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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

Form 10-K

(Mark One)

  þ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

    For the fiscal period ended December 31, 2011

OR

 

  ¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

    For the transition period from                 to                 .

Commission file number: 001-35120

 

CVR Partners, LP

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware    56-2677689

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

  

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

2277 Plaza Drive, Suite 500   

Sugar Land, Texas

(Address of principal executive offices)

  

77479

(Zip Code)

(281) 207-3200

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of Each Class

 

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common units representing limited partner interests

  New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes   ¨     No   þ

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes   ¨     No   þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   þ     No   ¨ .

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 or Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes   þ     No   ¨ .

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer  ¨

   Accelerated filer  ¨    Non-accelerated filer  þ    Smaller reporting company  ¨
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   ¨     No   þ

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant computed based on the New York Stock Exchange closing price on June 30, 2011 (the last day of the registrant’s second fiscal quarter) was $487,485,878.

Indicate the number of units outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common units, as of the latest practicable date.

 

Class

 

Outstanding at February 20, 2012

Common unit representing limited partner interests   73,030,936 units

 

 

 

 


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS                

 

          Page  
PART I   

Item 1.

   Business      4   

Item 1A.

   Risk Factors      13   

Item 1B.

   Unresolved Staff Comments      41   

Item 2.

   Properties      41   

Item 3.

   Legal Proceedings      42   

Item 4.

   Mine Safety Disclosures      42   
PART II   

Item 5.

   Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Unitholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of E quity Securities      43   

Item 6.

   Selected Financial Data      45   

Item 7.

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations      49   

Item 7A.

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk      75   

Item 8.

   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data      76   

Item 9.

   Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure      114   

Item 9A.

   Controls and Procedures      114   

Item 9B.

   Other Information      114   
PART III   

Item 10.

   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance      115   

Item 11.

   Executive Compensation      120   

Item 12.

   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Unitholder Matters      136   

Item 13.

   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence      138   

Item 14.

   Principal Accounting Fees and Services      150   
PART IV   

Item 15.

   Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules      151   


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GLOSSARY OF SELECTED TERMS

The following are definitions of certain terms used in this Form 10-K.

 

ammonia    Ammonia is a direct application fertilizer and is primarily used as a building block for other nitrogen products for industrial applications and finished fertilizer products.
Blue Johnson    Blue, Johnson & Associates, Inc.
capacity    Capacity is defined as the throughput a process unit is capable of sustaining, either on a calendar or stream day basis. The throughput may be expressed in terms of maximum sustainable, nameplate or economic capacity. The maximum sustainable or nameplate capacities may not be the most economical. The economic capacity is the throughput that generally provides the greatest economic benefit based on considerations such as feedstock costs, product values and downstream unit constraints.
catalyst    A substance that alters, accelerates, or instigates chemical changes, but is neither produced, consumed nor altered in the process.
Coffeyville Resources or CRLLC    Coffeyville Resources, LLC, the subsidiary of CVR Energy which directly owns our general partner and 50,920,000 common units, or approximately 69.7% of our common units.
common units    Common units representing limited partner interests of CVR Partners, LP.
corn belt    The primary corn producing region of the United States, which includes Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio and Wisconsin.
CVR Energy    CVR Energy, Inc., a publicly traded company listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “CVI,” which indirectly owns our general partner and the common units owned by CRLLC.
ethanol    A clear, colorless, flammable oxygenated hydrocarbon. Ethanol is typically produced chemically from ethylene, or biologically from fermentation of various sugars from carbohydrates found in agricultural crops and cellulosic residues from crops or wood. It is used in the United States as a gasoline octane enhancer and oxygenate.
farm belt    Refers to the states of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas and Wisconsin.

 

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feedstocks    Petroleum products, such as crude oil and natural gas liquids, that are processed and blended into refined products, such as gasoline, diesel fuel and jet fuel, which are produced by a refinery.
general partner    CVR GP, LLC, our general partner, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Coffeyville Resources.
Initial Public Offering    Initial public offering (“IPO”) of CVR Partners, LP common units that closed on April 13, 2011.
MMbtu    One million British thermal units: a measure of energy. One Btu of heat is required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit.
on-stream    Measurement of the reliability of the gasification, ammonia and UAN units, defined as the total number of hours operated by each unit divided by the total number of hours in the reporting period.
pet coke    A coal-like substance that is produced during the refining process.
plant gate price    The unit price of fertilizer, in dollars per ton, offered on a delivered basis, and excluding shipment costs.
prepaid sales    Represents customer payments under contracts to guarantee a price and supply of fertilizer in quantities expected to be delivered in the next twelve months. Revenue is not recorded for such sales until the product is considered delivered. Prepaid sales are also referred to as deferred revenue.
recordable incident    An injury, as defined by OSHA. All work-related deaths and illnesses, and those work-related injuries which result in loss of consciousness, restriction of work or motion, transfer to another job, or require medical treatment beyond first aid.
slag    A glasslike substance removed from the gasifier containing the metal impurities originally present in pet coke.
slurry    A byproduct of the fluid catalytic cracking process that is sold for further processing or blending with fuel oil.
spot market    A market in which commodities are bought and sold for cash and delivered immediately.

 

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syngas    A mixture of gases (largely carbon monoxide and hydrogen) that results from heating coal in the presence of steam.
throughput    The volume processed through a unit.
ton    One ton is equal to 2,000 pounds.
turnaround    A periodically required standard procedure to refurbish and maintain a facility that involves the shutdown and inspection of major processing units.
UAN    UAN is an aqueous solution of urea and ammonium nitrate used as a fertilizer.
wheat belt    The primary wheat producing region of the United States, which includes Oklahoma, Kansas, North Dakota, South Dakota and Texas.

 

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PART I

Item 1.     Business

Overview

CVR Partners, LP (“CVR Partners”, the “Company”, the “Partnership”, “we”, “us”, or “our”) is a Delaware limited partnership formed by CVR Energy, Inc. to own, operate and grow our nitrogen fertilizer business. Strategically located adjacent to CVR Energy’s refinery in Coffeyville, Kansas, our nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing facility is the only operation in North America that utilizes a petroleum coke, or pet coke, gasification process to produce nitrogen fertilizer.

We produce and distribute nitrogen fertilizer products, which are used primarily by farmers to improve the yield and quality of their crops. Our principal products are ammonia and UAN. These products are manufactured at our facility in Coffeyville, Kansas. Our product sales are heavily weighted toward UAN and all of our products are sold on a wholesale basis.

Our facility includes a 1,225 ton-per-day ammonia unit, a 2,025 ton-per-day UAN unit and a gasifier complex with built-in redundancy having a capacity of 84 million standard cubic feet per day. We upgrade a majority of the ammonia we produce to higher margin UAN fertilizer, an aqueous solution of urea and ammonium nitrate which has historically commanded a premium price over ammonia. In 2011, we produced 411,189 tons of ammonia, of which approximately 72% was upgraded into 714,130 tons of UAN.

We are expanding our existing asset base and utilizing the experience of our and CVR Energy’s management teams to execute our growth strategy, which includes expanding production of UAN and acquiring and building additional infrastructure and production assets. A significant two-year plant expansion designed to increase our UAN production capacity by 400,000 tons, or approximately 50%, per year, is underway. CVR Energy, a New York Stock Exchange listed company, which indirectly owns our general partner and approximately 70.0% of our outstanding common units, currently operates a 115,000 bpd oil refinery in Coffeyville, Kansas, a 70,000 bpd oil refinery in Wynnewood, Oklahoma, and ancillary businesses. On February 13, 2012, CVR Energy announced its intention to sell a portion of its common unit holdings in CVR Partners. There can be no assurance as to the terms, conditions, amount or timing of such offering, or whether such offering will take place at all. This announcement does not constitute an offer of any securities for sale and is being made pursuant to and in accordance with Rule 135 under the Securities Act.

The primary raw material feedstock utilized in our nitrogen fertilizer production process is pet coke, which is produced during the crude oil refining process. In contrast, substantially all of our nitrogen fertilizer competitors use natural gas as their primary raw material feedstock. Historically, pet coke has been less expensive than natural gas on a per ton of fertilizer produced basis and pet coke prices have been more stable when compared to natural gas prices. We believe our nitrogen fertilizer business has historically been a lower cost producer and marketer of ammonia and UAN fertilizers in North America. During the past five years, over 70% of the pet coke consumed by our plant was produced and supplied by CVR Energy’s crude oil refinery pursuant to a renewable long-term agreement.

We generated net sales of $302.9 million, $180.5 million and $208.4 million, net income of $132.4 million, $33.3 million and $57.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

 

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Organizational Structure and Related Ownership as of December 31, 2011

The following chart illustrates our organizational structure.

 

LOGO

 

 

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Raw Material Supply

The nitrogen fertilizer facility’s primary input is pet coke. Pet coke is produced as a byproduct of a refinery’s coker unit process. In order to refine heavy or sour crude oil, which are lower in cost and more prevalent than higher quality crude oil, refiners use coker units, which enables refiners to further upgrade heavy crude oil. Our fertilizer plant is located in Coffeyville, Kansas, which is part of the Midwest pet coke market. The Midwest pet coke market is not subject to the same level of pet coke price variability as is the Texas Gulf Coast pet coke market, where daily production exceeds 40,000 tons per day. Our average daily pet coke demand from 2009-2011 was less than 1,400 tons per day. Given the fact that the majority of our third-party pet coke suppliers are located in the Midwest, our geographic location gives us (and our similarly located competitors) a transportation cost advantage over our U.S. Gulf Coast market competitors.

During the past five years, over 70% of our pet coke requirements on average were supplied by CVR Energy’s adjacent crude oil refinery, pursuant to a renewable long-term agreement. Historically we have obtained the remainder of our pet coke requirements from third parties such as other Midwestern refineries or pet coke brokers at spot prices. If necessary, the gasifier can also operate on low grade coal as an alternative, which provides an additional raw material source. There are significant supplies of low grade coal within a 60-mile radius of our nitrogen fertilizer plant.

Linde LLC (“Linde”) owns, operates, and maintains the air separation plant that provides contract volumes of oxygen, nitrogen, and compressed dry air to our gasifiers for a monthly fee. We provide and pay for all utilities required for operation of the air separation plant. The air separation plant has not experienced any long-term operating problems; however, CVR Energy maintains, for our benefit, contingent business interruption insurance with a $50 million limit for any interruption that results in a loss of production from an insured peril. The agreement with Linde provides that if our requirements for liquid or gaseous oxygen, liquid or gaseous nitrogen or clean dry air exceed specified instantaneous flow rates by at least 10%, we can solicit bids from Linde and third parties to supply our incremental product needs. We are required to provide notice to Linde of the approximate quantity of excess product that we will need and the approximate date by which we will need it; we and Linde will then jointly develop a request for proposal for soliciting bids from third parties and Linde. The bidding procedures may be limited under specified circumstances. The agreement with Linde expires in 2020.

We import start-up steam for the nitrogen fertilizer plant from CVR Energy’s adjacent crude oil refinery, and then export steam back to the crude oil refinery once all of our units are in service. We have entered into a feedstock and shared services agreement with CVR Energy, which regulates, among other things, the import and export of start-up steam between the adjacent refinery and the nitrogen fertilizer plant. Monthly charges and credits are recorded with the steam valued at the natural gas price for the month.

Production Process

Our nitrogen fertilizer plant was built in 2000 with two separate gasifiers to provide redundancy and reliability. It uses a gasification process licensed from an affiliate of the General Electric Company (“General Electric”), to convert pet coke to high purity hydrogen for a subsequent conversion to ammonia. The nitrogen fertilizer plant is capable of processing approximately 1,400 tons per day of pet coke from CVR Energy’s crude oil refinery and third-party sources and converting it into approximately 1,200 tons per day of ammonia. A majority of the ammonia is converted to approximately 2,000 tons per day of UAN. Typically 0.41 tons of ammonia are required to produce one ton of UAN.

Pet coke is first ground and blended with water and a fluxant (a mixture of fly ash and sand) to form a slurry that is then pumped into the partial oxidation gasifier. The slurry is then contacted with oxygen from an air separation unit. Partial oxidation reactions take place and the synthesis gas, or syngas, consisting predominantly of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, is formed. The mineral residue from the slurry is a molten slag (a glasslike substance containing the metal impurities originally present in pet coke) and flows along with the syngas into a quench chamber. The syngas and slag are rapidly cooled and the syngas is separated from the slag.

 

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Slag becomes a byproduct of the process. The syngas is scrubbed and saturated with moisture. The syngas next flows through a shift unit where the carbon monoxide in the syngas is reacted with the moisture to form hydrogen and CO2. The heat from this reaction generates saturated steam. This steam is combined with steam produced in the ammonia unit and the excess steam not consumed by the process is sent to the adjacent crude oil refinery.

After additional heat recovery, the high-pressure syngas is cooled and processed in the acid gas removal unit. The syngas is then fed to a pressure swing absorption, or PSA, unit, where the remaining impurities are extracted. The PSA unit reduces residual carbon monoxide and CO 2 levels to trace levels, and the moisture-free, high-purity hydrogen is sent directly to the ammonia synthesis loop.

The hydrogen is reacted with nitrogen from the air separation unit in the ammonia unit to form the ammonia product. A large portion of the ammonia is converted to UAN. In 2011, we produced 411,189 tons of ammonia, of which approximately 72% was upgraded into 714,130 tons of UAN.

We schedule and provide routine maintenance to our critical equipment using our own maintenance technicians. Pursuant to a technical services agreement with General Electric, which licenses the gasification technology to us, General Electric provides technical advice and technological updates from their ongoing research as well as other licensees’ operating experiences. The pet coke gasification process is licensed from General Electric pursuant to a perpetual license agreement that is fully paid. The license grants us perpetual rights to use the pet coke gasification process on specified terms and conditions.

Distribution, Sales and Marketing

The primary geographic markets for our fertilizer products are Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Iowa, Illinois, Colorado and Texas. We market the ammonia products to industrial and agricultural customers and the UAN products to agricultural customers. The demand for nitrogen fertilizers occurs during three key periods. The highest level of ammonia demand is traditionally in the spring pre-plant season, from March through May. The second-highest period of demand occurs during fall pre-plant in late October and November. The summer wheat pre-plant occurs in August and September. In addition, smaller quantities of ammonia are sold in the off-season to fill available storage at the dealer level.

Ammonia and UAN are distributed by truck or by railcar. If delivered by truck, products are sold on a freight-on-board basis, and freight is normally arranged by the customer. We lease a fleet of railcars for use in product delivery, and also negotiate with distributors that have their own leased railcars to utilize these assets to deliver products. We operate two truck loading and four rail loading racks for each of ammonia and UAN, with an additional four rail loading racks for UAN. We own all of the truck and rail loading equipment at our nitrogen fertilizer facility.

We market agricultural products to destinations that produce strong margins. The UAN market is primarily located near the Union Pacific Railroad lines or destinations that can be supplied by truck. The ammonia market is primarily located near the Burlington Northern Santa Fe or Kansas City Southern Railroad lines or destinations that can be supplied by truck. By securing this business directly, we reduce our dependence on distributors serving the same customer base, which enables us to capture a larger margin and allows us to better control our product distribution. Most of the agricultural sales are made on a competitive spot basis. We also offer products on a prepay basis for in-season demand. The heavy in-season demand periods are spring and fall in the corn belt and summer in the wheat belt. The corn belt is the primary corn producing region of the United States, which includes Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio and Wisconsin. The wheat belt is the primary wheat producing region of the United States, which includes Kansas, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota and Texas. Some of the industrial sales are spot sales, but most are on annual or multiyear contracts.

We use forward sales of our fertilizer products to optimize our asset utilization, planning process and production scheduling. These sales are made by offering customers the opportunity to purchase product on a

 

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forward basis at prices and delivery dates that we propose. We use this program to varying degrees during the year and between years depending on market conditions. We have the flexibility to decrease or increase forward sales depending on our view as to whether price environments will be increasing or decreasing. Fixing the selling prices of our products months in advance of their ultimate delivery to customers typically causes our reported selling prices and margins to differ from spot market prices and margins available at the time of shipment. As of December 31, 2011, we have sold forward 22,813 tons of ammonia at an average netback of $655 and 77,895 tons of UAN at an average netback of $372 for shipment over the next six months. As of December 31, 2011, $9.0 million of our forward sales are prepaid sales, which means we received payment for such product in advance of delivery. Cash received as a result of prepayments is recognized as deferred revenue on our balance sheet upon receipt; revenue and resultant net income and EBITDA are recorded as the product is actually delivered.

Customers

We sell ammonia to agricultural and industrial customers. Based upon a three-year average, we have sold approximately 87% of the ammonia we produce to agricultural customers primarily located in the mid-continent area between North Texas and Canada, and approximately 13% to industrial customers. Agricultural customers include distributors such as MFA, United Suppliers, Inc., Brandt Consolidated Inc., Gavilon Fertilizer, LLC, Transammonia, Inc., Agri Services of Brunswick, LLC, Interchem, and CHS Inc. Industrial customers include Tessenderlo Kerley, Inc., National Cooperative Refinery Association, and Dyno Nobel, Inc. We sell UAN products to retailers and distributors. Given the nature of our business, and consistent with industry practice, we do not have long-term minimum purchase contracts with any of our customers.

For the year ended December 31, 2011, the top five ammonia customers in the aggregate represented 61.0% of our ammonia sales, and the top five UAN customers in the aggregate represented 49.0% of our UAN sales, of which Gavilon Fertilizer, LLC and United Suppliers, Inc. accounted for approximately 17.0% and 12.0 %, respectively.

Competition

We have experienced and expect to continue to meet significant levels of competition from current and potential competitors, many of whom have significantly greater financial and other resources. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business — Nitrogen fertilizer products are global commodities, and we face intense competition from other nitrogen fertilizer producers.”

Competition in our industry is dominated by price considerations. However, during the spring and fall application seasons, farming activities intensify and delivery capacity is a significant competitive factor. We maintain a large fleet of leased rail cars and seasonally adjust inventory to enhance our manufacturing and distribution operations.

Our major competitors include Agrium, Koch Nitrogen, Potash Corporation and CF Industries. Domestic competition is intense due to customers’ sophisticated buying tendencies and production strategies that focus on cost and service. Also, foreign competition exists from producers of fertilizer products manufactured in countries with lower cost natural gas supplies. In certain cases, foreign producers of fertilizer who export to the United States may be subsidized by their respective governments.

Based on Blue Johnson data regarding total U.S. use of UAN and ammonia, we estimate that our UAN production in 2011 represented approximately 6% of the total U.S. UAN use and that the net ammonia produced and marketed at our facility represented approximately 1% of the total U.S. ammonia use.

 

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Seasonality

Because we primarily sell agricultural commodity products, our business is exposed to seasonal fluctuations in demand for nitrogen fertilizer products in the agricultural industry. As a result, we typically generate greater net sales in the first half of the calendar year, which we refer to as the planting season, and our net sales tend to be lower during the second half of each calendar year, which we refer to as the fill season. In addition, the demand for fertilizers is affected by the aggregate crop planting decisions and fertilizer application rate decisions of individual farmers who make planting decisions based largely on the prospective profitability of a harvest. The specific varieties and amounts of fertilizer they apply depend on factors like crop prices, farmers’ current liquidity, soil conditions, weather patterns and the types of crops planted.

Environmental Matters

Our business is subject to extensive and frequently changing federal, state and local, environmental, health and safety laws and regulations governing the emission and release of hazardous substances into the environment, the treatment and discharge of waste water and the storage, handling, use and transportation of our nitrogen fertilizer products. These laws and regulations, their underlying regulatory requirements and the enforcement thereof impact us by imposing:

 

   

restrictions on operations or the need to install enhanced or additional controls;

 

   

the need to obtain and comply with permits and authorizations;

 

   

liability for the investigation and remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater at current and former facilities (if any) and off-site waste disposal locations; and

 

   

specifications for the products we market, primarily UAN and ammonia.

Our operations require numerous permits and authorizations. Failure to comply with these permits or environmental laws and regulations generally could result in fines, penalties or other sanctions or a revocation of our permits. In addition, the laws and regulations to which we are subject are often evolving and many of them have become more stringent or have become subject to more stringent interpretation or enforcement by federal and state agencies. The ultimate impact on our business of complying with existing laws and regulations is not always clearly known or determinable due in part to the fact that our operations may change over time and certain implementing regulations for laws, such as the federal Clean Air Act, have not yet been finalized, are under governmental or judicial review or are being revised. These laws and regulations could result in increased capital, operating and compliance costs or result in delays or limits to our operations or growth while attempting to obtain required permits.

The principal environmental risks associated with our business are outlined below.

The Federal Clean Air Act

The federal Clean Air Act and its implementing regulations, as well as the corresponding state laws and regulations that regulate emissions of pollutants into the air, affect us through the federal Clean Air Act’s permitting requirements and emission control requirements relating to specific air pollutants, as well as the requirement to maintain a risk management program to help prevent accidental releases of certain substances. Some or all of the standards promulgated pursuant to the federal Clean Air Act, or any future promulgations of standards, may require the installation of controls or changes to our nitrogen fertilizer facility in order to comply. If new controls or changes to operations are needed, the costs could be significant. In addition, failure to comply with the requirements of the federal Clean Air Act and its implementing regulations could result in fines, penalties or other sanctions.

The regulation of air emissions under the federal Clean Air Act requires that we obtain various construction and operating permits and incur capital expenditures for the installation of certain air pollution control devices at

 

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our operations. Various regulations specific to our operations have been implemented, such as National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants, New Source Performance Standards and New Source Review. We have incurred, and expect to continue to incur, substantial capital expenditures to maintain compliance with these and other air emission regulations that have been promulgated or may be promulgated or revised in the future. The EPA recently proposed revisions to the New Source Performance Standards for nitric acid plants. We do not expect to incur capital expenditures or any significant additional operational expenses associated with the revised standards, as proposed.

Release Reporting

The release of hazardous substances or extremely hazardous substances into the environment is subject to release reporting requirements under federal and state environmental laws. We periodically experience releases of hazardous or extremely hazardous substances from our equipment. We experienced more significant releases in August 2007 due to the failure of a high pressure pump and in August and September 2010 due to a heat exchanger leak and a UAN vessel rupture. Such releases are reported to the EPA and relevant state and local agencies. From time to time, the EPA has conducted inspections and issued information requests to us with respect to our compliance with risk reporting requirements under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act and the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act and the risk management program under the federal Clean Air Act. If we fail to properly report a release, or if the release violates the law or our permits, it could cause us to become the subject of a governmental enforcement action or third-party claims. Government enforcement or third-party claims relating to releases of hazardous or extremely hazardous substances could result in significant expenditures and liability.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Various regulatory and legislative measures to address greenhouse gas emissions (including carbon dioxide, or CO 2 , methane and nitrous oxides) are in different phases of implementation or discussion. In the aftermath of its 2009 “endangerment finding” that greenhouse gas emissions pose a threat to human health and welfare, the EPA has begun to regulate greenhouse gas emissions under the authority granted to it under the federal Clean Air Act. In October 2009, the EPA finalized a rule requiring certain large emitters of greenhouse gases to inventory and report their greenhouse gas emissions to the EPA. In accordance with the rule, we have begun monitoring and reporting greenhouse gas emissions from our nitrogen fertilizer plant. In May 2010, the EPA finalized the “Greenhouse Gas Tailoring Rule,” which establishes new greenhouse gas emissions thresholds that determine when stationary sources, such as our nitrogen fertilizer plant, must obtain permits under the Prevention of Significant Deterioration, or PSD, and Title V programs of the federal Clean Air Act. In cases where a new source is constructed or an existing source undergoes a major modification, the facility would need to evaluate and install best available control technology, or BACT, for its greenhouse gas emissions. Phase-in permit requirements began for the largest stationary sources in 2011. A major modification at our nitrogen fertilizer plant, subject to the PSD or Title V permitting process after July 2011, which results in a significant expansion of production at our nitrogen fertilizer plant and a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions, may require us to install BACT for our greenhouse gas emissions as part of the permitting process. We do not currently believe that any currently anticipated projects at our nitrogen fertilizer plant will result in a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions triggering the need to install BACT controls. At the federal legislative level, Congressional passage of legislation adopting some form of federal mandatory greenhouse gas emission reduction, such as a nationwide cap-and-trade program, does not appear likely at this time, although it could be adopted at a future date. It is also possible that Congress may pass alternative climate change bills that do not mandate a nationwide cap-and-trade program and instead focus on promoting renewable energy and energy efficiency.

In addition to potential federal legislation, a number of states have adopted regional greenhouse gas initiatives to reduce CO 2 and other greenhouse gas emissions. In 2007, a group of Midwest states, including Kansas (where our nitrogen fertilizer facility is located), formed the Midwestern Greenhouse Gas Reduction Accord, which calls for the development of a cap-and-trade system to control greenhouse gas emissions and for

 

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the inventory of such emissions. However, the individual states that have signed on to the accord must adopt laws or regulations implementing the trading scheme before it becomes effective, and it is unclear whether Kansas still intend to do so.

The implementation of EPA regulations and/or the passage of federal or state climate change legislation will likely result in increased costs to (i) operate and maintain our facilities, (ii) install new emission controls on our facilities and (iii) administer and manage any greenhouse gas emissions program. Increased costs associated with compliance with any future legislation or regulation of greenhouse gas emissions, if it occurs, may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

In addition, climate change legislation and regulations may result in increased costs not only for our business but also for agricultural producers that utilize our fertilizer products, thereby potentially decreasing demand for our fertilizer products. Decreased demand for our fertilizer products may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

Environmental Remediation

Under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”), the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”), and related state laws, certain persons may be liable for the release or threatened release of hazardous substances. These persons can include the current owner or operator of property where a release or threatened release occurred, any persons who owned or operated the property when the release occurred, and any persons who disposed of, or arranged for the transportation or disposal of, hazardous substances at a contaminated property. Liability under CERCLA is strict, and, under certain circumstances, joint and several, so that any responsible party may be held liable for the entire cost of investigating and remediating the release of hazardous substances. As is the case with all companies engaged in similar industries, we face potential exposure from future claims and lawsuits involving environmental matters, including soil and water contamination, personal injury or property damage allegedly caused by hazardous substances that we manufactured, handled, used, stored, transported, spilled, disposed of or released. We cannot assure you that we will not become involved in future proceedings related to our release of hazardous or extremely hazardous substances or that, if we were held responsible for damages in any existing or future proceedings, such costs would be covered by insurance or would not be material.

Environmental Insurance

We are covered by CVR Energy’s premises pollution liability insurance policies with an aggregate limit of $50.0 million per pollution condition, subject to a self-insured retention of $5.0 million. The policies include business interruption coverage, subject to a 10-day waiting period deductible. This insurance expires on July 1, 2012. The policies insure specific covered locations, including our nitrogen fertilizer facility. The policies insure (i) claims, remediation costs, and associated legal defense expenses for pollution conditions at, or migrating from, a covered location, and (ii) the transportation risks associated with moving waste from a covered location to any location for unloading or depositing waste. The policies cover any claim made during the policy period as long as the pollution conditions giving rise to the claim commenced on or after March 3, 2004. The premises pollution liability policies contain exclusions, conditions, and limitations that could apply to a particular pollution condition claim, and there can be no assurance such claim will be adequately insured for all potential damages.

In addition to the premises pollution liability insurance policies, we benefit from casualty insurance policies maintained by CVR Energy having an aggregate and occurrence limit of $150.0 million, subject to a self-insured retention of $2.0 million. This insurance provides coverage for claims involving pollutants where the discharge is sudden and accidental and first commenced at a specific day and time during the policy period. Coverage under the casualty insurance policies for pollution does not apply to damages at or within our insured premises. The pollution coverage provided in the casualty insurance policies contains exclusions, definitions, conditions and limitations that could apply to a particular pollution claim, and there can be no assurance such claim will be adequately insured for all potential damages.

 

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Safety, Health and Security Matters

We are subject to a number of federal and state laws and regulations related to safety, including the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act, or “OSHA,” and comparable state statutes, the purpose of which are to protect the health and safety of workers. We also are subject to OSHA Process Safety Management regulations, which are designed to prevent or minimize the consequences of catastrophic releases of toxic, reactive, flammable or explosive chemicals.

We operate a comprehensive safety, health and security program, involving active participation of employees at all levels of the organization. We have developed comprehensive safety programs aimed at preventing recordable incidents. Despite our efforts to achieve excellence in our safety and health performance, there can be no assurances that there will not be accidents resulting in injuries or even fatalities. We routinely audit our programs and consider improvements in our management systems.

Process Safety Management .      We maintain a process safety management, or PSM, program. This program is designed to address all aspects of OSHA guidelines for developing and maintaining a comprehensive process safety management program. We will continue to audit our programs and consider improvements in our management systems and equipment.

Emergency Planning and Response .     We have an emergency response plan that describes the organization, responsibilities and plans for responding to emergencies in our facility. This plan is communicated to local regulatory and community groups. We have on-site warning siren systems and personal radios. We will continue to audit our programs and consider improvements in our management systems and equipment.

Employees

As of December 31, 2011, we had 124 direct employees. These employees operate our facilities at the nitrogen fertilizer plant level and are directly employed and compensated by us. These employees are covered by health insurance, disability and retirement plans established by CVR Energy. None of our employees are unionized, and we believe that our relationship with our employees is good.

We also rely on the services of employees of CVR Energy in the operation of our business pursuant to a services agreement among us, CVR Energy and our general partner. CVR Energy provides us with the following services under the agreement, among others:

 

   

services from CVR Energy’s employees in capacities equivalent to the capacities of corporate executive officers, including chief operating officer, chief financial officer, general counsel, and vice president for environmental, health and safety, except that those who serve in such capacities under the agreement serve us on a shared, part-time basis only, unless we and CVR Energy agree otherwise;

 

   

administrative and professional services, including legal, accounting, human resources, insurance, tax, credit, finance, government affairs and regulatory affairs;

 

   

management of our property and the property of our operating subsidiary in the ordinary course of business;

 

   

recommendations on capital raising activities, including the issuance of debt or equity interests, the entry into credit facilities and other capital market transactions;

 

   

managing or overseeing litigation and administrative or regulatory proceedings, establishing appropriate insurance policies, and providing safety and environmental advice;

 

   

recommending the payment of distributions; and

 

   

managing or providing advice for other projects as may be agreed by CVR Energy and our general partner from time to time.

 

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For more information on this services agreement, see “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence – Agreements with CVR Energy – Services Agreement.”

Available Information

Our website address is www.cvrpartners.com. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports, are available free of charge through our website under “Investor Relations,” as soon as reasonably practicable after the electronic filing of these reports is made with the SEC. In addition, our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Codes of Ethics and the Charter of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of our general partner are available on our website. These guidelines and policies and the charter are available in print without charge to any unitholder requesting them.

Trademarks, Trade Names and Service Marks

This Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 (the “Report”) may include our and our affiliates’ trademarks, including CVR Energy, Coffeyville Resources, CVR Partners, LP and the CVR Partners, LP logo, each of which is registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. This Report may also contain trademarks, service marks, copyrights and trade names of other companies.

Item 1A.     Risk Factors

You should carefully consider each of the following risks together with the other information contained in this Report and all of the information set forth in our filings with the SEC. If any of the following risks and uncertainties develops into an actual event, our business, financial condition, cash flows or results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In that case, we might not be able to pay distributions on our common units, the trading price of our common units could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. Although many of our business risks are comparable to those faced by a corporation engaged in a similar business, limited partner interests are inherently different from the capital stock of a corporation and involve additional risks described below.

Risks Related to Our Business

We may not have sufficient available cash to pay any quarterly distribution on our common units. Furthermore, we are not required to make distributions to holders of our common units on a quarterly basis or otherwise, and may elect to distribute less than all of our available cash.

We may not have sufficient available cash each quarter to enable us to pay any distributions to our common unitholders. Furthermore, our partnership agreement does not require us to pay distributions on a quarterly basis or otherwise. Although our general partner’s current policy is to distribute all of our available cash on a quarterly basis, the board of directors of our general partner may at any time, for any reason, change this policy or decide not to pay cash distributions on a quarterly basis or other basis. The amount of cash we will be able to distribute on our common units principally depends on the amount of cash we generate from our operations, which is directly dependent upon the operating margins we generate, which have been volatile historically. Our operating margins are significantly affected by the market-driven UAN and ammonia prices we are able to charge our customers and our pet coke-based gasification production costs, as well as seasonality, weather conditions, governmental regulation, unscheduled maintenance or downtime at our facilities and global and domestic demand for nitrogen fertilizer products, among other factors. In addition:

 

   

The amount of distributions we pay, if any, and the decision to make any distribution at all will be determined by the board of directors of our general partner, whose interests may differ from those of our common unitholders. Our general partner has limited fiduciary and contractual duties, which may permit it to favor its own interests or the interests of CVR Energy to the detriment of our common unitholders.

 

   

Our credit facility, and any credit facility or other debt instruments we enter into in the future, may limit the distributions that we can make. Our credit facility provides that we can make distributions to holders

 

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of our common units, but only if we are in compliance with our leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio covenants on a pro forma basis after giving effect to any distribution, and there is no default or event of default under the facility. In addition, any future credit facility may contain other financial tests and covenants that we must satisfy. Any failure to comply with these tests and covenants could result in the lenders prohibiting distributions by us.

 

   

The amount of available cash for distribution to our unitholders depends primarily on our cash flow, and not solely on our profitability, which is affected by non-cash items. As a result, we may make distributions during periods when we record losses and may not make distributions during periods when we record net income.

 

   

The actual amount of available cash depends on numerous factors, some of which are beyond our control, including UAN and ammonia prices, our operating costs, global and domestic demand for nitrogen fertilizer products, fluctuations in our working capital needs, and the amount of fees and expenses incurred by us.

The amount of our quarterly cash distributions, if any, will vary significantly both quarterly and annually and will be directly dependent on the performance of our business. Unlike most publicly traded partnerships, we do not have a minimum quarterly distribution or employ structures intended to consistently maintain or increase distributions over time.

We expect our business performance will be more seasonal and volatile, and our cash flows will be less stable, than the business performance and cash flows of most publicly traded partnerships. As a result, our quarterly cash distributions will be volatile and are expected to vary quarterly and annually. Unlike most publicly traded partnerships, we do not have a minimum quarterly distribution or employ structures intended to consistently maintain or increase distributions over time. The amount of our quarterly cash distributions will be directly dependent on the performance of our business, which has been volatile historically as a result of volatile nitrogen fertilizer and natural gas prices, and seasonal and global fluctuations in demand for nitrogen fertilizer products. Because our quarterly distributions will be subject to significant fluctuations directly related to the cash we generate after payment of our fixed and variable expenses, future quarterly distributions paid to our unitholders will vary significantly from quarter to quarter and may be zero. Given the seasonal nature of our business, we expect that our unitholders will have direct exposure to fluctuations in the price of nitrogen fertilizers. In addition, from time to time we make prepaid sales, whereby we receive cash in respect of product to be delivered in a future quarter but do not record revenue in respect of such sales until product is delivered. The cash from prepaid sales increases our operating cash flow in the quarter when the cash is received; however, we do not generate net income or EBITDA in respect of prepaid sales until product is actually delivered.

The board of directors of our general partner may modify or revoke our cash distribution policy at any time at its discretion. Our partnership agreement does not require us to make any distributions at all.

Our general partner’s current policy is to distribute all of the available cash we generate each quarter to unitholders of record on a pro rata basis. However, the board may change such policy at any time at its discretion and could elect not to make distributions for one or more quarters. Our partnership agreement does not require us to make any distributions at all. Any modification or revocation of our cash distribution policy could substantially reduce or eliminate the amounts of distributions to our unitholders.

The nitrogen fertilizer business is, and nitrogen fertilizer prices are, cyclical and highly volatile and have experienced substantial downturns in the past. Cycles in demand and pricing could potentially expose us to significant fluctuations in our operating and financial results, and expose you to substantial volatility in our quarterly cash distributions and material reductions in the trading price of our common units.

We are exposed to fluctuations in nitrogen fertilizer demand in the agricultural industry. These fluctuations historically have had and could in the future have significant effects on prices across all nitrogen fertilizer

 

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products and, in turn, our financial condition, cash flows and results of operations, which could result in significant volatility or material reductions in the price of our common units or an inability to make quarterly cash distributions on our common units.

Nitrogen fertilizer products are commodities, the price of which can be highly volatile. The price of nitrogen fertilizer products depend on a number of factors, including general economic conditions, cyclical trends in end-user markets, supply and demand imbalances, and weather conditions, which have a greater relevance because of the seasonal nature of fertilizer application. If seasonal demand exceeds the projections on which we base production, our customers may acquire nitrogen fertilizer products from our competitors, and our profitability will be negatively impacted. If seasonal demand is less than we expect, we will be left with excess inventory that will have to be stored or liquidated.

Demand for nitrogen fertilizer products is dependent on demand for crop nutrients by the global agricultural industry. Nitrogen-based fertilizers are currently in high demand, driven by a growing world population, changes in dietary habits and an expanded use of corn for the production of ethanol. Supply is affected by available capacity and operating rates, raw material costs, government policies and global trade. A decrease in nitrogen fertilizer prices would have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flow and ability to make distributions.

Our internally generated cash flows and other sources of liquidity may not be adequate for our capital needs. As a result, we may not be able to pay any cash distributions to our unitholders and the trading price of our common units may be adversely impacted.

If we cannot generate adequate cash flow or otherwise secure sufficient liquidity to meet our working capital needs or support our short-term and long-term capital requirements, we may be unable to meet our debt obligations, pursue our business strategies or comply with certain environmental standards, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. As of December 31, 2011, we had cash and cash equivalents of $237.0 million and $25.0 million available under our credit facility.

The costs associated with operating our nitrogen fertilizer plant are largely fixed. If nitrogen fertilizer prices fall below a certain level, we may not generate sufficient revenue to operate profitably or cover our costs and our ability to make distributions will be adversely impacted.

Unlike our competitors, whose primary costs are related to the purchase of natural gas and whose costs are therefore largely variable, we have largely fixed costs that are not dependent on the price of natural gas because we use pet coke as the primary feedstock in our nitrogen fertilizer plant. As a result of the fixed cost nature of our operations, downtime, interruptions or low productivity due to reduced demand, adverse weather conditions, equipment failure, a decrease in nitrogen fertilizer prices or other causes can result in significant operating losses, which would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

A decline in natural gas prices could impact our relative competitive position when compared to other nitrogen fertilizer producers.

Most nitrogen fertilizer manufacturers rely on natural gas as their primary feedstock, and the cost of natural gas is a large component of the total production cost for natural gas-based nitrogen fertilizer manufacturers. The dramatic increase in nitrogen fertilizer prices in recent years has not been the direct result of an increase in natural gas prices, but rather the result of increased demand for nitrogen-based fertilizers due to historically low stocks of global grains and a surge in the prices of corn and wheat, the primary crops in our region. This increase in demand for nitrogen-based fertilizers has created an environment in which nitrogen fertilizer prices have disconnected from their traditional correlation with natural gas prices. A decrease in natural gas prices would benefit our competitors and could disproportionately impact our operations by making us less competitive with natural gas-based nitrogen fertilizer manufacturers. A decline in natural gas prices could impair our ability to compete with other nitrogen fertilizer producers who utilize natural gas as their primary feedstock, and therefore

 

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have a material adverse impact on the trading price of our common units. In addition, if natural gas prices in the United States were to decline to a level that prompts those U.S. producers who have permanently or temporarily closed production facilities to resume fertilizer production, this would likely contribute to a global supply/demand imbalance that could negatively affect nitrogen fertilizer prices and therefore have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, cash flows, and ability to make cash distributions.

Any decline in U.S. agricultural production or limitations on the use of nitrogen fertilizer for agricultural purposes could have a material adverse effect on the sales of nitrogen fertilizer, and on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

Conditions in the U.S. agricultural industry significantly impact our operating results. The U.S. agricultural industry can be affected by a number of factors, including weather patterns and field conditions, current and projected grain inventories and prices, domestic and international demand for U.S. agricultural products and U.S. and foreign policies regarding trade in agricultural products.

State and federal governmental policies, including farm and biofuel subsidies and commodity support programs, as well as the prices of fertilizer products, may also directly or indirectly influence the number of acres planted, the mix of crops planted and the use of fertilizers for particular agricultural applications. Developments in crop technology, such as nitrogen fixation (the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds that plants can assimilate), could also reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and adversely affect the demand for nitrogen fertilizer. In addition, from time to time various state legislatures have considered limitations on the use and application of chemical fertilizers due to concerns about the impact of these products on the environment.

A major factor underlying the current high level of demand for our nitrogen-based fertilizer products is the expanding production of ethanol. A decrease in ethanol production, an increase in ethanol imports or a shift away from corn as a principal raw material used to produce ethanol could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

A major factor underlying the current high level of demand for our nitrogen-based fertilizer products is the expanding production of ethanol in the United States and the expanded use of corn in ethanol production. Ethanol production in the United States is highly dependent upon a myriad of federal and state legislation and regulations, and is made significantly more competitive by various federal and state incentives, mandated production of ethanol pursuant to federal renewable fuel standards, and permitted increases in ethanol percentages in gasoline blends, such as E15, a gasoline blend with 15% ethanol. However, a number of factors, including a continuing “food versus fuel” debate and studies showing that expanded ethanol production may increase the level of greenhouse gases in the environment, have resulted in calls to reduce subsidies for ethanol, allow increased ethanol imports and adopt temporary waivers of the current renewable fuel standard levels, any of which could have an adverse effect on corn-based ethanol production, planted corn acreage and fertilizer demand. Therefore, ethanol incentive programs may not be renewed, or if renewed, they may be renewed on terms significantly less favorable to ethanol producers than current incentive programs. For example, Congress allowed both the 45 cents per gallon ethanol tax credit and the 54 cents per gallon ethanol import tariff to expire on December 31, 2011. Similarly, the EPA’s waivers partially approving the use of E15 could be revised, rescinded or delayed. These actions could have a material adverse effect on ethanol production in the United States, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

Further, most ethanol is currently produced from corn and other raw grains, such as milo or sorghum — especially in the Midwest. The current trend in ethanol production research is to develop an efficient method of producing ethanol from cellulose-based biomass, such as agricultural waste, forest residue, municipal solid waste and energy crops (plants grown for use to make biofuels or directly exploited for their energy content). If an efficient method of producing ethanol from cellulose-based biomass is developed, the demand for corn may decrease significantly, which could reduce demand for our nitrogen fertilizer products and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

 

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Nitrogen fertilizer products are global commodities, and we face intense competition from other nitrogen fertilizer producers.

Our business is subject to intense price competition from both U.S. and foreign sources, including competitors operating in the Persian Gulf, the Asia-Pacific region, the Caribbean, Russia and the Ukraine. Fertilizers are global commodities, with little or no product differentiation, and customers make their purchasing decisions principally on the basis of delivered price and availability of the product. Furthermore, in recent years the price of nitrogen fertilizer in the United States has been substantially driven by pricing in the global fertilizer market. We compete with a number of U.S. producers and producers in other countries, including state-owned and government-subsidized entities. Some competitors have greater total resources and are less dependent on earnings from fertilizer sales, which makes them less vulnerable to industry downturns and better positioned to pursue new expansion and development opportunities. Competitors utilizing different corporate structures may be better able to withstand lower cash flows than we can as a limited partnership. Our competitive position could suffer to the extent we are not able to expand our own resources either through investments in new or existing operations or through acquisitions, joint ventures or partnerships. An inability to compete successfully could result in the loss of customers, which could adversely affect our sales and profitability, and our ability to make cash distributions.

Adverse weather conditions during peak fertilizer application periods may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions, because our agricultural customers are geographically concentrated.

Our sales of nitrogen fertilizer products to agricultural customers are concentrated in the Great Plains and Midwest states and are seasonal in nature. For example, we generate greater net sales and operating income in the first half of the year, which we refer to as the planting season, compared to the second half of the year. Accordingly, an adverse weather pattern affecting agriculture in these regions or during the planting season could have a negative effect on fertilizer demand, which could, in turn, result in a material decline in our net sales and margins and otherwise have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions. Our quarterly results may vary significantly from one year to the next due largely to weather-related shifts in planting schedules and purchase patterns. In addition, given the seasonal nature of our business, we expect that our distributions will be volatile and will vary quarterly and annually.

Our business is seasonal, which may result in our carrying significant amounts of inventory and seasonal variations in working capital. Our inability to predict future seasonal nitrogen fertilizer demand accurately may result in excess inventory or product shortages.

Our business is seasonal. Farmers tend to apply nitrogen fertilizer during two short application periods, one in the spring and the other in the fall. The strongest demand for our products typically occurs during the planting season. In contrast, we and other nitrogen fertilizer producers generally produce our products throughout the year. As a result, we and our customers generally build inventories during the low demand periods of the year in order to ensure timely product availability during the peak sales seasons. The seasonality of nitrogen fertilizer demand results in our sales volumes and net sales being highest during the North American spring season and our working capital requirements typically being highest just prior to the start of the spring season.

If seasonal demand exceeds our projections, we will not have enough product and our customers may acquire products from our competitors, which would negatively impact our profitability. If seasonal demand is less than we expect, we will be left with excess inventory and higher working capital and liquidity requirements.

The degree of seasonality of our business can change significantly from year to year due to conditions in the agricultural industry and other factors. As a consequence of our seasonality, we expect that our distributions will be volatile and will vary quarterly and annually.

 

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Our operations are dependent on third-party suppliers, including Linde, which owns an air separation plant that provides oxygen, nitrogen and compressed dry air to our gasifiers, and the City of Coffeyville, which supplies us with electricity. A deterioration in the financial condition of a third-party supplier, a mechanical problem with the air separation plant, or the inability of a third-party supplier to perform in accordance with its contractual obligations could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and our ability to make cash distributions.

Our operations depend in large part on the performance of third-party suppliers, including Linde for the supply of oxygen, nitrogen and compressed dry air, and the City of Coffeyville for the supply of electricity. With respect to Linde, our operations could be adversely affected if there were a deterioration in Linde’s financial condition such that the operation of the air separation plant located adjacent to our nitrogen fertilizer plant was disrupted. Additionally, this air separation plant in the past has experienced numerous short-term interruptions, causing interruptions in our gasifier operations. With respect to electricity, we recently settled litigation with the City of Coffeyville regarding the price they sought to charge us for electricity and entered into an amended and restated electric services agreement which gives us an option to extend the term of such agreement through June 30, 2024. Should Linde, the City of Coffeyville or any of our other third-party suppliers fail to perform in accordance with existing contractual arrangements, our operation could be forced to halt. Alternative sources of supply could be difficult to obtain. Any shutdown of our operations, even for a limited period, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

Our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions may be adversely affected by the supply and price levels of pet coke. Failure by CVR Energy to continue to supply us with pet coke (to the extent third-party pet coke is unavailable or available only at higher prices), or CVR Energy’s imposition of an obligation to provide it with security for our payment obligations, could negatively impact our results of operations.

Our profitability is directly affected by the price and availability of pet coke obtained from CVR Energy’s Coffeyville, Kansas crude oil refinery pursuant to a long-term agreement and pet coke purchased from third parties (with respect to which we have no contractual arrangements), both of which vary based on market prices. Pet coke is a key raw material used by us in the manufacture of nitrogen fertilizer products. If pet coke costs increase, we may not be able to increase our prices to recover these increased costs, because market prices for our nitrogen fertilizer products are not correlated with pet coke prices.

Based on our current output, we obtain most (over 70% on average during the last five years) of the pet coke we need from CVR Energy’s adjacent crude oil refinery, and procure the remainder on the open market. The price that we pay CVR Energy for pet coke is based on the lesser of a pet coke price derived from the price we receive for UAN (subject to a UAN-based price ceiling and floor) and a pet coke index price. In most cases, the price we pay CVR Energy will be lower than the price which we would otherwise pay to third parties. Pet coke prices could significantly increase in the future. Should CVR Energy fail to perform in accordance with our existing agreement, we would need to purchase pet coke from third parties on the open market, which could negatively impact our results of operations to the extent third-party pet coke is unavailable or available only at higher prices.

We may not be able to maintain an adequate supply of pet coke. In addition, we could experience production delays or cost increases if alternative sources of supply prove to be more expensive or difficult to obtain. We currently purchase 100% of the pet coke produced by CVR Energy’s Coffeyville refinery. Accordingly, if we increase our production, we will be more dependent on pet coke purchases from third-party suppliers at open market prices. There is no assurance that we would be able to purchase pet coke on comparable terms from third parties or at all.

Under our pet coke agreement with CVR Energy, we may become obligated to provide security for our payment obligations if, in CVR Energy’s sole judgment, there is a material adverse change in our financial condition or liquidity position or in our ability to pay for our pet coke purchases. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence – Agreements with CVR Energy – Coke Supply Agreement.”

 

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We rely on third-party providers of transportation services and equipment, which subjects us to risks and uncertainties beyond our control that may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make distributions.

We rely on railroad and trucking companies to ship finished products to our customers. We also lease railcars from railcar owners in order to ship our finished products. These transportation operations, equipment and services are subject to various hazards, including extreme weather conditions, work stoppages, delays, spills, derailments and other accidents and other operating hazards.

These transportation operations, equipment and services are also subject to environmental, safety and other regulatory oversight. Due to concerns related to terrorism or accidents, local, state and federal governments could implement new regulations affecting the transportation of our finished products. In addition, new regulations could be implemented affecting the equipment used to ship our finished products.

Any delay in our ability to ship our finished products as a result of these transportation companies’ failure to operate properly, the implementation of new and more stringent regulatory requirements affecting transportation operations or equipment, or significant increases in the cost of these services or equipment could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

Our facility faces operating hazards and interruptions, including unplanned maintenance or downtime. We could face potentially significant costs to the extent these hazards or interruptions cause a material decline in production and are not fully covered by our existing insurance coverage. Insurance companies that currently insure companies in our industry may cease to do so, may change the coverage provided or may substantially increase premiums in the future.

Our operations, located at a single location, are subject to significant operating hazards and interruptions. Any significant curtailing of production at our nitrogen fertilizer plant or individual units within our plant could result in materially lower levels of revenues and cash flow for the duration of any shutdown and materially adversely impact our ability to make cash distributions. Operations at our nitrogen fertilizer plant could be curtailed or partially or completely shut down, temporarily or permanently, as the result of a number of circumstances, most of which are not within our control, such as:

 

   

unscheduled maintenance or catastrophic events such as a major accident or fire, damage by severe weather, flooding or other natural disaster;

 

   

labor difficulties that result in a work stoppage or slowdown;

 

   

environmental proceedings or other litigation that compel the cessation of all or a portion of the operations at our nitrogen fertilizer plant;

 

   

increasingly stringent environmental regulations;

 

   

a disruption in the supply of pet coke to our nitrogen fertilizer plant; and

 

   

a governmental ban or other limitation on the use of nitrogen fertilizer products, either generally or specifically those manufactured at our plant.

The magnitude of the effect on us of any shutdown will depend on the length of the shutdown and the extent of the plant operations affected by the shutdown. Our plant requires a scheduled maintenance turnaround every two years, which generally lasts up to three weeks. A major accident, fire, flood, or other event could damage our facility or the environment and the surrounding community or result in injuries or loss of life. For example, the flood that occurred during the weekend of June 30, 2007 shut down our facility for approximately two weeks and required significant expenditures to repair damaged equipment, and our UAN plant was out of service for approximately six weeks after the rupture of a high pressure vessel in September 2010, which had a significant impact on our revenues and cash flows for the fourth quarter of 2010. Moreover, our facility is located adjacent

 

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to CVR Energy’s Coffeyville, Kansas refinery, and a major accident or disaster at the refinery could adversely affect our operations. Planned and unplanned maintenance could reduce our net income, cash flow and ability to make cash distributions during the period of time that any of our units is not operating. Any unplanned future downtime could have a material adverse effect on our ability to make cash distributions to our unitholders.

If we experience significant property damage, business interruption, environmental claims or other liabilities, our business could be materially adversely affected to the extent the damages or claims exceed the amount of valid and collectible insurance available to us. We are currently insured under CVR Energy’s casualty, environmental, property and business interruption insurance policies. The property and business interruption insurance policies have a $1.0 billion limit, with a $2.5 million deductible for physical damage and a 45- to 60-day waiting period (depending on the insurance carrier) before losses resulting from business interruptions are recoverable. The policies also contain exclusions and conditions that could have a materially adverse impact on our ability to receive indemnification thereunder, as well as customary sub-limits for particular types of losses. For example, the current property policy contains a specific sub-limit of $150.0 million for damage caused by flooding. We are fully exposed to all losses in excess of the applicable limits and sub-limits and for losses due to business interruptions of fewer than 45 to 60 days.

The nitrogen fertilizer industry is highly capital intensive, and the entire or partial loss of facilities can result in significant costs to participants, such as us, and their insurance carriers. Market factors, including but not limited to catastrophic perils that impact our industry, significant changes in the investment returns of insurance companies, insurance company solvency trends and industry loss ratios and loss trends, can negatively impact the future cost and availability of insurance. There can be no assurance that CVR Energy or we will be able to buy and maintain insurance with adequate limits, reasonable pricing terms and conditions.

Deliberate, malicious acts, including terrorism, could damage our facilities, disrupt our operations or injure employees, contractors, customers or the public and result in liability to us.

Intentional acts of destruction could hinder our sales or production and disrupt our supply chain. Our facilities could be damaged or destroyed, reducing our operational production capacity and requiring us to repair or replace our facilities at substantial cost. Employees, contractors and the public could suffer substantial physical injury for which we could be liable. Governmental authorities may impose security or other requirements that could make our operations more difficult or costly. The consequences of any such actions could adversely affect our operating results, financial condition and ability to make distributions.

Our results of operations are highly dependent upon and fluctuate based upon business and economic conditions and governmental policies affecting the agricultural industry. These factors are outside of our control and may significantly affect our profitability.

Our results of operations are highly dependent upon business and economic conditions and governmental policies affecting the agricultural industry, which we cannot control. The agricultural products business can be affected by a number of factors. The most important of these factors in the United States are:

 

   

weather patterns and field conditions (particularly during periods of traditionally high nitrogen fertilizer consumption);

 

   

quantities of nitrogen fertilizers imported to and exported from North America;

 

   

current and projected grain inventories and prices, which are heavily influenced by U.S. exports and world-wide grain markets; and

 

   

U.S. governmental policies, including farm and biofuel policies, which may directly or indirectly influence the number of acres planted, the level of grain inventories, the mix of crops planted or crop prices.

 

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International market conditions, which are also outside of our control, may also significantly influence our operating results. The international market for nitrogen fertilizers is influenced by such factors as the relative value of the U.S. dollar and its impact upon the cost of importing nitrogen fertilizers, foreign agricultural policies, the existence of, or changes in, import or foreign currency exchange barriers in certain foreign markets, changes in the hard currency demands of certain countries and other regulatory policies of foreign governments, as well as the laws and policies of the United States affecting foreign trade and investment.

Ammonia can be very volatile and extremely hazardous. Any liability for accidents involving ammonia or other products we produce or transport that cause severe damage to property or injury to the environment and human health could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions. In addition, the costs of transporting ammonia could increase significantly in the future.

We manufacture, process, store, handle, distribute and transport ammonia, which can be very volatile and extremely hazardous. Major accidents or releases involving ammonia could cause severe damage or injury to property, the environment and human health, as well as a possible disruption of supplies and markets. Such an event could result in civil lawsuits, fines, penalties and regulatory enforcement proceedings, all of which could lead to significant liabilities. Any damage to persons, equipment or property or other disruption of our ability to produce or distribute our products could result in a significant decrease in operating revenues and significant additional cost to replace or repair and insure our assets, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions. We periodically experience minor releases of ammonia related to leaks from our equipment. We experienced more significant ammonia releases in August 2007 due to the failure of a high-pressure pump and in August and September 2010 due to a heat exchanger leak and a UAN vessel rupture. Similar events may occur in the future.

In addition, we may incur significant losses or costs relating to the operation of our railcars used for the purpose of carrying various products, including ammonia. Due to the dangerous and potentially toxic nature of the cargo, in particular ammonia, on board railcars, a railcar accident may result in fires, explosions and pollution. These circumstances may result in sudden, severe damage or injury to property, the environment and human health. In the event of pollution, we may be held responsible even if we are not at fault and we complied with the laws and regulations in effect at the time of the accident. Litigation arising from accidents involving ammonia and other products we produce or transport may result in our being named as a defendant in lawsuits asserting claims for large amounts of damages, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

Given the risks inherent in transporting ammonia, the costs of transporting ammonia could increase significantly in the future. Ammonia is most typically transported by pipeline and railcar. A number of initiatives are underway in the railroad and chemical industries that may result in changes to railcar design in order to minimize railway accidents involving hazardous materials. In addition, in the future, laws may more severely restrict or eliminate our ability to transport ammonia via railcar. If any railcar design changes are implemented, or if accidents involving hazardous freight increase the insurance and other costs of railcars, our freight costs could significantly increase.

Environmental laws and regulations could require us to make substantial capital expenditures to remain in compliance or to remediate current or future contamination that could give rise to material liabilities.

Our operations are subject to a variety of federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, including those governing the emission or discharge of pollutants into the environment, product specifications and the generation, treatment, storage, transportation, disposal and remediation of solid and hazardous waste and materials. Violations of these laws and regulations or permit conditions can result in substantial penalties, injunctive orders compelling installation of additional controls, civil and criminal sanctions, permit revocations or facility shutdowns.

 

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In addition, new environmental laws and regulations, new interpretations of existing laws and regulations, increased governmental enforcement of laws and regulations or other developments could require us to make additional unforeseen expenditures. Many of these laws and regulations are becoming increasingly stringent, and the cost of compliance with these requirements can be expected to increase over time. The requirements to be met, as well as the technology and length of time available to meet those requirements, continue to develop and change. These expenditures or costs for environmental compliance could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

Our facility operates under a number of federal and state permits, licenses and approvals with terms and conditions containing a significant number of prescriptive limits and performance standards in order to operate. Our facility is also required to comply with prescriptive limits and meet performance standards specific to chemical facilities as well as to general manufacturing facilities. All of these permits, licenses, approvals and standards require a significant amount of monitoring, record keeping and reporting in order to demonstrate compliance with the underlying permit, license, approval or standard. Incomplete documentation of compliance status may result in the imposition of fines, penalties and injunctive relief. Additionally, due to the nature of our manufacturing processes, there may be times when we are unable to meet the standards and terms and conditions of these permits and licenses due to operational upsets or malfunctions, which may lead to the imposition of fines and penalties or operating restrictions that may have a material adverse effect on our ability to operate our facilities and accordingly our financial performance.

Our business is subject to the occurrence of accidental spills, discharges or other releases of hazardous substances into the environment. Past or future spills related to our nitrogen fertilizer plant or transportation of products or hazardous substances from our facility may give rise to liability (including strict liability, or liability without fault, and potential cleanup responsibility) to governmental entities or private parties under federal, state or local environmental laws, as well as under common law. For example, we could be held strictly liable under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA, for past or future spills without regard to fault or whether our actions were in compliance with the law at the time of the spills. Pursuant to CERCLA and similar state statutes, we could be held liable for contamination associated with the facility we currently own and operate (whether or not such contamination occurred prior to our acquisition thereof), facilities we formerly owned or operated (if any) and facilities to which we transported or arranged for the transportation of wastes or byproducts containing hazardous substances for treatment, storage, or disposal. The potential penalties and cleanup costs for past or future releases or spills, liability to third parties for damage to their property or exposure to hazardous substances, or the need to address newly discovered information or conditions that may require response actions could be significant and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

In addition, we may incur liability for alleged personal injury or property damage due to exposure to chemicals or other hazardous substances located at or released from our facility. We may also face liability for personal injury, property damage, natural resource damage or for cleanup costs for the alleged migration of contamination or other hazardous substances from our facility to adjacent and other nearby properties.

We may incur future costs relating to the off-site disposal of hazardous wastes. Companies that dispose of, or arrange for the transportation or disposal of, hazardous substances at off-site locations may be held jointly and severally liable for the costs of investigation and remediation of contamination at those off-site locations, regardless of fault. We could become involved in litigation or other proceedings involving off-site waste disposal and the damages or costs in any such proceedings could be material.

We may be unable to obtain or renew permits necessary for our operations, which could inhibit our ability to do business.

We hold numerous environmental and other governmental permits and approvals authorizing operations at our nitrogen fertilizer facility. Expansion of our operations is also predicated upon securing the necessary environmental or other permits or approvals. A decision by a government agency to deny or delay issuing a new

 

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or renewed material permit or approval, or to revoke or substantially modify an existing permit or approval, could have a material adverse effect on our ability to continue operations and on our business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to make cash distributions.

Environmental laws and regulations on fertilizer end-use and application and numeric nutrient water quality criteria could have a material adverse impact on fertilizer demand in the future.

Future environmental laws and regulations on the end-use and application of fertilizers could cause changes in demand for our products. In addition, future environmental laws and regulations, or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations, could limit our ability to market and sell our products to end users. From time to time, various state legislatures have proposed bans or other limitations on fertilizer products. In addition, a number of states have adopted or proposed numeric nutrient water quality criteria that could result in decreased demand for our fertilizer products in those states. Similarly, a new final Environmental Protection Agency (the “EPA”) rule establishing numeric nutrient criteria for certain Florida water bodies may require farmers to implement best management practices, including the reduction of fertilizer use, to reduce the impact of fertilizer on water quality. The rule has been challenged and may be replaced with a state rule imposing similar numeric nutrient criteria. Such laws, regulations or interpretations could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

Climate change laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and ability to make cash distributions.

Various legislative and regulatory measures to address greenhouse gas emissions (including CO2, methane and nitrous oxides) are in various phases of discussion or implementation. In the aftermath of its 2009 “endangerment finding” that greenhouse gas emissions pose a threat to human health and welfare, the EPA has begun to regulate greenhouse gas emissions under the authority granted to it under the Clean Air Act. In October 2009, the EPA finalized a rule requiring certain large emitters of greenhouse gases to inventory and annually report their greenhouse gas emissions to the EPA. In accordance with the rule, we began monitoring our greenhouse gas emissions from our nitrogen fertilizer plant and have already reported emissions to the EPA for the year ended 2011. In May 2010, the EPA finalized the “Greenhouse Gas Tailoring Rule,” which established new greenhouse gas emissions thresholds that determine when stationary sources, such as our nitrogen fertilizer plant, must obtain permits under the Prevention of Significant Deterioration, or PSD, and Title V programs of the federal Clean Air Act. The significance of the permitting requirement is that, in cases where a new source is constructed or an existing source undergoes a major modification, the facility would need to evaluate and install best available control technology, or BACT, for its greenhouse gas emissions. A major modification resulting in a significant expansion of production at our nitrogen fertilizer plant that causes a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions could require the installation of BACT controls. However, we do not believe that our ongoing or anticipated expansion projects would trigger the need to install BACT controls. The EPA’s endangerment finding, Greenhouse Gas Tailoring Rule and certain other greenhouse gas emission rules have been challenged and will likely be subject to extensive litigation.

At the federal legislative level, Congressional passage of legislation adopting some form of federal mandatory greenhouse gas emission reduction, such as a nationwide cap-and-trade program, does not appear likely at this time, although it could be adopted at a future date. It is also possible that Congress may pass alternative climate change bills that do not mandate a nationwide cap-and-trade program and instead focus on promoting renewable energy and energy efficiency.

In addition to potential federal legislation, a number of states have adopted regional greenhouse gas initiatives to reduce CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions. In 2007, a group of Midwest states, including Kansas (where our nitrogen fertilizer facility is located), formed the Midwestern Greenhouse Gas Reduction Accord, which calls for the development of a cap-and-trade system to control greenhouse gas emissions and for the inventory of such emissions. However, the individual states that have signed on to the accord must adopt laws or regulations implementing the trading scheme before it becomes effective, and it is unclear whether Kansas still intends to do so.

 

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The implementation of EPA greenhouse gas regulations or potential federal, state or regional programs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions will likely result in increased costs to (i) operate and maintain our facilities, (ii) install new emission controls on our facilities and (iii) administer and manage any greenhouse gas emissions program. Increased costs associated with compliance with any future legislation or regulation of greenhouse gas emissions, if it occurs, may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

In addition, climate change legislation and regulations may result in increased costs not only for our business but also for agricultural producers that utilize our fertilizer products, thereby potentially decreasing demand for our fertilizer products. Decreased demand for our fertilizer products may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

New regulations concerning the transportation of hazardous chemicals, risks of terrorism and the security of chemical manufacturing facilities could result in higher operating costs.

The costs of complying with future regulations relating to the transportation of hazardous chemicals and security associated with our nitrogen fertilizer facility may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions. Targets such as chemical manufacturing facilities may be at greater risk of future terrorist attacks than other targets in the United States. The chemical industry has responded to the issues that arose in response to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 by starting new initiatives relating to the security of chemical industry facilities and the transportation of hazardous chemicals in the United States. Future terrorist attacks could lead to even stronger, more costly initiatives that could result in a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions .

Due to our lack of asset diversification, adverse developments in the nitrogen fertilizer industry could adversely affect our results of operations and our ability to make distributions to our unitholders.

We rely exclusively on the revenues generated from our nitrogen fertilizer business. An adverse development in the nitrogen fertilizer industry would have a significantly greater impact on our operations and cash available for distribution to holders of common units than it will on other companies with a more diverse asset and product base. The largest publicly traded companies with which we compete sell a more varied range of fertilizer products.

Our business depends on significant customers, and the loss of one or several significant customers may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

Our business has a high concentration of customers. In the aggregate, our top five ammonia customers represented 61.3% of our ammonia sales, and our top five UAN customers represented 49.0% of our UAN sales, for the year ended December 31, 2011. Given the nature of our business, and consistent with industry practice, we do not have long-term minimum purchase contracts with any of our customers. The loss of one or several of these significant customers, or a significant reduction in purchase volume by any of them, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

There can be no assurance that the transportation costs of our competitors will not decline.

Our nitrogen fertilizer plant is located within the U.S. farm belt, where the majority of the end users of our nitrogen fertilizers grow their crops. Many of our competitors produce fertilizer outside this region and incur greater costs in transporting their products over longer distances via rail, ships and pipelines. There can be no assurance that our competitors’ transportation costs will not decline or that additional pipelines will not be built, lowering the price at which our competitors can sell their products, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

 

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We are subject to strict laws and regulations regarding employee and process safety, and failure to comply with these laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

Our facility is subject to the requirements of the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act, or OSHA, and comparable state statutes that regulate the protection of the health and safety of workers. In addition, OSHA and certain environmental regulations require that we maintain information about hazardous materials used or produced in our operations and that we provide this information to employees and state and local governmental authorities. Failure to comply with OSHA requirements, including general industry standards, record keeping requirements and monitoring and control of occupational exposure to regulated substances, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions if we are subjected to significant fines or compliance costs.

Instability and volatility in the global capital, credit and commodity markets could negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to make cash distributions.

The global capital and credit markets have experienced extreme volatility and disruption in recent years. Our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions could be negatively impacted by difficult conditions and extreme volatility in the capital, credit and commodities markets and in the global economy. These factors, combined with declining business and consumer confidence and increased unemployment, precipitated an economic recession in the United States and globally. The difficult conditions in these markets and the overall economy affect us in a number of ways. For example:

 

   

Although we believe we will have sufficient liquidity under our credit facility to run our business, under extreme market conditions there can be no assurance that such funds would be available or sufficient, and in such a case, we may not be able to successfully obtain additional financing on favorable terms, or at all.

 

   

Market volatility could exert downward pressure on the price of our common units, which may make it more difficult for us to raise additional capital and thereby limit our ability to grow.

 

   

Our credit facility contains various covenants that must be complied with, and if we are not in compliance, there can be no assurance that we would be able to successfully amend the agreement in the future. Further, any such amendment may be expensive.

 

   

Market conditions could result in our significant customers experiencing financial difficulties. We are exposed to the credit risk of our customers, and their failure to meet their financial obligations when due because of bankruptcy, lack of liquidity, operational failure or other reasons could result in decreased sales and earnings for us.

Our acquisition and expansion strategy involves significant risks.

One of our business strategies is to pursue acquisitions and expansion projects (including the ongoing expansion of our UAN capacity). However, acquisitions and expansions involve numerous risks and uncertainties, including intense competition for suitable acquisition targets, the potential unavailability of financial resources necessary to consummate acquisitions and expansions, difficulties in identifying suitable acquisition targets and expansion projects or in completing any transactions identified on sufficiently favorable terms, and the need to obtain regulatory or other governmental approvals that may be necessary to complete acquisitions and expansions. In addition, any future acquisitions and expansions may entail significant transaction costs, tax consequences and risks associated with entry into new markets and lines of business.

We are in the process of expanding our nitrogen fertilizer plant, which is expected to allow us the flexibility to upgrade all of our ammonia production to UAN. This expansion is premised in large part on the historically higher margin that we have received for UAN compared to ammonia. If the premium that UAN currently earns over ammonia decreases, this expansion project may not yield the economic benefits and accretive effects that we currently anticipate.

 

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In addition to the risks involved in identifying and completing acquisitions described above, even when acquisitions are completed, integration of acquired entities can involve significant difficulties, such as:

 

   

unforeseen difficulties in the acquired operations and disruption of the ongoing operations of our business;

 

   

failure to achieve cost savings or other financial or operating objectives with respect to an acquisition;

 

   

strain on the operational and managerial controls and procedures of our business, and the need to modify systems or to add management resources;

 

   

difficulties in the integration and retention of customers or personnel and the integration and effective deployment of operations or technologies;

 

   

assumption of unknown material liabilities or regulatory non-compliance issues;

 

   

amortization of acquired assets, which would reduce future reported earnings;

 

   

possible adverse short-term effects on our cash flows or operating results; and

 

   

diversion of management’s attention from the ongoing operations of our business.

In addition, in connection with any potential acquisition or expansion project, we will need to consider whether the business we intend to acquire or expansion project we intend to pursue could affect our tax treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If we are otherwise unable to conclude that the activities of the business being acquired or the expansion project would not affect our treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we could seek a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS. Seeking such a ruling could be costly or, in the case of competitive acquisitions, place us in a competitive disadvantage compared to other potential acquirers who do not seek such a ruling. If we are unable to conclude that an activity would not affect our treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we could choose to acquire such business or develop such expansion project in a corporate subsidiary, which would subject the income related to such activity to entity-level taxation. See “— Tax Risks — Our tax treatment depends on our status as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as well as our not being subject to a material amount of entity-level taxation by individual states. If the IRS were to treat us as a corporation, rather than as a partnership, for U.S. federal income tax purposes or if we were to become subject to additional amounts of entity-level taxation for state tax purposes, then our cash available for distribution to our unitholders would be substantially reduced, likely causing a substantial reduction in the value of our common units.”

Failure to manage acquisition and expansion growth risks could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions. There can be no assurance that we will be able to consummate any acquisitions or expansions, successfully integrate acquired entities, or generate positive cash flow at any acquired company or expansion project.

We rely on the executive officers of CVR Energy to manage many aspects of our business and affairs pursuant to a services agreement, which CVR Energy can terminate at any time after April 13, 2012, subject to a 180-day notice period.

Our future performance depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of CVR Energy’s senior management team. We have entered into a services agreement with our general partner and CVR Energy whereby CVR Energy has agreed to provide us with the services of its senior management team as well as accounting, business operations, legal, finance and other key back-office and mid-office personnel. At any time after April 13, 2012, CVR Energy can terminate this agreement, subject to a 180-day notice period. The loss or unavailability to us of any member of CVR Energy’s senior management team could negatively affect our ability to operate our business and pursue our business strategies. We do not have employment agreements with any of CVR Energy’s officers and we do not maintain any key person insurance. We can provide no assurance that CVR Energy will continue to provide us the officers that are necessary for the conduct of our business nor that such provision will be on terms that are acceptable. If CVR Energy elected to terminate the agreement on 180 days’ notice, we might not be able to find qualified individuals to serve as our executive officers within such 180-day period.

 

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In addition, pursuant to the services agreement we are responsible for a portion of the compensation expense of such executive officers according to the percentage of time such executive officers spent working for us. However, the compensation of such executive officers is set by CVR Energy, and we have no control over the amount paid to such officers. The services agreement does not contain any cap on the amounts we may be required to pay CVR Energy pursuant to this agreement.

A shortage of skilled labor, together with rising labor costs, could adversely affect our results of operations and cash available for distribution to our unitholders.

Efficient production of nitrogen fertilizer using modern techniques and equipment requires skilled employees. Our nitrogen fertilizer facility relies on gasification technology that requires special expertise to operate efficiently and effectively. To the extent that the services of our key technical personnel become unavailable to us for any reason, we would be required to hire other personnel. We may not be able to locate or employ such qualified personnel on acceptable terms or at all. We face competition for these professionals from our competitors, our customers and other companies operating in our industry. If we are unable to find qualified employees, or if the cost to find qualified employees increases materially, our results of operations and cash available for distribution to our unitholders could be adversely affected.

If licensed technology were no longer available, our business may be adversely affected.

We have licensed, and may in the future license, a combination of patent, trade secret and other intellectual property rights of third parties for use in our business. In particular, the gasification process we use to convert pet coke to high purity hydrogen for subsequent conversion to ammonia is licensed from General Electric. The license, which is fully paid, grants us perpetual rights to use the pet coke gasification process on specified terms and conditions and is integral to the operations of our facility. If this license, or any other license agreements on which our operations rely, were to be terminated, licenses to alternative technology may not be available, or may only be available on terms that are not commercially reasonable or acceptable. In addition, any substitution of new technology for currently-licensed technology may require substantial changes to manufacturing processes or equipment and may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

Security breaches and other disruptions could compromise our information and expose us to liability, which would cause our business and reputation to suffer.

In the ordinary course of our business, we collect and store sensitive data, including intellectual property, our proprietary business information and that of our customers and suppliers, and personally identifiable information of our employees, in our facilities and on our networks. The secure processing, maintenance and transmission of this information is critical to our operations. Despite our security measures, our information technology and infrastructure may be vulnerable to attacks by hackers or breached due to employee error, malfeasance or other disruptions. Any such breach could compromise our networks and the information stored there could be accessed, publicly disclosed, lost or stolen. Any such access, disclosure or other loss of information could result in legal claims or proceedings, disrupt our operations, damage our reputation, and cause a loss of confidence, which could adversely affect our business.

We may face third-party claims of intellectual property infringement, which if successful could result in significant costs for our business.

There are currently no claims pending against us relating to the infringement of any third-party intellectual property rights. However, in the future we may face claims of infringement that could interfere with our ability to use technology that is material to our business operations. Any litigation of this type, whether successful or unsuccessful, could result in substantial costs to us and diversions of our resources, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions. In

 

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the event a claim of infringement against us is successful, we may be required to pay royalties or license fees for past or continued use of the infringing technology, or we may be prohibited from using the infringing technology altogether. If we are prohibited from using any technology as a result of such a claim, we may not be able to obtain licenses to alternative technology adequate to substitute for the technology we can no longer use, or licenses for such alternative technology may only be available on terms that are not commercially reasonable or acceptable to us. In addition, any substitution of new technology for currently licensed technology may require us to make substantial changes to our manufacturing processes or equipment or to our products, and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make cash distributions.

Our indebtedness may affect our ability to operate our business, and may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

As of December 31, 2011, we had $125.0 million in outstanding term loan borrowings and borrowing availability of $25.0 million under our revolving credit facility. We and our subsidiary may be able to incur significant additional indebtedness in the future. If new indebtedness is added to our current indebtedness, the risks described below could increase. Our level of indebtedness could have important consequences, such as:

 

   

limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund our working capital needs, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions or for other purposes;

 

   

limiting our ability to use operating cash flow in other areas of our business because we must dedicate a substantial portion of these funds to service debt;

 

   

limiting our ability to compete with other companies who are not as highly leveraged, as we may be less capable of responding to adverse economic and industry conditions;

 

   

restricting us from making strategic acquisitions, introducing new technologies or exploiting business opportunities;

 

   

restricting the way in which we conduct our business because of financial and operating covenants in the agreements governing our and our subsidiaries’ existing and future indebtedness, including, in the case of certain indebtedness of subsidiaries, certain covenants that restrict the ability of subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions to us;

 

   

exposing us to potential events of default (if not cured or waived) under financial and operating covenants contained in our or our subsidiaries’ debt instruments that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results;

 

   

increasing our vulnerability to a downturn in general economic conditions or in pricing of our products; and

 

   

limiting our ability to react to changing market conditions in our industry and in our customers’ industries.

In addition, borrowings under our credit facility bear interest at variable rates. If market interest rates increase, such variable-rate debt will create higher debt service requirements, which could adversely affect our ability to make distributions. While we may enter into agreements limiting our exposure to higher interest rates, any such agreements may not offer complete protection from this risk.

In addition to our debt service obligations, our operations require substantial investments on a continuing basis. Our ability to make scheduled debt payments, to refinance our obligations with respect to our indebtedness and to fund capital and non-capital expenditures necessary to maintain the condition of our operating assets, properties and systems software, as well as to provide capacity for the growth of our business, depends on our financial and operating performance, which, in turn, is subject to prevailing economic conditions and financial, business, competitive, legal and other factors.

 

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In addition, we are and will be subject to covenants contained in agreements governing our present and future indebtedness. These covenants include, and will likely include, restrictions on certain payments (including restrictions on distributions to our unitholders), the granting of liens, the incurrence of additional indebtedness, dividend restrictions affecting subsidiaries, asset sales, transactions with affiliates and mergers and consolidations. Any failure to comply with these covenants could result in a default under our credit facility. Our credit facility provides that we can make distributions to holders of our common units, but only if we are in compliance with our leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio covenants on a pro forma basis after giving effect to any distribution and there is no default or event of default under the facility. If we were unable to comply with any such covenant restrictions in any quarter, our ability to make distributions to unitholders would be curtailed. In addition, the termination or non-renewal of, or violation by CVR Energy of its covenants in, any of the intercompany agreements between us and CVR Energy that has a material adverse effect on us would trigger an event of default under our credit facility. Upon a default, unless waived, the lenders under our credit facility would have all remedies available to a secured lender, and could elect to terminate their commitments, cease making further loans, institute foreclosure proceedings against our or our subsidiaries’ assets, and force us and our subsidiaries into bankruptcy or liquidation, subject to the intercreditor agreements. In addition, any defaults could trigger cross defaults under other or future credit agreements. Our operating results may not be sufficient to service our indebtedness or to fund our other expenditures and we may not be able to obtain financing to meet these requirements.

We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness that may not be successful.

Our ability to satisfy our debt obligations will depend upon, among other things:

 

   

our future financial and operating performance, which will be affected by prevailing economic conditions and financial, business, regulatory and other factors, many of which are beyond our control; and

 

   

our future ability to borrow under our credit facility, the availability of which depends on, among other things, our complying with the covenants in the credit facility.

We cannot offer any assurance that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations, or that we will be able to draw under our credit facility or otherwise, in an amount sufficient to fund our liquidity needs. In addition, our general partner’s current policy is to distribute all available cash we generate on a quarterly basis, and the board of directors of our general partner may in the future elect to pay a special distribution, engage in unit repurchases or pursue other strategic options including acquisitions of other business or asset purchases, which would reduce cash available to service our debt obligations.

If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to service our indebtedness, we may be forced to reduce or suspend distributions, reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance our indebtedness or seek bankruptcy protection. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. Our ability to restructure or refinance our debt will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of our debt could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. In addition, the terms of existing or future debt agreements may restrict us from adopting some of these alternatives. In the absence of such operating results and resources, we could face substantial liquidity problems and might be required to dispose of material assets or operations, sell equity, and/or negotiate with our lenders to restructure the applicable debt, in order to meet our debt service and other obligations. We may not be able to consummate those dispositions for fair market value or at all. Our credit facility or market or business conditions may limit our ability to avail ourselves of some or all of these options. Furthermore, any proceeds that we could realize from any such dispositions may not be adequate to meet our debt service obligations then due.

 

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Our debt agreements contain restrictions that will limit our flexibility in operating our business and our ability to make distributions to our unitholders.

Our credit facility contains, and any instruments governing future indebtedness of ours would likely contain, a number of covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us, including restrictions on our and our subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things:

 

   

incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred units;

 

   

pay distributions in respect of our units or make other restricted payments;

 

   

make certain payments on debt that is subordinated or secured on a junior basis;

 

   

make certain investments;

 

   

sell certain assets;

 

   

create liens on certain assets;

 

   

consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets;

 

   

enter into certain transactions with our affiliates; and

 

   

designate our subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries.

Any of these restrictions could limit our ability to plan for or react to market conditions and could otherwise restrict partnership activities. Any failure to comply with these covenants could result in a default under our credit facility. Upon a default, unless waived, the lenders under our credit facility would have all remedies available to a secured lender, and could elect to terminate their commitments, cease making further loans, institute foreclosure proceedings against our assets, and force us into bankruptcy or liquidation, subject to any applicable intercreditor agreements. In addition, a default under our credit facility would trigger a cross default under our other agreements and could trigger a cross default under the agreements governing our future indebtedness. Our operating results may not be sufficient to service our indebtedness or to fund our other expenditures and we may not be able to obtain financing to meet these requirements.

Despite our indebtedness, we may still be able to incur significantly more debt, including secured indebtedness. This could intensify the risks described above.

We may be able to incur substantially more debt in the future, including secured indebtedness. Although our credit facility contains restrictions on our incurrence of additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions and, under certain circumstances, indebtedness incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial. Also, these restrictions may not prevent us from incurring obligations that do not constitute indebtedness. To the extent such new debt or new obligations are added to our existing indebtedness, the risks described above could substantially increase.

We are a holding company and depend upon our subsidiary for our cash flow.

We are a holding company. All of our operations are conducted and all of our assets are owned by Coffeyville Resources Nitrogen Fertilizers, LLC, or CRNF, our wholly-owned subsidiary and our sole subsidiary. Consequently, our cash flow and our ability to meet our obligations or to make cash distributions in the future will depend upon the cash flow of our subsidiary and the payment of funds by our subsidiary to us in the form of dividends or otherwise. The ability of our subsidiary to make any payments to us will depend on its earnings, the terms of its indebtedness, including the terms of any credit facilities, and legal restrictions. In particular, future credit facilities incurred at our subsidiary may impose significant limitations on the ability of our subsidiary to make distributions to us and consequently our ability to make distributions to our unitholders.

 

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As a publicly traded partnership we qualify for certain exemptions from the New York Stock Exchange’s corporate governance requirements.

As a publicly traded partnership, we qualify for certain exemptions from the New York Stock Exchange’s corporate governance requirements, including:

 

   

the requirement that a majority of the board of directors of our general partner consist of independent directors;

 

   

the requirement that the board of directors of our general partner have a nominating/corporate governance committee that is composed entirely of independent directors; and

 

   

the requirement that the board of directors of our general partner have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors.

Our general partner’s board of directors has not and does not currently intend to establish a nominating/corporate governance committee. Additionally, we could avail ourselves of the additional exemptions available to publicly traded partnerships listed above at any time in the future. Accordingly, unitholders do not have the same protections afforded to equityholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the New York Stock Exchange.

We will be exposed to risks relating to evaluations of controls required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

We are in the process of evaluating our internal controls systems to allow management to report on, and our independent auditors to audit, our internal controls over financial reporting. We will be performing the system and process evaluation and testing (and any necessary remediation) required to comply with the management certification and auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and under current rules will be required to comply with Section 404 in our annual report for the year ended December 31, 2012. Furthermore, upon completion of this process, we may identify control deficiencies of varying degrees of severity under applicable SEC and Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or PCAOB, rules and regulations that remain unremediated. Although we produce our financial statements in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), our internal accounting controls may not currently meet all standards applicable to companies with publicly traded securities. As a publicly traded partnership, we will be required to report, among other things, control deficiencies that constitute a “material weakness” or changes in internal controls that, or that are reasonably likely to, materially affect internal controls over financial reporting. A “material weakness” is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

If we fail to implement the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner, we might be subject to sanctions or investigation by regulatory authorities such as the SEC. If we do not implement improvements to our disclosure controls and procedures or to our internal controls in a timely manner, our independent registered public accounting firm may not be able to certify as to the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to an audit of our internal controls over financial reporting. This may subject us to adverse regulatory consequences or a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements. We could also suffer a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements if our independent registered public accounting firm reports a material weakness in our internal controls, if we do not develop and maintain effective controls and procedures or if we are otherwise unable to deliver timely and reliable financial information. Any loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements or other negative reaction to our failure to develop timely or adequate disclosure controls and procedures or internal controls could result in a decline in the price of our common units. In addition, if we fail to remedy any material weakness, our financial statements may be inaccurate, we may face restricted access to the capital markets and the price of our common units may be adversely affected.

 

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Our relationship with CVR Energy and its financial condition subjects us to potential risks that are beyond our control.

Due to our relationship with CVR Energy, adverse developments or announcements concerning CVR Energy could materially adversely affect our financial condition, even if we have not suffered any similar development. The ratings assigned to CVR Energy’s senior secured indebtedness are below investment grade. Downgrades of the credit ratings of CVR Energy could increase our cost of capital and collateral requirements, and could impede our access to the capital markets.

The credit and business risk profiles of CVR Energy may be factors considered in credit evaluations of us. This is because we rely on CVR Energy for various services, including management services and the supply of pet coke. Another factor that may be considered is the financial condition of CVR Energy, including the degree of its financial leverage and its dependence on cash flow from us to service its indebtedness. The credit and risk profile of CVR Energy could adversely affect our credit ratings and risk profile, which could increase our borrowing costs or hinder our ability to raise capital.

If we were to seek a credit rating in the future, our credit rating may be adversely affected by the leverage of CVR Energy, as credit rating agencies may consider the leverage and credit profile of CVR Energy and its affiliates because of their ownership interest in and joint control of us and the strong operational links between CVR Energy’s refining business and us. Any adverse effect on our credit rating would increase our cost of borrowing or hinder our ability to raise financing in the capital markets, which would impair our ability to grow our business and make cash distributions to unitholders.

Risks Related to Our Limited Partnership Structure and Our Common Units

The board of directors of our general partner has adopted a policy to distribute all of the available cash we generate on a quarterly basis, which could limit our ability to grow and make acquisitions.

Our general partner’s current policy is to distribute all of the available cash we generate on a quarterly basis to our unitholders. As a result, we will rely primarily upon external financing sources, including commercial bank borrowings and the issuance of debt and equity securities, to fund our acquisitions and expansion capital expenditures. As a result, to the extent we are unable to finance growth externally, our cash distribution policy will significantly impair our ability to grow.

In addition, because of our general partner’s current distribution policy, our growth may not be as fast as that of businesses that reinvest their available cash to expand ongoing operations. To the extent we issue additional units in connection with any acquisitions or expansion capital expenditures, the payment of distributions on those additional units will decrease the amount we distribute on each outstanding unit. There are no limitations in our partnership agreement on our ability to issue additional units, including units ranking senior to the common units. The incurrence of additional commercial borrowings or other debt to finance our growth strategy would result in increased interest expense, which, in turn, would reduce the available cash that we have to distribute to our unitholders.

Our general partner, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of CVR Energy, has fiduciary duties to CVR Energy and its stockholders, and the interests of CVR Energy and its stockholders may differ significantly from, or conflict with, the interests of our public common unitholders.

Our general partner is responsible for managing us. Although our general partner has fiduciary duties to manage us in a manner that is in our best interests, the fiduciary duties are specifically limited by the express terms of our partnership agreement, and the directors and officers of our general partner also have fiduciary duties to manage our general partner in a manner beneficial to CVR Energy and its stockholders. The interests of CVR Energy and its stockholders may differ from, or conflict with, the interests of our common unitholders. In

 

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resolving these conflicts, our general partner may favor its own interests, the interests of Coffeyville Resources, its sole member, or the interests of CVR Energy and holders of CVR Energy’s common stock over our interests and those of our common unitholders.

The potential conflicts of interest include, among others, the following:

 

   

Neither our partnership agreement nor any other agreement requires the owners of our general partner, including CVR Energy, to pursue a business strategy that favors us. The affiliates of our general partner, including CVR Energy, have fiduciary duties to make decisions in their own best interests and in the best interest of holders of CVR Energy’s common stock, which may be contrary to our interests. In addition, our general partner is allowed to take into account the interests of parties other than us or our unitholders, such as its owners or CVR Energy, in resolving conflicts of interest, which has the effect of limiting its fiduciary duty to our unitholders.

 

   

Our general partner has limited its liability and reduced its fiduciary duties under our partnership agreement and has also restricted the remedies available to our unitholders for actions that, without the limitations, might constitute breaches of fiduciary duty. As a result of purchasing common units, unitholders consent to some actions and conflicts of interest that might otherwise constitute a breach of fiduciary or other duties under applicable state law.

 

   

The board of directors of our general partner determines the amount and timing of asset purchases and sales, capital expenditures, borrowings, repayment of indebtedness and issuances of additional partnership interests, each of which can affect the amount of cash that is available for distribution to our common unitholders.

 

   

Our partnership agreement does not restrict our general partner from causing us to pay it or its affiliates for any services rendered to us or entering into additional contractual arrangements with any of these entities on our behalf. There is no limitation on the amounts our general partner can cause us to pay it or its affiliates.

 

   

Our general partner may exercise its rights to call and purchase all of our common units if at any time it and its affiliates (including Coffeyville Resources) own more than 80% of the common units.

 

   

Our general partner controls the enforcement of obligations owed to us by it and its affiliates. In addition, our general partner decides whether to retain separate counsel or others to perform services for us.

 

   

Our general partner determines which costs incurred by it and its affiliates are reimbursable by us.

 

   

Most of the executive officers of our general partner also serve as executive officers of CVR Energy, and the executive chairman of our board of directors is the chairman and chief executive officer of CVR Energy. The executive officers who work for both CVR Energy and our general partner, including our chief financial officer, chief operating officer and general counsel, divide their time between our business and the business of CVR Energy. These executive officers will face conflicts of interest from time to time in making decisions which may benefit either us or CVR Energy.

Our partnership agreement limits the liability and reduces the fiduciary duties of our general partner and restricts the remedies available to us and our common unitholders for actions taken by our general partner that might otherwise constitute breaches of fiduciary duty.

Our partnership agreement limits the liability and reduces the fiduciary duties of our general partner, while also restricting the remedies available to our common unitholders for actions that, without these limitations and reductions, might constitute breaches of fiduciary duty. Delaware partnership law permits such contractual reductions of fiduciary duty. By purchasing common units, common unitholders consent to some actions that might otherwise constitute a breach of fiduciary or other duties applicable under state law. Our partnership agreement contains provisions that reduce the standards to which our general partner would otherwise be held by state fiduciary duty law. For example:

 

   

Our partnership agreement permits our general partner to make a number of decisions in its individual capacity, as opposed to its capacity as general partner. This entitles our general partner to consider only

 

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the interests and factors that it desires, and it has no duty or obligation to give any consideration to any interest of, or factors affecting, our common unitholders. Decisions made by our general partner in its individual capacity are made by Coffeyville Resources as the sole member of our general partner, and not by the board of directors of our general partner. Examples include the exercise of the general partner’s call right, its voting rights with respect to any common units it may own, its registration rights and its determination whether or not to consent to any merger or consolidation or amendment to our partnership agreement.

 

   

Our partnership agreement provides that our general partner will not have any liability to us or our unitholders for decisions made in its capacity as general partner so long as it acted in good faith, meaning it believed that the decisions were in our best interests.

 

   

Our partnership agreement provides that our general partner and the officers and directors of our general partner will not be liable for monetary damages to us for any acts or omissions unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment entered by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that our general partner or those persons acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct or, in the case of a criminal matter, acted with knowledge that such person’s conduct was criminal.

 

   

Our partnership agreement generally provides that affiliate transactions and resolutions of conflicts of interest not approved by the conflicts committee of the board of directors of our general partner and not involving a vote of unitholders must be on terms no less favorable to us than those generally provided to or available from unrelated third parties or be “fair and reasonable.” In determining whether a transaction or resolution is “fair and reasonable,” our general partner may consider the totality of the relationship between the parties involved, including other transactions that may be particularly advantageous or beneficial to us.

By purchasing a common unit, a unitholder becomes bound by the provisions of our partnership agreement, including the provisions described above.

Our unitholders have limited voting rights, and CVR Energy has the power to appoint and remove our general partner’s directors.

Our general partner has control over all decisions related to our operations. Furthermore, CVR Energy, through its ownership of 100% of Coffeyville Resources, has the power to elect all of the members of the board of directors of our general partner. The goals and objectives of CVR Energy, as the indirect owner of our general partner, may not be consistent with those of our public unitholders.

Unlike the holders of common stock in a corporation, our unitholders have only limited voting rights on matters affecting our business and, therefore, limited ability to influence management’s decisions regarding our business. Our public unitholders do not have an ability to influence any operating decisions and are not able to prevent us from entering into any transactions. Unlike publicly traded corporations, we do not hold annual meetings of our unitholders to elect directors or conduct other matters routinely conducted at annual meetings of stockholders. Furthermore, even if our unitholders are dissatisfied with the performance of our general partner, they have no practical ability to remove our general partner. As a result of these limitations, the price at which the common units will trade could be diminished.

Common units are subject to our general partner’s call right.

If at any time our general partner and its affiliates own more than 80% of the common units, our general partner will have the right, which it may assign to any of its affiliates or to us, but not the obligation, to acquire all, but not less than all, of the common units held by public unitholders at a price not less than their then-current market price, as calculated pursuant to the terms of our partnership agreement. As a result, each holder of our common units may be required to sell such holder’s common units at an undesirable time or price and may not receive any return on investment. Each holder of our common units may also incur a tax liability upon a sale of such holder’s common units. Our general partner is not obligated to obtain a fairness opinion regarding the value of the common units to be repurchased by it upon exercise of the call right. There is no restriction in our

 

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partnership agreement that prevents our general partner from issuing additional common units and then exercising its call right. Our general partner may use its own discretion, free of fiduciary duty restrictions, in determining whether to exercise this right.

Our public unitholders do not have sufficient voting power to remove our general partner without CVR Energy’s consent.

CVR Energy indirectly owns approximately 70% of our common units, which means holders of common units are not able to remove the general partner, under any circumstances, unless CVR Energy sells some of the common units that it owns or we sell additional units to the public, in either case, such that CVR Energy owns less than 50% of our common units.

Our partnership agreement restricts the voting rights of unitholders owning 20% or more of our common units (other than our general partner and its affiliates and permitted transferees).

Our partnership agreement restricts unitholders’ voting rights by providing that any units held by a person that owns 20% or more of any class of units then outstanding, other than our general partner, its affiliates, their transferees and persons who acquired such units with the prior approval of the board of directors of our general partner, may not vote on any matter. Our partnership agreement also contains provisions limiting the ability of common unitholders to call meetings or to acquire information about our operations, as well as other provisions limiting the ability of our common unitholders to influence the manner or direction of management.

Cost reimbursements due to our general partner and its affiliates will reduce cash available for distribution to you.

Prior to making any distribution on our outstanding units, we will reimburse our general partner for all expenses it incurs on our behalf including, without limitation, our pro rata portion of management compensation and overhead charged by CVR Energy in accordance with our services agreement. The services agreement does not contain any cap on the amount we may be required to pay pursuant to this agreement. The payment of these amounts, including allocated overhead, to our general partner and its affiliates could adversely affect our ability to make distributions to you.

Limited partners may not have limited liability if a court finds that unitholder action constitutes control of our business.

A general partner of a partnership generally has unlimited liability for the obligations of the partnership, except for those contractual obligations of the partnership that are expressly made without recourse to the general partner. Our partnership is organized under Delaware law and our subsidiary conducts business in a number of other states, including Kansas, Nebraska and Texas. Limited partners could be liable for our obligations as if such limited partners were general partners if a court or government agency determined that:

 

   

we were conducting business in a state but had not complied with that particular state’s partnership statute; or

 

   

limited partners’ right to act with other unitholders to remove or replace our general partner, to approve some amendments to our partnership agreement or to take other actions under our partnership agreement constituted “control” of our business.

Unitholders may have liability to repay distributions.

In the event that: (i) we make distributions to our unitholders when our nonrecourse liabilities exceed the sum of (a) the fair market value of our assets not subject to recourse liability and (b) the excess of the fair market value of our assets subject to recourse liability over such liability, or a distribution causes such a result, and (ii) a unitholder knows at the time of the distribution of such circumstances, such unitholder will be liable for a period of three years from the time of the impermissible distribution to repay the distribution under Section 17-607 of the Delaware Act.

 

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Likewise, upon the winding up of the partnership, in the event that (a) we do not distribute assets in the following order: (i) to creditors in satisfaction of their liabilities; (ii) to partners and former partners in satisfaction of liabilities for distributions owed under our partnership agreement; (iii) to partners for the return of their contribution; and finally (iv) to the partners in the proportions in which the partners share in distributions and (b) a unitholder knows at the time of such circumstances, then such unitholder will be liable for a period of three years from the impermissible distribution to repay the distribution under Section 17-807 of the Delaware Act.

Our general partner’s interest in us and the control of our general partner may be transferred to a third party without unitholder consent.

Our general partner may transfer its general partner interest in us to a third party in a merger or in a sale of all or substantially all of its assets without the consent of the unitholders. Furthermore, there is no restriction in our partnership agreement on the ability of CVR Energy to transfer its equity interest in our general partner to a third party. The new equity owner of our general partner would then be in a position to replace the board of directors and the officers of our general partner with its own choices and to influence the decisions taken by the board of directors and officers of our general partner.

If control of our general partner were transferred to an unrelated third party, the new owner of the general partner would have no interest in CVR Energy. We rely substantially on the senior management team of CVR Energy and have entered into a number of significant agreements with CVR Energy, including a services agreement pursuant to which CVR Energy provides us with the services of its senior management team and a long-term agreement for the provision of pet coke. If our general partner were no longer controlled by CVR Energy, CVR Energy could be more likely to terminate the services agreement which, beginning on April 13, 2012, it may do upon 180 days’ notice, or elect not to renew the pet coke agreement, which expires in 2027.

Our business could be negatively affected as a result of a threatened proxy contest and pending tender offer with respect to CVR Energy.

CVR Energy, which indirectly owns our general partner and approximately 70% of our common units, recently received a notice from certain funds affiliated with Carl Icahn that discloses their intent to nominate nine individuals for election to CVR Energy’s Board of Directors. In addition, on February 23, 2012, certain funds affiliated with Carl Icahn commenced a tender offer for control of CVR Energy with the intention, following completion of such tender offer, to seek to sell CVR Energy to a strategic acquiror. Our general partner is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of CVR Energy, and consequently CVR Energy has the right to nominate all of the members of the board of directors of our general partner.

The Partnership could be adversely affected by these events because, among other things:

 

   

Perceived uncertainties as to CVR Energy’s and our future direction may result in the loss of potential business opportunities and may make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel and business partners; and

 

   

If individuals with a specific agenda are elected to CVR Energy’s Board of Directors, or if a third party obtains control of CVR Energy, they may have a different view as to the future direction of the Partnership and CVR Energy’s ownership of our common units that may adversely affect our ability to implement our strategic objectives effectively and timely.

CVR Energy provides us with the services of its senior management team as well as accounting, business operations, legal, finance and other key back-office and mid-office personnel pursuant to a services agreement which it can terminate at any time after April 13, 2012, subject to a 180-day notice period. CVR Energy also has the right under our partnership agreement to sell our general partner at any time to a third party, who would be able to replace our entire board of directors. Finally, CVR Energy currently owns the majority of our common units. A new board of directors at CVR Energy might have a different view as to whether to maintain any or all of the foregoing, which could have a material adverse effect on the Partnership.

 

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Increases in interest rates could adversely impact our unit price and our ability to issue additional equity to make acquisitions, incur debt or for other purposes.

We cannot predict how interest rates will react to changing market conditions. Interest rates on our credit facility, future credit facilities and debt offerings could be higher than current levels, causing our financing costs to increase accordingly. Additionally, as with other yield-oriented securities, we expect that our unit price will be impacted by the level of our quarterly cash distributions and implied distribution yield. The distribution yield is often used by investors to compare and rank related yield-oriented securities for investment decision-making purposes. Therefore, changes in interest rates may affect the yield requirements of investors who invest in our common units, and a rising interest rate environment could have a material adverse impact on our unit price and our ability to issue additional equity to make acquisitions or to incur debt as well as increasing our interest costs.

We may issue additional common units and other equity interests without your approval, which would dilute your existing ownership interests.

Under our partnership agreement, we are authorized to issue an unlimited number of additional interests without a vote of the unitholders. The issuance by us of additional common units or other equity interests of equal or senior rank will have the following effects:

 

   

the proportionate ownership interest of unitholders immediately prior to the issuance will decrease;

 

   

the amount of cash distributions on each unit will decrease;

 

   

the ratio of our taxable income to distributions may increase;

 

   

the relative voting strength of each previously outstanding unit will be diminished; and

 

   

the market price of the common units may decline.

In addition, our partnership agreement does not prohibit the issuance by our subsidiaries of equity interests, which may effectively rank senior to the common units.

Units eligible for future sale may cause the price of our common units to decline.

Sales of substantial amounts of our common units in the public market, or the perception that these sales may occur, could cause the market price of our common units to decline. This could also impair our ability to raise additional capital through the sale of our equity interests.

As of February 20, 2012, there were 73,030,936 common units outstanding. Of this amount, (i) 22,080,000 common units were sold to the public in our Initial Public Offering and are freely transferable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, or the Securities Act, by persons other than “affiliates,” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act and (ii) CVR Energy, through Coffeyville Resources owns 50,920,000 common units, which may only be sold pursuant to a future registration statement or an exemption from registration such as Rule 144. On February 13, 2012, CVR Energy announced its intention to sell a portion of its common unit holdings in CVR Partners. There can be no assurance as to the terms, conditions, amount or timing of such offering, or whether such offering will take place at all. This announcement does not constitute an offer of any securities for sale and is being made pursuant to and in accordance with Rule 135 under the Securities Act.

Under our partnership agreement, our general partner and its affiliates (including Coffeyville Resources) have the right to cause us to register their units under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. We are also party to an amended and restated registration rights agreement with Coffeyville Resources pursuant to which we may be required to register the sale of the common units it holds.

 

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Tax Risks

Our tax treatment depends on our status as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as well as our not being subject to a material amount of entity-level taxation by individual states. If the IRS were to treat us as a corporation, rather than as a partnership, for U.S. federal income tax purposes or if we were to become subject to additional amounts of entity-level taxation for state tax purposes, then our cash available for distribution to our unitholders would be substantially reduced, likely causing a substantial reduction in the value of our common units.

The anticipated after-tax economic benefit of an investment in our common units depends largely on our being treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Despite the fact that we are a limited partnership under Delaware law, it is possible in certain circumstances for a partnership such as ours to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. From 2011, and in each taxable year thereafter, we are required to derive at least 90% of our annual gross income from specific activities to continue to be treated as a partnership, rather than as a corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We may not find it possible to meet this qualifying income requirement, or may inadvertently fail to meet this qualifying income requirement.

Although we do not believe based upon our current operations that we are treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a change in our business or a change in current law could cause us to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise subject us to taxation as an entity. We may in the future enter into new activities or businesses. If our legal counsel were to be unable to opine that gross income from any such activity or business will count toward satisfaction of the 90% gross income, or qualifying income, requirement to be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we could seek a ruling from the IRS that gross income we earn from any such activity or business will be qualifying income. There can be no assurance, however, that the IRS would issue a favorable ruling under such circumstances. If we did not receive a favorable ruling, we could choose to engage in the activity or business through a corporate subsidiary, which would subject the income related to such activity or business to entity-level taxation. Except to the extent that we in the future request a ruling regarding the qualifying nature of our income from a particular activity or business, we do not intend to request a ruling from the IRS with respect to our treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes or any other matter affecting us.

If we were treated as a corporation, rather than as a partnership, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we would pay U.S. federal income tax on all of our taxable income at the corporate tax rate, which is currently a maximum of 35%, and would likely pay additional state and local income tax at varying rates. Distributions to our unitholders would generally be taxed again as corporate distributions, and no income, gains, losses, deductions or credits would flow through to our unitholders. Because a tax would be imposed upon us as a corporation, our cash available for distribution to our unitholders would be substantially reduced. Therefore, treatment of us as a corporation, rather than as a partnership, for U.S. federal income tax purposes would result in a material reduction in the anticipated cash flow and after-tax return to our unitholders, likely causing a substantial reduction in the value of our common units.

The tax treatment of publicly traded partnerships or an investment in our common units could be subject to potential legislative, judicial or administrative changes and differing interpretations, possibly on a retroactive basis.

The present U.S. federal income tax treatment of publicly traded partnerships, including us, or an investment in our common units may be modified by legislation or judicial or administrative ruling or interpretation at any time. Current law may change to cause us to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise subject us to entity-level taxation. The current administration and, members of Congress have recently considered substantive changes to the existing U.S. federal income tax laws that would, adversely affect the tax treatment of publicly traded partnerships. Any modification to the U.S. federal income tax laws or interpretations thereof may or may not be applied retroactively and could make it more difficult or impossible for certain publicly traded partnerships to be treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax

 

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purposes. We are unable to predict whether any of these changes or other proposals will ultimately be enacted. Any such changes could cause a substantial reduction in the value of our common units.

At the state level, several states are evaluating ways to subject partnerships to entity-level taxation through the imposition of state income, franchise or other forms of taxation. Specifically, we are required to pay Texas franchise tax each year at a maximum effective rate of 0.7% of our gross income apportioned to Texas in the prior year. Imposition of this or a similar tax by Texas and, if applicable, by any other state in which we do business will reduce our cash available for distribution to our unitholders. Although the considered legislation would not appear to affect our treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we are unable to predict whether any of these changes, or other proposals will ultimately be enacted. Any such changes could cause a substantial reduction in the value of our common units.

If the IRS contests the U.S. federal income tax positions we take, the market for our common units may be materially and adversely impacted, and the cost of any IRS contest will reduce our cash available for distribution to our unitholders.

Except to the extent that we, in the future, request a ruling regarding the qualifying nature of our income, we have not and do not intend to request a ruling from the IRS with respect to our treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes or any other matter affecting us. The IRS may adopt positions that differ from the positions we take, and the IRS’s positions may ultimately be sustained. It may be necessary to resort to administrative or court proceedings to sustain some or all of the positions we take. A court may not agree with some or all of the positions we take. Any contest with the IRS may materially and adversely impact the market for our common units and the price at which they trade. In addition, our costs of any contest with the IRS will be borne indirectly by our unitholders because the costs will reduce our cash available for distribution.

A unitholder’s share of our income is taxable for U.S. federal income tax purposes even if the unitholder does not receive any cash distributions from us.

Our unitholders are treated as partners to whom we allocate taxable income that could be different in amount than the cash we distribute. A unitholder’s allocable share of our taxable income is taxable to the unitholder, which may require the payment of U.S. federal income taxes and, in some cases, state and local income taxes on the unitholder’s share of our taxable income, even if no cash distributions are received from us. Unitholders may not receive cash distributions from us equal to their share of our taxable income or even equal to the actual tax liability that results from that income.

Tax gain or loss on the disposition of our common units could be more or less than expected.

If our unitholders sell common units, they will recognize a gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes equal to the difference between the amount realized and their tax basis in those common units. Because distributions in excess of their allocable share of our net taxable income decrease their tax basis in their common units, the amount, if any, of such prior excess distributions with respect to the common units our unitholders sell will, in effect, become taxable income to our unitholders if they sell such common units at a price greater than their tax basis in those common units, even if the price they receive is less than their original cost. Furthermore, a substantial portion of the amount realized, whether or not representing gain, may be taxed as ordinary income due to potential recapture items, including depreciation recapture. In addition, because the amount realized includes a unitholder’s share of our nonrecourse liabilities, if our unitholders sell common units, they may incur a tax liability in excess of the amount of cash the unitholders receive from the sale.

Tax-exempt entities and non-U.S. persons face unique tax issues from owning our common units that may result in adverse tax consequences to them.

Investment in our common units by tax-exempt entities, such as employee benefit plans and individual retirement accounts (known as IRAs), and non-U.S. persons, raises issues unique to them. For example, virtually

 

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all of our income allocated to organizations that are exempt from U.S. federal income tax, including IRAs and other retirement plans, will be unrelated business taxable income and will be taxable to them. Distributions to non-U.S. persons will be reduced by withholding taxes at the highest applicable effective tax rate, and non-U.S. persons will be required to file U.S. federal income tax returns and pay tax on their share of our taxable income.

We treat each purchaser of our common units as having the same tax benefits without regard to the actual common units purchased. The IRS may challenge this treatment, which could adversely affect the value of our common units.

Due to our inability to match transferors and transferees of common units, we have adopted depreciation and amortization positions that may not conform to all aspects of existing Treasury Regulations promulgated under the Internal Revenue Code, referred to as “Treasury Regulations.” A successful IRS challenge to those positions could adversely affect the amount of tax benefits available to our unitholders. It also could affect the timing of these tax benefits or the amount of gain from the sale of common units and could cause a substantial reduction in the value of our common units or result in audit adjustments to our unitholders’ tax returns.

We prorate our items of income, gain, loss and deduction, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, between transferors and transferees of our common units each month based upon the ownership of our common units on the first day of each month, instead of on the basis of the date a particular common unit is transferred. The IRS may challenge this treatment, which could change the allocation of items of income, gain, loss and deduction among our unitholders.

We prorate our items of income, gain, loss and deduction between transferors and transferees of our common units each month based upon the ownership of our common units on the first day of each month, instead of on the basis of the date a particular common unit is transferred. The use of this proration method may not be permitted under existing Treasury Regulations. The U.S. Treasury Department has issued proposed Treasury Regulations that provide a safe harbor pursuant to which publicly traded partnerships may use a similar monthly simplifying convention to allocate tax items among transferor and transferee unitholders. Nonetheless, the proposed regulations do not specifically authorize the use of the proration method we have adopted. If the IRS were to challenge our proration method or new Treasury Regulations were issued requiring a change, we may be required to change the allocation of items of income, gain, loss and deduction among our unitholders. Counsel has not rendered an opinion to us with respect to whether our monthly convention for allocating taxable income and losses is permitted by existing Treasury Regulations.

A unitholder whose common units are loaned to a “short seller” to cover a short sale of common units may be considered as having disposed of those common units. If so, the unitholder would no longer be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a partner with respect to those common units during the period of the loan and may recognize gain or loss from the disposition.

Because a unitholder whose common units are loaned to a “short seller” to cover a short sale of common units may be considered as having disposed of the loaned common units, he may no longer be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a partner with respect to those common units during the period of the loan to the short seller and the unitholder may recognize gain or loss from such disposition. Moreover, during the period of the loan to the short seller, any of our income, gain, loss or deduction with respect to those common units may not be reportable by the unitholder and any cash distributions received by the common unitholder as to those common units could be fully taxable as ordinary income.

The sale or exchange of 50% or more of our capital and profits interests during any twelve-month period will result in the termination of our partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

We will be considered to have technically terminated for U.S. federal income tax purposes if there is a sale or exchange of 50% or more of the total interests in our capital and profits within a twelve-month period. For purposes of determining whether the 50% threshold has been met, multiple sales of the same common unit will

 

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be counted only once. While we would continue our existence as a Delaware limited partnership, our technical termination would, among other things, result in the closing of our taxable year for all unitholders, which would result in us filing two tax returns (and our unitholders could receive two Schedules K-1) for one fiscal year and could result in a significant deferral of depreciation deductions allowable in computing our taxable income. In the case of a unitholder reporting on a taxable year other than a fiscal year ending December 31, the closing of our taxable year may also result in more than one year of our taxable income or loss being includable in his taxable income for the year of termination. A technical termination currently would not affect our classification as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, but instead, we would be treated as a new partnership for such tax purposes. If treated as a new partnership, we must make new tax elections and could be subject to penalties if we are unable to determine that a technical termination occurred. The IRS has announced a relief procedure whereby a publicly traded partnership that has technically terminated may request special relief that, if granted, would permit the partnership to provide only a single Schedule K-1 to unitholders for the tax years in which the termination occurs.

Unitholders are likely to be subject to state and local taxes and return filing requirements in jurisdictions where they do not live as a result of investing in our common units.

In addition to U.S. federal income taxes, unitholders are likely to be subject to other taxes, including state and local taxes, unincorporated business taxes and estate, inheritance or intangible taxes that are imposed by the various jurisdictions in which we do business or control property now or in the future, even if they do not live in any of those jurisdictions. Unitholders are likely required to file state and local income tax returns and pay state and local income taxes in some or all of these various jurisdictions. Further, unitholders may be subject to penalties for failure to comply with those requirements. We currently own assets and conduct business in Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska and Texas. Kansas, Missouri and Nebraska currently impose a personal income tax on individuals. Kansas, Missouri and Nebraska also impose an income tax on corporations and other entities. Texas currently imposes a franchise tax on corporations and other entities. As we make acquisitions or expand our business, we may own or control assets or conduct business in additional states that impose a personal income tax. It is the responsibility of each unitholder to file all U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. tax returns.

 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

 

Item 2. Properties

We own one facility, our 60-acre nitrogen fertilizer plant, which is located in Coffeyville, Kansas. Our executive offices are located at 2277 Plaza Drive in Sugar Land, Texas, with administrative office in Kansas City, Kansas. The offices in Sugar Land and Kansas City are leased by a subsidiary of CVR Energy and we pay a pro rata share of the rent on those offices. We believe that our owned facility, together with CVR Energy’s leased facilities, will be sufficient for our needs over the next twelve months.

We have entered into a cross-easement agreement with CVR Energy so that both we and CVR Energy are able to access and utilize each other’s land in certain circumstances in order to operate our respective businesses in a manner to provide flexibility for both parties to develop their respective properties, without depriving either party of the benefits associated with the continuous reasonable use of the other party’s property. For more information on this cross-easement agreement, see “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence.”

In October 2011, the board of directors of our general partner approved a UAN terminal project, which will include the construction of a two million gallon UAN storage tank and related truck and rail car load-out facilities, to enable us to distribute up to approximately 20,000 tons of UAN fertilizer annually. The property that this terminal will be constructed on is located in Phillipsburg, Kansas and is owned by a subsidiary of CVR Energy who will also operate the terminal.

 

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Item 3. Legal Proceedings

We are, and will continue to be, subject to litigation from time to time in the ordinary course of our business. We are not party to any pending legal proceedings that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our business, and there are no existing legal proceedings where we believe that the reasonably possible loss or range of loss is material.

CRNF received a ten year property tax abatement from Montgomery County, Kansas in connection with the construction of the nitrogen fertilizer plant that expired on December 31, 2007. In connection with the expiration of the abatement, the county reassessed CRNF’s nitrogen fertilizer plant and classified the nitrogen fertilizer plant as almost entirely real property instead of almost entirely personal property. The reassessment resulted in an increase in CRNF’s annual property tax expense by an average of approximately $10.7 million per year for the years ended December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2009, $11.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 and $11.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. CRNF does not agree with the county’s classification of its nitrogen fertilizer plant and has been disputing it before the Kansas Court of Tax Appeals, or COTA. However, CRNF has fully accrued and paid the property taxes the county claims are owed for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, and has fully accrued such amounts for the year ended December 31, 2011. The first payment in respect of CRNF’s 2011 property taxes was paid in December 2011 and the second payment will be made in May 2012. This property tax expense is reflected as a direct operating expense in our financial results. In January 2012 COTA issued a ruling indicating that the assessment in 2008 of CRNF’s fertilizer plant as almost entirely real property instead of almost entirely personal property was appropriate. CRNF disagrees with the ruling and filed a petition for reconsideration with COTA (which was denied) and plans to file an appeal to the Kansas Court of Appeals. CRNF is also protesting the valuation of the CRNF fertilizer plant for tax years 2009 through 2011, which cases remain pending before COTA. If CRNF is successful in having the nitrogen fertilizer plant reclassified as personal property, in whole or in part, then a portion of the accrued and paid expenses would be refunded to CRNF, which could have a material positive effect on our results of operations. If CRNF is not successful in having the nitrogen fertilizer plant reclassified as personal property, in whole or in part, then CRNF expects that it will continue to pay property taxes at elevated rates.

 

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

 

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PART II

Item 5.     Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Use of Proceeds from Initial Public Offering

On April 13, 2011, we completed the Initial Public Offering, pursuant to which 22,080,000 common units, representing approximately 30% of the limited partner interests in the Partnership, were sold to the public at a price of $16.00 per common unit. The net proceeds to CVR Partners from the Initial Public Offering were approximately $324.2 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. Approximately $104.0 million of the net proceeds were to be used to fund the approximately $135.0 million UAN expansion, of which approximately $43.6 million had been spent as of December 31, 2011.

Market Information

Our common units are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “UAN” and commenced trading on April 8, 2011. The table below sets forth, for the quarter indicated, the high and low sales prices per share of our common units:

 

2011:

   High      Low  

Second Quarter

   $ 23.37       $ 16.75   

Third Quarter

     27.75         19.47   

Fourth Quarter

     26.49         18.66   

There were 9 holders of record of UAN common units as of February 17, 2012.

Cash Distribution Policy

Our general partner’s current policy is to distribute all of the available cash we generate each quarter. Available cash for each quarter is determined by the board of directors of our general partner following the end of such quarter. Available cash for each quarter generally equals our cash flow from operations for the quarter, less cash needed for maintenance capital expenditures, debt service and other contractual obligations and reserves for future operating or capital needs that the board of directors of our general partner deems necessary or appropriate. We do not maintain excess distribution coverage for the purpose of maintaining stability or growth in our quarterly distribution or otherwise to reserve cash for distributions, nor do we intend to incur debt to pay quarterly distributions. We expect to finance substantially all of our growth externally, either by debt issuances or additional issuances of equity.

Because our policy is to distribute all available cash we generate each quarter, without reserving cash for future distributions or borrowing to pay distributions during periods of low cash flow from operations, our unitholders have direct exposure to fluctuations in the amount of cash generated by our business. We expect that the amount of our quarterly distributions, if any, will vary based on our operating cash flow during each quarter. Our quarterly cash distributions, if any, will not be stable and will vary from quarter to quarter as a direct result of variations in our operating performance and cash flow caused by fluctuations in the price of nitrogen fertilizers as well as forward and prepaid sales; see “Business – Distribution, Sales and Marketing.” Such variations may be significant. The board of directors of our general partner may change the foregoing distribution policy at any time and from time to time. Our partnership agreement does not require us to pay cash distributions on a quarterly or other basis.

From time to time, we make prepaid sales, whereby we receive cash during one quarter in respect of product to be produced and sold in a future quarter, but we do not record revenue in respect of the cash received until the quarter when product is delivered.

 

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We intend to pay our distributions on or about the 15th day of each February, May, August and November to holders of record on or about the 1st day of each such month.

On August 12, 2011, the Partnership paid out a cash distribution to the Partnership’s unitholders of record at the close of business on August 5, 2011 for the second quarter of 2011 in the amount of $0.407 per unit, or $29.7 million in aggregate.

On November 14, 2011, the Partnership paid out a cash distribution to the Partnership’s unitholders of record at the close of business on November 7, 2011 for the third quarter of 2011 in the amount of $0.572 per unit, or $41.8 million in aggregate.

On February 14, 2012, the Partnership paid out a cash distribution to the Partnership’s unitholders of record at the close of business on February 7, 2012 four the fourth quarter of 2011 in the amount of $0.588 per unit, or $42.9 million in aggregate.

The Partnership did not make quarterly distributions to unitholders prior to the closing of our initial public offering on April 13, 2012.

CVR Partners, LP, Long-Term Incentive Plan (“CVR Partners LTIP”)

In connection with the Offering, the board of directors of the general partner adopted the CVR Partners, LP Long-Term Incentive Plan, or CVR Partners LTIP . Individuals who are eligible to receive awards under the CVR Partners LTIP include employees, officers, consultants and directors of CVR Partners and the general partner and their respective subsidiaries and parents. The CVR Partners LTIP provides for the grant of options, unit appreciation rights, distribution equivalent rights, restricted units, phantom units and other unit-based awards, each in respect of common units. A maximum of 5,000,000 common units are issuable under the CVR Partners LTIP.

Equity Compensation Plan

The table below contains information about securities authorized for issuance under our CVR Partners LTIP as of December 31, 2011. The CVR Partners LTIP was approved by the board of directors of our general partner in March 2011.

 

Equity Compensation Plan Information

 

Plan Category

   Number of Securities to be
Issued Upon Vesting
    Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of

Outstanding
Securities
    Number of Securities
Remaining Available for
Future Issuance Under Equity
Compensation Plans (Excluding
Securities Reflected in (a) (c))
 

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders:

      

CVR Partners, LP Long- Term Incentive Plan

     164,571 (1)              — (2)      4,799,353 (3) 

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders:

      

None

                     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     164,571               4,799,353   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) Represents common and phantom units awarded under the CVR Partners LTIP.

 

(2) Units do not have an exercise price. Payout is based on completing a specified period of employment.

 

(3) Represents units that remain available for future issuance pursuant to the CVR Partners LTIP in connection with awards of options, unit appreciation rights, distribution equivalent rights, restricted units and phantom units. As of December 31, 2011, 200,647 non-vested common and phantom units had been granted under the CVR Partners LTIP, of which no common or phantom units have been forfeited and 164,571 remain unvested.

 

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Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer

The table below sets forth information regarding repurchases of our common units during the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2011. These represent common units that employees and directors elected to surrender to the Company to satisfy certain minimum tax withholding and other tax obligations upon the vesting of units. The Company does not consider this to be a unit buyback program.

 

Period

   Total Number of Units
Purchased
     Average Price Paid per
Units
     Total Number of  Units
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
     Maximum Number  (or
Approximate Dollar
Value) of Units that May
Yet Be Purchased Under
the Plans or Programs
 

October 1, 2011 to October 31, 2011

     4,412       $ 23.30                 —                 —   

November 1, 2011 to November 30, 2011

                               

December 1, 2011 to December 31, 2011

     728       $  24.82                   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     5,140       $  23.52                   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Item 6.      Selected Financial Data

This data should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Report.

The selected consolidated financial information presented below under the caption Statement of Operations Data for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 and the selected consolidated financial information presented below under the caption Balance Sheet Data as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, has been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report, which consolidated financial statements have been audited by KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm. The selected consolidated financial information presented below under the caption Statement of Operations Data for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the selected consolidated financial information presented below under the caption Balance Sheet Data as of December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements that are not included in this Report.

The following schedules show our selected financial and operating data for the periods indicated, which are derived from our consolidated financial statements. On April 13, 2011, we completed our initial public offering of 22,080,000 common units. A portion of our fiscal year 2011 results prior to our initial public offering are included in the total 2011 results presented herein. The Partnership has omitted net income per unit for all periods other than the twelve months ended December 31, 2011, as the Partnership operated under a different capital structure prior to the closing of the Partnership’s initial public offering and, as a result, the per unit data would not be meaningful to investors. Per unit data for the twelve months ending December 31, 2011 is calculated since the closing of the Partnership’s initial public offering on April 13, 2011.

Our consolidated financial statements include certain costs of CVR Energy that were incurred on our behalf. These costs, which are reflected in selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) and direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization), are billed to us pursuant to a services agreement entered into in October 2007 that is a related party transaction. For the period of time prior to the services agreement, the consolidated financial statements include an allocation of costs and certain other amounts in order to account for a reasonable share of expenses, so that the accompanying

 

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consolidated financial statements reflect substantially all of our costs of doing business. The amounts charged or allocated to us are not necessarily indicative of the costs that we would have incurred had we operated as a stand-alone company for all periods presented.

 

    Year Ended December 31,  
    2011     2010     2009     2008     2007  
   

(dollars in millions, except per unit data and as

otherwise indicated)

 

Statement of Operations Data:

         

Net sales(1)

  $ 302.9      $ 180.5      $ 208.4      $ 263.0      $ 187.4   

Cost of product sold — Affiliates(2)

    11.7        5.8        9.5        11.1        4.5   

Cost of product sold — Third parties(2)

    30.8        28.5        32.7        21.5        28.6   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    42.5        34.3        42.2        32.6        33.1   

Direct operating expenses — Affiliates(2)(3)

    1.2        2.3        2.1        0.4        2.2   

Direct operating expenses — Third parties(2)

    85.3        84.4        82.4        85.7        64.5   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    86.5        86.7        84.5        86.1        66.7   

Insurance recovery – business interruption

    (3.4                            

Selling, general and administrative expenses — Affiliate (2)(3)

    16.5        16.7        12.3        1.1        18.1   

Selling, general and administrative expenses — Third parties(2)

    5.7        3.9        1.8        8.4        2.3   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    22.2        20.6        14.1        9.5        20.4   

Net costs associated with flood(4)

                                2.4   

Depreciation and amortization(5)

    18.9        18.5        18.7        18.0        16.8   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

  $ 136.2      $ 20.4      $ 48.9      $ 116.8      $ 48.0   

Interest expense and other financing costs

    (4.0                          (23.6

Interest income(6)

           13.1        9.0        2.0        0.3   

Other income (expense), net(7)

    0.2        (0.2            0.1        (0.1

Loss on derivatives, net

                                (0.5
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

  $ 132.4      $ 33.3      $ 57.9      $ 118.9      $ 24.1   

Income tax expense

                                  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

  $ 132.4      $ 33.3      $ 57.9      $ 118.9      $ 24.1   

Available cash for distribution(8)

  $ 114.4                               

Net income per common unit – basic(9)

  $ 1.48                               

Net income per common unit – diluted(9)

  $ 1.48                               

Weighted-average common units outstanding:

         

Basic

    73,008                               

Diluted

    73,073                               
    As of December 31,  
    2011     2010     2009     2008     2007  
    (dollars in millions)  

Balance Sheet Data:

         

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 237.0      $ 42.7      $ 5.4      $ 9.1      $ 14.5   

Working capital

    229.4        27.1        135.5        60.4        7.5   

Total assets

    659.3        452.2        551.5        499.9        429.9   

Total debt, including current portion

    125.0                               

Partners capital

    489.5        402.2        519.9        458.8        400.5   

 

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     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009     2008     2007  

Cash Flow and Other Data:

          

Net cash flow provided by (used in):

          

Operating activities

   $ 139.8      $ 75.9      $ 85.5      $ 123.5      $ 46.5   

Investing activities

     (16.4     (9.0     (13.4     (23.5     (6.5

Financing activities

     70.8        (29.6     (75.8     (105.3     (25.5

Capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment

     19.1        10.1        13.4        23.5        6.5   

Depreciation and amortization

     18.9        18.5        18.7        18.0        16.8   

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009     2008     2007  

Key Operating Data:

          

Production volume (thousand tons):

          

Ammonia (gross produced)(10)

     411.2        392.7        435.2        359.1        326.7   

Ammonia (net available for sale)(10)

     116.8        155.6        156.6        112.5        91.8   

UAN (tons in thousands)

     714.1        578.3        677.7        599.2        576.9   

Pet coke consumed (thousand tons)

     517.3        436.3        483.5        451.9        449.8   

Pet coke (cost per ton)

   $ 33      $ 17      $ 27      $ 31      $ 30   

Sales (thousand tons):

          

Ammonia

     112.8        164.7        159.9        99.4        92.1   

UAN

     709.3        580.7        686.0        594.2        555.4   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total sales

     822.1        745.4        845.9        693.6        647.5   

Product pricing (plant gate) (dollars per ton)(11):

          

Ammonia

     579        361        314        557        376   

UAN

     284        179        198        303        211   

On-stream factors(12):

          

Gasifier

     99.0     89.0     97.4     87.8     90.0

Ammonia

     97.7     87.7     96.5     86.2     87.7

UAN

     95.5     80.8     94.1     83.4     78.7

Reconciliation to net sales (in millions):

          

Freight in revenue

     22.1        17.0        21.3        18.9        13.9   

Hydrogen and other gases revenue

     14.2        0.1        0.8        9.0          

Sales net plant gate

     266.6        163.4        186.3        235.1        152.0   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total net sales

     302.9        180.5        208.4        263.0        165.9   

Market Indicators:

          

Natural gas NYMEX (dollars per MMBtu)

     4.03        4.38        4.16        8.91        7.12   

Ammonia — Southern Plans (dollars per ton)

     619        437        306        707        409   

UAN — Mid Corn belt (dollars per ton)

     379        266        218        422        288   

 

(1) Below are the components of Net sales:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  

Reconciliation to net sales (in millions):

              

Sales net plant gate

   $ 266.6       $ 163.4       $ 186.3       $ 235.1       $ 155.3   

Freight in revenue

     22.1         17.0         21.3         18.9         17.8   

Hydrogen and other gases revenue

     14.2         0.1         0.8         9.0         14.3   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total net sales

   $ 302.9       $ 180.5       $ 208.4       $ 263.0       $ 187.4   

 

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(2) Amounts are shown exclusive of depreciation and amortization.

 

(3) Our direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) and selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008 and 2007 include a charge related to CVR Energy’s share-based compensation expense allocated to us by CVR Energy for financial reporting purposes in accordance with ASC 718. These charges will continue to be attributed to us. We are not responsible for the payment of cash related to any share-based compensation allocated to us by CVR Energy. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies — Share-Based Compensation.” The amounts were:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2010      2009      2008     2007  
     (in millions)  

Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

   $ 0.5       $ 0.7       $ 0.2       $ (1.6   $ 1.2   

Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

     6.8         8.3         3.0         (9.0     9.7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ 7.3       $ 9.0       $ 3.2       $ (10.6   $ 10.9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(4) Total gross costs recorded as a result of the flood damage to our nitrogen fertilizer plant for the year ended December 31, 2007 were approximately $5.8 million, including approximately $0.8 million recorded for depreciation for temporarily idle facilities, $0.7 million for internal salaries and $4.3 million for other repairs and related costs. An insurance receivable of approximately $3.3 million was also recorded for the year December 31, 2007 for the probable recovery of such costs under CVR Energy’s insurance policies.

 

(5) Depreciation and amortization is comprised of the following components as excluded from direct operating expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses and as included in net costs associated with flood:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (in millions)  

Depreciation and amortization excluded from direct operating expenses

   $ 18.8       $ 18.5       $ 18.7       $ 18.0       $ 16.8   

Depreciation and amortization excluded from cost of product sold

     0.1                                   

Depreciation included in net costs associated with flood

                                     0.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total depreciation and amortization

   $ 18.9       $ 18.5       $ 18.7       $ 18.0       $ 17.6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(6) Interest income for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 is primarily attributable to a due from affiliate balance owed to us by Coffeyville Resources as a result of affiliate loans. The due from affiliate balance was distributed to Coffeyville Resources in December 2010. Accordingly, such amounts are no longer owed to us.

 

(7) Includes loss on extinguishment of debt for the year December 31, 2007.

 

(8) We define available cash for distribution generally as equal to our cash flow from operations for the quarter, less cash needed for maintenance capital expenditures, debt service and other contractual obligations, and reserves for future operating or capital needs that our board of directors of our general partner deems necessary or appropriate. For the year ended December 31, 2011, available cash for distribution is calculated for the period beginning at the closing of our Initial Public Offering (April 13, 2011) through December 31, 2011. The Partnership also retains the cash on hand associated with prepaid sales at each quarter end for future distribution to common unitholders based upon the recognition into income of the prepaid sales as product is delivered.

 

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(9) We have omitted earnings per share through the date CRNF, our operating subsidiary, was contributed to us because during those periods we operated under a divisional equity structure. We have omitted net income per unitholder during the period we operated as a partnership through the closing of our Initial Public Offering because during those periods we operated under a different capital structure than what we are operating under following the closing of our Initial Public Offering, and, therefore, the information is not meaningful. Per unit data for the twelve months ending December 31, 2011 is calculated for the period beginning at the closing of our Initial Public Offering (April 13, 2011) through December 31, 2011.

 

(10) The gross tons produced for ammonia represent the total ammonia produced, including ammonia produced that was upgraded into UAN. The net tons available for sale represent the ammonia available for sale that was not upgraded into UAN.

 

(11) Plant gate sales per ton represent net sales less freight and hydrogen revenue divided by product sales volume in tons in the reporting period. Plant gate pricing per ton is shown in order to provide a pricing measure that is comparable across the fertilizer industry.

 

(12) On-stream factor is the total number of hours operated divided by the total number of hours in the reporting period. Excluding the impact of the Linde air separation unit outage, the on-stream factors for the year ended December 31, 2011 was 99.2% for gasifier, 98.0% for ammonia and 95.7% for UAN. Excluding the impact of the Linde air separation unit outage, the rupture of the high-pressure UAN vessel and the major scheduled turnaround, the on-stream factors for the year ended December 31, 2010 would have been 97.6% for gasifier, 96.8% for ammonia and 96.1% for UAN. Excluding the Linde air separation unit outage in 2009, the on-stream factors would have been 99.3% for gasifier, 98.4% for ammonia and 96.1% for UAN for the year ended December 31, 2009. Excluding the turnaround performed in 2008, the on-stream factors would have been 91.7% for gasifier, 90.2% for ammonia and 87.4% for UAN for the year ended December 31, 2008. Excluding the impact of the flood in 2007, the on-stream factors would have been 94.6% for gasifier, 92.4% for ammonia and 83.9% for UAN for the year ended December 31, 2007.

Item 7.      Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Report.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, contains “forward-looking statements” as defined by the SEC. Such statements are those concerning contemplated transactions and strategic plans, expectations and objectives for future operations. These include, without limitation:

 

   

statements, other than statements of historical fact, that address activities, events or developments that we expect, believe or anticipate will or may occur in the future;

 

   

statements relating to future financial performance, future capital sources and other matters; and

 

   

any other statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words “anticipates,” “believes,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “estimates,” “projects,” “could,” “should,” “may,” or similar expressions.

 

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Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by the forward-looking statements we make in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, are reasonable, we can give no assurance that such plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. These statements are based on assumptions made by us based on our experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors that we believe are appropriate in the circumstances. Such statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. You are cautioned that any such statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results or developments may differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including but not limited to those set forth under the section captioned “Risk Factors” and contained elsewhere in this report. Such factors include, among others:

 

   

our ability to make cash distributions on the units;

 

   

the volatile nature of our business and the variable nature of our distributions;

 

   

the ability of our general partner to modify or revoke our distribution policy at any time;

 

   

the cyclical nature of our business;

 

   

adverse weather conditions, including potential floods and other natural disasters;

 

   

the seasonal nature of our business;

 

   

the dependence of our operations on a few third-party suppliers, including providers of transportation services and equipment;

 

   

our reliance on pet coke that we purchase from CVR Energy;

 

   

the supply and price levels of essential raw materials;

 

   

the risk of a material decline in production at our nitrogen fertilizer plant;

 

   

potential operating hazards from accidents, fire, severe weather, floods or other natural disasters;

 

   

the risk associated with governmental policies affecting the agricultural industry;

 

   

competition in the nitrogen fertilizer businesses;

 

   

capital expenditures and potential liabilities arising from environmental laws and regulations;

 

   

existing and proposed environmental laws and regulations, including those relating to climate change, alternative energy or fuel sources, and on the end-use and application of fertilizers;

 

   

new regulations concerning the transportation of hazardous chemicals, risks of terrorism and the security of chemical manufacturing facilities;

 

   

our lack of asset diversification;

 

   

our dependence on significant customers;

 

   

the potential loss of our transportation cost advantage over our competitors;

 

   

our potential inability to successfully implement our business strategies, including the completion of significant capital programs;

 

   

our reliance on CVR Energy’s senior management team and conflicts of interest they face operating both us and CVR Energy;

 

   

risks relating to evaluations of internal controls required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act;

 

   

risks relating to our relationships with CVR Energy;

 

   

control of our general partner by CVR Energy;

 

   

our ability to continue to license the technology used in our operations;

 

   

restrictions in our debt agreements;

 

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our limited operating history as a stand-alone company;

 

   

changes in our treatment as a partnership for U.S. income or state tax purposes; and

 

   

instability and volatility in the capital and credit markets.

All forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-K speak only as of the date of this document. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that occur after the date of this Form 10-K, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

Overview and Executive Summary

We are a Delaware limited partnership formed by CVR Energy to own, operate and grow our nitrogen fertilizer business. Strategically located adjacent to CVR Energy’s refinery in Coffeyville, Kansas, our nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing facility is the only operation in North America that utilizes a petroleum coke, or pet coke, gasification process to produce nitrogen fertilizer.

We produce and distribute nitrogen fertilizer products, which are used primarily by farmers to improve the yield and quality of their crops. Our principal products are ammonia and UAN. These products are manufactured at our facility in Coffeyville, Kansas. Our product sales are heavily weighted toward UAN and all of our products are sold on a wholesale basis.

Our facility includes a 1,225 ton-per-day ammonia unit, a 2,025 ton-per-day UAN unit, and a gasifier complex having a capacity of 84 million standard cubic feet per day. Our gasifier is a dual-train facility, with each gasifier able to function independently of the other, thereby providing redundancy and improving our reliability. We upgrade a majority of the ammonia we produce to higher margin UAN fertilizer, an aqueous solution of urea and ammonium nitrate which has historically commanded a premium price over ammonia. In 2011, we produced 411,189 tons of ammonia, of which approximately 72% was upgraded into 714,130 tons of UAN.

We are expanding our existing asset base and utilizing the experience of our and CVR Energy’s management teams to execute our growth strategy, which includes expanding production of UAN and acquiring and building additional infrastructure and production assets. A significant two-year plant expansion designed to increase our UAN production capacity by 400,000 tons, or approximately 50%, per year, is underway. CVR Energy, a New York Stock Exchange listed company, which indirectly owns our general partner and approximately 70.0% of our outstanding common units, currently operates a 115,000 bpd oil refinery in Coffeyville, Kansas, a 70,000 bpd oil refinery in Wynnewood, Oklahoma, and ancillary businesses. On February 13, 2012, CVR Energy announced its intention to sell a portion of its common unit holdings in CVR Partners. There can be no assurance as to the terms, conditions, amount or timing of such offering, or whether such offering will take place at all. This announcement does not constitute an offer of any securities for sale and is being made pursuant to and in accordance with Rule 135 under the Securities Act.

The primary raw material feedstock utilized in our nitrogen fertilizer production process is pet coke, which is produced during the crude oil refining process. In contrast, substantially all of our nitrogen fertilizer competitors use natural gas as their primary raw material feedstock. Historically, pet coke has been less expensive than natural gas on a per ton of fertilizer produced basis and pet coke prices have been more stable when compared to natural gas prices. By using pet coke as the primary raw material feedstock instead of natural gas, we believe our nitrogen fertilizer business has historically been one of the lower cost producers and marketers of ammonia and UAN fertilizers in North America. We currently purchase most of our pet coke from CVR Energy pursuant to a long-term agreement having an initial term that ends in 2027, subject to renewal. During the past five years, over 70% of the pet coke consumed by our plant was produced and supplied by CVR Energy’s Coffeyville, Kansas crude oil refinery.

 

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Our History

We were formed by CVR Energy in June 2007 in order to hold its nitrogen fertilizer business in a structure that might be separately financed in the future as a limited partnership. In October 2007, in consideration for CVR Energy contributing nitrogen fertilizer business to us, CVR Special GP, LLC, a subsidiary of CVR Energy, acquired 30,303,000 special GP units and CVR GP, a subsidiary of CVR Energy at that time, acquired the general partner interest and the Partnership’s Incentive Distribution Rights (IDRs), CVR Energy concurrently sold our general partner, together with the IDRs to Coffeyville Acquisition III LLC (“CALLC III”), an entity owned by funds affiliated with Goldman Sachs & Co, Kelso & Company, L.P. and certain members of CVR Energy’s senior management team, for its fair market value on the date of sale.

Our Initial Public Offering

On April 13, 2011, we completed our Initial Public Offering of 22,080,000 common units priced at $16.00 per unit. The net proceeds to us from the Initial Public Offering were approximately $324.2 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. The net proceeds from our Initial Public Offering were used as follows: approximately $18.4 million was used to make a distribution to CRLLC in satisfaction of the Partnership’s obligation to reimburse CRLLC for certain capital expenditures it made on our behalf; approximately $117.1 million was used to make a special distribution to CRLLC in order to, among other things, fund the offer to purchase CRLLC’s senior secured notes required upon consummation of our Initial Public Offering; approximately $26.0 million was used to purchase (and subsequently extinguish) the IDRs owned by our general partner; approximately $4.8 million was used to pay financing fees and associated legal and professional fees resulting from our credit facility; and the balance was used for or will be used for general partnership purposes, including approximately $104.0 million to fund the expected capital costs of the continuation of our $135.0 million UAN expansion. As of December 31, 2011, approximately $43.6 million had been spent on this UAN expansion.

Major Influences on Results of Operations

Our earnings and cash flows from operations are primarily affected by the relationship between nitrogen fertilizer product prices, on-stream factors and direct operating expenses. Unlike our competitors, we do not use natural gas as a feedstock and use a minimal amount of natural gas as an energy source in our operations. As a result, volatile swings in natural gas prices have a minimal impact on our results of operations. Instead, CVR Energy’s adjacent refinery supplies us with most of the pet coke feedstock we need pursuant to a long-term pet coke supply agreement entered into in October 2007. The price at which our products are ultimately sold depends on numerous factors, including the global supply and demand for nitrogen fertilizer products which, in turn, depends on, among other factors, world grain demand and production levels, changes in world population, the cost and availability of fertilizer transportation infrastructure, weather conditions, the availability of imports, and the extent of government intervention in agriculture markets.

Nitrogen fertilizer prices are also affected by local factors, including local market conditions and the operating levels of competing facilities. An expansion or upgrade of competitors’ facilities, international political and economic developments and other factors are likely to continue to play an important role in nitrogen fertilizer industry economics. These factors can impact, among other things, the level of inventories in the market, resulting in price volatility and a reduction in product margins. Moreover, the industry typically experiences seasonal fluctuations in demand for nitrogen fertilizer products.

In addition, the demand for fertilizers is affected by the aggregate crop planting decisions and fertilizer application rate decisions of individual farmers. Individual farmers make planting decisions based largely on the prospective profitability of a harvest, while the specific varieties and amounts of fertilizer they apply depend on factors like crop prices, their current liquidity, soil conditions, weather patterns and the types of crops planted.

 

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Natural gas is the most significant raw material required in our competitors’ production of nitrogen fertilizers. Over the past several years, natural gas prices have experienced high levels of price volatility although natural gas prices are currently substantially lower than historical highs. This pricing and volatility has a direct impact on our competitors’ cost of producing nitrogen fertilizer.

In order to assess our operating performance, we calculate plant gate price to determine our operating margin. Plant gate price refers to the unit price of fertilizer, in dollars per ton, offered on a delivered basis, excluding shipment costs.

We and other competitors in the U.S. farm belt share a significant transportation cost advantage when compared to our out-of-region competitors in serving the U.S. farm belt agricultural market. In 2011, approximately 56% of the corn planted in the United States was grown within a $40/UAN ton freight train rate of the nitrogen fertilizer plant. We are therefore able to cost-effectively sell substantially all of our products in the higher margin agricultural market, whereas a significant portion of our competitors’ revenues is derived from the lower margin industrial market. Our location on Union Pacific’s main line increases our transportation cost advantage by lowering the costs of bringing our products to customers, assuming freight rates and pipeline tariffs for U.S. Gulf Coast importers as recently in effect. Our products leave the plant either in trucks for direct shipment to customers or in railcars for destinations located principally on the Union Pacific Railroad and we do not currently incur any intermediate transfer, storage, barge freight or pipeline freight charges. We estimate that our plant enjoys a transportation cost advantage of approximately $25 per ton over competitors located in the U.S. Gulf Coast. Selling products to customers within economic rail transportation limits of the nitrogen fertilizer plant and keeping transportation costs low are keys to maintaining profitability.

The value of nitrogen fertilizer products is also an important consideration in understanding our results. For the year ended December 31, 2011, we upgraded approximately 72% of our ammonia production into UAN, a product that presently generates greater profit than ammonia. During 2010, we upgraded approximately 60% of our ammonia production into UAN. UAN production is a major contributor to our profitability.

The high fixed cost of our direct operating expense structure also directly affects our profitability. Our facility’s pet coke gasification process results in a significantly higher percentage of fixed costs than a natural gas-based fertilizer plant. Major fixed operating expenses include electrical energy, employee labor, maintenance, including contract labor, and outside services. These fixed costs averaged approximately 87% of direct operating expenses over the 24 months ended December 31, 2011.

Our largest raw material expense is pet coke, which we purchase from CVR Energy and third parties. For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, we spent approximately $16.8 million, $7.4 million and $12.8 million, respectively, for pet coke, which equaled an average cost per ton of $33, $17 and $27, respectively.

Consistent, safe, and reliable operations at our nitrogen fertilizer plant are critical to our financial performance and results of operations. Unplanned downtime of the plant may result in lost margin opportunity, increased maintenance expense and a temporary increase in working capital investment and related inventory position. The financial impact of planned downtime, such as major turnaround maintenance, is mitigated through a diligent planning process that takes into account margin environment, the availability of resources to perform the needed maintenance, feedstock logistics and other factors. The nitrogen fertilizer plant generally undergoes a facility turnaround every two years. The turnaround typically lasts 13-15 days each turnaround year and costs approximately $3 million to $5 million per turnaround. The nitrogen fertilizer plant underwent a turnaround in the fourth quarter of 2010, at a cost of approximately $3.5 million. The next turnaround is currently scheduled for the fourth quarter of 2012. In connection with the most recent biennial turnaround, the nitrogen fertilizer business also wrote-off approximately $1.4 million of fixed assets.

 

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Agreements with CVR Energy

In connection with our formation and the initial public offering of CVR Energy in October 2007, we entered into several agreements with CVR Energy and its affiliates that govern the business relations among us, CVR Energy and its affiliates, and our general partner. In connection with our Initial Public Offering in April 2011, we amended and restated certain of the intercompany agreements and entered into several new agreements with CVR Energy and its affiliates. These include the pet coke supply agreement under which we buy the pet coke we use in our nitrogen fertilizer plant; a services agreement, under which CVR Energy and its affiliates provide us with management services including the services of its senior management team; a feedstock and shared services agreement, which governs the provision of feedstocks, including hydrogen, high-pressure steam, nitrogen, instrument air, oxygen and natural gas; a raw water and facilities sharing agreement, which allocates raw water resources between the two businesses; an easement agreement; an environmental agreement; and a lease agreement pursuant to which we lease office space and laboratory space from CVR Energy.

We obtain most (over 70% on average during the last five years) of the pet coke we need from CVR Energy pursuant to the pet coke supply agreement, and procure the remainder on the open market. The price we pay pursuant to the pet coke supply agreement is based on the lesser of a pet coke price derived from the price received by us for UAN, or the UAN-based price, and a pet coke price index. The UAN-based price begins with a pet coke price of $25 per ton based on a price per ton for UAN (exclusive of transportation cost), or netback price, of $205 per ton, and adjusts up or down $0.50 per ton for every $1.00 change in the netback price. The UAN-based price has a ceiling of $40 per ton and a floor of $5 per ton.

The services agreement, which became effective in October 2007, resulted in charges of approximately $8.2 million, $8.5 million and $9.3 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively (excluding share-based compensation), included in selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Factors Affecting Comparability

Our historical results of operations for the periods presented may not be comparable with prior periods or to our results of operations in the future for the reasons discussed below.

Corporate Allocations

Our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report include certain costs of CVR Energy that were incurred on our behalf. These costs, which are reflected in selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) and direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization), are billed to us pursuant to a services agreement entered into in October 2007 (and amended and restated in April 2011) that is a related party transaction. For the period of time prior to the services agreement, the consolidated financial statements include an allocation of costs and certain other amounts in order to account for a reasonable share of expenses, so that the accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect substantially all of our costs of doing business.

Our financial statements reflect all of the expenses that Coffeyville Resources incurred on our behalf. Our financial statements therefore include certain expenses incurred by our parent which may include, but are not necessarily limited to, officer and employee salaries and share-based compensation, rent or depreciation, advertising, accounting, tax, legal and information technology services, other selling, general and administrative expenses, costs for defined contribution plans, medical and other employee benefits, and financing costs, including interest, marked-to-market changes in interest rate swap and losses on extinguishment of debt.

Selling, general and administrative expense allocations were based primarily on total fertilizer payroll as a percentage of the total fertilizer and petroleum segment payrolls. Property insurance costs were allocated based upon specific valuations.

 

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Publicly Traded Partnership Expenses

Our general and administrative expenses have increased due to the costs of operating as a publicly traded partnership, including costs associated with SEC reporting requirements, including annual and quarterly reports to unitholders, tax return and Schedule K-1 preparation and distribution, independent auditor fees, investor relations activities and registrar and transfer agent fees. We estimate that these incremental general and administrative expenses approximate $5.5 million per year, excluding the costs of the initial implementation of our Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 internal controls review and testing. Our financial statements do not reflect the impact of these expenses, except for the period subsequent to April 12, 2011, which affects the comparability of our post-Initial Public Offering results with our financial statements from periods prior to the completion of our Initial Public Offering.

September 2010 UAN Vessel Rupture

On September 30, 2010, our nitrogen fertilizer plant experienced an interruption in operations due to a rupture of a high-pressure UAN vessel. All operations at our nitrogen fertilizer facility were immediately shut down. No one was injured in the incident.

Our nitrogen fertilizer facility had previously scheduled a major turnaround to begin on October 5, 2010. To minimize disruption and impact to the production schedule, the turnaround was accelerated. The turnaround was completed on October 29, 2010 with the gasification and ammonia units in operation. The fertilizer facility restarted production of UAN on November 16, 2010 and, as of December 31, 2010, repairs to the facility as a result of the rupture were substantially complete. In addition to adversely impacting UAN sales in the fourth quarter of 2010, the outage caused us to shift delivery of lower priced tons from the fourth quarter of 2010 to the first and second quarters of 2011.

Total gross costs recorded as of December 31, 2011 due to the incident were approximately $11.4 million for repairs and maintenance and other associated costs. As of December 31, 2011, approximately $7.0 million of insurance proceeds have been received related to the property damage insurance claim. Of the costs incurred, approximately $4.6 million were capitalized. We also recognized income of approximately $3.4 million during 2011 from insurance proceeds received related to our business interruption policy. Approximately $0.5 million was received during the third quarter, with the remainder received in March and April 2011.

2010 and 2008 Turnarounds

During the fourth quarter of each of 2010 and 2008, we completed planned turnarounds of the nitrogen fertilizer plant at a total cost of approximately $3.5 million and $3.3 million, respectively. The majority of these costs were expensed in the fourth quarter of each year. In connection with the nitrogen fertilizer plant’s biennial turnaround, we also expensed approximately $1.4 million and $2.3 million associated with fixed assets retired with the turnarounds for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2008, respectively. No planned major turnaround activities occurred in 2011.

Fertilizer Plant Property Taxes

CRNF received a ten year property tax abatement from Montgomery County, Kansas in connection with the construction of the nitrogen fertilizer plant that expired on December 31, 2007. In connection with the expiration of the abatement, the county reassessed CRNF’s nitrogen fertilizer plant and classified the nitrogen fertilizer plant as almost entirely real property instead of almost entirely personal property. The reassessment resulted in an increase in CRNF’s annual property tax expense by an average of approximately $10.7 million per year for the years ended December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2009, $11.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 and $11.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. CRNF does not agree with the county’s classification of its nitrogen fertilizer plant and is currently disputing it before the Kansas Court of Tax Appeals, or COTA.

 

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However, CRNF has fully accrued and paid the property taxes the county claims are owed for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, and has fully accrued such amounts for the year ended December 31, 2011. The first payment in respect of CRNF’s 2011 property taxes was paid in December 2011 and the second payment will be made in May 2012. This property tax expense is reflected as a direct operating expense in our financial results. In January 2012 COTA issued a ruling indicating that the assessment in 2008 of CRNF’s fertilizer plant as almost entirely real property instead of almost entirely personal property was appropriate. CRNF disagrees with the ruling and filed a petition for reconsideration with COTA (which was denied) and plans to file an appeal to the Kansas Court of Appeals. CRNF is also protesting the valuation of the CRNF fertilizer plant for tax years 2009 – 2011, which cases remain pending before COTA. If CRNF is successful in having the nitrogen fertilizer plant reclassified as personal property, in whole or in part, then a portion of the accrued and paid expenses would be refunded to CRNF, which could have a material positive effect on our results of operations. If CRNF is not successful in having the nitrogen fertilizer plant reclassified as personal property, in whole or in part, then CRNF expects that it will continue to pay property taxes at elevated rates.

Distributions to Unitholders

Our general partner’s current policy is to distribute all of the available cash we generate each quarter beginning with the quarter ended June 30, 2011. Available cash for each quarter is determined by the board of directors of our general partner following the end of such quarter. Available cash for each quarter generally equals our cash flow from operations for the quarter, less cash needed for maintenance capital expenditures, debt service and other contractual obligations and reserves for future operating or capital needs that the board of directors of our general partner deems necessary or appropriate. Additionally, the Partnership also retains the cash on hand associated with prepaid sales at each quarter end, which is recorded on the balance sheet as deferred revenue, for future distributions to common unitholders as it is recognized into income. The board of directors of our general partner may modify our cash distribution policy at any time, and our partnership agreement does not require us to make distributions at all.

Credit Facility

On April 13, 2011, CRNF, as borrower, and the Partnership, as guarantor, entered into a new credit facility with a group of lenders. The credit facility includes a term loan facility of $125.0 million and a revolving credit facility of $25.0 million with an uncommitted incremental facility of up to $50.0 million which was undrawn as of December 31, 2011. There is no scheduled amortization and the credit facility matures in April 2016.

Borrowings under the credit facility bear interest, at the Partnership’s option, at either the Eurodollar Rate, plus a margin that ranges from 3.50% to 4.25%, or the Base Rate, plus a margin that ranges from 2.50% to 3.25%. The applicable interest rate margin is determined based on the Partnership’s leverage ratio for the trailing four quarters. The average interest rate for the term loan for the year ended December 31, 2011 was 4.72%. See Note 11 for more information regarding the credit facility. In periods prior to the Initial Public Offering, we did not incur interest expense.

Interest Rate Swap

Our profitability and cash flows are affected by changes in interest rates on our credit facility borrowings, specifically LIBOR and prime rates. The primary purpose of our interest rate risk management activities is to hedge our exposure to changes in interest rates by using interest rate derivatives to convert some or all of the interest rates we pay on our borrowings from a floating rate to a fixed interest rate.

On June 30 and July 1, 2011, CRNF entered into two Interest Rate Swap agreements. We have determined that the Interest Rate Swaps qualify as a hedge for hedge accounting treatment. The Interest Rate Swap agreements commenced on August 12, 2011; therefore, the impact recorded for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011 is $0.4 million in interest expense. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2011, the Partnership recorded a decrease in fair market value on the Interest Rate Swap agreements of $2.4 million, which is unrealized, in accumulated other comprehensive income.

 

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Results of Operations

The period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations have been prepared using the historical periods included in our financial statements. In order to effectively review and assess our historical financial information below, we have also included supplemental operating measures and industry measures that we believe are material to understanding our business.

The tables below provide an overview of our results of operations, relevant market indicators and our key operating statistics during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  

Financial Results

   2011     2010     2009  
     (in millions)  

Net sales(1)

   $ 302.9      $ 180.5      $ 208.4   

Cost of product sold — Affiliates(2)

     11.7        5.8        9.5   

Cost of products sold — Third Parties(2)

     30.8        28.5        32.7   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     42.5        34.3        42.2   

Direct operating expenses — Affiliates(2)

     1.2        2.3        2.1   

Direct operating expenses — Third Parties(2)

     85.3        84.4        82.4   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     86.5        86.7        84.5   

Insurance recovery — business interruption

     (3.4              

Selling, general and administrative expenses — Affiliates(2)

     16.5        16.7        12.3   

Selling, general and administrative expenses — Third Parties(2)

     5.7        3.9        1.8   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     22.2        20.6        14.1   

Depreciation and amortization(3)

     18.9        18.5        18.7   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

   $ 136.2      $ 20.4      $ 48.9   

Interest expense and other financing costs

     (4.0              

Interest income

            13.1        9.0   

Other income (expense)

     0.2        (0.2       
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other income (expense)

     (3.8     12.9        9.0   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before income tax expense

     132.4        33.3        57.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income(4)

   $ 132.4      $ 33.3      $ 57.9   

Adjusted EBITDA(5)

   $ 162.6      $ 52.6      $ 70.8   

Available cash for distribution(6)

   $ 114.4      $      $   

 

     As of December 31,  
     2011      2010      2009  
     (in millions)  

Balance Sheet Data

        

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 237.0       $ 42.7       $ 5.4   

Working capital

     229.4         27.1         135.5   

Total assets

     659.3         452.2         551.5   

Total debt, including current portion

     125.0                   

Partners’ capital

     489.5         402.2         519.9   

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009  
    

(in millions)

 

Cash Flow and Other Data

      

Net cash flow provided by (used in):

      

Operating activities

   $ 139.8      $ 75.9      $ 85.5   

Investing activities

     (16.4     (9.0     (13.4

Financing activities

     70.8        (29.6     (75.8

Capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment

     19.1        10.1        13.4   

Depreciation and amortization

     18.9        18.5        18.7   

 

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(1) Below are the components of Net sales:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2010      2009  
     (unaudited)  

Reconciliation to net sales (dollars in millions):

        

Sales net plant gate

   $ 266.6         $163.4         $186.3   

Freight in revenue

     22.1         17.0         21.3   

Hydrogen revenue

     14.2         0.1         0.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total net sales

   $ 302.9         $180.5         $208.4   

 

(2) Our direct operating expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 are shown exclusive of depreciation and amortization and include a charge related to CVR Energy’s share-based compensation expense allocated to us by CVR Energy and share-based compensation incurred under the CVR Partners LTIP for financial reporting purposes in accordance with ASC 718. We are not responsible for the payment of cash related to any share- based compensation allocated to us by CVR Energy. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies — Share-Based Compensation.” The charges for share-based compensation were:

 

         Year Ended December 31,      
     2011      2010      2009  
     (in millions)  

Direct operating expenses

   $ 0.5       $ 0.7       $ 0.2   

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     6.8         8.3         3.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 7.3       $ 9.0       $ 3.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(3) Depreciation and amortization is comprised of the following components:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2010      2009  
     (in millions)  

Depreciation and amortization excluded from direct operating expenses

   $ 18.8       $ 18.5       $ 18.7   

Depreciation and amortization excluded from cost of product sold

     0.1         —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total depreciation and amortization

   $ 18.9       $ 18.5       $ 18.7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(4) The following are certain charges and costs incurred in each of the relevant periods that are meaningful to understanding our net income and in evaluating our performance:

 

       Year Ended December 31,    
     2011      2010      2009  
     (in millions)  

Share-based compensation expense(a)

   $ 7.3       $ 9.0       $ 3.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  (a) Represents the impact of share-based compensation awards allocated from CVR Energy and CALLC III and share-based compensation associated with awards from our CVR Partners LTIP. Subsequent to June 30, 2011, no additional amounts will be allocated to us by CALLC III. We are not responsible for payment of share-based compensation awards allocated from CVR Energy and CALLC III and all such expense amounts are reflected as an increase or decrease to Partners’ capital.

 

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(5) Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income before income tax expense, net interest (income) expense, depreciation and amortization expense and the impact of share-based compensation, major scheduled turnaround expenses and loss on disposition of assets which are items that management believes affect the comparability of operating results. Adjusted EBITDA is not a recognized term under GAAP and should not be substituted for net income as a measure of performance but should be utilized as a supplemental measure of performance in evaluating our business. Management believes that adjusted EBITDA provides relevant and useful information that enables external users of our financial statements, such as industry analysts, investors, lenders and rating agencies to better understand and evaluate our ongoing operating results and allows for greater transparency in the review of our overall financial, operational and economic performance.

A reconciliation of our net income to adjusted EBITDA is as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2010     2009  
     (in millions)  

Net income

   $ 132.4       $ 33.3      $ 57.9   

Add:

       

Interest expense and other financing costs

     4.0                  

Interest income

             (13.1     (9.0

Income tax expense

                      

Depreciation and amortization

     18.9         18.5        18.7   

Loss on disposition of assets

             1.4          

Turnaround

             3.5          

Share-based compensation

     7.3         9.0        3.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 162.6       $ 52.6      $ 70.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(6) We define available cash for distribution generally as equal to our cash flow from operations for the quarter, less cash needed for maintenance capital expenditures, debt service and other contractual obligations, and reserves for future operating or capital needs that our board of directors of our general partner deems necessary or appropriate. For the year ended December 31, 2011, available cash for distribution is calculated for the period beginning at the closing of the Initial Public Offering (April 13, 2011) through December 31, 2011. The Partnership also retains the cash on hand associated with prepaid sales at each quarter end for future distribution to common unitholders based upon the recognition into income of the prepaid sales.

Below is a table reconciling the available cash for distribution for the three months ended December 31, 2011:

 

     Three Months  Ended
December 31, 2011
 
     (in millions, except per unit amount)  
     (unaudited)  

Cash flows from operations

   $ 31.9   

Adjustments:

  

Plus: Deferred revenue balance at September 30, 2011

     20.6   

Less: Deferred revenue balance at December 31, 2011

     (9.0

Plus: Insurance proceeds included in investing activities

       

Less: Maintenance capital expenditures

     (0.6
  

 

 

 

Available cash for distribution

   $ 42.9   

Available cash for distribution, per unit

   $ 0.588   

Common units outstanding

     73,031   

 

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The following tables show selected information about key market indicators and certain operating statistics for our business:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  

Key Operating Statistics

   2011     2010     2009  

Production (thousand tons):

      

Ammonia (gross produced)(1)

     411.2        392.7        435.2   

Ammonia (net available for sale)(1)

     116.8        155.6        156.6   

UAN

     714.1        578.3        677.7   

Pet coke consumed (thousand tons)

     517.3        436.3        483.5   

Pet coke (cost per ton)(2)

   $ 33      $ 17      $ 27   

Sales (thousand tons):

      

Ammonia

     112.8        164.7        159.9   

UAN

     709.3        580.7        686.0   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     822.1        745.4        845.9   

Product price (plant gate) (dollars per ton)(3):

      

Ammonia

   $ 579      $ 361      $ 314   

UAN

   $ 284      $ 179      $ 198   

On-stream factor(4):

      

Gasifier

     99.0     89.0     97.4

Ammonia

     97.7     87.7     96.5

UAN

     95.5     80.8     94.1

 

       Annual Average For
Year Ended December 31,
 

Market Indicators

   2011      2010      2009  

Natural gas (dollars per MMbtu)

   $ 4.03       $ 4.38       $ 4.16   

Ammonia — Southern Plains (dollars per ton)

     619         437         306   

UAN — corn belt (dollars per ton)

     379         266         218   

 

 

(1) The gross tons produced for ammonia represent the total ammonia produced, including ammonia produced that was upgraded into UAN. The net tons available for sale represent the ammonia available for sale that was not upgraded into UAN.

 

(2) Our pet coke cost per ton purchased from CVR Energy averaged $28, $11 and $22 for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Third-party pet coke prices averaged $45, $40 and $37 for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

 

(3) Plant gate price per ton represents net sales less freight revenue and hydrogen revenue divided by product sales volume in tons in the reporting period. Plant gate price per ton is shown in order to provide a pricing measure that is comparable across the fertilizer industry.

 

(4) On-stream factor is the total number of hours operated divided by the total number of hours in the reporting period and is included as a measure of Operating efficiency. Excluding the impact of the Linde air separation unit outage, the on-stream factors for the year ended December 31, 2011 would have been 99.2% for gasifier, 98.0% for ammonia and 95.7% for UAN. Excluding the impact of the downtime associated with the Linde air separation unit outage, the rupture of the high pressure UAN vessel and the major scheduled turnaround, the on-stream factors for the year ended December 31, 2010 would have been 97.6% for gasifier, 96.8% for ammonia and 96.1% for UAN. Excluding the Linde air separation unit outage in 2009, the on-stream factors would have been 99.3% for gasifier, 98.4% for ammonia and 96.1% for UAN for the year ended December 31, 2009.

 

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Year Ended December 31, 2011 compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2010

Net Sales.     Nitrogen fertilizer net sales were $302.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to $180.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. For the year ended December 31, 2011, ammonia, UAN and hydrogen made up $67.2 million, $221.5 million and $14.2 million of our net sales, respectively. This compared to ammonia, UAN and hydrogen net sales of $63.0 million, $117.4 million and $0.1 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2010. The net sales increase of $122.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2011 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2010 was the result of higher UAN sales volumes coupled with increased ammonia and UAN plant gate prices. This increase was partially offset by lower ammonia sales volumes. Both UAN and ammonia sales for the year ended December 31, 2010 were negatively impacted by the downtime associated with the major scheduled turnaround during 2010, and UAN sales were impacted additionally by the downtime associated with the rupture of a high-pressure UAN vessel during 2010. The following table demonstrates the impact of changes in sales volumes and sales price for ammonia, UAN and hydrogen for the year ended December 31, 2011 compared to the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

    Year Ended December 31, 2011     Year Ended December 31, 2010           Total Variance           Price
Variance
    Volume
Variance
 
    Volume (1)     $ per ton (2)     Sales $ (3)     Volume (1)     $ per ton (2)     Sales $ (3)           Volume (1)     Sales $ (3)            
    (in millions)                                  

Ammonia

    112,775      $ 596      $ 67.2        164,668      $ 382      $ 63.0            (51,893   $ 4.2          $ 35.2      $ (31.0

UAN

    709,280      $ 312      $ 221.5        580,684      $ 202      $ 117.4            128,596      $ 104.1          $ 63.9      $ 40.2   

Hydrogen

    1,389,796      $ 10      $ 14.2        20,583      $ 7      $ 0.1            1,369,213      $ 14.1          $ 0.1      $ 14.0   

 

(1) Sales volume in tons.

 

(2) Includes freight charges.

 

(3) Sales dollars in millions.

In regard to product sales volumes for the year ended December 31, 2011, our nitrogen fertilizer operations experienced a decrease of 31.5% in ammonia sales unit volumes and an increase of 22.1% in UAN sales unit volumes. On-stream factors (total number of hours operated divided by total hours in the reporting period) for 2011 compared to 2010 were higher for all units of our nitrogen fertilizer operations, primarily due to the major scheduled turnaround, the rupture of a high pressure UAN vessel and unscheduled downtime associated with the Linde air separation unit outage all in 2010. It is typical to experience brief outages in complex manufacturing operations such as the nitrogen fertilizer plant which result in less than one hundred percent on-stream availability for one or more specific units.

Plant gate prices are prices at the designated delivery point less any freight cost we absorb to deliver the product. We believe plant gate price is meaningful because we sell products both at our plant gate (sold plant) and delivered to the customer’s designated delivery site (sold delivered) and the percentage of sold plant versus sold delivered can change month to month or year to year. The plant gate price provides a measure that is consistently comparable period to period. Plant gate prices for the year ended December 31, 2011 for ammonia were higher than plant gate prices for the year ended December 31, 2010 by approximately 60.3% and plant gate prices for UAN were approximately 58.6% higher during the year ended December 31, 2011 than the plant gate prices for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Insurance Recovery - Business Interruption.     During the year ended December 31, 2011, we recorded and received insurance proceeds under insurance coverage for interruption of business of $3.4 million related to the September 30, 2010 UAN vessel rupture.

Cost of Product Sold (Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization).     Cost of product sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) is primarily comprised of pet coke expense and freight and distribution expenses. Cost of product sold excluding depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2011 was

 

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$42.5 million, compared to $34.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. Of this $8.2 million increase, $5.9 million resulted from higher costs from transactions with affiliates and $2.3 million from higher costs from third parties. Besides increased costs associated with higher UAN sales volumes and $4.8 million increased freight expenses, we experienced an increase in pet coke costs of $9.5 million ($6.7 million from transactions with affiliates). These increased costs were partially offset by a decrease in costs associated with lower ammonia sales and a decrease in hydrogen costs ($0.8 million).

Direct Operating Expenses (Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization).     Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) for our nitrogen fertilizer operations include costs associated with the actual operations of the nitrogen fertilizer plant, such as repairs and maintenance, energy and utility costs, property taxes, catalyst and chemical costs, outside services, labor and environmental compliance costs. Nitrogen fertilizer direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) for the year ended December 31, 2011 were $86.5 million, as compared to $86.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. The total decrease of $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2010, was comprised of a $1.1 million decrease in costs from transactions with affiliates, coupled with $0.9 million increased direct operating costs from third parties. The $0.2 million net decrease was primarily the result of decreases in expenses associated with the 2010 biennial turnaround ($3.5 million), net UAN reactor repairs and maintenance expense ($3.4 million), equipment rent ($0.5 million), labor ($0.4 million) and increased reimbursed expenses ($1.5 million). These decreases in direct operating expenses were partially offset by increases in expenses associated with energy and utilities ($5.4 million), repairs and maintenance ($3.1 million), catalyst ($0.3 million) and environmental ($0.3 million)

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization).     Selling, general and administrative expenses include the direct selling, general and administrative expenses of our business as well as certain expenses incurred by our affiliates, CVR Energy and Coffeyville Resources, on our behalf and billed or allocated to us. Certain of our expenses are subject to the services agreement with CVR Energy and our general partner. Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) were $22.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to $20.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. The increase of $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2011 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2010 was the result of an increase in costs from transactions with third parties ($1.8 million) coupled with a decrease in costs from transactions with affiliates ($0.2 million). This variance was primarily the result of increases in outside services ($2.0 million) and expenses related to the services agreement ($1.2 million). These increases were partially offset by decreases in share-based compensation ($1.4 million).

Operating Income.     Nitrogen fertilizer operating income was $136.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to operating income of $20.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. The increase of $115.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2011 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2010 was the result of the increase in nitrogen fertilizer margins ($114.2 million) coupled with business interruption recoveries recorded ($3.4 million) and decreased direct operating costs ($0.2 million). These favorable increases were partially offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) ($1.6 million) and depreciation and amortization ($0.4 million).

Interest Income.     We had no interest income for the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to $13.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. Interest income for the year ended December 31, 2010 was primarily the result of interest income resulting from the balance owed to us by Coffeyville Resources. The due from affiliate balance was distributed to Coffeyville Resources in December 2010. Accordingly, no interest income was generated from a due from affiliate balance in 2011.

Income Tax Expense.     Income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 was immaterial and consisted of amounts payable pursuant to a Texas state franchise tax.

 

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Net Income.     For the year ended December 31, 2011, net income was $132.4 million, as compared to $33.3 million of net income for the year ended December 31, 2010, an increase of $99.1 million. The increase in net income was primarily due to the increase in our profit margin offset by an increase in interest expense and a reduction in interest income.

Year Ended December 31, 2010 compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2009

Net Sales.     Nitrogen fertilizer net sales were $180.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to $208.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. For the year ended December 31, 2010, ammonia, UAN and hydrogen made up $63.0 million, $117.4 million and $0.1 million of our net sales, respectively. This compared to ammonia, UAN and hydrogen net sales of $54.6 million, $153.0 million and $0.8 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2009. The decrease of $27.9 million from the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2009 was the result of a decline in average UAN plant gate prices coupled with lower UAN sales volume. This decrease was partially offset by higher ammonia sales volumes coupled with higher ammonia prices on a year-over-year basis. Both UAN and ammonia sales in 2010 were negatively impacted by the downtime associated with the scheduled 2010 turnaround. Additionally, UAN sales were negatively impacted by the downtime associated with the rupture of a high-pressure UAN vessel. The UAN vessel ruptured on September 30, 2010 and production of UAN did not recommence until November 16, 2010. The following table demonstrates the impact of changes in sales volumes and sales price for ammonia and UAN for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the year ended December 31, 2009.

 

    Year Ended December 31, 2010     Year Ended December 31, 2009           Total Variance           Price
Variance
    Volume
Variance
 
    Volume (1)     $ per ton (2)     Sales $ (3)     Volume (1)     $ per ton (2)     Sales $ (3)           Volume (1)     Sales $ (3)            
    (in millions)                                          

Ammonia

    164,668      $ 382      $ 63.0        159,860      $ 342      $ 54.6            4,808      $ 8.4          $ 6.5      $ 1.9   

UAN

    580,684      $ 202      $ 117.4        686,009      $ 223      $ 153.0            (105,325   $ (35.6       $ (14.2   $ (21.4

 

(1) Sales volume in tons.

 

(2) Includes freight charges.

 

(3) Sales dollars in millions.

In regard to product sales volumes for the year ended December 31, 2010, our nitrogen fertilizer operations experienced an increase of 3% in ammonia sales unit volumes and a decrease of 15% in UAN sales unit volumes. On-stream factors (total number of hours operated divided by total hours in the reporting period) for 2010 compared to 2009 were lower for all units of our nitrogen fertilizer operations, primarily due to unscheduled downtime associated with the Linde air separation unit outage, the UAN vessel rupture and the completion of the biennial scheduled turnaround for the nitrogen fertilizer plant completed in the fourth quarter of 2010. It is typical to experience brief outages in complex manufacturing operations such as the nitrogen fertilizer plant which result in less than one hundred percent on-stream availability for one or more specific units.

Plant gate prices are prices at the designated delivery point less any freight cost we absorb to deliver the product. We believe plant gate price is meaningful because we sell products both at our plant gate (sold plant) and delivered to the customer’s designated delivery site (sold delivered) and the percentage of sold plant versus sold delivered can change month to month or year to year. The plant gate price provides a measure that is consistently comparable period to period. Plant gate prices for the year ended December 31, 2010 for ammonia were greater than plant gate prices for the year ended December 31, 2009 by approximately 15%. Conversely, UAN plant gate prices for UAN were approximately 10% lower during the year ended December 31, 2010 than the plant gate prices for the year ended December 31, 2009. The fertilizer industry experienced an unusual pricing cycle starting in 2008. Significant increases in average plant gate prices for 2008 had a carryover effect on 2009 average UAN prices primarily for the first half of 2009, before they began to decrease in the second half of 2009 and into the first half of 2010. Average ammonia plant gate prices for 2009 were negatively impacted by reduced demand resulting from the lack of a fall planting season and rebounded in 2010 due to increased fall planting season demand. Prices for UAN and ammonia recovered in the second half of 2010.

 

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Cost of Product Sold (Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization).     Cost of product sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) is primarily comprised of pet coke expense and freight and distribution expenses. Cost of product sold excluding depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2010 was $34.3 million, compared to $42.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. Of this $7.9 million decrease, $3.8 million resulted from lower costs from transactions with affiliates and $4.1 million from lower costs from transactions with third parties. A $5.5 million decline in pet coke costs ($3.9 million from transactions with affiliates) was the principal contributor to the decrease, with the remaining decrease of $2.4 million primarily attributable to lower UAN sales volume (105,325 tons) driven by downtime associated with the major scheduled turnaround and the UAN vessel rupture.

Direct Operating Expenses (Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization).     Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) for our nitrogen fertilizer operations include costs associated with the actual operations of the nitrogen fertilizer plant, such as repairs and maintenance, energy and utility costs, property taxes, catalyst and chemical costs, outside services, labor and environmental compliance costs. Nitrogen fertilizer direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) for the year ended December 31, 2010 were $86.7 million, as compared to $84.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. The increase of $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2009, was comprised of a $2.0 million increase in costs from transactions with third parties coupled with a $0.2 million increase in direct operating costs from transactions with affiliates. The $2.2 million net increase was primarily the result of increases in expenses associated with the turnaround ($3.5 million), property taxes ($2.5 million), net UAN reactor repairs and maintenance expense ($1.5 million), labor ($1.4 million) and refractory brick amortization ($0.7 million). The turnaround expenses for 2010 are the result of the nitrogen fertilizers business’ biennial turnaround. The increase in property taxes for the year ended December 31, 2010 was the result of an increased valuation assessment on the nitrogen fertilizer plant as well as the expiration of a tax abatement for the Linde air separation unit for which we pay taxes in accordance with our agreement with Linde. These increases in direct operating expenses were partially offset by decreases in expenses associated with energy and utilities ($6.0 million), catalyst ($1.1 million) and insurance ($0.7 million). The majority of the decrease in energy and utilities expenses reflects a $4.8 million settlement of an electric rate case with the City of Coffeyville in the third quarter of 2010. This $4.8 million refund of amounts paid between August 2008 through July 2010 was a one-time event.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization).     Selling, general and administrative expenses include the direct selling, general and administrative expenses of our business as well as certain expenses incurred by our affiliates, CVR Energy and Coffeyville Resources, on our behalf and billed or allocated to us. Certain of our expenses are subject to the services agreement with CVR Energy and our general partner. Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) were $20.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to $14.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. This variance was primarily the result of increases in share based compensation expense of $5.3 million, asset write-offs of $1.5 million and outside services of $0.6 million. These increases were partially offset by lower costs from affiliates that resulted from decreased expenses related to the services agreement.

Operating Income.     Nitrogen fertilizer operating income was $20.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, or 11% of net sales, as compared to $48.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, or 23% of net sales. This decrease of $28.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2009, was the result of a decline in the nitrogen fertilizer margin ($20.0 million), increases in selling, general and administrative expenses ($6.4 million), primarily attributable to an increase in share-based compensation expense, and an increase in direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) ($2.2 million).

Interest Income.     Interest income for the year ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 was primarily the result of interest income resulting from the outstanding balance owed to us by Coffeyville Resources. Interest income was $13.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to $9.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. The due from affiliate balance was distributed to Coffeyville Resources in December, 2010.

 

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Income Tax Expense.     Income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 was immaterial and consisted of amounts payable pursuant to a Texas state franchise tax.

Net Income.     For the year ended December 31, 2010, net income was $33.3 million as compared to $57.9 million of net income for the year ended December 31, 2009, a decrease of $24.6 million. The decrease in net income was primarily due to the decrease in our profit margin, coupled with an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization). These impacts were partially offset by a decrease in direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) and an increase in interest income.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal source of liquidity has historically been cash from operations, which includes cash advances from customers resulting from forward sales. Our liquidity was enhanced during the second quarter of 2011 by the receipt of $324.2 million in net proceeds from our Initial Public Offering after the payment of underwriting discounts and commissions. The net proceeds from the Initial Public Offering were used as follows: approximately $18.4 million was used to make a distribution to CRLLC to satisfy our obligation to reimburse it for certain capital expenditures CRLLC made on our behalf; approximately $117.1 million was used to make a special distribution to CRLLC in order to, among other things, fund the offer to purchase CRLLC’s senior secured notes required upon consummation of the Initial Public Offering; approximately $26.0 million was used to purchase (and subsequently extinguish) the IDRs owned by our general partner prior to the Initial Public Offering; approximately $4.8 million was used to pay financing fees and associated legal and professional fees resulting from our credit facility; and the balance was used or will be used for general partnership purposes, including approximately $104.0 million to fund the expected capital costs of the continuation of our $135.0 million UAN expansion. As of December 31, 2011, approximately $43.6 million had been spent on this UAN expansion. In addition, in conjunction with the completion of the Initial Public Offering, we entered into a new $125 million term loan and $25 million revolving credit facility and were removed as a guarantor or obligor, as applicable, under CRLLC’s ABL credit facility, 9.0% First Lien Senior Secured Notes due 2015 and 10.875% Second Lien Senior Secured Notes due 2017.

Our principal uses of cash are expected to be operations, distributions to common unitholders, capital expenditures and funding our debt service obligations. We believe that our cash from operations will be adequate to satisfy anticipated commitments for the next twelve months and that the net proceeds from our Initial Public Offering and borrowings under our credit facility will be adequate to fund our planned capital expenditures, including the UAN expansion, for the next twelve months. However, our future capital expenditures and other cash requirements could be higher than we currently expect as a result of various factors. Additionally, our ability to generate sufficient cash from our operating activities depends on our future performance, which is subject to general economic, political, financial, competitive, and other factors beyond our control.

Cash Balance and Other Liquidity

As of December 31, 2011, we had cash and cash equivalents of $237.0 million including $9.0 million of customer advances. Working capital at December 31, 2011 was $229.4 million, consisting of $271.9 million in current assets and $42.5 million in current liabilities. Working capital at December 31, 2010 was $27.1 million, consisting of $73.2 million in current assets and $46.1 million in current liabilities. As of February 20, 2012, we had cash and cash equivalents of $216.8 million.

Credit Facility

On April 13, 2011 in conjunction with the completion of our Initial Public Offering, we entered into a new credit facility with a group of lenders including Goldman Sachs Lending Partners LLC, as administrative and collateral agent. The credit facility includes a term loan facility of $125.0 million and a revolving credit facility

 

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of $25.0 million with an uncommitted incremental facility of up to $50.0 million. There is no scheduled amortization and the credit facility matures in April 2016. The credit facility is used to finance on-going working capital, capital projects, letter of credit issuances and general needs of the Partnership.

Borrowings under the credit facility bear interest based on a pricing grid determined by a trailing four quarter leverage ratio. Pricing for borrowings under the credit facility is currently the Eurodollar rate plus a margin of 3.50%, or, for base rate loans, the prime rate plus 2.50%. Under its terms, the lenders under the credit facility were granted a perfected, first priority security interest (subject to certain customary exceptions) in substantially all of the assets of CVR Partners and CRNF and all of the capital stock of CRNF and each domestic subsidiary owned by CVR Partners or CRNF. CRNF is the borrower under the credit facility. All obligations under the credit facility are unconditionally guaranteed by CVR Partners and substantially all of our future, direct and indirect, domestic subsidiaries.

As of December 31, 2011, no amounts were drawn under the $25.0 million revolving credit facility.

Mandatory Prepayments

We are required to prepay outstanding amounts under our term facility in an amount equal to the net proceeds from the sale of assets or from insurance or condemnation awards related to collateral, in each case subject to certain reinvestment rights. In addition, we are required to prepay outstanding amounts under our term facility with the net proceeds from certain issuances of debt (other than debt permitted to be incurred under our credit facility).

Voluntary Prepayments/Commitment Reductions

At any time, we may voluntarily reduce the unutilized portion of the revolving commitment amount, and prepay, in whole or in part, outstanding amounts under our credit facility without premium or penalty other than customary “breakage” costs with respect to Eurodollar rate loans.

Amortization and Final Maturity

There is no scheduled amortization under our credit facility. All outstanding amounts under our credit facility are due and payable in full in April 2016.

Restrictive Covenants and Other Matters

Our credit facility requires us to maintain (i) a minimum interest coverage ratio (ratio of Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA to interest) as of any fiscal quarter of 3.0 to 1.0 and (ii) a maximum leverage ratio (ratio of debt to Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA) of any fiscal quarter ending on or after December 31, 2011, 3.0 to 1.0 in all cases calculated on a trailing four quarter basis. In addition, the credit facility includes negative covenants that, subject to significant exceptions, limit our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to, among other things:

 

   

incur, assume or permit to exist additional indebtedness, guarantees and other contingent obligations;

 

   

incur liens;

 

   

make negative pledges;

 

   

pay dividends or make other distributions;

 

   

make payments to our subsidiary;

 

   

make certain loans and investments;

 

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consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets;

 

   

enter into sale-leaseback transactions; and

 

   

enter into transactions with affiliates.

The credit facility provides that we can make distributions to holders of our common units, but only if we are in compliance with our leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio covenants on a pro forma basis after giving effect to any distribution and there is no default or event of default under the facility.

The credit facility contains certain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default, including, among other things, payment defaults, breach of representations and warranties, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to certain indebtedness, certain events of bankruptcy, certain events under ERISA, material judgments, actual or asserted failure of any guaranty or security document supporting the credit facility to be in force and effect, and change of control. An event of default will also be triggered if CVR Energy or any of its subsidiaries (other than us and CRNF) terminates or violates any of its covenants in any of the intercompany agreements between us and CVR Energy and its subsidiaries (other than us and CRNF) and such action has a material adverse effect on us. If an event of default occurs, the administrative agent under the credit facility would be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of amounts due under the credit facility and all actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor.

Interest Rate Swap

Our profitability and cash flows are affected by changes in interest rates, specifically LIBOR and prime rates. The primary purpose of our interest rate risk management activities is to hedge our exposure to changes in interest rates.

On June 30 and July 1, 2011, CRNF entered into two Interest Rate Swap agreements with J. Aron. These agreements commenced on August 12, 2011. We have determined that the Interest Rate Swaps qualify as a hedge for hedge accounting treatment . The impact recorded for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011 is $0.4 million in interest expense. For the year ended December 31, 2011, the Partnership recorded a decrease in fair market value on the Interest Rate Swap agreements of $2.4 million, which is unrealized in accumulated other comprehensive income.

Capital Spending

We divide our capital spending needs into two categories: maintenance and growth. Maintenance capital spending includes only non-discretionary maintenance projects and projects required to comply with environmental, health and safety regulations. We also treat maintenance capital spending as a reduction of cash available for distribution to unitholders. Growth capital projects generally involve an expansion of existing capacity, improvement in product yields, and/or a reduction in direct operating expenses. Major scheduled turnaround expenses are expensed when incurred.

Our future capital spending will be determined by the board of directors of our general partner. The data contained in the table below represents our current estimates for 2012, but these estimates may change as a result of unforeseen circumstances and a change in our plans. These estimates may be revised from time to time or amounts may not be spent in the manner allocated below.

 

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The following table summarizes our total actual capital expenditures for 2011 and estimated capital expenditures for 2012:

 

     Year Ended December 31  
     2011 Actual      2012 Estimate  
     ($ in millions)  

UAN expansion

   $ 12.6       $ 85.0   

Other

     0.3         15.1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Growth capital expenditures

     12.9         100.1   

Maintenance capital expenditures

   $ 6.2       $ 9.7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total estimated capital spending before turnaround expenses

     19.1         109.8   

Major scheduled turnaround expenses

             5.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total estimated capital spending including major scheduled turnaround expense

   $ 19.1       $ 114.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Our growth strategy includes expanding production of UAN and acquiring additional infrastructure and production assets. We are moving forward with a significant two-year plant expansion designed to increase our UAN production capacity by 400,000 tons, or approximately 50% per year. We anticipate that the total capital spend associated with the UAN expansion will approximate $135.0 million. As of December 31, 2011, approximately $43.6 million had been spent, including $12.6 million, which was spent during the year ended December 31, 2011. The UAN expansion is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2013.

Capital expenditure plans for 2012 also include the construction of a two million gallon UAN storage tank and related truck and rail car load-out facilities, to enable us to distribute up to approximately 20,000 tons of UAN fertilizer annually. The property that this terminal will be constructed on is located in Phillipsburg, Kansas. The expected cost of this project is approximately $2.0 million. These capital expenditures, along with other growth projects are expected to be funded primarily with proceeds from our Initial Public Offering and term loan borrowings.

Planned capital expenditures for 2012 are subject to change due to unanticipated increases in the cost, scope and completion time for our capital projects. For example, we may experience increases in labor or equipment costs necessary to comply with government regulations or to complete projects that sustain or improve the profitability of our nitrogen fertilizer plant. Capital spending for our business has been and will be determined by our general partner.

Distributions to Unitholders

Our general partner’s current policy is to distribute all of the available cash we generate on a quarterly basis. Available cash for each quarter is determined by the board of directors of our general partner following the end of such quarter. Available cash for each quarter generally equals our cash flow from operations for the quarter, less cash needed for maintenance capital expenditures, debt service and other contractual obligations and reserves for future operating or capital needs that the board of directors of our general partner deems necessary or appropriate. The Partnership also retains the cash on hand associated with prepaid sales at each quarter end for future distributions to common unitholders based upon the recognition into income of the prepaid sales. The partnership agreement does not require the Partnership to make any distributions, and the board of directors of our general partner could change our distribution policy at any time, including reducing the amount or frequency of distributions we make or eliminating all distributions.

On August 12, 2011, the Partnership paid out a cash distribution to the Partnership’s unitholders of record at the close of business on August 5, 2011 for the second quarter of 2011 in the amount of $0.407 per unit, or $29.7 million in aggregate.

 

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On November 14, 2011, the Partnership paid out a cash distribution to the Partnership’s unitholders of record at the close of business on November 7, 2011 for the third quarter of 2011 in the amount of $0.572 per unit, or $41.8 million in aggregate.

On February 14, 2012, the Partnership paid out a cash distribution to the Partnership’s unitholders of record at the close of business on February 7, 2012 for the fourth quarter of 2011 in the amount of $0.588 per unit, or $42.9 million in aggregate.

The Partnership did not make quarterly distributions to unitholders prior to the closing of the Initial Public Offering.

Cash Flows

The following table sets forth our cash flows for the periods indicated below (in millions):

 

     For the Year  Ended
December 31,
 
     2011     2010     2009  

Net cash provided by (used in):

      

Operating activities

   $ 139.8      $ 75.9      $ 85.5   

Investing activities

     (16.4     (9.0     (13.4

Financing activities

     70.8        (29.6     (75.8
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   $ 194.2      $ 37.3      $ (3.7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash Flows Provided by Operating Activities

For purposes of this cash flow discussion, we define trade working capital as accounts receivable, inventory and accounts payable. Other working capital is defined as all other current assets and liabilities except trade working capital.

Net cash flows provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2011 were $139.8 million. The positive cash flow from operating activities generated over this period was primarily attributable to net income of $132.4 million, which was driven by a strong fertilizer price environment and high on-stream factors, partially offset by unfavorable impacts to working capital. For the year ended December 31, 2011, trade working capital decreased our operating cash flow by $13.6 million and was primarily attributable to a decrease in accounts payable of $5.9 million, an increase in accounts receivable of $4.3 million and an increase in inventory of $3.4 million. With respect to other working capital for the year ended December 31, 2011, the primary uses of cash were a $9.6 million decrease in deferred revenue and a $3.3 million decrease in prepaid expenses, partially offset by the receipt of business interruption proceeds of $3.4 million. Deferred revenue represents customer prepaid deposits for the future delivery of our nitrogen fertilizer products.

Net cash flows provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2010 were $75.9 million. This positive cash flow from operating activities was primarily attributable to net income and increased cash flow from trade and other working capital. Net income was driven by a strong fertilizer price environment, which was partially offset by a decline in overall sales volume that resulted from downtime associated with the major scheduled turnaround and the rupture of a high pressure UAN vessel in the fourth quarter of 2010. Trade working capital for the year ended December 31, 2010 increased our operating cash flow by $9.3 million and was attributable to a $2.1 million decrease in inventory and a $9.4 million increase in accounts payable partially offset by a $2.2 million increase in accounts receivable. With respect to other working capital for the year ended December 31, 2010, the primary source of cash was an $8.4 million increase in deferred revenue. Deferred revenue represents customer prepaid deposits for the future delivery of our nitrogen fertilizer products. Additionally, we received insurance proceeds of approximately $4.3 million related to the repairs, maintenance

 

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and other associated costs of the UAN vessel rupture, of which approximately $3.2 million is included in cash flows from operating activities and the remaining balance is included in cash flows from investing activities. This was partially offset by the establishment of a $4.5 million insurance receivable associated with the UAN vessel rupture and a $2.7 million increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets.

Net cash flows from operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2009 were $85.5 million. The positive cash flow from operating activities generated over this period was primarily driven by strong sales volumes and a favorable fertilizer price environment. Also positively impacting cash flows from operations were favorable changes in other working capital. These positive cash flows were partially offset by net decreases in cash from trade working capital. Trade working capital for the year ended December 31, 2009 reduced our operating cash flow by $0.3 million. For the year ended December 31, 2009, accounts receivable decreased by $3.2 million and inventory decreased by $5.7 million resulting in a net inflow of cash of $8.9 million. These inflows of cash due to changes in trade working capital were offset by a decrease in accounts payable, or a use of cash, of $9.2 million. With respect to other working capital, the primary source of cash during the year ended December 31, 2009 was a $4.5 million increase in deferred revenue and a $1.5 million decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets. Deferred revenue represents customer prepaid deposits for the future delivery of our nitrogen fertilizer products.

Cash Flows Used In Investing Activities

Net cash flows used in investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 were $16.4 million, $9.0 million, and $13.4 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2011, the increase in capital expenditures to $19.1 million was primarily related to the UAN expansion. For the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, capital expenditures were partially offset by approximately $2.7 million and $1.1 million, respectively, of insurance proceeds received in connection with the rupture of the high-pressure UAN vessel.

Cash Flows Used In Financing Activities

Net cash flows provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2011 was $70.8 million, compared to net cash flows used in financing activities for the years ended December 2010 and 2009 of $29.6 million and $75.8 million, respectively. The net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2011 was attributable to the issuance of $125.0 million of long-term debt and the $324.9 million of proceeds from the Initial Public Offering, offset by the $276.7 million distributed to our affiliates on or before the Initial Public Offering, as well as the quarterly cash distributions paid subsequent to the Initial Public Offering of $71.4 million, and the $26.0 million used to purchase our general partners’ incentive distribution rights from an affiliate. For the year ended December 31, 2010, $29.0 million of the net cash used in financing activities was primarily attributable to amounts loaned to our affiliate. For the year ended December 31, 2009, net cash used in financing activities was entirely attributable to amounts loaned to our affiliates.

Capital and Commercial Commitments

We are required to make payments relating to various types of obligations. The following table summarizes our minimum payments as of December 31, 2011 relating to operating leases and unconditional purchase obligations for the five years ending December 31, 2016 and thereafter.

 

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Contractual Obligations

 

     Payments Due by Period  
     Total      2012      2013      2014      2015      2016      Thereafter  
     (in millions)  

Long-term debt(1)

   $ 125.0       $       $       $       $       $ 125.0       $   

Operating leases(2)

     32.4         5.5         6.0         4.7         4.2         3.8         8.2   

Unconditional purchase obligations(3)

     50.2         5.9         6.0         6.1         6.2         6.3         19.7   

Unconditional purchase obligations with affiliates(4)

     268.9         15.8         16.8         17.0         16.5         16.9         185.9   

Interest payments (5)

     21.1         4.9         4.9         4.9         4.9         1.5           
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 497.6       $ 32.1       $ 33.7       $ 32.7       $ 31.8       $ 153.5       $ 213.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) We entered into a new credit facility. The new credit facility included a $125.0 million term loan on April 13, 2011 and a $25.0 million revolving credit facility. The table assumes no amounts are outstanding under the revolving credit facility.

 

(2) We lease various facilities and equipment, primarily railcars, under non-cancelable operating leases for various periods.

 

(3) The amounts include commitments under an electric supply agreement with the city of Coffeyville and a product supply agreement with Linde.

 

(4) The amounts include commitments under our long-term pet coke supply agreement with CVR Energy having an initial term that ends in 2027, subject to renewal. The Partnership’s purchase obligations for pet coke from CVR Energy has been derived from a calculation of the average pet coke price paid to CVR Energy over the preceding two year period.

 

(5) Interest payments are based on the current interest rate on December 31, 2011.

Under our long-term pet coke supply agreement with CVR Energy, we may become obligated to provide security for our payment obligations under the agreement if in CVR Energy’s sole judgment there is a material adverse change in our financial condition or liquidity position or in our ability to make payments. This security may not exceed an amount equal to 21 times the average daily dollar value of pet coke we purchase for the 90-day period preceding the date on which CVR Energy gives us notice that it has deemed that a material adverse change has occurred. Unless otherwise agreed by CVR Energy and us, we can provide such security by means of a standby or documentary letter of credit, prepayment, a surety instrument, or a combination of the foregoing. If we do not provide such security, CVR Energy may require us to pay for future deliveries of pet coke on a cash-on-delivery basis, failing which it may suspend delivery of pet coke until such security is provided and terminate the agreement upon 30 days’ prior written notice. Additionally, we may terminate the agreement within 60 days of providing security, so long as we provide five days’ prior written notice.

Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness, to make distributions, to fund planned capital expenditures and to satisfy our other capital and commercial commitments will depend on our ability to generate cash flow in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to nitrogen fertilizer margins, natural gas prices and general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control.

Our business may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations, and future borrowings may not be available to us under our credit facility, in an amount sufficient to enable us to make quarterly distributions, finance necessary capital expenditures, service our indebtedness or fund our other liquidity needs. We may seek to sell assets or issue debt securities or additional equity securities to fund our liquidity needs but may not be able to do so. We may also need to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before maturity. We may not be able to refinance any of our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all.

 

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any “off-balance sheet arrangements” as such term is defined within the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRS,” (“ASU 2011-04”). ASU 2011-04 changes the wording used to describe many of the requirements in U.S. GAAP for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements to ensure consistency between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). ASU 2011-04 also expands the disclosures for fair value measurements that are estimated using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs. This new guidance is to be applied prospectively. ASU 2011-04 will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. We believe that the adoption of this standard will not materially expand our consolidated financial statement footnote disclosures.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “ Comprehensive Income (ASC Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income ,” (“ASU 2011-05”) which amends current comprehensive income guidance. This ASU eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of shareholders’ equity. Instead, the Partnership must report comprehensive income in either a single continuous statement of comprehensive income which contains two sections, net income and other comprehensive income, or in two separate but consecutive statements. ASU 2011-05 will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. In November 2011, FASB decided to defer the effective date of the changes in ASU 2011-05 that relate to the presentation of reclassification adjustments to again consider whether to present the effects of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the face of the financials. This deferral does not impact the other requirements as of ASU 2011-05. We believe that the adoption of ASU 2011-05 will not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In September 2011, FASB issued ASU No. 2011-08, “ Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment,” (“ASU 2011-08”). ASU 2011-08 permits an entity to make a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount before applying the two-step goodwill impairment test. This new guidance is to be applied prospectively. ASU 2011-08 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. We adopted this standard on October 1, 2011. The adoption of this standard did not impact our financial position or results of operations.

Critical Accounting Policies

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. In order to apply these principles, management must make judgments, assumptions and estimates based on the best available information at the time. Actual results may differ based on the accuracy of the information utilized and subsequent events. Our accounting policies are described in the notes to our audited financial statements included elsewhere in this report. Our critical accounting policies, which are described below, could materially affect the amounts recorded in our financial statements.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Partnership accounts for impairment of long-lived assets in accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment — Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, or ASC 360. In accordance with ASC 360, the

 

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Partnership reviews long-lived assets (excluding goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future net cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds their fair value. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of their carrying value or fair value less cost to sell. No impairment charges were recognized for any of the periods presented.

Goodwill

To comply with ASC 350, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other , or ASC 350, we perform a test for goodwill impairment annually, or more frequently in the event we determine that a triggering event has occurred. Our annual testing is performed in the fourth quarter of each year. Goodwill and other intangible accounting standards provide that goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized but instead are tested for impairment on an annual basis. In accordance with these standards, we completed our annual test for impairment of goodwill as of November 1, 2011 and November 1, 2010, respectively. For 2011, 2010 and 2009, the annual test of impairment indicated that goodwill was not impaired.

In 2011, we elected to early adopt ASU 2011 – 08, which allows an alternative in certain situations that simplifies the impairment testing of goodwill. The new guidance allows an entity the option to first perform a qualitative evaluation to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative two-step goodwill impairment analysis.

We began the qualitative assessment by analyzing the key drivers and other external factors that impact the business in order to determine if any significant events, transactions or other factors had occurred or are expected to occur that would impair earnings or competitiveness therefore impairing the fair value of the Partnership. After assessing the totality of events and circumstances, it was determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair value of the Partnership was less than the carrying value ,and so it was not necessary to perform the two-step valuation. The key drivers that were considered in the evaluation of the Partnership’s fair value included:

 

   

general economic conditions;

 

   

fertilizer pricing;

 

   

input costs; and

 

   

customer outlook.

In 2010, the annual review of impairment was performed by comparing the carrying value of the partnership to its estimated fair value. The valuation analysis used both income and market approaches as described below:

 

   

Income Approach:     To determine fair value, we discounted the expected future cash flows for the reporting unit utilizing observable market data to the extent available. The discount rate used for the 2010 impairment test was 14.6%, representing the estimated weighted-average costs of capital, which reflects the overall level of inherent risk involved in the reporting unit and the rate of return an outside investor would expect to earn.

 

   

Market-Based Approach:     To determine the fair value of the reporting unit, we also utilized a market-based approach. We used the guideline company method, which focuses on comparing our risk profile and growth prospects to select reasonably similar publicly traded companies.

We assigned an equal weighting of 50% to the result of both the income approach and market based approach based upon the reliability and relevance of the data used in each analysis. This weighting was deemed reasonable as the guideline public companies have a high-level of comparability with the reporting unit and the projections used in the income approach were prepared using current estimates.

 

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Revenue Recognition

Revenues for products sold are recorded upon delivery of the products to customers, which is the point at which title is transferred, the customer has the assumed risk of loss, and when payment has been received or collection is reasonably assumed. Sales are recognized when the product is delivered and all significant obligations of the Partnership have been satisfied. Deferred revenue represents customer prepayments under contracts to guarantee a price and supply of nitrogen fertilizer in quantities expected to be delivered in the next 12 months in the normal course of business. Taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are not included in reported revenues. Pass-through finished goods delivery costs reimbursed by customers are reported in net sales, while an offsetting expense is included in cost of product sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization).

Allocation of Costs

Our consolidated financial statements include an allocation of costs that have been incurred by CVR Energy or Coffeyville Resources on our behalf. The allocation of such costs is governed by the services agreement entered into by CVR Energy and us and affiliated companies in October 2007. The services agreement provides guidance for the treatment of certain general and administrative expenses and certain direct operating expenses incurred on our behalf. Such expenses incurred include, but are not limited to, salaries, benefits, share-based compensation expense, insurance, accounting, tax, legal and technology services. Prior to the services agreement such costs were allocated to us based upon certain assumptions and estimates that were made in order to allocate a reasonable share of such expenses to us, so that the consolidated financial statements reflect substantially all costs of doing business. The authoritative guidance to allocate such costs is set forth in Staff Accounting Bulletin, or SAB Topic 1-B “ Allocations of Expenses and Related Disclosures in Financial Statements of Subsidiaries, Divisions or Lesser Business Components of Another Entity .”

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Partnership uses forward swap contracts primarily to reduce the exposure to changes in interest rates on our debt and to provide a cash flow hedge. These derivative instruments have been designated as hedges for accounting purposes. Accordingly, these instruments are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value, at each reporting period end; the actual measurement of the cash flow hedge ineffectiveness will be recognized in earnings. The effective portion of the gain or loss on the swaps will be reported in Other Comprehensive Income (“OCI”), in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 815-20-25, Derivatives and Hedging.

Financial instruments consisting of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable are carried at cost, which approximates fair value, as a result of the short-term nature of the instruments.

Share-Based Compensation

We have been allocated non-cash share-based compensation expense from CVR Energy and from Coffeyville Acquisition III LLC. CVR Energy accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718 Compensation — Stock Compensation, or ASC 718, as well as guidance regarding the accounting for share-based compensation granted to employees of an equity method investee. In accordance with ASC 718, CVR Energy and CALLC III apply a fair-value based measurement method in accounting for share-based compensation. We recognize the costs of the share-based compensation incurred by CVR Energy and CALLC III on our behalf primarily in selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization), and a corresponding increase or decrease to partners’ capital, as the costs are incurred on our behalf, following the guidance issued by the FASB regarding the accounting for equity instruments that are issued to other than employees for acquiring, or in conjunction with selling goods or services, which require remeasurement at each reporting period through the performance commitment period, or in our case, through the

 

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vesting period. Costs are allocated by CVR Energy and CALLC III based upon the percentage of time a CVR Energy employee provides services to us. In the event an individual’s roles and responsibilities change with respect to services provided to us, a reassessment is performed to determine if the allocation percentages should be adjusted. In accordance with the services agreement, we will not be responsible for the payment of cash related to any share-based compensation allocated to us by CVR Energy.

There has been considerable judgment in the significant assumptions used in determining the fair value of the share-based compensation allocated to us from CALLC III and from CVR Energy associated with share-based compensation derived from Coffeyville Acquisition LLC and Coffeyville Acquisition II LLC override units. There will be no further allocations of share-based compensation expense associated with CALLC III or with share-based compensation related to Coffeyville Acquisition LLC and Coffeyville Acquisition II LLC override units subsequent to June 30, 2011.

The Partnership’s grant of awards pursuant to the CVR Partners LTIP to employees or directors of its general partner are considered non-employee awards and the awards will be marked-to-market each reporting period until they vest.

Item 7A.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

On June 30 and July 1, 2011 CRNF entered into two floating-to-fixed interest rate swap agreements for the purpose of hedging the interest rate risk associated with a portion of its $125 million floating rate term debt which matures in April 2016. The aggregate notional amount covered under these agreements totals $62.5 million (split evenly between the two agreement dates) and commenced on August 12, 2011 and expires on February 12, 2016. Under the terms of the interest rate swap agreement entered into on June 30, 2011, CRNF receives a floating rate based on three month LIBOR and pays a fixed rate of 1.94%. Under the terms of the interest rate swap agreement entered into on July 1, 2011, CRNF receives a floating rate based on three month LIBOR and pays a fixed rate of 1.975%. Both swap agreements will be settled every 90 days. The effect of these swap agreements is to lock in a fixed rate of interest of approximately 1.96% plus the applicable margin paid to lenders over three month LIBOR as governed by the CRNF credit agreement. The agreements were designated as cash flow hedges at inception and accordingly, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the swap is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”), and will be reclassified into interest expense when the interest rate swap transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss will be recognized immediately in current interest expense.

Commodity Price, Foreign Currency Exchange and Non-Operating Risks

We do not currently use derivative financial instruments to manage risks related to changes in prices of commodities (e.g., ammonia, UAN or pet coke). Given that our business is currently based entirely in the United States, we are not directly exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk. We do not engage in activities that expose us to speculative or non-operating risks, including derivative trading activities. In the opinion of our management, there is no derivative financial instrument that correlates effectively with, and has a trading volume sufficient to hedge, our firm commitments and forecasted commodity purchase or sales transactions. Our management will continue to monitor whether financial derivatives become available which could effectively hedge identified risks and management may in the future elect to use derivative financial instruments consistent with our overall business objectives to avoid unnecessary risk and to limit, to the extent practical, risks associated with our operating activities.

 

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Item 8.     Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

CVR PARTNERS, LP

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

 

Audited Financial Statements

   Page
Number
 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     77   

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2011 and 2010

     78   

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009

     79   

Consolidated Statements of Partners’ Capital for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009

     80   

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009

     81   

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

     82   

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors of CVR GP, LLC

and

The Unitholders of CVR Partners, LP

and

The General Partner of CVR Partners, LP:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CVR Partners, LP and subsidiary (the Company), as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 and the related consolidated statements of operations, partners’ capital, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2011. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of CVR Partners, LP and subsidiary as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2011, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

/s/    KPMG LLP

Houston, Texas

February 23, 2012

 

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CVR PARTNERS, LP

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

     December 31,  
     2011     2010  
     (dollars in thousands)  
ASSETS     

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 236,975      $ 42,745   

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $76 and $43, respectively

     9,322        5,036   

Inventories

     23,255        19,830   

Prepaid expenses and other current assets including $572 and $2,587 from affiliates at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively

     2,311        5,557   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     271,863        73,168   

Property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation

     341,495        337,938   

Intangible assets, net

     36        46   

Goodwill

     40,969        40,969   

Deferred financing cost, net

     3,164          

Other long-term assets, including $1,495 and $0 with affiliates at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively

     1,782        44   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 659,309      $ 452,165   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS’ CAPITAL     

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable, including $2,064 and $3,323 due to affiliates at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively

   $ 15,869      $ 17,758   

Personnel accruals, including $812 and $0 with affiliates at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively

     2,744        1,848   

Deferred revenue

     9,019        18,660   

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities, including $549 and $0 with affiliates at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively

     14,822        7,810   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     42,454        46,076   

Long-term liabilities:

    

Long-term debt, net of current portion

     125,000          

Other long-term liabilities, including $850 and $0 with affiliates at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively

     2,366        3,886   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term liabilities

     127,366        3,886   

Commitments and contingencies

    

Partners’ capital:

    

Special general partner’s interest, 30,303,000 units issued and outstanding at December 31, 2010

            397,951   

Limited partner’s interest, 30,333 units issued and outstanding at December 31, 2010

            398   

Managing general partner’s interest

            3,854   

Common unitholders, 73,030,936 units issued and outstanding at December 31, 2011

     491,876          

General partner’s interest

     1          

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (2,388       
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total partners’ capital

     489,489        402,203   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and partners’ capital

   $ 659,309      $ 452,165   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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CVR PARTNERS, LP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009  
     (in thousands, except per unit data)  

Net sales

   $ 302,867      $ 180,468      $ 208,371   

Operating costs and expenses:

      

Cost of product sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) — Affiliates

     11,657        5,764        9,506   

Cost of product sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) — Third parties

     30,854        28,564        32,652   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     42,511        34,328        42,158   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) — Affiliates

     1,167        2,308        2,136   

Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) — Third parties

     85,324        84,371        82,317   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     86,491        86,679        84,453   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Insurance recovery – business interruption

     (3,360              

Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) — Affiliates

     16,449        16,748        12,310   

Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) — Third parties

     5,709        3,894        1,902   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     22,158        20,642        14,212   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

     18,869        18,463        18,685   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating costs and expenses

     166,669        160,112        159,508   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

&