Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2012

or

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from             to             .

Commission File Number: 001-35551

 

 

FACEBOOK, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   20-1665019
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

1601 Willow Road, Menlo Park, California 94025

(Address of principal executive offices and Zip Code)

(650) 308-7300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   ¨     No   x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes   x     No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer

 

¨

 

Accelerated filer

 

¨

Non-accelerated filer

 

x   (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

Smaller reporting company

 

¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   ¨     No   x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of Common Stock, as of the latest practicable date.

 

Class

 

Number of Shares Outstanding

Class A Common Stock $0.000006 par value   674,605,171 shares outstanding as of July 25, 2012
Class B Common Stock $0.000006 par value   1,467,762,401 shares outstanding as of July 25, 2012

 

 

 


Table of Contents

FACEBOOK, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page No.  

Note About Forward-Looking Statements

     3   
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION      4   

Item 1.

  

Financial Statements (unaudited)

     4   
  

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets—June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011

     4   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations—for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011

     5   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)—for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011

     6   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—for the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011

     7   
  

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

     8   

Item 2.

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

     19   

Item 3.

  

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

     33   

Item 4.

  

Controls and Procedures

     34   
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION      35   

Item 1.

  

Legal Proceedings

     35   

Item 1A.

  

Risk Factors

     35   

Item 2.

  

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

     56   

Item 6.

  

Exhibits

     57   

SIGNATURES

     59   

 

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NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, our business strategy and plans, and our objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described in Part II. Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.

We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.

Unless expressly indicated or the context requires otherwise, the terms “Facebook,” “company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” in this document refer to Facebook, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and, where appropriate, its wholly owned subsidiaries. The term “Facebook” may also refer to our products, regardless of the manner in which they are accessed.

 

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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

FACEBOOK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In millions, except for number of shares and par value)

(Unaudited)

 

     June  30,
2012
    December 31,
2011
 

Assets

    

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 2,098     $ 1,512   

Marketable securities

     8,090       2,396   

Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $17 as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011

     578       547   

Income tax refundable

     567        0   

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     634       149   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     11,967       4,604   

Property and equipment, net

     2,105       1,475   

Goodwill and intangible assets, net

     809       162   

Other assets

     47        90   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 14,928     $ 6,331   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

    

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 43     $ 63   

Platform partners payable

     153        171   

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

     441       296   

Deferred revenue and deposits

     85       90   

Current portion of capital lease obligations

     312       279   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     1,034        899   

Capital lease obligations, less current portion

     394        398   

Other liabilities

     191       135   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     1,619       1,432   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Convertible preferred stock, $0.000006 par value, issuable in series; no shares and 569 million shares authorized as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, no shares and 543 million shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively

     0       615   

Common stock, $0.000006 par value; 5,000 million and 4,141 million Class A shares authorized as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, 641 million and 117 million shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, including 1 million outstanding shares subject to repurchase as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011; 4,141 million Class B shares authorized, 1,501 million and 1,213 million shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, including 2 million outstanding shares subject to repurchase, as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011

     0        0   

Additional paid-in capital

     11,684       2,684   

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (29     (6

Retained earnings

     1,654       1,606   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

     13,309       4,899   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 14,928     $ 6,331   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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FACEBOOK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In millions, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2012     2011     2012     2011  

Revenue

   $ 1,184     $ 895     $ 2,242      $ 1,626   

Costs and expenses:

        

Cost of revenue

     367        210       644        377  

Marketing and sales

     392        96       535        158  

Research and development

     705        99       858        156  

General and administrative

     463        83       567        140  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

     1,927        488       2,604        831  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income from operations

     (743     407       (362     795  

Interest and other income (expense), net:

        

Interest expense

     (10     (9     (24     (17

Other income (expense), net

     (12     1        3        19  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income before benefit from (provision for) income taxes

     (765     399       (383     797  

Benefit from (provision for) income taxes

     608        (159     431        (326
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income

   $ (157   $ 240     $ 48      $ 471   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Less: Net income attributable to participating securities

     0        81        21        160   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders

   $ (157   $ 159     $ 27      $ 311  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) earnings per share attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders:

        

Basic

   ($ 0.08   $ 0.12      $ 0.02      $ 0.25   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted

   ($ 0.08   $ 0.11      $ 0.02      $ 0.22   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average shares used to compute (loss) earnings per share attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders:

        

Basic

     1,879        1,292        1,613        1,267   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted

     1,879        1,510        1,792        1,499   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share-based compensation expense included in costs and expenses:

        

Cost of revenue

   $ 66      $ 3      $ 71      $ 3   

Marketing and sales

     232        11        251        11   

Research and development

     545        35        605        39   

General and administrative

     263        15        282        18   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total share-based compensation expense

   $ 1,106      $ 64      $ 1,209      $ 71   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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FACEBOOK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(In millions)

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
     Six Months  Ended
June 30,
 
     2012     2011      2012     2011  

Net (loss) income

   $ (157   $ 240      $ 48      $  471   

Other comprehensive (loss) income:

         

Foreign currency translation adjustment

     (21     0         (22     1   

Change in unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments, net of tax

     (1     0         (1     0   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive (loss) income

   $ (179   $ 240       $ 25      $ 472   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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FACEBOOK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In millions)

(Unaudited)

     Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2012     2011  

Cash flows from operating activities

    

Net income

   $ 48      $ 471  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     249        123  

Loss on write-off of equipment

     4        6  

Share-based compensation

     1,209        71  

Deferred income taxes

     (374     (14

Tax benefit from share-based award activity

     381        355  

Excess tax benefit from share-based award activity

     (381     (355

Changes in assets and liabilities

    

Accounts receivable

     (41     (28

Income tax refundable

     (567     0   

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     (7     (226

Other assets

     (43     (6

Accounts payable

     (8     7  

Platform partners payable

     (15     38   

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

     226        (21

Deferred revenue and deposits

     (5     20  

Other liabilities

     7        33  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

     683       474   

Cash flows from investing activities

    

Purchases of property and equipment

     (866     (285

Purchases of marketable securities

     (6,957     (1,892

Sales of marketable securities

     128        0   

Maturities of marketable securities

     1,106        0   

Investments in non-marketable equity securities

     (3     (1

Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired, and purchases of intangible and other assets

     (575     (4

Change in restricted cash and deposits

     (3     (3
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

     (7,170     (2,185

Cash flows from financing activities

    

Net proceeds from issuance of common stock

   $ 6,761      $ 998  

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

     9        24  

Repayment of long term debt

     0        (250 )

Proceeds from sale and lease-back transactions

     82        8   

Principal payments on capital lease obligations

     (143     (82

Excess tax benefit from share-based award activity

     381        355  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

     7,090        1,053  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     (17     4   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     586        (654

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     1,512        1,785  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ 2,098      $ 1,131  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental cash flow data

    

Cash paid during the period for:

    

Interest

   $ 19     $ 13  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income taxes

   $ 182      $ 176  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

    

Net change in accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities related to property and equipment additions

   $ (59   $ 56  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Property and equipment acquired under capital leases

   $ 90      $ 291  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Fair value of shares issued related to acquisitions of businesses and other assets

   $ 25      $ 44  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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FACEBOOK, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 1.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. As such, the information included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, on May 18, 2012 (Prospectus).

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2011, included herein was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date, but does not include all disclosures including notes required by GAAP.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Facebook, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods, but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for the full year ending December 31, 2012.

We have reclassified certain prior period expense amounts from marketing and sales to general and administrative within our condensed consolidated statements of operations to conform to our current period presentation. These reclassifications did not affect revenue, total costs and expenses, (loss) income from operations, or net (loss) income.

There have been no changes to our significant accounting policies described in the Prospectus that have had a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes.

Initial Public Offering and Share-based Compensation

In May 2012, we completed our initial public offering (IPO) in which we issued and sold 180 million shares of Class A common stock at a public offering price of $38.00 per share. We received net proceeds of $6.8 billion after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $75 million and other offering expenses of approximately $6 million. Upon the closing of the IPO, all shares of our then-outstanding convertible preferred stock automatically converted into an aggregate of 545 million shares of Class B common stock and an aggregate of 336 million shares of Class B common stock converted into Class A common stock.

Restricted stock units (RSUs) granted prior to January 1, 2011 (Pre-2011 RSUs) vest upon the satisfaction of both a service condition and a liquidity condition. The service condition for the majority of these awards is satisfied over four years. The liquidity condition is satisfied upon the occurrence of a qualifying event, defined as a change of control transaction or six months following the completion of our IPO, which occurred in May 2012. The vesting condition that will be satisfied six months following our IPO does not affect the expense attribution period for the RSUs for which the service condition has been met as of the date of our IPO. This six-month period is not a substantive service condition and, accordingly, beginning on the effectiveness of our IPO in May 2012, we recognized a cumulative share-based compensation expense for the portion of the RSUs that had met the service condition. In the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, the share-based compensation expense related to our Pre-2011 RSUs recognized was $986 million. As of June 30, 2012, we have approximately $205 million of additional future period share-based compensation expense related to our Pre-2011 RSUs to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately two years.

 

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RSUs granted on or after January 1, 2011 (Post-2011 RSUs) are not subject to a liquidity condition in order to vest, and compensation expense related to these grants is based on the grant date fair value of the RSUs and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the applicable service period. The majority of Post-2011 RSUs are earned over a service period of four to five years. In the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, we recognized $113 million and $210 million, respectively, and in both the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, we recognized $58 million of share-based compensation expense related to the Post-2011 RSUs. As of June 30, 2012 we anticipate $1,959 million of future period expense related to such RSUs will be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately two years.

As of June 30, 2012, there was $2,245 million of unrecognized share-based compensation expense, of which $2,164 million relates to RSUs, and $81 million relates to restricted shares and stock options. This unrecognized compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately two years.

We estimate that an aggregate of approximately 273 million shares underlying Pre-2011 RSUs will vest and settle between October 15, 2012 and November 14, 2012. These shares have not been included in our shares outstanding in our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2012. RSU holders generally will recognize taxable income based upon the value of the shares on the date they are settled and we are required to withhold taxes on such value at applicable minimum statutory rates. We currently expect that the average of these withholding rates will be approximately 45%. We are unable to quantify the obligations as of June 30, 2012 and we will remain unable to quantify this amount until the date of the settlement of the RSUs, as the withholding obligations will be based on the closing price of the shares at the time of settlement.

Use of Estimates

Conformity with GAAP requires the use of estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates form the basis for judgments we make about the carrying values of our assets and liabilities, which are not readily apparent from other sources. We base our estimates and judgments on historical information and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments in several areas, including, but not limited to, those related to revenue recognition, collectability of accounts receivable, contingent liabilities, fair value of share-based awards, fair value of financial instruments, fair value of acquired intangible assets and goodwill, useful lives of intangible assets and property and equipment, and income taxes. These estimates are based on management’s knowledge about current events and expectations about actions we may undertake in the future. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Note 2.    (Loss) Earnings per Share

We compute (loss) earnings per share (EPS) of Class A and Class B common stock using the two-class method required for participating securities. Prior to the date of the IPO, we considered all series of our convertible preferred stock to be participating securities due to their non-cumulative dividend rights. Immediately after the completion of our IPO in May 2012, all outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock converted to Class B common stock. Additionally, we consider restricted stock awards to be participating securities, because holders of such shares have non-forfeitable dividend rights in the event of our declaration of a dividend for common shares.

 

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Undistributed earnings allocated to these participating securities are subtracted from net income in determining net income attributable to common stockholders. Net losses are not allocated to these participating securities. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of our Class A and Class B common stock outstanding, adjusted for outstanding shares that are subject to repurchase.

For the calculation of diluted EPS, net income attributable to common stockholders for basic EPS is adjusted by the effect of dilutive securities, including awards under our equity compensation plans. In addition, the computation of the diluted EPS of Class A common stock assumes the conversion from Class B common stock, while the diluted EPS of Class B common stock does not assume the conversion of those shares. Diluted EPS attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the resulting net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of fully diluted common shares outstanding.

Dilutive securities in our diluted EPS calculation for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 do not include Pre-2011 RSUs. Vesting of these RSUs is dependent upon the satisfaction of both a service condition and a liquidity condition. The liquidity condition is satisfied upon the occurrence of a qualifying event, defined as a change of control transaction or six months following the completion of our IPO. Our IPO did not occur until May 2012. Therefore, prior to this date the holders of these RSUs had no rights in our undistributed earnings and accordingly, they are excluded from the effect of basic and dilutive securities in the three and six months ended June 30, 2011. However, subsequent to the completion of our IPO in May 2012, these RSUs are included in our basic and diluted EPS calculation for the six months ended June 30, 2012. Post-2011 RSUs are not subject to a liquidity condition in order to vest, and are thus included in the calculation of diluted EPS. We also excluded 0.4 million Post-2011 RSUs for the three months ended June 30, 2011, 8.1 million and 0.7 million Post-2011 RSUs for the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, because the impact would be antidilutive. No dilutive securities have been included in the diluted EPS calculation for the three months ended June 30, 2012 due to our reporting a net loss for the quarter.

Basic and diluted EPS are the same for each class of common stock because they are entitled to the same liquidation and dividend rights.

 

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The numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted EPS computations for our common stock are calculated as follows (in millions, except per share amounts):

 

     Three Months Ended June 30,      Six Months Ended June 30,  
     2012     2011      2012      2011  
     Class A     Class B     Class A      Class B      Class A      Class B      Class A      Class B  

Basic EPS:

                     

Numerator

                     

Net (loss) income

   $ (31 )   $ (126 )   $ 20      $ 220      $ 7      $ 41      $ 39      $ 432  

Less: Net income attributable to participating securities

     0        0        7         74         3         18         13         147   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders

   $ (31 )   $ (126 )   $ 13      $ 146      $ 4      $ 23      $ 26      $ 285  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Denominator

                     

Weighted average shares outstanding

     377       1,505       110        1,188        247        1,369         105        1,167  

Less: Shares subject to repurchase

     1        2        1         5         1         2         0         5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Number of shares used for basic EPS computation

     376       1,503       109        1,183        246        1,367        105        1,162  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Basic EPS

   $ (0.08 )   $ (0.08 )   $ 0.12      $ 0.12      $ 0.02      $ 0.02      $ 0.25      $ 0.25  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Diluted EPS:

                     

Numerator

                     

Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders

   $ (31 )   $ (126 )   $ 13      $ 146       $ 4      $ 23      $ 26      $ 285  

Reallocation of net income attributable to participating securities

     0        0        8         0         1         0         16         0   

Reallocation of net (loss) income as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A common stock

     (126     0        146         0         23         0         285         0   

Reallocation of net income to Class B common stock

     0        0        0         9         0         1         0         19   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders for diluted EPS

   $ (157 )   $ (126 )   $ 167      $ 155      $ 28      $ 24      $ 327      $ 304  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Denominator

                     

Number of shares used for basic EPS computation

     376       1,503       109        1,183        246        1,367        105        1,162  

Conversion of Class B to Class A common stock

     1,503       0       1,183         0        1,367        0        1,162        0  

Weighted average effect of dilutive securities:

                     

Employee stock options

     0        0       206        206        155        155        223         223   

RSUs

     0       0       6        6         22        22        2         2   

Shares subject to repurchase

     0       0       4         4         2        2        4         4   

Warrants

     0       0       2        2         0        0        3         3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Number of shares used for diluted EPS computation

     1,879       1,503       1,510        1,401        1,792        1,546         1,499        1,394  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Diluted EPS

   $ (0.08 )   $ (0.08 )   $ 0.11      $ 0.11      $ 0.02      $ 0.02      $ 0.22      $ 0.22  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Note 3.    Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consist of the following (in millions):

 

     June 30,
2012
    December 31,
2011
 

Network equipment

   $ 1,479      $ 1,016   

Land

     34        34   

Buildings

     449        355   

Leasehold improvements

     142        120   

Computer software, office equipment and other

     88        73   

Construction in progress

     542        327   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     2,734        1,925   

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (629     (450
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

   $ 2,105      $ 1,475   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Construction in progress includes costs primarily related to the construction of data centers and equipment located in our new data centers in Oregon, North Carolina and Sweden.

Note 4.    Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill and other intangible assets consist of the following (in millions):

 

     June 30,
2012
    December 31,
2011
 

Acquired patents

   $ 684      $ 51   

Acquired non-compete agreements

     21        18   

Acquired technology and other

     49        43   

Accumulated amortization

     (45     (32
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net acquired intangible assets

     709        80   

Goodwill

     100        82   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Goodwill and other intangible assets

   $ 809      $ 162   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Acquired patents have estimated useful lives ranging from three to 18 years at acquisition. The average term of acquired non-compete agreements is generally two years. Acquired technology and other have estimated useful lives of two to ten years. Amortization expense of intangible assets for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 was $8 million and $13 million, respectively, and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 was $5 million and $10 million, respectively.

During the six months ended June 30, 2012, we completed business acquisitions for total consideration of $24 million. These acquisitions were not material to our condensed consolidated financial statements individually or in the aggregate.

The following table presents the aggregated estimated fair value of the assets acquired for acquisition completed during the six months ended June 30, 2012 (in millions):

 

Goodwill

   $             18   

Acquired technology and other

     6  

Acquired non-compete agreements

     3  

Deferred tax liabilities

     (3
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 24  
  

 

 

 

 

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Pro forma results of operations related to our acquisitions during the six months ended June 30, 2012 have not been presented because they are not material to our condensed consolidated statements of operations, either individually or in the aggregate. For acquisitions completed during the six months ended June 30, 2012, acquired technology has a weighted-average useful life of three years and the term of the non-compete agreements is two years.

During the six months ended June 30, 2012, we acquired $633 million of patents and other intellectual property rights. We completed the largest of these acquisitions in June 2012 under an agreement with Microsoft Corporation pursuant to which we were assigned Microsoft’s rights to acquire approximately 615 U.S. patents and patent applications and their foreign counterparts, consisting of approximately 170 foreign patents and patent applications, that were subject to an agreement between AOL Inc. and Microsoft entered into on April 5, 2012. We paid $550 million in cash in exchange for these patents and patent applications. As part of this transaction, we established a deferred tax liability of $49 million to reflect the difference between the future tax basis and book basis in the acquired patents and patent applications, which also increased the capitalized patent cost by this amount. As part of this transaction, we obtained a license to the other AOL patents and patent applications being purchased by Microsoft and granted Microsoft a license to the AOL patents and patent applications that we acquired. The acquisitions of these patents, patent applications and other intellectual property rights were accounted for as asset acquisitions. Patents acquired during the six months ended June 30, 2012 have estimated useful lives ranging from three to 17 years at acquisition.

Estimated amortization expense for the unamortized acquired intangible assets for the next five years and thereafter is as follows (in millions):

 

The remainder of 2012

   $ 53   

2013

     95   

2014

     89   

2015

     84   

2016

     75   

2017

     66   

Thereafter

     247   
  

 

 

 
   $ 709   
  

 

 

 

Note 5.    Fair Value Measurements

Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below (in millions):

 

            Fair Value Measurement at
Reporting Date Using
 

Description

   June 30, 2012      Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
     Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
     Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

Cash equivalents:

           

Money market funds

   $ 944       $ 944       $             0       $             0   

U.S. government securities

     517         517         0         0   

U.S. government agency securities

     69         69         0         0   

Marketable securities:

           

U.S. government securities

     5,557         5,557         0         0   

U.S. government agency securities

     2,533         2,533         0         0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total cash equivalents and marketable securities

   $ 9,620       $ 9,620       $ 0       $ 0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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            Fair Value Measurement at
Reporting Date Using
 

Description

   December 31,
2011
     Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
     Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
     Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

Cash equivalents:

           

Money market funds

   $ 892       $ 892       $             0       $             0   

U.S. government securities

     60         60         0         0   

U.S. government agency securities

     50         50         0         0   

Marketable securities:

           

U.S. government securities

     1,415         1,415         0         0   

U.S. government agency securities

     981         981         0         0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total cash equivalents and marketable securities

   $ 3,398       $ 3,398       $ 0       $ 0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Gross unrealized gains or losses for cash equivalents and marketable securities as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were not material.

The following table classifies our marketable securities by contractual maturities as of June 30, 2012 (in millions):

 

     Fair Value  

Due in one year

   $ 5,369   

Due in one to two years

     2,721   
  

 

 

 
   $ 8,090   
  

 

 

 

Note 6.    Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

We have entered into various capital lease arrangements to obtain property and equipment for our operations. Additionally, on occasion we have purchased property and equipment for which we have subsequently obtained capital financing under sale-leaseback transactions. These agreements are typically for three years except for building leases which are for 15 years, with interest rates ranging from 1% to 13%. The leases are secured by the underlying leased buildings and equipment. We have also entered into various non-cancelable operating lease agreements for certain of our offices, equipment, land and data centers with original lease periods expiring between 2012 and 2027. We are committed to pay a portion of the related actual operating expenses under certain of these lease agreements. Certain of these arrangements have free rent periods and/or escalating rent payment provisions, and we recognize rent expense under such arrangements on a straight-line basis.

Operating lease expense totaled $50 million and $101 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, and $61 million and $119 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011.

 

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Other Agreements

In April 2012, we entered into an agreement to acquire Instagram, Inc., which has built a mobile phone-based photo-sharing service, for 22,999,412 shares of our common stock and $300 million in cash. The value of the equity component of the final purchase price will be determined for accounting purposes based on the fair value of our common stock on the closing date. Following the closing of this acquisition, we plan to maintain Instagram’s products as independent mobile applications to enhance our photos product offerings and to enable users to increase their levels of mobile engagement and photo sharing. This acquisition is subject to customary closing conditions, including the expiration or early termination of all applicable waiting periods under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act of 1976, as amended (HSR), and is expected to close in 2012. We have agreed to pay Instagram a $200 million termination fee if governmental authorities permanently enjoin or otherwise prevent the completion of the merger or if either party terminates the agreement after December 10, 2012.

Contingencies

Legal Matters

On March 12, 2012, Yahoo filed a lawsuit against us in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, claiming that we infringe ten of Yahoo’s patents that Yahoo claimed relate to “advertising,” “social networking,” “privacy,” “customization,” and “messaging,” and on April 27, 2012 Yahoo added two patents to the lawsuit that Yahoo claims relate to “advertising.” Yahoo sought unspecified damages, a damage multiplier for alleged willful infringement, and an injunction. On April 3, 2012, we filed our answer with respect to this complaint and asserted counterclaims that Yahoo’s products infringe ten of our patents. On July 6, 2012, the parties entered into a settlement agreement resolving all claims made in the litigation. On July 9, 2012, the parties filed a stipulated dismissal of the litigation with the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California and this litigation was dismissed on July 10, 2012. We have no payment obligations under this settlement agreement.

Beginning on May 22, 2012, multiple putative class actions, derivative actions, and individual actions were filed in state and federal courts in the United States and in other jurisdictions against us, our directors, and/or certain of our officers alleging violation of securities laws or breach of fiduciary duties in connection with our IPO and seeking unspecified damages. We believe these lawsuits are without merit, and we are vigorously defending these lawsuits. In addition, following our IPO, the events surrounding our IPO became the subject of government inquiries, and we have received requests for information in connection with certain of those inquiries.

We are also party to various legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business.

In the opinion of management, there was not at least a reasonable possibility we may have incurred a material loss, or a material loss in excess of a recorded accrual, with respect to loss contingencies relating to the matters set forth above. However, the outcome of litigation is inherently uncertain. Therefore, although management considers the likelihood of such an outcome to be remote, if one or more of these legal matters were resolved against us in the same reporting period for amounts in excess of management’s expectations, our condensed consolidated financial statements of a particular reporting period could be materially adversely affected.

Credit Facility

In February 2012, we entered into an agreement for an unsecured five-year revolving credit facility that allows us to borrow up to $5,000 million for general corporate purposes, with interest payable on the borrowed amounts set at LIBOR plus 1.0%. Under the terms of the agreement, we are obligated to pay a commitment fee of 0.10% per annum on the daily undrawn balance.

Concurrent with our entering into the revolving credit facility, we also entered into a bridge credit facility agreement that allows us to borrow up to $3,000 million to fund tax withholding and remittance obligations related to the settlement of RSUs in connection with our IPO, with interest payable on the borrowed amounts set at LIBOR plus 1.0% and an additional 0.25% payable on drawn balances outstanding from and after the 180th day of borrowing. Any amounts outstanding under this facility will be due one year after the date we draw on the facility but no later than June 30, 2014. During the term of this bridge facility, the lenders’ commitments are subject to reduction and amounts borrowed thereunder are subject to repayment in the event we raise capital through certain asset sales, debt issuances, or equity issuances. Under the terms of the agreement, we are obligated to pay a commitment fee of 0.10% per annum on the daily undrawn balance from and after the 90th day following the date we entered into the bridge facility.

 

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No amounts were drawn down under these credit and bridge credit facility agreements as of June 30, 2012.

Note 7.     Stockholders’ Equity

Share-based Compensation Plans

We maintain three share-based employee compensation plans: the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, the 2005 Stock Plan and the 2005 Officers’ Stock Plan (Stock Plans). In January 2012, our board of directors approved our 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (2012 Plan), and in April 2012 our stockholders adopted the 2012 Plan, effective on May 17, 2012, which serves as the successor to our 2005 Stock Plan and provides for the issuance of incentive and nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock awards, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units, performance shares and stock bonuses to qualified employees, directors and consultants. No new awards will be issued under the 2005 Stock Plan as of the effective date of the 2012 Plan. Outstanding awards under the 2005 Stock Plan continue to be subject to the terms and conditions of the 2005 Stock Plan. Shares available for grant under the 2005 Stock Plan, which were reserved but not issued or subject to outstanding awards under the 2005 Stock Plan as of the effective date, were added to the reserves of the 2012 Plan.

We have initially reserved 25,000,000 shares of our Class A common stock for issuance under our 2012 Plan. The number of shares reserved for issuance under our 2012 Plan will increase automatically on the first day of January of each of 2013 through 2022. The maximum term for stock options granted under the 2012 Plan may not exceed ten years from the date of grant. Our 2012 Plan will terminate ten years from the date our board of directors approved the plan, unless it is terminated earlier by our board of directors.

The 2005 Officers’ Stock Plan provides for up to 120,000,000 shares of incentive and nonstatutory stock options to certain of our employees or officers. The 2005 Officers’ Stock Plan will terminate ten years after its adoption unless terminated earlier by our compensation committee. Stock options become vested and exercisable at such times and under such conditions as determined by our compensation committee on the date of grant. In November 2005, we issued a nonstatutory stock option to our CEO to purchase 120,000,000 shares of our Class B common stock under the 2005 Officers’ Stock Plan. As of June 30, 2012, the option had been partially exercised in respect of 60,000,000 shares with the remainder remaining outstanding and fully vested, and no options were available for future issuance under the 2005 Officers’ Stock Plan.

The following table summarizes the stock option and RSU award activity under the Stock Plans during the six months ended June 30, 2012:

 

           Shares Subject to Options Outstanding      Outstanding RSUs  
     Shares
Available
for Grant
    Number of
Shares
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
     Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
     Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value (1)
     Outstanding
RSUs
    Weighted
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
 
     (in thousands)     (in thousands)            (in years)      (in millions)      (in thousands)        

Balance as of December 31, 2011

     52,318        258,539      $ 0.47         4.38       $ 7,360         378,772      $ 6.83   

RSUs granted

     (28,603     0                 28,603        36.04   

Stock options exercised

     0        (84,078     0.11               0     

Stock options forfeited/cancelled

     584        (584     0.62               0     

RSUs forfeited and cancelled

     4,385        0                 (4,385     14.86   

2012 Equity Incentive Plan shares authorized

     25,000                  
  

 

 

   

 

 

            

 

 

   

Balance as of June 30, 2012

     53,684        173,877      $ 0.65         4.08       $ 5,294         402,990      $ 8.81   
  

 

 

   

 

 

            

 

 

   

 

(1)

The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying stock option awards and the assessed fair value of our common stock as of December 31, 2011 and the closing market price of our common stock as of June 30, 2012.

 

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Note 8.     Income Taxes

Our tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of our annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items arising in that quarter. In each quarter we update our estimate of the annual effective tax rate, and if our estimated annual tax rate changes, we make a cumulative adjustment in that quarter. Our quarterly tax provision, and our quarterly estimate of our annual effective tax rate, are subject to significant volatility due to several factors, including our ability to accurately predict our pre-tax income and loss in multiple jurisdictions, including the portions of our share-based compensation that will not generate tax benefits, and the effects of acquisitions and the integration of those acquisitions. In addition, our effective tax rate can be more or less volatile based on the amount of pre-tax income. For example, the impact of non-deductible share based compensation expenses on our effective tax rate is significantly greater when our pre-tax income is lower.

Our effective tax rate has exceeded the U.S. statutory rate primarily because of losses arising outside the United States in jurisdictions where we do not receive a tax benefit and the impact of non-deductible share-based compensation. These losses were primarily due to the initial start-up costs incurred by our foreign subsidiaries to operate in certain foreign markets, including the costs incurred by those subsidiaries to license, develop, and use our intellectual property. Our effective tax rate in the future will depend on the portion of our profits earned within and outside the United States, which will also be affected by our methodologies for valuing our intellectual property and intercompany transactions.

Our effective tax rate in the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 exceeded our effective tax rate in 2011 because the amount of losses arising outside the United States in jurisdictions where we do not receive a tax benefit and the amount of non-deductible share-based compensation are proportionately larger relative to pre-tax income in 2012 than in 2011. Our effective tax rate in 2012 was also higher due to the expiration of the federal tax credit for research and development activities.

Our income tax refundable was $567 million as of June 30, 2012, which is an increase of $567 million from December 31, 2011. This balance reflects the expected refund of estimated income tax payments made in 2012 and the expected refund from income tax loss carrybacks to 2010 and 2011. Our net deferred tax assets were $396 million as of June 30, 2012, which is an increase of $336 million from December 31, 2011. This increase is primarily due to the recognition of tax benefits related to share-based compensation.

We are subject to taxation in the United States and various other state and foreign jurisdictions. The material jurisdictions in which we are subject to potential examination include the United States and Ireland. We are under examination by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) for our 2008 and 2009 tax years. We believe that adequate amounts have been reserved for any adjustments that may ultimately result from these examinations and we do not anticipate a significant impact to our gross unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months related to these years. Our 2010 and 2011 tax years remain subject to examination by the IRS and all tax years starting in 2008 remain subject to examination in Ireland. We remain subject to possible examinations or are undergoing audits in various other jurisdictions that are not material to our financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

Although the timing of the resolution, settlement, and closure of any audits is highly uncertain, it is reasonably possible that the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits could significantly change in the next 12 months. However, given the number of years remaining that are subject to examination, we are unable to estimate the full range of possible adjustments to the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits.

Note 9.     Geographical Information

Revenue by geography is based on the billing address of the advertiser or Platform developer. The following tables set forth revenue and long-lived assets by geographic area (in millions):

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
     Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2012      2011      2012      2011  

Revenue:

           

United States

   $ 588       $ 515       $ 1,124       $ 942   

Rest of the world (1)

     596         380         1,118         684   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenue

   $ 1,184       $ 895       $ 2,242       $ 1,626   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

No individual country exceeded 10% of our total revenue for any period presented

 

                                                                         
     June 30, 2012      December 31, 2011  

Long-lived assets:

     

United States

   $ 1,978       $ 1,444   

Rest of the world(1)

     127         31   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total long-lived assets

   $ 2,105       $ 1,475   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

No individual country exceeded 10% of our total long-lived assets for any period presented

 

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our audited consolidated financial statements included in our prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 18, 2012 (Prospectus). In addition to historical condensed consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates, and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, particularly in Part II. Item 1A. “Risk Factors.” For a discussion of limitations in the measurement of certain of our user metrics, see the section entitled “—Limitations of Key Metrics.”

Overview

Our mission is to make the world more open and connected. Facebook enables you to express yourself and connect with the world around you instantly and freely.

We build products that support our mission by creating utility for users, developers, and advertisers:

Users. We enable people who use Facebook to stay connected with their friends and family, to discover what is going on in the world around them, and to share and express what matters to them to the people they care about.

Developers. We enable developers to use the Facebook Platform to build applications (apps) and websites that integrate with Facebook to reach our global network of users and to build products that are more personalized, social, and engaging.

Advertisers. We enable advertisers to engage with more than 950 million monthly active users (MAUs) on Facebook or subsets of our users based on information they have chosen to share with us such as their age, location, gender, or interests. We offer advertisers a unique combination of reach, relevance, social context, and engagement to enhance the value of their ads.

We generate substantially all of our revenue from advertising and from fees associated with our Payments infrastructure that enables users to purchase virtual and digital goods from our Platform developers. In the second quarter of 2012, we recorded revenue of $1,184 million, incurred loss from operations of $743 million and net loss of $157 million. In the first six months of 2012, we recorded revenue of $2,242 million, incurred loss from operations of $362 million and net income of $48 million. Total costs and expenses grew more than revenue, due in particular to significant increases in share-based compensation and related payroll tax expenses for restricted stock units (RSUs) during the second quarter and the first six months of 2012. During the second quarter and the first six months of 2012, we recognized $1,258 million and $1,362 million of share-based compensation and related payroll tax expenses, respectively. Of these amounts, $1,101 million was due to the recognition of share-based compensation and related payroll tax expenses related to RSUs granted prior to January 1, 2011 (Pre-2011 RSUs) triggered by the completion of our initial public offering (IPO) in May 2012.

 

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Trends in Our User Metrics

 

   

Monthly Active Users (MAUs). We define a monthly active user as a registered Facebook user who logged in and visited Facebook through our website or a mobile device, or took an action to share content or activity with his or her Facebook friends or connections via a third-party website that is integrated with Facebook, in the last 30 days as of the date of measurement. MAUs are a measure of the size of our global active user community, which has grown substantially in the past several years. In June 2012, we discovered an error in the algorithm we used to estimate the geographic location of our users that affected our attribution of certain user locations for the first quarter of 2012. While this issue did not affect our overall worldwide MAU number, it did affect our attribution of users to different geographic regions. The first quarter of 2012 user metrics below reflect the reclassification to more correctly attribute users by geographic region.

 

LOGO

Note: For purposes of reporting MAUs, DAUs, and ARPU by geographic region, Europe includes all users in Russia and Turkey, Asia includes all users in Australia and New Zealand, and Rest of World includes Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East.

As of June 30, 2012, we had 955 million MAUs, an increase of 29% from June 30, 2011. Users in Brazil, India, and Indonesia represented key sources of growth in the second quarter of 2012 relative to the prior year. We had 54 million MAUs in Brazil as of June 30, 2012, an increase of 146% compared to the same period in 2011; we had 59 million MAUs in India as of June 30, 2012, an increase of 84% compared to the same period in 2011; and we had 55 million MAUs in Indonesia as of June 30, 2012, an increase of 24% compared to the same period in 2011. Additionally, we had 168 million MAUs in the United States as of June 30, 2012, an increase of 10% compared to the same period in 2011.

 

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Daily Active Users (DAUs). We define a daily active user as a registered Facebook user who logged in and visited Facebook through our website or a mobile device, or took an action to share content or activity with his or her Facebook friends or connections via a third-party website that is integrated with Facebook, on a given day. We view DAUs, and DAUs as a percentage of MAUs, as measures of user engagement.

 

LOGO

Note: For non-worldwide DAU user numbers presented for the periods marked March 31, 2012 and June 30, 2012, the figures represent an average of the first 25 days of the period and the last 27 days of the period, respectively, in order to avoid using data subject to the algorithm error described in the MAU section above. These average numbers do not meaningfully differ from the average numbers when calculated over a full month.

Worldwide DAUs increased 32% to 552 million on average during June 2012 from 417 million during June 2011. We experienced growth in DAUs across major markets including Brazil, the United States, and India. Overall growth in DAUs was driven largely by increased mobile usage of Facebook. Relative to March 31, 2012, DAUs increased from 526 million to 552 million, due to an increase in mobile users. During the second quarter of 2012, the number of DAUs using personal computers was essentially flat, and declined modestly in certain key markets such as the United States and Europe, while mobile DAUs continued to increase.

 

   

Mobile MAUs . We define a mobile MAU as a user who accessed Facebook via a mobile app or via mobile-optimized versions of our website such as m.facebook.com, whether on a mobile phone or tablet such as the iPad, during the period of measurement.

 

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Worldwide mobile MAUs increased by 67% from 325 million as of June 30, 2011 to 543 million as of June 30, 2012. In all regions, an increasing number of our MAUs are accessing Facebook through mobile devices, with users in the United States, India, and Brazil representing key sources of mobile growth over this period. Approximately 102 million mobile MAUs accessed Facebook solely through mobile apps or our mobile website during the month ended June 30, 2012, increasing 23% from 83 million during the month ended March 31, 2012. The remaining 441 million mobile MAUs accessed Facebook from both personal computers and mobile devices during that month.

 

LOGO

Trends in Our Monetization by User Geography

We calculate our revenue by user geography based on our estimate of the geography in which ad impressions are delivered or virtual goods are purchased. We define average revenue per user (ARPU) as our total revenue in a given geography during a given period, divided by the average of the number of MAUs in the geography at the beginning and end of the period. Our revenue and ARPU in markets such as the United States, Canada, and Europe are relatively higher due to the size and maturity of those advertising markets as well as our greater sales presence and the number of payment methods that we make available to advertisers and users.

 

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In June 2012, we discovered an error in the algorithm we used to estimate the geographic location of our users that affected our attribution of certain user locations for the first quarter of 2012. The first quarter of 2012 ARPU amount for the United States & Canada region below reflects an adjustment based on the reclassification to more correctly attribute users by geographic region.

 

LOGO

Note: Our revenue by user geography in the charts above is geographically apportioned based on our estimation of the geographic location of our users when they perform a revenue-generating activity. This allocation differs from our revenue by geography disclosure in our consolidated financial statements where revenue is geographically apportioned based on the location of the advertiser or developer.

During the second quarter of 2012, worldwide ARPU was $1.28, an increase of 2% from the second quarter of 2011. Over this period, ARPU increased by over 10% in the United States and Canada, Asia, and Rest of World, and by 8% in Europe. User growth was more rapid in geographies with relatively lower ARPU, such as Asia and Rest of World. These user growth dynamics resulted in worldwide ARPU increasing at a slower rate than the rate experienced in any geographic region. We expect that user growth in the future will continue to be higher in those regions where ARPU is relatively lower, such as Asia and Rest of World, such that worldwide ARPU may continue to increase at a slower rate relative to ARPU in any geographic region, or potentially decrease even if ARPU increases in each geographic region.

 

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Limitations of Key Metrics

The numbers of our MAUs and DAUs and ARPU are calculated using internal company data based on the activity of user accounts. While these numbers are based on what we believe to be reasonable estimates of our user base for the applicable period of measurement, there are inherent challenges in measuring usage of our products across large online and mobile populations around the world. For example, there may be individuals who maintain one or more Facebook accounts in violation of our terms of service, despite our efforts to detect and suppress such behavior. We estimate that “duplicate” accounts (an account that a user maintains in addition to his or her principal account) may have represented approximately 4.8% of our worldwide MAUs as of June 30, 2012. We also seek to identify “false” accounts, which we divide into two categories: (1) user-misclassified accounts, where users have created personal profiles for a business, organization, or non-human entity such as a pet (such entities are permitted on Facebook using a Page rather than a personal profile under our terms of service); and (2) undesirable accounts, which represent user profiles that we determine are intended to be used for purposes that violate our terms of service, such as spamming. As of June 30, 2012, we estimate user-misclassified accounts may have represented approximately 2.4% of our worldwide MAUs and undesirable accounts may have represented approximately 1.5% of our worldwide MAUs. We believe the percentage of accounts that are duplicate or false is meaningfully lower in developed markets such as the United States or Australia and higher in developing markets such as Indonesia and Turkey. However, these estimates are based on an internal review of a limited sample of accounts and we apply significant judgment in making this determination, such as identifying names that appear to be fake or other behavior that appears inauthentic to the reviewers. As such, our estimation of duplicate or false accounts may not accurately represent the actual number of such accounts. We are continually seeking to improve our ability to identify duplicate or false accounts and estimate the total number of such accounts, and such estimates may be affected by improvements or changes in our methodology.

Our metrics are also affected by applications on certain mobile devices that automatically contact our servers for regular updates with no user action involved, and this activity can cause our system to count the user associated with such a device as an active user on the day such contact occurs. For example, we estimate that less than 5% of our estimated worldwide DAUs as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 resulted from this type of automatic mobile activity, and that this type of activity had a substantially smaller effect on our estimate of worldwide MAUs and mobile MAUs. The impact of this automatic activity on our metrics varies by geography because mobile usage varies in different regions of the world. In addition, our data regarding the geographic location of our users is estimated based on a number of factors, such as the user’s IP address and self-disclosed location. These factors may not always accurately reflect the user’s actual location. For example, a mobile-only user may appear to be accessing Facebook from the location of the proxy server that the user connects to rather than from the user’s actual location. The methodologies used to measure user metrics may also be susceptible to algorithm or other technical errors. For example, in early June 2012, we discovered an error in the algorithm we used to estimate the geographic location of our users that affected our attribution of certain user locations for the period ended March 31, 2012. While this issue did not affect our overall worldwide MAU number, it did affect our attribution of users to different geographic regions. We estimate that the number of MAUs as of March 31, 2012 for the United States and Canada region was overstated as a result of the error by approximately 3% and these overstatements were offset by understatements in other regions. In addition, our estimates for revenue by user location are also affected by these factors. We regularly review and may adjust our processes for calculating these metrics to improve their accuracy. In addition, our MAU and DAU estimates will differ from estimates published by third parties due to differences in methodology. For example, some third parties do not count mobile users.

Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

We generate substantially all of our revenue from advertising and from fees associated with our Payments infrastructure that enables users to purchase virtual and digital goods from our Platform developers.

Advertising. Our advertising revenue is generated by displaying ad products on the Facebook website or mobile app and third-party affiliated websites. Advertisers pay for ad products which include Sponsored Stories in News Feed, either directly or through their relationships with advertising agencies, based on the number of impressions delivered or the number of clicks made by our users. We recognize revenue from the delivery of click-based ads or Sponsored Stories in the period in which a user clicks on the content. We recognize revenue from the display of impression-based ads or Sponsored Stories in the contracted period in which the impressions are delivered. Impressions are considered delivered when an ad or Sponsored Story is displayed to users. An individual Sponsored Story in News Feed that is purchased on an impression basis may be displayed to users more than once during a day, however only the initial display of the Sponsored Story is considered an impression, regardless of how many times the ad is actually displayed within the News Feed.

 

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Payments and other fees. We enable Payments from our users to our Platform developers. Our users can transact and make payments on the Facebook Platform by using credit cards, PayPal or other payment methods available on our website. We receive a fee from our Platform developers when users make purchases from our Platform developers using our Payments infrastructure. We recognize revenue net of amounts remitted to our Platform developers. We have mandated the use of our Payments infrastructure for game apps on Facebook, and fees related to Payments are generated almost exclusively from games. To date, games from Zynga have generated the majority of our payments and other fees revenue. In addition, we generate other fees revenue in connection with arrangements related to business development transactions and fees from various mobile providers; in recent periods, other fees revenue has been immaterial.

Cost of Revenue and Operating Expenses

Cost of revenue. Our cost of revenue consists primarily of expenses associated with the delivery and distribution of our products. These include expenses related to the operation of our data centers such as facility and server equipment depreciation, facility and server equipment rent expense, energy and bandwidth costs, support and maintenance costs, and salaries, benefits, and share-based compensation for employees on our operations teams. Cost of revenue also includes credit card and other transaction fees related to processing customer transactions.

Marketing and sales. Our marketing and sales expenses consist primarily of salaries, benefits, and share-based compensation for our employees engaged in sales, sales support, marketing, business development, and customer service functions. Our marketing and sales expenses also include user-, developer-, and advertiser-facing marketing and promotional expenditures.

Research and development. Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries, benefits, and share-based compensation for employees on our engineering and technical teams who are responsible for building new products as well as improving existing products. We expense substantially all of our research and development costs as they are incurred.

General and administrative. Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries, benefits, and share-based compensation for our executives as well as our legal, finance, human resources, corporate communications and policy, and other administrative employees. In addition, general and administrative expenses include outside consulting fees, legal and accounting services, and facilities and other supporting overhead costs. General and administrative expenses also include legal settlements.

We have reclassified certain prior period expense amounts from marketing and sales to general and administrative within our condensed consolidated statements of operations to conform to our current period presentation. These reclassifications did not affect revenue, total costs and expenses, (loss) income from operations, or net (loss) income.

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our historical condensed consolidated statements of operations data (in millions, except per share amounts):

 

     Three Months
Ended June 30,
     Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2012     2011      2012     2011  

Revenue

   $ 1,184     $ 895      $ 2,242      $ 1,626   

Costs and expenses

         

Cost of revenue

     367        210        644        377  

Marketing and sales

     392        96        535        158  

Research and development

     705        99        858        156  

General and administrative

     463        83        567        140  
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

     1,927        488        2,604        831  
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income from operations

     (743     407         (362     795   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income

   $ (157   $ 240      $ 48      $ 471   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share-based compensation expense included in costs and expenses:

         

Cost of revenue

     66        3         71        3   

Marketing and sales

     232        11         251        11   

Research and development

     545        35         605        39   

General and administrative

     263        15         282        18   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total share-based compensation expense

   $ 1,106      $ 64       $ 1,209      $ 71   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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The following table summarizes our historical condensed consolidated statements of operations data as a percentage of revenue for the periods shown:

 

     Three Months
Ended June 30,
    Six Months
Ended June 30,
 
     2012     2011     2012     2011  

Revenue

     100 %     100     100     100

Costs and expenses

        

Cost of revenue

     31        23       29        23  

Marketing and sales

     33        11       24        10  

Research and development

     60        11       38        10  

General and administrative

     39        9       25        9  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

     163        55       116        51  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income from operations

     (63     45        (16     49   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income

     (13 %)      27 %     2     29
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share-based compensation expense included in costs and expenses (as a percentage of total revenue):

 

Cost of revenue

     6     —   %     3     —   %

Marketing and sales

     20        1        11        1   

Research and development

     46        4        27        2   

General and administrative

     22        2        13        1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total share-based compensation expense

     93     7     54     4
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011

Revenue

 

     Three Months Ended June 30,            Six Months Ended June 30,         
     2012      2011      %
change
    2012      2011      %
change
 
     (in millions, except for percentages)  

Revenue:

                

Advertising

   $ 992       $ 776         28   $ 1,864       $ 1,413         32

Payments and other fees

     192        119        61     378        213        77
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total revenue

   $ 1,184       $ 895         32   $ 2,242       $ 1,626         38
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

    

Revenue in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 increased $289 million, or 32%, and $616 million, or 38%, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2011. The increase was due primarily to a 28% and 32% increase in advertising revenue during the second quarter and the first six months of 2012, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2011. Advertising revenue grew primarily due to an 18% and 26% increase in the number of ads delivered during the second quarter and the first six months of 2012, respectively, and to a lesser extent, due to a 9% and 4% increase in the average price per ad in those same periods.

 

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The increase in ads delivered was driven primarily by user growth and, to a lesser extent, the net effect of product changes that increased the average number of ads per page relative to last year. MAUs grew 29% from June 30, 2011 to June 30, 2012 and average DAUs grew 32% from June 2011 to June 2012 . The increase in the number of ads was lower than our increase in users, driven primarily by the increase in user engagement on mobile devices, where the number of ads shown per user is substantially lower. In the United States where smartphone use continues to grow, the overall number of ads delivered decreased 2% year-over-year despite a 10% increase in DAUs and despite an increase in ads per page resulting from product changes, as DAUs on personal computers in the United States declined. We expect that the trend of ads not growing at the same pace as user growth will continue as web usage grows more slowly than mobile usage and declines in certain markets where smartphone adoption is occurring most rapidly.

Growth in the average price per ad for the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 compared to the same periods in 2011 was driven primarily by an increase in price per ad in the United States, which benefited from growth in Sponsored Stories in News Feed across desktop and mobile devices during the second quarter of 2012. Sponsored Stories in News Feed, which currently represent a small percentage of our advertising revenue, have a significantly higher average price per ad due to factors which include the prominent position of the Sponsored Stories. The increase in price per ad in the United States was partially offset by an increased percentage of our worldwide ads being delivered in the Asia and Rest of World geographies where the average price per ad, while growing on a year-over-year basis, is relatively lower. The average price per ad was also affected by a decline in the average price per ad in Europe in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 compared to the same periods in 2011 due in part, we believe, to continuing weak economic conditions in that region affecting advertiser demand.

Payments and other fees revenue in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 increased to $192 million, or 61% and $378 million or 77%, respectively as compared to the same periods in 2011. Payments revenue has been relatively flat over the last three sequential quarters, we believe due primarily to the fact that gaming in general has been growing faster on mobile devices where our Payments system is generally not utilized. Facebook Payments became mandatory for all game developers accepting payments on the Facebook Platform with limited exceptions on July 1, 2011. Accordingly, comparisons of Payments and other fees revenue to periods before this date may not be meaningful. Our Payments terms and conditions provide for a 30-day claim period subsequent to a Payments transaction during which the customer may dispute the virtual or digital goods transaction. To date, we have deferred recognition of Payments revenue until the expiration of this period as we were unable to make reasonable and reliable estimates of future refunds or chargebacks arising during this claim period, due to lack of historical transactional information. In the fourth quarter of 2012, we will have 24 months of historical transactional information which we currently anticipate will enable us to estimate future refunds and chargebacks. Accordingly, in the fourth quarter of 2012 we expect to record all Payments revenues at the time of the purchase of the related virtual or digital goods, net of estimated refunds or chargebacks. We anticipate that this change will result in a one-time increase in Payments revenue in the fourth quarter.

Ten percent of our total revenue for both the second quarter and the first six months of 2012, and 12% of our total revenue for both the second quarter and the first six months of 2011 came from a single customer, Zynga. This revenue consisted of Payments processing fees related to Zynga’s sale of virtual goods and from direct advertising purchased by Zynga. Additionally, Zynga’s apps generate pages on which we display ads from other advertisers; for the second quarter and the first six months of 2012, we estimate that an additional approximately 4% of our total revenue was generated from the display of these ads. In May 2010, we entered into an addendum to our standard terms and conditions with Zynga pursuant to which it agreed to use Facebook Payments as the primary means of payment within Zynga games played on the Facebook Platform. Under this addendum, we retain a fee of up to 30% of the face value of user purchases in Zynga’s games on the Facebook Platform. This addendum expires in May 2015. Additionally, the addendum allows Facebook to display ads on Zynga.com, and in the second quarter of 2012 we began delivering ads on Zynga.com. The revenue associated with these ads was immaterial for the second quarter and the first six months of 2012.

 

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Cost of revenue

 

     Three Months Ended June 30,           Six Months Ended June 30,        
     2012     2011     %
change
    2012     2011     %
change
 
     (in millions, except for percentages)  

Cost of revenue

   $ 367      $ 210        75   $ 644      $ 377        71

Percentage of revenue

     31 %     23 %       29 %     23 %  

Cost of revenue in the second quarter of 2012 increased $157 million, or 75%, compared to the same period in 2011 and increased by $267 million, or 71% in the first six months of 2012 compared to the same period in 2011. The increases were primarily due to expenses related to expanding our data center operations, including $62 million and $121 million increases in depreciation in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012, respectively. Share-based compensation expense increased by $63 million and $68 million in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2011 mainly due to recognition of expense related to Pre-2011 RSUs triggered by the completion of our IPO in May 2012 and, to a lesser extent, RSUs granted on or after January 1, 2011 (Post-2011 RSUs). Increases in payroll and benefits expenses resulting from a 72% increase in employee headcount also contributed to increases in cost of revenue during the periods presented. These expenses supported our user growth, the increased usage of our products by users, developers, and advertisers, and the launch of new products.

Marketing and sales

 

     Three Months Ended June 30,          Six Months Ended June 30,      
     2012     2011     %
change
   2012     2011     %
change
     (in millions, except for percentages)

Marketing and sales

   $ 392      $ 96      NM    $ 535      $ 158      NM

Percentage of revenue

     33 %     11 %        24 %     10 %  

Marketing and sales expenses in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 increased $296 million and $377 million, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2011. The increases were primarily due to increased share-based compensation expense of $221 million and $240 million in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012, respectively, resulting from recognition of expense related to Pre-2011 RSUs triggered by the completion of our IPO in May 2012 and, to a lesser extent, Post-2011 RSUs. The increases were also due to an increase in payroll and benefits expenses resulting from a 33% increase in employee headcount to support global sales, business development, and customer service, as well as an increase in our user-, developer-, and advertiser-facing marketing.

Research and development

 

     Three Months Ended June 30,            Six Months Ended June 30,        
     2012     2011     %
change
     2012     2011     %
change
 
     (in millions, except for percentages)  

Research and development

   $ 705      $ 99        NM       $ 858      $ 156        NM   

Percentage of revenue

     60 %     11 %        38 %     10 %  

Research and development expenses in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 increased $606 million and $702 million, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2011. The increases were primarily due to increased share-based compensation expense of $510 million and $566 million in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012, respectively, resulting from recognition of expense related to Pre-2011 RSUs and, to a lesser extent, Post-2011 RSUs. Payroll and benefits expense also increased due to a 65% growth in employee headcount in engineering, design, product management, and other technical functions. This investment supported our efforts to improve existing products and build new products for users, developers, and advertisers.

 

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General and administrative

 

     Three Months Ended June 30,          Six Months Ended June 30,      
     2012     2011     %
change
   2012     2011     %
change
     (in millions, except for percentages)

General and administrative

   $ 463      $ 83      NM    $ 567      $ 140      NM

Percentage of revenue

     39 %     9 %        25 %     9 %  

General and administrative expenses in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 increased $380 million and $427 million, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2011. The increases were primarily due to increased share-based compensation expense of $248 million and $264 million in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012, respectively, resulting from recognition of expense related to Pre-2011 and, to a lesser extent, Post-2011 RSUs. Payroll and benefits expenses also increased due to a 58% increase in employee headcount in human resources, finance, corporate communications and policy, legal, and other functions. Additionally, an accrual for a proposed legal settlement reached in the second quarter of 2012 as well as growth in legal fees, outside consulting fees and insurance contributed to the increases.

Interest and other income (expense), net

 

     Three Months Ended June 30,           Six Months Ended June 30,        
     2012     2011     %
change
    2012     2011     %
change
 
     (in millions, except for percentages)  

Interest expense

   $ (10   $ (9     11   $ (24   $ (17     41

Other income (expense), net

     (12 )     1       NM        3       19       (84 %) 
  

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

   

Total interest and other income (expense), net

   $ (22   $ (8     175   $ (21   $ 2        NM   
  

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

   

Interest expense increased by $1 million and $7 million in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2011 primarily due to an increased volume of property and equipment financed by capital leases. Changes in other income (expense), net for the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 compared to the same periods in 2011 were mostly due to foreign exchange losses resulting from the periodic re-measurement of our foreign currency balances, partially offset by an increase in interest income driven by larger invested cash balances.

Income Tax Provision

 

     Three Months Ended June 30,          Six Months Ended June 30,      
     2012     2011     %
change
   2012     2011     %
change
     (in millions, except for percentages)

Benefit from (provision for) income taxes

   $ 608      $ (159   NM    $ 431      $ (326   NM

Effective tax rate

     79 %     40 %        113 %     41 %  

 

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Our provision for income taxes in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 decreased $767 million and $757 million, respectively, resulting in income tax benefits of $608 million and $431 million in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2011 primarily due to the pre-tax losses generated in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 and the associated tax benefits recorded for these losses.

Our effective tax rate in the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 increased primarily due to additional losses arising outside the United States in jurisdictions where we do not receive a tax benefit, the impact of certain non-deductible share-based compensation expense that was recognized during the periods, and the expiration of the federal tax credit for research and development activities.

Our effective tax rate in the third quarter and full year of 2012 could exceed 100% depending on the amount and geographic mix of our income before provision for income taxes. If our effective tax rate exceeds 100%, we would have a net loss even though our income before provision for income taxes was positive for any period in which that occurs.

Our effective tax rate has exceeded the U.S. statutory rate primarily because of losses arising outside the United States in jurisdictions where we do not receive a tax benefit and the impact of non-deductible share-based compensation. These losses were primarily due to the initial start-up costs incurred by our foreign subsidiaries to operate in certain foreign markets, including the costs incurred by those subsidiaries to license, develop, and use our intellectual property. Our effective tax rate in the future will depend on the portion of our profits earned within and outside the United States, which will also be affected by our methodologies for valuing our intellectual property and intercompany transactions.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of liquidity are our cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and cash generated from operations. Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities consist primarily of cash on deposit with banks and investments in money market funds and U.S. government and U.S. government agency securities. Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities totaled $10.2 billion as of June 30, 2012, an increase of $6.3 billion from December 31, 2011. The most significant cash flow activities consisted of $6.8 billion from financing activities, due to net proceeds from our IPO, which was completed in May 2012, and $683 million of cash generated from operations, offset by $866 million used for capital expenditures and $575 million used for acquisition of businesses and other assets. We currently anticipate that our available funds, credit facilities, and cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet our operational cash needs for the foreseeable future.

In April 2012, we entered into an agreement to acquire Instagram, Inc., which has built a mobile phone-based photo-sharing service, for 22,999,412 shares of our common stock and $300 million in cash. The value of the equity component of the final purchase price will be determined for accounting purposes based on the fair value of our common stock on the closing date. Following the closing of this acquisition, we plan to maintain Instagram’s products as independent mobile applications to enhance our photos product offerings and to enable users to increase their levels of mobile engagement and photo sharing. This acquisition is subject to customary closing conditions, including the expiration or early termination of all applicable HSR waiting periods, and is expected to close in 2012. We have agreed to pay Instagram a $200 million termination fee if governmental authorities permanently enjoin or otherwise prevent the completion of the merger or if either party terminates the agreement after December 10, 2012.

 

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Pre-2011 RSUs vest upon the satisfaction of both a service condition and a liquidity condition. The liquidity condition will be satisfied in November 2012. Under settlement procedures applicable to these awards, we are permitted to deliver the underlying shares within 30 days before or after the date on which the liquidity condition is satisfied. As a result, we expect that a portion of these RSUs that are held by our directors and then current employees will be settled on a date that is between October 15, 2012 and November 13, 2012. In addition, a portion of these RSUs that are held by former employees will be settled on or about November 14, 2012. On the settlement dates, we plan to withhold and remit income taxes for certain RSU holders at applicable minimum statutory rates based on the then current value of the underlying shares. We currently expect that the average of these withholding tax rates will be approximately 45%. Assuming the price of our common stock at the time of settlement were equal to the closing price of our Class A common stock on June 30, 2012, and based on Pre-2011 RSUs outstanding as of June 30, 2012 for which the service condition will be satisfied as of the date of settlement, we estimate that this tax obligation would be approximately $3.7 billion in the aggregate. The amount of this obligation could be higher or lower, depending on the closing price of our shares at the time of settlement. To settle these RSUs, assuming an approximate 45% tax withholding rate, we anticipate that we will net settle the awards by delivering an aggregate of approximately 153 million shares of Class B common stock to RSU holders and withholding an aggregate of approximately 120 million shares of Class B common stock based on RSUs outstanding as of June 30, 2012 for which the service condition will be satisfied as of the date of settlement. In connection with these net settlements, we will withhold and remit the tax liabilities on behalf of the RSU holders to the relevant tax authorities in cash.

To fund the withholding and remittance obligations, we may choose to borrow funds from our credit facilities, use a portion of our existing cash, or rely upon a combination of these sources. Alternatively, we may choose to sell equity securities on a date near or after the initial settlement date in an amount substantially equivalent to the number of shares of common stock that we withhold in connection with these net settlements.

In February 2012, we entered into a new agreement for an unsecured five-year revolving credit facility that allows us to borrow up to $5,000 million for general corporate purposes, with interest payable on the borrowed amounts set at LIBOR plus 1.0%. Under the terms of the new agreement, we are obligated to pay a commitment fee of 0.10% per annum on the daily undrawn balance.

Concurrent with our entering into the new revolving credit facility, we also entered into a bridge credit facility that allows us to borrow up to $3,000 million to fund tax withholding and remittance obligations related to the settlement of RSUs in connection with our IPO, with interest payable on the borrowed amounts set at LIBOR plus 1.0% and an additional 0.25% payable on drawn balances outstanding from and after the 180th day of borrowing. We may make a single borrowing under this bridge facility beginning on the closing date of our IPO and ending on the date that is 240 days after that date. Any amounts outstanding under this facility will be due one year after the date we draw on the facility but no later than June 30, 2014. During the term of this bridge facility, the lenders’ commitments are subject to reduction and amounts borrowed thereunder are subject to repayment in the event we raise capital through certain asset sales, debt issuances, or equity issuances. We paid origination fees at closing and these fees are amortized over the remaining term of the facility, and we are obligated to pay an additional upfront fee of 0.20% of the aggregate amount of the borrowings requested on any applicable funding date. Under the terms of the agreement, we are obligated to pay a commitment fee of 0.10% per annum on the daily undrawn balance from and after the 90th day following the date we entered into the bridge facility. No amounts were drawn down under these credit and bridge credit facility agreement as of June 30, 2012.

As of June 30, 2012, $408 million of the $10.2 billion in cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities was held by our foreign subsidiaries. We have provided for the additional taxes that would be due if we repatriated these funds for use in our operations in the United States.

Cash Provided by Operating Activities

Cash flow from operating activities during the first six months of 2012 primarily consisted of adjustments to net income for certain non-cash items such as share-based compensation expense of $1.2 billion and total depreciation and amortization, partially offset by deferred income taxes and income tax refundable. The increase in cash flow from operating activities during the first six months of 2012 compared to the same period in 2011 was mainly due to increases in adjustments for non-cash items as described above, partially offset by an increase in income tax refundable and a decrease in net income.

 

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Cash Used in Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities during the first six months of 2012 primarily resulted from $5.7 billion for the net purchase of marketable securities, capital expenditures of $866 million related to the purchase of servers, networking equipment, storage infrastructure, and the construction of data centers as well as $575 million for acquisitions of businesses and other assets, such as patents. The increase in cash used in investing activities during the first six months of 2012 compared to the same period in 2011 was mainly due to increases in the purchase of marketable securities, capital expenditures and acquisitions of businesses and other assets.

We anticipate making capital expenditures in 2012 of approximately $1.6 billion to $1.8 billion, a portion of which we will finance through leasing arrangements. We also anticipate spending $300 million in cash as part of the purchase price for the acquisition of Instagram which is still subject to customary closing conditions. We have agreed to pay Instagram a $200 million termination fee if governmental authorities permanently enjoin or otherwise prevent the completion of the merger or if either party terminates the agreement after December 10, 2012.

Cash Provided by Financing Activities

In May 2012, we received $6.8 billion in proceeds from our IPO, net of offering costs. Our financing activities have primarily consisted of equity issuances, lease financing, and debt financing. Net cash provided by financing activities was $7.1 billion and $1.1 billion, for the first six months of 2012 and 2011, respectively and included excess tax benefits from stock award activities of $381 million and $355 million for the same periods, respectively. In the first six months of 2011, it also included $250 million of debt repayment. We had no outstanding debt during the same period in 2012.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of June 30, 2012.

Contractual Obligations

There were no material changes in our commitments under contractual obligations, as disclosed in our Prospectus, except as noted in “Cash Used in Investing Activities” above.

Contingencies

We are involved in claims, lawsuits, government investigations, and proceedings. We record a provision for a liability when we believe that it is both probable that a liability has been incurred, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment is required to determine both probability and the estimated amount. Such legal proceedings are inherently unpredictable and subject to significant uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. Should any of these estimates and assumptions change or prove to be incorrect, it could have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position, and cash flows.

See Note 6 in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 and “Legal Proceedings” contained in Part II, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information regarding contingencies.

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Comprehensive Income

In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued guidance that changed the requirement for presenting “Comprehensive Income” in the consolidated financial statements. The update requires an entity to present the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. The update is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011 and should be applied retrospectively. We adopted this new guidance on January 1, 2012.

 

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses, and related disclosures. These estimates form the basis for judgments we make about the carrying values of our assets and liabilities, which are not readily apparent from other sources. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We believe that the assumptions and estimates associated with revenue recognition for payments and other fees, income taxes and share-based compensation have the greatest potential impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. Therefore, we consider these to be our critical accounting policies and estimates.

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates as compared to the critical accounting policies and estimates described in our Prospectus.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to market risk, including changes to interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and inflation.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

International revenue as a percentage of revenue was 50% for both the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 and 42% for both the second quarter and the first six months of 2011. We have foreign currency risks related to our revenue and operating expenses denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, primarily the Euro. In general, we are a net receiver of currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, changes in exchange rates, and in particular a strengthening of the U.S. dollar, will negatively affect our revenue and other operating results as expressed in U.S. dollars.

We have experienced and will continue to experience fluctuations in our net income (loss) as a result of transaction gains or losses related to revaluing certain current asset and current liability balances that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the entities in which they are recorded. We recognized foreign currency losses of $13 million, $2 million and $3 million in the second quarter of 2012 and 2011 and the first six months of 2012, respectively, and foreign currency gain of $15 million in the first six months of 2011. At this time we do not, but in the future we may enter into derivatives or other financial instruments in an attempt to hedge our foreign currency exchange risk. It is difficult to predict the impact hedging activities would have on our results of operations.

Interest Rate Sensitivity

Our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities consist of cash, certificates of deposit, time deposits, money market funds and U.S. government treasury and agency debt securities. Our investment policy and strategy are focused on preservation of capital, supporting our liquidity requirements, and compliance with the Investment Company Act of 1940.

Changes in U.S. interest rates affect the interest earned on our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities and the market value of those securities. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates would result in a decrease of approximately $63 million and $15 million in the market value of our available-for-sale debt securities as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Any realized gains or losses resulting from such interest rate changes would only occur if we sold the investments prior to maturity.

 

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a- 15(e) and 15d- 15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act)), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on such evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in management’s evaluation pursuant to Rules 13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures

In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.

 

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Paul D. Ceglia filed suit against us and Mark Zuckerberg on or about June 30, 2010, in the Supreme Court of the State of New York for the County of Allegheny, claiming substantial ownership of our company based on a purported contract between Mr. Ceglia and Mr. Zuckerberg allegedly entered into in April 2003. We removed the case to the U.S. District Court for the Western District of New York, where the case is now pending. In his first amended complaint, filed on April 11, 2011, Mr. Ceglia revised his claims to include an alleged partnership with Mr. Zuckerberg, he revised his claims for relief to seek a substantial share of Mr. Zuckerberg’s ownership in us, and he included quotations from supposed emails that he claims to have exchanged with Mr. Zuckerberg in 2003 and 2004. On June 2, 2011, we filed a motion for expedited discovery based on evidence we submitted to the court showing that the alleged contract and emails upon which Mr. Ceglia bases his complaint are fraudulent. On July 1, 2011, the court granted our motion and ordered Mr. Ceglia to produce, among other things, all hard copy and electronic versions of the purported contract and emails. On January 10, 2012, the court granted our request for sanctions against Mr. Ceglia for his delay in compliance with that order. On March 26, 2012, we filed a motion to dismiss Mr. Ceglia’s complaint and a motion for judgment on the pleadings. We continue to believe that Mr. Ceglia is attempting to perpetrate a fraud on the court and we intend to continue to defend the case vigorously.

On March 12, 2012, Yahoo filed a lawsuit against us in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, claiming that we infringe ten of Yahoo’s patents that Yahoo claims relate to “advertising,” “social networking,” “privacy,” “customization,” and “messaging,” and on April 27, 2012 Yahoo added two patents to the lawsuit that Yahoo claimed relate to “advertising.” Yahoo sought unspecified damages, a damage multiplier for alleged willful infringement, and an injunction. On April 3, 2012, we filed our answer with respect to this complaint and asserted counterclaims that Yahoo’s products infringe ten of our patents. On July 6, 2012, the parties entered into a settlement agreement resolving all claims made in the litigation. On July 9, 2012, the parties filed a stipulated dismissal of the litigation with the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California and this litigation was dismissed on July 10, 2012. We have no payment obligations under this settlement agreement.

Beginning on May 22, 2012, multiple putative class actions, derivative actions, and individual actions were filed in state and federal courts in the United States and in other jurisdictions against us, our directors, and/or certain of our officers alleging violation of securities laws or breach of fiduciary duties in connection with our initial public offering (IPO) and seeking unspecified damages. We believe these lawsuits are without merit, and we are vigorously defending these lawsuits. In addition, following our IPO, the events surrounding our IPO became the subject of government inquiries, and we have received requests for information in connection with certain of those inquiries. Any such inquiries could subject us to substantial costs, divert resources and the attention of management from our business, or adversely affect our business.

We are also currently parties to multiple other lawsuits related to our products, including patent infringement lawsuits brought by both other companies and non-practicing entities as well as class action lawsuits brought by users and advertisers, and we may in the future be subject to additional lawsuits and disputes. We are also involved in other claims, government investigations, and proceedings arising from the ordinary course of our business. Although the results of these other lawsuits, claims, government investigations, and proceedings in which we are involved cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the final outcome of these other matters will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Certain factors may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. You should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below, in addition to other information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently believe are not material, may also become important factors that adversely affect our business. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and future prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our Class A common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment.

 

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Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

If we fail to retain existing users or add new users, or if our users decrease their level of engagement with Facebook, our revenue, financial results, and business may be significantly harmed.

The size of our user base and our users’ level of engagement are critical to our success. We had 955 million monthly active users (MAUs) as of June 30, 2012. Our financial performance has been and will continue to be significantly determined by our success in adding, retaining, and engaging active users. We anticipate that our active user growth rate will decline over time as the size of our active user base increases, and as we achieve higher market penetration rates. To the extent our active user growth rate slows, our business performance will become increasingly dependent on our ability to increase levels of user engagement and monetization in current and new markets. If people do not perceive our products to be useful, reliable, and trustworthy, we may not be able to attract or retain users or otherwise maintain or increase the frequency and duration of their engagement. A number of other social networking companies that achieved early popularity have since seen their active user bases or levels of engagement decline, in some cases precipitously. There is no guarantee that we will not experience a similar erosion of our active user base or engagement levels. A decrease in user retention, growth, or engagement could render Facebook less attractive to developers and advertisers, which may have a material and adverse impact on our revenue, business, financial condition, and results of operations. Any number of factors could potentially negatively affect user retention, growth, and engagement, including if:

 

   

users increasingly engage with competing products;

 

   

we fail to introduce new and improved products or if we introduce new products or services that are not favorably received;

 

   

we are unable to successfully balance our efforts to provide a compelling user experience with the decisions we make with respect to the frequency, prominence, and size of ads and other commercial content that we display;

 

   

we are unable to continue to develop products for mobile devices that users find engaging, that work with a variety of mobile operating systems and networks, and that achieve a high level of market acceptance;

 

   

there are changes in user sentiment about the quality or usefulness of our products or concerns related to privacy and sharing, safety, security, or other factors;

 

   

we are unable to manage and prioritize information to ensure users are presented with content that is interesting, useful, and relevant to them;

 

   

there are adverse changes in our products that are mandated by legislation, regulatory authorities, or litigation, including settlements or consent decrees;

 

   

technical or other problems prevent us from delivering our products in a rapid and reliable manner or otherwise affect the user experience;

 

   

we adopt policies or procedures related to areas such as sharing or user data that are perceived negatively by our users or the general public;

 

   

we fail to provide adequate customer service to users, developers, or advertisers;

 

   

we, our Platform developers, or other companies in our industry are the subject of adverse media reports or other negative publicity; or

 

   

our current or future products, such as the Facebook Platform, reduce user activity on Facebook by making it easier for our users to interact and share on third-party websites.

 

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If we are unable to maintain and increase our user base and user engagement, our revenue, financial results, and future growth potential may be adversely affected.

We generate a substantial majority of our revenue from advertising. The loss of advertisers, or reduction in spending by advertisers with Facebook, could seriously harm our business.

The substantial majority of our revenue is currently generated from third parties advertising on Facebook. In the first six months of 2012 and 2011 and the full 2011, 2010, and 2009 years, advertising accounted for 83%, 87%, 85%, 95% and 98%, respectively, of our revenue. As is common in the industry, our advertisers typically do not have long-term advertising commitments with us. Many of our advertisers spend only a relatively small portion of their overall advertising budget with us. In addition, advertisers may view some of our products, such as Sponsored Stories and ads with social context, as experimental and unproven. Advertisers will not continue to do business with us, or they will reduce the prices they are willing to pay to advertise with us, if we do not deliver ads and other commercial content in an effective manner, or if they do not believe that their investment in advertising with us will generate a competitive return relative to other alternatives. Our advertising revenue could be adversely affected by a number of other factors, including:

 

   

decreases in user engagement, including time spent on Facebook;

 

   

increased user access to and engagement with Facebook through our mobile products, where we have generated only a small portion of our revenue, particularly to the extent that mobile engagement is substituted for engagement with Facebook on personal computers where we currently have greater opportunities to monetize usage by displaying ads and other commercial content;

 

   

product changes or inventory management decisions we may make that reduce the size, frequency, or relative prominence of ads and other commercial content displayed on Facebook;

 

   

our inability to improve our analytics and measurement solutions that demonstrate the value of our ads and other commercial content;

 

   

decisions by advertisers to use our free products, such as Facebook Pages, instead of advertising on Facebook;

 

   

loss of advertising market share to our competitors;

 

   

adverse legal developments relating to advertising, including legislative and regulatory developments and developments in litigation;

 

   

adverse media reports or other negative publicity involving us, our Platform developers, or other companies in our industry;

 

   

our inability to create new products that sustain or increase the value of our ads and other commercial content;

 

   

the degree to which users opt out of social ads or otherwise limit the potential audience of commercial content;

 

   

changes in the way online advertising is priced;

 

   

the impact of new technologies that could block or obscure the display of our ads and other commercial content; and

 

   

the impact of macroeconomic conditions and conditions in the advertising industry in general.

The occurrence of any of these or other factors could result in a reduction in demand for our ads and other commercial content, which may reduce the prices we receive for our ads and other commercial content, or cause advertisers to stop advertising with us altogether, either of which would negatively affect our revenue and financial results.

 

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Growth in use of Facebook through our mobile products, where our ability to monetize is unproven, as a substitute for use on personal computers may negatively affect our revenue and financial results.

We had 543 million MAUs who used Facebook mobile products in June 2012. While most of our mobile users also access Facebook through personal computers, we anticipate that the rate of growth in mobile usage will exceed the growth in usage through personal computers for the foreseeable future and that the usage through personal computers may continue to decline in certain markets, in part due to our focus on developing mobile products to encourage mobile usage of Facebook. For example, the number of daily active users (DAUs) using personal computers was essentially flat, and declined modestly in certain key markets such as the United States and Europe during the second quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2012. We believe increased usage of Facebook on mobile devices has contributed to the recent trend of our DAUs increasing more rapidly than the increase in the number of ads delivered. We have historically not shown ads to users accessing Facebook through mobile apps or our mobile website. In March 2012, we began to include Sponsored Stories in users’ mobile News Feeds; however, in the first half of 2012, we generated only a small portion of our revenue from the use of Facebook mobile products, and our ability to increase mobile revenues is unproven. If users increasingly access Facebook mobile products as a substitute for access through personal computers, and if we are unable to successfully implement monetization strategies for our mobile users, or if we incur excessive expenses in this effort, our financial performance and ability to grow revenue would be negatively affected.

Facebook user growth and engagement on mobile devices depend upon effective operation with mobile operating systems, networks, and standards that we do not control.

There is no guarantee that popular mobile devices will continue to feature Facebook, or that mobile device users will continue to use Facebook rather than competing products. We are dependent on the interoperability of Facebook with popular mobile operating systems that we do not control, such as Android and iOS, and any changes in such systems that degrade our products’ functionality or give preferential treatment to competitive products could adversely affect Facebook usage on mobile devices. Additionally, in order to deliver high quality mobile products, it is important that our products work well with a range of mobile technologies, systems, networks, and standards that we do not control. We may not be successful in developing relationships with key participants in the mobile industry or in developing products that operate effectively with these technologies, systems, networks, or standards. In the event that it is more difficult for our users to access and use Facebook on their mobile devices, or if our users choose not to access or use Facebook on their mobile devices or use mobile products that do not offer access to Facebook, our user growth and user engagement could be harmed.

We may not be successful in our efforts to grow usage of and engagement with the Facebook Platform.

We have made and are continuing to make major investments to enable developers to build applications (apps) and websites that integrate with the Facebook Platform. Existing and prospective Platform developers may not be successful in building apps or websites that create and maintain user engagement. Additionally, developers may choose to build on other platforms, including mobile platforms controlled by third parties, rather than building on the Facebook Platform. We are continuously seeking to balance the distribution objectives of our Platform developers with our desire to provide an optimal user experience, and we may not be successful in achieving a balance that continues to attract and retain Platform developers. From time to time, we have taken actions to reduce the volume of communications from Platform developers to users on Facebook with the objective of enhancing the user experience, and such actions have reduced distribution from, user engagement with, and our monetization opportunities from, Facebook-integrated apps and websites. In some instances, these actions have adversely affected our relationships with Platform developers. If we are not successful in our efforts to grow our Platform or if we are unable to build and maintain good relations with Platform developers, our user growth and user engagement and our financial results may be adversely affected.

We may not be successful in our efforts to further monetize the Facebook Platform.

We currently monetize the Facebook Platform in several ways, including ads on pages generated by apps on Facebook, direct advertising on Facebook purchased by Platform developers to drive traffic to their apps and websites, and fees from our Platform developers’ use of our Payments infrastructure to sell virtual and digital goods to users. Apps built by developers of social games, particularly Zynga, are currently responsible for substantially all of our revenue derived from Payments. Our Payments revenue has been essentially flat since the third quarter of 2011, and Payments revenue may stay flat or decrease in future periods. In addition, a relatively small percentage of our users have transacted with Facebook Payments. For example, in the first half of 2012, approximately 15 million users purchased virtual goods using Facebook Payments. If the Platform apps that currently generate revenue fail to grow or maintain their users and engagement, if Platform developers do not continue to introduce new apps that attract users and create engagement, if Platform developers reduce their advertising on Facebook, if we fail to maintain good relationships with Platform developers or attract new developers, or if Platform apps outside of social games do not gain popularity and generate significant revenue, our financial performance and ability to grow revenue could be adversely affected.

 

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Additionally, we are actively supporting Platform developers’ efforts to develop their own mobile apps and websites that integrate with Facebook. Unlike apps that run within the Facebook website which enable us to show ads and offer Payments, we generally do not directly monetize from Platform developers’ integrating their own mobile apps and websites with Facebook. Therefore, our Platform developers efforts to prioritize Facebook integrations with their own mobile apps or websites may reduce or slow the growth of our user activity that generates advertising and Payments opportunities, which could negatively affect our revenue. Although we believe that there are significant long-term benefits to Facebook resulting from increased engagement on Facebook-integrated websites and mobile apps, these benefits may not offset the possible loss of revenue, in which case our business could be harmed.

Our business is highly competitive. Competition presents an ongoing threat to the success of our business.

We face significant competition in almost every aspect of our business, including from companies such as Google, Microsoft, and Twitter, which offer a variety of Internet products, services, content, and online advertising offerings, as well as from mobile companies and smaller Internet companies that offer products and services that may compete with specific Facebook features. We also face competition from traditional and online media businesses for advertising budgets. We compete broadly with Google’s social networking offerings, including Google+, and also with other, largely regional, social networks that have strong positions in particular countries, including Cyworld in Korea, Mixi in Japan, Orkut (owned by Google) in Brazil and India, and vKontakte in Russia. We would also face competition from companies in China such as Renren, Sina, and Tencent in the event that we are able to access the market in China in the future. As we introduce new products, as our existing products evolve, or as other companies introduce new products and services, such as mobile messaging and chat services, we may become subject to additional competition.

Some of our current and potential competitors have significantly greater resources and better competitive positions in certain markets than we do. These factors may allow our competitors to respond more effectively than us to new or emerging technologies and changes in market requirements. Our competitors may develop products, features, or services that are similar to ours or that achieve greater market acceptance, may undertake more far-reaching and successful product development efforts or marketing campaigns, or may adopt more aggressive pricing policies. In addition, Platform partners may use information shared by our users through the Facebook Platform in order to develop products or features that compete with us. Certain competitors, including Google, could use strong or dominant positions in one or more markets to gain competitive advantage against us in areas where we operate including: by integrating competing social networking platforms or features into products they control such as search engines, web browsers, or mobile device operating systems; by making acquisitions; or by making access to Facebook more difficult. As a result, our competitors may acquire and engage users at the expense of the growth or engagement of our user base, which may negatively affect our business and financial results.

We believe that our ability to compete effectively depends upon many factors both within and beyond our control, including:

 

   

the usefulness, ease of use, performance, and reliability of our products compared to our competitors;

 

   

the size and composition of our user base;

 

   

the engagement of our users with our products;

 

   

the timing and market acceptance of products, including developments and enhancements to our or our competitors’ products;

 

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our ability to monetize our products, including our ability to successfully monetize mobile usage;

 

   

the frequency, size, and relative prominence of the ads and other commercial content displayed by us or our competitors;

 

   

customer service and support efforts;

 

   

marketing and selling efforts;

 

   

our ability to establish and maintain developers’ interest in building on the Facebook Platform;

 

   

changes mandated by legislation, regulatory authorities, or litigation, including settlements and consent decrees, some of which may have a disproportionate effect on us;

 

   

acquisitions or consolidation within our industry, which may result in more formidable competitors;

 

   

our ability to attract, retain, and motivate talented employees, particularly software engineers;

 

   

our ability to cost-effectively manage and grow our operations; and

 

   

our reputation and brand strength relative to our competitors.

If we are not able to effectively compete, our user base and level of user engagement may decrease, which could make us less attractive to developers and advertisers and materially and adversely affect our revenue and results of operations.

Action by governments to restrict access to Facebook in their countries could substantially harm our business and financial results.

It is possible that governments of one or more countries may seek to censor content available on Facebook in their country, restrict access to Facebook from their country entirely, or impose other restrictions that may affect the accessibility of Facebook in their country for an extended period of time or indefinitely. For example, access to Facebook has been or is currently restricted in whole or in part in China, Iran, North Korea, and Syria. In addition, governments in other countries may seek to restrict access to Facebook if they consider us to be in violation of their laws. In the event that access to Facebook is restricted, in whole or in part, in one or more countries or our competitors are able to successfully penetrate geographic markets that we cannot access, our ability to retain or increase our user base and user engagement may be adversely affected, we may not be able to maintain or grow our revenue as anticipated, and our financial results could be adversely affected.

Our new products and changes to existing products could fail to attract or retain users or generate revenue.

Our ability to retain, increase, and engage our user base and to increase our revenue will depend heavily on our ability to create successful new products, both independently and in conjunction with Platform developers or other third parties. We may introduce significant changes to our existing products or develop and introduce new and unproven products, including using technologies with which we have little or no prior development or operating experience. If new or enhanced products fail to engage users, developers, or advertisers, we may fail to attract or retain users or to generate sufficient revenue, operating margin, or other value to justify our investments, and our business may be adversely affected. In the future, we may invest in new products and initiatives to generate revenue, but there is no guarantee these approaches will be successful. If we are not successful with new approaches to monetization, we may not be able to maintain or grow our revenue as anticipated or recover any associated development costs, and our financial results could be adversely affected.

Our culture emphasizes rapid innovation and prioritizes user engagement over short-term financial results.

We have a culture that encourages employees to quickly develop and launch new and innovative products. As our business grows and becomes more complex, our cultural emphasis on moving quickly may result in unintended outcomes or decisions that are poorly received by users, developers, or advertisers. Our culture also prioritizes our user engagement over short-term financial results, and we frequently make product decisions that may reduce our short-term revenue or profitability if we believe that the decisions are consistent with our mission and benefit the aggregate user experience and will thereby improve our financial performance over the long term. These decisions may not produce the long-term benefits that we expect, in which case our user growth and engagement, our relationships with developers and advertisers, and our business and results of operations could be harmed.

 

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If we are not able to maintain and enhance our brand, or if events occur that damage our reputation and brand, our ability to expand our base of users, developers, and advertisers may be impaired, and our business and financial results may be harmed.

We believe that the Facebook brand has significantly contributed to the success of our business. We also believe that maintaining and enhancing our brand is critical to expanding our base of users, developers, and advertisers. Many of our new users are referred by existing users, and therefore we strive to ensure that our users remain favorably inclined towards Facebook. Maintaining and enhancing our brand will depend largely on our ability to continue to provide useful, reliable, trustworthy, and innovative products, which we may not do successfully. We may introduce new products or terms of service that users do not like, which may negatively affect our brand. Additionally, the actions of our Platform developers may affect our brand if users do not have a positive experience using third-party apps and websites integrated with Facebook. We have in the past experienced, and we expect that in the future we will continue to experience, media, legislative, or regulatory scrutiny of our decisions regarding user privacy or other issues, which may adversely affect our reputation and brand. We also may fail to provide adequate customer service, which could erode confidence in our brand. Our brand may also be negatively affected by the actions of users that are deemed to be hostile or inappropriate to other users, or by users acting under false or inauthentic identities. Maintaining and enhancing our brand may require us to make substantial investments and these investments may not be successful. If we fail to successfully promote and maintain the Facebook brand or if we incur excessive expenses in this effort, our business and financial results may be adversely affected.

Improper access to or disclosure of our users’ information, or violation of our terms of service or policies, could harm our reputation and adversely affect our business.

Our efforts to protect the information that our users have chosen to share using Facebook may be unsuccessful due to the actions of third parties, software bugs or other technical malfunctions, employee error or malfeasance, or other factors. In addition, third parties may attempt to fraudulently induce employees or users to disclose information in order to gain access to our data or our users’ data. If any of these events occur, our users’ information could be accessed or disclosed improperly. Our Data Use Policy governs the use of information that users have chosen to share using Facebook and how that information may be used by us and third parties. Some Platform developers may store information provided by our users through apps on the Facebook Platform or websites integrated with Facebook. If these third parties or Platform developers fail to adopt or adhere to adequate data security practices or fail to comply with our terms and policies, or in the event of a breach of their networks, our users’ data may be improperly accessed or disclosed.

Any incidents involving unauthorized access to or improper use of the information of our users or incidents involving violation of our terms of service or policies, including our Data Use Policy, could damage our reputation and our brand and diminish our competitive position. In addition, the affected users or government authorities could initiate legal or regulatory action against us in connection with such incidents, which could cause us to incur significant expense and liability or result in orders or consent decrees forcing us to modify our business practices. Any of these events could have a material and adverse effect on our business, reputation, or financial results.

Unfavorable media coverage could negatively affect our business.

We receive a high degree of media coverage around the world. Unfavorable publicity regarding, for example, our privacy practices, product changes, product quality, litigation or regulatory activity, or the actions of our Platform developers or our users, could adversely affect our reputation. Such negative publicity also could have an adverse effect on the size, engagement, and loyalty of our user base and result in decreased revenue, which could adversely affect our business and financial results.

 

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Our financial results will fluctuate from quarter to quarter, which makes them difficult to predict.

Our quarterly financial results have fluctuated in the past and will fluctuate in the future. Additionally, we have a limited operating history with the current scale of our business, which makes it difficult to forecast our future results. As a result, you should not rely upon our past quarterly financial results as indicators of future performance. You should take into account the risks and uncertainties frequently encountered by companies in rapidly evolving markets. Our financial results in any given quarter can be influenced by numerous factors, many of which we are unable to predict or are outside of our control, including:

 

   

our ability to maintain and grow our user base and user engagement;

 

   

our ability to attract and retain advertisers in a particular period;

 

   

fluctuations in spending by our advertisers due to seasonality, such as historically strong spending in the fourth quarter of each year, or other factors;

 

   

the number of ads shown to users;

 

   

the pricing of our ads and other products;

 

   

the rate of growth in mobile usage compared to usage through personal computers, and our ability to monetize through our mobile products;

 

   

our ability to maintain or increase payments and other fees revenue;

 

   

the diversification and growth of revenue sources beyond current advertising and Payments;

 

   

the development and introduction of new products or services by us or our competitors;

 

   

increases in marketing, sales, and other operating expenses that we may incur to grow and expand our operations and to remain competitive;

 

   

our ability to maintain gross margins and operating margins;

 

   

our ability to obtain equipment and components for our data centers and other technical infrastructure in a timely and cost-effective manner;

 

   

system failures or breaches of security or privacy;

 

   

inaccessibility of Facebook due to third-party actions;

 

   

share-based compensation expense including approximately $986 million that we incurred in the second quarter of 2012 in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units (RSUs) granted prior to 2011 for which the service condition was satisfied;

 

   

adverse litigation judgments, settlements, or other litigation-related costs;

 

   

changes in the legislative or regulatory environment, including with respect to privacy, or enforcement by government regulators, including fines, orders, or consent decrees;

 

   

fluctuations in currency exchange rates and changes in the proportion of our revenue and expenses denominated in foreign currencies;

 

   

fluctuations in the market values of our portfolio investments and in interest rates;

 

   

changes in U.S. generally accepted accounting principles; and

 

   

changes in business or macroeconomic conditions.

 

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In the first six months of 2012 and the full 2011 year, we estimate that up to 14% and 19% of our revenue, respectively, was derived from Payments processing fees from Zynga, direct advertising from Zynga, revenue from third parties for ads shown on pages generated by Zynga apps, and Facebook ads and Sponsored Stories displayed on Zynga.com. If Zynga does not maintain its level of engagement with our users or if we are unable to successfully maintain our relationship with Zynga, our financial results could be harmed.

In the first six months of 2012 and the full 2011 year, Zynga directly accounted for approximately 10% and 12%, respectively, of our revenue, which was comprised of revenue derived from Payments processing fees related to Zynga’s sales of virtual goods and from direct advertising purchased by Zynga. Additionally, Zynga’s apps generate pages on which we display ads from other advertisers; for the first six months of 2012 and the full 2011 year, we estimate that an additional approximately 4% and 7%, respectively, of our revenue was generated from the display of these ads. Zynga has recently launched games on its own website. While we began displaying ads and Sponsored Stories on Zynga.com in the second quarter of 2012, we do not currently generate meaningful revenue from these ads. We may fail to maintain good relations with Zynga or Zynga may decide to reduce or cease its investments in games on the Facebook Platform. In addition, if we are no longer able to display ads and Sponsored Stories on Zynga.com or if the use of Zynga games on our Platform declines for other reasons, our financial results may be adversely affected.

We expect our rates of growth will decline in the future.

We believe that our rates of user and revenue growth will decline over time. For example, our revenue grew 38% from the first six months of 2011 to the same period in 2012, 88% from full 2010 year to full 2011 year and 154% from full 2009 year to full 2010 year. Historically, our user growth has been a primary driver of growth in our revenue. We expect that our user growth and revenue growth rates will decline over time as the size of our active user base increases and as we achieve higher market penetration rates. As our growth rates decline, investors’ perceptions of our business may be adversely affected and the trading price of our Class A common stock could decline.

Our business is subject to complex and evolving U.S. and foreign laws and regulations regarding privacy, data protection, and other matters. Many of these laws and regulations are subject to change and uncertain interpretation, and could result in claims, changes to our business practices, monetary penalties, increased cost of operations, or declines in user growth or engagement, or otherwise harm our business.

We are subject to a variety of laws and regulations in the United States and abroad that involve matters central to our business, including user privacy, rights of publicity, data protection, content, intellectual property, distribution, electronic contracts and other communications, competition, protection of minors, consumer protection, taxation, securities law compliance, and online payment services. Foreign data protection, privacy, and other laws and regulations are often more restrictive than those in the United States. These U.S. federal and state and foreign laws and regulations, which can be enforced by private parties or government entities, are constantly evolving and can be subject to significant change. In addition, the application and interpretation of these laws and regulations are often uncertain, particularly in the new and rapidly evolving industry in which we operate. For example, the interpretation of some laws and regulations that govern the use of names and likenesses in connection with advertising and marketing activities is unsettled and developments in this area could affect the manner in which we design our products, as well as our terms of use. A number of proposals are pending before federal, state, and foreign legislative and regulatory bodies that could significantly affect our business. For example, a revision to the 1995 European Union Data Protection Directive is currently being considered by European legislative bodies that may include more stringent operational requirements for data processors and significant penalties for non-compliance. Similarly, there have been a number of recent legislative proposals in the United States, at both the federal and state level, that would impose new obligations in areas such as privacy and liability for copyright infringement by third parties. These existing and proposed laws and regulations can be costly to comply with and can delay or impede the development of new products, result in negative publicity, increase our operating costs, require significant management time and attention, and subject us to inquiries or investigations, claims or other remedies, including fines or demands that we modify or cease existing business practices.

 

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We have been subject to regulatory investigations and settlements and we expect to continue to be subject to such proceedings in the future, which could cause us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business practices in a manner materially adverse to our business.

From time to time, we receive inquiries from regulators regarding our compliance with laws and other matters. For example, in 2011, we reached agreement with the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to resolve an investigation into various practices by entering into a 20-year settlement agreement that, among other things, requires us to establish and refine certain practices with respect to treatment of user data and privacy settings and also requires that we complete bi-annual independent privacy audits. As another example, in 2011 the Irish Data Protection Commissioner (DPC) conducted an audit of the data, security, and privacy practices and policies of Facebook Ireland, which is the data controller for Facebook users outside the United States and Canada, and released a report of its conclusions in December 2011. The DPC conducted a second audit in July 2012 and we expect the DPC to release the report of its conclusions in the second half of 2012. The FTC and DPC have investigated and audited aspects of our products and practices, and we expect to continue to be the subject of regulatory investigations and audits in the future by these and other regulators throughout the world.

It is possible that a regulatory inquiry might result in changes to our policies or practices. Violation of existing or future regulatory orders or consent decrees could subject us to substantial monetary fines and other penalties that could negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, it is possible that future orders issued by, or enforcement actions initiated by, regulatory authorities could cause us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business practices in a manner materially adverse to our business.

If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, the value of our brand and other intangible assets may be diminished, and our business may be adversely affected.

We rely and expect to continue to rely on a combination of confidentiality and license agreements with our employees, consultants, and third parties with whom we have relationships, as well as trademark, copyright, patent, trade secret, and domain name protection laws, to protect our proprietary rights. In the United States and internationally, we have filed various applications for protection of certain aspects of our intellectual property, and we currently hold a number of issued patents in multiple jurisdictions. In addition, in the future we may acquire additional patents or patent portfolios, which could require significant cash expenditures. However, third parties may knowingly or unknowingly infringe our proprietary rights, third parties may challenge proprietary rights held by us, and pending and future trademark and patent applications may not be approved. In addition, effective intellectual property protection may not be available in every country in which we operate or intend to operate our business. In any or all of these cases, we may be required to expend significant time and expense in order to prevent infringement or to enforce our rights. Although we have taken measures to protect our proprietary rights, there can be no assurance that others will not offer products or concepts that are substantially similar to ours and compete with our business. In addition, we regularly contribute software source code under open source licenses and have made other technology we developed available under other open licenses, and we include open source software in our products. For example, we have contributed certain specifications and designs related to our data center equipment to the Open Compute Project Foundation, a non-profit entity that shares and develops such information with the technology community, under the Open Web Foundation License. As a result of our open source contributions and the use of open source in our products, we may license or be required to license innovations that turn out to be material to our business and may also be exposed to increased litigation risk. If the protection of our proprietary rights is inadequate to prevent unauthorized use or appropriation by third parties, the value of our brand and other intangible assets may be diminished and competitors may be able to more effectively mimic our service and methods of operations. Any of these events could have an adverse effect on our business and financial results.

We are currently, and expect to be in the future, party to patent lawsuits and other intellectual property rights claims that are expensive and time consuming, and, if resolved adversely, could have a significant impact on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

Companies in the Internet, technology, and media industries own large numbers of patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets, and frequently enter into litigation based on allegations of infringement, misappropriation, or other violations of intellectual property or other rights. In addition, various “non-practicing entities” that own patents and other intellectual property rights often attempt to aggressively assert their rights in order to extract value from technology companies. Furthermore, from time to time we may introduce new products, including in areas where we currently do not compete, which could increase our exposure to patent and other intellectual property claims from competitors and non-practicing entities.

 

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From time to time, we receive notice letters from patent holders alleging that certain of our products and services infringe their patent rights. We presently are involved in a number of lawsuits, and as we face increasing competition and gain an increasingly high profile, we expect the number of patent and other intellectual property claims against us to grow. Defending patent and other intellectual property litigation is costly and can impose a significant burden on management and employees, and there can be no assurances that favorable final outcomes will be obtained in all cases. In addition, plaintiffs may seek, and we may become subject to, preliminary or provisional rulings in the course of any such litigation, including potential preliminary injunctions requiring us to cease some or all of our operations. We may decide to settle such lawsuits and disputes on terms that are unfavorable to us. Similarly, if any litigation to which we are a party is resolved adversely, we may be subject to an unfavorable judgment that may not be reversed upon appeal. The terms of such a settlement or judgment may require us to cease some or all of our operations or pay substantial amounts to the other party. In addition, we may have to seek a license to continue practices found to be in violation of a third party’s rights, which may not be available on reasonable terms, or at all, and may significantly increase our operating costs and expenses. As a result, we may also be required to develop alternative non-infringing technology or practices or discontinue the practices. The development of alternative non-infringing technology or practices could require significant effort and expense or may not be feasible. Our business, financial condition, or results of operations could be adversely affected as a result of an unfavorable resolution of the disputes and litigation referred to above.

We are involved in numerous class action lawsuits and other litigation matters that are expensive and time consuming, and, if resolved adversely, could harm our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

In addition to intellectual property claims, we are also involved in numerous other lawsuits, including putative class action lawsuits brought by users and advertisers, many of which claim statutory damages, and we anticipate that we will continue to be a target for numerous lawsuits in the future. Because we have hundreds of millions of users, the plaintiffs in class action cases filed against us typically claim enormous monetary damages even if the alleged per-user harm is small or non-existent. Any negative outcome from such lawsuits could result in payments of substantial monetary damages or fines, or changes to our products or business practices, and accordingly our business, financial condition, or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Although the results of such lawsuits and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the final outcome of those matters relating to our products that we currently face will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations. In addition, following our initial public offering, we became the subject of shareholder class action suits. We believe these lawsuits are without merit and are vigorously defending these lawsuits.

There can be no assurances that a favorable final outcome will be obtained in all our cases, and defending any lawsuit is costly and can impose a significant burden on management and employees. Any litigation to which we are a party may result in an onerous or unfavorable judgment that may not be reversed upon appeal or in payments of substantial monetary damages or fines, or we may decide to settle lawsuits on similarly unfavorable terms, which could adversely affect our business, financial conditions, or results of operations.

Our CEO has control over key decision making as a result of his control of a majority of our voting stock.

As a result of voting agreements with certain stockholders, together with the shares he holds, Mark Zuckerberg, our founder, Chairman, and CEO, is able to exercise voting rights with respect to a majority of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock as of June 30, 2012. Mr. Zuckerberg therefore has the ability to control the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of directors and any merger, consolidation, or sale of all or substantially all of our assets. This concentrated control could delay, defer, or prevent a change of control, merger, consolidation, or sale of all or substantially all of our assets that our other stockholders support, or conversely this concentrated control could result in the consummation of such a transaction that our other stockholders do not support. This concentrated control could also discourage a potential investor from acquiring our Class A common stock due to the limited voting power of such stock relative to the Class B common stock and might harm the trading price of our Class A common stock. In addition, Mr. Zuckerberg has the ability to control the management and major strategic investments of our company as a result of his position as our CEO and his ability to control the election or replacement of our directors. In the event of his death, the shares of our capital stock that Mr. Zuckerberg owns will be transferred to the persons or entities that he designates. As a board member and officer, Mr. Zuckerberg owes a fiduciary duty to our stockholders and must act in good faith in a manner he reasonably believes to be in the best interests of our stockholders. As a stockholder, even a controlling stockholder, Mr. Zuckerberg is entitled to vote his shares, and shares over which he has voting control as a result of voting agreements, in his own interests, which may not always be in the interests of our stockholders generally.

 

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We anticipate that we will expend substantial funds in connection with the tax liabilities that arise upon the initial settlement of RSUs and the manner in which we fund that expenditure may have an adverse effect on our financial condition.

We anticipate that we will expend substantial funds to satisfy tax withholding and remittance obligations on dates occurring between October 15, 2012 and November 14, 2012, when we anticipate settling a portion of our RSUs granted prior to January 1, 2011 (Pre-2011 RSUs). On the settlement dates, we plan to withhold and remit income taxes at applicable minimum statutory rates based on the then current value of the underlying shares. We currently expect that the average of these withholding tax rates will be approximately 45%. If the price of our common stock at the time of settlement were equal to $31.10, the closing price of our Class A common stock on June 30, 2012, we estimate that this tax obligation would be approximately $3.7 billion in the aggregate. The amount of this obligation could be higher or lower, depending on the closing price of our shares at the time of settlement. To settle these RSUs, assuming an approximate 45% tax withholding rate, we anticipate that we will net settle the awards by delivering an aggregate of approximately 153 million shares of Class B common stock to RSU holders and withholding an aggregate of approximately 120 million shares of Class B common stock, based on RSUs outstanding as of June 30, 2012 for which the service condition will be satisfied as of the date of settlement. In connection with these net settlements, we will withhold and remit the tax liabilities on behalf of the RSU holders in cash to the applicable tax authorities.

To fund the withholding and remittance obligations, we may choose to borrow funds from our credit facilities, use a portion of our existing cash, or rely upon a combination of these sources. In the event that we elect to satisfy tax withholding and remittance obligations in whole or in part by drawing on our credit facilities, our interest expense and principal repayment requirements could increase significantly, which could have an adverse effect on our financial results. Alternatively, we may choose to sell equity securities on a date near or after the initial settlement date in an amount that is substantially equivalent to the number of shares of common stock that we withhold in connection with these net settlements, such that the newly issued shares should not be dilutive. In the event that we issue equity securities, we cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully match the proceeds to the amount of this tax liability. In addition, any such equity financing could result in a decline in our stock price.

We cannot be certain that additional financing will be available on reasonable terms when required, or at all.

From time to time, we may need additional financing, whether in connection with our RSU tax obligation or otherwise. Our ability to obtain additional financing, if and when required, will depend on investor demand, our operating performance, the condition of the capital markets, and other factors. To the extent we draw on our credit facilities to fund the RSU tax obligation, we may need to raise additional funds and we cannot assure you that additional financing will be available to us on favorable terms when required, or at all. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity, equity-linked or debt securities, those securities may have rights, preferences, or privileges senior to the rights of our Class A common stock, and our existing stockholders may experience dilution.

Our costs are growing quickly, which could harm our business and profitability.

Providing our products to our users is costly and we expect our expenses to continue to increase in the future as we broaden our user base, as users increase the number of connections and amount of data they share with us, as we develop and implement new product features that require more computing infrastructure, and as we hire additional employees. Historically, our costs have increased each year due to these factors and we expect to continue to incur increasing costs, in particular for employees, servers, storage, power, and data centers, to support our anticipated future growth. We expect to continue to invest in our global infrastructure in order to provide our products rapidly and reliably to all users around the world, including in countries where we do not expect significant short-term monetization. Our expenses may continue to grow faster than our revenue over time. Our expenses may be greater than we anticipate, and our investments to make our business and our technical infrastructure more efficient may not be successful. In addition, we may increase marketing, sales, and other operating expenses in order to grow and expand our operations and to remain competitive. Increases in our costs may adversely affect our business and profitability.

 

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Our business is dependent on our ability to maintain and scale our technical infrastructure, and any significant disruption in our service could damage our reputation, result in a potential loss of users and engagement, and adversely affect our financial results.

Our reputation and ability to attract, retain, and serve our users is dependent upon the reliable performance of Facebook and our underlying technical infrastructure. Our systems may not be adequately designed with the necessary reliability and redundancy to avoid performance delays or outages that could be harmful to our business. If Facebook is unavailable when users attempt to access it, or if it does not load as quickly as they expect, users may not return to our website as often in the future, or at all. As our user base and the amount and types of information shared on Facebook continue to grow, we will need an increasing amount of technical infrastructure, including network capacity, and computing power, to continue to satisfy the needs of our users. It is possible that we may fail to effectively scale and grow our technical infrastructure to accommodate these increased demands. In addition, our business is subject to interruptions, delays, or failures resulting from earthquakes, adverse weather conditions, other natural disasters, power loss, terrorism, or other catastrophic events.

A substantial portion of our network infrastructure is provided by third parties. Any disruption or failure in the services we receive from these providers could harm our ability to handle existing or increased traffic and could significantly harm our business. Any financial or other difficulties these providers face may adversely affect our business, and we exercise little control over these providers, which increases our vulnerability to problems with the services they provide.

We recently began to own and build key portions of our technical infrastructure, and, because of our limited experience in this area, we could experience unforeseen difficulties.

In 2011, we began serving our products from data centers owned by Facebook using servers specifically designed for us. We plan to continue to significantly expand the size of our infrastructure, primarily through data centers that we design and own. The infrastructure expansion we are undertaking is complex, and unanticipated delays in the completion of these projects or availability of components may lead to increased project costs, operational inefficiencies, or interruptions in the delivery or degradation of the quality of our products. In addition, there may be issues related to this infrastructure that are not identified during the testing phases of design and implementation, which may only become evident after we have started to fully utilize the underlying equipment, that could further degrade the user experience or increase our costs.

Our software is highly technical, and if it contains undetected errors, our business could be adversely affected.

Our products incorporate software that is highly technical and complex. Our software has contained, and may now or in the future contain, undetected errors, bugs, or vulnerabilities. Some errors in our software code may only be discovered after the code has been released. Any errors, bugs, or vulnerabilities discovered in our code after release could result in damage to our reputation, loss of users, loss of revenue, or liability for damages, any of which could adversely affect our business and financial results.

Certain of our user metrics are subject to inherent challenges in measurement, and real or perceived inaccuracies in such metrics may harm our reputation and negatively affect our business.

The numbers of our MAUs and DAUs and average revenue per user (ARPU) are calculated using internal company data based on the activity of user accounts. While these numbers are based on what we believe to be reasonable estimates of our user base for the applicable period of measurement, there are inherent challenges in measuring usage of our products across large online and mobile populations around the world. For example, there may be individuals who maintain one or more Facebook accounts in violation of our terms of service, despite our efforts to detect and suppress such behavior. We estimate that “duplicate” accounts (an account that a user maintains in addition to his or her principal account) may have represented approximately 4.8% of our worldwide MAUs as of June 30, 2012. We also seek to identify “false” accounts, which we divide into two categories: (1) user-misclassified accounts, where users have created personal profiles for a business, organization, or non-human entity such as a pet (such entities are permitted on Facebook using a Page rather than a personal profile under our terms of service); and (2) undesirable accounts, which represent user profiles that we determine are intended to be used for purposes that violate our terms of service, such as spamming. As of June 30, 2012, we estimate user-misclassified accounts may have represented approximately 2.4% of our worldwide MAUs and undesirable accounts may have represented approximately 1.5% of our worldwide MAUs. We believe the percentage of accounts that are duplicate or false is meaningfully lower in developed markets such as the United States or Australia and higher in developing markets such as Indonesia and Turkey. However, these estimates are based on an internal review of a limited sample of accounts and we apply significant judgment in making this determination, such as identifying names that appear to be fake or other behavior that appears inauthentic to the reviewers. As such, our estimation of duplicate or false accounts may not accurately represent the actual number of such accounts. We are continually seeking to improve our ability to identify duplicate or false accounts and estimate the total number of such accounts, and such estimates may be affected by improvements or changes in our methodology.

 

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Our metrics are also affected by applications on certain mobile devices that automatically contact our servers for regular updates with no user action involved, and this activity can cause our system to count the user associated with such a device as an active user on the day such contact occurs. For example, we estimate that less than 5% of our estimated worldwide DAUs as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 resulted from this type of automatic mobile activity, and that this type of activity had a substantially smaller effect on our estimate of worldwide MAUs and mobile MAUs. The impact of this automatic activity on our metrics varies by geography because mobile usage varies in different regions of the world. In addition, our data regarding the geographic location of our users is estimated based on a number of factors, such as the user’s IP address and self-disclosed location. These factors may not always accurately reflect the user’s actual location. For example, a mobile-only user may appear to be accessing Facebook from the location of the proxy server that the user connects to rather than from the user’s actual location. The methodologies used to measure user metrics may also be susceptible to algorithm or other technical errors. For example, in early June 2012, we discovered an error in the algorithm we use to estimate the geographic location of our users that affected our attribution of certain user locations for the period ended March 31, 2012. While this issue did not affect our overall worldwide MAU and DAU numbers, it did affect our attribution of users across different geographic regions. We estimate that the number of MAUs as of March 31, 2012 for the United States and Canada region was overstated as a result of the error by approximately 3% and this overstatement was offset by understatements in other regions. In addition, our estimates for revenue by user location are also affected by these factors. We regularly review and may adjust our processes for calculating these metrics to improve their accuracy. In addition, our MAU and DAU estimates will differ from estimates published by third parties due to differences in methodology. For example, some third parties do not count mobile users. If advertisers, developers, or investors do not perceive our user metrics to be accurate representations of our user base, or if we discover material inaccuracies in our user metrics, our reputation may be harmed and advertisers and developers may be less willing to allocate their budgets or resources to Facebook, which could negatively affect our business and financial results.

We cannot assure you that we will effectively manage our growth.

Our employee headcount and the scope and complexity of our business have increased significantly, with the number of full-time employees increasing to 3,976 as of June 30, 2012 from 2,661 as of June 30, 2011, and we expect headcount growth to continue for the foreseeable future. The growth and expansion of our business and products create significant challenges for our management, operational, and financial resources, including managing multiple relations with users, advertisers, Platform developers, and other third parties. In the event of continued growth of our operations or in the number of our third-party relationships, our information technology systems or our internal controls and procedures may not be adequate to support our operations. In addition, some members of our management do not have significant experience managing a large global business operation, so our management may not be able to manage such growth effectively. To effectively manage our growth, we must continue to improve our operational, financial, and management processes and systems and to effectively expand, train, and manage our employee base. As our organization continues to grow, and we are required to implement more complex organizational management structures, we may find it increasingly difficult to maintain the benefits of our corporate culture, including our ability to quickly develop and launch new and innovative products. This could negatively affect our business performance.

The loss of one or more of our key personnel, or our failure to attract and retain other highly qualified personnel in the future, could harm our business.

We currently depend on the continued services and performance of our key personnel, including Mark Zuckerberg and Sheryl K. Sandberg. Although we have entered into employment agreements with Mr. Zuckerberg and Ms. Sandberg, the agreements have no specific duration and constitute at-will employment. In addition, many of our key technologies and systems are custom-made for our business by our personnel. The loss of key personnel, including members of management as well as key engineering, product development, marketing, and sales personnel, could disrupt our operations and have an adverse effect on our business.

 

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As we continue to grow, we cannot guarantee we will continue to attract the personnel we need to maintain our competitive position. In particular, we intend to hire a significant number of engineering and sales personnel in 2012, and we expect to face significant competition from other companies in hiring such personnel, particularly in the San Francisco Bay Area. As we mature, the incentives to attract, retain, and motivate employees provided by our equity awards or by future arrangements, such as through cash bonuses, may not be as effective as in the past. Additionally, we have a number of current employees whose equity ownership in our company gives them a substantial amount of personal wealth. Likewise, we have a number of current employees whose equity awards are fully vested and are entitled to receive substantial amounts of our capital stock. As a result, it may be difficult for us to continue to retain and motivate these employees, and this wealth could affect their decisions about whether or not they continue to work for us. If we do not succeed in attracting, hiring, and integrating excellent personnel, or retaining and motivating existing personnel, we may be unable to grow effectively.

We may incur liability as a result of information retrieved from or transmitted over the Internet or posted to Facebook and claims related to our products.

We have faced, currently face, and will continue to face claims relating to information that is published or made available on Facebook. In particular, the nature of our business exposes us to claims related to defamation, intellectual property rights, rights of publicity and privacy, and personal injury torts. This risk is enhanced in certain jurisdictions outside the United States where our protection from liability for third-party actions may be unclear and where we may be less protected under local laws than we are in the United States. We could incur significant costs investigating and defending such claims and, if we are found liable, significant damages. If any of these events occur, our business and financial results could be adversely affected.

Computer malware, viruses, hacking and phishing attacks, and spamming could harm our business and results of operations.

Computer malware, viruses, and computer hacking and phishing attacks have become more prevalent in our industry, have occurred on our systems in the past, and may occur on our systems in the future. Because of our prominence, we believe that we are a particularly attractive target for such attacks. Though it is difficult to determine what, if any, harm may directly result from any specific interruption or attack, any failure to maintain performance, reliability, security, and availability of our products and technical infrastructure to the satisfaction of our users may harm our reputation and our ability to retain existing users and attract new users.

In addition, spammers attempt to use our products to send targeted and untargeted spam messages to users, which may embarrass or annoy users and make Facebook less user-friendly. We cannot be certain that the technologies and employees that we have to attempt to defeat spamming attacks will be able to eliminate all spam messages from being sent on our platform. As a result of spamming activities, our users may use Facebook less or stop using our products altogether.

Payment transactions on the Facebook Platform may subject us to additional regulatory requirements and other risks that could be costly and difficult to comply with or that could harm our business.

Our users can use the Facebook Platform to purchase virtual and digital goods from our Platform developers using our Payments infrastructure. Depending on how our Payments product evolves, we may be subject to a variety of laws and regulations in the United States, Europe, and elsewhere, including those governing money transmission, gift cards and other prepaid access instruments, electronic funds transfers, anti-money laundering, counter-terrorist financing, gambling, banking and lending, and import and export restrictions. In some jurisdictions, the application or interpretation of these laws and regulations is not clear. To increase flexibility in how our use of Payments may evolve and to mitigate regulatory uncertainty, we have applied for and received certain money transmitter licenses in the United States and expect to apply for certain regulatory licenses in Europe, which will generally require us to demonstrate compliance with many domestic and foreign laws in these areas. Our efforts to comply with these laws and regulations could be costly and result in diversion of management time and effort and may still not guarantee compliance. In the event that we are found to be in violation of any such legal or regulatory requirements, we may be subject to monetary fines or other penalties such as a cease and desist order, or we may be required to make product changes, any of which could have an adverse effect on our business and financial results.

 

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In addition, we may be subject to a variety of additional risks as a result of Payments on the Facebook Platform, including:

 

   

increased costs and diversion of management time and effort and other resources to deal with bad transactions or customer disputes;

 

   

potential fraudulent or otherwise illegal activity by users, developers, employees, or third parties;

 

   

restrictions on the investment of consumer funds used to transact Payments; and

 

   

additional disclosure and reporting requirements.

We plan to continue expanding our operations abroad where we have limited operating experience and may be subject to increased business and economic risks that could affect our financial results.

We plan to continue the international expansion of our business operations and the translation of our products. We currently make Facebook available in more than 70 different languages, and we have offices or data centers in more than 20 different countries. We may enter new international markets where we have limited or no experience in marketing, selling, and deploying our products. For example, we continue to evaluate entering China. However, this market has substantial legal and regulatory complexities that have prevented our entry into China to date. If we fail to deploy or manage our operations in international markets successfully, our business may suffer. In addition, we are subject to a variety of risks inherent in doing business internationally, including:

 

   

political, social, or economic instability;

 

   

risks related to the legal and regulatory environment in foreign jurisdictions, including with respect to privacy, and unexpected changes in laws, regulatory requirements, and enforcement;

 

   

potential damage to our brand and reputation due to compliance with local laws, including potential censorship or requirements to provide user information to local authorities;

 

   

fluctuations in currency exchange rates;

 

   

higher levels of credit risk and payment fraud;

 

   

enhanced difficulties of integrating any foreign acquisitions;

 

   

burdens of complying with a variety of foreign laws;

 

   

reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;

 

   

difficulties in staffing and managing global operations and the increased travel, infrastructure, and legal compliance costs associated with multiple international locations;

 

   

compliance with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the U.K. Bribery Act, and similar laws in other jurisdictions; and

 

   

compliance with statutory equity requirements and management of tax consequences.

If we are unable to expand internationally and manage the complexity of our global operations successfully, our financial results could be adversely affected.

 

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We plan to continue to make acquisitions, which could require significant management attention, disrupt our business, result in dilution to our stockholders, and adversely affect our financial results.

As part of our business strategy, we have made and intend to make acquisitions to add specialized employees, complementary companies, products, or technologies. For example, in April 2012, we entered into an agreement to acquire Instagram, Inc., the closing of which is subject to closing conditions and regulatory clearance. Our ability to acquire and integrate larger or more complex companies, products, or technologies in a successful manner is unproven . In the future, we may not be able to find other suitable acquisition candidates, and we may not be able to complete acquisitions on favorable terms, if at all. Our previous and future acquisitions may not achieve our goals, and any future acquisitions we complete could be viewed negatively by users, developers, advertisers, or investors. In addition, if we fail to successfully close or integrate any acquisitions, or integrate the products or technologies associated with such acquisitions into our company, our revenue and operating results could be adversely affected. Any integration process may require significant time and resources, and we may not be able to manage the process successfully. We may not successfully evaluate or utilize the acquired products, technology, or personnel, or accurately forecast the financial impact of an acquisition transaction, including accounting charges. We may have to pay cash, incur debt, or issue equity securities to pay for any such acquisition, any of which could adversely affect our financial results. The sale of equity or issuance of debt to finance any such acquisitions could result in dilution to our stockholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased fixed obligations and could also include covenants or other restrictions that would impede our ability to manage our operations.

If we default on our leasing and credit obligations, our operations may be interrupted and our business and financial results could be adversely affected.

We finance a significant portion of our expenditures through leasing arrangements, some of which are not required to be reflected on our balance sheet, and we may enter into additional similar arrangements in the future. In particular, we have used these types of arrangements to finance some of our equipment and data centers. In addition, we have credit facilities that we may draw upon to finance our operations or other corporate purposes, such as funding our tax withholding and remittance obligations in connection with the settlement of RSUs. If we default on these leasing and credit obligations, our leasing partners and lenders may, among other things:

 

   

require repayment of any outstanding lease obligations or amounts drawn on our credit facilities;

 

   

terminate our leasing arrangements and credit facilities;

 

   

terminate our access to the leased data centers we utilize;

 

   

stop delivery of ordered equipment;

 

   

sell or require us to return our leased equipment; or

 

   

require us to pay significant damages.

If some or all of these events were to occur, our operations may be interrupted and our ability to fund our operations or obligations, as well as our business, financial results, and financial condition, could be adversely affected.

We may have exposure to greater than anticipated tax liabilities.

Our income tax obligations are based in part on our corporate operating structure and intercompany arrangements, including the manner in which we develop, value, and use our intellectual property and the valuations of our intercompany transactions. The tax laws applicable to our business, including the laws of the United States and other jurisdictions, are subject to interpretation. The taxing authorities of the jurisdictions in which we operate may challenge our methodologies for valuing developed technology or intercompany arrangements, which could increase our worldwide effective tax rate and harm our financial position and results of operations. In addition, our future income taxes could be adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in jurisdictions that have lower statutory tax rates and higher than anticipated in jurisdictions that have higher statutory tax rates, by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, or by changes in tax laws, regulations, or accounting principles. We are subject to regular review and audit by both U.S. federal and state and foreign tax authorities. Any adverse outcome of such a review or audit could have a negative effect on our financial position and results of operations. In addition, the determination of our worldwide provision for income taxes and other tax liabilities requires significant judgment by management, and there are many transactions where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. Although we believe that our estimates are reasonable, the ultimate tax outcome may differ from the amounts recorded in our financial statements and may materially affect our financial results in the period or periods for which such determination is made.

 

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The enactment of legislation implementing changes in the U.S. taxation of international business activities or the adoption of other tax reform policies could materially affect our financial position and results of operations.

The current administration has made public statements indicating that it has made international tax reform a priority, and key members of the U.S. Congress have conducted hearings and proposed a wide variety of potential changes. Certain changes to U.S. tax laws, including limitations on the ability to defer U.S. taxation on earnings outside of the United States until those earnings are repatriated to the United States, could affect the tax treatment of our foreign earnings, as well as cash and cash equivalent balances we currently maintain outside of the United States. Due to the large and expanding scale of our international business activities, any changes in the U.S. taxation of such activities may increase our worldwide effective tax rate and harm our financial position and results of operations.

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock

The trading price of our Class A common stock has been and will likely continue to be volatile.

The trading price of our Class A common stock has been, and is likely to continue to be, volatile. Since shares of our Class A common stock were sold in our initial public offering in May 2012 at a price of $38.00 per share, our stock price has ranged from $25.52 to $45.00, through June 30, 2012. In addition to the factors discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the trading price of our Class A common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control, including:

 

   

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our revenue and other operating results;

 

   

the financial projections we may provide to the public, any changes in these projections or our failure to meet these projections;

 

   

actions of securities analysts who initiate or maintain coverage of us, changes in financial estimates by any securities analysts who follow our company, or our failure to meet these estimates or the expectations of investors;

 

   

additional shares of our common stock being sold into the market by us or our existing stockholders or the anticipation of such sales, including if we issue shares to satisfy RSU-related tax obligations or if existing stockholders sell shares into the market when applicable “lock-up” periods end;

 

   

investor sentiment with respect to our competitors, our business partners, and our industry in general;

 

   

announcements by us or our competitors of significant products or features, technical innovations, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, or capital commitments;

 

   

announcements by us or estimates by third parties of actual or anticipated changes in the size of our user base, the level of user engagement or the effectiveness of our ad products;

 

   

changes in operating performance and stock market valuations of technology companies in our industry, including our Platform developers and competitors;

 

   

price and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market, including as a result of trends in the economy as a whole;

 

   

media coverage of our business and financial performance;

 

   

lawsuits threatened or filed against us;

 

   

developments in new legislation and pending lawsuits or regulatory actions, including interim or final rulings by judicial or regulatory bodies; and

 

   

other events or factors, including those resulting from war or incidents of terrorism, or responses to these events.

 

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In addition, the stock markets have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have affected and continue to affect the market prices of equity securities of many technology companies. Stock prices of many technology companies have fluctuated in a manner unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. Following our initial public offering, the events surrounding the offering became the subject of securities litigation. We may experience more such litigation following future periods of volatility. Any securities litigation could subject us to substantial costs, divert resources and the attention of management from our business, and adversely affect our business.

Substantial blocks of our total outstanding shares may be sold into the market when “lock-up” or “market standoff” periods end. If there are substantial sales of shares of our common stock, the price of our Class A common stock could decline.

The price of our Class A common stock could decline if there are substantial sales of our common stock, particularly sales by our directors, executive officers, employees, and significant stockholders, or when there is a large number of shares of our common stock available for sale. As of June 30, 2012, there were 640,605,043 shares of our Class A common stock and 1,500,952,264 shares of our Class B common stock outstanding. Shares of our Class B common stock are convertible into an equivalent number of shares of our Class A common stock and generally convert into shares of our Class A common stock upon transfer.

The 180,000,000 shares of our Class A common stock sold in our IPO are freely tradable in the public market. The remaining shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock, as well as the shares underlying outstanding RSUs and shares subject to employee stock options, will be eligible for sale in the public market in the near future as set forth below:

 

Date Available for Sale into Public Market

  

Number of Shares of Common Stock

August 16, 2012

  

271,123,815 shares held by the selling stockholders in our IPO other than Mr. Zuckerberg

Date between October 15, 2012 and November 13, 2012

  

approximately 133 million shares underlying net- settled Pre-2011 RSUs held by our directors and then current employees and approximately 55 million outstanding shares and approximately 55 million shares subject to stock options held by then current employees other than Mr. Zuckerberg

November 14, 2012

  

approximately 1,197 million outstanding shares and approximately 20 million shares underlying other net-settled Pre-2011 RSUs

December 14, 2012

  

149,432,006 shares held by the selling stockholders in our IPO other than Mr. Zuckerberg

May 18, 2013

  

47,315,862 shares held by Mail.ru Group Limited and DST Global Limited and their respective affiliates

In addition, as of June 30, 2012, options to purchase 45,693,252 shares of Class B common stock held by former employees were outstanding and fully vested and the Class B common stock underlying such options will be eligible for sale on November 14, 2012. Furthermore, the remaining 60,000,000 shares subject to the partially exercised stock option held by Mr. Zuckerberg will be eligible for sale on November 14, 2012. We expect an additional approximately 4 million shares of Class B common stock to be delivered upon the net settlement of RSUs between the date of the initial settlement of RSUs described above and December 31, 2012 will be eligible for sale in the public market immediately following settlement.

Certain holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements covering their shares or to include their shares in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or our stockholders. All of these shares are subject to market standoff or lock-up agreements restricting their sale for specified periods of time after our IPO. We also registered 1,182,700,275 additional shares of common stock that we have issued and may issue under our employee equity incentive plans on Form S-8, all of which will be freely tradeable in the public market upon issuance, subject to existing market standoff or lock-up agreements.

 

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Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, the representative of the underwriters of our IPO, may, with our prior written consent, permit our executive officers, our directors, and the selling stockholders from our IPO to sell shares prior to the expiration of the restrictive provisions contained in the “lock-up” agreements with the underwriters. In addition, we may, in our sole discretion, permit our employees and current stockholders who are subject to market standoff agreements or arrangements with us and who are not subject to a lock-up agreement with the underwriters to sell shares prior to the expiration of the restrictive provisions contained in those market standoff agreements or arrangements.

The trading price of the shares of our Class A common stock could decline as a result of the sale of a substantial number of our shares of common stock in the public market or the perception in the market that the holders of a large number of shares intend to sell their shares.

If securities or industry analysts publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price could decline.

The trading market for our Class A common stock depends in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our Class A common stock or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our Class A common stock price could decline.

We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future.

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain any future earnings to finance the operation and expansion of our business, and we do not expect to declare or pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. As a result, you may only receive a return on your investment in our Class A common stock if the trading price of our Class A common stock increases. In addition, our credit facilities contain restrictions on our ability to pay dividends.

If we are unable to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in the future, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and the trading price of our Class A common stock may be negatively affected.

We are required to maintain internal controls over financial reporting and to report any material weaknesses in such internal controls. In addition, beginning with our 2013 Annual Report on Form 10-K to be filed in 2014, we will be required to furnish a report by management on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We are in the process of designing, implementing, and testing the internal control over financial reporting required to comply with this obligation, which process is time consuming, costly, and complicated. If we identify material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, if we are unable to comply with the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner or assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an opinion as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and the trading price of our Class A common stock could be negatively affected, and we could become subject to investigations by the stock exchange on which our securities are listed, the Securities and Exchange Commission, or other regulatory authorities, which could require additional financial and management resources.

The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources and divert management’s attention.

We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Act, the listing requirements of the NASDAQ Global Select Market, and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Compliance with these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming, or costly, and increase demand on our systems and resources. As a result, management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could harm our business and operating results. Although we have hired additional employees to comply with these requirements, we may need to hire more employees in the future, which will increase our costs and expenses.

 

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In addition, complying with public disclosure rules makes our business more visible, which we believe may result in threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors and other third parties. If such claims are successful, our business and operating results could be harmed, and even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them, could divert the resources of our management and harm our business and operating results.

The dual class structure of our common stock and the voting agreements among certain stockholders have the effect of concentrating voting control with our CEO, and also with employees and directors and their affiliates; this will limit or preclude your ability to influence corporate matters.

Our Class B common stock has ten votes per share, and our Class A common stock has one vote per share. Stockholders who hold shares of Class B common stock, including our executive officers, employees, and directors and their affiliates, together hold a substantial majority of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock. Because of the ten-to-one voting ratio between our Class B and Class A common stock, the holders of our Class B common stock collectively control a majority of the combined voting power of our common stock and therefore are able to control all matters submitted to our stockholders for approval so long as the shares of Class B common stock represent at least 9.1% of all outstanding shares of our Class A and Class B common stock. This concentrated control will limit or preclude your ability to influence corporate matters for the foreseeable future.

Future transfers by holders of Class B common stock will generally result in those shares converting to Class A common stock, subject to limited exceptions, such as certain transfers effected for estate planning or charitable purposes. The conversion of Class B common stock to Class A common stock will have the effect, over time, of increasing the relative voting power of those holders of Class B common stock who retain their shares in the long term. If, for example, Mr. Zuckerberg retains a significant portion of his holdings of Class B common stock for an extended period of time, he could, in the future, continue to control a majority of the combined voting power of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock.

We have elected to take advantage of the “controlled company” exemption to the corporate governance rules for NASDAQ-listed companies, which could make our Class A common stock less attractive to some investors or otherwise harm our stock price.

Because we qualify as a “controlled company” under the corporate governance rules for NASDAQ-listed companies, we are not required to have a majority of our board of directors be independent, nor are we required to have a compensation committee or an independent nominating function. In light of our status as a controlled company, our board of directors determined not to have an independent nominating function and chose to have the full board of directors be directly responsible for nominating members of our board, and in the future we could elect not to have a majority of our board of directors be independent or not to have a compensation committee. Accordingly, should the interests of our controlling stockholder differ from those of other stockholders, the other stockholders may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance rules for NASDAQ-listed companies. Our status as a controlled company could make our Class A common stock less attractive to some investors or otherwise harm our stock price.

 

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Delaware law and provisions in our restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws could make a merger, tender offer, or proxy contest difficult, thereby depressing the trading price of our Class A common stock.

Our status as a Delaware corporation and the anti-takeover provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law may discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control by prohibiting us from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the person becomes an interested stockholder, even if a change of control would be beneficial to our existing stockholders. In addition, our restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that may make the acquisition of our company more difficult, including the following:

 

   

until the first date on which the outstanding shares of our Class B common stock represent less than 35% of the combined voting power of our common stock, any transaction that would result in a change in control of our company requires the approval of a majority of our outstanding Class B common stock voting as a separate class;

 

   

we have a dual class common stock structure, which provides Mr. Zuckerberg with the ability to control the outcome of matters requiring stockholder approval, even if he owns significantly less than a majority of the shares of our outstanding Class A and Class B common stock;

 

   

when the outstanding shares of our Class B common stock represent less than a majority of the combined voting power of common stock, certain amendments to our restated certificate of incorporation or bylaws will require the approval of two-thirds of the combined vote of our then-outstanding shares of Class A and Class B common stock;

 

   

when the outstanding shares of our Class B common stock represent less than a majority of the combined voting power of our common stock, vacancies on our board of directors will be able to be filled only by our board of directors and not by stockholders;

 

   

when the outstanding shares of our Class B common stock represent less than a majority of the combined voting power of our common stock, our board of directors will be classified into three classes of directors with staggered three-year terms and directors will only be able to be removed from office for cause;

 

   

when the outstanding shares of our Class B common stock represent less than a majority of the combined voting power of our common stock, our stockholders will only be able to take action at a meeting of stockholders and not by written consent;

 

   

only our chairman, our chief executive officer, our president, or a majority of our board of directors are authorized to call a special meeting of stockholders;

 

   

advance notice procedures apply for stockholders to nominate candidates for election as directors or to bring matters before an annual meeting of stockholders;

 

   

our restated certificate of incorporation authorizes undesignated preferred stock, the terms of which may be established, and shares of which may be issued, without stockholder approval; and

 

   

certain litigation against us can only be brought in Delaware.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

a) Sales of Unregistered Securities

From April 1, 2012 through May 17, 2012, we issued to our directors, officers, employees, consultants, and other service providers an aggregate of 62,250,459 shares of our Class B common stock at per share purchase prices ranging from $0.06 to $1.85 pursuant to exercises of options granted under our 2005 Stock Plan and our 2005 Officers’ Plan.

On May 3, 2012, we granted to our officers and employees an aggregate of 25,182,485 RSUs to be settled in shares of our Class B common stock under our 2005 Stock Plan.

On April 13, 2012, we issued 40,000 shares of our Class A common stock as consideration to four individuals in connection with our purchase of certain assets from a company.

On May 4, 2012, we issued 36,826 shares of our Class A common stock as consideration to eight individuals in connection with our acquisition of all the outstanding shares of a company.

On May 18, 2012, we issued 1,099,986 shares of our Class A common stock as consideration to 29 individuals and 12 entities in connection with our acquisition of all the outstanding shares of a company.

The sales of the above securities were exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act), in reliance upon Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, or Rule 701 promulgated under Section 3(b) of the Securities Act as transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering or pursuant to benefit plans and contracts relating to compensation as provided under Rule 701. The recipients of the securities in each of these transactions represented their intentions to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof, and appropriate legends were placed upon the stock certificates issued in these transactions.

 

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(b) Use of Proceeds

On May 17, 2012, our registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-179287) was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission for our initial public offering pursuant to which we sold an aggregate of 180,000,000 shares of our Class A common stock at a price to the public of $38.00 per share. Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Goldman, Sachs & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, Barclays Capital Inc., Allen & Company LLC, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. acted as book runners. The offering commenced as of May 18, 2012 and did not terminate before all of the securities registered in the registration statement were sold. On May 22, 2012, we closed the sale of such shares, resulting in net proceeds to us of $6.8 billion after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $75 million and other offering expenses of approximately $6 million. No payments were made by us to directors, officers or persons owning ten percent or more of our common stock or to their associates, or to our affiliates. We invested the funds received in short-term and long-term marketable securities, consisting of U.S. government and government agency securities. There has been no material change in the planned use of proceeds from our initial public offering as described in our final prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 18, 2012 pursuant to Rule 424(b).

c) Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Not applicable.

Item 6. Exhibits

 

Exhibit           Incorporated by Reference   

Filed

Herewith

Number

  

Exhibit Description

  

Form

    

File No.

    

Exhibit

    

Filing Date

  
  3.1    Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant.                X
  3.2    Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant.                X
  4.1    Amendment No. 1 to Sixth Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement, dated May 1, 2012, by and among Registrant and certain security holders of Registrant.      S-1         333-179287         4.2A       May 3, 
2012
  
10.1    2012 Equity Incentive Plan.      S-1         333-179287         10.4       April 23,

2012

  
10.2    2012 Equity Incentive Plan forms of award agreements.                X
10.3    Amendment No. 1 to Conversion Agreement, dated April 30, 2012, between Registrant and Mail.ru Group Limited (f/k/a Digital Sky Technologies Limited), DST Global Limited, DST Global II, L.P, DST Global III, L.P., DST USA Limited, and DST USA II Limited.      S-1         333-179287         10.16A       May 3,
2012
  
10.4†    Amendment No. 2 to Developer Addendum, dated April 25, 2012, between Registrant and Zynga Inc.                X
10.5    Amendment No. 1 to Developer Addendum No. 2, dated June 12, 2012, between Registrant and Zynga Inc.                X

 

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Exhibit           Incorporated by Reference   

Filed

Herewith

Number

  

Exhibit Description

  

Form

  

File No.

  

Exhibit

  

Filing Date

  
  10.6    Amendment No. 2 to Developer Addendum No. 2, dated July 3, 2012, between Registrant and Zynga Inc.                X
  31.1    Certification of Mark Zuckerberg, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.                X
  31.2    Certification of David A. Ebersman, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.                X
  32.1#    Certification of Mark Zuckerberg, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.                X
  32.2#    Certification of David A. Ebersman, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.                X
101.INS*    XBRL Instance Document.                X
101.SCH*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.                X
101.CAL*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.                X
101.DEF*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.                X
101.LAB*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document.                X
101.PRE*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.                X

 

Registrant has omitted portions of the referenced exhibit pursuant to a request for confidential treatment under Rule 406 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act).

#

This certification is deemed not filed for purposes of section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

*

Pursuant to applicable securities laws and regulations, these interactive data files are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act, are deemed not filed for purposes of section 18 of the Exchange Act and otherwise are not subject to liability under these sections.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Menlo Park, State of California, on this 31st day of July 2012.

 

    FACEBOOK, INC.

Date: July 31, 2012

 

/s/ DAVID A. EBERSMAN

 

David A. Ebersman

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

Date: July 31, 2012

 

/s/ DAVID M. SPILLANE

 

David M. Spillane

Chief Accounting Officer

(Principal Accounting Officer)

 

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EXHIBIT 3.1

Facebook, Inc.

RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

Facebook, Inc., a Delaware corporation, hereby certifies as follows.

1. The name of the corporation is Facebook, Inc. The date of filing its original Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State was July 29, 2004, under the name TheFacebook, Inc.

2. The Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the corporation attached hereto as Exhibit A, which is incorporated herein by this reference, and which restates, integrates and further amends the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation as heretofore amended and/or restated, has been duly adopted by the corporation’s Board of Directors and by the stockholders in accordance with Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, with the approval of the corporation’s stockholders having been given by written consent without a meeting in accordance with Section 228 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this corporation has caused this Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be signed by its duly authorized officer and the foregoing facts stated herein are true and correct.

 

Dated: May 22, 2012

   

FACEBOOK, INC.

   

By:

 

/s/ Mark Zuckerberg

   

Name:

 

Mark Zuckerberg

   

Title:

 

Chief Executive Officer


FACEBOOK, INC.

RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

ARTICLE I: NAME

The name of the corporation is Facebook, Inc.

ARTICLE II: AGENT FOR SERVICE OF PROCESS

The address of the corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is 2711 Centerville Road, Suite 400, Wilmington, County of New Castle, 19808. The name of the registered agent of the corporation at that address is Corporation Service Company.

ARTICLE III: PURPOSE

The purpose of the corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (“ General Corporation Law ”).

ARTICLE IV: AUTHORIZED STOCK

1. Total Authorized .

The total number of shares of all classes of capital stock that the corporation has authority to issue is 9,241,000,000 shares, consisting of: 5,000,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, $0.000006 par value per share (“ Class A Common Stock ”), 4,141,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock, $0.000006 par value per share (“ Class B Common Stock ” and together with the Class A Common Stock, the “ Common Stock ”) and 100,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $0.000006 par value per share. The number of authorized shares of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of capital stock representing a majority of the voting power of all the then-outstanding shares of capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote thereon, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the General Corporation Law.

2. Designation of Additional Shares

2.1 The Board of Directors is authorized, subject to any limitations prescribed by the laws of the State of Delaware, by resolution or resolutions, to provide for the issuance of the shares of Preferred Stock in one or more series, and, by filing a certificate of designation pursuant to the applicable law of the State of Delaware (“ Certificate of Designation ”), to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each such series, to fix the designation, powers (including voting powers), preferences and relative, participating, optional or other rights, if any, of the shares of each such series and any qualifications, limitations or


restrictions thereof, and to increase (but not above the total number of authorized shares of such class) or decrease (but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding) the number of shares of any such series. The number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock may also be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all the then-outstanding shares of capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote thereon, without a separate vote of the holders of the Preferred Stock or any series thereof, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the General Corporation Law, unless a vote of any such holders is required pursuant to the terms of any Certificate of Designation designating a series of Preferred Stock.

2.2 Except as otherwise expressly provided in any Certificate of Designation designating any series of Preferred Stock pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this ARTICLE IV, any new series of Preferred Stock may be designated, fixed and determined as provided herein by the Board of Directors without approval of the holders of Common Stock or the holders of Preferred Stock, or any series thereof, and any such new series may have powers, preferences and rights, including, without limitation, voting powers, dividend rights, liquidation rights, redemption rights and conversion rights, senior to, junior to or pari passu with the rights of the Common Stock, the Preferred Stock, or any future class or series of Preferred Stock or Common Stock.

3. Rights of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock .

3.1 Equal Status . Except as otherwise provided in this Restated Certificate of Incorporation or required by applicable law, shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock shall have the same rights and powers, rank equally (including as to dividends and distributions, and upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the corporation), share ratably and be identical in all respects and as to all matters.

3.2 Voting Rights . Except as otherwise expressly provided by this Restated Certificate of Incorporation or as provided by law, the holders of shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock shall (a) at all times vote together as a single class on all matters (including the election of directors) submitted to a vote or for the consent (if action by written consent of the stockholders is permitted at such time under this Restated Certificate of Incorporation) of the stockholders of the corporation, (b) be entitled to notice of any stockholders’ meeting in accordance with the Bylaws of the corporation and (c) be entitled to vote upon such matters and in such manner as may be provided by applicable law. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein or required by applicable law, each holder of Class A Common Stock shall have the right to one (1) vote per share of Class A Common Stock held of record by such holder and each holder of Class B Common Stock shall have the right to ten (10) votes per share of Class B Common Stock held of record by such holder.

3.3 Dividend and Distribution Rights . Shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock shall be treated equally, identically and ratably, on a per share basis, with respect to any dividends or distributions as may be declared and paid from time to time by the Board of Directors out of any assets of the corporation legally available therefor; provided , however , that in the event a dividend is paid in the form of shares of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock (or rights to acquire such shares), then holders of Class A Common Stock shall receive shares of Class A Common Stock (or rights to acquire such shares, as the

 

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case may be) and holders of Class B Common Stock shall receive shares of Class B Common Stock (or rights to acquire such shares, as the case may be), with holders of shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock receiving, on a per share basis, an identical number of shares of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock, as applicable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board of Directors may pay or make a disparate dividend or distribution per share of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock (whether in the amount of such dividend or distribution payable per share, the form in which such dividend or distribution is payable, the timing of the payment, or otherwise) if such disparate dividend or distribution is approved in advance by the affirmative vote (or written consent if action by written consent of stockholders is permitted at such time under this Restated Certificate of Incorporation) of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock, each voting separately as a class.

3.4 Subdivisions, Combinations or Reclassifications . Shares of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock may not be subdivided, combined or reclassified unless the shares of the other class are concurrently therewith proportionately subdivided, combined or reclassified in a manner that maintains the same proportionate equity ownership between the holders of the outstanding Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock on the record date for such subdivision, combination or reclassification; provided , however , that shares of one such class may be subdivided, combined or reclassified in a different or disproportionate manner if such subdivision, combination or reclassification is approved in advance by the affirmative vote (or written consent if action by written consent of stockholders is permitted at such time under this Restated Certificate of Incorporation) of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock, each voting separately as a class.

3.5 Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up . Subject to the preferential or other rights of any holders of Preferred Stock then outstanding, upon the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, holders of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock will be entitled to receive ratably all assets of the corporation available for distribution to its stockholders unless disparate or different treatment of the shares of each such class with respect to distributions upon any such liquidation, dissolution or winding up is approved in advance by the affirmative vote (or written consent if action by written consent of stockholders is permitted at such time under this Restated Certificate of Incorporation) of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock, each voting separately as a class.

3.6 Merger or Consolidation . In the case of any distribution or payment in respect of the shares of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock upon the consolidation or merger of the Corporation with or into any other entity, or in the case of any other transaction having an effect on stockholders substantially similar to that resulting from a consolidation or merger, such distribution or payment shall be made ratably on a per share basis among the holders of the Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock as a single class; provided , however , that shares of one such class may receive different or disproportionate distributions or payments in connection with such merger, consolidation or other transaction if (i) the only difference in the per share distribution to the holders of the Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock is that any securities distributed to the holder of a share Class B

 

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Common Stock have ten times the voting power of any securities distributed to the holder of a share of Class A Common Stock, or (ii) such merger, consolidation or other transaction is approved by the affirmative vote (or written consent if action by written consent of stockholders is permitted at such time under this Restated Certificate of Incorporation) of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock, each voting separately as a class.

3.7 Change of Control Class B Vote . Until the first date on which the outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock represent less than thirty-five percent (35%) of the total voting power of the then outstanding shares of the corporation then entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, the corporation shall not consummate a Change in Control Transaction (as defined in Section 4 of this ARTICLE IV) without first obtaining the affirmative vote (or written consent if action by written consent of stockholders is permitted at such time under this Restated Certificate of Incorporation) of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, voting as a separate class, in addition to any other vote required by applicable law, this Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws.

3.8 Conversion of Class B Common Stock .

(a) Voluntary Conversion . Each share of Class B Common Stock shall be convertible into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock at the option of the holder thereof at any time upon written notice to the corporation. Before any holder of Class B Common Stock shall be entitled to voluntarily convert any shares of such Class B Common Stock, such holder shall surrender the certificate or certificates therefor (if any), duly endorsed, at the principal corporate office of the corporation or of any transfer agent for the Class B Common Stock, and shall give written notice to the corporation at its principal corporate office, of the election to convert the same and shall state therein the name or names (i) in which the certificate or certificates representing the shares of Class A Common Stock into which the shares of Class B Common Stock are so converted are to be issued if such shares are certificated or (ii) in which such shares are to be registered in book entry if such shares are uncertificated. The corporation shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, issue and deliver at such office to such holder of Class B Common Stock, or to the nominee or nominees of such holder, a certificate or certificates representing the number of shares of Class A Common Stock to which such holder shall be entitled as aforesaid (if such shares are certificated) or, if such shares are uncertificated, register such shares in book-entry form. Such conversion shall be deemed to have been made immediately prior to the close of business on the date of such surrender of the shares of Class B Common Stock to be converted following or contemporaneously with the written notice of such holder’s election to convert required by this Section 3.8(a), and the person or persons entitled to receive the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon such conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such shares of Class A Common Stock as of such date. Each share of Class B Common Stock that is converted pursuant to this Section 3.8(a) shall be retired by the corporation and shall not be available for reissuance.

(b) Automatic Conversion . (i) Each share of Class B Common Stock shall be automatically, without further action by the holder thereof, converted into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock, upon the occurrence of a Transfer (as defined in Section 4 of this ARTICLE IV), other than a Permitted Transfer (as defined in Section

 

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4 of this ARTICLE IV), of such share of Class B Common Stock and (ii) all shares of Class B Common Stock shall be automatically, without further action by any holder thereof, converted into an identical number of shares of Class A Common Stock at such date and time, or the occurrence of an event, specified by the affirmative vote (or written consent if action by written consent of stockholders is permitted at such time under this Restated Certificate of Incorporation) of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares Class B Common Stock, voting as a separate class (the occurrence of an event described in clause (i) or (ii) of this Section 3.8(b), a “ Conversion Event ”). Each outstanding stock certificate that, immediately prior to a Conversion Event, represented one or more shares of Class B Common Stock subject to such Conversion Event shall, upon such Conversion Event, be deemed to represent an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock, without the need for surrender or exchange thereof. The corporation shall, upon the request of any holder whose shares of Class B Common Stock have been converted into shares of Class A Common Stock as a result of a Conversion Event and upon surrender by such holder to the corporation of the outstanding certificate(s) formerly representing such holder’s shares of Class B Common Stock (if any), issue and deliver to such holder certificate(s) representing the shares of Class A Common Stock into which such holder’s shares of Class B Common Stock were converted as a result of such Conversion Event (if such shares are certificated) or, if such shares are uncertificated, register such shares in book-entry form. Each share of Class B Common Stock that is converted pursuant to this Section 3.8(b) of ARTICLE IV shall thereupon be retired by the corporation and shall not be available for reissuance.

(c) The corporation may, from time to time, establish such policies and procedures, not in violation of applicable law or the other provisions of this Restated Certificate, relating to the conversion of the Class B Common Stock into Class A Common Stock, as it may deem necessary or advisable in connection therewith. If the corporation has reason to believe that a Transfer giving rise to a conversion of shares of Class B Common Stock into Class A Common Stock has occurred but has not theretofore been reflected on the books of the corporation, the corporation may request that the holder of such shares furnish affidavits or other evidence to the corporation as the corporation deems necessary to determine whether a conversion of shares of Class B Common Stock to Class A Common Stock has occurred, and if such holder does not within ten (10) days after the date of such request furnish sufficient evidence to the corporation (in the manner provided in the request) to enable the corporation to determine that no such conversion has occurred, any such shares of Class B Common Stock, to the extent not previously converted, shall be automatically converted into shares of Class A Common Stock and the same shall thereupon be registered on the books and records of the corporation. In connection with any action of stockholders taken at a meeting or by written consent (if action by written consent of stockholders is permitted at such time under this Restated Certificate of Incorporation), the stock ledger of the corporation shall be presumptive evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders or in connection with any such written consent and the class or classes or series of shares held by each such stockholder and the number of shares of each class or classes or series held by such stockholder.

3.9 Reservation of Stock . The corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the shares of Class B Common Stock, such number of shares of Class A Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock into shares of Class A Common Stock.

 

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3.10 Protective Provision . The corporation shall not, whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise, amend, alter, repeal or waive Sections 3 or 4 of this Article IV (or adopt any provision inconsistent therewith), without first obtaining the affirmative vote (or written consent if action by written consent of stockholders is permitted at such time under this Restated Certificate of Incorporation) of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, voting as a separate class, in addition to any other vote required by applicable law, this Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws.

4. Definitions . For purposes of this Restated Certificate of Incorporation:

4.1 “ Change in Control Transaction ” means the occurrence of any of the following events:

(a) the sale, lease, exchange, encumbrance or other disposition (other than licenses that do not constitute an effective disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the corporation and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, and the grant of security interests in the ordinary course of business) by the corporation of all or substantially all of the corporation’s assets; or

(b) the merger or consolidation of the corporation with or into any other entity, other than a merger or consolidation that would result in the Class B Common Stock of the corporation outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity or its sole parent entity) more than fifty percent (50%) of the total voting power represented by the voting securities of the corporation or such surviving entity or its sole parent entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation.

4.2 “ Charitable Trust ” means a trust that is exempt from taxation under Section 501(c)(3) of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or any successor provision thereto) (whether a determination letter with respect to such exemption is issued before, at or after the Covered Security Date), and further includes any successor entity that is exempt from taxation under Section 501(c)(3) (or any successor provision thereto) upon a conversion of, or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of, a Charitable Trust to such successor entity (whether a determination letter with respect to such successor’s exemption is issued before, at or after the conversion date).

4.3 “ Covered Security Date ” means May 14, 2012

4.4 “ Family Member ” shall mean with respect to any natural person who is a Qualified Stockholder, the spouse, parents, grandparents, lineal descendents, siblings and lineal descendants of siblings of such Qualified Stockholder. Lineal descendants shall include adopted persons, but only so long as they are adopted during minority.

4.5 “ Qualified Stockholder ” shall mean (a) the registered holder of a share of Class B Common Stock as of the Covered Security Date; (b) the initial registered holder of any

 

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shares of Class B Common Stock that are originally issued by the corporation after the Covered Security Date pursuant to the exercise or conversion of options or warrants or settlement of restricted stock units (RSUs) that, in each case, are outstanding as of the Covered Security Date; (c) each natural person who Transferred shares of or equity awards for Class B Common Stock (including any option or warrant exercisable or convertible into or any RSU that can be settled in shares of Class B Common Stock) to a Permitted Entity that is or becomes a Qualified Stockholder pursuant to subclauses (a) or (b) of this Section 4.5; and (d) a Permitted Transferee.

4.6 “ Parent ” of an entity shall mean any entity that directly or indirectly owns or controls a majority of the voting power of the voting securities of such entity.

4.7 “ Permitted Entity ” shall mean with respect to a Qualified Stockholder (a) a Permitted Trust solely for the benefit of (i) such Qualified Stockholder, (ii) one or more Family Members of such Qualified Stockholder, (iii) any other Permitted Entity of such Qualified Stockholder and/or (iv) any entity that is described in Sections 501(c)(3), 170(b)(1)(A), 170(c), 2055(a) or 2522(a) of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or any successor provision thereto), (b) any general partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, corporation or other entity exclusively owned by (i) such Qualified Stockholder, (ii) one or more Family Members of such Qualified Stockholder and/or (iii) any other Permitted Entity of such Qualified Stockholder, (c) any Charitable Trust created by a Qualified Stockholder, which Charitable Trust was (x) validly created and (y) a registered holder of shares of capital stock of the corporation, in each case prior to the Covered Security Date (whether or not it continuously holds such shares of capital stock or any other shares of capital stock of the corporation at all times before or after the Covered Security Date), (d) the personal representative of the estate of a Qualified Stockholder upon the death of such Qualified Stockholder solely to the extent the executor is acting in the capacity as personal representative of such estate, (e) a revocable living trust, which revocable living trust is itself both a Permitted Trust and a Qualified Stockholder, during the lifetime of the natural person grantor of such trust, or (f) a revocable living trust, which revocable living trust is itself both a Permitted Trust and a Qualified Stockholder, following the death of the natural person grantor of such trust, solely to the extent that such shares are held in such trust pending distribution to the beneficiaries designated in such trust. Except as explicitly provided for herein, a Permitted Entity of a Qualified Stockholder shall not cease to be a Permitted Entity of that Qualified Stockholder solely by reason of the death of that Qualified Stockholder.

4.8 “ Permitted Transfer ” shall mean, and be restricted to, any Transfer of a share of Class B Common Stock:

(a) by a Qualified Stockholder (or the estate of a deceased Qualified Stockholder) to (i) one or more Family Members of such Qualified Stockholder, or (ii) any Permitted Entity of such Qualified Stockholder; or (iii) to such Qualified Stockholder’s revocable living trust, which revocable living trust is itself both a Permitted Trust and a Qualified Stockholder;

(b) by a Permitted Entity of a Qualified Stockholder to (i) such Qualified Stockholder or one or more Family Members of such Qualified Stockholder, or (ii) any other Permitted Entity of such Qualified Stockholder; or

 

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(c) by a Qualified Stockholder that is a natural person or revocable living trust to an entity that is exempt from taxation under Section 501(c)(3) of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or any successor provision thereto) (a “ 501(c)(3) Organization ”) or an entity that is exempt from taxation under Section 501(c)(3) and described in Section 509(a)(3) of United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or any successor provision thereto) (a “ Supporting Organization ”), as well as any Transfer by a 501(c)(3) Organization to a Supporting Organization of which such 501(c)(3) Organization (x) is a supported organization (within the meaning of Section 509(f)(3) of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or any successor provision thereto)), and (y) has the power to appoint a majority of the board of directors, provided that such 501(c)(3) Organization or such Supporting Organization irrevocably elects, no later than the time such share of Class B Common Stock is Transferred to it, that such share of Class B Common Stock shall automatically be converted into Class A Common Stock upon the death of such Qualified Stockholder or the natural person grantor of such Qualified Stockholder.

4.9 “ Permitted Transferee ” shall mean a transferee of shares of Class B Common Stock received in a Transfer that constitutes a Permitted Transfer.

4.10 “ Permitted Trust ” shall mean a bona fide trust where each trustee is (a) a Qualified Stockholder, (b) a Family Member of a Qualified Stockholder, (c) a professional in the business of providing trustee services, including private professional fiduciaries, trust companies and bank trust departments, or (d) solely in the case of any such trust established by a natural person grantor prior to the Covered Security Date, any other bona fide trustee.

4.11 “ Transfer ” of a share of Class B Common Stock shall mean, directly or indirectly, any sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance, hypothecation or other transfer or disposition of such share or any legal or beneficial interest in such share, whether or not for value and whether voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law (including by merger, consolidation or otherwise), including, without limitation, a transfer of a share of Class B Common Stock to a broker or other nominee (regardless of whether there is a corresponding change in beneficial ownership), or the transfer of, or entering into a binding agreement with respect to, Voting Control (as defined below) over such share by proxy or otherwise. A “ Transfer ” shall also be deemed to have occurred with respect to a share of Class B Common Stock beneficially held by (i) an entity that is a Permitted Entity, if there occurs any act or circumstance that causes such entity to no longer be a Permitted Entity or (ii) an entity that is a Qualified Stockholder, if there occurs a Transfer on a cumulative basis, from and after the Covered Security Date, of a majority of the voting power of the voting securities of such entity or any direct or indirect Parent of such entity, other than a Transfer to parties that are, as of the Covered Security Date, holders of voting securities of any such entity or Parent of such entity. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following shall not be considered a “ Transfer ” within the meaning of this ARTICLE IV:

(a) the granting of a revocable proxy to officers or directors of the corporation at the request of the Board of Directors in connection with actions to be taken at an annual or special meeting of stockholders or in connection with any action by written consent of the stockholders solicited by the Board of Directors (if action by written consent of stockholders is permitted at such time under this Restated Certificate of Incorporation);

 

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(b) entering into a voting trust, agreement or arrangement (with or without granting a proxy) solely with stockholders who are holders of Class B Common Stock, which voting trust, agreement or arrangement (i) is disclosed either in a Schedule 13D filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission or in writing to the Secretary of the corporation, (ii) either has a term not exceeding one (1) year or is terminable by the holder of the shares subject thereto at any time and (iii) does not involve any payment of cash, securities, property or other consideration to the holder of the shares subject thereto other than the mutual promise to vote shares in a designated manner;

(c) the pledge of shares of Class B Common Stock by a stockholder that creates a mere security interest in such shares pursuant to a bona fide loan or indebtedness transaction for so long as such stockholder continues to exercise Voting Control over such pledged shares; provided , however , that a foreclosure on such shares or other similar action by the pledgee shall constitute a “Transfer” unless such foreclosure or similar action qualifies as a “Permitted Transfer” at such time; or

(d) any change in the trustees or the person(s) and/or entity(ies) having or exercising Voting Control over shares of Class B Common Stock (i) of a Charitable Trust that qualifies as a Permitted Entity pursuant to ARTICLE IV, Section 4.7 above, or (ii) of a Permitted Entity provided that following such change such Permitted Entity continues to be a Permitted Entity pursuant to ARTICLE IV, Section 4.7 above.

4.12 “ Voting Control ” shall mean, with respect to a share of Class B Common Stock, the power (whether exclusive or shared) to vote or direct the voting of such share by proxy, voting agreement or otherwise.

4.13 “ Voting Threshold Date ” shall mean 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) on the first day falling on or after the date on which the outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock represent less than a majority of the total voting power of the then outstanding shares of the corporation then entitled to vote generally in the election of directors.

ARTICLE V: AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS

The Board of Directors of the corporation shall have the power to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the corporation. Any adoption, amendment or repeal of the Bylaws of the corporation by the Board of Directors shall require the approval of a majority of the Whole Board. For purposes of this Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the term “ Whole Board ” shall mean the total number of authorized directors whether or not there exist any vacancies in previously authorized directorships. The stockholders shall also have power to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the corporation. Prior to the Voting Threshold Date, in addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of stock of the corporation required by applicable law or by this Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any Preferred Stock issued pursuant to a Certificate of Designation), such adoption, amendment or repeal of the Bylaws of the corporation by the stockholders shall require the affirmative vote of a majority in voting power of all of the then outstanding shares of capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class. From and after the Voting Threshold Date, in addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of stock of the corporation required by applicable law or by this Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any

 

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Preferred Stock issued pursuant to a Certificate of Designation), such adoption, amendment or repeal of the Bylaws of the corporation by the stockholders shall require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class.

ARTICLE VI: MATTERS RELATING TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

1. Director Powers . The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors. In addition to the powers and authority expressly conferred upon them by statute or by this Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws of the corporation, the directors are hereby empowered to exercise all such powers and do all such acts and things as may be exercised or done by the corporation.

2. Number of Directors . Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under specified circumstances, the number of directors shall be fixed from time to time exclusively by resolution adopted by a majority of the Whole Board.

3. Classified Board . Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under specified circumstances, immediately following the Voting Threshold Date, the directors shall be divided, with respect to the time for which they severally hold office, into three classes designated as Class I, Class II and Class III, respectively (the “ Classified Board ”). The Board of Directors may assign members of the Board of Directors in office immediately prior to the Classified Board becoming effective to the several classes of the Classified Board, which assignments shall become effective at the same time the Classified Board becomes effective. Directors shall be assigned to each class in accordance with a resolution or resolutions adopted by a majority of the Board of Directors, with the number of directors in each class to be divided as nearly equal as reasonably possible. The initial term of office of the Class I directors shall expire at the corporation’s first annual meeting of stockholders following the date on which the Classified Board becomes effective, the initial term of office of the Class II directors shall expire at the corporation’s second annual meeting of stockholders following the date on which the Classified Board becomes effective, and the initial term of office of the Class III directors shall expire at the corporation’s third annual meeting of stockholders following the date on which the Classified Board becomes effective. At each annual meeting of stockholders following the date on which the Classified Board becomes effective, directors elected to succeed those directors of the class whose terms then expire shall be elected for a term of office to expire at the third succeeding annual meeting of stockholders after their election.

4. Term and Removal . Each director shall hold office until such director’s successor is elected and qualified, or until such director’s earlier death, resignation or removal. Any director may resign at any time upon notice to the corporation given in writing or by any electronic transmission permitted in the corporation’s Bylaws or in accordance with applicable law. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock with respect to directors elected thereby, from and after the effectiveness of the Classified Board, no director may be removed except for cause and only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the voting power of the then-outstanding shares of capital stock of the corporation then entitled to vote at an election of directors voting together as a single class. No decrease in the number of directors constituting the Whole Board shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.

 

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5. Board Vacancies . Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect directors under specified circumstances, from and after the effectiveness of the Classified Board, any vacancy occurring in the Board of Directors for any cause, and any newly created directorship resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors, shall (unless (a) the Board of Directors determines by resolution that any such vacancy or newly created directorship shall be filled by the stockholders or (b) otherwise required by applicable law) be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and not by the stockholders. Any director elected in accordance with the preceding sentence shall hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders at which the term of office of the class to which the director has been elected expires or until such director’s successor shall have been duly elected and qualified.

6. Vote by Ballot . Election of directors need not be by written ballot.

ARTICLE VII: DIRECTOR LIABILITY; INDEMNIFICATION

1. Limitation of Liability . To the fullest extent permitted by law, no director of the corporation shall be personally liable to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. Without limiting the effect of the preceding sentence, if the General Corporation Law is hereafter amended to authorize the further elimination or limitation of the liability of a director, then the liability of a director of the corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law, as so amended.

2. Indemnification . The corporation shall indemnify to the fullest extent permitted by law any person made or threatened to be made a party to an action or proceeding, whether criminal, civil, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he, his testator or intestate is or was a director or officer of the corporation or any predecessor of the Corporation, or serves or served at any other enterprise as a director or officer at the request of the corporation or any predecessor to the corporation.

3. Change in Rights . Neither any amendment nor repeal of this ARTICLE VII, nor the adoption of any provision of this Restated Certificate of Incorporation inconsistent with this ARTICLE VII, shall eliminate or reduce the effect of this Article VII in respect of any matter occurring, or any action or proceeding accruing or arising or that, but for this Article VII, would accrue or arise, prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption of an inconsistent provision.

ARTICLE VIII: MATTERS RELATING TO STOCKHOLDERS

1. No Action by Written Consent of Stockholders . Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock with respect to actions by the holders of shares of such series, from and after the Voting Threshold Date, (a) no action shall be taken by the stockholders of the corporation except at a duly called annual or special meeting of stockholders and (b) no action shall be taken by the stockholders of the corporation by written consent.

 

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2. Special Meeting of Stockholders . Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock with respect to actions by the holders of shares of such series, special meetings of the stockholders of the corporation may be called only by the Board of Directors acting pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the Whole Board, the Chief Executive Officer, President or the Chairperson of the Board, and may not be called by any other person or persons. Business transacted at special meetings of stockholders shall be confined to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice of meeting.

3. Advance Notice of Stockholder Nominations . Advance notice of stockholder nominations for the election of directors of the corporation and of business to be brought by stockholders before any meeting of stockholders of the corporation shall be given in the manner provided in the Bylaws of the corporation.

4. Business Combinations . The corporation elects not to be governed by Section 203 of the General Corporation Law.

ARTICLE IX: CHOICE OF FORUM

Unless the corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the corporation, (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by, or other wrongdoing by, any director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation to the corporation or the corporation’s stockholders, (3) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the General Corporation Law or the corporation’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, (4) any action to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of the corporation’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws or (5) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, in each such case subject to said Court of Chancery having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants therein. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of the corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this ARTICLE IX.

ARTICLE X: AMENDMENT OF RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

The corporation reserves the right to amend or repeal any provision contained in this Restated Certificate of Incorporation in the manner prescribed by the laws of the State of Delaware and all rights conferred upon stockholders are granted subject to this reservation; provided, however , that, notwithstanding any other provision of this Restated Certificate of Incorporation or any provision of applicable law that might otherwise permit a lesser vote or no vote, but in addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of the capital stock of this corporation required by applicable law or by this Restated Certificate of Incorporation, from and after the Voting Threshold Date, any amendment to or repeal of this ARTICLE X or ARTICLE V, ARTICLE VI, ARTICLE VII, ARTICLE VIII or ARTICLE IX of this Restated Certificate of Incorporation (or the adoption of any provision inconsistent therewith) shall require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class.

* * * * * * * * * * *

 

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EXHIBIT 3.2

 

 

 

FACEBOOK, INC.

a Delaware corporation

AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

As Adopted April 21, 2012

 

 

 


FACEBOOK, INC.

a Delaware corporation

AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  
ARTICLE I : STOCKHOLDERS      1   
            Section 1.1:   Annual Meetings      1   
            Section 1.2:   Special Meetings      1   
            Section 1.3:   Notice of Meetings      1   
            Section 1.4:   Adjournments      1   
            Section 1.5:   Quorum      2   
            Section 1.6:   Organization; Conduct of Meetings      2   
            Section 1.7:   Voting; Proxies      3   
            Section 1.8:   Fixing Date for Determination of Stockholders of Record      3   
            Section 1.9:   List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote      4   
            Section 1.10:   Action by Written Consent of Stockholders      4   
            Section 1.11:   Inspectors of Elections      5   
            Section 1.12:   Notice of Stockholder Business; Nominations      6   
ARTICLE II : BOARD OF DIRECTORS      10   
            Section 2.1:   Number; Qualifications      10   
            Section 2.2:   Election; Resignation; Vacancies      10   
            Section 2.3:   Regular Meetings      10   
            Section 2.4:   Special Meetings      11   
            Section 2.5:   Remote Meetings Permitted      11   
            Section 2.6:   Quorum; Vote Required for Action      11   
            Section 2.7:   Organization      11   
            Section 2.8:   Action by Unanimous Consent of Directors      11   
            Section 2.9:   Fees and Compensation of Directors      11   
            Section 2.10:   Chairperson of the Board      12   
ARTICLE III : COMMITTEES      12   
            Section 3.1:   Committees      12   
            Section 3.2:   Committee Minutes; Committee Rules      12   
ARTICLE IV : OFFICERS      12   
            Section 4.1:   Generally      12   
            Section 4.2:   Chief Executive Officer      13   
            Section 4.3:   President      13   

 

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            Section 4.4:   Chief Operating Officer      13   
            Section 4.5:   Vice President      14   
            Section 4.6:   Chief Financial Officer      14   
            Section 4.7:   Treasurer      14   
            Section 4.8:   Secretary      14   
            Section 4.9:   Delegation of Authority      14   
            Section 4.10:   Removal      14   
            Section 4.11:   Representation of Shares of Other Corporations      14   
ARTICLE V : STOCK      15   
            Section 5.1:   Certificates      15   
            Section 5.2:   Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Stock Certificates; Issuance of New Certificates or Uncertificated Shares      15   
            Section 5.3:   Other Regulations      15   
ARTICLE VI : INDEMNIFICATION      15   
            Section 6.1:   Indemnification of Officers and Directors      15   
            Section 6.2:   Advance of Expenses      16   
            Section 6.3:   Non-Exclusivity of Rights      16   
            Section 6.4:   Indemnification Agreements      16   
            Section 6.5:   Claims      16   
            Section 6.6:   Nature of Rights      17   
            Section 6.7:   Insurance      17   
ARTICLE VII : NOTICES      18   
            Section 7.1:   Notice      18   
            Section 7.2:   Waiver of Notice      18   
ARTICLE VIII : MISCELLANEOUS      19   
            Section 8.1:   Fiscal Year      19   
            Section 8.2:   Seal      19   
            Section 8.3:   Form of Records      19   
            Section 8.4:   Severability      19   
ARTICLE IX : MARKET STANDOFF RESTRICTION      19   
ARTICLE X : AMENDMENT      20   

 

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FACEBOOK, INC.

a Delaware corporation

AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

As Adopted April 21, 2012

ARTICLE I: STOCKHOLDERS

Section 1.1: Annual Meetings . If required by applicable law, an annual meeting of stockholders shall be held for the election of directors at such date and time as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “ Board ”). The meeting may be held either at a place, within or without the State of Delaware, or by means of remote communication as the Board in its sole discretion may determine. Any other proper business may be transacted at the annual meeting.

Section 1.2: Special Meetings . Unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation (the “ Certificate of Incorporation ”), special meetings of stockholders for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the Chairperson of the Board, the President, the Chief Executive Officer, or by a majority of the total number of authorized directors, whether or not there exist any vacancies in previously authorized directorships (the “ Whole Board ) , and may not be called by any other person or persons. Any special meeting may be held either at a place, within or without the State of Delaware, or by means of remote communication as the Board in its sole discretion may determine.

Section 1.3: Notice of Meetings . Notice of all meetings of stockholders shall be given in writing or by electronic transmission in the manner provided by applicable law (including, without limitation, as set forth in Section 7.1.1 of these Bylaws) stating the place, if any, date and time of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed present in person and vote at such meeting, the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, if such date is different from the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Unless otherwise required by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation, such notice shall be given not less than ten (10), nor more than sixty (60), days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting as of the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting.

Section 1.4: Adjournments . Any meeting of stockholders, annual or special, may adjourn from time to time, and notice need not be given of any such adjourned meeting if the time, date and place (if any) thereof and the means of remote communications (if any) by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken; provided , however , that if the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting; provided , further , that if after the adjournment a new record date for stockholders entitled to vote

 

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is fixed for the adjourned meeting, the Board shall fix a new record date for notice of such adjourned meeting (which record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting shall be the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting), and shall give notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholder of record as of the record date so fixed for notice of such adjourned meeting. At the adjourned meeting the Corporation may transact any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Board may postpone, reschedule or cancel any previously scheduled annual or special meeting of stockholders.

Section 1.5: Quorum . Except as otherwise provided by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, at each meeting of stockholders the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares of stock entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of stockholders, the chairperson of the meeting may adjourn the meeting without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until such quorum shall be present or represented by proxy. Shares of the Corporation’s stock belonging to the Corporation (or to another corporation, if a majority of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors of such other corporation are held, directly or indirectly, by the Corporation), shall neither be entitled to vote nor counted for quorum purposes; provided , however , that the foregoing shall not limit the right of the Corporation or any other corporation to vote any shares of the Corporation’s stock held by it in a fiduciary capacity and to count such shares for purposes of determining a quorum.

Section 1.6: Organization; Conduct of Meetings . Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by such person as the Board may designate or, in the absence of such a person, the Chairperson of the Board, or, in the absence of such person, the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation, or, in the absence of such person, the President of the Corporation, or, in the absence of such person, such person as may be chosen by the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares entitled to vote who are present, in person or by proxy, at the meeting. Such person shall be chairperson of the meeting. The Board may adopt by resolution such rules and regulations for the conduct of the meeting of stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board, the chairperson of the meeting shall have the right and authority to convene and, for any or no reason, to recess and/or to adjourn the meeting, to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as in his or her judgment are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board or prescribed by the chairperson, may include, without limitation, the following: (i) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (ii) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (iii) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the chairperson of the meeting shall determine; (iv) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; and (v) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants. The chairperson of the meeting, in addition to making any other determinations that may be appropriate to the conduct of the meeting, shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a matter or business was not properly brought before the meeting and, if such chairperson should

 

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so determine, such chairperson shall so declare to the meeting and any such matter or business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted or considered. The Secretary of the Corporation shall act as secretary of the meeting, but in such person’s absence the chairperson of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

Section 1.7: Voting; Proxies . Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders, or to take corporate action by written consent without a meeting, may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy. Such a proxy may be prepared, transmitted and delivered in any manner permitted by applicable law. Except as otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors. Except as otherwise provided by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, or any other applicable rules or regulations, including the applicable rules or regulations of any stock exchange, every matter other than the election of directors shall be decided by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes properly cast for or against such matter, and, for the avoidance of doubt, neither abstentions nor broker non-votes shall be counted as votes cast for or against such matter.

Section 1.8: Fixing Date for Determination of Stockholders of Record .

1.8.1 Meetings . In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board and which record date shall not be more than sixty (60), nor less than ten (10), days before the date of such meeting. If the Board so fixes such record date for notice of such meeting, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the Board determines, at the time it fixes such record date for notice of such meeting, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination. If no record date is fixed by the Board, then the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided , however , that the Board may fix a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, and, in such case, shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote in accordance herewith at the adjourned meeting.

1.8.2 Stockholder Action by Written Consent . In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board, and which date shall not be more than ten (10) days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board. If no record date has been fixed by the Board pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 1.8.2, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board is required by applicable law,

 

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shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in Delaware, its principal place of business, or to any officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. If no record date has been fixed by the Board pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 1.8.2, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting if prior action by the Board is required by applicable law shall be at the close of business on the date on which the Board adopts the resolution taking such prior action.

1.8.3 Other Matters . In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall not be more than sixty (60) days prior to such action. If no such record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board adopts the resolution relating thereto.

Section 1.9: List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote . The officer of the Corporation who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before the date of every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting; provided , however , if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than ten (10) days before the meeting date, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth (10th) day before the meeting date, arranged in alphabetical order and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting, (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network (provided that the information required to gain access to the list is provided with the notice of the meeting), or (ii) during ordinary business hours at the principal place of business of the Corporation. If the meeting is to be held at a place, the list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present at the meeting. If the meeting is held solely by means of remote communication, then the list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access the list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting.

Section 1.10: Action by Written Consent of Stockholders .

1.10.1 General . Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation, any action required or permitted to be taken at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and shall be delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the

 

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book in which minutes of proceedings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall, to the extent required by law, be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing and who, if the action had been taken at a meeting, would have been entitled to notice of the meeting if the record date for notice of such meeting had been the date that written consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take the action were delivered to the Corporation.

1.10.2 Procedures . Every written consent shall bear the date of signature of each stockholder who signs the consent and no written consent shall be effective to take the corporate action referred to therein unless, within sixty (60) days after the earliest dated written consent received in accordance with this Section 1.10, a valid written consent or valid written consents signed by a sufficient number of stockholders to take such action are delivered to the Corporation in the manner prescribed in this Section 1.10 and applicable law, and not revoked.

Section 1.11: Inspectors of Elections .

1.11.1 Applicability . Unless otherwise required by the Certificate of Incorporation or by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “ DGCL ”), the following provisions of this Section 1.11 shall apply only if and when the Corporation has a class of voting stock that is: (a) listed on a national securities exchange; (b) authorized for quotation on an interdealer quotation system of a registered national securities association; or (c) held of record by more than two thousand (2,000) stockholders. In all other cases, observance of the provisions of this Section 1.11 shall be optional, and at the discretion of the Board.

1.11.2 Appointment . The Corporation shall, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more inspectors of election to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof. The Corporation may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the chairperson of the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting.

1.11.3 Inspector’s Oath . Each inspector of election, before entering upon the discharge of his duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of such inspector’s ability.

1.11.4 Duties of Inspectors . At a meeting of stockholders, the inspectors of election shall (a) ascertain the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each share, (b) determine the shares represented at a meeting and the validity of proxies and ballots, (c) count all votes and ballots, (d) determine and retain for a reasonable period of time a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors, and (e) certify their determination of the number of shares represented at the meeting, and their count of all votes and ballots. The inspectors may appoint or retain other persons or entities to assist the inspectors in the performance of the duties of the inspectors.

1.11.5 Opening and Closing of Polls . The date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting shall be

 

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announced by the chairperson of the meeting at the meeting. No ballot, proxies or votes, nor any revocations thereof or changes thereto, shall be accepted by the inspectors after the closing of the polls unless the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware upon application by a stockholder shall determine otherwise.

1.11.6 Determinations . In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots, the inspectors shall be limited to an examination of the proxies, any envelopes submitted with those proxies, any information provided in accordance with Section 211(e) or Section 212(c)(2) of the DGCL, or any information provided pursuant to Section 211(a)(2)b.(i) or (iii) of the DGCL, ballots and the regular books and records of the Corporation, except that the inspectors may consider other reliable information for the limited purpose of reconciling proxies and ballots submitted by or on behalf of banks, brokers, their nominees or similar persons which represent more votes than the holder of a proxy is authorized by the record owner to cast or more votes than the stockholder holds of record. If the inspectors consider other reliable information for the limited purpose permitted under the DGCL and set forth herein, the inspectors at the time they make their certification of their determinations pursuant to the relevant provisions of the DGCL set forth herein shall specify the precise information considered by them, including the person or persons from whom they obtained the information, when the information was obtained, the means by which the information was obtained and the basis for the inspectors’ belief that such information is accurate and reliable.

Section 1.12: Notice of Stockholder Business; Nominations .

1.12.1 Annual Meeting of Stockholders .

(a) Nominations of persons for election to the Board and the proposal of other business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders (i) pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of such meeting (or any supplement thereto), (ii) by or at the direction of the Board or any committee thereof or (iii) by any stockholder of the Corporation who was a stockholder of record at the time of giving of the notice provided for in this Section 1.12, who is entitled to vote at such meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 1.12.

(b) For nominations or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to Section 1.12.1(a):

(i) the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation;

(ii) any such proposed business (other than the nomination of persons for election to the Board) must constitute a proper matter for stockholder action;

(iii) if the stockholder, or the beneficial owner on whose behalf any such proposal or nomination is made, has provided the Corporation with a Solicitation Notice, as that term is defined in this Section, such stockholder or beneficial owner must, in the case of a proposal other than the nomination of persons for election to the Board, have delivered a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation’s voting shares required under applicable law to carry any such proposal, or, in the case of a

 

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nomination or nominations, have delivered a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of a percentage of the Corporation’s voting shares reasonably believed by such stockholder or beneficial holder to be sufficient to elect the nominee or nominees proposed to be nominated by such stockholder, and must, in either case, have included in such materials the Solicitation Notice; and

(iv) if no Solicitation Notice relating thereto has been timely provided pursuant to this Section, the stockholder or beneficial owner proposing such business or nomination must not have solicited a number of proxies sufficient to have required the delivery of such a Solicitation Notice under this Section.

To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the ninetieth (90th) day nor earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting (which anniversary date, in the case of the first annual meeting following the closing of the Corporation’s initial public offering, shall be deemed to be May 1, 2013); provided , however , that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than thirty (30) days before or more than seventy (70) days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered (A) no earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such annual meeting and (B) no later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such annual meeting or the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which Public Announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall the Public Announcement of an adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above. Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth:

(x) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director, (i) all information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of directors, or would be otherwise required, in each case pursuant to and in accordance with Section 14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and (ii) such person’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected;

(y) as to any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend the Bylaws, the language of the proposed amendment), the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such stockholder and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made;

(z) as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made, (i) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, and of such beneficial owner, (ii) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation that are owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner,

 

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and (iii) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding with respect to the nomination or proposal between or among such stockholder and/or such beneficial owner, any of their respective affiliates or associates, and any others acting in concert with any of the foregoing, including, in the case of a nomination, the nominee, (iv) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any derivative or short positions, profit interests, options, warrants, convertible securities, stock appreciation or similar rights, hedging transactions, and borrowed or loaned shares) that has been entered into as of the date of the stockholder’s notice by, or on behalf of, such stockholder and any such beneficial owner, whether or not such instrument or right shall be subject to settlement in underlying shares of capital stock of the Corporation, the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, manage risk or benefit of share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of, such stockholder or such beneficial owner, with respect to securities of the Corporation, (v) a representation that the stockholder is a holder of record of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to propose such business or nomination, (vi) a representation whether such stockholder or beneficial owner intends (or is part of a group that intends) to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of, in the case of a proposal, at least the percentage of the Corporation’s voting shares required under applicable law to carry the proposal or, in the case of a nomination or nominations, a sufficient number of holders of the Corporation’s voting shares to elect such nominee or nominees (an affirmative statement of such intent being a “ Solicitation Notice ”), and (vii) any other information relating to such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for, as applicable, the proposal and/or for the election of directors in an election contest pursuant to and in accordance with Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

The foregoing notice requirements of this Section 1.12.1(b) shall be deemed satisfied by a stockholder with respect to business other than a nomination if the stockholder has notified the Corporation of his, her or its intention to present a proposal at an annual meeting in compliance with applicable rules and regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act and such stockholder’s proposal has been included in a proxy statement that has been prepared by the Corporation to solicit proxies for such annual meeting. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as the Corporation may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation.

(c) Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of Section 1.12.1(b) to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board is increased effective after the time period for which nominations would otherwise be due under Section 1.12.1(b) and there is no Public Announcement by the Corporation naming the nominees for the additional directorships at least one hundred (100) days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 1.12 shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for the additional directorships, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation at the principal executive office of the Corporation no later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which such Public Announcement is first made by the Corporation.

 

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1.12.2 Special Meetings of Stockholders . Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of such meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the Board may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of such meeting (a) by or at the direction of the Board or any committee thereof or (b) provided that the Board has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice of the special meeting, who shall be entitled to vote at the meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 1.12. In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board, any such stockholder entitled to vote in the election of such directors may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be) for election to such position(s) as specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting, if the stockholder’s notice required by Section 1.12.1(b) is delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation at the principal executive offices of the Corporation (i) no earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such special meeting and (ii) no later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such special meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which Public Announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board to be elected at such meeting. In no event shall the Public Announcement of an adjournment or postponement of a special meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.

1.12.3 General .

(a) Only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.12 shall be eligible to be elected at a meeting of stockholders and to serve as directors and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.12. Except as otherwise provided by law, the chairperson of the meeting shall have the power and duty to determine whether a nomination or any other business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.12 (including whether the stockholder or beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made or solicited (or is part of a group that solicited) or did not so solicit, as the case may be, proxies or votes in support of such stockholder’s nominee or proposal in compliance with such stockholder’s representation as required by Section 1.12.1(b)(z)(vi) and, if any proposed nomination or business was not made or proposed in compliance with this Section 1.12, to declare that such nomination shall be disregarded or that such proposed business shall not be transacted. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.12, unless otherwise required by law, if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to present a nomination or proposed business, such nomination shall be disregarded and such proposed business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation. For purposes of this Section 1.12.3, to be considered a qualified representative of the stockholder, a person must be a duly authorized officer, manager or partner of such stockholder or must be authorized by a writing executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such writing or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the writing or electronic transmission, at the meeting of stockholders.

 

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(b) For purposes of this Section 1.12, the term “ Public Announcement ” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.12, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth herein; provided however, that any references in these Bylaws to the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit any requirements applicable to nominations or proposals as to any other business to be considered pursuant to this Section 1.12, and compliance with the requirements under this Section 1.12 shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations or submit other business (other than, as provided in the penultimate sentence of Section 1.12.1(b), business other than nominations brought properly under and in compliance with Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act, as may be amended from time to time). Nothing in this Section 1.12 shall be deemed to affect any rights of (a) stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act or (b) the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect directors elected by one or more series of Preferred Stock pursuant to any applicable provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation.

ARTICLE II: BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Section 2.1: Number; Qualifications . The number of directors constituting the Whole Board shall be the number fixed by, or determined in the manner provided in, the Certificate of Incorporation. No decrease in the authorized number of directors constituting the Whole Board shall shorten the term of any incumbent director. Directors need not be stockholders of the Corporation.

Section 2.2: Election; Resignation; Vacancies . Directors shall be elected for such terms and in the manner provided by the Certificate of Incorporation and applicable law. Each director shall hold office until such director’s successor is duly elected and qualified, or until such director’s earlier death, resignation or removal. Any director may resign at any time upon written notice to the Corporation. Except as otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation or by applicable law, any vacancy in the Board resulting from the death, resignation, removal or disqualification of any director or for any other reason, and any newly created directorship resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors to be elected by all stockholders entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, may be filled by the stockholders, by a majority of the directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director.

Section 2.3: Regular Meetings . Regular meetings of the Board may be held at such place, within or without the State of Delaware, and at such times as the Board may from time to time determine. Notice of regular meetings need not be given if the date, times and places thereof are fixed by resolution of the Board.

 

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Section 2.4: Special Meetings . Special meetings of the Board may be called by the Chairperson of the Board, the President or a majority of the members of the Board then in office and may be held at any time, date or place, within or without the State of Delaware, as the person or persons calling the meeting shall fix. Notice of the time, date and place of such meeting shall be given orally (in person, by telephone or otherwise), in writing or by electronic transmission (including electronic mail), by the person or persons calling the meeting to all directors at least four (4) days before the meeting (if the notice is mailed) or at least twenty-four (24) hours before the meeting (if such notice is given orally, in person, by telephone or otherwise, or by hand delivery, facsimile, or other means of electronic transmission, including electronic mail). Unless otherwise indicated in the notice, any and all business may be transacted at a special meeting.

Section 2.5: Remote Meetings Permitted . Members of the Board, or any committee of the Board, may participate in a meeting of the Board or such committee by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to conference telephone or other communications equipment shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

Section 2.6: Quorum; Vote Required for Action . Subject to Section 2.2 above, a majority of the Whole Board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board. If a quorum shall fail to attend any meeting, a majority of those present may adjourn the meeting to another place, date or time without further notice thereof. Except as otherwise provided herein or in the Certificate of Incorporation, or required by law, the vote of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board.

Section 2.7: Organization . Meetings of the Board shall be presided over by the Chairperson of the Board or, in such person’s absence, by the Chief Executive Officer or, in such person’s absence, by the President or, in such person’s absence, by a chairperson chosen by the Board at the meeting. The Secretary shall act as secretary of the meeting, but in such person’s absence the chairperson of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

Section 2.8: Action by Unanimous Consent of Directors . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee, respectively, in the minute books of the Corporation. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.

Section 2.9: Fees and Compensation of Directors . Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the Board shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors, including without limitation compensation for services as members of committees of the Board. No such compensation shall preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.

 

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Section 2.10: Chairperson of the Board . The Corporation may also have, at the discretion of the Board, a Chairperson of the Board who shall be elected from among its ranks and who shall have the power to preside at all meetings of the Board and have such other powers and duties as provided in these Bylaws and as the Board may from time to time prescribe. The Chairperson of the Board, as such, shall not be deemed to be an officer of the Corporation.

ARTICLE III: COMMITTEES

Section 3.1: Committees . The Board may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of the committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting of such committee who are not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board to act at the meeting in place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in a resolution of the Board, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to the following matters: (a) approving, adopting, or recommending to the stockholders any action or matter (other than the election or removal of members of the Board) expressly required by the DGCL to be submitted to stockholders for approval or (b) adopting, amending or repealing any bylaw of the Corporation.

Section 3.2: Committee Minutes; Committee Rules . Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and, except as otherwise provided in the resolutions of the Board establishing such committee, shall report the same to the Board as requested by the Board or as otherwise required. Unless the Board otherwise provides, each committee designated by the Board may make, alter and repeal rules for the conduct of its business. In the absence of such rules each committee shall conduct its business in the same manner as the Board conducts its business pursuant to Article II of these Bylaws.

ARTICLE IV: OFFICERS

Section 4.1: Generally . The officers of the Corporation shall consist of a Chief Executive Officer, a President, a Secretary and a Treasurer and may consist of such other officers, including a Chief Financial Officer, and one or more Vice Presidents, as may from time to time be appointed by the Board (subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment). All officers shall be elected by the Board; provided , however , that the Board may empower the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation to appoint any officer other than the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer or the Treasurer. Each officer shall hold office until such person’s successor is appointed or until such person’s earlier resignation, death or removal. Any number of offices may be held by the same person. Any officer may resign at any time upon written notice to the Corporation. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation by death, resignation, removal or otherwise may be filled by the Board or, if the vacancy is of an office that the Chief Executive Officer has been empowered to appoint, the Chief Executive Officer.

 

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Section 4.2: Chief Executive Officer . Subject to the control of the Board and such supervisory powers, if any, as may be given by the Board, the powers and duties of the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation are:

(a) To act as the general manager and, subject to the control of the Board, to have general supervision, direction and control of the business and affairs of the Corporation;

(b) Subject to Article I, Section 1.6 of these Bylaws, to preside at all meetings of the stockholders;

(c) Subject to the Certificate of Incorporation and Article I, Section 1.2 of these Bylaws, to call special meetings of the stockholders to be held at such times and, subject to the limitations prescribed by law or by these Bylaws, at such places as he or she shall deem proper; and

(d) To affix the signature of the Corporation to all deeds, conveyances, mortgages, guarantees, leases, obligations, bonds, certificates and other papers and instruments in writing which have been authorized by the Board or which, in the judgment of the Chief Executive Officer, should be executed on behalf of the Corporation; and, subject to the direction of the Board, to have general charge of the property of the Corporation and to supervise and control all officers, agents and employees of the Corporation.

The person holding the office of President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation unless the Board shall have designated another person to be the Chief Executive Officer. If there is no President, and the Board has not designated any other person to be the Chief Executive Officer, then the Chairperson of the Board shall be the Chief Executive Officer until such time as a Chief Executive Officer or President shall have been appointed.

Section 4.3: President . The person holding the office of Chief Executive Officer shall be the President of the Corporation unless the Board shall have designated one person as the President and a different person as the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation. Subject to the provisions of these Bylaws and to the direction of the Board, and subject to the supervisory powers of the Chief Executive Officer (if the offices of Chief Executive Officer and President are not then held by the same person), the President shall have the responsibility for the general management and control of the business and affairs of the Corporation and the general supervision and direction of all of the officers, employees and agents of the Corporation (other than the Chief Executive Officer, if the offices of Chief Executive Officer and President are not then held by the same person) and shall perform all duties and have all powers that are commonly incident to the office of President, including the power to sign certificates representing shares of capital stock of the Corporation, or that are delegated to the President by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer (if such office is then held by a person other than the person holding the office of President).

Section 4.4: Chief Operating Officer . The Chief Operating Officer shall have all such powers and duties as are commonly incident to the office of Chief Operating Officer or that are delegated to him or her by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer. The

 

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Chief Operating Officer may be designated by the Board to perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Chief Executive Officer or President in the event of the Chief Executive Officer’s and President’s absence or disability.

Section 4.5: Vice President . Each Vice President shall have all such powers and duties as are commonly incident to the office of Vice President, including the power to sign certificates representing shares of capital stock of the Corporation, or that are delegated to him or her by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer. A Vice President may be designated by the Board to perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Chief Executive Officer or President in the event of the Chief Executive Officer’s and President’s absence or disability.

Section 4.6: Chief Financial Officer . The person holding the office of Chief Financial Officer shall be the Treasurer of the Corporation unless the Board shall have designated another officer as the Treasurer of the Corporation. Subject to the direction of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer shall perform all duties and have all powers that are commonly incident to the office of Chief Financial Officer.

Section 4.7: Treasurer . The Treasurer shall have custody of all moneys and securities of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall make such disbursements of the funds of the Corporation as are authorized and shall render from time to time an account of all such transactions. The Treasurer shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as are commonly incident to the office of Treasurer, including the power to sign certificates representing shares of capital stock of the Corporation, or as the Board or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time prescribe.

Section 4.8: Secretary . The Secretary shall issue or cause to be issued all authorized notices for, and shall keep, or cause to be kept, minutes of all meetings of the stockholders and the Board. The Secretary shall have charge of the corporate minute books and similar records and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as are commonly incident to the office of Secretary, including the power to sign certificates representing shares of capital stock of the Corporation, or as the Board or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time prescribe.

Section 4.9: Delegation of Authority . The Board may from time to time delegate the powers or duties of any officer of the Corporation to any other officers or agents of the Corporation, notwithstanding any provision hereof.

Section 4.10: Removal . Any officer of the Corporation shall serve at the pleasure of the Board and may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by the Board; provided that if the Board has empowered the Chief Executive Officer to appoint any officer of the Corporation, then any such officer may be removed by the Chief Executive Officer. Such removal shall be without prejudice to the contractual rights of such officer, if any, with the Corporation.

Section 4.11: Representation of Shares of Other Corporations . Except as otherwise provided by the Board, and subject to the direction and control thereof, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, any Vice President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, the Secretary or any assistant secretary of this

 

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Corporation, or any other person authorized by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Operating Officer or the President or a Vice President, is authorized to vote, represent, and exercise on behalf of this Corporation all rights incident to any and all shares of any other corporation or corporations standing in the name of this Corporation. The authority granted herein may be exercised either by such person directly or by any other person authorized to do so by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by the person having such authority.

ARTICLE V: STOCK

Section 5.1: Certificates . The shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates; provided , however , that the Board may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its capital stock may be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation. Every holder of stock represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by, the Chairperson or Vice-Chairperson of the Board, or the President or a Vice President, and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, of the Corporation, representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were an officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

Section 5.2: Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Stock Certificates; Issuance of New Certificates or Uncertificated Shares . The Corporation may issue a new certificate of stock, or uncertificated shares, in the place of any certificate previously issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed, and the Corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner’s legal representative, to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.

Section 5.3: Other Regulations . The issue, transfer, conversion and registration of stock certificates and uncertificated shares shall be governed by such other regulations as the Board may establish.

ARTICLE VI: INDEMNIFICATION

Section 6.1: Indemnification of Officers and Directors .  Each person who was or is made a party to, or is threatened to be made a party to, or is involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “ Proceeding ”), by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or, while serving as a director or officer of the Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans (for purposes of this Article VI, an “ Indemnitee ”), shall be indemnified and held

 

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harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, against all expenses, liability and loss (including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes and penalties and amounts paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such Indemnitee in connection therewith, provided such Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner that the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or Proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the Indemnitee’s conduct was unlawful. Such indemnification shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be a director or officer of the Corporation and shall inure to the benefit of such Indemnitees’ heirs, executors and administrators. Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as provided in Section 6.5, the Corporation shall not be obligated under this Article VI to indemnify any Indemnitee seeking indemnification in connection with a Proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such Indemnitee unless such Proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized in the first instance by the Board.

Section 6.2: Advance of Expenses .  The Corporation shall pay all expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by such an Indemnitee in defending any such Proceeding in advance of its final disposition; provided , however , that (a) the payment of such expenses incurred by such an Indemnitee in advance of the final disposition of such Proceeding shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf of such Indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article VI or otherwise; and (b) the Corporation shall not be required to advance any expenses to a person against whom the Corporation directly brings a claim alleging that such person has breached such person’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation, committed an act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, or derived an improper personal benefit from a transaction.

Section 6.3: Non-Exclusivity of Rights .  The rights conferred on any person in this Article VI shall not be exclusive of any other right that such person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaw, agreement, vote or consent of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise. Additionally, nothing in this Article VI shall limit the ability of the Corporation, in its discretion but subject to applicable law, to provide rights to indemnification or advancement of expenses to any person other than an Indemnified Person or to provide greater rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses than those provided in this Article VI to any Indemnified Person.

Section 6.4: Indemnification Agreements .  The Board is authorized to cause the Corporation to enter into agreements with any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or any person serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including employee benefit plans, providing indemnification or advancement rights to such person. Such rights may be greater than those provided in this Article VI.

Section 6.5: Claims .

6.5.1 Right to Bring Suit . If a claim for indemnification (following the final disposition of such proceeding) under Section 6.1 of this Article VI is not paid in full by the Corporation within sixty (60) days after a written claim has been received by the Corporation, or a claim for

 

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advancement of expenses is not paid in full within thirty (30) days after the Corporation has received a statement or statements therefor, the Indemnitee shall be entitled at any time thereafter (but not before) to bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim. If successful in whole or in part in any such suit, or in a suit brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the Indemnitee shall be entitled, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to be paid also the expense of prosecuting or defending such suit. In (a) any suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder (but not in a suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to an advancement of expenses) it shall be a defense that, and (b) in any suit brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the Corporation shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon a final adjudication that, the Indemnitee has not met any applicable standard of conduct for entitlement to indemnification under applicable law.

6.5.2 Effect of Determination . Neither the failure of the Corporation (whether by its directors who are not parties to such action, a committee of such directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such suit that indemnification of the Indemnitee is proper in the circumstances because the Indemnitee has met the standard of conduct for entitled to indemnification under applicable law, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (whether by its directors who are not parties to such action, a committee of such directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) that the Indemnitee has not met such standard of conduct, shall create a presumption that the Indemnitee has not met such standard of conduct or, in the case of such a suit brought by the Indemnitee, be a defense to such suit.

6.5.3 Burden of Proof . In any suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification or to an advancement of expenses hereunder, or brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking provided hereunder, the burden of proving that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified, or is required to repay any amounts advanced pursuant to the terms of such undertaking, under this Article VI shall be on the Corporation.

Section 6.6: Nature of Rights .  The rights conferred upon Indemnitees in this Article VI shall be contract rights and such rights shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be a director or officer of the Corporation and shall inure to the benefit of the Indemnitee’s heirs, executors and administrators. Any right to indemnification or to advancement of expenses arising under this Article VI shall not be eliminated or impaired by an amendment to these Bylaws after the occurrence of the act or omission that is the subject of the Proceeding for which indemnification or advancement of expenses is sought.

Section 6.7: Insurance . The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him or her and incurred by him or her in any such capacity, or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify him or her against such liability under the provisions of the DGCL.

 

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ARTICLE VII: NOTICES

Section 7.1: Notice .

7.1.1 Form and Delivery . Except as otherwise specifically required in these Bylaws (including, without limitation, Section 2.4 above or Section 7.1.2 below) or by applicable law, all notices required to be given pursuant to these Bylaws shall be in writing and may (a) in every instance in connection with any delivery to a member of the Board, be effectively given by hand delivery (including use of a delivery service), by depositing such notice in the mail, postage prepaid, or by sending such notice by prepaid overnight express courier, facsimile, electronic mail or other form of electronic transmission and (b) be effectively be delivered to a stockholder when given by hand delivery, by depositing such notice in the mail, postage prepaid or, if specifically consented to by the stockholder as described in Section 7.1.2 of this Article VII, by sending such notice by electronic transmission. Any such notice shall be addressed to the person to whom notice is to be given at such person’s address as it appears on the records of the Corporation. Except as otherwise provided by law, the notice shall be deemed given (a) in the case of hand delivery, when received by the person to whom notice is to be given or by any person accepting such notice on behalf of such person, (b) in the case of delivery by mail, upon deposit in the mail, postage prepaid, (c) in the case of delivery by overnight express courier, when dispatched, and (d) in the case of delivery via electronic mail or other form of electronic transmission, when dispatched.

7.1.2 Electronic Transmission . Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any notice to stockholders given by the Corporation under any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these Bylaws shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given in accordance with Section 232 of the DGCL. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the Corporation. Any such consent shall be deemed revoked if (a) the Corporation is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices given by the Corporation in accordance with such consent and (b) such inability becomes known to the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation or to the transfer agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice; provided , however , the inadvertent failure to treat such inability as a revocation shall not invalidate any meeting or other action. Notice given pursuant to this Section 7.1.2 shall be deemed given: (i) if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (ii) if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (iii) if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the stockholder of such specific posting, upon the later of such posting and the giving of such separate notice; and (iv) if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder.

7.1.3 Affidavit of Giving Notice . An affidavit of the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or of the transfer agent or other agent of the Corporation that the notice has been given in writing or by a form of electronic transmission shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.

Section 7.2: Waiver of Notice . Whenever notice is required to be given under any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a written

 

18


waiver of notice, signed by the person entitled to notice, or waiver by electronic transmission by such person, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, directors or members of a committee of directors need be specified in any waiver of notice.

ARTICLE VIII: MISCELLANEOUS

Section 8.1: Fiscal Year . The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be determined by resolution of the Board.

Section 8.2: Seal . The Board may provide for a corporate seal, which may have the name of the Corporation inscribed thereon and shall otherwise be in such form as may be approved from time to time by the Board.

Section 8.3: Form of Records . Any records maintained by the Corporation in the regular course of its business, including its stock ledger, books of account and minute books, may be kept on or by means of, or be in the form of, any information storage device or method, provided that the records so kept can be converted into clearly legible paper form within a reasonable time. The Corporation shall so convert any records so kept upon the request of any person entitled to inspect such records pursuant to any provision of the DGCL.

Section 8.4: Severability . If any provision of these Bylaws shall be held to be invalid, illegal, unenforceable or in conflict with the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, then such provision shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be enforced to the maximum extent possible consistent with such holding and the remaining provisions of these Bylaws (including without limitation, all portions of any section of these Bylaws containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal, unenforceable or in conflict with the Certificate of Incorporation, that are not themselves invalid, illegal, unenforceable or in conflict with the Certificate of Incorporation) shall remain in full force and effect.

ARTICLE IX: MARKET STANDOFF RESTRICTION

Each stockholder of the Corporation shall not, to the extent requested by the Corporation or an underwriter of securities of the Corporation, sell or otherwise transfer or dispose of any shares of capital stock of the Corporation (other than (1) to donees pursuant to bona fide gifts or (2) distributions to partners, members or stockholders of the stockholder of the Corporation, provided that in each of case (1) and (2) the recipient agrees to be similarly bound, and other than sales of shares acquired in open market transactions or purchased in the initial public offering) for a period ending up to one hundred eighty (180) days following the effective date of any registration statement of the Corporation filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, plus such additional period to accommodate regulatory restrictions on (a) the publication or other distribution of research reports or (b) analyst recommendations and opinions, including (without limitation) the restrictions set forth in Rule 2711(f)(4) of the National Association of Securities Dealers and Rule 472(f)(4) of the New York Stock Exchange, as amended, or any similar

 

19


successor rules in order to permit publication, recommendations and opinions without such restrictions in the event the Corporation issues an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to the Corporation occurs during the period; provided , however , that such agreement shall be applicable only to the first such registration statement of the Corporation which covers securities sold on its behalf to the public in an underwritten offering. For purposes of this ARTICLE IX, the term “Corporation” shall include any wholly owned subsidiary of the Corporation into which the Corporation merges or consolidates. In order to enforce the foregoing covenant, the Corporation shall have the right to place restrictive legends on the certificates representing the shares of capital stock of the Corporation subject to this ARTICLE IX and to impose stop transfer instructions with respect to such shares until the end of such period.

ARTICLE X: AMENDMENT

Notwithstanding any other provision of these Bylaws, any alteration, amendment or repeal of these Bylaws, or the adoption of new Bylaws, shall require the approval of the Board or the stockholders of the Corporation as provided by the Certificate of Incorporation and applicable law.

 

 

 

20


CERTIFICATION OF AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

OF

FACEBOOK, INC.

a Delaware corporation

I, Theodore W. Ullyot, certify that I am Secretary of Facebook, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Corporation ”), that I am duly authorized to make and deliver this certification, that the attached Bylaws are a true and complete copy of the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Corporation in effect as of the date of this certificate.

Dated: May 22, 2012

 

/s/ Theodore W. Ullyot

Theodore W. Ullyot , Secretary

EXHIBIT 10.2

FACEBOOK, INC.

2012 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

NOTICE OF RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD

GRANT NUMBER:            

Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms defined in the Facebook, Inc. (the “ Company ”) 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”) shall have the same meanings in this Notice of Restricted Stock Unit Award (the “ Notice ”).

Name:

Address:

You (“ Participant ”) have been granted an award of Restricted Stock Units (“ RSUs ”) under the Plan subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, this Notice and the attached Award Agreement (Restricted Stock Units) (hereinafter “ RSU Agreement ”).

 

Number of RSUs:   
Date of Grant:   
Vesting Commencement Date:   

Expiration Date:

  

The date on which settlement of all RSUs granted hereunder occurs, with earlier expiration upon the Termination Date

Vesting Schedule:

  

Subject to the limitations set forth in this Notice, the Plan and the RSU Agreement, the RSUs will vest in accordance with the following schedule:

By accepting (whether in writing, electronically or otherwise) the RSUs, Participant acknowledges and agrees to the following:

Participant understands that Participant’s employment or consulting relationship or service with the Company is for an unspecified duration, can be terminated at any time (i.e., is “at-will”), and that nothing in this Notice, the RSU Agreement or the Plan changes the at-will nature of that relationship. Participant acknowledges that the vesting of the RSUs pursuant to this Notice is earned only by continuing service as an Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company. Participant also understands that this Notice is subject to the terms and conditions of both the RSU Agreement and the Plan, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. Participant has read both the RSU Agreement and the Plan. By accepting this RSU, Participant consents to the electronic delivery as set forth in the RSU Agreement.

 

1


FACEBOOK, INC.

2012 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT

Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms defined in the Facebook, Inc. (the “ Company ”) 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”) shall have the same defined meanings in this Award Agreement (Restricted Stock Units) (the “ Agreement ”).

Participant has been granted Restricted Stock Units (“ RSUs ”) subject to the terms, restrictions and conditions of the Plan, the Notice of Restricted Stock Unit Award (the “ Notice ”) and this Agreement.

1. Settlement . Settlement of RSUs shall be made within 30 days following the applicable date of vesting under the vesting schedule set forth in the Notice. Settlement of RSUs shall be in Shares.

2. No Stockholder Rights . Unless and until such time as Shares are issued in settlement of vested RSUs, Participant shall have no ownership of the Shares allocated to the RSUs and shall have no right dividends or to vote such Shares.

3. Dividend Equivalents . Dividends, if any (whether in cash or Shares), shall not be credited to Participant.

4. Non-Transferability of RSUs . RSUs may not be transferred in any manner other than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution or court order or unless otherwise permitted by the Committee on a case-by-case basis.

5. Termination . If Participant’s service Terminates for any reason, all unvested RSUs shall be forfeited to the Company forthwith, and all rights of Participant to such RSUs shall immediately terminate. In case of any dispute as to whether Termination has occurred, the Committee shall have sole discretion to determine whether such Termination has occurred and the effective date of such Termination.

6. Withholding Taxes . Prior to the settlement of Participant’s RSUs, Participant shall pay or make adequate arrangements satisfactory to the Company to satisfy all withholding obligations of the Company. In this regard, Participant authorizes the Company to withhold all applicable withholding taxes legally payable by Participant from Participant’s wages or other cash compensation paid to Participant by the Company. With the Committee’s consent, these arrangements may also include, if permissible under local law, (a) withholding Shares that otherwise would be issued to Participant when Participant’s RSUs are settled, provided that the Company only withholds the amount of Shares necessary to satisfy the minimum statutory withholding amount, (b) having the Company withhold taxes from the proceeds of the sale of the Shares, either through a voluntary sale or through a mandatory sale arranged by the Company (on Participant’s behalf pursuant to this authorization), or (c) any other arrangement approved by the Committee. The Fair Market Value of these Shares, determined as of the effective date when taxes otherwise would have been withheld in cash, will be applied as a credit against the withholding taxes. The Company may refuse to deliver the Shares if Participant fails to comply with Participant’s obligations in connection with the tax withholding as described in this section.

7. Acknowledgement . The Company and Participant agree that the RSUs are granted under and governed by the Notice, this Agreement and the provisions of the Plan. Participant: (i) acknowledges receipt of a copy of the Plan and the Plan prospectus, (ii) represents that Participant has carefully read and is familiar with their provisions, and (iii) hereby accepts the RSUs subject to all of the terms and conditions set forth herein and those set forth in the Plan and the Notice.

 

2


8. Entire Agreement; Enforcement of Rights . This Agreement, the Plan and the Notice constitute the entire agreement and understanding of the parties relating to the subject matter herein and supersede all prior discussions between them. Any prior agreements, commitments or negotiations concerning the purchase of the Shares hereunder are superseded. No modification of or amendment to this Agreement, nor any waiver of any rights under this Agreement, shall be effective unless in writing and signed by the parties to this Agreement. The failure by either party to enforce any rights under this Agreement shall not be construed as a waiver of any rights of such party.

9. Compliance with Laws and Regulations . The issuance of Shares will be subject to and conditioned upon compliance by the Company and Participant with all applicable state and federal laws and regulations and with all applicable requirements of any stock exchange or automated quotation system on which the Company’s Common Stock may be listed or quoted at the time of such issuance or transfer.

10. Governing Law; Severability . If one or more provisions of this Agreement are held to be unenforceable under applicable law, the parties agree to renegotiate such provision in good faith. In the event that the parties cannot reach a mutually agreeable and enforceable replacement for such provision, then (i) such provision shall be excluded from this Agreement, (ii) the balance of this Agreement shall be interpreted as if such provision were so excluded and (iii) the balance of this Agreement shall be enforceable in accordance with its terms. This Agreement and all acts and transactions pursuant hereto and the rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall be governed, construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.

11. No Rights as Employee, Director or Consultant . Nothing in this Agreement shall affect in any manner whatsoever the right or power of the Company, or a Parent or Subsidiary of the Company, to terminate Participant s service, for any reason, with or without cause.

By Participant’s acceptance (whether in writing, electronically or otherwise) of the Notice, Participant and the Company agree that this RSU is granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Plan, the Notice and this Agreement. Participant has reviewed the Plan, the Notice and this Agreement in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Agreement, and fully understands all provisions of the Plan, the Notice and this Agreement. Participant hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Committee upon any questions relating to the Plan, the Notice and this Agreement. Participant further agrees to notify the Company upon any change in Participant’s residence address. By acceptance of this RSU, Participant consents to the electronic delivery of the Notice, this RSU Agreement, the Plan, account statements, Plan prospectuses required by the Securities and Exchange Commission, U.S. financial reports of the Company, and all other documents that the Company is required to deliver to its security holders (including, without limitation, annual reports and proxy statements) or other communications or information related to the RSU. Electronic delivery may include the delivery of a link to a Company intranet or the internet site of a third party involved in administering the Plan, the delivery of the document via e-mail or such other delivery determined at the Company’s discretion.

 

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FACEBOOK, INC.

2012 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

NOTICE OF STOCK OPTION GRANT

Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms defined in the 2012 Facebook, Inc. (the “ Company ”) Equity Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”) shall have the same meanings in this Notice of Stock Option Grant (the “ Notice ”).

Name:

Address:

You (the “ Participant ”) have been granted an option to purchase shares of Common Stock of the Company under the Plan subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, this Notice and the Stock Option Award Agreement (the “ Option Agreement ”).

 

Grant Number :   
Date of Grant :   
Vesting Commencement Date :   
Exercise Price per Share :   
Total Number of Shares :   
Type of Option :   
Expiration Date :   

Vesting Schedule:

  

Subject to the limitations set forth in this Notice, the Plan and the Option Agreement, the Option will vest and may be exercised, in whole or in part, in accordance with the following schedule:

By accepting (whether in writing, electronically or otherwise) the Option, Participant acknowledges and agrees to the following:

Participant understands that Participant’s employment or consulting relationship or service with the Company is for an unspecified duration, can be terminated at any time (i.e., is “at-will”), and that nothing in this Notice, the Option Agreement or the Plan changes the at-will nature of that relationship. Participant acknowledges that the vesting of the Options pursuant to this Notice is earned only by continuing service as an Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company. Participant also understands that this Notice is subject to the terms and conditions of both the Option Agreement and the Plan, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. Participant has read both the Option Agreement and the Plan. By accepting this Option, Participant consents to the electronic delivery as set forth in the Option Agreement.


FACEBOOK, INC.

2012 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

STOCK OPTION AWARD AGREEMENT

Unless otherwise defined in this Stock Option Award Agreement (the “ Agreement ”), any capitalized terms used herein shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the Facebook, Inc. (the “ Company ”) 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”).

Participant has been granted an option to purchase Shares (the “ Option ”), subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, the Notice of Stock Option Grant (the “ Notice ”) and this Agreement.

1. Vesting Rights . Subject to the applicable provisions of the Plan and this Agreement, this Option may be exercised, in whole or in part, in accordance with the schedule set forth in the Notice.

2. Termination Period .

(a) General Rule . Except as provided below, and subject to the Plan, this Option may be exercised for 90 days after Participant’s Termination with the Company. In no event shall this Option be exercised later than the Expiration Date set forth in the Notice.

(b) Death; Disability . Unless provided otherwise in the Notice, upon Participant’s Termination by reason of his or her death, or if a Participant dies within 90 days of the Termination Date, this Option may be exercised for twelve months, provided that in no event shall this Option be exercised later than the Expiration Date set forth in the Notice. Unless provided otherwise in the Notice, upon Participant’s Termination by reason of his or her Disability, this Option may be exercised for six months, provided that in no event shall this Option be exercised later than the Expiration Date set forth in the Notice.

(c) Cause . Upon Participant’s Termination for Cause (as defined in the Plan), the Option shall expire on such date of Participant’s Termination Date.

3. Grant of Option . The Participant named in the Notice has been granted an Option for the number of Shares set forth in the Notice at the exercise price per Share set forth in the Notice (the “ Exercise Price ”). In the event of a conflict between the terms and conditions of the Plan and the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the terms and conditions of the Plan shall prevail. If designated in the Notice as an Incentive Stock Option (“ ISO ”), this Option is intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option under Section 422 of the Code. However, if this Option is intended to be an ISO, to the extent that it exceeds the $100,000 rule of Code Section 422(d) it shall be treated as a Nonqualified Stock Option (“ NQSO ”).

4. Exercise of Option .

(a) Right to Exercise . This Option is exercisable during its term in accordance with the Vesting Schedule set forth in the Notice and the applicable provisions of the Plan and this Agreement. In the event of Participant’s death, Disability, Termination for Cause or other Termination, the exercisability of the Option is governed by the applicable provisions of the Plan, the Notice and this Agreement.

(b) Method of Exercise . This Option is exercisable by delivery of an exercise notice (the “ Exercise Notice ”), which shall state the election to exercise the Option, the number of Shares in respect of which the Option is being exercised (the “ Exercised Shares ”), and such other representations and agreements as may be required by the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Plan. The Exercise Notice shall be delivered in person, by mail, via electronic mail or facsimile or by other authorized


method to the Secretary of the Company or other person designated by the Company. The Exercise Notice shall be accompanied by payment of the aggregate Exercise Price as to all Exercised Shares. This Option shall be deemed to be exercised upon receipt by the Company of such fully executed Exercise Notice accompanied by such aggregate Exercise Price.

(c) No Shares shall be issued pursuant to the exercise of this Option unless such issuance and exercise complies with all relevant provisions of law and the requirements of any stock exchange or quotation service upon which the Shares are then listed. Assuming such compliance, for income tax purposes the Exercised Shares shall be considered transferred to the Participant on the date the Option is exercised with respect to such Exercised Shares.

5. Method of Payment . Payment of the aggregate Exercise Price shall be by any of the following, or a combination thereof, at the election of the Participant:

(a) cash;

(b) check;

(c) a “broker-assisted” or “same-day sale” (as described in Section 11(d) of the Plan); or

(d) other method authorized by the Committee.

6. Limited Transferability of Option . Except as set forth in this Section 6, this Option may not be transferred in any manner other than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution or court order and may be exercised during the lifetime of Participant only by the Participant or unless otherwise permitted by the Committee on a case-by-case basis. The terms of the Plan and this Agreement shall be binding upon the executors, administrators, heirs, successors and assigns of the Participant. Notwithstanding anything else in this Section 6, a NQSO may be transferred by instrument to an inter vivos or testamentary trust in which the NQSO is to be passed to beneficiaries upon the death of the trustor (settlor) , to a guardian on the disability or to an executor on death of the NQSO holder, or by gift or pursuant to domestic relations orders to the Participant’s “Immediate Family” (as defined below) , provided that any such permitted transferees may not transfer NQSOs to parties other than the Participant or the Participant’s Immediate Family (transfers between a Participant’s Immediate Family and between a Participant’s Immediate Family and Participant are permitted). For the sake of clarification, multiple transfers of NQSOs may be made, by gift or pursuant to domestic relations orders, back and forth between Immediate Family and a Participant pursuant to this Section 6. “ Immediate Family ” means any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, former spouse, domestic partner sharing the same household, sibling, niece, nephew, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law (including adoptive relationships), a trust in which these persons have more than fifty percent of the beneficial interest, a foundation in which these persons (or the Participant) control the management of assets, and any other entity in which these persons (or the Participant) own more than fifty percent of the voting interests. The terms of the Plan and this Agreement shall be binding upon the executors, administrators, heirs, transferees, successors and assigns of the Participant.

7. Term of Option . This Option shall in any event expire on the expiration date set forth in the Notice, which date is 10 years after the Date of Grant (five years after the Date of Grant if this option is designated as an ISO in the Notice of Stock Option Grant and Section 5.3 of the Plan applies).

8. Tax Consequences .

(a) Exercising the Option . Participant will not be allowed to exercise this Option unless Participant makes arrangements acceptable to the Company to pay any withholding taxes that may be due as a result of the Option exercise. In this regard, Participant authorizes the


Company to withhold all applicable withholding taxes legally payable by Participant from Participant’s wages or other cash compensation paid to Participant by the Company. With the Committee’s consent, these arrangements may also include, if permissible under local law, (i) withholding Shares that otherwise would be issued to Participant when Participant exercises this Option, provided that the Company only withholds the amount of Shares necessary to satisfy the minimum statutory withholding amount, (ii) having the Company withhold taxes from the proceeds of the sale of the Shares, either through a voluntary sale or through a mandatory sale arranged by the Company (on Participant’s behalf pursuant to this authorization), or (iii) any other arrangement approved by the Committee. Finally, Participant shall pay to the Company any amount of tax withholding that the Company may be required to withhold as a result of Participant’s participation in the Plan or Participant’s purchase of Shares that cannot be satisfied by the means previously described. The Fair Market Value of these Shares, determined as of the effective date of the Option exercise, will be applied as a credit against the withholding taxes. The Company may refuse to honor the exercise and refuse to deliver the Shares if participant fails to comply with Participant’s obligations in connection with the tax withholding as described in this Section.

(b) Notice of Disqualifying Disposition of ISO Shares . If the Participant sells or otherwise disposes of any of the Shares acquired pursuant to an ISO on or before the later of (i) two years after the grant date, or (ii) one year after the exercise date, the Participant shall immediately notify the Company in writing of such disposition. The Participant agrees that he or she may be subject to income tax withholding by the Company on the compensation income recognized from such early disposition of ISO Shares by payment in cash or out of the current earnings paid to the Participant.

9. Acknowledgement . The Company and Participant agree that the Option is granted under and governed by the Notice, this Agreement and by the provisions of the Plan (incorporated herein by reference). Participant: (i) acknowledges receipt of a copy of the Plan and the Plan prospectus, (ii) represents that Participant has carefully read and is familiar with their provisions, and (iii) hereby accepts the Option subject to all of the terms and conditions set forth herein and those set forth in the Plan and the Notice.

10. Entire Agreement; Enforcement of Rights . This Agreement, the Plan and the Notice constitute the entire agreement and understanding of the parties relating to the subject matter herein and supersede all prior discussions between them. Any prior agreements, commitments or negotiations concerning the purchase of the Shares hereunder are superseded. No modification of or amendment to this Agreement, nor any waiver of any rights under this Agreement, shall be effective unless in writing and signed by the parties to this Agreement. The failure by either party to enforce any rights under this Agreement shall not be construed as a waiver of any rights of such party.

11. Compliance with Laws and Regulations . The issuance of Shares will be subject to and conditioned upon compliance by the Company and Participant with all applicable state and federal laws and regulations and with all applicable requirements of any stock exchange or automated quotation system on which the Company’s Common Stock may be listed or quoted at the time of such issuance or transfer.

12. Governing Law; Severability . If one or more provisions of this Agreement are held to be unenforceable under applicable law, the parties agree to renegotiate such provision in good faith. In the event that the parties cannot reach a mutually agreeable and enforceable replacement for such provision, then (i) such provision shall be excluded from this Agreement, (ii) the balance of this Agreement shall be interpreted as if such provision were so excluded and (iii) the balance of this Agreement shall be enforceable in accordance with its terms. This Agreement and all acts and transactions pursuant hereto and the rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall be governed, construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.


13. No Rights as Employee, Director or Consultant . Nothing in this Agreement shall affect in any manner whatsoever the right or power of the Company, or a Parent or Subsidiary of the Company, to terminate Participant’s service, for any reason, with or without cause.

By Participant’s signature and the signature of the Company’s representative on the Notice, Participant and the Company agree that this Option is granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Plan, the Notice and this Agreement. Participant has reviewed the Plan, the Notice and this Agreement in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing the Notice, and fully understands all provisions of the Plan, the Notice and this Agreement. Participant hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Committee upon any questions relating to the Plan, the Notice and the Agreement. Participant further agrees to notify the Company upon any change in the residence address indicated on the Notice. By acceptance of this Option, Participant consents to the electronic delivery of the Notice, this Option Agreement, the Plan, account statements, Plan prospectuses required by the Securities and Exchange Commission, U.S. financial reports of the Company, and all other documents that the Company is required to deliver to its security holders (including, without limitation, annual reports and proxy statements) or other communications or information related to the Option. Electronic delivery may include the delivery of a link to a Company intranet or the internet site of a third party involved in administering the Plan, the delivery of the document via e-mail or such other delivery determined at the Company’s discretion.


FACEBOOK, INC.

2012 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

NOTICE OF RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD

GRANT NUMBER:            

Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms defined in the Company’s 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”) shall have the same meanings in this Notice of Restricted Stock Award (the “ Notice ”).

Name:

Address:

You (“ Participant ”) have been granted an the opportunity to purchase Shares of Common Stock of Facebook, Inc. (the “ Company ”) that are subject to restrictions (the “ Restricted Shares ”) and the terms and conditions of the Plan, this Notice and the attached Restricted Stock Agreement (the “ Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement ”).

 

Total Number of Restricted Shares Awarded :   
Fair Market Value per Restricted Share :   

$

Total Fair Market Value of Award :   

$

Purchase Price per Restricted Share :   

$

Total Purchase Price for all Restricted Shares :   

$

Date of Grant :   
Vesting Commencement Date :   

Vesting Schedule:

  

Subject to the limitations set forth in this Notice, the Plan and the Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement, the Restricted Shares will vest and the right of repurchase shall lapse, in whole or in part, in accordance with the following schedule:

By accepting (whether in writing, electronically or otherwise) the opportunity to purchase the Restricted Shares, Participant acknowledges and agrees to the following:

Participant understands that Participant’s employment or consulting relationship with the Company is for an unspecified duration, can be terminated at any time (i.e., is “at-will”), and that nothing in this Notice, the Restricted Stock Agreement or the Plan changes the at-will nature of that relationship. Participant acknowledges that the vesting of the Restricted Shares pursuant to this Notice is earned only by continuing service as an Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company. Participant also understands that this Notice is subject to the terms and conditions of both the Restricted Stock Agreement and the Plan, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. Participant has read both the Restricted Stock Agreement and the Plan. By acceptance of this opportunity to purchase the Restricted Shares, Participant consents to the electronic delivery of the Notice, the Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement, the Plan, account statements, Plan prospectuses required by the Securities and Exchange Commission, U.S. financial reports of the Company, and all other documents that the Company is required to deliver to its security holders (including, without limitation, annual reports and proxy statements) or other communications or information related to the Restricted Shares. Electronic delivery may include the delivery of a link to a Company intranet or the internet site of a third party involved in administering the Plan, the delivery of the document via e-mail or such other delivery determined at the Company’s discretion. If the Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement is not executed by Participant within thirty (30) days of the Date of Grant above, then this grant shall be void.


FACEBOOK, INC.

2012 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

RESTRICTED STOCK AGREEMENT

THIS RESTRICTED STOCK AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) is made by and between Facebook, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and Participant pursuant to the Company’s 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”). Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms defined in the Plan shall have the same meanings in this Agreement.

1. Sale of Stock . Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, on the Purchase Date (as defined below) the Company will issue and sell to Participant, and Participant agrees to purchase from the Company the number of Shares shown on the Notice of Restricted Stock Award (the “ Notice ”) at the purchase price per Share set forth in the Notice. The per Share purchase price of the Shares shall be not less than the par value of the Shares as of the date of the offer of such Shares to the Participant. The term “Shares” refers to the purchased Shares and all securities received in replacement of or in connection with the Shares pursuant to stock dividends or splits, all securities received in replacement of the Shares in a recapitalization, merger, reorganization, exchange or the like, and all new, substituted or additional securities or other properties to which Participant is entitled by reason of Participant’s ownership of the Shares.

2. Time and Place of Purchase . The purchase and sale of the Shares under this Agreement shall occur at the principal office of the Company simultaneously with the execution of this Agreement by the parties, or on such other date as the Company and Participant shall agree (the “ Purchase Date ”). On the Purchase Date, the Company will issue a stock certificate registered in Participant’s name, or uncertificated shares designated for the Participant in book entry form on the records of the Company’s transfer agent, representing the Shares to be purchased by Participant against payment of the purchase price therefor by Participant by (a) check made payable to the Company, (b) cancellation of indebtedness of the Company to Participant, (c) Participant’s personal services that the Committee has determined have already been rendered to the Company and have a value not less than aggregate par value of the Shares to be issued Participant, or (d) a combination of the foregoing.

3. Restrictions on Resale . By signing this Agreement, Participant agrees not to sell any Shares acquired pursuant to the Plan and this Agreement at a time when applicable laws, regulations or Company or underwriter trading policies prohibit exercise or sale. This restriction will apply as long as Participant is providing service to the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company.

3.1 Repurchase Right on Termination Other Than for Cause . For the purposes of this Agreement, a “ Repurchase Event ” shall mean an occurrence of one of the following:

(i) termination of Participant’s service, whether voluntary or involuntary and with or without cause;

(ii) resignation, retirement or death of Participant; or

(iii) any attempted transfer by Participant of the Shares, or any interest therein, in violation of this Agreement.

Upon the occurrence of a Repurchase Event, the Company shall have the right (but not an obligation) to purchase the Shares of Participant at a price equal to the Purchase Price per Share (the “ Repurchase Right ”). The Repurchase Right shall lapse in accordance with the vesting schedule set forth in the Notice. For purposes of this Agreement, “ Unvested Shares ” means Stock pursuant to which the Company’s Repurchase Right has not lapsed.


3.2 Exercise of Repurchase Right . Unless the Company provides written notice to Participant within 90 days from the date of termination of Participant’s service to the Company that the Company does not intend to exercise its Repurchase Right with respect to some or all of the Unvested Shares, the Repurchase Right shall be deemed automatically exercised by the Company as of the 90th day following such termination, provided that the Company may notify Participant that it is exercising its Repurchase Right as of a date prior to such 90th day. Unless Participant is otherwise notified by the Company pursuant to the preceding sentence that the Company does not intend to exercise its Repurchase Right as to some or all of the Unvested Shares, execution of this Agreement by Participant constitutes written notice to Participant of the Company’s intention to exercise its Repurchase Right with respect to all Unvested Shares to which such Repurchase Right applies at the time of Termination of Participant. The Company, at its choice, may satisfy its payment obligation to Participant with respect to exercise of the Repurchase Right by either (A) delivering a check to Participant in the amount of the purchase price for the Unvested Shares being repurchased, or (B) in the event Participant is indebted to the Company, canceling an amount of such indebtedness equal to the purchase price for the Unvested Shares being repurchased, or (C) by a combination of (A) and (B) so that the combined payment and cancellation of indebtedness equals such purchase price. In the event of any deemed automatic exercise of the Repurchase Right by canceling an amount of such indebtedness equal to the purchase price for the Unvested Shares being repurchased, such cancellation of indebtedness shall be deemed automatically to occur as of the 90th day following termination of Participant’s employment or consulting relationship unless the Company otherwise satisfies its payment obligations. As a result of any repurchase of Unvested Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Right, the Company shall become the legal and beneficial owner of the Unvested Shares being repurchased and shall have all rights and interest therein or related thereto, and the Company shall have the right to transfer to its own name the number of Unvested Shares being repurchased by the Company, without further action by Participant.

3.3 Acceptance of Restrictions . Acceptance of the Shares shall constitute Participant’s agreement to such restrictions and the legending of his or her certificates or the notation in the Company’s direct registration system for stock issuance and transfer of such restrictions and accompanying legends set forth in Section 4.1 with respect thereto. Notwithstanding such restrictions, however, so long as Participant is the holder of the Shares, or any portion thereof, he or she shall be entitled to receive all dividends declared on and to vote the Shares and to all other rights of a stockholder with respect thereto.

3.4 Non-Transferability of Unvested Shares . In addition to any other limitation on transfer created by applicable securities laws or any other agreement between the Company and Participant, Participant may not transfer any Unvested Shares, or any interest therein, unless consented to in writing by a duly authorized representative of the Company. Any purported transfer is void and of no effect, and no purported transferee thereof will be recognized as a holder of the Unvested Shares for any purpose whatsoever. Should such a transfer purport to occur, the Company may refuse to carry out the transfer on its books, set aside the transfer, or exercise any other legal or equitable remedy. In the event the Company consents to a transfer of Unvested Shares, all transferees of Shares or any interest therein will receive and hold such Shares or interest subject to the provisions of this Agreement, including, insofar as applicable, the Repurchase Right. In the event of any purchase by the Company hereunder where the Shares or interest are held by a transferee, the transferee shall be obligated, if requested by the Company, to transfer the Shares or interest to the Participant for consideration equal to the amount to be paid by the Company hereunder. In the event the Repurchase Right is deemed exercised by the Company, the Company may deem any transferee to have transferred the Shares or interest to Participant prior to their purchase by the Company, and payment of the purchase price by the Company to such transferee shall be deemed to satisfy Participant’s obligation to pay such transferee for such Shares or interest, and also to satisfy the Company’s obligation to pay Participant for such Shares or interest.

3.5 Assignment . The Repurchase Right may be assigned by the Company in whole or in part to any persons or organization.


4. Restrictive Legends and Stop Transfer Orders .

4.1 Legends . The certificate or certificates or book entry or book entries representing the Shares shall bear or be noted by the Company’s transfer agent with the following legend (as well as any legends required by applicable state and federal corporate and securities laws):

THE SHARES REPRESENTED HEREBY MAY BE TRANSFERRED ONLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS OF AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE COMPANY AND THE STOCKHOLDER, A COPY OF WHICH IS ON FILE WITH THE SECRETARY OF THE COMPANY.

4.2 Stop-Transfer Notices . Participant agrees that, in order to ensure compliance with the restrictions referred to herein, the Company may issue appropriate “stop transfer” instructions to its transfer agent, if any, and that, if the Company transfers its own securities, it may make appropriate notations to the same effect in its own records.

4.3 Refusal to Transfer . The Company shall not be required (i) to transfer on its books any Shares that have been sold or otherwise transferred in violation of any of the provisions of this Agreement or (ii) to treat as the owner or to accord the right to vote or pay dividends to any purchaser or other transferee to whom such Shares shall have been so transferred.

5. No Rights as Employee, Director or Consultant . Nothing in this Agreement shall affect in any manner whatsoever the right or power of the Company, or a Parent or Subsidiary of the Company, to terminate Participant s service, for any reason, with or without cause.

6. Miscellaneous .

6.1 Acknowledgement . The Company and Participant agree that the Restricted Shares are granted under and governed by the Notice, this Agreement and by the provisions of the Plan (incorporated herein by reference). Participant: (i) acknowledges receipt of a copy of the Plan and the Plan prospectus, (ii) represents that Participant has carefully read and is familiar with their provisions, and (iii) hereby accepts the Restricted Shares subject to all of the terms and conditions set forth herein and those set forth in the Plan and the Notice.

6.2 Entire Agreement; Enforcement of Rights . This Agreement, the Plan and the Notice constitute the entire agreement and understanding of the parties relating to the subject matter herein and supersede all prior discussions between them. Any prior agreements, commitments or negotiations concerning the purchase of the Shares hereunder are superseded. No modification of or amendment to this Agreement, nor any waiver of any rights under this Agreement, shall be effective unless in writing and signed by the parties to this Agreement. The failure by either party to enforce any rights under this Agreement shall not be construed as a waiver of any rights of such party.

6.3 Compliance with Laws and Regulations . The issuance of Shares will be subject to and conditioned upon compliance by the Company and Participant with all applicable state and federal laws and regulations and with all applicable requirements of any stock exchange or automated quotation system on which the Company’s Common Stock may be listed or quoted at the time of such issuance or transfer.

6.4 Governing Law; Severability . If one or more provisions of this Agreement are held to be unenforceable under applicable law, the parties agree to renegotiate such provision in good faith. In the event that the parties cannot reach a mutually agreeable and enforceable replacement for such provision, then (i) such provision shall be excluded from this Agreement, (ii) the balance of this Agreement shall be interpreted as if such provision were so excluded and (iii) the balance of this Agreement shall be enforceable in accordance with its terms. This Agreement and all acts and transactions pursuant hereto and the rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall be governed, construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.


6.5 Construction . This Agreement is the result of negotiations between and has been reviewed by each of the parties hereto and their respective counsel, if any; accordingly, this Agreement shall be deemed to be the product of all of the parties hereto, and no ambiguity shall be construed in favor of or against any one of the parties hereto.

6.6 Notices . Any notice to be given under the terms of the Plan shall be addressed to the Company in care of its principal office, and any notice to be given to the Participant shall be addressed to such Participant at the address maintained by the Company for such person or at such other address as the Participant may specify in writing to the Company.

6.7 Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall he deemed an original and all of which together shall constitute one instrument.

6.8 U.S. Tax Consequences . Upon vesting of Shares, Participant will include in taxable income the difference between the fair market value of the vesting Shares, as determined on the date of their vesting, and the price paid for the Shares. This will be treated as ordinary income by Participant and will be subject to withholding by the Company when required by applicable law. In the absence of an Election (defined below), the Company shall withhold a number of vesting Shares with a fair market value (determined on the date of their vesting) equal to the minimum amount the Company is required to withhold for income and employment taxes. If Participant makes an Election, then Participant must, prior to making the Election, pay in cash (or check) to the Company an amount equal to the amount the Company is required to withhold for income and employment taxes.

7. Section 83(b) Election . Participant hereby acknowledges that he or she has been informed that, with respect to the purchase of the Shares, an election may be filed by the Participant with the Internal Revenue Service, within 30 days of the purchase of the Shares, electing pursuant to Section 83(b) of the Code to be taxed currently on any difference between the purchase price of the Shares and their Fair Market Value on the date of purchase (the “ Election ”). Making the Election will result in recognition of taxable income to the Participant on the date of purchase, measured by the excess, if any, of the Fair Market Value of the Shares over the purchase price for the Shares. Absent such an Election, taxable income will be measured and recognized by Participant at the time or times on which the Company’s Repurchase Right lapses. Participant is strongly encouraged to seek the advice of his or her own tax consultants in connection with the purchase of the Shares and the advisability of filing of the Election. PARTICIPANT ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT IS SOLELY PARTICIPANT’S RESPONSIBILITY, AND NOT THE COMPANY’S RESPONSIBILITY, TO TIMELY FILE THE

ELECTION UNDER SECTION 83(b) OF THE CODE, EVEN IF PARTICIPANT REQUESTS THE COMPANY, OR ITS REPRESENTATIVE, TO MAKE THIS FILING ON PARTICIPANT’S BEHALF.

EXHIBIT 10.4

 

     

[*]    Certain confidential information contained in this document, marked by brackets, has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Amendment No. 2

to the

Developer Addendum

This Amendment No. 2 (“Amendment No. 2”) to the Developer Addendum dated May 14, 2010, by and between Zynga Inc. (“Zynga, Inc.”) and Facebook, Inc. (“Facebook, Inc.”) (the “Addendum” as amended and supplemented by Amendment No. 1 dated October 1, 2011, and together with the Statement of Rights and Responsibilities, as amended and supplemented by the Addendum and the Developer Addendum No. 2 dated December 26, 2010, the “Original Agreement”) is made is effective as of April 25, 2012 (the “ Amendment No. 2 Effective Date” ), and is made by and between Facebook, Inc. and Facebook Ireland Limited (collectively, “Facebook”, “FB” , “we” , “us” , or “our” ) and Zynga, Inc., Zynga Game Ireland Limited (“Zynga Ireland”), Zynga Luxembourg S.àr.L. (“Commissionaire”) (solely to the extent set forth in the signature page hereto) (collectively, “Zynga” , “you” , or “your” ). We and you are sometimes referred to in this Amendment No. 2 individually as a “party” or collectively, as the “parties” .

Recitals

 

A.

FB desires to enable Zynga to use an alternate Payment Method for certain subscription transactions, other than a Payment Method developed by or on behalf of Facebook for such subscription transactions, and for a limited time, as further detailed herein.

 

B.

Unless otherwise defined herein, all capitalized terms used in this Amendment shall have the same meanings given to them in the Original Agreement.

In consideration of the mutual covenants herein set forth in the Original Agreement and this Amendment No. 2, the parties agree hereby as follows:

Agreement

1. A new limited exception is hereby added as Section 4.b(ii)(6) that reads as follows:

(a) “Subject to Sections 4.b(ii)(1) through (5) of the Developer Addendum (and as amended by Developer Addendum No. 2) and subject to the terms of the Amendment No. 2 to the Developer Addendum, you may use a Subscription Substitute Payment Method, provided that upon the Facebook Payment Method for Subscriptions Live Date, you will migrate all applicable New Subscribers and Legacy Subscribers (collectively, “Subscribers” ) from such Subscription Substitute Payment Method to the Facebook Payment Method for Subscription Services within the applicable Subscription Transition Period regardless of whether or not the feature set for the Facebook Payment Method for Subscription Services is on parity with the Subscription Substitute Payment Method feature set; accordingly, and without limiting the foregoing, you shall migrate all Subscribers over the Facebook Payment Method for Subscription Services even if (1) a Subscriber is using a Payment Method other than credit/debit cards, (2) the Payment Method for such a Subscriber is not supported, (3) a Subscriber is using a currency that is not supported or (4) the subscription period for a Subscriber is not supported (e.g., you must migrate Subscribers that are on a weekly subscription even if the Facebook Payment Method for Subscription Services can only support monthly subscriptions)[*]. Facebook will provide you thirty

 

 

   *Confidential Treatment Requested.


(30) days prior written notice of the Facebook Payment Method for Subscriptions Live Date. Except as otherwise set forth in Sections 4.b(ii)(1) through (5) of the Developer Addendum, your right to use a Subscription Substitute Payment Method shall automatically terminate at the end of the applicable Subscription Transition Period. At all times, any Zynga In-Game Currency that you make available as part of the Subscription Service(s) for a given Covered Zynga Service shall comply with Section 4.b(ii)(3)(d) of the Developer Addendum.

(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Section 4.b(ii)(4), prior to and during the Subscription Transition Period, for purchases by Subscribers through a Subscription Substitute Payment Method, you shall pay Facebook [*] thirty percent (30%) of all amounts received by you from Subscribers for the applicable Subscription Service(s) before any deductions ( “Subscription Fees” ) [*]. Prior to and during the Subscription Transition Period, you shall provide Facebook, on the second calendar day of each month, with a written report detailing the Subscription Fees due for the immediately preceding month (regardless if the amount due is zero). The corresponding Subscription Fees for each month shall be due and payable within [*] calendar days at the end of each month. Facebook shall not be required to provide you with any invoices for the Subscription Fees. Upon written request by us, but no more than once every twelve (12) months, [*].”

2. Definitions. The following new definitions are hereby appended to Exhibit A of the Development Addendum:

 

 

a.

“Facebook Payment Method for Subscriptions Live Date” means the date Facebook makes available to you the ability to use a Payment Method developed by or on behalf of Facebook for Subscription Services for Covered Zynga Services.

 

 

b.

“Legacy Subscriber” means a user that was enrolled in Subscriptions Services for a Covered Zynga Service prior to the Facebook Payment Method for Subscriptions Live Date.

 

 

c.

“New Subscriber” means a user who was enrolled in Subscription Services for a Covered Zynga Service on or after the Facebook Payment Method for Subscriptions Live Date.

 

 

d.

“Subscription Service” means, a service that allows users of Covered Zynga Services to obtain features, functionality, or other benefits, in exchange for a monthly, recurring fixed subscription, or other fixed enrollment fee.

 

 

e.

“Subscription Substitute Payment Method” means a Payment Method other than the Facebook Payment Method for Subscription Services, which is made available to you, to complete purchases made by users for Subscription Service(s) for Covered Zynga Services.

 

 

f.

“Subscription Transition Period” means the period of time beginning on the Facebook Payment Method for Subscriptions Live Date and continuing for (a) thirty (30) days with respect to New Subscribers, or (b) ninety (90) days with respect to Legacy Subscribers.

3. This Amendment No. 2 together with the Original Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the Parties with respect to the matters set forth herein and there are no other agreements, commitments or understanding among the Parties with respect to the matters set forth herein. Nothing in this Amendment No. 2 shall amend the terms and conditions of Developer Addendum No. 2, and all terms and conditions of the Original Agreement not expressly amended herein shall remain in full force and effect. The terms and conditions of this Amendment No. 2 shall prevail over any conflicting terms and conditions in the Original Agreement.

 

 

Confidential Information

   *Confidential Treatment Requested.

 

2


In witness whereof, this Addendum No. 2 has been duly executed by the parties as of the Addendum No. 2 Effective Date.

 

Facebook, Inc.

  

Zynga Inc.

  

By:

 

/s/ Dan Rose

    

By:

  

/s/ Whitney Chang

  

Name:

 

Dan Rose

    

Name:

  

Whitney Chang

  

Title:

 

VP, Partnerships

    

Title:

  

Corporate Controller

  

Date:

      

Date:

  

04/27/2012

  

Facebook Ireland Limited

  

ZYNGA GAME IRELAND LTD:

  

By:

 

/s/ Shane Crehan

    

By:

  

/s/ Dermot Clarke

  

Name:

 

Shane Crehan

    

Name:

  

Dermot Clarke

  

Title:

 

Finance Director

    

Title:

  

Director

  

Date:

      

Date:

  

30 th April 2012

  
      

Accepted, acknowledged and agreed solely as to the right to receive all payments owed to Zynga Ireland as set forth in this Amendment No. 2 and Amendment No. 1 and for no other purpose:

  
      

ZYNGA LUXEMBOURG S.AR.L.:

  
      

By:

  

/s/ Elizabeth Adair

  
      

Name:

  

Elizabeth Adair

  
      

Title

  

Director

  
      

Date:

  

5-8-2012

  
      

/s/ Hanna Duer

  
      

    Hanna Duer

  
      

    Director

  
      

    5-8-2012

  

 

Confidential Information

 

3

EXHIBIT 10.5

Amendment No. 1

to the

Developer Addendum No. 2

This Amendment No. 1 ( “Amendment” ) to the Developer Addendum No. 2 dated December 26, 2010, by and between Zynga Inc. ( “Zynga, Inc.” , “you” , or “your” ) and Facebook, Inc. and Facebook Ireland Limited (collectively, “Facebook” , “FB” , “we” , “us” , or “our” ) (the “Addendum No. 2” , and together with the Statement of Rights and Responsibilities, as amended and supplemented by the Addendum No. 2 and the Developer Addendum dated May 14, 2010, the “Original Agreement” ), is made by and between Facebook and Zynga on June 12, 2012 ( “Amendment Effective Date” ). We and you are sometimes referred to in this Amendment individually as a “party” or collectively, as the “parties” .

Recitals

 

A.

FB desires to allow Zynga to test Play Now on certain Developer Applications on the Facebook Site canvas.

 

B.

Unless otherwise defined herein, all capitalized terms used in this Amendment shall have the same meanings given to them in Addendum No. 2.

In consideration of the mutual covenants herein set forth in Addendum No. 2 and this Amendment, the parties agree hereby as follows:

Agreement

1. Definitions. The following new definitions are hereby appended to Exhibit A of Addendum No. 2:

“Play Now” means the pilot Facebook Service program that allows certain Facebook Platform developers to access, use, and display Play Now User Data to personalize a Facebook User’s experience on such developer’s application on the Facebook Site canvas as soon as the Facebook User arrives to such application on the Facebook Site canvas.

“Play Now User Data” means the following Facebook User Data: a Facebook User’s user ID, a Facebook User’s friends list, and publicly viewable Facebook User Data.

2. Play Now on Facebook Site Canvas . Subject to the terms of this Amendment, Zynga may make available Play Now for the testing of Covered Zynga Games on the Facebook Site canvas ( “Play Now Applications” ), for a period of ninety (90) days beginning on the Amendment Effective Date (the “Test Period” ), in accordance with the following requirements:

a. FB’s written approval of each Play Now Application prior to the launch of such Play Now Application. Zynga must launch such Play Now Application within a reasonable time period after receiving the written approval from FB.

b. Zynga will specify to FB in writing (which may be provided by email) the data Zynga will access in providing such Play Now Application and an explanation of how Zynga will use such data.

c. To the extent that Zynga receives Play Now User Data for a particular Play Now Application, for any Facebook User that (i) opts out of or disables Zynga’s use of their Play Now User Data for a Play Now Application (which includes the Facebook User making this choice through either a per-application opt-out or a global opt-out mechanism provided to the user by FB) or requests the deletion of their Play Now User Data related to such Play Now Application via either a dialog implemented by FB (provided that FB gives Zynga notice of any

 

Confidential Information

 

1


such opt-out or request for deletion that it receives from a Facebook User) or a request the Facebook User makes to Zynga, or (ii) uninstalls access to such Play Now Application, Zynga will delete from such Play Now Application that Play Now User Data promptly; provided that such Facebook User has not separately accepted Zynga terms and conditions for such Play Now Application. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this Amendment shall amend or modify Zynga’s use of Facebook Data obtained under the Original Agreement, and the terms thereof shall continue to govern Zynga’s use of such Facebook Data.

d. In addition, Zynga will provide an email address to FB, which may be provided to Facebook Users, so that FB may enable any Facebook User who has never visited your Play Now Applications to request that Zynga delete all information Zynga received from FB about such Facebook User. Zynga agrees to comply with all such requests as promptly as possible.

e. Further, in the event that Zynga accesses or uses users.getByEmail() or functionally equivalent API (“ Email API ”) for a Play Now Application, Zynga will not use any Facebook User’s user ID Zynga receives through an Email API to obtain any additional information about any Facebook User through the Facebook Platform until after the applicable Facebook User or Facebook friend of such a Facebook User visits Zynga’s Play Now Application.

f. Zynga is fully responsible for Play Now User Data in Zynga’s possession or control. As such, Zynga will deploy administrative, technical and physical safeguards that prevent the unauthorized access, processing, use or disclosure of Play Now User Data. Zynga will promptly notify FB of any unauthorized access, processing, use or disclosure of Play Now User Data and will cooperate with FB to address any problems or concerns resulting from such unauthorized access. If FB requests to review Zynga’s security program, Zynga will grant FB full and complete access and will cooperate with FB to address any security concerns.

3. Upon the expiration of the Test Period, all rights granted hereunder to use Play Now Applications shall terminate unless otherwise agreed to in writing by FB.

4. This Amendment together with the Original Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the Parties with respect to the matters set forth herein and there are no other agreements, commitments or understanding among the Parties with respect to the matters set forth herein. Nothing in this Amendment shall amend the terms and conditions of Developer Addendum, and all terms and conditions of the Original Agreement not expressly amended herein shall remain in full force and effect. The terms and conditions of this Amendment shall prevail over any conflicting terms and conditions in the Original Agreement.

In witness whereof, this Amendment has been duly executed by the parties as of the Amendment Effective Date.

 

Facebook, Inc.

  

Zynga Inc.

  

By:

 

/s/ Ethan Beard

    

By:

  

/s/ Whitney Chang

  

Name:

 

Ethan Beard

    

Name:

  

Whitney Chang

  

Title:

 

Director

    

Title:

  

Corporate Controller

  

Date:

 

6/13/12

    

Date:

  

6/11/2012

  

Facebook Ireland Limited

        

By:

 

/s/ Cipora Herman

          

Name:

 

Cipora Herman

          

Title:

 

VP Finance

          

Date:

 

6/13/12

          

 

Confidential Information

 

2

EXHIBIT 10.6

Amendment No. 2

to the

Developer Addendum No. 2

This Amendment No. 2 ( “Amendment” ) to the Developer Addendum No. 2 dated December 26, 2010, by and between Zynga Inc. ( “Zynga, Inc.” , “you” , or “your” ) and Facebook, Inc. and Facebook Ireland Limited (collectively, “Facebook” , “FB” , “we” , “us” , or “our” ) (the “Addendum No. 2” , and together with the Statement of Rights and Responsibilities, as amended and supplemented by the Addendum No. 2 and the Developer Addendum dated May 14, 2010, each as subsequently amended, the “Original Agreement” ), is made by and between Facebook and Zynga on July 3, 2012 ( “Amendment Effective Date” ). We and you are sometimes referred to in this Amendment individually as a “party” or collectively, as the “parties” .

Recitals

 

A.

FB desires to allow Zynga to implement Start Now on certain Developer Applications on the Facebook Site canvas.

 

B.

Unless otherwise defined herein, all capitalized terms used in this Amendment shall have the same meanings given to them in Addendum No. 2.

In consideration of the mutual covenants herein set forth in Addendum No. 2 and this Amendment, the parties agree hereby as follows:

Agreement

1. All references to “Play Now” in Amendment No. 1 to Addendum No. 2. are hereby replaced with “Start Now”.

2. The definition of “Play Now” and “Play Now User Data” in Amendment No. 1 to Addendum No. 2, which are now “Start Now,” and “Start Now User Data”, respectively, are hereby replaced in their entirety with the following applicable definitions:

“Start Now” means the Facebook Service program that allows certain Facebook Platform developers to access, use, and display Start Now User Data to personalize a Facebook User’s experience on such developer’s application on the Facebook Site canvas as soon as the Facebook User arrives to such application on the Facebook Site canvas.

“Start Now User Data” means the following Facebook User Data: a Facebook User’s user ID, a Facebook User’s friends list, and publicly viewable Facebook User Data.

3. Section 2 of Amendment No. 1 to Addendum No. 1 is hereby deleted in its entirety and replace with the following:

2. Start Now on Facebook Site Canvas . Subject to the terms of this Amendment, Zynga may make available Start Now for Covered Zynga Games on the Facebook Site canvas ( “Start Now Applications” ), in accordance with the following requirements:

a. FB launching the Start Now in a particular territory before Start Now can be used by Zynga in that specific territory.

 

1


b. FB’s written approval (e-mail sufficient) of each Start Now Application prior to the launch of such Start Now Application. Zynga must launch such Start Now Application within a reasonable time period after receiving the written approval from FB.

c. Zynga will specify to FB in writing (which may be provided by email) the data Zynga will access in providing such Start Now Application and an explanation of how Zynga will use such data.

d. To the extent that Zynga receives Start Now User Data for a particular Start Now Application, for any Facebook User that (i) opts out of or disables Zynga’s use of their Start Now User Data for a Start Now Application (which includes the Facebook User making this choice through either a per-application opt-out or a global opt-out mechanism provided to the user by FB) or requests the deletion of their Start Now User Data related to such Start Now Application via either a dialog implemented by FB (provided that FB gives Zynga notice of any such opt-out or request for deletion that it receives from a Facebook User) or a request the Facebook User makes to Zynga, or (ii) uninstalls access to such Start Now Application, Zynga will delete from such Start Now Application that Start Now User Data promptly; provided that such Facebook User has not separately accepted Zynga terms and conditions for such Start Now Application. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this Amendment shall amend or modify Zynga’s use of Facebook Data obtained under the Original Agreement, and the terms thereof shall continue to govern Zynga’s use of such Facebook Data.

e. In addition, Zynga will provide an email address to FB, which may be provided to Facebook Users, so that FB may enable any Facebook User who has never visited your Start Now Applications to request that Zynga delete all information Zynga received from FB about such Facebook User. Zynga agrees to comply with all such requests as promptly as possible.

f. Further, in the event that Zynga accesses or uses users.getByEmail() or functionally equivalent API (“ Email API ”) for a Start Now Application, Zynga will not use any Facebook User’s user ID Zynga receives through an Email API to obtain any additional information about any Facebook User through the Facebook Platform until after the applicable Facebook User or Facebook friend of such a Facebook User visits Zynga’s Start Now Application.

g. Zynga is fully responsible for Start Now User Data in Zynga’s possession or control. As such, Zynga will deploy administrative, technical and physical safeguards that prevent the unauthorized access, processing, use or disclosure of Start Now User Data. Zynga will promptly notify FB of any unauthorized access, processing, use or disclosure of Start Now User Data and will cooperate with FB to address any problems or concerns resulting from such unauthorized access. If FB requests to review Zynga’s security program, Zynga will grant FB full and complete access and will cooperate with FB to address any security concerns.

h. One of the goals of Start Now is to reduce friction in the user experience by allowing immediate trial of the app. Accordingly, Zynga shall not prompt or otherwise request any additional permission from a Facebook User immediately after such Facebook User arrives on a Start Now Application in a manner that introduces additional friction in the user experience, and each Start Now Application will be subject to continued quality control reviews to ensure good user experience.

3. Section 3 of Amendment No. 1 to Addendum No. 2 is deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following:

“The rights set forth herein with respect to Zynga’s use of Start Now on its Start Now Applications will continue until terminated by either party upon sixty (60) days prior written notice, provided however that in the event the Addendum No. 2 expires or is terminated for any reason, this Amendment shall automatically terminate simultaneously with such an expiration or termination of the Addendum No. 2.”

4. This Amendment together with the Original Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the Parties with respect to the matters set forth herein and there are no other agreements, commitments or understanding among the Parties with respect to the matters set forth herein. Nothing in this Amendment shall amend the terms and conditions of Developer Addendum, and all terms and conditions of the Original Agreement not expressly amended herein shall remain in full force and effect. The terms and conditions of this Amendment shall prevail over any conflicting terms and conditions in the Original Agreement.

 

2


In witness whereof, this Amendment has been duly executed by the parties as of the Amendment Effective Date.

 

Facebook, Inc.

 

Zynga Inc.

 

By:

 

/s/ Sean Ryan

   

By:

 

/s/ Whitney Chang

 

Name:

 

Sean Ryan

   

Name:

 

Whitney Chang

 

Title:

 

Director

   

Title:

 

Corporate Controller

 

Date:

 

7/2/12

   

Date:

 

7/3/2012

 

Facebook Ireland Limited

     

By:

 

/s/ Shane Crehan

       

Name:

 

Shane Crehan

       

Title:

 

Director

       

Date:

 

7/8/12

       

 

3

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PERIODIC REPORT UNDER SECTION 302 OF

THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Mark Zuckerberg, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Facebook, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

c) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: July 31, 2012

 
 

/s/ MARK ZUCKERBERG

 

Mark Zuckerberg

 

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

 

(Principal Executive Officer )

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PERIODIC REPORT UNDER SECTION 302 OF

THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, David A. Ebersman, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Facebook, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

c) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: July 31, 2012

 
 

/s/ DAVID A. EBERSMAN

 

David A. Ebersman

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

(Principal Financial Officer)

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Mark Zuckerberg, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Facebook, Inc. (Company), do hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:

 

   

the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 (Report) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

   

the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company for the periods presented therein.

 

Date: July 31, 2012

 
 

/s/ MARK ZUCKERBERG

 

Mark Zuckerberg

 

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

 

(Principal Executive Officer )

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, David A. Ebersman, Chief Financial Officer of Facebook, Inc. (Company), do hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:

 

   

the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 (Report) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

   

the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company for the periods presented therein.

 

Date: July 31, 2012

 
 

/s/ DAVID A. EBERSMAN

 

David A. Ebersman

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

(Principal Financial Officer)