As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 20, 2012
Registration No. 333-177963
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Pre-Effective Amendment No. 6 to
Form S-11
FOR REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
OF SECURITIES OF CERTAIN REAL ESTATE COMPANIES
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Governing Instruments)
200 East Randolph Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60601
(312) 782-5800
(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrants Principal Executive Offices)
C. Allan Swaringen
Chief Executive Officer and President
200 East Randolph Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60601
(312) 782-5800
(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Agent for Service)
With copies to:
Rosemarie A. Thurston
Jason W. Goode
Alston & Bird LLP
1201 West Peachtree Street
Atlanta, Georgia 30309
(404) 881-7000
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. x
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, check the following box. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
| Large accelerated filer | ¨ | Accelerated filer | ¨ | |||
| Non-accelerated filer | x (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company | ¨ | |||
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
EXPLANATORY NOTE
On January 20, 2012, we held a special meeting of our stockholders at which our stockholders approved certain amendments to our charter to (i) change all of our outstanding and undesignated shares of common stock into shares of Class E common stock and classify two new classes of common stock, Class A and Class M, (ii) incorporate certain provisions of the North American Securities Administrators Associations Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts, as revised and adopted on May 7, 2007 (the NASAA REIT Guidelines), applicable to this offering, (iii) include a provision that requires that any person who makes a tender offer for our shares of stock, including, without limitation, a mini-tender offer, must comply with the provisions set forth in Regulation 14D of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including without limitation, disclosure and notice requirements, that would be applicable if the tender offer is for more than five percent of our outstanding shares of common stock, (iv) authorize blank check preferred stock, consisting of 50,000,000 authorized shares, which may be issued in one or more classes or series, with such rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions as will be fixed by our board of directors and (v) further modernize our charter based on developments in REIT law and industry practice. On July 11, 2012, we held an annual meeting of our stockholders at which our stockholders approved certain additional changes to our charter requested by state securities administrators in connection with the registration of the shares of our common stock to be sold in this offering in the various states and territories. We refer to our charter, as amended and restated, as the Amended Charter. Upon the effectiveness of the Amended Charter, each share of our outstanding common stock, all of which are currently unclassified, will be changed into one share of Class E common stock. The Class E common stock is identical to the Class A and Class M common stock issued in this offering except that (i) shares of our Class E common stock will convert automatically into Class M common stock one year after the date the registration statement related to this offering is declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, which we refer to as the offering commencement date, and (ii) no selling commissions, dealer manager fees or distribution fees are paid with respect to the shares of Class E common stock. For more information regarding our Amended Charter, see our Definitive Proxy Statements on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on December 15, 2011 and May 29, 2012. See Where You Can Find More Information.
On or immediately prior to the offering commencement date, we will pay a stock dividend to holders of our Class E common stock in order to achieve a net asset value, or NAV, per share for each of the Class A, Class M and Class E common stock of $10.00. The actual number of shares to be issued in the stock dividend will be based on the NAV per share of Class E common stock as determined after the close of business on the day prior to the offering commencement date and will have the effect of increasing the total number of our outstanding shares of common stock. The stock dividend will be effected on a pro rata basis with respect to all of our stockholders. Accordingly, it will not affect any stockholders proportionate ownership of our outstanding shares. We will issue fractional shares and will not pay cash in lieu of fractional shares in connection with the stock dividend.
The Amended Charter has been approved by our board of directors and our stockholders, but will not become effective until it has been filed with and accepted for record by the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland, which we expect to occur prior to the commencement of this offering. In this preliminary prospectus, we describe our governing documents, including our capitalization, as we expect them to be at the commencement of this offering.
The information in the prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is declared effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and we are not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion: Preliminary Prospectus dated September 20, 2012
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.
Maximum Offering of $3,000,000,000
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. is a real estate investment trust, or REIT, that owns and manages a diversified portfolio of high quality, income-producing office, retail, industrial and apartment properties located primarily in the United States. It is expected that over time our real estate portfolio will be further diversified on a global basis and will be complemented by investments in real estate-related assets. We are managed by our advisor, LaSalle Investment Management, Inc., a subsidiary of our sponsor, Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated (NYSE: JLL), a leading global real estate investment management and services firm. We are not a mutual fund and do not intend to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
We intend to offer shares of our common stock on a continuous basis for an indefinite period of time by filing a new registration statement before the end of each offering, subject to regulatory approval. Pursuant to this prospectus, we are offering on a continuous basis up to $3,000,000,000 of shares of our common stock, consisting of up to $2,700,000,000 of shares in our primary offering and up to $300,000,000 of shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. We are offering to the public two classes of shares of our common stock, Class A shares and Class M shares. The share classes have different selling commissions and ongoing fees. We are offering to sell any combination of Class A and Class M shares with a dollar value up to the maximum offering amount. The per share purchase price will vary from day-to-day and will equal our NAV per share for each class of common stock, plus, for Class A shares only, applicable selling commissions. Subject to certain exceptions, you must initially invest at least $10,000 in shares of our common stock. This is a best efforts offering which means that LaSalle Investment Management Distributors, LLC, our affiliate and the dealer manager of this offering, will use its best efforts but is not required to sell any specific amount of shares in this offering.
We do not intend to list our shares of common stock for trading on an exchange or other trading market. In an effort to provide our stockholders with limited liquidity in respect of their investment in our shares, we have adopted a share repurchase plan whereby, after a one-year holding period and subject to certain limitations, holders of our Class A and Class M shares may request on a daily basis that we repurchase all or any portion of their shares. Shares are not eligible for repurchase for the first year after purchase except for death or disability. The repurchase price per share for each class of common stock will be equal to our NAV per share for such class on the date of repurchase.
This investment involves a high degree of risk. You should purchase these securities only if you can afford the complete loss of your investment. See Risk Factors beginning on page 24 for risks to consider before buying our shares, including:
| |
Since there is no public trading market for shares of our common stock, repurchase of shares by us after a one-year holding period will likely be the only way to dispose of your shares. |
| |
We limit the amount of shares that may be repurchased under our share repurchase plan to approximately 20% of our NAV per annum and, until our total NAV has reached $600 million, repurchases for shares of all classes in the aggregate may not exceed 25% of the gross proceeds received by us from the commencement of this offering through the last day of the prior calendar quarter. Because our assets will consist primarily of properties that generally cannot be readily liquidated, we may not have sufficient liquid resources to satisfy repurchase requests. Further, our board of directors may modify or suspend our share repurchase plan if it deems such action to be in the best interest of our stockholders. As a result, our shares have limited liquidity and at times may be illiquid. |
| |
We have a history of operating losses and cannot assure you that we will achieve profitability. |
| |
The purchase and repurchase price for shares of our common stock will be based on the NAV of each class of common stock and will not be based on any public trading market. Because valuation of properties is inherently subjective, our NAV may not accurately reflect the actual price at which our assets could be liquidated on any given day. |
| |
We are dependent on our advisor to conduct our operations. We will pay substantial fees to our advisor which increases your risk of loss. |
| |
Our advisor will face conflicts of interest as a result of, among other things, time constraints, allocation of investment opportunities and the fact that the fees it will receive for services rendered to us will be based on our NAV which it is responsible for calculating. |
| |
The amount of distributions we may make is uncertain. We may pay distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings or offering proceeds. |
| |
If we fail to maintain our status as a REIT and no relief provisions apply, our NAV and cash available for distribution to our stockholders could materially decrease. |
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. In addition, the Attorney General of the State of New York has not passed upon or endorsed the merits of this offering. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. The use of forecasts in this offering is prohibited. No one is permitted to make any oral or written predictions about the amount or certainty of any cash benefits or tax consequences which may result from an investment in our common stock.
| Per Share |
Total
Maximum(1) |
|||||||
|
Gross offering proceeds(2)(3) |
$ | 3,000,000,000 | ||||||
|
Public offering price, Class A shares |
$ | 10.35 | ||||||
|
Public offering price, Class M shares |
$ | 10.00 | ||||||
|
Selling commissions(3) |
$ | 0.35 | $ | 91,304,348 | ||||
|
Proceeds to us, before expenses |
$ | 10.00 | $ | 2,908,695,652 | ||||
| (1) | Includes shares of common stock being offered under our distribution reinvestment plan, for which investors do not pay selling commissions. We reserve the right to reallocate the offering amount between the primary offering and the distribution reinvestment plan. |
| (2) | The price per share for each class will equal the daily NAV per share for such class, plus, for Class A shares only, applicable selling commissions. |
| (3) |
The table assumes that all shares sold in the primary offering are Class A shares. We will pay selling commissions on Class A shares of up to 3.5% of the NAV per share on the date of purchase. Selling commissions may be reduced or eliminated for certain categories of purchasers. We will not pay selling commissions on Class M shares. We will pay our dealer manager (1) a dealer manager fee equal to 1/365 th of 0.55% of our NAV for each share class for each day and (2) for Class A shares only, a distribution fee equal to 1/365 th of 0.50% of our NAV per share for Class A shares for each day. The total amount of dealer manager fees and distribution fees that will be paid over time depends on the average length of time for which shares remain outstanding, the term over which such amount is measured and the performance of our investments. We will cease paying the dealer manager fee and the distribution fee with respect to shares sold in this offering on the date at which total underwriting compensation paid with respect to this offering equals 10% of the gross proceeds from the primary portion of this offering. |
We are an emerging growth company under federal securities laws.
The date of this prospectus is , 2012
Investors who meet the suitability standards described herein may purchase shares of our common stock. See Suitability Standards below. Investors seeking to purchase shares of our common stock must proceed as follows:
| |
Read this entire prospectus, including any documents incorporated by reference herein, and any appendices and supplements accompanying this prospectus. |
| |
Complete the execution copy of the subscription agreement. A specimen copy of the subscription agreement, including instructions for completing it, is included in this prospectus as Appendix A. |
| |
Deliver a check or submit a wire transfer for the full purchase price of the shares of our common stock being subscribed for along with the completed subscription agreement to the soliciting broker-dealer. Your check should be made payable, or wire transfer directed, to Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. After you have satisfied the applicable minimum purchase requirement of $10,000, additional purchases must be in increments of $1,000, except for purchases made pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. |
| |
By executing the subscription agreement and paying the total purchase price for the shares of our common stock subscribed for, each investor attests that he or she meets the suitability standards as stated in the subscription agreement and agrees to be bound by all of its terms. |
Subscriptions will be effective only upon our acceptance, and we reserve the right to reject any subscription in whole or in part. We are not permitted to accept a subscription for shares of our common stock until at least five business days after the date you receive this prospectus. Any subscription may be canceled at any time before it has been accepted. See Plan of Distribution for additional information regarding subscriptions for shares of our common stock in this offering.
An approved trustee must process and forward to us subscriptions made through individual retirement accounts, or IRAs, Keogh plans and 401(k) plans. In the case of investments through IRAs, Keogh plans and 401(k) plans, we will send the confirmation and notice of our acceptance to the trustee.
i
The shares of common stock we are offering are suitable only as a long-term investment for persons of adequate financial means who do not need liquidity of this investment within the first year. Because there is no public market for our shares, it may be difficult for you to sell your shares. On a limited basis, you may be able to have your shares repurchased through our share repurchase plan which, except for repurchases due to death or disability, is not available until one year after you purchase your shares, and may be modified or suspended by our board of directors.
In consideration of these factors, we require that a purchaser of shares of our common stock have either:
| |
a minimum net worth of at least $250,000; or |
| |
a minimum gross annual income of at least $70,000 and a minimum net worth of at least $100,000. |
For purposes of determining whether you satisfy the above standards, your net worth should be calculated excluding the value of your home, home furnishings and automobiles.
In addition to the minimum income and net worth standards above, an investor may not invest more than 10% of his or her liquid net worth in shares of our common stock and other similar programs, including direct participation programs, with liquid net worth being defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities.
Pennsylvania investors : Because the minimum offering amount is less than $270,000,000, you are cautioned to carefully evaluate our ability to fully accomplish our stated objectives, and to inquire as to the current dollar value of our subscriptions.
Tennessee investors : Purchasers residing in Tennessee are required to have either a minimum net worth of at least $500,000 or a minimum gross annual income of at least $100,000 and a minimum net worth of at least $100,000.
In the case of sales to fiduciary accounts (such as an individual retirement account, or IRA, Keogh plan or pension or profit sharing plan), these suitability standards must be met by the fiduciary account, by the person who directly or indirectly supplied the funds for the purchase of the shares of our common stock or by the beneficiary of the account. With respect to participant-directed purchases under a 401(k) or other defined contribution plan qualified under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, the authorized plan fiduciary who has approved our shares of common stock as an available investment option under the plan is considered a fiduciary account.
Our sponsor, our dealer manager and each participating broker-dealer must make every reasonable effort to determine that the purchase of shares of our common stock is a suitable and appropriate investment for each investor. In making this determination, our sponsor and our dealer manager will rely upon information provided by the investor to the participating broker-dealer as well as the suitability assessment made by each participating broker-dealer. Each participating broker-dealer is required to maintain for six years records of the information used to determine that an investment in shares of our common stock is suitable and appropriate for a stockholder. Each participating broker-dealer will ascertain that each investor who purchases shares of common stock through such participating broker-dealer:
| |
meets the minimum income and net worth standards set forth above for purchasing shares of our common stock; |
| |
can reasonably benefit from an investment in shares of our common stock based on the prospective investors overall investment objectives and portfolio structure; |
| |
is able to bear the economic risk of the investment based on the prospective investors overall financial situation; and |
| |
has an apparent understanding of the fundamental risks of the investment, the risk that the prospective investor may lose the entire investment, the lack of liquidity of the shares, the restrictions on transferability of the shares, and the tax consequences of the investment. |
ii
By signing the subscription agreement required for purchases of our common stock, you represent and warrant to us that you have received a copy of this prospectus and that you meet the net worth and gross annual income requirements described above. These representations and warranties help us to ensure that you are fully informed about an investment in our common stock and all investors meet our suitability standards. In the event you or another stockholder or a regulatory authority attempt to hold us liable because stockholders did not receive copies of this prospectus or because we failed to adhere to each states suitability requirements, we will assert these representations and warranties made by you in any proceeding in which such potential liability is disputed in an attempt to avoid any such liability. By making these representations, you do not waive any rights that you may have under federal or state securities laws.
iii
Please carefully read the information in this prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference herein, and any accompanying prospectus supplements, which we refer to collectively as the prospectus. You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. This prospectus may only be used where it is legal to sell these securities. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate as of any date later than the date hereof or such other dates as are stated herein or as of the respective dates of any documents or other information incorporated herein by reference.
In this prospectus, the words we, us and our refer to Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. and our subsidiaries unless the context requires otherwise. The term advisor refers to LaSalle Investment Management, Inc., and the term sponsor or Jones Lang LaSalle refers to Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated. The term LaSalle refers to LaSalle Investment Management, Inc. together with its international affiliates that collectively comprise Jones Lang LaSalles real estate investment and management business throughout the world, including the entities responsible for such activities in the United Kingdom, Continental Europe and the Asia-Pacific regions. The term affiliates when used with respect to Jones Lang LaSalle or LaSalle Investment Management, Inc. includes entities that are controlled or managed by Jones Lang LaSalle or LaSalle Investment Management, Inc., respectively.
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC, using a continuous offering process. Periodically, as we make material investments or have other material developments, we will provide a prospectus supplement that may add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. Any statement that we make in this prospectus will be modified or superseded by any inconsistent statement made by us in a subsequent prospectus supplement. The registration statement we filed with the SEC includes exhibits that provide more detailed descriptions of the matters discussed in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the related exhibits filed with the SEC and any prospectus supplements, together with the additional information described under Incorporation By Reference.
Following the date that the registration statement related to this offering is declared effective by the SEC, which we refer to as the offering commencement date, as soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each business day, we will (i) post our NAV per share for such day for each outstanding share class on our website, and (ii) make our NAV per share for each share class available on our toll-free, automated telephone line. In addition, as soon as reasonably practicable following the end of each month, we will file with the SEC a prospectus supplement disclosing our NAV per share for each share class for each business day in the preceding month. Our website will also contain this prospectus and any prospectus supplements that have not been superseded by a subsequent supplement. In order to avoid interruptions in the continuous offering of our shares of common stock, we will file an amendment to the registration statement with the SEC on or before such time as the most recent offering price per Class A or Class M share represents a 20% change from the per share price set forth in the registration statement filed with the SEC, as amended from time to time. There can be no assurance, however, that our continuous offering will not be suspended while the SEC reviews any such amendment, until it is declared effective, if at all.
IMPORTANT NOTE FOR BROKER-DEALERS: This prospectus will be supplemented each month with respect to the NAV per share for each share class for each business day in the preceding month, which we refer to as pricing supplements, and from time to time with respect to other information. All sales literature used in connection with this offering must be accompanied by (1) the current prospectus, (2) all prospectus supplements (other than pricing supplements) that have not been superseded by a subsequent supplement and (3) the most recent pricing supplement filed through the close of business on the business day immediately preceding delivery or, if delivered after the close of business, then through the close of business on the day such sales literature is delivered.
iv
| i | ||||
| ii | ||||
| iv | ||||
| 1 | ||||
| 2 | ||||
| 10 | ||||
| 24 | ||||
| 56 | ||||
| 58 | ||||
| 71 | ||||
| 78 | ||||
| 96 | ||||
| 100 | ||||
| 105 | ||||
| 111 | ||||
| 119 | ||||
| 120 | ||||
| 121 | ||||
| 126 | ||||
| 137 | ||||
| 139 | ||||
| 161 | ||||
| 164 | ||||
| 172 | ||||
| 172 | ||||
| 172 | ||||
| 173 | ||||
| 173 | ||||
| A-1 | ||||
| B-1 |
v
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Statements included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus that are not historical facts (including any statements concerning investment objectives, other plans and objectives of management for future operations or economic performance, or assumptions or forecasts related thereto) are forward-looking statements. These statements are only predictions. We caution that forward-looking statements are not guarantees. Actual events or our investments and results of operations could differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by the use of terms such as may, will, should, expect, could, intend, plan, anticipate, estimate, believe, continue, predict, potential or the negative of such terms and other comparable terminology.
The forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference herein are based upon our current expectations, plans, estimates, assumptions and beliefs that involve numerous risks and uncertainties. Assumptions relating to the foregoing involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, our actual results and performance could differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and future prospects include, but are not limited to:
| |
our ability to effectively deploy the proceeds raised in this offering; |
| |
changes in global economic conditions generally and the real estate and capital markets specifically; |
| |
business opportunities that may be presented to and pursued by us; |
| |
supply and demand for properties in our current and any proposed market areas; |
| |
tenant and mortgage loan delinquencies, defaults and tenant bankruptcies; |
| |
availability and creditworthiness of prospective tenants; |
| |
legislative or regulatory changes (including changes to the laws governing the taxation of REITs); |
| |
interest rates; and |
| |
changes to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. |
Any of the assumptions underlying forward-looking statements could be inaccurate. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. All forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this prospectus and the risk that actual results will differ materially from the expectations expressed in this prospectus will increase with the passage of time. Except as otherwise required by the federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements after the date of this prospectus, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances or any other reason. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, including, without limitation, the risks described under Risk Factors, the inclusion of such forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the objectives and plans set forth in this prospectus will be achieved.
1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THIS OFFERING
Set forth below are some of the more frequently asked questions and accompanying answers related to our structure, our management, our business and an offering of this type.
| Q: | What is a real estate investment trust, or REIT? |
| A: | In general, a REIT is a company that: |
| |
combines the capital of many investors to acquire or provide financing for real estate investments; |
| |
offers the benefits of a diversified real estate portfolio under professional management; |
| |
avoids double taxation (i.e., taxation at both the corporate and stockholder levels) that generally results from investments in a corporation because a REIT is generally not subject to federal corporate income taxes on the portion of its net income that it distributes to its stockholders; and |
| |
is required to pay distributions to stockholders of at least 90% of its taxable income for each year. |
| Q: | What is Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.? |
| A: | Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. is an externally managed REIT that owns and manages a diversified portfolio of office, retail, industrial and apartment properties located primarily in the United States. We expect over time that our real estate portfolio will be further diversified on a global basis through the acquisition of additional properties outside of the United States and will be complemented by investments in real estate-related debt and securities. We were originally incorporated on May 28, 2004 under the laws of the State of Maryland as Excelsior LaSalle Property Fund, Inc., and we changed our legal name to Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. on November 14, 2011. We believe that we have operated in such a manner to qualify to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2004, when we first elected REIT status. As of June 30, 2012, we owned (i) interests in 31 consolidated properties located in ten states and one in Canada with an investment amount of approximately $802.0 million and (ii) interests in two unconsolidated properties located in two states with an investment amount of approximately $59.6 million. |
| Q: | What is a perpetual-life REIT? |
| A: | We use the term perpetual-life REIT to describe an investment vehicle of indefinite duration focused on real estate properties and other real estate-related assets, the shares of common stock of which are generally intended to be sold and repurchased by the issuer daily on a continuous basis. Public and private pension plan sponsors, endowments, foundations and other pension funds avail themselves of similarly structured, perpetual-life vehicles as one option for allocating a portion of their portfolio to direct investments in real estate. As a perpetual-life, publicly-offered REIT, we intend to offer a similar investment option to a broader universe of investors through this offering. |
| Q: | Why should I consider an investment in real estate? |
| A: |
Allocating a portion of your investment portfolio to real estate may provide you with a steady source of income, portfolio diversification, reduction of overall risk, a hedge against inflation and attractive risk-adjusted returns. For these reasons, individual and institutional investors have embraced real estate as a significant asset class for purposes of asset allocations within their investment portfolios. Survey data reported by The Pension Real Estate Association, or PREA, in 2011 indicates that investment in real estate by pension plans has been steadily increasing since 2000 with a significant percentage of pension plans having a target allocation to real estate of 10% or more of their overall investment portfolios. Furthermore, according to a report published in 2011 by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, an optimized portfolio combining a blend of direct investments in real estate and publicly traded REITs produced better risk-adjusted returns than either direct investments in real estate or publicly traded |
2
| REITs alone. Direct investments refers to owning real estate through an investment vehicle that does not have its equity interests listed for trading on a national securities exchange. An investment in our shares may differ from other direct investments in real estate because, among other reasons, we intend to allocate a portion of our portfolio to debt and equity interests backed principally by real estate, we may pay different fees for the management of our company and the distribution of our shares and, as a public reporting company, we may incur additional costs. Blended portfolios resulted in positive average annual returns for all rolling five-year holding periods over the past 22 years, even during periods of dramatic property valuation declines (e.g. 2008, 2009, 2010). We believe that individual investors can benefit from adding a diversified real estate component to their investment portfolios. You and your investment advisor should determine whether investing in shares of our common stock as a means to gain exposure to private direct real estate would benefit your investment portfolio. |
| Q: | How is an investment in shares of your common stock different from publicly traded REITs? |
| A: | While investing in REITs whose shares are listed on a national securities exchange is one alternative for investing in real estate, shares of listed REITs generally fluctuate in value with both the real estate market and the stock market as a whole. We do not intend to list our shares for trading on a national securities exchange and, as such an investment in shares of our common stock generally differs from listed REITs because: |
| |
the daily NAV per share for each class of our common stock is based on the fair value of our assets less our outstanding liabilities, while shares of listed REITs are priced by the public trading market, which generally causes a listed REITs stock price to fluctuate based on factors such as supply (number of sellers) and demand (number of buyers) of shares, based on shifting preferences among various sectors of the global economy as well as other market forces; |
| |
most listed REITs focus on select property types or geographic markets, which means that in order to own a well-diversified property portfolio through owning shares of listed REITs, you would need to own shares of several listed REITs. Our investment strategy allows stockholders to obtain an allocation to a well-diversified portfolio of various commercial property types in different geographic markets, in addition to complementary debt and equity interests backed principally by real estate, which we refer to collectively as real estate-related assets, by owning our shares; and |
| |
industry benchmarks that track the value of direct investments in real estate properties have demonstrated a low correlation with the benchmarks for traditional asset classes, such as publicly traded stocks and bonds. Academic and empirical studies have shown that utilizing lower correlated assets in a diversified long-term investment portfolio can increase portfolio efficiency and may generate higher total returns while decreasing overall risk because the various asset classes may react to changing market conditions differently. |
| Q: | How is an investment in shares of your stock different from traditional non-listed REITs? |
| A: | As compared to the majority of non-listed REITs available to the public in the market today, an investment in shares of our stock generally differs from such REITs in the following ways: |
| |
shares of traditional non-listed REITs are typically not valued until 18 months after the cessation of their offering, whereas our shares will be valued on a daily basis. Changes in our daily NAV will reflect factors including, but not limited to, our portfolio income, interest expense, unrealized/realized gains (losses) on assets and accruals for fees, thereby enabling investors to invest in our shares at a price that reflects current market conditions and asset values. See Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Guidelines; |
| |
traditional non-listed REITs are generally illiquid, often for periods of eight years or more, with only very limited liquidity provided through share repurchase plans that have significant restrictions on the number of shares that can be repurchased each year and the sources of funding available for these |
3
|
repurchases. In contrast, after a one-year holding period, our stockholders may request, on a daily basis, that we repurchase all or any portion of their shares, subject to limitations that are much less restrictive than the repurchase plans of traditional non-listed REITs. See Share Repurchase Plan; and |
| |
most traditional non-listed REITs begin as blind pools with no owned or specified properties, whereas our company has an existing portfolio of assets which affords investors an opportunity to assess the nature and quality of our current assets before investing. See Our Real Estate Investments. |
| Q: | What is your investment strategy and what will you do with the proceeds raised in this offering? |
| A: | The cornerstone of our investment strategy is to provide investors seeking a general commercial real estate allocation with a broadly diversified portfolio of income-producing real estate properties and real estate-related assets. We believe that a broadly diversified portfolio may potentially offer investors significant benefits for a given level of risk relative to a more concentrated portfolio. We intend to achieve our investment objectives by selecting investments across property types and geographic regions in an attempt to achieve portfolio stability, diversification and favorable risk-adjusted returns. To a lesser degree, we also intend to invest in real estate-related assets. See Investment Objectives and StrategyGlobal Target Markets. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, after we pay the fees and expenses attributable to this offering and our operations, to (1) grow and further diversity our portfolio by making investments in accordance with our investment strategy and policies, (2) reduce borrowings and repay indebtedness incurred under various financing instruments and (3) fund repurchases of our shares under our share repurchase plan. See Estimated Use of Proceeds. |
| Q. | Who is Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated? |
| A. | Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated (NYSE: JLL), our sponsor, is a global real estate services firm specializing in commercial property management, leasing and investment management with a portfolio of approximately 1.8 billion square feet worldwide. Jones Lang LaSalle provides real estate and investment management services to leading corporate and institutional owners and occupiers of real estate around the world. As of June 30, 2012, Jones Lang LaSalle had over 200 corporate offices and operations in more than 1,000 locations in 70 countries and approximately 45,500 employees worldwide. Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. is the first public program or public REIT sponsored by our sponsor. Where appropriate, our advisor will leverage the global resources of Jones Lang LaSalle, its parent company and our sponsor, to serve our investment goals and objectives. We believe that our advisors access to the local market knowledge and expertise of Jones Lang LaSalles global real estate professionals is a key competitive strength for our global real estate investment and management activities. Our advisor hires our sponsor for property management, leasing, financing, capital markets and other services only when our advisor determines that our sponsors credentials in the property type and geographic market are superior to third party alternatives. |
Affiliates of Jones Lang LaSalle have invested a total of $60.2 million in shares of our common stock. See Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial OwnersOwnership by Our Sponsor and its Affiliates for a description of the terms of these investments. As a result of this significant investment in us, Jones Lang LaSalle has a strong economic incentive to support our company, unlike other public, non-listed REITs whose sponsors have made a minimal investment and, consequently, are less aligned with the interests of their stockholders.
| Q. | Who is LaSalle Investment Management, Inc.? |
| A. |
LaSalle Investment Management, Inc., our advisor, is a registered investment advisor with the SEC. LaSalle was established and began managing real estate assets for institutional clients in 1980 and is one of the worlds largest managers of institutional capital invested in real estate and real estate-related assets. LaSalle specializes in providing comprehensive multi-disciplinary real estate investment services to a broad range of institutional and individual investors, including pension funds, foundations, endowments, corporations, |
4
| insurance companies, sovereign wealth funds and money managers for high net worth individuals. LaSalle has over 30 years of real estate investment experience in public and private real estate markets in North America and Europe and more than a decade of experience in Asia Pacific. As of June 30, 2012, LaSalle managed approximately $46.7 billion of public and private real estate assets and had approximately 700 employees in 26 offices in 18 countries. Pursuant to the advisory agreement between us and our advisor, and as described under ManagementThe Advisory Agreement, our advisor is responsible for managing our affairs on a day-to-day basis and for identifying, making and managing investments on our behalf. |
We believe that access to LaSalles investment expertise, research capabilities and property acquisition sourcing and due diligence capabilities will enable us to successfully execute our investment strategy and objectives. LaSalle has substantial experience in acquiring, owning, managing, financing and operating commercial real estate across diverse property types around the world as well as significant experience in asset allocation across a diverse range of portfolio types. In sourcing and evaluating potential investment opportunities for our portfolio, our advisor will utilize the regional investment committees established by LaSalle in each region of the world in which it operates. These committees are comprised of senior members of its global management organization, each of whom has between 14 and 30 years of real estate investment experience. See ManagementInvestment Committees. Where appropriate, our advisor will leverage the worldwide resources of Jones Lang LaSalle, its parent company and our sponsor, to serve our investment goals and objectives. We believe that the local market knowledge and expertise of Jones Lang LaSalles international network of real estate professionals will provide us with a significant competitive advantage in executing our investment strategy.
| Q: | What type of person might benefit from an investment in your shares? |
| A: | An investment in our shares may be appropriate for you if you: |
| |
meet the minimum suitability standards described above under Suitability Standards; |
| |
seek to allocate a portion of your investment portfolio to a direct, long-term investment in a broadly diversified portfolio of real estate and real estate-related assets; |
| |
seek to receive current income through our distribution payments; |
| |
wish to obtain the potential benefit of long-term capital appreciation; and |
| |
are able to hold your shares as a long-term investment and do not need liquidity from this investment within the first year. |
We cannot assure you that an investment in our shares will allow you to realize any of these objectives. An investment in our shares is only intended for investors who do not need to be able to sell their shares quickly in the future since the opportunity to have your shares repurchased under our share repurchase plan may not always be available. See Share Repurchase Plan.
| Q: | What is the impact of bei ng an emerging growth company? |
| A: |
We do not believe that being an emerging growth company, as defined by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act, will have a significant impact on our business or this offering. We have elected to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards available to emerging growth companies pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act. This election is irrevocable. So long as we are externally managed by our advisor and we do not reimburse our advisor or our sponsor for the compensation they pay to our executive officers, we do not expect to include disclosures relating to executive compensation in our periodic reports or proxy statements and, as a result, do not expect to be required to seek stockholder approval of executive compensation and golden parachute compensation arrangements pursuant to Section 14A(a) and (b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. In addition, so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we will not be required to provide an auditors attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, even if we list our shares on a national securities exchange and meet the other conditions to becoming an accelerated filer. |
5
| We will remain an emerging growth company for up to five years, although we will lose that status sooner if our revenues exceed $1 billion, if we issue more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt in a three year period or if the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of June 30 of any calendar year. |
| Q: | What is the difference between the Class A and Class M shares of common stock being offered? |
| A: | We are offering to the public two classes of shares of our common stock, Class A shares and Class M shares. The difference between the share classes relates to selling commissions and ongoing fees. No selling commissions or distribution fees are paid with respect to Class M shares. See Description of Capital Stock and Plan of Distribution for a discussion of the differences between our Class A and Class M shares. |
Class A shares are available to the general public. Class M shares are available for purchase in this offering only (1) through fee-based programs, also known as wrap accounts, of investment dealers, (2) through participating broker-dealers that have alternative fee arrangements with their clients, (3) through certain registered investment advisors, (4) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act in a fiduciary capacity for its clients or customers, (5) by endowments, foundations, pension funds and other institutional investors or (6) by our executive officers and directors and their immediate family members, as well as officers and employees of our advisor, our sponsor or other affiliates and their immediate family members, and, if approved by our board of directors, joint venture partners, consultants and other service providers. If you are eligible to purchase both classes of shares, you should consider, among other things, the amount of your investment, the length of time you intend to hold the shares, the selling commission and fees attributable to the Class A shares and whether you qualify for any selling commission discounts if you elect to purchase Class A shares. Before making your investment decision, please consult with your investment advisor regarding your account type and the classes of common stock you may be eligible to purchase.
| Q: | What is the per share purchase price? |
| A: | As of the offering commencement date, the initial purchase price for Class A and Class M shares will be $10.00 per share, plus, for Class A shares only, applicable selling commissions. Thereafter, the per share purchase price will vary from day-to-day and will equal our NAV per share for each class of common stock determined after the close of business each day, plus, for Class A shares only, applicable selling commissions. Each class of shares may have a different NAV per share because certain fees differ with respect to each class. |
| Q: | What is the per share repurchase price? |
| A: | The repurchase price per share on any business day will be equal to our NAV per share of the class of shares being repurchased. No shares may be repurchased within one year after the date of purchase, except for repurchases related to the death or disability of a stockholder. Class E shares are not eligible for repurchase but will automatically convert to Class M shares one year after the offering commencement date. After the Class E shares convert to Class M shares, they will be eligible for repurchase pursuant to our share repurchase plan, subject to the one year waiting period except upon the death or disability of a stockholder. See Share Repurchase Plan. |
| Q: | How will you communicate the daily NAV per share? |
| A: | As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each business day, we will post on our website and make available on our toll-free, automated telephone line our NAV per share for such day for each outstanding share class. In addition, as soon as reasonably practicable following the end of each month, we will file with the SEC a prospectus supplement disclosing our NAV per share for each share class for each business day in the preceding month. |
| Q: | Will I be charged selling commissions? |
| A: |
If you purchase Class A shares, yes, subject to exceptions for certain categories of purchasers. Investors in Class A shares will pay selling commissions of up to 3.5% of the NAV per share on the date of purchase. In addition, selling commissions may be lower for certain participating broker-dealers and may vary from one participating broker-dealer to another. Discounts are also available for certain volume purchases in the |
6
| primary offering. See Plan of Distribution. Stockholders will not pay selling commissions on Class M shares or when purchasing shares of either class pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. |
| Q: | What is the term or expected life of this offering? |
| A: | We intend to conduct a continuous offering that will not have a predetermined duration, subject to continued compliance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and applicable state laws. We presently intend but are under no obligation to file a new registration statement to register additional Class A and Class M shares of common stock with the SEC prior to the end of each three-year period following the commencement of this offering described in Rule 415 under the Securities Act so that we may continuously offer shares of common stock over an unlimited time period. In certain states, the offering may continue for only one year pursuant to initial clearance by applicable state authorities, after which we will need to renew the offering for additional one-year periods (or longer, if permitted by the laws of each particular state). |
| Q: | What is the recommended period over which I should plan to hold my shares in the company? |
| A: | You should view your investment in our shares as long term with an intended holding period of not less than five to seven years. Given the generally illiquid nature of commercial real estate, we recommend an extended holding period in order to realize the performance benefits associated with this type of investment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, you and your investment advisor should determine the optimal holding period for your investment based on your individual objectives and overall portfolio. |
| Q: | Is there any minimum investment required? |
| A: | The minimum initial investment in shares of our common stock is $10,000, and the minimum subsequent investment in our shares is $1,000 per transaction, although our board may elect to accept smaller investments at its discretion. The minimum subsequent investment amount does not apply to purchases made under our distribution reinvestment plan. |
| Q: | If I buy shares, will I receive distributions and how often? |
| A: | We intend to pay distributions to our stockholders on a quarterly basis. Any distributions we make will be at the discretion of our board of directors, considering factors such as our earnings, cash flow, capital needs and general financial condition and the requirements of Maryland law. Our board of directors discretion as to the payment of distributions will be directed, in substantial part, by its determination to cause us to comply with the REIT requirements. To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we generally are required to make aggregate annual distributions to our stockholders of at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction and excluding net capital gains). See Description of Capital StockDistributions, Selected Information Regarding Our Operations and Federal Income Tax Considerations. |
| Q: | Will the distributions I receive be taxable as ordinary income? |
| A: | Distributions that you receive, including distributions that are reinvested pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, will generally be taxed as ordinary dividend income to the extent they are paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits. Dividends received from REITs are generally not eligible to be taxed at the lower rates applicable to individuals for qualified dividends from taxable corporations. |
We may designate a portion of distributions as capital gain dividends taxable at capital gain rates to the extent we recognize net capital gains from sales of assets. In addition, because depreciation expense reduces taxable income but does not reduce cash available for the payment of distributions, and because we initially expect such depreciation expense to exceed our non-deductible expenditures, a portion of your distributions may be considered return of capital for tax purposes. These amounts will not be subject to tax, but will instead reduce the tax basis of your investment. This, in effect, defers a portion of your tax until your shares are repurchased, you sell your shares or we are liquidated, at which time you generally will be taxed at capital gains rates. Because each investors tax position is different, we suggest you consult with your tax advisor. See Federal Income Tax Considerations.
7
| Q: | May I reinvest my cash distributions in additional shares? |
| A: | Yes. We have adopted a distribution reinvestment plan whereby holders of Class A and Class M shares may elect to have their cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of our common stock. If you participate in our distribution reinvestment plan, the cash distributions attributable to the class of shares that you own will be automatically invested in additional shares of the same class. The purchase price for shares purchased under our distribution reinvestment plan will be equal to our NAV per share of that share class on the date that the distribution is payable. Stockholders will not pay selling commissions when purchasing shares under our distribution reinvestment plan. Holders of Class E shares are not eligible to participate in our distribution reinvestment plan. See Description of Capital StockDistribution Reinvestment Plan for more information regarding reinvestment of distributions you may receive from us. |
| Q: | Can I be certain that I will be able to liquidate my investment immediately at the time of my choosing? |
| A: | No. After an initial one-year holding period, stockholders may request on a daily basis that we repurchase all or any portion of their Class A or Class M shares pursuant to our share repurchase plan. However, our ability to fulfill repurchase requests is subject to a number of limitations. As a result, share repurchases may not be available at all times. Although our share repurchase plan will begin on the offering commencement date, shares purchased in this offering are not eligible for repurchase for the first year after the date of purchase except upon death or disability of a stockholder; provided, however that shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan are not subject to the one-year holding period. Our share repurchase plan limits repurchases during any calendar quarter to shares with an aggregate value (based on the repurchase price per share on the day the repurchase is effected) of 5% of the combined NAV of all classes of shares (including the Class E shares which are not eligible for repurchase) as of the last day of the previous calendar quarter, which means that in any 12-month period, we limit repurchases to approximately 20% of our total NAV. Moreover, until our total NAV has reached $600 million, repurchases for shares of all classes in the aggregate may not exceed 25% of the gross proceeds received by us from the commencement of this offering through the last day of the prior calendar quarter. The vast majority of our assets will consist of properties which cannot generally be liquidated quickly. Therefore, we may not always have sufficient liquid resources to satisfy repurchase requests. In order to provide liquidity for repurchases, we intend to generally maintain under normal circumstances an aggregate allocation to cash, cash equivalents and other short-term investments and certain types of real estate-related assets that can be liquidated more readily than properties of up to 15% of the overall value of our portfolio. Should repurchase requests, in the business judgment of our board of directors, place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations or risk having an adverse impact on stockholders whose shares are not repurchased, then our board of directors may modify or suspend our share repurchase plan if it deems such action to be in the best interest of our stockholders. See Share Repurchase PlanRepurchase Limitations. |
| Q: | Will I be notified of how my investment is doing? |
| A: | Yes. We will provide you with periodic updates on the performance of your investment with us, including: |
| |
three quarterly financial reports; |
| |
an annual report; |
| |
in the case of certain U.S. stockholders, an annual IRS Form 1099-DIV or Form 1099-B, if required, and, in the case of non-U.S. stockholders, an annual IRS Form 1042-S; and |
| |
a quarterly statement providing material information regarding your participation in the distribution reinvestment plan and an annual statement providing tax information with respect to income earned on shares under the plan for the calendar year. |
Depending on legal requirements, we will provide this information to you via one or more of the following methods:
| |
U.S. mail or other courier; |
8
| |
facsimile; |
| |
electronic delivery; and |
| |
posting on our website, www.lasalle.com/JLLIPT . |
In general, the above materials will be provided to you via U.S. mail unless you affirmatively elect to receive them via electronic delivery. If you do not elect to receive these materials via electronic delivery, we will mail to you only those materials which are required to be delivered to stockholders in hard copy form. We will not mail to you other reports we file with the SEC that are available to you on the SECs website at www.sec.gov .
| Q: | When will I get my detailed tax information? |
| A: | In the case of certain U.S. stockholders, your Forms 1099-DIV and 1099-B tax information, if required, will be mailed by February 15 of each year. |
| Q: | Where can I find updated information regarding the company? |
| A: | You may find updated information on our website, www.lasalle.com/JLLIPT . Information contained on our website does not constitute part of this prospectus. In addition, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, which requires us to file reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. See Where You Can Find More Information for a description of how you may read and copy the registration statement, the related exhibits and the reports, proxy statements and other information we file with the SEC. |
| Q: | Who can help answer my questions? |
| A: | If you have further questions about this offering or if you would like additional copies of this prospectus, you should contact your registered selling representative or our transfer agent at: |
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.
c/o DST Systems, Inc.
P.O. Box 219165
Kansas City, MO 64121-9165
Phone: (855) 652-0277
Fax: (855) 223-2473
9
This prospectus summary highlights certain information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. Because it is a summary, it may not contain all of the information that is important to you. To fully understand this offering, you should carefully read this entire prospectus, including the Risk Factors section.
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.
We own and manage a diversified portfolio of high quality, income-producing commercial real estate properties located primarily in the United States. We expect over time that our portfolio will be broadly diversified through the acquisition of additional properties outside of the United States. Although we intend to continue to invest primarily in real estate properties, we also intend to acquire debt and equity interests backed principally by real estate, which we refer to as real estate-related assets. As of June 30, 2012, we owned (i) interests in 31 consolidated properties located in ten states and one in Canada with an investment amount of approximately $802.0 million and comprising approximately 5.8 million net rentable square feet and (ii) interests in two unconsolidated properties located in two states with an investment amount of approximately $59.6 million and comprising approximately 881,000 net rentable square feet.
From our inception to June 30, 2012, we raised an aggregate of approximately $502.8 million in gross proceeds through private offerings of shares of our common stock. In addition to these private offerings, we expect that as of the commencement of this offering, affiliates of our sponsor, Jones Lang LaSalle, will have invested up to an aggregate of $60.2 million in our company through purchases of shares of our common stock prior to the commencement of this offering. As of the date of this prospectus, 4,603,884 shares of our common stock were outstanding held by a total of 1,762 stockholders. All of these outstanding shares are classified as Class E shares in order to distinguish them from the Class A and Class M shares offered in this offering. The Class E shares will convert automatically into Class M shares one year after the offering commencement date.
We intend to continue to operate in a manner to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. Our office is located at 200 East Randolph Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60601 and our main telephone number is (855) 652-0277.
Summary Risk Factors
An investment in shares of our common stock involves significant risks and is intended only for investors with a long-term investment horizon and who do not require immediate liquidity or guaranteed income. Some of the more significant risks relating to an investment in shares of our common stock include those listed below.
| |
Because we do not expect that there will ever be a public trading market for shares of our common stock, repurchase of shares by us will likely be the only way for you to dispose of your shares promptly. However, shares purchased in this offering are not eligible for repurchase for the first year after purchase except upon death or disability of a stockholder. In addition, our share repurchase plan limits repurchases each calendar quarter to an amount of shares of all classes with an aggregate value of 5% of the combined NAV of all classes of shares (including the Class E shares which are not eligible for repurchase) as of the last day of the previous calendar quarter, which means that in any 12-month period, we limit repurchases to approximately 20% of our total NAV. Moreover, until our total NAV has reached $600 million, repurchases for shares of all classes in the aggregate may not exceed 25% of the gross proceeds received by us from the commencement of this offering through the last day of the prior calendar quarter. The vast majority of our assets will consist of properties that cannot generally be liquidated quickly. Therefore, we may not have sufficient resources to satisfy repurchase requests. Our board of directors has the right to modify or suspend our share repurchase plan if it deems such action to be in the best interest of our stockholders. As a result, our shares should be considered as having limited liquidity and at times may be illiquid. |
10
| |
We have a history of operating losses and cannot assure you that we will achieve profitability. Since our inception in 2004, we have experienced net losses (calculated in accordance with GAAP) each fiscal year, except for 2005, and, as of June 30, 2012, we had an accumulated deficit of $147.7 million. The extent of our future operating losses and the timing of when we will achieve profitability are highly uncertain, and we may never achieve or sustain profitability. |
| |
The purchase and repurchase price for shares of our common stock will not be based on any established trading price. Your accepted subscription will be executed at a price equal to our NAV per share for the class of shares being purchased next determined after your subscription is received in proper form and processed. As a result, you will not know the purchase price per share at which your subscription will be executed at the time you submit your subscription and it could be higher than our NAV per share on the date you submitted your subscription. In addition, because stockholders will not know the repurchase price that will apply at the time repurchase requests are submitted, the repurchase price per share at which your repurchase is executed could be lower than our NAV per share on the date you submitted your repurchase request. |
| |
We are dependent upon our advisor to select our investments and conduct our operations. We will pay substantial fees to our advisor for these services. Because the agreement governing these services was not negotiated on an arms-length basis, these fees may exceed what we would pay to an independent third party. |
| |
Our advisor will face conflicts of interest as a result of, among other things, time constraints, allocation of investment opportunities and the fact that the fees it will receive for services rendered to us will be based on our NAV, which it is responsible for calculating. |
| |
Because valuation of our properties by Real Estate Research Corporation, our independent valuation advisor, is inherently subjective, our daily NAV may not accurately reflect the actual price at which these assets could be liquidated on any given day. Further, rapidly changing market conditions or material events may not be fully reflected in our daily NAV. The resulting potential disparity in our NAV may inure to the benefit of stockholders whose shares are repurchased or new purchasers of our common stock, depending on whether our published NAV per share for such class is overstated or understated. |
| |
The amount of distributions we may pay, if any, is uncertain. We may pay distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings or offering proceeds. |
| |
Our investments in properties may continue to be affected by the unfavorable economic conditions, which could further decrease the value of those assets and reduce our NAV. |
| |
Our use of leverage increases the risk of your investment and could hinder our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders. |
| |
You will not have the opportunity to evaluate future investments we will make with the proceeds raised from this offering prior to purchasing shares of our common stock. |
| |
If we fail to maintain our status as a REIT, our NAV and cash available for distribution to our stockholders could materially decrease. |
Class A and Class M Shares of Common Stock
We are offering to the public two classes of shares of our common stock: Class A shares and Class M shares. The table below summarizes the fees payable to our dealer manager with respect to the Class A and Class M shares and does not include the advisory fee payable to our advisor described below. The selling commission is a percentage of our NAV per Class A share on the date of purchase, and the dealer manager and
11
distribution fees accrue daily in an amount equal to 1/365th of the percentage of our NAV for such day set forth below on a continuous basis.
| Class A | Class M | |||||||
|
Selling Commission |
3.50 | % | None | |||||
|
Dealer Manager Fee |
0.55 | % | 0.55% | |||||
|
Distribution Fee |
0.50 | % | None | |||||
As a result of the different ongoing fees, each share class (including our Class E shares which are not being offered or sold in this offering) will have different NAV per share amounts. This will result in different amounts of distributions being paid with respect to each class of shares.
Class E Shares of Common Stock and Stock Dividend
The Class E shares are identical to the Class A and Class M shares sold in this offering except that (i) Class E shares will convert automatically into Class M shares one year after the offering commencement date and (ii) no selling commissions, dealer manager fees or distribution fees are paid with respect to the Class E shares. No Class E shares will be issued in this offering. The Class E shares are not eligible for repurchase pursuant to our share repurchase plan until they have converted into Class M shares and satisfied the one-year holding period applicable to all repurchases other than in connection with death or disability of a stockholder.
On or immediately prior to the offering commencement date, we will effectuate a stock dividend for each of our Class E shares in order to achieve an NAV per share for each of the Class A, Class M and Class E shares of $10.00. The actual number of shares to be issued in the stock dividend will be based on the NAV per Class E share as determined after the close of business on the day prior to the offering commencement date and will have the effect of increasing the total number of our outstanding shares of common stock. Accordingly, it will not affect any stockholders proportionate ownership of our outstanding shares.
Estimated Use of Proceeds
We estimate that after paying selling commissions and organization and offering expenses, the net proceeds from this offering will be $2,941,162,836, or approximately 98.0% of the gross proceeds from this offering, assuming that we sell the maximum primary offering amount and that 50% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering are from the sale of Class A shares and 50% are from the sale of Class M shares. We expect to use the net proceeds of this offering to (1) grow and further diversify our portfolio by making investments in accordance with our investment strategy and policies, (2) reduce borrowings and repay indebtedness incurred under various financing instruments and (3) fund repurchases under our share repurchase plan. Generally, our policy will be to pay distributions from cash flow from operations. However, our board of directors has the authority under our organizational documents, to the extent permitted by Maryland law, to fund distributions from other sources, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings, offering proceeds, and the deferral of fees and expense reimbursements by our advisor in its sole discretion. We have not established a limit on the amount of proceeds we may use from this offering to fund distributions. See Estimated Use of Proceeds.
Investment Objectives
Our primary investment objectives are to:
| |
generate an attractive level of current income for distribution to our stockholders; |
| |
preserve and protect our stockholders capital investments; |
| |
achieve appreciation of our NAV over time; and |
12
| |
enable stockholders to utilize real estate as an asset class in diversified, long-term investment portfolios. |
Investment Strategy
The cornerstone of our investment strategy is to provide investors seeking a general commercial real estate allocation with a broadly diversified portfolio of income-producing real estate properties and real estate-related assets. We believe that a broadly diversified portfolio may potentially offer investors significant benefits for a given level of risk relative to a more concentrated portfolio. We intend to achieve our investment objectives by selecting investments across property types and geographic regions in an attempt to achieve portfolio stability, diversification and favorable risk-adjusted returns. To a lesser degree, we also intend to invest in debt and equity interests backed principally by real estate, which we refer to collectively as real estate-related assets. Additionally, we believe that an allocation to international investments that meet our investment policies and objectives will contribute meaningfully to the diversification of our portfolio and the potential for achieving attractive returns. Since most real estate markets are cyclical in nature, we believe that a broadly diversified investment strategy, including exposure to investments outside the United States, will allow us to more effectively deploy capital into property types and geographies where the underlying investment fundamentals are relatively strong and away from those sectors where such fundamentals are relatively weak. We will employ a research-based investment philosophy focused on building a portfolio of commercial properties and real estate-related assets that we believe have the potential to out-perform the market averages over an extended holding period.
Our board of directors has adopted investment guidelines that will be implemented by our advisor. Our directors will formally review our investment guidelines on an annual basis and our portfolio on a quarterly basis or, in each case, more often as they deem appropriate. Changes to our investment guidelines must be approved by our board of directors. The investment guidelines delegate to our advisor the authority to execute (1) property acquisitions and dispositions and (2) investments in other real estate-related assets, in each case so long as such investments are consistent with the investment guidelines. Our board of directors will at all times have ultimate oversight over our investments and may change from time to time the scope of authority delegated to our advisor with respect to acquisition, disposition and investment transactions. See Investment Objectives and Strategy for more details regarding our investment strategy and guidelines.
Leverage
We expect to maintain a targeted leverage ratio of between approximately 30% and 50% of the gross value of our assets, inclusive of property and entity level debt from and after the date our aggregate NAV has increased to $800 million, which we refer to as the ramp-up period. During the ramp-up period, we intend to use lower amounts of leverage, if any, to finance our new acquisitions in order to reduce our overall portfolio leverage. As a result, as we progress toward our long-term target leverage ratio during the ramp-up period, we expect that our leverage will not exceed our most recently reported leverage ratio of 73% of the gross value of our assets as of June 30, 2012. Our board of directors may from time to time modify our borrowing policy in light of then-current economic conditions, the relative costs of debt and equity capital, the fair values of our properties, general conditions in the market for debt and equity securities, growth and acquisition opportunities or other factors. Our charter restricts the amount of indebtedness that we may incur to 300% of our net assets, which approximates 75% of the cost of our investments, but does not restrict the amount of indebtedness we may incur with respect to any single investment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, our aggregate indebtedness may exceed the limit set forth in our charter, but only if such excess is approved by a majority of our board, including a majority of our independent directors. As of June 30, 2012, our indebtedness expressed as a percentage of our net assets was 112%, or approximately 57% of the cost of our investments, which is in compliance with our charter. See Investment Objectives and StrategyBorrowing Policies for more details regarding our borrowing policies.
13
Fees and Expenses
We will pay our advisor and our dealer manager the fees and expense reimbursements described below in connection with performing services for us. We do not intend to pay acquisition, disposition or financing fees to our advisor in connection with the purchase or sale of our investments, although our charter authorizes us to do so.
|
Type of Compensation
|
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount |
||
| Organization and Offering Stage | ||||
| Selling Commissions Our Dealer Manager and Your Investment Advisor |
We will pay our dealer manager selling commissions of up to 3.5% of the NAV per Class A share on the date of purchase. All or a portion of the selling commissions may be waived at the discretion of our dealer manager, reallowed to participating broker-dealers or reduced for volume purchases.
We will not pay selling commissions with respect to purchases of Class M shares or shares of either class sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. |
The actual amount will depend on the number of Class A shares sold, the NAV per Class A share and the type of accounts that purchase Class A shares. Aggregate selling commissions will equal approximately $91,304,348, assuming that we sell the maximum offering, all shares sold are Class A shares, the maximum selling commission is paid for each primary offering share, our NAV per Class A share remains $10.00 and there is no reallocation of shares between our primary offering and our distribution reinvestment plan. | ||
| Dealer Manager Fee Our Dealer Manager and Your Investment Advisor |
We will pay our dealer manager a dealer manager fee that accrues daily in an amount equal to up to 1/365 th of 0.55% of our NAV for each of our outstanding Class A and Class M shares for such day on a continuous basis from year to year. We will cease paying the dealer manager fee with respect to shares sold in this offering on the date at which total underwriting compensation paid with respect to such shares equals 10% of the gross proceeds from the primary portion of this offering. Our dealer manager may reallow a portion of the dealer manager fee to participating broker-dealers that meet certain thresholds of our shares under management and certain other metrics. The dealer manager fee will be payable in arrears on a quarterly basis. Because the dealer manager fee is calculated based on our NAV, it reduces the NAV with respect to all outstanding Class A and Class M shares of our common stock, including Class A and Class M shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan.
We will not pay a dealer manager fee with respect to our Class E shares. |
Actual amounts depend upon our daily NAV and when Class A and Class M shares are purchased. The dealer manager fee will equal approximately $16,500,000 per annum, assuming that we sell the maximum offering on the offering commencement date, we do not repurchase any shares and our NAV per share remains $10.00 for both classes of shares. Based on these same assumptions, the aggregate dealer manager fee that will be paid over the initial two-year offering period will equal approximately $33,000,000. | ||
14
|
Type of Compensation
|
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount |
||
|
Distribution Fee Our Dealer Manager and Your Investment Advisor |
We will pay our dealer manager a distribution fee with respect to our outstanding Class A shares only that accrues daily in an amount equal to 1/365 th of 0.50% of the amount of our NAV for the outstanding Class A shares for such day on a continuous basis from year to year. We will cease paying the distribution fee with respect to shares sold in this offering on the date at which total underwriting compensation paid with respect to such shares equals 10% of the gross proceeds from the primary portion of this offering. The distribution fee will be payable in arrears on a quarterly basis. Our dealer manager may reallow the distribution fee to participating broker-dealers for services that such broker-dealers perform in connection with the distribution of the Class A shares. Because the distribution fee is calculated based on our NAV for all outstanding Class A shares, it reduces the NAV with respect to all Class A shares, including Class A shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan.
We will not pay a distribution fee with respect to Class M shares or Class E shares. |
Actual amounts depend upon our daily NAV, the number of Class A shares purchased and when shares are purchased. The distribution fee will equal approximately $14,493,000 per annum, assuming that we sell the maximum offering on the offering commencement date, all shares sold are Class A shares, we do not repurchase any shares and our NAV per Class A share remains $10.00. Based on these same assumptions, the aggregate distribution fee that will be paid over the initial two-year offering period will equal approximately $28,986,000. |
||
|
Organization and Offering Expense Reimbursement Our Dealer Manager and Our Advisor |
Our advisor and our dealer manager have agreed to fund our organization and offering expenses through the offering commencement date, following which time we will reimburse our advisor and our dealer manager for organization and offering expenses incurred prior to the commencement date over 36 months. Following the offering commencement date, we will pay directly, or reimburse our advisor and our dealer manager if they pay on our behalf, any organization and offering expenses incurred during the offering period (other than selling commissions, the dealer manager fee and distribution fees) as and when incurred. After the termination of the primary offering and again after termination of the offering under our distribution reinvestment plan, our advisor has agreed to reimburse us to the extent that the organization and offering expenses that we incur exceed 15% of our gross proceeds from the applicable offering. | Actual amounts depend upon the amount raised in this offering. We estimate our organization and offering expenses, including expenses incurred prior to the offering commencement date and during the initial two-year offering period, to be $13,184,990 if we sell the maximum offering. | ||
|
Acquisition Expense Reimbursement Our Advisor |
We will not pay our advisor any acquisition, financing or other similar fees in connection with making investments, though our charter authorizes us to do so. We will reimburse our advisor for out-of-pocket expenses in connection with the selection and acquisition of properties, real estate-related assets and other investments, whether or not such investments are acquired. |
The actual amount will depend upon actual expenses incurred and, therefore, cannot be determined at this time. |
||
15
|
Type of Compensation
|
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount |
||
| Operational Stage | ||||
|
Operating Expense Reimbursement Our Advisor |
We will reimburse our advisor for out-of-pocket expenses in connection with providing services to us, including our allocable share of our advisors overhead, such as rent, utilities and personnel costs for individuals who provide these services; provided, that our advisor does not currently intend to seek reimbursement for any portion of the compensation payable to our executive officers. If our advisor subsequently determines to seek reimbursement for personnel costs of individuals who serve as our executive officers, we will disclose any such reimbursements in our next quarterly or annual reports filed pursuant to SEC requirements. | Actual amounts are dependent upon actual expenses incurred and, therefore, cannot be determined at this time. | ||
|
Advisory Fee Our Advisor |
We will pay our advisor an advisory fee equal to (1) a fixed component that accrues daily in an amount equal to 1/365 th of 1.25% of our NAV for each class (Class A, Class M and Class E shares) for such day, which will be payable monthly in arrears and (2) a performance component calculated for each class (Class A, Class M and Class E shares) on the basis of the total return on that class in any calendar year, such that for any year in which our total return per share for such class exceeds 7% per annum, our advisor will receive 10% of the excess total return allocable to that class. In the event our NAV per share for any class of our common stock decreases below $10.00, the performance component will not be earned on any increase in NAV per share up to $10.00 with respect to that class. See ManagementThe Advisory AgreementAdvisory Fee and Expense Reimbursements. | Actual amounts depend upon our daily NAV per share and future distributions and, therefore, cannot be calculated at this time. | ||
Conflicts of Interest
Our advisor and its affiliates, officers and directors will experience conflicts of interests in connection with the management of our business, including those listed below.
| |
Our advisor must determine which investment opportunities are allocated to us and the other real estate funds and separate accounts advised or managed by our advisor or one of its affiliates, some of which may have investment objectives and strategies comparable to ours. |
| |
The managers, directors, officers and other personnel of our advisor must allocate their time between advising us and managing other real estate programs or business activities in which they may be involved. |
| |
The compensation payable by us to our advisor and our dealer manager may not be on terms that would result from arms-length negotiations between unaffiliated parties. |
| |
The advisory fee we pay to our advisor is based upon our NAV, which will be calculated by our advisor. Moreover, the calculation of NAV will be based in part on subjective judgments of our advisor, including estimates of fair value of particular assets, and therefore may not correspond to realizable value upon a sale of those assets. |
16
| |
Our dealer manager is an affiliate of our advisor, and the conflict of interest associated with calculating our NAV described above will also relate to the dealer manager fee and distribution fee we pay which is also based on our NAV. In addition, you do not have the benefit of an independent third-party due diligence review of this offering which would be available if we and the dealer manager were unaffiliated. |
| |
Our sponsor provides property management, leasing and other services to property owners, and currently provides certain of these services to us with respect to a portion of our properties, and we may engage our sponsor to perform additional property or construction management, leasing and other services for us. The fees, commissions and expense reimbursements paid to our sponsor in connection with these services are not determined with the benefit of arms length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties. |
Our charter contains provisions, and our advisor has adopted policies and procedures, that are designed to eliminate or mitigate many of the various conflicts of interest, including a prohibition on acquiring investments from, or selling investments to, any affiliate of our advisor. See Conflicts of Interest.
Our Board of Directors
We operate under the direction of our board of directors, the members of which are accountable to us and our stockholders as fiduciaries. Our board of directors has ultimate responsibility for our operations, governance, financial controls, compliance and disclosure. Our directors are elected annually by our stockholders. We have seven directors, four of whom are independent of us, our advisor and its affiliates. The names and biographical information of our directors are contained under ManagementDirectors and Executive Officers.
Our Sponsor
Jones Lang LaSalle (NYSE: JLL), our sponsor, is a global real estate services firm specializing in commercial property management, leasing and investment management with a portfolio of over 2.1 billion square feet worldwide. Jones Lang LaSalle provides real estate and investment management services to leading corporate and institutional owners and occupiers of real estate around the world. As of June 30, 2012, Jones Lang LaSalle had over 200 corporate offices and operations in more than 1,000 locations in 70 countries and approximately 45,500 employees worldwide. Where appropriate, our advisor will leverage the global resources of Jones Lang LaSalle, its parent company and our sponsor, to serve our investment goals and objectives.
Our Advisor
LaSalle Investment Management, Inc., our advisor, manages all of our day-to-day operations. Our advisor is responsible, subject to oversight by our board of directors, for sourcing our investment opportunities and for making decisions related to the acquisition, management and disposition of our assets, in accordance with our investment objectives, guidelines, policies and limitations. Our advisor has contractual and fiduciary responsibilities to us and our stockholders pursuant to an advisory agreement. For so long as the advisory agreement is in effect, our advisor has the right to nominate, subject to the approval of such nomination by our board of directors, three affiliated directors to the slate of directors to be voted on by the stockholders at our annual meeting of stockholders; provided, however, that such number of director nominees shall be reduced as necessary by a number that will result in a majority of directors being independent directors. Our board of directors must also consult with our advisor in connection with (i) its selection of each independent director for nomination to the slate of directors to be voted on at the annual meeting of stockholders, and (ii) filling any vacancies created by the removal, resignation, retirement or death of any director. See Management.
Our Dealer Manager
LaSalle Investment Management Distributors, LLC, our dealer manager, is distributing shares of our common stock in this offering on a best efforts basis. Our dealer manager is a recently formed entity that is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., or FINRA, and is an affiliate of our advisor. Our dealer manager will coordinate our distribution effort and manage our relationships with participating broker-dealers and provide assistance in connection with compliance matters relating to marketing the offering.
17
Stock Ownership by Our Sponsor and its Affiliates
An affiliate of Jones Lang LaSalle has held an initial investment of $10 million in shares of our common stock since December 2004, and another affiliate of Jones Lang LaSalle purchased an additional $200,000 in shares of our common stock in November 2011. On August 8, 2012, an affiliate of Jones Lang LaSalle purchased an additional $50 million of our common stock. The $50 million in shares issued in connection with this additional investment will not be eligible for repurchase pursuant to our share repurchase plan until the fifth anniversary of the purchase date and will be subject to certain limitations as to the amount eligible for repurchase until the seventh anniversary of the purchase date, provided that we will be obligated to repurchase the shares immediately upon request of the holder if an affiliate of our sponsor no longer serves as our advisor. See Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial OwnersOwnership by Our Sponsor and its Affiliates.
Our Structure
The following chart shows our current ownership structure and our relationship with our advisor and our dealer manager as of the commencement of this offering.
| (1) | Following the conversion of our Class E shares to Class M shares, no Class E shares will be issued and outstanding. |
| (2) | Includes entities controlled or managed by Jones Lang LaSalle. |
| (3) | As of the date of this prospectus, affiliates of Jones Lang LaSalle own approximately 21.5% of our outstanding common stock. Assuming we raise the maximum offering amount and that we do not repurchase any shares, we expect that affiliates of Jones Lang LaSalle will own approximately 1.8% of our outstanding common stock. |
18
Share Repurchase Plan
We expect that there will be no regular secondary trading market for shares of our common stock. While you should view your investment as long term with limited liquidity, we have adopted a share repurchase plan, whereby on a daily basis holders of Class A or Class M shares may request that we repurchase all or any portion of their shares. Although our share repurchase plan will begin on the offering commencement date, no shares may be repurchased within one year after the date of purchase, except for repurchases related to the death or disability of a stockholder. In addition, shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan are not subject to the one-year holding period. Our share repurchase plan limits repurchases during any calendar quarter to shares with an aggregate value (based on the repurchase price per share on the day the repurchase is effected) of 5% of the combined NAV of all classes of shares (including the Class E shares which are not eligible for repurchase) as of the last day of the previous calendar quarter, which means that in any 12-month period, we limit repurchases to approximately 20% of our total NAV. Moreover, until our total NAV has reached $600 million, repurchases for shares of all classes in the aggregate may not exceed 25% of the gross proceeds received by us from the commencement of this offering through the last day of the prior calendar quarter. As a result, the availability of repurchases prior to the conclusion of our ramp-up period will be dependent upon, among other things, the success of this offering. Class E shares are not eligible for repurchase until they have converted to Class M shares one year following the offering commencement date and satisfied the one-year holding period applicable for repurchases other than for death or disability of a stockholder. Due to the potential demand for liquidity from Class E holders, there may be less liquid resources available to fund repurchase requests from holders of Class A and Class M shares sold in this offering after the Class E shares have converted to Class M shares and become eligible for repurchase.
We may not always be able to repurchase your shares under the share repurchase plan. If a repurchase request is made and accepted, the repurchase price per share will be equal to our NAV per share on the date of repurchase of the class of shares being repurchased. The vast majority of our assets will consist of properties which cannot generally be liquidated quickly. Therefore, we may not always have sufficient liquid resources to satisfy repurchase requests. We intend to generally maintain under normal circumstances an aggregate allocation to cash, cash equivalents and other short-term investments and certain types of real estate-related assets that can be liquidated more readily than properties of up to 15% of the overall value of our portfolio. Should repurchase requests, in the business judgment of our board of directors, place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations or risk having an adverse impact on stockholders whose shares are not repurchased, then our board of directors may modify or suspend our share repurchase plan if it deems such action to be in the best interest of our stockholders. Our board of directors will assess the overall level of liquidity available in our portfolio and the need for available funds prior to taking any action that will result in limiting our repurchases. See Share Repurchase PlanRepurchase Limitations.
Distributions
We currently are, and expect that in the future we will continue to be, organized and operated in a manner intended to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We first elected REIT status for our taxable year ended December 31, 2004. In order to qualify as a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income to our stockholders. For these purposes, REIT taxable income is determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction and excludes net capital gain. Further, REIT taxable income does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP.
Commencing with the first calendar quarter after the offering commencement date, we intend to accrue and pay distributions on a quarterly basis. However, we reserve the right to adjust the periods during which distributions accrue and are paid. We expect that our board of directors will authorize a quarterly distribution of a certain dollar amount per share of common stock for each quarter. For purposes of calculating our NAV to account for any declared distributions, we will accrue as our liability on the day after the record date (the distribution adjustment
19
date) the amount of the declared distributions. Distributions will be payable only to stockholders of record on the business day immediately preceding the distribution adjustment date. See Share Repurchase Plan.
Our policy generally will be to pay distributions from cash flow from operations. However, we are authorized to fund distributions from any other source, including, without limitation, the proceeds of this offering, borrowings or the sale of properties or other investments. Distributions may constitute a return of capital. In each previous year in which we paid distributions, our total distributions for the year exceeded our GAAP earnings due to the fact that GAAP earnings are reduced by non-cash charges for depreciation and amortization expenses and impairment of real estate. For the same reasons, we anticipate that we will pay distributions in excess of our earnings in the future. We have not established a minimum distribution level. The amount of any distributions will be determined by our board of directors and will depend on, among other things, current and projected cash requirements, tax considerations and other factors deemed relevant by our board.
Our board of directors declared quarterly dividends for our stockholders equal to $0.55 per share for each of the third quarter of 2011 and the first and second quarters of 2012. In addition, on July 11, 2012, our board of directors declared a dividend of $0.55 per share to stockholders of record on September 28, 2012, payable on November 2, 2012. Although we historically have paid regular quarterly distributions beginning in the first full quarterly period following the initial closing of our first offering on December 23, 2004 through March 31, 2009, we did not pay distributions for the nine quarterly periods prior to September 30, 2011 in order to conserve our liquid resources, strengthen our balance sheet and protect the value of our investments during the economic downturn. See Selected Information Regarding Our OperationsDistribution Information. Any future distributions will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our earnings, financial condition, maintenance of our REIT status and such other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant from time to time.
Distribution Reinvestment Plan
Holders of Class A and Class M shares may elect to participate in our distribution reinvestment plan in order to have their cash distributions reinvested in additional shares of our common stock. If you participate in our distribution reinvestment plan, the cash distributions attributable to the class of shares that you own will be automatically invested in additional shares of the same class. Shares are offered pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan at the NAV per share applicable to that class, calculated as of the distribution date. Stockholders will not pay selling commissions when purchasing shares pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan. Holders of Class E shares are not eligible to participate in our distribution reinvestment plan. For the complete terms of the distribution reinvestment plan, see Appendix B to this prospectus.
20
Our Real Estate Properties
The following tables provide information regarding our consolidated and unconsolidated real estate properties as of June 30, 2012. All properties are 100% owned unless otherwise specified.
Consolidated Properties
|
Property Name (1) |
Location |
Net
Rentable Square Feet |
Leased as of
June 30, 2012 |
Original
Investment Amount (in thousands) |
% of Minimum Base
Rent as of June 30, 2012 (2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Monument IV at Worldgate |
Herndon, VA | 228,000 | 43 | % | $ | 59,600 | 3.8 | % | ||||||||||
|
Dignity Health Office Portfolio: |
||||||||||||||||||
|
300 Old River Road |
Bakersfield, CA | 37,000 | 100 | 6,800 | 0.9 | |||||||||||||
|
500 Old River Road |
Bakersfield, CA | 30,000 | 81 | 5,600 | 0.7 | |||||||||||||
|
500 West Thomas Road |
Phoenix, AZ | 169,000 | 89 | 32,000 | 3.2 | |||||||||||||
|
1500 South Central Ave |
Glendale, CA | 37,000 | 94 | 7,900 | 0.6 | |||||||||||||
|
14600 Sherman Way |
Van Nuys, CA | 50,000 | 80 | 9,100 | 1.1 | |||||||||||||
|
14624 Sherman Way |
Van Nuys, CA | 53,000 | 66 | 10,400 | 0.9 | |||||||||||||
|
18350 Roscoe Blvd |
Northridge, CA | 68,000 | 87 | 14,000 | 2.1 | |||||||||||||
|
18460 Roscoe Blvd |
Northridge, CA | 25,000 | 100 | 5,100 | 0.7 | |||||||||||||
|
18546 Roscoe Blvd |
Northridge, CA | 41,000 | 75 | 7,800 | 1.1 | |||||||||||||
|
4545 East Chandler |
Chandler, AZ | 49,000 | 60 | 7,800 | 0.8 | |||||||||||||
|
485 South Dobson |
Chandler, AZ | 43,000 | 63 | 10,000 | 0.6 | |||||||||||||
|
1501 North Gilbert |
Gilbert, AZ | 38,000 | 69 | 7,300 | 0.7 | |||||||||||||
|
116 South Palisade |
Santa Maria, CA | 33,000 | 95 | 4,900 | 0.8 | |||||||||||||
|
525 East Plaza |
Santa Maria, CA | 44,000 | 75 | 9,700 | 0.9 | |||||||||||||
|
10440 East Riggs |
Chandler, AZ | 40,000 | 54 | 5,400 | 0.5 | |||||||||||||
|
4 Research Park Drive |
St. Charles, MO | 60,000 | 100 | 11,300 | 1.3 | |||||||||||||
|
36 Research Park Drive |
St. Charles, MO | 81,000 | 100 | 17,300 | 1.8 | |||||||||||||
|
Canyon Plaza |
San Diego, CA | 199,000 | 100 | 55,000 | 5.8 | |||||||||||||
|
Railway Street Corporate Centre |
Calgary, Canada | 135,000 | 71 | 42,600 | 3.9 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
Total Office |
1,460,000 | $ | 329,600 | 32.2 | % | |||||||||||||
|
Marketplace at Northglenn (3) |
Northglenn, CO | 439,000 | 85 | % | $ | 91,500 | 7.4 | % | ||||||||||
|
Stirling Slidell Shopping Centre |
Slidell, LA | 139,000 | 72 | 23,100 | 1.8 | |||||||||||||
|
The District at Howell Mill (4) |
Atlanta, GA | 306,000 | 99 | 69,200 | 6.8 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
Total Retail |
884,000 | $ | 183,800 | 16.0 | % | |||||||||||||
|
105 Kendall Park Lane |
Atlanta, GA | 409,000 | 100 | 18,800 | 2.0 | |||||||||||||
|
4001 North Norfleet Road |
Kansas City, MO | 702,000 | 100 | 37,900 | 4.3 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
Total Industrial |
1,111,000 | $ | 56,700 | 6.3 | % | |||||||||||||
|
Station Nine Apartments |
Durham, NC | 312,000 | 85 | % | $ | 56,400 | 6.6 | % | ||||||||||
|
Cabana Beach San Marcos (5)(6) |
San Marcos, TX | 258,000 | 94 | 23,400 | 6.1 | |||||||||||||
|
Cabana Beach Gainesville (5)(6) |
Gainesville, FL | 598,000 | 89 | 58,700 | 10.1 | |||||||||||||
|
Campus Lodge Athens (5)(6) |
Athens, GA | 229,000 | 99 | 16,400 | 3.6 | |||||||||||||
|
Campus Lodge Columbia (5)(6) |
Columbia, MO | 256,000 | 90 | 19,600 | 5.9 | |||||||||||||
|
The Edge at Lafayette (5)(6) |
Lafayette, LA | 207,000 | 99 | 20,900 | 5.0 | |||||||||||||
|
Campus Lodge Tampa (5)(6) |
Tampa, FL | 477,000 | 97 | 36,500 | 8.2 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
Total Apartment |
2,337,000 | $ | 231,900 | 45.5 | % | |||||||||||||
|
Total |
5,792,000 | $ | 802,000 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
21
| (1) | As of June 30, 2012, no individual propertys book value exceeded 10% of our total assets, and no individual propertys gross revenues exceeded 10% of our gross revenues. |
| (2) | Percent of minimum base rent represents the propertys base rent (excluding above- and below-market lease amortization, tenant recoveries, percentage rents and straight-line rental income) divided by our total base rent for the six months ended June 30, 2012. |
| (3) | On July 11, 2012, we relinquished our ownership of this property to the lender through foreclosure in satisfaction of the mortgage. |
| (4) | We own an 88% interest in the joint venture that owns a fee interest in this property. |
| (5) | This apartment property is located near a university. The occupancy fluctuates during summer months due to leasing efforts before the school year. |
| (6) | We own a 78% interest in the joint venture that owns a fee interest in this property. The remaining 22% ownership interest is owned by an affiliate of LaSalle. |
Unconsolidated Properties
|
Property Name |
Type | Location |
Net Rentable
Square Feet |
Leased as of
June 30, 2012 |
Original
Investment Amount (in thousands) |
|||||||||||
|
Legacy Village (1) |
Retail | Lyndhurst, OH | 595,000 | 91 | % | $ | 35,000 | |||||||||
|
111 Sutter Street (2) |
Office | San Francisco, CA | 286,000 | 91 | 24,600 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
Total |
881,000 | $ | 59,600 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
| (1) | We own a 47% interest in the joint venture that owns a fee interest in this property. |
| (2) | We own an 80% interest in the joint venture that owns a fee interest in this property. |
Investment Company Act of 1940 Exemption
We intend to conduct our operations so that neither we, nor our subsidiaries are investment companies under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act.
Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuers total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. Excluded from the term investment securities, among other things, are U.S. government securities and securities issued by majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exception from the definition of investment company set forth in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.
We expect that neither we nor our subsidiaries will fall within the definition of investment company under Section 3(a)(1)(A). However, if we do fall within such definition, we believe that we and our subsidiaries would still qualify for the exclusion from the definition of investment company provided by Rule 3a-1 under the Investment Company Act. Rule 3a-1 generally provides that, notwithstanding Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act, an issuer will not be deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act provided that (1) it does not hold itself out as being engaged primarily, or propose to engage
22
primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities, and (2) on an unconsolidated basis except as otherwise provided no more than 45% of the value of its total assets, consolidated with the assets of any wholly owned subsidiary (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items), consists of, and no more than 45% of its net income after taxes, consolidated with the net income of any wholly owned subsidiary (for the last four fiscal quarters combined), is derived from, securities other than U.S. government securities, securities issued by employees securities companies, securities issued by certain majority owned subsidiaries of such company and securities issued by certain companies that are controlled primarily by such company. We believe that we will satisfy this exclusion, and we will monitor our holdings to ensure continuing and ongoing compliance with Rule 3a-1.
In addition, we believe we will not be considered an investment company under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act because we will not engage primarily or hold ourselves out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Rather, we will be primarily engaged in the non-investment company businesses of these subsidiaries, namely the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring real property, mortgages and other interests in real estate.
Qualification for exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act will limit our ability to make certain investments. If we were obligated to register as an investment company, we would have to comply with a variety of substantive requirements under the Investment Company Act that would restrict our activities and significantly increase our operating expenses. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our General Business Operations and Our Corporate StructureYour investment return may be reduced if we are deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
23
You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below as well as any cautionary language or other information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The risks discussed below are those that we consider to be the most significant to your decision whether to buy shares of our common stock.
Risks Related to Investing in Shares of Our Common Stock
There is no public trading market for shares of our common stock; therefore, your ability to dispose of your shares will likely be limited to the repurchase of shares by us which generally will not be available during the first year after you purchase your shares. If you do sell your shares to us, you may receive less than the price you paid.
There is no current public trading market for shares of our common stock, and we do not expect that such a public market will ever develop. Therefore, the repurchase of shares by us will likely be the only way for you to dispose of your shares. We will repurchase shares at a price equal to our NAV per share of the class of shares being repurchased on the date of repurchase, and not based on the price at which you initially purchased your shares. Shares are not eligible for repurchase for the first year after purchase except upon death or disability of a stockholder; provided, however, that shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan are not subject to the one-year holding period. In addition, we may repurchase your shares if you fail to maintain a minimum balance of $5,000 in shares, even if your failure to meet the minimum balance is caused solely by a decline in our NAV. As a result of these terms of our share repurchase plan, you may receive less than the price you paid for your shares when you sell them to us pursuant to our share repurchase plan.
Our ability to repurchase your shares may be limited, and our board of directors may modify or suspend our share repurchase plan at any time.
Our share repurchase plan limits the funds we may use to purchase shares each calendar quarter to 5% of the combined NAV of all classes of shares (including the Class E shares which are not eligible for repurchase) as of the last day of the previous calendar quarter, which means that in any 12-month period, we limit repurchases to approximately 20% of our total NAV. In addition, until our NAV first reaches $600 million, repurchases of shares of all classes in the aggregate will not exceed 25% of the gross proceeds received by us from the commencement of the offering through the last day of the prior calendar quarter. The vast majority of our assets will consist of properties that cannot generally be liquidated quickly. Therefore, we may not always have a sufficient amount of cash to immediately satisfy repurchase requests. Our board of directors may modify or suspend our share repurchase plan should repurchase requests, in the business judgment of our board of directors, place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our investment operations or pose a risk of having a material adverse impact on stockholders whose shares are not repurchased. Because our board of directors is not required to authorize the recommencement of the share repurchase plan within any specified period of time, our board or directors may effectively terminate the plan by suspending it indefinitely. As a result, your ability to have your shares repurchased by us may be limited and at times no liquidity may be available for your investment. See Share Repurchase PlanRepurchase Limitations.
We have a history of operating losses and cannot assure you that we will achieve profitability.
Since our inception in 2004, we have experienced net losses (calculated in accordance with GAAP) each fiscal year, except for 2005, and, as of June 30, 2012, we had an accumulated deficit of $147.7 million. The extent of our future operating losses and the timing of when we will achieve profitability are highly uncertain, and we may never achieve or sustain profitability.
The availability, timing and amount of cash distributions to you is uncertain.
Our board of directors declared quarterly dividends for our stockholders equal to $0.55 per share for each of the third quarter of 2011 and the first and second quarters of 2012. In addition, on July 11, 2012, our board of
24
directors declared a dividend of $0.55 per share to stockholders of record on September 28, 2012, payable on November 2, 2012. We historically paid quarterly distributions beginning in the first quarterly period following the initial closing of our first offering on December 23, 2004 through March 31, 2009, but we did not pay distributions for the nine quarterly periods prior to September 30, 2011. We bear all expenses incurred in our operations, which are deducted from cash funds generated from operations prior to computing the amount of cash for distribution to stockholders. In addition, our board of directors, in its discretion, may retain any portion of such funds for working capital or other purposes, which was the policy of our board of directors from 2004 through May 2009 when we suspended our distributions as a part of our cash conservation strategy adopted in response to the uncertain economic climate and extraordinary conditions in the commercial real estate industry.
Your overall return may be reduced if we pay distributions from sources other than our cash from operations.
To date, all of the distributions we have paid to stockholders have been funded through a combination of cash flow from our operations and borrowings. We may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to fully fund distributions to stockholders. Therefore, we may choose to use cash flows from financing activities, which include borrowings (including borrowings secured by our assets), net proceeds of this offering or other sources to fund distributions to our stockholders. We may be required to continue to fund our regular distributions from a combination of some of these sources if our investments fail to perform as anticipated, our expenses are greater than expected or due to numerous other factors. We have not established a limit on the amount of our distributions that may be paid from any of these sources. Using certain of these sources may result in a liability to us, which would require a future repayment. The use of these sources for distributions and the ultimate repayment of any liabilities incurred could adversely impact our ability to pay distributions in future periods, decrease our NAV, decrease the amount of cash we have available for operations and new investments and adversely impact the value of your investment in our shares of common stock.
You will not have the opportunity to evaluate future investments we will make with the proceeds raised in this offering prior to purchasing shares of our common stock.
We have not identified investments that we will make with the proceeds of this offering. As a result, you will not be able to evaluate the economic merits, transaction terms or other financial or operational data concerning our future investments prior to purchasing shares of our common stock. You must rely on our advisor and our board of directors to implement our investment policies, to evaluate our investment opportunities and to structure the terms of our investments. Because you cannot evaluate all of the investments we will make in advance of purchasing shares of our common stock, this additional risk may hinder your ability to achieve your own personal investment objectives related to portfolio diversification, risk-adjusted investment returns and other objectives.
This is a best efforts offering, and if we are unable to raise substantial funds, we will be limited in the number and type of investments we may make with the offering proceeds, which could negatively impact your investment.
This offering is being made on a best efforts basis, whereby the broker-dealers participating in the offering are only required to use their best efforts to sell shares of our common stock and have no firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of the shares of our common stock available in this offering. If we are unable to raise substantial funds, our fixed operating expenses as a percentage of gross income could increase, and our financial condition and ability to pay distributions could be adversely affected.
Our dealer manager has no operating history and our ability to implement our investment strategy is dependent, in part, upon the ability of our dealer manager to successfully conduct this offering, which makes an investment in us more speculative.
We have retained LaSalle Investment Management Distributors, LLC, an affiliate of our advisor, to conduct this offering. LaSalle Investment Management Distributors, LLC is a recently formed entity and this is the first
25
public offering for which it has served as the dealer manager. The success of this offering, and our ability to implement our business strategy, is dependent upon the ability of our dealer manager to build and maintain a network of broker-dealers to sell our shares to their clients. If our dealer manager is not successful in establishing, operating and managing this network of broker-dealers, our ability to raise proceeds through this offering will be limited and we may not have adequate capital to execute our investment strategy. If we are unsuccessful in executing our investment strategy, you could lose all or a part of your investment.
The performance component of the advisory fee is calculated on the total return to stockholders of each class of our common stock over a calendar year, so it may differ among classes and it may not be consistent with the return on our shares over a longer or shorter time frame.
The performance component of the advisory fee is calculated on the total return to stockholders for each class of our common stock over a calendar year. As a result, our advisor may be entitled to receive the performance component with respect to one class of shares but not another and may be entitled to receive compensation under the performance component of the advisory fee for a given year even if some of our stockholders who purchased shares during such year experienced a decline in NAV per share. Similarly, stockholders who request that we repurchase their shares during a given year may have their shares repurchased at a lower NAV per share as a result of an accrual for the estimated performance component of the advisory fee, even if no performance component is ultimately payable to our advisor at the end of such calendar year. In addition, if the NAV of our classes of common stock remains above certain threshold levels, our advisors ability to earn the performance fee in any year will not be affected by poor performance in prior years. Furthermore, the advisor will not be obligated to return any portion of advisory fees paid based on our subsequent performance. See ManagementThe Advisory Agreement.
Valuations and appraisals of our properties and real estate-related assets are estimates of fair value and may not necessarily correspond to realizable value.
For the purposes of calculating our NAV after the close of business on each business day, our properties will initially be valued at cost upon their acquisition which we expect to represent fair value at that time. Thereafter, valuations of properties, which will be based in part on appraisals of each of our properties by our independent valuation advisor at least once during every calendar quarter after the first full calendar quarter in which we owned each respective property, will be performed in accordance with our valuation guidelines. Likewise, our investments in real estate-related assets will initially be valued at cost upon their acquisition, and thereafter will be valued quarterly, or in the case of liquid securities, daily, as applicable, at fair value. See Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Guidelines. Within the parameters of our valuation guidelines, the valuation methodologies used to value our properties will involve subjective judgments regarding such factors as comparable sales, rental and operating expense data, the capitalization or discount rate, and projections of future rent and expenses based on appropriate analysis. Valuations and appraisals of our properties and real estate-related assets will be only estimates of fair value. Ultimate realization of the value of an asset depends to a great extent on economic and other conditions beyond our control and the control of our advisor and independent valuation advisor. Further, valuations do not necessarily represent the price at which an asset would sell, since market prices of assets can only be determined by negotiation between a willing buyer and seller. Therefore, the valuations of our properties and our investments in real estate-related assets may not correspond to the timely realizable value upon a sale of those assets. There will be no retroactive adjustment in the valuation of such assets, the price of our shares of common stock, the price we paid to repurchase shares of our common stock or NAV-based fees we paid to our advisor and dealer manager to the extent such valuations prove to not accurately reflect the true estimated value and are not a precise measure of realizable value. Because the price you will pay for shares of our common stock in this offering, and the price at which your shares may be repurchased by us pursuant to our share repurchase plan, are based on our estimated NAV per share, you may pay more than realizable value or receive less than realizable value for your investment.
26
No rule, regulation, or industry practice requires that we calculate our NAV in a certain way, and our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, may adopt changes to our valuation guidelines.
There are no existing rules or regulatory bodies that specifically govern the manner in which we calculate our NAV and there is no established practice among public REITs, whether listed or not, for calculating NAV in order to establish a purchase and repurchase price. As a result, it is important that you pay particular attention to the specific methodologies and assumptions we use to calculate our NAV, as other public REITs may use different methodologies or assumptions to determine their NAV. In addition, our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, will review the appropriateness of our valuation guidelines at least annually and may, at any time, adopt changes to our valuation guidelines. See Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Guidelines for more details regarding our valuation guidelines.
Our NAV per share may suddenly change if the appraised values of our properties materially change from prior appraisals or the actual operating results for a particular month differ from what we originally budgeted for that month.
Each of our properties will be appraised at least once per quarter and, under normal circumstances, will not be appraised more frequently than once per quarter. As such, when these appraisals are reflected in our NAV calculation, there may be a sudden change in our NAV per share for each class of our common stock. In addition, actual operating results for a given month may differ from what we originally budgeted for that month, which may cause a sudden increase or decrease in the NAV per share amounts. We will accrue estimated income and expenses on a daily basis based on our budgets. As soon as practicable after the end of each month, we will adjust the income and expenses we estimated for that month to reflect the income and expenses actually earned and incurred. We will not retroactively adjust the NAV per share of each class for each day of the previous month. Therefore, because the actual results from operations may be better or worse than what we previously budgeted for a particular month, the adjustment to reflect actual operating results may cause the NAV per share for each class of our common stock to increase or decrease, and such increase or decrease will occur on the day the adjustment is made.
The NAV per share that we publish may not necessarily reflect changes in our NAV that are not immediately quantifiable.
From time to time, we may experience events with respect to our investments that may have a material impact on our NAV. For example, an unexpected termination or renewal of a material lease, a material change in vacancies or an unanticipated structural or environmental event at a property may cause the value of a property to change materially. The NAV per share of each class of our common stock as published on any given day may not reflect such extraordinary events to the extent that their financial impact is not immediately quantifiable. As a result, the NAV per share of each class published after the announcement of a material event may differ significantly from our actual NAV per share for such class until such time as the financial impact is quantified and our NAV is appropriately adjusted in accordance with our valuation guidelines. The resulting potential disparity in our NAV may inure to the benefit of stockholders whose shares are repurchased or new stockholders, depending on whether our published NAV per share for such class is overstated or understated.
Due to daily fluctuations in our NAV, the price at which your purchase is executed could be higher than our NAV per share at the time you submit your subscription, and the price at which your repurchase is executed could be lower than our NAV per share at the time you submit your repurchase request.
The purchase and repurchase price for shares of our common stock will not be based on any established trading price. Your accepted subscription will be executed at a price equal to our NAV per share for the class of shares being purchased next determined after your subscription is received in proper form and processed, plus, for Class A shares only, any applicable selling commissions. As a result of this process, you will not know the purchase price per share at which your subscription will be executed at the time you submit your subscription. The purchase price per share at which your subscription is executed could be higher than the NAV per share on
27
the date you submitted your subscription. For example, if a subscription is processed and accepted on a business day and before the close of business (4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on that day, the subscription will be executed at a purchase price equal to our NAV per share for the class of shares being purchased determined after the close of business on that day, plus, for Class A shares, any applicable selling commissions. If a subscription is processed and accepted on a business day, but after the close of business on that day, the subscription will be executed at a purchase price equal to our NAV per share for the class of shares being purchased determined after the close of business on the next business day, plus, for Class A shares only, any applicable selling commissions. See Plan of DistributionBuying Shares. Similarly, received and processed repurchase requests will be effected at a repurchase price equal to the next-determined NAV per share for the class of shares being repurchased. See Share Repurchase PlanGeneral. Investors who subscribe for shares will not know the purchase price at the time they submit their subscription. Because stockholders will not know the repurchase price that will apply at the time that repurchase requests are submitted, the repurchase price per share at which your repurchase request is executed could be lower than the NAV per share on the date you submitted your repurchase request.
We have broad discretion in how we use the proceeds from this offering, and we may use the proceeds in ways with which you disagree.
We expect to use the net proceeds of this offering to (1) grow and further diversify our portfolio by making investments in accordance with our investment strategy and policies, (2) reduce borrowings and repay indebtedness incurred under various financing instruments and (3) fund repurchases under our share repurchase plan. See Estimated Use of Proceeds. We have not allocated specific amounts of the net proceeds from this offering for any specific purpose. Accordingly, our management will have significant flexibility in applying the net proceeds of this offering, including the ability to apply net proceeds to the payment of distributions. You will be relying on the judgment of our management with regard to the use of these net proceeds, and you will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. In addition, it is possible that the net proceeds will be invested in a way that does not yield a favorable, or any, return for us or our stockholders. The failure of our management to use such funds effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.
Future offerings of debt securities, which would be senior to our common stock upon liquidation, or equity securities, which would dilute our existing stockholders and may be senior to our common stock for the purposes of distributions, may adversely affect the value of our common stock.
In the future, we may attempt to increase our capital resources by making additional offerings of debt or equity securities, including medium term notes, senior or subordinated notes and classes of preferred or common stock. Upon liquidation, holders of our debt securities and shares of preferred stock and lenders with respect to other borrowings will receive a distribution of our available assets prior to the holders of our common stock.
Additionally, holders of our common stock will not have preemptive rights to any shares we issue in the future. Our charter authorizes us to issue 100 million shares of capital stock. Our board of directors may amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of authorized shares of capital stock or the number of authorized shares of capital stock of any class or series without stockholder approval. After you purchase shares of our common stock in this offering, our board of directors may elect, without stockholder approval, to: (1) sell additional shares in this or future public offerings; (2) issue equity interests in private offerings; (3) issue shares upon the exercise of the options we may grant to our independent directors or future employees; or (4) issue shares to our advisor, or its successors or assigns, in payment of an outstanding obligation to pay fees for services rendered to us or to reimburse expenses paid on our behalf. Because our decision to issue securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing or nature of our future offerings. Thus, our stockholders bear the risk of our future offerings reducing the market price of our common stock and diluting their proportionate ownership.
28
A portion of the proceeds raised in this offering may be used to repurchase Class M shares that are issued upon conversion of our outstanding Class E shares, which are not being sold in this offering, and could reduce the amount of offering proceeds that would otherwise be available to acquire additional properties or other investments.
Stockholders who purchased shares of our common stock in our private placements prior to the commencement of this offering, which we refer to as our private placement stockholders, will hold Class E shares in connection with the designation of our outstanding and undesignated shares of common stock into Class E shares that will occur prior to the commencement of this offering. The Class E shares convert automatically into Class M shares one year after the offering commencement date, based on a conversion ratio related to the relative NAV per share of the Class E shares to Class M shares, which we expect to be approximately 1:1. The Class M shares issued to the private placement stockholders will become eligible for repurchase under our share repurchase plan one year after the conversion date, or sooner in the event of a stockholders death or disability. From and after the date upon which the Class E shares held by our private placement stockholders become eligible for repurchase, a portion of the proceeds received from the sale of Class A and Class M shares in this offering may be used to repurchase the Class M shares that are issued upon conversion of the Class E shares. As a result, when the Class E shares convert to Class M shares and become eligible for repurchase pursuant to our share repurchase plan, there may be demand from the private placement stockholders for us to repurchase their shares. We plan to use a portion of the proceeds from this offering to satisfy future repurchase requests of private placement stockholders once their Class E shares convert to Class M shares and they have met the applicable holding period. As a result, we may have less offering proceeds available from and after the date such shares become eligible for repurchase to acquire additional properties or other investments, which may reduce the total return on your investment.
If demand for the repurchase of Class M shares that are issued upon conversion of our outstanding Class E shares is significant, we may receive repurchase requests in a given quarter in excess of the share repurchase limit for that quarter, which could substantially reduce your ability to have your shares repurchased.
Our share repurchase plan limits the amount of funds we may use to repurchase shares each calendar quarter to 5% of the combined NAV of all classes of shares as of the last day of the previous calendar quarter. In addition, until our NAV first reaches $600 million, repurchases of shares of all classes in the aggregate will not exceed 25% of the gross proceeds received by us from the commencement of the offering through the last day of the prior calendar quarter. From and after the date upon which the Class E shares held by our private placement stockholders have converted to Class M shares and have met the one-year holding period, there may be significant demand from the private placement stockholders for us to repurchase their shares pursuant to our share repurchase plan. As such, we may receive repurchase requests in a given quarter that exceed the repurchase limit for that quarter, in which case any available funds on the first such date during the quarter in which the repurchase limit is reached would be allocated pro rata based on the total number of shares of common stock subject to pending repurchase requests. As a result, the liquidity available to stockholders whose shares have not been repurchased, including shares sold in this offering, may be substantially reduced. See Share Repurchase PlanRepurchase Limitations.
If you purchase shares of common stock in this offering, you may experience immediate dilution in the net tangible book value per share.
Net tangible book value is used as a measure of net worth that reflects certain dilution in the value of our common stock from the issue price as a result of (i) accumulated depreciation and amortization of real estate investments, (ii) fees paid in connection with this offering and (iii) the fees and expenses paid to our advisor and its affiliates in connection with the selection, acquisition, management and sale of our investments. Net tangible book value does not reflect our estimated value per share nor does it necessarily reflect the value of our assets upon an orderly liquidation of the company in accordance with our investment objectives. As of June 30, 2012, our net tangible book value per share, as adjusted for the stock dividend we intend to effect on or immediately
29
prior to the offering commencement date for the Class E shares, was $7.23, calculated as our net tangible book value as of June 30, 2012 divided by the 4,154,356 shares of our common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2012, as compared to our initial offering price $10.00 per share pursuant to this offering. See Dilution.
Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest
Our advisor will face a conflict of interest with respect to the allocation of investment opportunities and competition for tenants between us and other real estate programs that it advises.
Our advisors officers and key real estate professionals will identify potential investments in properties and other real estate-related assets which are consistent with our investment guidelines for our possible acquisition. However, our advisor may not acquire an investment in a property unless it has reviewed and approved presenting it to us in accordance with its allocation policies. LaSalle and its affiliates will advise other investment programs that invest in properties and real estate-related assets in which we may be interested. LaSalle could face conflicts of interest in determining which programs will have the opportunity to acquire and participate in such investments as they become available. As a result, other investment programs advised by LaSalle may compete with us with respect to certain investments that we may want to acquire.
In addition, we may acquire properties in geographic areas where other investment programs advised by LaSalles own properties. Therefore, our properties may compete for tenants with other properties owned by such investment programs. If one of such investment programs attracts a tenant that we are competing for, we could suffer a loss of revenue due to delays locating another suitable tenant.
Our advisor will face a conflict of interest because the fees it will receive for services performed are based on our NAV, which will be calculated by our advisor.
Our advisor will be paid a fee for its services based on our daily NAV, which will be calculated by our advisor in accordance with our valuation guidelines. The calculation of our NAV in accordance with our valuation guidelines includes certain subjective judgments of our advisor and our independent valuation advisor, including estimates of fair value of particular assets, and therefore may not correspond to realizable value upon a sale of those assets. If our NAV is calculated in a way that is not reflective of our actual NAV, then the purchase price of shares of our common stock on a given date may not accurately reflect the value of our portfolio, and your shares may be worth less than the purchase price.
Our advisors management personnel face conflicts of interest relating to time management and there can be no assurance that our advisors management personnel will devote adequate time to our business activities or that our advisor will be able to hire adequate additional employees.
All of our advisors management personnel, other employees, affiliates and related parties may also provide services to other affiliated entities of our advisor. We are not able to estimate the amount of time that such management personnel will devote to our business. As a result, certain of our advisors management personnel may have conflicts of interest in allocating their time between our business and their other activities which may include advising and managing various other real estate programs and ventures, which may be numerous and may change as programs are closed or new programs are formed. During times of significant activity in other programs and ventures, the time they devote to our business may decline and be less than we would require. There can be no assurance that our advisors affiliates will devote adequate time to our business activities or that our advisor will be able to hire adequate additional employees.
30
Our advisor and its affiliates, including our officers and some of our directors, face conflicts of interest caused by compensation arrangements with us and other LaSalle affiliated entities, which could result in actions that are not in our stockholders best interests.
Our advisor and its affiliates receive substantial fees from us in return for their services and these fees could influence our advisors advice to us. Among other matters, the compensation arrangements could affect their judgment with respect to:
| |
the continuation, renewal or enforcement of our agreements with our advisors and its affiliates, including the advisory agreement and the agreement with our dealer manager; |
| |
the decision to adjust the value of our real estate portfolio or the value of certain portions of our portfolio of other real estate-related assets, or the calculation of our NAV; |
| |
public offerings of equity by us, which may result in increased advisory fees of the advisor; |
| |
competition for tenants from affiliated programs that own properties in the same geographic area as us; and |
| |
asset sales, which may allow LaSalle or its affiliate to earn disposition fees and commissions. |
We currently have, and may enter into, agreements with our sponsor to perform certain services for our real estate portfolio.
Our sponsor provides property management, leasing and other services to property owners, and currently provides certain services to us with respect to a portion of our properties, and we may engage our sponsor to perform additional property or construction management, leasing and other services related to our real estate portfolio. The fees, commissions and expense reimbursements paid to our sponsor in connection with these services have not and will not be determined with the benefit of arms length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.
The time and resources that LaSalle affiliated entities devote to us may be diverted and we may face additional competition due to the fact that LaSalle affiliated entities are not prohibited from raising money for another entity that makes the same types of investments that we target.
LaSalle affiliated entities are not prohibited from raising money for another investment entity that makes the same types of investments as those we target. As a result, the time and resources they could devote to us may be diverted. In addition, we may compete with any such investment entity for the same investors and investment opportunities. We may also co-invest with any such investment entity. Even though all such co-investments will be subject to approval by our independent directors, they could be on terms not as favorable to us as those we could achieve co-investing with a third party.
Our advisor may have conflicting fiduciary obligations if we acquire properties with its affiliates or other related entities; as a result, in any such transaction we may not have the benefit of arms-length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.
Our advisor may cause us to acquire an interest in a property from its affiliates or through a joint venture with its affiliates or to dispose of an interest in a property to its affiliates. In these circumstances, our advisor will have a conflict of interest when fulfilling its fiduciary obligation to us. In any such transaction we may not have the benefit of arms-length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.
The fees we pay to affiliates in connection with our offerings of securities and in connection with the management of our investments were not determined on an arms length basis, and therefore, we do not have the benefit of arms length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.
Our advisor, our dealer manager and other affiliates, including our sponsor, have earned and will continue to earn fees, commissions and expense reimbursements from us. The fees, commissions and expense
31
reimbursements paid and to be paid to our advisor, our dealer manager and other affiliates for services they provided us in connection with this offering were determined without the benefit of arms length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties. See Conflicts of Interest.
Our executive officers, our affiliated directors and the key real estate professionals acting on behalf of our advisor face conflicts of interest related to their positions or interests in affiliates of our advisor, which could hinder our ability to implement our business strategy and to generate returns to our stockholders.
Our executive officers, our affiliated directors and the key real estate professionals acting on behalf of our advisor are also involved in the management of other real estate businesses, including other LaSalle affiliated entities, and separate accounts established for institutional investors, each of which invests in the real estate or real estate-related assets. As a result, they owe fiduciary duties to each of these entities and their investors, which fiduciary duties may from time to time conflict with the fiduciary duties that they owe to us and our stockholders. Their loyalties to these other entities and investors could result in action or inaction that is detrimental to our business, which could harm the implementation of our investment strategy. These individuals face conflicts of interest in allocating their time among us and such other funds, investors and activities. These conflicts of interest could cause these individuals to allocate less of their time to us than we may require, which may adversely impact our operations.
You will not have the benefit of an independent due diligence review in connection with this offering, which increases the risk of your investment.
Because our dealer manager is an affiliate of our advisor, investors will not have the benefit of an independent due diligence review and investigation of type normally conducted by an unaffiliated, independent underwriter in connection with a securities offering. The absence of a due diligence review of us and this offering by an independent underwriter increases the risk you face as a stockholder.
Risks Related to Adverse Changes in General Economic Conditions
Changes in global economic and capital markets conditions, including periods of generally deteriorating real estate industry fundamentals, may significantly affect our results of operations and returns to our stockholders.
We are subject to risks generally incident to the ownership of real estate-related assets, including changes in global, national, regional or local economic, demographic and real estate market conditions, as well as other factors particular to the locations of our investments. A prolonged recession, such as the one experienced over the past few years, and a prolonged recovery period could adversely impact our investments as a result of, among other items, increased tenant defaults under our leases, lower demand for rentable space, as well as potential oversupply of rentable space, each of which could lead to increased concessions, tenant improvement expenditures or reduced rental rates to maintain occupancies. These conditions could also adversely impact the financial condition of the tenants that occupy our real properties and, as a result, their ability to pay us rents.
In addition, we believe the risks associated with our business are more severe during periods of economic slowdown or recession if these periods are accompanied by deteriorating fundamentals and declining values in the real estate industry. Because many of our debt related investments consist of mortgages secured by real property, these same conditions could also adversely affect the underlying borrowers and collateral of assets that we own. Declining values and deteriorating real estate fundamentals would also likely reduce the level of new mortgage loan originations, since borrowers often use increases in the value of their existing properties to support the purchase of, or investment in, additional properties. Furthermore, borrowers may not be able to pay principal and interest on our loans. Declining real estate values also significantly increases the likelihood that we will incur losses on our debt investments in the event of a default because the value of our collateral may be insufficient to cover some or all of our basis in the investment.
32
We have recorded impairments of our real estate as a result of such conditions. To the extent that the general economic slowdown is further prolonged or becomes more severe or real estate fundamentals deteriorate further, it may have a significant and adverse impact on our revenues, results from operations, financial condition, liquidity, overall business prospects and ultimately our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders. We have taken significant measures, including selective property dispositions, to conserve cash and preserve our liquidity. There can be no assurance that our cash conservation strategy will be sufficient, and we may be required to engage in additional property dispositions to preserve our liquidity. In this regard, to the extent the availability of credit remains tight, this may have a negative impact on the price we receive for any property disposition we undertake.
Recent market conditions and the risk of continued market deterioration have caused and may continue to cause the value of our real estate investments to be reduced.
The current economic environment and credit market conditions have impacted the performance and value our real estate investments. Since 2008, our NAV per share of common stock has been as high as $124.65 per share and as low as $47.69 per share, or, adjusting for the stock dividend we intend to effect on or immediately prior to the offering commencement date, approximately $24.93 to $9.54. See Selected Information Regarding Our OperationsHistorical NAV Per Share. If the current economic or real estate environment were to worsen in the markets where our properties are located, our NAV per share may experience more volatility or further decline as a result. Continued volatility in the fair value and operating performance of commercial real estate has made estimating cash flows from our real estate investments increasingly difficult, since such estimates are dependent upon our judgment regarding numerous factors, including, but not limited to, current and potential future refinancing availability, fluctuations in regional or local real estate values and fluctuations in regional or local rental or occupancy rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses.
We cannot assure our stockholders that we will not have to realize or record additional impairment charges, or experience disruptions in cash flows and/or permanent losses related to our real estate investments or decreases in our NAV per share in future periods. In addition, to the extent that the current volatile market conditions persist and/or deteriorate further, these conditions would continue to adversely impact our ability to potentially sell our real estate investments at a price and with terms acceptable to us or at all.
Economic events that may cause our stockholders to request that we repurchase their shares may materially adversely affect our cash flow and our ability to achieve our investment objectives.
Economic events affecting the U.S. and global economies, such as the general negative performance of the real estate sector, could cause our stockholders to seek to repurchase their shares to us pursuant to our share repurchase plan. Our share repurchase plan limits the amount of funds we may use for repurchases during each calendar quarter to 5% of the combined NAV of all classes of shares (including the Class E shares which are not eligible for repurchase) as of the last day of the previous calendar quarter. In addition, until our total NAV first reaches $600 million, repurchases for shares of all classes in the aggregate will not exceed 25% of the gross proceeds received by us from the commencement of the offering through the last day of the prior calendar quarter. Even if we are able to satisfy all resulting repurchase requests, our cash flow could be materially adversely affected. In addition, if we determine to sell assets to satisfy repurchase requests, our ability to achieve our investment objectives, including, without limitation, diversification of our portfolio by property type and location, moderate financial leverage, conservative operating risk and an attractive level of current income, could be adversely affected.
Inflation or deflation may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Increased inflation could have an adverse impact on our floating rate mortgages and interest rates and general and administrative expenses, as these costs could increase at a rate higher than our rental and other revenue. Inflation could also have an adverse effect on consumer spending which could impact our tenants revenues and, in turn, our percentage rents, where applicable. Conversely, deflation could lead to downward pressure on rents and other sources of income.
33
Risks Related to Our General Business Operations and Our Corporate Structure
We depend on our advisor, the key personnel of our advisor and our dealer manager and we may not be able to secure suitable replacements in the event that we fail to retain their services.
Our success is dependent upon our relationships with, and the performance of, our advisor, the key real estate professionals of our advisor and our dealer manager in the marketing and distribution of this offering, the acquisition and management of our investment portfolio and our corporate operations. Any of these parties may suffer or become distracted by adverse financial or operational problems in connection with their business and activities unrelated to us and over which we have no control. Should any of these parties fail to allocate sufficient resources to perform their responsibilities to us for any reason, we may be unable to achieve our investment objectives. In the event that, for any reason, our advisory agreement or dealer manager agreement is terminated, or our advisor is unable to retain its key personnel, it may be difficult for us to secure suitable replacements on acceptable terms, which would adversely impact the value of your investment.
Our advisors inability to retain the services of key real estate professionals could negatively impact our performance.
Our success depends to a significant degree upon the contributions of certain key real estate professionals employed by our advisor, each of whom would be difficult to replace. Neither we nor our advisor have employment agreements with these individuals and they may not remain associated with us or our advisor. If any of these persons were to cease their association with us or our advisor, our operating results could suffer. Our future success depends, in large part, upon our sponsors ability to attract and retain highly skilled managerial, operational and marketing professionals. If our sponsor loses or is unable to obtain the services of highly skilled professionals, our ability to implement our investment strategies could be delayed or hindered.
If we internalize our management functions, the percentage of our outstanding common stock owned by our existing stockholders could be reduced, we could incur other significant costs associated with being self-managed, and any internalization could have other adverse effects on our business and financial condition.
At some point in the future, we may consider internalizing the functions performed for us by our advisor. The method by which we could internalize these functions could take many forms. We may hire our own group of executives and other employees or we may acquire a subsidiary or division of our advisor that has performed services for us pursuant to our advisory agreement, including its existing workforce. Any internalization transaction could result in significant payments to the owners of our advisor, including in the form of our common stock, which could reduce the percentage ownership of our then existing stockholders and increase the percentage ownership held by our advisor and its affiliates. In addition, there is no assurance that internalizing our management functions will be beneficial to us and our stockholders. For example, we may not realize the perceived benefits because of the costs of being self-managed; we may not be able to properly integrate a new staff of managers and employees; or we may not be able to effectively replicate the services provided previously by our advisor and its affiliates. Internalization transactions have also, in some cases, been the subject of litigation. Even if these claims are without merit, we could be forced to spend significant amounts of money defending claims which would reduce the amount of funds available for us to invest in real estate assets or to pay distributions.
We are required to pay substantial compensation to our advisor and its affiliates, which may be increased or decreased during this offering or future offerings by a majority of our board of directors, including a majority of the independent directors.
Pursuant to our agreements with our advisor and its affiliates, including our sponsor, we are obligated to pay substantial compensation to our advisor and its affiliates. Subject to limitations in our charter, the fees, expense reimbursements and other payments that we are required to pay to our advisor and its affiliates may increase or decrease during this offering or future offerings from those described elsewhere in this prospectus if such change
34
is approved by a majority of our board of directors, including a majority of the independent directors. See ManagementThe Advisory Agreement. These payments to our advisor and its affiliates will decrease the amount of cash we have available for operations and new investments and could negatively impact our NAV, our ability to pay distributions and your overall return.
We may change our investment and operational policies without stockholder consent.
Except for changes to the investment objectives and investment restrictions contained in our charter, which require stockholder consent to amend, we may change our investment and operational policies, including our policies with respect to investments, operations, indebtedness, capitalization and distributions, at any time without the consent of our stockholders, which could result in our making investments that are different from, and possibly riskier or more highly leveraged than, the types of investments described in this prospectus. A change in our investment strategy may, among other things, increase our exposure to interest rate risk, default risk and real estate market fluctuations, all of which could materially affect our ability to achieve our investment objectives.
The termination or replacement of our advisor could trigger a repayment event under our mortgage loans for some of our properties and the credit agreement governing any line of credit we obtain.
Lenders for certain of our properties may request provisions in the mortgage loan documentation that would make the termination or replacement of our advisor an event requiring the immediate repayment of the full outstanding balance of the loan. If we elect to obtain a line of credit and are able to do so, the termination or replacement of our advisor could trigger repayment of outstanding amounts under the credit agreement governing our line of credit. If a repayment event occurs with respect to any of our properties, our ability to achieve our investment objectives could be materially adversely affected.
Our board of directors will not approve each investment selected by our advisor.
Our board of directors has approved investment guidelines that delegate to our advisor the authority to execute (1) acquisitions and dispositions of real property and (2) investments in other real estate-related assets, in each case so long as such investments are consistent with the investment guidelines. Our directors will review our investment guidelines on an annual basis and our investment portfolio on a quarterly basis or, in each case, as often as they deem appropriate. The prior approval of our board of directors will be required only for the acquisition or disposition of assets that are not in accordance with our investment guidelines. In addition, in conducting periodic reviews, our directors will rely primarily on information provided to them by our advisor. Furthermore, transactions entered into on our behalf by our advisor may be costly, difficult or impossible to unwind when they are subsequently reviewed by our board of directors.
We are and may continue to be subject to litigation, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
We currently are, and are likely to continue to be, subject to litigation. Some of these claims may result in significant defense costs and potentially significant judgments against us. We cannot be certain of the ultimate outcomes of currently asserted claims or of those that arise in the future. Resolution of these types of matters against us may result in our having to pay significant fines, judgments, or settlements, which, if uninsured, or if the fines, judgments, and settlements exceed insured levels, would adversely impact our earnings and cash flows, thereby impacting our ability to service debt and make quarterly distributions to our stockholders. Certain litigation or the resolution of certain litigation may affect the availability or cost of some of our insurance coverage, which could adversely impact our results of operations and cash flows, expose us to increased risks that would be uninsured, and/or adversely impact our ability to attract officers and directors.
35
The limits on the percentage of shares of our common stock that any person may own may discourage a takeover or business combination that could otherwise benefit our stockholders.
Our charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our board of directors to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT. Unless exempted by our board of directors, no person may own more than 9.8% in value of our outstanding capital stock or more than 9.8% in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our outstanding common stock. A person that did not acquire more than 9.8% of our shares may become subject to our charter restrictions if repurchases by other stockholders cause such persons holdings to exceed 9.8% of our outstanding shares. Any attempt to own or transfer shares of our common stock in excess of the ownership limit without the consent of our board of directors will be void, or will result in those shares being transferred by operation of law to a charitable trust, and the person who acquired such excess shares will not be entitled to any distributions thereon or to vote those excess shares. Our 9.8% ownership limitation may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us, including an extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale of all or substantially all of our assets) that might provide a premium price for our stockholders.
Maryland law and our organizational documents limit our rights and the rights of our stockholders to recover claims against our directors and officers, which could reduce your and our recovery against them if they cause us to incur losses.
Maryland law provides that a director will not have any liability as a director so long as he or she performs his or her duties in accordance with the applicable standard of conduct. In addition, Maryland law and our charter provide that no director or officer shall be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages unless the director or officer (1) actually received an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or (2) was actively and deliberately dishonest as established by a final judgment. Moreover, our charter generally requires us to indemnify and advance expenses to our directors and officers for losses they may incur by reason of their service in those capacities unless their act or omission was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty, they actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services or, in the case of any criminal proceeding, they had reasonable case to believe the act or omission was unlawful. As a result, you and we may have more limited rights against our directors or officers than might otherwise exist under common law, which could reduce your and our recovery from these persons if they act in a manner that causes us to incur losses. In addition, we are obligated to fund the defense costs incurred by these persons in some cases. However, our charter provides that we may not indemnify our directors, or our advisor and its affiliates, for any liability or loss suffered by them or hold our directors, our advisor and its affiliates harmless for any liability or loss suffered by us, unless they have determined that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in our best interests, they were acting on our behalf or performing services for us, the liability or loss was not the result of negligence or misconduct by our non-independent directors, our advisor and its affiliates, or gross negligence or willful misconduct by our independent directors, and the indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of our net assets or the proceeds of insurance and not from the stockholders. See ManagementLimited Liability and Indemnification of Directors, Officers, the Advisor and Other Agents.
Certain provisions in our organizational documents and Maryland law could inhibit transactions or changes of control under circumstances that could otherwise provide stockholders with the opportunity to realize a premium.
Our charter and bylaws contain provisions that could delay or prevent a change of control of our company or changes in our board of directors that our stockholders might consider favorable. For example, our charter authorizes the issuance of preferred stock which can be created and issued by our board of directors without prior stockholder approval, with rights senior to those of our common stock, and prohibits our stockholders from filling board vacancies. In addition, for so long as the advisory agreement is in effect, our advisor has the right to nominate, subject to the approval of such nomination by our board of directors, three affiliated directors to the slate of directors to be voted on by the stockholders at our annual meeting of stockholders. Furthermore, our
36
board of directors must also consult with our advisor in connection with (i) its selection of each independent director for nomination to the slate of directors to be voted on at the annual meeting of stockholders, and (ii) filling any vacancies created by the removal, resignation, retirement or death of any director. These and other provisions in our charter and bylaws could make it more difficult for stockholders or potential acquirers to obtain control of our board of directors or initiate actions that are opposed by our then-current board of directors, including a merger, tender offer or proxy contest involving our company.
In addition, certain provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law applicable to us prohibit business combinations with: (1) any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of our outstanding voting stock, which we refer to as an interested stockholder; (2) an affiliate or associate of ours who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of our then outstanding stock, which we also refer to as an interested stockholder; or (3) an affiliate of an interested stockholder. These prohibitions last for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder became an interested stockholder. Thereafter, any business combination with the interested stockholder or an affiliate of the interested stockholder must be recommended by our board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of at least 80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of our outstanding voting stock, and two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of our voting stock other than shares held by the interested stockholder or its affiliate with whom the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder. These requirements could have the effect of inhibiting a change in control even if a change in control were in our stockholders best interest. These provisions of Maryland law do not apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by our board of directors prior to the time that someone becomes an interested stockholder. Pursuant to the business combination statute, our board of directors has exempted any business combination involving us and any person, provided that such business combination is first approved by a majority of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors.
Your investment return may be reduced if we are deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries intend, or expect to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act. Rule 3a-1 under the Investment Company Act generally provides that, notwithstanding Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act, an issuer will not be deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act provided that (1) it does not hold itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities, and (2) on an unconsolidated basis except as otherwise provided, no more than 45% of the value of its total assets, consolidated with the assets of any wholly owned subsidiary, (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) consists of, and no more than 45% of its net income after taxes, consolidated with the net income of any wholly owned subsidiary, (for the last four fiscal quarters combined) is derived from, securities other than U.S. government securities, securities issued by employees securities companies, securities issued by certain majority owned subsidiaries of such company and securities issued by certain companies that are controlled primarily by such company. In addition, we believe that neither we nor any of our subsidiaries will be considered an investment company under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act because we will not engage primarily or hold ourselves out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Rather, through our wholly owned or majority-owned subsidiaries, we will be primarily engaged in the non-investment company businesses of these subsidiaries, namely the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring real property, mortgages and other interests in real estate.
To maintain compliance with this exception from the definition of investment company under the Investment Company Act, we may be unable to sell assets we would otherwise want to sell and may be unable to purchase securities we would otherwise want to purchase.
37
We believe that we will satisfy this exclusion. However, if we were obligated to register as an investment company, we would have to comply with a variety of substantive requirements under the Investment Company Act that impose, among other things:
| |
limitations on capital structure; |
| |
restrictions on specified investments; |
| |
restrictions or prohibitions on retaining earnings; |
| |
restrictions on leverage or senior securities; |
| |
restrictions on unsecured borrowings; |
| |
requirements that our income be derived from certain types of assets; |
| |
prohibitions on transactions with affiliates; and |
| |
compliance with reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy disclosure and other rules and regulations that would significantly increase our operating expenses. |
If we were required to register as an investment company but failed to do so, we would be prohibited from engaging in our business, and criminal and civil actions could be brought against us. In addition, our contracts would be unenforceable unless a court required enforcement, and a court could appoint a receiver to take control of us and liquidate our business.
Registration with the SEC as an investment company would be costly, would subject our company to a host of complex regulations, and would divert the attention of management from the conduct of our business. In addition, the purchase of real estate that does not fit our investment guidelines and the purchase or sale of investment securities or other assets to preserve our status as a company not required to register as an investment company could materially adversely affect our NAV, the amount of funds available for investment and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
Risks Related to Investments in Real Property
We depend on tenants for our revenue, and accordingly, lease terminations and/or tenant defaults, particularly by one of our significant tenants, could adversely affect the income produced by our properties, which may harm our operating performance, thereby limiting our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
The success of our investments materially depends on the financial stability of our tenants, any of whom may experience a change in their business at any time. For example, the current economic conditions have resulted in increasing vacancy rates for all major types of property, which include, office, retail, industrial and apartment properties, due to increased tenant delinquencies or defaults under leases, generally lower demand for rentable space, as well as potential oversupply of rentable space. As a result, our tenants may delay lease commencements, decline to extend or renew their leases upon expiration, fail to make rental payments when due, or declare bankruptcy. Any of these actions could result in the termination of the tenants leases, or expiration of existing leases without renewal, and the loss of rental income attributable to the terminated or expired leases. In the event of a tenant default or bankruptcy, we may experience delays in enforcing our rights as a landlord and may incur substantial costs in protecting our investment and re-letting our property. If significant leases are terminated or defaulted upon, we may be unable to lease the property for the rent previously received or sell the property without incurring a loss. In addition, significant expenditures, such as mortgage payments, real estate taxes and insurance and maintenance costs, are generally fixed and do not decrease when revenues at the related property decrease.
The occurrence of any of the situations described above, particularly if it involves one of our significant tenants, could seriously harm our operating performance. If any of these significant tenants were to default on its lease obligation(s) to us or not extend current leases as they mature, our results of operations and ability to pay
38
distributions to our stockholders could be adversely affected. As lead tenants, the revenues generated by the properties these tenants occupy are substantially dependent upon the financial condition of these tenants and, accordingly, any event of bankruptcy, insolvency, or a general downturn in the business of any of these tenants may result in the failure or delay of such tenants rental payments, which may have a substantial adverse effect on our operating performance.
Our revenues will be significantly influenced by the economies and other conditions of the office, retail, industrial and apartment markets in general and the specific geographic markets in which we operate where we have high concentrations of these types of properties.
As of June 30, 2012, our diversification of current fair value of consolidated properties by property type consisted of 42% in the office property sector, 30% in the apartment property sector, 21% in the retail property sector and 7% in the industrial property sector. Our diversification of unconsolidated properties by property type at June 30, 2012 consisted of 47% in the retail property sector and 53% in the office property sector. Because our portfolio consists primarily of office, retail, industrial and apartment properties, we are subject to risks inherent in investments in these types of property. This concentration exposes us to risk of economic downturns in these property sectors to a greater extent than if our portfolio included other sectors in the real estate industry.
Additionally, as of June 30, 2012, approximately 39% of the current fair value of our consolidated properties was geographically concentrated in the western United States. Approximately 47% and 53% of the current fair value of our unconsolidated properties was geographically concentrated in the mid-western and western regions of the United States, respectively, as of June 30, 2012. Moreover, our properties located in California, Florida, Georgia and Missouri accounted for approximately 18%, 15%, 13% and 12% of our consolidated revenues, respectively. As a result, we are particularly susceptible to adverse market conditions in these particular areas, including the current economic conditions, the reduction in demand for office, retail, industrial or apartment properties, industry slowdowns, relocation of businesses and changing demographics. Adverse economic or real estate developments in the markets in which we have a concentration of properties, or in any of the other markets in which we operate, or any decrease in demand for office, retail, industrial or apartment space resulting from the local or national business climate, could adversely affect our rental revenues and operating results.
We face risks associated with our student-oriented apartment communities.
For the six months ended June 30, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011, student-oriented apartment communities comprised approximately 39% and 32%, respectively, of our revenues. Unlike other apartment housing, student apartment communities are typically leased on an individual lease liability basis by bed which limits each residents liability to his or her own rent without liability for a roommates rent and are typically for a term of less than one year. Student apartment communities are also typically leased during a limited leasing season that usually begins in January and ends in August of each year. As a result, we may experience a significant reduction in our cash flows and revenues from our student oriented housing properties during the summer months or if we are unable to find new individual tenants for these properties after the expiration of the lease, which could have a material adverse effect on our NAV.
Many colleges and universities own and operate their own competing on-campus housing facilities, and changes in university admission policies could adversely affect us. For example, if a university reduces the number of student admissions or requires that certain students, such as freshman, live in a university owned facility, the demand for beds at our properties may be reduced and our occupancy rates may decline.
Our operating results are affected by economic and regulatory changes that impact the real estate market in general.
Real estate historically has experienced significant fluctuations and cycles in value that have resulted in reductions in the value of real estate-related investments. Real estate will continue to be subject to such
fluctuations and cycles in value in the future that may negatively impact the value of our investments. The
39
marketability and value of our investments will depend on many factors beyond our control. The ultimate performance of our investments will be subject to the varying degrees of risk generally incident to the ownership and operation of the underlying real properties. The ultimate value of our investment in the underlying real properties depends upon our ability to operate the real properties in a manner sufficient to maintain or increase revenues in excess of operating expenses and debt service. Revenues and the values of our properties may be adversely affected by:
| |
changes in national or international economic conditions; |
| |
the cyclicality of real estate; |
| |
changes in local market conditions due to changes in general or local economic conditions and neighborhood characteristics; |
| |
the financial condition of tenants, buyers and sellers of properties; |
| |
competition from other properties offering the same or similar services; |
| |
changes in interest rates and in the availability, cost and terms of mortgage debt; |
| |
access to capital; |
| |
the impact of present or future environmental legislation and compliance with environmental laws; |
| |
the ongoing need for capital improvements (particularly in older structures); |
| |
changes in real estate tax rates and other operating expenses; |
| |
adverse changes in governmental rules and fiscal policies; |
| |
civil unrest; |
| |
acts of God, including earthquakes, hurricanes and other natural disasters, acts of war, acts of terrorism (any of which may result in uninsured losses); |
| |
adverse changes in zoning laws; and |
| |
other factors that are beyond our control or the control of the real property owners. |
All of these factors are beyond our control. Any negative changes in these factors could affect our ability to meet our obligations and pay distributions to stockholders.
Our retail properties may decline in rental revenue and/or occupancy as a result of co-tenancy provisions contained in certain tenants leases.
Tenants of certain of our retail properties have leases that contain certain co-tenancy provisions that require either certain tenants and/or certain amounts of square footage to be occupied and open for business. If these co-tenancy provisions are not satisfied then other tenants of these properties may have the right to, among other things, pay reduced rents and/or terminate the lease. As a result the loss of a single tenant on these properties, and the triggering of these co-tenancy provisions, could result in reduced rental income and/or reduced occupancy with respect to these properties, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We face considerable competition in the leasing market and may be unable to renew existing leases or re-let space on terms similar to the existing leases, or we may expend significant capital in our efforts to re-let space, which may adversely affect our operating results.
Leases representing approximately 6.0% and 8.2% of the annualized minimum base rent from our consolidated properties, as of June 30, 2012, were scheduled to expire in 2012 and 2013 (excluding our apartment investments), respectively, and 0.8% and 22.3% of the leases on our unconsolidated properties were
40
scheduled to expire in 2012 and 2013, respectively. In addition, Fannie Maes lease, which accounted for 5.9% of our annualized base rent, expired on December 31, 2011. Fannie Mae did not renew its lease for the entire building at Monument IV at Worldgate but executed a six-month lease extension for approximately 99,000 square feet of the buildings 228,000 square feet. Fannie Mae vacated the building on June 30, 2012. Because we compete with a number of other developers, owners and managers of office, retail, industrial and apartment properties, we may be unable to renew leases with our existing tenants and, if our current tenants do not renew their leases, we may be unable to re-let the space to new tenants. To the extent that we are able to renew leases that are scheduled to expire in the short-term or re-let such space to new tenants, heightened competition resulting from adverse market conditions may require us to utilize rent concessions and tenant improvements to a greater extent than we historically have. Further, leases of long-term duration or which include renewal options that specify a maximum rate increase may not result in fair market lease rates over time if we do not accurately estimate inflation or market lease rates. If we are subject to below-market lease rates on a significant number of our properties pursuant to long-term leases, our cash flow from operations and financial position may be adversely affected. In addition, the economic turmoil of the last several years has led to foreclosures and sales of foreclosed properties at depressed values, and we may have difficulty competing with competitors who have purchased properties in the foreclosure process, because their lower cost basis in their properties may allow them to offer space at reduced rental rates.
If our competitors offer space at rental rates below current market rates or below the rental rates we currently charge our tenants, we may lose potential tenants, and we may be pressured to reduce our rental rates below those we currently charge in order to retain tenants upon expiration of their existing leases. Even if our tenants renew their leases or we are able to re-let the space, the terms and other costs of renewal or re-letting, including the cost of required renovations, increased tenant improvement allowances, leasing commissions, declining rental rates, and other potential concessions, may be less favorable than the terms of our current leases and could require significant capital expenditures. If we are unable to renew leases or re-let space in a reasonable time, or if rental rates decline or tenant improvement, leasing commissions, or other costs increase, our financial condition, cash flows, cash available for distribution, value of our common stock, and ability to satisfy our debt service obligations could be materially adversely affected.
Competition in acquiring properties may reduce our profitability and the return on your investment.
We face competition from various entities for investment opportunities in properties, including other REITs, pension funds, insurance companies, investment funds and companies, partnerships, and developers. We may also face competition from real estate programs sponsored by Jones Lang LaSalle and its affiliates. Many third party competitors have substantially greater financial resources than we do and may be able to accept more risk than we can prudently manage. Competition from these entities may reduce the number of suitable investment opportunities offered to us or increase the bargaining power of property owners seeking to sell. Additionally, disruptions and dislocations in the credit markets have materially impacted the cost and availability of debt to finance real estate acquisitions, which is a key component of our acquisition strategy. This lack of available debt could result in a further reduction of suitable investment opportunities and create a competitive advantage for other entities that have greater financial resources than we do. In addition, as the economy recovers, the number of entities and the amount of funds competing for suitable investments may increase. In addition to third party competitors, other programs sponsored by Jones Lang LaSalle may raise additional capital and seek investment opportunities under our sponsors allocation policy. If we acquire properties and other investments at higher prices or by using less-than-ideal capital structures, our returns will be lower and the value of our assets may not appreciate or may decrease significantly below the amount we paid for such assets. If such events occur, you may experience a lower return on your investment.
To the extent we resume acquiring properties, our operating results may depend on the availability of, and our advisors ability to identify, acquire and manage, appropriate real estate investment opportunities. It may take considerable time for us or our advisor to identify and acquire appropriate investments. In general, the availability of desirable real estate opportunities and our investment returns will be affected by the level and volatility of interest rates, conditions in the financial markets and general, national and local economic
41
conditions. No assurance can be given that we will be successful in identifying, underwriting and then acquiring investments which satisfy our return objectives or that such investments, once acquired, will perform as intended. The real estate industry is competitive and we compete for investments with traditional equity sources, both public and private, as well as existing funds, or funds formed in the future, with similar investment objectives. If we cannot effectively compete with these entities for investments, its financial performance may be adversely affected.
Potential losses or damage to our properties may not be covered by insurance.
Our tenants are required to maintain property insurance coverage for the properties under net leases and we carry comprehensive liability, fire, extended coverage, business interruption and rental loss insurance covering all of the properties in our portfolio not insured by our tenants under a blanket policy. Our advisor will select policy specifications and insured limits that it believes to be appropriate and adequate given the relative risk of loss, the cost of the coverage and industry practice. Insurance policies on our properties may include some coverage for losses that are generally catastrophic in nature, such as losses due to terrorism, earthquakes and floods, but we cannot assure you that it will be adequate to cover all losses and some of our policies will be insured subject to limitations involving large deductibles or co-payments and policy limits which may not be sufficient to cover losses. If we or one or more of our tenants experience a loss which is uninsured or which exceeds policy limits, we could lose the capital invested in the damaged properties as well as the anticipated future cash flows from those properties. In addition, if the damaged properties are subject to recourse indebtedness, we would continue to be liable for the indebtedness, even if these properties were irreparably damaged.
In the event we obtain options to acquire properties, we may lose the amount paid for such options whether or not the underlying property is purchased.
We may obtain options to acquire certain properties. The amount paid for an option, if any, is normally surrendered if the property is not purchased and may or may not be credited against the purchase price if the property is purchased. Any unreturned option payments will reduce the amount of cash available for further investments or distributions to our stockholders.
Our real properties are subject to property and other taxes that may increase in the future, which could adversely affect our cash flow.
Our real properties are subject to real and personal property and other taxes that may increase as tax rates change and as the properties are assessed or reassessed by taxing authorities. Certain of our leases provide that the property taxes, or increases therein, are charged to the lessees as an expense related to the real properties that they occupy while other leases will generally provide that we are responsible for such taxes. In any case, as the owner of the properties, we are ultimately responsible for payment of the taxes to the applicable governmental authorities. If property taxes increase, our tenants may be unable to make the required tax payments, ultimately requiring us to pay the taxes even if otherwise stated under the terms of the lease. If we fail to pay any such taxes, the applicable taxing authorities may place a lien on the property and the property may be subject to a tax sale. In addition, we will generally be responsible for property taxes related to any vacant space.
We rely on third party property managers to operate our properties and leasing agents to lease vacancies in our properties.
Although our advisor has hired and may hire Jones Lang LaSalle to manage and lease certain of our properties, we also rely on third party property managers and leasing agents to manage and lease vacancies in most of our properties. The third party property managers have significant decision-making authority with respect to the management of our properties. Our ability to direct and control how our properties are managed on a day-to-day basis may be limited because we will engage third parties to perform this function. Thus, the
42
success of our business may depend in large part on the ability of our third party property managers to manage the day-to-day operations and the ability of our leasing agents to lease vacancies in our properties. Any adversity experienced by our property managers or leasing agents could adversely impact the operation and profitability of our properties.
We may not have sole decision-making authority over some of our real property investments and may be unable to take actions to protect our interests in these investments.
A component of our investment strategy includes entering into joint venture agreements with partners in connection with certain property acquisitions. As of June 30, 2012, we had interests in nine joint ventures that collectively own nine properties across the United States. We may co-invest in the future with third parties through partnerships or other entities, which we collectively refer to as joint ventures, acquiring non-controlling interests in or sharing responsibility for managing the affairs of the joint venture. In such event, we would not be in a position to exercise sole decision-making authority regarding the joint venture. Investments in joint ventures may, under certain circumstances, involve risks not present were a third party not involved, including the possibility that partners or co-venturers might become bankrupt or fail to fund their required capital contributions. Co-venturers may have economic or other business interests or goals which are inconsistent with our business interests or goals, and may be in a position to take actions contrary to our policies or objectives. Such investments may also have the potential risk of impasses on decisions, such as a sale, because neither we nor the co-venturer would have full control over the joint venture. Disputes between us and co-venturers may result in litigation or arbitration that would increase our expenses and prevent our officers and directors from focusing their time and effort on our business. Consequently, actions by or disputes with co-venturers might result in subjecting properties owned by the joint venture to additional risk. In addition, we may in certain circumstances be liable for the actions of our co-venturers. In addition, our lack of control over the properties in which we invest could result in us being unable to obtain accurate and timely financial information for these properties and could adversely affect our internal control over financial reporting.
We may not have funding for future tenant improvements, which may adversely affect the value of our assets, our results of operations and returns to our stockholders.
When a tenant at one of our real properties does not renew its lease or otherwise vacates its space in one of our buildings, it is likely that, in order to attract one or more new tenants, we will be required to expend substantial funds to construct new tenant improvements in the vacated space. We do not anticipate that we will maintain permanent working capital reserves and do not currently have an identified funding source to provide funds that may be required in the future for tenant improvements and tenant refurbishments in order to attract new tenants. If we do not establish sufficient reserves for working capital or obtain adequate financing to supply necessary funds for capital improvements or similar expenses, we may be required to defer necessary or desirable improvements to our real properties. If we defer such improvements, the applicable real properties may decline in value, and it may be more difficult for us to attract or retain tenants to such real properties or the amount of rent we can charge at such real properties may decrease. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will have any sources of funding available to us for repair or reconstruction of damaged real property in the future.
The costs of compliance with governmental laws and regulations may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Real estate and the operations conducted on properties are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and human health and safety. Tenants ability to operate and generate income to pay their lease obligations may be affected by permitting and compliance obligations arising under such laws and regulations. Some of these laws and regulations may impose joint and several liability on tenants, owners, or managers for the costs to investigate or remediate contaminated properties, regardless of fault or whether the acts causing the contamination were legal. In addition, the presence of hazardous substances, or the failure to properly remediate these substances, may hinder our ability to sell, rent, or pledge such property as collateral for future borrowings.
43
Compliance with new laws or regulations or stricter interpretation of existing laws by agencies or the courts may require us to incur material expenditures. Future laws, ordinances, or regulations may impose material environmental liability. Additionally, our tenants operations, the existing condition of land when we buy it, operations in the vicinity of our properties such as the presence of underground storage tanks or activities of unrelated third parties may affect our properties. In addition, there are various local, state, and federal fire, health, life-safety, and similar regulations with which we may be required to comply, and which may subject us to liability in the form of fines or damages for noncompliance. Any material expenditures, fines, or damages we must pay will reduce our cash flows and ability to pay distributions and may reduce the value of your investment.
As the present or former owner or manager of real property, we could become subject to liability for environmental contamination, regardless of whether we caused such contamination.
We could become subject to liability in the form of fines or damages for noncompliance with environmental laws and regulations. These laws and regulations generally govern wastewater discharges, air emissions, the operation and removal of underground and above-ground storage tanks, the use, storage, treatment, transportation and disposal of solid hazardous materials, the remediation of contaminated property associated with the disposal of solid and hazardous materials and other health and safety-related concerns. Some of these laws and regulations may impose joint and several liability on tenants, owners or managers for the costs of investigation or remediation of contaminated properties, regardless of fault or the legality of the original disposal. Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances, and regulations, a current or former owner or manager of real property may be liable for the cost to remove or remediate hazardous or toxic substances, wastes, or petroleum products on, under, from, or in such property. These costs could be substantial and liability under these laws may attach whether or not the owner or manager knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such contamination. Even if more than one person may have been responsible for the contamination, each liable party may be held entirely responsible for all of the clean-up costs incurred. In addition, third parties may sue the owner or manager of a property for damages based on personal injury, natural resources, or property damage and/or for other costs, including investigation and clean-up costs, resulting from the environmental contamination. The presence of contamination on one of our properties, or the failure to properly remediate a contaminated property, could give rise to a lien in favor of the government for costs it may incur to address the contamination, or otherwise adversely affect our ability to sell or lease the property or borrow using the property as collateral. In addition, if contamination is discovered on our properties, environmental laws may impose restrictions on the manner in which the property may be used or businesses may be operated, and these restrictions may require substantial expenditures or prevent us from entering into leases with prospective tenants. There can be no assurance that future laws, ordinances or regulations will not impose any material environmental liability, or that the current environmental condition of our properties will not be affected by the operations of the tenants, by the existing condition of the land, by operations in the vicinity of the properties. There can be no assurance that these laws, or changes in these laws, will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our properties may contain or develop harmful mold, which could lead to liability for adverse health effects and remediation costs.
When excessive moisture accumulates in buildings or on building materials, mold growth may occur, particularly if the moisture problem remains undiscovered or is not addressed within a certain period of time. Some molds may produce airborne toxins or irritants. Public concern about indoor exposure to mold has been increasing along with awareness that exposure to mold may cause a variety of adverse health effects and symptoms, including allergic or other reactions. As a result, the presence of a significant amount of mold at any of our properties could require us to undertake a costly remediation program to contain or remove the mold from the affected properties. In addition, the presence of mold could expose us to liability from tenants, employees of tenants and others if property damage or health concerns arise as a result of the presence of mold in or on our properties. If we ever become subject to mold-related liabilities, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
44
Compliance or failure to comply with the American Disabilities Act and other similar regulations could result in substantial costs.
Our properties are, or may become, subject to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended, or the ADA. Under the ADA, all places of public accommodation must meet federal requirements related to access and use by persons with disabilities. The ADAs requirements could require removal of access barriers and could result in the imposition of injunctive relief, monetary penalties or, in some cases, an award of damages. New legislation at the federal, state and local levels also may require modifications to our properties, or restrict our ability to renovate properties. We will attempt to acquire properties that comply with the ADA and other similar legislation or place the burden on the seller or other third party to ensure compliance with such legislation. However, we may not be able to acquire properties or allocate responsibilities in this manner which could reduce cash available for investments and the amount of distributions to you.
Future terrorist attacks may result in financial losses for us and limit our ability to obtain terrorism insurance.
Our portfolio maintains significant holdings in areas that are located in or around major population centers that may be high-risk geographical areas for terrorism and threats of terrorism. Future terrorist attacks and the anticipation of any such attacks, or the consequences of the military or other response by the United States and its allies, could severely impact the demand for, and value of, our properties. Terrorist attacks in and around any of the major metropolitan areas in which we own properties also could directly impact the value of our properties through damage, destruction, loss, or increased security costs, and could thereafter materially impact the availability or cost of insurance to protect against such acts. A decrease in demand could make it difficult to renew or re-lease our properties at lease rates equal to or above historical rates. To the extent that any future terrorist attacks otherwise disrupt our tenants businesses, it may impair our tenants ability to make timely payments under their existing leases with us, which would harm our operating results.
In addition, the events of September 11, 2001 created significant uncertainty regarding the ability of real estate owners of high profile properties to obtain insurance coverage protecting against terrorist attacks at commercially reasonable rates, if at all. With the enactment of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act, which was extended through 2014 by Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007, insurers must make terrorism insurance available under their property and casualty insurance policies, but this legislation does not regulate the pricing of such insurance. The absence of affordable insurance coverage may affect the general real estate lending market, lending volume and the markets overall loss of liquidity may reduce the number of suitable investment opportunities available to us and the pace at which its investments are made. We currently carry terrorism insurance under our master insurance program on all of our investments, except for Railway Street Corporate Centre, an office building located in Calgary, Canada.
We are subject to additional risks from our international investments.
We expect to purchase real estate investments located outside the United States, and may make or purchase loans or participations in loans secured by property located outside the United States. These investments may be affected by factors peculiar to the laws and business practices of the jurisdictions in which the properties are located. These laws and business practices may expose us to risks that are different from and in addition to those commonly found in the United States. Foreign investments could be subject to the following additional risks:
| |
the burden of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws; |
| |
changing governmental rules and policies, including changes in land use and zoning laws, more stringent environmental laws or changes in such laws; |
| |
existing or new laws relating to the foreign ownership of real property or loans and laws restricting the ability of foreign persons or companies to remove profits earned from activities within the country to the persons or companys country of origin; |
45
| |
the potential for expropriation; |
| |
possible currency transfer restrictions; |
| |
imposition of adverse or confiscatory taxes; |
| |
changes in real estate and other tax rates and changes in other operating expenses in particular countries; |
| |
possible challenges to the anticipated tax treatment of the structures that allow us to acquire and hold investments; |
| |
adverse market conditions caused by terrorism, civil unrest and changes in national or local governmental or economic conditions; |
| |
the willingness of domestic or foreign lenders to make loans in certain countries and changes in the availability, cost and terms of loan funds resulting from varying national economic policies; |
| |
general political and economic instability in certain regions; |
| |
the potential difficulty of enforcing obligations in other countries; and |
| |
our limited experience and expertise in foreign countries relative to its experience and expertise in the United States. |
Investments in properties or other real estate investments outside the United States subject us to foreign currency risks, which may adversely affect distributions and our REIT status.
Revenues generated from any properties or other real estate investments we acquire or ventures we enter into relating to transactions involving assets located in markets outside the United States likely will be denominated in the local currency. Therefore any investments we make outside the United States may subject us to foreign currency risk due to potential fluctuations in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. As a result, changes in exchange rates of any such foreign currency to U.S. dollars may affect our revenues, operating margins and distributions and may also affect the book value of our assets and the amount of stockholders equity.
Changes in foreign currency exchange rates used to value a REITs foreign assets may be considered changes in the value of the REITs assets. These changes may adversely affect our status as a REIT. Further, bank accounts in foreign currency that are not considered cash or cash equivalents may adversely affect our status as a REIT.
Inflation in foreign countries, along with government measures to curb inflation, may have an adverse effect on our investments.
Certain countries have in the past experienced extremely high rates of inflation. Inflation, along with governmental measures to curb inflation, coupled with public speculation about possible future governmental measures to be adopted, has had significant negative effects on the certain international economies in the past and this could occur again in the future. The introduction of governmental policies to curb inflation can have an adverse effect on our business. High inflation in the countries in which we purchase real estate or make other investments could increase our expenses and we may not be able to pass these increased costs onto our tenants.
Lack of compliance with the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act could subject us to penalties and other adverse consequences.
We are subject to the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, which generally prohibits United States companies from engaging in bribery or other prohibited payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Foreign companies, including potential competitors, are not subject to these prohibitions.
46
Fraudulent practices, including corruption, extortion, bribery, pay-offs, theft and others, occur from time-to-time in countries in which we may do business. If people acting on our behalf or at our request are found to have engaged in such practices, severe penalties and other consequences could be imposed on us that may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders and the value of your investment.
Risks Related to Investments in Real Estate-Related Assets
Our investments in real estate-related assets will be subject to the risks related to the underlying real estate.
Real estate loans secured by properties are subject to the risks related to underlying real estate. The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by a property typically is dependent upon the successful operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income of the property is reduced, the borrowers ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Any default on the loan could result in our acquiring ownership of the property, and we would bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan. In addition, foreclosure of a mortgage loan can be an expensive and lengthy process that could have a substantial negative effect on our anticipated return on the foreclosed loan.
We will not know whether the values of the properties ultimately securing our loans will remain at the levels existing on the dates of origination of those loans. If the values of the underlying properties decline, our risk will increase because of the lower value of the security associated with such loans. In this manner, real estate values could impact the values of our loan investments. Our investments in mortgage-backed securities, collateralized debt obligations and other real estate-related investments may be similarly affected by property values.
The real estate-related equity securities in which we may invest are subject to specific risks relating to the particular issuer of the securities and may be subject to the general risks of investing in subordinated real estate securities.
We may invest in common and preferred stock of both publicly traded and private real estate companies, which involves a higher degree of risk than debt securities due to a variety of factors, including that such investments are subordinate to creditors and are not secured by the issuers properties. Our investments in real estate-related equity securities will involve special risks relating to the particular issuer of the equity securities, including the financial condition and business outlook of the issuer. Issuers of real estate-related common equity securities generally invest in real estate or real estate-related assets and are subject to the inherent risks associated with real estate discussed in this prospectus.
The value of the real estate-related securities that we may invest in may be volatile.
The value of real estate-related securities, including those of publicly-listed REITs, fluctuates in response to issuer, political, market and economic developments. In the short term, equity prices can fluctuate dramatically in response to these developments. Different parts of the market and different types of equity securities can react differently to these developments and they can affect a single issuer, multiple issuers within an industry, the economic sector or geographic region, or the market as a whole. The real estate industry is sensitive to economic downturns. The value of securities of companies engaged in real estate activities can be affected by changes in real estate values and rental income, property taxes, interest rates and tax and regulatory requirements. In addition, the value of a REITs equity securities can depend on the capital structure and amount of cash flow generated by the REIT.
We may invest in mezzanine debt which is subject to greater risks of loss than senior loans secured by real properties, which may result in losses to us.
We may invest in mezzanine loans that take the form of subordinated loans secured by second mortgages on the underlying real property or loans secured by a pledge of the ownership interests of either the entity owning
47
the real property or the entity that owns the interest in the entity owning the real property. These types of investments involve a higher degree of risk than first-lien mortgage loans secured by income producing real property because the investment may become unsecured as a result of foreclosure by the senior lender. In the event of a bankruptcy of the entity providing the pledge of its ownership interests as security, we may not have full recourse to the assets of such entity, or the assets of the entity may not be sufficient to satisfy our mezzanine loan. If a borrower defaults on our mezzanine loan or debt senior to our loan, or in the event of a borrower bankruptcy, our mezzanine loan will be satisfied only after the senior debt. As a result, we may not recover some or all of our investment. In addition, mezzanine loans may have higher loan-to-value ratios than conventional mortgage loans, resulting in less equity in the real property and increasing the risk of loss of principal.
We expect a portion of our securities portfolio to be illiquid, and we may not be able to adjust our portfolio in response to changes in economic and other conditions.
We may purchase real estate-related securities in connection with privately negotiated transactions that are not registered under the relevant securities laws, resulting in a prohibition against their transfer, sale, pledge or other disposition except in a transaction that is exempt from the registration requirements of, or is otherwise in accordance with, those laws. As a result, our ability to vary our portfolio in response to changes in economic and other conditions may be relatively limited. The mezzanine and bridge loans we may purchase will be particularly illiquid investments due to their short life, their unsuitability for securitization and the greater risk of our inability to recover loaned amounts in the event of a borrowers default.
Interest rate and related risks may cause the value of our real estate-related assets to be reduced.
We are subject to interest rate risk with respect to our investments in fixed income securities such as preferred equity and debt securities, and to a lesser extent dividend paying common stocks. Interest rate risk is the risk that these types of securities will decline in value because of changes in market interest rates. Generally, when market interest rates rise, the fair value of such securities will decline, and vice versa. Our investment in such securities means that our NAV may decline if market interest rates rise.
During periods of rising interest rates, the average life of certain types of securities may be extended because of slower than expected principal payments. This may lock in a below-market interest rate, increase the securitys duration and reduce the value of the security. This is known as extension risk. During periods of declining interest rates, an issuer may be able to exercise an option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled, which is generally known as call risk or prepayment risk. If this occurs, we may be forced to reinvest in lower yielding securities. This is known as reinvestment risk. Preferred equity and debt securities frequently have call features that allow the issuer to redeem the security prior to its stated maturity. An issuer may redeem an obligation if the issuer can refinance the debt at a lower cost due to declining interest rates or an improvement in the credit standing of the issuer. These risks may reduce the value of our securities investments.
Risks Related to Debt Financing
We have incurred and are likely to continue to incur mortgage or other indebtedness, which may increase our business risks, could hinder our ability to pay distributions and could decrease the value of your investment.
As of June 30, 2012, we had total outstanding indebtedness of approximately $523.1 million. In addition, declining commercial property values associated with the downturn in the commercial real estate sector since 2007 have caused our portfolio leverage to exceed our historical target leverage ratio of 65%. Based upon the valuation declines in our portfolio, our loan-to-value as of June 30, 2012 was approximately 73%. We may incur additional indebtedness to acquire properties or other real estate-related investments, to fund property improvements and other capital expenditures or for other general corporate purposes. Under our charter, we have a limitation on borrowing which precludes us from borrowing in excess of 300% of the value of our net assets. See Investment Objectives and StrategyBorrowing Policies. We may obtain mortgage loans and pledge
48
some or all of our properties as security for these loans to obtain funds to acquire additional properties or for working capital. We may also obtain a line of credit to provide a flexible borrowing source that will allow us to fund repurchases, to pay distributions or to use for other business purposes.
If there is a shortfall between the cash flow from a property and the cash flow needed to service mortgage loans on that property, then the amount of cash available for distributions to stockholders may be reduced. In addition, incurring mortgage debt increases the risk of loss of a property since defaults on indebtedness secured by a property may result in lenders initiating foreclosure actions. In that case, we could lose the property securing the loan that is in default, thus reducing the value of your investment. For tax purposes, a foreclosure on any of our properties will be treated as a sale of the property for a purchase price equal to the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage. If the outstanding balance of the loan secured by the mortgage exceeds our tax basis in the property, we will recognize taxable income on foreclosure, but we would not receive any cash proceeds. We may give full or partial guarantees to lenders of mortgage loans to the entities that own our properties. When we give a guaranty on behalf of an entity that owns one of our properties, we will be responsible to the lender for satisfaction of the loan if it is not paid by such entity. If any mortgage contains cross-collateralization or cross-default provisions, a default on a single property could affect multiple properties. If any of our properties are foreclosed upon due to a default, our ability to pay cash distributions to our stockholders will be adversely affected.
Continued uncertainty and volatility in the credit markets could affect our ability to obtain debt financing on reasonable terms, or at all, which could reduce the number of properties we may be able to acquire and the amount of cash distributions we can make to our stockholders.
The U.S. and global credit markets have experienced severe dislocations and liquidity disruptions over the past several years, which have caused volatility in the credit spreads on prospective debt financings and have constrained the availability of debt financing due to the reluctance of lenders to offer financing at high leverage ratios. The uncertainty in the credit markets may adversely impact our ability to access additional debt financing on reasonable terms or at all, which may adversely affect investment returns on future acquisitions or our ability to make acquisitions.
If mortgage debt is unavailable on reasonable terms as a result of increased interest rates, increased credit spreads, decreased liquidity or other factors, we may not be able to finance the initial purchase of properties. In addition, when we incur mortgage debt on properties, we run the risk of being unable to refinance such debt upon maturity, or of being unable to refinance on favorable terms. As of June 30, 2012, we had approximately $523.1 million in aggregate outstanding mortgage notes payable, which had maturity dates through March 1, 2027.
If interest rates are higher or other financing terms, such as principal amortization, the need for a corporate guaranty, or other terms are not as favorable when we refinance debt or issue new debt, our income could be reduced. To the extent we are unable to refinance debt on reasonable terms, or at appropriate times or at all, we may be required to sell properties on terms that are not advantageous to us, or could result in the foreclosure of such properties. If any of these events occur, our cash flow would be reduced. This, in turn, would reduce cash available for distribution to our stockholders and may hinder our ability to raise more capital by borrowing more money.
Increases in interest rates could increase the amount of our loan payments and adversely affect our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
Interest we pay on our loan obligations will reduce cash available for distributions. If we obtain variable rate loans, increases in interest rates would increase our interest costs, which would reduce our cash flows and our ability to pay distributions to you. In addition, if we need to repay existing loans during periods of rising interest rates, we could be required to liquidate one or more of our investments in properties at times which may not permit realization of the maximum return on such investments.
49
If we draw on a line of credit to fund repurchases or for any other reason, our financial leverage ratio could increase beyond our target.
We may seek to obtain a line of credit in an effort to provide for a ready source of liquidity to fund repurchases of shares of our common stock in the event that repurchase requests exceed net proceeds from our continuous offering. There can be no assurances that we will be able to obtain a line of credit on financially reasonable terms given the recent volatility in the capital markets. In addition, we may not be able to obtain a line of credit of an appropriate size for our business until such time as we have a substantial portfolio, or at all. If we borrow under a line of credit to fund repurchases of shares of our common stock, our financial leverage will increase and may exceed our target leverage ratio. Our leverage may remain at the higher level until we receive additional net proceeds from our continuous offering or sell some of our assets to repay outstanding indebtedness.
Lenders may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations, which could limit our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
When providing financing, a lender may impose restrictions on us that affect our distribution and operating policies and our ability to obtain additional loans. Loan documents we enter into may contain covenants that limit our ability to further mortgage the property or discontinue insurance coverage. In addition, loan documents may limit our ability to enter into or terminate certain operating or lease agreements related to the property. These or other limitations may adversely affect our flexibility and our ability to achieve our investment objectives.
If we enter into financing arrangements involving balloon payment obligations, it may adversely affect our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
Some of our financing arrangements may require us to make a lump-sum or balloon payment at maturity. Our ability to make a balloon payment at maturity is uncertain and may depend upon our ability to obtain replacement financing or our ability to sell particular properties. At the time the balloon payment is due, we may or may not be able to refinance the balloon payment on terms as favorable as the original loan or sell the particular property at a price sufficient to make the balloon payment. The effect of a refinancing or sale could affect the rate of return to stockholders and the projected time of disposition of our assets.
Failure to hedge effectively against interest rate changes may materially adversely affect our ability to achieve our investment objectives.
Subject to any limitations required to maintain qualification as a REIT, we may seek to manage our exposure to interest rate volatility by using interest rate hedging arrangements, such as interest rate cap or collar agreements and interest rate swap agreements. These agreements involve risks, such as the risk that counterparties may fail to honor their obligations under these arrangements and that these arrangements may not be effective in reducing our exposure to interest rate changes. These interest rate hedging arrangements may create additional assets or liabilities from time to time that may be held or liquidated separately from the underlying property or loan for which they were originally established. We have adopted a policy relating to the use of derivative financial instruments to hedge interest rate risks related to our variable rate borrowings. This policy is set forth under Investment Objectives and StrategyDerivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. Hedging may reduce the overall returns on our investments. Failure to hedge effectively against interest rate changes may materially adversely affect our ability to achieve our investment objectives.
Federal Income Tax Risks
Failure to qualify as a REIT would have significant adverse consequences to us.
We are organized and operated in a manner intended to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We first elected REIT status for our taxable year that ended December 31, 2004. Alston & Bird LLP
50
will render an opinion to us that we have been organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code and that our proposed method of operations will enable us to continue meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT. This opinion will be based upon, among other things, our representations as to the manner in which we are and will be owned and the manner in which we will invest in and operate assets. However, our qualification as a REIT will depend upon our ability to meet on an on-going basis requirements regarding our organization and ownership, distributions of our income, the nature and diversification of our income and assets and other tests imposed by the Code. Alston & Bird LLP will not review our compliance with the REIT qualification standards on an ongoing basis, and we may fail to satisfy the REIT requirements in the future. Also, this opinion represents the legal judgment of Alston & Bird LLP based on the law in effect as of the date of the opinion. The opinion of Alston & Bird LLP is not binding on the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, or the courts. Future legislative, judicial or administrative changes to the federal income tax laws could be applied retroactively, which could result in our disqualification as a REIT. If the IRS determines that we do not qualify as a REIT or if we qualify as a REIT and subsequently lose our REIT qualification, we will be subject to serious tax consequences that would cause a significant reduction in our cash available for distribution for each of the years involved because:
| |
we would be subject to federal corporate income taxation on our taxable income, potentially including alternative minimum tax, and could be subject to higher state and local taxes; |
| |
we would not be permitted to take a deduction for dividends paid to stockholders in computing our taxable income; and |
| |
we could not elect to be taxed as a REIT for four taxable years following the year during which we were disqualified (unless we are entitled to relief under applicable statutory provisions). |
The increased taxes would cause a reduction in our NAV and in cash available for distribution to stockholders. In addition, if we do not qualify as a REIT, we will not be required to pay distributions to stockholders. As a result of all these factors, our failure to qualify as a REIT also could hinder our ability to raise capital and grow our business.
To maintain our REIT status, we may have to borrow funds on a short-term basis during unfavorable market conditions.
To qualify as a REIT, we generally must distribute annually to our stockholders a minimum of 90% of our net taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction and excluding capital gains. We will be subject to regular corporate income taxes on any undistributed REIT taxable income each year. Additionally, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on any amount by which distributions paid by us in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income, 95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from previous years. Payments we make to our stockholders under our share repurchase plan will not be taken into account for purposes of these distribution requirements. If we do not have sufficient cash to pay distributions necessary to preserve our REIT status for any year or to avoid taxation, we may be forced to borrow funds or sell assets even if the market conditions at that time are not favorable for these borrowings or sales.
Compliance with REIT requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive opportunities, which may hinder or delay our ability to meet our investment objectives and reduce your overall return.
To qualify as a REIT, we are required at all times to satisfy tests relating to, among other things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the ownership of our stock and the amounts we distribute to our stockholders. Compliance with the REIT requirements may impair our ability to operate solely on the basis of maximizing profits. For example, we may be required to pay distributions to stockholders at disadvantageous times or when we do not have funds readily available for distribution.
51
If we were considered to actually or constructively pay a preferential dividend to certain of our stockholders, our status as a REIT could be adversely affected.
In order to qualify as a REIT, we must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income (excluding net capital gain), determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid. In order for distributions to be counted as satisfying the annual distribution requirements for REITs, and to provide us with a REIT-level tax deduction, the distributions must not be preferential dividends. A dividend is not a preferential dividend if the distribution is pro rata among all outstanding shares of stock within a particular class, and in accordance with the preferences among different classes of stock as set forth in our organizational documents. There is no de minimis exception with respect to preferential dividends; therefore, if the IRS were to take the position that we paid a preferential dividend, we may be deemed to have failed the 90% distribution test, and our status as a REIT could be terminated for the year in which such determination is made if we were unable to cure such failure. We have obtained a private letter ruling from the IRS concluding that differences in the dividends distributed to holders of Class A shares, holders of Class M shares and holders of Class E shares, as described in the ruling, will not cause such dividends to be preferential dividends.
Compliance with REIT requirements may force us to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.
To qualify as a REIT, at the end of each calendar quarter, at least 75% of our assets must consist of cash, cash items, government securities and qualified real estate assets. The remainder of our investments in securities (other than qualified real estate assets and government securities) generally cannot include more than 10% of the voting securities of any one issuer or more than 10% of the value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. Additionally, no more than 5% of the value of our assets (other than government securities and qualified real estate assets) can consist of the securities of any one issuer, and no more than 25% of the value of our assets may be represented by securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. In order to satisfy these requirements, we may be forced to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.
The IRS may deem the gains from sales of our properties to be subject to a 100% prohibited transaction tax.
From time to time, we may be forced to sell assets to fund repurchase requests, to satisfy our REIT distribution requirements, to satisfy other REIT requirements or for other purposes. The IRS may deem one or more sales of our properties to be prohibited transactions. If the IRS takes the position that we have engaged in a prohibited transaction ( i.e. , we sell a property held by us primarily for sale in the ordinary course of our trade or business), the gain we recognize from such sale would be subject to a 100% tax. The Code sets forth a safe harbor for REITs that wish to sell property without risking the imposition of the 100% tax, however there is no assurance that we will be able to qualify for the safe harbor. We do not intend to hold property for sale in the ordinary course of business, however there is no assurance that our position will not be challenged by the IRS, especially if we make frequent sales or sales of property in which we have short holding periods.
Investments outside the U.S. may subject us to additional taxes and could present additional complications to our ability to satisfy the REIT qualification requirements.
Non-U.S. investments may subject us to various non-U.S. tax liabilities, including withholding taxes. In addition, operating in functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar and in environments in which real estate transactions are typically structured differently than they are in the U.S. or are subject to different legal rules may present complications to our ability to structure non-U.S. investments in a manner that enables us to satisfy the REIT qualification requirements.
52
We may be subject to tax liabilities that reduce our cash flow and our ability to pay distributions to you even if we qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.
We may be subject to federal and state taxes on our income or property even if we qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, including:
| |
in order to qualify as a REIT, we are required to distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction or net capital gain) to our stockholders. If we satisfy the distribution requirement but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to corporate income tax on the undistributed income. |
| |
we will be required to pay a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which the distributions we make to our stockholders in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income, 95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from previous years. |
| |
if we have net income from the sale of foreclosure property that we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business or other non-qualifying income from foreclosure property, we will be required to pay a tax on that income at the highest corporate income tax rate. |
| |
any gain we recognize on the sale of a property, other than foreclosure property, that we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, would be subject to the 100% prohibited transaction tax. |
Our board of directors is authorized to revoke our REIT election without stockholder approval, which may cause adverse consequences to our stockholders.
Our charter authorizes our board of directors to revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election, without the approval of our stockholders, if it determines that it is not in our best interest to qualify as a REIT. In this event, we would become subject to U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income and we would no longer be required to distribute most of our net income to our stockholders, which may cause a reduction in the total return to our stockholders.
You may have current tax liability on distributions you elect to reinvest in our common stock.
If you participate in our distribution reinvestment plan, you will be deemed to have received, and for income tax purposes will be taxed on, the amount reinvested in shares of our common stock to the extent the amount reinvested was not a tax-free return of capital. Therefore, unless you are a tax-exempt entity, you may be forced to use funds from other sources to pay your tax liability on the reinvested dividends.
Generally, ordinary dividends payable by REITs do not qualify for reduced U.S. federal income tax rates.
The maximum U.S. federal income tax rate for qualifying dividends payable by U.S. corporations to individual U.S. stockholders (as such term is defined under Federal Income Tax Considerations below) is 15% through 2012. However, ordinary dividends payable by REITs are generally not eligible for the reduced rates and generally are taxed at ordinary income rates (the maximum individual rate being 35% through 2012).
We may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes.
At any time, the federal income tax laws or regulations governing REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws or regulations may be amended. We cannot predict when or if any new federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, or any amendment to any existing federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, will be adopted, promulgated or become effective and any such law, regulation or interpretation may take effect retroactively. We and our stockholders could be adversely affected by any such change in, or any new, federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation.
53
The failure of a mezzanine loan to qualify as a real estate asset could adversely affect our ability to qualify as a REIT.
The IRS has issued Revenue Procedure 2003-65, which provides a safe harbor pursuant to which a mezzanine loan that is secured by interests in a pass-through entity will be treated by the IRS as a real estate asset for purposes of the REIT tests, and interest derived from such loan will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the REIT 75% income test. Although the Revenue Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law. To the extent that any of our investments in loans secured by interests in pass-through entities do not satisfy all of the requirements for reliance on the safe harbor set forth in the Revenue Procedure, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not challenge the tax treatment of such loans, which could jeopardize our ability to qualify as a REIT.
If certain sale-leaseback transactions are not characterized by the IRS as true leases, we may be subject to adverse tax consequences.
We may purchase investments in properties and lease them back to the sellers of these properties. If the IRS does not characterize these leases as true leases, would not treated as receiving rents from real property with regard to such leases which could affect our ability to satisfy the REIT gross income tests.
Retirement Plan Risks
If the fiduciary of an employee benefit plan subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or ERISA, fails to meet the fiduciary and other standards under ERISA, the Code or common law as a result of an investment in our stock, the fiduciary could be subject to criminal and civil penalties.
There are special considerations that apply to investing in our shares on behalf of a trust, pension, profit sharing or 401(k) plans, health or welfare plans, trusts, individual retirement accounts, or IRAs, or Keogh plans. If you are investing the assets of any of the entities identified in the prior sentence in our common stock, you should satisfy yourself that:
| |
the investment is consistent with your fiduciary obligations under applicable law, including common law, ERISA and the Code; |
| |
the investment is made in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the trust, plan or IRA, including a plans investment policy; |
| |
the investment satisfies the prudence and diversification requirements of Sections 404(a)(1)(B) and 404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA and other applicable provisions of ERISA and the Code; |
| |
the investment will not impair the liquidity of the trust, plan or IRA; |
| |
the investment will not produce unrelated business taxable income for the plan or IRA; |
| |
our stockholders will be able to value the assets of the plan annually in accordance with ERISA requirements and applicable provisions of the plan or IRA; and |
| |
the investment will not constitute a prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code. |
Failure to satisfy the fiduciary standards of conduct and other applicable requirements of ERISA, the Code, or other applicable statutory or common law may result in the imposition of civil (and criminal, if the violation was willful) penalties, and can subject the fiduciary to equitable remedies. In addition, if an investment in our shares constitutes a prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Code, the fiduciary that authorized or directed the investment may be subject to the imposition of excise taxes with respect to the amount invested. Investors that are governmental plans or foreign plans may be subject to laws that are similar to the aforementioned provisions of ERISA and the Code or that otherwise regulate the purchase of our shares.
54
If we were at any time deemed to hold plan assets under ERISA, stockholders subject to ERISA and the related excise tax provisions of the Internal Revenue Code may be subject to adverse financial and legal consequences.
Stockholders subject to ERISA should consult their own advisors as to the effect of ERISA on an investment in the shares. As discussed under Certain ERISA Considerations, our assets may be deemed to constitute plan assets of stockholders that are subject to the fiduciary provisions of ERISA or the prohibited transaction rules of Section 4975 of the Code (Plans). If we were deemed to hold plan assets of Plans, (i) ERISAs fiduciary standards would apply to, and might materially affect, our operations if any such Plans are subject to ERISA and (ii) any transaction we enter into could be deemed a transaction with each Plan and transactions we might enter into in the ordinary course of business could constitute prohibited transactions under ERISA and/or Section 4975 of the Code.
55
The following table presents information about how we intend to use the proceeds raised in this offering assuming that we sell (1) the maximum primary offering amount of $2,700,000,000 and no shares under our distribution reinvestment plan and (2) the maximum primary offering amount of $2,700,000,000 and the maximum distribution reinvestment plan offering amount of $300,000,000. In each case, the table assumes that 50% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering are from the sale of Class A shares and 50% are from the sale of Class M shares. Because no selling commissions are paid with respect to shares sold in the distribution reinvestment plan, it is not necessary to make any assumptions regarding the number of Class A or Class M shares sold in the distribution reinvestment plan. We are offering up to $2,700,000,000 in shares of our common stock in our primary offering in any combination of Class A and Class M shares. We may reallocate the shares of our common stock we are offering between the primary offering and our distribution reinvestment plan. We will only use the proceeds raised in this offering for the purposes set forth in this prospectus and in a manner approved by our board of directors, who serve as fiduciaries to our stockholders.
The estimated amount of selling commissions reflected in the table below was calculated based on an NAV per Class A share of $10.00. The actual amount of selling commissions, however, will vary from the estimated amounts shown because (1) the number of Class M shares, for which no selling commissions are paid, that we will sell is uncertain, (2) our Class A and Class M shares will each be sold at a price that varies day by day based on our daily NAV per share for that class of shares and actual selling commissions per Class A share will be a percentage of the NAV per Class A share in our primary offering and (3) the selling commission may be reduced or eliminated in connection with certain categories of sales of Class A shares, such as sales for which a volume discount applies. Any reduction in selling commissions will be accompanied by a corresponding reduction in the Class A per share purchase price, but will not affect the amounts available to us for investment. Because amounts in this table are estimates, they may not accurately reflect the actual receipt or use of the offering proceeds.
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, which are not used to pay the fees and other expenses attributable to our operations, to (1) grow and further diversify our portfolio by making investments in accordance with our investment strategy and policies, (2) reduce borrowings and repay indebtedness incurred under various financing instruments and (3) fund repurchases under our share repurchase plan. See Our Real Estate InvestmentsMortgage Financing for information about our existing mortgage indebtedness. Generally, our policy will be to pay distributions from cash flow from operations. However, our board of directors has the authority under our organizational documents, to the extent permitted by Maryland law, to fund distributions from other sources, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings, offering proceeds, and the deferral of fees and expense reimbursements by our advisor in its sole discretion. We have not established a limit on the amount of proceeds we may use from this offering to fund distributions.
|
Maximum Primary
Offering of $2,700,000,000 |
Maximum Primary
Offering and Distribution Reinvestment Plan |
|||||||||||||||
| Amounts | Percent | Amounts | Percent | |||||||||||||
|
Gross Offering Proceeds |
$ | 2,700,000,000 | 100.0 | % | $ | 3,000,000,000 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
|
Less: |
||||||||||||||||
|
Selling Commissions |
45,652,174 | 1.7 | 45,652,174 | 1.5 | ||||||||||||
|
Organization and Offering Expenses (1) |
13,184,990 | 0.5 | 13,184,990 | 0.4 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
Net Offering Proceeds |
$ | 2,641,162,836 | 97.8 | % | $ | 2,941,162,836 | 98.0 | % | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| (1) |
If we fund the reimbursement of our ongoing organization and offering expenses entirely out of cash flow from operations (which would not reduce the amount of capital available for investment), the percentage of gross offering proceeds available for investment for the maximum primary offering (assuming we sell the maximum distribution reinvestment plan offering amount) would be 98.5%. The organization and offering expense numbers shown above represent our estimates of expenses incurred in connection with the offering |
56
| (other than selling commissions, the dealer manager fee and the distribution fee), including legal, accounting, printing, mailing and filing fees and expenses, amounts paid to reimburse our dealer manager for amounts it may pay to reimburse the bona fide due diligence expenses of participating broker-dealers supported by detailed and itemized invoices, reimbursements for customary travel, lodging, meals and reasonable entertainment expenses, reimbursements to our advisor for costs in connection with preparing sales materials, the cost of educational conferences held by us and attendance fees and costs reimbursement for employees of our affiliates to attend training and educational conferences sponsored by us and seminars conducted by participating broker-dealers. |
57
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGY
Investment Objectives
Our primary investment objectives are:
| |
to generate an attractive level of current income for distribution to our stockholders; |
| |
to preserve and protect our stockholders capital investments; |
| |
to achieve appreciation of our NAV over time; and |
| |
to enable stockholders to utilize real estate as an asset class in diversified, long-term investment portfolios. |
We cannot assure you that we will attain our investment objectives. Our charter places numerous limitations on us with respect to the manner in which we may invest our funds. In most cases these limitations cannot be changed unless our charter is amended, which may require the approval of our stockholders.
Investment Strategy
The cornerstone of our investment strategy is to acquire and manage income-producing commercial real estate properties and real estate-related assets around the world. We believe this strategy will enable us to provide investors with a portfolio comprised of primarily income-producing assets that is well-diversified across property type, geographic region and industry, both in the United States and internationally. It is our belief that adding international investments to our portfolio over time will serve as an effective tool to construct a well-diversified portfolio designed to provide our stockholders with stable distributions and attractive long-term risk-adjusted returns.
We believe that our broadly diversified portfolio will benefit investors by providing:
| |
access to attractive real estate opportunities around the world; |
| |
access to the growing supply of newly developed state-of-the art international real estate; |
| |
exposure to a diversified basket of currencies; and |
| |
further diversification of sources of income. |
Since real estate markets are often cyclical in nature, our strategy will allow us to more effectively deploy capital into property types and geographic regions where the underlying investment fundamentals are relatively strong or strengthening and away from those property types and geographies where such fundamentals are relatively weak or weakening. We intend to meet our investment objectives by selecting investments across multiple property types and geographic regions to achieve portfolio stability, diversification, current income and favorable risk-adjusted returns. To a lesser degree, we also intend to invest in debt and equity interests backed principally by real estate, which we refer to collectively as real estate-related assets.
We believe that the evolving global commercial real estate markets may present opportunities to purchase high quality properties and other real estate-related assets at discounts to both the previous market peaks and asset replacement costs during the period in which we are investing the net proceeds of this offering. We also believe that making these investments near the bottom of this financial cycle may position our investment portfolio to realize enhanced income and value appreciation during the expected recovery of the economies of the United States and our global target markets.
We will continue to leverage LaSalles broad commercial real estate research and strategy platform and capabilities to employ a research-based investment philosophy focused on building a portfolio of commercial
58
properties and real estate-related assets that we believe have the potential to provide stable income streams and outperform market averages over an extended holding period. Furthermore, we believe that having access to LaSalle and Jones Lang LaSalles international organization and platform, with real estate professionals living and working full time throughout our global target markets, will be a valuable resource to us when considering and executing upon international investment opportunities.
Investment Management Capabilities: The LaSalle Investment Management Platform
LaSalle Investment Management, Inc., our advisor, is a registered investment advisor with the SEC. Headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, our advisor is the U.S. investment management arm of the global LaSalle investment management platform. LaSalle was established and began managing real estate assets for institutional clients in 1980 and has become one of the worlds largest managers of institutional capital invested in real estate and real estate-related assets. LaSalle specializes in providing comprehensive multi-disciplinary real estate investment services to a broad range of institutional and individual investors, including pension funds, foundations, endowments, corporations, insurance companies, sovereign wealth funds and money managers for high net worth individuals. LaSalle has over 30 years of real estate investment experience in public and private real estate markets in North America and Europe and more than a decade of experience in Asia Pacific. As of June 30, 2012, LaSalle managed approximately $46.7 billion of public and private real estate assets and had approximately 700 employees in 26 offices in 18 countries. Pursuant to the advisory agreement between us and our advisor, and as described under ManagementThe Advisory Agreement, our advisor is responsible for managing our affairs on a day-to-day basis and for identifying, making and managing acquisitions on our behalf.
We believe that access to LaSalles investment expertise, research capabilities and property acquisition sourcing and due diligence capabilities will enable us to successfully execute our investment strategy and objectives. LaSalle has substantial experience in acquiring, owning, managing, financing and operating commercial real estate across diverse property types around the world as well as significant experience in asset allocation across a diverse range of portfolio types. In sourcing and evaluating potential investment opportunities for our portfolio, our advisor will utilize its regional investment committees established by LaSalle in each region of the world in which it operates. These committees are comprised of senior members of its global management organization, each of whom has between 14 and 30 years of real estate investment experience. See ManagementInvestment Committees. Where appropriate, our advisor will leverage the worldwide resources of Jones Lang LaSalle, its parent company and our sponsor, to serve our investment goals and objectives. We believe that the local market knowledge and expertise of Jones Lang LaSalles international network of real estate professionals will provide us with a significant competitive advantage in executing our investment strategy.
Global Real Estate Services Capabilities: Jones Lang LaSalle
Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated (NYSE: JLL), our sponsor and the parent company of our advisor, is a global real estate services firm specializing in commercial property management, leasing and investment management with a portfolio of over 2.1 billion square feet worldwide. Jones Lang LaSalle provides real estate and money management services to leading corporate and institutional owners and occupiers of real estate around the world. As of June 30, 2012, Jones Lang LaSalle had over 200 corporate offices and operations in more than 1,000 locations in 70 countries and has approximately 45,500 employees worldwide. Where appropriate, our advisor will leverage the global resources of Jones Lang LaSalle, its parent company and our sponsor, to serve our investment goals and objectives. We believe that the local market knowledge developed globally and shared by Jones Lang LaSalles real estate professionals with our advisor provides us with a key competitive strength in connection with our global real estate investment and management activities. Our advisor also hires our sponsor for property management, leasing, financing, capital markets and other services at certain of our properties where our advisor determines that our sponsors credentials in the property type and geographic market are superior to third party alternatives.
59
As of the date of commencement of this offering, affiliates of Jones Lang LaSalle will have invested an aggregate of $60.2 million in our company through the purchase of shares of our common stock. See Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial OwnersOwnership by Our Sponsor and its Affiliates for a description of the terms of these investments. As a result of this significant investment in us, Jones Lang LaSalle has a strong economic incentive to support our company, unlike other public, non-listed REITs whose sponsors have made a minimal investment and, consequently, are less aligned with the interests of their stockholders. We believe that our sponsors status as a publicly-traded, investment grade global corporation provides us with financial and reputational competitive advantages in addition to access to Jones Lange LaSalles global real estate services platform.
Real Estate as a Diversifying Asset Class
We make direct investments in real properties in multiple sectors consisting primarily of office, retail, industrial and apartment properties. Other real property types may include, but are not limited to hospitality, student housing, medical office, mixed-use and other property types. While substantially all of our real property investments are currently in the United States, we anticipate that that a significant portion of our investments may be located outside of the United States following the investment of the proceeds of this offering.
Historically, real estate has offered attractive returns compared to bonds, and lower volatility compared to equities, which makes it an attractive asset class to consider as a component of a diversified, long-term investment portfolio. Individual and institutional investors have embraced real estate as a significant asset class for purposes of asset allocations within their investment portfolios. Institutional investors include an allocation to real estate in their portfolios for a variety of reasons or goals, which generally include improving portfolio diversification, reducing overall portfolio risk and volatility, attempting to hedge against inflation, or enhancing risk-adjusted returns. Survey data reported by PREA indicates that investment in real estate by pension plans has been steadily increasing since 2000 with a significant percentage of the pension plans having a target allocation to real estate of 10% or more of their overall investment portfolios. Furthermore, according to a report published in 2011 by NAREIT, an optimized portfolio combining a blend of direct investments in real estate and publicly traded REITs produced better risk-adjusted returns than either direct investments in real estate or publicly traded REITs alone. Blended portfolios resulted in positive average annual returns for all rolling five-year holding periods over the past 22 years, even during periods of dramatic property valuation declines (e.g. 2008, 2009, 2010). Direct investments refers to owning real estate through an investment vehicle that does not have its equity interests listed for trading on a national securities exchange.
While investing in REITs whose shares are listed on a national securities exchange is one alternative for investing in real estate, shares of listed REITs generally fluctuate in value with the stock market as a whole. Alternatively, a significant number of public and corporate pension plan sponsors as well as endowments, foundations and other institutions have allocated a portion of their portfolio to direct investments in real estate either through separate account arrangements or commingled funds.
Direct investments in real estate (particularly those held by institutional investors) generally differ from listed REITs in that the value of direct real estate investments is typically based directly on professional assessments of the fair value of the real estate owned by the entity. In contrast, shares of listed REITs are priced by the public trading market, which generally causes a companys stock price to fluctuate based on factors such as supply (number of sellers) and demand (number of buyers) of shares as well as other market forces. An investment in our shares may differ from other direct investments in real estate because, among other reasons, we intend to allocate a portion of our portfolio to real estate-related assets, we may pay different fees for the management of our company and the distribution of our shares and, as a public reporting company, we may incur additional costs.
Industry benchmarks that track the value of direct investments in real estate properties have demonstrated a low correlation with the benchmarks for traditional asset classes, such as publicly traded stocks and bonds. Academic and empirical studies have shown that utilizing lower correlated assets in a diversified, long-term investment portfolio can increase portfolio efficiency and may generate higher total returns while decreasing overall risk because the various asset classes may react to changing market conditions differently.
60
We believe that individual investors can benefit from adding a diversified real estate component to their investment portfolios. As such, our objective is to offer a similar investment option to a broad universe of investors through our continuous public offering.
Investment Portfolio Allocation Targets
Our board of directors has adopted investment guidelines for our advisor to implement and actively monitor in order to allow us to achieve and maintain diversification in our overall investment portfolio. Our board of directors will formally review at a duly called meeting our investment guidelines on an annual basis and our investment portfolio on a quarterly basis or, in each case, more often as they deem appropriate. Our board of directors will review the investment guidelines to ensure that the guidelines are being followed and are in the best interests of our stockholders. Each such determination and the basis therefor shall be set forth in the minutes of our board of directors. Changes to our investment guidelines must be approved by our board of directors and do not require notice to or the vote of our stockholders.
Following our initial ramp-up period, as described below, we will seek to invest:
| |
up to 80% of our assets in properties; |
| |
up to 25% of our assets in real estate-related assets; and |
| |
up to 15% of our assets in cash, cash equivalents and other short-term investments. |
Notwithstanding the above, the actual percentage of our portfolio that is invested in each investment type may from time to time be outside the target levels provided above due to factors such as a large inflow of capital over a short period of time, a lack of attractive investment opportunities or an increase in anticipated cash requirements for repurchase requests.
During the period until we have raised substantial proceeds in this offering and our total NAV has reached $800 million, which we refer to as our ramp-up period, we will balance the goal of achieving a more diversified portfolio with the goal of reducing our leverage. Following the end of the ramp-up period, we believe that the size of our portfolio of investments should be sufficient for our advisor to adhere more closely to our investment guidelines, although we cannot predict how long our ramp-up period will last and cannot provide assurances that we will be able to raise sufficient proceeds in this offering to accomplish this objective. During our ramp-up period, the percentages of our gross assets comprised of various categories of assets may fluctuate as we identify investment opportunities and make investments with a combination of proceeds from this offering and proceeds from borrowings. If we raise substantially less than the maximum offering amount, the percentage of our gross assets comprised of properties may be greater than other categories due to the current composition of our portfolio.
Investments in Properties
We generally invest in properties in large metropolitan areas that are well-leased with a stable tenant base and predictable income. However, we may make investments in properties with other characteristics if we believe that the investments have the potential to enhance portfolio diversification or investment returns, as further described under Value Creation Opportunities.
We intend to manage risk through constructing and managing a broadly diversified portfolio of properties in developed markets around the world. We believe that a broadly diversified investment portfolio may offer investors significant benefits for a given level of risk relative to a more concentrated investment portfolio. In addition, we believe that assembling a diversified tenant base by investing in multiple properties and property types across multiple markets and geographic regions may mitigate the economic impacts associated with tenants potentially defaulting under their leases, since lease revenues represent the primary source of income from our real estate investments.
We will also focus on acquiring and managing a portfolio of properties that provides tenants and residents with modern functionality and location desirability in order to avoid near-term obsolescence. We will generally
61
invest in well-designed buildings that we believe present an attractive appearance, have been and are properly maintained and require minimal capital improvements in the near term. We generally do not intend to acquire higher risk and higher return properties in need of significant renovation, redevelopment or repositioning; however, we may invest in these types of properties if we believe attractive risk-adjusted investment returns can be achieved through proactive management techniques or value-add programs, as further described under Value Creation Opportunities.
Our board of directors is responsible for determining the consideration we pay for each property we acquire. However, our board has adopted investment guidelines that delegate this authority to our advisor, so long as our advisor complies with the investment guidelines. The investment guidelines limit the types of assets that may be purchased and sold and, depending on the type of transaction, limit the transaction amounts that may be executed without the specific approval of our board. Our board may change from time to time the scope of authority delegated to our advisor.
Property Types
We have and plan to continue to primarily invest in the following property types:
Office Properties. Office sector properties are generally categorized based upon location and quality. Buildings may be located in Central Business Districts, or CBDs, or suburbs. Buildings are also classified by general quality and size, ranging from Class A properties which are generally large-scale buildings of the highest-quality to Class C buildings which are below investment grade. We intend to invest in Class A or B office properties that are near executive housing, have sufficient transportation access or are located within well-established suburban office/business parks or CBDs. We also anticipate that a portion of the office properties in which we invest will be medical office and healthcare related facilities. We expect the duration of our office leases to be generally between five to ten years which can help mitigate the volatility of our portfolios income.
Retail Properties. The retail sector is comprised of five main formats: neighborhood retail, community centers, regional centers, super-regional centers and single-tenant stores. Location, convenience, accessibility and tenant mix are generally considered to be among the key criteria for successful retail investments. Retail leases tend to range from three to five years for small tenants and ten to fifteen years for large anchor tenants. Leases, particularly for anchor tenants, may include a base payment plus a percentage of retail sales. Income and population density are generally considered to be key drivers of local retail demand. We will seek investments in retail properties that are located within densely populated residential areas with favorable demographic characteristics and near other retail and service amenities.
Industrial Properties. Industrial properties are generally categorized as warehouse/distribution centers, research and development facilities, flex space or manufacturing. The performance of industrial properties is typically dependent on the proximity to economic centers and the movement of global trade and goods. In addition, industrial properties typically utilize a triple-net lease structure pursuant to which the tenant is generally responsible for property operating expenses in addition to base rent which can help mitigate the risks associated with rising expenses. We intend to invest in industrial properties that are located in major distribution hubs and near transportation modes such as port facilities, airports, rail lines and major highway systems.
Apartment Properties. Apartment properties are generally defined as having five or more dwelling units that are part of a single complex and offered for rental use as opposed to detached single-family residential properties. There are three main types of apartment propertiesgarden-style (mostly one-story apartments), low-rise and high-rise. Apartments generally have the lowest vacancy rates of any property type, with the better performing properties typically located in urban markets or locations with strong employment and demographic dynamics. We plan to invest in apartment properties that are located in or near employment centers with favorable potential for employment growth and conveniently situated with access to transportation and retail and service amenities. Traditional apartment properties are generally leased by apartment unit to individual tenants for one year terms. We also anticipate that we will continue to own and invest in student apartment communities which are typically leased on an individual lease basis by bed and for a term of one year or less.
62
Global Target Markets
In general, we seek to invest in properties in well-established locations within large metropolitan areas and with the potential for above average population or employment growth. Although we have and expect to continue to focus on investing primarily in developed locations throughout the United States, we anticipate that we will also invest a substantial portion of the proceeds of this offering in markets outside of the United States. We believe that an allocation to international investments that meet our investment policies will contribute meaningfully to the diversification of our portfolio, the ability for us to identify favorable income-generating investments and the potential for achieving attractive long-term returns. We believe that opportunities for attractive risk-adjusted returns exist both within the United States and globally. Most of our investments outside of the United States will be in core properties in stabilized, well-developed markets within Europe and the Asia Pacific region. We believe that our strategy to acquire properties on a global basis will provide for a well-diversified portfolio that will generate attractive current returns and optimize long-term value for our stockholders.
We believe that having access to our sponsors global real estate services business, with approximately 45,500 employees in 1,000 locations in 70 countries will be a valuable resource to our advisor when sourcing and evaluating potential international investment opportunities. However, we cannot assure investors that we will be able to successfully manage the various risks associated with, and unique to, investing in foreign markets.
Ownership Interest
Although we generally seek to acquire the entire equity ownership interest in properties in which we invest, we also have entered and may continue to enter into joint ventures, general partnerships, co-tenancies and other participation arrangements with other investors to acquire properties. In most cases in which less than the entire equity ownership interest is acquired, we seek to obtain critical elements of control. We will generally acquire fee simple interests for the properties (in which we own both the land and the building improvements), but may consider leased fee and leasehold interests if we believe the investment is consistent with our investment strategy and objectives.
Tenancy and Leasing
In general, we will seek a favorable mix of tenants in properties in our portfolio to achieve greater economic diversification than is afforded by geographic and property type considerations alone. We will strive to maintain a stable blend of national and international credit tenants and creditworthy regional and local tenants. Tenancy criteria and diversification are applied at the property level as well as at the portfolio level.
The length of tenancy generally will reflect local market conditions for each property. However, if possible, we will seek to negotiate longer-term leases to reduce the cash flow volatility associated with lease rollovers, provided that contractual rent increases are included. We will attempt to manage lease rollover risk on a portfolio basis. Where appropriate, we will also seek leases that provide for operating expenses, or expense increases, to be paid by the tenants.
Due Diligence
Our advisor will perform a comprehensive due diligence review on each property that it proposes to purchase on our behalf. As part of this review, our advisor will obtain an environmental site assessment for each property (which at a minimum includes a Phase I assessment) and structural condition reports. Our advisor will not continue consideration of the purchase of any property unless it is generally satisfied with the physical and environmental status of the property as well as the propertys tenancy. Our advisor will also generally seek to condition our obligation to acquire the property on the delivery and verification of certain documents from the seller or developer, including, where appropriate:
| |
plans and specifications; |
| |
surveys; |
63
| |
evidence of marketable title; |
| |
title and liability insurance policies; |
| |
asbestos, soil, physical, structural and engineering reports; |
| |
evidence of compliance with zoning, the Americans with Disabilities Act, and fair housing laws; |
| |
tenant leases and other relevant legal documents; and |
| |
financial statements covering recent operations of properties having operating histories. |
Value Creation Opportunities
We may periodically seek to enhance investment returns through various value creation opportunities. While there are no specific limitations on the nature or amount of these types of investments, in the aggregate they are not expected to materially change the risk profile of the overall portfolio. Examples of likely value creation investments include properties with significant leasing risk, forward purchase commitments, development/construction opportunities and nontraditional or mixed-use property types. These investments generally have a higher risk and higher return profile than traditional properties.
Disposition Policies
We anticipate that we will hold most of our properties for an extended period. However, we may determine to sell a property before the end of its anticipated holding period. We will monitor each investment within the portfolio and the overall portfolio composition for appropriateness in meeting our investment objectives. Our advisor may determine to sell a property before the end of its anticipated holding period if:
| |
an opportunity has arisen to enhance overall investment returns by reallocating capital through sale of the property; |
| |
there are diversification benefits associated with disposing of the property and rebalancing our investment portfolio; |
| |
there exists a need to generate liquidity to satisfy repurchase requests, to pay distributions to our stockholders or for working capital; |
| |
in the judgment of our advisor, the value of the property might decline or underperform as compared to our investment objectives; |
| |
an opportunity has arisen to pursue a more attractive investment; |
| |
the property was acquired as part of a portfolio acquisition and does not meet our investment guidelines; or |
| |
in the judgment of our advisor, the sale of the property is in our best interests. |
Generally, we will reinvest proceeds from the sale, financing or other disposition of properties in a manner consistent with our investment strategy, although we may be required to distribute such proceeds to the stockholders in order to comply with REIT requirements or in other instances.
Investments in Real Estate-Related Assets
We may invest a portion of our portfolio in real estate-related assets other than properties. These assets may include the common and preferred stock of publicly-traded real estate-related companies, preferred equity interests, mortgage loans and other real estate-related equity and debt instruments. We expect that up to 25% of
64
our overall portfolio may be invested in real estate-related assets. We believe that our advisors ability to acquire real estate-related assets in conjunction with acquiring a diverse portfolio of properties affords us additional liquidity and further diversification, which provides greater financial flexibility and discretion to construct an investment portfolio designed to achieve our investment objectives. Our charter requires that any investment in equity securities (other than equity securities traded on a national securities exchange or included for quotation on an inter-dealer quotation system) not within the specific parameters of our investment guidelines adopted by our board of directors must be approved by a majority of our directors (including a majority of our independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction as being fair, competitive and commercially reasonable.
We may invest in mortgage loans consistent with the requirements for qualification as a REIT. We may originate or acquire interests in mortgage loans, generally on the same types of properties we might otherwise buy. These mortgage loans may pay fixed or variable interest rates or have participating features described below. Normally, our mortgage loans will be secured by income-producing properties. They usually will be non-recourse, which means they will not be the borrowers personal obligations. We expect that most will be first mortgage loans, with first priority liens on the property. These loans may provide for payments of principal and interest or may provide for interest-only payments, with a balloon payment at maturity.
We may make mortgage loans that permit us to participate in the revenues from or appreciation of the underlying property consistent with the rules applicable to qualification as a REIT. These participations will let us receive additional interest, usually calculated as a percentage of the gross income the borrower receives from operating, selling or refinancing the property above cost. We may also receive an option to buy an interest in the property securing the participating loan.
Subject to the percentage of ownership limitations and gross income and asset requirements required for REIT qualification, we may invest in equity securities of companies engaged in real estate activities, including for the purpose of exercising control over such entities. Companies engaged in real estate activities may include, for example, REITs that either own properties or make real estate loans, real estate developers, entities with substantial real estate holdings such as limited partnerships, funds and other commingled investment vehicles, and other companies whose products and services are related to the real estate industry, such as mortgage lenders or mortgage servicing companies. We may acquire all or substantially all of the securities or assets of companies engaged in real estate activities where such investment would be consistent with our investment policies and our status as a REIT. We may also acquire exchange traded funds and mutual funds focused on REITs and real estate companies. In any event, we do not intend that our investments in securities will require us to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, and we intend to generally divest appropriate securities before any such registration would be required.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Other Short-Term Investments
We intend to invest up to 15% of our assets in cash, cash equivalents and other short-term investments. These types of investments may include the following, to the extent consistent with our qualification as a REIT:
| |
money market instruments, cash and other cash equivalents (such as high-quality short-term debt instruments, including commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances, repurchase agreements, interest- bearing time deposits and credit rated corporate debt securities); |
| |
U.S. government or government agency securities; and |
| |
credit rated corporate debt or asset-backed securities of U.S. or foreign entities, or credit rated debt securities of foreign governments or multi-national organizations. |
Other Investments
We may, but do not presently intend to, make investments other than as previously described. At all times, we intend to make investments in such a manner consistent with maintaining our qualification as a REIT under the Code. We do not intend to underwrite securities of other issuers.
65
Borrowing Policies
We intend to use financial leverage to provide additional funds to support our investment activities. Historically, we have attempted to limit our overall portfolio leverage to 65% at the time we made our investments (portfolio leverage is calculated as our share of the current property debt balance divided by the fair value of all our real estate investments). However, declining commercial property values have caused our portfolio leverage to increase above our target leverage ratio of 65%. Based upon the valuation declines in our portfolio, our loan-to-value as of June 30, 2012 was approximately 73%. During the ramp-up period, we intend to use lower amounts of leverage, if any, to finance our new acquisitions in order to reduce our overall portfolio leverage. As a result, as we progress toward our long-term target leverage ratio during the ramp-up period, we expect that our leverage will not exceed our most recently reported leverage ratio of 73% of the gross value of our assets as of June 30, 2012. We also intend to use a portion of the net proceeds from this offering to retire some of our property-level borrowings. After the completion of our ramp-up period, we expect that we will maintain a leverage ratio of between approximately 30% and 50% of the gross value of our assets, inclusive of property and entity level debt.
If we decide to obtain a line of credit and are able to do so, borrowings under the line may be used to fund acquisitions or for any other corporate purpose. We currently do not intend to use any borrowings under any line of credit that we may obtain to fund repurchases of our shares, but we may determine to do so in the future.
Our actual leverage level will be affected by a number of factors, some of which are outside our control. Significant inflows of proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock will generally cause our leverage as a percentage of the gross value of our assets or our leverage ratio, to decrease, at least temporarily, while significant outflows of equity as a result of repurchases of shares of our common stock will generally cause our leverage ratio to increase, at least temporarily. Our leverage ratio will also increase or decrease with decreases or increases, respectively, in the value of our portfolio. If we borrow under a line of credit, our leverage would increase and may exceed our target leverage. In such cases, our leverage may remain at the higher level until we receive additional net proceeds from our continuous offering or sell some of our assets to repay outstanding indebtedness.
Our board of directors will review our aggregate borrowings at least quarterly. In connection with such review, our board of directors may determine to modify our financial leverage policy in light of then-current economic conditions, relative costs of debt and equity capital, fair values of our properties, general conditions in the market for debt and equity securities, growth and investment opportunities or other factors. If we obtain a line of credit, we will consider actual borrowings when determining whether or not we are at our leverage target, but not unused borrowing capacity. If, therefore, we are within our target leverage ratio range of between 30% and 50% and we borrow additional amounts under a line of credit, or if the value of our portfolio decreases, our leverage could exceed 30% to 50% of the gross value of our assets. In the event that our leverage ratio exceeds our target range, regardless of the reason, we will thereafter endeavor to manage our leverage back down to within our target range.
There is no limitation on the amount we may invest in any single improved real property. However, we are precluded from borrowing more than approximately 75% of the sum of the cost of our investments (before non-cash reserves and depreciation), which is based upon the limit specified in our charter that borrowing may not exceed 300% of the cost of our net assets. Net assets is defined as our total assets other than intangibles valued at cost (prior to deducting depreciation and amortization, reserves for bad debts and other non-cash reserves) less total liabilities. However, we may temporarily borrow in excess of these amounts if such excess is approved by a majority of our board, including a majority of our independent directors, and disclosed to stockholders in our next quarterly report, along with justification for such excess. In such event, we will review our debt levels at that time and take action to reduce any such excess as soon as practicable. We are currently in compliance with the charter limitations on our indebtedness.
Our charter prohibits us from obtaining loans from any of our directors, our advisor, our sponsor or any of their affiliates, unless approved by a majority of our board of directors (including a majority of our independent
66
directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction as fair, competitive and commercially reasonable and on terms and conditions not less favorable than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties under the same or similar circumstances.
Transactions with Affiliates
We may not acquire or lease any properties from our directors, our advisor, our sponsor or any of their affiliates without a determination by a majority of our board of directors (including a majority of our independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction that the terms of the transaction are fair and reasonable and at a price to us no greater than the cost of the property to such director, our sponsor, our advisor or affiliate thereof unless there is substantial justification for such excess amount and such excess is reasonable. In all cases in which real property is acquired from our advisor, our sponsor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates, the fair market value of the property shall be determined by an independent expert selected by our independent directors not otherwise interested in the transaction.
In addition, we may not make any loans to our directors, our advisor, our sponsor or any of their affiliates except for certain mortgages described inCharter Imposed Limitations below or loans to wholly owned subsidiaries and we may not sell or lease assets to our directors, our advisor, our sponsor or any of their affiliates unless a majority of our board of directors (including a majority of our independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction approve the transaction as fair and reasonable to us. Our charter also prohibits us from investing in mortgage loans or making mortgage loans in which the transaction is with our advisor, our sponsor, our directors or any of their affiliates unless an appraisal is obtained from an independent appraiser or that are subordinate to any mortgage or equity interest of our advisor, our sponsor, our directors or any of their affiliates.
Our charter prohibits us from borrowing funds from our advisor, our sponsor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates unless approved by a majority of our board of directors (including a majority of our independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction as fair, competitive and commercially reasonable and on terms and conditions not less favorable than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties under the same or similar circumstances. This prohibition on loans will only apply to advances of cash that are commonly viewed as loans, as determined by the board of directors. By way of example only, the prohibition on loans would not restrict advances of cash for legal expenses or other costs incurred as a result of any legal action for which indemnification is being sought, nor would the prohibition limit our ability to advance reimbursable expenses incurred by directors or officers, our advisor, our sponsor or their affiliates.
We may not enter into joint venture or co-ownership arrangements with our sponsor, our advisor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates, unless a majority of our directors (including a majority of our independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction determine that the transaction is fair and reasonable to us and on substantially the same terms and conditions as those received by the other joint venturers, in each case consistent with the limitations otherwise applicable to transactions with our advisor and their affiliates described above.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
In the normal course of our business, we are exposed to the effect of interest rate changes, price changes and currency fluctuations and may seek to limit these risks by following established risk management policies and procedures including the use of derivatives. To mitigate exposure to variability in interest rates, derivatives may be used primarily to fix the rate on debt based on floating-rate indices and manage the cost of borrowing obligations.
We may use a variety of commonly used derivative products, including interest rate swaps, caps, collars, floors and currency hedging. We have a policy of entering into contracts with only major financial institutions
67
based upon minimum credit ratings and other factors. We will periodically review the effectiveness of each hedging transaction. We will attempt to conduct our hedging activities in a manner consistent with the REIT qualification requirements.
Investment Company Act Considerations
We intend to conduct our operations so that neither we nor any of our subsidiaries are an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act. Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuers total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. Excluded from the term investment securities, among other things, are U.S. government securities and securities issued by majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exception from the definition of investment company set forth in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.
We expect that neither we nor any of our subsidiaries will fall within the definition of investment company under Section 3(a)(1)(A). However, if we do fall within such definition, we believe that we and our subsidiaries would still qualify for the exclusion from the definition of investment company provided by Rule 3a-1 under the Investment Company Act. Rule 3a-1 generally provides that, notwithstanding Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act, an issuer will not be deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act provided that (1) it does not hold itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities, and (2) on an unconsolidated basis except as otherwise provided, no more than 45% of the value of its total assets, consolidated with the assets of any wholly owned subsidiary (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items), consists of, and no more than 45% of its net income after taxes, consolidated with the net income of any wholly owned subsidiary, (for the last four fiscal quarters combined) is derived from, securities other than U.S. government securities, securities issued by employees securities companies, securities issued by majority owned subsidiaries of such company that are not investment companies nor relying on the exclusion from the definition of investment company in Section 3(b)(3), Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act and securities issued by companies that are controlled primarily by such company, are not investment companies and through which such company engages in a business other than that of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. We believe that we and our subsidiaries will satisfy this exclusion and we will monitor our holdings to ensure continuing and ongoing compliance with Rule 3a-1.
In addition, we believe that neither we nor any of our subsidiaries will be considered an investment company under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act because we will not engage primarily or hold ourselves out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Rather, we will be primarily engaged in the non-investment company business of the subsidiaries, namely the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring real property, mortgages and other interests in real estate.
Finally, to maintain compliance with the Investment Company Act exceptions, we may be unable to sell assets we would otherwise want to sell and may need to sell assets we would otherwise wish to retain. In addition, we may have to acquire additional income- or loss-generating assets that we might not otherwise have acquired or may have to forego opportunities to acquire interests in companies that we would otherwise want to acquire and that may be important to our investment strategy. Our advisor will continually review our investment activity to attempt to ensure that we will not be regulated as an investment company. See Risk FactorsRisks Related Our Corporate StructureYour investment return may be reduced if we are deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
68
Charter-Imposed Investment Limitations
Our charter places numerous limitations on us with respect to the manner in which we may invest our funds prior to a listing of our common stock. Until our common stock is listed, we may not:
| |
make investments in unimproved real property or indebtedness secured by a deed of trust or mortgage loans on unimproved real property in excess of 10% of our total assets. Unimproved real property means a property in which we have an equity interest that was not acquired for the purpose of producing rental or other income, that has no development or construction in process and for which no development or construction is planned, in good faith, to commence within one year; |
| |
invest in commodities or commodity futures contracts, except for futures contracts when used solely for the purpose of hedging in connection with our ordinary business of investing in real property; |
| |
invest in real estate contracts of sale, otherwise known as land sale contracts, unless the contract is in recordable form and is appropriately recorded in the chain of title; |
| |
make or invest in individual mortgage loans (excluding any investments in mortgage pools, commercial mortgage-backed securities or residential mortgage-backed securities) unless an appraisal is obtained concerning the underlying property except for those mortgage loans insured or guaranteed by a government or government agency. In cases where a majority of our independent directors determines and in all cases in which the transaction is with our advisor, our sponsor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates, the appraisal shall be obtained from an independent appraiser. We will maintain the appraisal in our records for at least five years and it will be available for inspection and duplication by stockholders. We will also obtain a mortgagees or owners title insurance policy as to the priority of the mortgage; |
| |
make or invest in mortgage loans that are subordinate to any lien or other indebtedness of any of our directors, our sponsor, our advisor or their affiliates; |
| |
issue (1) equity securities redeemable solely at the option of the holder (except that stockholders may offer their shares of our common stock to us pursuant to our share repurchase plan), (2) debt securities unless the historical debt service coverage (in the most recently completed fiscal year) as adjusted for known changes is anticipated to be sufficient to properly service that higher level of debt or (3) options or warrants to the directors, our sponsor, our advisor, or any of their affiliates, except on the same terms as such options or warrants, if any, are sold to the general public; options or warrants may be issued to persons other than the directors, our sponsor, our advisor, or any of their affiliates, but not at exercise prices less than the fair value of the underlying securities on the date of grant and not for consideration (which may include services) that in the judgment of the independent directors has a fair value less than the value of the option or warrant on the date of grant. Any options or warrants issuable to our advisor, our directors, our sponsor or any of their affiliates shall not exceed an amount equal to 10% of the outstanding shares of our common stock on the date of grant; |
| |
make or invest in mortgage loans, including construction loans but excluding any investment in commercial mortgage-backed securities or residential mortgage-backed securities, on any one real property if the aggregate amount of all mortgage loans on such real property would exceed an amount equal to 85% of the appraised value of such real property as determined by appraisal unless substantial justification exists because of the presence of other underwriting criteria; |
| |
issue equity securities on a deferred payment basis or other similar arrangement; |
| |
engage in the business of securities trading, underwriting or the agency distribution of securities issued by other persons; |
| |
make any investment that we believe will be inconsistent with our objectives of qualifying and remaining qualified as a REIT unless and until our board of directors determines, in its sole discretion, that REIT qualification is not in our best interests; or |
69
| |
acquire interests or equity securities in any entity holding investments or engaging in activities prohibited by our charter except for investments in which we hold a non-controlling interest or investments in any entity having securities listed on a national securities exchange or included for quotation on an interdealer quotation system. |
70
Real Estate Portfolio
Our investments in real estate assets as of June 30, 2012 consisted of our interest in properties that are consolidated in our consolidated financial statements, including interests in seven joint ventures, which we refer to as our consolidated properties, and interests in two additional joint ventures that own real estate, which we refer to as our unconsolidated properties. As of June 30, 2012, our real estate portfolio was comprised of interests in 33 properties located in 11 states and one property in Canada and was approximately 90% leased. Our operating real estate portfolio includes an aggregate original investment amount of $861.6 million and consists of interests in:
| |
21 office properties, aggregating approximately 1,746,000 net rentable square feet, our interests in which represent approximately 44% of the aggregate estimated market value of our portfolio; |
| |
four retail properties, aggregating approximately 1,479,000 net rentable square feet, our interests in which represent approximately 25% of the aggregate estimated market value of our portfolio; |
| |
two industrial properties, aggregating approximately 1,111,000 net rentable square feet, our interests in which represent approximately 6% of the aggregate estimated market value of our portfolio; and |
| |
seven apartment properties, aggregating approximately 2,337,000 net rentable square feet, our interests in which represent approximately 25% of the aggregate estimated market value of our portfolio. |
The following tables provide information regarding our consolidated and unconsolidated real estate properties as of June 30, 2012. All properties are 100% owned unless otherwise specified.
Consolidated Properties
|
Property Name (1) |
Location |
Net Rentable
Square Feet |
Leased as
of June 30, 2012 |
Original
Investment Amount (in thousands) |
% of Minimum Base
Rent as of June 30, 2012 (2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Monument IV at Worldgate |
Herndon, VA | 228,000 | 43 | % | $ | 59,600 | 3.8 | % | ||||||||||
|
Dignity Health Office Portfolio |
||||||||||||||||||
|
300 Old River Road |
Bakersfield, CA | 37,000 | 100 | 6,800 | 0.9 | |||||||||||||
|
500 Old River Road |
Bakersfield, CA | 30,000 | 81 | 5,600 | 0.7 | |||||||||||||
|
500 West Thomas Road |
Phoenix, AZ | 169,000 | 89 | 32,000 | 3.2 | |||||||||||||
|
1500 South Central Ave |
Glendale, CA | 37,000 | 94 | 7,900 | 0.6 | |||||||||||||
|
14600 Sherman Way |
Van Nuys, CA | 50,000 | 80 | 9,100 | 1.1 | |||||||||||||
|
14624 Sherman Way |
Van Nuys, CA | 53,000 | 66 | 10,400 | 0.9 | |||||||||||||
|
18350 Roscoe Blvd |
Northridge, CA | 68,000 | 87 | 14,000 | 2.1 | |||||||||||||
|
18460 Roscoe Blvd |
Northridge, CA | 25,000 | 100 | 5,100 | 0.7 | |||||||||||||
|
18546 Roscoe Blvd |
Northridge, CA | 41,000 | 75 | 7,800 | 1.1 | |||||||||||||
|
4545 East Chandler |
Chandler, AZ | 49,000 | 60 | 7,800 | 0.8 | |||||||||||||
|
485 South Dobson |
Chandler, AZ | 43,000 | 63 | 10,000 | 0.6 | |||||||||||||
|
1501 North Gilbert |
Gilbert, AZ | 38,000 | 69 | 7,300 | 0.7 | |||||||||||||
|
116 South Palisade |
Santa Maria, CA | 33,000 | 95 | 4,900 | 0.8 | |||||||||||||
|
525 East Plaza |
Santa Maria, CA | 44,000 | 75 | 9,700 | 0.9 | |||||||||||||
|
10440 East Riggs |
Chandler, AZ | 40,000 | 54 | 5,400 | 0.5 | |||||||||||||
|
4 Research Park Drive |
St. Charles, MO | 60,000 | 100 | 11,300 | 1.3 | |||||||||||||
|
36 Research Park Drive |
St. Charles, MO | 81,000 | 100 | 17,300 | 1.8 | |||||||||||||
|
Canyon Plaza |
San Diego, CA | 199,000 | 100 | 55,000 | 5.8 | |||||||||||||
|
Railway Street Corporate Centre |
Calgary, Canada | 135,000 | 71 | 42,600 | 3.9 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
Total Office |
1,460,000 | $ | 329,600 | 32.2 | % | |||||||||||||
71
|
Property Name (1) |
Location |
Net Rentable
Square Feet |
Leased as
of June 30, 2012 |
Original
Investment Amount (in thousands) |
% of Minimum Base
Rent as of June 30, 2012 (2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Marketplace at Northglenn (3) |
Northglenn, CO | 439,000 | 85 | % | $ | 91,500 | 7.4 | % | ||||||||||
|
Stirling Slidell Shopping Centre |
Slidell, LA | 139,000 | 72 | 23,100 | 1.8 | |||||||||||||
|
The District at Howell Mill (4) |
Atlanta, GA | 306,000 | 99 | 69,200 | 6.8 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
Total Retail |
884,000 | $ | 183,800 | 16.0 | % | |||||||||||||
|
105 Kendall Park Lane |
Atlanta, GA | 409,000 | 100 | 18,800 | 2.0 | |||||||||||||
|
4001 North Norfleet Road |
Kansas City, MO | 702,000 | 100 | 37,900 | 4.3 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
Total Industrial |
1,111,000 | $ | 56,700 | 6.3 | % | |||||||||||||
|
Station Nine Apartments |
Durham, NC | 312,000 | 85 | % | $ | 56,400 | 6.6 | % | ||||||||||
|
Cabana Beach San Marcos (5)(6) |
San Marcos, TX | 258,000 | 94 | 23,400 | 6.1 | |||||||||||||
|
Cabana Beach Gainesville (5)(6) |
Gainesville, FL | 598,000 | 89 | 58,700 | 10.1 | |||||||||||||
|
Campus Lodge Athens (5)(6) |
Athens, GA | 229,000 | 99 | 16,400 | 3.6 | |||||||||||||
|
Campus Lodge Columbia (5)(6) |
Columbia, MO | 256,000 | 90 | 19,600 | 5.9 | |||||||||||||
|
The Edge at Lafayette (5)(6) |
Lafayette, LA | 207,000 | 99 | 20,900 | 5.0 | |||||||||||||
|
Campus Lodge Tampa (5)(6) |
Tampa, FL | 477,000 | 97 | 36,500 | 8.2 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
Total Apartment |
2,337,000 | $ | 231,900 | 45.5 | % | |||||||||||||
|
Total |
5,792,000 | $ | 802,000 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
| (1) | As of June 30, 2012, no individual propertys book value exceeded 10% of our total assets, and no individual propertys gross revenues exceeded 10% of our gross revenues. |
| (2) | Percent of minimum base rent represents the propertys base rent (excluding above- and below-market lease amortization, tenant recoveries, percentage rents and straight-line rental income) divided by our total base rent for the six months ended June 30, 2012. |
| (3) | On July 11, 2012, we relinquished our ownership of this property to the lender through foreclosure in satisfaction of the mortgage. |
| (4) | We own an 88% interest in the joint venture that owns a fee interest in this property. |
| (5) | This apartment property is located near a university. The occupancy fluctuates during summer months due to leasing efforts before the school year. |
| (6) | We own a 78% interest in the joint venture that owns a fee interest in this property. The remaining 22% ownership interest is owned by an affiliate of LaSalle. |
Unconsolidated Properties
|
Property Name |
Type | Location |
Net Rentable
Square Feet |
Leased
as of June 30, 2012 |
Original
Investment Amount (in thousands) |
|||||||||||
|
Legacy Village (1) |
Retail | Lyndhurst, OH | 595,000 | 91 | % | $ | 35,000 | |||||||||
|
111 Sutter Street (2) |
Office | San Francisco, CA | 286,000 | 91 | 24,600 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
Total |
881,000 | $ | 59,600 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
| (1) | We own a 47% interest in the joint venture that owns a fee interest in this property. |
| (2) | We own an 80% interest in the joint venture that owns a fee interest in this property. |
72
Top Ten Tenants
The following table sets forth the top ten tenants, of our consolidated properties, based on their percentage of annualized minimum base rent as of June 30, 2012:
|
Tenants |
Property |
Line of Business |
Date of Lease
Expiration |
Lease
Renewal
|
|
Annual
Minimum Base Rent (in thousands) (1) |
|
|
% of
Total Area |
|
|
%
of
Annualized Minimum Base Rent (2) |
|
|||||||
|
Conexant Systems, Inc. |
Canyon Plaza | Communications |
June 20,
2017 |
Two 5-year
options |
$ | 4,115 | 3.4 | % | 5.7 | % | ||||||||||
|
Dignity Health |
Dignity Health Office Portfolio | Healthcare | Varies | Varies | 3,023 | 3.3 | 4.2 | |||||||||||||
|
Musicians Friend, Inc. |
4001 North Norfleet Road | Retailer | Feb. 28, 2017 |
Three 5-
year options |
2,976 | 12.1 | 4.1 | |||||||||||||
|
Westar Aerospace & Defense Group, Inc. |
4 & 36 Research Park Drive |
Technical and Scientific Research Services |
Varies | Varies | 2,300 | 2.4 | 3.2 | |||||||||||||
|
Acuity Specialty Products Group, Inc. |
105 Kendall Park Lane |
Specialty Chemical Products |
April 30,
2017 |
Two 5-year
options |
1,484 | 7.1 | 2.1 | |||||||||||||
|
Ross Stores |
The District at Howell Mill, Marketplace at Northglenn (3) and Stirling Slidell Shopping Centre | Retailer | Varies | Varies | 1,334 | 1.6 | 1.9 | |||||||||||||
|
PetSmart Stores |
The District at Howell Mill, Marketplace at Northglenn (3) and Stirling Slidell Shopping Centre | Retailer | Varies | Varies | 906 | 1.1 | 1.3 | |||||||||||||
|
Office Depot, Inc. |
The District at Howell Mill and Marketplace at Northglenn (3) | Retailer | Varies | Varies | 807 | 0.9 | 1.1 | |||||||||||||
|
AECOM Canada, Ltd. |
Railway Street Corporate Centre |
Technical and Management Support Services |
August 31,
2015 |
One 2-year
option |
709 | 0.6 | 1.0 | |||||||||||||
|
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. |
The District at Howell Mill | Retailer |
October 17,
2026 |
None | 692 | 2.6 | 1.0 | |||||||||||||
|
Total |
$ | 18,346 | 35.1 | % | 25.6 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| (1) | Annual minimum base rent is calculated as annualized monthly in-place minimum base rent excluding any above- and below-market lease amortization, straight-line rents, tenant recoveries and percentage rent revenues. |
| (2) | Percent of annualized minimum base rent is calculated as annualized in-place minimum base rent excluding any above- and below-market lease amortization, straight-line rents, tenant recoveries and percentage rent revenues in the year of lease expiration divided by our total annualized minimum base rent. |
| (3) | We expect that we will ultimately relinquish our ownership of this property to the lender with a deed in lieu of foreclosure or other alternative transaction including foreclosure in satisfaction of the mortgage. |
73
Geographic Concentration
The following table provides information regarding the geographic concentration of our real estate portfolio as of June 30, 2012:
|
Market |
Consolidated Properties | Unconsolidated Properties |
Consolidated and
Unconsolidated Properties |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Number of
Properties |
Net
Rentable Square Feet |
Estimated
Percent of Fair Value |
Properties |
Net
Rentable Square Feet |
Estimated
Percent of Fair Value |
Properties |
Net
Rentable Square Feet |
Estimated
Percent of Fair Value |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
East |
2 | 540,000 | 15 | % | | | | % | 2 | 540,000 | 13 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
West |
18 | 1,653,000 | 39 | 1 | 286,000 | 53 | 19 | 1,939,000 | 41 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Midwest |
4 | 1,099,000 | 12 | 1 | 595,000 | 47 | 5 | 1,694,000 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
South |
7 | 2,365,000 | 28 | | | | 7 | 2,365,000 | 23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
International |
1 | 135,000 | 6 | | | | 1 | 135,000 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Total |
32 | 5,792,000 | 100 | % | 2 | 881,000 | 100 | % | 34 | 6,673,000 | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Operating Statistics
With the exception of our apartment properties which are subject to short-term leases, we generally invest in properties with high occupancy rates leased to quality tenants under long-term, non-cancelable leases. We believe our leases are beneficial to achieving our investment objectives.
The following table shows our operating statistics by property sector for our consolidated properties as of June 30, 2012:
|
Number of
Properties |
Total Area
(Sq. Ft.) |
% of Total
Area |
Occupancy
% |
% of the Aggregate
Market Value of the Portfolio |
Average Minimum
Base Rent per Occupied (Sq. Ft.) (1) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Consolidated Properties |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Office: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Commercial Office |
5 | 703,000 | 12.1 | % | 75.9 | % | 23 | % | $ | 20.26 | ||||||||||||||
|
Medical Office |
15 | 757,000 | 13.1 | 79.8 | 19 | 17.82 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Retail |
3 | 884,000 | 15.3 | 87.8 | 21 | 14.06 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Industrial |
2 | 1,111,000 | 19.2 | 100.0 | 7 | 4.02 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Apartment |
7 | 2,337,000 | 40.3 | 92.6 | 30 | 15.50 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
Total |
32 | 5,792,000 | 100.0 | % | 89.6 | % | 100 | % | $ | 13.62 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
| (1) | Amount calculated as in-place minimum base rent for all occupied space at June 30, 2012 and excludes any above- and below-market lease amortization, straight-line rents, tenant recoveries and percentage rent revenues divided by total area. |
The following table shows our operating statistics by property sector for our unconsolidated properties as of June 30, 2012:
|
Number of
Properties |
Total Area
(Sq. Ft.) |
% of Total
Area |
Occupancy
% |
% of the Aggregate
Market Value of the Portfolio |
Average Minimum
Base Rent per Occupied (Sq. Ft.) (1) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Unconsolidated Properties |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Commercial Office |
1 | 286,000 | 32.5 | % | 91.0 | % | 53 | % | $ | 32.73 | ||||||||||||||
|
Retail |
1 | 595,000 | 67.5 | 91.0 | 47 | 20.44 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
Total |
2 | 881,000 | 100.0 | % | 91.0 | % | 100 | % | $ | 24.47 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
| (1) | Amount calculated as in-place minimum base rent for all occupied space at June 30, 2012 and excludes any above- and below-market lease amortization, straight-line rents, tenant recoveries and percentage rent revenues divided by total area. |
74
As of June 30, 2012, our average effective annual rent per square foot, calculated as average minimum base rent per occupied square foot less tenant concessions and allowances, was $13.22 for our consolidated properties and $23.93 for our unconsolidated properties.
The following table shows the aggregate occupancy rates for our consolidated and unconsolidated properties as of June 30, 2012 and December 31 of each of the last five years. As of June 30, 2012, no individual propertys book value exceeded 10% of our total assets, and no individual propertys gross revenues exceeded 10% of our gross revenues.
|
Date |
Occupancy Rate for
Consolidated Properties |
Occupancy Rate for
Unconsolidated Properties |
||||||
|
June 30, 2012 |
89.6 | % | 91.0 | % | ||||
|
December 31, 2011 |
93.3 | 91.8 | ||||||
|
December 31, 2010 |
93.2 | 93.2 | ||||||
|
December 31, 2009 |
92.0 | 90.3 | ||||||
|
December 31, 2008 |
91.9 | 93.7 | ||||||
|
December 31, 2007 |
94.0 | 97.2 | ||||||
As of June 30, 2012, the scheduled lease expirations at our consolidated properties were as follows:
|
Year |
Number of Leases
Expiring |
Annualized Minimum
Base Rent (in thousands) (1) |
Square Footage |
Percentage of Annualized
Minimum Base Rent |
||||||||||||
|
2012 (2) |
28 | $ | 2,072 | 136,000 | 6.0 | % | ||||||||||
|
2013 |
54 | 2,831 | 162,000 | 8.2 | ||||||||||||
|
2014 |
50 | 4,025 | 284,000 | 11.7 | ||||||||||||
|
2015 |
34 | 3,670 | 219,000 | 10.6 | ||||||||||||
|
2016 |
27 | 2,823 | 118,000 | 8.2 | ||||||||||||
|
2017 and thereafter |
103 | 19,082 | 2,068,000 | 55.3 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
Total |
296 | $ | 34,503 | 2,987,000 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| (1) | Amount calculated as annualized in-place minimum base rent excluding any above- and below-market lease amortization, straight-line rents, tenant recoveries and percentage rent revenues as of June 30, 2012 presented in the year of lease expiration. |
| (2) | Does not include 5,061 leases totaling approximately 2,236,000 square feet and approximately $34,654 in annualized minimum base rent associated with our seven apartment investments. |
As of June 30, 2012, the scheduled lease expirations at our unconsolidated properties were as follows:
|
Year |
Number of
Leases Expiring |
Annualized Minimum
Base Rent (in thousands) (1) |
Square
Footage |
Percentage of
Annualized Minimum Base Rent |
||||||||||||
|
2012 |
5 | $ | 154 | 11,000 | 0.8 | % | ||||||||||
|
2013 |
27 | 4,331 | 131,000 | 22.3 | ||||||||||||
|
2014 |
23 | 2,530 | 83,000 | 13.0 | ||||||||||||
|
2015 |
13 | 2,435 | 76,000 | 12.6 | ||||||||||||
|
2016 |
16 | 3,136 | 90,000 | 16.2 | ||||||||||||
|
2017 and thereafter |
22 | 6,810 | 395,000 | 35.1 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
Total |
106 | $ | 19,396 | 786,000 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| (1) | Amount calculated as annualized in-place minimum base rent excluding any above- and below-market lease amortization, straight-line rents, tenant recoveries and percentage rent revenues as of June 30, 2012 presented in the year of lease expiration. |
75
Mortgage Financing
The following is a summary of the mortgage debt for our consolidated properties and our unconsolidated properties as of June 30, 2012 (dollar amounts in thousands).
|
Property |
Interest
Rate |
Maturity Date |
Principal
Balance |
Principal
Balance at Maturity |
Amortization
Period (Years) |
Prepayment
Provisions |
||||||||||||
|
Consolidated Properties: |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Marketplace at Northglenn (1) |
10.50 | % | October 2011 | $ | 61,269 | $ | 55,281 | 30 | Defeasance (2) | |||||||||
|
105 Kendall Park Lane (3) |
4.92 | September 2012 | 12,221 | 12,170 | 25 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
4001 North Norfleet Road |
5.60 | March 2013 | 24,152 | 23,937 | 30 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
36 Research Park Drive |
5.60 | July 2013 | 10,763 | 10,600 | 30 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
Monument IV at Worldgate |
5.29 | September 2013 | 35,195 | 35,195 | Interest only | None | ||||||||||||
|
Dignity Health Office Portfolio |
5.75 | November 2013 | 16,108 | 15,607 | 27 | Defeasance (2) | ||||||||||||
|
Dignity Health Office Portfolio |
5.75 | November 2013 | 14,019 | 14,067 | 27 | Defeasance (2) | ||||||||||||
|
Dignity Health Office Portfolio |
5.75 | November 2013 | 14,518 | 13,583 | 27 | Defeasance (2) | ||||||||||||
|
Dignity Health Office Portfolio |
5.79 | March 2014 | 31,774 | 30,575 | 27 | Defeasance (2) | ||||||||||||
|
Stirling Slidell Shopping Centre |
5.15 | April 2014 | 12,632 | 12,088 | 30 | Defeasance (2) | ||||||||||||
|
Cabana Beach Gainesville (5) |
5.57 | December 2014 | 47,508 | 45,735 | 30 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
Cabana Beach San Marcos (5) |
5.57 | December 2014 | 19,010 | 18,301 | 30 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
Campus Lodge Columbia (5) |
5.57 | December 2014 | 15,809 | 15,219 | 30 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
Campus Lodge Athens (5) |
5.57 | December 2014 | 13,276 | 12,781 | 30 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
The Edge at Lafayette (5) |
5.57 | February 2015 | 16,934 | 16,262 | 30 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
4 Research Park Drive |
6.05 | March 2015 | 6,517 | 5,956 | 25 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
Campus Lodge Tampa |
5.95 | October 2016 | 33,248 | 31,367 | 30 | Defeasance (2) | ||||||||||||
|
Station Nine Apartments |
5.50 | May 2017 | 36,885 | 36,885 | Interest only | Defeasance (2) | ||||||||||||
|
Canyon Plaza |
5.90 | June 2017 | 29,230 | 26,623 | 30 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
The District at Howell Mill |
6.14 | June 2017 | 9,990 | 9,321 | 30 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
Railway Street Corporate Centre |
5.16 | September 2017 | 29,022 | 26,812 | 30 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
The District at Howell Mill |
5.30 | March 2027 | 34,840 | 24,099 | 30 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
Unconsolidated Properties: |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Legacy Village |
5.63 | % | January 2014 | $ | 78,711 | $ | 74,211 | 25 | Yield Maintenance (4) | |||||||||
|
Legacy Village |
5.63 | January 2014 | 8,317 | 7,883 | 25 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
|
111 Sutter Street |
5.58 | June 2015 | 54,471 | 51,912 | 30 | Yield Maintenance (4) | ||||||||||||
| (1) | On July 11, 2012, we relinquished our ownership of this property to the lender through foreclosure in satisfaction of the mortgage. |
| (2) | A defeasance provision requires the borrower to, in the event of a prepayment, substitute the collateral with other income-producing assets (typically U.S. Treasury bonds) to generate income for the lender for the remainder of the term of the loan. |
| (3) | On July 2, 2012, we retired this mortgage note payable with cash. |
| (4) | A yield maintenance prepayment provision requires the borrower who prepays the loan to pay a premium equal to an amount that allows the lender to attain the same yield as if the borrower had made all scheduled payments until maturity. |
| (5) | The mortgage debt is cross-collateralized. |
76
Insurance
Although we believe our investments are currently adequately covered by insurance consistent with the level of coverage that is standard in our industry, we cannot predict at this time if we will be able to obtain adequate coverage at a reasonable cost in the future.
Competition
We face competition when attempting to make real estate investments, including competition from domestic and foreign financial institutions, other REITs, life insurance companies, pension funds, partnerships and individual investors. The leasing of real estate is highly competitive. Our properties compete for tenants with similar properties primarily on the basis of location, total occupancy costs (including base rent and operating expenses), services provided, and the design and condition of the improvements. For more information regarding the competition that we face and the related risks, see Risk FactorsRisks Related to Investment in Real Property.
77
Board of Directors
We operate under the direction of our board of directors, the members of which are accountable to us and our stockholders as fiduciaries. The board is responsible for the management and control of our affairs. The board has retained our advisor to manage our day-to-day affairs and our portfolio of investments, subject to the boards supervision.
We have a seven-member board. Our board of directors may change the size of the board, but not to fewer than three members. Our charter provides that a majority of our directors must be independent directors, except for a period of up to 60 days after the death, removal or resignation of an independent director pending the election of such independent directors successor. An independent director is a director who is not and has not for the last two years been associated, directly or indirectly, with our advisor or our sponsor. A director is deemed to be associated with our advisor or sponsor if he or she owns any interest in, is employed by, is an officer or director of, or has any material business or professional relationship with our advisor, our sponsor, or any of their affiliates, performs services (other than as a director) for us, or serves as a director or trustee for more than three REITs organized by our sponsor or advised by our advisor. A business or professional relationship will be deemed material per se if the gross revenue derived by the director from our sponsor, our advisor, and any of their affiliates exceeds five percent of (i) the directors annual gross revenue derived from all sources during either of the last two years or (ii) the directors net worth on a fair market value basis. Our charter requires that at all times at least one of our independent directors must have at least three years of relevant real estate experience. Our charter and bylaws have been ratified by our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors.
Each director will be elected by the stockholders to serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor has been duly elected and qualified. Although the number of directors may be increased or decreased, a decrease may not shorten the term of any incumbent director. Under the mandatory provisions of Maryland General Corporation Law, any director may resign at any time or may be removed with or without cause by the stockholders upon the affirmative vote of at least a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at a meeting called for the purpose of the proposed removal. The notice of a meeting called to remove a director must indicate that the purpose, or one of the purposes, of the meeting is to determine if the director shall be removed.
A vacancy created by an increase in the number of directors or the death, resignation, removal, adjudicated incompetence or other incapacity of a director may be filled only by a vote of a majority of the remaining directors and, in the case of election of an independent director, after nomination of a replacement by a majority of the remaining independent directors in consultation with our advisor. If there are no remaining independent directors, then a majority vote of the remaining directors shall be sufficient to fill a vacancy among the independent directors positions. If at any time there are no directors in office, then successor directors shall be elected by the stockholders. Any director elected to fill a vacancy will serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred.
For so long as the advisory agreement is in effect, our advisor has the right to nominate, subject to the approval of such nomination by our board of directors, three affiliated directors to the slate of directors to be voted on by the stockholders at our annual meeting of stockholders; provided, however, that such number of director nominees shall be reduced as necessary by a number that will result in a majority of the directors being independent directors. Our board of directors must also consult with our advisor in connection with (i) its selection of each independent director for nomination to the slate of directors to be voted on at the annual meeting of stockholders, and (ii) filling any vacancies created by the removal, resignation, retirement or death of any director.
In fulfilling his or her duties to us, each director will be bound by our charter, which was reviewed and ratified by a unanimous vote of the directors and of the independent directors at a meeting held on November 11,
78
2011. The directors are not required to devote all of their time to our business and are only required to devote the time to our affairs as their duties may require. The board will generally meet quarterly or more frequently if necessary, in addition to meetings of the various committees of the board described below. It is not expected that the directors will be required to devote a substantial portion of their time to discharge their duties as directors. Consequently, in the exercise of their fiduciary responsibilities, the directors will rely heavily on our advisor. Our board is empowered to fix the compensation of all officers that it selects and may pay compensation to directors for services rendered to us in any other capacity.
Responsibilities of Directors
The responsibilities of the board of directors include the following:
| |
It reviews and adopts valuation guidelines to be used in connection with the calculation of our NAV, monitoring our advisors compliance with the valuation guidelines, and approving the independent valuation firm selected by our advisor; |
| |
It approves and oversees our overall investment strategy, which consists of elements such as (i) allocation percentages of capital to be invested in real properties and real estate-related assets, (ii) diversification strategies, (iii) investment selection criteria for real property and real estate-related assets, and (iv) asset disposition strategies; |
| |
It establishes and adopts investment guidelines that govern our property acquisitions and dispositions and limit the types of properties that may be purchased or sold, and depending on the type of transaction, limits the transaction amounts that may be approved without specific approval of our board. The board of directors has delegated to our advisor the authority to approve the consideration that we pay for each property we acquire, so long as the acquisition is consistent with the investment guidelines. Our board may change from time to time the scope of authority delegated to our advisor. The consideration we pay for each property acquired will ordinarily be based on the fair market value of the property. However, in connection with an acquisition of a property from our advisor, our sponsor, a director or any affiliate, and in connection with any other acquisition in which a majority of our independent directors determines to be appropriate, the fair market value of the property acquired will be determined by an independent appraiser selected by our independent directors; |
| |
It approves an asset allocation framework for investing in real estate-related assets consisting primarily of components such as (i) target mix of securities across a range of risk/reward characteristics, (ii) exposure limits to individual securities and debt related investments and (iii) exposure limits to securities and debt related investment subclasses such as common equities and other securities, including foreign securities; |
| |
It approves specific discretionary limits and authority granted to our advisor in connection with the purchase and disposition of real estate-related assets that fit within the asset allocation framework; |
| |
It approves and oversees our debt financing strategies; |
| |
It determines our distribution policy and authorizes distributions from time to time; and |
| |
It approves amounts available for repurchases of shares of our common stock and oversees the share repurchase plan. |
The directors are not required to devote all of their time to our business and are only required to devote such time to our affairs as their duties require. The directors will meet quarterly or more frequently as necessary.
The directors have established and will periodically review written policies on investments and borrowings consistent with our investment objectives and will monitor our administrative procedures, investment operations and performance and those of our advisor to assure that such policies are carried out.
79
The independent directors are also responsible for reviewing our fees and expenses on at least an annual basis and with sufficient frequency to determine that the expenses incurred are in the best interest of the stockholders.
In order to reduce or eliminate certain potential conflicts of interest, our charter requires that a majority of our board of directors (including a majority of the independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction approve any transaction with any of our directors, our sponsor, our advisor or any of their affiliates. The independent directors will also be responsible for reviewing the performance of our advisor and determining that the compensation to be paid to our advisor is reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of services performed and that the provisions of the advisory agreement are being carried out. See the Advisory AgreementAdvisory Fee and Expense Reimbursements.
Board Leadership Structure
Our board of directors has structured itself in a manner that it believes allows it to perform its oversight function effectively. A majority of our directors are independent. Although our board of directors does not require the separation of the offices of the Chairman of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer, our board of directors currently operates under a leadership structure with separate roles for our Chairman of the Board and our Chief Executive Officer. Ms. Thurber, as our Chairman of the Board, is responsible for reviewing the agenda for the meetings of the board of directors and the annual meetings of stockholders, and Mr. Swaringen, as our Chief Executive Officer, is responsible for the general management of our business, financial affairs and day-to-day operations.
In addition, our board has determined that since the Chairman of the Board is not an independent director, there should be a lead independent director appointed by a majority of our independent directors. Effective in April 2012, our independent directors appointed Jonathan B. Bulkeley to serve as our lead independent director. Responsibilities of our lead independent director include, among others, presiding at executive sessions of independent directors, facilitating communications between the independent directors and the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and calling meetings of the independent directors, as necessary.
Committees of the Board of Directors
The board of directors may delegate many of its powers to one or more committees from time to time as deemed appropriate by the board. Our charter requires that each committee consist of at least a majority of independent directors.
Audit Committee
The board has established an audit committee, which is comprised of Virginia G. Breen, Jonathan B. Bulkeley and William E. Sullivan, each of whom is independent. Mr. Sullivan serves as the chairperson of the audit committee. Our board of directors has determined that each of Ms. Breen and Mr. Sullivan qualifies as an audit committee financial expert as that term is defined by SEC rules.
The audit committee assists the board in overseeing:
| |
our accounting and financial reporting processes; |
| |
the integrity and audits of our financial statements; |
| |
our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; |
| |
the qualifications and independence of our independent auditors; and |
| |
the performance of our internal and independent auditors. |
80
The audit committee selects the independent public accountants to audit our annual financial statements and reviews with the independent public accountants the plans and results of the audit engagement. The audit committee also approves the audit and non-audit services provided by the independent public accountants and the fees we pay for these services.
Directors and Executive Officers
Our directors and executive officers are set forth below.
|
Name |
Age |
Position |
||
|
Lynn C. Thurber |
65 | Director, Chairman of the Board | ||
|
C. Allan Swaringen |
52 | Chief Executive Officer and President | ||
|
Gregory A. Falk |
42 | Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer | ||
|
Gordon G. Repp |
52 | General Counsel and Secretary | ||
|
Jacques N. Gordon |
56 | Director | ||
|
Peter H. Schaff |
54 | Director | ||
|
Jonathan B. Bulkeley |
51 | Lead Independent Director | ||
|
Virginia G. Breen |
48 | Independent Director | ||
|
Thomas F. McDevitt |
55 | Independent Director | ||
|
William E. Sullivan |
56 | Independent Director |
Lynn C. Thurber has served as our Chairman of the Board since November 2011. Ms. Thurber has served as the non-Executive Chairman of LaSalle since December 2006. Ms. Thurber served as the Chief Executive Officer of LaSalle from 2000 to December 2006 and Co-President from 1994 to 2000. She also served as Chief Executive Officer of Alex Brown Kleinwort Benson Realty Advisors, or ABKB, until the company merged with LaSalle Partners in 1994. Prior to joining ABKB in 1992, Ms. Thurber was a Principal at Morgan Stanley & Co. Ms. Thurber is also member of the board of directors of Duke Realty Corporation, a publicly traded REIT listed on the New York Stock Exchange, a member of the board of directors of Investa Property Group, an Australian-based real estate owner, developer and fund manager, and a member of the Real Estate Information Standards Board in the United States. She is also a trustee and member of the Board of the Urban Land Institute, a member of the Board of Greenprint Foundation and formerly chaired the Pension Real Estate Association. Ms. Thurber also previously served as a director of Jones Lang LaSalle and is a former member of the board of directors and Executive Committee of the Association of Foreign Investors in Real Estate and the board of directors of the Toigo Foundation. Ms. Thurber holds an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School and an A.B. from Wellesley College.
C. Allan Swaringen has served as our Chief Executive Officer and President since November 2011 and as Managing Director of LaSalle since 1998. As our Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Swaringen leads the investment team and is responsible for all of our investing, asset management and finance functions, along with overseeing our strategic direction. Mr. Swaringen served as the Fund Manager for the company since the inception in 2004. Mr. Swaringen also serves as President and Portfolio Manager for LaSalles global fund of funds program which currently has invested in more than 30 separate funds and programs around the world. Since joining LaSalle, his responsibilities have included marketing, client services, and structuring, negotiating and closing numerous real estate investment funds. Prior to joining LaSalle, Mr. Swaringen was a partner with Crown Golf Properties, L.P., an investment subsidiary of Henry Crown and Company. Prior to Crown Golf, he was a Vice President with Cohen Financial, a loan officer with Enterprise Savings Bank, and began his career in real estate more than 25 years ago with Trammell Crow Company. Mr. Swaringen holds an M.B.A. from the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business and a B.S. from the University of Illinois.
Gregory A. Falk has served as our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since November 2011 and as Senior Vice President of LaSalle since 2004. Prior to joining LaSalle, Mr. Falk was an Audit Manager with Deloitte & Touche LLP for six years and a Senior Staff Accountant with First of America Bank for five years.
81
Mr. Falk has worked on numerous real estate engagements, both public and private, since 1999. Mr. Falk holds a B.S. in Finance and a B.S. in Economics from Northern Illinois University and a M.S. in Accountancy Science from Northern Illinois University. He is also a Certified Public Accountant.
Gordon G. Repp has served as our General Counsel and Secretary since November 2011. Mr. Repp has served as Global Deputy General Counsel for Jones Lang LaSalle since 2003 and Assistant Secretary for Jones Lang LaSalle since 2001. He also served as Assistant Global General Counsel of Jones Lang LaSalle from 2001 to 2003. Mr. Repp has also served as General Counsel and Secretary for LaSalle since 2003. Prior to joining Jones Lang LaSalle, Mr. Repp held various positions with Outboard Marine Corporation, a publicly traded, NYSE listed global manufacturer and distributor of marine and marine related products, including Assistant General Counsel and Assistant Secretary. Mr. Repp holds a J.D. from Northern Illinois University College of Law and a B.S. from Western Illinois University.
Jacques N. Gordon has served as one of our directors since September 2012. Since January 1998, Mr. Gordon has served on LaSalles Global Management Committee and directed the Investment Strategy and Research group, which analyzes capital markets, regional economies and property markets in approximately 30 countries. He has also lectured at Northwesterns Kellogg School of Management since April 2011. Mr. Gordon initially joined LaSalle in 1994 as the Director of Research. Prior to joining LaSalle, he served as Director of Research at Baring Advisors, a subsidiary of London-based ING-Barings PLC, and at Real Estate Research Corporation in Chicago. Mr. Gordon is a member of the National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries, NAREIT and the Association of Foreign Investors in Real Estate, or AFIRE. He served four years on the board of directors of AFIRE and as Director of Programs for AFIRE in 2010. He has chaired and continues to serve on PREAs Research Committee and also serves on the Board of Governors of the Metropolitan Planning Council, a non-profit Chicago organization, and the Advisory Board of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Center for Real Estate. Mr. Gordon holds a Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a M.Sc. from the London School of Economics and a B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania. Mr. Gordon brings extensive experience in the commercial real estate industry, particularly with respect to real estate investment and market research.
Peter H. Schaff has served as one of our directors since 2004. Mr. Schaff has served as an International Director and the Regional Chief Executive Officer of LaSalles North American Private Equity business since 2005. He serves on LaSalles North American Private Equity Investment and Allocation Committees and also on its Global Management Committee. Since joining LaSalle in 1984, Mr. Schaff has gained extensive experience in all aspects of institutional real estate investment management, including acquisitions, joint ventures, financings, redevelopments and dispositions. Prior to joining our advisor, Mr. Schaff was a Banking Officer of Continental Illinois National Bank. Mr. Schaff is a member of the Urban Land Institute and PREA. Mr. Schaff serves as a director of various private REITs sponsored by our advisor. Mr. Schaff holds an M.B.A. from the Booth School of Business at the University of Chicago and a B.A. from Stanford University.
Jonathan B. Bulkeley has served as one of our directors since 2004 and our lead independent director since April 2012. Mr. Bulkeley has been the Chief Executive Officer of Scanbuy, a wireless software company, since February 2006. Mr. Bulkeley founded Blue Square Capital Management, LLC in March 2009 and has served as its Chief Investment Officer since its inception. Prior to Scanbuy, Mr. Bulkeley was an owner of Achilles Partners, an advisory firm, from 2002 to 2006. Mr. Bulkeley served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Lifeminders, an online direct marketing company, from February 2001 until Lifeminders was sold in October 2001. Mr. Bulkeley was the Chief Executive Officer of barnesandnoble.com from 1998 to 2000. From 1993 to 1998, Mr. Bulkeley worked for America Online, where he served as managing director of the companys joint venture with Bertelsmann Online in the United Kingdom and as Vice President of Business Development and General Manager of Media. Before joining America Online, Mr. Bulkeley spent eight years at Time Inc. in a variety of roles, including Director of Marketing and Development for Money magazine. Mr. Bulkeley also serves (or served) as a director of Excelsior Absolute Return Fund of Funds Master Fund, LLC from its inception in 2003 until its dissolution in June 2010, Excelsior Absolute Return Fund of Funds, LLC (from its inception in
82
June 2003 until its dissolution in June 2010), UST Global Private Markets Fund, LLC (since its inception in July 2008) and Excelsior Buyout Investors, LLC (since its inception in May 2003), each of which is (or was) registered under the Investment Company Act. In addition, Mr. Bulkeley serves on the advisory boards of three private equity funds: The Jordan Edminston Venture Fund in New York, Elderstreet Capital Partners in London and Jerusalem Global Venture Partners in Israel. Mr. Bulkeley has served previously as non-executive Chairman of QXL Ricardo plc, its non-executive Vice Chairman of Edgar Online, Chairman of Logikeep, Chairman of the Yale Alumni magazine and as a director of Global Commerce Zone, The Readers Digest Association, Instant Dx, Cross Media Marketing Corp and the Hotchkiss School. Mr. Bulkeley has served on the board of directors DEX One Corporation, a public reporting company and successor to R.H. Donnelly Corporation, since January 2010, and has served on the board of directors of Spark Networks, Inc., a public reporting company, since September 2006. Mr. Bulkeley holds a B.A. in African Studies from Yale University.
Virginia G. Breen has served as one of our directors since 2004. Ms. Breen is a partner of Chelsea Partners since 2011. She was a partner and co-founder of Blue Rock Capital, a private equity fund focused on investing in early-stage information technology and service businesses from 1995 to September 2011. She was a partner of the Sienna Limited Partnership IV, L.P., which focuses on investing in early and expansion-stage private companies in consumer products, information technology and business service from 2003 to December 2011. Previously, Ms. Breen was a Vice President with the Sprout Group, the venture capital affiliate of Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette (now Credit Suisse), where she worked from 1988 to 1995. Ms. Breen was an Investment Analyst with Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrettes Investment Banking Group, prior to which she worked as a Systems Analyst and Product Marketing Engineer for Hewlett-Packard. Ms. Breen also serves (or served) as a director of Excelsior Absolute Return Fund of Funds Master Fund, LLC (since its inception in 2003 until its dissolution in June 2010), Excelsior Absolute Return Fund of Funds, LLC (since its inception in June 2003 until its dissolution in June 2010), UST Global Private Markets Fund, LLC (since its inception in July 2008) and Excelsior Buyout Investors, LLC (since its inception in May 2003). Ms. Breen also serves on the board of managers of: OConnor Fund of Funds: Long/Short Credit Strategies LLC (formerly, UBS Credit Recovery Fund, L.L.C.) (since June 2008), UBS Equity Opportunity Fund, L.L.C.) (since May 2008), OConnor Fund of Funds: Equity Opportunity LLC (formerly, UBS Equity Opportunity Fund II, L.L.C.) (since May 2008), OConnor Fund of Funds: Event LLC (formerly, UBS Event Fund, L.L.C.) (since May 2008), OConnor Fund of Funds: Long/Short Equity Strategies LLC (formerly, UBS M2 Fund, L.L.C.) (since August 2008), UBS Multi-Strat Fund, L.L.C. (since May 2008), OConnor Fund of Funds: Technology LLC (formerly, UBS Technology Partners, L.L.C.) (since May 2008), UBS Eucalyptus Fund, L.L.C. (since May 2008), UBS Juniper Crossover Fund, L.L.C. (since June 2008), UBS Tamarack International Fund, L.L.C. (since May 2008) and UBS Willow Fund, L.L.C. (since May 2008), each of which is (or was) registered under the Investment Company Act. Since 2001, Ms. Breen also has served as a director of ModusLink Global Solutions, Inc., a public company listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market. Ms. Breen holds an M.B.A. from Columbia University and an A.B. from Harvard College.
Thomas F. McDevitt has served as one of our directors since December 2004 and our Chairman of the Board from 2004 to November 2011. Mr. McDevitt is the Managing Partner of Edgewood Capital Partners, an investment firm that makes and manages investments in the real estate and mortgage arenas. Prior to founding Edgewood Capital Partners in 2002, Mr. McDevitt was a Managing Director in charge of the Large Loan ($30 million to $100 million) Commercial Mortgage Backed Securitization Group at Societe Generale. He was also a founder and Managing Partner of Meenan, McDevitt & Co., a broker-dealer and investment banking firm, from 1991 until it was sold to Societe Generale in 1998. From 1988 to 1991, Mr. McDevitt managed the commercial mortgage syndication desk at Citibank, and from 1984 to 1987, he was responsible for commercial mortgage sales in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States at Citibank. Mr. McDevitt also serves (or served) as a director of: Excelsior Absolute Return Fund of Funds Master Fund, LLC (from its inception in 2003 until its dissolution in June 2010), Excelsior Absolute Return Fund of Funds, LLC (from its inception in 2003 until its dissolution in June 2010), UST Global Private Markets Fund, LLC (since its inception in July 2008) and Excelsior Buyout Investors, LLC (since its inception in May 2003), each of which is (or was) registered under the Investment Company Act. He was also a director of Quadra Realty Trust, Inc. from 2007 to March 2008,
83
which, prior to being acquired in March 2008, was a publicly traded REIT listed on the NYSE. Mr. McDevitt holds an M.B.A. from the Amos Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College and an A.B. from Harvard College.
William E. Sullivan has served as one of our directors since September 2012. From April 2007 to May 2012, Mr. Sullivan served as Chief Financial Officer of Prologis, Inc., or Prologis, a publicly traded REIT. Prior to joining Prologis, Mr. Sullivan was the founder and President of Greenwood Advisors, Inc., a private financial consulting and advisory firm, from 2005 to 2007. He served as Chief Executive Officer of SiteStuff, Inc., or SiteStuff, a private company and on-line procurement company, from 2001 to 2005 and Chairman of SiteStuff from 2001 until the company was sold in June 2007. Mr. Sullivan served as Chief Financial Officer of Jones Lang LaSalle from 1997 to 2001 and in various other capacities with Jones Lang LaSalle since 1984. Prior to joining LaSalle, he was a member of the Communications Lending Group of the First National Bank of Chicago and also served as a member of the tax division of Ernst & Ernst LLP, a predecessor to Ernst & Young LLP. Mr. Sullivan holds a M.B.A. in Management and Finance from Northwesterns Kellogg School of Management and a B.S.B.A. in Accounting and Marketing from Georgetown University. Mr. Sullivan brings extensive experience with respect to the financial management of public companies, including public REITs.
Our executive officers will act as our agents, execute contracts and other instruments in our name and on our behalf, and in general perform all duties incident to their offices and such other duties as may be prescribed by our board of directors from time to time. Our officers will devote such portion of their time to our affairs as is required for the performance of their duties, but they are not required to devote all of their time to us.
Compensation of Directors
Our independent directors receive $2,000 for each quarterly board meeting attended in person and $1,000 for each quarterly meeting attended by telephone. Each independent director also receives $1,000 for each special meeting attended in person or by telephone. Each audit committee member receives $750 for each quarterly or special audit committee meeting attended in person or by telephone. In addition, the Chairperson of the audit committee receives an annual retainer of $1,000 for his services. All directors are reimbursed for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance at board meetings. If a director is also one of our officers, we will not pay separate compensation for services rendered as a director.
We anticipate that our board of directors will approve an independent directors compensation plan, which will operate as a sub-plan of our incentive plan described below and supersede our current independent director compensation structure. Under our independent directors compensation plan, and subject to such plans conditions and restrictions, we will compensate each of our independent directors with an annual retainer of $[__], plus additional retainers of $[__] to the Chairman of the audit committee, $[__] to each other member of the audit committee and $[__] to the lead independent director.
In addition, if the independent directors compensation plan is approved by our board of directors, each of our current independent directors will receive an initial grant of [__] Class M shares, which we refer to as the initial stock grant, on the date of this prospectus. Beginning in 2013, each new independent director that subsequently joins the board will receive the initial stock grant on the date he or she joins the board. The initial stock grant will vest immediately on the grant date and will be subject to the one-year holding period applicable to all Class M shares. Each of our independent directors will receive another grant of [__] Class M shares promptly after each annual stockholder meeting at which such director is reelected.
Executive Compensation
We currently have no employees to whom we pay salaries. We do not intend to pay any salaries to our officers for their services as officers; provided if we do so in the future, we will disclose any such payments in our next quarterly or annual reports filed pursuant to SEC requirements. If our advisor subsequently determines to seek reimbursement for personnel costs of individuals who serve as our executive officers, we will disclose any such reimbursements in our next quarterly or annual reports filed pursuant to SEC requirements. Each of our officers is also an officer of our advisor and receives compensation pursuant to employment arrangements of our advisor or one of its affiliates.
84
Incentive Plan
Our board of directors intends to adopt an incentive plan, which we will use to attract and retain directors, officers, employees and consultants. Our incentive plan will offer qualified individuals an opportunity to participate in our growth through awards in the form of, or based on, our common stock. The incentive plan will authorize the granting of restricted stock, stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted or deferred stock units, other stock-based awards and cash-based awards to directors, employees and consultants of ours selected by the board of directors for participation in the plan. Stock options may not have an exercise price that is less than the fair market value of a share of our common stock on the date of grant and may not have a term in excess of ten years from the grant date.
Our board of directors or a committee appointed by the board of directors will administer the incentive plan, with sole authority to determine all of the terms and conditions of the awards. No awards will be granted under the plan if the grant or vesting of the awards would jeopardize our status as a REIT under the Code or otherwise violate the ownership and transfer restrictions imposed under our charter. Unless otherwise determined by our board of directors, no award granted under the plan will be transferable except through the laws of descent and distribution.
We anticipate that our board of directors will authorize and reserve a maximum of 2,000,000 Class M shares for issuance under the incentive plan. However, no awards shall be granted under the incentive plan on any date on which the aggregate number of shares subject to awards previously issued under the incentive plan, together with the proposed awards to be granted on such date, exceed 2% of the total outstanding shares of common stock on such date. In the event of a transaction between our company and our stockholders that causes the per-share value of our common stock to change (including, without limitation, any stock dividend, stock split, spin-off, rights offering or large nonrecurring cash dividend), the share authorization limits under the plan will be adjusted proportionately and our board of directors will make adjustments to the incentive plan and awards as it deems necessary, in its sole discretion, to prevent dilution or enlargement of rights immediately resulting from the transaction. In the event of a stock split, a stock dividend or a combination or consolidation of the outstanding shares of common stock into a lesser number of shares, the authorization limits under the plan will automatically be adjusted proportionately and the shares then subject to each award will automatically be adjusted proportionately without any change in the aggregate purchase price.
Our board of directors may, in its sole discretion at any time, determine that all or a portion of a participants awards will become fully vested. The board may discriminate among participants or among awards in exercising its discretion. The incentive plan will automatically expire on the tenth anniversary of the date on which it is approved by our board of directors, unless extended or earlier terminated by the board of directors. Our board of directors may terminate the plan at any time. The expiration or other termination of the plan will not, without the participants consent, have an adverse impact on any award that is outstanding at the time the plan expires or is terminated. Our board of directors may amend the plan at any time, but no amendment will adversely affect any award without the participants consent and no amendment to the plan will be effective without the approval of our stockholders if such approval is required by any law, regulation or rule applicable to the plan.
Our Advisor
All of our day-to-day operations are managed by our advisor. Our advisor is also responsible, subject to oversight by our board of directors, for sourcing our investment opportunities and for making decisions related to the acquisition, management and disposition of our assets, in accordance with our investment objectives, guidelines, policies and limitations. Our advisor has contractual and fiduciary responsibilities to us and our stockholders pursuant to an advisory agreement.
85
The executive officers of our advisor who have management responsibility and authority with respect to the performance of services for us pursuant to the advisory agreement are as follows:
|
Name |
Age |
Position |
||||
|
Jeff A. Jacobson |
51 | Chief Executive Officer, Global | ||||
|
Peter H. Schaff |
54 | Chief Executive Officer, Americas | ||||
|
Wade W. Judge |
62 | Chief Investment Officer, Americas | ||||
|
William J. Maher |
57 | Director, North American Strategy | ||||
|
C. Allan Swaringen |
52 | Managing Director | ||||
|
Gregory A. Falk |
42 | Senior Vice President | ||||
|
Gordon G. Repp |
52 | General Counsel, Executive Vice President and Secretary | ||||
For more information concerning the background and experience of Messrs. Schaff, Swaringen, Falk and Repp, see Directors and Executive Officers.
Jeff A. Jacobson is the Global Chief Executive Officer of LaSalle and is responsible for its global property platform managing over $45 billion of investments in private and public real estate in Europe, North America and Asia Pacific. Prior to his appointment as Global Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Jacobson served as Regional Chief Executive Officer for LaSalles European operation, where he was responsible for servicing LaSalles European investment management clients, chairing the European Investment Committee and implementing growth initiatives. Mr. Jacobson was a Managing Director of Security Capital Group Incorporated from 1998 to 2000 and Senior Vice President of the company from 1997 to 1998. From 1986 until 1997, he held various positions at LaSalle Partners where he worked on a broad range of property acquisitions, sales financing and restructuring assignments. Mr. Jacobson is a member of Jones Lang LaSalles Global Executive Committee and Co-Investment Capital Allocation Committee and he serves on LaSalles three regional Investment Committees. Mr. Jacobson holds an M.A. from Stanford Universitys Food Research Institute and a B.A. from Stanford University.
Wade W. Judge serves as the Chief Investment Officer of LaSalles North American Private Equity business, the President of LaSalle Property Fund, LaSalles U.S. open-end fund and Senior Account Executive for some of LaSalles major separate account clients. Prior to assuming these responsibilities, for approximately ten years, Mr. Judge was responsible for directing the LaSalle Acquisitions Groups office, industrial, retail and residential investments. From 1975 to 1992, Mr. Judge worked for the Chairman of Jones Lang LaSalle and later managed Jones Lang LaSalles Development Group. Before joining Jones Lang LaSalle, he was a loan officer with Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. in New York City. Mr. Judge holds an M.B.A. from Stanford University and a B.A. from Dartmouth College.
William J. Maher serves as Director of North American Research and Strategy for LaSalle. In this role, he is responsible for the development of real estate investment strategy for LaSalles North American business and the oversight of a team that provides market analysis for existing and potential new investments. In addition to leading research efforts throughout North America, Mr. Maher works with clients to develop custom real estate investment and portfolio strategies. Mr. Maher is a principal author of our sponsors Investment Strategy Annual and numerous white papers and reports. Prior to joining LaSalle, Mr. Maher was a partner with Ernst & Young and director of the Real Estate Consulting Groups Washington, D.C. office, where his responsibilities included strategic planning, market and financial feasibility assessment, portfolio due diligence and management of corporate real estate. Previously, Mr. Maher was Executive Vice President of Halcyon Ltd., a real estate consulting and services firm. He has held leadership positions with the Urban Land Institute, International Council of Shopping Centers, Real Estate Research Institute and the Real Estate Roundtable. Mr. Maher holds an M.C.R.P. in Urban Planning from Harvard Universitys Kennedy School of Government and a B.A. from Williams College.
86
Investment Committees
In evaluating investment opportunities for our real estate portfolio, our advisor will utilize its regional investment committees for North America, Continental Europe, the Asia Pacific region and the United Kingdom. All acquisitions and dispositions of properties in our portfolio will be subject to the prior review and approval of the investment committee in the geographic region of the investment. Each of the investment committees is comprised of senior real estate professionals who individually have between 14 and 30 years of experience in the real estate industry. A brief description of the each investment committee and its members is below.
North American Investment Committee
Our advisor will utilize the North American Investment Committee in evaluating potential investment opportunities for our real estate portfolio throughout North America. The North American Investment Committee will review and approve, by majority vote, each potential investment in a property located in North America before our advisor may consider the opportunity for our portfolio. The members of the North American Investment Committee are Jacques N. Gordon, James M. Hutchinson, Jeff A. Jacobson, Wade W. Judge, William J. Maher and Peter H. Schaff.
James M. Hutchinson is an International Director of LaSalle and President of the LaSalle Income & Growth series of funds in the United States. In this role, Mr. Hutchinson is responsible for relationships with investors, portfolio design, selection of acquisitions and financing of fund properties. He has worked with both domestic and international investors, including closed- and open-ended funds, international insurance companies, opportunity funds and domestic separate account investors. For the first 14 years after joining LaSalle in 1985, he was an Acquisitions Officer in LaSalles Acquisitions Group. Prior to joining LaSalle, Mr. Hutchinson was a Senior Manager at Deloitte & Touche LLP in the Audit Department. Mr. Hutchinson holds an M.B.A. from Indiana University and a B.A. from Brown University.
For more information concerning the background and experience of Messrs. Jacobson, Judge and Maher, see Our Advisor, and for Messrs. Gordon and Schaff, see Directors and Executive Officers.
Continental Europe Investment Committee
Our advisor will utilize the Continental Europe Investment Committee in evaluating potential investment opportunities for our real estate portfolio throughout Continental Europe. The Continental Europe Investment Committee will review and approve, by majority vote, each potential investment in a property located in Europe before our advisor may consider the opportunity for our portfolio. The members of the Continental Europe Investment Committee are Helen M.T. Garbutt, Robin N. Goodchild, Susan J. Lloyd-Hurwitz, Jeff A. Jacobson and Simon W. Marrison.
Helen M.T. Garbutt serves as an International Director of LaSalle and Head of Fund Management Value-Add/Opportunistic Vehicles in Europe and is a member of the European Management Board. Ms. Garbutt is responsible for client reporting, performance measurement and the successful implementation of the investment business plans. Ms. Garbutt has worked in European real estate management since 1989. Prior to joining LaSalle in 1996, Ms. Garbutt worked in the Real Estate Development Finance Department of Barclays Bank in France for seven years, where she was responsible for development loans to real estate subsidiaries of large corporate firms and the management of the equity participations held in real estate companies. Ms. Garbutt holds a B.S. from the Institut détudes économiques et juridiques appliqués à la Construction et à lHabitation in property finance and law and a B.A. from the University of Manchester in French studies.
Robin N. Goodchild serves as an International Director and a member of LaSalles Global Research and Strategy Team and has over 30 years of real estate investment experience. In this role, Dr. Goodchild is responsible for identifying opportunities in European property markets. Dr. Goodchild joined LaSalle in 1997 as
87
a Research Director, prior to which he was a partner at Gerald Eve, Chartered Surveyors, for 12 years. He is a Fellow of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, an honorary Fellow of the Society of Property Researchers and a frequent speaker at property conferences across Europe. Dr. Goodchild holds a Ph.D. and an M.A. in land economy from Cambridge University.
Susan J. Lloyd-Hurwitz is a Managing Director of LaSalle in Europe and has executive responsibility for the core investment accounts and fund business lines in the European region. Prior to joining LaSalle, Ms. Lloyd-Hurwitz held senior executive positions at MGPA, a private equity real estate advisory company), Macquarie Group and Lend Lease in Australia, the United States and Europe. Ms. Lloyd-Hurwitzs 22 years of experience in the real estate funds management industry includes fund and portfolio management in the direct and indirect markets, fund development, mergers and acquisitions, dispositions, research and business strategy. She holds an M.B.A. from INSEAD and a B.A. from the University of Sydney.
Simon W. Marrison is the Head of Europe for LaSalle and is responsible for LaSalles private equity business in the United Kingdom and Continental Europe. In this role, Mr. Marrison oversees teams located in London, Paris, Munich, Madrid and Luxembourg. Mr. Marrison joined LaSalle in 2001 from Rodamco France, where he served as Country Director. Since September 2011, Mr. Marrison has also served as a director of TR Property Trust. He is a former Board Member of the French National Council of Shopping Centres and is a current member of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors. Mr. Marrison holds a B.Sc. in Urban Land Administration from the Portsmouth Polytechnic University.
For more information concerning the background and experience of Mr. Jacobson, see Our Advisor.
Asia Pacific Investment Committee
Our advisor will utilize the Asia Pacific Investment Committee in evaluating potential investment opportunities for our real estate portfolio throughout the Asia Pacific region. The Asia Pacific Investment Committee will review and approve, by majority vote, each potential investment in a property located in the Asia Pacific region before our advisor may consider the opportunity for our portfolio. The members of the Asia Pacific Investment Committee are Mark N. Gabbay, Jacques N. Gordon, Jeff A. Jacobson, Philip Ling, Ian R. Mackie and Lynn C. Thurber.
Mark N. Gabbay is an International Director of LaSalle and Chief Investment Officer for the Asia Pacific region. In this role, he is responsible for formulating and implementing LaSalles investment strategy in the region, sourcing and structuring opportunities and overseeing the investment process. Mr. Gabbay has been in the real estate industry for over 18 years, working in the Asia Pacific region for 13 years and the United States for five years. Most recently, he served as Managing Director and Head of Nomuras Asia Asset Finance Division and as Co-Head of the Global Real Estate Group, Asia Pacific, at Lehman Brothers, where he was responsible for the firms expansion into new markets for debt and equity real estate investments. Prior to joining Lehman Brothers in Tokyo, Mr. Gabbay worked at GMAC Commercial Mortgage Corporation, where he served as the Head of Real Estate Lending. Mr. Gabbay holds a B.A. in Architecture from the University of California, Berkeley.
Philip Ling is an International Director of LaSalle and the Chief Executive Officer for the Asia Pacific region with 25 years of investment management experience. Mr. Ling is also a member of LaSalles Global Management Committee. Prior to joining LaSalle in 2007, Mr. Ling served as the Chief Executive Officer of Investment Management for Lend Lease Corporation in Australia, prior to which he served as Chief Executive Officer for the companys Asia Pacific Wholesale Funds. He serves on the Executive Board of the Asian Association for Investors in Non-Listed Real Estate Vehicles (ANREV) and is a member of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors. Mr. Ling holds a B.Sc. and an M.Sc. in Property Development from South Bank University in London.
88
Ian R. Mackie is an International Director of LaSalle and Head of Private Equity for the Asia Pacific region. Mr. Mackie was a founding member of LaSalles Asia Pacific business that was established in 2000. He has worked in the Asia Pacific region since 1988 and has lived in Singapore since 1994. During this time, he was responsible for investing either directly or in joint ventures in office, retail, industrial, hotel, apartment and residential properties and developments in Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, Hong Kong, China, Korea and Japan. He is also an Associate of the Australian Property Institute. Mr. Mackie holds a B.A. in Economics and Law from the University of Canberra and an Associate Diploma in Valuation from Sydney University of Technology.
For more information concerning the background and experience of Mr. Jacobson, see Our Advisor, for Mr. Gordon and Ms. Thurber, see Directors and Executive Officers.
U.K. Investment Committee
Our advisor will utilize the U.K. Investment Committee in evaluating potential investment opportunities for our real estate portfolio within the United Kingdom. The U.K. Investment Committee will review and approve, by majority vote, each potential investment in a property located in the United Kingdom before our advisor may consider the opportunity for our portfolio. The members of the U.K. Investment Committee are Julian M. Agnew, Andrew M. Bull, Richard J. Debney, Susan J. Lloyd-Hurwitz, Simon W. Marrison, Stuart Richmond-Watson, Alistair J. Seaton and Alan Tripp.
Julian M. Agnew serves as a Senior Fund Manager responsible for the management of a major U.K. pension fund. He is responsible for preparing and implementing the annual investment strategies, approving all acquisitions and sales and supervising asset management for a major U.K. pension fund. Mr. Agnew joined Jones Lang Wootton Fund Management in 1988, having previously worked for Hall Pain & Foster as a Commercial Letting Agent and Henry Butcher & Co as an Investment Surveyor. Mr. Agnew became a Partner of Jones Lang Wootton in 1995 and was promoted to International Director in 2011. From his 25 years in the property business, he has developed substantial experience with investment transactions and managing portfolios that either contain structural risks or have underperformed their benchmarks. Mr. Agnew is a Member of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors and holds an Investment Management Certificate (FSA).
Andrew M. Bull serves as a Regional Director of LaSalle and Fund Manager for LaSalles separate accounts in the United Kingdom. In this role, he is responsible for overseeing the property portfolio of a major U.K. pension fund, involving direct and indirect property investments (including unlisted funds, joint ventures and listed securities), and arranging debt financing when required. Mr. Bull is also responsible for defining and implementing investment strategies, purchases, sales and asset management. Mr. Bull joined Jones Lang Wootton, which merged with LaSalle Partners in 2000 to form our sponsor and our advisor, in 1979, and became a partner in 1983. Mr. Bull is a Fellow of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors.
Richard J. Debney serves as a Senior Fund Manager at LaSalle, where he manages a property portfolio on behalf of a major U.K. pension fund. Prior to joining LaSalle, Mr. Debney served as the Head of Property at British Steel Pension Fund. He has 25 years of experience in the real estate industry and is a member of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors. Mr. Debney holds a B.S.C. in Land Management from Reading University.
Stuart Richmond-Watson serves as a Senior Fund Manager managing property portfolios on behalf of U.K. institutional clients and as a Trustee of the Jones Lang LaSalle Pension Fund. Mr. Richmond-Watson joined the Jones Lang Wootton Fund Management department when it was formed in 1988 and, since then, has specialized in the construction and fund management of investment portfolios and the purchase, sale and valuation of investments. Prior to joining Jones Lang Wooton Fund Management, he worked in the commercial property sector of the firm. He began his career at Jones Lang Wootton as a trainee agricultural management
89
surveyor in 1973. Mr. Richmond-Watson is a Fellow of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors and is registered with the Financial Services Authority of the United Kingdom, or the FSA, to conduct Investment Management activities. He holds a M.Sc. from the Royal Agricultural College Cirencester.
Alistair J. Seaton serves as Head of LaSalles European Research and Strategy Team. In this role, he is responsible for identifying opportunities in European property markets and developing new ways to analyze markets and manage portfolios. Prior to joining LaSalle in 2001, Mr. Seaton was a Senior Analyst in the European Research team at Jones Lang LaSalle. He served as an account manager at Investment Property Databank for three years before joining LaSalle. His responsibilities included providing portfolio analysis and benchmarking services to U.K. property company and insurance company clients. He is a member of the Society of Property Researchers and the Investment Property Forum and is registered with the FSA as an Investment Adviser. Mr. Seaton holds a B.S.C. from the University of Edinburgh.
Alan Tripp serves as Managing Director of LaSalles U.K. business, with responsibility for overseeing LaSalles U.K. separate account business. He is the Chair of the U.K. Management Board and sits on the European Management Board. Mr. Tripp has 30 years of real estate experience as a client and a manager, either directly managing or overseeing a variety of pension fund and life company portfolios of various sizes and with a variety of investment objectives. Prior to joining LaSalle in 2008, Mr. Tripp worked for Invista REIM, where, as Head of HBoS Funds, he was responsible for managing property investment funds. Before joining Investa REIM, he worked for Clerical Medical, the Electricity Supply Pension Scheme and The Carroll Group, a private property company. He is a Member of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors and the Investment Property Forum and is registered with the FSA to conduct investment management activities. Mr. Tripp holds a B.Sc. from the Portsmouth Polytechnic University.
For more information concerning the background and experience of Ms. Lloyd-Hurwitz and Mr. Marrison, see Continental Europe Investment Committee.
The Advisory Agreement
We and our advisor are party to an advisory agreement which is summarized below.
Services
Pursuant to the terms of the advisory agreement, our advisor has responsibility to, among other things:
| |
consult with our board of directors in formulating our financial, investment, valuation and other policies, consistent with achieving our investment objectives; |
| |
serve as our investment and financial advisor and provide research and economic and statistical data in connection with our assets and investment policies; |
| |
recommend to our board of directors the proper allocation of our investments between properties, real estate-related assets and cash, cash equivalents and other short-term investments; |
| |
calculate our NAV at the close of business on each business day in accordance with our valuation guidelines; |
| |
supervise our independent valuation advisor and, if and when necessary, recommend to our board of directors its replacement; |
| |
assist our dealer manager administratively with the distribution of our shares; |
| |
select joint venture and strategic partners and structure corresponding agreements; |
90
| |
within the authority granted to the advisor by the board of directors, identify, analyze and complete acquisition and dispositions of investments, and outside of the authority granted by board of directors, identify, analyze and recommend acquisitions and dispositions of investments to the board and complete such transactions on our behalf in accordance with the direction of the board; |
| |
structure the terms of our investments and arrange for financing or refinancing in connection with investments; and |
| |
monitor and manage our investments and provide periodic reports to our board of directors on their performance. |
The above summary is provided to illustrate the material functions which our advisor will perform for us as our advisor and it is not intended to include all of the services which may be provided to us by our advisor or third parties. The advisory agreement provides that our advisor may engage one or more sub-advisors to assist our advisor in providing these services; provided, however, that any sub-advisor that performs substantially all of the management function will be deemed to have a fiduciary relationship with us and our stockholders.
Term and Termination Rights
The term of the advisory agreement is for one year, subject to renewals by our board of directors for an unlimited number of successive one-year periods. The independent directors will evaluate the performance of the advisor before renewing the advisory agreement. The advisory agreement may be terminated:
| |
immediately by us (1) for cause, (2) upon the bankruptcy of the advisor, or (3) upon a material breach of the advisory agreement by the advisor; |
| |
upon 60 days written notice by us without cause or penalty upon the vote of a majority of our independent directors; or |
| |
upon 60 days written notice by our advisor. |
Cause is defined in the advisory agreement to mean fraud, criminal conduct, willful misconduct or willful or negligent breach of fiduciary duty by our advisor in connection with performing its duties under the advisory agreement.
In the event the advisory agreement is terminated, our advisor will be entitled to receive its prorated advisory fee through the date of termination. In addition, upon the termination or expiration of the advisory agreement, our advisor will cooperate with us and take all reasonable steps requested to assist our board of directors in making an orderly transition of the advisory function. Before selecting a successor advisor, our board of directors must determine that the successor advisor possess sufficient qualifications to perform the advisory function and to justify the compensation it would receive from us.
Advisory Fee and Expense Reimbursements
As compensation for its services provided pursuant to the advisory agreement, we will pay our advisor an advisory fee comprised of two separate components:
| (1) |
a fixed component in an amount equal to 1/365 th of 1.25% of our NAV for each class of our common stock (Class A, Class E and Class M) for each day, payable monthly in arrears; and |
| (2) | a performance component calculated based on our total return of each class of our common stock (Class A, Class E and Class M) in any calendar year (defined for each class of our common stock as the change in NAV per share for such class plus distributions per share for such class), payable annually in arrears. |
We will accrue the fixed component of the advisory fee on a daily basis and the performance component of the advisory fee on a daily basis to the extent that it is earned. The performance component will be calculated
91
such that for any calendar year in which the total return per share for a particular class exceeds 7% per annum, which we refer to as the 7% return, our advisor will receive 10% of the excess total return above the 7% return allocable to that class. The total return to stockholders is defined for each class of common stock as the change in NAV per share for such class plus distributions per share for such class. The NAV per share for a class calculated on the last trading day of a calendar year shall be the amount against which changes in NAV per share are measured during the subsequent calendar year. However, in the event our NAV per share for any class of our common stock decreases below $10.00, the performance component will not be earned on any increase in NAV up to $10.00 per share with respect to that class. The foregoing per share NAV thresholds for each class are subject to downward adjustment by our board of directors to account for any distributions made after the commencement of this offering that the board of directors deems to be a return of capital to the applicable class of stockholders. Therefore, for each class of our common stock, payment of the performance component of the advisory fee (1) is contingent upon our actual annual total return exceeding the 7% return, (2) will vary in amount based on our actual performance, (3) cannot cause our total return as a percentage of stockholders invested capital for the year to be reduced below 7%, and (4) is payable to our advisor if our total return exceeds the 7% return in a particular calendar year, even if the total return to stockholders (or any particular stockholder) on a cumulative basis over any longer or shorter period has been less than 7% per annum. The performance component does not take into account any selling commissions paid by Class A stockholders. The advisor will not be obligated to return any portion of advisory fees paid based on our subsequent performance.
The performance component of the advisory fee is calculated from the total return to stockholders for each class of our common stock over a calendar year. As a result, our advisor may be entitled to receive the performance component with respect to one class of shares but not another and may be entitled to receive compensation under the performance component of the advisory fee for a given year even if some of our stockholders who purchased shares during such year experienced a decline in NAV per share. Similarly, stockholders who request that we repurchase their shares during a given year may have their shares repurchased at a lower NAV per share as a result of an accrual for the estimated performance component of the advisory fee, even if no performance component is ultimately payable to the advisor at the end of such calendar year. In addition, if the NAV of our classes of common stock remains above the threshold levels described in the paragraph above, our advisors ability to earn the performance fee in any year will not be affected by poor performance in prior years.
Subject to certain limitations, we will reimburse our advisor for costs and expenses it incurs in connection with the services it provides to us, including, but not limited to:
| |
organization and offering expenses, which include, legal, accounting and printing fees and expenses attributable to our organization, preparation of the registration statement, registration and qualification of our common stock for sale with the SEC and in the various states and filing fees incurred by our advisor; |
| |
the annual cost of goods and services used by us and obtained from third parties, including brokerage fees paid in connection with the purchase and sale of securities; |
| |
expenses of managing and operating our properties, whether payable to an affiliate or a non-affiliated person; |
| |
acquisition expenses related to the selection and acquisition of assets, whether or not a property is actually acquired; and |
| |
out-of-pocket expenses in connection with providing services to us, including reasonable salaries and wages, benefits and overhead of all personnel that provide services to us; provided, that our advisor does not currently intend to seek reimbursement for any portion of the compensation payable to our executive officers. If our advisor subsequently determines to seek reimbursement for personnel costs of individuals who serve as our executive officers, we will disclose any such reimbursements in our next quarterly or annual reports filed pursuant to SEC requirements. |
Our advisor must reimburse us at least quarterly for expense reimbursements paid to our advisor in any four consecutive fiscal quarters commencing with the fourth fiscal quarter following the commencement of this
92
offering to the extent that our total operating expenses exceed the greater of: (1) 2% of our average invested assets; and (2) 25% of our net income. For purposes of these limits, (1) total operating expenses are our aggregate expenses of every character paid or incurred as determined under GAAP, including items such as legal, accounting and auditing expenses, the advisory fee, fees of our independent valuation advisor, transfer agent costs, directors and officers insurance, board of directors fees and related expenses, and expenses relating to compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Such operating expenses will not include: (a) the expenses of raising capital such as organization and offering expenses, legal, audit, accounting, underwriting, brokerage, listing, registration and other fees, printing and other such expenses, and tax incurred in connection with the issuance, distribution, transfer and registration of our shares; (b) interest payments; (c) taxes; (d) non-cash expenditures such as depreciation, amortization and bad debt reserves; (e) incentive fees paid in compliance with the North American Securities Administrators Associations Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts, as revised and adopted on May 7, 2007, or the NASAA REIT Guidelines; and (f) acquisition fees, acquisition expenses, brokerage fees on resale of properties and other expenses connected with the acquisition, disposition, management and ownership of real estate interests, mortgage loans or other property (including the costs of foreclosure, insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance, repair and improvement of property); (2) average invested assets is the average of the aggregate book value of our assets (other than intangibles) invested, directly or indirectly, in real estate and other real estate-related assets, before deducting depreciation, bad debts or other non-cash reserves, computed by taking the average of such values at the end of each month during the period; and (3) net income is our total revenues less our total expenses excluding reserves for depreciation, bad debts and other similar non-cash reserves and excluding any gain from the sale of our assets.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent that operating expenses payable or reimbursable by us exceed these limits and the independent directors determine that the excess expenses were justified based on unusual and nonrecurring factors which they deem sufficient, our advisor may be reimbursed in future periods for the full amount of the excess expenses, or any portion thereof. Within 60 days after the end of any fiscal quarters for which our total operating expenses for the four consecutive fiscal quarters then ended exceed these limits, we will send our stockholders a written disclosure of such fact, together with an explanation of the factors our independent directors considered in arriving at the conclusion that such excess expenses were justified. Our independent directors will review the total fees and reimbursements for operating expenses paid to our advisor to determine if they are reasonable in light of our performance, our net assets and our net income and the fees and expenses of other comparable unaffiliated REITs.
Our independent directors will evaluate at least annually whether the compensation that we contract to pay to our advisor is reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of services performed and that such compensation is within the limits prescribed by our charter. The independent directors will supervise the performance of our advisor and the compensation we pay to it to determine that the provisions of the advisory agreement are being carried out. This evaluation will be based on the factors set forth below, as well as any other factors deemed relevant by the independent directors:
| |
the amount of fees paid to our advisor in relation to the size, composition and performance of our investments; |
| |
the success of our advisor in generating investments that meet our investment objectives; |
| |
rates charged to other externally advised REITs and other similar investment entities by advisors performing similar services; |
| |
additional revenues realized by our advisor and its affiliates through their relationship with us; |
| |
the quality and extent of the services and advice furnished by our advisor; and |
| |
the performance of the assets, including income, conservation or appreciation of capital, frequency of problem investments and competence in dealing with distress situations. |
93
In addition to the advisory fee and expense reimbursements, we have agreed to indemnify and hold harmless our advisor and its affiliates performing services for us from specific claims and liabilities arising out of the performance of their obligations under the advisory agreement, subject to certain limitations. See Limited Liability and Indemnification of Directors, Officers, the Advisor and Other Agents below.
Limited Liability and Indemnification of Directors, Officers, the Advisor and Other Agents
Maryland law permits us to include in our charter a provision limiting the liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders for money damages, except for liability resulting from (1) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or (2) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment and which is material to the cause of action.
Maryland law requires us (unless our charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made or threatened to be made a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. Maryland law permits us to indemnify our present and former directors and officers, among others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made or threatened to be made a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is established that:
| |
the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and (1) was committed in bad faith or (2) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; |
| |
the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or |
| |
in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful. |
However, under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, unless in either case a court orders indemnification and then only for expenses.
In addition, Maryland law permits us to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon receipt of (1) a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and (2) a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.
Our charter generally limits the liability of our directors and officers for monetary damages and requires us to indemnify and advance expenses to our directors, our officers, our advisor and its affiliates for losses that they incur by reason of their service in those capacities. However, we may not indemnify a director, our advisor or any of our advisors affiliates for any liability or loss suffered by them or hold a director, our advisor or any of our advisors affiliates harmless for any loss or liability suffered by us unless all of the following conditions are met:
| |
the party seeking indemnification has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in our best interests; |
| |
the party seeking indemnification was acting on our behalf or performing services for us; |
| |
in the case of an independent director, the liability or loss was not the result of gross negligence or willful misconduct; |
| |
in the case of a non-independent director, our advisor or one of its affiliates, the liability or loss was not the result of negligence or misconduct; and |
| |
the indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of our net assets and not from the stockholders. |
94
We have agreed to indemnify and hold harmless our advisor and its affiliates performing services for us from specific claims and liabilities arising out of the performance of their obligations under the advisory agreement to the maximum extent permitted by law. As a result, we and our stockholders may be entitled to a more limited right of action than we would otherwise have if these indemnification rights were not included in the advisory agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any provision of the Maryland General Corporation Law or our organizational documents, we may not indemnify or hold harmless our advisor, its affiliates or any of their respective officers, directors, partners or employees in any manner that would be inconsistent with the NASAA REIT Guidelines. In addition, pursuant to our charter, if our board of directors determines that Maryland law conflicts with any of the provisions of the NASAA REIT Guidelines that are referenced in our charter, the NASAA REIT Guidelines will control to the extent that any provisions of Maryland law are not mandatory.
The SEC takes the position that indemnification against liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy and unenforceable. Furthermore, our charter prohibits the indemnification of our directors, our advisor, its affiliates or any person acting as a broker-dealer for liabilities arising from or out of a violation of state or federal securities laws, unless one or more of the following conditions are met:
| |
there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged material securities law violations; |
| |
such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction; or |
| |
a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which the securities were offered as to indemnification for violations of securities laws. |
Indemnification will be allowed for settlements and related expenses of lawsuits alleging securities laws violations and for expenses incurred in successfully defending any lawsuits, provided that a court either:
| |
approves the settlement and finds that indemnification of the settlement and related costs should be made; or |
| |
dismisses with prejudice, or there is a successful adjudication on the merits of, each count involving alleged securities law violations as to the particular indemnitee and a court approves the indemnification. |
Our charter further provides that we may advance funds to our directors, officers our advisor and its affiliates for reasonable legal expenses and other costs incurred in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding for which indemnification is being sought only if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
| |
the proceeding relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on our behalf; |
| |
the person seeking advancement provides us with written affirmation of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification; |
| |
the legal proceeding was initiated by a third party who is not a stockholder or, if by a stockholder acting in his or her capacity as such, a court of competent jurisdiction approves such advancement; and |
| |
the person seeking the advancement undertakes to repay the advanced funds to us, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined that he is not entitled to indemnification. |
The aforementioned charter provisions do not reduce the exposure of directors and officers to liability under federal or state securities laws, nor do they limit a stockholders ability to obtain injunctive relief or other
equitable remedies for a violation of a directors or an officers duties to us or our stockholders, although the equitable remedies may not be an effective remedy in some circumstances.
95
We will pay our advisor and our dealer manager the fees and reimbursements described below in connection with performing services for us. We will not pay acquisition or disposition fees to our advisor or its affiliates in connection with the purchase or sale of our investments, though our charter authorizes us to do so.
|
Type of Compensation
|
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount |
||
| Organization and Offering Stage | ||||
|
Selling Commission (1)(2) Our Dealer Manager and Your Investment Advisor |
We will pay our dealer manager selling commissions of up to 3.5% of the NAV per Class A share on the date of purchase. All or a portion of the selling commissions may be waived at the discretion of our dealer manager, reallowed to participating broker-dealers and reduced for volume purchases.
We will not pay selling commissions with respect to purchases of Class M shares or shares of either class sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. |
The actual amount will depend on the number of Class A shares sold, the NAV per Class A share and the type of accounts that purchase Class A shares. Aggregate selling commissions will equal $91,304,348, assuming that we sell the maximum offering, all shares sold are Class A shares, the maximum selling commission is paid for each primary offering share, our NAV per Class A share remains $10.00 and there is no reallocation of shares between our primary offering and our distribution reinvestment plan. | ||
| Dealer Manager Fee (2) Our Dealer Manager and Your Investment Advisor | We will pay our dealer manager a dealer manager fee that accrues daily in an amount equal to up to 1/365 th of 0.55% of our NAV for each of our outstanding Class A and Class M shares for such day on a continuous basis from year to year. We will cease paying the dealer manager fee with respect to shares sold in this offering on the date at which total underwriting compensation paid with respect to such shares equals 10% of the gross proceeds from the primary portion of this offering. Our dealer manager may reallow a portion of the dealer manager fee to participating broker-dealers that meet certain thresholds of our shares under management and certain other metrics. The dealer manager fee will be payable in arrears on a quarterly basis. Because the dealer manager fee is calculated based on our NAV, it reduces the NAV with respect to all outstanding Class A and Class M shares of our common stock, including Class A and Class M shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan. We will not pay a dealer manager fee with respect to Class E shares. | Actual amounts depend upon our daily NAV and when shares are purchased, and, therefore, cannot be determined at this time. The dealer manager fee will equal approximately $16,500,000 per annum, assuming that we sell the maximum offering on the offering commencement date, we do not repurchase any shares and our NAV per share for each class remains $10.00. Based on these same assumptions, the aggregate dealer manager fee that will be paid over the initial two-year offering period will equal approximately $33,000,000. | ||
96
|
Type of Compensation
|
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount |
||
|
Distribution Fee (2) Our Dealer Manager and Your Investment Advisor |
We will pay our dealer manager a distribution fee with respect to our outstanding Class A shares only that accrues daily in an amount equal to 1/365 th of 0.50% of the amount of our NAV for the outstanding Class A shares for such day on a continuous basis from year to year. We will cease paying the distribution fee with respect to shares sold in this offering on the date at which total underwriting compensation paid with respect to such shares equals 10% of the gross proceeds from the primary portion of this offering. The distribution fee will be payable in arrears on a quarterly basis. Our dealer manager may reallow the distribution fee to participating broker-dealers for services that such broker-dealers perform in connection with the distribution of the Class A shares. Because the distribution fee is calculated based on our NAV for all outstanding Class A shares, it reduces the NAV with respect to all Class A shares, including Class A shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan.
We will not pay a distribution fee with respect to Class M shares or Class E shares. |
Actual amounts depend upon our daily NAV, the number of Class A shares purchased and when shares are purchased. The distribution fee will equal approximately $14,493,000 per annum, assuming that we sell the maximum offering on the offering commencement date, all shares sold are Class A shares, we do not repurchase any shares and our NAV per Class A share remains $10.00. Based on these same assumptions, the aggregate distribution fee that will be paid over the initial two-year offering period will equal approximately $28,986,000. | ||
|
Organization and Offering Expense Reimbursement (3) Our Dealer Manager and Our Advisor |
Our advisor and our dealer manager have agreed to fund our organization and offering expenses through the offering commencement date, following which time we will reimburse our advisor and our dealer manager for organization and offering expenses incurred prior to the commencement date over 36 months. Following the offering commencement date, we will pay directly, or reimburse our advisor and our dealer manager if they pay on our behalf, any organization and offering expenses incurred during the offering period (other than selling commissions, the dealer manager fee and distribution fees) as and when incurred. After the termination of the primary offering and again after termination of the offering under our distribution reinvestment plan, our advisor has agreed to reimburse us to the extent that the organization and offering expenses that we incur exceed 15% of our gross proceeds from the applicable offering. | Actual amounts depend upon the amount raised in this offering. We estimate our organization and offering expenses, including expenses incurred prior to the offering commencement date and during the initial two-year offering period, to be $13,184,990 if we sell the maximum offering. | ||
|
Acquisition Expense Reimbursement (4) Our Advisor |
We will not pay our advisor any acquisition, financing or other similar fees in connection with making investments, though our charter authorizes us to do so. We will reimburse our advisor for out-of-pocket expenses in connection with the selection and acquisition of properties, real estate-related assets and other investments, whether or not such investments are acquired. |
The actual amount will depend upon actual expenses incurred and, therefore, cannot be determined at this time. |
||
97
|
Type of Compensation
|
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount |
||
| Operational Stage | ||||
|
Operating Expense Reimbursement (5) Our Advisor |
We will reimburse our advisor for out-of-pocket expenses in connection with providing services to us, including our allocable share of our advisors overhead, such as rent, utilities and personnel costs for individuals that provide services to us; provided, that our advisor does not currently intend to seek reimbursement for any portion of the compensation payable to our executive officers. If our advisor subsequently determines to seek reimbursement for personnel costs of individuals who serve as our executive officers, we will disclose any such reimbursements in our next quarterly or annual reports filed pursuant to SEC requirements. | Actual amounts are dependent upon actual expenses incurred and, therefore, cannot be determined at this time. | ||
|
Advisory Fee Our Advisor |
We will pay our advisor an advisory fee equal to (1) a fixed component that accrues daily in an amount equal to 1/365 th of 1.25% of our NAV for each class (Class A, Class M and Class E shares) for such day, which will be payable monthly in arrears and (2) a performance component calculated for each class (Class A, Class M and Class E shares) on the basis of the total return on that class in any calendar year, such that for any year in which our total return per share for such class exceeds 7% per annum, our advisor will receive 10% of the excess total return allocable to that class. In the event our NAV per share for any class of our common stock decreases below $10.00, the performance component will not be earned on any increase in NAV up to $10.00 with respect to that class. See ManagementThe Advisory AgreementAdvisory Fee and Expense Reimbursements. | Actual amounts depend upon our daily NAV per share and future distributions and, therefore, cannot be calculated at this time. | ||
| (1) | Selling commissions for sales of Class A shares may be reduced or waived in connection with volume or other discounts, other fee arrangements or for sales to certain categories of purchasers. See Plan of DistributionUnderwriting CompensationSelling Commissions and DiscountsClass A Shares. |
| (2) | We will cease paying selling commissions, dealer manager and distribution fees with respect to shares sold in this offering on the date at which total underwriting compensation paid with respect to such shares equals 10% of the gross proceeds from the primary portion of this offering. This limitation is intended to ensure that we satisfy the FINRA requirement that total underwriting compensation, which will include selling commissions, the dealer manager fee and the distribution fee and also may include certain other items of underwriting compensation paid in connection with this offering, does not exceed 10% of the gross proceeds of our primary offering. |
| (3) |
These amounts represent estimated expenses incurred in connection with the offering, including legal, accounting, printing, mailing and filing fees and expenses, amounts paid to reimburse our dealer manager for amounts it may pay to reimburse the bona fide due diligence expenses of participating broker-dealers supported by detailed and itemized invoices, reimbursements for customary travel, lodging, meals and reasonable entertainment expenses, reimbursements to our advisor for costs in connection with preparing sales materials, the cost of educational conferences held by us and attendance fees and costs reimbursement for employees of our affiliates to attend educational conferences sponsored by us and seminars conducted by |
98
| participating broker-dealers, if any. As required by FINRA rules and the NASAA REIT Guidelines, under no circumstances may our total organization and offering expenses (including selling commissions, dealer manager and distribution fees and bona fide due diligence expenses) exceed 15% of the gross proceeds from the primary offering. |
| (4) | We will pay all expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition of our investments, including legal and accounting fees and expenses, brokerage commissions payable to unaffiliated third parties, travel expenses, costs of appraisals (including independent appraisals), nonrefundable option payments on property not acquired, engineering, due diligence, title insurance and other expenses related to the selection and acquisition of investments, whether or not acquired. While most of the acquisition expenses are expected to be paid to third parties, a portion of the out-of-pocket acquisition expenses, such as travel or due diligence expenses, may be reimbursed to our advisor or its affiliates. As required by the NASAA REIT Guidelines, acquisition expenses, together with any acquisition fees paid to third parties for a particular real estate-related asset, will in no event exceed 6% of the gross purchase price. |
| (5) | Our advisor must reimburse us at least annually for reimbursements paid to the advisor in any year to the extent that such reimbursements to the advisor cause our total operating expenses to exceed the greater of (1) 2% of our average invested assets, which generally consists of the average book value of our real properties before reserves for depreciation, bad debts and other non-cash reserves and the average book value of securities or (2) 25% of our net income, which is defined as our total revenues less total expenses for any given period excluding reserves for depreciation, bad debt and other similar non-cash reserves, unless the independent directors have determined that such excess expenses were justified based on unusual and non-recurring factors. See ManagementThe Advisory AgreementAdvisory Fee and Expense Reimbursements. |
99
We are subject to various conflicts of interest arising out of our relationship with our advisor and its affiliates, some of whom serve as our executive officers and directors. These conflicts include (i) conflicts related to the compensation arrangements between our advisor, certain affiliates and us, (ii) conflicts with respect to the allocation of the time of our advisor and its key personnel and (iii) conflicts with respect to the allocation of investment opportunities. The independent directors have an obligation to function on our behalf in all situations in which a conflict of interest may arise and will have a fiduciary obligation to act on behalf of the stockholders. The material conflicts and the corporate governance measures we have adopted to mitigate some of the risks associated with these conflicts are discussed below.
Interests in Other Real Estate Programs
Our advisor and certain members of its management team, some of whom serve as our executive officers and directors, are presently, and in the future intend to be, involved with a number of other real estate programs and activities. In particular, our advisor currently manages one private commingled investment fund that is focused on major real estate property types and markets in the United States. This fund may directly compete with us for investment opportunities because it also seeks to provide investors with exposure to stabilized, income-oriented real estate and will be receiving investment allocations on an ongoing basis. In addition, our advisor manages separate accounts, two that are currently active, on behalf of institutional investors that seek similar investment opportunities and may compete with us in receiving allocated investment opportunities. See ManagementDirectors and Executive Officers for additional information about our officers and directors involvement with other real estate programs.
Our advisor and other affiliates are not prohibited from engaging, directly or indirectly, in any other business or from possessing interests in any other business venture or ventures, including businesses and ventures involved in the acquisition, ownership, development, management, leasing or sale of real property or the acquisition, ownership, management and disposition of real estate-related assets. None of the LaSalle affiliated entities are prohibited from raising money for another entity that makes the same types of investments that we target and we may co-invest with any such entity. Any such potential co-investment will be subject to approval by our independent directors.
Allocation of Time of Our Advisors Key Personnel
We rely on our advisor and its affiliates to manage our day-to-day activities and to implement our investment strategy. Our advisor and certain of its affiliates, including its principals, are presently, and plan in the future to continue to be, involved with real estate programs and activities which are unrelated to us. As a result of these activities, our advisor, its employees and certain of its affiliates will have conflicts of interest in allocating their time between us and other activities in which they are or may become involved. Our advisor and its employees will devote only as much of its time to our business as our advisor, in its judgment, determines is reasonably required, which may be substantially less than their full time. Therefore, our advisor and its employees may experience conflicts of interest in allocating management time, services, and functions among us and other LaSalle affiliated entities and any other business ventures in which they or any of their key personnel, as applicable, are or may become involved.
This could result in actions that are more favorable to other LaSalle affiliated entities than to us. However, our advisor believes that it and its affiliates have sufficient personnel to discharge fully their responsibilities to all of the activities in which they are involved.
Competition
We may compete with other entities that LaSalle affiliated entities may advise or own interests in, for opportunities to acquire, lease, finance or sell investments. As a result of this competition, certain investment opportunities may not be available to us. We and our advisor have developed procedures to resolve potential
100
conflicts of interest in the allocation of investment opportunities between us and affiliated and other related entities. Our advisor will be required to provide information to our board of directors to enable the board, including the independent directors, to determine whether such procedures are being fairly applied. See Conflicts of InterestConflict Resolution Measures for a further description of how potential investment opportunities will be allocated between us and affiliated and other related entities.
Affiliates of our executive officers and certain of our directors and entities owned or managed by such affiliates also may acquire or develop real estate and real estate-related assets for their own accounts, and have done so in the past. Furthermore, affiliates of our executive officers and certain of our directors and entities owned or managed by such affiliates intend to form additional real estate investment entities in the future, whether public or private, which can be expected to have the same or similar investment objectives and targeted assets as we have, and such persons may be engaged in sponsoring one or more of such entities at approximately the same time as the offering of our shares of common stock. Our advisor, its managers, directors, officers and other employees and certain of its affiliates and related parties will experience conflicts of interest as they simultaneously perform investment services for us and other real estate programs that they sponsor or have involvement with.
Certain of our advisors affiliates or other related entities currently own and/or manage properties in geographic areas in which we own or expect to acquire real properties. Conflicts of interest will exist to the extent that we own and/or manage real properties in the same geographic areas where real properties owned or managed by other LaSalle affiliated entities or other related entities are located. In such a case, a conflict could arise in the leasing of real properties in the event that we and another LaSalle affiliated entity or another related entity were to compete for the same tenants in negotiating leases, or a conflict could arise in connection with the resale of real properties in the event that we and another LaSalle affiliated entity were to attempt to sell similar real properties at the same time. Conflicts of interest may also exist at such time as we or our affiliates or other related entities managing real property on our behalf seek to employ developers, contractors or building managers.
Affiliated Dealer Manager
Our dealer manager, LaSalle Investment Management Distributors, LLC, is an affiliate of our advisor and this relationship may create conflicts of interest in connection with the performance of due diligence by our dealer manager. Our dealer manager will not make an independent due diligence review and investigation of our company or this offering of the type normally performed by an unaffiliated underwriter in connection with the offering of securities. Accordingly, investors in this offering do not have the benefit of an independent due diligence review and investigation. Additionally, this is the first public offering sold by our dealer manager and our ability to raise money and achieve our investment objectives depends on the ability of the dealer manager to successfully market our offering.
Our dealer manager is not prohibited from acting in any capacity in connection with the offer and sale of securities of other real estate investment programs that may have investment objectives similar to ours.
Fees and Other Compensation to Our Advisor and Our Dealer Manager
The agreements between us and our advisor and our dealer manager are not the result of arms-length negotiations. As a result, the fees we agree to pay pursuant to these agreements may exceed what we would pay to an independent third party. These agreements, including our advisory agreement and our dealer manager agreement, require approval by a majority of our directors, including a majority of the independent directors, not otherwise interested in such agreements, as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions no less favorable than those which could be obtained from unaffiliated entities.
101
The timing and nature of the fees our advisor and dealer manager will receive from us could create a conflict of interest between our advisor and our stockholders. Specifically, our advisor is responsible for the calculation of our NAV, and the advisory fee we pay our advisor and the fees we pay our dealer manager are based on our NAV. Among other matters, the compensation arrangements could affect the judgment of our advisors personnel with respect to:
| |
the continuation, renewal or enforcement of our agreements with our advisor and its affiliates, including the advisory agreement and the dealer manager agreement; |
| |
the decision to adjust the value of our real estate portfolio or the value of certain portions of our portfolio of other real estate-related assets, or the calculation of our NAV; |
| |
public offerings of equity by us, which may result in increased advisory fees to our advisor and increased dealer manager and distribution fees to our dealer manager; and |
| |
competition for tenants from affiliated programs that own properties in the same geographic area as us. |
We will pay advisory fees to our advisor regardless of the quality of the services it provides during the term of the advisory agreement. Our advisor, however, has a fiduciary duty to us. If our advisor fails to act in our best interests, then it will have violated this duty. The advisory agreement may be terminated by us or our advisor on 60 days notice.
Each transaction we enter into with our advisor or its affiliates is subject to an inherent conflict of interest. Our board of directors may encounter conflicts of interest in enforcing our rights against any affiliate in the event of a default by or disagreement with an affiliate, or in invoking powers, rights or options pursuant to any agreement between us and any affiliate. A majority of our directors, including a majority of the independent directors who are disinterested in the transaction, must approve each transaction between us and our advisor or any of its affiliates as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions no less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
Valuation Conflicts
Our advisor will be paid a fee for its services based on our NAV, which will be calculated by our advisor in accordance with our valuation guidelines. Appraisals of our properties and valuations of our investments in other real estate-related assets, which are two components used to calculate our NAV, will be only estimates of fair value and may not correspond to realizable value upon a sale of those assets. Because our advisor will be responsible for calculating our NAV, our advisor could be motivated to establish our NAV at amounts exceeding realizable value due to the impact of higher valuations on the compensation to be received by our advisor.
Joint Ventures with Affiliates of Our Advisor
Subject to approval by a majority of our directors (including a majority of our independent directors), we may enter into joint ventures or other arrangements with affiliates of our advisor to acquire, develop and/or manage real properties. In conjunction with such prospective agreements, our advisor and its affiliates may have conflicts of interest in determining which of such entities should enter into any particular joint venture agreement. Our affiliated joint venture partners may have economic or business interests or goals which are, or may become, inconsistent with our business interests or goals. In addition, should any such joint venture be consummated, our advisor may face a conflict in structuring the terms of the relationship between our interests and the interest of the affiliated joint venture partner and in managing the joint venture. Since our advisor will make investment decisions on our behalf, agreements and transactions between our advisors affiliates and us as joint venture partners with respect to any such joint venture will not have the benefit of arms-length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties. We may enter into joint ventures with affiliates of our advisor for the acquisition of properties, but only if (i) a majority of our directors, including a majority of the independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction approve the transaction as being fair and
102
reasonable to us and (ii) the investment by us and such affiliate of our advisor are on substantially the same terms and conditions. We currently own a 78% interest in six apartment properties in which an affiliate of our advisor owns the remaining 22% interest.
Certain Conflict Resolution Measures
We have adopted the following restrictions and procedures to address the potential conflicts of interest arising out of our relationship with our advisor and its affiliates.
Advisor Compensation
The independent directors will evaluate at least annually whether the compensation that we contract to pay to our advisor and its affiliates is reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of services performed and whether such compensation is within the limits prescribed by our charter. The independent directors will supervise the performance of our advisor and its affiliates and the compensation we pay to them to determine whether the provisions of our advisory agreement are being carried out.
This evaluation will be based on the factors set forth below as well as any other factors deemed relevant by the independent directors:
| |
the amount of fees paid to our advisor in relation to the size, composition and performance of our investments; |
| |
the success of our advisor in generating investments that meet our investment objectives; |
| |
rates charged to other externally advised REITs and other similar investors by advisors performing similar services; |
| |
additional revenues realized by our advisor and its affiliates through their relationship with us, whether we pay them or they are paid by others with whom we do business; |
| |
the quality and extent of the services and advice furnished by our advisor; |
| |
the performance of our investments, including income, conservation or appreciation of capital, frequency of problem investments and competence in dealing with distress situations; and |
| |
the quality of our assets relative to the investments generated by our advisor for its own account. |
Advisory Agreement
Each contract for the services of our advisor may not exceed one year, although there is no limit on the number of times that we may retain a particular advisor. Our charter provides that a majority of the independent directors may terminate our advisory agreement with our advisor without cause or penalty on 60 days written notice. Our advisor may terminate our advisory agreement on 60 days written notice.
Prohibition Against Certain Transactions with Affiliates
Our charter prohibits us from entering into certain types of transactions with our directors, our advisor, our sponsor or any of their affiliates. We may not acquire or lease any properties from our directors, our advisor, our sponsor or any of their affiliates without a determination by a majority of our board of directors (including a majority of our independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction that the terms of the transaction are fair and reasonable and at a price to us no greater than the cost of the property to such director, our sponsor, our advisor or affiliate thereof unless there is substantial justification for such excess amount and such excess is reasonable. In all cases in which real property is acquired from our advisor, our sponsor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates, the fair market value of the property shall be determined by an independent expert selected by our independent directors not otherwise interested in the transaction.
103
In addition, we may not make any loans to our directors, our advisor, our sponsor or any of their affiliates except for certain mortgages described in Investment Objectives and StrategyCharter Imposed Investment Limitations above or loans to wholly owned subsidiaries and we may not sell or lease assets to our directors, our advisor, our sponsor or any of their affiliates. Our charter also prohibits us from investing in or making mortgage loans in which the transaction is with our advisor, our sponsor, our directors or any of their affiliates unless an appraisal is obtained from an independent appraiser or that are subordinate to any mortgage or equity interest of our advisor, our sponsor, our directors or any of their affiliates.
Our charter prohibits us from borrowing funds from our advisor, our sponsor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates unless approved by a majority of our board of directors (including a majority of our independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction as fair, competitive and commercially reasonable and on terms not less favorable to us than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties under the same or similar circumstances. This prohibition on loans will only apply to advances of cash that are commonly viewed as loans, as determined by the board of directors. By way of example only, the prohibition on loans would not restrict advances of cash for legal expenses or other costs incurred as a result of any legal action for which indemnification is being sought, nor would the prohibition limit our ability to advance reimbursable expenses incurred by directors or officers, our sponsor, our advisor or any of their affiliates.
A majority of our directors, including a majority of the independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction, must conclude that all other transactions between us and our advisor, our sponsor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates are fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
Repurchase of Shares of Common Stock
Our charter prohibits us from paying a fee to our advisor, our sponsor, our directors or any of their affiliates in connection with our repurchase of our common stock.
Voting of Shares of Common Stock Owned by Affiliates
Our advisor, our sponsor, our directors and their affiliates may not vote their shares regarding (1) the removal of any of them or (2) any transaction between them and us. In determining the requisite percentage in interest of shares necessary to approve a matter on which our sponsor, our advisor, our directors and their affiliates may not vote, any shares owned by them will not be included.
Allocation of Investment Opportunities
Many investment opportunities that are suitable for us may also be suitable for other real estate funds and separate accounts managed or advised by LaSalle. For each opportunity identified by LaSalle, a determination will be made as to which client the opportunity is most suitable pursuant to the methodology described below. In determining the client for which an investment opportunity would be most suitable, LaSalles allocation committee will consider several factors, including, but not limited to, the investment objectives and strategy of each client and the effect of the acquisition on the diversification of the investments of each client. In the event that an investment opportunity becomes available that is equally suitable for us and one or more other clients, the allocation committee will allocate investment opportunities in accordance with an equitable and reasonable allocation procedure consistent with our advisors fiduciary duty to us and with due regard to our investment objectives and the characteristics of the specific investment. Investments identified by LaSalle that are appropriate for more than one client are allocated on a rotational basis such that the client that has had the greatest amount of time pass since its last allocated investment receives priority in the rotation over other eligible clients. Our board of directors will determine, at least annually, whether the method for allocating investment opportunities is applied fairly to us.
104
NET ASSET VALUE CALCULATION AND VALUATION GUIDELINES
Valuation Guidelines
Our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, has adopted valuation guidelines that contain a comprehensive set of methodologies to be used in connection with the calculation of our NAV. The overarching principle of these guidelines is to produce a valuation that represents a fair and accurate estimate of the value of our investments or the price that would be received for our investments in an arms-length transaction between market participants, less our liabilities. These valuation guidelines are largely based upon standard industry practices used by private, open-end real estate funds and will be administered by our advisor and, with respect to the valuation of our properties, our independent valuation advisor.
Our board will monitor on an ongoing basis our advisors compliance with our valuation guidelines. The calculation of our NAV is intended to be a calculation of fair value of our assets less our outstanding liabilities and may differ from our financial statements. As a public company, we are required to issue financial statements based on historical cost in accordance with GAAP. To calculate our NAV for the purpose of establishing a purchase and repurchase price for our shares, we have adopted a model, as explained below, which adjusts the value of our assets from historical cost to fair value in accordance with the GAAP principles set forth in FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. However, our valuation procedures and our NAV are not subject to GAAP and will not be subject to independent audit. Our NAV may differ from equity reflected on our audited financial statements, even if we are required to adopt a fair value basis of accounting for GAAP financial statement purposes in the future. Our advisor will calculate the fair value of our assets based on appraisals performed by our independent valuation advisor and in accordance with our valuation guidelines. Because these fair value calculations will involve significant professional judgment in the application of both observable and unobservable attributes, the calculated fair value of our assets may differ from their actual realizable value or future fair value. Furthermore, no rule or regulation requires that we calculate NAV in a certain way. While we believe our NAV calculation methodologies are consistent with standard industry principles, there is no established practice among public REITs, whether listed or not, for calculating NAV in order to establish a purchase and repurchase price. As a result, other public REITs may use different methodologies or assumptions to determine NAV.
One fundamental element of the valuation process, the valuation of our properties, will be managed by our independent valuation advisor, Real Estate Research Corporation, a valuation firm selected by our advisor and approved by our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors. Real Estate Research Corporation, founded in 1931, is one of the longest-serving commercial real estate research, valuation and consulting firms in the nation with offices throughout the United States. Real Estate Research Corporation is engaged in the business of rendering opinions regarding the value of commercial real estate properties and is not affiliated with us or our advisor. The compensation we pay to our independent valuation advisor is based on the number of properties we own and is not based on the estimated values of our properties. Our advisor, with the approval of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, may engage additional independent valuation advisors in the future as our portfolio grows and diversifies globally. While our independent valuation advisor is responsible for providing our property valuations, our independent valuation advisor will not be responsible for or calculate our daily NAV.
Each year, our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, will review the appropriateness of our valuation guidelines. With respect to the valuation of our properties, our independent valuation advisor will provide the board with periodic valuation reports in connection with regularly scheduled board meetings, or at such other times as may be requested by the board. From time to time, our board, including a majority of our independent directors, may adopt changes to the valuation guidelines if it (1) determines that such changes are likely to result in a more accurate reflection of NAV or a more efficient or less costly procedure for the determination of NAV without having a material adverse effect on the accuracy of such determination or (2) otherwise reasonably believes a change is appropriate for the determination of NAV.
105
While the methodologies contained in the valuation guidelines will be designed to operate reliably within a wide variety of circumstances, it is possible that in certain unanticipated situations or after the occurrence of certain extraordinary events (such as a terrorist attack or an act of nature), our advisors ability to calculate NAV may be impaired or delayed, including, without limitation, circumstances where there is a delay in accessing or receiving information from vendors or other reporting agents upon which our advisor may rely upon in determining the daily value of our NAV. In these circumstances, a more accurate valuation of our NAV could be obtained by using different assumptions or methodologies. Accordingly, in special situations when, in our advisors reasonable judgment, the administration of the valuation guidelines would otherwise result in a valuation that does not represent a fair and accurate estimate of the value of our investment, our advisor and, to the extent of the independent valuation advisors responsibilities with respect to the valuation of our real properties, the independent valuation advisor, may apply alternative methodologies; provided, that our advisor and, if applicable, the independent valuation advisor, must notify our board of directors of any alternative methodologies utilized and their impact on the overall valuation of the our investment at the next scheduled board meeting. Notwithstanding the foregoing, our board of directors may suspend the offering if it determines that the calculation of NAV is materially incorrect or there is a condition that restricts the valuation of a material portion of our assets.
NAV and NAV Per Share Calculation
We are offering to the public two classes of shares of our common stock, Class A shares and Class M shares. Each class of our common stock including our Class E common stock which we are not offering to the public, will have an undivided interest in our assets and liabilities, other than class-specific liabilities. In accordance with the valuation guidelines, our advisor will calculate our NAV for each class after the end of each business day that the New York Stock Exchange is open for unrestricted trading.
At the end of each unrestricted trading day, before taking into consideration additional issuances of shares of common stock, repurchases or class-specific expense accruals for that day, any change in our aggregate NAV (whether an increase or decrease) will be allocated among each class of shares based on each classs relative percentage of the previous aggregate NAV. Changes in our daily NAV will reflect factors including, but not limited to, our portfolio income, interest expense and unrealized/realized gains (losses) on assets, and accruals for the advisory fee. The portfolio income will be calculated and accrued on the basis of data extracted from (1) the annual budget for each property and at the company level, including organization and offering expenses incurred following the offering commencement date and certain operating expenses, (2) material, unbudgeted non-recurring income and expense events such as capital expenditures, prepayment penalties, assumption fees, tenant buyouts, lease termination fees and tenant turnover with respect to our properties when our advisor becomes aware of such events and the relevant information is available and (3) material property acquisitions and dispositions occurring during the month. For the first month following a property acquisition, we will calculate and accrue portfolio income with respect to such property based on the performance of the property before the acquisition and the contractual arrangements in place at the time of the acquisition, as identified and reviewed through our due diligence and underwriting process in connection with the acquisition. On an ongoing basis, our advisor will adjust the accruals to reflect actual operating results and to appropriately reflect the outstanding receivable, payable and other account balances resulting from the accumulation of daily accruals for which financial information is available. The daily accrual of portfolio income will also include reimbursements to our advisor and dealer manager for organization and offering expenses incurred prior to the offering commencement date and paid on our behalf, which we will reimburse over the 36 months following the offering commencement date. For the purpose of calculating our NAV, all organization and offering costs incurred following the offering commencement date will be recognized as expenses when incurred, and acquisition expenses with respect to each acquired property will be amortized on a daily basis over a five year period following the acquisition date.
Following the allocation of income and expenses as described above, NAV for each class is adjusted for additional issuances of common stock, repurchases, and class specific expense accruals, such as the dealer manager fee and distribution fee, to determine the current days NAV. Selling commissions, which are paid by purchasers of Class A shares in the primary offering at the time of purchase in addition to the NAV per Class A
106
share, will have no effect on the NAV of any class. Our share classes may have different expense accruals associated with the advisory fee we will pay our advisor because the performance component of our advisory fee is calculated separately with respect to each class. See ManagementThe Advisory AgreementAdvisory Fee and Expense Reimbursements for a discussion of the calculation of the performance component of the advisory fee. At the close of business on the date that is one business day after each record date for any declared distribution, which we refer to as the distribution adjustment date, our NAV for each class will be reduced to reflect the accrual of our liability to pay the distribution to our stockholders of record of each class as of the record date.
NAV per share for each class is calculated by dividing such classs NAV at the end of each trading day by the number of shares outstanding for that class on such day.
A hypothetical calculation illustrating the various components that are likely to impact our NAV calculation on any given day is below. For purposes of this illustration, we assume that the calculation occurs on a hypothetical day which is not a distribution adjustment date and on which there are no distribution reinvestments. If the hypothetical day were a distribution adjustment date, the adjustment to reflect the accrual of our liability to pay the distribution would reduce our NAV. This table does not reflect that we have three classes of shares of common stock. As described above and in the footnote to the table below, each class of shares will have a different NAV because certain fees will differ with respect to each class. All amounts shown in the hypothetical calculation below are for illustrative purposes only and are not indicative of our current or projected financial condition or performance.
| NAV | ||||
|
Beginning NAV on Hypothetical Trading Day |
$ | 1,250,000,000 | ||
|
Daily Activity: |
||||
|
Accrual of Portfolio Income (Loss) |
300,000 | |||
|
Accrual of Advisory Fee, Dealer Manager Fee and Distribution Fee (1) |
(80,000 | ) | ||
|
Unrealized/Realized Gains (Losses) on Assets |
75,000 | |||
|
|
|
|||
|
NAV Before Share Purchases and Repurchases |
1,250,295,000 | |||
|
Share Purchases |
3,000,000 | |||
|
Share Repurchases |
(750,000 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|||
|
Ending NAV on Hypothetical Trading Day |
$ | 1,252,545,000 | ||
|
|
|
|||
| (1) | Our share classes may have different expense accruals associated with the advisory fee because the performance component of our advisory fee is calculated separately with respect to each class. In addition, the distribution fee will be accrued and paid with respect to the Class A shares only, and the dealer manager fee will be accrued and paid with respect to the Class A and Class M shares only. No dealer manager fees or distribution fees will be accrued and paid with respect to the Class E shares. |
The combination of the Class A NAV, Class M NAV and Class E NAV will equal the value of our assets less our liabilities, which include certain class-specific liabilities. Our advisor will calculate the value of our investments as directed by our valuation guidelines based upon values received from various sources, including our independent valuation advisor, as described in greater detail below. Our advisor will be responsible for information received from third parties, other than our independent valuation advisor, that is used in calculating our NAV.
Valuation of Properties
Wholly Owned Properties
At the beginning of each calendar year, our advisor will develop a valuation plan with the objective of having each of our wholly owned properties valued each quarter by an appraisal, except for newly acquired properties as described below. Our independent valuation advisor will rely in part on property-level information
107
provided by our advisor, including (1) historical and projected operating revenues and expenses of the property, (2) lease agreements with respect to the property and (3) information regarding recent or planned capital expenditures. Appraisals will be performed in accordance with the Code of Ethics and the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practices, or USPAP, the real estate appraisal industry standards created by The Appraisal Foundation. Each appraisal must be reviewed, approved and signed by an individual with the professional designation of MAI (Member of the Appraisal Institute). Our independent valuation advisor will generally perform the appraisals, but in its discretion, may engage other independent valuation firms to provide appraisals of certain of our properties. Any appraisal provided by a firm other than our independent valuation advisor will be performed in accordance with our valuation guidelines and will not be incorporated into the calculation of our NAV until our independent valuation advisor has confirmed the reasonableness of such appraisal.
Newly acquired wholly owned properties will initially be valued at cost and thereafter will join the quarterly appraisal cycle during the quarter following the first full calendar quarter in which we own the property. Development assets, if any, will be valued at cost plus capital expenditures and will join the quarterly appraisal cycle upon stabilization. Acquisition costs and expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition of multiple wholly owned properties that are not directly related to any single wholly owned property generally will be allocated among the applicable wholly owned properties pro rata based on relative values. Properties purchased as a portfolio or held in a joint venture that acquires properties over time may be valued as a single asset.
Each individual appraisal report for our assets (discussed further below) will be addressed solely to our company to assist our independent valuation advisor in providing our daily property portfolio valuation. Our independent valuation advisors valuation reports will not be addressed to the public and may not be relied upon by any other person to establish an estimated value of our common stock and will not constitute a recommendation to any person to purchase or sell an shares of our common stock. In preparing its valuation reports, our independent valuation advisor will not solicit third-party indications of interest for our common stock in connection with possible purchases thereof or the acquisition of all or any part of our company.
Real estate appraisals will be reported on a free and clear basis (for example no mortgage), irrespective of any property level financing that may be in place. We expect the primary methodology used to value properties will be the income approach, whereby value is derived by determining the present value of an assets stream of future cash flows (for example, discounted cash flow analysis). Consistent with industry practices, the income approach incorporates subjective judgments regarding comparable rental and operating expense data, the capitalization or discount rate, and projections of future rent and expenses based on appropriate evidence. Other methodologies that may also be used to value properties include sales comparisons and replacement cost approaches. Because the appraisals performed by our independent valuation advisor involve subjective judgments, the fair value of our assets, which is included in our NAV, may not reflect the liquidation value or net realizable value of our properties.
Properties Held Through Joint Ventures
Properties held through joint ventures will be valued in a manner that is consistent with the guidelines described above for wholly owned properties. Once the value of a property held by the joint venture is determined by an independent appraisal, the value of our interest in the joint venture would then be determined by applying the distribution provisions of the applicable joint venture agreements to the value of the underlying property held by the joint venture.
Interim Valuations
Wholly owned properties and joint ventures may be valued more frequently than quarterly if our advisor believes that the value of a wholly owned property or joint venture has changed materially since the most recent quarterly valuation. For example, an unexpected termination or renewal of a material lease, a material change in vacancies, an unanticipated structural or environmental event at a property or capital market events may cause the value of a wholly owned property to change materially. Upon the occurrence of such a material event and provided that our advisor is reasonably aware that such event has occurred, our advisor will promptly notify our
108
independent valuation advisor and request that the independent valuation advisor promptly provide an estimate of the change in value of the property. Once the independent valuation advisor has communicated the estimate of property value to our advisor, our advisor will include the revised value in our daily NAV calculation. Any such daily adjustments will be estimates of the market impact of material events to the appraised value of the property, based on assumptions and judgments that may or may not prove to be correct and may also be based on limited information readily available at that time. In addition to the interim estimated valuation adjustment, the independent valuation advisor, at its discretion, may perform an interim appraisal to confirm the estimated property value that was previously communicated to the advisor. In general, we expect that any estimates of value or interim appraisals will be performed as soon as possible after a determination by our advisor that a material change has occurred and the financial effects of such change are quantifiable by the independent valuation advisor. However, rapidly changing market conditions or material events may not be immediately reflected in our daily NAV. The resulting potential disparity in our NAV may inure to the benefit of stockholders whose shares are repurchased or new purchasers of our common stock, depending on whether our published NAV per share for such class is overstated or understated.
Valuation of Real Estate-Related Assets
Real estate-related assets that we own or may acquire include debt and equity interests backed principally by real estate, such as the common and preferred stock of publicly traded real estate companies, commercial mortgage-backed securities, mortgage loans and participations in mortgage loans (i.e. A-Notes and B-Notes) and mezzanine loans. In general, real estate-related assets will be valued according to the procedures specified below upon acquisition or issuance and then quarterly, or in the case of liquid securities, daily, as applicable, thereafter. Interim valuations of real estate-related assets that generally are valued quarterly may be performed if our advisor believes the value of the applicable asset has changed materially since the most recent valuation. In addition, our board of directors may retain additional independent valuation firms to assist with the valuation of our real estate-related assets.
Publicly Traded Real Estate-Related Assets
Publicly traded debt and equity real estate-related securities (such as bonds and shares issued by public REITs) that are not restricted as to salability or transferability will be valued by our advisor on the basis of publicly available information provided by third parties. Generally, the third parties will, upon our advisors request, look up the price of the last trade of such securities that was executed at or prior to closing on the valuation day or, in the absence of such trade, the last bid price. Our advisor may adjust the value of publicly traded debt and equity real estate-related securities that are restricted as to salability or transferability for a liquidity discount. In determining the amount of such discount, consideration will be given to the nature and length of such restriction and the relative volatility of the market price of the security.
Private Real Estate-Related Assets
Investments in privately placed debt instruments and securities of real estate-related operating businesses (other than joint ventures), such as real estate development or management companies, will be valued by our advisor at cost (purchase price plus all related acquisition costs and expenses, such as legal fees and closing costs) and thereafter will be revalued each quarter at fair value. In evaluating the fair value of our interests in certain commingled investment vehicles (such as private real estate funds), values periodically assigned to such interests by the respective issuers or broker-dealers may be relied upon. Our board of directors may retain additional independent valuation firms to assist with the valuation of our private real estate-related assets.
Mortgage Loans, Participations in Mortgage Loans and Mezzanine Loans
Individual investments in mortgages, mortgage participations and mezzanine loans will be valued by our advisor at our acquisition cost and may be revalued by our advisor from time to time. Revaluations of mortgages will reflect the changes in value of the underlying real estate, with anticipated sale proceeds (estimated cash
109
flows) discounted to their present value using a discount rate based on current market rates. Our board of directors may retain additional independent valuation firms to assist with the valuation of our private mortgage loans.
Valuation of Liquid Non-Real estate-related Assets
Liquid non-real estate-related assets include credit rated government and corporate debt securities, publicly traded equity securities and cash and cash equivalents. Liquid non-real estate-related assets will be valued daily by our advisor.
Liabilities
Our advisor will include the value of our liabilities as part of our NAV calculation. We expect that our liabilities will include the fees payable to our advisor and dealer manager, accounts payable, accrued operating expenses, property-level mortgages, any portfolio-level credit facilities and other liabilities. All liabilities will be valued at cost. Costs and expenses that relate to a particular loan will be amortized over the life of the loan. We will allocate the financing costs and expenses incurred in connection with obtaining multiple loans that are not directly related to any single loan among the applicable loans, generally pro rata based on the amount of proceeds from each loan. Liabilities allocable to a specific class of shares will only be included in the NAV calculation for that class. For non-recourse, property-level mortgages that exceed the value of the underlying property, we will assume a value of zero for purposes of the property and the mortgage in the determination of our NAV.
Review of and Changes to Our Valuation Guidelines
Our advisor will review our valuation guidelines and methodologies with our board of directors at least annually. Any changes to our valuation guidelines require the approval of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors.
110
Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data
The following tables presents the selected historical consolidated financial and other data for the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 and for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and balance sheet data as of June 30, 2012 and 2011, December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008 and 2007. The selected historical consolidated financial data has been derived from our consolidated financial statements.
Because the information presented below is only a summary and does not provide all of the information contained in our consolidated financial statements, including the related notes, you should read it in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto for the five-year period ended December 31, 2011 and the quarterly period ended June 30, 2012, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2012 and our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 26, 2012, each of which is incorporated by reference herein. The amounts in the table are in thousands, except per share data.
|
Six Months
Ended June 30, |
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Operating Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Total revenues |
$ | 42,874 | $ | 44,769 | $ | 89,503 | $ | 87,557 | $ | 88,582 | $ | 89,415 | $ | 54,525 | ||||||||||||||
|
Operating expenses |
(30,465 | ) | (45,228 | ) | (77,338 | ) | (63,297 | ) | (81,166 | ) | (97,607 | ) | (52,451 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Operating income (loss) |
12,409 |
|
(459
|
)
|
12,165 | 24,260 | 7,416 | (8,192 | ) | 2,074 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Interest expense |
(16,827 | ) | (15,025 | ) | (30,847 | ) | (31,217 | ) | (31,020 | ) | (31,915 | ) | (17,830 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
Equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated affiliates |
(240 | ) | (1,236 | ) | (1,493 | ) | (2,373 | ) | (8,277 | ) | 1,230 | 536 | ||||||||||||||||
|
Gain (loss) on foreign currency derivative |
| | | | | 1,492 | (504 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Loss from continuing operations |
(4,658 | ) | (16,720 | ) | (20,175 | ) | (9,330 | ) | (31,881 | ) | (37,385 | ) | (15,724 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations |
|
10,465
|
|
|
376
|
|
537 | (27,400 | ) | (9,935 | ) | (840 | ) | 1,516 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Net income (loss) |
5,807 | (16,344 | ) | (19,638 | ) | (36,730 | ) | (41,816 | ) | (38,225 | ) | (14,208 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
Net income (loss) allocated to noncontrolling interests |
(137 | ) | (35 | ) | 250 | 1,090 | 2,205 | 5,651 | 572 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Net income (loss) attributable to Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. |
5,670 | (16,379 | ) | (19,388 | ) | (35,640 | ) | (39,611 | ) | (32,574 | ) | (13,636 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
(23 | ) | 415 | (140 | ) | 501 | 1,846 | (2,848 | ) | 963 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Net comprehensive income (loss) |
$ | 5,647 | $ | (15,964 | ) | $ | (19,528 | ) | $ | (35,139 | ) | $ | (37,765 | ) | $ | (35,422 | ) | $ | (12,673 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Weighted average shares outstandingbasic and diluted |
4,149,487 | 4,135,635 | 4,137,298 | 4,135,635 | 4,128,290 | 3,822,484 | 3,252,725 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
Net income (loss) attributable to Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. per sharebasic and diluted |
$ | 1.36 | $ | (3.96 | ) | $ | (4.69 | ) | $ | (8.62 | ) | $ | (9.59 | ) | $ | (8.52 | ) | $ | (4.19 | ) | ||||||||
|
Cash distributions declared per common share |
$ | 0.55 | $ | 0.00 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 0.00 | $ | 0.875 | $ | 7.00 | $ | 7.00 | ||||||||||||||
111
|
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
Balance Sheet Data (at period end): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 31,958 | $ | 28,033 | $ | 33,431 | $ | 44,258 | $ | 16,395 | $ | 8,386 | ||||||||||||
|
Investments in real estatenet of accumulated depreciation |
689,652 | 741,675 | 771,387 | 897,207 | 957,974 | 918,604 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Investments in real estate and other assets held for sale |
| | | 52,136 | | | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Total assets |
783,820 | 835,050 | 870,689 | 1,017,140 | 1,084,805 | 1,070,188 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Total mortgage notes and other debt payable |
523,062 | 582,495 | 592,804 | 654,086 | 717,497 | 691,316 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Liabilities held for sale |
| | | 43,352 | | | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Total equity |
232,500 | 231,079 | 252,709 | 289,323 | 323,616 | 331,595 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Cash Flows: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Net cash flows provided by operating activities |
$ | 12,485 | $ | 19,331 | $ | 19,040 | $ | 17,758 | $ | 19,983 | $ | 26,464 | ||||||||||||
|
Net cash flows (used in) provided by investing activities |
(3,721 | ) | (12,656 | ) | 42,680 | 37,384 | (37,933 | ) | (391,619 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
Net cash flows (used in) provided by financing activities |
(4,828 | ) | (12,102 | ) | (72,548 | ) | (27,305 | ) | 26,011 | 344,590 | ||||||||||||||
|
Other Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Funds from operations attributable to Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. |
$ | 12,915 | $ | 23,709 | $ | 22,155 | $ | 22,362 | $ | 26,149 | $ | 22,162 | ||||||||||||
|
Funds from operations per sharebasic and diluted (1) |
$ | 3.11 | $ | 5.73 | $ | 5.36 | $ | 5.42 | $ | 6.84 | $ | 6.81 | ||||||||||||
| (1) | Consistent with real estate industry and investment community preferences, we consider funds from operations (FFO) as a supplemental measure of the operating performance for a REIT and a complement to GAAP measures because it facilitates an understanding of the operating performance of our properties. The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, defines FFO as net income (loss) (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains or losses from cumulative effects of accounting changes, extraordinary items and sales of properties, plus real estate-related depreciation and amortization and after adjustments for these items related to non-controlling interests and unconsolidated affiliates. |
FFO does not give effect to real estate depreciation and amortization because these amounts are computed to allocate the cost of a property over its useful life. Because values for well-maintained real estate assets have historically increased or decreased based upon prevailing market conditions, we believe that FFO provides investors with a clearer view of our operating performance.
In October 2011, NAREIT clarified the definition of FFO to exclude real estate impairment charges. We have applied this revised guidance for all periods presented.
112
In order to provide a better understanding of the relationship between FFO and GAAP net income, the most directly comparable GAAP financial reporting measure, we have provided a reconciliation of GAAP net (loss) income attributable to us, to FFO. FFO does not represent cash flow from operating activities in accordance with GAAP, should not be considered as an alternative to GAAP net income and is not necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash needs.
|
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
(In thousands, except per share amounts) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Net income (loss) attributable to Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. |
$ | 5,670 | $ | (16,379 | ) | $ | (19,388 | ) | $ | (35,640 | ) | $ | (39,611 | ) | $ | (32,574 | ) | $ | (13,636 | ) | ||||||||
|
Plus: Real estate depreciation and amortization |
10,649 | 11,900 | 23,463 | 25,849 | 29,256 | 51,148 | 26,262 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
Loss (gain) from sales of real estate |
117 | | | (822 | ) | (2,530 | ) | | | |||||||||||||||||||
|
Real estate depreciation and amortization from discontinued operations |
445 | 959 | 1,917 | 3,163 | 6,866 | 9,096 | 6,098 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
Real estate depreciation and amortization for noncontrolling interests |
(654 | ) | (706 | ) | (1,405 | ) | (1,810 | ) | (2,260 | ) | (6,462 | ) | (1,198 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
Real estate depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated real estate affiliates |
1,793 | 2,360 | 4,188 | 5,776 | 4,686 | 4,941 | 4,636 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
Gain on transfer of property |
(6,018 | ) | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
Impairment (net recovery) of real estate |
| 14,934 | 14,934 | (1,644 | ) | 6,849 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
Impairment (net recovery) of real estate held for sale |
913 | | | 27,283 | 11,837 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
Impairment loss from unconsolidated real estate affiliates |
| | | | 7,269 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Funds from operations attributable to Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. |
$ | 12,915 | $ | 13,068 | $ | 23,709 | $ | 22,155 | $ | 22,362 | $ | 26,149 | $ | 22,162 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted |
4,149,487 | 4,135,635 | 4,137,298 | 4,135,635 | 4,128,290 | 3,822,484 | 3,252,725 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
Funds from operations per share, basic and diluted |
$ | 3.11 | $ | 3.16 | $ | 5.73 | $ | 5.36 | $ | 5.42 | $ | 6.84 | $ | 6.81 | ||||||||||||||
Tender Offers
We historically have conducted semi-annual tender offers to provide limited liquidity to our existing stockholders pursuant to a share repurchase plan we adopted in connection with the private placement of shares of our common stock, which will be changed into Class E shares in connection with the amendment to our charter to be effective prior to the commencement of this offering. However, after making a tender offer in November 2008, we suspended making these tender offers until August 2012 as part of our cash conservation strategy that we implemented in response to the recent uncertain economic climate and extraordinary conditions in the commercial real estate industry over the last few years. See Distribution Information. The share repurchase plan applicable to the shares issued in our private offering will be terminated effective as of the commencement of this offering. The share repurchase plan we have adopted in connection with this offering does not apply to Class E shares, which will become eligible for repurchase thereunder only after they convert to Class
113
M shares and satisfy the applicable holding period. See Share Repurchase Plan. The following is a schedule that describes our historical tender offers pursuant to the share repurchase plan (dollar amounts in thousands other than share and per share amounts).
|
Tender Offer Date |
Dollar Amount
Offered For Repurchase |
Dollar Amount
Accepted For Repurchase |
Number of
Shares Purchased |
Average Price
Per Share |
Average Price Per
Share (As Adjusted for Stock Dividend) (1) |
|||||||||||||||
|
August 15, 2012 |
$ | 25,000 | $ | 25,000 | 442,478 | $ | 56.50 | $ | 9.42 | |||||||||||
|
November 21, 2008 |
10,000 | 10,000 | 81,018 | 123.43 | 20.57 | |||||||||||||||
|
May 23, 2008 |
15,000 | 15,373 | 126,446 | 121.58 | 20.26 | |||||||||||||||
|
November 26, 2007 |
10,000 | 10,160 | 84,699 | 119.95 | 19.99 | |||||||||||||||
|
May 14, 2007 |
10,000 | 13,325 | 114,922 | 115.95 | 19.33 | |||||||||||||||
|
August 7, 2006 |
5,000 | 5,260 | 46,692 | 112.66 | 18.78 | |||||||||||||||
| (1) | On or immediately prior to the offering commencement date, we will effectuate a stock dividend of our Class E shares in order to achieve an NAV per share for each of the Class A, Class M and Class E shares of $10.00 on the offering commencement date. The calculation assumes a stock dividend ratio of 5-to-1 based on our NAV per share of $56.50 as of June 30, 2012. The actual stock dividend ratio will be based on the NAV per Class E share as determined after the close of business on the day prior to the offering commencement date. |
We do not intend to conduct tender offers for the Class A and Class M shares purchased in this offering, and cannot guarantee that sufficient cash will be available at any particular time to fund repurchases pursuant to our share repurchase plan.
Distribution Information
From the first full quarter following the initial closing date of our first offering on December 23, 2004 through March 31, 2009, we declared and paid regular quarterly distributions to our stockholders. In August 2009, we implemented a cash conservation strategy designed to strengthen our balance sheet and protect the value of our real estate portfolio in response to the uncertain economic climate and extraordinary conditions then occurring in the commercial real estate market. As a part of this strategy, we took several actions to increase our cash reserves in order to address our working capital needs and capital expenditures, including the suspension of distribution payments and tender offers pursuant to our share repurchase plan. Our board of directors declared quarterly dividends for our stockholders equal to $0.55 per share for each of the third quarter of 2011 and the first and second quarters of 2012. In addition on July 11, 2012, our board of directors declared a dividend of $0.55 per share to stockholders of record as of September 28, 2012, payable on November 2, 2012. While we intend to pay regular quarterly distributions to our stockholders commencing with the first full quarter following the offering commencement date, there can be no assurance that sufficient cash will be available to pay distributions to our stockholders in the future or that the amount of the distributions will not either decrease or fail to increase over time. Any future distributions will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our earnings, financial condition, maintenance of our REIT status and such other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant from time to time.
114
The following is a schedule that describes our historical distributions paid (amounts in thousands other than per share amounts).
|
For
the
Six Months Ended June 30, |
For the Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Distributions: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Paid in cash |
$ | 1,882 | $ | 1,858 | $ | | $ | 7,217 | $ | 17,019 | $ | 14,364 | $ | 40,458 | ||||||||||||||
|
Reinvested in shares |
399 | 417 | | 3,446 | 8,448 | 6,315 | 18,626 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Total Distributions |
2,281 | 2,275 | | 10,663 | 25,467 | 20,679 | 59,084 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
Source of Distributions: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Cash flow from operations |
2,281 | 2,275 | | 10,663 | 19,983 | 20,679 | 53,600 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
Financing activities |
| | | | 5,484 | | 5,484 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Total Sources of Distributions |
$ | 2,281 | $ | 2,275 | $ | | $ | 10,663 | $ | 25,467 | $ | 20,679 | $ | 59,084 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Commencing with the first calendar quarter after the offering commencement date, we intend to accrue distributions quarterly and pay distributions on a quarterly basis. However, we reserve the right to adjust the periods during which distributions accrue and are paid. We cannot provide assurance with respect to the amount of distributions, if any, that we will pay in the future. Our board of directors and our advisor will periodically review the distribution policy to determine the appropriateness of our dividend rate relative to our current and forecasted cash flows. See Description of Capital StockDistributions.
Historical NAV Per Share
Prior to the commencement of this offering, we established our NAV per share of common stock on a quarterly basis for the purposes of establishing the price of shares sold in our private offerings and the repurchase price for shares purchased in our share repurchase plan. We disclosed these quarterly values in our periodic reports that we filed with the SEC. We determined our NAV as of the end of each of the first three quarters of a fiscal year within 45 calendar days following the end of such quarter, and our fourth quarter NAV after the completion of our year-end audit. We calculated our quarterly NAV as of the determination date as follows: (i) the aggregate value of (A) our interests in real estate investments, plus (B) all our other assets, minus (ii) the aggregate fair value of our indebtedness and other outstanding obligations.
To value our real estate investments, our board of directors engaged our independent valuation advisor, which retained independent real estate appraisal firms to report directly to our independent valuation advisor and appraise each investment not less than annually beginning one year after our acquisition of the property. Each real estate investment was initially carried at capitalized cost following its acquisition and reviewed quarterly by our advisor for material events at the property or market level that may have warranted an adjustment of the valuation. From and after a real estate investment was appraised by the independent appraisal firm, the value of the investment was adjusted to the appraised value. For each of the three quarters following the independent appraisal of a particular investment, our independent valuation advisor determined the value of such investment based on its review and update of the appraisal metrics and any material changes at the property or market level. Our independent valuation advisor reported the values of our real estate investments to our board of directors on a quarterly basis. Our independent valuation advisor also determined the value of the indebtedness related to each investment based on then-current interest rates and spreads for similar mortgage debt, beginning one year after the acquisition of the encumbered property and on a quarterly basis thereafter.
Our real estate investments were valued using valuation methods that we believe are typically used by investors for properties that are similar to ours, including capitalization of the propertys net operating income,
115
ten-year discounted cash flow models and comparisons with sales of similar properties. Primary emphasis was placed on the discounted cash flow model, and the other approaches were used to confirm the reasonableness of the results of the discounted cash flow model.
The NAV as of the end of each quarter was divided by the number of outstanding shares at the end of such quarter to determine the NAV per share. During the first three quarters of a calendar year, the NAV per share was calculated based on the value of our real estate investments and indebtedness, as determined by our independent valuation advisor, and the value of our other assets and liabilities, as determined by our advisor. For the first three quarters of each year, our NAV was reviewed by our independent auditors and discussed with our audit committee prior to the issuance of our periodic filings with the SEC. Our NAV per share as of the end of each year was calculated based on the value of our real estate investments and indebtedness, as determined by our independent valuation advisor, and value of our other assets and liabilities, as determined by our advisor and then audited by our independent auditors. The supplemental consolidated fair value information was approved by our board of directors as a component of our year-end audited financial statements.
During this continuous offering, our advisor will calculate our NAV for each class of our common stock (Class A, Class E and Class M) after the end of each business day that the New York Stock Exchange is open for unrestricted trading. The valuation guidelines we have adopted for purposes of the daily determination of NAV per share in this offering differ from the valuation methodologies we employed in connection with our historical quarterly NAV per share calculations in certain respects. For example, for purposes of calculating our historical quarterly NAV per share, our mortgage debt payable was recorded at fair value on a quarterly basis. This method resulted in an asset or liability, depending on current lending rates for similar mortgages, that was amortized away over the loan term. Our new valuation guidelines provide that, for purposes of calculating NAV per share on a daily basis, mortgage debt payable will be valued at the outstanding loan balance. For more information regarding how we will calculate our NAV on a daily basis in connection with this offering, see Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Guidelines.
The following table presents our historical NAV per share of common stock for each period indicated below, including pro forma amounts as adjusted for the stock dividend we intend to effectuate on or immediately prior to the offering commencement date:
|
Quarter Ended |
NAV per Share
(Actual) |
NAV per Share
(Pro Forma) (1) |
NAV per Share (Pro
Forma as Adjusted for Stock Dividend) (2) |
|||||||||
|
June 30, 2012 |
$ | 56.50 | $ | 59.19 | $ | 9.87 | ||||||
|
March 31, 2012 |
55.27 | 56.75 | 9.46 | |||||||||
|
December 31, 2011 |
54.81 | 55.86 | 9.31 | |||||||||
|
September 30, 2011 |
53.60 | 54.78 | 9.13 | |||||||||
|
June 30, 2011 |
52.36 | 52.94 | 8.82 | |||||||||
|
March 31, 2011 |
49.92 | 48.59 | 8.10 | |||||||||
|
December 31, 2010 |
47.69 | 46.26 | 7.71 | |||||||||
|
September 30, 2010 |
49.60 | 46.40 | 7.73 | |||||||||
|
June 30, 2010 |
52.17 | 46.85 | 7.14 | |||||||||
|
March 31, 2010 |
55.23 | 41.32 | 6.89 | |||||||||
| (1) | The NAV per Share (Pro Forma) is calculated pursuant to the valuation guidelines applicable during this offering as described under Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Guidelines. As described above, the valuation guidelines we have adopted for purposes of the daily determination of NAV per share in this offering differ from the valuation methodologies we employed in connection with our historical quarterly NAV per share calculations in certain respects. |
| (2) | Assumes a stock dividend ratio of 5-to-1 and is calculated using the guidelines described under Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Guidelines. |
116
As of [ ], 2012, the business day prior to the date of this prospectus, our NAV per share was as follows (at the commencement of this offering, each of our share classes will have the same NAV per share):
|
Share Class |
NAV per Share |
NAV per Share
(Pro Forma) |
NAV per Share (Pro
Forma as Adjusted for Stock Dividend) |
|||||||||
|
Class A |
$ | [ | ] | $ | [ | ] | $ | [ | ] | |||
|
Class M |
$ | [ | ] | $ | [ | ] | $ | [ | ] | |||
|
Class E |
$ | [ | ] | $ | [ | ] | $ | [ | ] | |||
| (1) | The NAV per Share (Pro Forma) is calculated pursuant to the valuation guidelines applicable during this offering as described under Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Guidelines. As described above, the valuation guidelines we have adopted for purposes of the daily determination of NAV per share in this offering differ from the valuation methodologies we employed in connection with our historical quarterly NAV per share calculations in certain respects. |
| (2) | Assumes a stock dividend ratio of 5-to-1 and is calculated using the guidelines described under Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Guidelines. |
The following table provides a breakdown of the major components of our NAV per share as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
|
Component of NAV |
June 30, 2012 | December 31, 2011 | ||||||
|
Real estate investments (1) |
$ | 187.79 | $ | 197.82 | ||||
|
Debt |
(140.42 | ) | (151.66 | ) | ||||
|
Other assets and liabilities, net |
9.13 | 8.65 | ||||||
|
Estimated enterprise value premium |
None assumed | None assumed | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
NAV per share |
$ | 56.50 | $ | 54.81 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| (1) | The value of our real estate investments was less than historical cost by approximately 18.0% and 21.8% as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. |
The following are key assumptions (shown on a weighted-average basis) that are used in the discounted cash flow models to estimate the value of our real estate investments as of June 30, 2012:
|
Commercial
Office/ Medical Office/ Industrial |
Retail | Apartment |
Total
Company |
|||||||||||||
|
Exit capitalization rate |
7.55 | % | 7.61 | % | 7.09 | % | 7.44 | % | ||||||||
|
Discount rate/internal rate of return (IRR) |
8.51 | 8.27 | 8.27 | 8.36 | ||||||||||||
|
Annual market rent growth rate |
3.10 | 3.02 | 2.93 | 3.04 | ||||||||||||
|
Holding period (years) |
10.10 | 9.70 | 10.00 | 10.00 | ||||||||||||
117
The following are key assumptions (shown on a weighted-average basis) that are used in the discounted cash flow models to estimate the value of our real estate investments as of December 31, 2011:
|
Commercial
Office/ Medical Office/ Industrial |
Retail | Apartment |
Total
Company |
|||||||||||||
|
Exit capitalization rate |
7.68 | % | 7.75 | % | 7.30 | % | 7.61 | % | ||||||||
|
Discount rate/internal rate of return (IRR) |
8.81 | 8.40 | 8.54 | 8.63 | ||||||||||||
|
Annual market rent growth rate |
3.06 | 2.94 | 2.83 | 2.97 | ||||||||||||
|
Holding period (years) |
9.90 | 9.80 | 10.00 | 9.90 | ||||||||||||
While we believe our assumptions are reasonable, a change in these assumptions would impact the calculation of the value of our real estate assets. For example, assuming all other factors remain unchanged, an increase in the weighted-average discount/internal rate of return (IRR) used as of June 30, 2012 of 0.25% would yield a decrease in our total real estate investments value of 1.38% and our NAV per share would have been $54.21. An increase in the weighted-average discount rate/internal rate of return (IRR) used as of December 31, 2011 of 0.25% would yield a decrease in our real estate investments value of 1.49% and our NAV per share would have been $52.37.
Limitations and Risks
As with any valuation methodology, our methodology is based upon a number of estimates and assumptions that may not be accurate or complete. Different parties with different assumptions and estimates could derive a different NAV per share. Accordingly, with respect to our NAV per share, we can provide no assurance that:
| |
a stockholder would be able to realize this NAV per share upon attempting to resell his or her shares; |
| |
we would be able to achieve, for our stockholders, the NAV per share, upon a listing of our shares of common stock on a national securities exchange, selling our real estate portfolio or merging with another company; or |
| |
the NAV per share, or the methodologies relied upon to estimate the NAV per share, will be found by any regulatory authority to comply with FINRA, ERISA or any other regulatory requirements. |
Furthermore, the NAV per share was calculated as of a particular point in time. The NAV per share will fluctuate over time in response to, among other things, changes in real estate market fundamentals, capital markets activities and attributes specific to the properties and leases within our portfolio.
118
The following table sets forth our consolidated cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of June 30, 2012. This information should be read in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the consolidated financial statements and related notes for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2012, included in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2012 and incorporated by reference herein.
|
As of
June 30, 2012 |
||||
| (In thousands) | ||||
|
Mortgage notes payable, net |
$ | 523,062 | ||
|
Equity: |
||||
|
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share: 100,000,000 shares authorized, 4,154,356 shares issued and outstanding, actual |
42 | |||
|
Additional paid-in-capital |
454,259 | |||
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
299 | |||
|
Distributions to stockholders |
(85,202 | ) | ||
|
Accumulated deficit |
(147,657 | ) | ||
|
Noncontrolling interests |
10,759 | |||
|
Total equity |
232,500 | |||
|
|
|
|||
|
Total capitalization |
$ | 755,562 | ||
|
|
|
|||
119
Purchasers of our common stock in this offering will experience immediate dilution of the net tangible book value of our common stock to the extent of the difference between the public offering price per share of common stock and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock at the time of purchasing shares in this offering. Our historical net tangible book value as of June 30, 2012 was $180.1 million, which represents $43.35 per share of common stock or $7.23 per share of common stock, as adjusted for the stock dividend we intend to effect on or immediately prior to the offering commencement date. Net tangible book value per share is determined by dividing our total tangible assets less our total liabilities by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. After giving effect to our sale of 300,000,000 shares of common stock, which represents the maximum number of shares that will be issued in the maximum offering at an assumed public offering price of $10.00 per share (excluding any selling commissions for Class A shares), the $50 million investment by an affiliate of our sponsor on August 8, 2012, and after deducting offering expenses, our pro forma net tangible book value as of June 30, 2012, as adjusted for the stock dividend we intend to effect on or immediately prior to the offering commencement date, would have been approximately $3.2 billion, or $9.72 per share. This amount represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value to our existing stockholders of $2.49 per share and an immediate dilution in pro forma net tangible book value to new investors of $0.28 per share. The following table illustrates this per share dilution related to the primary offering, assuming a stock dividend ratio of 5-to-1:
|
Historical net tangible book value (deficit) per share (1) as of June 30, 2012 |
$ | 7.23 | ||
|
Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to this offering |
2.49 | |||
|
|
|
|||
|
Pro forma net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering |
9.72 | |||
|
Assumed public offering price per share |
10.00 | |||
|
|
|
|||
|
Dilution in net tangible book value per share to investors in this offering |
$ | 0.28 | ||
|
|
|
| (1) | Net tangible book value per share is calculated by taking our historical cost balance sheet and removing all intangible assets and liabilities (examples include deferred expenses, acquired intangible assets, deferred rent and acquired intangible liabilities) divided by the number of outstanding shares of common stock. |
We have authorized and reserved an aggregate maximum number of 2,000,000 Class M shares for issuance under our incentive plan. To the extent that any stock based-awards are granted or we issue additional shares of any class of common stock in the future, there will be further dilution to investors participating in this offering.
120
General
While you should view your investment in our common stock as long term with limited liquidity, we have adopted a share repurchase plan, whereby on a daily basis, stockholders may request that we repurchase all or any portion of their shares of Class A and Class M common stock. See Description of Capital StockCommon StockClass E Shares. Class E shares are not eligible for repurchase pursuant to the plan until they have converted to Class M Shares. Our advisor has agreed that the Class M shares that it will purchase prior to the commencement of this offering will not be eligible for repurchase pursuant to the plan and instead will be subject to separate repurchase terms pursuant to the purchase agreement with respect to such shares. See Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial OwnersOwnership by Our Sponsor and its Affiliates. Due to the illiquid nature of investments in real estate, we may not have sufficient liquid resources to fund repurchase requests. In addition, we have established limitations on the amount of funds we may use for repurchases during any calendar quarter. See Repurchase Limitations below. Further, our board of directors has the right to modify or suspend the share repurchase plan if it deems such action to be in the best interest of our stockholders.
You may request that we repurchase shares of our common stock through your investment advisor or directly with our transfer agent. We will generally adhere to the following procedures relating to the repurchase of shares of our common stock:
| |
Under our share repurchase plan, on each day the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading (a business day), stockholders may request that we repurchase all or any portion of their shares. Repurchase requests received and processed by our transfer agent on a business day and before the close of business (4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on that day will be effected at a repurchase price equal to our NAV per share for the class of shares being repurchased calculated after the close of business on that day. |
| |
Repurchase requests received and processed by our transfer agent on a business day, but after the close of business on that day, will be effected at our NAV per share for the class of shares being repurchased calculated after the close of business on the next business day. The repurchase price per share on any business day will be our NAV per share for the class of shares being repurchased, after giving effect to any share purchases or repurchases to be effected on such day. Although a stockholder will not know at the time he or she requests the repurchase of shares the exact price at which such repurchase request will be processed, the stockholder may cancel the repurchase request before it has been processed by notifying a customer service representative available on our toll-free, automated telephone line, (855) 652-0277. The line is open on each business day between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. (Eastern time). Repurchase requests submitted before 4:00 p.m. on a business day must be cancelled before 4:00 p.m. on the same day. Repurchase requests received after 4:00 p.m. on a business day, or at any time on a day that is not a business day, must be cancelled before 4:00 p.m. on the next business day. If the repurchase request is not cancelled before the applicable time described above, the stockholder will be contractually bound to repurchase of the shares and will not be permitted to cancel the request prior to the payment of repurchase proceeds. |
| |
Repurchase requests may be made by mail or by contacting your financial intermediary, all subject to certain conditions described in this prospectus. |
If by Mail: Written requests signed by the registered account owner(s) should be sent to our transfer agent specifying: (1) the stockholders account number, (2) the name(s) registered on the account, and (3) the dollar value or number of shares that the stockholder wishes us to repurchase. Written requests should be sent to the transfer agent at the following address:
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.
c/o DST Systems, Inc.
P.O. Box 219165
Kansas City, MO 64121-9165
(855) 652-0277
121
Corporate investors and other non-individual entities must have an appropriate certification on file authorizing repurchases. A signature guarantee may be required.
| |
For processed repurchases, stockholders may request that repurchase proceeds are paid by mailed check provided that the amount is less than $100,000 and the check is mailed to an address on file with the transfer agent for at least 30 days. |
| |
Processed repurchases of more than $100,000 will be paid only via wire transfer. For this reason, stockholders who own more than $100,000 of our common stock must provide wiring instructions for their brokerage account or designated U.S. bank account. Stockholders who own less than $100,000 of our common stock may also receive repurchase proceeds via wire transfer, provided the payment amount is at least $5,000. For all repurchases paid via wire transfer, the funds will be wired to the account on file with the transfer agent or, upon instruction, to another financial institution provided that the stockholder has made the necessary funds transfer arrangements. The customer service representative can provide detailed instructions on establishing funding arrangements and designating your bank or brokerage account on file. Funds will be wired only to U.S. financial institutions (ACH network members). |
| |
A medallion signature guarantee will be required in certain circumstances. The medallion signature process protects stockholders by verifying the authenticity of a signature and limiting unauthorized fraudulent transactions. A medallion signature guarantee may be obtained from a domestic bank or trust company, broker-dealer, clearing agency, savings association, or other financial institution which participates in a medallion program recognized by the Securities Transfer Association. The three recognized medallion programs are the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program (STAMP), the Stock Exchanges Medallion Program (SEMP) and the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. Medallion Signature Program (NYSE MSP). Signature guarantees from financial institutions which are not participating in any of these medallion programs will not be accepted. A notary public cannot provide signature guarantees. We reserve the right to amend, waive or discontinue this policy at any time and establish other criteria for verifying the authenticity of any repurchase or transaction request. We may require a medallion signature guarantee if, among other reasons: (1) the amount of the repurchase request is over $500,000; (2) you wish to have repurchase proceeds transferred by wire to an account other than the designated bank or brokerage account on file for at least 30 days or sent to an address other than your address of record for the past 30 days; or (3) our transfer agent cannot confirm your identity or suspects fraudulent activity. |
Our board of directors will approve any distributions on each class of shares of our common stock for stockholders of record as of a record date. Because we anticipate that each class of shares will have a different amount of net income allocated thereto as a result of the differences in the fees paid on each class of shares, the distributions paid with respect to each class of shares is not expected to be of equal dollar amounts. At the close of business on the distribution adjustment date, our NAV will be reduced to reflect the accrual of our liability to pay the distribution to our stockholders of record as of the record date. As a result, investors requesting that we repurchase shares of our common stock will be affected in the following manner:
| |
If your request for repurchase is received and processed up to and including the business day immediately preceding the distribution adjustment date, your repurchase price will not reflect a reduction in NAV resulting from the distribution because you will no longer be a stockholder of record on the applicable record date and therefore will not be entitled to receive the distribution. |
| |
If your request for repurchase is received and processed on or after the distribution adjustment date, your repurchase price will reflect this reduction in NAV because you will still be a stockholder of record for distribution purposes and therefore will be entitled to receive the distribution. |
122
Minimum Account Repurchases
In the event that any stockholder fails to maintain the minimum balance of $5,000 of shares of our common stock, we may repurchase all of the shares held by that stockholder at the repurchase price in effect on the date we determine that the stockholder has failed to meet the minimum balance. Minimum account repurchases will apply even in the event that the failure to meet the minimum balance is caused solely by a decline in our NAV.
Sources of Funds for Repurchases
We may, in our advisors discretion, after taking the interests of our company as a whole and the interests of our remaining stockholders into consideration, use proceeds from any available sources at our disposal to satisfy repurchase requests, subject to the limitation on the amount of funds we may use described below under Repurchase Limitations. Potential sources of funding repurchases include, but are not limited to, available cash, proceeds from sales of shares of our common stock, excess cash flow from operations, sales of our liquid investments, incurrence of indebtedness and, if necessary, proceeds from the disposition of properties or real estate-related assets.
Payment of Repurchase Proceeds
Under normal market conditions, we will pay repurchase proceeds, less any applicable tax or other withholding required by law, by the third business day following receipt by our transfer agent of a repurchase request in good order. However, when you request that we repurchase shares for which the purchase money for the shares being repurchased has not yet been collected, the request will be executed at the next determined NAV, but the transfer agent will not release the proceeds until your purchase payment clears. This may take up to 15 days or more. Because our NAV per share for each class of common stock will be calculated at the close of each business day, the repurchase price may fluctuate between the date we receive the repurchase request and the date on which repurchase proceeds are paid. As a result, the repurchase price that a stockholder will receive may be different from the repurchase price on the day the repurchase proceeds are paid. If a stockholders shares are repurchased after a distribution record date but prior to the date on which the declared distribution is paid, the stockholder will be entitled to receive such distribution with respect to the repurchased shares of our common stock held on the record date. Such stockholders repurchase price will reflect the reduction in NAV allocable to the class of shares being repurchased on the distribution adjustment date to reflect the accrual of our liability to pay a distribution to our holders of record of that class of shares as of the applicable record date. This will have no effect on the true price of the repurchased shares even though, everything being equal, NAV will decrease on the distribution adjustment date by the amount of the declared distribution.
Repurchase Limitations
Under our share repurchase plan, shares are not eligible for repurchase for the first year after purchase except upon death or disability of a stockholder; provided, however, that shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan are not subject to the one-year holding period. For purposes of determining whether the Class M shares issued upon conversion of Class E shares have met the one-year holding period, such Class M shares shall be deemed to have been purchased on the conversion date. The repurchase of Class A and Class M shares is limited during any calendar quarter to shares whose aggregate value (based on the repurchase price per share on the day the repurchase is effected) is 5% of the combined NAV of all classes of shares (including the Class E shares which are not eligible for repurchase) as of the last day of the previous calendar quarter, which means that in any 12-month period, we limit repurchases to approximately 20% of our total NAV. Moreover, until our total NAV has reached $600 million, repurchases for shares of both classes in the aggregate may not exceed 25% of the gross proceeds received by us from the commencement of this offering through the last day of the prior calendar quarter.
On the first business day during any quarter in which we have reached that quarters repurchase volume limitation, we will publicly disclose such fact through a filing with the SEC and a posting to our website in order to notify stockholders that we will not accept additional repurchase requests during such quarter. In such event,
123
unless our board of directors determines to suspend our share repurchase plan for any of the reasons described below, our share repurchase plan will automatically and without stockholder notification resume on the first day of the calendar quarter following the quarter in which repurchases were suspended due to reaching such quarters volume limitation. Even when repurchase requests do not exceed our plans quarterly volume limitation, we may not have a sufficient amount of liquid assets to satisfy repurchase requests because our assets will consist primarily of properties and types of real estate-related assets that cannot be readily liquidated. Under normal circumstances, we intend to maintain an allocation to cash, cash equivalents, securities and other liquid assets of up to 15% of our NAV, which we may supplement by borrowing additional funds under a line of credit.
Should repurchase requests, in the business judgment of our board of directors, place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations or risk having an adverse impact on stockholders whose shares are not repurchased, then our board of directors may modify or suspend our share repurchase plan if it deems such action to be in the best interest of our stockholders. In addition, our board of directors may determine to suspend the share repurchase plan due to regulatory changes, changes in law or if our board of directors becomes aware of undisclosed material information that it believes should be publicly disclosed before shares are repurchased. Accordingly, stockholders cannot be assured that all of the shares in their repurchase requests will be repurchased. Any suspension of, or material modification to, the share repurchase plan will be disclosed to stockholders as promptly as practicable in reports we file with the SEC and via our website. Once the share repurchase plan is suspended by our board of directors other than as a result of reaching the quarterly volume limitation, our board of directors must affirmatively authorize the recommencement of the plan before stockholder requests will be considered again. The start of a new calendar quarter will not automatically trigger the recommencement of the share repurchase plan. Because our board of directors is not required to authorize the recommencement of the plan within any specified period of time, our board may effectively terminate the plan by suspending it indefinitely. We will provide notice to stockholders of any recommencement of the share repurchase plan following such a suspension due to action of our board of directors.
If the full amount of all shares of our common stock requested to be repurchased as of any given date are not repurchased, due to our volume limitations or lack of readily available funds, available funds will be allocated pro rata based on the total number of shares of common stock subject to pending repurchase requests without regard to class and subject to the volume limitation.
All unsatisfied repurchase requests due to any of the limitations described above must be resubmitted after the start of the next quarter or upon the recommencement of the share repurchase plan, as applicable.
To avoid certain issues related to our ability to comply with the REIT distribution requirements and utilize the deficiency dividend procedure (see Federal Income Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of the CompanyAnnual Distribution Requirements), we will implement procedures designed to track our stockholders percentage interests in our common stock in order to identify any such dividend equivalent repurchases and will decline to effect a repurchase to the extent that we believe that it would constitute a dividend equivalent repurchase. See Federal Income Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of StockholdersTaxation of Taxable U.S. StockholdersRepurchases of Our Common Stock.
Other
When you request that we repurchase shares, you should note the following:
| |
if you are requesting that some but not all of your shares be repurchased, keep your balance above $5,000 to avoid minimum account repurchase, if applicable; |
| |
you will not receive interest on amounts represented by uncashed repurchase checks; and |
| |
under applicable anti-money laundering regulations and other federal regulations, repurchase requests may be suspended, restricted or canceled and the proceeds may be withheld. |
124
Internal Revenue Service regulations require us to determine and disclose on Form 1099-B the adjusted cost basis for shares of our stock sold or repurchased. Although there are several available methods for determining the adjusted cost basis, unless you elect otherwise, which you may do by checking the appropriate box on the subscription agreement or calling our customer service number at (855) 652-0277, we will utilize the first-in-first-out method. For purposes of calculating your cost basis using the first-in-first-out method, tax lots of both held shares and available shares are used.
Shares repurchased under our share repurchase plan will have the status of authorized but unissued shares. Shares we acquire through the share repurchase plan will not be reissued unless they are first registered with the SEC under the Securities Act and under appropriate state securities laws or otherwise issued in compliance with such laws.
125
The following summary of the material terms of our capital stock does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to Maryland law and our charter and bylaws. Our charter authorizes us to issue up to 1,000,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01, 400,000,000 of which are classified as Class A shares, 200,000,000 of which are classified as Class E shares, and 400,000,000 of which are classified as Class M shares, and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share. Our charter authorizes our board of directors to amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of authorized shares or the number of authorized shares of any class or series that we have authority to issue without stockholder approval. As of the date of this prospectus, [ ] Class E shares were issued and outstanding, [ ] of which were owned by affiliates of our sponsor. No Class A shares, Class M shares or shares of preferred stock were issued and outstanding.
Common Stock
Subject to the provisions of our charter regarding the restrictions on ownership and transfer of our stock and except as may otherwise be specified in the charter, the holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters voted on by stockholders, including the election of our directors. Each holder of a share of common stock will vote together with the holders of all other shares of common stock entitled to vote on all matters (as to which a common stockholder is entitled to vote pursuant to applicable law) at all meetings of stockholders. Our charter does not provide for cumulative voting in the election of directors. Therefore, under the mandatory provisions of Maryland General Corporation Law, the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock can elect our entire board of directors to hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors are elected and qualify. Subject to any preferential rights of any outstanding series of preferred stock and the provisions of our charter regarding the restrictions on ownership and transfer of our stock, the holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to such distributions as may be authorized from time to time by our board of directors out of legally available funds and declared by us and, upon liquidation, are entitled to receive all assets available for distribution to stockholders. All shares of our common stock issued in the offering will be fully paid and nonassessable shares of common stock. Holders of shares of our common stock will not have preemptive rights, which means that you will not have an option to purchase any new shares of common stock that we issue, or preference, conversion, exchange, sinking fund or redemption rights. Holders of shares of our common stock will not have appraisal rights, unless our board of directors determines that appraisal rights apply, with respect to all or any classes or series of our common stock, to one or more transactions occurring after the date of such determination in connection with which stockholders would otherwise be entitled to exercise such rights. Stockholders are not liable for our acts or obligations.
We will not issue certificates for shares of our common stock. Shares of our common stock will be held in uncertificated form which will eliminate the physical handling and safekeeping responsibilities inherent in owning transferable share certificates and eliminate the need to return a duly executed share certificate to effect a transfer. DST Systems, Inc. acts as our registrar and as the transfer agent for shares of our common stock. Transfers can be effected by contacting the transfer agent at:
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.
c/o DST Systems, Inc.
P.O. Box 219165
Kansas City, MO 64121-9165
(855) 652-0277
126
Class A Shares
Each Class A share issued in the primary offering will be subject to a selling commission of up to 3.5% of the NAV per Class A share on the date of purchase. In addition, we will pay our dealer manager a dealer manager fee and a distribution fee that accrue daily in an amount equal to 1/365 th of 0.55% and 1/365 th of 0.50%, respectively, of the amount of our NAV for the Class A shares for such day on a continuous basis from year to year, subject to certain limitations.
Class E Shares
Each share issued and outstanding prior to the commencement of this offering is classified as a Class E share. The Class E shares are identical to the Class A and Class M shares of common stock except that (i) Class E shares will convert automatically into Class M shares one year after the offering commencement date, and (ii) no selling commissions, dealer manager fees or distribution fees will be payable with respect to the Class E shares. No Class E shares will be issued in this offering. The Class E shares are not eligible for repurchase pursuant to our share repurchase plan until they have converted into Class M shares and satisfied the applicable one-year holding period following the conversion.
Class M Shares
No selling commissions will be paid for sales of any Class M shares, and we will not pay our dealer manager distribution fees with respect to the Class M shares. Class M shares are available for purchase in this offering only (1) through fee-based programs, also known as wrap accounts, of investment dealers, (2) through participating broker-dealers that have alternative fee arrangements with their clients, (3) through certain registered investment advisers, (4) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act in a fiduciary capacity for its clients or customers, (5) by endowments, foundations, pension funds and other institutional investors or (6) by our executive officers and directors and their immediate family members, as well as officers and employees of our advisor, our sponsor or other affiliates and their immediate family members, and, if approved by our board of directors, joint venture partners, consultants and other service providers.
Rights Upon Liquidation
In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company, or any distribution of our assets, (i) the holder of each Class A share shall be entitled to be paid, out of our assets that are legally available for distribution, a liquidation preference equal to our NAV for Class A shares divided by the number of Class A shares outstanding, or the NAV per Class A share, (ii) the holder of each Class E share shall be entitled to be paid, out of our assets that are legally available for distribution, a liquidation preference equal to the NAV for Class E shares divided by the number of Class E shares outstanding, or the NAV per Class E share, and (iii) the holder of each Class M share shall be entitled to be paid, out of our assets that are legally available for distribution, a liquidation preference equal to the NAV for Class M shares divided by the number of Class M shares outstanding, or the NAV per Class M share. If upon the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company, our available assets, or proceeds thereof, distributable among our stockholders are insufficient to pay these liquidation preferences, then such assets, or the proceeds thereof, will be distributed among the holders of each of share class ratably in the same proportion as the respective amounts that would be payable on such share class if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full.
Preferred Stock
Our charter authorizes our board of directors, without stockholder approval, to classify and reclassify any unissued shares of our common stock and preferred stock into other classes or series of stock. Prior to issuance of
127
shares of each class or series, the board of directors is required by the Maryland General Corporation Law and by our charter to set, subject to our charter restrictions on transfer of our stock, the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption for each class or series. Thus, the board of directors could authorize the issuance of shares of common stock or preferred stock with terms and conditions which could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or change in control that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or otherwise be in their best interest. Our board of directors has no present plans to issue preferred stock, but may do so at any time in the future without stockholder approval. The issuance of preferred stock must be approved by a majority of our independent directors not otherwise interested in the transaction, who will have access, at our expense, to our legal counsel or to independent legal counsel.
Meetings, Special Voting Requirements and Access to Records
An annual meeting of the stockholders will be held each year at our principal executive office or such other location convenient to stockholders on a specific date which will be at least 30 days after delivery of our annual report. Special meetings of stockholders may be called upon the request of a majority of the directors, a majority of the independent directors, the chairman of the board, the chief executive officer or the president and must be called by the secretary to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of stockholders upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast at least 10% of the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at the meeting. The presence either in person or by proxy of stockholders entitled to cast at least 50% of the votes entitled to be cast at the meeting on any matter will constitute a quorum. Generally, the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes cast is necessary to take stockholder action, except as described in the next paragraph and except that the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares entitled to vote and represented in person or by proxy at a meeting at which a quorum is present is required to elect a director.
Under the mandatory provisions of Maryland General Corporation Law, stockholders are not entitled to vote to cause the company to dissolve, amend its charter, merge, sell all or substantially all of its assets, engage in a share exchange or engage in similar transactions outside the ordinary course of business unless such matters are first declared advisable by the board of directors. Even if declared advisable by the board of directors, a Maryland corporation generally cannot perform any such action unless the action is approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. However, a Maryland corporation may provide in its charter for approval of these matters by a lesser percentage, but not less than a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our charter provides for approval of these matters by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Under Maryland General Corporation Law, stockholder approval is not required for certain mergers and transfers of all or substantially all of a corporations assets. Such transactions include (1) mergers with a 90% or more owned subsidiary in which the charter is not amended and stockholder contract rights do not change, (2) mergers in which the corporation is the successor entity and the terms of its stock do not change, its charter is not otherwise amended and the number of shares of stock of any class or series outstanding immediately after the merger becomes effective does not increase by more than 20% of the number of shares of the class or series outstanding immediately before the merger becomes effective and (3) transfers of all or substantially all of the corporations assets to a wholly-owned subsidiary or by mortgage or pledge.
The advisory agreement is approved annually by our board of directors including a majority of the independent directors. While the stockholders do not have the ability to vote to replace our advisor or to select its replacements, stockholders do have the ability, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of directors, to remove a director from our board of directors.
Under Maryland General Corporation Law, any stockholder and any designated representative will be permitted access to the following records: our charter, our bylaws, the minutes of the proceedings of our stockholders, our annual statements of affairs and voting trust agreements deposited with us. We will make any of these requested documents available at our principal office within seven days after receipt of a request;
128
provided, however, that we will have up to 20 days to prepare and have available on file for inspection and copying certain requested statements of stock and securities issued. A requesting stockholder may inspect and copy any of these documents for a reasonable charge, upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours. In addition, we may require the stockholder to execute a confidentiality agreement prior to reviewing certain other corporate records relating to our proposed and existing investments. Inspection of our records by the office or agency administering the securities laws of a jurisdiction will be provided upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours. An alphabetical list of the names, addresses and telephone numbers of our stockholders, along with the number of shares of our stock held by each of them, will be maintained as part of our books and records and will be available for inspection by any stockholder or the stockholders designated agent at our office. The stockholder list will be updated at least quarterly to reflect changes in the information contained therein. A copy of the list will be mailed to any stockholder who requests the list within 10 days of the receipt of the request. A stockholder may request a copy of the stockholder list in connection with matters relating to voting rights and the exercise of stockholder rights under federal proxy laws. A stockholder requesting a list will be required to pay reasonable costs of postage and duplication. We have the right to request that a requesting stockholder represent to us that the list will not be used to pursue commercial interests unrelated to the stockholders interest in us. In addition to the foregoing, stockholders have rights under Rule 14a-7 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which provides that, upon the request of investors and the payment of the expenses of the distribution, we are required to distribute specific materials to stockholders in the context of the solicitation of proxies for voting on matters presented to stockholders or, at our option, provide requesting stockholders with a copy of the list of stockholders so that the requesting stockholders may make the distribution of proxies themselves. If a proper request for the stockholder list is not honored, then the requesting stockholder will be entitled to recover certain costs, including attorneys fees, incurred in compelling the production of the list as well as actual damages suffered by reason of the refusal or failure to produce the list.
Restriction On Ownership and Transfer of Shares of Capital Stock
For us to qualify as a REIT, no more than 50% in value of the outstanding shares of our stock may be owned, directly or indirectly through the application of certain attribution rules under the Code by any five or fewer individuals, as defined in the Code to include specified entities, during the last half of any taxable year. In addition, the outstanding shares of our stock must be owned by 100 or more persons independent of us and each other during at least 335 days of a 12-month taxable year or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year. These ownership tests do not apply in our first taxable year for which we elect to be taxed as a REIT. In addition, we must meet requirements regarding the nature of our gross income to qualify as a REIT. One of these requirements is that at least 75% of our gross income for each calendar year must consist of specified types of income, such as rents from real property and certain income from other real property investments. The rents we receive from any tenant will not qualify as rents from real property, which could result in our loss of REIT status, if we own, actually or constructively within the meaning of certain provisions of the Code, 10% or more of the ownership interests in that tenant. To assist us in preserving our status as a REIT, among other purposes, our charter contains limitations on the ownership and transfer of shares of common stock which prohibit: (1) any person or entity from owning or acquiring, directly or indirectly, more than 9.8% of the value of our then outstanding capital stock or more than 9.8% of the value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our then outstanding common stock; and (2) any transfer of or other event or transaction with respect to shares of capital stock that would result in the beneficial ownership of our outstanding shares of capital stock by fewer than 100 persons. In addition, our charter prohibits any transfer of, or other event with respect to, shares of our capital stock that (1) would result in us being closely held within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code, (2) would cause us to own, actually or constructively, 9.8% or more of the ownership interests in a tenant of our real property or any of our direct or indirect subsidiaries or (3) would otherwise cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT.
Our charter provides that the shares of our capital stock that, if transferred, would: (1) result in a violation of the 9.8% ownership limit; (2) result in us being closely held within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code; (3) cause us to own 9.8% or more of the ownership interests in a tenant of our real property or the real property
129
of any of our direct or indirect subsidiaries; or (4) otherwise cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT, will be transferred automatically to a trust for the benefit of a charitable beneficiary effective as of the close of business on the business day before the purported transfer of such shares of our capital stock. We will designate a trustee of the share trust that will not be affiliated with us or the purported transferee or record holder. We will also name a charitable organization as beneficiary of the share trust. The trustee will receive all dividends or other distributions on the shares of our capital stock in the share trust and will hold such dividends or other distributions in trust for the benefit of the beneficiary. The trustee also will vote the shares of capital stock in the share trust and, subject to Maryland law, will have the authority (1) to rescind as void any vote cast by the intended transferee prior to our discovery that the shares have been transferred to the share trust and (2) to recast the vote in accordance with the desires of the trustee acting for the benefit of the charitable beneficiary. However, if we have already taken irreversible corporate action, then the trustee will not have the authority to rescind and recast the vote. The intended transferee will acquire no rights in such shares of capital stock, unless, in the case of a transfer that would cause a violation of the 9.8% ownership limit, the transfer is exempted by the board of directors from the ownership limit (prospectively or retroactively) based upon receipt of information (including certain representations and undertakings from the intended transferee) establishing that such transfer would not violate the provisions of the Code for our qualification as a REIT. In addition, our charter provides that any transfer of shares of our capital stock that would result in shares of our capital stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons will be null and void and the intended transferee will acquire no rights in such shares of our capital stock.
The trustee will transfer the shares of our capital stock to a person whose ownership of shares of our capital stock will not violate the ownership limits. The transfer will be within 20 days after the trustee receives notice from us that shares of our capital stock have been transferred to the share trust or the date we determine that a purported transfer of shares of stock has occurred. Upon any such transfer, the purported transferee or holder will receive the lesser of (1) the price paid by the purported transferee or holder for the shares or, if the purported transferee or holder did not give value for the shares in connection with the event causing the shares to be transferred to the share trust ( e.g. , a gift, devise or other similar transaction), the market price of the shares on the day of the event causing the shares to be transferred to the share trust and (2) the price received by the trustee from the sale or other disposition of the shares. The trustee may reduce the amount payable to the purported transferee or holder by the amount of dividends and other distributions which have been paid to the purported transferee or holder and are owed by the purported transferee or holder to the trustee. The charitable beneficiary will receive any excess amounts. If, prior to our discovery that shares of our capital stock have been transferred to the share trust, the shares are sold by the purported transferee or holder, then (1) the shares will be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the share trust and (2) to the extent that the purported transferee or holder received an amount for the shares that exceeds the amount such purported transferee or holder was entitled to receive, the excess must be paid to the trustee upon demand.
Any person who acquires shares of our capital stock in violation of the foregoing restrictions or who would have owned shares of our capital stock that were transferred to any such share trust is required to give written notice to us of such event promptly, and any person who proposes or attempts to transfer or receive shares of our capital stock subject to such limitations is required to give us 15 days prior written notice. In both cases, such persons must provide to us such other information as we may request to determine the effect, if any, of such event on our status as a REIT. The foregoing restrictions will continue to apply until the board of directors determines it is no longer in our best interest to continue to qualify as a REIT or that compliance is no longer required for REIT qualification.
The ownership limits do not apply to a person or persons that the board of directors exempts (prospectively or retroactively) from the ownership limit upon the receipt of certain representations and undertakings and other appropriate assurances that our qualification as a REIT is not jeopardized. Any person who owns more than 5% (or such lower percentage applicable under the regulations promulgated by the U.S. Treasury Department, or the Treasury Regulations) of the outstanding shares of our capital stock during any taxable year will be asked to deliver a statement or affidavit setting forth the number of shares of our capital stock beneficially owned.
130
Distributions
We intend to declare and pay distributions on a quarterly basis commencing in the first full quarter after the offering commencement date, subject to applicable law. In connection with a distribution to our stockholders, our board of directors will approve a quarterly distribution for each share of each class of our common stock. For purposes of calculating our NAV to account for any declared distributions, our advisor will accrue as our liability on the day after the record date (the distribution adjustment date) the amount of the declared distributions. Distributions will be payable only to stockholders of record at the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the distribution adjustment date. See Share Repurchase Plan.
Distributions will be made on all classes of our common stock at the same time. The per share amount of distributions on Class A shares, Class E shares and Class M shares will likely differ because of different allocations of class-specific expenses. We expect to use the record share method of determining the per share amount of distributions on each share class, although our board of directors may choose any other method that will not cause our distributions to be treated as preferential dividends under the Code. The record share method is one of several distribution calculation methods for multiple-class funds recommended, but not required, by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). Under this method, the amount to be distributed on our common stock will be increased by the sum of all class-specific expenses accrued for such period. Such amount will be divided by the number of share of our common stock outstanding at the close of business on the record date. Such per share amount will be reduced for each class of common stock by the per share amount of any class-specific expenses allocable to such class.
We are required to pay distributions sufficient to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. Generally, income distributed will not be taxable to us under the Code if we distribute at least 90% of our taxable income each year (computed without regard to the distributions paid deduction and our net capital gain). Distributions will be authorized at the discretion of our board of directors, in accordance with our earnings, cash flow and general financial condition. Our board of directors discretion will be directed, in substantial part, by its obligation to cause us to comply with the REIT requirements. Because we may receive income from interest or rents at various times during our fiscal year, distributions may not reflect our income earned in that particular distribution period and may be made in advance of actual receipt of funds in an attempt to pay distributions relatively uniform. We are authorized to borrow money, issue new securities or sell assets to pay distributions.
We are not prohibited from distributing our own securities in lieu of making cash distributions to stockholders, provided that the securities distributed to stockholders are readily marketable. The receipt of marketable securities in lieu of cash distributions may cause stockholders to incur transaction expenses in liquidating the securities. We do not have any current intention to list the shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange, nor is it expected that a public market for the shares of common stock will develop.
Generally, our policy will be to pay distributions from cash flow from operations. However, we may pay distributions from any other source, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings, the net proceeds from this offering, the net proceeds from the issuance of additional securities and the deferral of fees and expense reimbursements by our advisor in its sole discretion. If we fund distributions from financings or the net proceeds from this offering, we will have less funds available for investment in properties, real estate-related assets and other investments. In addition, in each previous year in which we paid distributions, our total distributions for the year exceeded our GAAP earnings due to the fact that GAAP earnings are reduced by non-cash charges for depreciation and amortization expenses and impairment of real estate. For the same reasons, we anticipate that we will pay distributions in excess of our earnings in the future. We will make certain payments to our advisor for services provided to us in connection with the selection, acquisition and management of our assets and certain administrative services, some of which are based on performance. Such payments, including advisory fees and expense reimbursements, will reduce the amount of cash available for distributions. Payments to fulfill
131
repurchase requests under our share repurchase plan will also reduce funds available for distribution to remaining stockholders. However, as described in greater detail under Share Repurchase Plan, our board of directors may modify or suspend our share repurchase plan if it deems such modification or suspension to be in the best interest of our stockholders, which may include the preservation of funds to pay distributions.
Distribution Reinvestment Plan
We have adopted a distribution reinvestment plan, whereby holders of Class A and Class M shares will be able to elect to have their cash distributions attributable to the class of shares owned automatically reinvested in additional shares of the same class. All such distributions will be immediately reinvested in our shares on behalf of the participants on the business day such distribution would have been paid to such stockholder.
The per share purchase price for shares purchased pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan will be equal to our NAV per share applicable to the class of shares purchased, calculated as of the distribution date. Stockholders will not pay selling commissions when purchasing shares pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan. Because the dealer manager fee is calculated based on our NAV, it will reduce the NAV with respect to all shares of each class of our common stock, including shares issued under the distribution reinvestment plan, except Class E shares. Similarly, the distribution fee will reduce the Class A NAV because it is calculated based on Class A NAV. The distribution fee is not payable with respect to Class M shares. Shares acquired under the distribution reinvestment plan will entitle the participant to the same rights and be treated in the same manner as shares of that class purchased in this offering.
We reserve the right to amend any aspect of our distribution reinvestment plan without the consent of our stockholders, provided that notice of any material amendment is sent to participants at least ten days prior to the effective date of that amendment. In addition, we may suspend or terminate the distribution reinvestment plan for any reason at any time upon ten days prior written notice to participants. A stockholders participation in the plan will be terminated to the extent that a reinvestment of such stockholders distributions in our shares would cause the percentage ownership or other limitations contained in our charter to be violated. Participants may terminate their participation in the distribution reinvestment plan with ten days prior written notice to us.
Holders of Class E shares are not eligible to participate in the distribution reinvestment plan until such shares have converted to Class M shares, which will occur automatically one year after the offering commencement date.
Account Statements
We will provide on a quarterly basis to each participant in the distribution reinvestment plan a statement of account describing, as to such participant: (1) the distributions reinvested during the quarter; (2) the number of shares purchased during the quarter; (3) the per share purchase price for such shares; and (4) the total number of shares purchased on behalf of the participant under the plan. On an annual basis, tax information with respect to income earned on shares under the plan for the calendar year will be provided to each applicable participant.
Tax Consequences of Participation
If a stockholder elects to participate in the distribution reinvestment plan, the stockholder will be treated as receiving, in lieu of the reinvested cash distribution, a distribution of additional shares of the same class of common stock on which the distribution is made. If the stockholder is subject to federal income taxation, the stockholder will be treated for federal income tax purposes as if he or she has received a dividend, to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, in an amount equal to the fair value on the relevant distribution date of the shares of the class of common stock purchased with the reinvested distributions, and will be taxed on the amount of such distribution as ordinary income to the extent such distribution is from current or accumulated earnings and profits, unless we have designated all or a portion of the distribution as a capital gain
132
dividend in which event the appropriate portion of the distribution will be treated as long-term capital gain to the extent the distribution does not exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits. See Federal Income Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of StockholdersTaxation of Taxable U.S. Stockholders and Federal Income Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of StockholdersTaxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders.
Business Combinations
Under the Maryland General Corporation Law, business combinations between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or the interested stockholders affiliate are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. For this purpose, the term business combinations includes mergers, consolidations, share exchanges or, in circumstances specified in the Maryland General Corporation Law, asset transfers and issuances or reclassifications of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined for this purpose as: (1) any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of the corporations outstanding voting stock; or (2) an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding stock of the corporation. A person is not an interested stockholder under the Maryland General Corporation Law if the board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which he otherwise would have become an interested stockholder. However, in approving the transaction, the board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the board of directors.
After the five-year prohibition, any business combination between the corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least: (1) 80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of voting stock of the corporation, voting together as a single voting group; and (2) two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation other than shares of stock held by the interested stockholder or its affiliate with whom the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder, voting together as a single voting group.
These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if the corporations common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under the Maryland General Corporation Law, for their shares of common stock in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares of common stock.
None of these provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law will apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by the board of directors of the corporation prior to the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. Pursuant to the business combination statute, our board of directors has exempted any business combination involving us and any person, provided that such business combination is first approved by a majority of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors. Consequently, the five-year prohibition and the super majority vote requirements will not apply to business combinations between us and any person. As a result, any person may be able to enter into business combinations with us that may not be in the best interest of our stockholders, without compliance with the super-majority vote requirements and other provisions of the statute.
Should our board of directors opt into the business combination statute or otherwise fail to first approve a business combination, it may discourage others from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer.
133
Control Share Acquisitions
The Maryland General Corporation Law provides that control shares of a Maryland corporation acquired in a control share acquisition have no voting rights except to the extent approved by a vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Shares of common stock owned by the acquiror, by officers or by employees who are directors of the corporation are not entitled to vote on the matter. Control shares are voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other shares of stock owned by the acquiror or with respect to which the acquiror has the right to vote or to direct the voting of, other than solely by virtue of revocable proxy, would entitle the acquiror to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting powers:
| |
one-tenth or more but less than one-third; |
| |
one-third or more but less than a majority; or |
| |
a majority or more of all voting power. |
Control shares do not include shares of stock the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval. Except as otherwise specified in the statute, a control share acquisition means the acquisition of issued and outstanding control shares. Once a person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition has undertaken to pay expenses and has satisfied other required conditions, the person may compel the board of directors to call a special meeting of stockholders to be held within 50 days of demand to consider the voting rights of the shares of stock. If no request for a meeting is made, the corporation may itself present the question at any stockholders meeting. If voting rights are not approved for the control shares at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement for the control shares as required by the statute, the corporation may redeem any or all of the control shares for their fair value, except for control shares for which voting rights have previously been approved. Fair value is to be determined for this purpose without regard to the absence of voting rights for the control shares, and is to be determined as of the date of the last control share acquisition or of any meeting of stockholders at which the voting rights for control shares are considered and not approved.
If voting rights for control shares are approved at a stockholders meeting and the acquiror becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares of stock entitled to vote, all other stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares of stock as determined for purposes of these appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid in the control share acquisition. Some of the limitations and restrictions otherwise applicable to the exercise of dissenters rights do not apply in the context of a control share acquisition.
The control share acquisition statute does not apply to shares of stock acquired in a merger or consolidation or share exchange if the corporation is a party to the transaction or to acquisitions approved or exempted by the charter or bylaws of the corporation. As permitted by the Maryland General Corporation Law, we have provided in our bylaws that the control share provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law will not apply to any acquisition by any person of shares of our stock, but the board of directors retains the discretion to change this provision at any time in the future.
Unsolicited Takeover Statutes
Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the Maryland General Corporation Law permits a Maryland corporation with a class of equity securities registered under the Exchange Act and at least three independent directors to elect to be subject, without a stockholder vote, by provision in its charter or bylaws or a resolution of its board of directors and notwithstanding any contrary provision in the charter or bylaws, to any or all of five provisions:
| |
a classified board; |
| |
requiring a two-thirds stockholder vote for removing a director; |
134
| |
requiring that the number of directors be fixed only by vote of the board of directors; |
| |
requiring that a vacancy on the board be filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred; and |
| |
a majority requirement for the calling of a special meeting of stockholders. |
Pursuant to Subtitle 8, we have elected to provide that vacancies on our board of directors be filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred. Through provisions in our charter and bylaws unrelated to Subtitle 8, we vest in the board the exclusive power to fix the number of directors.
Anti-Takeover Effect of Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our Charter and Bylaws
Our charter and bylaws and Maryland law contain provisions that may delay, defer or prevent a change of control or other transaction that might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders, including the power of our board to issue additional shares of our common stock, the restrictions on ownership and transfer of our shares, advance notice requirements for director nominations and stockholder proposals and the application of the Maryland business combination provisions. Likewise, if the provision in the bylaws opting out of the control share acquisition provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law were rescinded, these provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law could have similar anti-takeover effects. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our General Business Operations and Our Corporate StructureThe limits on the percentage of shares of our common stock that any person may own may discourage a takeover or business combination that could otherwise benefit our stockholders and Certain provisions of Maryland law could inhibit transactions or changes of control under circumstances that could otherwise provide stockholders with the opportunity to realize a premium.
Restrictions on Roll-Up Transactions
In accordance with our charter, in connection with any proposed transaction considered a roll-up transaction (as defined below) involving us and the issuance of securities of an entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction, an appraisal of all of our assets shall be obtained from a competent independent appraiser. If the appraisal will be included in a prospectus used to offer the securities of a roll-up entity, the appraisal shall be filed with the SEC and the states as an exhibit to the registration statement for the offering. The assets shall be appraised on a consistent basis, and the appraisal shall be based on the evaluation of all relevant information and shall indicate the value of the assets as of a date immediately prior to the announcement of the proposed roll-up transaction. The appraisal shall assume an orderly liquidation of the assets over a 12-month period. The terms of the engagement of the independent appraiser shall clearly state that the engagement is for our benefit and the benefit of our stockholders. A summary of the appraisal, indicating all material assumptions underlying the appraisal, shall be included in a report to stockholders in connection with any proposed roll-up transaction.
A roll-up transaction is a transaction involving the acquisition, merger, conversion or consolidation, directly or indirectly, of us and the issuance of securities of another entity, or a roll-up entity, that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of such transaction. The term roll-up transaction does not include:
| |
a transaction involving securities of the roll-up entity that have been for at least 12 months listed on a national securities exchange; or |
| |
a transaction involving our conversion to a corporate, trust, or association form if, as a consequence of the transaction, there will be no significant adverse change in any of the following: common stockholder voting rights; the term of our existence; compensation to our advisor; or our investment objectives. |
135
In connection with a proposed roll-up transaction, the person sponsoring the roll-up transaction must offer to common stockholders who vote no on the proposal the choice of:
| (1) | accepting the securities of a roll-up entity offered in the proposed roll-up transaction; or |
| (2) | one of the following: |
| (a) | remaining as holders of shares of our common stock and preserving their interests therein on the same terms and conditions as existed previously; or |
| (b) | receiving cash in an amount equal to the stockholders pro rata share of the appraised value of our net assets. |
We are prohibited from participating in any proposed roll-up transaction:
| |
that would result in the common stockholders having voting rights in a roll-up entity that are less than those provided in our charter, including rights with respect to the election and removal of directors, annual and special meetings, amendment of our charter and our dissolution; |
| |
that includes provisions that would operate to materially impede or frustrate the accumulation of shares by any purchaser of the securities of the roll-up entity, except to the minimum extent necessary to preserve the tax status of the roll-up entity, or which would limit the ability of an investor to exercise the voting rights of its securities of the roll-up entity on the basis of the number of shares held by that investor; |
| |
in which investors rights to access of records of the roll-up entity will be less than those provided in the section of this prospectus entitled Description of Capital StockMeetings, Special Voting Requirements and Access to Records; or |
| |
in which any of the costs of the roll-up transaction would be borne by us if the roll-up transaction is rejected by the common stockholders. |
Tender Offers
Our charter provides that any tender offer made by any person, including any mini-tender offer, must comply with the provisions of Regulation 14D of the Exchange Act, including the notice and disclosure requirements. Among other things, the offeror must provide us notice of such tender offer at least ten business days before initiating the tender offer. Any non-complying offeror will be responsible for all of our expenses in connection with that offerors noncompliance.
Advance Notice of Director Nominations and New Business
Our bylaws provide that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of individuals for election to the board of directors and the proposal of business to be considered by stockholders may be made only (1) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (2) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (3) by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record both at the time of giving the advance notice required by the bylaws and at the time of the meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated or on any such other business and who has complied with the advance notice procedures of the bylaws. With respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in our notice of the meeting may be brought before the meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to the board of directors at a special meeting may be made only (1) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (2) provided that the special meeting has been called in accordance with the bylaws for the purpose of electing directors, by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record both at the time of giving the advance notice required by the bylaws and at the time of the meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated and who has complied with the advance notice provisions of the bylaws.
136
STOCK OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
Ownership by Significant Holders and Management
The following table sets forth, as of the date of this prospectus, the beneficial ownership of our Class E common stock for each director and executive officer, all directors and executive officers as a group and any person or group that holds more than 5% of our common stock. No Class A or Class M shares or options were issued as of the date of this prospectus. Information with respect to beneficial ownership has been furnished by each of our directors and officers.
Beneficial ownership is determined under the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. The address for each of the persons listed in the table below is c/o Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc., 200 East Randolph Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60601.
|
Name of Beneficial Owner |
Number of Shares
Beneficially Owned |
Percent of
All Shares (1) |
||||||
|
Directors and Executive Officers: |
||||||||
|
Lynn C. Thurber |
0 | 0 | % | |||||
|
Thomas F. McDevitt |
0 | 0 | ||||||
|
Virginia G. Breen |
0 | 0 | ||||||
|
Jonathan B. Bulkeley |
0 | 0 | ||||||
|
Jacques N. Gordon |
0 | 0 | ||||||
|
Peter H. Schaff |
0 | 0 | ||||||
|
William E. Sullivan |
0 | 0 | ||||||
|
C. Allan Swaringen (2) |
435 | < 1 | ||||||
|
Gregory A. Falk |
0 | 0 | ||||||
|
Gordon G. Repp |
0 | 0 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
All directors and executive officers as a group |
435 | < 1 | % | |||||
|
5% Stockholders: |
||||||||
|
Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated |
988,687 | 21.5 | % | |||||
| (1) | The number of shares beneficially owned is not adjusted for the stock dividend which we will pay on or immediately prior to the offering commencement date. The stock dividend will have no effect on the percent of shares owned. |
| (2) | Owns Class E shares. |
Ownership by Our Sponsor and its Affiliates
As of the date of this prospectus, Jones Lang LaSalle and its affiliates own an aggregate of [ ] Class E shares for which they have contributed to us an aggregate of $60.2 million. These shares will convert to Class M shares one year after the offering commencement date. In consideration for the issuance of these shares, $10 million was contributed in connection with our initial capitalization, $200,000 was contributed in November 2011, and $50 million was contributed on August 8, 2012. Each of the foregoing purchases were made at a price equal to the most recently reported NAV per share as of the purchase date. If our new valuation guidelines described under Selected Financial Information Regarding Our OperationsHistorical NAV Per Share were used to calculate our NAV per share as of June 30, 2012 for the $50 million purchase on August 8, 2012 by LIC II Solstice Holdings, LLC, or LIC Solstice, the purchase price per share would have been $59.19, rather than $56.50, due to the impact of the change in treatment of our mortgage debt payable for purposes of calculating our NAV per share. Mortgage debt payable was historically measured at fair value, but under our valuation guidelines for this offering will be measured at the outstanding loan balance. The $50 million in shares purchased on August 8, 2012 will not be eligible for repurchase pursuant to our share repurchase plan for a period of five years after the date of purchase. LIC Solstice may, at its option, request pursuant to our share repurchase plan that we repurchase (i) up to three-fifths of its Class M shares beginning on or after August 8, 2017, the fifth anniversary of the purchase date, and (ii) up to an additional one-fifth of its Class M shares beginning on or after
137
August 8, 2019, the seventh anniversary of the purchase date, in each case at a price equal to the then-current NAV per Class M share on the repurchase date. For so long as we are externally managed and advised by our advisor or an affiliate of our sponsor, LIC Solstice has agreed that it or another affiliate of our sponsor will not, without the our prior written consent, submit any request for the repurchase of any Class M shares issued upon conversion of its Class E shares purchased on the purchase date or sell, transfer, pledge, assign or otherwise dispose of such shares to any person or entity, other than to a subsidiary, parent company or company under common control with LIC Solstice, to the extent that any such repurchase, sale, transfer, assignment or disposition would cause LIC Solstice to be the beneficial owner (as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) of less than 1/5 th of the Class M shares issued upon conversion of its Class E shares purchased on the purchase date. The other Class E shares held by affiliates of Jones Lang LaSalle will be eligible for repurchase pursuant to our share repurchase plan after they have converted to Class M shares and satisfied the applicable one-year holding period thereunder. Any shares held by affiliates of Jones Lang LaSalle are subject to certain voting restrictions and will not be included in determining the requisite percentage in interest of shares necessary to approve a matter regarding the removal of any of them or any transaction between them and us. See Conflicts of InterestCertain Conflict Resolution MeasuresVoting of Shares of Common Stock Owned by Affiliates.
In the event that LaSalle Investment Management, Inc. or its affiliate is terminated other than for cause as defined in the advisory agreement, Jones Lang LaSalle, LaSalle Investment Management, Inc. and any of its affiliates owning shares of our common stock, may require us to repurchase all or any portion of their shares at a price equal to NAV per share of the class to be repurchased as of the repurchase date. To the extent that our board of directors determines that we do not have sufficient cash on hand and other assets available that can be readily liquidated to pay the full price for any such repurchase in cash at the time of repurchase, we may issue an interest-bearing promissory note for the balance of the repurchase price.
138
FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following is a summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to our qualification and taxation as a REIT and the acquisition, holding and disposition of our common stock. For purposes of this section under the heading Federal Income Tax Considerations, references to the company, we, our and us mean only Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. and not its subsidiaries or other lower-tier entities, except as otherwise indicated. You are urged both to review the following discussion and to consult your tax advisor to determine the effect of ownership and disposition of our shares on your individual tax situation, including any state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences.
This summary is based upon the Code, the Treasury Regulations, current administrative interpretations and practices of the IRS (including administrative interpretations and practices expressed in private letter rulings which are binding on the IRS only with respect to the particular taxpayers who received those rulings) and judicial decisions, all as currently in effect, and all of which are subject to differing interpretations or to change, possibly with retroactive effect. No assurance can be given that the IRS would not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to any of the tax consequences described below. No advance ruling has been or will be sought from the IRS regarding any matter discussed in this summary.
This summary of certain federal income tax consequences applies to you if you acquire and hold our common stock as a capital asset (generally, property held for investment). This summary does not consider all of the rules which may affect the U.S. tax treatment of your investment in our common stock in light of your particular circumstances. For example, special rules not discussed here may apply to you if you are:
| |
a broker-dealer or a dealer in securities or currencies; |
| |
an S corporation; |
| |
a partnership or other pass-through entity; |
| |
a bank, thrift or other financial institution; |
| |
a regulated investment company or a REIT; |
| |
an insurance company; |
| |
a tax-exempt organization, except to the extent discussed under the heading Taxation of StockholdersTaxation of Tax-Exempt U.S. Stockholders; |
| |
subject to the alternative minimum tax provisions of the Code; |
| |
holding our common stock as part of a hedge, straddle, conversion, integrated or other risk reduction or constructive sale transaction; |
| |
holding our common stock through a partnership or other pass-through entity; |
| |
a non-U.S. corporation, non-U.S. trust, non-U.S. estate or an individual who is not a resident or citizen of the U.S. or is a U.S. expatriate, except to the extent discussed under the heading Taxation of StockholdersTaxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders; or |
| |
a U.S. person whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar. |
If a partnership, including any entity that is treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, holds our common stock, the federal income tax treatment of the partner in the partnership will generally depend on the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner in a partnership that will hold our common stock, you should consult your tax advisor regarding the federal income tax consequences of acquiring, holding and disposing of our common stock by the partnership.
This summary of certain material federal income tax considerations is for general information purposes only and is not tax advice. You are advised to consult your tax adviser regarding the federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock.
139
Taxation of the Company
We are organized and operate in a manner intended to allow us to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Code. We first elected REIT status for our taxable year that ended on December 31, 2004.
The law firm of Alston & Bird LLP has acted as our counsel in connection with the offering. We will receive an opinion from Alston & Bird LLP to the effect that, commencing with our taxable year that ended on December 31, 2004, we were organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code, and our proposed method of operations will enable us to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code. The opinion of Alston & Bird LLP is based on, and is expressly conditioned upon the accuracy of, various assumptions and on our representations to them concerning our organization, our proposed ownership and operations, and other matters relating to our ability to qualify as a REIT, which Alston & Bird LLP will not verify. The opinion of Alston & Bird LLP is based upon current law, which is subject to change either prospectively or retroactively. Changes in applicable law could modify the conclusions expressed in the opinion, and Alston & Bird LLP will have no obligation to advise us or the holders of our common stock of any subsequent change in the matters stated, represented or assumed, or of any subsequent change in the applicable law. You should be aware that opinions of counsel are not binding on the IRS, and no assurance can be given that the IRS will not challenge the conclusions set forth in such opinions or that a court would not sustain such a challenge.
Our qualification and taxation as a REIT will depend upon our ability to meet, on an ongoing basis, the various and complex REIT qualification tests imposed under the Code, the results of which will not be reviewed or verified by Alston & Bird LLP. See Requirements for QualificationGeneral below. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that we will in fact satisfy such requirements. While we believe that we have been organized and have operated so that we qualify as a REIT and our intended plan of operations going forward will allow us to continue such qualification, given the highly complex nature of the rules governing REITs, the ongoing importance of factual determinations, the possibility of future changes in our circumstances and circumstances not entirely within our control, no assurance can be given by Alston & Bird LLP or us that we will so qualify for any particular year.
Provided that we qualify as a REIT, we generally will be entitled to a deduction for dividends that we pay and therefore will not be subject to federal corporate income tax on our taxable income that is currently distributed to our stockholders. This treatment substantially eliminates the double taxation at the corporate and stockholder levels that generally results from investment in a corporation. Rather, income generated by a REIT and distributed to its stockholders generally is taxed only at the stockholder level.
Net operating losses, foreign tax credits and other tax attributes of a REIT generally do not pass through to the stockholders of the REIT, subject to special rules for certain items such as capital gains recognized by REITs. See Taxation of Stockholders below.
Even if we qualify as a REIT, we will nonetheless be subject to federal tax in the following circumstances:
| |
We will be taxed at regular corporate rates on any REIT taxable income, including undistributed net capital gains, that we do not distribute to stockholders during, or within a specified period after, the calendar year in which we recognized such income. |
| |
We may elect to retain and pay income tax on our net long-term capital gain. In that case, a stockholder would include its proportionate share of our undistributed long-term capital gain (to the extent we make a timely designation of such gain to the stockholder) in its income, would be deemed to have paid the tax that we paid on such gain, and would be allowed a credit for its proportionate share of the tax deemed to have been paid, and an adjustment would be made to increase the stockholders basis in our common stock. |
| |
We may be subject to the alternative minimum tax. |
140
| |
If we have net income from prohibited transactions, such income will be subject to a 100% tax. Prohibited transactions are, in general, sales or other dispositions of property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, rather than for investment, other than foreclosure property. See Prohibited Transactions and Foreclosure Property below. |
| |
If we have net income from the sale or disposition of foreclosure property, as described below, that is held primarily for sale in the ordinary course of business or other non-qualifying income from foreclosure property, we will be subject to corporate tax on such income at the highest applicable rate (currently 35%). |
| |
If we fail to satisfy the 75% gross income test or the 95% gross income test, as discussed below, but nonetheless maintain our qualification as a REIT because other requirements are met, we will be subject to a 100% tax on an amount equal to (1) the greater of (a) the amount by which we fail the 75% gross income test or (b) the amount by which we fail the 95% gross income test, as the case may be, multiplied by (2) a fraction intended to reflect our profitability. |
| |
If we fail to satisfy any of the REIT asset tests, as described below, other than certain de minimis failures, but our failure is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect and we nonetheless maintain our REIT qualification because of specified cure provisions, we will be required to pay a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or 35% of the net income generated by the nonqualifying assets during the period in which we failed to satisfy the asset tests. |
| |
If we fail to satisfy any other REIT qualification requirements (other than a gross income or asset test requirement) and that violation is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, we may retain our REIT qualification, but we will be required to pay a penalty of $50,000 for each such failure. |
| |
If we fail to distribute during each calendar year at least the sum of (1) 85% of our REIT ordinary income for such year, (2) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for such year and (3) any undistributed taxable income from prior periods, we will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the excess of such required distribution over the sum of (a) the amounts actually distributed (taking into account excess distributions from prior years), plus (b) retained amounts on which federal income tax is paid at the corporate level. |
| |
We may be required to pay monetary penalties to the IRS in certain circumstances, including if we fail to meet record-keeping requirements intended to monitor our compliance with rules relating to the composition of our stockholders, as described below in Requirements for QualificationGeneral. |
| |
A 100% tax may be imposed on some items of income and expense that are directly or constructively paid between us, our lessees or a taxable REIT subsidiary (as described below) if and to the extent that the IRS successfully adjusts the reported amounts of these items. |
| |
If we acquire appreciated assets from a C corporation (i.e., a corporation generally subject to corporate income tax) in a transaction in which the adjusted tax basis of the assets in our hands is determined by reference to the adjusted tax basis of the assets in the hands of the C corporation, we may be subject to tax on such appreciation at the highest corporate income tax rate then applicable if we subsequently recognize gain on a disposition of such assets during the ten-year period following their acquisition from the C corporation. The results described in this paragraph assume that the non-REIT corporation will not elect in lieu of this treatment to be subject to an immediate tax when the asset is acquired by us. |
| |
We may have subsidiaries or own interests in other lower-tier entities that are C corporations, such as taxable REIT subsidiaries, the earnings of which would be subject to federal corporate income tax. |
In addition, we and our subsidiaries may be subject to a variety of taxes other than federal income tax, including payroll taxes and state, local, and non-U.S. income, franchise, property and other taxes on assets and operations. We could also be subject to tax in situations and on transactions not presently contemplated.
141
Requirements for QualificationGeneral
The Code defines a REIT as a corporation, trust or association:
| (1) | that is managed by one or more trustees or directors; |
| (2) | the beneficial ownership of which is evidenced by transferable shares or by transferable certificates of beneficial interest; |
| (3) | that would be taxable as a domestic corporation but for the special Code provisions applicable to REITs; |
| (4) | that is neither a financial institution nor an insurance company subject to specific provisions of the Code; |
| (5) | the beneficial ownership of which is held by 100 or more persons; |
| (6) | in which, during the last half of each taxable year, not more than 50% in value of the outstanding shares is owned, directly or indirectly, by or for five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Code to include specified entities); |
| (7) | that meets other tests described below, including with respect to the nature of its income and assets and the amount of its distributions; |
| (8) | that makes an election to be a REIT for the current taxable year or has made such an election for a previous taxable year that has not been terminated or revoked; and |
| (9) | that uses the calendar year as its fiscal year. |
The Code provides that conditions (1) through (4) must be met during the entire taxable year and that condition (5) must be met during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year. Conditions (5) and (6) do not need to be satisfied for the first taxable year for which an election to become a REIT has been made. Our charter provides restrictions regarding the ownership and transfer of our shares which are intended, among other things, to assist us in satisfying the share ownership requirements described in conditions (5) and (6) above. For purposes of condition (6), an individual generally includes a supplemental unemployment compensation benefit plan, a private foundation, or a portion of a trust permanently set aside or used exclusively for charitable purposes.
To monitor compliance with the share ownership requirements, we are required to maintain records regarding the actual ownership of our shares. To do so, we must demand written statements each year from the record holders of certain percentages of our shares in which the record holders are to disclose the actual owners of the shares ( i.e. , the persons required to include in gross income the dividends paid by us). A list of those persons failing or refusing to comply with this demand must be maintained as part of our records. Failure by us to comply with these record-keeping requirements could subject us to monetary penalties. If we satisfy these requirements and have no reason to know that condition (6) is not satisfied, we will be deemed to have satisfied such condition. A stockholder that fails or refuses to comply with the demand is required by Treasury Regulations to submit a statement with its tax return disclosing the actual ownership of the shares and other information.
Our taxable year is the calendar year, satisfying condition (9).
Effect of Subsidiary Entities
Disregarded Subsidiaries. If a REIT owns a corporate subsidiary that is a qualified REIT subsidiary, that subsidiary is disregarded for federal income tax purposes, and all assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of the subsidiary are treated as assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of the REIT, including for purposes of the gross income and asset tests applicable to REITs as summarized
142
below. A qualified REIT subsidiary is any entity, other than a taxable REIT subsidiary (as described below), that is classified as a corporation for federal income tax purposes and is wholly owned by a REIT, directly or through one or more other disregarded subsidiaries. Single member limited liability companies are also generally disregarded for federal income tax purposes, including for purposes of the REIT gross income and asset tests. Disregarded subsidiaries, along with partnerships in which we hold an equity interest, are sometimes referred to herein as pass-through subsidiaries.
In the event that a disregarded subsidiary ceases to be wholly owned by us ( e.g. , if any equity interest in the subsidiary is acquired by a person other than us or another of our disregarded subsidiaries), the subsidiarys separate existence would no longer be disregarded for federal income tax purposes. Instead, it would have multiple owners and would be treated as either a partnership or a taxable corporation. Such an event could, depending on the circumstances, adversely affect our ability to satisfy the various asset and gross income tests applicable to REITs. See Asset Tests and Gross Income Tests below.
Taxable Subsidiaries. A REIT generally may jointly elect with a subsidiary corporation, whether or not wholly owned, to treat the subsidiary corporation as a taxable REIT subsidiary. If one of our taxable REIT subsidiaries owns, directly or indirectly, more than 35%, by voting power or value, of the outstanding securities, other than certain straight-debt securities, of another corporation, such other corporation will also be treated as our taxable REIT subsidiary. The separate existence of a taxable REIT subsidiary or other taxable corporation is not ignored for federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, such an entity would generally be subject to corporate federal, state, local and income and franchise tax on its earnings, which may reduce the cash flow available to us and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
A REIT is not treated as holding the assets of a taxable REIT subsidiary or other taxable subsidiary corporation or as receiving any income that the subsidiary earns. Rather, the stock issued by the subsidiary is an asset in the hands of the REIT, and the REIT recognizes as income the dividends, if any, that it receives from the subsidiary. Because we would not include the assets and income of a taxable REIT subsidiary in determining our compliance with the REIT income and asset tests, we may use taxable REIT subsidiaries to undertake indirectly activities that the REIT rules might otherwise preclude us from engaging in directly or through pass-through subsidiaries ( e.g. , activities that give rise to certain categories of income such as management fees).
Certain restrictions imposed on taxable REIT subsidiaries are intended to ensure that such entities will be subject to appropriate levels of federal income taxation. First, if a taxable REIT subsidiary has a debt to equity ratio as of the close of the taxable year exceeding 1.5 to 1, it may not deduct interest expense accrued in such year to an affiliated REIT to the extent that its net interest expense exceeds 50% of the taxable REIT subsidiarys adjusted taxable income for that year. Disallowed interest may be carried forward and deducted to the extent 50% of the REITs adjusted taxable income exceeds its net interest expense in a subsequent year. In addition, if amounts are paid to a REIT or deducted by a taxable REIT subsidiary due to transactions between a REIT, its lessees or a taxable REIT subsidiary, that exceed the amount that would be paid to or deducted by a party in an arms-length transaction, the REIT generally will be subject to a tax equal to 100% of such excess.
Rents we receive that include amounts for services furnished by a taxable REIT subsidiary to any of our lessees will not be subject to the 100% tax if such amounts qualify for the safe harbor provisions contained in the Code. Safe harbor provisions are provided where (1) amounts are excluded from the definition of impermissible tenant service income as a result of satisfying a 1% de minimis exception, (2) a taxable REIT subsidiary renders a significant amount of similar services to unrelated parties and the charges for such services are substantially comparable, (3) rents paid to us by lessees that are not receiving services from the taxable REIT subsidiary are substantially comparable to the rents paid by our lessees leasing comparable space that are receiving such services from the taxable REIT subsidiary and the charge for the services is separately stated or (4) the taxable REIT subsidiarys gross income from the service is not less than 150% of the taxable REIT subsidiarys direct cost of furnishing the service.
143
Ownership of Partnership Interests. In the case of a REIT that is a partner in a partnership, the REIT is deemed to own its proportionate share of the partnerships assets, and to earn its proportionate share of the partnerships income, for purposes of the asset and gross income tests applicable to REITs. In addition, the assets and gross income of the partnership are deemed to retain the same character in the hands of the REIT. Thus, our proportionate share of the assets and items of income of partnerships in which we own an equity interest are treated as our assets and items of income for purposes of applying the REIT requirements. Our proportionate share is generally determined, for these purposes, based upon our percentage interest in the partnerships equity capital; however, for purposes of the 10% value-based asset test described below, the percentage interest also takes into account certain debt securities issued by the partnership and held by us. Consequently, to the extent that we directly or indirectly hold a preferred or other equity interest in a partnership, the partnerships assets and operations may affect our ability to qualify as a REIT, even if we have no control, or only limited influence, over the partnership.
Gross Income Tests
In order to qualify as a REIT, we must satisfy two gross income tests each year. First, at least 75% of our gross income for each taxable year, excluding gross income from prohibited transactions, must be derived from investments relating to real property or mortgages on real property, including rents from real property, dividends received from other REITs, interest income derived from mortgage loans secured by real property (including certain types of mortgage-backed securities), and gains from the sale of real estate assets, as well as qualified temporary investment income, described below. Second, at least 95% of our gross income in each taxable year, excluding gross income from prohibited transactions, must be derived from sources of income that qualify under the 75% gross income test and other dividends, interest, gain from the sale or disposition of stock or securities, and certain other categories of income.
Rents will qualify as rents from real property in satisfying the gross income tests only if several conditions are met, including the following:
| |
The rent must not be based in whole or in part on the income or profits of any person. An amount will not be disqualified, however, solely by being based on a fixed percentage or percentages of receipts or sales or, if it is based on the net income or profits of a lessee which derives substantially all of its income with respect to such property from subleasing of substantially all of such property, to the extent that the rents paid by the sublessees would qualify as rents from real property, if earned directly by us. |
| |
If rent is partly attributable to personal property leased in connection with a lease of real property, the portion of the total rent that is attributable to the personal property will not qualify as rents from real property if it exceeds 15% of the total rent received under the lease. |
| |
For rents received to qualify as rents from real property, we generally must not operate or manage the property or furnish or render certain services to the lessees of such property, other than through an independent contractor, as defined in the Code, who is adequately compensated and from which we derive or receive no income or through a taxable REIT subsidiary. We are permitted, however, to perform services that are usually or customarily rendered in connection with the rental of space for occupancy only and are not otherwise considered rendered to the occupant of the property. In addition, we may directly or indirectly provide non-customary services to lessees of our properties without disqualifying all of the rents from the property if the gross income from such services does not exceed 1% of the total gross income from the property. In such a case, only the amounts for non-customary services are not treated as rents from real property, and the provision of the services does not disqualify all of the rents from treatment as rents from real property. For purposes of this test, the gross income received from such non-customary services is deemed to be at least 150% of the direct cost of providing the services. Moreover, we are permitted to provide services to lessees through a taxable REIT subsidiary without disqualifying the rental income received from lessees as rents from real property. |
144
| |
Rental income will not qualify as rents from real property if we directly or indirectly (through application of certain constructive ownership rules) own (1) in the case of any lessee which is a corporation, stock possessing 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote, or 10% or more of the total value of shares of all classes of stock, of such lessee or (2) in the case of any lessee which is not a corporation, an interest of 10% or more in the assets or net profits of such lessee. Rental payments from a taxable REIT subsidiary, however, will qualify as rents from real property even if we own more than 10% of the total value or combined voting power of the taxable REIT subsidiary if (1) at least 90% of the property is leased to unrelated lessees and the rent paid by the taxable REIT subsidiary is substantially comparable to the rent paid by the unrelated lessees for comparable space or (2) the property is a qualified lodging facility or a qualified health care facility and certain additional requirements are satisfied. |
Unless we determine that the resulting nonqualifying income under any of the following situations, taken together with all other nonqualifying income earned by us in the taxable year, will not jeopardize our status as a REIT, we do not intend to:
| |
charge rent for any property that is based in whole or in part on the income or profits of any person, except by reason of being based on a fixed percentage or percentages of receipts or sales, as described above; |
| |
rent any property to a related party lessee, including a taxable REIT subsidiary, unless the rent from the lease to the taxable REIT subsidiary would qualify for the special exception from the related party lessee rule applicable to certain leases with a taxable REIT subsidiary; |
| |
derive rental income attributable to personal property other than personal property leased in connection with the lease of real property, the amount of which is less than 15% of the total rent received under the lease; or |
| |
directly perform services considered to be noncustomary or rendered to the occupant of the property unless the amount we receive or accrue (directly or indirectly) for performing such services for any taxable year will not exceed 1% of all amounts we receive or accrue during such year with respect to the property. |
Distributions from our taxable REIT subsidiary or other corporations that are not REITs or qualified REIT subsidiaries will be classified as dividend income to the extent of the earnings and profits of the distributing corporation. Such dividends will generally constitute qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test but not for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Any dividends received by us from a REIT, however, will be qualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests.
Interest income constitutes qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% gross income test to the extent that the obligation is secured by a mortgage on real property. If we receive interest income with respect to a mortgage loan that is secured by both real property and other property, and the highest principal amount of the loan outstanding during a taxable year exceeds the fair value of the real property on the date that we acquired or originated the mortgage loan, the interest income will be apportioned between the real property and the other property, and our income from the loan will qualify for purposes of the 75% gross income test only to the extent that the interest is allocable to the real property. Even if a loan is not secured by real property or is undersecured, the income that it generates may nonetheless qualify for purposes of the 95% gross income test.
To the extent that the terms of a loan provide for contingent interest that is based on the cash proceeds realized upon the sale of the property securing the loan, or a shared appreciation provision, income attributable to the participation feature will be treated as gain from sale of the underlying property, which generally will be qualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests provided that the property is not inventory or dealer property in the hands of the borrower or the REIT.
145
To the extent that a REIT derives interest income from a mortgage loan or income from the rental of real property where all or a portion of the amount of interest or rental income payable is contingent, such income generally will qualify for purposes of the gross income tests only if it is based upon the gross receipts or sales, and not the net income or profits, of the borrower or lessee. This limitation does not apply, however, where the borrower or lessee leases substantially all of its interest in the property to tenants or subtenants, to the extent that the rental income derived by the borrower or lessee, as the case may be, would qualify as rents from real property had it been earned directly by a REIT.
We may hold mezzanine loans, which are loans secured by equity interests in an entity that directly or indirectly owns real property, rather than by a direct mortgage of the real property. IRS Revenue Procedure 2003-65 provides a safe harbor pursuant to which a mezzanine loan, if it meets each of the requirements contained in the Revenue Procedure, will be treated by the IRS as a real estate asset for purposes of the REIT asset tests described below, and interest derived from it will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Although the Revenue Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law. Our mezzanine loans might not meet all of the requirements for reliance on this safe harbor. We intend that any investments in mezzanine loans will be structured in a manner that will enable us to continue to satisfy the REIT gross income and asset tests.
We may hold certain participation interests, or B-Notes, in mortgage loans and mezzanine loans originated by other lenders. A B-Note is an interest created in an underlying loan by virtue of a participation or similar agreement, to which the originator of the loan is a party, along with one or more participants. The borrower on the underlying loan is typically not a party to the participation agreement. The performance of a participants investment depends upon the performance of the underlying loan, and if the underlying borrower defaults, the participant typically has no recourse against the originator of the loan. The originator often retains a senior position in the underlying loan, and grants junior participations, which will be a first loss position in the event of a default by the borrower. We may invest in participations in real estate loans that we believe qualify for purposes of the REIT asset tests described below, and that interest derived from such investments will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% gross income test. The appropriate treatment of participation interests for federal income tax purposes is not entirely certain, and no assurance can be given that the IRS will not challenge our treatment of participation interests.
We may acquire commercial mortgage backed securities, or CMBS, and expect that the CMBS will be treated either as interests in a grantor trust or as regular interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits, or REMICs, for U.S. federal income tax purposes and that all interest income, original issue discount and market discount from our CMBS will be qualifying income for the 95% gross income test. In the case of mortgage-backed securities treated as interests in grantor trusts, we would be treated as owning an undivided beneficial ownership interest in the mortgage loans held by the grantor trust. The interest, original issue discount and market discount on such mortgage loans would be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test to the extent that the obligation is secured by real property. In the case of CMBS treated as interests in a REMIC, income derived from REMIC interests will generally be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests. If less than 95% of the assets of the REMIC are real estate assets, however, then only a proportionate part of our interest in the REMIC and income derived from the interest will qualify for purposes of the 75% gross income test. In addition, some REMIC securitizations include embedded interest swap or cap contracts or other derivative instruments that potentially could produce non-qualifying income for the holder of the related REMIC securities.
We believe that substantially all of our income from our mortgage related securities generally will be qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross income tests. However, to the extent that we own non-REMIC collateralized mortgage obligations or other debt instruments secured by mortgage loans (rather than by real property), or secured by non-real estate assets, or debt securities that are not secured by mortgages on real property or interests in real property, the interest income received with respect to such securities generally will be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test, but not the 75% gross income test. In addition, the
146
loan amount of a mortgage loan that we own may exceed the value of the real property securing the loan. In that case, income from the loan will be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test, but the interest attributable to the amount of the loan that exceeds the value of the real property securing the loan will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test.
Any income or gain we derive from instruments that hedge certain risks, such as the risk of changes in interest rates with respect to debt incurred to acquire or carry real estate assets or certain foreign currency risks, will be disregarded for purposes of calculating the 75% or 95% gross income test, provided that specified requirements are met. Such requirements include the instrument is properly identified as a hedge, along with the risk that it hedges, within prescribed time periods.
Qualified temporary investment income is income that is attributable to temporary investments in stock and debt securities of new capital proceeds from stock issuances (other than pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan) and public debt offerings and that is received in the one-year period beginning on the date we receive new capital. We will attempt to track investments of new capital so as to be able to confirm the amount of our qualified temporary investment income.
If we fail to satisfy one or both of the 75% or 95% gross income tests for any taxable year, we may still qualify as a REIT for the year if we are entitled to relief under applicable provisions of the Code. These relief provisions will generally be available if our failure to meet these tests was due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect and, following the identification of such failure, we set forth a description of each item of our gross income that satisfies the gross income tests in a schedule for the taxable year filed in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Treasury. It is not possible to state whether we would be entitled to the benefit of these relief provisions in all circumstances. If these relief provisions are inapplicable, we will not qualify as a REIT. As discussed above under Taxation of REITs in General, even where these relief provisions apply, a tax would be imposed upon the profit attributable to the amount by which we fail to satisfy the particular gross income test.
Asset Tests
At the close of each calendar quarter we must also satisfy a series of tests relating to the nature of our assets:
| |
At least 75% of the value of our total assets must be represented by real estate assets, cash, cash items and U.S. government securities. For this purpose, real estate assets include interests in real property, such as land, buildings, leasehold interests in real property, stock of other REITs, certain kinds of mortgage-backed securities, and mortgage loans, and, under some circumstances, stock or debt instruments purchased with new capital. Assets that do not qualify for purposes of the 75% test are subject to the additional asset tests described below. |
| |
Not more than 25% of the value of our assets may be represented by securities that do not satisfy the 75% test. |
| |
The value of any one issuers securities owned by us may not exceed 5% of the value of our gross assets. |
| |
We may not own more than 10% of any one issuers outstanding securities, as measured by either voting power or value. |
| |
The aggregate value of all securities of taxable REIT subsidiaries held by us may not exceed 25% of the value of our gross assets. |
The 5% and 10% asset tests do not apply to securities of taxable REIT subsidiaries, qualified REIT subsidiaries or securities that are real estate assets for purposes of the 75% gross asset test described above. The 10% value test does not apply to certain straight debt and certain other excluded securities, including, but
147
not limited to, any loan to an individual or estate, any obligation to pay rents from real property, and any security issued by a REIT. In addition: (1) a REITs interest as a partner in a partnership is not considered a security for purposes of applying the 10% value test to securities issued by the partnership; (2) any debt instrument issued by a partnership (other than straight debt or another excluded security) will not be considered a security issued by the partnership if at least 75% of the partnerships gross income is derived from sources that would qualify for the 75% gross income test; and (3) any debt instrument issued by a partnership (other than straight debt or another excluded security) will not be considered a security issued by the partnership to the extent of the REITs interest as a partner in the partnership.
Certain securities will not cause a violation of the 10% value test described above. Such securities include instruments that constitute straight debt. A security does not qualify as straight debt where a REIT (or a controlled TRS of the REIT) owns other securities of the issuer of that security which do not qualify as straight debt, unless the value of those other securities constitute, in the aggregate, 1% or less of the total value of that issuers outstanding securities. In addition to straight debt, the following securities will not violate the 10% value test: (1) any loan made to an individual or an estate, (2) certain rental agreements in which one or more payments are to be made in subsequent years (other than agreements between a REIT and certain persons related to the REIT), (3) any obligation to pay rents from real property, (4) securities issued by governmental entities that are not dependent in whole or in part on the profits of (or payments made by) a non-governmental entity, (5) any security issued by another REIT, and (6) any debt instrument issued by a partnership if the partnerships income is such that the partnership would satisfy the 75% gross income test described above under Gross Income Tests. In applying the 10% value test, a debt security issued by a partnership is not taken into account to the extent, if any, of the REITs proportionate interest in that partnership.
Any interests we hold in a REMIC are generally treated as qualifying real estate assets, and income we derive from interests in REMICs is generally treated as qualifying income for purposes of the REIT income tests described above. If less than 95% of the assets of a REMIC are real estate assets, however, then only a proportionate part of our interest in the REMIC, and our income derived from the interest, qualifies for purposes of the REIT asset and income tests. We may acquire regular REMIC interests but do not intend to acquire residual interests.
We may hold certain mezzanine loans that do not qualify for the safe harbor in Revenue Procedure 2003-65 discussed above pursuant to which certain loans secured by a first priority security interest in equity interests in a pass-through entity that directly or indirectly own real property will be treated as qualifying assets for purposes of the 75% real estate asset test and therefore not be subject to the 10% vote or value test. In addition such mezzanine loans may not qualify as straight debt securities or for one of the other exclusions from the definition of securities for purposes of the 10% value test. We intend to make any such investments in such a manner as not to fail the asset tests described above, but there can be no assurance we will be successful in this regard.
We may hold certain participation interests, including B-Notes, in mortgage loans and mezzanine loans originated by other lenders. B-Notes are interests in underlying loans created by virtue of participations or similar agreements to which the originators of the loans are parties, along with one or more participants. The borrower on the underlying loan is typically not a party to the participation agreement. The performance of this investment depends upon the performance of the underlying loan and, if the underlying borrower defaults, the participant typically has no recourse against the originator of the loan. The originator often retains a senior position in the underlying loan and grants junior participations which absorb losses first in the event of a default by the borrower. We generally expect to treat our participation interests in mortgage loans and mezzanine loans that qualify for safe harbor under Revenue Procedure 2003-65 as qualifying real estate assets for purposes of the REIT asset tests and interest that we derive from such investments as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% gross income test discussed above. The appropriate treatment of participation interests for U.S. federal income tax purposes is not entirely certain, however, and no assurance can be given that the IRS will not challenge our treatment of our participation interests. In the event of a determination that such participation
148
interests do not qualify as real estate assets, or that the income that we derive from such participation interests does not qualify as mortgage interest for purposes of the REIT asset and income tests, we could be subject to a penalty tax, or could fail to qualify as a REIT.
After initially meeting the asset tests at the close of any quarter, we will not lose our qualification as a REIT for failure to satisfy the asset tests at the end of a later quarter solely by reason of changes in asset values. If we fail to satisfy the asset tests because we acquire securities during a quarter, we can cure this failure by disposing of the non-qualifying assets within 30 days after the close of that quarter. If we fail the 5% asset test or the 10% asset test at the end of any quarter, and such failure is not cured within 30-days thereafter, we may dispose of sufficient assets or otherwise satisfy the requirements of such asset tests within six months after the last day of the quarter in which our identification of the failure to satisfy those asset tests occurred to cure the violation, provided that the non-permitted assets do not exceed the lesser of 1% of the total value of our assets at the end of the relevant quarter or $10,000,000. If we fail any of the other asset tests, or our failure of the 5% and 10% asset tests is in excess of this amount, as long as the failure was due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect and, following our identification of the failure, we filed a schedule in accordance with the Treasury Regulations describing each asset that caused the failure, we are permitted to avoid disqualification as a REIT, after the 30 day cure period, by taking steps to satisfy the requirements of the applicable asset test within six months after the last day of the quarter in which our identification of the failure to satisfy the REIT asset test occurred, including the disposition of sufficient assets to meet the asset tests and paying a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or 35% of the net income generated by the nonqualifying assets during the period in which we failed to satisfy the relevant asset test.
We believe that our holdings of securities and other assets will comply with the foregoing REIT asset requirements, and we intend to monitor compliance with such tests on an ongoing basis. The values of some of our assets, however, may not be precisely valued, and values are subject to change in the future. Furthermore, the proper classification of an instrument as debt or equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes may be uncertain in some circumstances, which could affect the application of the REIT asset tests. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not contend that our assets do not meet the requirements of the REIT asset tests.
Annual Distribution Requirements
For each taxable year, we are required to distribute dividends, other than capital gain dividends, to our stockholders in an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 90% of our REIT taxable income (computed without regard to our deduction for dividends paid and our net capital gains) and (2) 90% of the net income, if any (after tax), from foreclosure property (as described below); minus , the sum of specified items of non-cash income that exceeds a percentage of our income.
In addition to distributions made in the taxable year to which they relate, certain distributions made in the following year are taken into account for these purposes. If dividends are declared in October, November or December of the taxable year, are payable to stockholders of record on a specified date in any such month, and are actually paid before the end of January of the following year, such dividends are treated as both paid by us and received by our stockholders on December 31 of the year in which they are declared. In addition, at our election, a dividend for a taxable year may be declared before we timely file our tax return for the year provided we pay such dividend with or before our first regular dividend payment after such declaration and such payment is made during the 12-month period following the close of such taxable year. These dividends are taxable to our stockholders in the year in which paid, even though the distributions relate to our prior taxable year for purposes of the 90% distribution requirement.
In certain circumstances, we may be able to rectify a failure to meet the distribution requirements for a year by paying deficiency dividends to stockholders in a later year, which may be included in our deduction for dividends paid for the earlier year. In this case, we may be able to avoid losing our REIT qualification or being taxed on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends. However, we will be required to pay interest and a penalty based on the amount of any deduction taken for deficiency dividends.
149
In order for distributions to be counted towards our distribution requirement and to provide a tax deduction to us, they must not be preferential dividends. A dividend is not a preferential dividend if it is pro rata among all outstanding shares within a particular class and is in accordance with the preferences among our different classes of shares as set forth in our organizational documents. A distribution of a preferential dividend may cause other distributions to be treated as preferential dividends, possibly preventing us from satisfying the distribution requirement for REIT qualification. We have obtained a private letter ruling from the IRS concluding that differences in the dividends distributed to holders of Class A shares, holders of Class E shares and holders of Class M shares will not cause such dividends to be preferential dividends.
To the extent that we distribute at least 90%, but less than 100%, of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to tax at ordinary corporate tax rates on the retained portion. In addition, we may elect to retain, rather than distribute, our net long-term capital gains and pay tax on such gains. In this case, we would elect to have our stockholders include their proportionate share of such undistributed long-term capital gains in their income and receive a corresponding credit for their proportionate share of the tax paid by us. Our stockholders would then increase their adjusted basis in our shares by the difference between the amount included in their long-term capital gains and the tax deemed paid with respect to their shares.
If we fail to distribute during each calendar year at least the sum of (1) 85% of our REIT ordinary income for such year, (2) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for such year and (3) any undistributed taxable income from prior periods, we will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the excess of such amount over the sum of (a) the amounts actually distributed (taking into account excess distributions from prior periods) and (b) the amounts of income retained on which we have paid corporate income tax. We intend to make timely distributions so that we are not subject to the 4% excise tax. If dividends are declared in October, November or December of the taxable year, are payable to stockholders of record on a specified date in any such month, and are actually paid before the end of January of the following year, such dividends are treated as both paid by us and received by our stockholders on December 31 of the year in which they are declared.
Under certain technical rules governing deficiency dividends, we could lose our ability to cure an under-distribution in a year with a subsequent year deficiency dividend if we pay preferential dividends, potentially including dividend equivalent redemptions. Accordingly, we intend to pay dividends pro rata within each class, to abide by the rights and preferences of each class of our shares if there is more than one, and to avoid dividend equivalent redemptions. (See Taxation of StockholdersTaxation of Taxable U.S. StockholdersRedemptions of Our Common Stock below for a discussion of when redemptions are dividend equivalent and measures we intend to take to avoid them.) Amounts distributed in redemptions will not count towards satisfying the 90% distribution requirement or avoiding the 4% excise tax.
It is possible that we, from time to time, may not have sufficient cash to meet the REIT distribution requirements because cash is needed to fund redemptions or due to timing differences between (1) the actual receipt of cash, including the receipt of distributions from our pass-through subsidiaries and (2) the inclusion of items in income by us for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Additional potential sources of non-cash taxable income include loans or mortgage-backed securities held by us as assets that are issued at a discount and require the accrual of taxable interest income in advance of our receipt in cash, loans on which the borrower is permitted to defer cash payments of interest and distressed loans on which we may be required to accrue taxable interest income even though the borrower is unable to make current interest payments in cash. In addition, we may not have sufficient funds to pay deficiency dividends in the event we were required to pay them to preserve our REIT status with respect to any taxable year. In the event that we do not have sufficient cash to satisfy our distribution requirements, it might be necessary to sell assets, arrange for short-term, or possibly long-term, borrowings, or to pay dividends in the form of taxable in-kind distributions of property, including potentially, our shares, in order to satisfy such requirements.
150
Failure to Qualify
In the event we violate a provision of the Code that would result in our failure to qualify as a REIT, specified relief provisions will be available to us to avoid such disqualification if (1) the violation is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, (2) we pay a penalty of $50,000 for each failure to satisfy the provision and (3) the violation does not include a violation under the gross income or asset tests described above (for which other specified relief provisions are available) or the failure to meet the minimum distribution requirements.
If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any taxable year, and the relief provisions of the Code do not apply, we will be subject to tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax, on our taxable income at regular corporate rates. Distributions to our stockholders in any year in which we are not a REIT will not be deductible by us, nor will they be required to be made. In this situation, to the extent of current and accumulated earnings and profits, and, subject to limitations of the Code, distributions to our stockholders through 2012 will generally be taxable to stockholders who are individual U.S. stockholders at a maximum rate of 15%, and dividends received by our corporate U.S. stockholders may be eligible for the dividends received deduction. Unless we are entitled to relief under specific statutory provisions, we will also be disqualified from re-electing to be taxed as a REIT for the four taxable years following a year during which qualification was lost. It is not possible to state whether, in all circumstances, we will be entitled to this statutory relief.
Prohibited Transactions
Net income derived from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% tax. The term prohibited transactions generally includes a sale or other disposition of property (other than foreclosure property) that is held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business. We intend to hold our properties for investment with a view to long-term appreciation, to engage in the business of owning and operating properties and to make sales of properties that are consistent with our investment objectives. Whether property is held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business, however, depends on the specific facts and circumstances. No assurance can be given that any particular property in which we hold a direct or indirect interest will not be treated as property held for sale to customers, or that certain safe-harbor provisions of the Code that prevent such treatment will apply. The 100% tax will not apply to gains from the sale of property held through a taxable REIT subsidiary, although the taxable REIT subsidiary will be subject to tax on such gains at regular corporate income tax rates.
Foreclosure Property
Foreclosure property is real property (including interests in real property) and any personal property incident to such real property (1) that is acquired by a REIT as a result of the REIT having bid in the property at foreclosure, or having otherwise reduced the property to ownership or possession by agreement or process of law, after there was a default (or default was imminent) on a lease of the property or a mortgage loan held by the REIT and secured by the property; (2) for which the related loan or lease was made, entered into or acquired by the REIT at a time when default was not imminent or anticipated; and (3) for which such REIT makes an election to treat the property as foreclosure property. REITs generally are subject to tax at the maximum corporate rate (currently 35%) on any net income from foreclosure property, including any gain from the disposition of the foreclosure property, other than income that would otherwise be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Any gain from the sale of property for which a foreclosure property election has been made will not be subject to the 100% tax on gains from prohibited transactions, even if the property is held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business.
Hedging Transactions
We may enter into hedging transactions with respect to one or more of our assets or liabilities. Hedging transactions could take a variety of forms, including interest rate swaps or cap agreements, options, futures
151
contracts, forward rate agreements or similar financial instruments. Any income from a hedging transaction to manage risk of interest rate or price changes or currency fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be made, or ordinary obligations incurred or to be incurred, by us to acquire or own real estate assets, which is clearly identified as such before the close of the day on which it was acquired, originated or entered into, including gain from the disposition of such a transaction, will be disregarded for purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests. There are also rules for disregarding income for purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests with respect to hedges of certain foreign currency risks. To the extent we enter into other types of hedging transactions, the income from those transactions is likely to be treated as non-qualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests. We intend to structure any hedging transactions in a manner that does not jeopardize our ability to qualify as a REIT.
Sale-Leaseback Transactions
We may enter into sale-leaseback transactions. It is possible that the IRS could take the position that specific sale-leaseback transactions we treat as true leases are not true leases for federal income tax purposes but are, instead, financing arrangements or loans. Successful recharacterization of a sale-leaseback transaction as a financing arrangement or loan could jeopardize our REIT status.
Non-U.S. Investments
To the extent that we hold or acquire any investments and, accordingly, pay taxes in other countries, taxes paid by us in non-U.S. jurisdictions may not be passed through to, or used by, our stockholders as a foreign tax credit or otherwise. In addition, certain passive income earned by a non-U.S. taxable REIT subsidiary must be taken in account by us currently (whether or not distributed by the taxable REIT subsidiary) and may not be qualifying income under the 75% and 95% gross income tests.
Taxation of Stockholders
Taxation of Taxable U.S. Stockholders
This section summarizes the taxation of U.S. stockholders that are not tax-exempt organizations. For these purposes, a U.S. stockholder is a beneficial owner of our common stock that for federal income tax purposes is:
| |
a citizen or resident of the U.S.; |
| |
a corporation (including an entity treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the U.S. or of a political subdivision thereof (including the District of Columbia); |
| |
an estate, the income of which is subject to federal income taxation regardless of its source; or |
| |
any trust if (1) a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) it has a valid election in place to be treated as a U.S. person. |
If an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes holds our shares, the federal income tax treatment of a partner generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A partner of a partnership holding our common stock should consult its tax advisor regarding the federal income tax consequences to the partner of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our shares by the partnership.
Under the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, amending the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, high-income U.S. individuals, estates, and trusts will be subject to an additional 3.8% tax on net investment income in tax years beginning after December 31, 2012. For these purposes, net investment
152
income includes dividends and gains from sales of stock. In the case of an individual, the tax will be 3.8% of the lesser of the individuals net investment income or the excess of the individuals modified adjusted gross income over an amount equal to (1) $250,000 in the case of a married individual filing a joint return or a surviving spouse, (2) $125,000 in the case of a married individual filing a separate return, or (3) $200,000 in the case of a single individual.
On December 17, 2010, President Obama signed into law the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010. The law extended for two years, through 2012, the 2001 and 2003 tax rate cuts for individuals (and entities taxed at individual rates), including the maximum ordinary income rate of 35% and the 15% maximum rate for long-term capital gains and qualified dividends. As noted below, REIT dividends generally are not treated as qualified dividends.
Distributions. Provided that we continue to qualify as a REIT, distributions made to our taxable U.S. stockholders out of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, and not designated as capital gain dividends, will generally be taken into account by them as ordinary dividend income and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporations. Dividends received from REITs are generally not eligible to be taxed at the preferential qualified dividend income rates applicable to most non-corporate U.S. stockholders.
For tax years through 2012, U.S. stockholders (as defined below) who are individuals are generally taxed on corporate dividends at a maximum rate of 15% (the same as long-term capital gains). With limited exceptions, however, dividends received by individual U.S. stockholders from us or from other entities that are taxed as REITs will continue to be taxed at rates applicable to ordinary income, which will be as high as 35% through 2012.
Distributions from us that are designated as capital gain dividends will be taxed to U.S. stockholders as long-term capital gains to the extent that they do not exceed our actual net capital gains for the taxable year, without regard to the period for which the U.S. stockholder has held its shares. To the extent that we elect under the applicable provisions of the Code to retain our net capital gains, U.S. stockholders will be treated as having received, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, our undistributed capital gains as well as a corresponding credit for taxes paid by us on such retained capital gains. U.S. stockholders will increase their adjusted tax basis in our common stock by the difference between their allocable share of such retained capital gain and their share of the tax paid by us. Corporate U.S. stockholders may be required to treat up to 20% of some capital gain dividends as ordinary income. Long-term capital gains are generally taxable at maximum federal rates of 15% (through 2012) in the case of non-corporate U.S. stockholders who are individuals, and 35% for corporations. Capital gains attributable to the sale of depreciable real property held for more than 12 months are subject to a 25% maximum federal income tax rate to the extent of previously claimed depreciation deductions for U.S. stockholders who are individuals.
Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will not be taxable to a U.S. stockholder to the extent that they do not exceed the adjusted tax basis of the U.S. stockholders shares in respect of which the distributions were made, but rather will reduce the adjusted tax basis of those shares. To the extent that such distributions exceed the adjusted tax basis of a U.S. stockholders shares, they will be included in income as long-term capital gain, or short-term capital gain if the shares have been held for one year or less. Any dividend declared by us in October, November or December of any year and payable to a U.S. stockholder of record on a specified date in any such month will be treated as both paid by us and received by the U.S. stockholder on December 31 of such year, provided that the dividend is actually paid by us before the end of January of the following calendar year.
153
We may elect to designate a portion of our distributions as qualified dividend income. A portion of a distribution that is properly designated as qualified dividend income is taxable to non-corporate U.S. stockholders as net capital gain through 2012, provided that the U.S. stockholder has held the common stock with respect to which the distribution is made for more than 60 days during the 121 day period beginning on the date that is 60 days before the date on which such common stock became ex-dividend with respect to the relevant distribution. The maximum amount of our distributions eligible to be designated as qualified dividend income for a taxable year is equal to the sum of:
| (1) | the qualified dividend income received by us during such taxable year from C corporations (including any taxable REIT subsidiary); |
| (2) | the excess of any undistributed REIT taxable income recognized during the immediately preceding year over the federal income tax paid by us with respect to such undistributed REIT taxable income; and |
| (3) | the excess of any income recognized during the immediately preceding year attributable to the sale of a built-in-gain asset that was acquired in a carry-over basis transaction from a C corporation over the federal income tax paid by us with respect to such built-in gain. |
To the extent that we have available net operating losses and capital losses carried forward from prior tax years, such losses may reduce the amount of distributions that must be made in order to comply with the REIT distribution requirements. See Taxation of the CompanyAnnual Distribution Requirements above. Such losses, however, are not passed through to U.S. stockholders and do not offset income of U.S. stockholders from other sources, nor do they affect the character of any distributions that are actually made by us, which are generally subject to tax in the hands of U.S. stockholders to the extent that we have current or accumulated earnings and profits.
Dispositions of Our Common Stock. In general, a U.S. stockholder will realize gain or loss upon the sale or other taxable disposition of our common stock in an amount equal to the difference between the sum of the fair value of any property and the amount of cash received in such disposition and the U.S. stockholders adjusted tax basis in the common stock at the time of the disposition. A U.S. stockholders adjusted tax basis generally will equal the U.S. stockholders acquisition cost, increased by the excess of net capital gains deemed distributed to the U.S. stockholder (discussed above) less tax deemed paid on it and reduced by returns of capital. In general, capital gains recognized by individuals and other non-corporate U.S. stockholders upon the sale or disposition of our common stock will be subject to a maximum federal income tax rate of 15% for taxable years through 2012, if shares of our common stock are held for more than 12 months, and will be taxed at ordinary income rates (of up to 35% through 2012) if shares of our common stock are held for 12 months or less. Gains recognized by U.S. stockholders that are corporations are subject to U.S. federal income tax at a maximum rate of 35%, whether or not classified as long-term capital gains. The IRS has the authority to prescribe, but has not yet prescribed, regulations that would apply a higher capital gain tax rate of 25% to a portion of capital gain realized by a non-corporate holder on the sale of REIT shares that would correspond to the REITs unrecaptured Section 1250 gain. Capital losses recognized by a U.S. stockholder upon the disposition of shares of our common stock held for more than one year at the time of disposition will be considered long-term capital losses, and are generally available only to offset capital gain income of the U.S. stockholder (except in the case of individuals, who may offset up to $3,000 of ordinary income each year). In addition, any loss upon a sale or exchange of our common stock by a U.S. stockholder who has held the shares for six months or less, after applying certain holding period rules, will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of distributions received from us that were long-term capital gain.
If a U.S. stockholder recognizes a loss upon a subsequent disposition of our common stock in an amount that exceeds a prescribed threshold, it is possible that the provisions of recently adopted Treasury Regulations involving reportable transactions could apply, with a resulting requirement to separately disclose the loss generating transactions to the IRS. While these regulations are directed towards tax shelters, they are written
154
quite broadly and apply to transactions that would not typically be considered tax shelters. Significant penalties apply for failure to comply with these requirements. You should consult your tax advisor concerning any possible disclosure obligation with respect to the receipt or disposition of our common stock or transactions that might be undertaken directly or indirectly by us. Moreover, you should be aware that we and other participants in transactions involving us (including our advisor) might be subject to disclosure or other requirements pursuant to these regulations.
Repurchases of Our Common Stock. A repurchase of our common stock will be treated as a distribution in exchange for the repurchased shares and taxed in the same manner as other taxable share sales discussed above, provided that the repurchase satisfies one of the tests enabling the repurchase to be treated as a sale or exchange. A repurchase will be treated as a sale or exchange if it (1) is substantially disproportionate with respect to a stockholder, (2) results in a complete termination of a stockholders interest in our shares or (3) is not essentially equivalent to a dividend with respect to a stockholder, all within the meaning of applicable provisions of the Code. In determining whether any of these tests have been met, shares considered to be owned by a stockholder by reason of certain constructive ownership rules, as well as shares actually owned, must generally be taken into account.
A repurchase that does not qualify as an exchange under such tests will constitute a dividend equivalent repurchase that is treated as a taxable distribution and taxed in the same manner as regular distributions ( i.e. , ordinary dividend income to the extent paid out of earnings and profits unless properly designated as a capital gain dividend). In addition, although guidance is sparse, the IRS could take the position that a stockholder who does not participate in any repurchase treated as a dividend should be treated as receiving a constructive share distribution taxable as a dividend in the amount of their increased percentage ownership of our shares as a result of the repurchase, even though the stockholder did not actually receive cash or other property as a result of the repurchase.
To avoid certain issues related to our ability to comply with the REIT distribution requirements and utilize the deficiency dividend procedure (see Taxation of the CompanyAnnual Distribution Requirements above), we have implemented procedures designed to track our stockholders percentage interests in our common stock in order to identify any such dividend equivalent repurchases and will decline to effect a repurchase to the extent that we believe that it would constitute a dividend equivalent repurchase. We cannot assure you, however, that we will be successful in preventing all dividend equivalent repurchases.
Passive Activity Losses and Investment Interest Limitations. Distributions made by us and gain arising from the sale, redemption or exchange by a U.S. stockholder of shares of our common stock will not be treated as passive activity income. As a result, U.S. stockholders will not be able to apply any passive losses against income or gain relating to shares of our common stock. Distributions made by us, to the extent they do not constitute a return of capital, generally will be treated as investment income for purposes of computing the investment interest limitation. A U.S. stockholder that elects to treat capital gain dividends, capital gains from the disposition of shares or qualified dividend income as investment income for purposes of the investment interest limitation will be taxed at ordinary income rates on such amounts.
Taxation of Tax-Exempt U.S. Stockholders
U.S. tax-exempt entities, including qualified employee pension and profit sharing trusts and individual retirement accounts, generally are exempt from U.S. federal income taxation. They are subject to taxation, however, on their unrelated business taxable income, or UBTI. Provided that (1) a tax-exempt U.S. stockholder has not held shares of our common stock as debt financed property within the meaning of the Code ( i.e. , where the acquisition or ownership of shares is financed through a borrowing by the tax-exempt stockholder) and (2) our common stock is not otherwise used in an unrelated trade or business, distributions from us and income from the sale or redemption of shares of our common stock generally should not give rise to UBTI to a tax-exempt U.S. stockholder.
155
Tax-exempt U.S. stockholders that are social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts and qualified group legal services plans exempt from federal income taxation under sections 501(c)(7), (c)(9), (c)(17) and (c)(20) of the Code, respectively, are subject to different UBTI rules, which generally will require them to characterize distributions from us as UBTI.
In certain circumstances, a pension trust that (1) is described in Section 401(a) of the Code, (2) is tax-exempt under section 501(a) of the Code and (3) owns more than 10% of the value of our shares could be required to treat a percentage of the dividends from us as UBTI if we are a pension-held REIT. We will not be a pension-held REIT unless (1) either (a) one pension trust owns more than 25% of the value of our shares or (b) a group of pension trusts, each individually holding more than 10% of the value of our shares, collectively owns more than 50% of the value of such shares and (2) we would not have qualified as a REIT but for the fact that Section 856(h)(3) of the Code provides that REIT shares owned by such trusts will not be treated as individuals for purposes of the requirement that not more than 50% of the value of the outstanding shares of a REIT is owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Code to include certain entities). Certain restrictions on ownership and transfer of our shares should generally prevent a tax-exempt entity from owning more than 10% of the value of our shares and prevent us from becoming a pension-held REIT unless we were to waive such restrictions for one or more Section 401(a) pension trusts.
Taxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders
The following is a summary of certain federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our common stock applicable to non-U.S. stockholders. For purposes of this summary, a non-U.S. stockholder is a beneficial owner of our common stock that is not a U.S. stockholder or an entity that is classified as a partnership for federal tax purposes. The discussion is based on current law and is for general information only. It addresses only selective and not all aspects of federal income taxation.
Ordinary Dividends. The portion of dividends received by non-U.S. stockholders payable out of our earnings and profits that are not attributable to gains from sales or exchanges of U.S. real property interests and which are not effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. stockholder generally will be treated as ordinary income and will be subject to withholding tax at the rate of 30%, unless reduced or eliminated by an applicable income tax treaty.
In cases where the dividend income from a non-U.S. stockholders investment in our common stock is, or is treated as, effectively connected with the non-U.S. stockholders conduct of a U.S. trade or business, the non-U.S. stockholder generally will be subject to federal income tax at graduated rates, in the same manner as U.S. stockholders are taxed with respect to such dividends, and may also be subject to the 30% branch profits tax (or a lower rate of tax under the applicable income tax treaty) on the income after the application of the income tax in the case of a non-U.S. stockholder that is a corporation. The balance of this discussion assumes that dividends that we distribute to non-U.S. stockholders and gains non-U.S. stockholders recognize with respect to our shares are not effectively connected with the non-U.S. stockholders conduct of a U.S. trade or business unless deemed to be effectively connected under the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980, or FIRPTA, rules described above under Dispositions and Repurchases of Our Common Stock.
Non-Dividend Distributions. Distributions by us to non-U.S. stockholders which are not attributable to gains from sales or exchanges of U.S. real property interests and which exceed our earnings and profits will be a non-taxable return of the non-U.S. stockholders basis in its shares and, to the extent in excess of the non-U.S. stockholders basis, gain from the disposition of such shares, the tax treatment of which is described below. We are required to withhold tax at a 10% rate from distributions to non-U.S. stockholders that are not out of our earnings and profits. If we cannot determine at the time a distribution is made whether or not the distribution will exceed current and accumulated earnings and profits, we will withhold at the rate applicable to dividends. A non-U.S. stockholder, however, may seek a refund from the IRS of any amounts withheld that exceed the non-U.S. stockholders substantive federal income tax liability.
156
Capital Gain Dividends. Under FIRPTA, a distribution made by us to a non-U.S. stockholder, to the extent attributable to gains from dispositions of U.S. real property interests held by us directly or through pass-through subsidiaries, must be reported in U.S. federal income tax returns filed by, and are treated as effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of, the non-U.S. stockholder. Such gains are subject to federal income tax at the rates applicable to U.S. stockholders and, in the case of a non-U.S. corporate stockholder a 30% branch profits tax (or a lower rate of tax under the applicable income tax treaty). We are required to withhold tax at a 35% rate from distributions that are attributable to gains from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property interests. Treasury Regulations generally treat capital gain dividends as distributions that are attributable to gains from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property interests. The Treasury Regulations recognize that REITs generally make their capital gain dividend designations after the distributions have been made and, accordingly, apply the withholding obligation on a catch-up basis.
If any class of our shares were to become regularly traded on an established securities market located in the U.S., capital gain dividends distributed to a non-U.S. stockholder who did not own more than 5% of such class of shares at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of the distribution would be recharacterized as ordinary dividends subject to the rules discussed above under Ordinary Dividends. Non-U.S. stockholders should be aware that we do not expect our common stock to be regularly traded on an established securities market at any time.
Capital gain dividends that are not attributable to sales or exchanges of U.S. real property interests ( e.g. , that are attributable to sales of mortgages, other than shared appreciation mortgage loans), generally are not subject to federal income or withholding tax. Such capital gain dividends would be subject to a 30% tax in the case of nonresident alien individual who was present in the U.S. for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a tax home in the U.S.
Dispositions and Repurchases of Our Common Stock. Unless shares of our common stock constitute a U.S. real property interest or the distribution is attributable to gain from our sale of a U.S. real property interest (as discussed below), a sale of the shares or a redemption of the shares that is treated as a sale or exchange by a non-U.S. stockholder generally will not be subject to federal income taxation under FIRPTA. A redemption that is not treated as an exchange will be taxed in the same manner as regular distributions under the rules described above. See Taxation of U.S. StockholdersTaxation of Taxable U.S. StockholdersRedemption of Our Common Stock for a discussion of when a redemption will be treated as a sale or exchange and related matters.
Our common stock will not constitute a U.S. real property interest if we are a domestically controlled qualified investment entity. A domestically controlled qualified investment entity includes a REIT in which, at all times during a specified testing period, less than 50% in value of its outstanding shares are held directly or indirectly by non-U.S. stockholders. We believe we will be a domestically controlled qualified investment entity and, therefore, the sale of our common stock should not be subject to taxation under FIRPTA. Because our shares may be purchased or redeemed daily, however, no assurance can be given that we will be, or that if we are will remain, a domestically controlled qualified investment entity.
In the event that we do not constitute a domestically controlled qualified investment entity, a non-U.S. stockholders sale of our common stock nonetheless will generally not be subject to tax under FIRPTA as a sale of a U.S. real property interest, provided that (1) shares of our common stock are regularly traded, as defined by applicable Treasury Regulations, on an established securities market and (2) the selling non-U.S. stockholder owned, actually or constructively, 5% or less of our outstanding common stock at all times during a specified testing period. As previously noted, however, we do not expect any of our shares to be regularly traded on an established securities market.
In addition, even if we are a domestically controlled qualified investment entity, upon disposition of our shares, a non-U.S. stockholder may be treated as having gain from the sale or exchange of a U.S. real property interest if the non-U.S. stockholder (1) disposes of an interest in our shares during the 30-day period preceding
157
the ex-dividend date of a distribution, any portion of which, but for the disposition, would have been treated as gain from sale or exchange of a U.S. real property interest and (2) acquires, enters into a contract or option to acquire, or is deemed to acquire, other shares of our shares within 30 days after such ex-dividend date. The foregoing rules do not apply to a transaction if the 5% regularly traded test described above is satisfied with respect to the non-U.S. stockholder. As previously noted, however, we do not expect shares of our common stock to be regularly traded on an established securities market at any time and, therefore, we do not expect the exception for non-U.S. stockholders that satisfy the 5% regularly traded test to apply.
A repurchase of shares generally will be taxable under FIRPTA to the extent the distribution in the repurchase of the shares is attributable to gains from our dispositions of U.S. real property interests. To the extent the distribution is not attributable to gains from our dispositions of U.S. real property interests, the excess of the amount of money received in the repurchase over the non-U.S. stockholders basis in the repurchased shares will be taxable if we are not a domestically controlled REIT. The IRS has recently confirmed that repurchase payments may be attributable to gains from dispositions of U.S. real property interests (except when the 5% publicly traded exception would apply), but has not provided any guidance to determine when and what portion of a repurchase payment is a distribution that is attributable to gains from our dispositions of U.S. real property interests. Due to the uncertainty, we may withhold at the 35% rate from all or a portion of repurchase payments to non-U.S. stockholders. To the extent the amount of tax we withhold exceeds the amount of a non-U.S. stockholders U.S. federal income tax liability, the non-U.S. stockholder may file a U.S. federal income tax return and claim a refund.
If gain on the sale of shares of our common stock were subject to taxation under FIRPTA, the non-U.S. stockholder would be subject to the same treatment as a U.S. stockholder with respect to such gain, subject to applicable alternative minimum tax and a special alternative minimum tax in the case of nonresident alien individuals, and the purchaser of the shares could be required to withhold 10% of the purchase price and remit such amount to the IRS.
Gain from the sale of shares of our common stock that would not otherwise be subject to FIRPTA will nonetheless be taxable in the U.S. to a non-U.S. stockholder if the non-U.S. stockholder is a nonresident alien individual who was present in the U.S. for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a tax home in the U.S., the nonresident alien individual will be subject to a 30% tax on the individuals capital gain.
Recent Changes in U.S. Federal Income Tax Withholding
U.S. federal income tax legislation imposes withholding taxes on certain types of U.S.-source payments made after December 31, 2013 to foreign financial institutions and certain other non-U.S. entities and on certain non-U.S.-source passthru payments made, and payments of disposition proceeds of U.S. securities realized, after December 13, 2014. The withholding tax of 30% would apply to dividends and the gross proceeds of a disposition of our stock paid to certain foreign entities unless various information reporting requirements are satisfied. For these purposes, a foreign financial institution generally is defined as any non-U.S. entity that (i) accepts deposits in the ordinary course of a banking or similar business, (ii) is engaged in the business of holding financial assets for the account of others, or (iii) is engaged or holds itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities, partnership interest, commodities, or any interest in such assets. Prospective investors are encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding the implications of this legislation on their investment in our stock, as well as the status of any related federal regulations.
Estate Tax
If our shares are owned or treated as owned by an individual who is not a U.S. citizen or resident (as specially defined for federal estate tax purposes) at the time of the individuals death, the shares will be includible in the individuals gross estate for federal estate tax purposes and may be subject to federal estate tax, unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise.
158
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
We will report to our U.S. stockholders and the IRS the amount of dividends paid during each calendar year and the amount of any tax withheld. Under the backup withholding rules, a U.S. stockholder may be subject to backup withholding at the current rate of 28% with respect to dividends paid unless the stockholder is (1) a corporation or comes within other exempt categories and, when required, demonstrates this fact or (2) provides a taxpayer identification number or social security number, certifies under penalties of perjury that such number is correct and that such holder is not subject to backup withholding and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. A U.S. stockholder that does not provide a correct taxpayer identification number or social security number may also be subject to penalties imposed by the IRS. In addition, we may be required to withhold a portion of capital gain distribution to any U.S. stockholder who fails to certify its non-foreign status.
We must report annually to the IRS and to each non-U.S. stockholder the amount of dividends paid to such holder and the tax withheld with respect to such dividends, regardless of whether withholding was required. Copies of the information returns reporting such dividends and withholding may also be made available to the tax authorities in the country in which the non-U.S. stockholder resides under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty. A non-U.S. stockholder may be subject to back-up withholding unless applicable certification requirements are met.
Payment of the proceeds of a sale of shares of our common stock within the U.S. is subject to both backup withholding and information reporting unless the beneficial owner certifies under penalties of perjury that it is a non-U.S. stockholder (and the payor does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the beneficial owner is a U.S. person) or the holder otherwise establishes an exemption. Payment of the proceeds of a sale of shares of our common stock conducted through certain U.S. related financial intermediaries is subject to information reporting (but not backup withholding) unless the financial intermediary has documentary evidence in its records that the beneficial owner is a non-U.S. stockholder and specified conditions are met or an exemption is otherwise established.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against such holders federal income tax liability provided the required information is furnished to the IRS.
New reporting requirements generally will apply with respect to dispositions of REIT shares acquired after 2010 (2011 in the case of shares acquired in connection with a distribution reinvestment plan). Brokers that are required to report the gross proceeds from a sale of shares on Form 1099-B will also be required to report the customers adjusted basis in the shares and whether any gain or loss with respect to the shares is long-term or short-term. In some cases, there may be alternative methods of determining the basis in shares that are disposed of, in which case your broker will apply a default method of its choosing if you do not indicate which method you choose to have applied. You should consult with your own tax advisor regarding the new reporting requirements and your election options.
State, Local and Foreign Taxes
We and our subsidiaries and stockholders may be subject to state, local and non-U.S. taxation in various jurisdictions, including those in which they or we transact business, own property or reside. We expect to own interests in properties located in a number of jurisdictions, and we may be required to file tax returns and pay taxes in certain of those jurisdictions. The state, local or non-U.S. tax treatment of the company and our stockholders may not conform to the federal income tax treatment discussed above. Any non-U.S. taxes incurred by us would not pass through to stockholders as a credit against their federal income tax liability. Prospective stockholders should consult their tax advisor regarding the application and effect of state, local and non-U.S. income and other tax laws on an investment in shares of our common stock.
159
Other Tax Considerations
Legislative or Other Actions Affecting REITs
The rules dealing with federal income taxation are constantly under review. No assurance can be given as to whether, when, or in what form, the federal income tax laws applicable to us and our stockholders may be changed. Changes to the federal tax laws and interpretations of federal tax laws could adversely affect an investment in shares of our common stock.
Extension of Reduced Tax Rate Provisions
Several of the tax considerations described above are subject to a sunset provision. The sunset provisions generally provide that for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010, certain provisions that are currently in the Code will revert back to a prior version of those provisions. These provisions include provisions related to the reduced maximum U.S. federal income tax rate for long-term capital gains of 15% (rather than 20%) for taxpayers taxed at individual rates, the application of the 15% U.S. federal income tax rate for qualified dividend income, and certain other tax rate provisions described herein. These rates were extended through the end of 2012 in the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010. Prospective stockholders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the effect of sunset provisions on an investment in our common stock.
160
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or ERISA, is a broad statutory framework that governs most U.S. retirement and other U.S. employee benefit plans. ERISA and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder by the Department of Labor, or DOL, contain provisions that should be considered by fiduciaries of employee benefit plans subject to the provisions of Title I of ERISA, or ERISA plans, and their legal advisors. In particular, a fiduciary of an ERISA Plan should consider whether an investment in a class of shares of our common stock satisfies the requirements set forth in Part 4 of Title I of ERISA, including the requirements that (1) the investment satisfy the prudence and diversification standards of ERISA, (2) the investment be in the best interests of the participants and beneficiaries of the ERISA Plan, (3) the investment be permissible under the terms of the ERISA Plans investment policies and governing instruments and (4) the investment does not give rise to a non-exempt prohibited transaction under ERISA.
In determining whether an investment in shares of our common stock is prudent for ERISA purposes, a fiduciary of an ERISA Plan should consider all relevant facts and circumstances including, without limitation, possible limitations on the transferability of shares of our common stock, whether the investment provides sufficient liquidity in light of the foreseeable needs of the ERISA Plan, and whether the investment is reasonably designed, as part of the ERISA Plans portfolio, to further the ERISA Plans purposes, taking into consideration the risk of loss and the opportunity for gain (or other return) associated with the investment. It should be noted that we will invest our assets in accordance with the investment objectives and guidelines described herein, and that neither our advisor nor any of its affiliates, nor our board of directors, has any responsibility for developing any overall investment strategy for any ERISA Plan or for advising any ERISA Plan as to the advisability or prudence of an investment in us. Rather, it is the obligation of the appropriate fiduciary for each ERISA Plan to consider whether an investment in shares of our common stock by the ERISA Plan, when judged in light of the overall portfolio of the ERISA Plan, will meet the prudence, diversification and other applicable requirements of ERISA.
Section 406 of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code prohibit certain transactions involving (1) the assets of an ERISA Plan, (2) plans (as defined in Section 4975(e)(1) of the Code) that are not subject to ERISA but that are subject to Section 4975 of the Code, such as individual retirement accounts and (3) any other entities, including without limitation, an insurance company general account, whose underlying assets include assets of the plans described in (1) or (2) above by reason of such plans investment in the entities, each of which we refer to as a Plan, and certain persons (referred to as parties in interest for purposes of ERISA or disqualified persons for purposes of the Code) having certain relationships to Plans, unless a statutory or administrative exemption is applicable to the transaction. A party in interest or disqualified person who engages in a non-exempt prohibited transaction may be subject to non-deductible excise taxes and other penalties and liabilities under ERISA and the Code, and the transaction might have to be rescinded. In addition, a fiduciary who causes an ERISA Plan to engage in a non-exempt prohibited transaction may be personally liable for any resultant loss incurred by the ERISA Plan and may be subject to other potential remedies.
A Plan that proposes to invest in shares of our common stock may already maintain a relationship with our advisor or one or more of its affiliates, as a result of which our advisor or such affiliate may be a party in interest under ERISA or a disqualified person under the Code, with respect to such Plan (e.g., if our advisor or such affiliate provides investment management, investment advisory or other services to that Plan). In this circumstance, Plans that propose to invest in our shares of our common stock should consult with their counsel to determine if an investment in shares of our common stock would result in a transaction that is prohibited by ERISA or the Code.
In some circumstances where a Plan holds an interest in an entity, the assets of the entity are deemed to be Plan Assets (defined below). This is known as the look-through rule. If our assets were considered to be assets of a Plan, our management might be deemed to be fiduciaries of the investing Plan. In this event, the operation of the company could become subject to the restrictions of the fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction provisions of Title I of ERISA or the prohibited transaction rules of the Code.
161
Plan Assets are defined in Section 3(42) of ERISA. The DOL has promulgated a final regulation under ERISA, 29 C.F.R. § 2510.3-101, or the Plan Assets Regulation, that provides guidelines as to whether, and under what circumstances, the underlying assets of an entity will be deemed to constitute Plan Assets for purposes of applying the fiduciary requirements of Title I of ERISA (including the prohibited transaction rules of Section 406 of ERISA) and the prohibited transaction provisions of Code Section 4975.
Under the Plan Assets Regulation, the assets of an entity in which a Plan makes an equity investment will generally be deemed to be assets of such Plan unless the entity satisfies one of the exceptions to this general rule. Generally, the exceptions require that the investment in the entity be one of the following:
| |
in securities issued by an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act; |
| |
in which equity participation by benefit plan investors is not significant; |
| |
in publicly offered securities, defined generally as interests that are freely transferable, widely held and registered with the SEC; or |
| |
in an operating company which includes venture capital operating companies and real estate operating companies. |
The shares we are offering will not be issued by a registered investment company. In addition, the Plan Assets Regulation provides that equity participation in an entity by benefit plan investors is significant if at any time 25% or more of the value of any class of equity interest is held by benefit plan investors. The term benefit plan investors is defined for this purpose under ERISA Section 3(42), and in calculating the value of a class of equity interests, the value of any equity interests held by us or any of our affiliates must be excluded. We do not intend to limit participation by benefit plan investors and accordingly, such participation with respect to any class of equity interest in us may exceed 25%, which would be deemed to be significant, as defined above. As a result, and because we are not a registered investment company, we do not anticipate that we will qualify for the exemption for investments in which equity participation by benefit plan investors is not significant or for the exemption for investments in securities issued by a registered investment company.
Also, as noted above, the Plan Assets Regulation provides an exception with respect to securities issued by an operating company, which includes a venture capital operating company, or a VCOC, and a real estate operating company, or a REOC. Under the Plan Assets Regulation, an entity will qualify as a VCOC if (1) on certain specified testing dates, at least 50% of the entitys assets, valued at cost, are invested in venture capital investments, with respect to which the entity has or retains direct contractual rights to substantially participate in the management of such operating company and (2) the entity in the ordinary course of its business actually exercises such management rights. A venture capital investment is an investment in an operating company, other than a venture capital operating company. Under the Plan Assets Regulation, an entity will constitute a REOC if (1) on certain specified testing dates, at least 50% of the entitys assets, valued at cost, are invested in real estate that is managed or developed and with respect to which the entity has the right to substantially participate directly in the management or development of the real estate and (2) the entity in the ordinary course of its business is engaged directly in real estate management or development activities. A REOC can be a venture capital investment.
As noted above, if a Plans investment in an entity constitutes publicly offered securities, the assets of the issuer or the securities will not be deemed to be Plan Assets under the Plan Assets Regulation. The definition of publicly offered securities requires that such securities be widely held, freely transferable and satisfy registration requirements under federal securities laws. Under the Plan Assets Regulation, a class of securities will meet the registration requirements under federal securities laws if they are (1) part of a class of securities registered under section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act or (2) part of an offering of securities to the public pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act and the class of securities of which such security is a part is registered under the Exchange Act within 120 days (or such later time as may be allowed by
162
the SEC) after the end of the fiscal year of the issuer during which the offering of such securities to the public occurred. We anticipate that we will meet the registration requirements under the Plan Assets Regulation. Also under the Plan Assets Regulation, a class of securities will be widely held if it is held by 100 or more persons independent of the issuer and each other. We anticipate that this requirement will be met with respect to Class A shares and Class B shares of our common stock. Although both classes of our shares are intended to satisfy the registration requirements under this definition, and we expect that our securities will be widely-held, the freely transferable requirement must also be satisfied in order for us to qualify for the publicly offered securities exception. The Plan Assets Regulation states that whether a security is freely transferable is a determination to be made based on all relevant facts and circumstances. In the case of a security that is part of an offering in which the minimum investment is $10,000 or less, the Plan Assets Regulation states that the certain requirements, alone or in combination, ordinarily will not affect a finding that the security is freely transferable, including: (i) any requirement that not less than a minimum number of shares or units of such security be transferred or assigned by any investor, provided that such requirement does not prevent the transfer of all of the then remaining shares or units held by an investor; (ii) a requirement that no transfer or assignment of the security or rights in respect thereof be made to an ineligible or unsuitable investor; (iii) any restriction on, or prohibition against, any transfer or assignment which would either result in a termination or reclassification of the entity for federal or state tax purposes or violate any state or federal statute, regulation, court order, judicial decree or rule of law; and (iv) a requirement that no transfer or assignment be made without advance written notice being given to the entity that issued the security.
We intend to either qualify as a VCOC or satisfy the criteria for publicly offered securities. Consequently, it is intended by our management that our assets will not constitute Plan Assets under ERISA or be subject to any fiduciary or investment restrictions under Section 4975 of the Code or ERISA.
Shares sold by us may be purchased or owned by investors who are investing assets of their IRAs. Our acceptance of an investment by an IRA should not be considered to be a determination or representation by us or any of our respective affiliates that such an investment is appropriate for an IRA. In consultation with its advisors, each prospective IRA investor should carefully consider whether an investment in our shares is appropriate for, and permissible under, the terms of its IRA governing documents.
Although IRAs are not subject to ERISA, as discussed above, they are subject to the provisions of Section 4975 of the Code, prohibiting transactions with disqualified persons and investments and transactions involving fiduciary conflicts. A prohibited transaction or conflict of interest could arise if the fiduciary making the decision to invest has a personal interest in or affiliation with our company or any of its respective affiliates. In the case of an IRA, a prohibited transaction or conflict of interest that involves the beneficiary of the IRA could result in disqualification of the IRA. A fiduciary for an IRA who has any personal interest in or affiliation with our company or any of its respective affiliates, should consult with his or her tax and legal advisors regarding the impact such interest may have on an investment in our shares with assets of the IRA.
Governmental plans, most church plans, and foreign plans (Other Plans), while not subject to the fiduciary responsibility provisions of ERISA or the prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and Code Section 4975, may nevertheless be subject to local, state, other federal, or foreign laws that are substantially similar to the foregoing provisions of ERISA and the Code. Fiduciaries of any such plans should consult with their counsel and advisors before deciding to invest in our shares.
Prospective investors that are subject to the provisions of Title I of ERISA or Code Section 4975 should consult with their counsel and advisors as to the provisions of Title I of ERISA or Code Section 4975 relevant to an investment in shares of our common stock.
Acceptance of subscriptions of any Plan or Other Plan is in no respect a representation by us or any other party that such investment meets the relevant legal requirements with respect to that Plan or Other Plan or that the investment is appropriate for such Plan or Other Plan.
163
General
We are offering up to $3,000,000,000 in shares of our common stock pursuant to this prospectus through LaSalle Investment Management Distributors, LLC, our dealer manager, a registered broker-dealer. LaSalle Investment Management Distributors, LLC is a wholly owned subsidiary of our advisor. This is the first public offering for which LaSalle Investment Management Distributors, LLC is serving as a dealer manager. Because this is a best efforts offering, our dealer manager must only use its best efforts to sell the shares, which means that no underwriter, broker-dealer or other person will be obligated to purchase any shares. Our dealer manager has agreed to distribute shares of our common stock exclusively through one participating broker-dealer for up to one year following the offering commencement date, subject to certain exceptions.
We are offering to the public two classes of shares of our common stock, Class A shares and Class M shares. We are offering to sell any combination of Class A and Class M shares with a dollar value up to the maximum offering amount. All investors must meet the suitability standards discussed in the section of this prospectus entitled Suitability Standards. The share classes have different selling commissions and ongoing fees. When deciding which class of shares to buy, you should consider, among other things, whether you are eligible to purchase one or both classes of shares, the amount of your investment, the length of time you intend to hold the shares, the selling commission and fees attributable to each class of shares and whether you qualify for any selling commission discounts described below.
Class A shares are available to the general public. Class M shares are available for purchase in this offering only (1) through fee-based programs, also known as wrap accounts, of investment dealers, (2) through participating broker-dealers that have alternative fee arrangements with their clients, (3) through certain registered investment advisers, (4) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act in a fiduciary capacity for its clients or customers, (5) by endowments, foundations, pension funds and other institutional investors or (6) by our executive officers and directors and their immediate family members, as well as officers and employees of our advisor, our sponsor or other affiliates and their immediate family members, and, if approved by our board of directors, joint venture partners, consultants and other service providers.
We are offering to the public a maximum of $2,700,000,000 in shares of our common stock in our primary offering. We are also offering up to $300,000,000 in shares of our common stock pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. Prior to the conclusion of this offering, if any of the shares of our common stock initially allocated to the distribution reinvestment plan remain unsold after meeting anticipated obligations under the distribution reinvestment plan, we may decide to sell some or all of such shares in the primary offering. Similarly, prior to the conclusion of this offering, if any of the shares of our common stock initially allocated to the distribution reinvestment plan have been purchased and we anticipate additional demand for shares under our distribution reinvestment plan, we may choose to reallocate some or all of the shares allocated to be offered in the primary offering to the distribution reinvestment plan.
The number of shares we have registered pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part is the number that we reasonably expect to be offered and sold within two years from the initial effective date of the registration statement. Under applicable SEC rules, we may be able to extend this offering one additional year pursuant to a filing under Rule 415 of the Securities Act if all of the shares we have registered are not yet sold within two years. Pursuant to this prospectus, we are offering to the public all of the shares that we have registered. Although we have registered a fixed dollar amount of our shares, we intend effectively to conduct a continuous offering of an unlimited number of shares of our common stock over an unlimited time period by filing a new registration statement prior to the end of the three-year period described in Rule 415. In certain states, the registration of our offering may continue for only one year following the initial
164
clearance by applicable state authorities, after which we will renew the offering period for additional one year periods (or longer, if permitted by the laws of each particular state).
We reserve the right to terminate this offering at any time and to extend our offering term to the extent permissible under applicable law.
Buying Shares
The per share purchase price for Class A and Class M shares will vary from day-to-day and will equal our NAV per share for each class of shares as determined after the close of business each day, plus, for Class A shares only, applicable selling commissions. Each class of shares will have a different NAV per share because certain fees are charged differently with respect to each class. See Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation GuidelinesNAV and NAV Per Share Calculation for more information about the calculation of NAV per share.
If you participate in our distribution reinvestment plan, the cash distributions attributable to the class of shares that you purchase in our primary offering will be automatically invested in additional shares of the same class. Shares are offered pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan at NAV per share applicable to that class, calculated as of the distribution.
In order to purchase shares, you must (1) complete a subscription agreement to be mailed to us by your investment advisor and direct your investment advisor to purchase shares in this offering and (2) pay for the shares at the time your subscription is settled. Shares of our common stock purchased by a fiduciary or custodial account will be registered in the name of the fiduciary account and not in the name of the beneficiary. We will generally adhere to the following procedures relating to purchases of shares of our common stock in this continuous offering:
| |
As soon as practicable after the close of the New York Stock Exchange (generally, 4:00 p.m. Eastern time), which we refer to as the close of business, on each business day, our advisor will determine our NAV per share for that day for each share class. As promptly as practicable following the close of business on each business day, we will (i) post our NAV per share for such day for each share class on our website, www.lasalle.com/JLLIPT , and (ii) make our NAV per share for each share class available on our toll-free, automated telephone line, [ ]. In addition, as soon as reasonably practicable following the end of each month, we will file with the SEC a prospectus supplement disclosing our NAV per share for each share class for each business day in the preceding month. |
| |
On each business day, our transfer agent will collect and process subscriptions. We are not permitted to accept your subscription for shares of our common stock until at least five business days after you receive a final prospectus. Notwithstanding, we can reject subscriptions for any reason, even if a prospective investor meets the minimum suitability requirements outlined in our prospectus. Each subscription will be executed at a price equal to our NAV per share for the applicable class of shares as determined after the close of business on the day the subscription is processed and accepted, plus, for Class A shares only, applicable selling commissions. For example, if a subscription is processed and accepted after the close of business (4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on a business day, the subscription will be executed at a purchase price equal to our NAV per share for the applicable class of shares being purchased as determined after the close of business on the next business day, plus, for Class A shares only, applicable selling commissions. As a result of this process, the price per share at which your subscription is executed could be different than the NAV per share on the date you submitted your subscription. |
| |
You will receive a confirmation statement of each new transaction in your account promptly after your subscription is processed. The confirmation statement will disclose the price at which the order was executed and will include information on how to obtain information we have filed with the SEC and made publicly available on our website, www.lasalle.com/JLLIPT . |
165
You will not know at the time you place an order to purchase shares of our common stock precisely the price at which your order will be executed. However, you will have available, through our latest prospectus, information regarding the methodology pursuant to which our NAV is determined, and accordingly, the method upon which the price of shares of our common stock is determined on the business day that your subscription is processed. You will also have available through our website and toll-free information line information about our NAV per share for each share class upon which the price for our common stock was based on the business day immediately preceding the day that you submit your subscription. Through our prior filings, including the prospectus supplements we will file on a monthly basis disclosing the daily determination of our NAV per share for each business day in the preceding month, you will have access to information concerning the trend in our historical NAV since the initial offering date. Although we do not anticipate that our NAV per share will generally vary significantly from one day to the next under normal circumstances, there can be no assurance that this will be the case. We will also disclose, on a quarterly basis in a prospectus supplement filed with the SEC, the primary valuation components of our NAV. Additionally, during the early stages of our companys life, while our portfolio is growing in size and diversification, if we become aware of facts or circumstances that are likely to materially affect our NAV on any particular day, we will disclose the information as promptly as reasonably practicable through a press release that is posted on our website and in our filings with the SEC, and we may also decline to accept purchase orders from investors until such information is disclosed or reconfirm orders that were placed after we became aware of such facts and circumstances until such information is disclosed.
In contrast to securities traded on an exchange or over-the-counter, where the price often fluctuates as a result of, among other things, the supply and demand of securities in the trading market, our NAV will be calculated once daily using our valuation methodology, and the price at which we sell new shares and repurchase outstanding shares that day will not change depending on the level of demand by investors or the volume of requests for repurchase. We will generally sell as many shares as orders are received from investors, subject to acceptance as discussed below, each day at the same price (NAV per share of the applicable class of shares, without premium or discount, plus, for Class A shares only, applicable selling commissions) regardless of when orders are received during the day. If, however, we become aware of facts or circumstances that are likely to materially affect our NAV on any particular day, we may decline to accept orders from investors until we have disclosed publicly such information.
If you place an order to buy shares and your payment is not received and collected, your purchase may be canceled and you could be liable for any losses or fees we have incurred.
We may reject for any reason, or cancel as permitted or required by law, any subscriptions. For example, we may reject any subscriptions from market timers or investors that, in our opinion, may be disruptive to our operations. We may stop offering shares completely or may offer shares only on a limited basis for a period of time or permanently.
Our board of directors will approve any distributions on each class of shares of our common stock for stockholders of record as of a specified date, which we refer to as the record date or date of record. Because we anticipate that each class of shares will have different amounts of net income allocated thereto as a result of the differences in the fees paid on each class of shares, the distributions paid with respect to each class of shares is not expected to be of equal dollar amounts. At the close of business on the date that is one business day after each record date for any declared distribution, which we refer to as the distribution adjustment date, our NAV will be reduced to reflect the accrual of our liability to pay the distribution to our stockholders of record as of the record date. You are considered a stockholder of record for distribution purposes if your subscription is processed and accepted, and payment for the shares is made, up to and including the record date. As a result, investors purchasing shares of our common stock will be affected in the following manner:
| |
If your subscription for our shares is processed and accepted up to and including the business day immediately preceding the distribution adjustment date, your purchase price will not reflect this reduction in NAV because you will be a stockholder for the purposes of receiving the distribution on the applicable record date and therefore will be entitled to receive the distribution. |
166
| |
If your subscription for our shares is processed and accepted on or after the distribution adjustment date, your purchase price will reflect this reduction in NAV because you will not be a stockholder for the purposes of receiving the distribution on the applicable record date and therefore will not be entitled to receive the distribution. |
Frequent Trading Policies
We may reject for any reason, or cancel as permitted or required by law, any subscriptions for shares of our common stock. For example, we may reject any subscriptions from market timers or investors that, in our opinion, may be disruptive to our operations. Frequent purchases and sales of our shares can harm stockholders in various ways, including reducing the returns to long-term stockholders by increasing our costs, disrupting portfolio management strategies and diluting the value of the shares of long-term stockholders. Accordingly, our board of directors has adopted policies and procedures designed to discourage excessive or short-term trading of our shares. We may alter these policies at any time without prior notice to stockholders.
We prohibit frequent trading, which is defined as follows:
| |
any stockholder who requests that we purchase their shares of our common stock within 30 calendar days of the purchase of such shares; |
| |
transactions deemed harmful or excessive by us (including but not limited to patterns of purchases and repurchases), in our sole discretion; and |
| |
transactions initiated by investment advisors, among multiple stockholder accounts, that in the aggregate are deemed harmful or excessive. |
The following are excluded when determining whether transactions are excessive:
| |
purchases and requests for repurchase of our shares in the amount of $5,000 or less; |
| |
purchases or repurchases initiated by us; and |
| |
transactions subject to the trading policy of an intermediary that we deem materially similar to our policy. |
If a violation of our frequent trading policy is identified, the following action will be taken:
| |
Upon the first violation of the policy in a calendar year, repurchase privileges shall be suspended for 90 days. Upon a second violation in a calendar year, purchase privileges shall be suspended for 180 days. |
| |
On the next business day following the end of the 90 or 180 day suspension, any transaction restrictions placed on a stockholder shall be removed. |
Underwriting Compensation
Prior to the commencement of this offering, we have entered into a dealer manager agreement with our dealer manager, pursuant to which our dealer manager has agreed to (1) advise us regarding this offering, (2) manage our relationships with participating broker-dealers and investment advisors and (3) provide assistance in connection with compliance matters relating to the offering, including compliance regarding any sales literature that we may prepare. Our dealer manager intends to engage third party broker-dealers to participate in the distribution of shares of our common stock, which we refer to as participating broker-dealers. Our dealer manager will manage our relationships with participating broker-dealers by identifying and soliciting registered broker-dealers that are members of FINRA to act as participating broker-dealers. Our dealer manager will also coordinate our marketing and distribution efforts with participating broker-dealers and their registered representatives with respect to communications related to the terms of the offering, our investment strategies, material aspects of our operations, and subscriptions procedures. Our dealer manager has agreed to distribute shares of our common stock exclusively through one participating broker-dealer for up to one year following the offering commencement date, subject to certain exceptions. We will not pay referral or similar fees to any accountants, attorneys or other persons in connection with the distribution of our shares.
167
Summary
The following table shows the selling commissions payable at the time you subscribe for Class A shares, which selling commissions are subject to the provisions regarding discounts as described below. No selling commissions are payable with respect to sales of Class M shares.
|
Maximum up-front
sales charge as a % of NAV per share on date of purchase |
||
|
Class A shares |
3.5% |
The following table shows the fees we will pay our dealer manager with respect to the Class A and Class M shares on an annualized basis as a percentage of our NAV for such class.
| Class A | Class M | |||||||
|
Dealer Manager Fee (1) |
0.55 | % | 0.55 | % | ||||
|
Distribution Fee (2) |
0.50 | None | ||||||
| (1) | The dealer manager fee accrues daily in an amount equal to 1/365th of 0.55% of our NAV for each of our Class A and Class M shares for such day on a continuous basis from year to year, subject to certain limitations under applicable FINRA rules. |
| (2) | The distribution fee accrues daily in an amount equal to 1/365th of 0.50% of the portion of our NAV for Class A shares for such day on a continuous basis from year to year, subject to certain limitations under applicable FINRA rules. |
Selling Commissions and DiscountsClass A Shares
Subject to the volume and other discounts described below, we will pay our dealer manager selling commissions of up to 3.5% of the NAV per Class A share sold in the primary offering on the date of purchase. All or a portion of the selling commission will be reallowed to participating broker-dealers. Further, as described below, selling commissions may be reduced or waived in connection with volume or other discounts, other fee arrangements or for sales to certain categories of purchasers.
We are offering volume discounts to qualifying purchasers (as defined below) who purchase $150,000 or more in Class A shares from the same broker-dealer, whether in a single purchase or as the result of multiple purchases. Our dealer manager and any participating broker-dealers and their registered representatives will be responsible for implementing the volume discounts. Any reduction in the amount of the selling commissions as a result of volume discounts received may be credited to the qualifying purchasers in the form of the issuance of additional shares. The net offering proceeds we receive will not be affected by any reduction of selling commissions.
The following table illustrates the various discount levels that may be offered to qualifying purchasers for Class A shares purchased in the primary offering:
|
Your Investment |
Commission
as a % of NAV Per Class A Share |
|||
|
Up to $149,999.99 |
3.50 | % | ||
|
$150,000 to $499,999.99 |
3.00 | |||
|
$500,000 to $999,999.99 |
2.50 | |||
|
$1,000,000 and up |
2.00 | |||
168
For an example of how the volume discount is calculated, assuming Class A NAV per share of $10.00 and no volume discount per share, if an investor purchases $800,000 of Class A shares, she would pay $10.35 per share and purchase 77,294 shares. With the volume discount, the investor would pay $10.25 per share and purchase 78,048 Class A shares.
If you qualify for a volume discount as the result of multiple purchases of our Class A shares, you will receive the benefit of the applicable volume discount for the individual purchase which qualified you for the volume discount, but you will not be entitled to the benefit for prior purchases. Additionally, once you qualify for a volume discount, you will receive the benefit for subsequent purchases through the same participating broker-dealer. For this purpose, if you purchase Class A shares issued and sold in this offering you will receive the benefit of such Class A share purchases in connection with qualifying for volume discounts in our subsequent offerings through the same participating broker-dealer.
As set forth below, subscriptions of Class A shares of several persons may be combined as one qualifying purchaser for the purpose of qualifying for a volume discount, and for determining commissions payable to our dealer manager and participating broker-dealers. For the purposes of such volume discounts, the term qualifying purchaser includes:
| |
related retail and individual retirement accounts for a client, his/her spouse and dependent children; |
| |
any account under the discretion of a professional advisor may be considered a qualifying purchaser with the professional advisor (professional advisors include certified public accountants, lawyers and money managers); |
| |
corporations and their subsidiaries may be qualifying purchasers with chief executive officers, executive management and other key contacts within the firm (any of these individuals personal accounts may be included in this relationship); and |
| |
non-professional individuals with power of attorney over multiple accounts (this excludes lawyers, certified public accounts etc.) may be considered qualifying purchasers. |
Any request to combine purchases of our Class A shares will be subject to our verification that such purchases were made by a qualifying purchaser.
Requests to combine subscriptions of Class A shares as a part of a combined order for the purpose of qualifying for discounts or fee waivers must be made in writing by the broker-dealer, and any resulting reduction in selling commissions will be prorated among the separate subscribers. As with discounts provided to other purchasers, the net proceeds we receive from the sale of shares will not be affected by discounts provided as a result of a combined order.
Your ability to receive a discount or fee waiver based on combining orders or otherwise may depend on the investment advisor or broker-dealer through which you purchase your Class A shares. An investor qualifying for a discount will receive a higher percentage return on his or her investment than investors who do not qualify for such discount. Accordingly, you should consult with your investment advisor about the ability to receive such discounts or fee waivers before purchasing Class A shares.
We will not pay selling commissions on any Class M shares issued or sold under our incentive plan or to our directors, our advisor or its employees or affiliates.
Selling CommissionsClass M Shares
We will not pay selling commissions on Class M shares sold in this offering.
Distribution Reinvestment Plan Shares
We will not pay selling commissions on shares of any class sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan.
169
Dealer Manager FeeClass A and Class M Shares
We will pay our dealer manager a dealer manager fee for coordinating our marketing and distribution efforts. The dealer manager fee will accrue daily in an amount equal to 1/365 th of 0.55% of our NAV per share for each of our Class A and Class M shares for such day on a continuous basis from year to year. The dealer manager fee will be payable in arrears on a quarterly basis. Because the dealer manager fee is based on our NAV, it is payable with respect to all Class A and Class M shares, including Class A and Class M shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan. Our dealer manager may reallow a portion of the dealer manager fee to participating broker-dealers that meet certain thresholds of our shares under management and certain other metrics.
Distribution FeeClass A Shares
We will pay our dealer manager a distribution fee with respect to our Class A shares only that accrues daily in an amount equal to 1/365 th of 0.50% of the amount of our NAV for our Class A shares for such day as additional compensation for selling shares in the offering and for ongoing stockholder services. Our dealer manager may reallow all or a portion of the distribution fee to such participating broker-dealers based on such factors as the level of services that each such broker-dealer performs in connection with the distribution of shares, including ministerial, record-keeping, sub-accounting, stockholder services and other administrative services. The distribution fee will be payable in arrears on a quarterly basis. We will not pay the distribution fee on Class M or Class E shares. Because the distribution fee is based on our NAV for Class A shares, it is payable with respect to all Class A shares, including Class A shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan.
Other Compensation
We may also pay directly, or reimburse our dealer manager if our dealer manager pays on our behalf, any organizational and offering expenses (other than selling commissions, dealer manager fees and distribution fees).
Limitations on Underwriting Compensation
We will monitor the aggregate amount of underwriting compensation that we pay in connection with this offering in order to ensure we comply with applicable FINRA rules. FINRA rules limit total underwriting compensation payable from whatever source, including offering proceeds and amounts paid by our sponsor and its affiliates for underwriting services that are not reimbursed by us, to 10% of the gross proceeds from our primary offering. We will cease paying selling commissions, dealer manager fees and distribution fees with respect to shares sold in this offering and any other type of underwriting compensation on the date at which total underwriting compensation paid with respect to this offering equals 10% of the gross proceeds of the primary offering. FINRA rules also limit our total organization and offering expenses (including selling commissions, bona fide due diligence expenses and underwriting compensation) to 15% of our gross offering proceeds. After the termination of the primary offering and again after termination of the offering under our distribution reinvestment plan, our advisor has agreed to reimburse us to the extent that organization and offering expenses that we incur exceed 15% of our gross proceeds from the applicable offering.
In order to show the maximum amount of compensation that may be paid in connection with this offering, the following table assumes that we sell all of the shares offered by this prospectus, that all shares sold are Class A shares, that no shares are reallocated between the primary offering and the distribution reinvestment plan and that all Class A shares are sold with the highest possible selling commissions.
170
Maximum Estimated Underwriting Fees and Expenses
At Maximum Primary Offering of $2,700,000,000
|
Selling commissions (1) |
$ | 91,304,348 | 3.38 | % | ||||
|
Dealer manager fee (2) |
86,770,864 | 3.21 | ||||||
|
Distribution fee (3) |
78,882,604 | 2.92 | ||||||
|
Wholesaling compensation allocations (4) |
9,470,484 | 0.35 | ||||||
|
Reimbursements for retailing activities (5) |
2,825,000 | 0.10 | ||||||
|
Reimbursements for wholesaling activities (6) |
571,700 | 0.02 | ||||||
|
Legal fees allocable to dealer manager |
175,000 | < 0.01 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
Total |
$ | 270,000,000 | 10.00 | % | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
| (1) | Assumes (a) no volume discounts, (b) the full selling commission of 3.5% of the NAV per share is paid for each Class A share, (c) NAV per share remains $10.00, and (d) all shares sold in the offering are Class A shares. |
| (2) |
The dealer manager fee shall accrue daily in an amount equal to 1/365 th of 0.55% of our NAV for each of our Class A and Class M shares for such day. The numbers presented reflect that dealer manager fees are paid over a number of years, and as a result, can cumulatively increase above 0.55% over time. |
| (3) | The distribution fee shall accrue daily in an amount equal to 1/365th of 0.50% of the amount of our NAV for our Class A shares for each day. The distribution fee is not payable on Class M shares or Class E shares. |
| (4) | Represents the estimated amount of transaction-based and non-transaction based compensation of our dealer managers employees engaged in the distribution of this offering that will be allocated to this offering under applicable FINRA rules. In the event we raise the maximum offering, our dealer manager will be reimbursed these amounts through dealer manager fees it receives from us. |
| (5) | Consists primarily of (a) actual costs incurred for fees to attend retail seminars sponsored by participating broker-dealers and (b) amounts used to reimburse participating broker-dealers for the actual costs incurred by registered representatives for travel, meals and lodging in connection with attending bona fide training and education meetings and retail seminars sponsored by participating broker-dealers. |
| (6) | Consists primarily of expense reimbursements for actual costs incurred by employees of our dealer manager in the performance of wholesaling activities and the actual costs of wholesaling marketing materials. We will reimburse our dealer manager for these expenses to the extent permissible under applicable FINRA rules. |
Term of the Dealer Manager Agreement
The dealer manager agreement with LaSalle Investment Management Distributors, LLC shall continue until the termination of this offering, provided that our obligations under the dealer manager agreement to pay the dealer manager fees and distribution fees with respect to the shares distributed in this offering as described therein shall survive for so long as such shares remain outstanding and until the date on which total underwriting compensation paid in connection with this offering equals 10% of the gross proceeds of the primary portion of this offering. We or the dealer manager may terminate the dealer manager agreement on 60 days written notice or immediately upon notice to the other party in the event that such other party shall have failed to comply with any material provision.
Indemnification
To the extent permitted by law and our charter, we will indemnify the participating broker-dealers, if any, and our dealer manager against some civil liabilities, including certain liabilities under the Securities Act, and liabilities arising from breaches of our representations and warranties contained in the dealer manager agreement. If we are unable to provide this indemnification, we may contribute to payments the indemnified parties may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.
171
In addition to this prospectus, we will use sales material in connection with the offering of shares, although only when accompanied by or preceded by the delivery of this prospectus. Some or all of the sales material may not be available in certain jurisdictions. This sales material may include information relating to this offering, the past performance of affiliates of our advisor, property brochures and articles and publications concerning real estate. In addition, the sales material may contain quotes from various publications without obtaining the consent of the author or the publication for use of the quoted material in the sales material.
We are offering shares only by means of this prospectus. Although the information contained in the sales material will not conflict with any of the information contained in this prospectus, the sales material does not purport to be complete and should not be considered as a part of this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or as incorporated by reference in this prospectus or the registration statement, or as forming the basis of the offering of the shares of our common stock.
The validity of the shares of our common stock being offered hereby have been passed upon for us by Venable LLP. Alston & Bird LLP has reviewed the statements relating to certain federal income tax matters that are likely to be material to U.S. holders of our common stock under the caption Federal Income Tax Considerations and has passed upon the accuracy of those statements as well as our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.
The financial statements incorporated in this prospectus by reference to Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 26, 2012, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
The statements included in this prospectus under Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Guidelines and Selected Financial Information Regarding Our OperationsHistorical NAV Per Share relating to the role of Real Estate Research Corporation as our independent valuation advisor have been reviewed by Real Estate Research Corporation, an independent valuation firm, and are included in this prospectus given the authority of such firm as experts in valuations.
172
The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with them, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below (except to the extent that any such filing or the information contained therein is deemed furnished and not filed in accordance with SEC rules):
| |
Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed on March 8, 2011; |
| |
Our Amendment to our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed on April 30, 2012; |
| |
Our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2012 filed on May 10, 2012 and the quarterly period ended June 30, 2012 filed on August 9, 2012; |
| |
Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed on January 25, 2012, February 13, 2012, March 16, 2012, June 26, 2012, July 13, 2012, August 9, 2012 and September 12, 2012; and |
| |
Our Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on May 29, 2012. |
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act on Form S-11 regarding this offering. This prospectus, which is a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits thereto filed with the SEC, reference to which is hereby made.
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any document that we file at the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet site at www.sec.gov , from which interested persons can electronically access our SEC filings, including the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules thereto.
You may also request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us:
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.
c/o DST Systems, Inc.
P.O. Box 219165
Kansas City, MO 64121-9165
Attention: Stockholder Services
Telephone: (855) 652-0277
Email: JLLIPT@lasalle.com
173
APPENDIX A: FORM OF SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT
SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT
JONES LANG LASALLE INCOME PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
Important information about opening an account.
When you open an account, you must provide your name, address, social security number, date of birth and other information that will allow us to identify you. Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. (the Company ) encourages all prospective investors to consult with their investment advisor and read the Companys prospectus, including all supplements and amendments thereto (the Prospectus ), prior to submitting this form. The Prospectus contains important information regarding the terms, conditions and potential risks associated with an investment in the Company.
|
1 |
INVESTMENT |
A. Initial Investment Amount
We do not accept cash, cashiers checks/official bank checks, starter checks, foreign checks, money orders, third-party checks or travelers checks.
|
$ |
(Minimum initial investment is $10,000) |
| Check this box if you are purchasing shares from a registered investment advisor or bank acting as a trustee or fiduciary in a fee-only account. (Investment advisor listed in Section 12 must agree to this election.) | ||||
B. Payment will be made via: (Check One)
| Enclosed Check | Wired Funds | |||||||
| (Payable to Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.) | Reference # | |||||||
| Wire Date | ||||||||
|
Account No. |
||||||||
|
2 |
ACCOUNT TYPE |
Please consult with your investment advisor and check one of the following options pertaining to class of shares you intend to purchase. The Prospectus contains additional information regarding the share classes, including the different fees which are payable with respect to each class. If no option is selected, your investment will be classified as a Class A account.
| Class A Shares |
| Class M Shares |
|
3 |
TYPE OF OWNERSHIP |
Please select one ownership type and attach any applicable documentation.
| CUSTODIAL OWNERSHIP | ||||||||
|
Third Party IRA Plan Custodian (select IRA type) |
||||||||
| Traditional IRA |
SEP/IRA |
|||||||
| Roth IRA |
| Other Custodial Relationship (please specify) | ||||||||
| NON-CUSTODIAL OWNERSHIP | ||||||||
|
A. Individual |
B. Joint Tenant with Rights of Survivorship | |||||||||||||
| C. Corporation (Specify type please check one) | D. Partnership | |||||||||||||
| S-Corporation | C-Corporation | F. Pension Fund | ||||||||||||
| E. Trust | H. Transfer on Death | |||||||||||||
|
G. Uniform Gift/Transfer to Minors (UGMA/UTMA) |
I. Other (please specify) | |||||||||||||
|
UGMA/UTMA, State of |
||||||||||||||
|
Minors Name |
||||||||||||||
A-1
|
4 |
INVESTOR INFORMATION |
| A. Investor | ||
| First Name | MI | Last Name | Gender (M/F) | |||
|
Social Security Number / Tax ID Number |
Date of Birth (MM/DD/YYYY) | |||||
|
U.S. Address (No P.O. Boxes Accepted) |
||||||
|
City |
State | Zip Code | ||||
|
Email Address |
||||||
| U.S. citizen | ||
|
Resident alien |
||
|
Nonresident alien |
| B. Joint Owner/Co-Investor (if applicable) | ||
| First Name | MI | Last Name | Gender (M/F) | |||
|
Social Security Number / Tax ID Number |
Date of Birth (MM/DD/YYYY) | |||||
|
U.S. Address (No P.O. Boxes Accepted as required by law) |
||||||
|
City |
State | Zip Code | ||||
| U.S. citizen | ||
|
Resident alien |
||
|
Nonresident alien |
|
C. Transfer on Death Beneficiary Information (for accounts with rights of survivorship only) |
||
(Whole % only. Must equal 100%)
|
First Name |
MI | Last Name | SSN | Date of Birth (MM/DD/YYYY) | Primary | |||||||
| Secondary % | ||||||||||||
|
First Name |
MI | Last Name | SSN | Date of Birth (MM/DD/YYYY) | Primary | |||||||
| Secondary % | ||||||||||||
|
First Name |
MI | Last Name | SSN | Date of Birth (MM/DD/YYYY) | Primary | |||||||
| Secondary % | ||||||||||||
|
First Name |
MI | Last Name | SSN | Date of Birth (MM/DD/YYYY) | Primary | |||||||
| Secondary % | ||||||||||||
A-2
|
D. Trust / Corporation / Partnership / Pension Fund / Other (if applicable) |
||
(Sections 4A and 4B must also be completed with Trustee information if the investment is made on behalf of a Trust)
| Name of Business Entity | Tax ID Number | Date of Trust | ||
|
E. Custodian Information (if applicable) |
||
(Sections 4A and 4B must also be completed)
| Name of Business Entity | Name of Custodian or Trustee | |||||
|
Address |
City |
State | Zip Code | |||
| Custodian Tax ID# | Custodian/Brokerage Account # | |||||
| Email Address | Daytime Phone Number | |||||
|
5 |
STOCKHOLDER COMMUNICATION |
|
Electronic Delivery (Please initial box if you wish to elect this option) |
| Email Address | ||||||
The investor hereby requests all available printed materials associated with this account or securities held in this account, including but not limited to, annual and semiannual reports, prospectuses, supplements to the prospectus, proxies, investor statements and correspondence be made available and delivered electronically. The internet address (URL) where the materials are available will be contained within an announcement sent to the investors address when such materials are available. Materials referenced within the announcement may be viewed electronically or printed. Costs associated with accessing the internet may be incurred and certain software may need to be downloaded in order to view the materials delivered electronically and that timely access to the materials may not be available in the event of a system failure or network outage.
|
6 |
DISTRIBUTION DESIGNATION |
Please complete this section to enroll in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan (the DRIP ) or to designate the form of distributions that you would like to receive (please select one ).
| A. Reinvest distributions pursuant to the DRIP. | ||
| The investor elects to invest distributions in additional shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the Prospectus and the DRIP described therein. See Section 10 for important additional information. | ||
| B. Check mailed to address set forth in Section 4A of this form. | ||
| C. Check mailed to Third-Party/Alternate Address/Custodian | ||
|
Name/Entity Name/Financial Institution Mailing Address |
||
|
City State Zip Code Account Number |
||
| D. Direct Deposit (Please complete Section 7). | ||
| The investor authorizes the Company or its agent to deposit distributions to the designated bank/brokerage account. This authority will remain in force until the Company is notified in writing to cancel it. In the event that the Company or its agent deposits funds erroneously into the account, they are authorized to debit the account for an amount not to exceed the amount of the erroneous deposit. |
A-3
|
7 |
WIRING INSTRUCTIONS FOR DIRECT DEPOSITS AND LARGE ACCOUNTS |
All investors utilizing Direct Deposit for distributions must provide wiring instructions to the investors brokerage account or pre-designated U.S. bank account. All repurchases processed will be wired to the account on file with the transfer agent or, upon instruction, wired to another financial institution provided that the investor has made the necessary funds transfer arrangements. Funds wired by the Company or its agents must be to a U.S. financial institution (ACH network member).
|
Financial Institution |
||||||||||
|
Street Address |
City | State | Zip Code | |||||||
| Checking (please include a voided check) |
Account Number |
ABA Routing Number | ||||||||
| Savings (please include a deposit check) | ||||||||||
| Brokerage or Other | ||||||||||
Electronic funds transfers require the signatures of the bank account owners exactly as they appear on the bank records. Registration of the bank account must be the same as names and signatures on this form.
|
8 |
COST BASIS ELECTION |
Internal Revenue Service regulations require security issuers to determine the adjusted cost basis for securities sold or repurchased, the nature of the gain or loss, and to report the information on Form 1099-B. Several tax lot relief methods are available to determine the adjusted cost basis; select one of the following options as the tax lot relief method to be used. This election may be changed at any time prior to or at the time of each repurchase. If no method is selected, the Company will utilize the FIFO method as the default option.
Select One:
| FIFO : First in first out method depletes tax lots in the chronological order in which they were acquired. | ||
| LIFO : Last in first out method will repurchase newest available shares purchased. | ||
| HIFO : Highest cost available shares will be repurchased first. | ||
| LOFO : Lowest cost available shares will be repurchased first. | ||
| HILT : Long term highest cost available shares will be repurchased first. | ||
| HIST : Short term highest cost available shares will be repurchased first. | ||
| LILT : Long term lowest cost available shares will be repurchased first. | ||
| LIST : Short term lowest cost available shares will be repurchased first. | ||
| Specific Identification : Stockholders choose which tax lots they are selling and must specify particular lots to be sold prior to or at the time of each repurchase. |
|
9 |
INVESTOR SIGNATURES |
Please read and separately initial each of the representations below in order to complete the application for purchasing and owning shares of the Company. If you have more questions about this offering or if you would like additional copies of the Prospectus, please visit the Companys website at www.lasalle.com/JLLIPT. Investment advisors can also contact their wholesale representatives. In the case of trust accounts, you may not grant any person a power of attorney to make the representations on your behalf.
To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, Federal law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account. What this means for you is that when you open an account, we will ask for your name, address, social security number, date of birth and other information that will allow us to identify you. This will assist us in ensuring that your information is secure.
PLEASE NOTE: ALL ITEMS MUSTS BE READ AND INITIALED
|
I, the investor (or in the case of fiduciary accounts, the person authorized to sign on such subscribers
behalf), hereby represent and warrant to the Company as follows: |
Investor/ Owner |
Co-Investor/
Joint Owner |
||||
|
(a) I have received a copy of the final Prospectus (the Prospectus and all supplements and amendments thereto that were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission) for Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. before completing this form. |
||||||
A-4
|
(b) I understand that the Company files a supplement to its Prospectus following the end of each month disclosing daily pricing information for the preceding month, which I can access through the Companys website at www.lasalle.com/JLLIPT, the SECs website at www.sec.gov or from my investment advisor, I also understand that following each business day, I can access the Companys daily pricing information for that day from any of these sources as well as through the Companys toll-free automated telephone line at [ ]. I have received the Companys NAV per share from one or more of these sources before completing this form. |
||||||
|
(c) I have (i) a minimum net worth of at least $250,000, or (ii) a minimum net worth of at least $100,000 and a minimum annual gross income of at least $70,000, and, if applicable, I meet the higher suitability requirements imposed by my state of primary residence as set forth in the Prospectus under Suitability Standards. I acknowledge that these suitability requirements can be met by myself or the fiduciary acting on my behalf. For these purposes, net worth is calculated excluding the value of your home, home furnishings and automobiles. |
||||||
|
(d) With the purchase of shares of the Company, no more than 10% of my liquid net worth will be invested in shares of the Company and other similar programs, including direct participation programs, with liquid net worth being defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. |
||||||
|
(e) I acknowledge that shares of the Company are not liquid, that there is no public market for the shares and that the Company may be unable to repurchase my shares at any particular time. |
||||||
|
(f) I am purchasing the shares for my own account or on behalf of a trust or other eligible entity. If I am purchasing shares on behalf of a trust or other eligible entity, I have due authority to sign this agreement and to legally bind the trust or other eligible entity to the terms and conditions for purchasing shares of the Company. |
By signing this subscription agreement, I agree to the terms and conditions for owning shares of the Company as outlined in this form, the Prospectus and any applicable supplements. I certify that I have received a copy of this prospectus and that I meet the net worth and gross annual income requirements described above. The Company will assert these representations and warranties in any proceeding in which a stockholder or a regulatory authority attempts to hold the Company liable because stockholders did not receive copies of this prospectus or because the Company failed to adhere to each states suitability requirements. I certify under penalties of perjury that I am not involved in any money laundering schemes and the source of any investment in the Company is not derived from any criminal activities.
I further acknowledge that after an account is opened with the Company, I will receive account statements, a confirmation of my purchase and other correspondence which I must carefully review to ensure that my instructions have been properly acted upon. If any discrepancies are noted, I agree to notify the Company or the transfer agent in a timely manner. My failure to notify one of the above entities on a timely basis will relieve such entities of any liability with respect to any discrepancy.
I certify that I am of legal age to sign this form. For joint accounts, all parties must sign.
Except in the case of a fiduciary account, the investor may not grant any person a power of attorney to make the above representations on his, hers or its benefit.
WITHHOLDING INFORMATION
This application requires an accompanying W-9 form (enclosed). For further instructions on completing the W-9, please visit the Internal Revenue Service website at www.irs.gov.
The undersigned certifies, under penalties of perjury, (i) that the taxpayer identification number shown in this Subscription Agreement is true, correct and complete, and (ii) that I am (we are) not subject to backup withholding either because I (we) have not been notified that I am (we are) subject to backup withholding as a result of a failure to report all interest or distributions, or the Internal Revenue Service has notified me (us) that I am (we are) no longer subject to backup withholding.
NOTE: The Internal Revenue Service does not require your consent to any provision of this document other than the certification regarding backup withholding.
NOTE: By signing this form, you are not waiving any rights that you may have under federal and state securities laws.
|
Name of Authorized Signatory |
Signature of Authorized Signatory | Date | ||||
A-5
|
10 |
IMPORTANT INVESTOR INFORMATION |
All items on this form must be completed in order to process the application. Please note that the Company, its agents and participating broker-dealers are required by law to obtain, verify and record certain personal information obtained to establish this account. We may also ask for other identifying documents or financial information relevant to a suitability assessment. If that information is not provided, we may not be able to open the account.
In order to invest in the Company, we only accept checks drawn from a U.S. bank account or wired funds from a U.S. financial institution (ACH network member). We do not accept money orders, travelers checks, starter checks, foreign checks, counter checks, third-party checks or cash.
IMPORTANT INFORMATION FOR INVESTORS IN THE DISTRIBUTION REINVESTMENT PLAN:
If you elect to participate in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan, you are requested to promptly notify the Company in writing if at any time you experience a material change in your financial condition, including the failure to meet the income, net worth and investment concentration standards imposed by your state of residence and as set forth in the Prospectus and this form relating to such investment or can no longer make the representations or warranties set forth in Section 9 of this form. This request in no way shifts the responsibility of the Companys sponsor, or any other person selling shares on behalf of the Company to you, to make every reasonable effort to determine that the purchase of shares in this offering is a suitable and appropriate investment based on information provided by you.
IMPORTANT INFORMATION FOR INVESTORS PURCHASING SHARES UNDER THE TERMS FOR UNIFORM GIFTS OR TRANSFERS TO MINORS (UGMA / UTMA):
To the extent that shares of the Company are purchased for the benefit of a minor under UGMA /UTMA, the minor will be required to complete a Subscription Eligibility Form and Account Application at the time that he or she becomes of legal age as defined by the law of the minors state of residency.
|
11 |
CUSTODIAN SIGNATURE (For Custodian identified in Section 4D, as applicable) |
The undersigned being the custodian of the IRA being invested in the Company by the investor, hereby accepts and agrees to this subscription.
|
Name of Authorized Signatory |
Signature of Authorized Signatory | Date | ||||||
|
|
If the custodian of the IRA being invested in the Company by the investor accepts and agrees to the investors election (if applicable) to invest distributions in additional shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the Prospectus and the DRIP described therein, please initial here. | |||||||
|
12 |
PARTICIPATING BROKER-DEALER / INVESTMENT ADVISOR OR REGISTERED INVESTMENT ADVISOR (RIA) INFORMATION |
If applicable, the investment advisor/RIA must complete all fields in this section and sign below to complete this form. By signing this form, the investment advisor/RIA warrants that he or she is duly licensed and may sell shares of the Company in the state designated as the investors legal residence. All sales of securities must be made through a broker-dealer that has a Participating Broker-Dealer Agreement in effect with LaSalle Investment Management Distributors, LLC, the Companys dealer manager.
| Broker-Dealer | Investment Advisor/RIA Name | |||
| Investment Advisor/RIA Mailing Address | City | State | Zip Code | |||
| Investment Advisor/RIA Number | Branch Number | CRD Number | ||
| Email Address | Daytime Phone Number | Fax Number | ||
The undersigned confirms by its signature, on behalf of the broker-dealer, that it (i) has reasonable grounds to believe that the information and representations concerning the investor identified herein are true, correct and complete in all respects; (ii) has verified that the form of ownership selected is accurate and, if other than individual ownership, has verified that the individual executing on behalf of the investor is properly authorized and identified; (iii) has discussed such investors prospective purchase of shares with such investor; (iv) has advised such investor of all pertinent facts with regard to the liquidity and marketability of the shares; (v) has delivered or made available a current Prospectus and related supplements, if any, to such investor; and (vi) has reasonable grounds to believe that the purchase of shares is a suitable investment for such investor, that such investor meets the suitability standards applicable to such investor set forth in the Prospectus and related supplements, if any, and that such investor is in a financial position to enable such investor to realize the benefits of such an investment and to suffer any loss that may occur with respect thereto. The broker-dealer agrees to maintain records of the information used to determine that an investment in shares is suitable and appropriate for the investor for a period of six years. The undersigned further represents and certifies, on behalf of the broker-dealer, that in connection with this subscription for shares, he or she has complied with and has followed all applicable policies and procedures under his or her firms existing Anti-Money Laundering Program and Customer Identification Program.
The undersigned investment advisor/RIA further represents and certifies that the investor has granted said investment advisor/RIA a power of attorney with the authority to execute this subscription agreement on the investors behalf, including all required representations.
| Investment Advisor/RIA Signature | Date | Branch Manager Signature | Date | |||||
| (if required by Participating Broker-Dealer) | ||||||||
A-6
|
13 |
SUBSCRIPTION CHECKLIST |
| A. | Please review this application to ensure that all sections are complete, all additional required information is attached and that initials and signatures are provided wherever requested. For IRA accounts, mail investor-signed documents to the IRA Custodian for signatures. |
| B. | Payment by check . Checks should be made payable to: |
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.
|
Payment by wire. |
||
|
Wire to: |
United Missouri Bank, Kansas City, MO |
|
|
ABA Routing Number: |
101000695 |
|
|
Beneficiary Name: |
LaSalle Universal |
|
|
Beneficiary Account Number: |
98-7197-617-3 |
|
|
For Further Credit to: |
Investor Name | |
|
Fund Name: |
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. |
| C. | This original application, together with a check for the full purchase price (if payment by check), should be delivered to the applicable address below (no faxes): |
|
Standard Mail |
Overnight Delivery |
|
| Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. | Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. | |
|
c/o DST Systems, Inc. P.O. Box 219165 |
c/o DST Systems, Inc. 430 W. 7 th Street, Suite 219165 |
|
|
Kansas City, Missouri 64121-9165 |
Kansas City, Missouri 64105 |
| Questions |
| (855) 652-0277 |
A-7
APPENDIX B: DISTRIBUTION REINVESTMENT PLAN
This Distribution Reinvestment Plan (the Plan ) is adopted by Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. (the Company ) pursuant to its charter (the Charter ). Unless otherwise defined herein, capitalized terms shall have the same meaning as set forth in the Charter.
1. Distribution Reinvestment. As agent for the stockholders (the Stockholders ) of the Company who elect to participate in the Plan (the Participants ), the Company will apply all dividends and other distributions declared and paid in respect of the shares of the Companys Class A and Class M common stock (the Shares ) held by each Participant and attributable to the class of Shares held by such Participant (the Dividends ), including Dividends paid with respect to any full or fractional Shares acquired under the Plan, to the purchase of additional Shares of the same class for such Participant, provided, however, that holders of shares of the Companys Class E common stock (the Class E Shares ) are not eligible to participate in the Plan with respect to such Class E Shares.
2. Effective Date. The effective date of this Plan shall be the date that the registration statement of the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC ) registering the Class A Shares and the Class M Shares to be purchased by a Stockholder under this Plan (the Plan Shares ) is declared effective.
3. Procedure for Participation. Any Stockholder who has received a Prospectus, as contained in a registration statement of the Company filed with the SEC registering the Plan Shares, may elect to become a Participant by completing and executing a subscription agreement, an enrollment form or any other appropriate authorization form as may be available from the Company, the Companys transfer agent, the dealer manager for the Companys continuous public offering or any soliciting dealer participating in the distribution of Shares for the Companys continuous public offering. Participation in the Plan will begin with the next Dividend payable after acceptance of a Participants subscription, enrollment or authorization. Shares will be purchased under the Plan on the date that Dividends are paid by the Company.
4. Suitability. Each Participant is requested to promptly notify the Company in writing if the Participant experiences a material change in his or her financial condition, including the failure to meet the income, net worth and investment concentration standards imposed by such Participants state of residence and as set forth in the Companys most recent prospectus. For the avoidance of doubt, this request in no way shifts the responsibility of the Companys sponsor, or any other person selling shares on behalf of the Company to the Participant, to make every reasonable effort to determine that the purchase of Shares is a suitable and appropriate investment based on information provided by such Participant.
5. Purchase of Shares.
(a) Participants will acquire Plan Shares at a price equal to the NAV per Share applicable to the class of Shares purchased by the Participant, calculated as of the distribution date in accordance with the Companys valuation guidelines. No selling commissions will be payable with respect to shares purchased pursuant to the Plan. Participants in the Plan may purchase fractional Shares so that 100% of the Dividends will be used to acquire Shares. However, a Participant will not be able to acquire Plan Shares to the extent that any such purchase would cause such Participant to exceed the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit or the Common Share Ownership Limit as set forth in the Charter or otherwise would cause a violation of the Share ownership restrictions set forth in the Charter.
(b) Shares to be distributed by the Company in connection with the Plan may (but are not required to) be supplied from: (i) the Shares which will be registered with the SEC for issuance pursuant to the Plan, or (ii) Shares purchased by the Company for issuance pursuant to the Plan in a secondary market (if available) or on a stock exchange (if listed) (collectively, the Secondary Market ).
(c) Shares purchased in any Secondary Market will be purchased at the then-prevailing market price for Shares of the class purchased, which price will be utilized for purposes of issuing Shares in the Plan. Shares
B-1
acquired by the Company in any Secondary Market may be at prices lower or higher than the Share price which will be paid for the Plan Shares of that class pursuant to the Companys continuous public offering.
(d) If the Company acquires Shares in any Secondary Market for issuance pursuant to the Plan, the Company shall use its reasonable efforts to acquire Shares at the lowest price then reasonably available for Shares of the class acquired. However, the Company does not in any respect guarantee or warrant that the Shares so acquired and purchased by the Participant in the Plan will be at the lowest possible price. Further, irrespective of the Companys ability to acquire Shares in any Secondary Market or register for Shares in the Plan, the Company is in no way obligated to do either, but may do so in its sole discretion.
6. Taxes. THE REINVESTMENT OF DISTRIBUTIONS DOES NOT RELIEVE A PARTICIPANT OF ANY INCOME TAX LIABILITY WHICH MAY BE PAYABLE ON THE DISTRIBUTIONS. INFORMATION REGARDING POTENTIAL INCOME TAX LIABILITY OF PARTICIPANTS MAY BE FOUND IN THE PUBLIC FILINGS MADE BY THE COMPANY WITH THE SEC.
7. Share Certificates. The ownership of the Shares purchased through the Plan will be in book-entry form unless and until the Company issues certificates for its outstanding common stock.
8. Reports. Within 90 days after the end of the Companys fiscal year, the Company shall provide each Participant an individualized report describing, as to such Participant: (i) the Dividends reinvested during the year; (ii) the number and class of Shares purchased during the year; (iii) the per share purchase price for such Shares; and (iv) the total number of Shares purchased on behalf of the Participant under the Plan.
9. Termination by Participant. A Participant may terminate participation in the Plan at any time, without penalty, by delivering written notice to the Company or by contacting your investment advisor. The notice must be received by the Company prior to the last day of a quarter in order for a Participants termination to be effective for such quarter (i.e. a termination notice will be effective as of the last day of a quarter in which it is received and will not affect participation in the Plan for any prior quarter.) Any transfer of Shares by a Participant to a non-Participant will terminate participation in the Plan with respect to the transferred Shares. If the Company repurchases a portion of a Participants Shares, the Participants participation in the Plan with respect to the Participants Shares which were not repurchased will not be terminated unless the Participant requests such termination in accordance with the requirements of this Section 9. If a Participant terminates Plan participation, the Company may, at its option, ensure that the terminating Participants account will reflect the whole number of shares in such Participants account and provide a check for the cash value of any fractional share in such account. Upon termination of Plan participation for any reason, Dividends will be distributed to the Stockholder in cash.
10. Amendment, Suspension or Termination by the Company. The Board of Directors may by majority vote (including a majority of the Independent Directors) amend the Plan; provided that the Plan cannot be amended to eliminate a Participants right to terminate participation in the Plan and that notice of any material amendment must be provided to Participants at least 10 days prior to the effective date of that amendment. The Board of Directors may by majority vote (including a majority of the Independent Directors) suspend or terminate the Plan for any reason upon 10 days written notice to the Participants.
11. Liability of the Company. The Company shall not be liable for any act done in good faith, or for any good faith omission to act, including, without limitation, any claims or liability (a) arising out of failure to terminate a Participants account upon such Participants death prior to receipt of notice in writing of such death; or (b) with respect to the time and the prices at which Shares are purchased or sold for a Participants account.
B-2
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No dealer, salesperson or other individual has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations that are not contained in this prospectus. If any such information or statements are given or made, you should not rely upon such information or representation. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell any securities other than those to which this prospectus relates, or an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, to any person in any jurisdiction where such an offer or solicitation would be unlawful. This prospectus speaks as of the date set forth below. You should not assume that the delivery of this prospectus will remain fully accurate and correct as of any time subsequent to the date of this prospectus.
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.
Common Stock
Maximum Offering of $3,000,000,000
PROSPECTUS
, 2012
PART II
Information Not Required in the Prospectus
| Item 31. | Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution. |
The following table itemizes the expenses incurred by the registrant in connection with the issuance and registration of the securities being registered hereunder. All amounts shown are estimates except the SEC registration fee and the FINRA filing fee.
|
SEC registration fee |
$ | 343,800 | ||
|
FINRA filing fee |
75,500 | |||
|
Printing costs |
1,000,000 | |||
|
Legal fees and expenses |
1,662,550 | |||
|
Accounting fees and expenses |
1,850,000 | |||
|
Transfer agent fees |
2,500,000 | |||
|
Training and education seminars |
249,900 | |||
|
Sales and advertising expenses |
1,255,000 | |||
|
Blue sky fees and expenses |
151,540 | |||
|
Miscellaneous expenses |
4,096,700 | |||
|
|
|
|||
|
Total |
$ | 13,184,990 | ||
|
|
|
| Item 32. | Sales to Special Parties. |
None.
| Item 33. | Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities. |
On November 11, 2011, Jones Lang LaSalle Co-Investment, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated, purchased 3,731 shares of common stock of the registrant for total cash consideration of $200,000. On August 8, 2012, LIC II Solstice Holdings, LLC, an affiliate of Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated, purchased approximately 884,956 shares of common stock of the registrant for total cash consideration of $50 million. Each of these transactions was exempt from registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act because, in each case, the purchaser was an accredited investor within the meaning of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act.
| Item 34. | Indemnification of Directors, Officers and Others. |
Maryland law permits a corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the liability of directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages, except for liability resulting from (1) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or (2) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment and which is material to the cause of action.
Maryland law requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which the registrants charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he is made or threatened to be made a party by reason of his service in that capacity.
II-1
Maryland law allows directors and officers to be indemnified against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred in connection with a proceeding unless the following can be established:
| |
an act or omission of the director or officer was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding, and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; |
| |
the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or |
| |
with respect to any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe his act or omission was unlawful. |
However, under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, unless in either case a court orders indemnification and then only for expenses.
In addition, Maryland law permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon receipt of (1) a written affirmation by the director or officer of his good faith belief that he has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and (2) a written undertaking by him or on his behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.
The registrants charter generally limits the liability of its directors and officers for monetary damages and requires it to indemnify and advance expenses to its directors, officers, advisor and affiliates for losses that they may incur by reason of their service in those capacities. However, the registrant may not indemnify its directors, its advisor or affiliates of its advisor for any liability or loss suffered by them or hold its directors, its advisor or affiliates of its advisor harmless for any loss or liability suffered by the registrant unless all of the following conditions are met:
| |
the directors, advisor or affiliates have determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct which caused the loss or liability was in the registrants best interests; |
| |
the directors, advisor or affiliates were acting on the registrants behalf or performing services for the registrant; |
| |
in the case of affiliated directors, the registrants advisor or its affiliates, the liability or loss was not the result of negligence or misconduct; and |
| |
in the case of independent directors, the liability or loss was not the result of gross negligence or willful misconduct. |
The indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of the registrants net assets and not from the stockholders.
Indemnification does not reduce the exposure of directors and officers to liability under federal or state securities laws, nor does it limit the stockholders ability to obtain injunctive relief or other equitable remedies for a violation of a directors or an officers duties to the registrant or its stockholders, although the equitable remedies may not be an effective remedy in some circumstances.
In addition, the registrant will not indemnify its directors, its advisor and affiliates of its advisor or any person acting as a broker-dealer for losses and liabilities arising from or out of alleged violations of federal or state securities laws unless one or more of the following conditions are met:
| |
there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged material securities law violations as to the particular indemnitee; |
| |
such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as to the particular indemnitee; or |
II-2
| |
a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against a particular indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which the registrants securities were offered or sold as to indemnification for violation of securities laws. |
The registrants charter further provides that it may pay or reimburse reasonable legal expenses and other costs incurred by its directors, its advisor and affiliates of its advisor in advance of final disposition of a proceeding only if all of the following are satisfied: the proceeding relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on the registrants behalf; the person seeking advancement provides the registrant with written affirmation of his good faith belief that he has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification; the legal proceeding was initiated by a third party who is not a stockholder or, if by a stockholder acting in his capacity as such, a court of competent jurisdiction approves such advancement; and the person seeking the advancement provides the registrant with a written agreement to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the registrant, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined that he is not entitled to indemnification.
The registrant has agreed to indemnify and hold harmless its advisor and its affiliates performing services for it from specific claims and liabilities arising out of the performance of their obligations under the advisory agreement. As a result, the registrant and its stockholders may be entitled to a more limited right of action than it would otherwise have if these indemnification rights were not included in the advisory agreement.
The general effect to investors of any arrangement under which any of the registrants controlling persons, directors or officers are insured or indemnified against liability is a potential reduction in distributions resulting from the registrants payment of premiums associated with insurance or, to the extent any such loss is not covered by insurance, the registrants payment of indemnified loss. In addition, indemnification could reduce the legal remedies available to the registrant and its stockholders against the officers and directors.
| Item 35. | Treatment of Proceeds from Shares Being Registered. |
Not applicable.
| Item 36. | Financial Statements and Exhibits. |
| (a) | Financial Statements. |
The following financial statements of the Company are incorporated into the prospectus by reference:
| |
The consolidated financial statements of the Company included in the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 filed with the SEC on August 9, 2012; |
| |
The consolidated financial statements of the Company included in the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2012 filed with the SEC on May 10, 2012; and |
| |
The consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedules of the Company included in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed with the SEC on March 8, 2012 and the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 26, 2012. |
| (b) | Exhibits. |
See the Exhibit Index on the page immediately preceding the exhibits for a list of exhibits filed as part of this registration statement on Form S-11, which Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.
II-3
| Item 37. | Undertakings. |
1. The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
| (a) | To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: |
| (i) | To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act. |
| (ii) | To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the Calculation of Registration Fee table in the effective registration statement. |
| (iii) | To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement. |
| (b) | That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
| (c) | That all post-effective amendments will comply with the applicable forms, rules and regulations of the SEC in effect at the time such post-effective amendments are filed. |
| (d) | To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering. |
| (e) | That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of the registration statement relating to the offering, other than a registration statement relying on Rule 430B or other than a prospectus filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided , however , that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use. |
| (f) | That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, in a primary offering of securities pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser: |
| (i) | any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; |
| (ii) | any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant; |
II-4
| (iii) | the portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and |
| (iv) | any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser. |
| (g) | To send to each stockholder, at least on an annual basis, a detailed statement of any transactions with the advisor or its affiliates, and of fees, commissions, compensation and other benefits paid or accrued to the advisor or its affiliates for the fiscal year completed, showing the amount paid or accrued to each recipient and the services performed. |
2. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions and otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
II-5
Power of Attorney
We, Jacques N. Gordon and William E. Sullivan, and each of us, do hereby constitute and appoint C. Allan Swaringen our true and lawful attorney with full power to sign for us and in our name in the capacity indicated below any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to the registration statement filed herewith as well as any registration statement for the same offering covered by this registration statement that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, and generally do all such things in our names and in our capacity as directors to enable Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming my signature as it may be signed by my said attorney to said registration statements and any and all amendments thereto.
|
Name |
Title |
Date |
||
|
/ S / J ACQUES N. G ORDON Jacques N. Gordon |
Director |
September 20, 2012 | ||
|
/ S / W ILLIAM E. S ULLIVAN William E. Sullivan |
Director | September 20, 2012 | ||
Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-11 and has duly caused this amended Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Chicago, State of Illinois, on this 20th day of September, 2012.
| Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. | ||
|
By: |
/ S / C. A LLAN S WARINGEN |
|
|
C. Allan Swaringen |
||
|
Chief Executive Officer |
||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this amended Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates as indicated.
|
Name |
Title |
Date |
||
|
/ S / C. A LLAN S WARINGEN C. Allan Swaringen |
Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
September 20, 2012 | ||
|
/ S / G REGORY A. F ALK Gregory A. Falk |
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) | September 20, 2012 | ||
|
* Lynn C. Thurber |
Chairman of the Board |
September 20, 2012 | ||
|
* Virginia G. Breen |
Director |
September 20, 2012 | ||
II-6
|
Name |
Title |
Date |
||
|
* Jonathan B. Bulkeley |
Director |
September 20, 2012 | ||
|
* Jacques N. Gordon |
Director |
September 20, 2012 | ||
|
* Thomas F. McDevitt |
Director |
September 20, 2012 | ||
|
* Peter H. Schaff |
Director |
September 20, 2012 | ||
|
* William E. Sullivan |
Director |
September 20, 2012 | ||
| * By: |
/ S / C. A LLAN S WARINGEN C. Allan Swaringen |
Attorney-in-Fact |
September 20, 2012 | |||
II-7
Exhibit Index
| 1.1 | Dealer Manager Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 29, 2012). | |
| 3.1 | Form of Second Articles of Amendment and Restatement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Companys Pre-Effective Amendment No. 5 to the Registration Statement on Form S-11, Commission File No. 333-177963, filed with the SEC on July 20, 2012). | |
| 3.2 | Form of Second Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-11, Commission File No. 333-177963, filed with the SEC on November 14, 2011 (the Initial Registration Statement)). | |
| 4.1 | Form of Subscription Agreement (included in prospectus as Appendix A). | |
| 4.2 | Distribution Reinvestment Plan (included in the prospectus as Appendix B). | |
| 5.1 | Form of Opinion of Venable LLP as to Legality of Securities (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 5.1 to the Initial Registration Statement). | |
| 8.1 | Form of Opinion of Alston & Bird LLP as to Tax Matters (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 8.1 to the Initial Registration Statement). | |
| 8.2 | Private Letter Ruling. | |
| 10.1 | Form of First Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement between Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. and LaSalle Investment Management, Inc. | |
| 10.2 | Form of Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. 2012 Incentive Plan. | |
| 10.3 | Form of Independent Directors Compensation Plan. | |
| 10.4 | Form of Valuation Services Agreement between Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc, and Real Estate Research Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Initial Registration Statement). | |
| 10.5 | Excelsior LaSalle Property Fund, Inc. Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement, by and between Excelsior LaSalle Property Fund, Inc. and Bank of America Capital Advisors LLC, dated as of January 7, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 8, 2010). | |
| 10.6 | License Agreement by and between Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. and Jones Lang LaSalle IP, Inc. dated as of November 14, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Initial Registration Statement). | |
| 10.7 | Subscription Agreement by and among Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. and LIC II Solstice Holdings, LLC, dated as of August 8, 2012 (incorporated by reference to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 9, 2012). | |
| 16.1 | Letter from PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to the SEC dated March 15, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 16.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 16, 2012). | |
| 21.1 | Subsidiaries of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21 to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 8, 2012). | |
| 23.1 | Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. | |
| 23.2 | Consent of Venable LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1). | |
| 23.3 | Consent of Alston & Bird LLP (included in Exhibit 8.1). | |
| 23.4 | Consent of Real Estate Research Corporation. | |
| 24.1 | Power of Attorney (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 24.1 to the Initial Registration Statement). | |
| 24.2 | Power of Attorney of Lynn C. Thurber (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 24.2 to the Companys Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Initial Registration Statement, filed with the SEC on December 21, 2011). | |
| 24.3 | Power of Attorney of Jacques N. Gordon and William E. Sullivan (included on signature page). | |
Exhibit 8.2
| Internal Revenue Service |
Department of the Treasury Washington, DC 20224 |
|
| Index Number: 562.00-00, 856.00-00 | ||
|
Gregory A. Falk Chief Financial Officer Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. 200 East Randolph Drive Chicago, Illinois 60601 |
Person To Contact: Julanne Allen, ID No. 1001878792
Telephone Number: (202) 622-3920
Refer Reply To: CC:FIP:B01 PLR-150004-11
Date: August 2, 2012 |
|
| Taxpayer | = |
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. (EIN 20-1432284) |
||
| State | = | Maryland | ||
| Date 1 | = | December 31, 2004 | ||
| Advisor | = | LaSalle Investment Management, Inc. | ||
| Date 2 | = | December 2004 | ||
| Sponsor | = | Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated | ||
| A | = | 10 million | ||
| Date 3 | = | September 30, 2011 | ||
| B | = | 501.8 million | ||
| C | = | 36 | ||
| D | = | 12 | ||
| E | = | 1 | ||
| Date 4 | = | November 14, 2011 | ||
| F | = | 4,147,140 | ||
| G | = | 1,765 | ||
| H | = | 50 million | ||
| PLR-150004-11 | 2 |
| I | = | 20 | ||
| J | = | 600 million | ||
| K | = | 25 | ||
| L | = | 3.5 | ||
| M | = | 1/365 th | ||
| N | = | 0.50 | ||
| O | = | 0.55 | ||
| p | = | 1.25 | ||
| Q | = | 7 | ||
| R | = | 10 | ||
Dear Mr. Falk:
This is in reply to a letter dated December 2, 2011, and subsequent correspondence, requesting rulings on behalf of Taxpayer. You have requested rulings that: (1) the differences in distributions on the three classes of shares of common stock attributable to different fee and class-specific expense allocations (as described below), including different performance fees determined through application of the same performance fee formula, will not result in such distributions being treated as preferential dividends within the meaning of section 562(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), and, therefore, Taxpayer will be entitled to deduct all dividends that it pays to its stockholders pursuant to sections 561(a) and 857, provided Taxpayer otherwise meets the conditions of those sections and (2) the adoption of the three classes of common stock with different fee and class-specific expense allocations described below will not affect the classification of Taxpayer as a real estate investment trust (REIT) under section 856.
FACTS
Taxpayer is a corporation organized under the laws of State and elected to be taxed as a REIT for its taxable year ended Date 1. Taxpayer is externally managed by Advisor.
| PLR-150004-11 | 3 |
Previously, shares of a single class of common stock of Taxpayer were issued to accredited investors in a private offering that was exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933. The first of several closings occurred in Date 2, on which date an affiliate of Sponsor purchased $A in shares of Taxpayers common stock. Through Date 3, Taxpayer raised an aggregate of approximately $B in gross proceeds through the private offering of shares of its common stock to unaffiliated investors.
Taxpayer owns and manages a diversified portfolio of retail, office, industrial and multifamily properties located primarily in the United States. As of Date 3, Taxpayers real estate portfolio was composed of interests in C properties located in D states and E property in Canada.
In order to raise additional capital to grow Taxpayers real estate portfolio, reduce its leverage and provide liquidity to existing investors, Taxpayer has filed a registration statement on Form S-11 to offer and sell to the public two new classes of shares of common stock, the Class A shares (Class A Shares) and the Class M shares (Class M Shares) (the Public Offering).
As of Date 4, Taxpayer had F shares of common stock outstanding, held by a total of G stockholders, and no other class of common stock outstanding. Prior to the commencement of the new offering, Taxpayer expects that Sponsor will purchase approximately $H of shares of Taxpayers common stock. The currently outstanding shares of common stock will be reclassified as Class E shares (Class E Shares). Once the offering of Class A Shares and Class M Shares commences, Taxpayer will not issue additional Class E Shares.
Class A Shares will be available to any investor meeting the minimum suitability standards. Class M Shares will be available for purchase in the offering only (i) through fee-based programs, also known as wrap accounts, of investment dealers, (ii) through participating broker-dealers that have alternative fee arrangements with their clients, (iii) through certain registered investment advisors, (iv) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act in a fiduciary capacity for its clients or customers, (v) by endowments, foundations, pension funds and other institutional investors or (iv) by Taxpayers executive officers and directors and their immediate family members, as well as officers and employees of Taxpayers advisor or other affiliates and their immediate family members, and, if approved by the Taxpayers board of directors, joint venture partners, consultants and other service providers.
None of the shares of any class will be listed on a securities exchange. Instead, Class A Shares and Class M Shares will be offered for sale on a daily basis at the net asset value (NAV) for shares of such class plus, with respect to Class A Shares, applicable selling commissions and will be repurchased by Taxpayer at the NAV for such share class. Subject to certain limitations, the share repurchase plan is intended to allow holders of Class A Shares and Class M Shares to request that Taxpayer
| PLR-150004-11 | 4 |
repurchase their shares in an amount up to approximately l% of Taxpayers NAV per year after such shares have been outstanding for at least one year. In addition, until Taxpayers total NAV has first reached $J, repurchases of shares of all classes in the aggregate may not exceed K% of the gross proceeds Taxpayer receives from the commencement of the Public Offering through the last day of the prior calendar quarter.
Class E Shares are not eligible for repurchase but will automatically convert to Class M Shares one year after the offering commencement date for the Class A and Class M Shares. After the Class E Shares convert to Class M Shares, they will be eligible for repurchase, subject to the one year waiting period.
Class A Shares will be subject to a selling commission (Selling Commission) of L%, to the extent not otherwise waived or reduced and paid directly by the shareholder, in addition to the NAV for such shares. No Selling Commission will be charged with respect to the Class M Shares. Given that no new Class E Shares will be offered in the Public Offering, no Selling Commission will be charged with respect to the Class E Shares.
The distribution fee (Distribution Fee) paid to Dealer Manager compensates broker-dealers for distribution services relating to Class A Shares and may be reallowed to participating broker-dealers selling Class A Shares. Class A Shares will be allocated Distribution Fees, which are a daily accrual of M of N% of the NAV of the Class A Shares for such day. No Distribution Fees will be paid with respect to, or allocated to, the Class M Shares. Given that no new Class E Shares will be offered in the Public Offering, no Distribution Fees will be paid with respect to the Class E Shares.
The dealer manager fee (Dealer Manager Fee) is paid to the dealer manager in consideration of the distribution, marketing and stockholder services the dealer manager provides to Taxpayer in connection with the continuous offerings. A portion of the Dealer Manager Fee may be reallowed to participating broker-dealers as payment to the participating broker-dealers based on certain asset thresholds of shares under management, to compensate the participating broker-dealers for their role in distributing and marketing Taxpayers shares and for providing services to those stockholders who invest through that particular broker-dealer, thus saving the dealer manager that expense. Class A Shares and Class M Shares will be allocated dealer manager fees calculated at the same rate, which are a daily accrual of M of 0% of the NAV of the share class for such day. Given that no new Class E Shares will be offered, no Dealer Manager Fees will be paid with respect to, or allocated to, Class E Shares.
The advisory fee (Advisory Fee) is paid to Advisor for implementing Taxpayers investment strategy and managing its day-to-day operations. There are two components of the Advisory Fee. The fixed component is allocated to all classes, which is a daily accrual of M of P% of the NAV of the share class for such day. The performance component is determined with respect to each class applying the same formula, i.e., if the total return for a particular class for a particular year exceeds Q%, the Advisor will be paid R% of such excess. Class-specific expenses may cause a performance fee to be payable with respect to some but not all classes in a given year.
| PLR-150004-11 | 5 |
Each share class may be allocated and pay a different share of fees and expenses (such as transfer agent fees and any other class-specific fees and expenses disclosed in a supplement or amendment to the Registration Statement and incorporated into Taxpayers charter by reference) that are actually incurred in different amounts for each class of shares, but there will be no class-specific fees and expenses related to the management of Taxpayers assets. Each class of shares may have a different NAV per share because of the differing allocations of class-specific expenses. Such allocations will also result in different amounts of distributions being paid with respect to shares of different classes. All other fees and expenses, i.e., non-class specific fees and expenses, will be allocated to all classes of shares based on relative class NAVs.
LAW AND ANALYSIS
Section 857(a)(1) of the Code requires, in part, that a REITs deduction for dividends paid for a tax year (as defined in section 561, but determined without regard to capital gains dividends) equal or exceed 90% of its REIT taxable income for the tax year (determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and by excluding any net capital gain).
Section 561(a) defines the deduction for dividends paid, for purposes of section 857, to include dividends paid during the taxable year.
Section 561(b) applies the rules of section 562 for determining which dividends are eligible for the deduction for dividends paid under section 561(a).
Section 562(c) provides that the amount of any distribution will not be considered as a dividend for purposes of computing the dividends paid deduction under section 561 unless the distribution is pro rata. The distribution must not prefer any shares of stock of a class over other shares of stock of that same class. The distribution must not prefer one class of stock over another class except to the extent that one class is entitled (without reference to waivers of their rights by stockholders) to that preference. Section 1.562-2 of the Income Tax Regulations provides that a corporation will not be entitled to a deduction for dividends paid with respect to any distribution upon a class of stock if there is distributed to any shareholder of such class (in proportion to the number of shares held by him) more or less than his pro rata part of the distribution as compared with the distribution made to any other shareholder of the same class. Nor will a corporation be entitled to a deduction for dividends paid in the case of any distribution upon a class of stock if there is distributed upon such class of stock more or less than the amount to which it is entitled as compared with any other class of stock. A preference exists if any rights to preference inherent in any class of stock are violated. The disallowance, where any preference in fact exists, extends to the entire amount of the distribution and not merely to a part of such distribution.
| PLR-150004-11 | 6 |
Accordingly, based on the above facts and circumstances, we conclude that the differences in distributions on the three classes of shares of common stock attributable to different fee and class-specific expense allocations, including different performance fees determined through application of the same performance fee formula, will not result in such distributions being treated as preferential dividends within the meaning of section 562(c) of the Code, and, therefore, Taxpayer will be entitled to deduct all dividends that it pays to its stockholders pursuant to sections 561(a) and 857, provided Taxpayer otherwise meets the conditions of those sections. Furthermore, the adoption of the three classes of common stock with different fee and class-specific expense allocations described above will not affect the qualification of Taxpayer as a REIT.
Except as specifically ruled upon above, no opinion is expressed concerning any federal income tax consequences relating to the facts herein under any other provision of the Code. Specifically, we do not rule whether Taxpayer otherwise qualifies as a REIT under part II of subchapter M of Chapter 1 of the Code. Furthermore, no opinion is expressed concerning the accuracy of the NAV of Taxpayers stock for purposes of subchapter M.
This ruling is directed only to the taxpayer requesting it. Taxpayer should attach a copy of this ruling to each tax return to which it applies. Section 6110(k)(3) of the Code provides that this ruling may not be used or cited as precedent.
In accordance with the Power of Attorney on file with this office, a copy of this letter is being sent to your authorized representative.
| Sincerely, |
| / S / D IANA I MHOLTZ |
| Diana Imholtz |
| Branch Chief, Branch 1 |
| (Financial Institutions & Products) |
Exhibit 10.1
FORM OF FIRST AMENDED AND RESTATED ADVISORY AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
JONES LANG LASALLE INCOME PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
AND
LASALLE INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
1. |
Definitions | 1 | ||||
|
2. |
Appointment | 6 | ||||
|
3. |
Duties of the Advisor | 6 | ||||
|
4. |
Authority of Advisor | 9 | ||||
|
5. |
Sub-Advisors | 10 | ||||
|
6. |
Bank Accounts | 10 | ||||
|
7. |
Records; Access | 10 | ||||
|
8. |
Limitations on Activities | 10 | ||||
|
9. |
Relationship with Directors | 11 | ||||
|
10. |
Advisory Fee | 11 | ||||
|
11. |
Expenses | 12 | ||||
|
12. |
Other Services | 14 | ||||
|
13. |
Reimbursement to the Advisor | 14 | ||||
|
14. |
Other Activities of the Advisor | 14 | ||||
|
15. |
Relationship of the Parties | 15 | ||||
|
17. |
Term of Agreement | 15 | ||||
|
18. |
Termination by the Parties | 15 | ||||
|
19. |
Assignment to an Affiliate | 15 | ||||
|
20. |
Payments to and Duties of Advisor Upon Termination | 16 | ||||
|
21. |
Indemnification by the Company | 16 | ||||
|
22. |
Indemnification by Advisor | 16 | ||||
|
23. |
Non-Solicitation | 16 | ||||
|
24. |
Miscellaneous | 17 |
i
FORM OF FIRST AMENDED AND RESTATED ADVISORY AGREEMENT
THIS FIRST AMENDED AND RESTATED ADVISORY AGREEMENT (this Agreement ), dated as of [__], 2012 and effective on the Effective Date, is by and between Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc., formerly Excelsior LaSalle Property Fund, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the Company ), and LaSalle Investment Management, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the Advisor and together with the Company, the Parties ). Capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in Section 1 below.
W I T N E S S E T H
WHEREAS, the Company, the Advisor and U.S. Trust Company, N.A., entered into that certain Investment Advisory Agreement (the Investment Advisory Agreement ) dated December 23, 2004, as amended on September 15, 2005 and assigned by U.S. Trust Company, N.A. to UST Advisers, Inc., a predecessor to Bank of America Capital Advisors LLC (the Prior Manager ), pursuant to which the Advisor provides certain investment advisory services to the Fund;
WHEREAS, the Company and the Prior Manager entered into that certain Amended and Restated Management Agreement dated June 19, 2007, as amended on December 4, 2009 (the Management Agreement ), pursuant to which the Prior Manager managed the day-to-day activities of the Fund;
WHEREAS, pursuant to that certain Assignment and Amendment Agreement dated November 14, 2011 by and among the Company, the Advisor and the Prior Manager (the Assignment and Amendment Agreement ), the Prior Manager assigned to the Advisor, and the Advisor assumed, all of the Prior Managers duties, obligations, liabilities and rights under the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Management Agreement; and
WHEREAS, in contemplation of a public offering of two new classes of shares of the Companys common stock at prices that will fluctuate from day-to-day and, on any given day, will be based on the net asset value of the class of shares being offered, the Parties now desire to amend and restate the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Management Agreement pursuant to the terms hereof.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the Parties agree as follows:
1. DEFINITIONS. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the definitions hereinafter indicated:
Acquisition Expenses . Any and all expenses incurred by the Company, the Advisor, or any of their Affiliates in connection with the selection, acquisition, origination, making or development of any Investments, whether or not acquired, including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses, travel and communications expenses, costs of appraisals, nonrefundable option payments on property not acquired, accounting fees and expenses, title insurance premiums, and the costs of performing due diligence.
Advisor . LaSalle Investment Management, Inc., a Maryland corporation, any successor advisor to the Company or any Person to which LaSalle Investment Management, Inc. or any successor advisor subcontracts substantially all of its functions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Person hired or retained by LaSalle Investment Management, Inc. to perform sub-advisory or property management and related services for the Company that is not hired or retained to perform substantially all of the functions of LaSalle Investment Management, Inc. with respect to the Company shall not be deemed to be an Advisor.
- 1 -
Advisory Fee . The fee payable to the Advisor pursuant to Section 10.
Affiliate or Affiliated . With respect to any Person, (i) any Person directly or indirectly owning, controlling or holding, with the power to vote, 10.0% or more of the outstanding voting securities of such other Person; (ii) any Person 10.0% or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled or held, with the power to vote, by such other Person; (iii) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such other Person; (iv) any executive officer, director, trustee or general partner of such other Person; and (v) any legal entity for which such Person acts as an executive officer, director, trustee or general partner.
Affiliated Director . A Director who is also a director, manager, officer or employee of the Advisor or an Affiliate of the Advisor or any corporate parent of an Affiliate.
Annual Total Return . As further described in Section 10, the investment return provided to Stockholders, which shall be calculated independently for the Class A Shares, the Class E Shares and the Class M Shares, and shall be equal to, for all such Shares outstanding during the calendar year (or such other applicable period), (i) Distributions declared and accrued per Class A Share, Class E Share or Class M Share over the calendar year (or such other applicable period) plus (ii) any change in Class A NAV per Class A Share, Class E NAV per Class E Share or Class M NAV per Class M Share over the calendar year (or such other applicable period).
Articles of Incorporation . The Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as amended from time to time.
Average Invested Assets . For a specified period, the average of the aggregate book value of the assets of the Company invested, directly or indirectly, in Investments before deducting depreciation, bad debts or other non-cash reserves, computed by taking the average of such values at the end of each month during such period.
Board . The board of directors of the Company, as of any particular time.
Business Day . Any day on which the New York Stock Exchange is open for unrestricted trading.
Bylaws . The bylaws of the Company, as the same are in effect from time to time.
Cause . With respect to the termination of this Agreement, fraud, criminal conduct, willful misconduct or willful or negligent breach of fiduciary duty by the Advisor in connection with performing its duties hereunder.
Class A NAV . The portion of the NAV allocable to Class A Shares, calculated pursuant to the Valuation Guidelines.
Class A Shares . Shares of the Companys $0.01 par value common stock that have been designated as Class A.
Class A Stockholders . The registered holders of the Class A Shares.
Class E NAV . The portion of the NAV allocable to Class E Shares, calculated pursuant to the Valuation Guidelines; provided, however, that until the Registration Statement is declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Class E NAV will be calculated in accordance with past practices and will not be calculated on a daily basis.
- 2 -
Class E Shares . Shares of the Companys $0.01 par value common stock that have been designated as Class E; provided, however, that until the Registration Statement is declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Class E Shares shall mean the issued, unclassified shares of the Companys $0.01 par value common stock.
Class E Stockholders . The registered holders of the Class E Shares.
Class M NAV . The portion of the NAV allocable to Class M Shares, calculated pursuant to the Valuation Guidelines.
Class M Shares . Shares of the Companys $0.01 par value common stock that have been designated as Class M.
Class M Stockholders . The registered holders of the Class M Shares.
Code . Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto. Reference to any provision of the Code shall mean such provision as in effect from time to time, as the same may be amended, and any successor provision thereto, as interpreted by any applicable regulations as in effect from time to time.
Company . Company shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble of this Agreement.
Dealer Manager . LaSalle Investment Management Distributors, LLC, or such other Person or entity selected by the Board to act as the dealer manager for the Offering.
Dealer Manager Fee . The dealer manager fee payable to the Dealer Manager as described in the Prospectus.
Director . A member of the Board.
Distribution Fee . The distribution fee payable to the Dealer Manager with respect to the Class A Shares and reallowable to Participating Broker-Dealers with respect to Class A Shares sold by them as described in the Prospectus.
Distributions . Any distributions of money or other property by the Company to owners of Shares, including distributions that may constitute a return of capital for federal income tax purposes.
Effective Date . The date the Registration Statement is declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Excess Amount . Excess Amount shall have the meaning set forth in Section 13.
Expense Year . Expense Year shall have the meaning set forth in Section 13.
Fixed Component . The non-variable component of the Advisory Fee as described in Section 10(b).
GAAP . Generally accepted accounting principles as in effect in the United States of America from time to time.
Gross Proceeds . The aggregate purchase price of all Shares sold for the account of the Company through all Offerings, without deduction for Selling Commissions, volume discounts, any due diligence
- 3 -
expense reimbursement or Organization and Offering Expenses. For the purpose of computing Gross Proceeds from the sale of Class A Shares, the purchase price of any Class A Share for which reduced Selling Commissions are paid to the Dealer Manager or a Participating Broker-Dealer (where net proceeds to the Company are not reduced) shall be deemed to be the full amount of the offering price per Class A Share pursuant to the Prospectus for such Offering without reduction.
Indemnitee . Indemnitee and Indemnitees shall have the meaning set forth in Section 20 herein.
Independent Director . Independent Director shall have the meaning set forth in the Articles of Incorporation.
Independent Valuation Advisor . A firm that is (i) engaged to a substantial degree in the business of conducting appraisals on commercial real estate properties, (ii) not Affiliated with the Advisor and (iii) engaged by the Company with the approval of the Board to appraise the Real Properties pursuant to the Valuation Guidelines.
Investment Company Act . The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
Investment Guidelines . The investment guidelines adopted by the Board, as amended from time to time, pursuant to which the Advisor has discretion to acquire and dispose of Investments for the Company without the prior approval of the Board.
Investments . Any investments by the Company in Real Property and Real Estate Related Assets.
Joint Ventures . The joint venture or partnership arrangements (including in the form of limited liability companies) in which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a co-venturer, general partner, limited partner or otherwise which are established to acquire Real Properties.
Loans . Any indebtedness or obligations in respect of borrowed money or evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures, deeds of trust, letters of credit or similar instruments, including mortgages and mezzanine loans.
NASAA REIT Guidelines . The Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts published by the North American Securities Administrators Association on May 7, 2007, as may be amended from time to time.
NAV . The Companys net asset value, calculated pursuant to the Valuation Guidelines; provided, however, that until the Registration Statement is declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission, the NAV will be calculated in accordance with past practices and will not be calculated on a daily basis.
Net Income . For any period, the Companys total revenues applicable to such period, less the total expenses applicable to such period other than additions to reserves for depreciation, bad debts or other similar non-cash reserves and excluding any gain from the sale of the Companys assets.
Offering . The public offering of Shares pursuant to a Prospectus.
Organizational and Offering Expenses . All expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Company in connection with and in preparing the Company for registration of, and subsequently offering and distributing to the public, its Shares, whether incurred before or after the date of this Agreement, which may include but are not limited to: total underwriting and brokerage discounts and commissions including
- 4 -
fees of the underwriters attorneys; expenses for printing, engraving and mailing; salaries of employees while engaged in sales activity; telephone and other telecommunications costs; all advertising and marketing expenses (including the costs related to investor and broker-dealer sales meetings); charges of transfer agents, registrars, trustees, escrow holders, depositories and experts; and fees, expenses and taxes related to the filing, registration and qualification of the sale of the Shares under federal and state laws, including accountants and attorneys fees and expenses.
Participating Broker-Dealers . Broker-dealers who are members of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., or that are exempt from broker-dealer registration, and who, in either case, have executed participating broker-dealer or other agreements with the Dealer Manager to sell Shares in an Offering.
Performance Component . The variable component of the Advisory Fee as described in Section 10(b).
Person . An individual, corporation, partnership, trust, joint venture, limited liability company or other entity.
Primary Offering . The portion of an Offering other than the Shares offered pursuant to the Companys distribution reinvestment plan.
Priority Return Percentage . Priority Return Percentage has the meaning set forth in Section 10(c).
Prospectus . A Prospectus under Section 2(10) of the Securities Act, including a preliminary Prospectus, an offering circular as described in Rule 253 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Act or, in the case of an intrastate offering, any document by whatever name known, utilized for the purpose of offering and selling securities to the public in the Offering.
Real Estate Related Assets . Any investments, directly or indirectly, by the Company in interests in real property of whatever nature, including, but not limited to (i) mortgage, mezzanine, bridge and other loans on Real Property, (ii) equity securities or interests in corporations, limited liability companies, partnerships and other joint ventures having an equity interest in real property, real estate investment trusts, ground leases, tenant-in-common interests, participating mortgages, convertible mortgages or other debt instruments convertible into equity interests in real property by the terms thereof, options to purchase real estate, real property purchase-an-leaseback transactions and other transactions and investments with respect to real estate, and (iii) debt securities such as collateralized mortgage backed securities, commercial mortgages and other debt securities.
Real Property . Real property owned from time to time by the Company or a subsidiary thereof, either directly or through Joint Ventures, which consists of (i) land only, (ii) land, including the buildings located thereon, (iii) buildings only or (iv) such investments the Board and the Advisor mutually designate as Real Property to the extent such investments could be classified as Real Property.
Registration Statement . The registration statement on Form S-11, as may be amended from time to time, of the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission related to the registration of the Shares for the Companys initial Offering.
REIT . A real estate investment trust under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code or as may be amended.
- 5 -
Related Party . With respect to any Person, any other Person whose ownership of Shares would be attributed to the first such Person under Code Section 544 (as modified by Code Section 856(h)(1)(B)).
Securities Act . The Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Selling Commission . That percentage of Gross Proceeds from the sale of Class A Shares in the Primary Offering payable to the Dealer Manager and reallowable to Participating Broker-Dealers with respect to Class A Shares sold by them as described in the Prospectus.
Shares . The Class A Shares, Class E Shares and Class M Shares.
Stockholders . The Class A Stockholders, Class E Stockholders and Class M Stockholders.
Sub-Advisor . Sub-Advisor and Sub-Advisors shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.
Termination Date . The date of termination of this Agreement or expiration of this Agreement in the event this Agreement is not renewed for an additional term.
Total Operating Expenses . All costs and expenses paid or incurred by the Company, as determined under GAAP, that are in any way related to the operation of the Company or its business, including the Advisory Fee, but excluding (i) the expenses of raising capital such as Organization and Offering Expenses, legal, audit, accounting, underwriting, brokerage, listing, registration, and other fees, printing and other such expenses and taxes incurred in connection with the issuance, distribution, transfer and registration of securities, (ii) interest payments, (iii) taxes, (iv) non-cash expenditures such as depreciation, amortization and bad debt reserves, (v) incentive fees paid in compliance with the NASAA REIT Guidelines; (vi) acquisition fees and Acquisition Expenses, (vii) real estate commissions on the sale of Real Property, and (viii) other fees and expenses connected with the acquisition, disposition, management and ownership of real estate interests, mortgages or other property (including the costs of foreclosure, insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance, repair, and improvement of property). The definition of Total Operating Expenses set forth above is intended to encompass only those expenses which are required to be treated as Total Operating Expenses under the NASAA REIT Guidelines. As a result, and notwithstanding the definition set forth above, any expense of the Company which is not part of Total Operating Expenses under the NASAA REIT Guidelines shall not be treated as part of Total Operating Expenses for purposes hereof.
2%/25% Guidelines . 2%/25% Guidelines shall have the meaning set forth in Section 13.
Valuation Guidelines . The valuation guidelines adopted by the Board, as amended from time to time.
2. APPOINTMENT. The Company hereby appoints the Advisor to serve as its advisor on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, and the Advisor hereby accepts such appointment.
3. DUTIES OF THE ADVISOR. The Advisor undertakes to use its commercially reasonable efforts to manage the day-to-day operations of the Companys business, present to the Company potential investment opportunities, and provide the Company with a continuing and suitable investment program consistent with the investment objectives and policies of the Company as determined and adopted from time to time by the Board. In performance of this undertaking, subject to the supervision of the Board and consistent with the provisions of the Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, the Advisor shall, either directly or indirectly by engaging an Affiliate or a third party:
- 6 -
(a) serve as the Companys investment and financial advisor and provide research and economic and statistical data in connection with the Companys Investments and investment policies;
(b) provide the daily management for the Company and perform and supervise the various administrative functions reasonably necessary for the management of the Company, including the collection of revenues and the payment of the Companys debts and obligations; maintenance of appropriate computer services to perform such administrative functions; maintaining the Companys books and records; and organizing meetings of the Board;
(c) recommend to the Company the proper allocation of the Companys Investments between (i) Real Property, (ii) Real Estate Related Assets, and (iii) cash and cash equivalents and other short-term investments;
(d) consult with the officers and Directors of the Company and assist the Directors in the formulation and implementation of the Companys financial, investment, valuation and other policies;
(e) subject to the provisions of Section 4 hereof, (i) to the extent within the Advisors authority as set forth in the Investment Guidelines, identify, analyze and complete acquisitions and dispositions of Investments; (ii) to the extent outside the Advisors authority as set forth in the Investment Guidelines, identify, analyze and recommend acquisitions and dispositions of Investments to the Board and complete such transactions on behalf of the Company in accordance with the direction of the Board; (iii) structure and negotiate the terms and conditions of transactions pursuant to which acquisitions and dispositions of Investments will be made; (iv) arrange for financing and refinancing and make other changes in the asset or capital structure of, and dispose of, reinvest the proceeds from the sale of, or otherwise deal with, Investments; (v) enter into leases and service contracts for Investments and, to the extent necessary, perform all other operational functions for the maintenance and administration of such Investments; (vi) actively oversee and manage Investments for purposes of meeting the Companys investment objectives; (vii) select Joint Venture partners, structure corresponding agreements and oversee and monitor these relationships; (viii) oversee Affiliated and non-Affiliated property managers who perform services for the Company; (ix) oversee Affiliated and non-Affiliated Persons with whom the Advisor contracts to perform certain of the services required to be performed under this Agreement; and (x) manage accounting and other record-keeping functions for the Company;
(f) arrange and secure on behalf of the Company with banks or lenders for Loans to be made to the Company, but in no event in such a way so that the Advisor shall be acting as broker-dealer or underwriter; and provided, further, that any fees and costs payable to third parties incurred by the Advisor in connection with the foregoing shall be the responsibility of the Company;
(g) monitor the operating performance of the Investments and provide periodic reports with respect thereto to the Board, including comparative information with respect to such operating performance and budgeted or projected operating results;
(h) from time to time, or at any time reasonably requested by the Directors, make reports to the Directors of its performance of services to the Company under this Agreement, including reports with respect to potential conflicts of interest involving the Advisor or any of its Affiliates;
(i) calculate, at the end of each Business Day, the Class A NAV, Class E NAV and Class M NAV as provided in the Valuation Guidelines, and in connection therewith, obtain appraisals performed by an Independent Valuation Advisor concerning the value of the Real Properties;
- 7 -
(j) deliver to, or maintain for a period of time in accordance with the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended and the rules and regulation promulgated thereunder, on behalf of, the Company copies of all appraisals obtained in connection with the investments in any Real Property;
(k) provide the Company with all necessary cash management services;
(l) arrange, negotiate, coordinate and manage operations of any Joint Venture interests held by the Company and conduct all matters with any Joint Venture partners;
(m) communicate on the Companys behalf with the respective holders of any of the Companys equity or debt securities as required to satisfy the reporting and other requirements of any governmental bodies or agencies and to maintain effective relations with such holders, and related thereto provide copy writing, creative management, project management and print production management;
(n) evaluate and recommend to the Board hedging strategies and modifications thereto in effect and cause the Company to engage in overall hedging strategies consistent with the Companys status as a REIT and with the Companys investment policies approved by the Board;
(o) advise the Company regarding the maintenance of the Companys exemption from the Investment Company Act and monitor compliance with the requirements for maintaining an exemption from such Act;
(p) advise the Company regarding the maintenance of the Companys status as a REIT and monitor compliance with the various REIT qualification tests and other rules set out in the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder;
(q) invest or reinvest any money of the Company (including investing in short-term investments pending investment in long-term Investments, payment of fees, costs and expenses, or payments of distributions to the Stockholders), and advise the Company as to the Companys respective capital structure and capital raising;
(r) investigate, select, and, on behalf of the Company, engage and conduct business with such Persons as the Advisor deems necessary to the proper performance of its obligations hereunder, including but not limited to consultants, accountants, correspondents, lenders, technical advisors, attorneys, brokers, underwriters, corporate fiduciaries, escrow agents, depositaries, custodians, agents for collection, insurers, insurance agents, banks, builders, developers, property owners, real estate management companies, real estate operating companies, securities investment advisors, mortgagors, and any and all agents for any of the foregoing, including Affiliates of the Advisor, and Persons acting in any other capacity deemed by the Advisor necessary or desirable for the performance of any of the foregoing services, including, but not limited to, entering into contracts in the name of the Company with any of the foregoing;
(s) cause the Company to retain qualified accountants and legal counsel, as applicable, to assist in developing appropriate accounting procedures, compliance procedures and testing systems with respect to financial reporting obligations and compliance with the REIT provisions of the Code and to conduct compliance reviews thereto, as required;
(t) cause the Company to qualify to do business in all applicable jurisdictions and to obtain and maintain all appropriate licenses;
(u) assist the Company in maintaining the registration of the Shares under federal and state securities laws and complying with all federal, state and local regulatory requirements applicable to the
- 8 -
Company in respect of the Offering and the Companys business activities (including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended), including preparing or causing to be prepared all supplements to the Prospectus, post-effective amendments to the registration statement for any Offering and financial statements required under applicable regulations and contractual undertakings and all reports and documents, if any, required under the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended;
(v) take all necessary actions to enable the Company to make required tax filings and reports, including soliciting Stockholders for required information to the extent provided by the REIT provisions of the Code;
(w) handle and resolve all claims, disputes or controversies (including all litigation, arbitration, settlement or other proceedings or negotiations) in which the Company may be involved or to which the Company may be subject, arising out of the Companys day-to-day operations, subject to such limitations or parameters as may be imposed from time to time by the Board;
(x) use commercially reasonable efforts to cause expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Company to be reasonable or customary and within any budgeted parameters or expense guidelines set by the Board from time to time;
(y) supervise one or more Independent Valuation Advisors and, if and when necessary, recommend to the Board its replacement;
(z) assist the Dealer Manager administratively with the selection process, implementation and training of Participating Broker-Dealers and facilitate the ongoing due diligence review of the Company and the Offering conducted by Participating Broker-Dealers;
(aa) establish and manage ongoing operational and administrative processes for the Company, including engaging and negotiating contract terms with and supervising the performance by vendors of transfer agent services, call center and investor relations services, distribution payment processing, stockholder tax reporting, proxy voting, information technology requirements and reporting to Participating Broker-Dealers;
(bb) develop marketing materials for the Company and the Offering;
(cc) assist in permissible public relations activities relating to the Company, including but not limited to the (i) development and administration of press releases, (ii) media relations, (iii) media coverage and by-lined articles, and (iv) subject to principal approval of the Dealer Manager and regulatory approvals, if required, the development and maintenance of a Company website to provide access for investors to financial reporting, financial advisor access to sales materials, and general information relating to the Company, such as filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and informational presentations;
(dd) assist in the administration of the Companys distribution reinvestment plan, Share transfers, Share redemptions and all exception requests;
(ee) arrange for the provision of data and customary information resources to interested parties such as custodians, trust departments, third-party reporting services and registered investment advisor platforms;
(ff) provide and administer all back office administrative services that may be required for the day-to-day operations of the Company;
(gg) perform such other services as may be required from time to time for the management and other activities relating to the Companys respective business and assets as the Board shall reasonably request or the Advisor shall deem appropriate under the particular circumstances; and
(hh) use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Company to comply with all applicable laws.
4. AUTHORITY OF ADVISOR.
(a) Pursuant to the terms of this Agreement (including the restrictions included in this Section 4 and in Section 8), and subject to the continuing and exclusive authority of the Board over the management of the Company, the Board (by virtue of its approval of this Agreement and authorization of the execution hereof by the officers of the Company) hereby delegates to the Advisor the authority to take, or cause to be taken, any and all actions and to execute and deliver any and all agreements, certificates, assignments, instruments or other documents and to do any and all things that, in the judgment of the Advisor, may be necessary or advisable in connection with the Advisors duties described in Section 3, including the making of any Investment that fits within the Companys investment objectives, strategy and guidelines, policies and limitations as described in the Companys Prospectus and within the discretionary limits and authority as granted to the Advisor from time to time by the Board.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, any investment in an Investment that does not fit within the Investment Guidelines will require the prior approval of the Board or any duly authorized committee of the Board, as the case may be.
(c) If a transaction requires approval by the Directors, the Advisor will deliver to the Directors all documents and other information required by them to properly evaluate the proposed transaction.
- 9 -
(d) The prior approval of a majority of the Independent Directors not otherwise interested in the transaction and a majority of the Directors not otherwise interested in the transaction will be required for each transaction to which the Advisor or its Affiliates is a party.
(e) The Board may, at any time upon the giving of notice to the Advisor, amend the Investment Guidelines or modify or revoke the authority set forth in this Section 4; provided, however, that such modification or revocation shall be effective upon receipt by the Advisor and shall not be applicable to investment transactions to which the Advisor has committed the Company prior to the date of receipt by the Advisor of such notification.
5. SUB-ADVISORS. The Advisor is hereby authorized to enter into one or more sub-advisory agreements with other investment advisors, including any Affiliate of the Advisor (each, a Sub-Advisor ), pursuant to which the Advisor may obtain the services of the Sub-Advisor(s) to assist the Advisor in fulfilling any of its responsibilities set forth under Sections 3(e) and 3(g) hereunder, subject to the oversight of the Advisor and the Board.
(a) The Advisor and not the Company shall be responsible for any compensation payable to any Sub-Advisor. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall reimburse the Advisor for any expenses properly incurred by the Sub-Advisor, to the extent such expenses would be reimbursable if incurred by the Advisor pursuant to the terms of Section 11 hereof, in order for the Advisor to timely reimburse the Sub-Advisor for such out-of-pocket costs.
(b) Any sub-advisory agreement entered into by the Advisor shall be in accordance with the requirements of the Articles of Incorporation and other applicable federal and state law.
6. BANK ACCOUNTS. The Advisor may establish and maintain one or more bank accounts in the name of the Company and may collect and deposit into any such account or accounts, and disburse from any such account or accounts, any money on behalf of the Company, under such terms and conditions as the Directors may approve, provided that no funds shall be commingled with the funds of the Advisor; and the Advisor shall from time to time render appropriate accountings of such collections and payments to the Directors and to the auditors of the Company, as applicable.
7. RECORDS; ACCESS. The Advisor shall maintain appropriate records of all its activities hereunder and make such records available for inspection by the Directors and by counsel, auditors and authorized agents of the Company, at any time or from time to time during normal business hours. The Advisor shall at all reasonable times have access to the books and records of the Company.
8. LIMITATIONS ON ACTIVITIES. Anything else in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, the Advisor shall refrain from taking any action which, in its sole judgment made in good faith, would (a) adversely affect the status of the Company as a REIT, (b) subject the Company to regulation under the Investment Company Act, or (c) violate any law, rule, regulation or statement of policy of any governmental body or agency having jurisdiction over the Company or its Shares, or otherwise not be permitted by the Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Company, except if such action shall be ordered by the Directors, in which case the Advisor shall notify promptly the Directors of the Advisors judgment of the potential impact of such action and shall refrain from taking such action until it receives further clarification or instructions from the Directors. In such event, the Advisor shall have no liability for acting in accordance with the specific instructions of the Directors so given. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Advisor, its directors, officers, employees and members, and partners, directors, officers, members and stockholders of the Advisors Affiliates shall not be liable to the Company or to the Directors or Stockholders for any act or omission by the Advisor, its directors, officers, employees, or members, and partners, directors, officers, members or stockholders of the Advisors Affiliates taken or omitted to be taken in the performance of their duties under this Agreement except as provided in Section 21 of this Agreement.
- 10 -
9. RELATIONSHIP WITH DIRECTORS. Subject to Section 8 of this Agreement and to restrictions advisable with respect to the qualification of the Company as a REIT, directors, managers, officers and employees of the Advisor or an Affiliate of the Advisor or any corporate parent of an Affiliate, may serve as a Director or officer of the Company, except that no director, officer or employee of the Advisor or its Affiliates who also is a Director or officer of the Company shall receive any compensation from the Company for serving as a Director or officer other than (a) reasonable reimbursement for travel and related expenses incurred in attending meetings of the Directors or (b) as otherwise approved by the Board, including a majority of the Independent Directors, and no such Director shall be deemed an Independent Director for purposes of satisfying the Director independence requirement set forth in the Articles of Incorporation. For so long as this Agreement is in effect, the Advisor shall have the right to nominate, subject to the approval of such nomination by the Board, three Affiliated Directors to the slate of Directors to be voted on by the stockholders at the Companys annual meeting of stockholders; provided, however, that such number of director nominees shall be reduced as necessary by a number that will result in a majority of the Directors being Independent Directors. Furthermore, the Board shall consult with the Advisor in connection with (i) its selection of each Independent Director for nomination to the slate of Directors to be voted on at the annual meeting of stockholders, and (ii) filling any vacancies created by the removal, resignation, retirement or death of any Director.
10. ADVISORY FEE.
(a) The Advisor is not entitled to acquisition, disposition or financing fees.
(b) The Advisor shall receive the Advisory Fee as compensation for services rendered hereunder. The Advisory Fee will be comprised of two separate components: (1) a fixed component in an amount equal to 1/365 th of 1.25% of NAV for each day (the Fixed Component ); and (2) a performance component (the Performance Component ) that is paid annually and calculated based on the Annual Total Return allocable to each class of shares of the Companys common stock.
(c) The Performance Component will not be paid with respect to the Class A Shares, the Class E Shares or the Class M Shares, each of which is evaluated independently when calculating the Performance Component, for any calendar year in which the Annual Total Return allocable to the applicable class expressed as a percentage is less than or equal to 7.0% (the Priority Return Percentage ). For each class, the dollar amount of the Performance Component will equal 10.0% of the difference between (i) the Annual Total Return allocable to Class A Shares, Class E Shares or Class M Shares, as applicable, and (ii) the amount required to provide Class A Stockholders, Class E Stockholders or Class M Stockholders, as applicable, an Annual Total Return equal to the Priority Return Percentage. In the event Class A NAV per share, Class E NAV per share or Class M NAV per share decreases below $10.00 on any day during the measurement period, subject to adjustment pursuant to any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization, or other similar change in the capital structure of the Company, any subsequent increase in such NAV per share to $10.00 (or such other adjusted number) shall not be included in the calculation of the Performance Component with respect to that class. If the Performance Component is payable with respect to Class A Shares, Class E Shares or Class M Shares pursuant to this Section 10(c), the Advisor will be entitled to such payment even in the event that the Annual Total Return to Class A Stockholders, Class E Stockholders or Class M Stockholders, as applicable (or any particular Stockholder), expressed as a percentage on a cumulative basis over any longer or shorter period has been less than the Priority Return Percentage. The Advisor shall not be obligated to return any portion of any Advisory Fee paid based on the Companys subsequent performance. The Performance Component may be earned in a given period for one or more of the Companys classes of common stock.
- 11 -
(d) The Advisor shall, on a daily basis, (i) accrue a liability reserve account equal to the amount due for both the Fixed Component and the Performance Component, such accrual to be reflected in the NAV per share calculations for such day; and (ii) calculate the Annual Total Return allocable to Class A Shares, Class E Shares and Class M Shares, prorated as of the end of such day and, based on such calculation, adjust the balance of liability reserve accrual to reflect the estimated amount due on account of the Performance Component.
(e) The Advisory Fee will accrue daily and is payable in cash. The Fixed Component is payable monthly in arrears (after the close of business and NAV calculations for the last Business Day for such month). The Performance Component is payable promptly after the audited financial statements for each calendar year become available, provided that if this Agreement or its term expires without renewal prior to December 31 of any calendar year, then the Performance Component for such partial year shall be payable promptly after the Company files its unaudited financial statements on Form 10-Q for the quarter that includes the Termination Date. The Performance Component shall be payable for each calendar year in which this Agreement is in effect, even if the Agreement is in effect for less than a full calendar year. In the event this Agreement is terminated or its term expires without renewal, the Advisory Fee will be calculated and due and payable after the calculation of NAV on the Termination Date. If the Advisory Fee is payable with respect to any partial calendar month or calendar year, the Fixed Component will be prorated based on the number of days elapsed during any partial calendar month and the Performance Component will be prorated based on the number of days elapsed during and Annual Total Return achieved for the period of such partial calendar year.
(f) In the event the Company commences a liquidation of its Investments during any calendar year, the Company will pay the Advisor the fixed component of the Advisory Fee from the proceeds of the liquidation and the performance component of the Advisory Fee will be calculated at the end of the liquidation period prior to the distribution of the liquidation proceeds to the Stockholders.
11. EXPENSES.
(a) As required by the NASAA REIT Guidelines, the cumulative Selling Commissions, Dealer Manager Fees, Distribution Fees and Organizational and Offering Expenses paid by the Company will not exceed 15.0% of Gross Proceeds from the sale of Shares in the Primary Offering.
(b) In addition to the compensation paid to the Advisor pursuant to Section 10 hereof, the Company shall pay directly or reimburse the Advisor for all of the expenses paid or incurred by the Advisor in connection with the services it provides to the Company pursuant to this Agreement, including, but not limited to:
(i) Organizational and Offering Expenses; provided that within 60 days after the end of the month in which an Offering terminates, the Advisor shall reimburse the Company to the extent the Organizational and Offering Expenses, Selling Commissions, Dealer Manager Fees and Distribution Fees borne by the Company exceed 15.0% of the Gross Proceeds raised in the completed Offering;
(ii) Acquisition Expenses incurred in connection with the selection and acquisition of Investments, including such expenses incurred related to assets pursued or considered but not ultimately acquired by the Company, subject to limitations set forth in the Articles of Incorporation;
- 12 -
(iii) the actual cost of goods and services used by the Company and obtained from entities not affiliated with the Advisor;
(iv) interest and other costs for borrowed money, including discounts, points and other similar fees;
(v) taxes and assessments on income of the Company or Investments, taxes as an expense of doing business and any other taxes otherwise imposed on the Company and its business, assets or income;
(vi) costs associated with insurance required in connection with the business of the Company or by the Board;
(vii) expenses of managing, improving, developing, operating and selling Investments, whether payable to an Affiliate of the Company or a non-affiliated Person;
(viii) all expenses in connection with payments to the Directors for attending meetings of the Board and Stockholders;
(ix) expenses connected with payments of Distributions in cash or otherwise made or caused to be made by the Company to the Stockholders;
(x) expenses of organizing, redomesticating, merging, liquidating or dissolving the Company or of amending the Articles of Incorporation or the Bylaws;
(xi) expenses incurred in connection with the formation, organization and continuation of any corporation, partnership, joint venture or other entity through which the Companys investments are made or in which any such entity invests;
(xii) expenses of providing services for and maintaining communications with Stockholders, including the cost of updating offering materials and the preparation, printing, and mailing annual reports and other Stockholder reports, proxy statements and other reports required by governmental entities;
(xiii) expenses of all litigation or regulatory proceedings or investigations instituted or threatened against the Company;
(xiv) administrative service expenses, including but not limited to personnel and related employment costs incurred by the Advisor or its Affiliates in performing the services described in Section 3 hereof, including but not limited to reasonable salaries, bonuses and wages, benefits and overhead of all individuals whose primary job function relates to the Companys business, provided that no reimbursement shall be made for costs of such employees of the Advisor or its Affiliates to the extent that such employees perform services for which the Advisor receives a separate fee and provided further that in the event that personnel costs are reimbursed for individuals who serve as executive officers of the Company, the Advisor shall cause the Company to include disclosures of the amount of such costs in its next quarterly or annual report filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission;
(xv) audit, accounting and legal fees and other fees or expenses for professional services relating to the operations of the Company;
- 13 -
(xvi) fees or expenses of third parties for services provided to the Company, including, but not limited to, the services of third party property managers, leasing or brokerage agents, project managers, real estate and mortgage brokers, and architectural, engineering or other consultants or third party service providers engaged by the Advisor to assist it in performing its duties and responsibilities set forth under Section 3 hereof (except for any compensation payable to any Sub-Advisor pursuant to Section 5 hereof); and
(xvii) all such fees incurred at the request, or on behalf of, the Board, the Independent Directors or any committee of the Board.
(c) Expenses incurred by the Advisor on behalf of the Company and payable pursuant to this Section 11 shall be reimbursed no less than monthly to the Advisor. The Advisor shall prepare a statement documenting the expenses of the Company and the calculation of the Advisory Fee during each quarter, and shall deliver such statement to the Company within forty-five (45) days after the end of each quarter.
(d) Organizational and Offering Expenses incurred by the Advisor prior to the Effective Date shall be reimbursed by the Company to the Advisor over 36 months.
12. OTHER SERVICES. Should the Board request that the Advisor or any director, officer or employee thereof render services for the Company other than set forth in Section 3, such services shall be separately compensated at such rates and in such amounts as are agreed by the Advisor and the Independent Directors, subject to the limitations contained in the Articles of Incorporation, and shall not be deemed to be services pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.
13. REIMBURSEMENT TO THE ADVISOR. Commencing with the fourth fiscal quarter following the effective date of the initial Offering, the Company shall not reimburse the Advisor at the end of any fiscal quarter for Total Operating Expenses that in the four consecutive fiscal quarters then ended (the Expense Year ) exceeded (the Excess Amount ) the greater of 2.0% of Average Invested Assets or 25.0% of Net Income (the 2%/25% Guidelines ) for such 12-month period unless the Independent Directors determine that such excess was justified, based on unusual and nonrecurring factors that the Independent Directors deem sufficient. If the Independent Directors do not approve such excess as being so justified, any Excess Amount paid to the Advisor during a fiscal quarter shall be repaid to the Company. If the Independent Directors determine such excess was justified, then, within sixty (60) days after the end of any fiscal quarter of the Company for which total reimbursed Total Operating Expenses for the Expense Year exceed the 2%/25% Guidelines, the Advisor, at the direction of the Independent Directors, shall cause such fact to be disclosed to the Stockholders in writing (or the Company shall disclose such fact to the Stockholders in the next quarterly report of the Company or by filing a Current Report on Form 8-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission within sixty (60) days of such quarter end), together with an explanation of the factors the Independent Directors considered in determining that such excess were justified. The Company will ensure that such determination will be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of the Board. All figures used in the foregoing computations shall be determined in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis.
14. OTHER ACTIVITIES OF THE ADVISOR.
(a) Relationship . Nothing herein contained shall prevent the Advisor or any of its Affiliates from engaging in or earning fees from other activities, including, without limitation, the rendering of advice to other Persons (including other REITs) and the management of other programs advised, sponsored or organized by the Advisor or its Affiliates; nor shall this Agreement limit or restrict the right of any director, officer, member, partner, employee, or stockholder of the Advisor or its Affiliates to
- 14 -
engage in or earn fees from any other business or to render services of any kind to any other partnership, corporation, firm, individual, trust or association and earn fees for rendering such services. The Advisor may, with respect to any investment in which the Company is a participant, also render advice and service to each and every other participant therein, and earn fees for rendering such advice and service. Specifically, it is contemplated that the Company may enter into joint ventures or other similar co-investment arrangements with certain Persons, and pursuant to the agreements governing such joint ventures or arrangements, the Advisor may be engaged to provide advice and service to such Persons, in which case the Advisor will earn fees for rendering such advice and service.
(b) Time Commitment . The Advisor shall, and shall cause its Affiliates and their respective employees, officers and agents to, devote to the Company such time as shall be reasonably necessary to conduct the business and affairs of the Company in an appropriate manner consistent with the terms of this Agreement. The Company acknowledges that the Advisor and its Affiliates and their respective employees, officers and agents may also engage in activities unrelated to the Company and may provide services to Persons other than the Company or any of its Affiliates.
(c) Investment Opportunities . The Advisor shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to present to the Company a number of potential investment opportunities appropriate for the portfolio of the Company consistent with the investment policies and objectives of the Company, but neither the Advisor nor any Affiliate of the Advisor shall be obligated generally to present any particular investment opportunity to the Company even if the opportunity is of a character that, if presented to the Company, could be taken by the Company. In the event an investment opportunity is located, the allocation procedure set forth in the Prospectus shall govern the allocation of the opportunity among the Company, on the one hand, and other clients of the Advisor, on the other hand; provided any changes to the procedure shall be presented in advance and approved by the Board, including a majority of the Independent Directors.
15. RELATIONSHIP OF THE PARTIES. The Company and the Advisor are not partners or joint venturers with each other, and nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to make them such partners or joint venturers or impose any liability as such on either of them.
16. TERM OF AGREEMENT. This Agreement shall continue in force for a period of one year from the Effective Date, subject to an unlimited number of successive one-year renewals upon mutual consent of the parties. It is the duty of the Directors to evaluate the performance of the Advisor annually before renewing the Agreement, and each such renewal shall be for a term of no more than one year.
17. TERMINATION BY THE PARTIES. This Agreement may be terminated (i) immediately by the Company for Cause or upon the bankruptcy of the Advisor or upon a material breach of this Agreement by the Advisor; provided, that such material breach is not capable of being cured or has not been cured within sixty (60) days after the giving of notice thereof by the Company to the Advisor; (ii) upon sixty (60) days written notice without Cause or penalty by a majority vote of the Independent Directors; or (iii) upon sixty (60) days written notice by the Advisor. The provisions of Sections 19 through 22 survive termination of this Agreement.
18. ASSIGNMENT TO AN AFFILIATE. This Agreement may be assigned by the Advisor to an Affiliate with the prior written consent of the Company, it being agreed that such consent shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed by the Company. The Advisor may assign any rights to receive fees or other payments under this Agreement to any Person without obtaining the consent of the Company. This Agreement shall not be assigned by the Company without the consent of the Advisor, except in the case of an assignment by the Company to a corporation, limited partnership or other organization which is
- 15 -
a successor to all of the assets, rights and obligations of the Company, in which case such successor organization shall be bound hereunder and by the terms of said assignment in the same manner as the Company is bound by this Agreement.
19. PAYMENTS TO AND DUTIES OF ADVISOR UPON TERMINATION.
(a) After the Termination Date, the Advisor shall not be entitled to compensation for further services hereunder except it shall be entitled to receive from the Company within thirty (30) days after the effective date of such termination all unpaid reimbursements of expenses and all earned but unpaid fees payable to the Advisor prior to termination of this Agreement, subject to the 2%/25% Guidelines to the extent applicable.
(b) The Advisor shall promptly upon termination:
(i) pay over to the Company all money collected and held for the account of the Company pursuant to this Agreement, after deducting any accrued compensation and reimbursement for its expenses to which it is then entitled;
(ii) deliver to the Board a full accounting, including a statement showing all payments collected by it and a statement of all money held by it, covering the period following the date of the last accounting furnished to the Board;
(iii) deliver to the Board all assets, including all Investments, and documents of the Company then in the custody of the Advisor; and
(iv) cooperate with the Company to provide an orderly management transition.
20. INDEMNIFICATION BY THE COMPANY. The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless the Advisor and its Affiliates, including their respective officers, directors, partners and employees (the Indemnitees , and each an Indemnitee ), from all liability, claims, damages or losses arising in the performance of their duties hereunder, and related expenses, including reasonable attorneys fees, to the extent such liability, claims, damages or losses and related expenses are not fully reimbursed by insurance, and to the extent that such indemnification would not be inconsistent with the laws of the State of Maryland, the Articles of Incorporation or the provisions of Section II.G of the NASAA REIT Guidelines.
21. INDEMNIFICATION BY ADVISOR. The Advisor shall indemnify and hold harmless the Company from contract or other liability, claims, damages, taxes or losses and related expenses including attorneys fees, to the extent that such liability, claims, damages, taxes or losses and related expenses are not fully reimbursed by insurance and are incurred by reason of the Advisors bad faith, fraud, willful misconduct, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its duties; provided, however, that the Advisor shall not be held responsible for any action of the Board in following or declining to follow any advice or recommendation given by the Advisor.
22. NON-SOLICITATION. During the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending one year following the Termination Date, the Company shall not, without the Advisors prior written consent, directly or indirectly, (i) solicit or encourage any person to leave the employment or other service of the Advisor or its Affiliates, or (ii) hire, on behalf of the Company or any other person or entity, any person who has left the employment within the one year period following the termination of that persons employment the Advisor or its Affiliates. During the period commencing on the date hereof through and ending one year following the Termination Date, the Company will not, whether for its own
- 16 -
account or for the account of any other Person, intentionally interfere with the relationship of the Advisor or its Affiliates with, or endeavor to entice away from the Advisor or its Affiliates, any person who during the term of the Agreement is, or during the preceding one-year period, was a tenant, co-investor, co-developer, joint venturer or other customer of the Advisor or its Affiliates.
23. MISCELLANEOUS.
(a) Notices . Any notice, report or other communication required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing unless some other method of giving such notice, report or other communication is required by the Articles of Incorporation, the Bylaws, or accepted by the party to whom it is given, and shall be given by being delivered by hand, by courier or overnight carrier or by registered or certified mail to the addresses set forth herein:
|
To the Company: |
Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. 200 East Randolph Drive Chicago, Illinois 60601 Attention: Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
with a simultaneous copy to:
Alston & Bird LLP 1201 W. Peachtree St. Atlanta, Georgia 30309 Attention: Rosemarie A. Thurston |
||
|
To the Advisor: |
LaSalle Investment Management, Inc. 200 E. Randolph Drive Chicago, Illinois 60601 Attention: Chief Executive Officer
with a simultaneous copy to:
LaSalle Investment Management, Inc. 200 E. Randolph Drive Chicago, Illinois 60601 Attention: General Counsel |
|
Any party may at any time give notice in writing to the other parties of a change in its address for the purposes of this Section 23.
(b) Modification . This Agreement shall not be changed, modified, terminated, or discharged, in whole or in part, except by an instrument in writing signed by the parties hereto, or their respective successors or assignees.
(c) Severability . The provisions of this Agreement are independent of and severable from each other, and no provision shall be affected or rendered invalid or unenforceable by virtue of the fact that for any reason any other or others of them may be invalid or unenforceable in whole or in part.
(d) Governing Law; Exclusive Jurisdiction; Jury Trial . The provisions of this Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Maryland without regard to the conflicts-of-law principles that would require the application of any other law. The parties hereby
- 17 -
irrevocably submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the Illinois and the Federal courts of the United States of America located in Chicago, Illinois for purposes of any suit, action or other proceeding arising from this Agreement, and hereby waive, and agree not to assert, as a defense in any action, suit or proceeding for the interpretation or enforcement hereof or thereof, that it is not subject thereto or that such action, suit or proceeding may not be brought or is not maintainable in such courts or that the venue thereof may not be appropriate or that this Agreement or any such document may not be enforced in or by such courts. Each of the parties hereby consent to and grant any such court jurisdiction over the person of such parties and over the subject matter of any such dispute. EACH OF THE PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT.
(e) Entire Agreement . This Agreement contains the entire agreement and understanding among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof, and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements, understandings, inducements and conditions, express or implied, oral or written, of any nature whatsoever with respect to the subject matter hereof. The express terms hereof control and supersede any course of performance or usage of the trade inconsistent with any of the terms hereof.
(f) Indulgences, Not Waivers . Neither the failure nor any delay on the part of a party to exercise any right, remedy, power or privilege under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege preclude any other or further exercise of the same or of any other right, remedy, power or privilege, nor shall any waiver of any right, remedy, power or privilege with respect to any occurrence be construed as a waiver of such right, remedy, power or privilege with respect to any other occurrence. No waiver shall be effective unless it is in writing and is signed by the party asserted to have granted such waiver.
(g) Gender . Words used herein regardless of the number and gender specifically used, shall be deemed and construed to include any other number, singular or plural, and any other gender, masculine, feminine or neuter, as the context requires.
(h) Titles Not to Affect Interpretation . The titles of Sections and Subsections contained in this Agreement are for convenience only, and they neither form a part of this Agreement nor are they to be used in the construction or interpretation hereof.
(i) Execution in Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original as against any party whose signature appears thereon, and all of which shall together constitute one and the same instrument. This Agreement shall become binding when one or more counterparts hereof, individually or taken together, shall bear the signatures of all of the parties reflected hereon as the signatories.
[ Signatures on following page. ]
- 18 -
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this First Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement as of the date and year first above written.
| Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: | ||
| LaSalle Investment Management, Inc. | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: | ||
- 19 -
Exhibit 10.2
FORM OF
JONES LANG LASALLE INCOME PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
2012 INCENTIVE PLAN
JONES LANG LASALLE INCOME PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
2012 INCENTIVE PLAN
| 12.5 | Stock Trading Restrictions | 13 | ||||||
| 12.6 | Acceleration for Any Other Reason | 14 | ||||||
| 12.7 | Forfeiture Events | 14 | ||||||
| 12.8 | Substitute Awards | 14 | ||||||
|
ARTICLE 13 CHANGES IN CAPITAL STRUCTURE |
14 | |||||||
| 13.1 | Mandatory Adjustments | 14 | ||||||
| 13.2 | Discretionary Adjustments | 15 | ||||||
| 13.3 | General | 15 | ||||||
|
ARTICLE 14 AMENDMENT, MODIFICATION AND TERMINATION |
15 | |||||||
| 14.1 | Amendment, Modification and Termination | 15 | ||||||
| 14.2 | Awards Previously Granted | 15 | ||||||
| 14.3 | Compliance Amendments | 16 | ||||||
|
ARTICLE 15 GENERAL PROVISIONS |
16 | |||||||
| 15.1 | Rights of Participants | 16 | ||||||
| 15.2 | Withholding | 17 | ||||||
| 15.3 | Special Provisions Related to Section 409A of the Code | 17 | ||||||
| 15.4 | Unfunded Status of Awards | 19 | ||||||
| 15.5 | Relationship to Other Benefits | 19 | ||||||
| 15.6 | Expenses | 19 | ||||||
| 15.7 | Titles and Headings | 19 | ||||||
| 15.8 | Gender and Number | 19 | ||||||
| 15.9 | Fractional Shares | 19 | ||||||
| 15.10 | Government and Other Regulations | 19 | ||||||
| 15.11 | Governing Law | 20 | ||||||
| 15.12 | Severability | 20 | ||||||
| 15.13 | No Limitations on Rights of Company | 20 | ||||||
JONES LANG LASALLE INCOME PROPERTY TRUST, INC. 2012 INCENTIVE PLAN
ARTICLE 1
PURPOSE
1.1. GENERAL . The purpose of the Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. 2012 Incentive Plan (the Plan ) is to promote the success, and enhance the value, of Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. (the Company ), by linking the personal interests of employees (to the extent the Company hires any employees), officers, directors and consultants of the Company or any Affiliate (as defined below) to those of Company shareholders and by providing such persons with an incentive for outstanding performance. The Plan is further intended to provide flexibility to the Company in its ability to motivate, attract, and retain the services of employees, officers, directors and consultants upon whose judgment, interest, and special effort the successful conduct of the Companys operation is largely dependent. Accordingly, the Plan permits the grant of incentive awards from time to time to selected employees, officers, directors and consultants of the Company and its Affiliates.
ARTICLE 2
DEFINITIONS
2.1. DEFINITIONS . When a word or phrase appears in this Plan with the initial letter capitalized, and the word or phrase does not commence a sentence, the word or phrase shall generally be given the meaning ascribed to it in this Section or in Section 1.1 unless a clearly different meaning is required by the context. The following words and phrases shall have the following meanings:
(a) Affiliate means (i) any Subsidiary or Parent, or (ii) an entity that directly or through one or more intermediaries controls, is controlled by or is under common control with, the Company, as determined by the Committee.
(b)
Award
means an award of Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock
Units, Deferred Stock Units, Performance Awards,
Dividend Equivalents,
Other Stock-Based Awards, or any other right or interest relating to Stock or cash, granted to a Participant under the Plan.
(c) Award Certificate means a written document, in such form as the Committee prescribes from time to time, setting forth the terms and conditions of an Award. Award Certificates may be in the form of individual award agreements or certificates or a program document describing the terms and provisions of an Award or series of Awards under the Plan. The Committee may provide for the use of electronic, internet or other non-paper Award Certificates, and the use of electronic, internet or other non-paper means for the acceptance thereof and actions thereunder by a Participant.
(d) Beneficial Owner shall have the meaning given such term in Rule 13d-3 of the General Rules and Regulations under the 1934 Act.
(e) Board means the Board of Directors of the Company.
- 1 -
(f) Cause as a reason for a Participants termination of employment shall have the meaning assigned such term in the employment, severance or similar agreement, if any, between such Participant and the Company or an Affiliate; provided , however , that if there is no such employment, severance or similar agreement in which such term is defined, and unless otherwise defined in the applicable Award Certificate, Cause shall mean any of the following acts by the Participant, as determined by the Committee: gross neglect of duty, prolonged absence from duty without the consent of the Company, material breach by the Participant of any published Company code of conduct or code of ethics; or willful misconduct, misfeasance or malfeasance of duty which is reasonably determined to be detrimental to the Company. With respect to a Participants termination of directorship, Cause means an act or failure to act that constitutes cause for removal of a director under applicable Maryland law. The determination of the Committee as to the existence of Cause shall be conclusive on the Participant and the Company.
(g) Change in Control means and includes the occurrence of any one of the following events but shall specifically exclude a Public Offering:
(i) during any consecutive 12-month period, individuals who, at the beginning of such period, constitute the Board (the Incumbent Directors ) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of such Board, provided that any person becoming a director after the beginning of such 12-month period and whose election or nomination for election was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Incumbent Directors then on the Board shall be an Incumbent Director; provided , however , that no individual initially elected or nominated as a director of the Company as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors ( Election Contest ) or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of any Person other than the Board ( Proxy Contest ), including by reason of any agreement intended to avoid or settle any Election Contest or Proxy Contest, shall be deemed an Incumbent Director; or
(ii) any person becomes a Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of either (A) 35% or more of the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the Company ( Company Common Stock ) or (B) securities of the Company representing 35% or more of the combined voting power of the Companys then outstanding securities eligible to vote for the election of directors (the Company Voting Securities ); provided , however , that for purposes of this subsection (ii), the following acquisitions of Company Common Stock or Company Voting Securities shall not constitute a Change in Control: (w) an acquisition directly from the Company, (x) an acquisition by the Company or a Subsidiary, (y) an acquisition by any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any Subsidiary, or (z) an acquisition pursuant to a Non-Qualifying Transaction (as defined in subsection (iii) below); or
(iii) the consummation of a reorganization, merger, consolidation, statutory share exchange or similar form of corporate transaction involving the Company or a Subsidiary (a Reorganization ), or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Companys assets (a Sale ) or the acquisition of assets or stock of another corporation or other entity (an Acquisition ), unless immediately following such Reorganization, Sale or Acquisition: (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the Beneficial Owners, respectively, of the outstanding Company Common Stock and outstanding Company Voting Securities immediately prior to such Reorganization, Sale or Acquisition beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 35% of, respectively, the then outstanding shares of common stock and the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors,
- 2 -
as the case may be, of the entity resulting from such Reorganization, Sale or Acquisition (including, without limitation, an entity which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Companys assets or stock either directly or through one or more subsidiaries, the Surviving Entity) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership, immediately prior to such Reorganization, Sale or Acquisition, of the outstanding Company Common Stock and the outstanding Company Voting Securities, as the case may be, and (B) no person (other than (x) the Company or any Subsidiary, (y) the Surviving Entity or its ultimate parent entity, or (z) any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by any of the foregoing) is the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of 35% or more of the total common stock or 35% or more of the total voting power of the outstanding voting securities eligible to elect directors of the Surviving Entity, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the Surviving Entity were Incumbent Directors at the time of the Boards approval of the execution of the initial agreement providing for such Reorganization, Sale or Acquisition (any Reorganization, Sale or Acquisition which satisfies all of the criteria specified in (A), (B) and (C) above shall be deemed to be a Non-Qualifying Transaction ).
(h) Charter means the articles of incorporation of the Company, as such articles of incorporation may be amended from time to time.
(i) Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time. For purposes of this Plan, references to sections of the Code shall be deemed to include references to any applicable regulations thereunder and any successor or similar provision.
(j) Committee means the committee of the Board described in Article 4.
(k) Company means Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation, or any successor corporation.
(l) Continuous Service means the absence of any interruption or termination of service as an employee, officer, consultant or director of the Company or any Affiliate, as applicable. Continuous Service shall not be considered interrupted in the following cases: (i) a Participant transfers employment between the Company and an Affiliate or between Affiliates, or (ii) in the discretion of the Committee as specified at or prior to such occurrence, in the case of a spin-off, sale or disposition of the Participants employer from the Company or any Affiliate, or (iii) any leave of absence authorized in writing by the Company prior to its commencement. Whether military, government or other service or other leave of absence shall constitute a termination of Continuous Service shall be determined in each case by the Committee at its discretion, and any determination by the Committee shall be final and conclusive; provided , however , that for purposes of any Award that is subject to Code Section 409A, the determination of a leave of absence must comply with the requirements of a bona fide leave of absence as provided in Treas. Reg. Section 1.409A-1(h).
(m) Deferred Stock Unit means a right granted to a Participant under Article 9 to receive Shares (or the equivalent value in cash or other property if the Committee so provides) at a future time as determined by the Committee, or as determined by the Participant within guidelines established by the Committee in the case of voluntary deferral elections.
- 3 -
(n) Disability of a Participant means that the Participant (i) is unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months, or (ii) is, by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months, receiving income replacement benefits for a period of not less than three months under an accident and health plan covering employees of the Participants employer. In the event of a dispute, the determination of whether a Participant is Disabled will be made by the Committee and may be supported by the advice of a physician competent in the area to which such Disability relates.
(o) Effective Date has the meaning assigned such term in Section 3.1.
(p) Eligible Participant means an employee, officer, consultant or director of the Company or any Affiliate.
(q) Fair Market Value , on any date, means (i) if the Stock is listed on a securities exchange, the closing sales price on the principal such exchange on such date or, in the absence of reported sales on such date, the closing sales price on the immediately preceding date on which sales were reported, or (ii) if the Stock is not listed on a securities exchange, the mean between the bid and offered prices as quoted by the applicable interdealer quotation system for such date, provided that if the Stock is not quoted on an interdealer quotation system or it is determined that the fair market value is not properly reflected by such quotations, Fair Market Value will be determined by such other method as the Committee determines in good faith to be reasonable and in compliance with Code Section 409A.
(r) Full-Value Award means an Award other than in the form of an Option or SAR, and which is settled by the issuance of Stock (or at the discretion of the Committee, settled in cash valued by reference to Stock value).
(s) Grant Date of an Award means the first date on which all necessary corporate action has been taken to approve the grant of the Award as provided in the Plan, or such later date as is determined and specified as part of that authorization process. Notice of the grant shall be a provided to the grantee within a reasonable time after the Grant Date.
(t) Non-Employee Director means a director of the Company who is not a common law employee of the Company or an Affiliate and who meets the additional requirements set forth for an independent director in the Charter.
(u) Option means a right granted to a Participant under Article 7 of the Plan to purchase Stock at a specified price during specified time periods. Options granted under the Plan are not intended to be incentive stock options that meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Code or any successor provision thereto
(v) Other Stock-Based Award means a right, granted to a Participant under Article 12, that relates to or is valued by reference to Stock or other Awards relating to Stock.
(w) Parent means a corporation, limited liability company, partnership or other entity which owns or beneficially owns a majority of the outstanding voting stock or voting power of the Company.
- 4 -
(x) Participant means an Eligible Participant who has been granted an Award under the Plan; provided that in the case of the death of a Participant, the term Participant refers to a beneficiary designated pursuant to Section 12.4 or the legal guardian or other legal representative acting in a fiduciary capacity on behalf of the Participant under applicable state law and court supervision.
(y) Performance Award means any award granted under the Plan pursuant to Article 10.
(z) Person means any individual, entity or group, within the meaning of Section 3(a)(9) of the 1934 Act and as used in Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the 1934 Act.
(aa) Plan means the Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. 2012 Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time.
(bb) Public Offering means a public offering of any class or series of the Companys equity securities pursuant to a registration statement filed by the Company under the 1933 Act.
(cc) Restricted Stock means Stock granted to a Participant under Article 9 that is subject to certain restrictions and to risk of forfeiture.
(dd) Restricted Stock Unit means the right granted to a Participant under Article 9 to receive shares of Stock (or the equivalent value in cash or other property if the Committee so provides) in the future, which right is subject to certain restrictions and to risk of forfeiture.
(ee) Shares means shares of the Companys Stock. If there has been an adjustment or substitution pursuant to Article 13, the term Shares shall also include any shares of stock or other securities that are substituted for Shares or into which Shares are adjusted pursuant to Article 13.
(ff) Stock means the $0.01 par value Class M common stock of the Company, and such other securities of the Company as may be substituted for such class of Stock pursuant to Article 13.
(gg) Stock Appreciation Right or SAR means a right granted to a Participant under Article 8 to receive a payment equal to the difference between the Fair Market Value of a Share as of the date of exercise of the SAR over the base price of the SAR, all as determined pursuant to Article 8.
(hh) Subsidiary means any corporation, limited liability company, partnership or other entity of which a majority of the outstanding voting stock or voting power is beneficially owned directly or indirectly by the Company.
(ii) 1933 Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time.
(jj) 1934 Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time.
- 5 -
ARTICLE 3
EFFECTIVE TERM OF PLAN
3.1. EFFECTIVE DATE . The Plan will become effective on the date that it is adopted by the Board (the Effective Date ).
3.2. TERMINATION OF PLAN . Unless earlier terminated as provided herein, the Plan shall continue in effect until the tenth anniversary of the Effective Date or, if the shareholders approve an amendment to the Plan that increases the number of Shares subject to the Plan, the tenth anniversary of the date of such approval. The termination of the Plan on such date shall not affect the validity of any Award outstanding on the date of termination, which shall continue to be governed by the applicable terms and conditions of the Plan.
ARTICLE 4
ADMINISTRATION
4.1. COMMITTEE . The Plan shall be administered by a Committee appointed by the Board (which Committee shall consist of at least two directors) or, at the discretion of the Board from time to time, the Plan may be administered by the Board. It is intended that at least two of the directors appointed to serve on the Committee shall be Independent Directors and that any such members of the Committee who do not so qualify shall abstain from participating in any decision to make or administer Awards that are made to Eligible Participants who at the time of consideration for such Award are persons subject to the short-swing profit rules of Section 16 of the 1934 Act. However, the mere fact that a Committee member shall fail to qualify as an Independent Director or shall fail to abstain from such action shall not invalidate any Award made by the Committee which Award is otherwise validly made under the Plan. The members of the Committee shall be appointed by, and may be changed at any time and from time to time in the discretion of, the Board. The Board may reserve to itself any or all of the authority and responsibility of the Committee under the Plan or may act as administrator of the Plan for any and all purposes. To the extent the Board has reserved any authority and responsibility or during any time that the Board is acting as administrator of the Plan, it shall have all the powers and protections of the Committee hereunder, and any reference herein to the Committee (other than in this Section 4.1) shall include the Board. To the extent any action of the Board under the Plan conflicts with actions taken by the Committee, the actions of the Board shall control.
4.2. ACTION AND INTERPRETATIONS BY THE COMMITTEE . For purposes of administering the Plan, the Committee may from time to time adopt rules, regulations, guidelines and procedures for carrying out the provisions and purposes of the Plan and make such other determinations, not inconsistent with the Plan, as the Committee may deem appropriate. The Committee may correct any defect, supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency in the Plan or in any Award in the manner and to the extent it deems necessary to carry out the intent of the Plan. The Committees interpretation of the Plan, any Awards granted under the Plan, any Award Certificate and all decisions and determinations by the Committee with respect to the Plan are final, binding, and conclusive on all parties. Each member of the Committee is entitled to, in good faith, rely or act upon any report or other information furnished to that member by any officer or other employee of the Company or any Affiliate, the Companys or an Affiliates independent certified public accountants, Company counsel or any executive compensation consultant or other professional retained by the Company to assist in the administration of the Plan. No member of the Committee will be liable for any good faith determination, act or omission in connection with the Plan or any Award.
- 6 -
4.3. AUTHORITY OF COMMITTEE . Except as provided in Section 4.1 hereof, the Committee has the exclusive power, authority and discretion to:
(a) Grant Awards;
(b) Designate Participants;
(c) Determine the type or types of Awards to be granted to each Participant;
(d) Determine the number of Awards to be granted and the number of Shares or dollar amount to which an Award will relate;
(e) Determine the terms and conditions of any Award granted under the Plan;
(f) Prescribe the form of each Award Certificate, which need not be identical for each Participant;
(g) Decide all other matters that must be determined in connection with an Award;
(h) Establish, adopt or revise any rules, regulations, guidelines or procedures as it may deem necessary or advisable to administer the Plan;
(i) Make all other decisions and determinations that may be required under the Plan or as the Committee deems necessary or advisable to administer the Plan;
(j) Amend the Plan or any Award Certificate as provided herein; and
(k) Adopt such modifications, procedures, and subplans as may be necessary or desirable to comply with provisions of the laws of the United States or any non-U.S. jurisdictions in which the Company or any Affiliate may operate, in order to assure the viability of the benefits of Awards granted to participants located in the United States or such other jurisdictions and to further the objectives of the Plan.
4.5. INDEMNIFICATION . Each person who is or shall have been a member of the Committee, or of the Board, or an officer of the Company to whom authority was delegated in accordance with this Article 4 shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company against and from any loss, cost, liability, or expense that may be imposed upon or reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with or resulting from any claim, action, suit, or proceeding to which he or she may be a party or in which he or she may be involved by reason of any action taken or failure to act under the Plan and against and from any and all amounts paid by him or her in settlement thereof, with the Companys approval, or paid by him or her in satisfaction of any judgment in any such action, suit, or proceeding against him or her, provided he or she shall give the Company an opportunity, at its own expense, to handle and defend the same before he or she undertakes to handle and defend it on his or her own behalf, unless such loss, cost, liability, or expense is a result of his or her own willful misconduct or except as expressly provided by statute. The foregoing right of indemnification shall not be exclusive of any other rights of indemnification to which such persons may be entitled under the Companys charter or bylaws, as a matter of law, or otherwise, or any power that the Company may have to indemnify them or hold them harmless.
- 7 -
ARTICLE 5
SHARES SUBJECT TO THE PLAN
5.1. NUMBER OF SHARES . Subject to adjustment as provided in Sections 5.2 and Section 13.1, the aggregate number of Shares of Stock reserved and available for issuance pursuant to Awards granted under the Plan shall be 2,000,000; provided , however , that no Awards shall be granted under the Plan on any date on which the aggregate number of Shares subject to Awards previously issued under the Plan, together with the proposed Awards to be granted on such date, shall exceed 2% of the Companys total outstanding shares of Class A common stock, Class M common stock and Class E common stock on such date.
5.2. SHARE COUNTING . Shares covered by an Award shall be subtracted from the Plan share reserve as of the Grant Date, but shall be added back to the Plan share reserve in accordance with this Section 5.2.
(a) To the extent that an Award is canceled, terminates, expires, is forfeited or lapses for any reason, any unissued or forfeited Shares originally subject to the Award will be added back to the Plan share reserve and again be available for issuance pursuant to Awards granted under the Plan.
(b) Shares subject to Awards settled in cash will be added back to the Plan share reserve and again be available for issuance pursuant to Awards granted under the Plan.
(c) Shares withheld or repurchased from an Award or delivered by a Participant to satisfy minimum tax withholding requirements will be added back to the Plan share reserve and again be available for issuance pursuant to Awards granted under the Plan.
(d) If the exercise price of an Option is satisfied in whole or in part by delivering Shares to the Company (by either actual delivery or attestation), the number of Shares so tendered (by delivery or attestation) shall be added to the Plan share reserve and will be available for issuance pursuant to Awards granted under the Plan.
(e) To the extent that the full number of Shares subject to an Option or SAR is not issued upon exercise of the Option or SAR for any reason, including by reason of net-settlement of the Award, the unissued Shares originally subject to the Award will be added back to the Plan share reserve and again be available for issuance pursuant to other Awards granted under the Plan.
(f) To the extent that the full number of Shares subject to an Award other than an Option or SAR is not issued for any reason, including by reason of failure to achieve maximum performance goals, the unissued Shares originally subject to the Award will be added back to the Plan share reserve and again be available for issuance pursuant to Awards granted under the Plan.
(g) Substitute Awards granted pursuant to Section 12.8 of the Plan shall not count against the Shares otherwise available for issuance under the Plan under Section 5.1.
(h) Subject to any applicable requirements of a securities exchange, shares available under a stockholder-approved plan of a company acquired by the Company (as appropriately adjusted to Shares to reflect the transaction) may be issued under the Plan pursuant to Awards granted to individuals who were not employees of the Company or its Affiliates immediately before such transaction and will not count against the maximum share limitation specified in Section 5.1.
- 8 -
5.3. STOCK DISTRIBUTED . Any Stock distributed pursuant to an Award may consist, in whole or in part, of authorized and unissued Stock, treasury Stock or Stock purchased on the open market.
ARTICLE 6
ELIGIBILITY
6.1. GENERAL . Awards may be granted only to Eligible Participants. Eligible Participants who are service providers to an Affiliate may be granted Options or SARs under this Plan only if the Affiliate qualifies as an eligible issuer of service recipient stock within the meaning of §1.409A-1(b)(5)(iii)(E) of the final regulations under Code Section 409A.
ARTICLE 7
STOCK OPTIONS
7.1. GENERAL . The Committee is authorized to grant Options to Participants on the following terms and conditions:
(a) EXERCISE PRICE . The exercise price per Share under an Option shall be determined by the Committee, provided that the exercise price for any Option (other than an Option issued as a substitute Award pursuant to Section 12.8) shall not be less than the Fair Market Value as of the Grant Date.
(b) PROHIBITION ON REPRICING . Except as otherwise provided in Section 13.1, the exercise price of an Option may not be reduced, directly or indirectly by cancellation and regrant or otherwise, without the prior approval of the shareholders of the Company. In addition, the Company may not, without the prior approval of shareholders of the Company, repurchase an Option for value from a Participant if the current Fair Market Value of the Shares underlying the Option is lower than the exercise price per share of the Option.
(c) TIME AND CONDITIONS OF EXERCISE . The Committee shall determine the time or times at which an Option may be exercised in whole or in part, subject to Section 7.1(e), including a provision that an Option that is otherwise exercisable and has an exercise price that is less than the Fair Market Value of the Stock on the last day of its term will be automatically exercised on such final date of the term by means of a net exercise, thus entitling the optionee to Shares equal to the intrinsic value of the Option on such exercise date, less the number of Shares required for tax withholding. The Committee shall also determine the performance or other conditions, if any, that must be satisfied before all or part of an Option may be exercised or vested.
(d) PAYMENT . The Committee shall determine the methods by which the exercise price of an Option may be paid, the form of payment, and the methods by which Shares shall be delivered or deemed to be delivered to Participants. As determined by the Committee at or after the Grant Date, payment of the exercise price of an Option may be made in, in whole or in part, in the form of (i) cash or cash equivalents, (ii) delivery (by either actual delivery or attestation) of previously-acquired Shares based on the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the date the Option is exercised, (iii) withholding of Shares from the Option based on the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the date the Option is exercised, (iv) broker-assisted market sales, or (iv) any other cashless exercise arrangement.
- 9 -
(e) EXERCISE TERM . Except for Nonstatutory Options granted to Participants outside the United States, no Option granted under the Plan shall be exercisable for more than ten years from the Grant Date.
(f) NO DEFERRAL FEATURE . No Option shall provide for any feature for the deferral of compensation other than the deferral of recognition of income until the exercise or disposition of the Option.
ARTICLE 8
STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS
8.1. GRANT OF STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS . The Committee is authorized to grant Stock Appreciation Rights to Participants on the following terms and conditions:
(a) RIGHT TO PAYMENT . Upon the exercise of a SAR, the Participant has the right to receive, for each Share with respect to which the SAR is being exercised, the excess, if any, of:
(1) The Fair Market Value of one Share on the date of exercise; over
(2) The base price of the SAR as determined by the Committee and set forth in the Award Certificate, which shall not be less than the Fair Market Value of one Share on the Grant Date.
(b) PROHIBITION ON REPRICING . Except as otherwise provided in Section 13.1, the base price of a SAR may not be reduced, directly or indirectly by cancellation and regrant or otherwise, without the prior approval of the shareholders of the Company. In addition, the Company may not, without the prior approval of shareholders of the Company, repurchase a SAR for value from a Participant if the current Fair Market Value of the Shares underlying SAR is lower than the base price per share of the SAR.
(c) TIME AND CONDITIONS OF EXERCISE . The Committee shall determine the time or times at which a SAR may be exercised in whole or in part, including a provision that a SAR that is otherwise exercisable and has a base price that is less than the Fair Market Value of the Stock on the last day of its term will be automatically exercised on such final date of the term, thus entitling the holder to cash or Shares equal to the intrinsic value of the SAR on such exercise date, less the cash or number of Shares required for tax withholding. Except for SARs granted to Participants outside the United States, no SAR shall be exercisable for more than ten years from the Grant Date.
(d) NO DEFERRAL FEATURE . No SAR shall provide for any feature for the deferral of compensation other than the deferral of recognition of income until the exercise or disposition of the SAR.
- 10 -
(e) OTHER TERMS . All SARs shall be evidenced by an Award Certificate. Subject to the limitations of this Article 8, the terms, methods of exercise, methods of settlement, form of consideration payable in settlement (e.g., cash, Shares or other property), and any other terms and conditions of the SAR shall be determined by the Committee at the time of the grant and shall be reflected in the Award Certificate.
ARTICLE 9
RESTRICTED STOCK, RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
AND DEFERRED STOCK UNITS
9.1. GRANT OF RESTRICTED STOCK, RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS AND DEFERRED STOCK UNITS . The Committee is authorized to make Awards of Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units or Deferred Stock Units to Participants in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as may be selected by the Committee. An Award of Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units or Deferred Stock Units shall be evidenced by an Award Certificate setting forth the terms, conditions, and restrictions applicable to the Award.
9.2. ISSUANCE AND RESTRICTIONS . Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units or Deferred Stock Units shall be subject to such restrictions on transferability and other restrictions as the Committee may impose (including, for example, limitations on the right to vote Restricted Stock or the right to receive dividends on the Restricted Stock). These restrictions may lapse separately or in combination at such times, under such circumstances, in such installments, upon the satisfaction of performance goals or otherwise, as the Committee determines at the time of the grant of the Award or thereafter. Except as otherwise provided in an Award Certificate or any special Plan document governing an Award, a Participant shall have none of the rights of a stockholder with respect to Restricted Stock Units or Deferred Stock Units until such time as Shares of Stock are paid in settlement of such Awards.
9.3 DIVIDENDS ON RESTRICTED STOCK . In the case of Restricted Stock, the Committee may provide that ordinary cash dividends declared on the Shares before they are vested (i) will be forfeited, (ii) will be deemed to have been reinvested in additional Shares or otherwise reinvested (subject to Share availability under Section 5.1 hereof), or (iii) in the case of Restricted Stock that is not subject to performance-based vesting, will be paid or distributed to the Participant as accrued (in which case, such dividends must be paid or distributed no later than the 15 th day of the 3 rd month following the later of (A) the calendar year in which the corresponding dividends were paid to shareholders, or (B) the first calendar year in which the Participants right to such dividends is no longer subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture).
9.4. FORFEITURE . Subject to the terms of the Award Certificate and except as otherwise determined by the Committee at the time of the grant of the Award or thereafter, upon termination of Continuous Service during the applicable restriction period or upon failure to satisfy a performance goal during the applicable restriction period, Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units that are at that time subject to restrictions shall be forfeited.
9.5. DELIVERY OF RESTRICTED STOCK . Shares of Restricted Stock shall be delivered to the Participant at the Grant Date either by book-entry registration or by delivering to the Participant, or a custodian or escrow agent (including, without limitation, the Company or one or more of its employees) designated by the Committee, a stock certificate or certificates registered in the name of the Participant. If physical certificates representing shares of Restricted Stock are registered in the name of the Participant, such certificates must bear an appropriate legend referring to the terms, conditions, and restrictions applicable to such Restricted Stock.
- 11 -
ARTICLE 10
PERFORMANCE AWARDS
10.1. GRANT OF PERFORMANCE AWARDS . The Committee is authorized to grant any Award under this Plan, including cash-based Awards, with performance-based vesting criteria, on such terms and conditions as may be selected by the Committee. Any such Awards with performance-based vesting criteria are referred to herein as Performance Awards. The Committee shall have the complete discretion to determine the number of Performance Awards granted to each Participant and to designate the provisions of such Performance Awards as provided in Section 4.3. All Performance Awards shall be evidenced by an Award Certificate or a written program established by the Committee, pursuant to which Performance Awards are awarded under the Plan under uniform terms, conditions and restrictions set forth in such written program.
10.2. PERFORMANCE GOALS . The Committee may establish performance goals for Performance Awards which may be based on any criteria selected by the Committee. Such performance goals may be described in terms of Company-wide objectives or in terms of objectives that relate to the performance of the Participant, an Affiliate or a division, region, department or function within the Company or an Affiliate. If the Committee determines that a change in the business, operations, corporate structure or capital structure of the Company or the manner in which the Company or an Affiliate conducts its business, or other events or circumstances render performance goals to be unsuitable, the Committee may modify such performance goals in whole or in part, as the Committee deems appropriate. If a Participant is promoted, demoted or transferred to a different business unit or function during a performance period, the Committee may determine that the performance goals or performance period are no longer appropriate and may (i) adjust, change or eliminate the performance goals or the applicable performance period as it deems appropriate to make such goals and period comparable to the initial goals and period, or (ii) make a cash payment to the participant in an amount determined by the Committee.
- 12 -
ARTICLE 11
STOCK OR OTHER STOCK-BASED AWARDS
11.1. GRANT OF STOCK OR OTHER STOCK-BASED AWARDS . The Committee is authorized, subject to limitations under applicable law, to grant to Participants such other Awards that are payable in, valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on or related to Shares, as deemed by the Committee to be consistent with the purposes of the Plan, including without limitation, Shares awarded purely as a bonus and not subject to any restrictions or conditions, convertible or exchangeable debt securities, other rights convertible or exchangeable into Shares, and Awards valued by reference to book value of Shares or the value of securities of or the performance of specified Parents or Subsidiaries. The Committee shall determine the terms and conditions of such Awards.
ARTICLE 12
PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO AWARDS
12.1. AWARD CERTIFICATES . Each Award shall be evidenced by an Award Certificate. Each Award Certificate shall include such provisions, not inconsistent with the Plan, as may be specified by the Committee.
12.2. FORM OF PAYMENT FOR AWARDS . At the discretion of the Committee, payment of Awards may be made in cash, Stock, a combination of cash and Stock, or any other form of property as the Committee shall determine. In addition, payment of Awards may include such terms, conditions, restrictions and/or limitations, if any, as the Committee deems appropriate, including, in the case of Awards paid in the form of Stock, restrictions on transfer and forfeiture provisions. Further, payment of Awards may be made in the form of a lump sum, or in installments, as determined by the Committee.
12.3. LIMITS ON TRANSFER . No right or interest of a Participant in any unexercised or restricted Award may be pledged, encumbered, or hypothecated to or in favor of any party other than the Company or an Affiliate, or shall be subject to any lien, obligation, or liability of such Participant to any other party other than the Company or an Affiliate. No unexercised or restricted Award shall be assignable or transferable by a Participant other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution; provided , however , that the Committee may (but need not) permit other transfers (other than transfers for value) where the Committee concludes that such transferability does not result in accelerated taxation and is otherwise appropriate and desirable, taking into account any factors deemed relevant, including without limitation, state or federal tax or securities laws applicable to transferable Awards.
12.4. BENEFICIARIES . Notwithstanding Section 12.3, a Participant may, in the manner determined by the Committee, designate a beneficiary to exercise the rights of the Participant and to receive any distribution with respect to any Award upon the Participants death. A beneficiary, legal guardian, legal representative, or other person claiming any rights under the Plan is subject to all terms and conditions of the Plan and any Award Certificate applicable to the Participant, except to the extent the Plan and Award Certificate otherwise provide, and to any additional restrictions deemed necessary or appropriate by the Committee. If no beneficiary has been designated or survives the Participant, any payment due to the Participant shall be made to the Participants estate. Subject to the foregoing, a beneficiary designation may be changed or revoked by a Participant, in the manner provided by the Company, at any time provided the change or revocation is filed with the Committee.
12.5. STOCK TRADING RESTRICTIONS . All Stock issuable under the Plan is subject to any stop-transfer orders and other restrictions as the Committee deems necessary or advisable to comply with federal or state securities laws, rules and regulations and the rules of any national securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Stock is listed, quoted, or traded. The Committee may place legends on any Stock certificate or issue instructions to the transfer agent to reference restrictions applicable to the Stock.
- 13 -
12.6. ACCELERATION FOR ANY REASON . The Committee may in its sole discretion at any time determine that all or a portion of a Participants Options, SARs, and other Awards in the nature of rights that may be exercised shall become fully or partially exercisable, that all or a part of the time-based vesting restrictions on all or a portion of the outstanding Awards shall lapse, and/or that any performance-based criteria with respect to any Awards shall be deemed to be wholly or partially satisfied, in each case, as of such date as the Committee may, in its sole discretion, declare. The Committee may discriminate among Participants and among Awards granted to a Participant in exercising its discretion pursuant to this Section 12.6. Notwithstanding anything in the Plan, including this Section 12.6, the Committee may not accelerate the payment of any Award if such acceleration would violate Section 409A(a)(3) of the Code.
12.7. FORFEITURE EVENTS . Awards under the Plan shall be subject to any compensation recoupment policy that the Company may adopt from time to time that is applicable by its terms to the Participant. In addition, the Committee may specify in an Award Certificate that the Participants rights, payments and benefits with respect to an Award shall be subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture or recoupment upon the occurrence of certain specified events, in addition to any otherwise applicable vesting or performance conditions of an Award. Such events may include, but shall not be limited to, (i) termination of employment for cause, (ii) violation of material Company or Affiliate policies, (iii) breach of noncompetition, confidentiality or other restrictive covenants that may apply to the Participant, (iv) other conduct by the Participant that is detrimental to the business or reputation of the Company or any Affiliate, or (v) a later determination that the vesting of, or amount realized from, a Performance Award was based on materially inaccurate financial statements or any other materially inaccurate performance metric criteria, whether or not the Participant caused or contributed to such material inaccuracy.
12.8. SUBSTITUTE AWARDS . The Committee may grant Awards under the Plan in substitution for stock and stock-based awards held by employees of another entity who become employees of the Company or an Affiliate as a result of a merger or consolidation of the former employing entity with the Company or an Affiliate or the acquisition by the Company or an Affiliate of property or stock of the former employing corporation. The Committee may direct that the substitute awards be granted on such terms and conditions as the Committee considers appropriate in the circumstances.
ARTICLE 13
CHANGES IN CAPITAL STRUCTURE
13.1. MANDATORY ADJUSTMENTS . In the event of a nonreciprocal transaction between the Company and its stockholders that causes the per-share value of the Stock to change (including, without limitation, any stock dividend, stock split, spin-off, rights offering, or large nonrecurring cash dividend), the authorization limits under Section 5.1 shall be adjusted proportionately, and the Committee shall make such adjustments to the Plan and Awards as it deems necessary, in its sole discretion, to prevent dilution or enlargement of rights immediately resulting from such transaction. Action by the Committee may include: (i) adjustment of the number and kind of shares that may be delivered under the Plan; (ii) adjustment of the number and kind of shares subject to outstanding Awards; (iii) adjustment of the exercise price of outstanding Awards or the measure to be used to determine the amount of the benefit payable on an Award; and (iv) any other adjustments that the Committee determines to be equitable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee shall not make any adjustments to outstanding Options or SARs that would constitute a modification or substitution of the stock right under Treas. Reg. Sections 1.409A-1(b)(5)(v) that would be treated as the grant of a new stock right or change in the form of payment for purposes of Code Section 409A. Without limiting the foregoing, in the event of a subdivision of the outstanding Stock (stock-split), a declaration of a dividend payable in Shares, or a combination or consolidation of the outstanding Stock into a lesser number of Shares, the authorization limits under Section 5.1 shall automatically be adjusted proportionately, and the Shares then subject to each Award shall automatically, without the necessity for any additional action by the Committee, be adjusted proportionately without any change in the aggregate purchase price therefor.
- 14 -
13.2 DISCRETIONARY ADJUSTMENTS . Upon the occurrence or in anticipation of any corporate event or transaction involving the Company (including, without limitation, any merger, reorganization, recapitalization, combination or exchange of shares, or any transaction described in Section 13.1), the Committee may, in its sole discretion, provide (i) that Awards will be settled in cash rather than Stock, (ii) that Awards will become immediately vested and non-forfeitable and exercisable (in whole or in part) and will expire after a designated period of time to the extent not then exercised, (iii) that Awards will be assumed by another party to a transaction or otherwise be equitably converted or substituted in connection with such transaction, (iv) that outstanding Awards may be settled by payment in cash or cash equivalents equal to the excess of the fair market value of the underlying Stock, as of a specified date associated with the transaction (or the per-shares transaction price), over the exercise or base price of the Award, (v) that performance targets and performance periods for Performance Awards will be modified, or (vi) any combination of the foregoing. The Committees determination need not be uniform and may be different for different Participants whether or not such Participants are similarly situated.
13.3 GENERAL . Any discretionary adjustments made pursuant to this Article 13 shall be subject to the provisions of Section 14.2.
ARTICLE 14
AMENDMENT, MODIFICATION AND TERMINATION
14.1. AMENDMENT, MODIFICATION AND TERMINATION . The Board or the Committee may, at any time and from time to time, amend, modify or terminate the Plan without stockholder approval; provided , however , that if an amendment to the Plan would, in the reasonable opinion of the Board or the Committee, either (i) materially increase the number of Shares available under the Plan, (ii) expand the types of awards under the Plan, (iii) materially expand the class of participants eligible to participate in the Plan, (iv) materially extend the term of the Plan, or (v) otherwise constitute a material change requiring stockholder approval under applicable laws, policies or regulations or the applicable listing or other requirements of a securities exchange, then such amendment shall be subject to stockholder approval; and provided , further , that the Board or Committee may condition any other amendment or modification on the approval of stockholders of the Company for any reason, including by reason of such approval being necessary or deemed advisable (i) to comply with the listing or other requirements of a securities exchange, or (ii) to satisfy any other tax, securities or other applicable laws, policies or regulations.
14.2. AWARDS PREVIOUSLY GRANTED . At any time and from time to time, the Committee may amend, modify or terminate any outstanding Award without approval of the Participant; provided , however :
(a) Subject to the terms of the applicable Award Certificate, such amendment, modification or termination shall not, without the Participants consent, reduce or diminish the value of such Award determined as if the Award had been exercised, vested, cashed in or otherwise settled on the date of such amendment or termination (with the per-share value of an Option or SAR for this purpose being calculated as the excess, if any, of the Fair Market Value as of the date of such amendment or termination over the exercise or base price of such Award);
- 15 -
(b) The original term of an Option or SAR may not be extended without the prior approval of the stockholders of the Company;
(c) Except as otherwise provided in Section 13.1, the exercise price of an Option or base price of a SAR may not be reduced, directly or indirectly, without the prior approval of the stockholders of the Company; and
(d) No termination, amendment, or modification of the Plan shall adversely affect any Award previously granted under the Plan, without the written consent of the Participant affected thereby. An outstanding Award shall not be deemed to be adversely affected by a Plan amendment if such amendment would not reduce or diminish the value of such Award determined as if the Award had been exercised, vested, cashed in or otherwise settled on the date of such amendment (with the per-share value of an Option or SAR for this purpose being calculated as the excess, if any, of the Fair Market Value as of the date of such amendment over the exercise or base price of such Award).
14.3. COMPLIANCE AMENDMENTS . Notwithstanding anything in the Plan or in any Award Certificate to the contrary, the Board may amend the Plan or an Award Certificate, to take effect retroactively or otherwise, as deemed necessary or advisable for the purpose of conforming the Plan or Award Certificate to any present or future law relating to plans of this or similar nature (including, but not limited to, Section 409A of the Code), and to the administrative regulations and rulings promulgated thereunder. By accepting an Award under this Plan, a Participant agrees to any amendment made pursuant to this Section 14.3 to any Award granted under the Plan without further consideration or action.
ARTICLE 15
GENERAL PROVISIONS
15.1. RIGHTS OF PARTICIPANTS .
(a) No Participant or any Eligible Participant shall have any claim to be granted any Award under the Plan. Neither the Company, its Affiliates nor the Committee is obligated to treat Participants or Eligible Participants uniformly, and determinations made under the Plan may be made by the Committee selectively among Eligible Participants who receive, or are eligible to receive, Awards (whether or not such Eligible Participants are similarly situated).
(b) Nothing in the Plan, any Award Certificate or any other document or statement made with respect to the Plan, shall interfere with or limit in any way the right of the Company or any Affiliate to terminate any Participants employment or status as an officer, or any Participants service as a director, at any time, nor confer upon any Participant any right to continue as an employee, officer, or director of the Company or any Affiliate, whether for the duration of a Participants Award or otherwise.
(c) Neither an Award nor any benefits arising under this Plan shall constitute an employment contract with the Company or any Affiliate and, accordingly, subject to Article 14, this Plan and the benefits hereunder may be terminated at any time in the sole and exclusive discretion of the Committee without giving rise to any liability on the part of the Company or an of its Affiliates.
- 16 -
(d) No Award gives a Participant any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company unless and until Shares are in fact issued to such person in connection with such Award.
15.2. WITHHOLDING . The Company or any Affiliate shall have the authority and the right to deduct or withhold, or require a Participant to remit to the Company or such Affiliate, an amount sufficient to satisfy federal, state, and local taxes (including the Participants FICA obligation) required by law to be withheld with respect to any exercise, lapse of restriction or other taxable event arising as a result of the Plan. The obligations of the Company under the Plan will be conditioned on such payment or arrangements and the Company or such Affiliate will, to the extent permitted by law, have the right to deduct any such taxes from any payment of any kind otherwise due to the Participant. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at the time the Award is granted or thereafter, any such withholding requirement may be satisfied, in whole or in part, by withholding from the Award Shares having a Fair Market Value on the date of withholding equal to the minimum amount (and not any greater amount) required to be withheld for tax purposes, all in accordance with such procedures as the Committee establishes. All such elections shall be subject to any restrictions or limitations that the Committee, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate.
15.3. SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATED TO SECTION 409A OF THE CODE .
(a) General . It is intended that the payments and benefits provided under the Plan and any Award shall either be exempt from the application of, or comply with, the requirements of Section 409A of the Code. The Plan and all Award Certificates shall be construed in a manner that effects such intent. Nevertheless, the tax treatment of the benefits provided under the Plan or any Award is not warranted or guaranteed. Neither the Company, its Affiliates nor their respective directors, officers, employees or advisers (other than in his or her capacity as a Participant) shall be held liable for any taxes, interest, penalties or other monetary amounts owed by any Participant or other taxpayer as a result of the Plan or any Award.
(b) Definitional Restrictions . Notwithstanding anything in the Plan or in any Award Certificate to the contrary, to the extent that any amount or benefit that would constitute non-exempt deferred compensation for purposes of Section 409A of the Code ( Non-Exempt Deferred Compensation ) would otherwise be payable or distributable, or a different form of payment (e.g., lump sum or installment) of such Non-Exempt Deferred Compensation would be effected, under the Plan or any Award Certificate by reason of the occurrence of a Change in Control, or the Participants Disability or separation from service, such Non-Exempt Deferred Compensation will not be payable or distributable to the Participant, and/or such different form of payment will not be effected, by reason of such circumstance unless the circumstances giving rise to such Change in Control, Disability or separation from service meet any description or definition of change in control event, disability or separation from service, as the case may be, in Section 409A of the Code and applicable regulations (without giving effect to any elective provisions that may be available under such definition). This provision does not prohibit the vesting of any Award upon a Change in Control, Disability or separation from service, however defined. If this provision prevents the payment or distribution of any amount or benefit, or the application of a different form of payment of any amount or benefit, such payment or distribution shall be made at the time and in the form that would have applied absent the Change in Control, Disability or separation from service, as applicable.
(c) Allocation among Possible Exemptions . If any one or more Awards granted under the Plan to a Participant could qualify for any separation pay exemption described in Treas. Reg. Section 1.409A-1(b)(9), but such Awards in the aggregate exceed the dollar limit permitted for the separation pay exemptions, the Company (acting through the Committee) shall determine which Awards or portions thereof will be subject to such exemptions.
- 17 -
(d) Six-Month Delay in Certain Circumstances . Notwithstanding anything in the Plan or in any Award Certificate to the contrary, if any amount or benefit that would constitute Non-Exempt Deferred Compensation would otherwise be payable or distributable under this Plan or any Award Certificate by reason of a Participants separation from service during a period in which the Participant is a Specified Employee (as defined below), then, subject to any permissible acceleration of payment by the Committee under Treas. Reg. Section 1.409A-3(j)(4)(ii) (domestic relations order), (j)(4)(iii) (conflicts of interest), or (j)(4)(vi) (payment of employment taxes):
(i) the amount of such Non-Exempt Deferred Compensation that would otherwise be payable during the six-month period immediately following the Participants separation from service will be accumulated through and paid or provided on the first day of the seventh month following the Participants separation from service (or, if the Participant dies during such period, within 30 days after the Participants death) (in either case, the Required Delay Period ); and
(ii) the normal payment or distribution schedule for any remaining payments or distributions will resume at the end of the Required Delay Period.
For purposes of this Plan, the term Specified Employee has the meaning given such term in Code Section 409A and the final regulations thereunder; provided , however , that, as permitted in such final regulations, the Companys Specified Employees and its application of the six-month delay rule of Code Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) shall be determined in accordance with rules adopted by the Board or any committee of the Board, which shall be applied consistently with respect to all nonqualified deferred compensation arrangements of the Company, including this Plan.
(e) Installment Payments . If, pursuant to an Award, a Participant is entitled to a series of installment payments, such Participants right to the series of installment payments shall be treated as a right to a series of separate payments and not to a single payment. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term series of installment payments has the meaning provided in Treas. Reg. Section 1.409A-2(b)(2)(iii) (or any successor thereto).
(f) Timing of Release of Claims . Whenever an Award conditions a payment or benefit on the Participants execution and non-revocation of a release of claims, such release must be executed and all revocation periods shall have expired within 60 days after the date of termination of the Participants employment; failing which such payment or benefit shall be forfeited. If such payment or benefit is exempt from Section 409A of the Code, the Company may elect to make or commence payment at any time during such 60-day period. If such payment or benefit constitutes Non-Exempt Deferred Compensation, then, subject to subsection (d) above, (i) if such 60-day period begins and ends in a single calendar year, the Company may make or commence payment at any time during such period at its discretion, and (ii) if such 60-day period begins in one calendar year and ends in the next calendar year, the payment shall be made or commence during the second such calendar year (or any later date specified for such payment under the applicable Award), even if such signing and non-revocation of the release occur during the first such calendar year included within such 60-day period. In other words, a Participant is not permitted to influence the calendar year of payment based on the timing of signing the release.
(g) Permitted Acceleration . The Company shall have the sole authority to make any accelerated distribution permissible under Treas. Reg. section 1.409A-3(j)(4) to Participants of deferred amounts, provided that such distribution(s) meets the requirements of Treas. Reg. Section 1.409A-3(j)(4).
- 18 -
15.4. UNFUNDED STATUS OF AWARDS . The Plan is intended to be an unfunded plan for incentive and deferred compensation. With respect to any payments not yet made to a Participant pursuant to an Award, nothing contained in the Plan or any Award Certificate shall give the Participant any rights that are greater than those of a general creditor of the Company or any Affiliate. In its sole discretion, the Committee may authorize the creation of grantor trusts or other arrangements to meet the obligations created under the Plan to deliver Shares or payments in lieu of Shares or with respect to Awards. This Plan is not intended to be subject to ERISA.
15.5. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER BENEFITS . No payment under the Plan shall be taken into account in determining any benefits under any pension, retirement, savings, profit sharing, group insurance, welfare or benefit plan of the Company or any Affiliate unless provided otherwise in such other plan. Nothing contained in the Plan will prevent the Company from adopting other or additional compensation arrangements, subject to shareholder approval if such approval is required; and such arrangements may be either generally applicable or applicable only in specific cases.
15.6. EXPENSES . The expenses of administering the Plan shall be borne by the Company and its Affiliates.
15.7. TITLES AND HEADINGS . The titles and headings of the Sections in the Plan are for convenience of reference only, and in the event of any conflict, the text of the Plan, rather than such titles or headings, shall control.
15.8. GENDER AND NUMBER . Except where otherwise indicated by the context, any masculine term used herein also shall include the feminine; the plural shall include the singular and the singular shall include the plural.
15.9. FRACTIONAL SHARES . No fractional Shares shall be issued and the Committee shall determine, in its discretion, whether cash shall be given in lieu of fractional Shares or whether such fractional Shares shall be eliminated by rounding up or down.
15.10. GOVERNMENT AND OTHER REGULATIONS .
(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, no Participant who acquires Shares pursuant to the Plan may, during any period of time that such Participant is an affiliate of the Company (within the meaning of the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1933 Act), sell such Shares, unless such offer and sale is made (i) pursuant to an effective registration statement under the 1933 Act, which is current and includes the Shares to be sold, or (ii) pursuant to an appropriate exemption from the registration requirement of the 1933 Act, such as that set forth in Rule 144 promulgated under the 1933 Act.
(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, if at any time the Committee shall determine that the registration, listing or qualification of the Shares covered by an Award upon any securities exchange or under any foreign, federal, state or local law or practice, or the consent or approval of any governmental regulatory body, is necessary or desirable as a condition of, or in connection with, the granting of such Award or the purchase or receipt of Shares thereunder, no Shares may be purchased, delivered or received pursuant to such Award unless and until such registration, listing, qualification, consent or approval shall have been effected or obtained free of any condition not acceptable to the Committee. Any Participant receiving or purchasing Shares pursuant to an Award shall make such representations and agreements and furnish such information as the Committee may request to assure compliance with the foregoing or any other applicable legal requirements. The Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any certificate or certificates for Shares under the Plan prior to the Committees determination that all related requirements have been fulfilled. The Company shall in no event be obligated to register any securities pursuant to the 1933 Act or applicable state or foreign law or to take any other action in order to cause the issuance and delivery of such certificates to comply with any such law, regulation or requirement.
- 19 -
15.11. GOVERNING LAW . To the extent not governed by federal law, the Plan and all Award Certificates shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Maryland.
15.12. SEVERABILITY . In the event that any provision of this Plan is found to be invalid or otherwise unenforceable under any applicable law, such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed as rendering any other provisions contained herein as invalid or unenforceable, and all such other provisions will be given full force and effect to the same extent as though the invalid or unenforceable provision was not contained herein.
15.13. NO LIMITATIONS ON RIGHTS OF COMPANY . The grant of any Award shall not in any way affect the right or power of the Company to make adjustments, reclassification or changes in its capital or business structure or to merge, consolidate, dissolve, liquidate, sell or transfer all or any part of its business or assets. The Plan shall not restrict the authority of the Company, for proper corporate purposes, to draft or assume awards, other than under the Plan, to or with respect to any person. If the Committee so directs, the Company may issue or transfer Shares to an Affiliate, for such lawful consideration as the Committee may specify, upon the condition or understanding that the Affiliate will transfer such Shares to a Participant in accordance with the terms of an Award granted to such Participant and specified by the Committee pursuant to the provisions of the Plan.
- 20 -
***************
The foregoing is hereby acknowledged as being the Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. 2012 Incentive Plan as adopted by the Board on [__], 2012.
| JONES LANG LASALLE INCOME PROPERTY TRUST, INC. | ||
| By: | ||
| Its: | ||
- 21 -
Exhibit 10.3
FORM OF JONES LANG LASALLE INCOME PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS COMPENSATION PLAN
JONES LANG LASALLE INCOME PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS COMPENSATION PLAN
ARTICLE 1
PURPOSE
1.1. PURPOSE . The purpose of the Plan is to attract, retain and compensate highly-qualified individuals who are not employees of Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates for service as members of the Board by providing them with competitive compensation. The Plan is a sub-plan of the Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. 2012 Incentive Plan (the Incentive Plan ).
1.2. ELIGIBILITY . Independent Directors of the Company who are Eligible Participants, as defined below, shall automatically be participants in the Plan.
ARTICLE 2
DEFINITIONS
2.1. DEFINITIONS . Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings given such terms in the Incentive Plan. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
Base Annual Retainer means the annual retainer (excluding Supplemental Annual Retainers and expenses) payable by the Company to an Independent Director pursuant to Section 5.1 hereof for service as a director of the Company, as such amount may be changed from time to time.
Board means the Board of Directors of the Company.
Charter means the articles of incorporation of the Company, as such articles of incorporation may be amended from time to time.
Company means Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.
Effective Date of the Plan has the meaning set forth in Section 8.4 of the Plan.
Eligible Participant means any person who is an Independent Director on the Effective Date or becomes an Independent Director while this Plan is in effect; except that during any period a director is prohibited from participating in the Plan by his or her employer or otherwise waives participation in the Plan, such director shall not be an Eligible Participant.
Incentive Plan means the Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. 2012 Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time.
Independent Director means a director of the Company who is not a common law employee of the Company and who meets the additional requirements set forth for an independent director in the Charter.
Plan means this Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. Independent Directors Compensation Plan, as amended from time to time.
Plan Year(s) means the approximate twelve-month periods between annual meetings of the stockholders of the Company, which, for purposes of the Plan, are the periods for which annual retainers are earned.
- 1 -
SEC Effective Date has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1 of the Plan.
Stock means the $0.01 par value Class M common stock of the Company and such other securities of the Company as may be substituted for such class of Stock pursuant to Article 13 of the Incentive Plan.
Supplemental Annual Retainer means the annual retainer (excluding the Base Annual Retainer and expenses) payable by the Company to an Independent Director pursuant to Section 5.2 hereof for service as the chair or a member of the Audit Committee of the Board or as lead Independent Director, as such amount may be changed from time to time.
ARTICLE 3
ADMINISTRATION
3.1. ADMINISTRATION . The Plan shall be administered by the Board. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Board shall be authorized to interpret the Plan, to establish, amend and rescind any rules and regulations relating to the Plan, and to make all other determinations necessary or advisable for the administration of the Plan. The Boards interpretation of the Plan, and all actions taken and determinations made by the Board pursuant to the powers vested in it hereunder, shall be conclusive and binding upon all parties concerned, including the Company, its stockholders and persons granted awards under the Plan. The Board may appoint a plan administrator to carry out the ministerial functions of the Plan, but the administrator shall have no other authority or powers of the Board.
3.2. RELIANCE . In administering the Plan, the Board may rely upon any information furnished by the Company, its public accountants and other experts. No individual will have personal liability by reason of anything done or omitted to be done by the Company or the Board in connection with the Plan. This limitation of liability shall not be exclusive of any other limitation of liability to which any such person may be entitled under the Companys certificate of incorporation or otherwise.
ARTICLE 4
SOURCE OF SHARES
4.1 SOURCE OF SHARES . The shares of Stock or other equity that may be issued pursuant to the Plan shall be issued under the Incentive Plan, subject to all of the terms and conditions of the Incentive Plan. The terms contained in the Incentive Plan are incorporated into and made a part of this Plan with respect to shares of Stock or other equity granted pursuant hereto and any such grant shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the Incentive Plan. In the event of any actual or alleged conflict between the provisions of the Incentive Plan and the provisions of this Plan, the provisions of the Incentive Plan shall be controlling and determinative. This Plan does not constitute a separate source of Shares for the grant of awards of Stock described herein.
ARTICLE 5
RETAINERS AND EXPENSES
5.1. BASE ANNUAL RETAINER . Each Eligible Participant shall be paid a Base Annual Retainer for service as a director during each Plan Year. The amount of the Base Annual Retainer shall be established from time to time by the Board. Until changed by the Board, the Base Annual Retainer for a full Plan Year shall be $[ ] (which Base Annual Retainer includes fees for attendance at
- 2 -
meetings of the Board or its committees). The Base Annual Retainer shall be payable in approximately equal quarterly installments in advance, beginning on the date of the annual stockholders meeting; provided, however, that for the first Plan Year, the first installment shall begin on the Effective Date and be prorated based on the number of full months in such quarter after the Effective Date. A pro rata Base Annual Retainer will be paid to any person who becomes an Eligible Participant on a date other than the beginning of a Plan Year, based on the number of full months he or she serves as an Independent Director during the Plan Year. Payment of such prorated Base Annual Retainer shall begin on the date that the person first becomes an Eligible Participant, and shall resume on a quarterly basis thereafter.
5.2. SUPPLEMENTAL ANNUAL RETAINERS .
(a) The chairperson of the Audit Committee of the Board shall be paid a Supplemental Annual Retainer for his or her service as such chairperson during a Plan Year, payable quarterly at the same times as installments of the Base Annual Retainer. The amount of the Supplemental Annual Retainer for the chairperson of the Audit Committee shall be established from time to time by the Board. Until changed by the Board, the Supplemental Annual Retainer for a full Plan Year for the chairperson of the Audit Committee shall be $[ ]. A pro rata Supplemental Annual Retainer will be paid to any Eligible Participant who becomes the chairperson of the Audit Committee of the Board on a date other than the beginning of a Plan Year, based on the number of full months he or she serves as a chairperson of the Audit Committee of the Board during the Plan Year. Payment of such pro-rated Supplemental Annual Retainer shall begin on the date that the person first becomes chairperson of the Audit Committee, and shall resume on a quarterly basis thereafter.
(b) Each member of the Audit Committee of the Board, other than the chairperson of the Audit Committee whose supplemental retainer is set forth above, shall be paid a Supplemental Annual Retainer for his or her service as a member of the Audit Committee during a Plan Year, payable quarterly at the same times as installments of the Base Annual Retainer. The amount of the Supplemental Annual Retainer for a member of the Audit Committee shall be established from time to time by the Board. Until changed by the Board, the Supplemental Annual Retainer for a full Plan Year for a member of the Audit Committee, other than the chairperson of the Audit Committee, shall be $[ ]. A pro rata Supplemental Annual Retainer will be paid to any Eligible Participant who becomes a member of the Audit Committee of the Board on a date other than the beginning of a Plan Year, based on the number of full months he or she serves as a member of the Audit Committee of the Board during the Plan Year. Payment of such pro-rated Supplemental Annual Retainer shall begin on the date that the person first becomes a member of the Audit Committee, and shall resume on a quarterly basis thereafter.
(c) The director elected as the lead Independent Director shall be paid a Supplemental Annual Retainer for his or her service as such lead Independent Director during a Plan Year, payable quarterly at the same times as installments of the Base Annual Retainer. The amount of the Supplemental Annual Retainer for the lead Independent Director shall be established from time to time by the Board. Until changed by the Board, the Supplemental Annual Retainer for a full Plan Year for the lead Independent Director shall be $[ ]. A pro rata Supplemental Annual Retainer will be paid to any Eligible Participant who becomes the lead Independent Director on a date other than the beginning of a Plan Year, based on the number of full months he or she serves as lead Independent Director during the Plan Year. Payment of such pro-rated Supplemental Annual Retainer shall begin on the date that the person first becomes the lead Independent Director, and shall resume on a quarterly basis thereafter.
5.3. TRAVEL EXPENSE REIMBURSEMENT . All Eligible Participants shall be reimbursed for reasonable travel expenses in connection with attendance at meetings of the Board and its committees, or other Company functions at which the Chief Executive Officer or Chair of the Board requests the Independent Director to participate. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Companys reimbursement
- 3 -
obligations pursuant to this Section 5.3 shall be limited to expenses incurred during such directors service as an Independent Director. Such payments will be made within 30 days after delivery of the Independent Directors written requests for payment, accompanied by such evidence of expenses incurred as the Company may reasonably require, but in no event later than the last day of the Independent Directors tax year following the tax year in which the expense was incurred. The amount reimbursable in any one tax year shall not affect the amount reimbursable in any other tax year. Independent Directors right to reimbursement pursuant to this Section 5.3 shall not be subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit.
ARTICLE 6
EQUITY COMPENSATION
6.1. INITIAL STOCK GRANT . Subject to share availability under the Incentive Plan and the terms of this Section 6.1, beginning in 2013, on the first date an Independent Director is initially elected or appointed to the Board, he or she shall receive an award of [ ] fully-vested shares of Stock (which shares of Stock shall be subject to the one-year holding period applicable to all Class M shares). Notwithstanding the foregoing, each Independent Director elected or appointed to the Board prior to the last day of the first full calendar quarter following the date that the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-11 relating to its offering of up to $3,000,000,000 in any combination of Class A and Class M shares is declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC Effective Date ) and who remains an Independent Director as of the SEC Effective Date shall receive such initial Stock grant on the SEC Effective Date. Such shares of Stock shall be subject to the terms and conditions described herein and in the Incentive Plan and shall be in addition to any otherwise applicable annual grant of Stock granted to such Independent Director under Section 6.2.
6.2 SUBSEQUENT STOCK GRANT . Subject to share availability under the Incentive Plan, each Independent Director will receive an additional grant of [ ] fully-vested shares of Stock (which shares of Stock shall be subject to the one-year holding period applicable to all Class M shares) on the day following each annual stockholders meeting, subject to the Independent Directors continued service as an Independent Director on such date.
ARTICLE 7
AMENDMENT, MODIFICATION AND TERMINATION
7.1. AMENDMENT, MODIFICATION AND TERMINATION . The Board may, at any time and from time to time, amend, modify or terminate the Plan without stockholder approval; provided, however, that if an amendment to the Plan would, in the reasonable opinion of the Board, require stockholder approval under applicable laws, policies or regulations or the applicable listing or other requirements of a securities exchange on which the Stock is listed or traded, then such amendment shall be subject to stockholder approval; and provided further, that the Board may condition any other amendment or modification on the approval of stockholders of the Company for any reason.
ARTICLE 8
GENERAL PROVISIONS
8.1. ADJUSTMENTS . The adjustment provisions of the Incentive Plan shall apply with respect to equity awards granted pursuant to this Plan.
8.2 DURATION OF THE PLAN . The Plan shall remain in effect until terminated by the Board.
- 4 -
8.3. EXPENSES OF THE PLAN . The expenses of administering the Plan shall be borne by the Company.
8.4. EFFECTIVE DATE . The Plan was originally adopted by the Board on [ ], 2012, and will become effective as of the SEC Effective Date (the Effective Date ).
*****
The foregoing is hereby acknowledged as being the Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. Independent Directors Compensation Plan as adopted by the Board on [ ], 2012.
| JONES LANG LASALLE INCOME PROPERTY TRUST, INC. | ||
| By: | ||
| Chief Executive Officer | ||
- 5 -
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this sixth amendment to the Registration Statement on Form S-11 of our report dated March 8, 2012 except with respect to our opinion on the consolidated financial statements in so far as it relates to the effects of discontinued operations discussed in Note 3A, as to which the date is June 26, 2012, relating to the financial statements and financial statement schedule, which appears in Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc.s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 26, 2012. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading Experts in such Registration Statement.
/s/ P RICEWATERHOUSE C OOPERS LLP
Chicago, IL
September 20, 2012
Exhibit 23.4
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT VALUATION ADVISOR
We hereby consent to the reference to our name (including under the heading Experts) and description of our role in the valuation process of any properties owned by Jones Lang LaSalle Income Property Trust, Inc. (the Company) in the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-11 (Commission File No. 333-177963), including any amendments thereto, and the prospectus included therein.
| /s/ R EAL E STATE R ESEARCH C ORPORATION |
| Real Estate Research Corporation |
| Chicago, Illinois |
| September 20, 2012 |