As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 10, 2013
File No. 033-65137
File No. 811-07455
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
Under the SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Pre-Effective Amendment No.
Post-Effective Amendment No. 64
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
Under the INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
Amendment No. 65
(Check appropriate box or boxes)
Virtus Opportunities Trust
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
Area Code and Telephone Number: (800) 243-1574
101 Munson Street
Greenfield, Massachusetts 01301
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Kevin J. Carr, Esq.
Counsel
Virtus Investment Partners, Inc.
100 Pearl St.
Hartford, Connecticut 06103
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Copies of All Correspondence to:
David C. Mahaffey, Esq.
Sullivan & Worcester LLP
1666 K Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):
x immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
¨ on pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 485
¨ 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
¨ on or at such later date as the Commission shall order pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)
¨ 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)
¨ on pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485.
If appropriate, check the following box:
¨ this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.
This Post-Effective Amendment consists of the following:
1. | Facing Sheet of the Registration Statement |
2. | Prospectus for Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
3. | Part B |
4. | Part C |
5. | Signature Page |
This Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 is being filed for the sole purpose of completing the registration of the new fund named above.
Part A of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 to its registration statement filed on January 25, 2013, is incorporated by reference herein and this Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 is being filed for the sole purpose of completing the registration of shares of Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund.
PROSPECTUS | ||||||
TICKER SYMBOL BY CLASS | ||||||
FUND | A | C | I | |||
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | VLVAX | VLVCX | VLVIX |
TRUST NAME: | ||
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST | June 11, 2013 |
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. This prospectus contains important information that you should know before investing in Virtus mutual funds. Please read it carefully and retain it for future reference. |
Not FDIC Insured No Bank Guarantee May Lose Value |
Virtus Mutual Funds
FUND SUMMARY |
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MORE INFORMATION ABOUT INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES |
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MORE INFORMATION ABOUT RISKS RELATED TO PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES |
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Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund
Investment Objective
The fund has an investment objective of capital appreciation with lower volatility than the U.S. equity markets over a full market cycle.
Fees and Expenses
The tables below illustrate all fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in Virtus Mutual Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial advisor and under Sales Charges on page 15 of the funds prospectus and Alternative Purchase Arrangements on page 91 of the funds statement of additional information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | Class A | Class C | Class I | |||||||||
Maximum Sales Charge (load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price) | 5.75% | None | None | |||||||||
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (load) (as a percentage of the lesser of
purchase price or redemption
proceeds) |
1.00% | (a) | 1.00% | ( b ) | None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment ) | Class A | Class C | Class I | |||||||||
Management Fees | 0.95% | 0.95% | 0.95% | |||||||||
Distribution and Shareholder Servicing (12b-1) Fees | 0.25% | 1.00% | None | |||||||||
Other Expenses (c) | 0.81% | 0.81% | 0.81% | |||||||||
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses ( c ) | 0.09% | 0.09% | 0.09% | |||||||||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 2.10% | 2.85% | 1.85% | |||||||||
Less: Expense Reimbursement (d) | (0.55)% | (0.55)% | (0.55)% | |||||||||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement (d) | 1.55% | 2.30% | 1.30% |
(a) | Generally, Class A Shares are not subject to any charges by the Fund when redeemed; however, a contingent deferred sales charge may be imposed on certain redemptions (i) within 18 months on exchanges from a Virtus non-money market fund into a Virtus money market fund; and (ii) on purchases on which a finders fee has been paid. The 18-month period begins on the last day of the month preceding the month in which the purchase was made. |
(b) | The deferred sales charge is imposed on Class C Shares redeemed during the first year only. |
(c) | Estimated for current fiscal year. |
(d) | The funds investment adviser has contractually agreed to limit the funds total operating expenses (excluding interest, taxes, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses) so that such expenses do not exceed 1.55% for Class A Shares, 2.30% for Class C Shares and 1.30% for Class I Shares through January 31, 2015. Following the contractual period, the adviser may discontinue these expense reimbursement arrangements at any time. Under certain conditions, the adviser may recapture operating expenses reimbursed under these arrangements for a period of three years following the fiscal year in which such reimbursement occurred. |
Example
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the funds operating expenses remain the same and that the expense reimbursement arrangement remains in place only for the period indicated. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
Share Status | 1 Year | 3 Year | ||||||||
Class A | Sold or Held | $724 | $1,145 | |||||||
Class C | Sold | $333 | $831 | |||||||
Held | $233 | $831 | ||||||||
Class I | Sold or Held | $132 | $528 |
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 1 |
Portfolio Turnover
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the funds performance.
Investments, Risks and Performance
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund seeks to provide investors with long-term returns similar to U.S. large capitalization stocks with less volatility by:
· |
investing in a portfolio of primarily ETFs designed to produce returns generally in line with the broad U.S. equity market, although the fund may invest directly in large capitalization U.S. equity securities, |
· |
selling (writing) equity index call options, and |
· |
buying call options on CBOE Volatility Index ® (VIX ® ) futures. |
Writing index call options and buying call options on VIX futures are both techniques for limiting the volatility of the funds portfolio. Writing index call options is a way to monetize volatility, enhancing the funds risk-adjusted return as compared with an all-equity portfolio and providing steady cash flow. However, it also reduces the funds ability to profit from increases in the value of its equity portfolio. Buying call options on VIX futures is designed to protect the fund from a significant market decline over a short period of time because the value of a call option on VIX futures generally increases as stock prices decrease, and decreases as those stocks prices increase. By employing techniques to limit the risks associated with the U.S. large capitalization stocks represented in its portfolio, the fund expects its portfolio to experience less volatility than a portfolio of U.S. large capitalization stocks alone.
Under normal circumstances, the fund intends to invest at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities, which include ETFs representing the equity securities markets.
Principal Risks
The fund may not achieve its objective, and it is not intended to be a complete investment program. The value of the funds investments that supports your share value may decrease. If between the time you purchase shares and the time you sell shares the value of the funds investments decreases, you will lose money. Investment values can decrease for a number of reasons. Conditions affecting the overall economy, specific industries or companies in which the fund invests can be worse than expected, and investments may fail to perform as the adviser expects. As a result, the value of your shares may decrease. In addition, you will also be subject to the risks associated with the principal investment strategies of any ETFs in which the fund invests. The principal risks of investing in the fund are:
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Call Options Risks. The risk that selling index call options may limit the funds opportunity to profit from increases in the value of its equity portfolio, and the risk that buying call options may result in the loss of the premium paid for those options. |
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Equity Securities Risk. The risk that events negatively affecting issuers, industries or financial markets in which the fund invests, will impact the value of the stocks held by the fund and thus, the value of the funds shares over short or extended periods. |
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Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) Risk. The risk that the value of an ETF will be more volatile than the underlying portfolio of securities the ETF is designed to track, or that the costs to the fund of owning shares of the ETF will exceed those the fund would incur by investing in such securities directly. |
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Fund of Funds Risk. The risk that the underlying funds in which the fund invests will expose the fund to negative performance and additional expenses associated with investment in such funds, and increased volatility. |
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Low Volatility Strategy Risk. The risk that the funds techniques for limiting portfolio volatility will not be successful, will cause the funds portfolio to underperform its benchmark, or will cause the fund to lose money. |
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Market Volatility Risk. The risk that the value of the securities in which the fund invests may go up or down in response to the prospects of individual companies and/or general economic conditions. Price changes may be temporary or may last for extended periods. |
Performance Information
The fund has not had a full calendar year of operations; therefore, performance information is not shown here.
Management
The funds investment adviser is Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. (VIA).
The funds subadviser is Rampart Investment Management Company, LLC (Rampart).
2 | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
Portfolio Management
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Brendan R. Finneran, Portfolio Manager and Trader at Rampart, is a manager of the fund. Mr. Finneran has served as a Portfolio Manager of the fund since inception in June 2013. |
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Robert F. Hofeman, Jr., Portfolio Manager and Trader at Rampart, is a manager of the fund. Mr. Hofeman has served as a Portfolio Manager of the fund since inception in June 2013. |
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
Purchase Minimums (except Class I Shares) | ||
Minimum Initial Purchase | $2,500 | |
Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs), systematic purchase or systematic exchange accounts |
$100 | |
Defined contribution plans, asset-based fee programs, profit-sharing plans or employee benefit plans |
No minimum | |
Minimum Additional Purchase | $100 | |
Defined contribution plans, asset-based fee programs, profit-sharing plans or employee benefit plans |
No minimum |
For Class I Shares, the minimum initial purchase is $100,000; there is no minimum for additional purchases.
In general, you may buy or sell shares of the fund by mail or telephone on any business day. You also may buy and sell shares through a financial advisor.
Taxes
The funds distributions are taxable to you either as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. Such tax-deferred arrangements may be taxed later upon withdrawal of monies from those arrangements.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your financial advisor to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your financial advisor or visit your financial intermediarys Web site for more information.
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 3 |
More Information About Fund Expenses
Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. (VIA) has agreed to limit the total operating expenses (excluding interest, taxes, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses, if any) of certain of the funds so that such expenses do not exceed, on an annualized basis, the amounts indicated in the following table.
Class A
Shares |
Class C
Shares |
Class I
Shares |
Through Date | Type* | ||||||||||||
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
1.55% | 2.30% | 1.30% | January 31, 2015 | C |
C=Contractual
Following the contractual period, VIA may discontinue these arrangements at any time. Under certain conditions, VIA may recapture operating expenses waived or reimbursed under these expense limitation arrangements for a period of three years following the end of the fiscal period in which such waiver or reimbursement occurred.
4 | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
More Information About Investment Objective and Principal Investment Strategies
The investment objective and principal strategies of the fund are described in this section. The funds investment objective is non-fundamental. A non-fundamental investment objective may be changed by the Board of Trustees of the fund without shareholder approval. If the funds investment objective is changed, the prospectus will be supplemented to reflect the new investment objective and shareholders will be provided with at least 60 days advance notice of such change. There is no guarantee that the fund will achieve its objective.
Please see the statement of additional information (SAI) for additional information about the securities and investment strategies described in this prospectus and about additional securities and investment strategies that may be used by the funds.
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 5 |
Non-Fundamental Investment Objective:
The fund has an investment objective of capital appreciation with lower volatility than the U.S. equity markets over a full market cycle.
Principal Investment Strategies:
The fund seeks to provide investors with long-term returns similar to U.S. large capitalization stocks with less volatility by:
· |
investing in a portfolio of primarily ETFs designed to produce returns generally in line with the broad U.S. equity market, although the fund may invest directly in large capitalization U.S. equity securities, |
· |
selling (writing) equity index call options, and |
· |
buying call options on CBOE Volatility Index ® (VIX ® ) futures. |
Writing index call options and buying call options on VIX futures are both techniques for limiting the volatility of the funds portfolio. Writing index call options is a way to monetize volatility, enhancing the funds risk-adjusted return as compared with an all-equity portfolio and providing steady cash flow. However, it also reduces the funds ability to profit from increases in the value of its equity portfolio. Buying call options on VIX futures is designed to protect the fund from a significant market decline over a short period of time because the value of a call option on VIX futures generally increases as stock prices decrease, and decreases as those stocks prices increase. By employing techniques to limit the risks associated with the U.S. large capitalization stocks represented in its portfolio, the fund expects its portfolio to experience less volatility than a portfolio of U.S. large capitalization stocks alone.
Under normal circumstances, the fund intends to invest at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities, including ETFs representing the equity securities markets.
To the extent the fund invests primarily in ETFs it will be considered a fund of funds. The term fund of funds is typically used to describe mutual funds, such as the fund, whose primary investment strategy involves investing in other investment companies, such as ETFs and other mutual funds. Investments in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs, are subject to statutory limitations prescribed in the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the 1940 Act). Absent an available exemption, a fund may not: (i) acquire more than 3% of the voting securities of any other investment company, (ii) invest more that 5% of its total assets in securities of any one investment company, or (iii) invest more than 10% of its assets in securities of all investment companies. The fund has obtained exemptive relief from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to permit it to invest in affiliated and unaffiliated funds, including ETFs, beyond these statutory limitations, subject to certain conditions. Many ETFs also have obtained exemptive relief from the SEC to permit unaffiliated funds to invest in the ETFs shares beyond these statutory limitations, subject to certain conditions. The fund may rely on the various exemptive orders to invest in ETFs.
Temporary Defensive Strategy: If the subadviser does not believe that market conditions are favorable to the funds principal investment strategies, the fund may take temporary defensive positions that are inconsistent with its principal strategies by investing in cash or money market instruments, including, but not limited to, U.S. Government obligations maturing within one year from the date of purchase. When this allocation happens, the fund may not achieve its investment objective.
Please see More Information About Risks Related to Principal Investment Strategies for information about the risks of investing in the fund. Please refer to Additional Investment Techniques for other investment techniques of the fund.
6 | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
More Information About Risks Related to Principal Investment Strategies
The fund may not achieve its objective and is not intended to be a complete investment program.
Generally, the value of the funds investments that supports your share value may decrease. If between the time you purchase shares and the time you sell shares the value of the funds investments decreases, you will lose money.
Investment values can decrease for a number of reasons. Conditions affecting the overall economy, specific industries or companies in which the fund invests can be worse than expected and investments may fail to perform as the adviser or subadviser expects. As a result, the value of your shares may decrease.
Specific risks of investing in the funds are described. The risks may apply indirectly through the funds investments in other investment companies.
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 7 |
Call Options Risks
· |
Written Index Call Option Risk. A liquid market may not exist for options held by the fund. If the fund is not able to close out a written call option position, the fund may not be able to sell the underlying security. The funds investment strategy may also result in a lack of liquidity of the purchase and sale of portfolio securities. If the fund generates premiums from its sale of call options, these premiums typically will result in short-term capital gains for federal income tax purposes once the calls are closed at a profit. Distributions of net short-term capital gains are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income for federal income tax purposes. Transactions involving the disposition of the funds underlying securities (whether pursuant to the exercise of a call option or otherwise) will give rise to capital gains or losses. Because the fund will have no control over the exercise of the call options, it may be forced to realize capital gains or losses at inopportune times and it will not be able to control whether such gains or losses are short-term or long-term for federal income tax purposes. The funds portfolio turnover rate does not take into account short-term capital gains generated from premiums on the sale of call options. The fund is not designed for investors seeking a tax efficient investment. |
· |
Purchased Call Option Risk. When the fund purchases a call option on a security, index or index future, it may lose the entire premium paid if the underlying security, index or index future does not increase in value. The fund is also exposed to default by the option writer who may be unwilling or unable to perform its contractual obligations to the fund. |
Equity Securities Risk
Generally, prices of equity securities are more volatile than those of fixed income securities. The prices of equity securities will rise and fall in response to a number of different factors. In particular, equity securities will respond to events that affect entire financial markets or industries (such as changes in inflation or consumer demand) and to events that affect particular issuers (such as news about the success or failure of a new product). Equity securities also are subject to stock market risk, meaning that stock prices in general may decline over short or extended periods of time. When the value of the stocks held by the fund goes down, the value of the funds shares will be affected.
· |
Large Market Capitalization Companies. The value of investments in larger companies may not rise as much as smaller companies, or that larger companies may be unable to respond quickly to competitive challenges, such as changes in technology and consumer tastes. |
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) Risk
ETFs invest in a portfolio of securities designed to track a particular market segment or index. The risks associated with investing in ETFs generally reflect the risks of owning shares of the underlying securities the ETF is designed to track, although lack of liquidity in an ETF could result in its value being more volatile than the underlying portfolio of securities. Assets invested in ETFs incur a layering of expenses, including operating costs and advisory fees that fund shareholders indirectly bear; such expenses may exceed the expenses the fund would incur if it invested directly in the underlying portfolio of securities the ETF is designed to track. Shares of ETFs trade on a securities exchange and may trade at, above, or below their net asset value.
Fund of Funds Risk
Achieving a funds objective will depend on the performance of the underlying mutual funds, which depends on the particular securities in which the underlying mutual funds invest. Indirectly, the fund is subject to all risks associated with the underlying mutual funds. Since a funds performance depends on that of each underlying mutual fund, it may be subject to increased volatility.
Assets invested in other mutual funds incur a layering of expenses, including operating costs, advisory fees and administrative fees that you, as a shareholder in the fund, indirectly bear. Such fees and expenses may exceed the fees
8 | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
and expenses the fund would have incurred if it invested in the underlying funds assets directly. As the underlying funds or a funds allocations among the underlying funds change from time to time, or to the extent that the expense ratio of the underlying funds changes, the weighted average operating expenses borne by the fund may increase or decrease. If a fund invests in closed-end funds, it may incur added expenses such as additional management fees and trading costs and additional risks associated with trading at a discount to NAV and use of leverage.
The underlying funds may change their investment objective or policies without the approval of the fund, and the fund might be forced to withdraw its investment from the underlying fund at a time that is unfavorable to the fund.
Each underlying fund may be subject to risks other than those described because the types of investments made by an underlying fund can change over time. For further description of the risks associated with the underlying funds, please consult the underlying funds prospectus.
Low Volatility Strategy Risk
The effectiveness of the techniques used to attempt to limit the volatility in a funds portfolio may be reduced if the prices of portfolio securities and call options move in unexpected ways. This may limit the funds gains or expose the fund to losses. The success of these techniques will depend in part upon the subadvisers ability to correctly predict the movement of the call options in relation to the rest of the funds portfolio. A funds use of these techniques may also increase the amount of taxes payable by the fund or its shareholders.
Market Volatility Risk
The risk that the value of the securities in which a fund invests may go up or down in response to the prospects of individual companies and/or general economic conditions. Price changes may be temporary or may last for extended periods.
Instability in the financial markets has led to volatile financial markets that expose a fund to greater market and liquidity risk and potential difficulty in valuing portfolio instruments that it holds. In response to financial markets that experienced extreme volatility, and in some cases a lack of liquidity, the U.S. Government has taken a number of unprecedented actions, including acquiring distressed assets from financial institutions and acquiring ownership interests in those institutions. The implications of government ownership and disposition of these assets are unclear. Additional legislation or government regulation may also change the way in which funds themselves are regulated, which could limit or preclude a funds ability to achieve its investment objective.
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 9 |
The Adviser
Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. (VIA) is the investment adviser to the fund and is located at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103. VIA acts as the investment adviser for over 50 mutual funds and as adviser to institutional clients. As of March 31, 2013, VIA had approximately $34.4 billion in assets under management. VIA has acted as an investment adviser for over 70 years and is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. (Virtus), a publicly traded multi-manager asset management business.
Subject to the direction of the funds Board of Trustees, VIA is responsible for managing the funds investment programs and for the general operations of the funds, including oversight of the funds subadviser and for recommending its hiring, termination and replacement.
VIA has appointed and oversees the activities of the subadviser for the fund as follows. The subadviser manages the investments of the fund.
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | Rampart Investment Management Company, LLC |
Management Fees
The fund pays VIA an investment management fee that is accrued daily against the value of the funds net assets at the following annual rates.
First $2 billion |
$2+ billion
through $4 billion |
Over $4 billion | ||||
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 0.95% | 0.90% | 0.85% |
10 | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
The Subadviser
Rampart, an affiliate of VIA, is the subadviser to Low Volatility Fund and is located at One International Place, 14 th Floor, Boston, MA 02110. Rampart has been an investment adviser since 1983 and provides investment management and advisory services to mutual funds and institutional and high net worth investors through separately managed accounts. As of March 31, 2013, Rampart had approximately $1.4 billion in assets under management.
VIA pays the subadviser a subadvisory fee which is calculated on the funds average daily net assets at the following annual rates:
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 50% of net investment management fee |
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees approving the investment advisory and subadvisory agreements is expected to be available in the funds annual report, covering the period from inception through September 30, 2013.
VIA and the fund have received an exemptive order from the SEC that permits VIA, subject to certain conditions, and without the approval of shareholders, to: (a) employ a new unaffiliated subadviser for the fund pursuant to the terms of a new subadvisory agreement, in each case either as a replacement for an existing subadviser or as an additional subadviser; (b) change the terms of any subadvisory agreement; and (c) continue the employment of an existing subadviser on the same subadvisory agreement terms where an agreement has been assigned because of a change in control of the subadviser. In such circumstances, shareholders would receive notice of such action.
Portfolio Management
The following individuals are responsible for the day-to-day management of the funds portfolio.
Rampart
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
Brendan R. Finneran Robert Hofeman (both since the funds inception in June 2013) |
Brendan R. Finneran. Mr. Finneran serves as Portfolio Manager and Trader at Rampart Investment Management. Mr. Finneran joined Rampart in July of 2008 and has 10 years of investment experience. Prior to Rampart, he was trader and operations manager at Andover Capital Advisors (2003 to 2008), where he was responsible for operational account management (processing and settlement) for all equity, option, bond, bank debt, CDS and swap trades. Prior to Andover Capital Advisors, Brendan held various positions at Cone Jacquards and Robert Fleming as Account Manager.
Robert F. Hofeman, Jr. Mr. Hofeman serves as Portfolio Manager and Trader at Rampart Investment Management. Mr. Hofeman joined Rampart in May of 2012 with more than 11 years of investment experience. Prior to Rampart, he was an equity trading consultant for Linedata (2010 to 2012) where he translated buy-side business processes to the technology staff. Previously, Mr. Hofeman was a vice president of Evergreen Investments (2007 to 2009), where he traded stocks, options and futures, and was the primary trader at Ironwood Investment Management, LLC (2002 to 2007), focusing on small cap stocks and assisting with the research processes.
Please refer to the SAI for additional information about the funds portfolio managers, including the structure of and method of computing compensation, other accounts they manage and their ownership of shares of the funds.
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 11 |
How is the Share Price determined?
Each fund calculates a share price for each class of its shares. The share price for each class is based on the net assets of the fund and the number of outstanding shares of that class. In general, each fund calculates a share price for each class by:
· |
adding the values of all securities and other assets of the fund; |
· |
subtracting liabilities; and |
· |
dividing the result by the total number of outstanding shares of that class. |
Assets: Equity securities and ETFs are valued at the official closing price (typically last sale) on the exchange on which the securities are primarily traded, or if no closing price is available, at the last bid price. Shares of other investment companies are valued at such companies net asset values (NAVs). Debt securities (other than short-term investments) are valued on the basis of broker quotations or valuations provided by a pricing service, which in determining value utilizes information with respect to recent sales, market transactions in comparable securities, quotations from dealers, and various relationships between securities. Short-term investments having a remaining maturity of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost, which approximates market value. Other assets, such as accrued interest, accrued dividends and cash are also included in determining a funds NAV. As required, some securities and assets are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by, or under the direction of, the Board of Trustees.
Liabilities: Accrued liabilities for class-specific expenses (if any), distribution fees, service fees and other liabilities are deducted from the assets of each class. Accrued expenses and liabilities that are not class specific (such as management fees) are allocated to each class in proportion to each classs net assets except where an alternative allocation can be more appropriately made.
Net Asset Value: The liabilities allocated to a class are deducted from the proportionate interest of such class in the assets of the applicable fund. The resulting amount for each class is then divided by the number of shares outstanding of that class to produce each classs NAV per share.
The NAV per share of each class of each fund is determined as of the close of regular trading (normally 4:00 PM eastern time) on days when the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is open for trading. A fund will not calculate its NAV per share class on days when the NYSE is closed for trading. If a fund (or underlying fund, as applicable) holds securities that are traded on foreign exchanges that trade on weekends or other holidays when the funds do not price their shares, the NAV of the funds shares may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or redeem the funds shares.
12 | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
How are securities fair valued?
If market quotations are not readily available or available prices are not reliable, the funds (or underlying funds, as applicable) determine a fair value for an investment according to policies and procedures approved by the Board of Trustees. The types of assets for which such pricing might be required include (i) securities whose trading has been suspended; (ii) securities where the trading market is unusually thin or trades have been infrequent; (iii) debt securities that have recently gone into default and for which there is no current market quotation; (iv) a security whose market price is not available from an independent pricing source and for which otherwise reliable quotes are not available; (v) securities of an issuer that has entered into a restructuring; (vi) a security whose price as provided by any pricing source does not, in the opinion of the adviser/subadviser, reflect the securitys market value; (vii) foreign securities subject to trading collars for which no or limited trading takes place; and (viii) securities where the market quotations are not readily available as a result of significant events. This list is not inclusive of all situations that may require a security to be fair valued, nor is it intended to be conclusive in determining whether a specific event requires fair valuation.
The value of any portfolio security held by a fund for which market quotations are not readily available shall be determined in good faith and in a manner that assesses the securitys fair value on the valuation date ( i.e. , the amount that the fund might reasonably expect to receive for the security upon its current sale), based on a consideration of all available facts and all available information, including, but not limited to, the following: (i) the fundamental analytical data relating to the investment; (ii) an evaluation of the forces which influence the market in which these securities are purchased and sold ( e.g. , the existence of merger proposals or tender offers that might affect the value of the security); (iii) price quotes from dealers and/or pricing services; (iv) an analysis of the companys financial statements; (v) trading volumes on markets, exchanges or among dealers; (vi) recent news about the security or issuer; (vii) changes in interest rates; (viii) information obtained from the issuer, analysts, other financial institutions and/or the appropriate stock exchange (for exchange traded securities); (ix) whether two or more dealers with whom the adviser/subadviser regularly effects trades are willing to purchase or sell the security at comparable prices; (x) other news events or relevant matters; and (xi) government (domestic or foreign) actions or pronouncements.
Certain foreign common stocks may be fair valued in cases where closing prices are not readily available or are deemed not reflective of readily available market prices. For example, events (such as movement in the U.S. securities market, or other regional and local developments) may occur between the time that foreign markets close (where the security is principally traded) and the time that the fund calculates its NAV (generally, the close of regular trading on the NYSE) that may impact the value of securities traded in these foreign markets. In such cases, information from an external vendor may be utilized to adjust closing market prices of certain foreign common stocks to reflect their fair value. Because the frequency of significant events is not predictable, fair valuation of certain foreign common stocks may occur on a frequent basis.
The value of a security, as determined using the funds fair valuation procedures, may not reflect such securitys market value.
At what price are shares purchased?
All investments received by the funds authorized agents in good order prior to the close of regular trading on the NYSE (normally 4:00 PM eastern time) will be executed based on that days NAV. Shares credited to your account from the reinvestment of fund distributions will be in full and fractional shares that are purchased at the closing net asset value on the next business day on which the respective funds NAV is calculated following the dividend record date.
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What are the classes and how do they differ?
Presently, the fund offers three classes of shares. With the exception of Class I Shares, each class of shares has different sales and distribution charges. (See Fees and Expenses in each funds Fund Summary, previously in this prospectus.) For certain classes of shares, the funds have adopted distribution and service plans allowed under Rule 12b-1 of the 1940 Act (Rule 12b-1 Fees), as amended, that authorize the funds to pay distribution and service fees for the sale of their shares and for services provided to shareholders. The Rule 12b-1 Fees for each class of the funds shares are as follows:
Class A | Class C | Class I | ||||
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
0.25% | 1.00% | None |
What arrangement is best for you?
The different classes of shares permit you to choose the method of purchasing shares that is most beneficial to you. In choosing a class of shares, consider the amount of your investment, the length of time you expect to hold the shares, whether you decide to receive distributions in cash or to reinvest them in additional shares, and any other personal circumstances. Depending upon these considerations, the accumulated distribution and service fees and contingent deferred sales charges of one class of shares may be more or less than the initial sales charge and accumulated distribution and service fees of another class of shares bought at the same time. Because distribution and service fees are paid out of a funds assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges.
Your financial representative should recommend only those arrangements that are suitable for you based on known information. In certain instances, you may be entitled to a reduction or waiver of sales charges. For instance, you may be entitled to a sales charge discount on Class A Shares if you purchase more than certain breakpoint amounts. You should inform or inquire of your financial representative whether or not you may be entitled to a sales charge discount attributable to your total holdings in a fund or affiliated funds. To determine eligibility for a sales charge discount, you may aggregate all of your accounts (including joint accounts, retirement accounts such as IRAs, non-IRAs, etc.) and those of your spouse and minor children. The financial representative may request you to provide an account statement or other holdings information to determine your eligibility for a breakpoint and to make certain all involved parties have the necessary data. Additional information about the classes of shares offered, sales charges, breakpoints and discounts follows in this section and also may be found in the SAI in the section entitled How to Buy Shares. This information is available free of charge, and in a clear and prominent format, at the Individual Investors section of virtus.com . Please be sure that you fully understand these choices before investing. If you or your financial representative require additional assistance, you may also contact Virtus Mutual Fund Services by calling toll-free 800-243-1574.
Class A Shares. If you purchase Class A Shares, you will pay a sales charge at the time of purchase equal to, 5.75% of the offering price (6.10% of the amount invested). The sales charge may be reduced or waived under certain conditions. (See Initial Sales Charge AlternativeClass A Shares below.) Generally, Class A Shares are not subject to any charges by the fund when redeemed; however, a contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) may be imposed on certain redemptions within 18 months on exchanges from a Virtus non-money market fund into a Virtus money market fund and purchases on which a finders fee has been paid. For all Virtus fixed income funds, the CDSC is 0.50%; for all other Virtus Mutual Funds, the CDSC is 1.00%. The 18-month period begins on the last day of the month preceding the month in which the purchase was made. Class A Shares have lower distribution and service fees (0.25%) and generally pay higher dividends than Class C Shares.
Class C Shares. If you purchase Class C Shares, you will not pay a sales charge at the time of purchase. If you sell your Class C Shares within the first year after they are purchased, you will pay a deferred sales charge of 1%. (See Deferred Sales Charge AlternativeClass C Shares below.) Class C Shares do not convert to any other class of shares of the fund, so the higher distribution and service fees paid by Class C Shares continue for the life of the account.
Class I Shares. Class I shares are offered primarily to clients of financial intermediaries that (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the funds distributor to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include pension and profit sharing plans, other employee benefit trusts, endowments, foundations and corporations. Class I shares are also offered to private and institutional clients of, or referred by, the adviser, a subadviser or their affiliates, and to Trustees of the funds and trustees/directors of affiliated open- and closed-end funds, and directors, officers and employees of Virtus and its affiliates. If you are eligible to purchase and do purchase Class I Shares, you will pay no sales charge at any time. There are no distribution and service fees applicable to Class I Shares. For additional information about purchasing Class I Shares, please contact Virtus Mutual Fund Services by calling 800-243-1574.
14 | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
Initial Sales Charge AlternativeClass A Shares
The public offering price of Class A Shares is the NAV plus a sales charge that varies depending on the size of your purchase. (See Class A SharesReduced Initial Sales Charges in the SAI.) Shares purchased based on the automatic reinvestment of income dividends or capital gain distributions are not subject to any sales charges. The sales charge is divided between your investment dealer and VP Distributors, LLC (the Distributor.)
Sales Charge you may pay to purchase Class A Shares
Sales Charge as a percentage of | ||||||||
Amount of Transaction at Offering Price |
Offering
Price |
Net
Amount Invested |
||||||
Under $50,000 | 5.75 | % | 6.10 | % | ||||
$50,000 but under $100,000 | 4.75 | 4.99 | ||||||
$100,000 but under $250,000 | 3.75 | 3.90 | ||||||
$250,000 but under $500,000 | 2.75 | 2.83 | ||||||
$500,000 but under $1,000,000 | 2.00 | 2.04 | ||||||
$1,000,000 or more | None | None |
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge you may pay on Class A Shares
Investors buying Class A Shares on which a finders fee has been paid may incur a CDSC if they redeem their shares within 18 months of purchase. The CDSC is 1.00%.
Class A Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers
Investors may reduce or eliminate sales charges applicable to purchases of Class A Shares through utilization of Combination Purchase Privilege, Letter of Intent, Right of Accumulation, Purchase by Associations or the Account Reinstatement Privilege. These programs are summarized below and are described in greater detail in the SAI.
Combination Purchase Privilege. Your purchase of any class of shares of these funds or any other Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any Virtus money market fund), if made at the same time by the same person, will be added together with any existing Virtus Mutual Fund account values to determine whether the combined sum entitles you to an immediate reduction in sales charges. A person is defined in this and the following sections as (a) any individual, their spouse and minor children purchasing shares for his or their own account (including an IRA account) including his or their own trust; (b) a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing for a single trust, estate or single fiduciary account (even though more than one beneficiary may exist); (c) multiple employer trusts or certain Section 403(b) plans for the same employer; (d) multiple accounts (up to 200) under a qualified employee benefit plan or administered by a third party administrator; or (e) trust companies, bank trust departments, registered investment advisers, and similar entities placing orders or providing administrative services with respect to accounts over which they exercise discretionary investment authority and which are held in a fiduciary, agency, custodial or similar capacity, provided all shares are held of record in the name, or nominee name, of the entity placing the order.
Letter of Intent. If you sign a Letter of Intent, your purchase of any class of shares of these funds or any other Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any Virtus money market fund), if made by the same person within a 13-month period, will be added together to determine whether you are entitled to an immediate reduction in sales charges. Sales charges are reduced based on the overall amount you indicate that you will buy under the Letter of Intent. The Letter of Intent is a mutually non-binding arrangement between you and Virtus Mutual Funds. Shares worth 5% of the amount of each purchase will be held in escrow (while remaining registered in your name) to secure payment of the higher sales charges applicable to the shares actually purchased in the event the full intended amount is not purchased.
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Right of Accumulation. The value of your account(s) in any class of shares of these funds or any other Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any Virtus money market fund) if made over time by the same person, may be added together at the time of each purchase to determine whether the combined sum entitles you to a prospective reduction in sales charges. You must provide certain account information to Virtus Mutual Funds or their agents at the time of purchase to exercise this right.
Purchase by Associations. Certain groups or associations may be treated as a person and qualify for reduced Class A Share sales charges. The group or association must: (1) have been in existence for at least six months; (2) have a legitimate purpose other than to purchase mutual fund shares at a reduced sales charge; (3) work through an investment dealer; and (4) not be a group whose sole reason for existing is to consist of members who are credit card holders of a particular company, policyholders of an insurance company, customers of a bank or a broker-dealer or clients of an investment adviser.
Account Reinstatement Privilege. Subject to the funds policies and procedures regarding market timing, for 180 days after you sell your Class A Shares on which you previously paid a sales charge, you may purchase Class A Shares of any Virtus Mutual Fund at NAV, with no sales charge, by reinvesting all or part of your proceeds, but not more.
Sales at Net Asset Value. In addition to the programs summarized above, the funds may sell their Class A Shares at NAV without an initial sales charge to certain types of accounts or account holders, including, but not limited to: trustees of the Virtus Mutual Funds; directors, officers, employees and sales representatives of the adviser, subadviser (if any) or Distributor or a corporate affiliate of the adviser, subadviser or Distributor; private clients of an adviser or subadviser to any of the Virtus Mutual Funds; registered representatives and employees of dealers with which the Distributor has sales agreements; and certain qualified employee benefit plans, endowment funds or foundations. Please see the SAI for more information about qualifying for purchases of Class A Shares at NAV.
Deferred Sales Charge AlternativeClass C Shares
Class C Shares are purchased without an initial sales charge; however, shares sold within a specified time period are subject to a declining CDSC at the rates listed below. The sales charge will be multiplied by the then current market value or the initial cost of the shares being redeemed, whichever is less. No sales charge will be imposed on increases in NAV or on shares purchased through the reinvestment of income dividends or capital gain distributions. To minimize the sales charge, shares not subject to any charge will be redeemed first, followed by shares held the longest time. To calculate the number of shares owned and time period held, all Class C Shares are considered purchased on the trade date.
Deferred Sales Charge you may pay to sell Class C Shares
Year | 1 | 2+ | ||||||
CDSC | 1 | % | 0 | % |
Compensation to Dealers
Dealers with whom the Distributor has entered into sales agreements receive a discount or commission on Class A Shares as described below.
Amount of
Transaction at Offering Price |
Sales Charge as a
Percentage of Offering Price |
Sales Charge as a
Percentage of Amount Invested |
Dealer Discount as a
Percentage of Offering Price |
|||||||||
Under $50,000 | 5.75 | % | 6.10 | % | 5.00 | % | ||||||
$50,000 but under $100,000 | 4.75 | 4.99 | 4.25 | |||||||||
$100,000 but under $250,000 | 3.75 | 3.90 | 3.25 | |||||||||
$250,000 but under $500,000 | 2.75 | 2.83 | 2.25 | |||||||||
$500,000 but under $1,000,000 | 2.00 | 2.04 | 1.75 | |||||||||
$1,000,000 or more | None | None | None |
16 | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
With respect to Class C Shares, the Distributor intends to pay investment dealers a sales commission of 1% of the sale price of Class C Shares. (This sales commission will not be paid to dealers for sales of Class C Shares purchased by 401(k) participants of the Merrill Lynch Daily K Plan due to a waiver of the CDSC for these plan participants purchases.) Your broker, dealer or financial advisor may also charge you additional commissions or fees for their services in selling shares to you provided they notify the Distributor of their intention to do so.
Dealers and other entities that enter into special arrangements with the Distributor may receive compensation for the sale and promotion of shares of these funds and/or for providing other shareholder services. Such fees are in addition to the sales commissions referenced above and may be based upon the amount of sales of fund shares by a dealer; the provision of assistance in marketing of fund shares; access to sales personnel and information dissemination services; provision of recordkeeping and administrative services to qualified employee benefit plans; and other criteria as established by the Distributor. Depending on the nature of the services, these fees may be paid either from the funds through distribution fees, service fees or transfer agent fees or, in some cases, the Distributor may pay certain fees from its own profits and resources.
From its own profits and resources, the Distributor may, from time to time, make payments to qualified wholesalers, registered financial institutions and third party marketers for marketing support services and/or retention of assets. Among others, the Distributor has agreed to make such payments for marketing support services to AXA Advisors, LLC. Additionally, the Distributor may pay broker-dealers a finders fee in an amount equal to 1.00% of eligible Class A Share purchases from $1,000,000 to $3,000,000, 0.50% on amounts of $3,000,001 to $10,000,000, and 0.25% on amounts greater than $10,000,000. Purchases of Class A Shares by an account in the name of a qualified employee benefit plan are eligible for a finders fee only if such plan has at least 100 eligible employees. A CDSC may be imposed on certain redemptions of such Class A investments within 18 months of purchase. The CDSC is 1.00%. For purposes of determining the applicability of the CDSC, the 18-month period begins on the last day of the month preceding the month in which the purchase was made. The Distributor will also pay broker-dealers a service fee of 0.25% beginning in the thirteenth month following purchase of Class A Shares on which a finders fee has been paid. The Distributor reserves the right to discontinue or alter such fee payment plans at any time.
From its own resources or pursuant to the distribution and shareholder servicing plans, and subject to the dealers prior approval, the Distributor may provide additional compensation to registered representatives of dealers in the form of travel expenses, meals, and lodging associated with training and educational meetings sponsored by the Distributor. The Distributor may also provide gifts amounting in value to less than $100, and occasional meals or entertainment, to registered representatives of dealers. Any such travel expenses, meals, lodging, gifts or entertainment paid will not be preconditioned upon the registered representatives or dealers achievement of a sales target. The Distributor may, from time to time, reallow the entire portion of the sales charge on Class A Shares which it normally retains to individual selling dealers. However, such additional reallowance generally will be made only when the selling dealer commits to substantial marketing support such as internal wholesaling through dedicated personnel, internal communications and mass mailings.
The Distributor has agreed to pay fees to certain distributors for preferred marketing opportunities. These arrangements may be viewed as creating a conflict of interest between these distributors and investors. Investors should make due inquiry of their selling agents to ensure that they are receiving the requisite point of sale disclosures and suitable recommendations free of any influence by reason of these arrangements.
A document containing information about sales charges, including breakpoint (volume) discounts, is available free of charge on the Virtus website at virtus.com . In the Individual Investors section, go to the tab Investors Knowledge Base and click on the link for Breakpoint (Volume) Discounts.
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 17 |
Opening an Account
Your financial advisor can assist you with your initial purchase as well as all phases of your investment program. If you are opening an account by yourself, please follow the instructions outlined below. These procedures do not apply to purchases of Class I Shares. For information about purchasing Class I Shares, please contact Virtus Mutual Fund Services by calling 800-243-1574.
The funds have established the following preferred methods of payment for fund shares:
· |
Checks drawn on an account in the name of the investor and made payable to Virtus Mutual Funds; |
· |
Checks drawn on an account in the name of the investors company or employer and made payable to Virtus Mutual Funds; or |
· |
Wire transfers or Automated Clearing House (ACH) transfers from an account in the name of the investor, or the investors company or employer. |
Payment in other forms may be accepted at the discretion of the funds; however, the funds generally do not accept such other forms of payment as cash equivalents (such as travelers checks, cashiers checks, money orders or bank drafts), starter checks, credit card convenience checks, or certain third party checks. Please specify the name(s) of the fund or funds in which you would like to invest on the check or transfer instructions.
To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account. Accordingly, when you open an account, we will ask for your name, address, date of birth and other information that will allow us to identify you. We may check the information you provide against publicly available databases, information obtained from consumer reporting agencies, other financial institutions or other sources. If, after reasonable effort, we cannot verify your identity, we reserve the right to close the account and redeem the shares at the NAV next calculated after the decision is made by us to close the account.
Step 1.
Your first choice will be the initial amount you intend to invest.
Minimum initial investments:
> |
$100 for individual retirement accounts (IRAs), accounts that use the systematic exchange privilege or accounts that use the Systematic Purchase program. (See below for more information on the Systematic Purchase program.) |
> |
There is no initial dollar requirement for defined contribution plans, asset-based fee programs, profit-sharing plans or employee benefit plans. There is also no minimum for reinvesting dividends and capital gains into another account. Additionally, shareholders who own Class B Shares of a fund may purchase Class A Shares or Class C Shares of the same fund without regard to the minimum initial investment requirements. |
> |
$2,500 for all other accounts. |
Minimum additional investments:
> |
$100 for any account. |
> |
There is no minimum additional investment requirement for defined contribution plans, asset-based fee programs, profit-sharing plans or employee benefit plans. There is also no minimum additional investment requirement for reinvesting dividends and capital gains into an existing account. |
The funds reserve the right to refuse a purchase order for any reason.
18 | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
Step 2.
Your second choice will be what class of shares to buy. Each share class has different sales and distribution charges. Because all future investments in your account will be made in the share class you choose when you open your account, you should make your decision carefully. Your financial advisor can help you pick the share class that makes the most sense for your situation.
Step 3.
Your next choice will be how you want to receive any dividends and capital gain distributions. Your options are:
> |
Receive both dividends and capital gain distributions in additional shares; |
> |
Receive dividends in additional shares and capital gain distributions in cash; |
> |
Receive dividends in cash and capital gain distributions in additional shares; or |
> |
Receive both dividends and capital gain distributions in cash. |
No interest will be paid on uncashed distribution checks.
To Open An Account
(Class A and Class C Shares only) |
||
Through a financial advisor | Contact your advisor. Some advisors may charge a fee and may set different minimum investments or limitations on buying shares. | |
Through the mail | Complete a New Account Application and send it with a check payable to the fund. Mail them to: Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074. | |
Through express delivery | Complete a New Account Application and send it with a check payable to the fund. Send them to: Virtus Mutual Funds, 4400 Computer Drive, Westborough, MA 01581-1722. | |
By Federal Funds wire | Call us at 800-243-1574 (press 1, then 0). | |
By Systematic Purchase | Complete the appropriate section on the application and send it with your initial investment payable to the fund. Mail them to: Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074. | |
By telephone exchange | Call us at 800-243-1574 (press 1, then 0). |
The price at which a purchase is effected is based on the NAV next determined after receipt of a purchase order in good order by the funds transfer agent, Virtus Fund Services, LLC (the Transfer Agent). A purchase order is generally in good order if an acceptable form of payment accompanies the purchase order and the order includes the appropriate application(s) and/or other form(s) and any supporting legal documentation required by the Transfer Agent, each in legible form.
Each fund reserves the right to refuse any order that may disrupt the efficient management of that fund.
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 19 |
You have the right to have the funds buy back shares at the NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption order by the funds Transfer Agent or an authorized agent. In the case of a Class B Share, Class C Share or Class T Share redemption, and certain Class A Share redemptions, you will be subject to the applicable contingent deferred sales charge, if any, for such shares. Subject to certain restrictions, shares may be redeemed by telephone or in writing. In addition, shares may be sold through securities dealers, brokers or agents who may charge customary commissions or fees for their services. The funds do not charge any redemption fees. Payment for shares redeemed is generally made within seven days; however, redemption proceeds will not be disbursed until each check used for purchases of shares has been cleared for payment by your bank, which may take up to 15 days after receipt of the check.
To Sell Shares (Class A and Class C Shares only) |
||
Through a financial advisor | Contact your advisor. Some advisors may charge a fee and may set different minimums on redemptions of accounts. | |
Through the mail | Send a letter of instruction to: Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074. Be sure to include the registered owners name, fund and account number and number of shares or dollar value you wish to sell. | |
Through express delivery | Send a letter of instruction to: Virtus Mutual Funds, 4400 Computer Drive, Westborough, MA 01581-1722. Be sure to include the registered owners name, fund and account number and number of shares or dollar value you wish to sell. | |
By telephone | For sales up to $50,000, requests can be made by calling 800-243-1574. | |
By telephone exchange | Call us at 800-243-1574 (press 1, then 0). | |
By check (fixed income funds only) | If you selected the checkwriting feature, you may write checks for amounts of $250 or more. Checks may not be used to close accounts. |
Things You Should Know When Selling Shares
You may realize a taxable gain or loss (for federal income tax purposes) if you redeem or exchange shares of the funds. Each fund reserves the right to pay large redemptions in kind ( i.e. , in securities owned by the fund) rather than in cash. Large redemptions are those that exceed $250,000 or 1% of the funds net assets, whichever is less, over any 90-day period. Additional documentation will be required for redemptions by organizations, fiduciaries, or retirement plans, or if a redemption is requested by anyone but the shareholder(s) of record. Transfers between broker-dealer street accounts are governed by the accepting broker-dealer.
Questions regarding this type of transfer should be directed to your financial advisor. Redemption requests will not be honored until all required documents, in proper form, have been received. To avoid delay in redemption or transfer, shareholders having questions about specific requirements should contact the funds Transfer Agent at 800-243-1574.
Redemptions by Mail
Þ |
If you are selling shares held individually, jointly, or as custodian under the Uniform Gifts to Minors Act or Uniform Transfers to Minors Act: |
Send a clear letter of instruction if both of these apply:
· |
The proceeds do not exceed $50,000. |
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The proceeds are payable to the registered owner at the address on record. |
· |
Send a clear letter of instruction with a signature guarantee when any of these apply: |
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You are selling more than $50,000 worth of shares. |
· |
The name or address on the account has changed within the last 30 days. |
· |
You want the proceeds to go to a different name or address than on the account. |
20 | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
Þ |
If you are selling shares held in a corporate or fiduciary account, please contact the funds Transfer Agent at 800-243-1574. |
If required, the signature guarantee must be a STAMP 2000 Medallion guarantee and be made by an eligible guarantor institution as defined by the funds Transfer Agent in accordance with its signature guarantee procedures. Guarantees using previous technology medallions will not be accepted. As of the date of the Prospectus, the Transfer Agents signature guarantee procedures generally permit guarantees by banks, broker-dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered securities associations, clearing agencies and savings associations.
Selling Shares by Telephone
The Transfer Agent will use reasonable procedures to confirm that telephone instructions are genuine. Address and bank account information are verified, redemption instructions are taped, and all redemptions are confirmed in writing.
The individual investor bears the risk from instructions given by an unauthorized third-party that the Transfer Agent reasonably believed to be genuine.
The Transfer Agent may modify or terminate the telephone redemption privilege at any time with 60 days notice to shareholders, except for instances of disruptive trading or market timing; in such cases, the telephone redemption privilege may be suspended immediately, followed by written notice. (See Disruptive Trading and Market Timing in this prospectus.)
During times of drastic economic or market changes, telephone redemptions may be difficult to make or temporarily suspended; however, shareholders would be able to make redemptions through other methods described above.
Account Reinstatement Privilege
Subject to the funds policies and procedures regarding market timing, for 180 days after you sell your Class A Shares or Class B Shares on which you have previously paid a sales charge, you may purchase Class A Shares of any Virtus Mutual Fund at NAV, with no sales charge, by reinvesting all or part of your proceeds, but not more. Send your written request to Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074. You can call Virtus Mutual Fund Services at 800-243-1574 for more information.
Please remember, a redemption and reinvestment are considered to be a sale and purchase for tax-reporting purposes. Class B shareholders who have had the contingent deferred sales charge waived because they are in the Systematic Withdrawal Program are not eligible for this reinstatement privilege.
Annual Fee on Small Accounts
To help offset the costs associated with maintaining small accounts, Virtus Mutual Funds reserve the right to assess an annual $25 small account fee on fund accounts with a balance below $2,500. The small account fee may be waived in certain circumstances, such as for accounts that have elected electronic delivery of statements/regulatory documents and accounts owned by shareholders having multiple accounts with a combined value of over $25,000. The small account fee does not apply to accounts held through a financial intermediary.
The small account fee will be collected through the automatic sale of shares in your account. We will send you written notice before we charge the $25 fee so that you may increase your account balance above the minimum, sign up for electronic delivery, consolidate your accounts or liquidate your account. You may take these actions at any time by contacting your investment professional of the Transfer Agent.
Redemption of Small Accounts
Due to the high cost of maintaining small accounts, if your redemption activity causes your account balance to fall below $200, you may receive a notice requesting you to bring the balance up to $200 within 60 days. If you do not, the shares in the account will be sold at NAV, and a check will be mailed to the address of record.
Distributions of Small Amounts
Distributions in amounts less than $10 will automatically be reinvested in additional shares of the applicable fund.
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 21 |
Uncashed Checks
If any correspondence sent by a fund is returned by the postal or other delivery service as undeliverable, your dividends or any other distribution may be automatically reinvested in the respective fund.
If your distribution check is not cashed within six months, the distribution may be reinvested in the fund at the current NAV. You will not receive any interest on uncashed distribution or redemption checks. This provision may not apply to certain retirement or qualified accounts.
Inactive Accounts
As required by the laws of certain states, if no activity occurs in an account within the time period specified by your state law, the assets in your account may be transferred to the state.
Exchange Privileges
You should read the prospectus of the Virtus Mutual Fund(s) into which you want to make an exchange before deciding to make an exchange. You can obtain a prospectus from your financial advisor; by calling 800-243-4361; or on the Internet at virtus.com .
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You may exchange shares of one fund for the same class of shares of another Virtus Mutual Fund ( e.g. , Class A Shares for Class A Shares). Class C Shares are also exchangeable for Class T Shares of those Virtus Mutual Funds offering them. Exchange privileges may not be available for all Virtus Mutual Funds and may be rejected or suspended. |
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On exchanges into Class A of a Virtus money market fund from Class A of a Virtus non-money market fund made within 18 months of a finders fee being paid on such Virtus non-money market fund shares, a CDSC may be assessed on exchange proceeds. For all Virtus fixed income funds, the CDSC is 0.50%; for all other Virtus Mutual Funds, the CDSC is 1.00%. |
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Exchanges may be made by telephone (800-243-1574) or by mail (Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074)). |
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The amount of the exchange must be equal to or greater than the minimum initial investment required, unless the minimum has been waived (as described in the SAI). |
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The exchange of shares is treated as a sale and a purchase for federal income tax purposes. |
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In certain circumstances, a fund or the Distributor may enter into an agreement with a financial intermediary to permit exchanges from one class of a fund into another class of the same fund, subject to certain conditions. Such exchanges will only be permitted if, among other things, the financial intermediary agrees to follow procedures established by the fund or Distributor, which generally will require that the exchanges be carried out (i) within accounts maintained and controlled by the intermediary, (ii) on behalf of all or a particular segment of beneficial owners holding shares of the affected fund within those accounts, and (iii) all at once or within a given time period, or as agreed upon in writing by the fund or the Distributor and the financial intermediary. A shareholders ability to make this type of exchange may be limited by operational or other limitations of his or her financial intermediary or the fund. |
22 | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
Disruptive Trading and Market Timing
These funds are not suitable for market timers and market timers are discouraged from becoming investors. Your ability to make exchanges among Virtus Mutual Funds is subject to modification if we determine, in our sole opinion, that your exercise of the exchange privilege may disadvantage or potentially harm the rights or interests of other shareholders.
Frequent purchases, redemptions and exchanges, programmed exchanges, exchanges into and then out of a fund in a short period of time, and exchanges of large amounts at one time may be indicative of market timing and otherwise disruptive trading (Disruptive Trading) which can have risks and harmful effects for other shareholders. These risks and harmful effects include:
· |
dilution of the interests of long-term investors, if market timers or others exchange into a fund at prices that are below the true value or exchange out of a fund at prices that are higher than the true value; |
· |
an adverse effect on portfolio management, as determined by portfolio management in its sole discretion, such as causing the fund to maintain a higher level of cash than would otherwise be the case, or causing the fund to liquidate investments prematurely; and |
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reducing returns to long-term shareholders through increased brokerage and administrative expenses. |
In order to attempt to protect our shareholders from the potential harmful effects of Disruptive Trading, the funds Board of Trustees has adopted market timing policies and procedures designed to discourage Disruptive Trading. The Board has adopted these policies and procedures as a preventive measure to protect all shareholders from the potential effects of Disruptive Trading, while also abiding by any rights that shareholders may have to make exchanges and provide reasonable and convenient methods of making exchanges that do not have the potential to harm other shareholders.
Excessive trading activity is measured by the number of roundtrip transactions in an account. A roundtrip transaction is one where a shareholder buys and then sells, or sells and then buys, shares of any fund within 30 days. Shareholders of the funds are limited to one roundtrip transaction within any rolling 30-day period. Roundtrip transactions are counted at the shareholder level. In considering a shareholders trading activity, the funds may consider, among other factors, the shareholders trading history both directly and, if known, through financial intermediaries, in the funds, in other funds within the Virtus Mutual Fund complex, in non-Virtus mutual funds or in accounts under common control or ownership. We do not include exchanges made pursuant to the dollar cost averaging or other similar programs when applying our market timing policies. Systematic withdrawal and/or contribution programs, mandatory retirement distributions, and transactions initiated by a plan sponsor also will not count towards the roundtrip limits. The funds may permit exchanges that they believe, in the exercise of their judgment, are not disruptive. The size of the fund and the size of the requested transaction may be considered when determining whether or not the transaction would be disruptive.
Shareholders holding shares for at least 30 days following investment will ordinarily be in compliance with the funds policies regarding market timing. The funds may, however, take action if activity is deemed disruptive even if shares are held longer than 30 days, such as a request for a transaction of an unusually large size. The size of the fund and the size of the requested transaction may be considered when determining whether or not the transaction would be disruptive.
Under our market timing policies, we may modify your exchange privileges for some or all of the funds by not accepting an exchange request from you or from any person, asset allocation service, and/or market timing services made on your behalf. We may also limit the amount that may be exchanged into or out of any fund at any one time or could revoke your right to make Internet, telephone or facsimile exchanges. We may reinstate Internet, telephone and facsimile exchange privileges after they are revoked, but we will not reinstate these privileges if we have reason to believe that they might be used thereafter for Disruptive Trading.
The funds currently do not charge exchange or redemption fees, or any other administrative charges on fund exchanges. The funds reserve the right to impose such fees and/or charges in the future.
Orders for the purchase of fund shares are subject to acceptance by the relevant fund. We reserve the right to reject, without prior notice, any exchange request into any fund if the purchase of shares in the corresponding fund is not accepted for any reason.
The funds do not have any arrangements with any person, organization or entity to permit frequent purchases and redemptions of fund shares.
We may, without prior notice, take whatever action we deem appropriate to comply with or take advantage of any state or federal regulatory requirement. The funds reserve the right to reject any purchase or exchange transaction at any time. If we reject a purchase or exchange for any reason, we will notify you of our decision in writing.
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 23 |
The funds cannot guarantee that their policies and procedures regarding market timing will be effective in detecting and deterring all Disruptive Trading.
Retirement Plans
Shares of the funds may be used as investments under the following retirement plans: traditional IRA, rollover IRA, SEP-IRA, SIMPLE IRA, Roth IRA, 401(k) plans, profit-sharing, money purchase plans, and certain 403(b) plans. For more information, call 800-243-4361.
Investor Services and Other Information
Systematic Purchase is a systematic investment plan that allows you to have a specified amount automatically deducted from your checking or savings account and then deposited into your mutual fund account. Just complete the Systematic Purchase Section on the application and include a voided check.
Systematic Exchange allows you to automatically move money from one Virtus Mutual Fund to another on a monthly, quarterly, semiannual or annual basis. Shares of one Virtus Mutual Fund will be exchanged for shares of the same class of another Virtus Mutual Fund at the interval you select. To sign up, just complete the Systematic Exchange Section on the application. Exchange privileges may not be available for all Virtus Mutual Funds, and may be rejected or suspended.
Telephone Exchange lets you exchange shares of one Virtus Mutual Fund for the same class of shares in another Virtus Mutual Fund, using our customer service telephone service. (See the Telephone Exchange section on the application.) Exchange privileges may not be available for all Virtus Mutual Funds, and may be rejected or suspended.
Systematic Withdrawal allows you to periodically redeem a portion of your account on a predetermined monthly, quarterly, semiannual, or annual basis. Sufficient shares from your account will be redeemed at the closing net asset value on the applicable payment date, with proceeds to be mailed to you or sent through ACH to your bank (at your selection). For payments to be mailed, shares will be redeemed on the 15 th of the month so that the payment is made about the 20 th of the month. For ACH payments, you may select the day of the month for the payments to be made; if no date is specified, the payments will occur on the 15 th of the month. The minimum withdrawal is $25, and minimum account balance requirements continue to apply. Shareholders in the program must own Virtus Mutual Fund shares worth at least $5,000.
Disclosure of Fund Holdings. A description of the funds policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the funds portfolio securities is available in the SAI.
24 | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
The funds plan to make distributions from net investment income at intervals stated in the table below and to distribute net realized capital gains, if any, at least annually.
Fund | Dividend Paid | |
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
Semiannually |
Distributions of short-term capital gains (gains on securities held for a year or less) and net investment income are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Certain distributions of long-term capital gains and certain dividends are taxable at a lower rate than ordinary income. Long-term capital gains, if any, distributed to shareholders and which are designated by a fund as capital gain distributions, are taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain distributions regardless of the length of time you have owned your shares. The use of a fund of funds structure may affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders.
Unless you elect to receive distributions in cash, dividends and capital gain distributions are paid in additional shares. All distributions, cash or additional shares, are subject to federal income tax and may be subject to state, local and other taxes.
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | 25 |
c/o Virtus Mutual Funds
P.O. Box 9874
Providence, RI 02940-8074
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
You can find more information about the funds in the following documents:
Annual and Semiannual Reports
Annual and semiannual reports contain more information about the funds investments. The annual report discusses the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the funds performance during the last fiscal year.
Statement of Additional Information (SAI)
The SAI contains more detailed information about the funds. It is incorporated by reference and is legally part of the prospectus.
To obtain free copies of these documents, you can download copies from the Individual Investors section of virtus.com , or you can request copies by calling Virtus Mutual Fund Services toll-free at 800-243-1574. You can also call this number to request other information about the fund or to make shareholder inquiries.
Information about the funds (including the SAI) can be reviewed and copied at the Securities and Exchange Commissions (SEC) Public Reference Room in Washington, DC. For information about the operation of the Public Reference Room, call 202-551-8090. This information is also available on the SECs Internet site at sec.gov. You may also obtain copies upon payment of a duplicating fee by writing the Public Reference Section of the SEC, Washington, DC 20549-6009 or by electronic request at publicinfo@sec.gov.
Virtus Mutual Fund Services: 800-243-1574
Investment Company Act File No. 811-7455 | 6-13 | |
8020 |
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST
101 Munson Street
Greenfield, MA 01301
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
June 10, 2013
Virtus Opportunities Trust (The Trust) is an open-end management investment company issuing shares in 31 separate series or Funds, all of which are publicly offered and described herein:
FUND |
TICKER SYMBOL BY CLASS | |||||||||
A | B | C | I | T | ||||||
Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | VAAAX | VAACX | VAISX | |||||||
Virtus AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund | PWBAX | PWBCX | VARIX | |||||||
Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund | PDPAX | PDPCX | VADIX | |||||||
Virtus Bond Fund | SAVAX | SAVBX | SAVCX | SAVYX | ||||||
Virtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | CTESX | CTXEX | ||||||||
Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund | VDEAX | VDECX | VDEIX | |||||||
Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund | VDBAX | VDBCX | VDBIX | |||||||
Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund | VDCAX | VDCCX | VDCIX | |||||||
Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund | EMNAX | EMNBX | EMNCX | VIMNX | ||||||
Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund | VEDAX | VEDCX | VIEDX | |||||||
Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund | VEIAX | VEICX | VEIIX | |||||||
Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund | JVIAX | JVICX | JVXIX | |||||||
Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund | VGCAX | VGCCX | VGCIX | |||||||
Virtus Global Dividend Fund | PGUAX | PGUCX | PGIUX | |||||||
Virtus Global Opportunities Fund | NWWOX | WWOBX | WWOCX | |||||||
Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | VGPAX | VGPCX | VGPIX | |||||||
Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund | VGSAX | VGSCX | VGISX | |||||||
Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund | VGAAX | VGACX | VGAIX | |||||||
Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund | VGEAX | VGECX | VGEIX | |||||||
Virtus Herzfeld Fund | VHFAX | VHFCX | VHFIX | |||||||
Virtus High Yield Fund | PHCHX | PHCCX | PGHCX | |||||||
Virtus International Equity Fund | VIEAX | VIECX | VIIEX | |||||||
Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund | PXRAX | PXRCX | PXRIX | |||||||
Virtus International Small-Cap Fund | VISAX | VCISX | VIISX | |||||||
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | VLVAX | VLVCX | VLVIX | |||||||
Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund | NAMFX | NBMFX | NCMFX | VMFIX | ||||||
Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | NARAX | PBARX | PSTCX | PIMSX | PMSTX | |||||
Virtus Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | VAPAX | VAPCX | VAPIX | |||||||
Virtus Real Estate Securities Fund | PHRAX | PHRBX | PHRCX | PHRIX | ||||||
Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund | PSFRX | PFSRX | PSFIX | |||||||
Virtus Wealth Masters Fund | VWMAX | VWMCX | VWMIX |
This Statement of Additional Information relates to the Class A, Class B, Class C, Class I and Class T shares of the Funds. This SAI is not a prospectus and it should be read in conjunction with the Prospectuses for the Funds as described below and as supplemented from time to time. Each Funds Prospectuses are incorporated by reference into this SAI, and the portions of this SAI that relate to each Fund have been incorporated by reference into such Funds Prospectuses. The portions of this SAI that do not relate to a Fund do not form a part of such Funds SAI, have not been incorporated by reference into such Funds Prospectuses and should not be relied upon by investors in such Fund.
The Prospectuses may be obtained by downloading them from virtus.com ; by calling VP Distributors, LLC at 800.243.1574; or by writing to the Distributor at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103.
Capitalized terms used and not defined herein have the same meanings as those used in the Prospectuses.
The audited financial statements for the Funds appear in each Funds annual report for its most recent fiscal year. The financial statements from the foregoing annual report are incorporated herein by reference. Shareholders may obtain a copy of the Annual Report dated September 30, 2012, without charge, by calling 800.243.1574 or by downloading it from virtus.com .
Transfer Agent: 800.243.1574
Adviser Consulting Group: 800.243.4361
Telephone Orders: 800.367.5877
Web Site: virtus.com
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3
1933 Act | The Securities Act of 1933, as amended | |
1940 Act | The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended | |
ACH | Automated Clearing House, a nationwide electronic money transfer system that provides for the inter-bank clearing of credit and debit transactions and for the exchange of information among participating financial institutions | |
Administrator | The Trusts administrative agent, Virtus Fund Services, LLC | |
ADRs | American Depositary Receipts | |
ADSs | American Depositary Shares | |
Adviser | The investment adviser to the Funds, Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. | |
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | |
AlphaSector SM Funds | Collectively, Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund, Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund, Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, and Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | |
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund | Virtus AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund | |
Alternatives Diversifier Fund | Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund | |
BMO AM | BMO Asset Management Corp. (formerly known as Harris Investment Management, Inc.) subadviser to the Global Commodities Fund | |
BNY Mellon | BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., the sub-administrative and accounting agent for the Funds | |
Bond Fund | Virtus Bond Fund | |
CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | Virtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | |
CCO | Chief Compliance Officer | |
CDRs | Continental Depositary Receipts (another name for EDRs) | |
CDSC | Contingent Deferred Sales Charge | |
CEA | Commodity Exchange Act, which is the U.S. law governing trading in commodity futures | |
CFTC | Commodity Futures Trading Commission, which is the U.S. regulator governing trading in commodity futures | |
Code | The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which is the law governing U.S. federal taxes | |
Coxe | Coxe Advisors LLP sub-subadviser to the Global Commodities Fund | |
Custodian | The custodian of the Funds assets, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | |
Disciplined Equity Fund | Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund | |
Disciplined Funds | Collectively, Disciplined Select Bond Fund, Disciplined Select Country Fund and Disciplined Equity Style Fund | |
Disciplined Bond Fund | Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund | |
Disciplined Country Fund | Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund | |
Distributor | The principal underwriter of shares of the Funds, VP Distributors, LLC | |
Duff & Phelps | Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co. subadviser to the Global Dividend Fund, Global Real Estate Fund, International Real Estate Fund and Real Estate Fund |
4
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund | Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund | |
EDRs | European Depositary Receipts (another name for CDRs) | |
EM Debt Fund | Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund | |
EM Equity Income Fund | Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund | |
ETFs | Exchange-traded Funds | |
Euclid | Euclid Advisors, LLC subadviser to the Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund, Alternatives Diversifier Fund, Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund, Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund and Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | |
FHFA | Federal Housing Finance Agency, an independent Federal agency that regulates FNMA, FDMC and the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks | |
FHLMC | Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, also known as Freddie Mac, which is a government-sponsored corporation formerly owned by the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks and now owned entirely by private stockholders | |
FINRA | Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, a self-regulatory organization with authority over registered broker-dealers operating in the United States, including VP Distributors | |
FNMA | Federal National Mortgage Association, also known as Fannie Mae, which is a government-sponsored corporation owned entirely by private stockholders and subject to general regulation by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development | |
Foreign Opportunities Fund | Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund | |
F-Squared Alternative | F-Squared Alternative Advisors, LLC subadviser to the Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund | |
F-Squared Institutional | F-Squared Institutional Advisors, LLC subadviser to the Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund, Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund and Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | |
Funds | The series of the Trust discussed in this SAI | |
Funds of Funds | Collectively, AlphaSector SM Funds, Alternatives Diversifier Fund, Disciplined Funds, Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund, AlphaSector SM Funds, Alternatives Diversifier Fund, the Disciplined Funds, Low Volatility Fund and Herzfeld Fund | |
GDRs | Global Depositary Receipts | |
GICs | Guaranteed Investment Contracts | |
Global Commodities Fund | Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund | |
Global Dividend Fund | Virtus Global Dividend Fund | |
Global Opportunities Fund | Virtus Global Opportunities Fund | |
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | |
Global Real Estate Fund | Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund | |
GNMA | Government National Mortgage Association, also known as Ginnie Mae, is a wholly-owned United States Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development | |
Greater Asia Fund | Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund | |
Greater European Fund | Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund |
5
Herzfeld | Thomas J. Herzfeld Advisors, Inc. subadviser to the Herzfeld Fund | |
Herzfeld Fund | Virtus Herzfeld Fund | |
High Yield Fund | Virtus High Yield Fund | |
Horizon | Horizon Asset Management, LLC subadviser to the Wealth Masters Fund | |
IMF | International Monetary Fund, an international organization seeking to promote international economic cooperation, international trade, employment and exchange rate stability, among other things | |
International Equity Fund | Virtus International Equity Fund | |
International Real Estate Fund | Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund | |
International Small-Cap Fund | Virtus International Small-Cap Fund | |
IRA | Individual Retirement Account | |
IRS | The United States Internal Revenue Service, which is the arm of the U.S. government that administers and enforces the Code | |
JPMorgan | JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | |
Kayne Anderson | Kayne Anderson Rudnick Investment Management, LLC subadviser to the International Small-Cap Fund | |
KBI | Kleinwort Benson Investors International, Ltd. subadviser to the EM Equity Income Fund | |
LIBOR | London Interbank Offering Rate, an interest rate at which banks can borrow funds, in marketable size, from other banks in the London interbank market | |
Low Volatility Fund | Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund | |
Monegy | Monegy, Inc. (formerly known as HIM Monegy, Inc.) subadviser to the High Yield Income Fund | |
Moodys | Moodys Investors Service, Inc. | |
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund | Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund | |
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | |
NAV | Net Asset Value, which is the per-share price of a Fund | |
Newfleet | Newfleet Asset Management, LLC subadviser to the Bond Fund, CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund, Emerging Markets Debt Fund, High Yield Fund and Senior Floating Rate Fund, Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund, Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | |
Newfound | Newfound Investments subadviser to the Disciplined Equity Style Fund, Disciplined Select Bond Fund and Disciplined Select Country Fund | |
NYSE | New York Stock Exchange | |
OCC | Options Clearing Corporation, the worlds largest equity derivatives clearing corporation | |
OECD | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, an international organization seeking to promote economic progress and world trade | |
PERLS | Principal Exchange Rate Linked Securities | |
PNX | Phoenix Life Insurance Company, which is the former parent company of Virtus Investment Partners, Inc., and certain of its corporate affiliates |
6
7
GENERAL INFORMATION AND HISTORY
The Trust is an open-end management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust December 18, 1995. Prior to January 27, 2006, the Trust was named Phoenix-Seneca Funds. From January 27, 2006 to October 20, 2008, the Trust was named Phoenix Opportunities Trust.
The Trusts Prospectuses describe the investment objectives of the Funds and the strategies that each Fund will employ in seeking to achieve its investment objective. The respective investment objective(s) for Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund, Real Estate Fund and AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund is a fundamental policy and may not be changed without the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of that Fund. The respective investment objective(s) for each of the other Funds is a non-fundamental policy of that Fund and may be changed without shareholder approval upon 60 days notice. The following discussion supplements the disclosure in the Prospectuses.
Fund Type | Fund | Investment Objective | ||
Alternatives | Alternatives Diversifier Fund | The fund is a fund of funds that has an investment objective of long-term capital appreciation. | ||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund | The funds investment objective is to seek long-term capital appreciation. | |||
Global Commodities Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of capital appreciation. | |||
Global Dividend Fund | The fund has an investment objective of capital appreciation and current income. | |||
Global Real Estate Fund* | The fund has a primary investment objective of long-term capital appreciation, with a secondary investment objective of income. | |||
Herzfeld Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of seeking capital appreciation and current income. | |||
International Real Estate Fund | The fund has a primary investment objective of long-term capital appreciation, with a secondary investment objective of income. | |||
Real Estate Fund | The fund has investment objectives of capital appreciation and income with approximately equal emphasis. | |||
Asset Allocation | Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of capital appreciation. In pursuing this objective, the fund maintains an emphasis on preservation of capital. | ||
Equity | AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of long-term capital appreciation. | ||
Disciplined Equity Style Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of capital appreciation. | |||
Low Volatility Equity Fund | The fund has an investment objective of capital appreciation. | |||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of long-term capital appreciation. |
8
Fund Type | Fund | Investment Objective | ||
Wealth Masters Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of capital appreciation. | |||
Fixed Income | Bond Fund | The fund has an investment objective of high total return from both current income and capital appreciation. | ||
CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | The fund has an investment objective of obtaining a high level of current income exempt from California state and local income taxes, as well as federal income tax, consistent with the preservation of capital. | |||
Disciplined Select Bond Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of high total return from current income and capital appreciation. | |||
Emerging Markets Debt Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of seeking total return from current income and capital appreciation. | |||
High Yield Fund | The fund has a primary investment objective of high current income and a secondary objective of capital growth. | |||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund | The fund has an investment objective of maximizing current income while preserving capital. | |||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | The fund has an investment objective of providing high current income while attempting to limit changes in the funds net asset value per share caused by interest rate changes. | |||
Senior Floating Rate Fund | The fund has an investment objective of high total return from both current income and capital appreciation. | |||
International/Global | Disciplined Select Country Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of capital appreciation. | ||
Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of seeking capital appreciation and income. | |||
Foreign Opportunities Fund | The fund has an investment objective of long-term capital appreciation. | |||
Global Opportunities Fund | The fund has an investment objective of capital appreciation. | |||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of capital appreciation. In pursuing this objective, the fund maintains an emphasis on preservation of capital. |
9
Fund Type | Fund | Investment Objective | ||
Greater Asia Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of long-term capital appreciation. | |||
Greater European Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of long-term capital appreciation. | |||
International Equity Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of long-term capital appreciation. | |||
International Small-Cap Fund* | The fund has an investment objective of capital appreciation. |
* |
Prior to October 1, 2008, these funds had Phoenix in their names instead of Virtus. |
Capital Stock and Organization of the Trust
The capitalization of the Trust consists solely of an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. The Trust currently offers shares in different series called Funds and different classes of those Funds. Holders of shares of a Fund have equal rights with regard to voting, redemptions, dividends, distributions, and liquidations with respect to that Fund. Shareholders of all Funds vote on the election of Trustees. On matters affecting an individual Fund (such as approval of an investment advisory agreement or a change in fundamental investment policies) and also on matters affecting an individual class (such as approval of matters relating to a Plan of Distribution for a particular class of Shares), a separate vote of that Fund or class is required. The Trust does not hold regular meetings of shareholders of the Funds. The Board of Trustees will call a meeting of shareholders of a Fund when at least 10% of the outstanding shares of that Fund so request in writing. If the Board of Trustees fails to call a meeting after being so notified, the shareholders may call the meeting. The Board of Trustees will assist the shareholders by identifying other shareholders or mailing communications, as required under Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act.
Shares are fully paid, nonassessable, redeemable and fully transferable when they are issued. Shares do not have cumulative voting rights, preemptive rights or subscription rights. The assets received by the Trust for the issue or sale of shares of each Fund, and any class thereof and all income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, are allocated to such Fund, and class, respectively, subject only to the rights of creditors, and constitute the underlying assets of such Fund or class. The underlying assets of each Fund are required to be segregated on the books of account, and are to be charged with the expenses in respect to such Fund and with a share of the general expenses of the Trust. Any general expenses of the Trust not readily identifiable as belonging to a particular Fund or class will be allocated by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees as it determines to be fair and equitable. The Trust is not bound to recognize any transfer of shares of a Fund or class until the transfer is recorded on the Trusts books pursuant to policies and procedures of the Transfer Agent.
As a Delaware statutory trust, the Trusts operations are governed by its Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated March 1, 2001, as amended. A copy of the Trusts Certificate of Trust, as amended, is on file with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. Upon the initial purchase of shares, the shareholder agrees to be bound by the Trusts Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended. Generally, Delaware statutory trust shareholders are not personally liable for obligations of the Delaware statutory trust under Delaware law. The Delaware Statutory Trust Act (the Delaware Act) provides that a shareholder of a Delaware statutory trust shall be entitled to the same limitation of liability extended to shareholders of private for-profit corporations. The Trusts Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust expressly provides that the Trust has been organized under the Delaware Act and that the Declaration of Trust is to be governed by Delaware law. It is nevertheless possible that a Delaware statutory trust, such as the Trust, might become a party to an action in another state whose courts refused to apply Delaware law, in which case the Trusts shareholders could be subject to personal liability. To guard against this risk, the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust (i) contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and provides that notice of such disclaimer may be given in each agreement, obligation and instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or its Trustees, (ii) provides for the indemnification out of Trust property of any shareholders held personally liable for any obligations of the Trust or any series of the Trust and (iii) provides that the Trust shall, upon request, assume the defense of any claim made against any shareholder for any act or obligation of the Trust and satisfy any judgment thereon. Thus, the risk of a Trust shareholder incurring financial
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loss beyond his or her investment because of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which all of the following factors are present: (1) a court refused to apply Delaware law; (2) the liability arose under tort law or, if not, no contractual limitation of liability was in effect; and (3) the Trust itself would be unable to meet its obligations. In the light of Delaware law, the nature of the Trusts business and the nature of its assets, the risk of personal liability to a Fund shareholder is remote.
The Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust further provides that the Trust shall indemnify each of its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses reasonably incurred by them, in connection with, or arising out of, any action, suit or proceeding, threatened against or otherwise involving such Trustee or officer, directly or indirectly, by reason of being or having been a Trustee or officer of the Trust. The Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust does not authorize the Trust to indemnify any Trustee or officer against any liability to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of or for willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of such persons duties.
Under the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, the Trust is not required to hold annual meetings to elect Trustees or for other purposes. It is not anticipated that the Trust will hold shareholders meetings unless required by law or the Declaration of Trust. The Trust will be required to hold a meeting to elect Trustees to fill any existing vacancies on the Board if, at any time, fewer than a majority of the Trustees have been elected by the shareholders of the Trust. The Board is required to call a meeting for the purpose of considering the removal of persons serving as Trustee if requested in writing to do so by the holders of not less than 10% of the outstanding shares of the Trust.
Shares of the Trust do not entitle their holders to cumulative voting rights, so that the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Trust may elect all of the Trustees, in which case the holders of the remaining shares would not be able to elect any Trustees. As determined by the Trustees, shareholders are entitled to one vote for each dollar of NAV (number of shares held times the NAV of the applicable class of the applicable Fund).
Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, the Trustees may create additional funds by establishing additional series of shares in the Trust. The establishment of additional series would not affect the interests of current shareholders in the existing Funds. Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, the Trustees may establish and issue multiple classes of shares for each Fund.
Each share of each class of a Fund is entitled to such dividends and distributions out of the income earned on the assets belonging to that Fund which are attributable to such class as are declared in the discretion of the Trustees. In the event of the liquidation or dissolution of the Trust, shares of each class of each Fund are entitled to receive their proportionate share of the assets which are attributable to such class of such Fund and which are available for distribution as the Trustees in their sole discretion may determine. Shareholders are not entitled to any preemptive, conversion or subscription rights. All shares, when issued, will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust.
Subject to shareholder approval (if then required), the Trustees may authorize each Fund to invest all or part of its investable assets in a single open-end investment company that has substantially the same investment objectives, policies and restrictions as the Fund. As of the date of this SAI, the Trustees do not have any plan to authorize any Fund to so invest its assets.
Diversification of Funds
Each Fund is diversified under the 1940 Act with the exception of Alternatives Diversifier Fund, Global Commodities Fund, Global Real Estate Fund, International Real Estate Fund, Real Estate Fund and Emerging Markets Debt Fund which are non-diversified funds. Each Fund intends to diversify its assets to the extent necessary to qualify for tax treatment as a regulated investment company under the Code. (For information regarding qualification under the Code, see Dividends, Distributions and Taxes in this SAI.)
Fund Names and Investment Policies
Each of the Funds noted below has a name that suggests a focus on a particular type of investment. In accordance with Rule 35d-1 under the 1940 Act, each of these Funds has adopted a policy that it will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 80% of its assets in investments of the type suggested by its name. For this policy, assets means net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes. In addition, in appropriate circumstances, synthetic investments may be included in the 80% basket if they have economic characteristics similar to the other investments included in the basket. A Funds policy to invest at least 80% of its assets in such a manner is not a fundamental one, which means that it may be changed without a vote of a
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majority of the Funds outstanding shares as defined in the 1940 Act. However, under Rule 35d-1, shareholders must be given written notice at least 60 days prior to any change by a Fund of its 80% investment policy.
These funds have a policy that states at least 80% of its assets in investments of the type suggested by its name.
Bond Fund CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund Disciplined Equity Fund Disciplined Bond Fund EM Debt Fund EM Equity Income Fund Foreign Opportunities Fund Global Commodities Fund Global Dividend Fund Global Real Estate Fund Greater Asia Fund |
Greater European Fund High Yield Fund International Equity Fund International Real Estate Fund International Small Cap Fund Low Volatility Fund Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Real Estate Fund Senior Floating Rate Fund |
Open/Closed Status of Funds
Virtus also sponsors a family of mutual funds that are primarily used as investment options for variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance contracts issued by insurance companies, and for certain retirement plans. Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. is also the investment adviser to those funds.
Portfolio Turnover
The portfolio turnover rate of each Fund is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities during the fiscal year by the monthly average of the value of the Funds securities (excluding all securities, including options, with maturities at the time of acquisition of one year or less). All long-term securities, including long-term U.S. Government securities, are included. A high rate of portfolio turnover generally involves correspondingly greater brokerage commission expenses, which must be borne directly by the Series. Turnover rates may vary greatly from year to year as well as within a particular year and also may be affected by cash requirements for redemptions of each Series shares by requirements that enable the Trust to receive certain favorable tax treatments. The portfolio turnover rates for each Fund is set forth in its summary prospectus and under Financial Highlights in the statutory prospectus.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
The Funds of Funds generally do not invest directly in securities, but rather invest in shares of ETFs and mutual funds. The following description pertains to those mutual funds in which the Funds of Funds invest that are affiliated with the Trust, referred to in this section as the funds, and it applies to the Funds, with the exception of the Funds of Funds.
The Trustees of the Trust have adopted policies with respect to the disclosure of the Funds portfolio holdings. These policies provide that the Funds portfolio holdings information generally may not be disclosed to any party prior to the information becoming public. Certain limited exceptions are described below. Additionally, the Funds policies prohibit Virtus and the Funds service providers from entering into any agreement to disclose Fund portfolio holdings in exchange for any form of compensation or consideration. These policies apply to disclosures to all categories of persons, including individual investors, institutional investors, intermediaries who sell shares of the Funds, third parties providing services to the Funds (accounting agent, print vendors, etc.), rating and ranking organizations (Lipper, Morningstar, etc.) and affiliated persons of the Funds.
The Board of Trustees has delegated to the Trusts Administrator the authority to make decisions regarding requests for information on portfolio holdings prior to public disclosure. The Administrator will authorize the disclosure of portfolio holdings only if it determines such disclosure to be in the best interests of Fund shareholders. The Administrator generally carries out this duty through its chief compliance officer, in consultation with other officers representing various areas of management.
The Trusts Compliance Officer is responsible for monitoring the use of portfolio holdings information, for the Funds compliance with these policies and for providing reports to the Board of Trustees regarding their compliance, including information with respect to any potential conflicts of interest between the interests of Fund shareholders and those of Virtus and its affiliates identified during the reporting period and how such conflicts were resolved.
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Public Disclosures
In accordance with rules established by the SEC, each Fund sends semiannual and annual reports to shareholders that contain a full listing of portfolio holdings as of the second and fourth fiscal quarters, respectively, within 60 days of quarter end. The Funds also disclose complete portfolio holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters on Form N-Q, which is filed with the SEC within 60 days of quarter end. The Funds shareholder reports are available on Virtus Web site at virtus.com . Certain of the Funds also make publicly available on Virtus Web site a full listing of portfolio holdings as of the end of each month with a 30-day delay, while other of the Funds make such full listings available as of the end of each quarter with a 60-day delay. Additionally, each Fund except certain of the AlphaSector SM Funds and the Disciplined Funds, provides its top 10 holdings and summary composition data derived from portfolio holdings information on Virtus Web site. This information is posted to the Web site at the end of each month with respect to the top 10 holdings, and at the end of each quarter with respect to summary composition information, generally within 10 business days. With respect to certain funds, the top ten holdings and summary composition information are reported on a one-month lag. This information will be available on the Web site until full portfolio holdings information becomes publicly available as described above. The Funds also provide publicly-available portfolio holdings information directly to ratings agencies, the frequency and timing of which is determined under the terms of the contractual arrangements with such agencies, and may provide to financial intermediaries, upon request, monthly portfolio holdings for periods included in publicly-available quarterly portfolio holdings disclosures.
Other Disclosures
The Administrator may authorize the disclosure of non-public portfolio holdings information under certain limited circumstances. The Funds policies provide that non-public disclosures of a Funds portfolio holdings may only be made if (i) the Fund has a legitimate business purpose for making such disclosure and (ii) the party receiving the non-public information enters into a confidentiality agreement, which includes a duty not to trade on the non-public information. The Administrator will consider any actual or potential conflicts of interest between Virtus and the Funds shareholders and will act in the best interest of the Funds shareholders with respect to any such disclosure of portfolio holdings information. If a potential conflict can be resolved in a manner that does not present detrimental effects to the Funds shareholders, the Administrator may authorize release of portfolio holdings information. Conversely, if the potential conflict cannot be resolved in a manner that does not present detrimental effects to the Funds shareholders, the Administrator will not authorize such release.
Ongoing Arrangements to Disclose Portfolio Holdings
As previously authorized by the Funds Board of Trustees and/or the Funds Administrator, the Funds periodically disclose non-public portfolio holdings on a confidential basis to various service providers that require such information in order to assist the Funds in their day-to-day operations, as well as public information to certain ratings organizations. In addition to Virtus and its affiliates, the entities receiving non-public portfolio holdings as of the date of this SAI are described in the following table. The table also includes information as to the timing of these entities receiving the portfolio holdings information from the Funds.
Non-Public Portfolio Holdings Information
Type of Service Provider | Name of Service Provider |
Timing of Release of Portfolio Holdings Information |
||
Adviser | Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. | Daily with no delay | ||
Subadviser (Global Dividend Fund, Global Real Estate Fund, International Real Estate Fund and Real Estate Fund) | Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co. | Daily with no delay | ||
Subadviser (Alternatives Diversifier Fund, Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund, Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund, Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, Premium AlphaSector SM Fund) | Euclid Advisors LLC | Daily with no delay | ||
Subadviser (Global Commodities Fund) | BMO Asset Management Corp. | Daily with no delay |
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Type of Service Provider | Name of Service Provider |
Timing of Release of Portfolio Holdings Information |
||
Subadviser (Wealth Masters Fund) | Horizon Asset Management, LLC | Daily with no delay | ||
Subadviser (International Small-Cap Fund) | Kayne Anderson Rudnick Investment Management, LLC | Daily with no delay | ||
Subadviser (EM Equity Income Fund) | Kleinwort Benson Investors International, Ltd. | Daily with no delay | ||
Subadviser (Bond Fund, CA Tax Exempt Bond Fund, EM Debt Fund, High Yield Fund, Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund, Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund and Senior Floating Rate Fund) | Newfleet Asset Management, LLC | Daily with no delay | ||
Subadviser (Disciplined Bond Fund, Disciplined Equity Fund and Disciplined Country Fund) | Newfound Investments, LLC | Daily with no delay | ||
Subadviser (Virtus Herzfeld Fund) | Thomas J. Herzfeld Advisors, Inc. | Daily with no delay | ||
Subadviser (International Equity Fund) | Pyrford International Ltd. | Daily with no delay | ||
Subadviser (Foreign Opportunities Fund, Global Opportunities Fund, Greater Asia Fund and Greater European Fund) | Vontobel Asset Management, Inc. | Daily with no delay | ||
Subadviser (Low Volatility Fund) | Rampart Investment Management Company, LLC | Daily with no delay | ||
Subadviser Trading Support (Foreign Opportunities Fund, Global Opportunities Fund, Greater Asia Japan Opportunities Fund and Greater European Fund) | Northern Trust Corporation | Daily with no delay | ||
Distributor | VP Distributors, LLC | Daily with no delay | ||
Custodian | JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | Daily with no delay | ||
Class Action Service Provider | Glass Lewis | Daily with no delay | ||
Sub-Financial Agent | BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (BNY Mellon) | Daily with no delay | ||
Consultant (Foreign Opportunities Fund) | Rogercasey | Monthly with four day delay | ||
Distributor (Foreign Opportunities Fund, Real Estate Fund, Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund) | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC | Monthly with four day delay | ||
Portfolio Redistribution Firm (Foreign Opportunities Fund) | Thomson Financial LLC | Fiscal quarter with 20 day delay | ||
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP | Annual Reporting Period is within 15 business days of end of reporting period Semiannual Reporting Period is within 31 business days of end of reporting period. | ||
Performance Analytics Firm | FactSet Research Systems, Inc. | Daily with no delay |
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Type of Service Provider | Name of Service Provider |
Timing of Release of Portfolio Holdings Information |
||
Typesetting and Printing firm for Financial Reports | R.R. Donnelley & Sons Co. | Quarterly, within 15 days of end of reporting period. | ||
Proxy Voting Service | Institutional Shareholder Services | Daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly depending on subadviser | ||
Intermediary Selling Shares of the Fund | Merrill Lynch | Quarterly within 10 days of quarter end | ||
TV Financial Markets Talk Shows | CNBC | Monthly for holdings over 1% of issuer equity, in aggregate.* |
Public Portfolio Holdings Information
Portfolio Redistribution Firms | Bloomberg, Standard & Poors and Thompson Reuters | Monthly with 30 day delay for certain funds; quarterly, 60 days after fiscal quarter end for all others. | ||
Rating Agencies | Lipper Inc. and Morningstar | Monthly with 30 day delay for certain funds; quarterly, 60 days after fiscal quarter end for all others. | ||
Virtus Public Web site | Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. | Monthly with 30 day delay for certain funds; quarterly, 60 days after fiscal quarter end for all others. |
* |
A Virtus officer or representative may, from time to time, appear as host or guest of various programming. CNBC requires certain holdings disclosure in order to monitor potential conflicts of interest. |
These service providers are required to keep all non-public information confidential and are prohibited from trading based on the information or otherwise using the information except as necessary in providing services to the Funds. There is no guarantee that the Funds policies on use and dissemination of holdings information will protect the Funds from the potential misuse of holdings by individuals or firms in possession of such information.
Other Virtus Mutual Funds
In addition to the Funds of the Trust, the funds commonly referred to as Virtus Mutual Funds also include the series of Virtus Equity Trust and Virtus Insight Trust. Virtus Mutual Funds are generally offered in multiple classes. The following chart shows the share classes offered by each Virtus Mutual Fund as of the date of this SAI:
Trust |
Fund |
Class/Shares |
||||||||||||||||
A |
B |
C |
I |
|||||||||||||||
Virtus Equity Trust | Balanced Fund | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
Growth & Income Fund | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
Mid-Cap Core Fund | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
Mid-Cap Growth Fund | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
Mid-Cap Value Fund | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
Quality Large-Cap Value Fund | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
Quality Small-Cap Fund | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
Small-Cap Core Fund | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
Small-Cap Sustainable Growth Fund | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
Strategic Growth Fund | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
Tactical Allocation Fund | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
Virtus Insight Trust | Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
High Yield Income Fund | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
Insight Government Money Market Fund | X | X | ||||||||||||||||
Insight Money Market Fund | X | X | ||||||||||||||||
Insight Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund | X | X | ||||||||||||||||
Low Duration Income Fund | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | X | X | X |
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MORE INFORMATION ABOUT FUND INVESTMENT STRATEGIES & RELATED RISKS
The following investment strategies and policies supplement each Funds investment strategies and policies set forth in the Funds prospectuses. Some of the investment strategies and policies described below and in each Funds prospectus set forth percentage limitations on a Funds investment in, or holdings of, certain types of investments. Unless otherwise required by law or stated in this SAI, compliance with these strategies and policies will be determined immediately after the acquisition of such investments by the Fund. Subsequent changes in values, net assets, or other circumstances will not be considered when determining whether the investment complies with the Funds investment strategies and policies.
To the extent that a Fund invests primarily in other funds, including ETFs, except as otherwise noted the following descriptions pertain to the underlying mutual funds in which such Fund invests. Generally, Alternatives Diversifier Fund, certain of the AlphaSector Funds, the Disciplined Funds, Herzfeld Fund and Low Volatility Fund do not use these techniques directly. Each of those Funds pursues its investment objective(s) by investing its assets in underlying mutual funds and/or ETFs. Each underlying mutual fund will engage in certain investment techniques and practices to the extent permitted and consistent with the underlying mutual funds investment objective. The following is a description of key investment techniques, and their associated risks, of the underlying mutual funds in which the Alternatives Diversifier Fund, the applicable AlphaSector Funds, the Disciplined Funds, the Herzfeld Fund and the Low Volatility Fund invest as of the date of this SAI. Please refer to the prospectus and SAI for each ETF and underlying mutual fund for specific details.
Throughout this section, the term adviser may be used to refer to a subadviser, if any, and the term the Fund may be used to refer to any Fund.
Investment Technique |
Description and Risks |
Fund-Specific Limitations |
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Commodities-Related Investing Risk |
Commodity-related companies may underperform the stock market as a whole. The value of securities issued by commodity-related companies may be affected by factors affecting a particular industry or commodity. The operations and financial performance of commodity-related companies may be directly affected by commodity prices, especially those commodity-related companies that own the underlying commodity. The stock prices of such companies may also experience greater price volatility than other types of common stocks. Securities issued by commodity-related companies are sensitive to changes in the supply and demand for, and thus the prices of, commodities. Volatility of commodity prices, which may lead to a reduction in production or supply, may also negatively impact the performance of commodity and natural resources companies that are solely involved in the transportation, processing, storing, distribution or marketing of commodities. Volatility of commodity prices may also make it more difficult for commodity-related companies to raise capital to the extent the market perceives that their performance may be directly or indirectly tied to commodity prices.
Certain types of commodities instruments (such as commodity-linked notes) are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the instrument will not perform or will be unable to perform in accordance with the terms of the instrument. |
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Exposure to commodities and commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. No active trading market may exist for certain commodities investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such investments. In addition, adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of actively traded commodities investments. |
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Investment Technique |
Description and Risks |
Fund-Specific Limitations |
||
Debt Investing |
Each Fund may invest in debt, or fixed income, securities. Debt, or fixed income, securities (which include corporate bonds, commercial paper, debentures, notes, government securities, municipal obligations, state- or state agency-issued obligations, obligations of foreign issuers, asset-or mortgage-backed securities, and other obligations) are used by issuers to borrow money and thus are debt obligations of the issuer. Holders of debt securities are creditors of the issuer, normally ranking ahead of holders of both common and preferred stock as to dividends or upon liquidation. The issuer usually pays a fixed, variable, or floating rate of interest and must repay the amount borrowed at the securitys maturity. Some debt securities, such as zero-coupon securities (discussed below), do not pay interest but are sold at a deep discount from their face value.
Yields on debt securities depend on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the money, bond, and note markets, the size of a particular offering, the maturity date of the obligation, and the rating of the issue. Debt securities with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields and are generally subject to greater price fluctuations in response to changes in market conditions than obligations with shorter maturities. An increase in interest rates generally will reduce the market value of portfolio debt securities, while a decline in interest rates generally will increase the value of the same securities. The achievement of a Funds investment objective depends in part on the continuing ability of the issuers of the debt securities in which the Fund invests to meet their obligations for the payment of principal and interest when due. Obligations of issuers of debt securities are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency, sovereign immunity, and other laws that affect the rights and remedies of creditors. There is also the possibility that, as a result of litigation or other conditions, the ability of an issuer to pay, when due, the principal of and interest on its debt securities may be materially affected. |
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Convertible Securities |
A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, or other security that entitles the holder to acquire common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specific price or formula. It generally entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued until the security matures or is redeemed, converted, or exchanged. Convertible securities have several unique investment characteristics such as (1) higher yields than common stocks, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities, (2) a lesser degree of fluctuation in value then the underlying stock since they have fixed income characteristics and (3) the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.
Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible debt securities. Convertible securities rank senior to common stock in a corporations capital structure and, therefore, generally entail less risk than the corporations common stock, although the extent to which this is true depends in large measure on the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed income security. However, because convertible securities are usually viewed by the issuer as future common stock, they are generally subordinated to other senior securities and therefore are rated one category lower than the issuers non-convertible debt obligations or preferred stock. |
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Investment Technique |
Description and Risks |
Fund-Specific Limitations |
||
A convertible security may be subject to redemption or conversion at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price. If a convertible security held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund could be required to permit the issuer to redeem the security and convert it to the underlying common stock. The Fund generally would invest in convertible securities for their favorable price characteristics and total return potential, and would normally not exercise an option to convert. The Fund might be more willing to convert such securities to common stock.
A Funds subadviser will select only those convertible securities for which it believes (a) the underlying common stock is a suitable investment for the Fund and (b) a greater potential for total return exists by purchasing the convertible security because of its higher yield and/or favorable market valuation. However, the Fund may invest in convertible debt securities rated less than investment grade. Debt securities rated less than investment grade are commonly referred to as junk bonds. (For information about debt securities rated less than investment grade, see High Yield-High Risk (Junk Bonds) Securities under Debt Investing in this section of the SAI; for additional information about ratings on debt obligations, see Appendix A to this SAI.) |
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Corporate Debt Securities |
Each Fund may invest in debt securities issued by corporations, limited partnerships and other similar entities. A Funds investments in debt securities of domestic or foreign corporate issuers include bonds, debentures, notes and other similar corporate debt instruments, including convertible securities that meet the Funds minimum ratings criteria or if unrated are, in the Funds subadvisers opinion, comparable in quality to corporate debt securities that meet those criteria. The rate of return or return of principal on some debt obligations may be linked or indexed to the level of exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and a foreign currency or currencies or to the value of commodities, such as gold. |
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Dollar-denominated Foreign Debt Securities (Yankee Bonds) |
Each Fund may invest in Yankee bonds, which are dollar-denominated instruments issued in the U.S. market by foreign branches of U.S. banks and U.S. branches of foreign banks. Since these instruments are dollar-denominated, they are not affected by variations in currency exchange rates. They are influenced primarily by interest rate levels in the United States and by the financial condition of the issuer, or of the issuers foreign parent. However, investing in these instruments may present a greater degree of risk than investing in domestic securities, due to less publicly available information, less securities regulation, war or expropriation. Special considerations may include higher brokerage costs and thinner trading markets. Investments in foreign countries could be affected by other factors including extended settlement periods. (See Foreign Investing in this section of the SAI for additional information about investing in foreign countries.) |
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Duration |
Duration is a time measure of a bonds interest-rate sensitivity, based on the weighted average of the time periods over which a bonds cash flows accrue to the bondholder. Time periods are weighted by multiplying by the present value of its cash flow divided by the bonds price. (A bonds cash flows consist of coupon payments and repayment of capital.) A bonds duration will almost always be shorter than its maturity, with the exception of zero-coupon bonds, for which maturity and duration are equal. |
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19
Investment Technique |
Description and Risks |
Fund-Specific Limitations |
||
may have an adverse impact on the market price of the security, and accordingly, the NAV of a particular Fund and its ability to dispose of particular securities when necessary to meet its liquidity needs, or in response to a specific economic event, or an event such as a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the issuer. The lack of a liquid secondary market for certain securities may also make it more difficult for the Fund to obtain accurate market quotations for purposes of valuing its respective portfolio. Market quotations are generally available on many low-rated issues only from a limited number of dealers and may not necessarily represent firm bids of such dealers or prices for actual sales. During periods of thin trading, the spread between bid and asked prices is likely to increase significantly. In addition, adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may decrease the values and liquidity of low-rated securities, especially in a thinly-traded market. If a Fund experiences unexpected net redemptions, it may be forced to liquidate a portion of its portfolio securities without regard to their investment merits. Due to the limited liquidity of low-rated securities, the Fund may be forced to liquidate these securities at a substantial discount. Any such liquidation would reduce the Funds asset base over which expenses could be allocated and could result in a reduced rate of return for the Fund. |
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Inverse Floating Rate Obligations |
Certain variable rate securities pay interest at a rate that varies inversely to prevailing short-term interest rates (sometimes referred to as inverse floaters). For example, upon reset the interest rate payable on a security may go down when the underlying index has risen. During periods when short-term interest rates are relatively low as compared to long-term interest rates, the Fund may attempt to enhance its yield by purchasing inverse floaters. Certain inverse floaters may have an interest rate reset mechanism that multiplies the effects of changes in the underlying index. While this form of leverage may increase the securitys yield, it may also increase the volatility of the securitys market value.
Similar to other variable and floating rate obligations, effective use of inverse floaters requires skills different from those needed to select most portfolio securities. If movements in interest rates are incorrectly anticipated, a Fund holding these instruments could lose money and its NAV could decline. |
No Fund will invest more than 5% of its assets in inverse floaters. | ||
Letters of Credit |
Debt obligations, including municipal obligations, certificates of participation, commercial paper and other short-term obligations, may be backed by an irrevocable letter of credit of a bank that assumes the obligation for payment of principal and interest in the event of default by the issuer. Only banks that, in the opinion of the relevant Funds subadviser, are of investment quality comparable to other permitted investments of the Fund may be used for Letter of Credit-backed investments. |
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Loan and Debt Participations and Assignments |
A loan participation agreement involves the purchase of a share of a loan made by a bank to a company in return for a corresponding share of the borrowers principal and interest payments. Loan participations of the type in which the Fund may invest include interests in both secured and unsecured corporate loans. When a Fund purchases loan assignments from lenders, |
20
Investment Technique |
Description and Risks |
Fund-Specific Limitations |
||
it will acquire direct rights against the borrower, but these rights and the Funds obligations may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the assignment lender. The principal credit risk associated with acquiring loan participation and assignment interests is the credit risk associated with the underlying corporate borrower. There is also a risk that there may not be a readily available market for participation loan interests and, in some cases, this could result in the Fund disposing of such securities at a substantial discount from face value or holding such securities until maturity.
In the event that a corporate borrower failed to pay its scheduled interest or principal payments on participations held by the Fund, the market value of the affected participation would decline, resulting in a loss of value of such investment to the Fund. Accordingly, such participations are speculative and may result in the income level and net assets of the Fund being reduced. Moreover, loan participation agreements generally limit the right of a participant to resell its interest in the loan to a third party and, as a result, loan participations may be deemed by the Fund to be illiquid investments. A Fund will invest only in participations with respect to borrowers whose creditworthiness is, or is determined by the Funds subadviser to be, substantially equivalent to that of issuers whose senior unsubordinated debt securities are rated B or higher by Moodys or S&P. For the purposes of diversification and/or concentration calculations, both the borrower and issuer will be considered an issuer.
The Funds may purchase from banks participation interests in all or part of specific holdings of debt obligations. Each participation interest is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit or guarantee of the selling bank that the relevant Funds subadviser has determined meets the prescribed quality standards of the Fund. Thus, even if the credit of the issuer of the debt obligation does not meet the quality standards of the Fund, the credit of the selling bank will.
Loan participations and assignments may be illiquid and therefore subject to the Funds limitations on investments in illiquid securities. (See Illiquid and Restricted Securities in this section of the SAI.) |
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Municipal Securities and Related Investments |
Tax-exempt municipal securities are debt obligations issued by the various states and their subdivisions (e.g., cities, counties, towns, and school districts) to raise funds, generally for various public improvements requiring long-term capital investment. Purposes for which tax-exempt bonds are issued include flood control, airports, bridges and highways, housing, medical facilities, schools, mass transportation and power, water or sewage plants, as well as others. Tax-exempt bonds also are occasionally issued to retire outstanding obligations, to obtain funds for operating expenses or to loan to other public or, in some cases, private sector organizations or to individuals. |
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Yields on municipal securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the money market and the municipal bond market, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligations and the rating of the issue. Municipal securities with longer maturities tend to produce |
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higher yields and are generally subject to potentially greater capital appreciation and depreciation than obligations with shorter maturities and lower yields. The market prices of municipal securities usually vary, depending upon available yields. An increase in interest rates will generally reduce the value of portfolio investments, and a decline in interest rates will generally increase the value of portfolio investments. The ability of the Fund to achieve its investment objective is also dependent on the continuing ability of the issuers of municipal securities in which the Fund invests to meet their obligations for the payment of interest and principal when due. The ratings of Moodys and S&Ps represent their opinions as to the quality of municipal securities which they undertake to rate. Ratings are not absolute standards of quality; consequently, municipal securities with the same maturity, coupon, and rating may have different yields. There are variations in municipal securities, both within a particular classification and between classifications, depending on numerous factors. It should also be pointed out that, unlike other types of investments, municipal securities have traditionally not been subject to regulation by, or registration with, the SEC, although there have been proposals which would provide for such regulation in the future.
The federal bankruptcy statutes relating to the debts of political subdivisions and authorities of states of the United States provide that, in certain circumstances, such subdivisions or authorities may be authorized to initiate bankruptcy proceedings without prior notice to or consent of creditors, which proceedings could result in material and adverse changes in the rights of holders of their obligations.
Lawsuits challenging the validity under state constitutions of present systems of financing public education have been initiated or adjusted in a number of states, and legislation has been introduced to effect changes in public school financing in some states. In other instances there have been lawsuits challenging the issuance of pollution control revenue bonds or the validity of their issuance under state or federal law which could ultimately affect the validity of those municipal securities or the tax-free nature of the interest thereon.
Descriptions of some of the municipal securities and related investment types most commonly acquired by the Funds are provided below. In addition to those shown, other types of municipal investments are, or may become, available for investment by the Funds. For the purpose of each Funds investment restrictions set forth in this SAI, the identification of the issuer of a municipal security which is not a general obligation bond is made by the applicable Funds subadviser on the basis of the characteristics of the obligation, the most significant of which is the source of funds for the payment of principal and interest on such security. |
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Municipal Bonds |
Municipal bonds, which meet longer-term capital needs and generally have maturities of more than one year when issued, have two principal classifications: general obligation bonds and revenue bonds. Another type of municipal bond is referred to as an industrial development bond. |
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General Obligation Bonds |
Issuers of general obligation bonds include states, counties, cities, towns, and regional districts. The proceeds of these obligations are used to fund a wide range of public projects, including construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, and water and sewer systems. The basic security behind general obligation bonds is the issuers pledge of its full faith and credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to the rate or amount of special assessments. |
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Industrial Development Bonds |
Industrial development bonds, which are considered municipal bonds if the interest paid is exempt from Federal income tax, are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to raise money to finance various privately operated facilities for business and manufacturing, housing, sports arenas and pollution control. These bonds are also used to finance public facilities such as airports, mass transit systems, ports and parking. The payment of the principal and interest on such bonds is dependent solely on the ability of the facilitys user to meet its financial obligations and the pledge, if any, of real and personal property so financed as security for such payment. |
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Revenue Bonds |
The principal security for a revenue bond is generally the net revenues derived from a particular facility, group of facilities, or, in some cases, the proceeds of a special excise or other specific revenue source. Revenue bonds are issued to finance a wide variety of capital projects including: electric, gas, water and sewer systems; highways, bridges, and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; and hospitals. Although the principal security behind these bonds may vary, many provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund whose money may be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuers obligations. Housing finance authorities have a wide range of security; including partially or fully insured mortgages, rent subsidized and/or collateralized mortgages, and/or the net revenues from housing or other public projects. Some authorities provide further security in the form of a states ability (without obligation) to make up deficiencies in the debt service reserve fund. |
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Municipal Leases |
The Tax-Exempt Bond Fund may acquire participations in lease obligations or installment purchase contract obligations (hereinafter collectively called lease obligations) of municipal authorities or entities. Although lease obligations do not constitute general obligations of the municipality for which the municipalitys taxing power is pledged, a lease obligation may be backed by the municipalitys covenant to budget for, appropriate, and make the payments due under the lease obligation. However, certain lease obligations contain non-appropriation clauses which provide that the municipality has no obligation to make lease or installment purchase payments in future years unless money is appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. In addition to the non-appropriation risk, these securities represent a relatively new type of financing that has not yet developed the depth of marketability associated with more conventional bonds. In the case of a non-appropriation lease, the Funds ability to recover under the lease in the event of non-appropriation or default will be limited solely to the |
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repossession of the leased property in the event foreclosure might prove difficult. The Funds subadviser will evaluate the credit quality of a municipal lease and whether it will be considered liquid. (See Illiquid and Restricted Investments in this section of the SAI for information regarding the implications of these investments being considered illiquid.) |
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Municipal Notes |
Municipal notes generally are used to provide for short-term working capital needs and generally have maturities of one year or less. Municipal notes include bond anticipation notes, construction loan notes, revenue anticipation notes and tax anticipation notes. |
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Bond Anticipation Notes |
Bond anticipation notes are issued to provide interim financing until long-term financing can be arranged. In most cases, the long-term bonds then provide the money for the repayment of the notes. |
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Construction Loan Notes |
Construction loan notes are sold to provide construction financing. After successful completion and acceptance, many projects receive permanent financing through FNMA or GNMA. |
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Revenue Anticipation Notes |
Revenue anticipation notes are issued in expectation of receipt of other types of revenue, such as Federal revenues available under Federal revenue sharing programs. |
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Tax Anticipation Notes |
Tax anticipation notes are issued to finance working capital needs of municipalities. Generally, they are issued in anticipation of various seasonal tax revenue, such as income, sales, use and business taxes, and are payable from these specific future taxes. |
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Tax-Exempt Commercial Paper |
Tax-exempt commercial paper is a short-term obligation with a stated maturity of 365 days or less. It is issued by state and local governments or their agencies to finance seasonal working capital needs or as short-term financing in anticipation of longer-term financing. |
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Participation on Creditors Committees |
While the Funds do not invest in securities to exercise control over the securities issuers, each Fund may from time to time participate on committees formed by creditors to negotiate with the management of financially troubled issuers of securities held by the Fund. Such participation may subject the relevant Fund to expenses such as legal fees and may make the Fund an insider of the issuer for purposes of the Federal securities laws, and therefore may restrict the Funds ability to purchase or sell a particular security when it might otherwise desire to do so. Participation by a Fund on such committees also may expose the Fund to potential liabilities under the federal bankruptcy laws or other laws governing the rights of creditors and debtors. A Fund will participate on such committees only when the Funds subadviser believes that such participation is necessary or desirable to enforce the Funds rights as a creditor or to protect the value of securities held by the Fund. |
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Payable in Kind (PIK) Bonds |
PIK bonds are obligations which provide that the issuer thereof may, at its option, pay interest on such bonds in cash or in kind, which means in the form of additional debt securities. Such securities benefit the issuer by mitigating its need for cash to meet debt service, but also require a higher rate of return to attract investors who are willing to defer receipt of such cash. |
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The Funds will accrue income on such investments for tax and accounting purposes, which is distributable to shareholders and which, because no cash is received at the time of accrual, may require the liquidation of other portfolio securities to satisfy the Funds distribution obligations. The market prices of PIK bonds generally are more volatile than the market prices of securities that pay interest periodically, and they are likely to respond to changes in interest rates to a greater degree than would otherwise similar bonds on which regular cash payments of interest are being made. |
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Ratings |
The rating or quality of a debt security refers to the issuers creditworthiness, i.e. , its ability to pay principal and interest when due. Higher ratings indicate better credit quality, as rated by independent rating organizations such as Moodys, S&P or Fitch, which publish their ratings on a regular basis. Appendix A provides a description of the various ratings provided for bonds (including convertible bonds), municipal bonds, and commercial paper.
After a Fund purchase a debt security, the rating of that security may be reduced below the minimum rating acceptable for purchase by the Fund. A subsequent downgrade does not require the sale of the security, but the Funds subadviser will consider such an event in determining whether to continue to hold the obligation. To the extent that ratings established by Moodys or S&P may change as a result of changes in such organizations or their rating systems, a Fund will invest in securities which are deemed by the Funds subadviser to be of comparable quality to securities whose current ratings render them eligible for purchase by the Fund.
Credit ratings issued by credit rating agencies evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments of rated securities. They do not, however, evaluate the market-value risk of low-rated securities and therefore may not fully reflect the true risks of an investment. In addition, credit rating agencies may or may not make timely changes in a rating to reflect changes in the economy or in the condition of the issuer that affect the market value of the security. Consequently, credit ratings are used only as a preliminary indicator of investment quality. |
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Sovereign Debt |
Each Fund may invest in sovereign debt, which is issued or guaranteed by foreign governments (including countries, provinces and municipalities) or their agencies and instrumentalities. Sovereign debt may trade at a substantial discount from face value. The Funds may hold and trade sovereign debt of foreign countries in appropriate circumstances to participate in debt conversion programs. Emerging-market country sovereign debt involves a high degree of risk, is generally lower-quality debt, and is considered speculative in nature due, in part, to the extreme and volatile nature of debt burdens in such countries and because emerging market governments can be relatively unstable. The issuer or governmental authorities that control sovereign-debt repayment (sovereign debtors) may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due in accordance with the terms of the debt. A sovereign debtors willingness or ability to repay principal and interest due in a timely manner may be affected by, |
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among other factors, its cash-flow situation, the extent of its foreign reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the sovereign debtors policy towards the IMF, and the political constraints to which the sovereign debtor may be subject. Sovereign debtors may also be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and others abroad to reduce principal and interest arrearage on their debt. The commitment of these third parties to make such disbursements may be conditioned on the sovereign debtors implementation of economic reforms or economic performance and the timely service of the debtors obligations. The sovereign debtors failure to meet these conditions may cause these third parties to cancel their commitments to provide funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair the debtors ability or willingness to timely service its debts. In certain instances, the Funds may invest in sovereign debt that is in default as to payments of principal or interest. In the event that the Funds hold non-performing sovereign debt, the Funds may incur additional expenses in connection with any restructuring of the issuers obligations or in otherwise enforcing their rights thereunder. |
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Brady Bonds |
Each Fund may invest a portion of its assets in certain sovereign debt obligations known as Brady Bonds. Brady Bonds are issued under the framework of the Brady Plan, an initiative announced by former U.S. Treasury Secretary Nicholas F. Brady in 1989 as a mechanism for debtor nations to restructure their outstanding external indebtedness. The Brady Plan contemplates, among other things, the debtor nations adoption of certain economic reforms and the exchange of commercial bank debt for newly issued bonds. In restructuring its external debt under the Brady Plan framework, a debtor nation negotiates with its existing bank lenders as well as the World Bank or the IMF. The World Bank or IMF supports the restructuring by providing funds pursuant to loan agreements or other arrangements that enable the debtor nation to collateralize the new Brady Bonds or to replenish reserves used to reduce outstanding bank debt. Under these loan agreements or other arrangements with the World Bank or IMF, debtor nations have been required to agree to implement certain domestic monetary and fiscal reforms. The Brady Plan sets forth only general guiding principles for economic reform and debt reduction, emphasizing that solutions must be negotiated on a case-by-case basis between debtor nations and their creditors.
Brady Bonds are often viewed as having three or four valuation components: (i) the collateralized repayment of principal at final maturity; (ii) the collateralized interest payments; (iii) the uncollateralized interest payments; and (iv) any uncollateralized repayment of principal at maturity (these uncollateralized amounts constitute the residual risk). In light of the residual risk of Brady Bonds and, among other factors, the history of defaults with respect to commercial bank loans by public and private entities of countries issuing Brady Bonds, investments in Brady Bonds can be viewed as speculative. |
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Stand-by Commitments |
Each Fund may purchase securities together with the right to resell them to the seller or a third party at an agreed-upon price or yield within specified periods prior to their maturity dates. Such a right to resell is commonly known as a stand-by commitment, and the aggregate price which a Fund pays for securities with a stand-by commitment may increase the cost, and thereby reduce the yield, of the security. The primary purpose of this practice is to permit the Fund to be as fully invested as practicable in municipal securities while preserving the necessary flexibility and liquidity to meet unanticipated redemptions. Stand-by commitments acquired by a Fund are valued at zero in determining the Funds NAV. Stand-by commitments involve certain expenses and risks, including the inability of the issuer of the commitment to pay for the securities at the time the commitment is exercised, non-marketability of the commitment, and differences between the maturity of the underlying security and the maturity of the commitment. |
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Strip Bonds |
Strip bonds are debt securities that are stripped of their interest (usually by a financial intermediary) after the securities are issued. The market value of these securities generally fluctuates more in response to changes in interest rates than interest-paying securities of comparable maturity. |
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Tender Option Bonds |
Tender option bonds are relatively long-term bonds that are coupled with the option to tender the securities to a bank, broker-dealer or other financial institution at periodic intervals and receive the face value of the bond. This investment structure is commonly used as a means of enhancing a securitys liquidity. |
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Variable and Floating Rate Obligations |
Each Fund may purchase securities having a floating or variable rate of interest. These securities pay interest at rates that are adjusted periodically according to a specific formula, usually with reference to some interest rate index or market interest rate (the underlying index). The floating rate tends to decrease the securitys price sensitivity to changes in interest rates. These types of securities are relatively long-term instruments that often carry demand features permitting the holder to demand payment of principal at any time or at specified intervals prior to maturity. Accordingly, as interest rates decrease or increase, the potential for capital appreciation or depreciation is less than for fixed-rate obligations.
In order to most effectively use these investments, a Funds subadviser must correctly assess probable movements in interest rates. This involves different skills than those used to select most portfolio securities. If the Funds subadviser incorrectly forecasts such movements, the Fund could be adversely affected by the use of variable or floating rate obligations.
The floating and variable rate obligations that the Funds may purchase include variable rate demand securities. Variable rate demand securities are variable rate securities that have demand features entitling the purchaser to resell the securities to the issuer at an amount approximately equal to amortized cost or the principal amount thereof plus accrued interest, which may be more or less than the price that the Fund paid for them. The interest rate on variable rate demand securities also varies either |
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according to some objective standard, such as an index of short-term, tax-exempt rates, or according to rates set by or on behalf of the issuer.
When a Fund purchases a floating or variable rate demand instrument, the Funds subadviser will monitor, on an ongoing basis, the ability of the issuer to pay principal and interest on demand. The Funds right to obtain payment at par on a demand instrument could be affected by events occurring between the date the Fund elects to demand payment and the date payment is due that may affect the ability of the issuer of the instrument to make payment when due, except when such demand instrument permits same day settlement. To facilitate settlement, these same day demand instruments may be held in book entry form at a bank other than the Funds custodian subject to a sub-custodian agreement between the bank and the Funds custodian.
The floating and variable rate obligations that the Funds may purchase also include certificates of participation in such obligations purchased from banks. A certificate of participation gives the Fund an undivided interest in the underlying obligations in the proportion that the Funds interest bears to the total principal amount of the obligation. Certain certificates of participation may carry a demand feature that would permit the holder to tender them back to the issuer prior to maturity.
The income received on certificates of participation in tax-exempt municipal obligations constitutes interest from tax-exempt obligations.
Each Fund will limit its purchases of floating and variable rate obligations to those of the same quality as it otherwise is allowed to purchase. Similar to fixed rate debt instruments, variable and floating rate instruments are subject to changes in value based on changes in prevailing market interest rates or changes in the issuers creditworthiness.
A floating or variable rate instrument may be subject to a Funds percentage limitation on illiquid securities if there is no reliable trading market for the instrument or if the Fund may not demand payment of the principal amount within seven days. (See Illiquid and Restricted Securities in this section of the SAI.) |
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Zero and Deferred Coupon Debt Securities |
Each Fund may invest in debt obligations that do not make any interest payments for a specified period of time prior to maturity (deferred coupon bonds) or until maturity (zero coupon bonds). The nonpayment of interest on a current basis may result from the bonds having no stated interest rate, in which case the bond pays only principal at maturity and is initially issued at a discount from face value. Alternatively, the bond may provide for a stated rate of interest, but provide that such interest is not payable until maturity, in which case the bond may initially be issued at par. The value to the investor of these types of bonds is represented by the economic accretion either of the difference between the purchase price and the nominal principal amount (if no interest is stated to accrue) or of accrued, unpaid interest during the bonds life or payment deferral period.
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Because deferred and zero coupon bonds do not make interest payments for a certain period of time, they are generally purchased by a Fund at a deep discount and their value fluctuates more in response to interest rate changes than does the value of debt obligations that make current interest payments. The degree of fluctuation with interest rate changes is greater when the deferred period is longer. Therefore, when a Fund invests in zero or deferred coupon bonds there is a risk that the value of the Funds shares may decline more as a result of an increase in interest rates than would be the case if the Fund did not invest in such bonds.
Even though zero and deferred coupon bonds may not pay current interest in cash, each Fund is required to accrue interest income on such investments and to distribute such amounts to shareholders. Thus, a Fund would not be able to purchase income-producing securities to the extent cash is used to pay such distributions, and, therefore, the Funds current income could be less than it otherwise would have been. Instead of using cash, the Fund might liquidate investments in order to satisfy these distribution requirements. |
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Derivative Investments |
The Fund may invest in various types of derivatives, which may at times result in significant derivative exposure. A derivative is a financial instrument whose performance is derived from the performance of another asset. The Fund may invest in derivative instruments including, but not limited to: futures contracts, put options, call options, options on future contracts, options on foreign currencies, swaps, forward contracts, structured investments, and other equity-linked derivatives.
The Fund may use derivative instruments for hedging (to offset risks associated with an investment, currency exposure, or market conditions) or for speculative (to seek to enhance returns) purposes. When the Fund invests in a derivative for speculative purposes, the Fund will be fully exposed to the risks of loss of that derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the derivatives cost. The Fund may not use any derivative to gain exposure to an asset or class of assets that it would be prohibited by its investment restrictions from purchasing directly. The Funds ability to use derivative instruments may also be limited by tax considerations. (See Dividends, Distributions and Taxes in this SAI.)
Investments in derivatives in general are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time. Investments in derivatives may not directly correlate with the price movements of the underlying instrument. As a result, the use of derivatives may expose the Fund to additional risks that it would not be subject to if it invested directly in the securities underlying those derivatives. The use of derivatives may result in larger losses or smaller gains than otherwise would be the case. |
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Commodity Interests |
Certain of the derivative investment types permitted for the Funds may be considered commodity interests for purposes of the CEA and regulations approved by the CFTC. However, each Fund intends to limit the use of such investment types as required to qualify for exclusion or exemption from being considered a commodity pool or otherwise as a vehicle for |
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trading in commodity interests under such regulations. As a result, each Fund has filed a notice of exclusion under CFTC Regulation 4.5 or exemption under CFTC Regulation 4.13(a)(3).
The CFTC recently adopted amendments to its rules that may affect the Funds ability to continue to claim exclusion or exemption from regulation. If a Funds use of these techniques would cause the Fund to be considered a commodity pool under the CEA, then the Adviser would be subject to registration and regulation as the Funds commodity pool operator, and the Funds subadviser may be subject to registration and regulation as the Funds commodity trading advisor. A Fund may incur additional expense as a result of the CFTCs registration and regulation obligations, and the Funds use of these techniques and other instruments may be limited or restricted. |
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Credit-linked Notes |
Credit-linked notes are derivative instruments used to transfer credit risk. The performance of the notes is linked to the performance of the underlying reference obligation or reference portfolio (reference entities). The notes are usually issued by a special purpose vehicle that sells credit protection through a credit default swap agreement in return for a premium and an obligation to pay the transaction sponsor should a reference entity experience a credit event, such as bankruptcy. The special purpose vehicle invests the proceeds from the notes to cover its contingent obligation. Revenue from the investments and the money received as premium are used to pay interest to note holders. The main risk of credit linked notes is the risk of default to the reference obligation of the credit default swap. Should a default occur, the special purpose vehicle would have to pay the transaction sponsor, subordinating payments to the note holders. Credit linked notes also may not be liquid and may be subject to currency and interest rate risks as well. |
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Eurodollar Instruments |
The Funds may invest in Eurodollar instruments. Eurodollar instruments are U.S. dollar-denominated futures contracts or options thereon which are linked to the LIBOR, although foreign currency-denominated instruments are available from time to time. Eurodollar futures contracts enable purchasers to obtain a fixed rate for the lending of funds and sellers to obtain a fixed rate for borrowings. A Fund might use Eurodollar futures contracts and options thereon to hedge against changes in LIBOR, to which many interest rate swaps and fixed income instruments are linked. |
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Equity-linked Derivatives |
Each Fund may invest in equity-linked derivative products designed to replicate the composition and performance of particular indices. Examples of such products include Standard & Poors Depositary Receipts (SPDRs), World Equity Benchmark Series (WEBs), NASDAQ 100 tracking shares (QQQs), Dow Jones Industrial Average Instruments (DIAMONDS) and Optimized Portfolios as Listed Securities (OPALS). Investments in equity-linked derivatives involve the same risks associated with a direct investment in the types of securities included in the indices such products are designed to track. There can be no assurance that the trading price of the equity-linked derivatives will equal the underlying value of the basket of securities purchased to replicate a particular index or that such basket will replicate the index. |
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Investments in equity-linked derivatives may constitute investments in other investment companies. (See Mutual Fund Investing in this section of the SAI for information regarding the implications of a Fund investing in other investment companies.) |
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Foreign Currency Forward Contracts, Futures and Options |
Each Fund may engage in certain derivative foreign currency exchange and option transactions involving investment risks and transaction costs to which the Fund would not be subject absent the use of these strategies. If a Funds subadvisers predictions of movements in the direction of securities prices or currency exchange rates are inaccurate, the adverse consequences to the Fund may leave the Fund in a worse position than if it had not used such strategies. Risks inherent in the use of option and foreign currency forward and futures contracts include: (1) dependence on the Funds subadvisers ability to correctly predict movements in the direction of securities prices and currency exchange rates; (2) imperfect correlation between the price of options and futures contracts and movements in the prices of the securities or currencies being hedged; (3) the fact that the skills needed to use these strategies are different from those needed to select portfolio securities; (4) the possible absence of a liquid secondary market for any particular instrument at any time; and (5) the possible need to defer closing out certain hedged positions to avoid adverse tax consequences. The Funds ability to enter into futures contracts is also limited by the requirements of the Code for qualification as a regulated investment company. (See the Dividends, Distributions and Taxes section of this SAI.)
A Fund may engage in currency exchange transactions to protect against uncertainty in the level of future currency exchange rates. In addition, a Fund may write covered put and call options on foreign currencies for the purpose of increasing its return.
Generally, a Fund may engage in both transaction hedging and position hedging. When it engages in transaction hedging, a Fund enters into foreign currency transactions with respect to specific receivables or payables, generally arising in connection with the purchase or sale of portfolio securities. A Fund will engage in transaction hedging when it desires to lock in the U.S. dollar price of a security it has agreed to purchase or sell, or the U.S. dollar equivalent of a dividend or interest payment in a foreign currency. By transaction hedging, the Fund will attempt to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the applicable foreign currency during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold, or on which the dividend or interest payment is declared, and the date on which such payments are made or received. |
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A Fund may enter into contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies at a future date (forward contracts) and purchase and sell foreign currency futures contracts. For transaction hedging purposes, the Fund may also purchase exchange-listed and over-the-counter put and call options on foreign currency futures contracts and on foreign currencies. A put option on a futures contract gives the Fund the right to assume a short position in the futures contract until the expiration of the option. |
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A put option on a currency gives the Fund the right to sell the currency at an exercise price until the expiration of the option. A call option on a futures contract gives the Fund the right to assume a long position in the futures contract until the expiration of the option. A call option on a currency gives the Fund the right to purchase the currency at the exercise price until the expiration of the option.
When engaging in position hedging, a Fund enters into foreign currency exchange transactions to protect against a decline in the values of the foreign currencies in which its portfolio securities are denominated (or an increase in the values of currency for securities which the Fund expects to purchase, when the Fund holds cash or short-term investments). In connection with position hedging, the Fund may purchase put or call options on foreign currency and on foreign currency futures contracts and buy or sell forward contracts and foreign currency futures contracts. (A Fund may also purchase or sell foreign currency on a spot basis, as discussed in Foreign Currency Transactions under Foreign Investing in this section of the SAI.)
The precise matching of the amounts of foreign currency exchange transactions and the value of the portfolio securities involved will not generally be possible since the future value of such securities in foreign currencies will change as a consequence of market movements in the value of those securities between the dates the currency exchange transactions are entered into and the dates they mature. It is also impossible to forecast with precision the market value of portfolio securities at the expiration or maturity of a forward or futures contract. Accordingly, it may be necessary for a Fund to purchase additional foreign currency on the spot market (and bear the expense of such purchase) if the market value of the security or securities being hedged is less than the amount of foreign currency the Fund is obligated to deliver and a decision is made to sell the security or securities and make delivery of the foreign currency. Conversely, it may be necessary to sell on the spot market some of the foreign currency received upon the sale of the portfolio security or securities if the market value of such security or securities exceeds the amount of foreign currency the Fund is obligated to deliver. |
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Transaction and position hedging do not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities which a Fund owns or intends to purchase or sell. They simply establish a rate of exchange which one can achieve at some future point in time. Additionally, although these techniques tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, they also tend to limit any potential gain which might result from the increase in value of such currency.
A Fund may seek to increase its return or to offset some of the costs of hedging against fluctuations in currency exchange rates by writing covered put options and covered call options on foreign currencies. In that case, the Fund receives a premium from writing a put or call option, which increases the Funds current return if the option expires unexercised or is closed out at a net profit. A Fund may terminate an option that it has written |
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prior to its expiration by entering into a closing purchase transaction in which it purchases an option having the same terms as the option written.
A Funds currency hedging transactions may call for the delivery of one foreign currency in exchange for another foreign currency and may at times not involve currencies in which its portfolio securities are then denominated. A Funds subadviser will engage in such cross hedging activities when it believes that such transactions provide significant hedging opportunities for the Fund. Cross hedging transactions by a Fund involve the risk of imperfect correlation between changes in the values of the currencies to which such transactions relate and changes in the value of the currency or other asset or liability which is the subject of the hedge.
Foreign currency forward contracts, futures and options may be traded on foreign exchanges. Such transactions may not be regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the United States; may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees; and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (i) other complex foreign political, legal and economic factors, (ii) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (iii) delays in the relevant Funds ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non-business hours in the United States, (iv) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States, and (v) lesser trading volume.
The types of derivative foreign currency exchange transactions most commonly employed by the Funds are discussed below, although each Fund is also permitted to engage in other similar transactions to the extent consistent with the Funds investment limitations and restrictions. |
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Foreign Currency Forward Contracts |
A foreign currency forward contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days (term) from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts are traded directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers.
A Fund will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily in an amount not less than the value of the Funds total assets committed to forward foreign currency exchange contracts entered into for the purchase of a foreign currency. If the value of the securities specifically designated declines, additional cash or securities will be added so that the specifically designated amount is not less than the amount of the Funds commitments with respect to such contracts. |
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Foreign Currency Futures Transactions |
Each Fund may use foreign currency futures contracts and options on such futures contracts. Through the purchase or sale of such contracts, a Fund may be able to achieve many of the same objectives attainable through the use of foreign currency forward contracts, but more effectively and possibly at a lower cost. |
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Unlike forward foreign currency exchange contracts, foreign currency futures contracts and options on foreign currency futures contracts are standardized as to amount and delivery period and are traded on boards of trade and commodities exchanges. It is anticipated that such contracts may provide greater liquidity and lower cost than forward foreign currency exchange contracts.
Purchasers and sellers of foreign currency futures contracts are subject to the same risks that apply to the buying and selling of futures generally. In addition, there are risks associated with foreign currency futures contracts similar to those associated with options on foreign currencies. (See Foreign Currency Options and Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts, each in this sub-section of the SAI.) The Fund must accept or make delivery of the underlying foreign currency, through banking arrangements, in accordance with any U.S. or foreign restrictions or regulations regarding the maintenance of foreign banking arrangements by U.S. residents and may be required to pay any fees, taxes or charges associated with such delivery which are assessed in the issuing country.
To the extent required to comply with SEC Release No. IC-10666, when entering into a futures contract or an option transaction, a Fund will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily equal to the prescribed amount.
Futures contracts are designed by boards of trade which are designated contracts markets by the CFTC. Futures contracts trade on contracts markets in a manner that is similar to the way a stock trades on a stock exchange and the boards of trade, through their clearing corporations, guarantee performance of the contracts. As of the date of this SAI, the Funds may invest in futures contracts under specified conditions without being regulated as commodity pools. However, under recently amended CFTC rules the Funds ability to maintain the exclusions/exemptions from the definition of commodity pool may be limited. (See Commodity Interests in this section of the SAI.) |
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Foreign Currency Options |
A foreign currency option provides the option buyer with the right to buy or sell a stated amount of foreign currency at the exercise price at a specified date or during the option period. A call option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to buy the currency, while a put option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to sell the currency. The option seller (writer) is obligated to fulfill the terms of the option sold if it is exercised. However, either seller or buyer may close its position during the option period for such options any time prior to expiration. |
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A call rises in value if the underlying currency appreciates. Conversely, a put rises in value if the underlying currency depreciates. While purchasing a foreign currency option can protect a Fund against an adverse movement in the value of a foreign currency, it does not limit the gain which might result from a favorable movement in the value of such currency. For example, if the Fund were holding securities denominated in an appreciating foreign currency and had purchased a foreign currency put to hedge against a decline in the value of the currency, it would not have to exercise its put. Similarly, if the Fund had entered into a contract to purchase a security denominated in a foreign currency and had purchased a foreign currency call to hedge against a rise in the value of the currency but instead the currency had depreciated in value between the date of purchase and the settlement date, the Fund would not have to exercise its call but could acquire in the spot market the amount of foreign currency needed for settlement. |
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The value of a foreign currency option depends upon the value of the underlying currency relative to the U.S. dollar. As a result, the price of the option position may vary with changes in the value of either or both currencies and have no relationship to the investment merits of a foreign security, including foreign securities held in a hedged investment portfolio. Because foreign currency transactions occurring in the interbank market involve substantially larger amounts than those that may be involved in the use of foreign currency options, the Funds may be disadvantaged by having to deal in an odd lot market (generally consisting of transactions of less than $1 million) for the underlying foreign currencies at prices that are less favorable than for round lots.
As in the case of other kinds of options, the use of foreign currency options constitutes only a partial hedge, and a Fund could be required to purchase or sell foreign currencies at disadvantageous exchange rates, thereby incurring losses. The purchase of an option on a foreign currency may not necessarily constitute an effective hedge against fluctuations in exchange rates and, in the event of rate movements adverse to the Funds position, the Fund may forfeit the entire amount of the premium plus related transaction costs.
Options on foreign currencies written or purchased by a Fund may be traded on U.S. or foreign exchanges or over the counter. There is no systematic reporting of last sale information for foreign currencies traded over the counter or any regulatory requirement that quotations available through dealers or other market sources be firm or revised on a timely basis. Quotation information available is generally representative of very large transactions in the interbank market and thus may not reflect relatively smaller transactions (i.e., less than $1 million) where rates may be less favorable. The interbank market in foreign currencies is a global, around-the-clock market. To the extent that the U.S. options markets are closed while the markets for the underlying currencies remain open, significant price and rate movements may take place in the underlying markets that are not reflected in the options market. |
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For additional information about options transactions, see Options under Derivative Investments in this section of the SAI. |
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Foreign Currency Warrants |
Foreign currency warrants such as currency exchange warrants are warrants that entitle the holder to receive from the issuer an amount of cash (generally, for warrants issued in the United States, in U.S. dollars) that is calculated pursuant to a predetermined formula and based on the exchange rate between a specified foreign currency and the U.S. dollar as of the exercise date of the warrant. Foreign currency warrants generally are exercisable upon their issuance and expire as of a specified date and time. Foreign currency warrants have been issued in connection with U.S. dollar-denominated debt offerings by major corporate issuers in an attempt to reduce the foreign currency exchange risk that, from the point of view of prospective purchasers of the securities, is inherent in the international fixed income marketplace. |
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Foreign currency warrants may be used to reduce the foreign exchange risk assumed by purchasers of a security by, for example, providing for a supplemental payment in the event the U.S. dollar depreciates against the value of a major foreign currency such as the Japanese Yen or Euro. The formula used to determine the amount payable upon exercise of a foreign currency warrant may make the warrant worthless unless the applicable foreign currency exchange rate moves in a particular direction (e.g., unless the U.S. dollar appreciates or depreciates against the particular foreign currency to which the warrant is linked or indexed).
Foreign currency warrants are severable from the debt obligations with which they may be offered, and may be listed on exchanges. Foreign currency warrants may be exercisable only in certain minimum amounts, and an investor wishing to exercise warrants who possesses less than the minimum number required for exercise may be required either to sell the warrants or to purchase additional warrants, thereby incurring additional transaction costs. Upon exercise of warrants, there may be a delay between the time the holder gives instructions to exercise and the time the exchange rate relating to exercise is determined, thereby affecting both the market and cash settlement values of the warrants being exercised. The expiration date of the warrants may be accelerated if the warrants should be delisted from an exchange or if their trading should be suspended permanently, which would result in the loss of any remaining time value of the warrants (i.e., the difference between the current market value and the exercise value of the warrants), and, if the warrants were out-of-the-money, in a total loss of the purchase price of the warrants.
Warrants are generally unsecured obligations of their issuers and are not standardized foreign currency options issued by the OCC. Unlike foreign currency options issued by OCC, the terms of foreign exchange warrants generally will not be amended in the event of governmental or regulatory actions affecting exchange rates or in the event of the imposition of other regulatory controls affecting the international currency markets. The initial public offering price of foreign currency warrants is |
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generally considerably in excess of the price that a commercial user of foreign currencies might pay in the interbank market for a comparable option involving significantly larger amounts of foreign currencies. Foreign currency warrants are subject to significant foreign exchange risk, including risks arising from complex political or economic factors. |
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Performance Indexed Paper |
Performance indexed paper is U.S. dollar-denominated commercial paper the yield of which is linked to certain foreign exchange rate movements. The yield to the investor on performance indexed paper is established at maturity as a function of spot exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and a designated currency as of or about the time (generally, the index maturity two days prior to maturity). The yield to the investor will be within a range stipulated at the time of purchase of the obligation, generally with a guaranteed minimum rate of return that is below, and a potential maximum rate of return that is above, market yields on U.S. dollar-denominated commercial paper, with both the minimum and maximum rates of return on the investment corresponding to the minimum and maximum values of the spot exchange rate two business days prior to maturity. |
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Principal Exchange
Rate Linked Securities (PERLS) |
PERLS are debt obligations the principal on which is payable at maturity in an amount that may vary based on the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and a particular foreign currency at or about that time. The return on standard principal exchange rate linked securities is enhanced if the foreign currency to which the security is linked appreciates against the U.S. dollar, and is adversely affected by increases in the foreign exchange value of the U.S. dollar, reverse PERLS are like the standard securities, except that their return is enhanced by increases in the value of the U.S. dollar and adversely impacted by increases in the value of foreign currency. Interest payments on the securities are generally made in U.S. dollars at rates that reflect the degree of foreign currency risk assumed or given up by the purchaser of the notes (i.e., at relatively higher interest rates if the purchaser has assumed some of the foreign exchange risk, or relatively lower interest rates if the issuer has assumed some of the foreign exchange risk, based on the expectations of the current market). PERLS may in limited cases be subject to acceleration of maturity (generally, not without the consent of the holders of the securities), which may have an adverse impact on the value of the principal payment to be made at maturity. |
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Futures Contracts
and Options on Futures Contracts |
Each Fund may use interest rate, foreign currency or index futures contracts. An interest rate, foreign currency or index futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified quantity of a financial instrument, foreign currency or the cash value of an index at a specified price and time. A futures contract on an index is an agreement pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of the index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the index contract was originally written. Although the value of an index might be a function of the value of certain specified securities, no physical delivery of these securities is made. A public market exists in futures contracts |
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covering several indexes as well as a number of financial instruments and foreign currencies, and it is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future. Interest rate futures contracts currently are traded in the United States primarily on the floors of the Chicago Board of Trade and the International Monetary Market of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. Interest rate futures also are traded on foreign exchanges such as the London International Financial Futures Exchange and the Singapore International Monetary Exchange. |
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A Fund may purchase and write call and put options on futures. Futures options possess many of the same characteristics as options on securities and indexes discussed above. A futures option gives the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a long position (call) or short position (put) in a futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time during the period of option. Upon exercise of a call option, the holder acquires a long position in the futures contract and the writer is assigned the opposite short position. In the case of a put option, the opposite is true.
The Funds will limit their use of futures contracts and futures options to hedging transactions and in an attempt to increase total return, in accordance with Federal regulations. The costs of, and possible losses incurred from, futures contracts and options thereon may reduce the Funds current income and involve a loss of principal. Any incremental return earned by the Fund resulting from these transactions would be expected to offset anticipated losses or a portion thereof.
The Funds will only enter into futures contracts and futures options which are standardized and traded on a U.S. or foreign exchange, board of trade, or similar entity, or quoted on an automated quotation system.
When a purchase or sale of a futures contract is made by a Fund, the Fund is required to deposit with its custodian (or broker, if legally permitted) a specified amount of cash or U.S. Government securities (initial margin). The margin required for a futures contract is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded and may be modified during the term of the contract. The initial margin is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the futures contract which is returned to the Fund upon termination of the contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied. The Funds expect to earn interest income on their initial margin deposits. A futures contract held by a Fund is valued daily at the official settlement price of the exchange on which it is traded. Each day the Fund pays or receives cash, called variation margin, equal to the daily change in value of the futures contract. This process is known as marking to market. Variation margin does not represent a borrowing or loan by the Fund but is instead a settlement between the Fund and the broker of the amount one would owe the other if the futures contract expired. In computing daily NAV, the Fund will mark to market its open futures positions.
The Funds are also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by them. Such margin deposits will vary depending on the nature of |
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the underlying futures contract (and the related initial margin requirements), the current market value of the option, and other futures positions held by the relevant Fund. |
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To the extent required to comply with SEC Release No. IC-10666, when entering into a futures contract or an option on a futures contract, a Fund will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily equal to the prescribed amount.
Futures contracts are designed by boards of trade which are designated contracts markets by the CFTC. Futures contracts trade on contracts markets in a manner that is similar to the way a stock trades on a stock exchange and the boards of trade, through their clearing corporations, guarantee performance of the contracts. As of the date of this SAI, each Fund may invest in futures contracts under specified conditions without registering as a commodity pool with the CFTC. However, under the recent rule amendments the Funds ability to claim the exclusion/exemption from the definition of a commodity pool may be limited. (See Commodity Interests in this SAI.)
The requirements of the Code for qualification as a regulated investment company also may limit the extent to which a Fund may enter into futures, futures options or forward contracts. (See the Dividends, Distributions and Taxes section of this SAI.)
Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying securities, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sales price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss. The transaction costs must also be included in these calculations.
Positions in futures contracts and related options may be closed out only on an exchange which provides a secondary market for such contracts or options. The Fund will enter into an option or futures position only if there appears to be a liquid secondary market. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option or futures contract at any specific time. Thus, it may not be possible to close out a futures or related option position. In the case of a futures position, in the event of adverse price movements the Fund would continue to be required to make daily margin payments. In this situation, if the Fund has insufficient cash to meet daily margin requirements it may have to sell portfolio securities to meet its margin obligations at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition, the Fund may be required to take or make delivery of the securities underlying the futures contracts it holds. The inability to close out futures positions also could have an adverse impact on the Funds ability to hedge its portfolio effectively. |
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There are several risks in connection with the use of futures contracts as a hedging device. While hedging can provide protection against an adverse movement in market prices, it can also limit a hedgers opportunity to benefit fully from a favorable market movement. In addition, investing in futures contracts and options on futures contracts will cause the Fund to incur additional brokerage commissions and may cause an increase in the Funds portfolio turnover rate. |
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The successful use of futures contracts and related options also depends on the ability of the relevant Funds subadviser to forecast correctly the direction and extent of market movements, interest rates and other market factors within a given time frame. To the extent market prices remain stable during the period a futures contract or option is held by a Fund or such prices move in a direction opposite to that anticipated, the Fund may realize a loss on the transaction which is not offset by an increase in the value of its portfolio securities. Options and futures may also fail as a hedging technique in cases where the movements of the securities underlying the options and futures do not follow the price movements of the hedged portfolio securities. As a result, the Funds total return for the period may be less than if it had not engaged in the hedging transaction. The loss from investing in futures transactions is potentially unlimited.
Utilization of futures contracts by a Fund involves the risk of imperfect correlation in movements in the price of futures contracts and movements in the price of the securities which are being hedged. If the price of the futures contract moves more or less than the price of the securities being hedged, the Fund will experience a gain or loss which will not be completely offset by movements in the price of the securities. It is possible that, where a Fund has sold futures contracts to hedge its portfolio against a decline in the market, the market may advance and the value of securities held in the Funds portfolio may decline. If this occurred, the Fund would lose money on the futures contract and would also experience a decline in value in its portfolio securities. Where futures are purchased to hedge against a possible increase in the prices of securities before the Fund is able to invest its cash (or cash equivalents) in securities (or options) in an orderly fashion, it is possible that the market may decline; if the Fund then determines not to invest in securities (or options) at that time because of concern as to possible further market decline or for other reasons, the Fund will realize a loss on the futures that would not be offset by a reduction in the price of the securities purchased.
The market prices of futures contracts may be affected if participants in the futures market elect to close out their contracts through off-setting transactions rather than to meet margin deposit requirements. In such case, distortions in the normal relationship between the cash and futures markets could result. Price distortions could also result if investors in futures contracts opt to make or take delivery of the underlying securities rather than to engage in closing transactions because such action would reduce the liquidity of the futures market. In addition, from the point of view of speculators, because the deposit requirements in the futures markets are less onerous |
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than margin requirements in the cash market, increased participation by speculators in the futures market could cause temporary price distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortions in the futures market and because of the imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of securities and movements in the prices of futures contracts, a correct forecast of market trends may still not result in a successful hedging transaction.
Compared to the purchase or sale of futures contracts, the purchase of put or call options on futures contracts involves less potential risk for the Fund because the maximum amount at risk is the premium paid for the options plus transaction costs. However, there may be circumstances when the purchase of an option on a futures contract would result in a loss to the Fund while the purchase or sale of the futures contract would not have resulted in a loss, such as when there is no movement in the price of the underlying securities.
For additional information about options transactions, see Options under Derivative Investments in this section of the SAI. |
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Mortgage-Related and Other Asset-Backed Securities |
Each Fund may purchase mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities, which collectively are securities backed by mortgages, installment contracts, credit card receivables or other financial assets. Asset-backed securities represent interests in pools of assets in which payments of both interest and principal on the securities are made periodically, thus in effect passing through such payments made by the individual borrowers on the assets that underlie the securities, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of the securities. The average life of asset-backed securities varies with the maturities of the underlying instruments, and the average life of a mortgage-backed instrument, in particular, is likely to be substantially less than the original maturity of the mortgage pools underlying the securities as a result of mortgage prepayments. For this and other reasons, an asset-backed securitys stated maturity may be shortened, and the securitys total return may be difficult to predict precisely.
If an asset-backed security is purchased at a premium, a prepayment rate that is faster than expected will reduce yield to maturity, while a prepayment rate that is slower than expected will have the opposite effect of increasing yield to maturity. Conversely, if an asset-backed security is purchased at a discount, faster than expected prepayments will increase yield to maturity, while slower than expected prepayments will decrease yield to maturity.
Prepayments of principal of mortgage-related securities by mortgagors or mortgage foreclosures affect the average life of the mortgage-related securities in the Funds portfolio. Mortgage prepayments are affected by the level of interest rates and other factors, including general economic conditions and the underlying location and age of the mortgage. In periods of rising interest rates, the prepayment rate tends to decrease, lengthening the average life of a pool of mortgage-related securities. The longer the remaining maturity of a security the |
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greater the effect of interest rate changes will be. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal and in the markets perception of its creditworthiness also affect the market value of that issuers debt securities.
In periods of falling interest rates, the prepayment rate tends to increase, shortening the average life of a pool. Because prepayments of principal generally occur when interest rates are declining, it is likely that the Fund, to the extent that it retains the same percentage of debt securities, may have to reinvest the proceeds of prepayments at lower interest rates than those of its previous investments. If this occurs, that Funds yield will correspondingly decline. Thus, mortgage-related securities may have less potential for capital appreciation in periods of falling interest rates than other fixed income securities of comparable duration, although they may have a comparable risk of decline in market value in periods of rising interest rates. To the extent that the Fund purchases mortgage-related securities at a premium, unscheduled prepayments, which are made at par, result in a loss equal to any unamortized premium.
Duration is one of the fundamental tools used by the adviser in managing interest rate risks including prepayment risks. Traditionally, a debt securitys term to maturity characterizes a securitys sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Term to maturity, however, measures only the time until a debt security provides its final payment, taking no account of prematurity payments. Most debt securities provide interest (coupon) payments in addition to a final (par) payment at maturity, and some securities have call provisions allowing the issuer to repay the instrument in full before maturity date, each of which affect the securitys response to interest rate changes. Duration is considered a more precise measure of interest rate risk than term to maturity. Determining duration may involve the advisers estimates of future economic parameters, which may vary from actual future values. Fixed income securities with effective durations of three years are more responsive to interest rate fluctuations than those with effective durations of one year. For example, if interest rates rise by 1%, the value of securities having an effective duration of three years will generally decrease by approximately 3%.
Descriptions of some of the different types of mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities most commonly acquired by the Funds are provided below. In addition to those shown, other types of mortgage-related and asset-backed investments are, or may become, available for investment by the Funds. |
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Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMOs) |
CMOs are hybrid instruments with characteristics of both mortgage-backed and mortgage pass-through securities. Similar to a bond, interest and prepaid principal on a CMO are paid, in most cases, semiannually. CMOs may be collateralized by whole mortgage loans but are more typically collateralized by portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities guaranteed by entities such as GNMA, FHLMC, or FNMA, and their income streams.
CMOs are typically structured in multiple classes, each bearing a different stated maturity. Actual maturity and average life will |
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depend upon the prepayment experience of the collateral. CMOs provide for a modified form of call protection through a de facto breakdown of the underlying pool of mortgages according to how quickly the loans are repaid. Monthly payment of principal received from the pool of underlying mortgages, including prepayments, is first returned to investors holding the shortest maturity class. Investors holding the longer maturity classes typically receive principal only after the first class has been retired. An investor may be partially guarded against a sooner than desired return of principal because of the sequential payments.
FHLMC CMOs are debt obligations of FHLMC issued in multiple classes having different maturity dates and are secured by the pledge of a pool of conventional mortgage loans purchased by FHLMC. Unlike FHLMC Participation Certificates, payments of principal and interest on the CMOs are made semiannually rather than monthly. The amount of principal payable on each semiannual payment date is determined in accordance with FHLMCs mandatory sinking fund schedule. Sinking fund payments in the CMOs are allocated to the retirement of the individual classes of bonds in the order of their stated maturities. Payments of principal on the mortgage loans in the collateral pool in excess of the amount of FHLMCs minimum sinking fund obligation for any payment date are paid to the holders of the CMOs as additional sinking-fund payments. Because of the pass-through nature of all principal payments received on the collateral pool in excess of FHLMCs minimum sinking fund requirement, the rate at which principal of the CMOs is actually repaid is likely to be such that each class of bonds will be retired in advance of its scheduled maturity date. If collection of principal (including prepayments) on the mortgage loans during any semiannual payment period is not sufficient to meet FHLMCs minimum sinking fund obligation on the next sinking fund payment date, FHLMC agrees to make up the deficiency from its general funds. |
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CMO Residuals |
CMO residuals are derivative mortgage securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans. As described above, the cash flow generated by the mortgage assets underlying a series of CMOs is applied first to make required payments of principal and interest on the CMOs and second to pay the related administrative expenses of the issuer. The residual in a CMO structure generally represents the interest in any excess cash flow remaining after making the foregoing payments. Each payment of such excess cash flow to a holder of the related CMO residual represents income and/or a return of capital. The amount of residual cash flow resulting from a CMO will depend on, among other things, the characteristics of the mortgage assets, the coupon rate of each class of CMO, prevailing interest rates, the amount of administrative expenses and, in particular, the prepayment experience on the mortgage assets. In addition, if a series of a CMO includes a class that bears interest at an adjustable rate, the yield to maturity on the related CMO residual will also be extremely sensitive to changes in the level of the index upon which interest rate adjustments are based. In certain circumstances a Fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in a CMO residual. |
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CMO residuals are generally purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers. The CMO residual market currently may not have the liquidity of other more established securities trading in other markets. CMO residuals may be subject to certain restrictions on transferability, may be deemed illiquid and therefore subject to the Funds limitations on investment in illiquid securities. (See Illiquid and Restricted Securities in this section of the SAI.) |
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Mortgage Pass-through Securities |
Mortgage pass-through securities are interests in pools of mortgage loans, assembled and issued by various governmental, government-related, and private organizations. Unlike other forms of debt securities, which normally provide for periodic payment of interest in fixed amounts with principal payments at maturity or specified call dates, these securities provide a monthly payment consisting of both interest and principal payments. In effect, these payments are a pass-through of the monthly payments made by the individual borrowers on their residential or commercial mortgage loans, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities. Additional payments are caused by repayments of principal resulting from the sale of the underlying property, refinancing or foreclosure, net of fees or costs. Modified pass-through securities (such as securities issued by GNMA) entitle the holder to receive all interest and principal payments owed on the mortgage pool, net of certain fees, at the scheduled payment dates regardless of whether or not the mortgagor actually makes the payment.
The principal governmental guarantor of mortgage-related securities is GNMA. GNMA is authorized to guarantee, with the full faith and credit of the United States Government, the timely payment of principal and interest on securities issued by institutions approved by GNMA (such as savings and loan institutions, commercial banks and mortgage bankers) and backed by pools of Federal Housing Administration insured or Veterans Administration guaranteed mortgages. Government-related guarantors whose obligations are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government include FNMA and FHLMC. FNMA purchases conventional (i.e., not insured or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of approved seller/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions and mortgage bankers. FHLMC issues Participation Certificates that represent interests in conventional mortgages from FHLMCs national portfolio. FNMA and FHLMC guarantee the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal on securities they issue, but the securities they issue are neither issued nor guaranteed by the United States Government.
Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass-through pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may, in addition, be the originators and/or servicers of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the mortgage-related securities. Pools created by such non-governmental |
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issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than government and government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect government or agency guarantees of payments for such securities. However, timely payment of interest and principal of these pools may be supported by various forms of insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance and letters of credit. The insurance and guarantees are issued by governmental entities, private insurers and the mortgage poolers. Such insurance and guarantees and the creditworthiness of the issuers thereof will be considered in determining whether a mortgage-related security meets the Funds investment quality standards. There can be no assurance that the private insurers or guarantors can meet their obligations under the insurance policies or guarantee arrangements. A Fund may buy mortgage-related securities without insurance or guarantees if, through an examination of the loan experience and practices of the originator/servicers and poolers, the Funds subadviser determines that the securities meet the Funds quality standards. Securities issued by certain private organizations may not be readily marketable and may therefore be subject to the Funds limitations on investments in illiquid securities. (See Illiquid and Restricted Securities in this section of the SAI.)
Mortgage-backed securities that are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, are not subject to the Funds industry concentration restrictions set forth in the Investment Restrictions section of this SAI by virtue of the exclusion from the test available to all U.S. Government securities. The Funds will take the position that privately-issued, mortgage-related securities do not represent interests in any particular industry or group of industries. The assets underlying such securities may be represented by a portfolio of first lien residential mortgages (including both whole mortgage loans and mortgage participation interests) or portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities issued or guaranteed by GNMA, FNMA or FHLMC. Mortgage loans underlying a mortgage-related security may in turn be insured or guaranteed by the Federal Housing Administration or the Department of Veterans Affairs. In the case of private issue mortgage-related securities whose underlying assets are neither U.S. Government securities nor U.S. Government-insured mortgages, to the extent that real properties securing such assets may be located in the same geographical region, the security may be subject to a greater risk of default than other comparable securities in the event of adverse economic, political or business developments that may affect such region and, ultimately, the ability of residential homeowners to make payments of principal and interest on the underlying mortgages.
It is possible that the availability and the marketability (that is, liquidity) of the securities discussed in this section could be adversely affected by the actions of the U.S. Government to tighten the availability of its credit. On September 7, 2008, the FHFA, an agency of the U.S. Government, placed FNMA and FHLMC into conservatorship, a statutory process with the objective of returning the entities to normal business operations. FHFA will act as the conservator to operate FNMA and FHLMC |
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until they are stabilized. The conservatorship is still in effect as of the date of this SAI and has no specified termination date. There can be no assurance as to when or how the conservatorship will be terminated or whether FNMA or FHLMC will continue to exist following the conservatorship or what their respective business structures will be during or following the conservatorship. FHFA, as conservator, has the power to repudiate any contract entered into by FNMA or FHLMC prior to its appointment if it determines that performance of the contract is burdensome and repudiation of the contract promotes the orderly administration of FNMAs or FHLMCs affairs. Furthermore, FHFA has the right to transfer or sell any asset or liability of FNMA or FHLMC without any approval, assignment or consent. If FHFA were to transfer any such guarantee obligation to another party, holders of FNMA or FHLMC mortgage-backed securities would have to rely on that party for satisfaction of the guarantee obligation and would be exposed to the credit risk of that party. |
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Other Asset-Backed Securities |
Through trusts and other special purpose entities, various types of securities based on financial assets other than mortgage loans are increasingly available, in both pass-through structures similar to mortgage pass-through securities described above and in other structures more like CMOs. As with mortgage-related securities, these asset-backed securities are often backed by a pool of financial assets representing the obligations of a number of different parties. They often include credit-enhancement features similar to mortgage-related securities.
Financial assets on which these securities are based include automobile receivables; credit card receivables; loans to finance boats, recreational vehicles, and mobile homes; computer, copier, railcar, and medical equipment leases; and trade, healthcare, and franchise receivables. In general, the obligations supporting these asset-backed securities are of shorter maturities than mortgage loans and are less likely to experience substantial prepayments. However, obligations such as credit card receivables are generally unsecured and the obligors are often entitled to protection under a number of state and federal consumer credit laws granting, among other things, rights to set off certain amounts owed on the credit cards, thus reducing the balance due. Other obligations that are secured, such as automobile receivables, may present issuers with difficulties in perfecting and executing on the security interests, particularly where the issuer allows the servicers of the receivables to retain possession of the underlying obligations, thus increasing the risk that recoveries on defaulted obligations may not be adequate to support payments on the securities. |
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Stripped Mortgage-backed Securities (SMBS) |
SMBS are derivative multi-class mortgage securities. They may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government, or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans. SMBS are usually structured with two classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving some of the interest and most of the principal from the mortgage assets, while the other class will receive most of the interest and the remainder of the |
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principal. In the most extreme case, one class will receive all of the interest (the interest-only or IO class), while the other class will receive all of the principal (the principal-only or PO class). The yield to maturity on an IO class security is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on a Funds yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in these securities even if the security is in one of the highest rating categories. The market value of the PO class generally is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates.
Although SMBS are purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers, these securities were only recently developed. As a result, established trading markets have not yet developed and, accordingly, these securities may be deemed illiquid and therefore subject to the Funds limitations on investment in illiquid securities. (See Illiquid and Restricted Securities in this section of the SAI.)
Each Fund may invest in other mortgage-related securities with features similar to those described above, to the extent consistent with the relevant Funds investment objectives and policies. |
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Options |
Each Fund may purchase or sell put and call options on securities, indices and other financial instruments. Options may relate to particular securities, foreign and domestic securities indices, financial instruments, foreign currencies or the yield differential between two securities. Such options may or may not be listed on a domestic or foreign securities exchange and may or may not be issued by the OCC.
A call option for a particular security gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and a writer the obligation to sell, the underlying security at the stated exercise price before the expiration of the option, regardless of the market price of the security. A premium is paid to the writer by the purchaser in consideration for undertaking the obligation under the option contract. A put option for a particular security gives the purchaser the right to sell and a writer the obligation to buy the security at the stated exercise price before the expiration date of the option, regardless of the market price of the security. |
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Options written by a Fund will be covered and will remain covered as long as the Fund is obligated as a writer. A call option is covered if the Fund owns the underlying security or its equivalent covered by the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or for additional cash consideration if such cash is segregated) upon conversion or exchange of other securities held in its portfolio. A call option is also covered if the Fund holds on a share-for-share or equal principal amount basis a call on the same security as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is equal to or less than the exercise price of the call |
Options written by the Low Volatility Fund will not be required to be covered as described herein, except to the extent required to comply with SEC Release No. IC-10666. |
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written or greater than the exercise price of the call written if appropriate liquid assets representing the difference are segregated by the Fund. A put option is covered if the Fund maintains appropriate liquid securities with a value equal to the exercise price, or owns on a share-for-share or equal principal amount basis a put on the same security as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written.
A Funds obligation to sell an instrument subject to a covered call option written by it, or to purchase an instrument subject to a secured put option written by it, may be terminated before the expiration of the option by the Funds execution of a closing purchase transaction. This means that a Fund buys on an exchange an option of the same series (i.e., same underlying instrument, exercise price and expiration date) as the option previously written. Such a purchase does not result in the ownership of an option. A closing purchase transaction will ordinarily be effected to realize a profit on an outstanding option, to prevent an underlying instrument from being called, to permit the sale of the underlying instrument or to permit the writing of a new option containing different terms on such underlying instrument. The cost of such a closing purchase plus related transaction costs may be greater than the premium received upon the original option, in which event the Fund will experience a loss. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option. A Fund that has written an option and is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction will not be able to sell the underlying instrument (in the case of a covered call option) or liquidate the segregated assets (in the case of a secured put option) until the option expires or the optioned instrument is delivered upon exercise. The Fund will be subject to the risk of market decline or appreciation in the instrument during such period.
To the extent required to comply with SEC Release No. IC-10666, when entering into an option transaction, a Fund will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily equal to the prescribed amount.
Options purchased are recorded as an asset and written options are recorded as liabilities to the extent of premiums paid or received. The amount of this asset or liability will be subsequently marked-to-market to reflect the current value of the option purchased or written. The current value of the traded option is the last sale price or, in the absence of a sale, the current bid price. If an option purchased by a Fund expires unexercised, the Fund will realize a loss equal to the premium paid. If a Fund enters into a closing sale transaction on an option purchased by it, the Fund will realize a gain if the premium received by the Fund on the closing transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, or a loss if it is less. If an option written by a Fund expires on the stipulated expiration date or if a Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction, it will realize a gain (or loss if the cost of a closing purchase transaction exceeds the net premium received when the option |
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is sold), and the liability related to such option will be eliminated. If an option written by a Fund is exercised, the proceeds of the sale will be increased by the net premium originally received and the Fund will realize a gain or loss.
Options trading is a highly specialized activity that entails greater than ordinary investment risk. Options may be more volatile than the underlying instruments and, therefore, on a percentage basis, an investment in options may be subject to greater fluctuation than an investment in the underlying instruments themselves. |
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There are several other risks associated with options. For example, there are significant differences among the securities, currency and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation among these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. In addition, a liquid secondary market for particular options, whether traded over-the-counter or on an exchange, may be absent for reasons that include the following: there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options or underlying securities or currencies; unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; the facilities of an exchange or the OCC may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading value; or one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options that had been issued by the OCC as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.
The staff of the SEC currently takes the position that options not traded on registered domestic securities exchanges and the assets used to cover the amount of the Funds obligation pursuant to such options are illiquid, and are therefore subject to each Funds limitation on investments in illiquid securities. However, for options written with primary dealers in U.S. Government securities pursuant to an agreement requiring a closing transaction at the formula price, the amount considered to be illiquid may be calculated by reference to a formula price. (See Illiquid and Restricted Securities in this section of the SAI.) |
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Options on Indexes and Yield Curve Options |
Each Fund may enter into options on indexes or options the spread, or yield differential, between two fixed income securities, in transactions referred to as yield curve options. Options on indexes and yield curve options provide the holder with the right to make or receive a cash settlement upon exercise of the option. With respect to options on indexes, the amount of the settlement will equal the difference between the closing price of the index at the time of exercise and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars, times a specified multiple. With respect to yield curve options, the amount of the settlement will equal the difference between the yields of designated securities. |
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With respect to yield curve options, a call or put option is covered if a Fund holds another call or put, respectively, on the spread between the same two securities and maintains in a segregated account liquid assets sufficient to cover the Funds net liability under the two options. Therefore, the Funds liability for such a covered option is generally limited to the difference between the amount of the Funds liability under the option it wrote less the value of the option it holds. A Fund may also cover yield curve options in such other manner as may be in accordance with the requirements of the counterparty with which the option is traded and applicable laws and regulations.
The trading of these types of options is subject to all of the risks associated with the trading of other types of options. In addition, however, yield curve options present risk of loss even if the yield of one of the underlying securities remains constant, if the spread moves in a direction or to an extent which was not anticipated. |
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Reset Options |
In certain instances, a Fund may purchase or write options on U.S. Treasury securities, which provide for periodic adjustment of the strike price and may also provide for the periodic adjustment of the premium during the term of each such option. Like other types of options, these transactions, which may be referred to as reset options or adjustable strike options grant the purchaser the right to purchase (in the case of a call) or sell (in the case of a put), a specified type of U.S. Treasury security at any time up to a stated expiration date (or, in certain instances, on such date). In contrast to other types of options, however, the price at which the underlying security may be purchased or sold under a reset option is determined at various intervals during the term of the option, and such price fluctuates from interval to interval based on changes in the market value of the underlying security. As a result, the strike price of a reset option, at the time of exercise, may be less advantageous than if the strike price had been fixed at the initiation of the option. In addition, the premium paid for the purchase of the option may be determined at the termination, rather than the initiation, of the option. If the premium for a reset option written by a Fund is paid at termination, the Fund assumes the risk that (i) the premium may be less than the premium which would otherwise have been received at the initiation of the option because of such factors as the volatility in yield of the underlying Treasury security over the term of the option and adjustments made to the strike price of the option, and (ii) the option purchaser may default on its obligation to pay the premium at the termination of the option. Conversely, where a Fund purchases a reset option, it could be required to pay a higher premium than would have been the case at the initiation of the option. |
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Swap Agreements |
Each Fund may enter into interest rate, index and currency exchange rate swap agreements in attempts to obtain a particular desired return at a lower cost to the Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an instrument that yielded that desired return. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or |
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differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or swapped between the parties are calculated with respect to a notional amount, i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency, or in a basket of securities representing a particular index. The notional amount of the swap agreement is only a fictive basis on which to calculate the obligations the parties to a swap agreement have agreed to exchange. A Funds obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the net amount). A Funds obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owing to the Fund) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by specifically designating on the accounting records of the Fund liquid assets to avoid leveraging of the Funds portfolio. |
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Because swap agreements are two-party contracts and may have terms of greater than seven days, they may be considered to be illiquid and therefore subject to the Funds limitations on investment in illiquid securities. (See Illiquid and Restricted Securities in this section of the SAI.) Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty. A Funds subadviser will cause the Fund to enter into swap agreements only with counterparties that would be eligible for consideration as repurchase agreement counterparties under the Funds repurchase agreement guidelines. (See Repurchase Agreements in this section of the SAI.) Certain restrictions imposed on the Funds by the Code may limit the Funds ability to use swap agreements. (See the Dividends, Distributions and Taxes section of this SAI.) The swaps market is a relatively new market and is largely unregulated. It is possible that developments in the swaps market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect a Funds ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
Certain swap agreements are exempt from most provisions of the CEA and, therefore, are not regulated as futures or commodity option transactions under the CEA, pursuant to regulations of the CFTC. To qualify for this exemption, a swap agreement must be entered into by eligible participants and must meet certain conditions (each pursuant to the CEA and regulations of the CFTC). However, recent CFTC rule amendments dictate that certain swap agreements be considered commodity interests for purposes of the CEA. (See Commodity Interests in this section of the SAI for additional information regarding the implications of investments being considered commodity interests under the CEA.)
Recently, the SEC and the CFTC have developed and finalized rules under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to create a new, comprehensive regulatory framework for swap transactions, and as of the date of this SAI |
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they are continuing to develop and finalize additional rules. Under the new regulations, certain swap transactions will be required to be executed on a regulated trading platform and cleared through a derivatives clearing organization. Additionally, the new regulations will impose other requirements on the parties entering into swap transactions, including requirements relating to posting margin, and reporting and documenting swap transactions. A Fund engaging in swap transactions may incur additional expenses as a result of these new regulatory requirements. The Adviser is continuing to monitor the finalization and implementation of the new regulations and to assess their impact on the Funds. |
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Credit Default Swap Agreements |
Each Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements. The buyer in a credit default contract is obligated to pay the seller a periodic, stream of payments over the term of the contract provided no event of default has occurred. In the event of default, the seller must pay the buyer the par value (full notional value) of the reference obligation in exchange for the reference obligation (typically emerging market debt). A Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If a Fund is a buyer and no event of default occurs, the Fund loses its investment and recovers nothing; however, if an event of default occurs, the Fund receives full notional value for a reference obligation that may have little or no value. As a seller, a Fund receives a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the contract, which typically is between six months and three years, provided there is no default event; if an event of default occurs, the Fund must pay the buyer the full notional value of the reference obligation. The value of the reference obligation received by the Fund as a seller, coupled with the periodic payments previously received, may be less than the full notional value the Fund pays to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value to the Fund. |
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Credit default swaps involve greater risks than if the fund had invested in the reference obligation directly. In addition to general market risks, credit default swaps are subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk and credit risks. A Fund will enter into swap agreements only with counterparties deemed creditworthy by the Funds subadviser. |
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Equity Securities |
The Funds may invest in equity securities. Equity securities include common stocks, preferred stocks and preference stocks; securities such as bonds, warrants or rights that are convertible into stocks; and depositary receipts for those securities.
Common stockholders are the owners of the company issuing the stock and, accordingly, usually have the right to vote on various corporate governance matters such as mergers. They are not creditors of the company, but rather, in the event of liquidation of the company, would be entitled to their pro rata shares of the companys assets after creditors (including fixed income security holders) and, if applicable, preferred stockholders are paid. Preferred stock is a class of stock having a preference over common stock as to dividends or upon liquidation. A preferred stockholder is a shareholder in the company and not a creditor of the company as is a holder of the companys fixed income securities. Dividends paid to common |
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and preferred stockholders are distributions of the earnings or other surplus of the company and not interest payments, which are expenses of the company. Equity securities owned by the Fund may be traded in the over-the-counter market or on a securities exchange and may not be traded every day or in the volume typical of securities traded on a major U.S. national securities exchange. As a result, disposition by the Fund of a portfolio security to meet redemptions by shareholders or otherwise may require the Fund to sell the security at less than the reported value of the security, to sell during periods when disposition is not desirable, or to make many small sales over a lengthy period of time. The market value of all securities, including equity securities, is based upon the markets perception of value and not necessarily the book value of an issuer or other objective measure of a companys worth.
Stock values may fluctuate in response to the activities of an individual company or in response to general market and/or economic conditions. Historically, common stocks have provided greater long-term returns and have entailed greater short- term risks than other types of securities. Smaller or newer issuers may be more likely to realize more substantial growth or suffer more significant losses. Investments in these companies can be both more volatile and more speculative. Fluctuations in the value of equity securities in which a Fund invests will cause the NAV of the Fund to fluctuate. |
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Securities of Small and Mid Capitalization Companies |
While small and medium-sized issuers in which a Fund invests will may offer greater opportunities for capital appreciation than larger market capitalization issuers, investments in such companies may involve greater risks and thus may be considered speculative. For example, smaller companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or they may be dependent on a limited management group. In addition, many small and mid-capitalization company stocks trade less frequently and in smaller volume, and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements, than stocks of larger companies. The securities of small and mid-capitalization companies may also be more sensitive to market changes than the securities of larger companies. When a Fund invests in small or mid-capitalization companies, these factors may result in above-average fluctuations in the NAV of the Funds shares. Therefore, a Fund investing in such securities should be considered as a long-term investment and not as a vehicle for seeking short-term profits. Similarly, an investment in a Fund investing in such securities should not be considered a complete investment program.
Market capitalizations of companies in which the Funds invest are determined at the time of purchase. |
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Unseasoned Companies |
As a matter of operating policy, each Fund may invest to a limited extent in securities of unseasoned companies and new issues. The Adviser regards a company as unseasoned when, for example, it is relatively new to, or not yet well established in, its primary line of business. Such companies generally are smaller and younger than companies whose shares are traded on the major stock exchanges. Accordingly, their shares are often traded over-the-counter and their share prices may be |
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more volatile than those of larger, exchange-listed companies. In order to avoid undue risks, the Fund will not invest more than 5% of its total assets in securities of any one company with a record of fewer than three years continuous operation (including that of predecessors). |
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Foreign Investing |
The Funds may invest in a broad range of securities of foreign issuers, including equity, debt and convertible securities and foreign government securities. The Funds may purchase the securities of issuers from various countries, including countries commonly referred to as emerging markets. The Funds may also invest in domestic securities denominated in foreign currencies. |
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Investing in the securities of foreign companies involves special risks and considerations not typically associated with investing in U.S. companies. These include differences in accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, generally higher commission rates on foreign portfolio transactions, the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, adverse changes in investment or exchange control regulations, political instability which could affect U.S. investments in foreign countries, and potential restrictions on the flow of international capital. Additionally, dividends payable on foreign securities may be subject to foreign taxes withheld prior to distribution. Foreign securities often trade with less frequency and volume than domestic securities and therefore may exhibit greater price volatility. Changes in foreign exchange rates will affect the value of those securities which are denominated or quoted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Many of the foreign securities held by a Fund will not be registered with, nor will the issuers thereof be subject to the reporting requirements of, the SEC. Accordingly, there may be less publicly available information about the securities and about the foreign company or government issuing them than is available about a domestic company or government entity. Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the United States economy in such respects as growth of Gross National Product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payment positions. Finally, the Funds may encounter difficulty in obtaining and enforcing judgments against issuers of foreign securities.
Securities of U.S. issuers denominated in foreign currencies may be less liquid and their prices more volatile than securities issued by domestic issuers and denominated in U.S. dollars. In addition, investing in securities denominated in foreign currencies often entails costs not associated with investment in U.S. dollar-denominated securities of U.S. issuers, such as the cost of converting foreign currency to U.S. dollars, higher brokerage commissions, custodial expenses and other fees. Non-U.S. dollar denominated securities may be subject to certain withholding and other taxes of the relevant jurisdiction, which may reduce the yield on the securities to the Funds and which may not be recoverable by the Funds or their investors. |
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The Trust may use a foreign custodian in connection with its purchases of foreign securities and may maintain cash and cash equivalents in the care of a foreign custodian. The amount of |
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cash or cash equivalents maintained in the care of eligible foreign custodians will be limited to an amount reasonably necessary to effect the Trusts foreign securities transactions. The use of a foreign custodian invokes considerations which are not ordinarily associated with domestic custodians. These considerations include the possibility of expropriations, restricted access to books and records of the foreign custodian, inability to recover assets that are lost while under the control of the foreign custodian, and the impact of political, social or diplomatic developments.
Settlement procedures relating to the Funds investments in foreign securities and to the Funds foreign currency exchange transactions may be more complex than settlements with respect to investments in debt or equity securities of U.S. issuers, and may involve certain risks not present in the Funds domestic investments. For example, settlement of transactions involving foreign securities or foreign currency may occur within a foreign country, and a Fund may be required to accept or make delivery of the underlying securities or currency in conformity with any applicable U.S. or foreign restrictions or regulations, and may be required to pay any fees, taxes or charges associated with such delivery. Such investments may also involve the risk that an entity involved in the settlement may not meet its obligations. Settlement procedures in many foreign countries are less established than those in the United States, and some foreign country settlement periods can be significantly longer than those in the United States. |
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Depositary Receipts |
Each Fund permitted to hold foreign securities may also hold ADRs, ADSs, GDRs and EDRs. ADRs and ADSs typically are issued by an American bank or trust company and evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. EDRs, which are sometimes referred to as CDRs, are issued in Europe typically by foreign banks and trust companies and evidence ownership of either foreign or domestic securities. GDRs are similar to EDRs and are designed for use in several international financial markets. Generally, ADRs and ADSs in registered form are designed for use in United States securities markets and EDRs in bearer form are designed for use in European securities markets. For purposes of a Series investment policies, its investments in ADRs, ADSs, GDRs and EDRs will be deemed to be investments in the underlying foreign securities.
Depositary Receipts may be issued pursuant to sponsored or unsponsored programs. In sponsored programs, an issuer has made arrangements to have its securities traded in the form of Depositary Receipts. In unsponsored programs, the issuer may not be directly involved in the creation of the program. Although regulatory requirements with respect to sponsored and unsponsored programs are generally similar, in some cases it may be easier to obtain financial information from an issuer that has participated in the creation of a sponsored program. Accordingly, there may be less information available regarding issuers of securities underlying unsponsored programs and there may not be a correlation between such information and the market value of the Depositary Receipts. For purposes of the |
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Funds investment policies, investments in Depositary Receipts will be deemed to be investments in the underlying securities. Thus, a Depositary Receipt representing ownership of common stock will be treated as common stock.
Depositary receipts are generally subject to the same sort of risks as direct investments in a foreign country, such as currency risk, political and economic risk, and market risk, because their values depend on the performance of a foreign security denominated in its home currency. (The risks of foreign investing are addressed above in this section of the SAI under the heading Foreign Investing.) In addition to risks associated with the underlying portfolio of securities, receipt holders also must consider credit standings of the custodians and broker/dealer sponsors. The receipts are not registered with the SEC and qualify as Rule 144A securities which may make them more difficult and costly to sell. (For information about Rule 144A securities, see Illiquid and Restricted Securities in this section of the SAI.) |
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Emerging Market Securities |
The Funds may invest in countries or regions with relatively low gross national product per capita compared to the worlds major economies, and in countries or regions with the potential for rapid economic growth (emerging markets). Emerging markets will include any country: (i) having an emerging stock market as defined by the International Finance Corporation; (ii) with low-to-middle-income economies according to the World Bank; (iii) listed in World Bank publications as developing; or (iv) determined by the adviser to be an emerging market as defined above.
Certain emerging market countries are either comparatively underdeveloped or are in the process of becoming developed and may consequently be economically dependent on a relatively few or closely interdependent industries. A high proportion of the securities of many emerging market issuers may also be held by a limited number of large investors trading significant blocks of securities. While a Funds subadviser will strive to be sensitive to publicized reversals of economic conditions, political unrest and adverse changes in trading status, unanticipated political and social developments may affect the values of the Funds investments in such countries and the availability of additional investments in such countries.
The risks of investing in foreign securities may be intensified in the case of investments in emerging markets. Securities of many issuers in emerging markets may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable domestic issuers. Emerging markets also have different clearance and settlement procedures, and in certain markets there have been times when settlements have been unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions. Delays in settlement could result in temporary periods when a portion of the assets of a Fund is uninvested and no return is earned thereon. The inability of a Fund to make intended security purchases due to settlement problems could cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities. Inability to dispose of portfolio securities due to settlement problems could result either in losses to the Fund due to |
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subsequent declines in value of portfolio securities or, if a Fund has entered into a contract to sell the security, in possible liability to the purchaser. Securities prices in emerging markets can be significantly more volatile than in the more developed nations of the world, reflecting the greater uncertainties of investing in less established markets and economies. In particular, countries with emerging markets may have relatively unstable governments, present the risk of nationalization of businesses, restrictions on foreign ownership, or prohibitions of repatriation of assets, and may have less protection of property rights than more developed countries.
Certain emerging markets may require governmental approval for the repatriation of investment income, capital or the proceeds of sales of securities by foreign investors. In addition, a country could impose temporary restrictions on foreign capital remittances, whether because deterioration occurs in an emerging markets balance of payments or for other reasons. The Funds could be adversely affected by delays in, or a refusal to grant, any required governmental approval for repatriation of capital, as well as by the application to the Funds of any restrictions on investments.
Investments in certain foreign emerging market debt obligations may be restricted or controlled to varying degrees. These restrictions or controls may at times preclude investment in certain foreign emerging market debt obligations and increase the expenses of the Funds. |
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Foreign Currency Transactions |
When investing in securities denominated in foreign currencies, the Funds will be subject to the additional risk of currency fluctuations. An adverse change in the value of a particular foreign currency as against the U.S. dollar, to the extent that such change is not offset by a gain in other foreign currencies, will result in a decrease in the Funds assets. Any such change may also have the effect of decreasing or limiting the income available for distribution. Foreign currencies may be affected by revaluation, adverse political and economic developments, and governmental restrictions. Although the Funds will invest only in securities denominated in foreign currencies that are fully convertible into U.S. dollars without legal restriction at the time of investment, no assurance can be given that currency exchange controls will not be imposed on any particular currency at a later date.
As a result of its investments in foreign securities, a Fund may receive interest or dividend payments, or the proceeds of the sale or redemption of such securities, in the foreign currencies in which such securities are denominated. In that event, the Fund may convert such currencies into dollars at the then current exchange rate. Under certain circumstances, however, such as where the Funds subadviser believes that the applicable rate is unfavorable at the time the currencies are received or the Funds subadviser anticipates, for any other reason, that the exchange rate will improve, the Fund may hold such currencies for an indefinite period of time. |
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In addition, a Fund may be required to receive delivery of the foreign currency underlying forward foreign currency contracts it has entered into. This could occur, for example, if an option written by the Fund is exercised or the Fund is unable to close out a forward contract. A Fund may hold foreign currency in anticipation of purchasing foreign securities.
A Fund may also elect to take delivery of the currencies underlying options or forward contracts if, in the judgment of the Funds subadviser, it is in the best interest of the Fund to do so. In such instances as well, the Fund may convert the foreign currencies to dollars at the then current exchange rate, or may hold such currencies for an indefinite period of time.
While the holding of currencies will permit a Fund to take advantage of favorable movements in the applicable exchange rate, it also exposes the Fund to risk of loss if such rates move in a direction adverse to the Funds position. Such losses could reduce any profits or increase any losses sustained by the Fund from the sale or redemption of securities, and could reduce the dollar value of interest or dividend payments received. In addition, the holding of currencies could adversely affect the Funds profit or loss on currency options or forward contracts, as well as its hedging strategies.
When a Fund effects foreign currency exchange transactions on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign exchange market, the Fund incurs expenses in converting assets from one currency to another. A Fund may also effect other types of foreign currency exchange transactions, which have their own risks and costs. For information about such transactions, please see Foreign Currency Forward Contracts, Futures and Options under Derivatives in this section of the SAI. |
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Foreign Investment Companies |
Some of the countries in which the Funds may invest, may not permit, or may place economic restrictions on, direct investment by outside investors. Investments in such countries may be permitted only through foreign government-approved or authorized investment vehicles, which may include other investment companies. These funds may also invest in other investment companies that invest in foreign securities. Investing through such vehicles may involve frequent or layered fees or expenses and may also be subject to limitation under the 1940 Act. As a shareholder of another investment company, the Fund would bear, along with other shareholders, its pro rata portion of the other investment companys expenses, including advisory fees. Those expenses would be in addition to the advisory and other expenses that the Fund bears directly in connection with its own operations. For additional information, see Mutual Fund Investing in this section of the SAI. |
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Privatizations |
The governments of some foreign countries have been engaged in programs of selling part or all of their stakes in government owned or controlled enterprises (privatizations). Privatizations may offer opportunities for significant capital appreciation. In certain foreign countries, the ability of foreign entities such as the Funds to participate in privatizations may be limited by local law, or the terms on which a Fund may be permitted to |
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participate may be less advantageous than those for local investors. There can be no assurance that foreign governments will continue to sell companies currently owned or controlled by them or that privatization programs will be successful. |
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Funding Agreements |
Each Fund may invest in funding agreements, which are insurance contracts between an investor and the issuing insurance company. For the issuer, they represent senior obligations under an insurance product. For the investor, and from a regulatory perspective, these agreements are treated as securities. These agreements, like other insurance products, are backed by claims on the general assets of the issuing entity and rank on the same priority level as other policy holder claims. Funding agreements typically are issued with a one-year final maturity and a variable interest rate, which may adjust weekly, monthly, or quarterly. Some agreements carry a seven-day put feature. A funding agreement without this feature is considered illiquid and will therefore be subject to the Funds limitations on investments in illiquid securities. (See Illiquid and Restricted Securities in this section of the SAI.) Funding agreements are regulated by the state insurance board of the state where they are executed. |
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Guaranteed Investment Contracts |
Each Fund may invest in GICs issued by U.S. and Canadian insurance companies. A GIC requires the investor to make cash contributions to a deposit fund of an insurance companys general account. The insurance company then makes payments to the investor based on negotiated, floating or fixed interest rates. A GIC is a general obligation of the issuing insurance company and not a separate account. The purchase price paid for a GIC becomes part of the general assets of the insurance company, and the contract is paid from the insurance companys general assets. Generally, a GIC is not assignable or transferable without the permission of the issuing insurance company, and an active secondary market in GICs does not currently exist. Therefore, these investments may be deemed to be illiquid, in which case they will be subject to the Funds limitations on investments in illiquid securities. (See Illiquid and Restricted Securities in this section of the SAI.) |
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Illiquid and Restricted Securities |
Each Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in securities that are considered illiquid. Historically, illiquid securities have included securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale because they have not been registered under the 1933 Act (restricted securities), securities that are otherwise not readily marketable, such as over-the-counter options, and repurchase agreements not entitling the holder to payment of principal in seven days. Such securities may offer higher yields than comparable publicly traded securities, and they also may incur higher risks.
Repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements and time deposits that do not provide for payment to the Fund within seven days after notice or which have a term greater than seven days are deemed illiquid securities for this purpose unless such securities are variable amount master demand notes with maturities of nine months or less or unless the Funds subadviser has determined that an adequate trading market exists for such securities or that market quotations are readily available. |
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The Funds may purchase Rule 144A securities sold to institutional investors without registration under the 1933 Act and commercial paper issued in reliance upon the exemption in Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act, for which an institutional market has developed. Institutional investors depend on an efficient institutional market in which the unregistered security can be readily resold or on the issuers ability to honor a demand for repayment of the unregistered security.
Although the securities described in this section generally will be considered illiquid, a securitys contractual or legal restrictions on resale to the general public or to certain institutions may not be indicative of the liquidity of the security and therefore these securities may be determined to be liquid in accordance with guidelines established by the Trusts Board of Trustees. The Trustees have delegated to each Funds subadviser the day-to-day determination of the liquidity of such securities in the respective Funds portfolio, although they have retained oversight and ultimate responsibility for such determinations. Although no definite quality criteria are used, the Trustees have directed the subadvisers to consider such factors as (i) the nature of the market for a security (including the institutional private resale markets); (ii) the terms of these securities or other instruments allowing for the disposition to a third party or the issuer thereof (e.g. certain repurchase obligations and demand instruments); (iii) and availability of market quotations; and (iv) other permissible factors. The Trustees monitor implementation of the guidelines on a periodic basis.
If illiquid securities exceed 15% of a Funds net assets after the time of purchase, the Fund will take steps to reduce in an orderly fashion its holdings of illiquid securities. Because illiquid securities may not be readily marketable, the relevant Funds subadviser may not be able to dispose of them in a timely manner. As a result, the Fund may be forced to hold illiquid securities while their price depreciates. Depreciation in the price of illiquid securities may cause the NAV of the Fund holding them to decline. A security that is determined by a Funds subadviser to be liquid may subsequently revert to being illiquid if not enough buyer interest exists.
Restricted securities ordinarily can be sold by the Fund in secondary market transactions to certain qualified investors pursuant to rules established by the SEC, in privately negotiated transactions to a limited number of purchasers or in a public offering made pursuant to an effective registration statement under the 1933 Act. When registration is required, the Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and a considerable time may elapse between the decision to sell and the sale date. If, during such period, adverse market conditions were to develop, the Fund might obtain a less favorable price than the price which prevailed when it decided to sell.
Restricted securities will be priced at fair value as determined in good faith by the Trustees or their delegate. |
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Leverage |
Each Fund may employ investment techniques that create leverage, either by using borrowed capital to increase the amount invested, or investing in instruments, including |
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derivatives, where the investment loss can exceed the original amount invested. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.
The SEC takes the position that transactions that have a leveraging effect on the capital structure of a mutual fund or are economically equivalent to borrowing can be viewed as constituting a form of borrowing by the fund for purposes of the 1940 Act. These transactions can include buying and selling certain derivatives (such as futures contracts); selling (or writing) put and call options; engaging in sale-buybacks; entering into firm-commitment and stand-by commitment agreements; engaging in when-issued, delayed-delivery, or forward-commitment transactions; and other similar trading practices (additional discussion about a number of these transactions can be found throughout this section of the SAI). As a result, when a Fund enters into such transactions the transactions may be subject to the same requirements and restrictions as borrowing. (See Borrowing below for additional information.)
The following are some of the Funds permitted investment techniques that are generally viewed as creating leverage for the Funds. |
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Borrowing |
A Funds ability to borrow money is limited by its investment policies and limitations, by the 1940 Act, and by applicable exemptions, no-action letters, interpretations, and other pronouncements issued from time to time by the SEC and its staff or any other regulatory authority with jurisdiction. Under the 1940 Act, a Fund is required to maintain continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for borrowings not in excess of 5% of the Funds total assets made for temporary or emergency purposes. Any borrowings for temporary purposes in excess of 5% of the Funds total assets must maintain continuous asset coverage. If the 300% asset coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or for other reasons, a Fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days (excluding Sundays and holidays) to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to sell securities at that time.
Borrowing will tend to exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of a Funds portfolio. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs that may or may not be recovered by earnings on the securities purchased. A Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with a borrowing or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate. |
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Mortgage Dollar-Roll Transactions |
Each Fund may enter into mortgage dollar-roll transactions pursuant to which it sells mortgage-backed securities for delivery in the future and simultaneously contracts to repurchase substantially similar securities on a specified future date. During the roll period, the Fund foregoes principal and interest paid on the mortgage-backed securities. |
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The Fund is compensated for the lost interest by the difference between the current sales price and the lower price for the future purchase (often referred to as the drop) as well as by the interest earned on, and gains from, the investment of the cash proceeds of the initial sale. The Fund may also be compensated by receipt of a commitment fee. If the income and capital gains from the Funds investment of the cash from the initial sale do not exceed the income, capital appreciation and gain or loss that would have been realized on the securities sold as part of the dollar roll, the use of this technique will diminish the investment performance of the Fund compared with what the performance would have been without the use of the dollar roll.
Dollar-roll transactions involve the risk that the market value of the securities the Fund is required to purchase may decline below the agreed upon repurchase price of those securities. If the broker/dealer to whom the Fund sells securities becomes insolvent, the Funds right to purchase or repurchase securities may be restricted. Successful use of dollar rolls may depend upon the Funds subadvisers ability to correctly predict interest rates and prepayments. There is no assurance that dollar rolls can be successfully employed. |
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Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
Reverse repurchase agreements are transactions in which the Fund sells a security and simultaneously commits to repurchase that security from the buyer, such as a bank or broker-dealer, at an agreed upon price on an agreed upon future date. The resale price in a reverse repurchase agreement reflects a market rate of interest that is not related to the coupon rate or maturity of the sold security. For certain demand agreements, there is no agreed upon repurchase date and interest payments are calculated daily, often based upon the prevailing overnight repurchase rate.
Generally, a reverse repurchase agreement enables the Fund to recover for the term of the reverse repurchase agreement all or most of the cash invested in the portfolio securities sold and to keep the interest income associated with those portfolio securities. Such transactions are only advantageous if the interest cost to the Fund of the reverse repurchase transaction is less than the cost of obtaining the cash otherwise. In addition, interest costs on the money received in a reverse repurchase agreement may exceed the return received on the investments made by the Fund with those monies. Using reverse repurchase agreements to earn additional income involves the risk that the interest earned on the invested proceeds is less than the expense of the reverse repurchase agreement transaction.
While a reverse repurchase agreement is outstanding, the Fund will maintain cash and appropriate liquid assets in a segregated custodial account to cover its obligation under the agreement. A Fund will enter into reverse repurchase agreements only with parties that the Funds subadviser deems creditworthy. |
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Money Market Instruments |
Each Fund may invest in money market instruments, which are high-quality short-term investments. The types of money market instruments most commonly acquired by the Funds are discussed below, although each Fund is also permitted to invest in other types of money market instruments to the extent consistent with the Funds investment limitations and restrictions. |
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Bankers Acceptances |
A bankers acceptance is a time draft drawn on a commercial bank by a borrower usually in connection with an international commercial transaction (to finance the import, export, transfer or storage of goods). The borrower, as well as the bank, is liable for payment, and the bank unconditionally guarantees to pay the draft at its face amount on the maturity date. Most acceptances have maturities of six months or less and are traded in secondary markets prior to maturity. |
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Certificates of Deposit |
Certificates of deposit are generally short-term, interest-bearing negotiable certificates issued by banks or savings and loan associations against funds deposited in the issuing institution. They generally may be withdrawn on demand but may be subject to early withdrawal penalties which could reduce the Funds yield. Deposits subject to early withdrawal penalties or that mature in more than seven days are treated as illiquid securities if there is no readily available market for the securities. |
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Commercial Paper |
Commercial paper refers to short-term, unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations to finance short-term credit needs. Commercial paper is usually sold on a discount basis and has a maturity at the time of issuance not exceeding nine months. |
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Obligations of Foreign Banks and Foreign Branches of U.S. Banks |
The money market instruments in which the Funds may invest include negotiable certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and time deposits of foreign branches of U.S. banks, foreign banks and their non-U.S. branches (Eurodollars), U.S. branches and agencies of foreign banks (Yankee dollars), and wholly-owned banking-related subsidiaries of foreign banks. For the purposes of each Funds investment policies with respect to money market instruments, obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks and of foreign banks are obligations of the issuing bank and may be general obligations of the parent bank. Such obligations, however, may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by government regulation. As with investment in non-U.S. securities in general, investments in the obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks and of foreign banks may subject a Fund to investment risks that are different in some respects from those of investments in obligations of domestic issuers. |
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Time Deposits |
Time deposits are deposits in a bank or other financial institution for a specified period of time at a fixed interest rate for which a negotiable certificate is not received. |
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U.S. Government Obligations |
Securities issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States Government include a variety of Treasury securities, which differ only in their interest rates, maturities, and times of issuance. Treasury bills have maturities of one year or less. Treasury notes have maturities of one to ten years, and Treasury bonds generally have maturities of greater than ten years.
Agencies of the United States Government which issue or guarantee obligations include, among others, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Farmers Home Administration, Federal Housing Administration, GNMA, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration and The Tennessee Valley Authority. Obligations of instrumentalities of the United States Government include securities issued or guaranteed by, among others, FNMA, Federal Home Loan |
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with respect to investments in money market funds or investments made pursuant to an exemptive order granted by the SEC. Many ETFs have obtained exemptive relief from the SEC to permit unaffiliated funds to invest in the ETFs shares beyond the statutory limitations discussed above, subject to certain conditions. The Series may rely on these exemptive orders to invest in unaffiliated ETFs. In addition to this, the Trust has obtained exemptive relief permitting the Series to exceed the limitations with respect to investments in affiliated and unaffiliated funds that are not themselves funds of funds, subject to certain conditions.
The risks associated with investing in other investment companies generally reflect the risks of owning shares of the underlying securities in which those investment companies invest, although lack of liquidity in an investment company could result in its value being more volatile than the underlying portfolio of securities. For purposes of complying with investment policies requiring a Fund to invest a percentage of its assets in a certain type of investments (e.g., stocks of small capitalization companies), the Fund generally will look through an investment company in which it invests, to categorize the investment company in accordance with the types of investments the investment company holds.
Certain investment companies in which the Funds may invest may be considered commodity pools under the CEA and applicable CFTC regulations. If a Fund invests in such an investment company, the Fund will be required to treat some or all of its holding of the investment companys shares as a commodity interest for the purposes of determining whether the Fund is qualified to claim exclusion or exemption from regulation by the CFTC. (See Commodity Interests in this section of the SAI for additional information regarding the implications to the Funds of investing in commodity interests.)
Investors in each Fund should recognize that when a Fund invests in another investment company, the Fund will bear its pro rata portion of the other investment companys expenses, including advisory fees, in addition to the expenses the Fund bears directly in connection with its own operations. |
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Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) |
Each Fund may invest in REITs. REITs pool investors funds for investment primarily in income producing commercial real estate or real estate related loans. A REIT is not taxed on income distributed to shareholders if it complies with several requirements relating to its organization, ownership, assets, and income and a requirement that it distribute to its shareholders at least 90% of its taxable income (other than net capital gains) for each taxable year.
REITs can generally be classified as follows:
Equity REITs, which invest the majority of their assets directly in real property and derive their income primarily from rents. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value.
Mortgage REITs, which invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive their income primarily from interest payments. |
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Repurchase agreements will be entered into with commercial banks, brokers and dealers considered by the relevant Funds subadviser to be creditworthy. However, the use of repurchase agreements involves certain risks such as default by, or insolvency of, the other party to the transaction. The Fund also might incur disposition costs in connection with liquidating the underlying securities or enforcing its rights.
Typically, repurchase agreements are in effect for one week or less, but they may be in effect for longer periods of time. |
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Securities Lending |
Subject to certain investment restrictions, each Fund may, subject to the Trustees and Trust Treasurers approval, lend securities from its portfolio to brokers, dealers and financial institutions deemed creditworthy and receive, as collateral, cash or cash equivalents which at all times while the loan is outstanding will be maintained in amounts equal to at least 100% of the current market value of the loaned securities. Any cash collateral will be invested in short-term securities that will increase the current income of the Fund lending its securities. A Fund will have the right to regain record ownership of loaned securities to exercise beneficial rights such as voting rights and subscription rights. While a securities loan is outstanding, the Fund is to receive an amount equal to any dividends, interest or other distributions with respect to the loaned securities. A Fund may pay reasonable fees to persons unaffiliated with the Trust for services in arranging such loans.
Even though securities lending usually does not impose market risks on the lending Fund, as with any extension of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery of the loaned securities and in some cases loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially. In addition, the value of the collateral taken as security for the securities loaned may decline in value or may be difficult to convert to cash in the event that a Fund must rely on the collateral to recover the value of the securities. Moreover, if the borrower of the securities is insolvent, under current bankruptcy law, the Fund could be ordered by a court not to liquidate the collateral for an indeterminate period of time. If the borrower is the subject of insolvency proceedings and the collateral held might not be liquidated, the result could be a material adverse impact on the liquidity of the lending Fund. |
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No Fund will lend securities having a value in excess of 33 1/3% of its assets, including collateral received for loaned securities (valued at the time of any loan). |
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Short Sales |
Each Fund may sell securities short as part of its overall portfolio management strategies involving the use of derivative instruments and to offset potential declines in long positions in similar securities. A short sale is a transaction in which a Fund sells a security it does not own or have the right to acquire, or that it owns but does not wish to deliver, in anticipation that the market price of that security will decline. A short sale is against the box to the extent the Fund contemporaneously owns, or has the right to obtain at no added cost, securities identical to those sold short. All other short sales are commonly referred to as naked short sales.
When a Fund makes a short sale, the broker-dealer through which the short sale is made must borrow the security sold short and deliver it to the party purchasing the security. The Fund is required to make a margin deposit in connection with such short sales; the Fund may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities and will often be obligated to pay over any dividends and accrued interest on borrowed securities. If the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time the Fund covers its short position, the Fund will incur a loss; conversely, if the price declines, the Fund will realize a capital gain. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss increased, by the transaction costs described above. The successful use of short selling may be adversely affected by imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the security sold short and the securities being hedged.
If a Fund sells securities short against the box, it may protect unrealized gains, but will lose the opportunity to profit on such securities if the price rises. If a Fund engages in naked short sales, the Funds risk of loss could be as much as the maximum attainable price of the security (which could be limitless) less the price paid by the Fund for the security at the time it was borrowed. |
The Foreign Opportunities Fund may engage in short sales against the box without limitation. However, if this Fund engages in naked short sales transactions, the total market value of all of its naked short sale positions will not exceed 8% of its assets. (Transactions in futures, options, swaps and forward contracts are not deemed to constitute selling securities short.) | ||
Special Situations |
Each Fund may invest in special situations that the Funds subadviser believes present opportunities for capital growth. Such situations most typically include corporate restructurings, mergers, and tender offers.
A special situation arises when, in the opinion of the Funds subadviser, the securities of a particular company will, within a reasonably estimable period of time, be accorded market recognition at an appreciated value solely by reason of a development particularly or uniquely applicable to that company and regardless of general business conditions or movements of the market as a whole. Developments creating special situations might include, among others, the following: liquidations, reorganizations, recapitalizations, mergers, or tender offers; material litigation or resolution thereof; technological breakthroughs; and new management or management policies. Although large and well-known companies may be involved, special situations often involve much greater risk than is inherent in ordinary investment securities. |
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Temporary Investments |
When business or financial conditions warrant, each Fund may assume a temporary defensive position by investing in money-market instruments, including obligations of the U.S. Government and its agencies and instrumentalities, obligations of foreign sovereigns, other debt securities, commercial paper including bank obligations, certificates of deposit (including Eurodollar certificates of deposit) and repurchase agreements. (See Money Market Instruments in this section of the SAI for more information about these types of investments.)
For temporary defensive purposes, during periods in which a Funds subadviser believes adverse changes in economic, financial or political conditions make it advisable, the Fund may reduce its holdings in equity and other securities and may invest up to 100% of its assets in certain short-term (less than twelve months to maturity) and medium-term (not greater than five years to maturity) debt securities and in cash (U.S. dollars, foreign currencies, or multicurrency units). The short-term and medium-term debt securities in which a Fund may invest for temporary defensive purposes will be those that the Funds subadviser believes to be of high quality (i.e., subject to relatively low risk of loss of interest or principal). If rated, these securities will be rated in one of the three highest rating categories by rating services such as Moodys or S&P (i.e., rated at least A). |
The AlphaSector SM Funds generally do not expect to assume temporary defensive positions, as their investment strategies under normal circumstances are designed to be appropriate for short-term negative business or financial conditions. | ||
Warrants or Rights to Purchase Securities |
Each Fund may invest in or acquire warrants or rights to purchase equity or fixed income securities at a specified price during a specific period of time. A Fund will make such investments only if the underlying securities are deemed appropriate by the Funds subadviser for inclusion in the Funds portfolio. Included are warrants and rights whose underlying securities are not traded on principal domestic or foreign exchanges. Warrants and stock rights are almost identical to call options in their nature, use and effect except that they are issued by the issuer of the underlying security, rather than an option writer, and they generally have longer expiration dates than call options. (See Options in this section of the SAI for information about call options.)
Bonds with warrants attached to purchase equity securities have many characteristics of convertible bonds and their prices may, to some degree, reflect the performance of the underlying stock. However, unlike convertible securities and preferred stocks, warrants do not pay a fixed dividend. Bonds also may be issued with warrants attached to purchase additional fixed income securities at the same coupon rate. A decline in interest rates would permit a Fund holding such warrants to buy additional bonds at the favorable rate or to sell the warrants at a profit. If interest rates rise, the warrants would generally expire with no value.
A Fund may purchase put warrants and call warrants whose values vary depending on the change in the value of one or more specified securities indices (index warrants). Index warrants are generally issued by banks or other financial institutions and give the holder the right, at any time during the term of the warrant, to receive upon exercise of the warrant a |
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cash payment from the issuer based on the value of the underlying index at the time of exercise. In general, if the value of the underlying index rises above the exercise price of the index warrant, the holder of a call warrant will be entitled to receive a cash payment from the issuer upon exercise based on the difference between the value of the index and the exercise price of the warrant; if the value of the underlying index falls, the holder of a put warrant will be entitled to receive a cash payment from the issuer upon exercise based on the difference between the exercise price of the warrant and the value of the index. The holder of a warrant would not be entitled to any payments from the issuer at any time when, in the case of a call warrant, the exercise price is greater than the value of the underlying index or, in the case of a put warrant, the exercise price is less than the value of the underlying index. If a Fund were not to exercise an index warrant prior to its expiration, then the Fund would lose the amount of the purchase price paid by it for the warrant.
A Fund will normally use index warrants in a manner similar to its use of options on securities indices. The risks of the Funds use of index warrants are generally similar to those relating to its use of index options. (See Options in this section of the SAI for information about index options.) Unlike most index options, however, index warrants are issued in limited amounts and are not obligations of a regulated clearing agency, but are backed only by the credit of the bank or other institution which issues the warrant. Also, index warrants generally have longer terms than index options. Although a Fund will normally invest only in exchange-listed warrants, index warrants are not likely to be as liquid as certain index options backed by a recognized clearing agency. In addition, the terms of index warrants may limit a Funds ability to exercise the warrants at such time, or in such quantities, as the Fund would otherwise wish to do. |
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When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Transactions |
Each Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis. These transactions are also known as delayed delivery transactions. (The phrase delayed delivery is not intended to include purchases where a delay in delivery involves only a brief period required by the selling party solely to locate appropriate certificates and prepare them for submission for clearance and settlement in the customary way.) Delayed delivery transactions involve a commitment by the Fund to purchase or sell securities at a future date (ordinarily up to 90 days later). The price of the underlying securities (usually expressed in terms of yield) and the date when the securities will be delivered and paid for (the settlement date) are fixed at the time the transaction is negotiated. When-issued purchases and forward commitments are negotiated directly with the selling party.
When-issued purchases and forward commitments enable the Fund to lock in what is believed to be an attractive price or yield on a particular security for a period of time, regardless of future changes in interest rates. For example, in periods of rising interest rates and falling bond prices, the Fund might sell debt securities it owns on a forward commitment basis to limit its exposure to falling prices. In periods of falling interest rates and rising prices, the Fund might sell securities it owns and purchase |
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the same or similar securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis, thereby obtaining the benefit of currently higher yields. The Fund will not enter into such transactions for the purpose of leverage.
The value of securities purchased on a when-issued or forward commitment basis and any subsequent fluctuations in their value will be reflected in the Funds NAV starting on the first business day after the date of the agreement to purchase the securities. The Fund will be subject to the rights and risks of ownership of the securities on the agreement date. However, the Fund will not earn interest on securities it has committed to purchase until they are paid for and received. A sellers failure to deliver securities to the Fund could prevent the Fund from realizing a price or yield considered to be advantageous and could cause the Fund to incur expenses associated with unwinding the transaction.
When a Fund makes a forward commitment to sell securities it owns, the proceeds to be received upon settlement will be included in the Funds assets. Fluctuations in the market value of the underlying securities will not be reflected in the Funds NAV as long as the commitment to sell remains in effect. Settlement of when-issued purchases and forward commitment transactions generally takes place up to 90 days after the date of the transaction, but the Fund may agree to a longer settlement period.
The Funds will make commitments to purchase securities on a when-issued basis or to purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment basis only with the intention of completing the transaction and actually purchasing or selling the securities. If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, however, a Fund may dispose of or renegotiate a commitment after it is entered into. A Fund also may sell securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to the Fund on the settlement date. The Fund may realize a capital gain or loss in connection with these transactions.
When a Fund purchases securities on a when-issued or forward-commitment basis, the Fund will specifically designate on its accounting records securities having a value (determined daily) at least equal to the amount of the Funds purchase commitments. These procedures are designed to ensure that each Fund will maintain sufficient assets at all times to cover its obligations under when-issued purchases and forward commitments. |
CA TAX-EXEMPT BOND FUND ONLY
Special California Risk Factors
The California Constitution and various state statutes that limit the taxing and spending authority of the state of California (the State) government entities may impair the ability of State issuers to maintain debt service on their obligations, as described more fully below. The following information as to certain State risk factors is provided to investors in view of the policy of the Fund to concentrate its investments in State and municipal issues. Such information constitutes only a brief discussion, does not purport to be a complete description and is based on information from sources believed by the Fund to be reliable, including official statements relating to securities offerings of State and municipal issuers and periodic publications by national rating organizations. Such information, however, has not been independently verified by the Fund.
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Certain of the States municipal securities in which the Fund may invest may be obligations of issuers that rely in whole or in part on State revenues for payment of these obligations. Property tax revenues and a portion of the States General Fund surplus are distributed to counties, cities and their various taxing entities and the State assumes certain obligations previously paid out of local funds. Whether and to what extent a portion of the States General Fund will be distributed in the future to counties, cities and various entities is unclear.
Certain legislation enacted in the State over many years could significantly limit State agencies, local governments and districts ability to collect sufficient funds to meet debt service on bonds and other obligations. Article XIIIA of the California Constitution, as amended, places restrictions and limits on California taxing entities in their ability to increase real property taxes. Article XIIIB of the California Constitution, added by Proposition 4, imposes on State and municipal entities an annual appropriations limit with respect to certain expenditures and requires the allocation of excess revenues to State education funds. Annual appropriations limits are adjusted annually to reflect changes in consumer prices, population, and certain services provided by these entities. The California Constitution, through amendments made by Propositions 98 and 111, also requires minimum levels of funding for public school and community college districts. Articles XIIIC and XIIID of the California Constitution provide for limitations on the ability of local government agencies to impose or raise various taxes, fees, charges, and assessments without voter approval. Certain general taxes imposed after January 1, 1995 by local government must be approved by voters in order to remain in effect, and local voters may have the right to present initiatives to reduce taxes, fees, assessments, or charges imposed by the local government.
In March 2004, State voters approved two ballot measures, collectively known as the Economic Recovery Bond Measures, Propositions 57 and 58. The Balanced Budget Act was implemented as a result of these measures. The Balanced Budget Act includes a provision for a Rainy Day fund requiring that beginning in fiscal 2006-07, depending on the strength of the economy, from 1% to 3% of annual General Fund revenues must be set aside in a reserve fund, the Budget Stabilization Account (BSA). Additionally, the Balanced Budget Act mandates that projected expenditures cannot exceed projected revenues.
In November 2010, State voters approved two more ballot measures, Propositions 25 and 26. Proposition 25 amends the State Constitution to change the legislative vote requirement necessary to pass the State budget and spending bills related to the budget from two-thirds to a simple majority, while preserving the two-thirds requirement for changes in tax rates. Proposition 26 amends the State Constitution to require a two-thirds supermajority vote in the California State Legislature to pass many fees, levies, charges and tax revenue allocations that under the states previous rules could be enacted by a simple majority vote.
In November 2012, State voters approved Proposition 30 increasing sales and income taxes. The States sales tax increased to 7.5% from 7.25% for a period of four years, and State income taxes increased for a period of seven years on taxpayers earning more than $250,000 per year by amounts ranging from 1% on taxpayers earning over $250,000 but less than $300,000 per year to 3% on taxpayers earning more than $1 million per year. The increase was retroactive to January 1, 2012. Estimates of the additional revenue to be generated from the tax increases vary from Jerry Browns $9 billion estimate to the $6.8 billion estimated by the non-partisan Legislative Analysts Office (LAO). Smaller amounts of revenue are expected from Proposition 39, which requires multi-state business to pay State income taxes based on sales in the State and eliminating other alternative formulas for calculating California income taxes. The LAO estimates Proposition 39 will generate $1 billion in additional revenue annually growing over time.
Certain State municipal securities that the Fund may own may be secured in whole or in part by mortgages or real property deeds of trust, and the rights of the Fund to obtain payment from such security may be constrained by State laws addressing non-judicial foreclosure rights and transfers of title by sale by private owner, antideficiency provisions, and limits on the ability to receive pre-payment charges on mortgage loans. These types of State statutes, among other limits imposed by State law, could affect the flow of revenues to an issuer for debt service on outstanding debt obligations.
Finally, litigation may play a role in the future of the States economy, as it is a party to numerous legal proceedings, many of which normally recur in governmental operations. In addition, the State is involved in certain other legal proceedings which, if decided against the State, may require the State to make significant future expenditures or may impair future revenue sources.
California Economic History and Outlook
Californias economy appears to be recovering slowly following more than six years of shocks that have taken a significant toll on the economya deepening housing slump, a breakdown in mortgage markets, tight credit conditions, volatile financial markets and volatile energy prices. The worldwide recession and the rapid decline in
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employment in California from its peak in July 2007 combined with the other economic conditions mentioned above to adversely affect the principal sources of revenues for the California General Fund. General Fund revenues have been soft, generally coming in below the levels anticipated in the budgets resulting in annual budget deficits averaging $20 billion and causing desperate last minute measures and budget trickery to close the gap as each fiscal year ended. The 2011-2012 budget made progress in stabilizing Californias finances by cutting spending and shifting other expenditures from the State to local governments. Going into the 2011-2012 budget process the State had to close an immediate budget gap of $26.6 billion; going into the 2012-2013 budget process the projected budget gap was $9.2 billion. Going into the 2013-2014 budget process, the Governors office estimates a General Fund operating surplus of $2.4 million from 2012-2013 slightly exceeding the $2.2 billion deficit at the end of the prior year. Nevertheless, the State continues to face daunting challenges of dealing with over $33 billion of budgetary borrowing and deferred funding obligations accumulated over the past decade and massive unfunded pension and retiree healthcare obligations for former and present government employees. The 2013-2014 budget forecasts modest growth and takes a cautious approach to mitigate the risks of reductions in federal expenditures and an uncertain economy. The State still faces serious challenges from debts, deferrals and accumulated budgetary obligations over the past 7 years and massive unfunded retirement liabilities for State employees that have not been addressed.
The 2012-2013 Budget
Governor Browns proposed budget for 2012-13, submitted on January 3, 2012, anticipated a $9.2 billion gap between revenues and projected State expenditures, which he proposed to close with $10.3 billion of expenditure cuts and revenue increases and a $1.1 billion reserve. The 2012-2013 budget also called for a ballot initiative to increase personal income taxes on the States wealthiest taxpayers and increase sales taxes by one-quarter percent. The Budget provided for $5.4 billion of trigger cuts to various education and public safety expenditures that would go into effect on January 1, 2013 if the proposition did not pass.
The Budget as enacted in June 2012 closed a projected budget gap of $15.1 billion by cutting 8 billion of government spending and relying on the passage of the income tax and sales tax increases in Proposition 30. While increasing K-12 spending by $6.7 billion over the prior year, the budget cut other spending across the board, including government employee compensation, Medi-Cal funding for in-home health services, welfare reforms and state prison systems.
The Proposed 2013-2014 Budget
Governor Browns proposed budget for 2013-14, proposes an increase in general fund spending of 5% from $93 million to $97.7 billion including to additional money for K-12 schools and higher education while restraining growth in most other programs. The Governor has proposed a substantial expansion of Medi-Cal as required by feral health care reform, but anticipates that the estimated $350 million of expenditures will be funded by the federal government.
Bond Ratings
As of January 2012, California still had the lowest general obligation bond ratings of any state in the country, although after the 2011-2012 Budget passed, Standard and Poors changed the States credit outlook to stable from negative. Californias general obligation bond ratings are: Standard and Poors, A-; Fitch, A-; and Moodys A1. On January 17, 2012, Moodys downgraded California Redevelopment Authority bonds rated above Baa2 by one notch to address concerns about payments as redevelopment authorities are phased out, pursuant to legislation passed in connection with the 2011-2012 Budget. In February 2012, S&P revised its outlook for the State to positive from stable.
Puerto Rico
Puerto Ricos business cycles have generally tracked those of the United States as a whole, although with somewhat greater volatility. Private sector employment growth in Puerto Rico fell sharply in each of the last four recessions, and bottomed out roughly at the end of the downturn on the mainland.
Gross national product (GNP) has been subdued in recent years. Some commentators have said that Puerto Rico entered a recession beginning in early 2006 and weak economic conditions resulted in a continued decline into 2009, in line with the results in the United States as a whole. GNP plummeted by 5.5% in fiscal year 2009 (running July 2008 to June 2009) as Puerto Rico suffered its worst contraction on record. The Economic Activity Index published by the Government Development Bank for Puerto Rico has shown a modest but consistent monthly year over year increase since December 2011.
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Unemployment increased steadily from 13.8% in January 2009, rising to 16.6% in April 2010, but has been generally on the decline since February 2011 and was at 13.8% in October 2012, although the total labor force has not increased much since November 2011.
Since taking office in 2009, Governor Luis Fortuño, had implemented austerity policies, including deep cuts to government bureaucracy, tax reductions, a mounted challenge to unionism and control of government growth. His most recent budget for fiscal year 2012-13 called for more austerity, a $9.082 billion general fund budget proposal for fiscal 2013, representing a 2 percent reduction from the $9.260 billion budget in effect through June 30, 2012 and a 17% drop compared to the last budget of the prior administration. Mr. Fortuño lost the election in November 2012, in part because of the financial austerity imposed by his administration.
While praising the fiscal discipline reflected in Governor Fortuños budgets, in June 2012, S&P revised its outlook on Puerto Ricos general obligation bonds to negative from stable, citing concern about unfunded pension obligations. S&P currently rates Puerto Ricos general obligation bonds BBB (two steps above junk status). On December 13, 2012, Moodys Investors Service slashed Puerto Ricos credit rating by two notches to Baa3, one step above the non-investment grade, with a negative outlook. Moodys also cited concern about unfunded pension obligations and the uncertainty over policies of the new administration.
Fundamental Investment Limitations
Each Fund is subject to the investment limitations enumerated in this section, which may be changed with respect to a particular Fund only by a vote of the holders of a majority of such Funds outstanding shares. As used in this SAI and in the Prospectuses, a majority of the outstanding shares of a Fund means the lesser of (a) 67% of the shares of the particular Fund represented at a meeting at which the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of such Fund are present in person or by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of such Fund.
With respect to all of the Funds, except as noted, each Fund may not:
(1) |
With respect to 75% of its total assets, purchase securities of an issuer (other than the U.S. Government, its agencies, instrumentalities or authorities or repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. Government securities and other investment companies), if: (a) such purchase would, at the time, cause more than 5% of the Funds total assets taken at market value to be invested in the securities of such issuer; or (b) such purchase would, at the time, result in more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer being held by the Fund. (This restriction does not apply to the Alternatives Diversifier Fund, EM Debt Fund, Global Commodities Fund, Global Real Estate Fund, International Real Estate Fund and Real Estate Fund.) |
(2) |
Purchase securities if, after giving effect to the purchase, more than 25% of its total assets would be invested in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry (excluding the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities), except: (a) the Global Dividend Fund will concentrate its assets in the public infrastructure industry which includes, but is not limited to, companies engaged in the production, transmission or distribution of electric energy or gas, or in telephone services; (b) the Global Commodities Fund will concentrate its assets in the commodities-related group of industries of base metals, precious metals, energy and agriculture; (c) the Global Real Estate Fund, International Real Estate Fund and Real Estate Fund will each concentrate its assets in the real estate industry; and (d) in the event that any Disciplined Fund invests directly in baskets of securities to track one or more indexes (rather than investing in index-based ETFs), such Disciplined Fund will concentrate its assets to the extent that the underlying indexes (taken in aggregate) concentrate their assets in a particular industry or group of industries. Additionally, this prohibition shall not apply to the purchase of investment company shares by any of the Fund of Funds. |
(3) |
Borrow money, except (i) in amounts not to exceed one-third of the value of the Funds total assets (including the amount borrowed) from banks, and (ii) up to an additional 5% of its total assets from banks or other lenders for temporary purposes. For purposes of this restriction, (a) investment techniques such as margin purchases, short sales, forward commitments, and roll transactions, (b) investments in instruments such as futures contracts, swaps, and options and (c) short-term credits extended in connection with trade clearance and settlement, shall not constitute borrowing. |
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(4) |
Issue senior securities in contravention of the 1940 Act. Activities permitted by Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) exemptive orders or staff interpretations shall not be deemed to be prohibited by this restriction. |
(5) |
Underwrite the securities issued by other persons, except to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities, the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter under applicable law. |
(6) |
Purchase or sell real estate, except that the Fund may (i) acquire or lease office space for its own use, (ii) invest in securities of issuers that invest in real estate or interests therein, (iii) invest in mortgage-related securities and other securities that are secured by real estate or interests therein, (iv) hold and sell real estate acquired by the Fund as a result of the ownership of securities. |
(7) |
Purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts, except the Fund may purchase and sell derivatives (including, but not limited to, options, futures contracts and options on futures contracts) whose value is tied to the value of a financial index or a financial instrument or other asset (including, but not limited to, securities indexes, interest rates, securities, currencies and physical commodities). |
(8a) |
Make loans, except that the Fund may (i) lend portfolio securities, (ii) enter into repurchase agreements, (iii) purchase all or a portion of an issue of debt securities, bank loan participation interests, bank certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances, debentures or other securities, whether or not the purchase is made upon the original issuance of the securities and (iv) participate in an interfund lending program with other registered investment companies. (This restriction applies to the AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund, Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund, Foreign Opportunities Fund, Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund and Real Estate Fund.) |
(8b) |
Lend securities or make any other loans if, as a result, more than 33 1 / 3 % of its total assets would be lent to other parties, except that the Fund may purchase debt securities, may enter into repurchase agreements, may lend portfolio securities and may acquire loans, loan participations and assignments (both funded and unfunded) and other forms of debt instruments. (This restriction applies to the Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, Alternatives Diversifier Fund, Bond Fund, CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund, Disciplined Bond Fund, Disciplined Country Fund, Disciplined Equity Fund, EM Debt Fund EM Equity Income Fund, Global Commodities Fund, Global Dividend Fund, Global Opportunities Fund Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, Global Real Estate Fund, Greater Asia Fund, Greater European Fund, Herzfeld Fund, High Yield Fund, International Equity Fund, International Real Estate Fund, International Small-Cap Fund, Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund, Low Volatility Fund, Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, Senior Floating Rate Fund and Wealth Masters Fund.) |
With respect to investment restriction (2) above, for purposes of determining the amount of each Funds total assets invested in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry, each Fund of Funds will look through to the securities held by any affiliated mutual funds in which the Fund invests. However, as of the date of this SAI the Funds of Funds will not look through to the securities held by any underlying exchange-traded funds (ETFs), unaffiliated mutual funds and/or closed-end funds in which such Funds invest.
Except with respect to investment restriction (3) above, if any percentage restriction described above for the Funds is adhered to at the time of investment, a subsequent increase or decrease in the percentage resulting from a change in the value of the Funds assets will not constitute a violation of the restriction. With respect to investment restriction (3), in the event that asset coverage for all borrowings shall at any time fall below 300 per centum, the Fund shall, within three days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays) or such longer period as the SEC may prescribe by rules and regulations, reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowings shall be at least 300 per centum.
Section 12 of the 1940 Act limits the percentage of shares of other mutual funds that a fund may purchase. The Funds have obtained exemptive relief from the SEC to permit them to invest in affiliated and unaffiliated funds, including ETFs, beyond the statutory limitations, subject to certain conditions. Many ETFs also have obtained exemptive relief from the SEC to permit unaffiliated funds to invest in the ETFs shares beyond these statutory limitations, subject to certain conditions. Each Fund may rely on the various exemptive orders to invest in shares of other mutual funds, including ETFs as applicable.
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Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions (Foreign Opportunities Fund only)
The Board of Trustees of the Trust (also referred to herein as the Board or Trustees) have adopted the following additional investment restrictions for the Foreign Opportunities Fund. These restrictions are operating policies of the Fund and may be changed by the Trustees without shareholder approval.
(a) |
The Fund may sell securities short if it owns or has the right to obtain securities equivalent in kind and amount to the securities sold short without the payment of any additional consideration therefore (short sales against the box). In addition, the Fund may engage in naked short sales, which involve selling a security that a Fund borrows and does not own. The total market value of all of a Funds naked short sale positions will not exceed 8% of its assets. Transactions in futures, options, swaps and forward contracts are not deemed to constitute selling securities short. |
(b) |
The Fund does not currently intend to purchase securities on margin, except that the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions, and provided that margin payments and other deposits in connection with transactions in futures, options, swaps and forward contracts shall not be deemed to constitute purchasing securities on margin. |
(c) |
The Fund may not mortgage or pledge any securities owned or held by it in amounts that exceed, in the aggregate, 15% of the Funds net asset value (NAV), provided that this limitation does not apply to reverse repurchase agreements, deposits of assets to margin, options, swaps or forward contracts, or the segregation of assets in connection with such contracts. |
(d) |
The Fund does not currently intend to purchase any security or enter into a repurchase agreement if, as a result, more than 15% of its net assets would be invested in repurchase agreements not entitling the holder to payment of principal and interest within seven days and in securities that are illiquid by virtue of legal or contractual restrictions on resale or the absence of a readily available market. The Trustees, or the Funds investment adviser or subadviser acting pursuant to authority delegated by the Trustees, may determine that a readily available market exists for securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 (Rule 144A Securities and 1933 Act, respectively), or any successor to such rule, Section 4(2) commercial paper and municipal lease obligations. Accordingly, such securities may not be subject to the foregoing limitation. The factors that may be considered when determining liquidity are described under Illiquid Securities in the Investment Techniques and Risks section below. |
(e) |
The Fund may not invest in companies for the purpose of exercising control of management. |
Trustees and Officers
The Board of Trustees of the Trust is responsible for the overall supervision of the Trust and performs the various duties imposed on Trustees by the 1940 Act and Delaware statutory trust law. The Board of Trustees is responsible for the overall supervision of the Funds, including establishing the Funds policies, general supervision and review of their investment activities. The officers, who administer the Funds daily operations, are appointed by the Board of Trustees and generally are employees of the Adviser or one of its affiliates. The current Trustees and officers of the Trust performing a policy-making function and their affiliations and principal occupations for the past five years are set forth below. The Trust has no employees.
Unless otherwise noted, each Trustee of the Trust also serves as a Trustee of other Virtus Mutual Funds and the address of each individual is 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103. There is no stated term of office for Trustees or officers of the Trust.
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Independent Trustees*
Name and Year of Birth |
Length of Time Served |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
Other Directorships
During Past 5 Years |
||||
Leroy Keith, Jr. YOB: 1939 |
Served since 2000. | 49 | Chairman (since 2010), Bloc Global Services Group, LLC (construction and redevelopment company); Managing Director (2007 to 2008), Almanac Capital Management (commodities business). | Director/Trustee (since 2010), Wells Fargo Funds (139 series) and their predecessors, Evergreen Funds (1989 to 2010); Director (2003 to 2010), Diversapack Co. (soft packaging company); and Trustee (since 1980), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex. | ||||
Philip McLoughlin Chairman YOB: 1946 |
Served since 1999. | 64 | Partner (since 2006), Cross Pond Partners, LLC (strategy consulting firm); Managing Director (2009 to 2010), SeaCap Asset Management Fund I, L.P. and SeaCap Partners, LLC (investment management). | Director (since 1991) and Chairman (since 2010), World Trust Fund; Chairman and Trustee (since 2003), Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (9 portfolios); Trustee and Chairman (since 2011), Virtus Closed-End Funds (2 portfolios); Trustee (since 1989), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex; Director (since 1996), closed-end funds managed by Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co. (4 portfolios); and Director (1985 to 2009), Argo Group International Holdings Inc. and its predecessor, PXRE Corporation (insurance). | ||||
Geraldine M. McNamara YOB: 1951 |
Served since 2001. | 53 | Retired. | Trustee (since 2001), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex and Director (since 2003), closed-end funds managed by Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co. (4 portfolios). |
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Name and Year of Birth |
Length of Time Served |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
Other Directorships
During Past 5 Years |
||||
James M. Oates YOB: 1946 |
Served since 2000. | 49 | Managing Director (since 1994), Wydown Group (consulting firm). | Chairman and Trustee (since 2005), John Hancock Fund Complex (234 portfolios); Director (since 1996), Stifel Financial; Chairman and Director (since 1999), Connecticut River Bank and Director (since 1998), Connecticut River Bancorp; Chairman (since 2000), Emerson Investment Management, Inc.; Director (since 2002), New Hampshire Trust Company; Non-Executive Chairman (2007 to 2011), Hudson Castle Group, Inc. (formerly IBEX Capital Markets, Inc.) (financial services); and Trustee (since 1987), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex. | ||||
Richard E. Segerson YOB: 1946 |
Served since 2000. | 49 | Retired. | Managing Director (1998 to 2013), Northway Management Company; and Trustee (since 1993), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex. | ||||
Ferdinand L.J. Verdonck YOB: 1942 |
Served since 2005. | 49 | Director (since 1998), The J.P. Morgan European Investment Trust; Director (since 2005), Galapagos N.V. (biotechnology); Mr. Verdonck is also a director of several non-U.S. companies. | Trustee (since 2002), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex. |
* |
Those Trustees listed as Independent Trustees are not interested persons of the Trust, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act. |
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Interested Trustee
Name and Year of Birth |
Length of Time Served |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
Other Directorships
During Past 5 Years |
||||
George R. Aylward** Trustee and President YOB: 1964 |
Served Since 2006. | 62 | Director, President and Chief Executive Officer (since 2008), Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; various senior officer positions with Virtus affiliates (since 2005). | Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (since 2006), The Zweig Closed-End Funds (2 portfolios); Trustee and President (since 2011), Virtus Closed-End Funds (2 portfolios); Trustee (since 2012), Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (9 portfolios); and Trustee (since 2006), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex. |
** |
Mr. Aylward is an interested person as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, by reason of his position as President and Chief Executive Officer of Virtus, the ultimate parent company of the Adviser, and various positions with its affiliates including the Adviser. |
Officers of the Trust Who Are Not Trustees
Name, Address and Year of Birth |
Position(s) Held with the Trust and Length of Time Served |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
||
W. Patrick Bradley YOB: 1972 |
Vice President, since 2011; Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, since 2006. |
Senior Vice President, Fund Services (since 2010), Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; various officer positions (since 2006) with Virtus affiliates; Vice President (since 2011), Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 2004), Virtus Variable Insurance Trust; Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 2011), Virtus Global Multi-Sector Income Fund and Virtus Total Return Fund; Vice President (since 2012) and Treasurer (Chief Financial Officer) (since 2007), The Zweig Fund, Inc. and Zweig Total Return Fund, Inc.; Vice President and Assistant Treasurer (since 2011), Duff & Phelps Global Utility Income Fund Inc. | ||
Kevin J. Carr YOB: 1954 |
Vice President, Chief Legal Officer, Counsel and Secretary, since 2005. | Senior Vice President (since 2009), Vice President, Counsel and Secretary (2008 to 2009), Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; various senior officer positions (since 2005) with Virtus affiliates; Vice President, Chief Legal Officer, Counsel and Secretary (since 2010), Virtus Variable Insurance Trust; Vice President and Assistant Secretary (since 2012), Vice President, Chief Legal Officer, Counsel and Secretary (2011-2012), Virtus Global Multi-Sector Income Fund and Virtus Total Return Fund; Vice President and Assistant Secretary (since 2012), Secretary and Chief Legal Officer (2005-2012), The Zweig Fund, Inc. and Zweig Total Return Fund, Inc.; Vice President and Assistant Secretary (since 2011), Duff & Phelps Global Utility Income Fund Inc. |
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Name, Address and Year of Birth |
Position(s) Held with the Trust and Length of Time Served |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
||
Nancy J. Engberg YOB: 1956 |
Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer, since 2011. | Vice President (since 2008) and Chief Compliance Officer (2008 to 2011), Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; various officer positions (since 2003) with Virtus affiliates; Vice President (since 2010), Chief Compliance Officer (since 2011), Virtus Variable Insurance Trust; Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2011), Virtus Global Multi-Sector Income Fund and Virtus Total Return Fund; Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2012), The Zweig Fund, Inc. and Zweig Total Return Fund, Inc. | ||
Francis G. Waltman YOB: 1962 |
Senior Vice President, since 2008. | Executive Vice President, Product Development (since 2009), Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; various senior officer positions (since 2006) with Virtus affiliates; Senior Vice President (since 2010), Virtus Variable Insurance Trust; Senior Vice President (since 2011), Virtus Global Multi-Sector Income Fund and Virtus Total Return Fund. |
Leadership Structure and the Board of Trustees
The Board is currently composed of seven trustees, including six Independent Trustees. In addition to four regularly scheduled meetings per year, the Board holds special meetings either in person or via telephone to discuss specific matters that may require consideration prior to the next regular meeting. As discussed below, the Board has established several standing committees to assist the Board in performing its oversight responsibilities, and each such committee has a chairperson. The Board may also designate working groups or ad hoc committees as it deems appropriate.
The Board has appointed Mr. McLoughlin, an Independent Trustee, to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairmans primary role is to participate in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the Board and the identification of information to be presented to the Board with respect to matters to be acted upon by the Board. The Chairman also presides at all meetings of the Board and between meetings generally acts as a liaison with the Trusts service providers, officers, legal counsel, and the other Trustees. The Chairman may perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time. Except for any duties specified herein or pursuant to the Trusts Declaration of Trust or By-laws, or as assigned by the Board, the designation of Chairman does not impose on such Independent Trustee any duties, obligations or liability that is greater than the duties, obligations or liability imposed on such person as a member of the Board, generally.
The Board believes that this leadership structure is appropriate because it allows the Board to exercise informed and independent judgment over matters under its purview, and it allocates areas of responsibility among committees or working groups of Trustees and the full Board in a manner that enhances effective oversight. Mr. McLoughlin previously served as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the company that is now Virtus; however, he is now an Independent Trustee due to (a) the fact that Virtus is no longer affiliated with The Phoenix Companies, Inc. (which was its parent company when Mr. McLoughlin retired), (b) the passage of time and (c) the manner in which Mr. McLoughlin conducts his trusteeship. As a result of this balance, it is believed that Mr. McLoughlin has the ability to provide independent oversight of the Trusts operations within the context of his detailed understanding of the perspective of the Adviser and the Trusts other service providers. The Board therefore considers leadership by Mr. McLoughlin as enhancing the Boards ability to provide effective independent oversight of the Trusts operations and meaningful representation of the shareholders interests.
The Board also believes that having a super-majority of Independent Trustees is appropriate and in the best interest of the Funds shareholders. Nevertheless, the Board also believes that having an interested person serve on the Board brings corporate and financial viewpoints that are, in the Boards view, crucial elements in its decision-making process. In addition, the Board believes that Mr. Aylward, who is currently the Chairman and President of the Adviser, and the President and Chief Executive Officer of Virtus, and serves in various executive roles with other affiliates of the Adviser who provide services to the Trust, provides the Board with the Advisers perspective in managing and sponsoring the Virtus Mutual Funds as well as the perspective of other service providers to the Trust. The leadership structure of the Board may be changed at any time and in the discretion of the Board, including in response to changes in circumstances or the characteristics of the Trust.
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The Board of Trustees has established several standing committees to oversee particular aspects of the Funds management. The members of each Committee are set forth below:
The Audit Committee
The Audit Committee is responsible for overseeing the Funds accounting and auditing policies and practices. The Audit Committee reviews the Funds financial reporting procedures, their system of internal control, the independent audit process, and the Funds procedures for monitoring compliance with investment restrictions and applicable laws and regulations and with the Code of Ethics. The Audit Committee is composed entirely of Independent Trustees; its members are James M. Oates, Chairperson, Dr. Leroy Keith, Jr., Philip R. McLoughlin, Geraldine M. McNamara, Richard E. Segerson and Ferdinand L.J. Verdonck. The Committee met four times during the Trusts last fiscal year.
The Executive Committee
The function of the Executive Committee is to serve as a delegate of the full Board of Trustees, as well as act on behalf of the Board when it is not in session, subject to limitations as set by the Board. Its members are Philip R. McLoughlin, Chairperson, Dr. Leroy Keith, Jr., and James M. Oates. Each of the members is an Independent Trustee. The Committee met twice during the Trusts last fiscal year.
The Governance and Nominating Committee
The Governance and Nominating Committee is responsible for developing and maintaining governance principles applicable to the Funds, for nominating individuals to serve as Trustees, including as Independent Trustees and annually evaluating the Board and Committees. The Governance and Nominating Committee is composed entirely of Independent Trustees; its members are Dr. Leroy Keith, Jr., Chairperson, Philip R. McLoughlin, Geraldine M. McNamara, James M. Oates, Richard E. Segerson and Ferdinand L.J. Verdonck. The Committee met four times during the Trusts last fiscal year.
The Governance and Nominating Committee considers candidates for trusteeship and makes recommendations to the Board with respect to such candidates. There are no specific required qualifications for trusteeship. The committee considers all relevant qualifications of candidates for trusteeship, such as industry knowledge and experience, financial expertise, current employment and other board memberships, and whether the candidate would be qualified to be considered an Independent Trustee. The Board believes that having among its members a diversity of viewpoints, skills and experience and a variety of complementary skills enhances the effectiveness of the Board in its oversight role. The committee considers the qualifications of candidates for trusteeship in this context.
The Board has adopted a policy for consideration of Trustee nominees recommended by shareholders. With regards to such policy, an individual shareholder submitting a nomination must hold for at least one full year 5% of the shares of a series of the Trust. Shareholder nominees for Trustee will be given the same consideration as any candidate provided the nominee meets certain minimum requirements.
Information about Each Trustees Qualification, Experience, Attributes or Skills
In addition to the information set forth above, the following provides further information about each Trustees specific experience, qualifications, attributes or skills. The information in this section should not be understood to mean that any of the Trustees is an expert within the meaning of the federal securities laws.
George R. Aylward
In addition to his positions with the Trust, Mr. Aylward is a Director and the President and Chief Executive Officer of Virtus, the ultimate parent company of the Adviser. He also holds various executive positions with the Adviser, certain Funds subadvisers, the Distributor and the Administrator to the Trust, and previously held such positions with the former parent company of Virtus. He therefore has experience in all aspects of the development and management of registered investment companies, and the handling of various financial, staffing, regulatory and operational issues. Mr. Aylward is a certified public accountant and holds an MBA, and he also serves as an officer and director of two closed-end funds managed by an affiliate of the Adviser and two closed-end funds managed by the Adviser.
Leroy Keith, Jr.
Dr. Keith has served in various roles in business and education, and has over 30 years of experience serving as a trustee to various mutual fund families. He holds both a masters degree and a doctorate in education and business administration. Dr. Keith has also served as an executive in commodities businesses for a number of years, and he has broad experience with respect to corporate governance and organizational leadership.
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Philip R. McLoughlin
Mr. McLoughlin has extensive knowledge regarding asset management and the financial services industry, having served for a number of years in various executive and director positions of the company that is now Virtus and its affiliates, culminating in his role as chairman and chief executive officer. He also served as legal counsel and chief compliance officer to the investment companies associated with those companies at the time, giving him an understanding of the legal and compliance issues applicable to mutual funds. Mr. McLoughlin also has worked with U.S. and foreign companies in the insurance and reinsurance industry. He is also a Director of four closed-end funds managed by an affiliate of the Adviser and two closed-end funds managed by the Adviser.
Geraldine M. McNamara
Ms. McNamara was an executive at U.S. Trust Company of New York for 24 years, where she rose to the position of Managing Director. Her responsibilities at U.S. Trust included the oversight of U.S. Trusts personal banking business. In addition to her managerial and banking experience, Ms. McNamaras decades of advising individuals on their personal financial management have given her an enhanced understanding of the goals and expectations that individual investors bring to the Funds, ensuring that this important perspective is regularly included in the deliberations of the Board. Ms. McNamara is also a Director of four closed-end funds managed by an affiliate of the Adviser.
James M. Oates
Mr. Oates was instrumental in the founding of a private global finance, portfolio management and administration company, and he has also served in executive and director roles for various types of financial services companies. As a senior officer and director of investment management companies, Mr. Oates has experience in investment management. He also previously served as chief executive officer of two banks, and holds an MBA. Mr. Oates also has experience as a director of other publicly traded companies and has served for a number of years as the Chairman of the Board of a family of mutual funds unaffiliated with the Trust, with over $294 billion in assets.
Richard E. Segerson
Mr. Segerson has served in financial and other executive roles with various operating companies, including serving as the Chief Financial Officer, Controller and Chief Operating Officer of such entities. These roles have provided him with an understanding of financial and operational issues, as has his experience as a public accountant. Mr. Segerson also has over 30 years of experience serving as a trustee to various mutual funds, and he holds an MBA. Mr. Segerson also has served for a number of years as the Managing Director of a family office, providing wealth management services to individuals. This experience enhances his understanding of the perspective of individual fund shareholders.
Ferdinand L.J. Verdonck
Mr. Verdonck brings to the Board a broad background in finance, investments, banking and international business. His experience includes serving as the chief financial officer of the U.S. subsidiary of an international company, and as a senior vice president of a major U.S. investment firm. He also holds degrees in both law and economics. Mr. Verdonck has served for more than 25 years on the boards and audit committees of various U.S. and foreign companies.
Board Oversight of Risk Management
As a registered investment company, the Trust is subject to a variety of risks, including investment risks, financial risks, compliance risks and regulatory risks. As part of its overall activities, the Board oversees the management of the Trusts risk management structure by the Trusts Adviser, Administrator, Distributor, officers and others. The responsibility to manage the Funds risk management structure on a day-to-day basis is subsumed within the other responsibilities of these parties.
The Board then considers risk management issues as part of its general oversight responsibilities throughout the year at regular meetings of the Board and its committees, and within the context of any ad hoc communications with the Trusts service providers and officers. The Trusts Adviser, subadvisers, Distributor, officers and legal counsel prepare regular reports to the Board that address certain investment, valuation, compliance and other matters, and the Board as a whole or its committees may also receive special written reports or presentations on a variety of risk issues at the request of the Board, a committee, the Chairman or a senior officer.
The Board receives regular written reports describing and analyzing the investment performance of the Funds. In addition, the portfolio managers of the Funds and senior management of the Funds subadvisers meet with the Board periodically to discuss portfolio performance and answer the Boards questions with respect to portfolio strategies and risks. To the extent that a Fund changes a primary investment strategy, the Board generally is consulted in advance with respect to such change.
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The Board receives regular written reports from the Trusts Chief Financial Officer that enable the Board to monitor the number of fair valued securities in the Funds portfolios, the reasons for the fair valuation and the methodology used to arrive at the fair value. Such reports also include information concerning illiquid securities within the Funds portfolios. The Board and/or the Audit Committee may also review valuation procedures and pricing results with the Funds independent auditors in connection with the review of the results of the audit of the Funds year-end financial statements.
The Board also receives regular compliance reports prepared by the compliance staff of the Adviser and meets regularly with the Trusts CCO to discuss compliance issues, including compliance risks. As required under applicable rules, the Independent Trustees meet regularly in executive session with the CCO, and the CCO prepares and presents an annual written compliance report to the Board. The CCO, as well as the compliance staff of the Adviser and Virtus, provide the Board with reports on their examinations of functions and processes within the Adviser and the subadvisers that affect the Funds. The Board also adopts compliance policies and procedures for the Trust and approves such procedures for the Trusts service providers. The compliance policies and procedures are specifically designed to detect and prevent violations of the federal securities laws.
In its annual review of the Funds advisory, subadvisory and distribution agreements, the Board reviews information provided by the Adviser, the subadvisers and the Distributor relating to their operational capabilities, financial conditions and resources. The Board may also discuss particular risks that are not addressed in its regular reports and processes.
The Board recognizes that it is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect the Funds or to develop processes and controls to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects. The Board periodically reviews the effectiveness of its oversight of the Funds and the other funds in the Virtus Mutual Funds family, and the processes and controls in place to limit identified risks. The Board may, at any time and in its discretion, change the manner in which it conducts its risk oversight role.
Trustees Fund Holdings as of December 31, 2012
As of December 31, 2012, the Trustees owned shares of the Funds as set forth in the table below. The following are the ranges: none, $1-$10,000, $10,001-$50,000, $50,001-$100,000 or over $100,000.
Independent Trustees |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of
|
||
Leroy Keith, Jr. | Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund $10,001-$50,000 | $10,001 - $50,000 | ||
Philip R. McLoughlin |
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund $10,001 - $50,000 EM Debt Fund $1-$10,000 EM Equity Income Fund $1-$10,000 Foreign Opportunities Fund $10,001-$50,000 Global Dividend Fund $10,001-$50,000 Greater Asia Fund $10,001-$50,000 Herzfeld Fund $1-$10,000 International Real Estate Fund $1-$10,000 Real Estate Fund $10,001-$50,000 Senior Floating Rate Fund $1-$10,000 |
Over $100,000 | ||
Geraldine M. McNamara |
Foreign Opportunities Fund $50,001-$100,000 Global Dividend Fund $50,001-$100,000 Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund over $100,000 Real Estate Fund $50,001-$100,000 |
Over $100,000 | ||
James M. Oates |
Foreign Opportunities Fund $50,001-$100,000 Greater Asia Fund $50,001-$100,000 Herzfeld $10,001-$50,000 International Real Estate Fund $10,001-$50,000 Real Estate Fund $50,001-$100,000 Wealth Masters $10,001-$50,000 |
Over $100,000 | ||
Richard E. Segerson | None | Over $100,000 | ||
Ferdinand L.J. Verdonck |
Foreign Opportunities Fund $10,001-$50,000 Global Dividend Fund $10,001-$50,000
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund
Real Estate Fund $1-$10,000 |
Over $100,000 |
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Independent Trustees |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of
|
||
George R. Aylward |
Alternatives Diversifier Fund $10,001-$50,000 Bond Fund $1-$10,000 Foreign Opportunities Fund $10,001-$50,000 Global Dividend Fund $10,001-$50,000 Global Opportunities Fund $1-$10,000 High Yield Fund $10,001-$50,000 Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund $1-$10,000 Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund $10,001-$50,000 Real Estate Fund $10,001-$50,000 |
Over $100,000 |
On January 3, 2013, the Trustees and officers as a group owned less than 1% of the then outstanding shares of any of the other Funds, except Herzfeld Fund (2.75%) and Wealth Masters Fund (2.44%).
Trustee Compensation
Trustees who are not employed by the Adviser or its affiliates receive an annual retainer and fees and expenses for attendance at Board and Committee meetings. Officers and employees of the Adviser of the Funds who are interested persons are compensated for their services by the Adviser of the Funds, or an affiliate of the Adviser of the Funds, and receive no compensation from the Funds. The Trust does not have any retirement plan for its Trustees.
For the Trusts fiscal year ended September 30, 2012, the current Trustees received the following compensation:
Aggregate Compensation from Trust |
Total Compensation From Trust and Fund Complex Paid to Trustees |
|||
Independent Trustees |
||||
Leroy Keith, Jr. | $98,388 | $167,000 (45 funds) | ||
Philip R. McLoughlin | $157,508 | $474,000 (60 funds) | ||
Geraldine M. McNamara | $95,405 | $248,000 (49 funds) | ||
James M. Oates | $101,370 | $174,000 (45 funds) | ||
Richard E. Segerson | $95,405 | $164,000 (45 funds) | ||
Ferdinand L.J. Verdonck | $95,405 | $164,000 (45 funds) | ||
Interested Trustee |
||||
George R. Aylward | None | None |
Sales Loads
The Trusts Trustees are permitted to invest in Class I shares of each Fund without initial or subsequent minimum investment requirements. Class I shares do not carry a sales load.
Code of Ethics
The Trust, its Adviser, subadvisers and Distributor have each adopted a Code of Ethics pursuant to Rule 17-j1 under the 1940 Act. Personnel subject to the Codes of Ethics may purchase and sell securities for their personal accounts, including securities that may be purchased, sold or held by the Funds, subject to certain restrictions and conditions. Generally, personal securities transactions are subject to preclearance procedures, reporting requirements and holding period rules. The Codes also restrict personal securities transactions in private placements, initial public offerings and securities in which a Fund has a pending order. The Trust has also adopted a Senior Management Code of Ethics as required by Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Proxy Voting Policies
The Trust has adopted on behalf of the Funds a Policy Regarding Proxy Voting stating the Trusts intention to exercise stock ownership rights with respect to portfolio securities in a manner that is reasonably anticipated to further the best economic interests of shareholders of the Funds. The Funds have committed to analyze and vote all proxies that are likely to have financial implications, and where appropriate, to participate in corporate governance, shareholder proposals, management communications and legal proceedings. The Funds must also identify potential or actual conflicts of interest in voting proxies and must address any such conflict of interest in accordance with the Policy.
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The Policy stipulates that the Funds Adviser will vote proxies, or delegate such responsibility to a subadviser. The applicable voting party will vote proxies in accordance with this Policy, or its own policies and procedures, which in no event will conflict with the Trusts Policy. The Adviser or applicable subadviser may engage a qualified, independent organization to vote proxies on its behalf (a delegate). Matters that may affect substantially the rights and privileges of the holders of securities to be voted will be analyzed and voted on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration such relevant factors as enumerated in the Policy. The views of management of a portfolio company will be considered.
The Policy specifies certain factors that will be considered when analyzing and voting proxies on certain issues, including, but not limited to:
|
Corporate Governance Matterstax and economic benefits of changes in the state of incorporation; dilution or improved accountability associated with anti-takeover provisions such as staggered boards, poison pills and supermajority provisions. |
|
Stock Option and Other Management Compensation Issuesexecutive pay and spending on perquisites, particularly in conjunction with sub-par performance and employee layoffs. |
|
Social and Corporate Responsibility Issuesthe Adviser or subadviser will generally vote against shareholder social and environmental issue proposals. |
The Funds and their delegates seek to avoid actual or perceived conflicts of interest of Fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the Adviser, subadviser, delegate, Distributor, or any affiliated person of the Funds, on the other hand.
Depending on the type and materiality, any conflicts of interest will be handled by (i) relying on the recommendations of an established, independent third party proxy voting vendor; (ii) voting pursuant to the recommendation of the delegate; (iii) abstaining; or (iv) where two or more delegates provide conflicting requests, voting shares in proportion to the assets under management of each delegate. The Policy requires each Adviser/subadviser or delegate to notify the President of the Trust of any actual or potential conflict of interest. No Adviser/subadviser or delegate may waive any conflict of interest or vote any conflicted proxies without the prior written approval of the Board of Trustees or the President of the Trust.
The Policy further imposes certain record keeping and reporting requirements on each Adviser/subadviser or delegate. Information regarding how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ending June 30 will be available free of charge by calling, toll-free, 800.243.1574, or on the SECs Web site at www.sec.gov .
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
As of January 3, 2013, the persons who owned of record, or were known by the Trusts to own beneficially, 5% or more of the outstanding shares of any class of the Funds included in this SAI are shown in Appendix BPrincipal Shareholders.
Investment Adviser
The investment adviser to each of the Funds is Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc., located at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, Connecticut 06103. VIA, an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus, acts as the investment adviser for over 50 mutual funds and as adviser to institutional clients. VIA has acted as an investment adviser for over 80 years. As of March 31, 2013, VIA had approximately $34.4 billion in assets under management.
Investment Advisory Agreement and Expense Limitation Agreement
The investment advisory agreement, approved by the Board of Trustees, provides that the Trust will bear all costs and expenses (other than those specifically referred to as being borne by the Adviser) incurred in the operation of the Trust. Such expenses include, but shall not be limited to, all expenses incurred in the operation of the Trust and any public offering of its shares, including, among others, interest, taxes, brokerage fees and commissions, fees of Trustees who are not employees of VIA or any of its affiliates, expenses of Trustees, and shareholders meetings, expenses of printing and mailing proxy soliciting material, expenses of the insurance premiums for fidelity and other coverage, expenses of the repurchase and redemption of shares, expenses of the issue and sale of shares (to the extent not borne by VP Distributors under its agreement with the Trust), association membership dues, charges of custodians, transfer agents, dividend disbursing agents and financial agents, and bookkeeping, auditing and legal expenses. The Trust will also pay the fees and bear the expense of registering
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and maintaining the registration of the Trust and its shares with the SEC and registering or qualifying its shares under state or other securities laws and the expense of preparing and mailing prospectuses and reports to shareholders. If authorized by the Board of Trustees, the Trust will also pay for extraordinary expenses and expenses of a non-recurring nature which may include, but shall not be limited to, the reasonable cost of any reorganization or acquisition of assets and the cost of legal proceedings to which the Trust is a party.
Each Fund will pay expenses incurred in its own operation and will also pay a portion of the Trusts general administration expenses allocated on the basis of the asset values of the respective Funds.
For managing, or directing the management of, the investments of each fund, VIA is entitled to a fee, payable monthly, at the following annual rates:
Series |
Investment Advisory Fee | |||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund | 0.00% | |||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | 1.10% | |||||
1 st $1 Billion |
$1+ Billion
through $2 Billion |
$2+ Billion | ||||
CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | 0.45% | 0.40% | 0.35% | |||
Global Commodities Fund | 1.00% | 0.95% | 0.90% | |||
Global Dividend Fund | 0.65% | 0.60% | 0.55% | |||
Global Opportunities Fund | 0.85% | 0.80% | 0.75% | |||
Global Real Estate Fund | 0.85% | 0.80% | 0.75% | |||
High Yield Fund | 0.65% | 0.60% | 0.55% | |||
International Real Estate Fund | 1.00% | 0.95% | 0.90% | |||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund | 0.55% | 0.50% | 0.45% | |||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | 0.55% | 0.50% | 0.45% | |||
Real Estate Fund | 0.75% | 0.70% | 0.65% | |||
Senior Floating Rate Fund | 0.60% | 0.55% | 0.50% | |||
1 st $2 Billion |
$2+ Billion
through $4 Billion |
$4+ Billion | ||||
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | 1.10% | 1.05% | 1.00% | |||
Disciplined Select Country Fund | 1.10% | 1.05% | 1.00% | |||
Disciplined Select Bond Fund | 0.80% | 0.75% | 0.70% | |||
Disciplined Equity Style Fund | 1.00% | 0.95% | 0.90% | |||
Foreign Opportunities Fund | 0.85% | 0.80% | 0.75% | |||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | 1.10% | 1.05% | 1.00% | |||
International Equity Fund | 0.85% | 0.80% | 0.75% | |||
Low Volatility Equity Fund | 0.95% | 0.90% | 0.85% | |||
1 st $1 Billion | $1+ Billion | |||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund | 0.45% | 0.40% | ||||
Bond Fund | 0.45% | 0.40% | ||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund * | 1.50% | 1.40% | ||||
Emerging Markets Debt Fund | 0.75% | 0.70% | ||||
Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund | 1.05% | 1.00% | ||||
Greater Asia Fund | 1.00% | 0.95% | ||||
Greater European Fund | 0.85% | 0.80% | ||||
Herzfeld Fund | 1.00% | 0.95% | ||||
International Small-Cap Fund | 1.00% | 0.95% | ||||
Wealth Masters Fund | 0.85% | 0.80% |
The Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund pays VIA an investment management fee that is accrued daily at an annual base rate of 1.50% of the first $1 billion of the funds average daily Managed Assets and 1.40% of the funds average daily Managed Assets of the fund exceeding $1 billion. Managed Assets means the total assets of the fund, including any assets attributable to borrowings, minus the funds accrued liabilities other than such borrowings. Effective February 6, 2013, this fee is subject to a performance adjustment in accordance with a rate schedule (the fulcrum fee). The performance adjustment increases or decreases the management fee based on how well the fund has performed relative to the S&P 500 ® Index (the Index). The fee rate will be adjusted by adding or subtracting 0.10% (10 basis points) for each 1.00% of absolute performance by which the funds performance exceeds or lags that of the Index. The maximum performance adjustment is plus or minus 1.00% (100 basis points), which would occur if the fund performed 10 percentage points better or worse than the Index.
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Performance is measured for purposes of the performance adjustment over the most recent 36-month period ( i.e. , a rolling 36-month period), consisting of the current month for which performance is available plus the previous 35 months. This comparison will be made, and the advisory fee adjusted, at the end of each month. Beginning on February 6, 2013, the performance adjustment is calculated based upon the cumulative performance period since February 6, 2012; after 36 months have elapsed since that date, the fund will begin calculating the performance adjustment based upon the most recent 36-month period on a rolling basis. In calculating the funds investment management fee when the performance adjustment applies, the fee rate as adjusted will be multiplied by the funds average daily Managed Assets over the same time period used to determine the level of the adjustment (generally, a rolling 36-month period, as set forth above).
Any performance adjustment will be based upon the funds performance compared to the performance of the Index. A performance adjustment will not be based on whether the funds absolute performance is positive or negative, but rather based on whether the funds performance is better or worse than the performance of the Index. The fund could therefore pay a performance adjustment for positive relative performance even if the funds shares decrease in value, so long as the funds performance exceeds that of the Index.
VIA may waive any portion of its investment advisory fees or reimburse Fund expenses from time to time. VIA has voluntarily agreed to limit the annual operating expenses (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses (if any), interest, taxes and extraordinary expenses) of the following Funds (expressed as a percentage of daily net assets):
Type* |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class T |
|||||||
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | V | 1.75% | N/A | 2.50% | 1.50% | N/A | ||||||
Bond Fund | V | 0.85% | 1.60% | 1.60% | 0.60% | N/A | ||||||
CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | V | 0.85% | N/A | N/A | 0.60% | N/A | ||||||
Disciplined Bond Fund | C (1) | 1.40% | N/A | 2.15% | 1.15% | N/A | ||||||
Disciplined Country Fund | C (1) | 1.60% | N/A | 2.35% | 1.35% | N/A | ||||||
Disciplined Equity Fund | C (1) | 1.70% | N/A | 2.45% | 1.45% | N/A | ||||||
EM Debt Fund | C (1) | 1.35% | N/A | 2.10% | 1.10% | N/A | ||||||
EM Equity Income Fund | C (1) | 1.75% | N/A | 2.50% | 1.50% | N/A | ||||||
Global Commodities Fund | V | 1.65% | N/A | 2.40% | 1.40% | N/A | ||||||
Global Opportunities Fund | V | 1.55% | 2.30% | 2.30% | 1.30% | N/A | ||||||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | V | 1.75% | N/A | 2.50% | 1.50% | N/A | ||||||
Global Real Estate Fund | V | 1.40% | N/A | 2.15% | 1.15% | N/A | ||||||
Greater Asia Fund | V | 1.80% | N/A | 2.55% | 1.55% | N/A | ||||||
Greater European Fund | V | 1.45% | N/A | 2.20% | 1.20% | N/A | ||||||
Herzfeld Fund | C (1) | 1.60% | N/A | 2.35% | 1.35% | N/A | ||||||
High Yield Fund | V | 1.15% | 1.90% | 1.90% | 0.90% | N/A | ||||||
International Equity Fund | V | 1.50% | N/A | 2.25% | 1.25% | N/A | ||||||
International Real Estate Fund | V | 1.50% | N/A | 2.25% | 1.25% | N/A | ||||||
International Small-Cap Fund | C (1) | 1.60% | N/A | 2.35% | 1.35% | N/A | ||||||
Low Volatility Equity Fund | C (3) | 1.55% | N/A | 2.30% | 1.30% | N/A | ||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | V | 1.10% | 1.60% | 1.35% | 0.85% | 1.85% | ||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | V | 1.70% | N/A | 2.45% | 1.45% | N/A | ||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund (2) | V | 1.20% | N/A | 1.95% | 0.95% | N/A | ||||||
Wealth Masters Fund | C (1) | 1.45% | N/A | 2.20% | 1.20% | N/A |
* |
V = Voluntary; C = Contractual |
(1) |
Through January 31, 2014. |
(2) |
Excludes leverage expenses, if any. |
(3) |
Through January 31, 2015. |
The Adviser may discontinue these voluntary expense caps and/or fee waivers at any time. The Adviser may recapture operating expenses reimbursed under this arrangement, for a period of three years following the fiscal year in which such reimbursement occurred.
The Adviser also may, at its discretion, from time to time pay for other Fund expenses from its own assets, or reduce the management fee of a Fund in excess of that required. Any fee reimbursed and/or any Fund expense absorbed by the Adviser pursuant to an agreed upon expense cap shall be reimbursed by the Fund to the Adviser, if so requested by the Adviser, provided the aggregate amount of the Funds current operating expense for such fiscal year does not exceed the applicable limitation on Fund expenses.
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The investment advisory agreement also provides that the Adviser shall not be liable to the Trust or to any shareholder of the Trust for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Trust or by any shareholder of the Trust in connection with the matters to which the agreement relates, except a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard on the part of such Adviser in the performance of its duties thereunder.
Provided it has been approved by a vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of a Fund of the Trust which is subject to its terms and conditions, the investment advisory agreement continues from year to year with respect to such Fund so long as (1) such continuance is approved at least annually by the Board of Trustees or by a vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of such Fund and (2) the terms and any renewal of the agreement with respect to such Fund have been approved by the vote of a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the agreement or interested persons, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, of the Trust or the relevant Adviser, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. On sixty days written notice and without penalty the agreement may be terminated as to the Trust or as to a Fund by the Board of Trustees or by the relevant Adviser and may be terminated as to a Fund by a vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of such Fund. The Agreement automatically terminates upon its assignment (within the meaning of the 1940 Act). The agreement provides that upon its termination, or at the request of the relevant Adviser, the Trust will eliminate all reference to Virtus from its name, and will not thereafter transact business in a name using the word Virtus.
Adviser Affiliates
George Aylward, Kevin Carr and Frank Waltman, each serve as an officer of the Trust and as an officer and/or director of the Adviser. The other principal executive officers and directors of the Adviser are: Michael Angerthal, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and a Director; Mark Flynn, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Clerk; and David Fusco, Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer.
Advisory Fees
The following table shows the dollar amount of fees payable to VIA for its services with respect to each Fund, the amount of fees waived and/or expenses reimbursed by VIA, if any, and the actual fee received by VIA for the past three fiscal years.
For services to the Funds during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2010, 2011 and 2012 the Adviser received fees of $37,356,830, $58,999,279 and $89,966,266 respectively, under the investment advisory agreements in effect. Of these totals, the Adviser received fees from each Fund as follows:
Gross Advisory Fee ($) |
Advisory Fee Waived and/or
|
Net Advisory Fee ($) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fund |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | N/A | 143,547 | 2,186,507 | N/A | 53,064 | (53,064 | ) | N/A | 90,483 | 2,239,571 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund | 1,270,559 | 2,080,758 | 2,039,690 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1,270,559 | 2,080,758 | 2,039,690 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund | 253,374 | 38,968 | N/A | 769,590 | 435,379 | 347,779 | (516,216 | ) | (396,411 | ) | (347,779 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bond Fund | 943,596 | 729,909 | 688,431 | 293,491 | 305,135 | 263,119 | 650,105 | 424,774 | 425,312 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | 263,842 | 252,956 | 261,354 | 105,543 | 112,689 | 111,586 | 158,299 | 140,267 | 149,768 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund | 1,347,274 | 1,099,014 | 1,323,525 | 253,774 | 220,116 | 204,807 | 1,093,500 | 878,898 | 1,118,718 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EM Debt Fund | N/A | N/A | 12,359 | N/A | N/A | 35,312 | N/A | N/A | (22,953 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EM Equity Income Fund | N/A | N/A | 3,615 | N/A | N/A | 29,374 | N/A | N/A | (25,759 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund | 9,848,027 | 9,710,172 | 9,211,639 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 9,848,027 | 9,710,172 | 9,211,639 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Commodities Fund | N/A | 53,110 | 194,749 | N/A | 84,525 | 37,616 | N/A | (31,415 | ) | 157,133 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Dividend Fund | 513,405 | 452,640 | 498,259 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 513,405 | 452,640 | 498,259 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Opportunities Fund | 492,712 | 524,389 | 688,357 | 47,818 | 76,078 | 4,881 | 444,894 | 448,311 | 683,476 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | N/A | 52,143 | 717,424 | N/A | 59,579 | 12,314 | N/A | (7,436 | ) | 705,110 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Real Estate Fund | 21,855 | 41,701 | 92,550 | 90,806 | 86,322 | 98,341 | (68,951 | ) | (44,621 | ) | (5,791 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater Asia Fund | 79,204 | 118,187 | 85,250 | 101,107 | 127,874 | 132,409 | (21,903 | ) | (9,687 | ) | (47,159 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater European Fund | 51,803 | 44,824 | 48,448 | 79,465 | 83,478 | 78,232 | (27,662 | ) | (38,654 | ) | (29,784 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Herzfeld Fund | N/A | N/A | 667 | N/A | N/A | 24,723 | N/A | N/A | (24,056 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
High Yield Fund | 605,161 | 655,825 | 626,684 | N/A | 145,145 | 159,003 | 605,161 | 510,680 | 467,681 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
International Equity Fund | 764 | 141,231 | 170,435 | 16,308 | 105,642 | 50,850 | (15,544 | ) | 35,589 | 119,585 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
International Real Estate Fund | 280,777 | 304,067 | 280,462 | 72,596 | 82,472 | 95,730 | 208,181 | 221,595 | 184,732 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
International Small-Cap Fund | N/A | N/A | 1,999 | N/A | N/A | 30,068 | N/A | N/A | (28,069 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund | 1,095,017 | 1,249,863 | 1,699,037 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1,095,017 | 1,249,863 | 1,699,037 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | 13,165,242 | 19,023,014 | 25,176,631 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 13,165,242 | 19,023,014 | 25,176,631 |
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Gross Advisory Fee ($) |
Advisory Fee Waived and/or
|
Net Advisory Fee ($) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fund |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | 153,990 | 12,544,437 | 32,571,304 | 23,852 | (23,852 | ) | N/A | 130,138 | 12,568,289 | 32,571,304 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real Estate Fund | 6,642,241 | 7,968,148 | 8,916,412 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 6,642,241 | 7,968,148 | 8,916,412 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund | 701,134 | 2,019,176 | 2,469,900 | (57,959 | ) | (42,655 | ) | N/A | 759,093 | 2,061,831 | 2,469,900 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wealth Masters Fund | N/A | N/A | 578 | N/A | N/A | 29,419 | N/A | N/A | (28,841 | ) |
Subadvisers and Subadvisory Agreements
VIA has entered into subadvisory agreements with respect to each Fund. Each subadvisory agreement provides that VIA will delegate to the respective subadviser the performance of certain of its investment management services under the Investment Advisory Agreement with respect to each of the Funds for which that subadviser provides subadvisory services. Each subadviser furnishes at its own expense the office facilities and personnel necessary to perform such services. VIA remains responsible for the supervision and oversight of each subadvisers performance. Each subadvisory agreement will continue in effect from year to year if specifically approved by the Trustees, including a majority of the Independent Trustees.
BMO Asset Management Corp. Global Commodities Fund
BMO AM (formerly known as Harris Investment Management, Inc.), is located at 115 South LaSalle Street, 11th Floor, P.O. Box 755, Chicago, IL 60603. BMO AM is a wholly-owned subsidiary of BMO Bankcorp, Inc., which is wholly owned by BMO Financial Corp. BMO Financial Corp. is wholly owned by Bank of Montreal, a publicly-traded Canadian banking institution. As of September 30, 2012, BMO AM had approximately $32 billion in assets under management.
For its services as subadviser, VIA pays BMO AM at the rate of 50% of the net advisory fee paid by Global Commodities Fund.
Coxe Advisors LLP (Coxe) Global Commodities Fund
Coxe is located at 190 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, IL 60603. Coxe has been an investment adviser since 2009. As of September 30, 2012, Coxe had approximately $448 million in assets under management.
The Sub-subadvisory Agreement provides that BMO AM will delegate to Coxe the performance of certain of its investment management services under the Subadvisory Agreement with Global Commodities Fund. Coxe will furnish at its own expense the office facilities and personnel necessary to perform such services.
For its services as sub-subadviser, BMO AM pays Coxe at the rate of 40% of its subadvisory fee.
Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co. Global Dividend Fund, Global Real Estate Fund, International Real Estate Fund and Real Estate Fund
Duff & Phelps is located at 200 S. Wacker Drive, Suite 500, Chicago, IL 60606, is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus and an affiliate of VIA. Duff & Phelps acts as adviser and subadviser to open- and closed-end funds and as investment adviser to institutions and individuals. As of September 30, 2012, Duff & Phelps had approximately $9.1 billion in assets under management.
For its services as subadviser, VIA pays Duff & Phelps a fee at the rate of the net investment management fee paid by each applicable fund as shown below.
Fund |
Subadvisory Fee |
|
Global Dividend Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Global Real Estate Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
International Real Estate Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Real Estate Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee |
Euclid Advisors LLC Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, Alternatives Diversifier Fund, AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund, Dynamic Alpha Sector SM Fund, Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, International Equity Fund and Premium AlphaSector SM Fund
Euclid is located at 1540 Broadway, New York, NY 10036 and 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103, is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus and an affiliate of VIA. Euclid acts as subadviser to mutual funds and as investment adviser to institutions and individuals. As of September 30, 2012, Euclid had approximately $5.8 billion in assets under management.
89
For its services as subadviser to the funds, VIA pays Euclid a fee at the annual rate stated below paid by each such fund.
Fund |
Subadvisory Fee |
|
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | 20% of the net advisory fee | |
Alternatives Diversifier Fund | 0.00% of net assets | |
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund | 20% of the net advisory fee | |
Dynamic Alpha Sector SM Fund | 20% of the net advisory fee | |
Global Premium AlphaSector SM | 20% of the net advisory fee | |
International Equity Fund | 50% of the net advisor fee | |
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | 20% of the net advisory fee |
For Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund, VIA pays Euclid a fee at the rate of 20% of the net investment management fee, as adjusted upward or downward by applying 26% of the performance adjustment. See The Adviser for a description of the performance adjustment applicable to the investment management fees paid by Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund.
F-Squared Alternative Investments, LLC Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund
F-Squared Alternative is located at 2221 Washington Street, Suite 201, Newton, MA 02462. F-Squared Alternative has been an investment adviser since 2011 and provides investment management and advisory services to institutional and separately managed accounts. F-Squared Alternative serves as the limited services subadviser to the Fund. As of September 30, 2012, F-Squared Alternative had approximately $14 million in assets under management.
For its services as limited services subadviser for the Fund, VIA pays F-Squared Alternative a fee at the rate of 53.3% of the net investment management fee as adjusted upward or downward by applying 74% of the performance adjustment. See The Adviser for a description of the performance adjustment applicable to the investment management fees paid by the Fund.
F-Squared Institutional Advisors, LLC. Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund, Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund, and Premium AlphaSector SM Fund
F-Squared, is located at 2221 Washington Street, Suite 201, Newton, MA 02462, has been an investment adviser since 2010 and provides investment management and advisory services to institutional and separately managed accounts. As of September 30, 2012, 2012, F-Squared Institutional had approximately $5.3 billion in assets under management.
For its services as limited services subadviser, VIA pays F-Squared Institutional a fee at the annual rate stated below for each Fund.
Fund |
Subadvisory Fee |
|
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Global Premium AlphaSector SM | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee |
Subadvisory Fee |
||||
1 st $1 Billion | Over $1 Billion | |||
Virtus AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund | 0.20% | 0.175% |
Thomas J. Herzfeld Advisors, Inc. Herzfeld Fund
Herzfeld is located at 119 Washington Avenue, Suite 504, Miami, FL 33139. Herzfeld has specialized in the closed-end fund industry since its founding in 1984. As of September 30, 2012, Herzfeld had $153 million in assets under management.
For its services as subadviser, VIA pays Herzfeld a fee at the rate of 50% of the net investment management fee paid by Herzfeld Fund.
Horizon Asset Management, LLC Wealth Masters Fund
Horizon is located at 470 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016 and has been an investment adviser since 1994. Horizon is owned by Horizon Kinetics LLC (Horizon Kinetics), an independently owned and operated firm formed in May 2011. As of September 30, 2012, Horizon Kinetics had approximately $7.1 billion in assets under management.
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For its services as subadviser, VIA pays Horizon a fee at the rate of 50% of the net investment management fee paid by Wealth Masters Fund.
Kayne Anderson Rudnick Investment Management, LLC International Small-Cap Fund
Kayne is located at 1800 Avenue of the Stars, 2nd Floor, Los Angeles, CA 90067 and is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Virtus and an affiliate of VIA. Kayne also serves as subadviser for other mutual funds. As of September 30, 2012, Kayne had approximately $6.7 billion in assets under management.
For its services as subadviser, VIA pays Kayne 50% of the net investment management fee paid by International Small-Cap Fund.
Kleinwort Benson Investors International, Ltd.
KBI is located at One Rockefeller Plaza, 32 nd Floor, New York, NY 10020. As of September 30, 2012, KBI had $4.3 billion in assets under management.
For its services as subadviser, VIA pays KBI a fee at the rate of 50% of the net investment management fee paid by EM Equity Income Fund.
Newfleet Asset Management Bond Fund, CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund, Emerging Markets Debt Fund, High Yield Fund, Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund, Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund and Senior Floating Rate Fund
Newfleet is located at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT and is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus and an affiliate of VIA. Newfleet acts as subadviser to open- and closed-end funds and as investment adviser to institutions and individuals. As of September 30, 2012, Newfleet had approximately $10.2 billion in assets under management.
For its services as a subadviser, VIA pays Newfleet at the annual rate stated below for each Fund.
Fund |
Subadvisory Fee |
|
Bond Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Emerging Markets Debt Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
High Yield Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Senior Floating Rate Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee |
Newfound Investments, LLC Disciplined Bond Fund, Disciplined Country Fund and Disciplined Equity Fund
Newfound is located at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103 and is an in-direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus and an affiliate of VIA. Newfound acts as subadviser to mutual funds. As of December 31, 2012, Newfound had approximately $3 million in assets under management.
For its services as a subadviser, VIA pays Newfleet at the annual rate stated below for each Fund.
Fund |
Subadvisory Fee |
|
Disciplined Bond Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Disciplined Country Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Disciplined Equity Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee |
Rampart Investment Management Company, LLC Low Volatility Fund
Rampart, is located at One International Place, 14 th Floor, Boston, MA 02110 and is an in-direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus and an affiliate of VIA. Rampart has been an investment adviser since 1983 and provides investment management and advisory services to mutual funds and institutional and high net worth individuals through separately managed accounts. As of March 31, 2013, Rampart had approximately $1.4 billion in assets under management.
For its services as subadviser, VIA pays Rampart a fee at the rate of 50% of the net advisory fee paid by Low Volatility Fund.
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Vontobel Asset Management, Inc. Foreign Opportunities Fund, Global Opportunities Fund, Greater Asia Fund and Greater European Fund
Vontobel is located at 1540 Broadway, 38 th Floor, New York, NY 10036 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Vontobel Holding AG, a Swiss bank holding company which is traded on the Swiss Stock Exchange. As of September 30, 2012, Vontobel had in excess of $32 billion in assets under management.
Fund |
Subadvisory Fee |
|
Foreign Opportunities Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Global Opportunities Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Greater Asia Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee | |
Greater European Fund | 50% of the net advisory fee |
For its services as a subadviser, VIA pays Vontobel a fee at the rate of 50% of the net advisory fee paid by each Fund for which Vontobel acts as a subadviser.
Subadvisory Fees
The following table shows the dollar amount of fees payable to each subadviser for managing the applicable Fund(s), the amount of expenses reimbursed by the subadviser, and the actual fee received by the subadviser for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2010, 2011 and 2012.
Gross Subadvisory Fee ($) |
Subadvisory Fee Waived and/or Expenses Reimbursed ($)* |
Net Subadvisory Fee ($) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fund |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM | N/A | 45,174 | 1,555,886 | 26,532 | (26,532 | ) | 45,242 | 712,485 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund | 565,547 | 924,782 | 1,314,467 | 565,547 | 924,782 | 498,591 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bond Fund | 485,920 | 364,954 | 344,215 | 146,746 | 152,568 | 131,560 | 325,053 | 212,387 | 212,656 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund | 582,283 | 439,200 | 624,624 | 52,772 | 56,345 | 55,793 | 79,150 | 70,134 | 74,884 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EM Debt Fund | N/A | N/A | 6,180 | 126,887 | 110,058 | 102,404 | 546,750 | 439,449 | 534,941 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EM Equity Income Fund | N/A | N/A | (12,880 | ) | 17,656 | (11,477 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | N/A | N/A | 130,677 | 14,687 | (12,880 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund | 4,924,013 | 4,855,087 | 4,605,820 | 4,924,014 | 4,855,086 | 4,605,820 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Commodities Fund | N/A | (15,708 | ) | 78,567 | 42,263 | 18,808 | (15,708 | ) | 78,567 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Dividend Fund | 256,703 | 226,324 | 249,130 | 256,703 | 226,320 | 249,130 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Opportunities Fund | 222,447 | 224,167 | 340,407 | 23,909 | 38,039 | 2,441 | 222,447 | 224,156 | 341,738 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | N/A | (3,896 | ) | 496,218 | 29,790 | (3,718 | ) | 215,227 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Real Estate Fund | 10,928 | 20,851 | 46,275 | 45,403 | 43,161 | 49,171 | (34,476 | ) | (22,311 | ) | (2,896 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater Asia Fund | (9,910 | ) | (4,843 | ) | (23,580 | ) | 50,554 | 63,937 | 66,205 | (10,952 | ) | (4,844 | ) | (23,580 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Greater European Fund | (13,831 | ) | (19,217 | ) | (14,892 | ) | 39,733 | 41,739 | 39,116 | (13,831 | ) | (19,327 | ) | (14,892 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Herzfeld Fund | N/A | N/A | (12,880 | ) | 12,362 | (12,028 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
High Yield Fund | 302,580 | 327,913 | 313,342 | 72,573 | 79,502 | 302,581 | 255,340 | 233,841 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
International Equity Fund | (7,772 | ) | 17,794 | 59,792 | 8,154 | 52,821 | 25,425 | (7,772 | ) | 17,795 | 59,793 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
International Real Estate Fund | 140,389 | 152,033 | 140,231 | 36,298 | 41,236 | 47,865 | 104,091 | 110,798 | 92,366 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
International Small-Cap Fund | N/A | N/A | 999 | 15,034 | (14,035 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund | 519,460 | 561,498 | 849,518 | 547,509 | 624,932 | 849,519 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | 6,248,260 | 8,527,099 | 12,588,316 | 6,582,621 | 9,511,507 | 12,588,316 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | 65,069 | 6,255,617 | 22,799,913 | 11,926 | (11,926 | ) | 65,069 | 6,284,145 | 9,771,391 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real Estate Fund | 3,321,121 | 3,984,074 | 4,458,206 | 3,321,121 | 3,984,074 | 4,458,206 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund | 350,567 | 897,256 | 1,234,950 | (28,980 | ) | (21,328 | ) | 379,547 | 1,030,916 | 1,234,950 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wealth Masters Fund | N/A | N/A | (14,420 | ) | 14,710 | (14,421 | ) |
Administrator
Effective January 1, 2013, Virtus Fund Services, LLC is the administrator of the Trust. Prior to January 1, 2013, VP Distributors served as the administrator of the Trust. Virtus Fund Services and VP Distributors are indirect, wholly-owned subsidiaries of Virtus and affiliates of the Adviser. For its services as administrator for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2012, VP Distributors received, and for its services as administrator as of the date of
92
this SAI Virtus Fund Services is entitled to receive, an administration fee based upon the average net assets across all non-money market series of the Virtus Mutual Funds at the following annual rates:
First $15 billion | 0.10 | % | ||
$15+ billion to $30 billion | 0.095 | % | ||
$30+ billion to $50 billion | 0.09 | % | ||
Greater than $50 billion | 0.085 | % |
For the money market funds, the fee is 0.015% of the average net assets across all Virtus money market funds within Virtus Mutual Funds. From April 14, 2010 until December 31, 2010, the fee was based upon the average net assets across all non-money market series of the Virtus Mutual Funds at the annual rate of 0.10%.
For the purposes of applying the fee breakpoints, the Virtus Mutual Funds average net assets may be aggregated with the average net assets of the series of VVIT.
Prior to April 14, 2010, VP Distributors was paid at the following incremental annual rates (based upon average net assets across all non-money market series of Virtus Mutual Funds):
First 5 billion | 0.09 | % | ||
$5 billion to $15 billion | 0.08 | % | ||
Greater than $15 billion | 0.07 | % |
For the Money Market Funds, the fee was 0.015% of the average net assets across all Virtus Money Market Funds within the Virtus Mutual Funds.
The following table shows the dollar amount of fees paid to VP Distributors for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2010, 2011 and 2012, for its administrative services with respect to each Fund.
Administration Fee ($) |
||||||||||||
Fund |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
|||||||||
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM | N/A | 13,038 | 195,493 | |||||||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund | 306,001 | 461,077 | 446,388 | |||||||||
Bond Fund | 210,383 | 161,330 | 150,726 | |||||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund | 91,940 | 72,583 | 71,201 | |||||||||
EM Debt Fund | N/A | N/A | 1,622 | |||||||||
EM Equity Income Fund | N/A | N/A | 339 | |||||||||
CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | 59,358 | 55,572 | 57,079 | |||||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund | 1,179,205 | 1,139,810 | 1,067,456 | |||||||||
Global Commodities Fund | N/A | 5,305 | 19,205 | |||||||||
Global Dividend Fund | 79,252 | 68,979 | 75,510 | |||||||||
Global Opportunities Fund | 58,768 | 61,054 | 79,771 | |||||||||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | N/A | 4,736 | 64,310 | |||||||||
Global Real Estate Fund | 2,663 | 4,363 | 10,721 | |||||||||
Greater Asia Fund | 8,098 | 11,264 | 8,330 | |||||||||
Greater European Fund | 6,117 | 4,729 | 5,477 | |||||||||
Herzfeld Fund | N/A | N/A | 66 | |||||||||
High Yield Fund | 94,283 | 100,185 | 94,932 | |||||||||
International Equity Fund | 90 | 16,319 | 19,702 | |||||||||
International Real Estate Fund | 28,555 | 29,820 | 27,593 | |||||||||
International Small-Cap Fund | N/A | N/A | 197 | |||||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund | 204,529 | 226,340 | 304,300 | |||||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | 2,690,234 | 3,887,424 | 5,183,453 | |||||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | 13,777 | 1,139,474 | 2,918,021 | |||||||||
Real Estate Fund | 918,516 | 1,065,033 | 1,184,464 | |||||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund | 123,292 | 335,611 | 406,484 | |||||||||
Wealth Masters Fund | N/A | N/A | 67 |
Sub-administrative and Accounting Agent
The Trust has entered into an agreement with BNY Mellon, 301 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, DE 19809, pursuant to which BNY Mellon acts as sub-administrative and accounting agent of the Trust. For its services in this capacity, BNY Mellon receives a fee based on the average net assets across all Non-Money Market Funds within the Virtus Mutual Funds at the following incremental rates:
First $15 billion | 0.0358 | % | ||
Over $15 billion | 0.025 | % |
93
For the money market Funds, the fee is 0.02% of the average net assets across all Virtus money market Funds within the Virtus Mutual Funds. For the purposes of applying the fee breakpoints, the Virtus Mutual Funds average net assets may be aggregated with the average net assets of an affiliated fund complex for which Virtus Fund Services acts as administrator.
Distributor
VP Distributors, a broker-dealer registered with the FINRA and which is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus and an affiliate of the Adviser and certain subadvisers, serves as distributor of the Funds shares. The principal office of VP Distributors is located at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, Connecticut 06103. George R. Aylward, Kevin J. Carr and Nancy J. Engberg, each serve as an officer of the Trust and as an officer for the Distributor.
The Trust and VP Distributors have entered into an underwriting agreement under which VP Distributors has agreed to use its best efforts to find purchasers for Trust shares and the Trust has granted to VP Distributors the exclusive right to purchase from the Funds and resell, as principal, shares needed to fill unconditional orders for Fund shares. VP Distributors may sell Fund shares through its registered representatives or through securities dealers with whom it has sales agreements. VP Distributors may also sell Fund shares pursuant to sales agreements entered into with bank-affiliated securities brokers who, acting as agent for their customers, place orders for Fund shares with VP Distributors. It is not anticipated that termination of sales agreements with banks and bank affiliated securities brokers would result in a loss to their customers or a change in the NAV per share of a Fund of the Trust.
For its services under the underwriting agreement, VP Distributors receives sales charges on transactions in Fund shares and retains such charges less the portion thereof allowed to its registered representatives and to securities dealers and securities brokers with whom it has sales agreements. In addition, VP Distributors may receive payments from the Trust pursuant to the Distribution Plans described below.
During the fiscal years ended September 30, 2010, 2011 and 2012, purchasers of shares of the Funds paid aggregate sales charges of $5,414,177, $19,521,199 and $13,430,937 respectively, of which the Distributor received net commissions of $949,429, $1,720,109 and $2,178,972 respectively, for its services, the balance being paid to dealers. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2012, the Distributor received net commissions of $1,308,911 for Class A Shares and $108,417 for Class T Shares and deferred sales charges of $352,524 for Class A Shares, $12,262 for Class B Shares and $396,858 for Class C Shares.
The Distribution Agreement may be terminated at any time by 60 days written notice, without payment of a penalty, by the Distributor, by vote of a majority of the appropriate Class of outstanding voting securities of the Funds, or by vote of a majority of the Trusts Trustees who are not parties to the Distribution Agreement or interested persons of any party and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Distribution Plan or in any related agreements. The Distribution Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment, as defined in Section 2(a)(4) of the 1940 Act.
The following table shows the dollar amount of sales charges paid to VP Distributors for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2010, 2011, and 2012, with respect to sales of Class A Shares of each Fund and the amount of sales charges retained by the distributor and not reallowed to other persons. There were no sales charges paid to the distributor with respect to Class A Shares of the Funds not mentioned below. There were no sales charges paid to the distributor with respect to Class A Shares of the Funds not mentioned below. However, for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2012, shareholders of the Bond Fund, Foreign Opportunities Fund, Global Opportunities Fund, High Yield Fund and Premium AlphaSector Fund and paid Class A deferred sales charges of $39, $357, $242,151, $203 and $61,852, respectively.
Aggregate Underwriting Commissions ($) |
Amount Retained by the
|
Amount Reallowed ($) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM | 81,266 | 232,724 | 1,151,003 | 10,683 | 29,625 | 146,841 | 70,583 | 203,099 | 1,004,162 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
AlphaSector TM Rotation Fund | 2,017,724 | 708,213 | 381,053 | 251,742 | 84,843 | 49,431 | 1,765,982 | 623,370 | 331,622 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bond Fund | 38,926 | 40,783 | 43,005 | 11,991 | 5,055 | 5,908 | 26,935 | 35,728 | 37,097 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | 7,475 | 2,729 | 2,000 | 2,178 | 453 | 232 | 5,297 | 2,276 | 1,768 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund | 16,847 | 1,388 | 578,546 | 2,007 | 184 | 54,667 | 14,840 | 1,204 | 523,879 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund | 106,480 | 90,273 | 153,691 | 13,386 | 17,575 | 23,315 | 93,094 | 72,698 | 130,376 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Commodities Fund | | 2,351 | 1,777 | | 367 | 232 | | 1,984 | 1,545 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Dividend Fund | 44,875 | 67,038 | 181,508 | 5,817 | 7,694 | 25,012 | 39,058 | 59,344 | 156,496 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Opportunities Fund | 9,924 | 6,893 | 183,701 | 1,619 | 1,231 | 5,069 | 8,305 | 5,662 | 178,632 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | | 43,609 | 122,092 | | 5,458 | 16,166 | | 38,151 | 105,926 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Real Estate Fund | 1,923 | 13,709 | 46,468 | 305 | 1,820 | 5,805 | 1,618 | 11,889 | 40,663 |
94
Aggregate Underwriting Commissions ($) |
Amount Retained by the
|
Amount Reallowed ($) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater Asia Fund | 4,507 | 5,263 | 402 | 552 | 881 | 55 | 3,955 | 4,382 | 347 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater European Fund | 287 | 493 | 5,426 | 37 | 63 | 722 | 250 | 430 | 4,704 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Herzfeld Fund | | | 200 | | | 25 | | | 175 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
High Yield Fund | 158,552 | 76,777 | 60,499 | 24,471 | 12,909 | 12,658 | 134,081 | 63,868 | 47,841 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
International Equity Fund | | 78 | 947 | | 9 | 100 | | 69 | 847 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
International Real Estate Fund | 420 | 23,507 | 11,518 | 57 | 2,930 | 1,464 | 363 | 20,577 | 10,054 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund |
299,076 | 273,398 | 381,608 | 34,831 | 36,072 | 54,261 | 264,245 | 237,326 | 327,347 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund |
1,411,040 | 1,582,602 | 1,801,816 | 119,427 | 116,962 | 144,005 | 1,291,613 | 1,465,640 | 1,657,811 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund | 294,788 | 7,244,684 | 5,527,545 | 36,317 | 841,938 | 672,174 | 258,471 | 6,402,746 | 4,855,371 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real Estate Fund | 224,142 | 472,925 | 536,163 | 31,455 | 60,613 | 68,200 | 192,687 | 412,312 | 467,963 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund | 536,132 | 692,729 | 140,373 | 53,342 | 86,448 | 13,912 | 482,790 | 606,281 | 126,461 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wealth Masters Fund | | | 256 | | | | | | 256 |
Dealer Concessions
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund
Amount of Transaction at Offering Price |
Sales Charge as Percentage of Offering Price |
Sales Charge as Percentage of Net Amount Invested |
Dealer Discount or Agency Fee as Percentage of Offering Price |
|||||||||
Under $50,000 | 2.25 | % | 2.30 | % | 2.00 | % | ||||||
$50,000 but under $100,000 | 1.25 | 1.27 | 1.00 | |||||||||
$100,000 but under $500,000 | 1.00 | 1.01 | 1.00 | |||||||||
$500,000 but under $1,000,000 | 0.75 | 0.76 | 0.75 | |||||||||
$1,000,000 or more | None | None | None |
CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund and Senior Floating Rate Fund
Amount of Transaction at Offering Price |
Sales Charge as Percentage of Offering Price |
Sales Charge as Percentage of Amount Invested |
Dealer Discount or Agency Fee as Percentage of Offering Price |
|||||||||
Under $50,000 | 2.75 | % | 2.83 | % | 2.25 | % | ||||||
$50,000 but under $100,000 | 2.25 | 2.30 | 2.00 | |||||||||
$100,000 but under $250,000 | 1.75 | 1.78 | 1.50 | |||||||||
$250,000 but under $500,000 | 1.25 | 1.27 | 1.00 | |||||||||
$500,000 but under $1,000,000 | 1.00 | 1.01 | 1.00 | |||||||||
$1,000,000 or more | None | None | None |
Bond Fund, Disciplined Bond Fund, EM Debt Fund, High Yield Fund and Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund
Amount of Transaction at Offering Price |
Sales Charge as Percentage of Offering Price |
Sales Charge as Percentage of Amount Invested |
Dealer Discount or Agency Fee as Percentage of Offering Price |
|||||||||
Under $50,000 | 3.75 | % | 3.90 | % | 3.25 | % | ||||||
$50,000 but under $100,000 | 3.50 | 3.63 | 3.00 | |||||||||
$100,000 but under $250,000 | 3.25 | % | 3.36 | % | 2.75 | % | ||||||
$250,000 but under $500,000 | 2.25 | 2.30 | 2.00 | |||||||||
$500,000 but under $1,000,000 | 1.75 | 1.78 | 1.50 | |||||||||
$1,000,000 or more | None | None | None |
95
Equity Funds, AlphaSector SM Funds and Alternatives Diversifier Fund
Amount of Transaction at Offering Price |
Sales Charge as Percentage of Offering Price |
Sales Charge as Percentage of Amount Invested |
Dealer Discount or Agency Fee as Percentage of Offering Price |
|||||||||
Under $50,000 | 5.75 | % | 6.10 | % | 5.00 | % | ||||||
$50,000 but under $100,000 | 4.75 | 4.99 | 4.25 | |||||||||
$100,000 but under $250,000 | 3.75 | 3.90 | 3.25 | |||||||||
$250,000 but under $500,000 | 2.75 | 2.83 | 2.25 | |||||||||
$500,000 but under $1,000,000 | 2.00 | 2.04 | 1.75 | |||||||||
$1,000,000 or more | None | None | None |
With respect to Class C Shares, the Distributor intends to pay investment dealers a sales commission of 1% of the sale price of Class C Shares sold by such dealers. With respect to Class C Shares and Class T Shares of the Short Term Bond Fund, the Distributor does not pay a sales commission on Class C Shares and intends to pay investment dealers a sales commission of 1% of the sale price of Class T Shares sold by such dealers. This sales commission will not be paid to dealers for sales of Class C Shares purchased by 401(k) participants of the Merrill Lynch Daily K Plan (the Plan) due to a waiver of the CDSC for these Plan participants purchases. Your broker, dealer or financial advisor may also charge you additional commissions or fees for their services in selling shares to you provided they notify the Distributor of their intention to do so.
Dealers and other entities who enter into special arrangements with the Distributor may receive compensation for the sale and promotion of shares of the Trust and/or for providing other shareholder services. Such fees are in addition to the sales commissions referenced above and may be based upon the amount of sales of fund shares by a dealer; the provision of assistance in marketing of fund shares; access to sales personnel and information dissemination services; provision of recordkeeping and administrative services to qualified employee benefit plans; and other criteria as established by the Distributor. Depending on the nature of the services, these fees may be paid either from the Trust through distribution fees, service fees or transfer agent fees or in some cases, the Distributor may pay certain fees from its own profits and resources.
From its own profits and resources, the Distributor may, from time to time, make payments to qualified wholesalers, registered financial institutions and third party marketers for marketing support services and/or retention of assets. Among others, the Distributor has agreed to make such payments for marketing support services to AXA Advisors, LLC. Additionally, for Virtus fixed income funds, AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund and Disciplined Bond Fund the Distributor may pay broker-dealers a finders fee in an amount equal to 0.50% of eligible Class A Share purchases from $1,000,000 to $3,000,000 and 0.25% on amounts greater than $3,000,000. For all other Virtus Mutual Funds, the Distributor may pay broker-dealers a finders fee in an amount equal to 1.00% of eligible Class A Share purchases from $1,000,000 to $3,000,000, 0.50% on amounts of $3,000,001 to $10,000,000, and 0.25% on amounts greater than $10,000,000. Purchases by an account in the name of a qualified employee benefit plan are eligible for a finders fee only if such plan has at least 100 eligible employees. A CDSC may be imposed on certain redemptions of such investments within 18 months of purchase. For all Virtus fixed income funds, AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund and Disciplined Bond Fund, the CDSC is 0.50%; for all other Virtus Mutual Funds, the CDSC is 1.00%. For purposes of determining the applicability of the CDSC, the 18-month period begins on the last day of the month preceding the month in which the purchase was made. The Distributor will also pay broker-dealers a service fee of 0.25% beginning in the thirteenth month following purchase of Class A Shares on which a finders fee has been paid. VP Distributors reserves the right to discontinue or alter such fee payment plans at any time.
From its own resources or pursuant to the Trusts Distribution Plan, and subject to the dealers prior approval, the Distributor may provide additional compensation to registered representatives of dealers in the form of travel expenses, meals, and lodging associated with training and educational meetings sponsored by the Distributor. The Distributor may also provide gifts amounting in value to less than $100, and occasional meals or entertainment, to registered representatives of dealers. Any such travel expenses, meals, lodging, gifts or entertainment paid will not be preconditioned upon the registered representatives or dealers achievement of a sales target. The Distributor may, from time to time, re-allow the entire portion of the sales charge on Class A Shares which it normally retains to individual selling dealers. However, such additional reallowance generally will be made only when the selling dealer commits to substantial marketing support such as internal wholesaling through dedicated personnel, internal communications and mass mailings.
96
The Distributor has agreed to pay fees to certain distributors for preferred marketing opportunities. These arrangements may be viewed as creating a conflict of interest between these distributors and investors. Investors should make due inquiry of their selling agents to ensure that they are receiving the requisite point of sale disclosures and suitable recommendations free of any influence by reason of these arrangements.
Custodian
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., One Chase Manhattan Plaza, 19 th Floor, New York, NY 10005, serves as the custodian (the Custodian) of the Funds assets. The Custodian designated by the Board of Trustees holds the securities in the Funds portfolios and other assets for safe keeping. The Custodian does not and will not participate in making investment decisions for the Funds. The Trust has authorized the Custodian to appoint one or more sub-custodians for the assets of the Funds held outside the United States. The securities and other assets of each Fund are held by its Custodian or any sub-custodian separate from the securities and assets of each other Fund.
Transfer Agent and Sub-Transfer Agent
Effective January 1, 2013, Virtus Fund Services acts as transfer agent for the Trust. Prior to January 1, 2013, VP Distributors served as the transfer agent. Pursuant to a Transfer Agent and Service Agreement, Virtus Fund Services receives a fee, based on the average net assets across all series of Virtus Mutual Funds at an annual rate ranging from 0.045% to 0.0025%, depending on asset class. Virtus Fund Services is authorized to engage subagents to perform certain shareholder servicing functions from time to time for which such agents shall be paid a fee by Virtus Fund Services or the Funds. Pursuant to an agreement among the Trust, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon, BNY Mellon serves as sub-transfer agent to perform certain shareholder servicing functions for the Funds. For performing such services, BNY Mellon receives a monthly fee from the Funds. Fees paid by the Funds, in addition to the fee paid to Virtus Fund Services, will be reviewed and approved by the Board of Trustees.
Legal Counsel to the Trust and the Independent Trustees
Sullivan & Worcester, LLP, 1666 K Street, NW Washington, DC 20006, acts as legal counsel to the Trust and its Independent Trustees and reviews certain legal matters for the Trust in connection with the shares offered by the Prospectus.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP serves as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Trust. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP audits the Trusts annual financial statements and expresses an opinion thereon. The independent registered public accounting firm also provides other accounting and tax-related services as requested by the Trust from time to time.
The Trust has adopted a distribution plan for each class of shares (except Class I Shares) (i.e., a plan for the Class A Shares, a plan for the Class B Shares, a plan for the Class C Shares and a plan for the Class T Shares; collectively, the Plans) in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, to compensate the Distributor for the services it provides and for the expenses it bears under the Underwriting Agreement. Each class of shares pays a service fee at a rate of 0.25% per annum of the average daily net assets of such class of the Fund and a distribution fee based on average daily net assets at a rate of 0.75% per annum for Class B Shares (0.55% for the Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund), at a rate of 0.75% per annum for Class C Shares (0.25% for the Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund), and at a rate of 0.75% per annum for Class T Shares.
Expenditures under the Plans may consist of: (i) commissions to sales personnel for selling shares of the Fund (including underwriting fees and financing expenses incurred in connection with the payment of commissions); (ii) compensation, sales incentives and payments to sales, marketing and service personnel; (iii) payments to broker-dealers and other financial institutions which have entered into agreements with the Distributor in the form of the Dealer Agreement for Virtus Mutual Funds for services rendered in connection with the sale and distribution of shares of the Fund; (iv) payment of expenses incurred in sales and promotional activities, including advertising expenditures related to the Fund; (v) the costs of preparing and distributing promotional materials; (vi) the cost of printing the Funds Prospectuses and SAI for distribution to potential investors; (vii) expenses related to the cost of financing or providing such financing from the Distributors or an affiliates resources in connection with the Distributors payment of such distribution expenses; and (viii) such other similar services that the Trustees determine are reasonably calculated to result in the sale of shares of the Fund. From the fees received, the Distributor expects to pay a quarterly fee to qualifying broker-dealer firms, as compensation for providing personal services and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts, with respect to shares sold by such firms. In the case
97
of shares of the Funds being sold to an affiliated fund of funds, fees payable under the Plans shall be paid to the distributor of the fund of funds. This fee will not exceed on an annual basis 0.25% of the average annual NAV of such shares, and will be in addition to sales charges on Fund shares which are re-allowed to such firms. To the extent that the entire amount of the fees received is not paid to such firms, the balance will serve as compensation for personal and account maintenance services furnished by the Distributor. The Distributor also pays to dealers an additional compensation with respect to Class C Shares at the rate of 0.75% of the average annual NAV of that class.
In order to receive payments under the Plans, participants must meet such qualifications to be established in the sole discretion of the Distributor, such as services to the Funds shareholders; or services providing the Funds with more efficient methods of offering shares to coherent groups of clients, members or prospects of a participant; or services permitting bulking of purchases or sales, or transmission of such purchases or sales by computerized tape or other electronic equipment; or other processing.
On a quarterly basis, the Funds Board of Trustees reviews a report on expenditures under the Plans and the purposes for which expenditures were made. The Trustees conduct an additional, more extensive review annually in determining whether the Plans will be continued. By its terms, continuation of the Plans from year to year is contingent on annual approval by a majority of the Funds Trustees and by a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plans or any related agreements (the Plan Trustees). The Plans provide that they may not be amended to increase materially the costs which the Funds may bear pursuant to the Plans without approval of the shareholders of that class of the Funds and that other material amendments to the Plans must be approved by a majority of the Plan Trustees by vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of considering such amendments. The Plans further provide that while they are in effect, the selection and nomination of Trustees who are not interested persons shall be committed to the discretion of the Trustees who are not interested persons. The Plans may be terminated at any time by vote of the Plan Trustees or a majority of the outstanding shares of the relevant class of the Funds.
For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2012, the Funds paid Rule 12b-1 fees in the amount of $37,525,976, of which the Distributor received $26,977,004 and unaffiliated broker-dealers received $10,548,972. The Rule 12b-1 payments were used for (1) compensation to dealers, $36,059,621; (2) compensation to sales personnel, $12,190,903; (3) advertising, $1,618,805; (4) printing and mailing of prospectuses to other than current shareholders, $346,527; and (5) other, $369,022.
No interested person of the Funds other than the Distributor and no Trustee who is not an interested person of the Funds, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, has had any direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plans or related agreements.
The Board of Trustees has also adopted a Plan pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act permitting the issuance of shares in multiple classes.
FINRA regards certain distribution fees as asset-based sales charges subject to FINRA sales load limits. FINRAs maximum sales charge rule may require the Board of Trustees to suspend distribution fees or amend the Plans. In order to address this issue, the Distributor has contractually agreed with respect to the Rule 12b-1 Plan applicable to Class C Shares of the AlphaSector SM Funds, the Disciplined Funds and the Low Volatility Fund to waive its fees to the extent that such funds investments in underlying ETFs with their own 12b-1 fees would otherwise cause the funds to exceed the applicable limits.
Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers and Potential Conflicts of Interest
As described in each Funds prospectuses, the portfolio manager(s) who are responsible for the Funds are:
Fund |
Portfolio Manager(s) |
|
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund |
Howard Present
Amy Robinson |
|
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund |
Howard Present
Amy Robinson |
|
Alternatives Diversifier Fund |
David Dickerson
Carlton Neel |
|
Bond Fund |
David L. Albrycht
Christopher J. Kelleher |
98
Fund |
Portfolio Manager(s) |
|
CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | Timothy M. Heaney | |
Disciplined Equity Style Fund |
Corey Hoffstein
Amy Robinson |
|
Disciplined Select Bond Fund |
Corey Hoffstein
Amy Robinson |
|
Disciplined Select Country Fund |
Corey Hoffstein
Amy Robinson |
|
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund |
Howard Present
Amy Robinson |
|
Emerging Markets Debt Fund |
David L. Albrycht,
Stephen H. Hooker Daniel P. Senecal |
|
Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund |
James Collery
David Hogarty Ian Madden Gareth Maher |
|
Foreign Opportunities Fund | Rajiv Jain | |
Global Commodities Fund |
David G. M. Coxe
Ernesto Ramos |
|
Global Dividend Fund |
Connie M. Luecke
Randle L. Smith |
|
Global Opportunities Fund |
Matthew Benkendorf
Rajiv Jain |
|
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund |
Howard Present
Amy Robinson |
|
Global Real Estate Fund |
Geoffrey P. Dybas
Frank J. Haggerty |
|
Greater Asia Fund |
Brian Bandsma
Rajiv Jain |
|
Greater European Fund |
Matthew Benkendorf
Rajiv Jain Daniel Kranson |
|
Herzfeld Fund |
Cecilia L. Gondor
Erik M. Herzfeld Thomas J. Herzfeld |
|
High Yield Fund |
David L. Albrycht
Kyle A. Jennings Francesco Ossino Jonathan R. Stanley |
|
International Equity Fund | Frederick A. Brimberg | |
International Real Estate Fund |
Geoffrey P. Dybas
Frank J. Haggerty |
|
International Small-Cap Fund |
Craig Stone
Craig Thrasher |
|
Low Volatility Equity Fund |
Brendan R. Finneran
Robert F. Hofeman, Jr. |
99
Fund |
Portfolio Manager(s) |
|
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund | David L. Albrycht | |
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | David L. Albrycht | |
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund |
Howard Present
Amy Robinson |
|
Real Estate Fund |
Geoffrey P. Dybas
Frank J. Haggerty |
|
Senior Floating Rate Fund |
David L. Albrycht
Kyle A. Jennings Francesco Ossino |
|
Wealth Masters Fund |
Murray Stahl
Matthew Houk |
There may be certain inherent conflicts of interest that arise in connection with the portfolio managers management of a Funds investments and the investments of any other accounts they manage. Such conflicts could include the aggregation of orders for all accounts managed by a particular portfolio manager, the allocation of purchases across all such accounts, the allocation of IPOs and any soft dollar arrangements that the relevant subadviser may have in place that could benefit the Funds and/or such other accounts. The Board of Trustees has adopted on behalf of the Funds policies and procedures designed to address any such conflicts of interest to ensure that all transactions are executed in the best interest of the Funds shareholders. Each subadviser is required to certify its compliance with these procedures to the Board of Trustees on a quarterly basis. There have been no material compliance issues with respect to any of these policies and procedures during the Funds most recent fiscal year. Additionally, any conflicts of interest between the investment strategies of a Fund and the investment strategies of other accounts managed by portfolio managers are not expected to be material since portfolio managers generally manage funds and other accounts having similar investment strategies.
The following table provides information as of September 30, 2012, regarding all accounts managed by the portfolio managers and portfolio management team members for each of the funds as named in the prospectus. In the table, Registered Investment Companies include all open and closed-end mutual funds. Pooled Investment Vehicles (PIVs) include, but are not limited to, securities of issuers exempt from registration under Section 3(c) of the Investment Company Act, such as private placements and hedge funds. Other accounts would include, but are not limited to, individual managed accounts, separate accounts, institutional accounts, pension funds, collateralized bond obligations and collateralized debt obligations. The portfolio managers managing the Funds may also manage or be members of management teams for other Virtus Mutual Funds or other similar accounts.
Registered Investment
Companies |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
(PIVs) |
Other
Accounts |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Portfolio Manager |
Number
|
Total
|
Number
|
Total Assets |
Number
|
Total
|
||||||||||||||||||
David L. Albrycht | 6 | $ | 787 million | None | N/A | None | N/A | |||||||||||||||||
Matthew Benkendorf | 1 | $ | 27.3 million | 2 | $ | 762 million | 1 | $ | 400 million | |||||||||||||||
James Collery | 2 | $ | 113.4 million | 9 | $ | 527.5 million | 12 | $ | 1.1 billion | |||||||||||||||
Donald G. M. Coxe | 1 | $ | 19 million | 3 | $ | 244 million | 10 | $ | 164 million | |||||||||||||||
David Dickerson | 8 | $ | 1.8 billion | None | N/A | None | N/A | |||||||||||||||||
Geoffrey Dybas (1) | 1 | $ | 3.3 billion | 1 | $ | 48.2 million | 11 | $ | 295.3 million | |||||||||||||||
Brendan R. Finneran** | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | 149 | 652 million | ||||||||||||||||
Cecilia Gondor | 1 | $ | 1.1 million | None | N/A | None | N/A | |||||||||||||||||
Frank J. Haggerty, Jr. (1) | 1 | $ | 3.3 billion | 1 | $ | 48.2 million | 11 | $ | 295.3 million | |||||||||||||||
Timothy M. Heaney | 1 | $ | 337 million | None | N/A | 21 | $ | 186 million | ||||||||||||||||
Erik Herzfeld | 2 | $ | 31.8 million | None | N/A | 218 | $ | 121.2 million | ||||||||||||||||
Thomas J. Herzfeld | 2 | $ | 31.8 million | None | N/A | 218 | $ | 121.2 million |
100
Registered Investment
Companies |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
(PIVs) |
Other
Accounts |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Portfolio Manager |
Number
|
Total
|
Number
|
Total Assets |
Number
|
Total
|
||||||||||||||||||
Robert F. Hofeman, Jr.** | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | 148 | $ | 648 million | |||||||||||||||
Corey Hoffstein* | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
David Hogarty | 2 | $ | 113.4 million | 9 | $ | 527.5 million | 12 | $ | 1.1 billion | |||||||||||||||
Stephen H. Hooker | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Matthew Houk | 1 | $ | 82 million | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Rajiv Jain (2) | 4 | $ | 745 million | 14 | $ | 7.7 billion | 34 | $ | 12.4 billion | |||||||||||||||
Kyle A. Jennings | 1 | $ | 371 million | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Christopher J. Kelleher | 1 | $ | 71 million | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Connie M. Luecke (4) | 1 | $ | 160.7 million | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Ian Madden | 2 | $ | 113.4 million | 9 | $ | 527.5 million | 12 | $ | 1.1 billion | |||||||||||||||
Gareth Maher | 2 | $ | 113.4 million | 9 | $ | 527.5 million | 12 | $ | 1.1 billion | |||||||||||||||
Carlton Neel | 8 | $ | 1.8 billion | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Francesco Ossino | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Howard Present | 8 | $ | 4.8 billion | 6 | $ | 169 million | 141 | $ | 3.5 billion | |||||||||||||||
Ernesto Ramos | 2 | $ | 221 million | 6 | $ | 478 million | 14 | $ | 355 million | |||||||||||||||
Amy Robinson | 6 | $ | 4.8 billion | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Daniel Senecal | 1 | $ | 371 million | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Randle L. Smith (4) | 1 | $ | 160.7 million | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Murray Stahl (3) | 10 | $ | 1.4 billion | 22 | $ | 1.1 billion | 691 | $ | 1.6 billion | |||||||||||||||
Jonathan R. Stanley | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Craig Stone | 4 | $ | 401 million | None | $ | 0 | 326 | $ | 1.6 billion | |||||||||||||||
Craig Thrasher | 1 | $ | 5 million | None | $ | 0 | None | $ | 0 |
* |
As of December 10, 2012 |
*** |
As of March 31, 2013 |
(1) |
Mr. Dybas and Mr. Haggerty are Portfolio Managers for a closed-end registered investment company with $3.3 billion in assets of which $97.7 million are preferred REIT securities. |
(2) |
Mr. Jain is Portfolio Manager for one account which has a performance based fee. The value of the account as of September 30, 2012 was $191 million. |
(3) |
Mr. Stahl is Portfolio Manager for 20 pooled investment vehicles totaling $936 million and 6 other advisory accounts totaling $220 million that have a performance based fee. |
(4) |
Ms. Luecke and Mr. Smith are Portfolio Managers for a closed-end registered investment company with $160.7 million in assets of which $99.3 million are equity infrastructure securities. |
Portfolio Manager Compensation
BMO Asset Management
The compensation program for investment professionals of BMO AM, including the portfolio managers of the Fund, is designed to provide a total compensation package that (a) serves to align employees interests with those of their clients, and (b) helps management to attract and retain high quality investment professionals.
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All investment professionals are compensated through a combination of a fixed base salary and bonus. Senior management retains a national compensation consultant to undertake a study, at least annually, to determine appropriate levels of base compensation for the firms investment professionals. Bonus amounts are determined by many factors including: the pre-tax investment performance of the portfolio manager compared to the performance of benchmarks relevant to their managed investment strategies and performance of a peer group of funds and investment managers over a rolling one- and three-year performance period. The relevant benchmarks and peer groups for the Funds are set forth below:
Fund |
Performance Benchmark |
|
Global Commodities Fund | MSCI ACW Commodity Producers Sector Capped Index |
Additional factors include each individuals contributions to the success of the firm, and certain other factors at the discretion of senior management. The objective with regard to each component of compensation is to provide competitive compensation to investment professionals.
BMO AM has maintained a deferred incentive compensation program (nonqualified plan) which provides that certain key employees (currently, those who have been designated a Partner or Senior Partner of BMO AM, and including portfolio managers, analysts, and certain non-investment personnel) are granted incentive awards annually, payment of which must be deferred to a future date. Awards through the end of fiscal year 2010 were invested in BMO AMs managed funds and vest three years from the end of the specific year for which the awards were granted. Awards are payable to participants based on the provisions of the program and the elections of the participants. Beginning in 2011, deferred awards are delivered as Restricted Share Units (RSUs) that reflect the performance of Bank of Montreal common shares on the TSX and earn dividend equivalents in the form of additional units. Also, for key employees, including all senior investment professionals and management direct reports to the President & CEO of BMO AM, a portion of their deferred award is delivered as a Sustained Growth Award (SGA) that has business specific (i.e. BMO AM) post grant performance measures that are directly tied to the longer-term performance of the managed funds and the business as a whole. The incentive pool funding metrics for both the RSU and SGA are aligned to specific business financial objectives and awards vest at the end of three years following the end of the specific year for which the awards were granted. All non-vested awards are forfeited on resignation. The purpose of the deferred programs is to reinforce specific growth objectives, reward individual performance that is focused on the longer-term success of the business, and to provide assurance to investors in managed funds/portfolios that key employees have a personal stake in the investment performance of the funds.
Coxe
Coxe is a limited liability partnership registered in the State of Illinois. Donald Coxe is founder, Managing Partner and majority owner of the firm, holding 85% of outstanding shares. Net income (and net losses) of the firm are allocated to the partners according to the partnership agreement: For his services, Mr. Coxe receives a minimum fee, hurdle amount (set by the firm annually) and the distribution of 85% net income of the firm.
Duff & Phelps, Euclid, Kayne, Newfleet, Newfound and Rampart
Virtus and certain of its affiliated investment management firms (collectively, Virtus), believe that the firms compensation program is adequate and competitive to attract and retain high-caliber investment professionals. Investment professionals at Virtus receive a competitive base salary, an incentive bonus opportunity and a benefits package. Certain professionals who supervise and manage others also participate in a management incentive program reflecting their personal contribution and team performance. Certain key individuals also have the opportunity to take advantage of a long-term incentive compensation program, including potential awards of Virtus restricted stock units (Virtus RSUs) with multi-year vesting, subject to Virtus board of directors approval. Following is a more detailed description of Virtus compensation structure.
Base Salary. Each portfolio manager is paid a fixed base salary, which is designed to be competitive in light of the individuals experience and responsibilities. Base salary is determined using compensation survey results of investment industry compensation conducted by an independent third party in evaluating competitive market compensation for its investment management professionals.
Incentive Bonus. Annual incentive payments are based on targeted compensation levels, adjusted based on profitability, investment performance factors and a subjective assessment of contribution to the team effort. The short-term incentive payment is generally paid in cash, but a portion may be made in Virtus RSUs. Individual payments are assessed using comparisons of actual investment performance with specific peer group or index
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measures. (Current benchmarks and/or peer groups are indicated in the table below.) Performance of the Funds managed is generally measured over one-, three- and five year periods and an individual managers participation is based on the performance of each Fund/account managed.
While portfolio manager compensation contains a performance component, this component is adjusted to reward investment personnel for managing within the stated framework and for not taking unnecessary risk. This approach ensures that investment management personnel remain focused on managing and acquiring securities that correspond to a Funds mandate and risk profile and are discouraged from taking on more risk and unnecessary exposure to chase performance for personal gain. Virtus believes it has appropriate controls in place to handle any potential conflicts that may result from a substantial portion of portfolio manager compensation being tied to performance.
Other benefits. Portfolio managers are also eligible to participate in broad-based plans offered generally to employees of Virtus and its affiliates, including 401(k), health and other employee benefit plans.
F-Squared Institutional and F-Squared Alternative
Howard Present is both Portfolio Manager for the AlphaSector SM Funds as well as CEO of F-Squared Institutional and F-Squared Alternative (F-Squared). His compensation includes a base salary and bonus, with the bonus comprised of both cash and equity. The determination of the bonus amount is made by the board of directors of F-Squared Investment Management LLC, parent of F-Squared, based on his responsibilities as CEO.
Herzfeld
Thomas J. Herzfeld has an employment contract with Thomas J. Herzfeld Advisors, Inc. at a fixed salary plus bonus based on the profitability of the firm. No specific formula is indicated in the contract. Thomas J. Herzfeld Advisors, Inc. is majority owned by Thomas J. Herzfeld therefore his compensation is directly related to the profitability of the firm.
The compensation of all other employees is at managements discretion and based on annual year-end reviews or more frequent reviews if requested by the employee. All key personnel are paid by salary and year-end bonus based on the profitability of the firm and the discretion of management.
Employees are paid in cash; however the firm is considering future compensation plans based on cash and stock, perhaps to be rolled out as soon as 2013.
At present, portfolio managers provide input related to their own compensation. There are currently no specific incentives related to specific portfolio performance, but rather to performance of the firm as a whole.
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Horizon
Compensation for professional and supervisory personnel for the Fund consists of a salary and discretionary bonus. Salary is typically a function of the skill and experience of the particular individual, and discretionary bonuses are based on the overall contribution to the Firm, but are not tied directly to performance. Additionally, shareholders of the Firm, some of whom are team members that will be responsible for management of the Fund, derive benefits normally associated with the ownership of a profitable corporation such as distributions of profits.
KBI
Salary KBIs compensation structure is one of the most competitive in the industry. Regular surveys of the industry are carried out to ensure that the overall remuneration package remains at the leading edge. In terms of salary, KBI uses a global benefits consulting firm to ensure our salary levels are set competitively against the wider asset management industry.
Bonus Bonuses are awarded annually. The total pool of money available for bonus payments is driven by the profitability of KBI. In terms of how this gets allocated, the majority of a portfolio managers bonus is quantitatively calculated based on relative investment performance. The balance is awarded based on the achievement of personal and team goals. Employees are obliged to take a proportion of their bonus in equity, which vests over a number of years.
Long Term Incentive Program Certain employees have been awarded parent company shares. These shares vest over a number of years and if the employees leave the shares are forfeited. While KBI does not disclose which employees hold these it is reasonable to assume that the more experienced members of the asset management team and senior management team participate in this retention package.
Pyrford
Compensation for investment professionals consists of basic remuneration, which is benchmarked to the external marketplace to ensure it remains competitive. In addition, investment personnel have a proportion of their remuneration, over and above base salary, tied to the investment performance of client accounts. The formula for each professional varies according to their level of portfolio responsibility and seniority.
Bonuses paid to investment professionals include the following additional elements:
|
Restricted Share Units (RSU). These units are linked to the value of the share price of the parent group, BMO Financial Group, and mature three years after they are granted. The units accrue dividends announced by the company and distribution is made in cash based on the final share price. |
|
Sustained Growth Award (SGA). These units are linked specifically to the performance of Pyrford, including the profitability and investment performance of the firm as a whole. The units mature three years after they are granted and the final value is determined by the business previous three year performance. |
The possibility of conflicts of interest where a manager might take undue risks to boost lagging performance is prevented through the oversight of the portfolio by the Investment Chairman and Chief Investment Officer. This oversight prevents style drift and ensures that the portfolio remains consistent with the prevailing Pyrford philosophy.
Vontobel Asset Management
The portfolio manager for the Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund is compensated by Vontobel. The portfolio managers compensation consists of two components. The first component is base salary, which is fixed. The second component of compensation is a small percentage of the gross revenues received by Vontobel which are generated by the products that the portfolio manager manages. Such incentive compensation accrues over and above specific threshold amounts of investment management fee generation of each strategy. Incentive compensation is paid quarterly in arrears. A significant portion of such incentive compensation is subject to 3 year deferrals. All amounts deferred must be invested in publicly traded mutual funds or non-registered commingled funds managed by the firm. In the case of the portfolio manager(s), amounts deferred equal approximately one years total compensation on a rolling basis. The portfolio manager does not receive any compensation directly from the Fund or the Adviser.
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Portfolio Manager Fund Ownership
The following chart sets forth the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each portfolio manager in each fund described in the funds prospectuses that he or she managed as of September 30, 2012:
Portfolio Manager |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities Beneficially Owned in Fund Managed |
|
David L. Albrycht |
Bond Fund None EM Debt Fund None High Yield Fund None
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond
Fund
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund over $1,000,000 Senior Floating Rate Fund $100,001-$500,000 |
|
Matthew Benkendorf |
Foreign Opportunities Fund $100,001-$500,000 Global Opportunities Fund $500,001-$1,000,000 Greater European Fund $100,001-$500,000 Greater Asia Fund $10,001-$50,000 |
|
James Collery |
EM Equity Income Fund None | |
Donald G. M. Coxe |
Global Commodities Fund None | |
David Dickerson |
Alternatives Diversifier Fund $50,001-$100,000 | |
Geoffrey Dybas |
Global Real Estate Fund $10,001-$50,000 International Real Estate Fund $10,001-$50,000 Real Estate Fund $50,001-$100,000 |
|
Brendan R. Finneran | Low Volatility Fund None ** | |
Cecilia L. Gondor | Herzfeld Fund None | |
Frank J. Haggerty, Jr. |
Global Real Estate Fund None International Real Estate Fund $10,001-$50,000 Real Estate Fund $10,001-$50,000 |
|
Erik M. Herzfeld | Herzfeld Fund None | |
Thomas J. Herzfeld | Herzfeld Fund None *** | |
Robert F. Hofeman, Jr. | Low Volatility Fund None ** | |
Corey Hoffstein |
Disciplined Equity Fund None * Disciplined Bond Fund None * Disciplined Country Fund None * |
|
David Hogarty | EM Equity Income Fund None | |
Stephen H. Hooker | EM Debt Fund None | |
Matthew Houk | Wealth Masters Fund None | |
Timothy M. Heaney | CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund None | |
Rajiv Jain |
Foreign Opportunities Fund Over $1,000,000 Global Opportunities Fund Over $1,000,000 Greater Asia Fund Over $1,000,000 |
|
Kyle A. Jennings |
High Yield Fund None Senior Floating Rate Fund None |
|
Christopher J. Kelleher | Bond Fund None | |
Connie M. Luecke | Global Dividend Fund $100,001-$500,000 | |
Ian Madden | EM Equity Income Fund None | |
Gareth Maher | EM Equity Income Fund None | |
Carlton Neel | Alternatives Diversifier Fund $10,001-$50,000 | |
Francesco Ossino |
High Yield Fund None Senior Floating Rate Fund $100,001-$500,000 |
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Portfolio Manager |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities Beneficially Owned in Fund Managed |
|
Howard Present |
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund None AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund None Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund None Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund None Premium AlphaSector SM Fund None |
|
Ernesto Ramos | Global Commodities Fund None | |
Amy Robinson |
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund None AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund $10,001-$50,000 Disciplined Equity Fund None * Disciplined Bond Fund None * Disciplined Country Fund None * Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund None Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund None Premium AlphaSector SM Fund $10,001-$50,000 |
|
Daniel Senecal | EM Debt Fund None | |
Randle L. Smith | Global Dividend Fund $100,001-$500,000 | |
Murray Stahl | Wealth Masters Fund None | |
Jonathan R. Stanley | High Yield Fund None | |
Craig Stone | International Small-Cap Fund None | |
Craig Thrasher | International Small-Cap Fund None |
* |
As of December 18, 2012, the effective date of the funds noted. |
** |
As of June 10, 2013, the effective date of the fund noted. |
*** |
The fund was effective on September 5, 2012 and as of the funds fiscal year and on September 30, 2013, Mr. Herzfeld did not own shares of the fund. Shortly thereafter, Mr Herzfeld began purchasing shares of the fund, and as of March 31, 2013, the dollar range of equity securities he owns of the fund is $100,001 $500,000. |
BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES
The Funds of Funds generally do not invest directly in securities, but rather invest in ETFs and shares of underlying mutual funds. The shares of the underlying affiliated mutual funds are purchased at NAV of the shares of that fund without payment of a brokerage commission or a sales charge. The shares of ETFs are purchased through broker-dealers in transactions on a securities exchange, and the Funds will pay customary brokerage commissions for each purchase and sale.
The adviser or subadvisers to the underlying mutual funds execute the portfolio transactions for their respective fund. In allocating portfolio transactions, each underlying funds adviser must comply with the brokerage and allocation procedures adopted by the board of trustees of the underlying mutual fund. The following is a discussion of the portfolio transactions and brokerage procedures of those underlying mutual funds that are affiliated with the Funds, with the exception of the Funds of Funds.
In effecting transactions for the Funds, the applicable subadviser (throughout this section, Subadviser) adheres to the Trusts policy of seeking best execution and price, determined as described below, except to the extent it is permitted to pay higher brokerage commissions for brokerage and research services as defined herein. The determination of what may constitute best execution and price in the execution of a securities transaction by a broker involves a number of considerations including, without limitation, the overall direct net economic result to the Funds (involving both price paid or received and any commissions and other costs paid), the efficiency with which the transaction is effected, the ability to effect the transaction at all where a large block is involved, availability of the broker to stand ready to execute possibly difficult transactions in the future and the financial strength and stability of the broker. Such considerations are judgmental and are weighed by the Subadviser in determining the overall reasonableness of brokerage commissions paid by the Funds.
The Subadviser may cause a Fund to pay a broker an amount of commission for effecting a securities transaction in excess of the amount of commission which another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the Subadviser determines in good faith that such amount of commission is reasonable in relation to
106
the value of the brokerage and research services provided by such broker. As provided in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, brokerage and research services include advising as to the value of securities, the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling securities, the availability of securities or purchasers or sellers of securities; furnishing analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy and the performance of accounts, and effecting securities transactions and performing functions incidental thereto (such as clearance and settlement). Brokerage and research services provided by brokers to the Funds are considered to be in addition to and not in lieu of services required to be performed by each Subadviser under its contract with the Trust and may benefit both the Funds and other accounts of the Subadviser. Conversely, brokerage and research services provided by brokers to other accounts of the Subadviser may benefit the Funds.
If the securities in which a particular Fund invests are traded primarily in the over-the-counter market, where possible the Fund will deal directly with the dealers who make a market in the securities involved unless better prices and executions are available elsewhere. Such securities may be purchased directly from the issuer. Bonds and money market instruments are generally traded on a net basis and do not normally involve either brokerage commissions or transfer taxes.
Some fund transactions are, subject to the Conduct Rules of the FINRA and to obtaining best prices and executions, effected through dealers (excluding VP Distributors) who sell shares of the Funds.
The Trust has implemented, and the Board of Trustees has approved, policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent (i) the Subadvisers personnel responsible for the selection of broker-dealers to effect fund portfolio securities transactions from taking into account, in making those decisions, a broker-dealers promotion or sales efforts, and (ii) the Trust, its Adviser, Subadvisers and Distributor from entering into any agreement or other understanding under which the Funds direct brokerage transactions or revenue generated by those transactions to a broker-dealer to pay for distribution of Fund shares. These policies and procedures are designed to prevent the Trust from entering into informal arrangements to direct portfolio securities transactions to a particular broker.
The Trust has adopted a policy and procedures governing the execution of aggregated advisory client orders (bunching procedures) in an attempt to lower commission costs on a per-share and per-dollar basis. According to the bunching procedures, a Subadviser shall aggregate transactions unless it believes in its sole discretion that such aggregation is inconsistent with its duty to seek best execution (which shall include the duty to seek best price) for the Funds. No advisory account of the Subadviser is to be favored over any other account and each account that participates in an aggregated order is expected to participate at the average share price for all transactions of the Subadviser in that security on a given business day, with all transaction costs share pro rata based on the Funds participation in the transaction. If the aggregated order is filled in its entirety, it shall be allocated among the Subadvisers accounts in accordance with the allocation order, and if the order is partially filled, it shall be allocated pro rata based on the allocation order. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the order may be allocated on a basis different from that specified in the allocation order if all accounts of the Subadviser whose orders are allocated receive fair and equitable treatment and the reason for such different allocation is explained in writing and is approved in writing by the Subadvisers compliance officer prior to the execution of the order. If an aggregated order is partially filled and allocated on a basis different from that specified in the allocation order, no account that is benefited by such different allocation may intentionally and knowingly effect any purchase or sale for a reasonable period following the execution of the aggregated order that would result in it receiving or selling more shares than the amount of shares it would have received or sold had the aggregated order been completely filled. The Board of Trustees will review these procedures from time to time as they deem appropriate.
Securities of Regular Broker-Dealers . The Funds are required to identify the securities of their regular brokers or dealers (as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act) or their parent companies held by the Funds as of the close of their most recent fiscal year. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, the Funds acquired securities of certain of the Funds regular broker dealers or the parents of such firms. The aggregate holdings of the Funds of those brokers or dealers as of September 30, 2012 (amounts in thousands, except shares) were as follows:
Fund |
Broker/Dealer |
Value ($) |
||||
Virtus Bond Fund | Bank of America LLC | $ | 543 | |||
Citicorp Securities Services LLC | 2,413 | |||||
JPMorgan Chase & Co. | 4,441 | |||||
Morgan Stanley | 5,090 | |||||
Credit Suisse First Boston Corp. | 1,217 | |||||
UBS AG | 523 | |||||
Goldman Sachs & Co. | 1,265 |
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Fund |
Broker/Dealer |
Value ($) |
||||
Virtus AlphaSector Rotation Fund | Bank of America LLC | $ | 2,665 | |||
BNY Capital Markets, Inc. | 748 | |||||
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. | 393 | |||||
Citicorp Securities Services LLC | 2,687 | |||||
Goldman Sachs & Co. | 1,435 | |||||
JPMorgan Chase & Co. | 4,321 | |||||
Morgan Stanley | 648 | |||||
Virtus High Yield Fund | Citicorp Securities Services LLC | 499 | ||||
Goldman Sachs & Co. | 256 | |||||
Morgan Stanley | 527 | |||||
Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund |
Credit Suisse First Boston Corp. | 2,187 | ||||
Citicorp Securities Services LLC | 4,872 | |||||
Bank of America LLC | 3,126 | |||||
JPMorgan Chase & Co. | 14,698 | |||||
Morgan Stanley | 2,624 | |||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 5,274 | |||||
Goldman Sachs & Co. | 2,938 | |||||
Jefferies & Company, Inc. | 574 | |||||
Virtus Multi-Sector Short-Term Bond Fund | Goldman Sachs & Co. | 54,470 | ||||
JPMorgan Chase & Co. | 376,069 | |||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 89,256 | |||||
Morgan Stanley | 77,916 | |||||
Bank of America LLC | 133,606 | |||||
Citicorp Securities Services LLC | 87,498 | |||||
Jefferies & Company, Inc. | 6,639 | |||||
Credit Suisse First Boston Corp. | 52,325 | |||||
Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc. | 15,696 | |||||
Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund | UBS AG | 34,396 | ||||
Virtus Global Opportunities Fund | Citicorp Securities Services LLC | 3,899 | ||||
JPMorgan Chase & Co. | 3,641 | |||||
UBS AG | 1,996 | |||||
Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund | UBS AG | 241 | ||||
Virus Premium AlphaSector Fund | Bank of America LLC | 20,139 | ||||
BNY Capital Markets, Inc. | 5,664 | |||||
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. | 2,972 | |||||
Citicorp Securities Services LLC | 20,305 | |||||
Goldman Sachs & Co. | 10,840 | |||||
JPMorgan Chase & Co. | 32,732 | |||||
Morgan Stanley | 4,900 | |||||
Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund | Morgan Stanley | 133 | ||||
Virtus Wealth Masters Fund | Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. | 7 |
During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2012, the Funds had no directed brokerage transactions to brokers for proprietary and third party research services.
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How to Buy Shares
For Class A Shares, Class C Shares and Class T Shares, the minimum initial investment is $2,500 and the minimum subsequent investment is $100. However, both the initial and subsequent minimum investment amounts are $100 for investments pursuant to the Systematic Purchase plan, a bank draft investing program administered by the Transfer Agent, or pursuant to the Systematic Exchange privilege or for an IRA. In addition, there are no subsequent minimum investment amounts in connection with the reinvestment of dividend or capital gain distributions. For Class I Shares, the minimum initial investment is $100,000 and there is no subsequent minimum investment. For purchases of Class I Shares (i) by private clients of the adviser, subadviser and their affiliates, (ii) through certain programs and defined contribution plans with which the Distributor or Transfer Agent has an arrangement or (iii) by Trustees of the funds and directors, officers and employees of Virtus and its affiliates, the minimum initial investment is waived. Completed applications for the purchase of shares should be mailed to: Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074.
The Trust has authorized one or more brokers to accept on its behalf purchase and redemption orders. Such brokers are authorized to designate other intermediaries to accept purchase and redemption orders on the Trusts behalf. The Trust will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an authorized broker or, if applicable, a brokers authorized designee, accepts the order. Customer orders will be priced at the Funds NAVs next computed after they are received in good order by an authorized broker or the brokers authorized designee.
Alternative Purchase Arrangements
Shares may be purchased from investment dealers at a price equal to their NAV per share, plus a sales charge which, at the election of the purchaser, may be imposed either (i) at the time of the purchase (the initial sales charge alternative) or (ii) on a contingent deferred basis (the deferred sales charge alternative). Certain Funds also offers Class I Shares that may be purchased by certain institutional investors at a price equal to their NAV per share. Orders received by dealers prior to the close of trading on the NYSE are confirmed at the offering price effective at that time, provided the order is received by an authorized broker or brokers authoried designee prior to its close of business.
The alternative purchase arrangements permit an investor to choose the method of purchasing shares that is more beneficial given the amount of the purchase, the length of time the investor expects to hold the shares, whether the investor wishes to receive distributions in cash or to reinvest them in additional shares of the Funds, and other circumstances. Investors should consider whether, during the anticipated life of their investment in the Fund, the accumulated continuing distribution and services fees and CDSC on Class C Shares or Class T Shares would be less than the initial sales charge and accumulated distribution services fee on Class A Shares purchased at the same time.
Investors should understand that the purpose and function of the CDSC and ongoing distribution and services fees with respect to the Class C and Class C Thares are the same as those of the initial sales charge and ongoing distribution and services fees with respect to the Class A Shares.
The distribution expenses incurred by the Distributor in connection with the sale of the shares will be paid, in the case of Class A Shares, from the proceeds of the initial sales charge and the ongoing distribution and services fee. In the case of Class B Shares, distribution expenses incurred by the Distributor in connection with the sale of the shares will be paid from the proceeds of the ongoing distribution and services fee and the CDSC incurred upon redemption within five years of purchase for the Fixed Income Fund and within three years of purchase for the Short Term Bond Fund. For Class C Shares, the ongoing distribution and services fee will be used to pay for the distribution expenses incurred by the Distributor. In the case of Class T Shares, distribution expenses incurred by the Distributor in connection with the sale of the shares will be paid from the proceeds of the ongoing distribution and services fee and the CDSC incurred upon redemption within one year of purchase. Sales personnel of broker-dealers distributing the Funds shares may receive differing compensation for selling Class A Shares, Class C Shares or Class T Shares.
Dividends paid by the Fund, if any, with respect to each class of shares will be calculated in the same manner at the same time on the same day, except that fees such as higher distribution and services fees and any incremental transfer agency costs relating to each class of shares will be borne exclusively by that class. (See Dividends, Distributions and Taxes in this SAI.)
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Class A Shares
Class A Shares incur a sales charge when they are purchased and enjoy the benefit of not being subject to any sales charge when they are redeemed, except that a CDSC may apply on certain redemptions made within 18 months following purchases on which a finders fee has been paid. For all fixed income Virtus Mutual Funds, Virtus AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund and Virtus Disciplined Bond Fund, the CDSC is 0.50%; for all other Virtus Mutual Funds, the CDSC is 1.00%. The CDSC period begins on the last day of the month preceding the month in which the purchase was made. Such deferred sales charges may be waived under certain conditions as determined by the Distributor. Class A Shares are subject to ongoing distribution and services fees at an annual rate of 0.25% of the Funds aggregate average daily net assets attributable to the Class A Shares. In addition, certain purchases of Class A Shares qualify for reduced initial sales charges.
Class B Shares
NOTE: Class B Shares are no longer available for purchase, except through reinvestment of dividends/capital gain distributions by existing shareholders and exchange of Class B shares of a fund for Class B shares of other Virtus Mutual Funds as permitted by the existing exchange privileges (as set forth in the Funds prospectuses).
Class B Shares do not incur a sales charge when they are purchased, but they are subject to a sales charge if they are redeemed within five years of purchase. Class B Shares of the Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund do not incur a sales charge when they are purchased, but they are subject to a sales charge if they are redeemed within six years of purchase. Class B Shares of the Short Term Bond Fund do not incur a sales charge when they are purchased, but they are subject to a sales charge if they are redeemed within three years of purchase. The deferred sales charge may be waived in connection with certain qualifying redemptions. (See Class A Shares, Class B Shares, Class C Shares and Class T SharesWaiver of Deferred Sales Charges in this SAI.)
Class B Shares are subject to ongoing distribution and service fees at an annual rate of up to 1.00% of each Funds aggregate average daily net assets attributable to the Class B Shares. Class B Shares enjoy the benefit of permitting all of the investors dollars to work from the time the investment is made. The higher ongoing distribution and service fees paid by Class B Shares will cause such shares to have a higher expense ratio and to pay lower dividends, to the extent any dividends are paid, than those related to Class A Shares. Class B Shares will automatically convert to Class A Shares eight years after the end of the calendar month in which the shareholders order to purchase was accepted. Class B Shares of the Short Term Bond Fund convert to Class A Shares six years after the end of the calendar month in which the shareholders order to purchase was accepted. Class B Shares of the Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund convert to Class A Shares seven years after the end of the calendar month in which the shareholders order to purchase was accepted. The purpose of the conversion feature is to relieve the holders of the Class B Shares that have been outstanding for a period of time sufficient for the Distributor to have been compensated for distribution expenses related to the Class B Shares from most of the burden of such distribution related expenses.
Class B Shares include all shares purchased pursuant to the deferred sales charge alternative which have been outstanding for less than the period ending eight years after the end of the month in which the shares were issued. Class B Shares of the Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund include all shares purchased pursuant to the deferred sales charge alternative which have been outstanding for less than the period ending seven years after the end of the month in which the shares were issued. Class B Shares of the Short Term Bond Fund include all shares purchased pursuant to the deferred sales charge alternative which have been outstanding for less than the period ending six years after the end of the month in which the shares were issued. At the end of this period, Class B Shares will automatically convert to Class A Shares and will no longer be subject to the higher distribution and service fees. Such conversion will be on the basis of the relative NAV of the two classes without the imposition of any sales load, fee or other charge.
For purposes of conversion to Class A Shares, shares purchased through the reinvestment of dividends and distributions paid in respect of Class B Shares in a shareholders account will be considered to be held in a separate subaccount. Each time any Class B Shares in the shareholders account (other than those in the subaccount) convert to Class A Shares, a pro rata portion of the Class B Shares in the subaccount will also convert to Class A Shares.
Class C Shares
Class C Shares are purchased without an initial sales charge but are subject to a deferred sales charge if redeemed within one year of purchase. Class C Shares of the Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund are not subject to a sales charge when redeemed. The deferred sales charge may be waived in connection with certain qualifying redemptions. Shares issued in conjunction with the automatic reinvestment of income distributions and capital
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gain distributions are not subject to any sales charges. Class C Shares are subject to ongoing distribution and service fees of up to 1.00% of each Funds aggregate average daily net assets attributable to Class C Shares. Class C Shares of the Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund are subject to ongoing distribution and service fees of up to 0.50% of the Funds aggregate average daily net assets attributable to Class C Shares. Class C Shares enjoy the benefit of permitting all of the investors dollars to work from the time the investment is made. The higher ongoing distribution and services fee paid by Class C Shares will cause such shares to have a higher expense ratio and to pay lower dividends, to the extent any dividends are paid, than those related to Class A Shares. Class C Shares do not convert to another class of shares and long term investors may therefore pay more through accumulated distribution fees than the economic equivalent of any applicable sales charge and accumulated distribution fees in the other classes.
Class T Shares (Short Term Bond Fund Only)
Class T Shares do not incur a sales charge when they are purchased, but they are subject to a sales charge if they are redeemed within the first year of purchase. The deferred sales charge may be waived in connection with certain qualifying redemptions. (See Class A Shares, Class B Shares, Class C Shares and Class T SharesWaiver of Deferred Sales Charges in this SAI.) Class T Shares are subject to an ongoing distribution and services fee at an annual rate of 1.00% of the Short Term Bond Funds aggregate average daily net assets attributable to the Class T Shares. Class T Shares enjoy the benefit of permitting all of the investors dollars to work from the time the investment is made. The higher ongoing distribution and services fee paid by Class T Shares will cause such shares to have a higher expense ratio and to pay lower dividends, to the extent any dividends are paid, than those related to Class A Shares. Class T Shares of the Short Term Bond Fund do not convert to another class of shares and long term investors may therefore pay more through accumulated distribution fees than the economic equivalent of any applicable sales charge and accumulated distribution fees in the other classes. Class T shares can be exchanged for Class C Shares of any Virtus Mutual Fund.
Class I Shares
Class I Shares are offered primarily to clients of financial intermediaries that (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting, or similar services; or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Class I Shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include pension and profit sharing plans, other employee benefit trusts, endowments, foundations and corporations. Class I Shares are also offered to private and institutional clients of, or referred by, the Adviser, the subadvisers, their affiliates, and to Trustees of the funds and trustees/directors of affiliated open- and closed-end funds, and directors, officers and employees of Virtus and its affiliates.
Class A SharesReduced Initial Sales Charges
Investors choosing Class A Shares may be entitled to reduced sales charges. The ways in which sales charges may be avoided or reduced are described below. Investors buying Class A Shares on which a finders fee has been paid may incur a CDSC if they redeem their shares within 18 months of purchase. For all Virtus fixed income funds and Virtus AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund, the CDSC is 0.50%; for all other Virtus Mutual Funds, the CDSC is 1.00%. The CDSC period begins on the last day of the month preceding the month in which the purchase was made. Such deferred sales charge may be waived under certain conditions as determined by the Distributor or Transfer Agent.
Qualified Purchasers
If you fall within any one of the following categories, you will not have to pay a sales charge on your purchase of Class A Shares, provided that such purchase is made upon the written assurance of the purchaser that the purchase is made for investment purposes and that the shares so acquired will not be resold except to the Fund: (1) trustee, director or officer of the Virtus Mutual Funds, or any other mutual fund advised, subadvised or distributed by the Adviser, Distributor or any of their corporate affiliates; (2) any director or officer, or any full-time employee or sales representative (for at least 90 days), of the applicable Funds Adviser, subadviser or Distributor; (3) any private client of an Adviser or subadviser to any Virtus Mutual Fund; (4) registered representatives and employees of securities dealers with whom the Distributor has sales agreements; (5) any qualified retirement plan exclusively for persons described above; (6) any officer, director or employee of a corporate affiliate of the Adviser, a subadviser or the Distributor; (7) any spouse, child, parent, grandparent, brother or sister of any person named in (1), (2), (4) or (6) above; (8) employee benefit plans for employees of the Adviser, Distributor and/or their corporate affiliates; (9) any employee or agent who retires from the Distributor and/or their corporate affiliates or from PNX, as long as, with respect to PNX employees or agents, such individual was employed by PNX prior to December 31, 2008; (10) any account held in the name of a qualified employee benefit plan, endowment fund or foundation if, on the date of the initial investment, the plan, fund or
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foundation has assets of $10,000,000 or more or at least 100 eligible employees; (11) any person with a direct rollover transfer of shares from an established Virtus Mutual Fund or Virtus qualified plan; (12) any state, county, city, department, authority or similar agency prohibited by law from paying a sales charge; (13) any unallocated account held by a third party administrator, registered investment adviser, trust company, or bank trust department which exercises discretionary authority and holds the account in a fiduciary, agency, custodial or similar capacity, if in the aggregate such accounts held by such entity equal or exceed $1,000,000; (14) any deferred compensation plan established for the benefit of any trustee or director of Virtus, any Virtus Mutual Fund, or any open- or closed-end fund advised, subadvised or distributed by the Adviser, the Distributor or any of their corporate affiliates.
If you fall within any one of the following categories, you also will not have to pay a sales charge on your purchase of Class A Shares: (15) individuals purchasing through an account with an unaffiliated brokerage firm having an agreement with the Distributor to waive sales charges for its clients; (16) purchasers of Class A Shares bought through investment advisers and financial planners who charge an advisory, consulting or other fee for their services and buy shares for their own accounts or the accounts of their clients; (17) retirement plans and deferred compensation plans and trusts used to fund those plans (including, for example, certain plans qualified or created under Sections 401(a), 403(b) or 457 of the Code), and rabbi trusts that buy shares for their own accounts, in each case if those purchases are made through a broker or agent or other financial intermediary that has made special arrangements with the Distributor for such purchases; (18) 401(k) participants in the Merrill Lynch Daily K Plan if such Plan has at least $3 million in assets or 500 or more eligible employees; or (19) clients of investment advisors or financial planners who buy shares for their own accounts but only if their accounts are linked to a master account of their investment advisor or financial planner on the books and records of the broker, agent or financial intermediary with which the Distributor has made such special arrangements. Each of the investors described in (15) through (19) may be charged a fee by the broker, agent or financial intermediary for purchasing shares.
Combination Purchase Privilege
Your purchase of any class of shares of these Funds or any other Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any Money Market Fund), if made at the same time by the same person, will be added together with any existing Virtus Mutual Fund account values, to determine whether the combined sum entitles you to an immediate reduction in sales charges. A person is defined in this and the following sections as (a) any individual, his or her spouse and minor children purchasing shares for his, her or their own account (including an IRA account) including his, her or their own trust; (b) a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing for a single trust, estate or single fiduciary account (even though more than one beneficiary may exist); (c) multiple employer trusts or certain Section 403(b) plans for the same employer; (d) multiple accounts (up to 200) under a qualified employee benefit plan or administered by a third party administrator; or (e) trust companies, bank trust departments, registered investment advisers, and similar entities placing orders or providing administrative services with respect to accounts over which they exercise discretionary investment authority and which are held in a fiduciary, agency, custodial or similar capacity, provided all shares are held of record in the name, or nominee name, of the entity placing the order.
Letter of Intent
If you sign a Letter of Intent, your purchase of any class of shares of these Funds or any other Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any Money Market Fund), if made by the same person within a 13-month period, will be added together to determine whether you are entitled to an immediate reduction in sales charges. Sales charges are reduced based on the overall amount you indicate that you will buy under the Letter of Intent. The Letter of Intent is a mutually non-binding commitment. Since the Funds and their agents do not know whether you will ultimately fulfill the Letter of Intent, shares worth 5% of the amount of each purchase will be set aside until you fulfill the Letter of Intent. When you buy enough shares to fulfill the Letter of Intent, these shares will no longer be restricted. If, on the other hand, you do not satisfy the Letter of Intent, or otherwise wish to sell any restricted shares, you will be given the choice of either buying enough shares to fulfill the Letter of Intent or paying the difference between any sales charge you previously paid and the otherwise applicable sales charge. You will be given 20 days to make this decision. If you do not exercise either election, the Transfer Agent will automatically redeem the number of your restricted shares needed to make up the deficiency in sales charges received. The Transfer Agent will redeem restricted Class A Shares before Class C Shares, Class T Shares or Class B Shares, respectively. Oldest shares will be redeemed before selling newer shares. Any remaining shares will then be deposited to your account.
Right of Accumulation
The value of your account(s) in any class of shares of these Funds or any other Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any Money Market Fund), may be added together at the time of each purchase to determine whether the
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combined sum entitles you to a prospective reduction in sales charges. You must provide certain account information to the Funds and their agents at the time of purchase to exercise this right.
Associations
Certain groups or associations may be treated as a person and qualify for reduced Class A Share sales charges. The group or association must: (1) have been in existence for at least six months; (2) have a legitimate purpose other than to purchase mutual fund shares at a reduced sales charge; (3) work through an investment dealer; and (4) not be a group whose sole reason for existing is to consist of members who are credit card holders of a particular company, policyholders of an insurance company, customers of a bank or a broker-dealer or clients of an investment adviser.
Class A and Class C SharesWaiver of Deferred Sales Charges
The CDSC is waived on the redemption (sale) of Class A Shares, Class B Shares, Class C Shares and Class T Shares if the redemption is made (a) within one year of death (i) of the sole shareholder on an individual account, (ii) of a joint tenant where the surviving joint tenant is the deceaseds spouse, (iii) of the beneficiary of a Uniform Gifts to Minors Act (UGMA), Uniform Transfers to Minors Act (UTMA) or other custodial account, or (iv) of the grantor on a trust account; (b) within one year of disability, as defined in Code Section 72(m)(7); (c) as a mandatory distribution upon reaching age 70 1 /2 under certain retirement plans qualified under Code Sections 401, 408 or 403(b) or resulting from the tax-free return of an excess contribution to an IRA; (d) by 401(k) plans using an approved participant tracking system for participant hardships, death, disability or normal retirement, and loans which are subsequently repaid; (e) from the Merrill Lynch Daily K Plan (Plan) invested in Class B Shares, on which such shares the Distributor has not paid the dealer the Class B sales commission; (f) based on the exercise of exchange privileges among Class A Shares, Class B Shares, Class C Shares and Class T Shares of these Funds or any of the Virtus Mutual Funds; (g) based on any direct rollover transfer of shares from an established Virtus Mutual Fund qualified plan into a Virtus Mutual Fund IRA by participants terminating from the qualified plan; and (h) based on the systematic withdrawal program. If, as described in condition (a) above, an account is transferred to an account registered in the name of a deceaseds estate, the CDSC will be waived on any redemption from the estate account occurring within one year of the death. If the Class B Shares are not redeemed within one year of the death, they will remain subject to the applicable CDSC.
How to Redeem Shares
Under the 1940 Act, payment for shares redeemed must ordinarily be made within seven days after tender. The right to redeem shares may be suspended and payment postponed during periods when the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings, or if permitted by rules of the SEC, during periods when trading on the NYSE is restricted or during any emergency which makes it impracticable for a Fund to dispose of its securities or to determine fairly the value of its net assets or during any other period permitted by order of the SEC for the protection of investors. Furthermore, the Transfer Agent will not mail redemption proceeds until checks received for shares purchased have cleared, which may take up to 15 days or more.
The Trust has authorized one or more brokers to receive on its behalf purchase and redemption orders. Such brokers are authorized to designate other intermediaries to accept purchase and redemption orders on the Trusts behalf. The Trust will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an authorized broker or, if applicable, a brokers authorized designee, accepts the order. Customer orders will be priced at the Funds NAVs next computed after they are received in good order by an authorized broker or the brokers authorized designee.
Redemptions by Class B and Class C shareholders will be subject to the applicable deferred sales charge, if any.
A shareholder should contact his/her broker-dealer if he/she wishes to transfer shares from an existing broker-dealer street name account to a street name account with another broker-dealer. The Funds have no specific procedures governing such account transfers.
Redemption of Small Accounts
Each shareholder account in the Funds which has been in existence for at least one year and which has a value of less than $200, due to redemption activity may be redeemed upon the giving of not less than 60 days written notice to the shareholder mailed to the account address of record. During the 60-day period following such notice, the shareholder has the right to add to the account to bring its value to $200 or more. (See the Funds current Prospectuses for more information.)
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Redemptions by Mail
Shareholders may redeem shares by making written request, executed in the full name of the account, directly to Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074. (See the Funds current Prospectuses for more information.)
Redemptions by Telephone
Generally, shareholders may redeem by telephone up to $50,000 worth of their shares held in book-entry form. (See the Funds current Prospectuses for more information.) Corporations that have completed a Corporate Authorized Trader form may redeem more than $50,000 worth of shares in most instances.
Redemptions by Check (Fixed Income Funds only)
Any shareholder of a Fixed Income Fund may elect to redeem shares held in his account by check. Checks will be sent to an investor upon receipt by the Transfer Agent of a completed application and signature card (attached to the application). If the signature card accompanies an individuals initial account application, the signature guarantee section of the form may be disregarded. However, the Trust reserves the right to require that all signatures be guaranteed prior to the establishment of a check writing service account. When an authorization form is submitted after receipt of the initial account application, all signatures must be guaranteed regardless of account value.
Checks may be drawn payable to any person in an amount of not less than $250, provided that immediately after the payment of the redemption proceeds the balance in the shareholders account is $250 or more.
When a check is presented to the Transfer Agent for payment, a sufficient number of full and fractional shares in the shareholders account will be redeemed to cover the amount of the check. The number of shares to be redeemed will be determined on the date the check is received by the Transfer Agent. Presently there is no charge to the shareholder for the check writing service, but this may be changed or modified in the future upon two weeks written notice to shareholders. Checks drawn from Class A and Class C accounts are subject to the applicable deferred sales charge, if any.
The check writing procedure for redemption enables a shareholder to receive income accruing on the shares to be redeemed until such time as the check is presented to the Transfer Agent for payment. Inasmuch as canceled checks are returned to shareholders monthly, no confirmation statement is issued at the time of redemption.
Shareholders utilizing withdrawal checks will be subject to the Transfer Agents rules governing checking accounts. A shareholder should make sure that there are sufficient shares in his or her account to cover the amount of any check drawn. If insufficient shares are in the account and the check is presented to the Transfer Agent on a banking day on which the Trust does not redeem shares (for example, a day on which the NYSE is closed), or if the check is presented against redemption proceeds of an investment made by check which has not been in the account for at least fifteen calendar days, the check may be returned marked Non-sufficient Funds and no shares will be redeemed. A shareholder may not close his or her account by a withdrawal check because the exact value of the account will not be known until after the check is received by the Transfer Agent.
Redemptions in Kind
To the extent consistent with state and federal law, the Funds may make payment of the redemption price either in cash or in kind. However, the Funds have elected to pay in cash all requests for redemption by any shareholder of record, limited in respect to each shareholder during any 90-day period to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the NAV of the Fund at the beginning of such period. This election has been made pursuant to Rule 18f-1 under the 1940 Act and is irrevocable while the Rule is in effect unless the SEC, by order, permits the withdrawal thereof. In case of a redemption in kind, securities delivered in payment for shares would generally represent the shareholders proportionate share of the Funds current net assets and be valued at the same value assigned to them in computing the NAV per share of the Fund. A shareholder receiving such securities would incur brokerage costs when selling the securities.
Account Reinstatement Privilege
Shareholders who may have overlooked features of their investment at the time they redeemed have a privilege of reinvestment of their investment at NAV. (See the Funds current Prospectuses for more information.)
Returned/Uncashed Checks Policy
For the protection of Fund shareholders, if you have elected to receive dividends and other distributions in cash, and the check is returned to the Fund as undeliverable or you do not respond to mailings from Virtus with regard to uncashed distribution checks, we may take any of the following actions:
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The distribution option on your account(s) will be changed to reinvest and all subsequent payments will be reinvested in additional shares of the Fund. |
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Any systematic withdrawal plan will be stopped immediately. |
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If a check is not presented for payment within six months, the Fund reserves the right to reinvest the check proceeds. |
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If reinvested, distributions will be reinvested in the Fund at the earliest date practicable after the waiting period at the then-current NAV of such Fund. |
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No interest will accrue on amounts represented by uncashed dividend, distribution or redemption checks. |
This policy may not apply to certain retirement or qualified accounts, closed accounts or accounts under the applicable Funds required minimum threshold.
Reinvestment of future distributions will continue until you notify us of your election to reinstate cash payment of the dividends and other distributions. You will also be required to confirm your current address and daytime telephone number.
Pricing of Shares
The NAV per share of each class of each fund generally is determined as of the close of regular trading (normally 4:00 PM eastern time) on days when the NYSE is open for trading. The Funds will not calculate its NAV per share class on days when the NYSE is closed for trading. For Money Market Funds, the NAV of each class of each Fund generally is determined as of the times indicated in the table below on each business day, except on those days the SIFMA recommends that the U.S bond market remains closed.
The NYSE will be closed on the following observed national holidays: New Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Since the Funds do not price securities on weekends or United States national holidays, the NAV of a Funds foreign assets may be significantly affected on days when the investor may not be able to purchase or sell shares of the Funds. The NAV per share of a Fund is determined by adding the values of all securities and other assets of the Fund, subtracting liabilities, and dividing by the total number of outstanding shares of the Fund. Assets and liabilities are determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and applicable rules and regulations of the SEC. The total liability allocated to a class, plus that classs distribution fee and any other expenses allocated solely to that class, are deducted from the proportionate interest of such class in the assets of the Fund, and the resulting amount of each is divided by the number of shares of that class outstanding to produce the NAV per share.
A security that is listed or traded on more than one exchange generally is valued at the official closing price on the exchange representing the principal exchange for such security. Because of the need to obtain prices as of the close of trading on various exchanges throughout the world, the calculation of NAV may not take place for any Fund which invests in foreign securities contemporaneously with the determination of the prices of the majority of the portfolio securities of such Fund. The foreign currency exchange rate used to price the currency in which foreign securities are denominated is generally the 4 p.m. Eastern Time spot rate. If at any time a Fund has investments where market quotations are not readily available or are determined not to be reliable indicators of the value of the securities priced, such investments are valued at the fair value thereof as determined in good faith in accordance with policies and procedures approved by the Board of Trustees.
Security valuation procedures for each Fund, which include nightly price variance as well as back-testing such as bi-weekly unchanged price, monthly secondary source and transaction analysis, have been approved by the Board of Trustees. All internally fair valued securities are approved by a valuation committee (the Valuation Committee) appointed by the Board. The Valuation Committee is comprised of the treasurer and assistant treasurer of the Trust, along with two appointees of the Adviser who are identified to the Board of Trustees. All internally fair valued securities, referred to below, are updated daily and reviewed in detail by the Valuation Committee monthly unless changes occur within the period. The Valuation Committee reviews the validity of any model inputs and any changes to the model when applicable. Internal fair valuations are reviewed by the Board of Trustees at least quarterly.
Each Fund utilizes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels.
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Level 1 quoted prices in active markets for identical securities |
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Level 2 prices determined using other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.) |
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Level 3 prices determined using significant unobservable inputs (including the valuation committees own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments) |
The inputs or methodologies used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in those securities.
A description of the valuation techniques applied to a Funds major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis is as follows:
Equity securities are valued at the official closing price (typically last sale) on the exchange on which the securities are primarily traded, or if no closing price is available, at the last bid price and are categorized as Level 1 in the hierarchy. Restricted equity securities and private placements that are not widely traded, are illiquid or are internally fair valued by the valuation committee, are generally categorized as Level 3 in the hierarchy.
Certain non-U.S. securities may be fair valued in cases where closing prices are not readily available or are deemed not reflective of readily available market prices. For example, significant events (such as movement in the U.S. securities market, or other regional and local developments) may occur between the time that non-U.S. markets close (where the security is principally traded) and the time that a Fund calculates its NAV that may impact the value of securities traded in these non-U.S. markets. In such cases the Funds fair value non-U.S. securities using an independent pricing service which considers the correlation of the trading patterns of the non-U.S. security to the intraday trading in the U.S. markets for investments such as ADRs, financial futures, exchange traded funds, and certain indexes as well as prices for similar securities. Such fair valuations are categorized as Level 2 in the hierarchy. Because the frequency of significant events is not predictable, fair valuation of certain non-U.S. common stocks may occur on a frequent basis.
Debt securities, including restricted securities, are valued based on evaluated quotations received from independent pricing services or from dealers who make markets in such securities. For most bond types, the pricing service utilizes matrix pricing which considers one or more of the following factors: yield or price of bonds of comparable quality, coupon, maturity, current cash flows, type, and current day trade information, as well as dealer supplied prices. These valuations are generally categorized as Level 2 in the hierarchy. Structured debt instruments such as mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities may also incorporate collateral analysis and utilize cash flow models for valuation and are generally categorized as Level 2 in the hierarchy. Pricing services do not provide pricing for all securities and therefore indicative bids from dealers are utilized which are based on pricing models used by market makers in the security and are generally categorized as Level 2 in the hierarchy. Debt securities that are not widely traded, are illiquid, or are internally fair valued by the valuation committee are generally categorized as Level 3 in the hierarchy.
Listed derivatives that are actively traded are valued based on quoted prices from the exchange and are categorized as Level 1 in the hierarchy.
Over-the-counter (OTC) derivative contracts, which include forward currency contracts and equity linked instruments, do not require material subjectivity as pricing inputs are observed from actively quoted markets and are categorized as Level 2 in the hierarchy.
Investments in open-end mutual funds are valued at their closing NAV each business day and are categorized as Level 1 in the hierarchy.
Short-term notes having a remaining maturity of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost, which approximates market, and are generally categorized as Level 2 in the hierarchy.
INVESTOR ACCOUNT SERVICES AND POLICIES
The Funds offer accumulation plans, withdrawal plans and reinvestment and exchange privileges. Certain privileges may not be available in connection with all classes. In most cases, changes to account services may be accomplished over the phone. Inquiries regarding policies and procedures relating to shareholder account services should be directed to the Transfer Agent at 800.243.1574. Broker-dealers may impose their own restrictions and limits on accounts held through the broker-dealer. Please consult with your broker-dealer for account restrictions and limit information. The Funds and their agents reserve the right to modify or terminate these services upon reasonable notice.
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Exchanges
Under certain circumstances, shares of any Virtus Mutual Fund (except any of the Money Market Funds) may be exchanged for shares of the same class of another Virtus Mutual Fund on the basis of the relative NAVs per share at the time of the exchange. Class C Shares are also exchangeable for Class T Shares of those Virtus Mutual Funds offering them. Exchanges are subject to the minimum initial investment requirement of the designated Fund, except if made in connection with the Systematic Exchange privilege described below. Shareholders may exchange shares held in book-entry form for an equivalent number (value) of the same class of shares of any other Virtus Mutual Fund, if currently offered. Exchanges will be based upon each Funds NAV per share next computed following receipt of a properly executed exchange request without sales charge. On exchanges into Class A Shares of a Money Market Fund from Class A Shares of a Non-Money Market Fund made within 18 months of a finders fee being paid on such Non-Money Market Fund shares, a CDSC may be assessed on exchange proceeds. For all fixed income Virtus Mutual Funds, Virtus AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund and Virtus Disciplined Bond Fund, the CDSC is 0.50%; for all other Virtus Mutual Funds, the CDSC is 1.00%. The CDSC may be waived upon return of the finders fee by the dealer. On exchanges with share classes that carry a CDSC, the CDSC schedule of the original shares purchased continues to apply. The exchange of shares is treated as a sale and purchase for federal income tax purposes. (See also Dividends, Distributions and Taxes in this SAI.) Exchange privileges may not be available for all Virtus Mutual Funds, and may be rejected or suspended.
In certain circumstances, a Fund, the Distributor or the Transfer Agent may enter into an agreement with a financial intermediary to permit exchanges from one class of a Fund into another class of the same Fund, subject to certain conditions. Such exchanges will only be permitted if, among other things, the financial intermediary agrees to follow procedures established by the Fund, the Distributor or the Transfer Agent, which generally will require that the exchanges be carried out (i) within accounts maintained and controlled by the intermediary, (ii) on behalf of all or a particular segment of beneficial owners holding shares of the affected Fund within those accounts, and (iii) all at once or within a given time period, or as agreed upon in writing by the Fund, the Distributor or the Transfer Agent, and the financial intermediary. A shareholders ability to make this type of exchange may be limited by operational or other limitations of his or her financial intermediary or the Fund. Under the Code, generally if a shareholder exchanges shares from one class of a Fund into another class of the same Fund, the transaction should not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes; however, each shareholder should consult both the relevant financial intermediary and the shareholders tax advisor regarding the treatment of any specific exchange carried out under the terms of this paragraph.
Systematic Exchanges
If the conditions above have been met, you or your broker may, by telephone or written notice, elect to have shares exchanged for the same class of shares of another Virtus Mutual Fund automatically on a monthly, quarterly, semiannual or annual basis or may cancel this privilege at any time. If you maintain an account balance of at least $5,000, or $2,000 for tax qualified retirement benefit plans (calculated on the basis of the NAV of the shares held in a single account), you may direct that shares be automatically exchanged at predetermined intervals for shares of the same class of another Virtus Mutual Fund. Systematic exchanges will be executed upon the close of business on the 10th day of each month or the next succeeding business day. Exchanges will be based upon each Funds NAV per share next computed after the close of business on the 10th day of each month (or next succeeding business day), without sales charge. Systematic exchange forms are available from the Transfer Agent.
Dividend Reinvestment Across Accounts
If you maintain an account balance of at least $5,000, or $2,000 for tax qualified retirement benefit plans (calculated on the basis of the NAV of the shares held in a single account), you may direct that any dividends and distributions paid with respect to shares in that account be automatically reinvested in a single account of one of the other Virtus Mutual Funds at NAV. You should obtain a current prospectus and consider the objectives and policies of each Virtus Mutual Fund carefully before directing dividends and distributions to another Virtus Mutual Fund. Reinvestment election forms and prospectuses are available from the Transfer Agent. Distributions may also be mailed to a second payee and/or address. Requests for directing distributions to an alternate payee must be made in writing with a signature guarantee of the registered owner(s). To be effective with respect to a particular dividend or distribution, notification of the new distribution option must be received by the Transfer Agent at least three days prior to the record date of such dividend or distribution. If all shares in your account are repurchased or redeemed or transferred between the record date and the payment date of a dividend or distribution, you will receive cash for the dividend or distribution regardless of the distribution option selected.
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Invest-by-Phone
This expedited investment service allows a shareholder to make an investment in an account by requesting a transfer of funds from the balance of the shareholders bank account. Once a request is phoned in, the Transfer Agent or its subagent will initiate the transaction by wiring a request for monies to the shareholders commercial bank, savings bank or credit union via ACH. The shareholders bank, which must be an ACH member, will in turn forward the monies to the Transfer Agent or its subagent for credit to the shareholders account. ACH is a computer based clearing and settlement operation established for the exchange of electronic transactions among participating depository institutions.
To establish this service, please complete an Invest-by-Phone Application and attach a voided check if applicable. Upon acceptance of the authorization form (usually within two weeks) shareholders may call toll free 800.367.5877 prior to 3:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) to place their purchase request. Instructions as to the account number and amount to be invested must be communicated to the Transfer Agent. The Transfer Agent or its subagent will then contact the shareholders bank via ACH with appropriate instructions. The purchase is normally credited to the shareholders account the day following receipt of the verbal instructions. The Fund may delay the mailing of a check for redemption proceeds of Fund shares purchased with a check or via Invest-by-Phone service until the Fund has assured itself that good payment has been collected for the purchase of the shares, which may take up to 15 days. The Trust and the Transfer Agent reserve the right to modify or terminate the Invest-by-Phone service for any reason or to institute charges for maintaining an Invest-by-Phone account.
Systematic Withdrawal Program
The Systematic Withdrawal Program allows you to periodically redeem a portion of your account on a predetermined monthly, quarterly, semiannual or annual basis. A sufficient number of full and fractional shares will be redeemed so that the designated payment is made on or about the 20th day of the month. Shares are tendered for redemption by the Transfer Agent, as agent for the shareowner, on or about the 15th of the month at the closing NAV on the date of redemption. The Systematic Withdrawal Program also provides for redemptions with proceeds to be directed through ACH to your bank account. For ACH payments, you may select the day of the month for the payments to be made; if no date is specified, the payments will occur on the 15th of the month. In addition to the limitations stated below, withdrawals may not be less than $25 and minimum account balance requirements shall continue to apply.
Shareholders participating in the Systematic Withdrawal Program must own shares of a Fund worth $5,000 or more, as determined by the then current NAV per share, and elect to have all dividends reinvested. The purchase of shares while participating in the Systematic Withdrawal Program will ordinarily be disadvantageous to the Class A Shares investor since a sales charge will be paid by the investor on the purchase of Class A Shares at the same time as other shares are being redeemed. For this reason, investors in Class A Shares may not participate in an automatic investment program while participating in the Systematic Withdrawal Program.
Through the Program, Class B, Class C and Class T shareholders may withdraw up to 1% of their aggregate net investments (purchases, at initial value, to date net of non-Program redemptions) each month or up to 3% of their aggregate net investments each quarter without incurring otherwise applicable CDSCs. Class B, Class C and Class T shareholders redeeming more shares than the percentage permitted by the Program will be subject to any applicable CDSC on all shares redeemed. Accordingly, the purchase of Class B Shares, Class C Shares or Class T Shares will generally not be suitable for an investor who anticipates withdrawing sums in excess of the above limits shortly after purchase.
DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company
Each Fund within the Trust is separate for investment and accounting purposes and is treated as a separate corporation for United States federal income tax purposes. Each Fund has elected to qualify and intends to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. In each taxable year that a Fund qualifies as a RIC and distributes to its shareholders as dividends (not including capital gains dividends, discussed below) at least 90% of its ordinary investment income and short-term capital gains, with certain modifications, it (but not its shareholders) will be relieved of United States federal income tax on that portion of its net investment income and net capital gains that are currently distributed (or deemed distributed) to its shareholders. To the extent that a Fund fails to distribute all of its taxable income, it will be subject to corporate income tax (currently at a maximum rate of 35%) on any retained ordinary investment income or short-term capital gains and undistributed long-term capital gains.
Each Fund intends to make timely distributions, if necessary, sufficient in amount to avoid the non-deductible 4% excise tax that is imposed on a RIC to the extent that it fails to distribute, with respect to each calendar year, at
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least 98% of its ordinary income (not including tax-exempt interest) for such calendar year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income as determined for a one-year period ending on October 31 of such calendar year (or as determined on a fiscal year basis if the Funds fiscal year ends on November 30 or December 31, if the Fund so elects). In addition, an amount equal to any undistributed investment company taxable income or capital gain net income from the previous calendar year must also be distributed to avoid the excise tax. The excise tax is imposed on the amount by which the RIC does not meet the foregoing distribution requirements. If a Fund has taxable income that would be subject to the excise tax, the Fund intends to distribute such income so as to avoid payment of the excise tax. Notwithstanding the foregoing, there may be certain circumstances under which it would be appropriate for a Fund to pay the excise tax.
Each Fund must satisfy the following tests each year in order to qualify as a RIC: (a) derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities and certain other investment income; and (b) meet specified diversification requirements at the end of each quarter of each taxable year. Each Fund intends to satisfy these requirements. With respect to the diversification requirement, each Fund must also diversify its holdings so that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of cash, cash items, United States government securities and securities of other RICs, and other securities limited generally with respect to any one issuer to not more than 5% of the total assets of that Fund and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities of any issuer (other than United States government securities or the securities of other RICs). Each Fund intends to comply with all of the foregoing criteria for qualification as a RIC; however, there can be no assurance that each Fund will so qualify and continue to maintain its status as a RIC. If in any taxable year a Fund does not qualify as a RIC or fails to distribute at least 90% of the Funds investment company taxable income, all of its taxable income will be taxed at corporate rates, the Fund would not be entitled to deduct distributions to shareholders, and any capital gain dividend would not retain its character in the hands of the shareholder for tax purposes. The Code provides relief for certain de minimis failures to meet the asset or income tests or for certain failures due to reasonable cause. These relief provisions may prevent a Fund from being disqualified as a RIC and/or reduce the amount of tax on the Funds income as a result of the failure to meet certain tests.
Taxation of Debt Securities
Certain debt securities can be originally issued or acquired at a discount. Special rules apply under the Code to the recognition of income with respect to such debt securities. Under the special rules, a Fund may recognize income for tax purposes without a corresponding current receipt of cash. In addition, gain on a disposition of a debt security subject to the special rules may be treated wholly or partially as ordinary income, not capital gain.
A Fund may invest in certain investments that may cause it to realize income prior to the receipt of cash distributions, including securities bearing original issue discount. The level of such investments is not expected to affect a Funds ability to distribute adequate income to qualify as RIC.
Taxation of Derivatives and Foreign Currency Transactions
Many futures contracts and foreign currency contracts entered into by a Fund and all listed non-equity options written or purchased by a Fund (including options on debt securities, options on futures contracts, options on securities indices and options on broad-based stock indices) are governed by Section 1256 of the Code. Absent a tax election to the contrary, gain or loss attributable to the lapse, exercise or closing out of any such position is treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss, and on the last trading day of a Funds taxable year (and, generally on October 31 for purposes of the 4% excise tax), all outstanding Section 1256 positions are marked-to-market (i.e., treated as if such positions were closed out at their closing price on such day), and any resulting gain or loss is treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. Under certain circumstances, entry into a futures contract to sell a security may constitute a short sale for United States federal income tax purposes, causing an adjustment in the holding period of the underlying security or a substantially identical security in a Funds portfolio.
Equity options written by a Fund (covered call options on portfolio stock) will be subject to the provisions under Section 1234 of the Code. If a Fund writes a call option, no gain is recognized upon its receipt of a premium. If such an option lapses or is closed out, any gain or loss is treated as a short-term capital gain or loss. If such an option is exercised, any resulting gain or loss is a short-term or long-term capital gain or loss depending on the holding period of the underlying stock.
Positions of a Fund which consist of at least one stock and at least one stock option or other position with respect to a related security which substantially diminishes the Funds risk of loss with respect to such stock could be
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treated as a straddle that is governed by Section 1092 of the Code, the operation of which may cause deferral of losses, adjustments in the holding periods of stock or securities and conversion of short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. An exception to these straddle rules exists for any qualified covered call options on stock options written by a Fund.
Positions of a Fund which consist of at least one debt security not governed by Section 1256 of the Code and at least one futures or currency contract or listed non-equity option governed by Section 1256 of the Code which substantially diminishes the Funds risk of loss with respect to such debt security are treated as a mixed straddle. Although mixed straddles are subject to the straddle rules of Section 1092 of the Code, certain tax elections exist for them that reduce or eliminate the operation of these rules. Each Fund will monitor these transactions and may make certain tax elections in order to mitigate the operation of these rules and prevent disqualification of the Fund as a RIC for United States federal income tax purposes.
Under the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates which occur between the time a Fund accrues interest or other receivables or accrues expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time it actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities generally are treated as ordinary income or loss. Similarly, on disposition of debt securities denominated in a foreign currency and on disposition of certain futures contracts, forward contracts and options, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency between the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are treated as ordinary income or loss. Generally, these gains and losses, referred to under the Code as Section 988 gains or losses, may increase or decrease the amount of each Funds investment company taxable income to be distributed to its shareholders as ordinary income.
These special tax rules applicable to options, futures and currency transactions could affect the amount, timing and character of a Funds income or loss and hence of its distributions to shareholders by causing holding period adjustments, converting short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses, and accelerating a Funds income or deferring its losses.
The IRS has not provided guidance on the tax consequences of certain investments and other activities that the Funds may make or undertake. While the Funds will endeavor to treat the tax items arising from these transactions in a manner believed to be appropriate, guarantees cannot be given that the IRS or a court will concur with the Funds treatment and that adverse tax consequences will not ensue.
Taxation of Foreign Investments
If a Fund invests in stock of certain passive foreign investment companies, the Fund may be subject to special United States federal income taxation rules applicable to any excess distribution with respect to such stock or gain from the disposition of such stock treated as an excess distribution. The tax would be determined by allocating such distribution or gain ratably to each day of the Funds holding period for the stock. The distributions or gain so allocated to any taxable year of the Fund, other than the taxable year of the excess distribution or disposition, would be taxed to the Fund at the highest ordinary income rate in effect for such year, and the tax would be further increased by an interest charge to reflect the value of the tax deferral deemed to have resulted from the ownership of the foreign companys stock. Any amount of distribution or gain allocated to the taxable year of the distribution or disposition would be included in the Funds investment company taxable income and, accordingly, would not be taxable to the Fund to the extent distributed by the Fund as a dividend to its shareholders. The Fund may elect to mark-to-market (i.e., treat as if sold at their closing market price on the same day) its investments in certain passive foreign investment companies and avoid any tax and/or interest charge on excess distributions.
The Funds may be subject to tax on dividend or interest income received from securities of non-United States issuers withheld by a foreign country at the source. The United States has entered into tax treaties with many foreign countries that entitle a Fund to a reduced rate of tax or exemption from tax on income. It is impossible to determine the effective rate of foreign tax in advance since the amount of a Funds assets to be invested within various countries is not known. Each Fund intends to operate so as to qualify for tax treaty benefits where applicable. If more than 50% of the value of a Funds total assets at the close of its taxable year is comprised of stock or securities issued by foreign corporations, the Fund may elect to pass through to the Funds shareholders the amount of foreign income taxes paid by the Fund. If a Fund does elect to pass through, each shareholder will receive a written statement from the Fund identifying the amount of such shareholders pro rata share of (i) the foreign taxes paid and (ii) the Funds gross income from foreign sources. In addition, if at least 50% of the value of a Funds assets at the close of each quarter of the tax year is represented by interests in other RICs, then such Fund may pass through foreign income taxes paid without regard to whether more than
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50% of the Funds total assets at the close of the tax year consisted of stock and securities issued by foreign corporations. If a Fund passes through foreign taxes, each shareholder will be required to include the amount of such shareholders pro rata share of such taxes in gross income (in addition to dividends actually received), and the shareholder will be entitled to deduct such foreign taxes (if the shareholder itemizes deductions) in computing taxable income or claim a credit against U.S. federal income tax liability, subject to limitations.
United States Federal and California Taxation of DistributionsVirtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund
If at least 50% of the value of a Funds assets at the close of each quarter of the tax year is comprised of tax-exempt state and local bonds, then such Fund is qualified to pay exempt-interest dividends for United States federal income tax purposes to the Funds shareholders. The CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund intends to comply with this standard because at least 80% of the assets of the Fund will normally be invested in California municipal securities, and the Fund will provide shareholders with a written statement identifying each shareholders amount of exempt-interest dividends. Exempt-interest dividends received by a shareholder are treated as items of tax-exempt interest to the shareholder.
In addition, distributions or parts thereof derived from interest received on state and local issues and United States government obligations held by the CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund will be exempt from California personal income taxes in ratable proportion of the California investments and United States government obligations of the CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund, provided that the Fund has complied with the requirement that at least 50% of its assets be invested in State and local issues and United States government issues at the end of each fiscal quarter. The CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund intends to comply with this standard because at least 80% of the assets of the Fund will normally be invested in California municipal securities. Distributions derived from other earnings will be subject to California personal income tax for California residents and other persons subject to California income tax.
Taxation of Distributions to Shareholders
Certain qualified dividend income and long-term capital gains are taxed at a lower federal income tax rate (maximum 20%) for individual shareholders. The reduced rate for qualified dividend income applies to dividends from domestic corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations subject to various requirements and a minimum holding period applicable to both a Fund and its shareholders. Ordinary distributions made by a Fund to its shareholders are eligible for the reduced rate to the extent the underlying income in the Fund is qualified dividend income. An additional 3.8% tax will apply to the lesser of (i) an individuals net investment income or (ii) the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (in the case of single filers) or $250,000 (in the case of a joint return).
Distributions made by a Fund from ordinary investment income and net short-term capital gains will be taxed to such Funds shareholders as ordinary dividend income to the extent of the earnings and profits of the Fund. Ordinary income dividends received by corporate shareholders of a Fund will qualify for the 70% dividends-received deduction to the extent the Fund designates such amounts as qualifying dividend distributions; however, the portion that may be so designated is subject to certain limitations. Distributions by a Fund that are reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends in written statements furnished to its shareholders (e.g., Form 1099) will be taxed to the shareholders as long-term capital gain, and will not be eligible for the corporate dividends-received deduction.
Dividends declared by a Fund to shareholders of record in October, November or December will be taxable to such shareholders in the year that the dividend is declared, even if it is not paid until the following year (so long as it is actually paid by the Fund in January of such following year). Also, shareholders will be taxable on amounts reported by a Fund in written statements to shareholders as capital gain dividends, even if such amounts are not actually distributed to them. Shareholders will be entitled to claim a credit against their own United States federal income tax liability for taxes paid by each Fund on such undistributed capital gains, if any.
Dividends and capital gain distributions will be taxable to shareholders as described above whether received in cash or in shares under a Funds distribution reinvestment plan. With respect to distributions received in cash or reinvested in shares purchased on the open market, the amount of the distribution for tax purposes will be the amount of cash distributed or allocated to the shareholder.
Shareholders should be aware that the price of shares of a Fund that are purchased prior to a dividend or distribution by the Fund may reflect the amount of the forthcoming dividend or distribution. Such dividend or distribution, when made, would be taxable to shareholders under the principles discussed above even though the dividend or distribution may reduce the NAV of shares below a shareholders cost and thus represent a return of a shareholders investment in an economic sense.
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A high portfolio turnover rate may result in the realization of larger amounts of short-term gains, which are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.
Each Fund intends to accrue dividend income for United States federal income tax purposes in accordance with the rules applicable to RICs. In some cases, these rules may have the effect of accelerating (in comparison to other recipients of the dividend) the time at which the dividend is taken into account by the Fund as taxable income.
Shareholders should consult their own tax advisor about their tax situation.
Income and capital gain distributions are determined in accordance with rules set forth in the Code and the Regulations that may differ from United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.
Sale or Exchange of Fund Shares
Gain or loss will be recognized by a shareholder upon the sale of his or her shares in a Fund or upon an exchange of his or her shares in a Fund for shares in another Fund. Provided that the shareholder is not a dealer in such shares, such gain or loss will generally be treated as capital gain or loss, measured by the difference between the adjusted basis of the shares and the amount realized from the sale. Under current law, capital gains (whether long-term or short-term) of individuals and corporations are fully includable in taxable income. Capital losses (whether long-term or short-term) may offset capital gains plus (for non-corporate taxpayers only) up to $3,000 per year of ordinary income.
Redemptions, including exchanges, of shares may give rise to recognized gains or losses. All or a portion of a loss realized upon the redemption, including exchanges, of shares may be disallowed under wash sale rules to the extent shares are purchased (including shares acquired by means of reinvested dividends) within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after such redemption. Any loss realized upon a shareholders sale, redemption or other disposition of shares with a tax holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividend distributed with respect to such shares. The wash sale restrictions also apply to an investor who holds a security both within a tax-deferred account and in a taxable account; sales and repurchases between two accounts will be considered as wash sales.
Under certain circumstances, the sales charge incurred in acquiring shares of a Fund may not be taken into account in determining the gain or loss on the disposition of those shares. This rule applies where shares of a Fund are disposed of within 90 days after the date on which they were acquired and new shares of a RIC are acquired without a sales charge or at a reduced sales charge. In that case, the gain or loss realized on the disposition will be determined by excluding from the tax basis of the shares disposed of all or a portion of the sales charge incurred in acquiring those shares. This exclusion applies to the extent that the otherwise applicable sales charge with respect to the newly acquired shares is reduced as a result of the shareholder having incurred a sales charge initially. The portion of the sales charge affected by this rule will be treated as a sales charge paid for the new shares.
For shares of a Fund acquired on or after January 1, 2012, each shareholders Form 1099 will report the cost basis of any such shares that were redeemed, sold, or exchanged during the year, and the form will report whether the gain or loss is treated as short-term or long-term. This information will be reported to the IRS. Each shareholder should inform the Fund of such shareholders cost selection for tax reporting purposes at the time of the sale or exchange of Fund shares or provide in advance a standing cost basis method for the shareholders account. If a shareholder does not provide cost basis instructions, the Funds default method will be used.
Tax Information Notices
Written notices will be sent by United States mail to shareholders regarding the tax status of all distributions made (or deemed to have been made) during each taxable year, including the amount of qualified dividend income for individuals, the amount qualifying for the corporate dividends-received deduction (if applicable) and the amount of capital gain dividends, undistributed capital gains (if any), tax credits (if applicable), and cumulative return of capital (if any).
Important Notice Regarding Taxpayer IRS Certification and Backup Withholding
Pursuant to the Regulations, the Funds may be required to withhold a percentage of all reportable payments, including any taxable dividends, capital gains distributions or share redemption proceeds, at the specified rate in effect when such payments are made, for an account which does not have a taxpayer identification number and certain required certifications. The Funds reserve the right to refuse to open an account for any person failing to
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provide a taxpayer identification number along with the required certifications. The Funds will furnish shareholders, within 31 days after the end of the calendar year, with the information that is required by the IRS for preparing income tax returns. The Fund will also provide this same information to the IRS in the manner required by the IRS. Depending on your state of residence, the information may also be filed with your state taxing authority.
Some shareholders may be subject to withholding of United States federal income tax on dividends and redemption payments from the Funds (backup withholding) at the specified rate in effect when such payments are made. Corporate shareholders and certain other shareholders specified in the Code generally are exempt from such backup withholding. Generally, shareholders subject to backup withholding will be (i) those for whom a certified taxpayer identification number is not on file with the Fund, (ii) those about whom notification has been received (either by the shareholder or the Fund) from the IRS that they are subject to backup withholding or (iii) those who, to the Funds knowledge, have furnished an incorrect taxpayer identification number. Generally, to avoid backup withholding, a shareholder must, at the time an account is opened, certify under penalties of perjury that the social security number or taxpayer identification number furnished is correct and that he or she is not subject to backup withholding. From time to time, the shareholder may also be requested to provide certification of the validity of their taxpayer identification number.
Foreign Shareholders
Dividends paid by any of the Funds from net investment income and net realized short-term capital gains to a shareholder who is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate, a foreign corporation or a foreign partnership (a foreign shareholder) will be subject to United States withholding tax at a rate of 30% unless a reduced rate of withholding or a withholding exemption is provided under an applicable tax treaty. Foreign shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors concerning the applicability of the United States withholding tax and any foreign taxes.
Other Tax Consequences
In addition to the United States federal income tax consequences described above, there may be other foreign, United States federal, state or local tax considerations and estate tax considerations applicable to the circumstances of a particular investor. The foregoing discussion is based upon the Code, judicial decisions and administrative regulations, rulings and practices in effect as of January 2013, all of which are subject to change and which, if changed, may be applied retroactively to a Fund, its shareholders and/or its assets. No rulings have been sought from the IRS or any other tax authority with respect to any of the tax matters discussed above.
From time to time, proposals are introduced before the United States Congress that if enacted would affect the foregoing discussion with respect to taxes and could also affect the availability of certain investments to a Fund.
The information included in the Prospectus with respect to taxes, including this section entitled Dividends, Distributions and Taxes, is a general and abbreviated summary of applicable provisions of the Code and Regulations as interpreted by the courts and the IRS as of January 2013 and is not intended as tax advice to any person. The Code and Regulations, as well as the current interpretations thereof, may be changed at any time by legislative, judicial, or administrative action. Accordingly, prospective purchasers are urged to consult their own tax advisors with specific reference to their own tax situation, including the potential application of United States federal, state, local and foreign tax laws.
Except as expressly set forth above, the foregoing discussion of United States federal income tax law relates solely to the application of that law to United States persons, i.e., United States citizens and residents and United States corporations, partnerships, trusts and estates. Each shareholder who is not a United States person should consider the United States and foreign tax consequences of ownership of shares of a Fund, including the possibility that such a shareholder may be subject to a United States withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or at a lower rate under an applicable tax treaty) on amounts constituting ordinary income received by him or her, where such amounts are treated as income from United States sources under the Code. The foregoing discussion does not address the special tax rules applicable to certain classes of investors, such as dealers in securities or currencies, traders in securities, banks, tax-exempt entities, life insurance companies, persons holding an interest in a Fund as a hedge or as part of a straddle or conversion transaction, or holders whose functional currency is not the United States dollar.
Tax Sheltered Retirement Plans
Shares of the Funds are offered in connection with the following retirement plans: IRA, Rollover IRA, SEP-IRA, SIMPLE IRA, Roth IRA, 401(k), Profit-Sharing, Money Purchase Pension Plans and certain 403(b) Retirement Plans. Write or call the Distributor at 800.243.4361 for further information about the plans.
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Merrill Lynch Daily K Plan
Class A Shares of a Fund are made available to Merrill Lynch Daily K Plan (the Plan) participants at NAV without an initial sales charge if:
(i) the Plan is recordkept on a daily valuation basis by Merrill Lynch and, on the date the Plan Sponsor signs the Merrill Lynch Recordkeeping Service Agreement, the Plan has $3 million or more in assets invested in broker-dealer funds not advised or managed by Merrill Lynch Asset Management L.P. (MLAM) that are made available pursuant to a Service Agreement between Merrill Lynch and the funds principal underwriter or distributor and in funds advised or managed by MLAM (collectively, the Applicable Investments);
(ii) the Plan is recordkept on a daily valuation basis by an independent recordkeeper whose services are provided through a contract or alliance arrangement with Merrill Lynch, and, on the date the Plan Sponsor signs the Merrill Lynch Recordkeeping Service Agreement, the Plan has $3 million or more in assets, excluding money market funds, invested in Applicable Investments; or
(iii) the Plan has 500 or more eligible employees, as determined by a Merrill Lynch plan conversion manager, on the date the Plan Sponsor signs the Merrill Lynch Recordkeeping Service Agreement.
Alternatively, Class B Shares of a Fund are made available to Plan participants at NAV without a CDSC if the Plan conforms with the requirements for eligibility set forth in (i) through (iii) above but either does not meet the $3 million asset threshold or does not have 500 or more employees.
Plans recordkept on a daily basis by Merrill Lynch or an independent recordkeeper under a contract with Merrill Lynch that are currently investing in Class B Shares of a Fund convert to Class A Shares once the Plan has reached $5 million invested in Applicable Investments, or after the normal holding period of seven years from the initial date of purchase.
Performance information for the Funds (and any class of the Funds) may be included in advertisements, sales literature or reports to shareholders or prospective investors. Performance information in advertisements and sales literature may be expressed as a yield of a class of shares and as a total return of a class of shares.
The Funds may from time to time include in advertisements containing total return the ranking of those performance figures relative to such figures for groups of mutual funds having similar investment objectives as categorized by ranking services such as Lipper Analytical Services, Inc., CDA Investment Technologies, Inc., Weisenberger Financial Services, Inc. and Morningstar, Inc. Additionally, each Fund may compare its performance results to other investment or savings vehicles (such as certificates of deposit) and may refer to results published in various publications such as Changing Times, Forbes, Fortune, Money, Barrons, Business Week and Investors Business Daily, Stangers Mutual Fund Monitor, The Stanger Register, Stangers Investment Adviser, The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, Consumer Reports, Registered Representative, Financial Planning, Financial Services Weekly, Financial World, U.S. News and World Report, Standard & Poors The Outlook and Personal Investor . The Funds may from time to time illustrate the benefits of tax deferral by comparing taxable investments to investments made through tax-deferred retirement plans. The total return may also be used to compare the performance of each Fund against certain widely acknowledged outside standards or indices for stock and bond market performance, such as the S&P 500 ® Index, Dow Jones Industrial Average, Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index, Russell Midcap ® Growth Index, MSCI EAFE Index ® (Europe Australia Far East), Consumer Price Index, Barclays Capital California Municipal Bond Index, Barclays Capital U.S. High-Yield 2% Issuer Capped Bond Index, B of A Merrill Lynch 1-2.99 year Medium Quality Corporate Bonds Index, MSCI World Index, FTSE EPRA/NAREIT Developed Rental ex-U.S. Index, Citigroup 90-Day Treasury Bill Index and FTSE NAREIT U.S. Real Estate Index
Advertisements, sales literature and other communications may contain information about the Funds and their subadvisers current investment strategies and management style. Current strategies and style may change to allow the Funds to respond quickly to changing market and economic conditions. From time to time the Funds may include specific portfolio holdings or industries in such communications. To illustrate components of overall performance, each Fund may separate its cumulative and average annual returns into income and capital gains components.
Performance information reflects only the performance of a hypothetical investment in each class during the particular time period on which the calculations are based. Performance information should be considered in light of a Funds investment objectives and policies, characteristics and quality of the portfolio, and the market condition during the given time period, and should not be considered as a representation of what may be achieved in the future.
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Total Return
Standardized quotations of average annual total return for each class of shares will be expressed in terms of the average annual compounded rate of return for a hypothetical investment in such class of shares over periods of 1, 5 and 10 years or up to the life of the class of shares, calculated for each class separately pursuant to the following formula: P((1+T)(n)) = ERV (where P = a hypothetical initial payment of $1,000, T = the average annual total return, n = the number of years, and ERV = the ending redeemable value of a hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the beginning of the period). All total return figures reflect the deduction of a proportional share of each classs expenses (on an annual basis), deduction of the maximum initial sales load in the case of Class A Shares and the maximum CDSC applicable to a complete redemption of the investment in the case of Class B Shares, Class C Shares and Class T Shares, and assume that all dividends and distributions on each class of shares are reinvested when paid.
For average after-tax total return, the SEC rules mandate several assumptions, including that the calculations use the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates at the time of reinvestment, and that the calculations do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investors tax situation and may differ from those shown. These returns, for instance, assume that an investor has sufficient capital gains of the same character from other investments to offset any capital losses from the redemption. As a result, returns after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares may exceed returns after taxes on distributions (but before sale of Fund shares). These returns are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements.
The Funds may also compute cumulative total return for specified periods based on a hypothetical account with an assumed initial investment of $10,000. The cumulative total return is determined by dividing the NAV of this account at the end of the specified period by the value of the initial investment and is expressed as a percentage. Calculation of cumulative total return reflects payment of the of the Class A Shares maximum sales charge of 4.75% for the fixed income funds (2.25% for the Short Term Bond Fund) and 5.75% for the equity funds and assumes reinvestment of all income dividends and capital gain distributions during the period.
The Funds also may quote annual, average annual and annualized total return and cumulative total return performance data, for any class of shares of the Funds, both as a percentage and as a dollar amount based on a hypothetical $10,000 investment for various periods other than those noted above. Such data will be computed as described above, except that (1) the rates of return calculated will not be average annual rates, but rather, actual annual, annualized or cumulative rates of return and (2) the maximum applicable sales charge will not be included with respect to annual, annualized or cumulative rate of return calculations.
Yield
The 30-day yield quotation as to a class of shares may be computed by dividing the net investment income for the period as to shares of that class by the maximum offering price of each share of that class on the last day of the period, according to the following formula:
YIELD |
= |
2[( a-b + 1) 6 - 1] |
||||
cd |
Where:
a = dividends and interest earned during the period.
b = net expenses accrued for the period.
c = the average daily number of shares of the class outstanding during the period that were entitled to receive dividends.
d = the maximum offering price per share of the class on the last day of the period.
The fiscal year of the Trust ends on September 30. The Trust will send financial statements to its shareholders at least semiannually. An annual report containing financial statements audited by the Trusts independent registered public accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, will be sent to shareholders each year and is available without charge upon request.
The Funds financial statements for the Trusts fiscal year ended September 30, 2012, appearing in the Funds 2012 Annual Report to Shareholders, are incorporated herein by reference.
125
APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF RATINGS
Description of Certain Bond Ratings
Moodys Investors Service, Inc.
Aaa Bonds that are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as gilt edge. Interest payments are protected by a large or exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.
Aa Bonds that are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group the comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuations of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.
A Bonds that are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.
Baa Bonds that are rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.
Moodys also provides credit ratings for preferred stocks. Preferred stock occupies a junior position to bonds within a particular capital structure.
aaa An issue that is rated aaa is considered to be a top-quality preferred stock. This rating indicates good asset protection and the least risk of dividend impairment within the universe of preferred stocks.
aa An issue that is rated aa is considered a high-grade preferred stock. This rating indicates that there is a reasonable assurance that earnings and asset protection will remain relatively well maintained in the foreseeable future.
a An issue that is rated a is considered to be an upper-medium grade preferred stock. While risks are judged to be somewhat greater than in the aaa and aa classifications, earnings and asset protections are, nevertheless, expected to be maintained at adequate levels.
baa An issue that is rated baa is considered to be a medium grade preferred stock, neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Earnings and asset protection appear adequate at present but may be questionable over any great length of time.
Moodys ratings for municipal notes and other short-term loans are designated Moodys Investment Grade (MIG). This distinction is in recognition of the differences between short-term and long-term credit risk. Loans bearing the designation MIG 1 are of the best quality, enjoying strong protection by establishing cash flows of funds for their servicing or by established and broad-based access to the market for refinancing, or both. Loans bearing the designation MIG 2 are of high quality, with margins of protection ample although not so large as in the preceding group. A short term issue having a demand feature (i.e., payment relying on external liquidity and usually payable on demand rather than fixed maturity dates) is differentiated by Moodys with the use of the Symbol VMIG, instead of MIG.
Standard & Poors Corporation
AAA Bonds rated AAA have the higher rating assigned by Standard & Poors Corporation. Capacity to pay interest and repay principal is extremely strong.
AA Bonds rated AA have a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal and differ from the higher rated issues only in small degree.
A Bonds rated A have a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal, although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than bonds in higher rated categories.
126
BBB Bonds rated BBB are regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Whereas they normally exhibit adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for bonds in this category than in higher rated categories.
S&Ps top ratings for municipal notes issued after July 29, 1984 are SP-1 and SP-2. The designation SP-1 indicates a very strong capacity to pay principal and interest. A + is added for those issues determined to possess overwhelming safety characteristics. An SP-2 designation indicates a satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest.
Commercial paper rated A-2 or better by S&P is described as having a very strong degree of safety regarding timeliness and capacity to repay. Additionally, as a precondition for receiving an S&P commercial paper rating, a bank credit line and/or liquid assets must be present to cover the amount of commercial paper outstanding at all times.
The Moodys Prime-2 rating and above indicates a strong capacity for repayment of short-term promissory obligations.
127
APPENDIX B PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS
The following table sets forth information as of January 3, 2013 with respect to each person who owns of record or is known by the Trust to own of record or beneficially 5% or more of any class of the Trusts outstanding equity securities.
Name of Shareholder |
Fund and Class |
Percentage of Class |
Number of Shares |
|||||||
Robert Adler Westport, CT 06880-6834 |
Herzfeld Fund Class I | 5.37 | % | 9,095.060 | ||||||
American Enterprise Investment Svc (1) 707 2 nd Ave. S Minneapolis, MN 55402-2405 |
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 13.25 | % | 1,149,582.594 | ||||||
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 23.98 | % | 4,045,768.894 | |||||||
AlphaSecor SM Rotation Fund Class C | 6.67 | % | 958,603.690 | |||||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class A | 6.55 | % | 350,578.204 | |||||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class C | 5.76 | % | 264,375.869 | |||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 22.88 | % | 8,062,423.471 | |||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 7.47 | % | 828,623.658 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Debt Fund Class A | 6.27 | % | 30,535.339 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Debt Fund Class C | 14.51 | % | 3,578.329 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund Class A | 30.08 | % | 13,169.070 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund Class C | 17.74 | % | 4,876.725 | |||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund Class A | 16.35 | % | 3,871,992.485 | |||||||
Global Dividend Fund Class A | 19.72 | % | 756,142.867 | |||||||
Global Dividend Fund Class C | 10.15 | % | 113,167.464 | |||||||
Global Opportunities Fund Class C | 8.28 | % | 22,714.373 | |||||||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 6.75 | % | 247,597.769 | |||||||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 15.97 | % | 487,377.454 | |||||||
Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 7.32 | % | 43,676.316 | |||||||
Greater Asia Ex Japan Opportunities Fund Class C | 26.29 | % | 7,520.349 | |||||||
Greater European Opportunities Fund Class C | 7.70 | % | 1,941.813 | |||||||
Herzfeld Fund Class A | 5.13 | % | 5,762.082 | |||||||
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 5.52 | % | 75,760.445 | |||||||
International Small-Cap Fund Class A | 20.58 | % | 4,064.495 | |||||||
International Small-Cap Fund Class C | 13.60 | % | 2,388.535 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class A | 12.22 | % | 2,484,867.055 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class A | 12.50 | % | 92,151,101.146 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class C | 8.00 | % | 26,456,448.488 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 26.62 | % | 28,413,064.227 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 6.19 | % | 4,273,316.044 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 7.58 | % | 1,758,218.990 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class B | 5.60 | % | 7,521.119 | |||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund Class A | 7.18 | % | 2,414,046.155 | |||||||
Wealth Masters Fund Class A | 31.86 | % | 66,408.102 | |||||||
Wealth Masters Fund Class C | 14.69 | % | 6,704.560 | |||||||
Ameritrade Inc. | Wealth Masters Fund Class C | 11.58 | % | 5,287.742 | ||||||
P.O. Box 2226 | ||||||||||
Omaha, NE 68103-2226 | ||||||||||
Bank of America of America Cust | International Small-Cap Fund Class I | 14.70 | % | 127,606.406 | ||||||
FBO Morley Builders | ||||||||||
P.O. Box 843869 | ||||||||||
Dallas, TX 75284-3869 | ||||||||||
Barclays Capital Inc. | Herzfeld Fund Class C | 10.45 | % | 37,572.401 | ||||||
70 Hudson St., 7 th Floor | ||||||||||
Jersey City, NJ 07302 |
128
Name of Shareholder |
Fund and Class |
Percentage of Class |
Number of Shares |
|||||||
Barclays Capital Inc. | Herzfeld Fund Class C | 7.75 | % | 27,862.831 | ||||||
70 Hudson St., 7 th Floor | ||||||||||
Jersey City, NJ 07302 | ||||||||||
Barclays Capital Inc. | Herzfeld Fund Class C | 5.19 | % | 18,648.930 | ||||||
70 Hudson St., 7 th Floor | ||||||||||
Jersey City, NJ 07302 | ||||||||||
Barclays Capital Inc. | Herzfeld Fund Class C | 5.13 | % | 18,450.185 | ||||||
70 Hudson St., 7 th Floor | ||||||||||
Jersey City, NJ 07302 | ||||||||||
BNYM I S Trust Co. | High Yield Fund Class B | 13.40 | % | 5,019.177 | ||||||
Cust for the SEP IRA of | ||||||||||
Suzanne Fisler Blatstein | ||||||||||
Meadowbrook, PA 19046-1126 | ||||||||||
BNYM I S Trust Co. | Herzfeld Fund Class C | 11.21 | % | 18,972.003 | ||||||
Cust for the IRA of | ||||||||||
Thomas J. Herzfeld | ||||||||||
Miami Beach, FL 33139-7249 | ||||||||||
BNYM I S Trust Co. | International Small Cap Fund Class A | 5.15 | % | 1,017.544 | ||||||
Cust for the IRA of | ||||||||||
Kurt Paul Kudlock | ||||||||||
Conneaut, OH 44030-3070 | ||||||||||
BNYM I S Trust Co. | Global Commodities Stock Fund Class A | 5.87 | % | 3,868.948 | ||||||
Cust for the SEP IRA of | ||||||||||
Denis L. Labarre | ||||||||||
West Suffield, CT 06093-3502 | ||||||||||
BNYM I S Trust Co. | Bond Fund Class B | 7.24 | % | 3,457.036 | ||||||
C/F Rocky Hill Public Schools 403B | ||||||||||
FBO Louis J Pear | ||||||||||
Portland, CT 06480-1661 | ||||||||||
BNYM I S Trust Co. | Bond Fund Class B | 9.27 | % | 4,426.957 | ||||||
Cust for the Non-DFI Simple IRA of | ||||||||||
Sandra Block Steiker | ||||||||||
Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004-2245 | ||||||||||
BNYM I S Trust Co. | Bond Fund Class B | 8.62 | % | 4,119.084 | ||||||
Cust for the Non-DFI Simple IRA of | ||||||||||
Norma J. Thurlow | ||||||||||
Southfield, MI 48075-7610 | ||||||||||
BNYM I S Trust Co. | International Equity Fund Class A | 7.16 | % | 1,284.450 | ||||||
Cust for the IRA of Karen J. Benson | ||||||||||
Clinton, WA 98236-9710 | ||||||||||
Richard S. Bonnette | Disciplined Equity Style Fund Class A | 21.81 | % | 4,985.928 | ||||||
Frederick, MD 21703-8306 | ||||||||||
Bruce B Broadhead | High Yield Fund Class B | 15.07 | % | 5,642.661 | ||||||
V Brent Cook Trustees | ||||||||||
Sports Mall Inc., 401k | ||||||||||
FBO Richard F. Billings | ||||||||||
Salt Lake City, UT 84103-3619 | ||||||||||
Brown Brothers Harriman and Company (1) 525 Washington Blvd Jersey City, NJ 07310-1606 |
Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund Class A | 44.14 | % | 261,410.047 | ||||||
Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund Class C | 43.45 | % | 12,427.466 | |||||||
Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund Class I | 29.82 | % | 12,710.405 | |||||||
Greater European Opportunities Fund Class A | 51.55 | % | 347,489.047 | |||||||
Greater European Opportunities Fund Class C | 49.74 | % | 12,540.902 | |||||||
Greater European Opportunities Fund Class I | 16.81 | % | 10,448.883 |
129
Name of Shareholder |
Fund and Class |
Percentage of Class |
Number of Shares |
|||||||
Charles Schwab & Co Inc. (1) | AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class A | 7.60 | % | 1,255,962.755 | ||||||
Attn: Mutual Funds Department 101 Montgomery Street San Francisco, CA 94104-4151 |
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class I | 11.32 | % | 536,603.845 | ||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class I | 14.10 | % | 2,006,240.784 | |||||||
Charles Schwab & Co Inc. (1) | Foreign Opportunities Fund Class A | 9.03 | % | 2,139,807.055 | ||||||
Exclusive Benefit of Our Customers | ||||||||||
Reinvest Account | ||||||||||
Attn: Mutual Funds Dept | ||||||||||
101 Montgomery Street | ||||||||||
San Francisco, CA 94104-4151 | ||||||||||
Charles Schwab & Co Inc. (1) | Bond Fund Class I | 17.47 | % | 455,862.409 | ||||||
Reinvest Account | ||||||||||
Attn: Mutual Funds Dept | ||||||||||
101 Montgomery Street | ||||||||||
San Francisco, CA 94104-4151 | ||||||||||
Charles Schwab & Co Inc. (1) | AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class I | 7.92 | % | 866,845.053 | ||||||
Special Custody Acct FBO Customers |
Disciplined Equity Style Fund Class A Disciplined Select Bond Fund Class A Disciplined Select Country Fund Class A Herzfeld Fund Class I High Yield Fund Class B International Equity Fund Class I |
|
21.25
34.22 33.47 5.52 17.69 25.55 |
%
% % % % % |
|
4,857.448
5,228.301 5,030.146 9,337.068 6,625.766 679,796.002 |
|
|||
Attn: Mutual Funds | ||||||||||
101 Montgomery Street | ||||||||||
San Francisco, CA 94104-4151 | ||||||||||
International Small-Cap Fund Class A | 7.73 | % | 1,526.718 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 12.91 | % | 2,992,636.094 | |||||||
Charles Schwab & Co Inc. (1) | Global Commodities Stock Fund Class A | 6.01 | % | 3,966.185 | ||||||
Special Custody Acct for the Exclusive |
Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class A Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I |
|
6.28
27.01 9.19 |
%
% % |
|
37,461.884
991,230.375 12,515,082.586 |
|
|||
Benefit of Customers | ||||||||||
101 Montgomery Street | ||||||||||
San Francisco, CA 94104-4151 | ||||||||||
Edward D. Jones and Co. (1) | Foreign Opportunities Fund Class I | 23.81 | % | 8,135,682.555 | ||||||
For the Benefit of Customers | Real Estate Securities Fund Class I | 27.04 | % | 3,847,827.868 | ||||||
12555 Manchester Road | ||||||||||
St. Louis, MO 63131-3710 | ||||||||||
First Clearing, LLC (1) 2801 Market Street St. Louis, MO 63103 |
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 19.71 | % | 1,710,189.757 | ||||||
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 33.96 | % | 5,730,600.361 | |||||||
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 43.74 | % | 8,480,754.182 | |||||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class A | 7.01 | % | 1,157,787.545 | |||||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class C | 9.79 | % | 1,407,085.860 | |||||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class I | 24.11 | % | 2,638,198.696 | |||||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class A | 5.10 | % | 273,175.250 | |||||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class C | 9.03 | % | 414,788.769 | |||||||
Bond Fund Class C | 10.67 | % | 84,267.873 | |||||||
Bond Fund Class I | 5.87 | % | 153,206.735 | |||||||
California Tax-Exempt Bond Fund Class A | 7.02 | % | 142,962.382 | |||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class B | 5.39 | % | 572.972 | |||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 16.44 | % | 1,822,210.200 | |||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 27.86 | % | 9,461,022.075 | |||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund Class C | 8.58 | % | 290,194.084 | |||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund Class I | 5.82 | % | 1,987,967.122 | |||||||
Global Dividend Fund Class A | 13.52 | % | 518,395.430 | |||||||
Global Dividend Fund Class C | 12.43 | % | 138,578.413 |
130
Name of Shareholder |
Fund and Class |
Percentage of Class |
Number of Shares |
|||||||
Global Opportunities Fund Class C | 17.63 | % | 48,359.563 | |||||||
Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 12.85 | % | 18,100.112 | |||||||
Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class I | 27.80 | % | 287,419.776 | |||||||
High Yield Fund Class C | 20.32 | % | 158,079.650 | |||||||
High Yield Fund Class I | 24.30 | % | 37,752.410 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class A | 6.63 | % | 1,346,725.671 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class C | 12.82 | % | 1,394,105.412 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class I | 8.76 | % | 836,280.390 | |||||||
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 6.12 | % | 84,025.933 | |||||||
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 9.83 | % | 25,457.721 | |||||||
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class I | 5.31 | % | 251,480.168 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class B | 33.85 | % | 183,192.544 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class C | 18.36 | % | 60,760,163.731 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class I | 20.56 | % | 98,757,654.611 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class T | 14.83 | % | 22,954,142.727 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 7.23 | % | 7,711,889.973 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 19.00 | % | 13,116,472.465 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 20.80 | % | 28,320,783.716 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class B | 5.64 | % | 7,577.851 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 6.85 | % | 128,431.735 | |||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund Class C | 14.62 | % | 2,097,472.495 | |||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund Class I | 20.77 | % | 5,055,415.005 | |||||||
Harris Investment Management Inc. | Global Commodities Stock Fund Class C | 41.57 | % | 10,132.762 | ||||||
115 S LaSalle St Fl 11 | ||||||||||
Chicago, IL 60603-3560 | ||||||||||
JP Morgan | Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class I | 13.53 | % | 1,192,878.897 | ||||||
FBO JP Morgan Chase Bank NA | ||||||||||
TTEE United California Bank Ret Plan | ||||||||||
14201 Dallas Parkway, 13 th Floor | ||||||||||
Dallas, TX 75254 | ||||||||||
LPL Financial Services (1) | Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 8.57 | % | 1,661,988.505 | ||||||
9785 Towne Centre Drive San Diego, CA 92121-1968 |
Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class A | 14.89 | % | 797,289.069 | ||||||
Bond Fund Class I | 6.35 | % | 165,757.168 | |||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 17.30 | % | 5,875,421.018 | |||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund Class I | 8.09 | % | 2,762,108.845 | |||||||
Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund Class I | 7.65 | % | 3,263.060 | |||||||
Greater European Opportunities Fund Class I | 17.24 | % | 10,713.057 | |||||||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 26.11 | % | 728,259.780 | |||||||
Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 8.07 | % | 48,128.884 | |||||||
International Equity Fund Class A | 5.94 | % | 1,065.295 | |||||||
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class I | 9.35 | % | 443,299.680 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 5.68 | % | 7,734,303.026 | |||||||
Wealth Masters Fund Class I | 5.55 | % | 8,146.148 | |||||||
LPL Financial Services | International Equity Fund Class C | 8.43 | % | 1,211.240 | ||||||
9785 Towne Centre Drive | ||||||||||
San Diego, CA 92121-1968 | ||||||||||
LPL Financial Services | International Equity Fund Class C | 5.54 | % | 795.777 | ||||||
9785 Towne Centre Drive | ||||||||||
San Diego, CA 92121-1968 |
131
Name of Shareholder |
Fund and Class |
Percentage of Class |
Number of Shares |
|||||||
Maril & Co. (1) | Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class I | 44.41 | % | 3,914,574.199 | ||||||
FBO JD C/O M&I Trust Co NA, | ||||||||||
Attn: MF | ||||||||||
11270 West Park Pl, Ste 400 | ||||||||||
Milwaukee, WI 53224 | ||||||||||
Mitra & Co. (1) | International Equity Fund Class I | 33.32 | % | 886,511.100 | ||||||
FBO 98 c/o M&I Trust Co NA, Attn: MF | ||||||||||
11270 West Park Pl, Ste 400 | ||||||||||
Milwaukee, WI 53224-3638 | ||||||||||
MLPF&S (1) | Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 5.55 | % | 1,076,356.264 | ||||||
For the Sole Benefit of its Customers Attn: Fund Administration 4800 Deer Lake Drive E 3 rd Floor Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484 |
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class A | 9.26 | % | 1,530,209.228 | ||||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class C | 27.64 | % | 3,973,555.086 | |||||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class I | 28.61 | % | 3,130,679.850 | |||||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class A | 11.52 | % | 616,715.103 | |||||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class C | 26.25 | % | 1,205,897.145 | |||||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class I | 13.99 | % | 1,232,802.532 | |||||||
Bond Fund Class A | 6.45 | % | 356,073.110 | |||||||
Bond Fund Class C | 12.23 | % | 96,538.840 | |||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 15.47 | % | 5,251,979.474 | |||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund Class C | 18.38 | % | 621,780.407 | |||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund Class I | 5.85 | % | 1,997,592.406 | |||||||
Global Dividend Fund Class A | 8.37 | % | 320,782.753 | |||||||
Global Dividend Fund Class C | 26.37 | % | 293,971.068 | |||||||
Global Dividend Fund Class I | 5.32 | % | 256,661.652 | |||||||
Global Opportunities Fund Class C | 32.56 | % | 89,324.250 | |||||||
High Yield Fund Class C | 9.81 | % | 76,354.684 | |||||||
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 7.86 | % | 20,367.551 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class A | 6.87 | % | 1,395,799.824 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class C | 25.12 | % | 2,732,268.963 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class I | 32.39 | % | 3,091,860.058 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class I | 26.82 | % | 128,834,408.495 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class T | 32.71 | % | 50,630,768.358 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 18.11 | % | 12,498,200.405 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 22.41 | % | 30,518,355.492 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class B | 11.71 | % | 15,719.625 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 12.86 | % | 241,022.645 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class I | 5.15 | % | 733,192.674 | |||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund Class C | 16.21 | % | 2,325,551.896 | |||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund Class I | 23.68 | % | 5,763,290.909 | |||||||
MLPF&S (1) | Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 28.54 | % | 10,053,754.794 | ||||||
For the Sole Benefit of its Customers |
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class B Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class C |
|
29.76
14.90 |
%
% |
|
3,160.664
1,651,362.716 |
|
|||
Attn: Fund Administration | ||||||||||
4800 Deer Lake Drive E FL 2 | ||||||||||
Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484 | ||||||||||
Rainer Mohaupt | Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund Class I | 10.99 | % | 4,684.171 | ||||||
Acapulco Gro Mexico | ||||||||||
Morgan Stanley & Co. FBO: Jaideep Singh Bajaj & Adarsh K. Bajaj Princeton, NJ 08540 |
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 5.95 | % | 15,406.967 | ||||||
132
Name of Shareholder |
Fund and Class |
Percentage of Class |
Number of Shares |
|||||||
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney (1) Harborside Financial Center Plaza 2 FL 3 Jersey City, NJ 07311 |
Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 5.01 | % | 972,190.469 | ||||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class A | 5.63 | % | 930,861.919 | |||||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class C | 19.32 | % | 2,777,678.098 | |||||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class I | 28.98 | % | 3,171,581.097 | |||||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class A | 5.10 | % | 273,103.941 | |||||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class C | 29.44 | % | 1,352,287.402 | |||||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class I | 14.14 | % | 1,246,356.268 | |||||||
Bond Fund Class C | 12.92 | % | 102,026.193 | |||||||
California Tax-Exempt Bond Fund Class A | 6.87 | % | 139,946.059 | |||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class B | 48.85 | % | 5,188.524 | |||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 28.70 | % | 3,181,873.455 | |||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 23.00 | % | 7,809,340.458 | |||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund Class A | 15.18 | % | 3,595,890.905 | |||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund Class C | 20.12 | % | 680,962.953 | |||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund Class I | 21.08 | % | 7,202,908.368 | |||||||
Global Dividend Fund Class C | 12.53 | % | 139,725.232 | |||||||
Global Opportunities Fund Class A | 6.78 | % | 487,073.104 | |||||||
Global Opportunities Fund Class C | 7.22 | % | 19,812.246 | |||||||
Global Opportunities Fund Class I | 88.59 | % | 2,372,172.513 | |||||||
High Yield Fund Class C | 10.27 | % | 79,870.677 | |||||||
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 24.54 | % | 63,582.450 | |||||||
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class I | 5.32 | % | 251,910.912 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class C | 19.29 | % | 2,098,749.430 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class C | 38.25 | % | 3,650,914.351 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class A | 15.25 | % | 112,457,120.348 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class B | 15.60 | % | 84,415.131 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class C | 20.52 | % | 67,889,561.566 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class I | 26.75 | % | 128,517,541.888 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class T | 25.63 | % | 39,678,106.802 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 6.01 | % | 6,415,512.264 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 23.25 | % | 16,045,509.856 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 20.24 | % | 27,558,354.602 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 6.00 | % | 1,390,572.684 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class B | 10.98 | % | 14,747.795 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 13.14 | % | 246,392.768 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class I | 5.12 | % | 729,162.246 | |||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund Class A | 5.04 | % | 1,693,557.200 | |||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund Class C | 23.24 | % | 3,334,327.051 | |||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund Class I | 24.71 | % | 6,013,369.924 | |||||||
NFS LLC | Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund Class C | 13.85 | % | 83,748.802 | ||||||
FEBO Central Trust & Inv Co. | ||||||||||
Trust Operations | ||||||||||
Jefferson City, MO 65101-3207 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC | Bond Fund Class B | 5.74 | % | 2,743.669 | ||||||
FEBO Joseph E. Adams | ||||||||||
Akron, OH 44301-2516 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC | Herzfeld Fund Class I | 11.07 | % | 18,726.592 | ||||||
FEBO Jennifer Nettesheim Berg | ||||||||||
Boston, MA 02118 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC | International Small-Cap Fund Class I | 9.75 | % | 84,675.339 | ||||||
FEBO Richard Bergmark | ||||||||||
Toni Bergmark | ||||||||||
Houston, TX 77019 |
133
Name of Shareholder |
Fund and Class |
Percentage of Class |
Number of Shares |
|||||||
NFS LLC | Herzfeld Fund Class I | 11.75 | % | 19,888.355 | ||||||
FEBO Jeffrey T. Cerutti | ||||||||||
Rebecca Cerutti | ||||||||||
Pound Ridge, NY 10576-1736 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC | High Yield Fund Class A | 5.39 | % | 1,237,256.887 | ||||||
FEBO Sara G. Griffith TTEE | ||||||||||
Sara G. Griffith 2000 Trust | ||||||||||
Belvedere, CA 94920-2505 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC | California Tax-Exempt Bond Fund Class I | 37.91 | % | 826,141.234 | ||||||
FEBO Donna K. Sefton Ttee | International Small-Cap Fund Class I | 9.10 | % | 79,024.390 | ||||||
Donna K. Sefton Trust | ||||||||||
San Diego, CA 92103-6624 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC | Wealth Masters Fund Class I | 8.79 | % | 12,902.939 | ||||||
FEBO Harvey S. Hendler TTEE | ||||||||||
Wayne, NJ 07470 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC | Wealth Masters Fund Class I | 7.04 | % | 10,338.681 | ||||||
FEBO Susan J. Hendler | ||||||||||
Wayne, NJ 07470 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC (1) | High yield Fund Class I | 35.73 | % | 55,521.460 | ||||||
FEBO FIIOC as Agent for Qualified |
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class I Real Estate Securities Fund Class I |
|
6.88
11.12 |
%
% |
|
656,656.496
1,581,639.286 |
|
|||
Employee Benefit Plans (401K) | ||||||||||
Finops IC Funds | ||||||||||
100 Magellan Way KW1C | ||||||||||
Covington, KY 41015-1987 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC | International Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 13.07 | % | 33,869.960 | ||||||
FEBO National Trust Mgmt Services Trustee | ||||||||||
Valley Hospital Option IT Plan | ||||||||||
FBO Richard Keenan Valley | ||||||||||
Wyckoff, NJ 07481 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC | High Yield Fund Class I | 10.62 | % | 16,501.834 | ||||||
FEBO Andrew Kirk Marckwald Jr. | ||||||||||
San Francisco, CA 94115-1545 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC | California Tax-Exempt Bond Fund Class I | 30.55 | % | 665,712.601 | ||||||
FEBO Harley K. Sefton Ttee | International Small-Cap Fund Class I | 7.12 | % | 61,853.659 | ||||||
Donna K Sefton Irrev Trust | ||||||||||
San Diego, CA 92103-6624 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC | Wealth Masters Fund Class I | 9.10 | % | 13,357.079 | ||||||
FEBO Strategies & Tactics | ||||||||||
Sole Proprietorship | ||||||||||
Wayne, NJ 07470 | ||||||||||
NFS LLC | Emerging Markets Debt Fund Class A | 16.72 | % | 81,417.625 | ||||||
FEBO The Northern Trust Company | ||||||||||
P.O. Box 92956 | ||||||||||
Chicago, IL 60675-0001 |
134
Name of Shareholder |
Fund and Class |
Percentage of Class |
Number of Shares |
|||||||
NFS LLC (1) | Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 5.46 | % | 152,435.052 | ||||||
FEBO US Bank National Association | ||||||||||
1555 N Rivercenter Dr Ste 302 | ||||||||||
Milwaukee, WI 53212-3958 | ||||||||||
Peoples Securities, Inc. | High Yield Fund Class B | 5.22 | % | 1,953.169 | ||||||
1000 Lafayette Blvd | ||||||||||
P.O. Box 31 | ||||||||||
Bridgeport, CT 06601 | ||||||||||
Peoples Securities, Inc. | High Yield Fund Class B | 5.22 | % | 1,953.169 | ||||||
1000 Lafayette Blvd | ||||||||||
P.O. Box 31 | ||||||||||
Bridgeport, CT 06601 | ||||||||||
Pershing LLC (1) | Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 18.45 | % | 1,601,092.803 | ||||||
1 Pershing Plaza | Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 6.51 | % | 1,097,635.322 | ||||||
Jersey City, NJ 07399-0002 | Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 7.57 | % | 1,467,992.961 | ||||||
AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class A | 8.12 | % | 1,340,937.661 | |||||||
Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class A | 6.11 | % | 327,043.458 | |||||||
Bond Fund Class A | 5.72 | % | 315,869.095 | |||||||
Bond Fund Class C | 5.98 | % | 47,192.620 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Debt Fund Class C | 7.75 | % | 1,910.869 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund Class A | 7.81 | % | 3,419.151 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund Class C | 24.86 | % | 6,834.813 | |||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund Class A | 7.09 | % | 1,679,317.527 | |||||||
Global Commodities Stock Fund Class C | 32.07 | % | 7,818.236 | |||||||
Global Dividend Fund Class A | 8.69 | % | 333,143.960 | |||||||
Global Dividend Fund Class I | 6.46 | % | 311,895.172 | |||||||
Global Opportunities Fund Class A | 6.75 | % | 485,046.636 | |||||||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 25.16 | % | 923,367.870 | |||||||
Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 12.88 | % | 76,829.931 | |||||||
Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 24.39 | % | 34,350.724 | |||||||
Greater Asia ex Japan opportunities Fund Class C | 16.66 | % | 4,764.358 | |||||||
Greater European Opportunities Fund Class A | 18.03 | % | 121,531.783 | |||||||
Greater European Opportunities Fund Class I | 17.54 | % | 10,899.940 | |||||||
Herzfeld Fund Class C | 7.06 | % | 25,397.798 | |||||||
High Yield Fund Class C | 12.29 | % | 95,648.552 | |||||||
International Equity Fund Class A | 17.08 | % | 3,062.601 | |||||||
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 23.58 | % | 323,555.225 | |||||||
International Small-Cap Fund Class A | 5.51 | % | 1,088.871 | |||||||
International Small-Cap Fund Class C | 29.39 | % | 5,160.835 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class A | 7.04 | % | 1,430,110.730 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class B | 81.89 | % | 637,709.213 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class C | 5.93 | % | 644,890.165 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class A | 5.58 | % | 41,131,519.444 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 6.39 | % | 6,816,391.860 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 10.23 | % | 2,370,940.201 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class B | 14.99 | % | 20,123.061 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 5.15 | % | 96,512.879 | |||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund Class A | 7.25 | % | 2,438,525.370 | |||||||
Wealth Masters Fund Class C | 14.71 | % | 6,712.385 | |||||||
PTS Asset Management | High Yield Fund Class I | 13.42 | % | 20,849.739 | ||||||
William F. Wadsworth | ||||||||||
A Partnership | ||||||||||
565 Washington Ave. Ste. 7 | ||||||||||
North Haven, CT 06473-1120 |
135
Name of Shareholder |
Fund and Class |
Percentage of Class |
Number of Shares |
|||||||
Pyrford International Ltd | International Equity Fund Class A | 67.19 | % | 12,175.745 | ||||||
Attn: Drew Newman | International Equity Fund Class C | 83.90 | % | 12,058.531 | ||||||
79 Grosvenor Street | ||||||||||
London, England W1K 3JU | ||||||||||
Raymond James (1) | Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 8.61 | % | 747,124.978 | ||||||
Omnibus for Mutual Funds | Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class A | 8.40 | % | 449,660.656 | ||||||
Attn: Courtney Waller | Bond Fund Class B | 7.16 | % | 3,418.917 | ||||||
880 Carillon Parkway | Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund Class C | 6.96 | % | 1,913.876 | ||||||
St. Petersburg, FL 33716 | Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 17.01 | % | 474,511.133 | ||||||
Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 8.11 | % | 48,398.994 | |||||||
Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 8.16 | % | 11,500.759 | |||||||
Greater European Opportunities Fund Class A | 12.16 | % | 81,931.960 | |||||||
Greater European Opportunities Fund Class C | 21.58 | % | 5,441.052 | |||||||
Greater European Opportunities Fund Class I | 12.37 | % | 7,685.404 | |||||||
Herzfeld Fund Class A | 10.02 | % | 11,251.049 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class B | 9.02 | % | 12,106.709 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 23.73 | % | 444,933.769 | |||||||
Wealth Masters Fund Class C | 7.43 | % | 3,391.269 | |||||||
RBC Capital Markets LLC (1) | Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 10.32 | % | 2,001,792.199 | ||||||
Mutual Fund Omnibus Processing |
Herzfeld Fund Class A Real Estate Securities Fund Class C |
|
10.54
5.71 |
%
% |
|
11,837.021
107,129.435 |
|
|||
Attn: Mutual Fund Ops Manager | ||||||||||
60 S. 6 th St. | ||||||||||
Minneapolis, MN 55402-4400 | ||||||||||
Reliance Trust Company FBO (1) | Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 6.26 | % | 1,451,695.121 | ||||||
P.O. Box 48529 | ||||||||||
Atlanta, GA 30362 | ||||||||||
Reliance Trust Company FBO (1) |
Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund Class I Greater European Opportunities Fund Class I |
|
38.09
16.87 |
%
% |
|
16,235.113
10,487.057 |
|
|||
Vontobel Asset | ||||||||||
P.O. Box 48529 | ||||||||||
Atlanta, GA 30362 | ||||||||||
Sales Marketing Services LLC | Herzfeld Fund Class A | 12.74 | % | 14,309.849 | ||||||
344 Vincent Ave. | Wealth Masters Fund Class A | 9.77 | % | 20,368.042 | ||||||
Matairie, LA 70005-4420 | ||||||||||
Diane Semon | Herzfeld Fund Class A | 10.62 | % | 11,924.547 | ||||||
Norwood, NJ 07648-2011 | ||||||||||
Stifel Nicolaus & Co Inc. | Emerging Market Equity Income Fund Class C | 7.93 | % | 2,179.837 | ||||||
Gayle E. Sparks IRA | ||||||||||
501 North Broadway | ||||||||||
St. Louis, MO 63102 | ||||||||||
TD Ameritrade Inc. (1) | Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class I | 7.21 | % | 201,221.193 | ||||||
For the Exclusive Benefit of Our Clients |
Greater European Opportunities Fund Class I Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class I |
|
14.46
5.45 |
%
% |
|
8,987.569
26,198,540.585 |
|
|||
P.O. Box 2226 | ||||||||||
Omaha, NE 68103-2226 | ||||||||||
UBS WM USA (1) | Allocator Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 12.52 | % | 1,086,588.471 | ||||||
Omni Account M/F | AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class A | 27.23 | % | 4,498,599.062 | ||||||
Attn: Department Manager | AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund Class C | 14.50 | % | 2,085,107.995 | ||||||
1000 Harbor Blvd FL 5 | Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class A | 18.21 | % | 975,064.054 | ||||||
Weehawken, NJ 07086-6761 | Alternatives Diversifier Fund Class C | 8.47 | % | 388,876.150 |
136
Name of Shareholder |
Fund and Class |
Percentage of Class |
Number of Shares |
|||||||
Bond Fund Class C | 28.10 | % | 221,864.616 | |||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 27.37 | % | 9,641,429.245 | |||||||
Dynamic AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 9.72 | % | 1,077,900.123 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Debt Fund Class A | 55.96 | % | 272,399.284 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Debt Fund Class C | 34.80 | % | 8,583.275 | |||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund Class A | 8.33 | % | 1,974,164.271 | |||||||
Foreign Opportunities Fund Class C | 8.13 | % | 275,151.890 | |||||||
Global Dividend Fund Class A | 8.72 | % | 334,228.621 | |||||||
Global Dividend Fund Class C | 12.36 | % | 137,796.164 | |||||||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 11.68 | % | 428,662.600 | |||||||
Global Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 13.42 | % | 409,418.545 | |||||||
Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 5.42 | % | 32,363.337 | |||||||
Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 7.59 | % | 10,697.981 | |||||||
High Yield Fund Class C | 10.18 | % | 79,189.485 | |||||||
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 11.21 | % | 153,887.345 | |||||||
International Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 7.63 | % | 19,764.053 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class A | 35.72 | % | 7,260,605.723 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund Class C | 21.26 | % | 2,312,721.043 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class A | 44.92 | % | 331,172,950.083 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class C | 27.15 | % | 89,823,713.505 | |||||||
Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund Class T | 13.75 | % | 21,283,565.183 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class A | 26.90 | % | 28,702,673.283 | |||||||
Premium AlphaSector SM Fund Class C | 8.28 | % | 5,714,750.356 | |||||||
Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 6.80 | % | 127,416.662 | |||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund Class A | 65.54 | % | 22,035,752.787 | |||||||
Senior Floating Rate Fund Class C | 27.33 | % | 3,921,563.923 | |||||||
VP Distributors Inc. | Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 17.43 | % | 103,992.832 | ||||||
Attn: Corp Accounting | Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class C | 9.06 | % | 12,764.834 | ||||||
100 Pearl Street | High Yield Fund Class I | 15.94 | % | 24,763.292 | ||||||
Hartford, CT 06103-4506 | International Real Estate Securities Fund Class A | 20.78 | % | 285,227.090 | ||||||
Virtus Diversifier Fund | Global Commodities Stock Fund Class I | 89.99 | % | 2,426,245.902 | ||||||
Attn: Amy Robinson | Global Dividend Fund Class I | 67.12 | % | 3,240,910.323 | ||||||
c/o Virtus Investment Partners | Global Real Estate Securities Fund Class I | 57.64 | % | 595,986.064 | ||||||
100 Pearl Street | International Real Estate Securities Fund Class I | 63.44 | % | 3,006,431.518 | ||||||
Hartford, CT 06103-4506 | Senior Floating Rate Fund Class I | 5.50 | % | 1,338,107.513 | ||||||
Virtus Partners Inc. Collateral | Disciplined Equity Style Fund Class A | 44.12 | % | 10,084.103 | ||||||
FBO BNY Mellon | Disciplined Equity Style Fund Class C | 96.37 | % | 10,082.051 | ||||||
100 Pearl St. 8 th Floor | Disciplined Equity Style Fund Class I | 100.00 | % | 80,681.026 | ||||||
Hartford, CT 06103 | Disciplined Select Bond Fund Class A | 65.78 | % | 10,049.931 | ||||||
Disciplined Select Bond Fund Class C | 100.00 | % | 10,035,944 | |||||||
Disciplined Select Bond Fund Class I | 100.00 | % | 80,439.459 | |||||||
Disciplined Select Country Fund Class A | 66.53 | % | 10,000.000 | |||||||
Disciplined Select Country Fund Class C | 100.00 | % | 10,000.000 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Debt Fund Class C | 41.57 | % | 10,251.712 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Debt Fund Class I | 99.59 | % | 2,557,257.189 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund Class A | 23.25 | % | 10,179.279 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund Class C | 36.99 | % | 10,169.675 | |||||||
Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund Class I | 80.88 | % | 488,908.108 | |||||||
Herzfeld Fund Class A | 9.04 | % | 10,152.189 | |||||||
Herzfeld Fund Class I | 48.04 | % | 81,303.595 | |||||||
International Small-Cap Fund Class A | 50.79 | % | 10,029.081 | |||||||
International Small-Cap Fund Class C | 57.00 | % | 10,007.505 | |||||||
International Small-Cap Fund Class I | 32.36 | % | 281,024.390 | |||||||
Wealth Masters Fund Class C | 22.15 | % | 10,109.239 | |||||||
Wealth Masters Fund Class I | 55.25 | % | 81,120.308 |
137
Name of Shareholder |
Fund and Class |
Percentage of Class |
Number of Shares |
|||||||
Vontobel Asset Management Inc. | Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund Class A | 38.95 | % | 230,651.542 | ||||||
1540 Broadway 38 th Floor | ||||||||||
New York, NY 10036-4039 | ||||||||||
Wedbush Securities | Herzfeld Fund Class A | 8.06 | % | 9,048.054 | ||||||
1000 Wilshire Blvd. | ||||||||||
Los Angeles, CA 90017 | ||||||||||
Wells Fargo Bank NA | International Equity Fund Class I | 32.81 | % | 872,836.751 | ||||||
FBO Jewish Fed Endow Lt Alt Inv-Israel | ||||||||||
P.O. Box 1533 | ||||||||||
Minneapolis, MN 55480 | ||||||||||
Wells Fargo Bank NA | International Equity Fund Class I | 5.63 | % | 149,777.355 | ||||||
FBO Jewish Fed of Greater Phila Ret Pla | ||||||||||
P.O. Box 1533 | ||||||||||
Minneapolis, MN 55480-1533 | ||||||||||
Annette Germaine Willikens | High Yield Fund Class B | 11.56 | % | 4,329.284 | ||||||
Goffstown, NH 03045-2563 |
138
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST
PART COTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. | Exhibits |
(a) |
Amended Declaration of Trust. |
1. |
Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated March 1, 2001, filed via EDGAR with Post-Effective Amendment No. 12 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference. |
2. |
Amendment to the Declaration of Trust of Virtus Opportunities Trust (the Registrant), dated November 16, 2006, filed via EDGAR with Post-Effective Amendment No. 23 (File No. 033-65137) on January 30, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
(b) |
Bylaws. |
1. |
Amended and Restated By-Laws dated November 16, 2005, filed via EDGAR with Post-Effective Amendment No. 23 (File No. 033-65137) on January 30, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
2. |
Amendment No. 1 to the Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant, dated August 23, 2006, filed via EDGAR with Post-Effective Amendment No. 23 (File No. 033-65137) on January 30, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
3. |
Amendment No. 2 to the Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant, dated August November 17, 2011, filed via EDGAR with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
(c) |
See Articles III, V, VI and VIII of Registrants Agreement and Declaration of Trust and Articles II and VII of Registrants Bylaws, each as amended. |
(d) |
Investment Advisory Contracts. |
1. |
Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, on behalf of Bond Fund, and Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. (VIA) effective November 20, 2002, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.1) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 14 (File No. 033-65137) on January 29, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference. |
2. |
Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and VIA dated June 8, 2006, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.6) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 22 (File No. 033-65137) on June 9, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference. |
3. |
Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and VIA, dated June 27, 2007, on behalf of CA-Tax Exempt Bond Fund, Global Dividend Fund (formerly Global Infrastructure Fund), High Yield Fund, Market Neutral Fund, Multi-Sector Fixed Income Fund, Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund and Real Estate Securities Fund, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.7) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 (File No. 033-65137) on September 24, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
4. |
Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and VIA dated September 24, 2007, on behalf of Alternatives Diversifier Fund, Foreign Opportunities Fund, Global Opportunities Fund, International Real Estate Securities Fund, AlphaSector Rotation Fund and AlphaSector Allocation Fund, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.10) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 28 (File No. 033-65137) on November 14, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
5. |
Fourth Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, between the Registrant and VIA on behalf of Senior Floating Rate Fund effective as of January 31, 2008, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.13) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 (File No. 033-65137) on January 28, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference. |
6. |
Fifth Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, by and between the Registrant and VIA effective as of October 1, 2008, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.14) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 32 (File No. 033-65137) on January 28, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
7. |
Sixth Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, by and between Registrant and VIA on behalf of Global Real Estate Securities Fund, Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund and Greater European Opportunities Fund effective as of March 2, 2009, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.17) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 (File No. 033-65137) on October 1, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
8. |
Seventh Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, by and between Registrant and VIA effective as of May 29, 2009, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.18) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 (File No. 033-65137) on October 1, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
9. |
Eighth Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, by and between Registrant and VIA effective as of September 29, 2009, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.22) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 (File No. 033-65137) on October 1, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
10. |
Ninth Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, by and between Registrant and VIA effective as of January 1, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.26) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
11. |
Tenth Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, by and between Registrant and VIA effective as of June 30, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.27) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
12. |
Eleventh Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, by and between Registrant and VIA effective as of September 14, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.28) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
13. |
Twelfth Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, by and between Registrant and VIA effective as of January 1, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.29) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
14. |
Thirteenth Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, by and between Registrant and VIA effective as of March 15, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.30) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
15. |
Fourteenth Amendment to Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and VIA effective as of February 6, 2012, on behalf of Dynamic AlphaSector Fund (formerly Market Neutral Fund), filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.15) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
16. |
Fifteenth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and VIA effective as of August 28, 2012, on behalf of Emerging Markets Debt Fund, Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund, Herzfeld Fund, International Small-Cap Fund and Wealth Masters Fund, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.16) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
17. |
Sixteenth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, by and between Registrant and VIA effective as of December 18, 2012, on behalf of Disciplined Equity Style Fund, Disciplined Select Bond Fund and Disciplined Select Country Fund, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.17) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
18. |
*Seventeenth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, by and between Registrant and VIA effective as of June 10, 2013, on behalf of Low Volatility Equity Fund, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
19. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and BMO Asset Management Corp. (formerly Harris Investment Management, Inc.) (BMO) on behalf of Global Commodities Stock Fund dated March 15, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.37) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
20. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Coxe Advisors LLC (Coxe) on behalf of Global Commodities Stock Fund dated March 15, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.19) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
21. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co. (Duff & Phelps), dated June 27, 2007, on behalf of Global Dividend Fund and Real Estate Securities Fund, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.8 ) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 (File No. 033-65137) on September 24, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
a) |
First Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Duff & Phelps dated September 24, 2007, on behalf of International Real Estate Securities Fund, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.11) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 28 (File No. 033-65137) on November 14, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
b) |
Second Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Duff & Phelps on behalf of Global Real Estate Securities Fund dated March 2, 2009, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.20) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 (File No. 033-65137) on October 1, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
c) |
Third Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Duff & Phelps on behalf of Global Dividend Fund, Global Real Estate Securities Fund, International Real Estate Securities Fund and Real Estate Securities Fund dated January 1, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.31) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
22. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Euclid Advisors LLC (Euclid) on behalf of Alternatives Diversifier Fund, AlphaSector Rotation Fund, Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund, Global Premium AlphaSector Fund, and Premium AlphaSector Fund dated September 30, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.32) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
23. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Euclid on behalf of Dynamic AlphaSector Fund dated February 6, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.22) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
24. |
*Interim Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Euclid on behalf of International Equity Fund dated May 23, 2013, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
25. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and F-Squared Investments, Inc. (F-Square Investments)on behalf of AlphaSector Rotation Fund dated September 29, 2009, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.21) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 (File No. 033-65137) on October 1, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
a) |
First Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and F-Squared Investments on behalf of AlphaSector Rotation Fund dated June 30, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.25) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
b) |
Second Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and F-Squared Investments dated March 25, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.34) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
c) |
Assignment and Assumption Agreement between F-Squared Investments and F-Squared Institutional Advisors, LLC (F-Squared Institutional) on behalf of Premium AlphaSector Fund dated August 25, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.33) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
d) |
*Assignment and Assumption Agreement between F-Squared Investments and F-Squared Institutional on behalf of AlphaSector Rotation Fund dated January 1, 2013, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
26. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and F-Squared Institutional, on behalf of Premium AlphaSector Fund dated August 25, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.35) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
a) |
First Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and F-Squared Institutional, on behalf of Premium AlphaSector Fund, Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund and Global Premium AlphaSector Fund dated March 15, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.36) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
b) |
*Assignment and Assumption Agreement between F-Squared Institutional and F-Squared Alternative Investments, LLC (F-Squared Alternative) on behalf of Dynamic AlphaSector Fund dated January 1, 2013, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
27. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Horizon Asset Management LLC (Horizon) on behalf of Wealth Masters Fund dated August 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.25) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
28. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Kayne Anderson Rudnick Investment Management, LLC (Kayne Anderson) on behalf of International Small-Cap Equity Fund dated August 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.26) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
29. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Kleinwort Benson Investors International, Ltd. (KBI) on behalf of Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund dated August 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.27) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
30. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Newfleet Asset Management, LLC (formerly SCM Advisors LLC) (Newfleet) dated July 1, 1998, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.2) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 15 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference. |
a) |
Investment Subadvisory Agreement Amendment between VIA and Newfleet effective July 1, 1998 for the purpose of amending the Subadvisory Agreement of the same date in order to correct a typographical error in such Subadvisory Agreement, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.3) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 15 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference. |
b) |
Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Newfleet dated November 20, 2002, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.4) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 15 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference. |
c) |
Third Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Newfleet dated September 1, 2006, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.5) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 23 (File No. 033-65137) on January 30, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
d) |
Fourth Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Newfleet, on behalf of High Yield Fund, dated June 27, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.9) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 (File No. 033-65137) on September 24, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
e) |
Fifth Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Newfleet, on behalf of Bond Fund and High Yield Fund, dated January 1, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.23) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
f) |
Sixth Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Newfleet on behalf of Multi-Sector Fixed Income Fund, Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund and Senior Floating Rate Fund dated June 2, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.38) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
g) |
Seventh Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Newfleet on behalf of CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund dated September 30, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.39) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
31. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Newfleet on behalf of Emerging Markets Debt Fund dated August 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.29) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
32. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Newfound Investments, LLC (Newfound) on behalf of Disciplined Equity Style Fund, Disciplined Select Bond Fund and Disciplined Select Country Fund dated December 18, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.30) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
33. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Thomas J. Herzfeld Advisors, Inc. (Herzfeld) on behalf of Herzfeld Fund dated August 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.32) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
34. |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Vontobel Asset Management, Inc. (Vontobel) dated September 24, 2007, on behalf of Foreign Opportunities Fund, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.12) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 28 (File No. 033-65137) on November 14, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
a) |
First Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Vontobel dated January 1, 2009, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.15) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 33 (File No. 033-65137) on March 2, 2009 and incorporated by reference. |
b) |
Second Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Vontobel on behalf of Global Opportunities Fund dated January 28, 2009, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.16) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 33 (File No. 033-65137) on March 2, 2009 and incorporated by reference. |
c) |
Third Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Vontobel on behalf of Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund and Greater European Opportunities Fund dated April 21, 2009, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.19) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 (File No. 033-65137) on October 1, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
d) |
Fourth Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Vontobel on behalf of Foreign Opportunities Fund, Global Opportunities Fund, Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund and Greater European Opportunities Fund dated January 1, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.24) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
35. |
*Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Rampart Investment Management Company, LLC (Rampart) on behalf of Low Volatility Equity Fund dated June 10, 2013, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
(e) |
Underwriting Agreement. |
1. |
Underwriting Agreement between VP Distributors, LLC (formerly VP Distributors, Inc.) (VP Distributors) and Registrant dated July 1, 1998 and filed via EDGAR with Post-Effective Amendment No. 15 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference. |
2. |
Form of Sales Agreement between VP Distributors and dealers (December 18, 2012), filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit e.2) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
(f) |
None. |
(g) |
Custodian Agreement. |
1. |
Master Custody Agreement between Registrant and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., dated March 1, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit g.1) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 29, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
(h) |
Other Material Contracts. |
1. |
Amended and Restated Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between the Virtus Mutual Funds and VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services, LLC (Virtus Fund Services)) dated January 1, 2010, filed via EDGAR with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
a) |
Amendment to Amended and Restated Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Virtus Mutual Funds and VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) effective as of April 14, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.2) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
b) |
Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Virtus Mutual Funds and VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) effective as of March 15, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.3) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
c) |
Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Virtus Mutual Funds and VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) effective as of January 1, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.1.c) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
2. |
Sub-Transfer Agency and Shareholder Services Agreement among the Registrant, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (BNY Mellon), dated April 15, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.6) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
3. |
Amended and Restated Administration Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services), dated January 1, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4) with PEA No. 36 (File No. 033-65137) on January 28, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. |
a) |
First Amendment to Amended and Restated Administration Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services), dated April 14, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.5) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
b) |
Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Administration Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services), dated June 30, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.6) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
c) |
Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Administration Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services), dated September 14, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.7) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
d) |
Fourth Amendment to Amended and Restated Administration Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services), dated January 1, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.8) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
e) |
Fifth Amendment to Amended and Restated Administration Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services), dated March 15, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.9) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
f) |
Sixth Amendment to Amended and Restated Administration Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services), dated August 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.2.f) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
g) |
Seventh Amendment to Amended and Restated Administration Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services), dated December 18, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.2.g) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
h) |
*Eighth Amendment to Amended and Restated Administration Agreement between Registrant and Virtus Fund Services, dated June 10, 2013, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
4. |
Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated January 1, 2010, filed via EDGAR with Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on February 25, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. |
a) |
First Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated June 30, 2010 filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.13.) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 28, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
b) |
Second Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated September 14, 2010 filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.14.) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 28, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
c) |
Third Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated March 15, 2011 filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.15.) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 28, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
d) |
Fourth Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated August 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4.d) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 29, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
e) |
Fifth Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated December 18, 2012, filed via EDGAR with Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 29, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
f) |
*Sixth Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon, dated June 10, 2013, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
5. |
*Eighteenth Amended and Restated Expense Limitation Agreement between Registrant and VIA effective as of June 10, 2013, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
6. |
*Second Amended and Restated Fee Waiver Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors, dated as of March 17, 2011, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
(i) |
Legal Opinion. |
1. |
Opinion and consent of Morris, Nichols, Arsht & Tunnell, filed via EDGAR with Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 (File No. 033-65137) on February 29, 1996 and incorporated herein by reference. |
2. |
*Opinion of Counsel as to legality of shares dated June 10, 2013, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
(j) |
Other Opinions. |
1. |
*Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
(k) |
Not applicable. |
(l) |
Share Purchase Agreement (the Share Purchase Agreement) between Registrant and GMG/Seneca Capital Management, L.P., filed via EDGAR with Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 (File No. 033-65137) on February 29, 1996 and incorporated herein by reference. |
(m) |
Rule 12b-1 Plans. |
1. |
Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act), effective March 1, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.1.) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 25 (File No. 033-65137) on June 27, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
a) |
Amendment to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective June 27, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.4) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 (File No. 033-65137) on September 24, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
b) |
Amendment No. 2 to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective September 24, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.8) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 (File No. 033-65137) on January 28, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference. |
c) |
Amendment No. 3 to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective October 1, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.11) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 (File No. 033-65137) on January 28, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference. |
d) |
Amendment No. 4 to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective January 31, 2008, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.13) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 (File No. 033-65137) on January 28, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference. |
e) |
Amendment No. 5 to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective March 2, 2009, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.15) with Post-Effective No. 34 (File No. 033-65137) on October 1, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
f) |
Amendment No. 6 to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective April 21, 2009, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.16) with Post-Effective No. 34 (File No. 033-65137) on October 1, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
g) |
Amendment No. 7 to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective June 30, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.19) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
h) |
Amendment No. 8 to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective September 14, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.21) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
i) |
Amendment No. 9 to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective March 15, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.23) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
j) |
Amendment No. 10 to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective August 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.1.j) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
k) |
Amendment No. 11 to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective December 18, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.1.k) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
l) |
*Amendment No. 12 to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective June 10, 2013, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
2. |
Class B Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective March 1, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.2) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 25 (File No. 033-65137) on June 27, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
a) |
Amendment to Class B Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective June 27, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.5) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 (File No. 033-65137) on September 24, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
b) |
Amendment No. 2 to Class B Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective September 24, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.9) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 (File No. 033-65137) on January 28, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference. |
3. |
Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective March 1, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.3) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 25 (File No. 033-65137) on June 27, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
a) |
Amendment to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective June 27, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.6) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 (File No. 033-65137) on September 24, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
b) |
Amendment No. 2 to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective September 24, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.10) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 (File No. 033-65137) on January 28, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference. |
c) |
Amendment No. 3 to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective October 1, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.12) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 (File No. 033-65137) on January 28, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference. |
d) |
Amendment No. 4 to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective January 31, 2008, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.14) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 (File No. 033-65137) on January 28, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference. |
e) |
Amendment No. 5 to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective March 2, 2009, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.17) with Post-Effective No. 34 (File No. 033-65137) on October 1, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
f) |
Amendment No. 6 to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective April 21, 2009, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.18) with Post-Effective No. 34 (File No. 033-65137) on October 1, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
g) |
Amendment No. 7 to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective June 30, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.20) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
h) |
Amendment No. 8 to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective September 14, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.22) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
i) |
Amendment No. 9 to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective March 15, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.24) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
j) |
Amendment No. 10 to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective August 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.3.j) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
k) |
Amendment No. 11 to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act effective December 18, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.3.k) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
l) |
*Amendment No. 12 to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective June 10, 2013, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
4. |
Class T Shares Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective June 27, 2007, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.7) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 (File No. 033-65137) on September 24, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
(n) |
Rule 18f-3 Plans. |
1. |
Amended and Restated Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act, effective as of August 19, 2009, filed via EDGAR with Post-Effective No. 34 (File No. 033-65137) on October 1, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
a) |
First Amendment to Amended and Restated Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act, effective as of June 30, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit n.2) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
b) |
Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act, effective as of September 14, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit n.3) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
c) |
Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act, effective as of March 15, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit n.4) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
d) |
Fourth Amendment to Amended and Restated Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act, effective as of August 8, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit n.1.d) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
e) |
Fifth Amendment to Amended and Restated Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act, effective as of August 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit n.1.e) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
f) |
Sixth Amendment to Amended and Restated Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act, effective as of September 21, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit n.1.f) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
g) |
Seventh Amendment to Amended and Restated Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act, effective as of December 18, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit n.1.g) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
h) |
*Eighth Amendment to Amended and Restated Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act, effective as of June 10, 2013, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
(o) |
Reserved. |
(p) |
Code of Ethics. |
1. |
Amended and Restated Codes of Ethics of the Virtus Mutual Funds dated February 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.1) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
2. |
Amended and Restated Code of Ethics of Duff & Phelps, Euclid, Kayne Anderson, Newfleet, Newfound, Rampart, VIA and VP Distributors dated October 1, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.2) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
3. |
Standards of Business Conduct and Code of Ethics of Subadviser BMO amended as of July 1, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.3) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
4. |
Code of Ethics and Insider Trading Policy of Sub-Subadviser Coxe as of February 1, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.4) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
5. |
Code of Ethics of Subadviser Vontobel dated February 2, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.5) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
6. |
Code of Ethics of Subadviser F-Squared Alternative and F-Squared Institutional dated September 15, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.6) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
7. |
Code of Ethics of Subadviser Herzfeld dated May 23, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.8) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
8. |
Code of Ethics of Subadviser Horizon dated June 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.9) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
9. |
Code of Ethics of Subadviser KBI dated May 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.10) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-65137) on January 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
(q) |
Power of Attorney for all Trustees, dated February 28, 2008, filed via EDGAR with Post-Effective Amendment No. 32 (File No. 033-65137) on January 28, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
* Filed herewith
Item 29. | Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with the Fund |
None.
Item 30. | Indemnification |
The indemnification of Registrants principal underwriter against certain losses is provided for in Section 9 of the Underwriting Agreement incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 6.1 of the Registrants Registration Statement filed on Form N-1A on October 6, 1998. Indemnification of Registrants Custodian is provided for in Article III, section 8 and Article VIII section 1(c) of the Master Custody Agreement incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit G.2 of the Registrants Registration Statement filed on Form N-1A on July 28, 2010. The indemnification of Registrants Transfer Agent and Administrator is provided for, respectively, in Article 6 of the Amended and Restated Transfer Agency and Service Agreement incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 13(a) and Paragraph 5 of the Amended and Restated Administration Agreement incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 13(c) of the Registrants Registration Statement filed on Form N-14 on March 25, 2010.
In addition, Article VII sections 2 and 3 of the Registrants Agreement and Declaration of Trust incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A of the Registrants Registration Statement filed on Form N-1A on October 30, 2000, provides in relevant part as follows:
A Trustee, when acting in such capacity, shall not be personally liable to any Person, other than the Trust or a Shareholder to the extent provided in this Article VII, for any act, omission or obligation of the Trust, of such Trustee or of any other Trustee. The Trustees shall not be responsible or liable in any event for any neglect or wrongdoing of any officer, agent, employee, Manager or Principal Underwriter of the Trust. The Trust (i) may indemnify an agent of the Trust or any Person who is serving or has served at the Trusts request as an agent of another organization in which the Trust has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise and (ii) shall indemnify each Person who is, or has been, a Trustee, officer or employee of the Trust and any Person who is serving or has served at the Trusts request as a director, officer, trustee, or employee of another organization in which the Trust has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise, in the case of (i) and (ii), to the fullest extent consistent with the 1940 Act, as amended and in the manner provided in the By-Laws; provided that such indemnification shall not be available to any of the foregoing Persons in connection with a claim, suit or other proceeding by any such Person against the Trust or a Series (or Class) thereof.
All persons extending credit to, contracting with or having any claim against the Trust or the Trustees shall look only to the assets of the appropriate Series (or Class thereof if the Trustees have included a Class limitation on liability in the agreement with such person as provided below), or, if the Trustees have yet to establish Series, of the Trust for payment under such credit, contract or claim; and neither the Trustees nor the Shareholders, nor any of the Trusts officers, employees or agents, whether past, present or future, shall be personally liable therefor.
Every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking and every other act or thing whatsoever executed or done by or on behalf of the Trust or the Trustees by any of them in connection with the Trust shall conclusively be deemed to have been executed or done only in or with respect to his or their capacity as Trustee or Trustees, and such Trustee or Trustees shall not be personally liable thereon.
A Trustee shall be liable to the Trust and to any Shareholder solely for her or his own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of Trustee, and shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law. The Trustees may take advice of counsel or other experts with respect to the meaning and operation of this Declaration of Trust, and shall be under no liability for any act or omission in accordance with such advice nor for failing to follow such advice.
In addition, Article III section 7 of such Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides for the indemnification of shareholders of the Registrant as follows: If any Shareholder or former Shareholder shall be exposed to liability by reason of a claim or demand relating to such Person being or having been a Shareholder, and not because of such Persons acts or omissions, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or such Persons heirs, executors, administrators, or other legal representatives or in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled to be held harmless from and indemnified out of the assets of the Trust against all cost and expense reasonably incurred in connection with such claim or demand, but only out of the assets held with respect to the
particular Series of Shares of which such Person is or was a Shareholder and from or in relation to which such liability arose. The Trust may, at its option and shall, upon request by the Shareholder, assume the defense of any claim made against the Shareholder for any act or obligation of the Trust and satisfy any judgment thereon from the assets held with respect to the particular series.
Article VI Section 2 of the Registrants Bylaws incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit B.1 of the Registrants Registration Statement filed on Form N-1A on October 27, 2006, provides in relevant part, subject to certain exceptions and limitations, every agent shall be indemnified by the Trust to the fullest extent permitted by law against all liabilities and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him or her in connection with any proceeding in which he or she becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his or her being or having been an agent. Such indemnification would not apply in the case of any liability to which the Registrant would otherwise be subject by reason of or for willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of such persons duties. The Investment Advisory Agreement, Subadvisory Agreements, Foreign Custody Manager Agreement, Sub-Administration Agreement and Sub-Transfer Agency and Service Agreement, each as amended, respectively provide that the Registrant will indemnify the other party (or parties, as the case may be) to the agreement for certain losses. Similar indemnities to those listed above may appear in other agreements to which the Registrant is a party.
The Registrant, in conjunction with VIA, the Registrants Trustees, and other registered investment management companies managed by VIA, maintains insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent of the Registrant, or who is or was serving at the request of the Registrant as a trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of another trust or corporation, against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by him or arising out of his position. However, in no event will Registrant maintain insurance to indemnify any such person for any act for which the Registrant itself is not permitted to indemnify him.
Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Act), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Item 31. | Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser and Subadvisers |
See Management of the Funds in the Prospectus and Services of the Adviser and Subadvisers and Management of the Trust in the Statement of Additional Information which is included in this Post-Effective Amendment. For information as to the business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature of directors and officers of the Adviser and Subadvisers, reference is made to the Advisers and Subadvisers current Form ADV filed under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and incorporated herein by reference.
Adviser | SEC File No.: | |
VIA |
801-5995 |
|
BMO |
801-35533 |
|
Coxe |
801-69880 |
|
Duff & Phelps |
801-14813 |
|
Euclid |
801-54263 |
|
F-Squared Alternative |
801-72940 |
|
F-Squared Institutional |
801-71753 |
|
Herzfeld |
801-20866 |
|
Horizon |
801-47515 |
|
Kayne Anderson |
801-24241 |
|
KBI: SEC File No. |
801-60358 |
|
Newfleet (f/k/a SCM Advisors) |
801-51559 |
|
Newfound |
801-77272 |
|
Vontobel |
801-21953 |
Item 32. | Principal Underwriter |
VP Distributors serves as the principal underwriter for the following registrants:
Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust and Virtus Variable Insurance Trust.
(b) |
Directors and executive officers of VP Distributors, 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103 are as follows: |
Name and Principal Business Address |
Positions and Offices with Distributor |
Positions and Offices with Registrant |
||
George R. Aylward |
Director and Executive Vice President |
President and Trustee |
||
Kevin J. Carr |
Vice President, Counsel and Secretary |
Vice President, Counsel, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary |
||
Nancy J. Engberg |
Vice President and Assistant Secretary |
Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer |
||
David Hanley |
Vice President and Treasurer |
None |
||
David C. Martin |
Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer |
None |
||
Jeff Cerutti |
Director and President |
None |
||
Francis G. Waltman |
Director |
Senior Vice President |
(c) |
To the best of the Registrants knowledge, no commissions or other compensation was received by any principal underwriter who is not an affiliated person of the Registrant or an affiliated person of such affiliated person, directly or indirectly, from the Registrant during the Registrants last fiscal year. |
Item 33. | Location of Accounts and Records |
Persons maintaining physical possession of accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the 1940 Act and the Rules promulgated thereunder include:
Secretary of the Trust: | Principal Underwriter, Administrator and Transfer Agent: | |
Kevin J. Carr, Esq. 100 Pearl Street Hartford, CT 06103 |
VP Distributors, LLC 100 Pearl Street Hartford, CT 06103 |
|
Investment Adviser: |
Custodian: |
|
Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. 100 Pearl Street Hartford, CT 06103 |
The Bank of New York Mellon One Wall Street New York, NY 10286 |
|
Fund Accountant, Sub-Administrator, Sub-Transfer Agent and Dividend Dispersing Agent: |
Subadvisers to: Global Commodities Stock Fund |
|
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. 301 Bellevue Parkway Wilmington, DE 19809 |
BMO Asset Management Corp. 190 South LaSalle Street, 4th Floor
Chicago, IL 60603 Coxe Advisors LLP 115 South Lasalle Street, 11TH Floor Chicago, IL 60603 |
Subadviser to: Global Dividend Fund, Global Real Estate Securities Fund, International Real Estate Securities Fund and Real Estate Securities Fund | Subadviser to: Alternatives Diversifier Fund, AlphaSector Rotation Fund, Dynamic AlphaSector Fund, Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund, Global Premium AlphaSector Fund, International Equity Fund, and Premium AlphaSector Fund | |
Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co. 200 South Wacker Drive, Suite 500 Chicago, IL 60606 |
Euclid Advisors, LLC 100 Pearl Street Hartford, CT 06103 |
|
Subadviser to Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund, Global Premium AlphaSector Fund and Premium AlphaSector Fund and AlphaSector Rotation Fund: | Subadviser to: Dynamic AlphaSector Fund | |
F-Squared Institutional Advisors, LLC 2221 Washington Street, Suite 201 Newton, MA 02462 |
F-Squared Alternative Investments, LLC 2221 Washington Street, Suite 201 Newton, MA 02462 |
|
Subadviser to: Herzfeld Fund | Subadviser to: Wealth Masters Fund | |
Thomas J. Herzfeld Advisors, Inc. 119 Washington Avenue, Suite 504 Miami Beach, FL 33139 |
Horizon Asset Management LLC 470 Park Avenue South New York, NY 10016 |
|
Subadviser to: International Small-Cap Equity Fund | Subadviser to: Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund | |
Kayne Anderson Rudnick Investment Management, LLC 1800 Avenue of the Stars, 2nd Floor Los Angeles, CA 90067 |
Kleinwort Benson Investors International, Ltd. Joshua Dawson House, Dawson Street Dublin 2, Ireland |
|
Subadviser to: CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund, Bond Fund, Emerging Markets Debt Fund; High Yield Fund, Multi-Sector Fixed Income Fund, Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund and Senior Floating Rate Fund | Subadviser to: Disciplined Equity Style Fund, Disciplined Select Bond Fund and Disciplined Select Country Fund | |
Newfleet Asset Management, LLC 100 Pearl Street Hartford, CT 06103 |
Newfound Investments, LLC 100 Pearl Street Hartford, CT 06103 |
|
Subadviser to: Foreign Opportunities Fund, Global Opportunities Fund, Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund and Greater European Opportunities Fund | ||
Vontobel Asset Management, Inc. 1540 Broadway, 38th Floor New York, NY 10036 |
Item 34. | Management Services |
None.
Item 35. | Undertakings |
None.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the 1940 Act, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness for this registration statement under Rule 485(b) of the Securities Act and has duly caused this amendment to the registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of Hartford and the State of Connecticut on the 10 th day of June, 2013.
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST |
||
By: |
/s/ G EORGE R. A YLWARD |
|
George R. Aylward | ||
President |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this amendment to the registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on the 10 th day of June, 2013.
Signature |
Title |
|||
/s/ G EORGE R. A YLWARD |
||||
George R. Aylward | Trustee and President (principal executive officer) | |||
/s/ W. P ATRICK B RADLEY |
||||
W. Patrick Bradley |
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (principal financial and accounting officer) |
|||
/s/ L EROY K EITH , J R . |
||||
Leroy Keith, Jr.* | Trustee | |||
/s/ P HILIP R. M C L OUGHLIN |
||||
Philip R. McLoughlin* | Trustee and Chairman | |||
/s/ G ERALDINE M. M C N AMARA |
||||
Geraldine M. McNamara* | Trustee | |||
/s/ J AMES M. O ATES |
||||
James M. Oates* | Trustee | |||
/s/ R ICHARD E. S EGERSON |
||||
Richard E. Segerson* | Trustee | |||
/s/ F ERDINAND L.J. V ERDONCK |
||||
Ferdinand L.J. Verdonck* | Trustee |
*By |
G EORGE R. A YLWARD |
|||
*George R. Aylward, Attorney-in-Fact, pursuant to a power of attorney |
Item 28. | Exhibits |
d.18 |
Seventeenth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, by and between Registrant and VIA, effective as of June 10, 2013, on behalf of Low Volatility Equity Fund. |
|
d.24 |
Interim Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Euclid on behalf of International Equity Fund dated May 23, 2013. |
|
d.25.d |
Assignment and Assumption Agreement between F-Squared Investments and F-Squared Institutional on behalf of AlphaSector Rotation Fund dated January 1, 2013. |
|
d.26.b |
Assignment and Assumption Agreement between F-Squared Institutional and F-Squared Alternative Investments, LLC (F-Squared Alternative) on behalf of Dynamic AlphaSector Fund dated January 1, 2013. |
|
d.35 |
Subadvisory Agreement between VIA and Rampart Investment Management Company, LLC (Rampart) on behalf of Low Volatility Equity Fund dated June 10, 2013. |
|
h.3.h |
Eighth Amendment to Amended and Restated Administration Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors, dated June 10, 2013. |
|
h.4.f |
Sixth Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon, dated June 10, 2013. |
|
h.5 |
Eighteenth Amended and Restated Expense Limitation Agreement between Registrant and VIA, effective as of June 10, 2013. |
|
h.6 |
Second Amended and Restated Fee Waiver Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors, effective as of March 17, 2011. |
|
i.2 |
Opinion of Counsel as to Legality of Shares. |
|
j.1 |
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. |
|
m.1.l |
Amendment No. 12 to Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective June 10, 2013. |
|
m.3.l |
Amendment No. 12 to Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, effective June 10, 2013. |
|
n.1.h |
Eighth Amendment to Amended and Restated Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act, effective as of June 10, 2013. |
SEVENTEENTH AMENDMENT
TO AMENDED AND RESTATED
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
THIS AMENDMENT effective as of the 10 th day of June, 2013 amends that certain Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement dated as of November 20, 2002, and amended as of June 8, 2006, June 27, 2007, September 24, 2007, January 31, 2008, October 1, 2008, March 2, 2009, May 29, 2009, September 29, 2009, January 1, 2010, June 30, 2010, September 14, 2010, January 1, 2011, March 15, 2011, February 6, 2012, August 28, 2012 and December 18, 2012, (the Agreement), by and between Virtus Opportunities Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the Trust), and Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation (the Adviser), as follows:
1. |
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund (the Fund) is hereby added as an additional Series to the Agreement. |
2. |
The name of the Virtus Multi-Sector Fixed Income Fund is hereby amended throughout the Agreement to be Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund. |
3. |
The investment advisory fees for the Funds are hereby set forth on Schedule A to the Agreement, Schedule A is hereby deleted and Schedule A attached hereto is substituted in its place to reflect such addition. |
4. |
Except as expressly amended hereby, all provisions of the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and are unchanged in all other respects. All initial capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the Agreement, as amended. |
5. |
This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts (including executed counterparts delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission) with the same effect as if all signing parties had originally signed the same document, and all counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute the same instrument. For all purposes, signatures delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission shall be binding and effective to the same extent as original signatures. |
[signature page follows]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto intending to be legally bound have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized officers of other representatives.
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST |
||
By: |
/s/ W. Patrick Bradley |
|
Name: |
W. Patrick Bradley |
|
Title: |
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer | |
VIRTUS INVESTMENT ADVISERS, INC. |
||
By: |
/s/ Francis G. Waltman |
|
Name: Francis G. Waltman |
||
Title: Executive Vice President |
SCHEDULE A
Series |
Investment Advisory Fee | ||||||||||||||
Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund |
0.00% | ||||||||||||||
Virtus Premium AlphaSector Fund |
1.10% | ||||||||||||||
1 st $1 Billion |
$1+ Billion through $2 Billion |
$2+ Billion | |||||||||||||
Virtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund |
0.45% | 0.40% | 0.35% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund |
1.00% | 0.95% | 0.90% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Global Dividend Fund |
0.65% | 0.60% | 0.55% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Global Opportunities Fund |
0.85% | 0.80% | 0.75% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund |
0.85% | 0.80% | 0.75% | ||||||||||||
Virtus High Yield Fund |
0.65% | 0.60% | 0.55% | ||||||||||||
Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund |
1.00% | 0.95% | 0.90% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund |
0.55% | 0.50% | 0.45% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund |
0.55% | 0.50% | 0.45% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Real Estate Securities Fund |
0.75% | 0.70% | 0.65% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund |
0.60% | 0.55% | 0.50% | ||||||||||||
1 st $2 Billion |
$2+ Billion through $4 Billion |
$4+ Billion | |||||||||||||
Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund |
1.10% | 1.05% | 1.00% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund |
1.10% | 1.05% | 1.00% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund |
0.80% | 0.75% | 0.70% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund |
1.00% | 0.95% | 0.90% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund |
0.85% | 0.80% | 0.75% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund |
1.10% | 1.05% | 1.00% | ||||||||||||
Virtus International Equity Fund |
0.85% | 0.80% | 0.75% | ||||||||||||
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
0.95% | 0.90% | 0.85% | ||||||||||||
1 st $1 Billion | $1+ Billion | ||||||||||||||
Virtus AlphaSector Rotation Fund |
0.45% |
0.40% |
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||||||||||||
Virtus Bond Fund |
0.45% | 0.40% | |||||||||||||
Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund |
1.50% | 1.40% | |||||||||||||
Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund |
0.75% | 0.70% | |||||||||||||
Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund |
1.05% | 1.00% | |||||||||||||
Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund |
1.00% | 0.95% | |||||||||||||
Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund |
0.85% | 0.80% | |||||||||||||
Virtus Herzfeld Fund |
1.00% | 0.95% | |||||||||||||
Virtus International Small-Cap Fund |
1.00% | 0.95% | |||||||||||||
Virtus Wealth Masters Fund |
0.85% | 0.80% |
Solely with respect to Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund , the amount payable shall be based upon the average daily managed assets of such Series. Managed Assets means the total assets of the Series, including any assets attributable to borrowings, minus the Series accrued liabilities other than such borrowings. The fee rates listed above for such Series (the base fee rate) shall also be subject to a performance adjustment, as follows (the fulcrum fee):
The base fee rate will be adjusted by adding or subtracting 0.10% (10 basis points) for each 1.00% of absolute performance by which the Series performance exceeds or lags that of the S&P 500 ® Index (the Index). The maximum performance adjustment is plus or minus 1.00% (100 basis points), which would occur if the Series performed 10 percentage points better or worse than the Index.
Performance is measured for purposes of the performance adjustment over the most recent 36-month period ( i.e. , a rolling 36-month period), consisting of the current month for which performance is available plus the previous 35 months. This comparison will be made at the end of each month. Until twelve months have elapsed from the effectiveness of the amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement in which the Adviser agreed to this performance adjustment for the Series, no performance adjustment will apply. Beginning with the thirteenth calendar month immediately following such effective date, the performance adjustment will be calculated based upon the cumulative performance period since such date; after 36 months have elapsed since such date, the Series will begin calculating the performance adjustment based upon the most recent 36-month period on a rolling basis.
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST
Virtus International Equity Fund
INTERIM SUBADVISORY AGREEMENT
Euclid Advisors LLC
100 Pearl Street
Hartford, CT 06103
RE: Interim Subadvisory Agreement
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Virtus Opportunities Trust (the Fund) is an open-end investment company of the series type registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the Act), and is subject to the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. The shares of the Fund are offered or may be offered in several series, including Virtus International Equity Fund
(sometimes hereafter referred to as the Series).
Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. (the Adviser) evaluates and recommends series advisers for the Series and is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Series.
1. |
Employment as a Subadviser . The Adviser, being duly authorized, hereby employs Euclid Advisors, LLC (the Subadviser) as a discretionary series adviser to invest and reinvest that discrete portion of the assets of the Series designated by the Adviser as set forth on Schedule F attached hereto (the Designated Series) on the terms and conditions set forth herein. The services of the Subadviser hereunder are not to be deemed exclusive; the Subadviser may render services to others and engage in other activities that do not conflict in any material manner with the Subadvisers performance hereunder. |
2. |
Acceptance of Employment; Standard of Performance . The Subadviser accepts its employment as a discretionary series adviser of the Designated Series and agrees to use its best professional judgment to make investment decisions for the Designated Series in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and as set forth in Schedule D attached hereto and made a part hereof. |
3. |
Services of Subadviser . In providing management services to the Designated Series, the Subadviser shall be subject to the investment objectives, policies and restrictions of the Fund as they apply to the Designated Series and as set forth in the Funds then current prospectus (Prospectus) and statement of additional information (Statement of Additional Information) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) as part of the Funds Registration Statement, as may be periodically amended and provided to the Subadviser by the Adviser, and to the investment restrictions set forth in the Act and the Rules thereunder, to the supervision and control of the Trustees of the Fund (the Trustees), and to instructions from the Adviser. The Subadviser shall not, without the Funds prior written approval, effect any transactions that would cause the Designated Series at the time of the transaction to be out of compliance with any of such restrictions or policies. |
4. |
Transaction Procedures . All series transactions for the Designated Series shall be consummated by payment to, or delivery by, the Custodian(s) from time to time designated by the Fund (the Custodian), or such depositories or agents as may be designated by the Custodian in writing, of all cash and/or securities due to or from the Series. The Subadviser shall not have possession or custody of such cash and/or securities or any responsibility or liability with respect to such custody. The Subadviser shall advise the Custodian and confirm in writing to the Fund all investment orders for the Designated Series placed by it with brokers and dealers at the time and in the manner set forth in Schedule A hereto (as amended from time to time). The Fund shall issue to the Custodian such instructions as may be appropriate in connection with the settlement of any transaction initiated by the Subadviser. The Fund shall be responsible for all custodial arrangements and the |
payment of all custodial charges and fees, and, upon giving proper instructions to the Custodian, the Subadviser shall have no responsibility or liability with respect to custodial arrangements or the act, omissions or other conduct of the Custodian. |
5. |
Allocation of Brokerage . The Subadviser shall have authority and discretion to select brokers and dealers to execute Designated Series transactions initiated by the Subadviser, and to select the markets on or in which the transactions will be executed. |
A. |
In placing orders for the sale and purchase of Designated Series securities for the Fund, the Subadvisers primary responsibility shall be to seek the best execution of orders at the most favorable prices. However, this responsibility shall not obligate the Subadviser to solicit competitive bids for each transaction or to seek the lowest available commission cost to the Fund, so long as the Subadviser reasonably believes that the broker or dealer selected by it can be expected to obtain a best execution market price on the particular transaction and determines in good faith that the commission cost is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services (as defined in Section 28(e)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) provided by such broker or dealer to the Subadviser, viewed in terms of either that particular transaction or of the Subadvisers overall responsibilities with respect to its clients, including the Fund, as to which the Subadviser exercises investment discretion, notwithstanding that the Fund may not be the direct or exclusive beneficiary of any such services or that another broker may be willing to charge the Fund a lower commission on the particular transaction. |
B. |
The Subadviser may manage other portfolios and expects that the Fund and other portfolios the Subadviser manages will, from time to time, purchase or sell the same securities. The Subadviser may aggregate orders for the purchase or sale of securities on behalf of the Designated Series with orders on behalf of other portfolios the Subadviser manages. Securities purchased or proceeds of securities sold through aggregated orders, as well as expenses incurred in the transaction, shall be allocated to the account of each portfolio managed by the Subadviser that bought or sold such securities in a manner considered by the Subadviser to be equitable and consistent with the Subadvisers fiduciary obligations in respect of the Designated Series and to such other accounts. |
C. |
The Subadviser shall not execute any Series transactions for the Designated Series with a broker or dealer that is (i) an affiliated person (as defined in the Act) of the Fund, the Subadviser, any subadviser to any other Series of the Fund, or the Adviser; (ii) a principal underwriter of the Funds shares; or (iii) an affiliated person of such an affiliated person or principal underwriter; in each case, unless such transactions are permitted by applicable law or regulation and carried out in compliance with any applicable policies and procedures of the Fund. The Fund shall provide the Subadviser with a list of brokers and dealers that are affiliated persons of the Fund or the Adviser, and applicable policies and procedures. |
D. |
Consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Fund in respect of the Designated Series and the requirements of best price and execution, the Subadviser may, under certain circumstances, arrange to have purchase and sale transactions effected directly between the Designated Series and another account managed by the Subadviser (cross transactions), provided that such transactions are carried out in accordance with applicable law or regulation and any applicable policies and procedures of the Fund. The Fund shall provide the Subadviser with applicable policies and procedures. |
6. |
Proxies . |
A. |
Unless the Adviser or the Fund gives the Subadviser written instructions to the contrary, the Subadviser, or a third party designee acting under the authority and supervision of the Subadviser, shall review all proxy solicitation materials and be responsible for voting and handling all proxies in relation to the assets of the Designated Series. Unless the Adviser or the |
2
Fund gives the Subadviser written instructions to the contrary, the Subadviser will, in compliance with the proxy voting procedures of the Designated Series then in effect, vote or abstain from voting, all proxies solicited by or with respect to the issuers of securities in which assets of the Designated Series may be invested. The Adviser shall cause the Custodian to forward promptly to the Subadviser all proxies upon receipt, so as to afford the Subadviser a reasonable amount of time in which to determine how to vote such proxies. The Subadviser agrees to provide the Adviser in a timely manner with a record of votes cast containing all of the voting information required by Form N-PX in an electronic format to enable the Fund to file Form N-PX as required by Rule 30b1-4 under the Act. |
B. |
The Subadviser is authorized to deal with reorganizations, exchange offers and other voluntary corporate actions with respect to securities held in the Series in such manner as the Subadviser deems advisable, unless the Fund or the Adviser otherwise specifically directs in writing. With the Advisers approval, the Subadviser shall also have the authority to: (i) identify, evaluate and pursue legal claims, including commencing or defending suits, affecting the securities held at any time in the Series, including claims in bankruptcy, class action securities litigation and other litigation; (ii) participate in such litigation or related proceedings with respect to such securities as the Subadviser deems appropriate to preserve or enhance the value of the Series, including filing proofs of claim and related documents and serving as lead plaintiff in class action lawsuits; (iii) exercise generally any of the powers of an owner with respect to the supervision and management of such rights or claims, including the settlement, compromise or submission to arbitration of any claims, the exercise of which the Subadviser deems to be in the best interest of the Series or required by applicable law, including ERISA, and (iv) employ suitable agents, including legal counsel, and to pay their reasonable fees, expenses and related costs from the Series. |
7. |
Prohibited Conduct . In providing the services described in this Agreement, the Subadvisers responsibility regarding investment advice hereunder is limited to the Designated Series, and the Subadviser will not consult with any other investment advisory firm that provides investment advisory services to the Fund or any other investment company sponsored by Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. regarding transactions for the Fund in securities or other assets. The Fund shall provide the Subadviser with a list of investment companies sponsored by Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and the Subadviser shall be in breach of the foregoing provision only if the investment company is included in such a list provided to the Subadviser prior to such prohibited action. In addition, the Subadviser shall not, without the prior written consent of the Fund and the Adviser, delegate any obligation assumed pursuant to this Agreement to any affiliated or unaffiliated third party. |
8. |
Information and Reports . |
A. |
The Subadviser shall keep the Fund and the Adviser informed of developments relating to its duties as Subadviser of which the Subadviser has, or should have, knowledge that would materially affect the Designated Series. In this regard, the Subadviser shall provide the Fund, the Adviser and their respective officers with such periodic reports concerning the obligations the Subadviser has assumed under this Agreement as the Fund and the Adviser may from time to time reasonably request. In addition, prior to each meeting of the Trustees, the Subadviser shall provide the Adviser and the Trustees with reports regarding the Subadvisers management of the Designated Series during the most recently completed quarter, which reports: (i) shall include Subadvisers representation that its performance of its investment management duties hereunder is in compliance with the Funds investment objectives and practices, the Act and applicable rules and regulations under the Act, and the diversification and minimum good income requirements of Subchapter M under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and (ii) otherwise shall be in such form as may be mutually agreed upon by the Subadviser and the Adviser. |
B. |
Each of the Adviser and the Subadviser shall provide the other party with a list, to the best of the Advisers or the Subadvisers respective knowledge, of each affiliated person (and any affiliated |
3
person of such an affiliated person) of the Adviser or the Subadviser, as the case may be, and each of the Adviser and Subadviser agrees promptly to update such list whenever the Adviser or the Subadviser becomes aware of any changes that should be added to or deleted from the list of affiliated persons. |
C. |
The Subadviser shall also provide the Adviser with any information reasonably requested by the Adviser regarding its management of the Designated Series required for any shareholder report, amended registration statement, or Prospectus supplement to be filed by the Fund with the SEC. |
9. |
Fees for Services . The compensation of the Subadviser for its services under this Agreement shall be calculated and paid by the Adviser in accordance with the attached Schedule C. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Fund and the Adviser, the Adviser is solely responsible for the payment of fees to the Subadviser. |
9.a. |
Fees for Services in the Interim . During the term of the Interim Subadvisory Agreement: |
|
The compensation earned under the contract will be held in an interest-bearing escrow account with the Funds custodian or a bank; |
|
If a majority of the Funds outstanding voting securities approve a contract with the investment adviser by the end of the 150-day period, the amount in the escrow account (including interest earned) will be paid to the investment adviser; and |
|
If a majority of the funds outstanding voting securities do not approve a contract with the investment adviser, the investment adviser will be paid, out of the escrow account, the lesser of: |
|
Any costs incurred in performing the interim contract (plus interest earned on that amount while in escrow); or |
|
The total amount in the escrow account (plus interest earned); and |
|
The board of directors of the investment fund company satisfies the fund governance standards defined in Rule 0-1(a)(7). |
10. |
Limitation of Liability . Except as otherwise stated in this Agreement, the Subadviser shall not be liable for any action taken, omitted or suffered to be taken by it in its best professional judgment, in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Agreement, or in accordance with specific directions or instructions from the Fund, provided, however, that such acts or omissions shall not have constituted a material breach of the investment objectives, policies and restrictions applicable to the Designated Series as defined in the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information , or a material breach of any laws, rules, regulations or orders applicable to the Designated Series, and that such acts or omissions shall not have resulted from the Subadvisers willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties hereunder. |
11. |
Confidentiality . Subject to the duty of the Subadviser and the Fund to comply with applicable law, including any demand of any regulatory or taxing authority having jurisdiction, the parties hereto shall treat as confidential all information pertaining to the Designated Series and the actions of the Subadviser and the Fund in respect thereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund and the Adviser agree that the Subadviser may (i) disclose in marketing materials and similar communications that the Subadviser has been engaged to manage assets of the Designated Series pursuant to this Agreement, and (ii) include performance statistics regarding the Series in composite performance statistics regarding one or more groups of Subadvisers clients published or included in any of the foregoing communications, provided that the Subadviser does not identify any performance statistics as relating specifically to the Series. |
12. |
Assignment . This Agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment, as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(4) of the Act. The Subadviser shall notify the Fund and the Adviser in writing sufficiently in advance of any proposed change of control, as defined in Section 2(a)(9) of the Act, as will enable the Fund to consider whether an assignment as defined in Section 2(a)(4) of the Act will occur, and to take the steps necessary to enter into a new contract with the Subadviser. |
4
13. |
Representations, Warranties and Agreements of the Subadviser . The Subadviser represents, warrants and agrees that: |
A. |
It is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (Advisers Act). |
B. |
It will maintain, keep current and preserve on behalf of the Fund, in the manner required or permitted by the Act and the Rules thereunder including the records identified in Schedule B (as Schedule B may be amended from time to time). The Subadviser agrees that such records are the property of the Fund, and shall be surrendered to the Fund or to the Adviser as agent of the Fund promptly upon request of either. The Fund acknowledges that Subadviser may retain copies of all records required to meet the record retention requirements imposed by law and regulation. |
C. |
It shall maintain a written code of ethics (the Code of Ethics) complying with the requirements of Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act and Rule 17j-l under the Act and shall provide the Fund and the Adviser with a copy of the Code of Ethics and evidence of its adoption. It shall institute procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons (as defined in Rule 17j-1) from violating its Code of Ethics. The Subadviser acknowledges receipt of the written code of ethics adopted by and on behalf of the Fund. Each calendar quarter while this Agreement is in effect, a duly authorized compliance officer of the Subadviser shall certify to the Fund and to the Adviser that the Subadviser has complied with the requirements of Rules 204A-1 and 17j-l during the previous calendar quarter and that there has been no material violation of its Code of Ethics, or of Rule 17j-1(b), or that any persons covered under its Code of Ethics has divulged or acted upon any material, non-public information, as such term is defined under relevant securities laws, and if such a violation has occurred or the code of ethics of the Fund, or if such a violation of its Code of Ethics has occurred, that appropriate action was taken in response to such violation. Annually, the Subadviser shall furnish to the Fund and the Adviser a written report which complies with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 concerning the Subadvisers Code of Ethics. The Subadviser shall permit the Fund and the Adviser to examine the reports required to be made by the Subadviser under Rules 204A-1(b) and 17j-l(d)(1) and this subparagraph. |
D. |
It has adopted and implemented, and throughout the term of this Agreement shall maintain in effect and implement, policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent, detect and correct violations by the Subadviser and its supervised persons, and, to the extent the activities of the Subadviser in respect of the Fund could affect the Fund, by the Fund, of federal securities laws (as defined in Rule 38a-1 under the Act), and that the Subadviser has provided the Fund with true and complete copies of its policies and procedures (or summaries thereof) and related information reasonably requested by the Fund and/or the Adviser. The Subadviser agrees to cooperate with periodic reviews by the Funds and/or the Advisers compliance personnel of the Subadvisers policies and procedures, their operation and implementation and other compliance matters and to provide to the Fund and/or the Adviser from time to time such additional information and certifications in respect of the Subadvisers policies and procedures, compliance by the Subadviser with federal securities laws and related matters as the Funds and/or the Advisers compliance personnel may reasonably request. The Subadviser agrees to promptly notify the Adviser of any compliance violations which affect the Designated Series. |
E. |
The Subadviser will immediately notify the Fund and the Adviser of the occurrence of any event which would disqualify the Subadviser from serving as an investment adviser of an investment company pursuant to Section 9 of the Act or otherwise. The Subadviser will also immediately notify the Fund and the Adviser if it is served or otherwise receives notice of any action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation, at law or in equity, before or by any court, public board or body, involving the affairs of the Designated Series. |
5
14. |
No Personal Liability . Reference is hereby made to the Declaration of Trust establishing the Fund, a copy of which has been filed with the Secretary of the State of Delaware and elsewhere as required by law, and to any and all amendments thereto so filed with the Secretary of the State of Delaware and elsewhere as required by law, and to any and all amendments thereto so filed or hereafter filed. The name Virtus Opportunities Trust refers to the Trustees under said Declaration of Trust, as Trustees and not personally, and no Trustee, shareholder, officer, agent or employee of the Fund shall be held to any personal liability in connection with the affairs of the Fund; only the trust estate under said Declaration of Trust is liable. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, neither the Subadviser nor any of its officers, directors, partners, shareholders or employees shall, under any circumstances, have recourse or cause or willingly permit recourse to be had directly or indirectly to any personal, statutory, or other liability of any shareholder, Trustee, officer, agent or employee of the Fund or of any successor of the Fund, whether such liability now exists or is hereafter incurred for claims against the trust estate. |
15. |
Entire Agreement; Amendment . This Agreement, together with the Schedules attached hereto, constitutes the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes any prior written or oral agreements pertaining to the subject matter of this Agreement. This Agreement may be amended at any time, but only by written agreement among the Subadviser, the Adviser and the Fund, which amendment, other than amendments to Schedules A, B, D, E and F, is subject to the approval of the Trustees and the shareholders of the Series as and to the extent required by the Act, subject to any applicable orders of exemption issued by the SEC. |
16. |
Effective Date; Term . This Agreement is effective May 23, 2013, and unless sooner terminated as hereinafter provided, shall remain in effect for up to 150 days or until a new subadvisory agreement between the Adviser and the Subadviser with respect to the Fund is approved by the Funds shareholders at a meeting called for such purpose, whichever is earlier. |
17. |
Termination . This Agreement may be terminated by any party, without penalty, immediately upon written notice to the other parties in the event of a material breach of any provision thereof by a party so notified, or otherwise upon thirty (30) days written notice to the other parties, but any such termination shall not affect the status, obligations or liabilities of any party hereto to the other parties with respect to events occurring prior to such termination. In the event that this Agreement is terminated pursuant to the immediately preceding sentence with respect to some but not all of the Designated Series, this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with its terms with respect to each of the remaining Designated Series with respect to which it has not been terminated. |
18. |
Applicable Law . To the extent that state law is not preempted by the provisions of any law of the United States heretofore or hereafter enacted, as the same may be amended from time to time, this Agreement shall be administered, construed and enforced according to the laws of the State of Delaware. |
19. |
Severability . If any term or condition of this Agreement shall be invalid or unenforceable to any extent or in any application, then the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby, and each and every term and condition of this Agreement shall be valid and enforced to the fullest extent permitted by law. |
20. |
Notices. Any notice or other communication required to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed duly given if delivered personally or by overnight delivery service or mailed by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, or sent by facsimile addressed to the parties at their respective addresses set forth below, or at such other address as shall be designated by any party in a written notice to the other party. |
(a) |
To Virtus or the Fund at: |
Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc.
100 Pearl Street
Hartford, Connecticut 06103
Attn: Kevin J. Carr
Telephone: (860) 263-4791
Facsimile: (860) 241-1024
E-mail: kevin.carr@virtus.com
6
(b) |
To Euclid Advisors, LLC at: |
Euclid Advisors LLC
100 Pearl Street, 8 th Floor
Hartford, CT 06103
Attn: Kevin J. Carr
Telephone: (860) 263-4791
Facsimile: (860) 241-1028
E-mail: kevin.carr@virtus.com
21. |
Certifications. The Subadviser hereby warrants and represents that it will provide the requisite certifications reasonably requested by the chief executive officer and chief financial officer of the Fund necessary for those named officers to fulfill their reporting and certification obligations on Form N-CSR and Form N-Q as required under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 to the extent that such reporting and certifications relate to the Subadvisers duties and responsibilities under this Agreement. Subadviser shall provide a quarterly certification in a form substantially similar to that attached as Schedule E. |
22. |
Indemnification . The Subadviser shall indemnify and hold harmless the Adviser from and against any and all claims, losses, liabilities, or damages (including reasonable attorneys fees and other related expenses) (collectively, Losses) arising from the Subadvisers willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its duties under this Agreement in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement; provided, however, that the Subadvisers obligation under this Paragraph shall be reduced to the extent that the claim against, or the loss, liability, or damage experienced by the Adviser, is caused by or is otherwise directly related to (i) any breach by the Adviser of its representations or warranties made herein, (ii) any willful misconduct, bad faith, reckless disregard or negligence of the Adviser in the performance of any of its duties or obligations hereunder, or (iii) any untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Prospectus or SAI, proxy materials, reports, advertisements, sales literature, or other materials pertaining to the Fund(s) or the omission to state therein a material fact known to the Adviser that was required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, if such statement or omission was made in reliance upon information furnished to the Subadviser or the Trust, or the omission of such information, by the Adviser for use therein. |
The Adviser shall indemnify and hold harmless the Subadviser from and against any and all Losses arising from the Advisers willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its duties under this Agreement in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement; provided, however, that the Advisers obligation under this Paragraph 6 shall be reduced to the extent that the claim against, or the loss, liability, or damage experienced by the Subadviser, is caused by or is otherwise directly related to (i) any breach by the Subadviser of its representations or warranties made herein, (ii) any willful misconduct, bad faith, reckless disregard or negligence of the Subadviser in the performance of any of its duties or obligations hereunder, or (iii) any untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Prospectus or SAI, proxy materials, reports, advertisements, sales literature, or other materials pertaining to the Fund(s) or the omission to state therein a material fact known to the Subadviser that was required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, if such statement or omission was made in reliance upon information furnished to the Adviser or the Trust, or the omission of such information, by the Subadviser for use therein.
A party seeking indemnification hereunder (the Indemnified Party) will (i) provide prompt notice to the other of any claim (Claim) for which it intends to seek indemnification, (ii) grant control of the defense and /or settlement of the Claim to the other party, and (iii) cooperate with the other party in the defense thereof. The Indemnified Party will have the right at its own expense to participate in the defense of any Claim, but will not have the right to control the defense, consent to judgment or agree to the settlement of any Claim without the written consent of the other party. The party providing the indemnification will not consent to the entry
7
of any judgment or enter any settlement which (i) does not include, as an unconditional term, the release by the claimant of all liabilities for Claims against the Indemnified Party or (ii) which otherwise adversely affects the rights of the Indemnified Party. |
No party will be liable to another party for consequential damages under any provision of this Agreement.
23. |
Receipt of Disclosure Document . The Fund and the Adviser acknowledge receipt, at least 48 hours prior to entering into this Agreement, of a copy of Part II of the Subadvisers Form ADV containing certain information concerning the Subadviser and the nature of its business. |
24. |
Counterparts; Fax Signatures . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts (including executed counterparts delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission) with the same effect as if all signing parties had originally signed the same document, and all counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute the same instrument. For all purposes, signatures delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission shall be binding and effective to the same extent as original signatures. |
[signature page follows]
8
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST |
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By: |
/s/ W. Patrick Bradley |
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Name: W. Patrick Bradley |
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Title: Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer |
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VIRTUS INVESTMENT ADVISERS, INC. |
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By: |
/s/ Francis G. Waltman |
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Name: Francis G. Waltman |
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Title: Executive Vice President |
ACCEPTED:
EUCLID ADVISORS, LLC
By: |
/s/ David G. Hanley |
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Name: David G. Hanley |
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Title: Vice President and Assistant Treasurer |
SCHEDULES: A. |
Operational Procedures |
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B. |
Record Keeping Requirements |
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C. |
Fee Schedule |
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D. |
Subadviser Functions |
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E. |
Form of Sub-Certification |
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F. |
Designated Series |
9
SCHEDULE A
OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES
In order to minimize operational problems, it will be necessary for a flow of information to be supplied by Subadviser to The Bank of New York Mellon (the Custodian) and BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., (the Sub-Accounting Agent) for the Fund.
The Subadviser must furnish the Custodian and the Sub-Accounting Agent with daily information as to executed trades, or, if no trades are executed, with a report to that effect, no later than 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) on the day of the trade each day the Fund is open for business. When necessary, trade information for executed trades can be sent to the Sub-Accounting Agent on trade date +1 by 11:00 a.m. (Subadviser will be responsible for reimbursement to the Fund for any loss caused by the Subadvisers failure to comply.) The necessary information can be sent via facsimile machine or electronic delivery to the Custodian and by facsimile machine or batch files to the Sub-Accounting Agent. Information provided to the Custodian and the Sub-Accounting Agent shall include the following:
1. |
Purchase or sale; |
2. |
Security name; |
3. |
CUSIP number, ISIN or Sedols (as applicable); |
4. |
Number of shares and sales price per share or aggregate principal amount; |
5. |
Executing broker; |
6. |
Settlement agent; |
7. |
Trade date; |
8. |
Settlement date; |
9. |
Aggregate commission or if a net trade; |
10. |
Interest purchased or sold from interest bearing security; |
11. |
Other fees; |
12. |
Net proceeds of the transaction; |
13. |
Exchange where trade was executed; |
14. |
Identified tax lot (if applicable); and |
15. |
Trade commission reason: best execution, soft dollar or research. |
When opening accounts with brokers for, and in the name of, the Fund, the account must be a cash account. No margin accounts are to be maintained in the name of the Fund. Delivery instructions are as specified by the Custodian. The Custodian will supply the Subadviser daily with a cash availability report via access to the Custodian website, or by email or by facsimile and the Sub-Accounting Agent will provide a five day cash projection. This will normally be done by email or, if email is unavailable, by another form of immediate written communication, so that the Subadviser will know the amount available for investment purposes.
10
SCHEDULE B
RECORDS TO BE MAINTAINED BY THE SUBADVISER
1. | (Rule 31a-1(b)(5) and (6)) A record of each brokerage order, and all other series purchases and sales, given by the Subadviser on behalf of the Fund for, or in connection with, the purchase or sale of securities, whether executed or unexecuted. Such records shall include: |
A. | The name of the broker; |
B. | The terms and conditions of the order and of any modifications or cancellations thereof; |
C. | The time of entry or cancellation; |
D. | The price at which executed; |
E. | The time of receipt of a report of execution; and |
F. | The name of the person who placed the order on behalf of the Fund. |
2. | (Rule 31a-1(b)(9)) A record for each fiscal quarter, completed within ten (10) days after the end of the quarter, showing specifically the basis or bases upon which the allocation of orders for the purchase and sale of series securities to named brokers or dealers was effected, and the division of brokerage commissions or other compensation on such purchase and sale orders. Such record: |
A. | Shall include the consideration given to: |
(i) | The sale of shares of the Fund by brokers or dealers. |
(ii) | The supplying of services or benefits by brokers or dealers to: |
(a) | The Fund, |
(b) | The Adviser, |
(c) | The Subadviser, and |
(d) | Any person other than the foregoing. |
(iii) | Any other consideration other than the technical qualifications of the brokers and dealers as such. |
B. | Shall show the nature of the services or benefits made available. |
C. | Shall describe in detail the application of any general or specific formula or other determinant used in arriving at such allocation of purchase and sale orders and such division of brokerage commissions or other compensation. |
D. | Shall show the name of the person responsible for making the determination of such allocation and such division of brokerage commissions or other compensation. |
3. | (Rule 31a-1(b)(10)) A record in the form of an appropriate memorandum identifying the person or persons, committees or groups authorizing the purchase or sale of series securities. Where a committee or group makes an authorization, a record shall be kept of the names of its members who participate in the authorization. There shall be retained as part of this record: any memorandum, recommendation or instruction supporting or authorizing the purchase or sale of series securities and such other information as is appropriate to support the authorization.* |
4. | (Rule 31a-1(f)) Such accounts, books and other documents as are required to be maintained by registered investment advisers by rule adopted under Section 204 of the Advisers Act, to the extent such records are necessary or appropriate to record the Subadvisers transactions for the Fund. |
5. | Records as necessary under Board approved Virtus Mutual Funds policies and procedures, including without limitation those related to valuation determinations. |
* Such information might include: current financial information, annual and quarterly reports, press releases, reports by analysts and from brokerage firms (including their recommendations, i.e., buy, sell, hold) or any internal reports or subadviser review.
11
SCHEDULE C
SUBADVISORY FEE
(a) For services provided to the Fund, the Adviser will pay to the Subadviser a fee, payable monthly in arrears, at the annual rate stated below. The fee shall be prorated for any month during which this Agreement is in effect for only a portion of the month. In computing the fee to be paid to the Subadviser, the net asset value of each Designated Series shall be valued as set forth in the then current registration statement of the Fund.
(b)
Name of Series |
Proposed Subadvisory Fee to be Paid by VIA |
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Virtus International Equity Fund |
50% of the net advisory fee |
For this purpose, the net advisory fee means the advisory fee paid to the Adviser after accounting for any applicable fee waiver and/or expense limitation agreement, which shall not include reimbursement of the Adviser for any expenses or recapture of prior waivers. In the event that the Adviser waives its entire fee and also assumes expenses of the Fund pursuant to an applicable expense limitation agreement, the Subadviser will similarly waive its entire fee and will share in the expense assumption by contributing 50% of the assumed amount. However, because the Subadviser shares the fee waiver and/or expense assumption equally with the Adviser, if during the term of this Agreement the Adviser later recaptures some or all of the fees so waived or expenses so assumed by the Adviser and the Subadviser together, the Adviser shall pay to the Subadviser 50% of the amount recaptured.
12
SCHEDULE D
SUBADVISER FUNCTIONS
With respect to managing the investment and reinvestment of the Designated Series assets, the Subadviser shall provide, at its own expense:
(a) | An investment program for the Designated Series consistent with its investment objectives based upon the development, review and adjustment of buy/sell strategies approved from time to time by the Board of Trustees and the Adviser in paragraph 3 of this Subadvisory Agreement and implementation of that program; |
(b) | Periodic reports, on at least a quarterly basis, in form and substance acceptable to the Adviser, with respect to: i) compliance with the Code of Ethics and the Funds code of ethics; ii) compliance with procedures adopted from time to time by the Trustees of the Fund relative to securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; iii) diversification of Designated Series assets in accordance with the then prevailing Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information pertaining to the Designated Series and governing laws, regulations, rules and orders; iv) compliance with governing restrictions relating to the fair valuation of securities for which market quotations are not readily available or considered illiquid for the purposes of complying with the Designated Series limitation on acquisition of illiquid securities; v) any and all other reports reasonably requested in accordance with or described in this Agreement; and vi) the implementation of the Designated Series investment program, including, without limitation, analysis of Designated Series performance; |
(c) | Promptly after filing with the SEC an amendment to its Form ADV, a copy of such amendment to the Adviser and the Trustees; |
(d) | Attendance by appropriate representatives of the Subadviser at meetings requested by the Adviser or Trustees at such time(s) and location(s) as reasonably requested by the Adviser or Trustees; and |
(e) | Notice to the Trustees and the Adviser of the occurrence of any event which would disqualify the Subadviser from serving as an investment adviser of an investment company pursuant to Section 9(a) of the 1940 Act or otherwise. |
(f) | Provide reasonable assistance in the valuation of securities including the participation of appropriate representatives at fair valuation committee meetings. |
13
SCHEDULE E
FORM OF SUB-CERTIFICATION
To:
Re: |
Subadvisers Form N-CSR and Form N-Q Certification for the [Name of Designated Series]. |
From: |
[Name of Subadviser] |
Representations in support of Investment Company Act Rule 30a-2 certifications of Form N-CSR and Form N-Q. |
[Name of Designated Series]. |
In connection with your certification responsibility under Rule 30a-2 and Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, I have reviewed the following information presented in the schedule of investments for the period ended [Date of Reporting Period] (the Report) which forms part of the N-CSR or N-Q, as applicable, for the Fund. |
Schedule of Investments
Our organization has designed, implemented and maintained internal controls and procedures, designed for the purpose of ensuring the accuracy and completeness of relevant portfolio trade data transmitted to those responsible for the preparation of the Schedule of Investments. As of the date of this certification there have been no material modifications to these internal controls and procedures.
In addition, our organization has:
a. |
Designed such internal controls and procedures to ensure that material information is made known to the appropriate groups responsible for servicing the above-mentioned mutual fund. |
b. |
Evaluated the effectiveness of our internal controls and procedures, as of a date within 90 days prior to the date of this certification and we have concluded that such controls and procedures are effective. |
c. |
In addition, to the best of my knowledge, there has been no fraud, whether or not material, that involves our organizations management or other employees who have a significant role in our organizations control and procedures as they relate to our duties as subadviser to the Designated Series. |
I have read the draft of the Report which I understand to be current as of [Date of Reporting Period] and based on my knowledge, such draft of the Report does not, with respect to the Designated Series, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the information contained therein, in light of the circumstances under which such information is presented, not misleading with respect to the period covered by such draft Report.
I have disclosed, based on my most recent evaluation, to the Designated Series Chief Accounting Officer:
a. |
All significant changes, deficiencies and material weakness, if any, in the design or operation of the Subadvisers internal controls and procedures which could adversely affect the Registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data with respect to the Designated Series in a timely fashion; |
b. |
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves the Subadvisers management or other employees who have a significant role in the Subadvisers internal controls and procedures for financial reporting. |
14
I certify that to the best of my knowledge:
a. |
The Subadvisers Portfolio Manager(s) has/have complied with the restrictions and reporting requirements of the Code of Ethics (the Code). The term Portfolio Manager is as defined in the Code. |
b. |
The Subadviser has complied with the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of the Designated Series and the Policies and Procedures of the Designated Series as adopted by the Designated Series Board of Trustees. |
c. |
I have no knowledge of any compliance violations except as disclosed in writing to the Virtus Compliance Department by me or by the Subadvisers compliance administrator. |
d. |
The Subadviser has complied with the rules and regulations of the 33 Act and 40 Act, and such other regulations as may apply to the extent those rules and regulations pertain to the responsibilities of the Subadviser with respect to the Designated Series as outlined above. |
e. |
Since the submission of our most recent certification there have not been any divestments of securities of issuers that conduct or have direct investments in business operations in Sudan. |
This certification relates solely to the Designated Series named above and may not be relied upon by any other fund or entity.
The Subadviser does not maintain the official books and records of the above Designated Series. The Subadvisers records are based on its own portfolio management system, a record-keeping system that is not intended to serve as the Designated Series official accounting system. The Subadviser is not responsible for the preparation of the Report.
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[Name of Subadviser] |
Date |
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[Name of Authorized Signer] |
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[Title of Authorized Signer] |
15
SCHEDULE F
DESIGNATED SERIES
Virtus International Equity Fund
16
ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT
This ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT (the Assignment and Assumption Agreement) dated as of January 1, 2013, (the Effective Date) among F-Squared Institutional Advisors, LLC (Assignor), a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of F-Squared Investment Management, LLC (F-Squared Holding Company), F-Squared Alternative Investments, LLC (Assignee), a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly owned subsidiary of F-Squared Holding Company, Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. (Investment Adviser) and Virtus Opportunities Trust (the Trust) on behalf of its series, Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund (the Fund)..
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, Assignor and Investment Adviser are parties to that certain Subadvisory Agreement dated as of February 6, 2012(the Subadvisory Agreement), whereby Assignor serves as the subadviser to the Fund;
WHEREAS, Assignor desires to assign to Assignee, and Assignee desires to accept all of Assignors right, title and interest in the Subadvisory Agreement, and (ii) Assignee desires to acquire and to assume all of the duties and obligations of Assignor under the Subadvisory Agreement;
WHEREAS, this Assignment and Assumption Agreement does not result in a change of actual control or management of the subadviser to the Trust, and, therefore is not an assignment as defined in Section 2(a)(4) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the Act) nor an assignment for purposes of Section 15(a)(4) of the Act.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual premises herein contained, and other good and valuable consideration, the mutual receipt and legal sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
Effective as of the Effective Date, Assignor hereby designates Assignee as its successor under the Subadvisory Agreement and hereby assigns, conveys, transfers and sets over absolutely to Assignee, and Assignee hereby accepts, all of Assignors right, title and interest in and to the Subadvisory Agreement and Assignee hereby assumes and agrees to perform and discharge all of Assignors duties and obligations under the Subadvisory Agreement.
The Trust and Investment Adviser hereby agree and consent to the assignment and assumption by Assignee of the Subadvisory Agreement, and agree that from and after the Effective Date all of the representations, covenants, and agreements in the Subadvisory Agreement of the Assignor shall apply to the Assignee as though Assignee were a named party to the Subadvisory Agreement, except that any claim by the Trust and Investment Adviser under the Subadvisory Agreement, or liability with respect to services performed by the Assignor, prior to the Effective Date, shall be made against the Assignor rather than the Assignee.
Assignor, Assignee and Investment Adviser hereto further agree that by signing this Assignment and Assumption Agreement, Assignee shall become a party to the Subadvisory Agreement with the same effect as if Assignee had executed the Subadvisory Agreement as a party thereto from and after the Effective Date and Assignee shall have all of the rights and obligations of Assignor under the Subadvisory Agreement, and as of the Effective Date shall be deemed to have made all of the representations, covenants and agreements of Assignor contained in the Subadvisory Agreement.
Neither this Assignment and Assumption Agreement nor any term thereof may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated, except by an instrument in writing signed by the parties hereto.
In case any provision in or obligation under this Assignment and Assumption Agreement shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions or obligations, or of such provision or obligation in any other jurisdiction, shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
To the extent that state law is not preempted by the provisions of any law of the United States heretofore or hereafter enacted, as the same may be amended from time to time, this Assignment and Assumption Agreement shall be governed by, and shall be construed and enforced in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to conflicts of law principles.
This Assignment and Assumption Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts and by different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be deemed an original, but all such counterparts together shall constitute but one and the same instrument.
This Assignment and Assumption Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be binding upon, the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns.
This Agreement sets forth the entire agreement of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and may not be altered, amended, changed, waived, terminated or modified in any respect or particular unless the same shall be in writing and signed by each of the parties hereto.
[signature page follows]
2
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Assignment and Assumption Agreement to be duly executed and delivered by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized, as of the Effective Date.
TRUST: |
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VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST |
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By: |
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Name: W. Patrick Bradley |
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Title: Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer |
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INVESTMENT ADVISER: |
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VIRTUS INVESTMENT ADVISERS, INC. |
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By: |
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Name: Francis G. Waltman |
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Title: Executive Vice President |
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ASSIGNEE: |
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F-SQUARED ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS, LLC |
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By: |
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Name: Howard Present |
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Title: CEO |
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ASSIGNOR: |
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F-SQUARED INSTITUTIONAL ADVISORS, LLC |
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By: |
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Name: Howard Present |
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Title: CEO |
3
ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT
This ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT (the Assignment and Assumption Agreement) dated as of January 1, 2013, (the Effective Date) among F-Squared Investments, Inc. (Assignor), a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of F-Squared Investment Management, LLC (F-Squared Holding Company), F-Squared Institutional Advisors, LLC (Assignee), a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly owned subsidiary of F-Squared Holding Company, Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. (Investment Adviser) and Virtus Opportunities Trust (the Trust) on behalf of its series, Virtus AlphaSector Rotation Fund (the Fund).
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, Assignor and Investment Adviser are parties to that certain Subadvisory Agreement dated as of September 29, 2009, as amended (the Subadvisory Agreement), whereby Assignor serves as the subadviser to the Fund;
WHEREAS, Assignor desires to assign to Assignee, and Assignee desires to accept all of Assignors right, title and interest in the Subadvisory Agreement, and (ii) Assignee desires to acquire and to assume all of the duties and obligations of Assignor under the Subadvisory Agreement;
WHEREAS, this Assignment and Assumption Agreement does not result in a change of actual control or management of the subadviser to the Trust, and, therefore is not an assignment as defined in Section 2(a)(4) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the Act) nor an assignment for purposes of Section 15(a)(4) of the Act.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual premises herein contained, and other good and valuable consideration, the mutual receipt and legal sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
Effective as of the Effective Date, Assignor hereby designates Assignee as its successor under the Subadvisory Agreement and hereby assigns, conveys, transfers and sets over absolutely to Assignee, and Assignee hereby accepts, all of Assignors right, title and interest in and to the Subadvisory Agreement and Assignee hereby assumes and agrees to perform and discharge all of Assignors duties and obligations under the Subadvisory Agreement.
The Trust and Investment Adviser hereby agree and consent to the assignment and assumption by Assignee of the Subadvisory Agreement, and agree that from and after the Effective Date all of the representations, covenants, and agreements in the Subadvisory Agreement of the Assignor shall apply to the Assignee as though Assignee were a named party to the Subadvisory Agreement, except that any claim by the Trust and Investment Adviser under the Subadvisory Agreement, or liability with respect to services performed by the Assignor, prior to the Effective Date, shall be made against the Assignor rather than the Assignee.
Assignor, Assignee and Investment Adviser hereto further agree that by signing this Assignment and Assumption Agreement, Assignee shall become a party to the Subadvisory Agreement with the same effect as if Assignee had executed the Subadvisory Agreement as a party thereto from and after the Effective Date and Assignee shall have all of the rights and obligations of Assignor under the Subadvisory Agreement, and as of the Effective Date shall be deemed to have made all of the representations, covenants and agreements of Assignor contained in the Subadvisory Agreement.
Neither this Assignment and Assumption Agreement nor any term thereof may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated, except by an instrument in writing signed by the parties hereto.
In case any provision in or obligation under this Assignment and Assumption Agreement shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions or obligations, or of such provision or obligation in any other jurisdiction, shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
To the extent that state law is not preempted by the provisions of any law of the United States heretofore or hereafter enacted, as the same may be amended from time to time, this Assignment and Assumption Agreement shall be governed by, and shall be construed and enforced in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to conflicts of law principles.
This Assignment and Assumption Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts and by different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be deemed an original, but all such counterparts together shall constitute but one and the same instrument.
This Assignment and Assumption Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be binding upon, the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns.
This Agreement sets forth the entire agreement of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and may not be altered, amended, changed, waived, terminated or modified in any respect or particular unless the same shall be in writing and signed by each of the parties hereto.
[signature page follows]
2
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Assignment and Assumption Agreement to be duly executed and delivered by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized, as of the Effective Date.
TRUST: |
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VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST |
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By: |
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Name: W. Patrick Bradley |
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Title: Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer |
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INVESTMENT ADVISER: |
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VIRTUS INVESTMENT ADVISERS, INC. |
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By: |
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Name: Francis G. Waltman |
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Title: Executive Vice President |
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ASSIGNEE: |
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F-SQUARED INSTITUTIONAL ADVISORS, LLC |
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By: |
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Name: Howard Present |
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Title: CEO |
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ASSIGNOR: |
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F-SQUARED INVESTMENTS, INC. |
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By: |
|
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Name: Howard Present |
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Title: CEO |
3
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST
SUBADVISORY AGREEMENT
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund
June 10, 2013
Rampart Investment Management Company, LLC
One International Place, 14 th Floor
Boston, MA 02110
RE: |
Subadvisory Agreement |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Virtus Opportunities Trust (the Fund) is an open-end investment company of the series type registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the Act), and is subject to the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. The shares of the Fund are offered or may be offered in several series, including Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund (collectively, sometimes hereafter referred to as the Series).
Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. (the Adviser) evaluates and recommends series advisers for the Series and is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Series.
1. |
Employment as a Subadviser . The Adviser, being duly authorized, hereby employs Rampart Investment Management Company, LLC (the Subadviser) as a discretionary series adviser to invest and reinvest that discrete portion of the assets of the Series designated by the Adviser as set forth on Schedule F attached hereto (the Designated Series) on the terms and conditions set forth herein. The services of the Subadviser hereunder are not to be deemed exclusive; the Subadviser may render services to others and engage in other activities that do not conflict in any material manner with the Subadvisers performance hereunder. |
2. |
Acceptance of Employment; Standard of Performance . The Subadviser accepts its employment as a discretionary series adviser of the Designated Series and agrees to use its best professional judgment to make investment decisions for the Designated Series in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and as set forth in Schedule D attached hereto and made a part hereof. |
3. |
Services of Subadviser . In providing management services to the Designated Series, the Subadviser shall be subject to the investment objectives, policies and restrictions of the Fund as they apply to the Designated Series and as set forth in the Funds then current prospectus (Prospectus) and statement of additional information (Statement of Additional Information) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) as part of the Funds Registration Statement, as may be periodically amended and provided to the Subadviser by the Adviser, and to the investment restrictions set forth in the Act and the Rules thereunder, to the supervision and control of the Trustees of the Fund (the Trustees), and to instructions from the Adviser. The Subadviser shall not, without the Funds prior written approval, effect any transactions that would cause the Designated Series at the time of the transaction to be out of compliance with any of such restrictions or policies. |
4. |
Transaction Procedures . All series transactions for the Designated Series shall be consummated by payment to, or delivery by, the Custodian(s) from time to time designated by the Fund (the Custodian), or such depositories or agents as may be designated by the Custodian in writing, of all cash and/or securities due to or from the Series. The Subadviser shall not have possession or custody of such cash and/or securities or any responsibility or liability with respect to such custody. The Subadviser shall advise the Custodian and confirm in writing to the Fund all investment orders for the Designated Series placed by it with brokers and dealers at the time and in the manner set forth in Schedule A hereto (as amended from time to time). The Fund shall issue to the Custodian such instructions as may be appropriate in connection with the settlement of any transaction initiated by the Subadviser. The Fund shall be responsible for all custodial arrangements and the |
payment of all custodial charges and fees, and, upon giving proper instructions to the Custodian, the Subadviser shall have no responsibility or liability with respect to custodial arrangements or the act, omissions or other conduct of the Custodian.
5. |
Allocation of Brokerage . The Subadviser shall have authority and discretion to select brokers and dealers to execute Designated Series transactions initiated by the Subadviser, and to select the markets on or in which the transactions will be executed. |
A. |
In placing orders for the sale and purchase of Designated Series securities for the Fund, the Subadvisers primary responsibility shall be to seek the best execution of orders at the most favorable prices. However, this responsibility shall not obligate the Subadviser to solicit competitive bids for each transaction or to seek the lowest available commission cost to the Fund, so long as the Subadviser reasonably believes that the broker or dealer selected by it can be expected to obtain a best execution market price on the particular transaction and determines in good faith that the commission cost is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services (as defined in Section 28(e)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) provided by such broker or dealer to the Subadviser, viewed in terms of either that particular transaction or of the Subadvisers overall responsibilities with respect to its clients, including the Fund, as to which the Subadviser exercises investment discretion, notwithstanding that the Fund may not be the direct or exclusive beneficiary of any such services or that another broker may be willing to charge the Fund a lower commission on the particular transaction. |
B. |
The Subadviser may manage other portfolios and expects that the Fund and other portfolios the Subadviser manages will, from time to time, purchase or sell the same securities. The Subadviser may aggregate orders for the purchase or sale of securities on behalf of the Designated Series with orders on behalf of other portfolios the Subadviser manages. Securities purchased or proceeds of securities sold through aggregated orders, as well as expenses incurred in the transaction, shall be allocated to the account of each portfolio managed by the Subadviser that bought or sold such securities in a manner considered by the Subadviser to be equitable and consistent with the Subadvisers fiduciary obligations in respect of the Designated Series and to such other accounts. |
C. |
The Subadviser shall not execute any Series transactions for the Designated Series with a broker or dealer that is (i) an affiliated person (as defined in the Act) of the Fund, the Subadviser, any subadviser to any other Series of the Fund, or the Adviser; (ii) a principal underwriter of the Funds shares; or (iii) an affiliated person of such an affiliated person or principal underwriter; in each case, unless such transactions are permitted by applicable law or regulation and carried out in compliance with any applicable policies and procedures of the Fund. The Fund shall provide the Subadviser with a list of brokers and dealers that are affiliated persons of the Fund or the Adviser, and applicable policies and procedures. |
D. |
Consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Fund in respect of the Designated Series and the requirements of best price and execution, the Subadviser may, under certain circumstances, arrange to have purchase and sale transactions effected directly between the Designated Series and another account managed by the Subadviser (cross transactions), provided that such transactions are carried out in accordance with applicable law or regulation and any applicable policies and procedures of the Fund. The Fund shall provide the Subadviser with applicable policies and procedures. |
6. |
Proxies . |
A. |
Unless the Adviser or the Fund gives the Subadviser written instructions to the contrary, the Subadviser, or a third party designee acting under the authority and supervision of the Subadviser, shall review all proxy solicitation materials and be responsible for voting and handling all proxies in relation to the assets of the Designated Series. Unless the Adviser or the |
2
Fund gives the Subadviser written instructions to the contrary, the Subadviser will, in compliance with the proxy voting procedures of the Designated Series then in effect, vote or abstain from voting, all proxies solicited by or with respect to the issuers of securities in which assets of the Designated Series may be invested. The Adviser shall cause the Custodian to forward promptly to the Subadviser all proxies upon receipt, so as to afford the Subadviser a reasonable amount of time in which to determine how to vote such proxies. The Subadviser agrees to provide the Adviser in a timely manner with a record of votes cast containing all of the voting information required by Form N-PX in an electronic format to enable the Fund to file Form N-PX as required by Rule 30b1-4 under the Act. |
B. |
The Subadviser is authorized to deal with reorganizations, exchange offers and other voluntary corporate actions with respect to securities held in the Series in such manner as the Subadviser deems advisable, unless the Fund or the Adviser otherwise specifically directs in writing. With the Advisers approval, the Subadviser shall also have the authority to: (i) identify, evaluate and pursue legal claims, including commencing or defending suits, affecting the securities held at any time in the Series, including claims in bankruptcy, class action securities litigation and other litigation; (ii) participate in such litigation or related proceedings with respect to such securities as the Subadviser deems appropriate to preserve or enhance the value of the Series, including filing proofs of claim and related documents and serving as lead plaintiff in class action lawsuits; (iii) exercise generally any of the powers of an owner with respect to the supervision and management of such rights or claims, including the settlement, compromise or submission to arbitration of any claims, the exercise of which the Subadviser deems to be in the best interest of the Series or required by applicable law, including ERISA, and (iv) employ suitable agents, including legal counsel, and to pay their reasonable fees, expenses and related costs from the Series. |
7. |
Prohibited Conduct . In providing the services described in this Agreement, the Subadvisers responsibility regarding investment advice hereunder is limited to the Designated Series, and the Subadviser will not consult with any other investment advisory firm that provides investment advisory services to the Fund or any other investment company sponsored by Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. regarding transactions for the Fund in securities or other assets. The Fund shall provide the Subadviser with a list of investment companies sponsored by Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and the Subadviser shall be in breach of the foregoing provision only if the investment company is included in such a list provided to the Subadviser prior to such prohibited action. In addition, the Subadviser shall not, without the prior written consent of the Fund and the Adviser, delegate any obligation assumed pursuant to this Agreement to any affiliated or unaffiliated third party. |
8. |
Information and Reports . |
A. |
The Subadviser shall keep the Fund and the Adviser informed of developments relating to its duties as Subadviser of which the Subadviser has, or should have, knowledge that would materially affect the Designated Series. In this regard, the Subadviser shall provide the Fund, the Adviser and their respective officers with such periodic reports concerning the obligations the Subadviser has assumed under this Agreement as the Fund and the Adviser may from time to time reasonably request. In addition, prior to each meeting of the Trustees, the Subadviser shall provide the Adviser and the Trustees with reports regarding the Subadvisers management of the Designated Series during the most recently completed quarter, which reports: (i) shall include Subadvisers representation that its performance of its investment management duties hereunder is in compliance with the Funds investment objectives and practices, the Act and applicable rules and regulations under the Act, and the diversification and minimum good income requirements of Subchapter M under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and (ii) otherwise shall be in such form as may be mutually agreed upon by the Subadviser and the Adviser. |
B. |
Each of the Adviser and the Subadviser shall provide the other party with a list, to the best of the Advisers or the Subadvisers respective knowledge, of each affiliated person (and any affiliated |
3
person of such an affiliated person) of the Adviser or the Subadviser, as the case may be, and each of the Adviser and Subadviser agrees promptly to update such list whenever the Adviser or the Subadviser becomes aware of any changes that should be added to or deleted from the list of affiliated persons. |
C. |
The Subadviser shall also provide the Adviser with any information reasonably requested by the Adviser regarding its management of the Designated Series required for any shareholder report, amended registration statement, or Prospectus supplement to be filed by the Fund with the SEC. |
9. |
Fees for Services . The compensation of the Subadviser for its services under this Agreement shall be calculated and paid by the Adviser in accordance with the attached Schedule C. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Fund and the Adviser, the Adviser is solely responsible for the payment of fees to the Subadviser. |
10. |
Limitation of Liability . Except as otherwise stated in this Agreement, the Subadviser shall not be liable for any action taken, omitted or suffered to be taken by it in its best professional judgment, in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Agreement, or in accordance with specific directions or instructions from the Fund, provided, however, that such acts or omissions shall not have constituted a material breach of the investment objectives, policies and restrictions applicable to the Designated Series as defined in the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information , or a material breach of any laws, rules, regulations or orders applicable to the Designated Series, and that such acts or omissions shall not have resulted from the Subadvisers willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties hereunder. |
11. |
Confidentiality . Subject to the duty of the Subadviser and the Fund to comply with applicable law, including any demand of any regulatory or taxing authority having jurisdiction, the parties hereto shall treat as confidential all information pertaining to the Designated Series and the actions of the Subadviser and the Fund in respect thereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund and the Adviser agree that the Subadviser may (i) disclose in marketing materials and similar communications that the Subadviser has been engaged to manage assets of the Designated Series pursuant to this Agreement, and (ii) include performance statistics regarding the Series in composite performance statistics regarding one or more groups of Subadvisers clients published or included in any of the foregoing communications, provided that the Subadviser does not identify any performance statistics as relating specifically to the Series. |
12. |
Assignment . This Agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment, as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(4) of the Act. The Subadviser shall notify the Fund and the Adviser in writing sufficiently in advance of any proposed change of control, as defined in Section 2(a)(9) of the Act, as will enable the Fund to consider whether an assignment as defined in Section 2(a)(4) of the Act will occur, and to take the steps necessary to enter into a new contract with the Subadviser. |
13. |
Representations, Warranties and Agreements of the Subadviser . The Subadviser represents, warrants and agrees that: |
A. |
It is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (Advisers Act). |
B. |
It will maintain, keep current and preserve on behalf of the Fund, in the manner required or permitted by the Act and the Rules thereunder including the records identified in Schedule B (as Schedule B may be amended from time to time). The Subadviser agrees that such records are the property of the Fund, and shall be surrendered to the Fund or to the Adviser as agent of the Fund promptly upon request of either. The Fund acknowledges that Subadviser may retain copies of all records required to meet the record retention requirements imposed by law and regulation. |
4
C. |
It shall maintain a written code of ethics (the Code of Ethics) complying with the requirements of Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act and Rule 17j-l under the Act and shall provide the Fund and the Adviser with a copy of the Code of Ethics and evidence of its adoption. It shall institute procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons (as defined in Rule 17j-1) from violating its Code of Ethics. The Subadviser acknowledges receipt of the written code of ethics adopted by and on behalf of the Fund. Each calendar quarter while this Agreement is in effect, a duly authorized compliance officer of the Subadviser shall certify to the Fund and to the Adviser that the Subadviser has complied with the requirements of Rules 204A-1 and 17j-l during the previous calendar quarter and that there has been no material violation of its Code of Ethics, or of Rule 17j-1(b), or that any persons covered under its Code of Ethics has divulged or acted upon any material, non-public information, as such term is defined under relevant securities laws, and if such a violation has occurred or the code of ethics of the Fund, or if such a violation of its Code of Ethics has occurred, that appropriate action was taken in response to such violation. Annually, the Subadviser shall furnish to the Fund and the Adviser a written report which complies with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 concerning the Subadvisers Code of Ethics. The Subadviser shall permit the Fund and the Adviser to examine the reports required to be made by the Subadviser under Rules 204A-1(b) and 17j-l(d)(1) and this subparagraph. |
D. |
It has adopted and implemented, and throughout the term of this Agreement shall maintain in effect and implement, policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent, detect and correct violations by the Subadviser and its supervised persons, and, to the extent the activities of the Subadviser in respect of the Fund could affect the Fund, by the Fund, of federal securities laws (as defined in Rule 38a-1 under the Act), and that the Subadviser has provided the Fund with true and complete copies of its policies and procedures (or summaries thereof) and related information reasonably requested by the Fund and/or the Adviser. The Subadviser agrees to cooperate with periodic reviews by the Funds and/or the Advisers compliance personnel of the Subadvisers policies and procedures, their operation and implementation and other compliance matters and to provide to the Fund and/or the Adviser from time to time such additional information and certifications in respect of the Subadvisers policies and procedures, compliance by the Subadviser with federal securities laws and related matters as the Funds and/or the Advisers compliance personnel may reasonably request. The Subadviser agrees to promptly notify the Adviser of any compliance violations which affect the Designated Series. |
E. |
The Subadviser will immediately notify the Fund and the Adviser of the occurrence of any event which would disqualify the Subadviser from serving as an investment adviser of an investment company pursuant to Section 9 of the Act or otherwise. The Subadviser will also immediately notify the Fund and the Adviser if it is served or otherwise receives notice of any action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation, at law or in equity, before or by any court, public board or body, involving the affairs of the Designated Series. |
14. |
No Personal Liability . Reference is hereby made to the Declaration of Trust establishing the Fund, a copy of which has been filed with the Secretary of the State of Delaware and elsewhere as required by law, and to any and all amendments thereto so filed with the Secretary of the State of Delaware and elsewhere as required by law, and to any and all amendments thereto so filed or hereafter filed. The name Virtus Opportunities Trust refers to the Trustees under said Declaration of Trust, as Trustees and not personally, and no Trustee, shareholder, officer, agent or employee of the Fund shall be held to any personal liability in connection with the affairs of the Fund; only the trust estate under said Declaration of Trust is liable. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, neither the Subadviser nor any of its officers, directors, partners, shareholders or employees shall, under any circumstances, have recourse or cause or willingly permit recourse to be had directly or indirectly to any personal, statutory, or other liability of any shareholder, Trustee, officer, agent or employee of the Fund or of any successor of the Fund, whether such liability now exists or is hereafter incurred for claims against the trust estate. |
15. |
Entire Agreement; Amendment . This Agreement, together with the Schedules attached hereto, constitutes the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes any prior written or |
5
oral agreements pertaining to the subject matter of this Agreement. This Agreement may be amended at any time, but only by written agreement among the Subadviser, the Adviser and the Fund, which amendment, other than amendments to Schedules A, B, D, E and F, is subject to the approval of the Trustees and the shareholders of the Series as and to the extent required by the Act, subject to any applicable orders of exemption issued by the SEC. |
16. |
Effective Date; Term . This Agreement shall become effective on the date set forth on the first page of this Agreement, and shall continue in effect until December 31, 2014. The Agreement shall continue from year to year thereafter only so long as its continuance has been specifically approved at least annually by the Trustees in accordance with Section 15(a) of the Act, and by the majority vote of the disinterested Trustees in accordance with the requirements of Section 15(c) thereof. |
17. |
Termination . This Agreement may be terminated by any party, without penalty, immediately upon written notice to the other parties in the event of a material breach of any provision thereof by a party so notified, or otherwise upon thirty (30) days written notice to the other parties, but any such termination shall not affect the status, obligations or liabilities of any party hereto to the other parties with respect to events occurring prior to such termination. In the event that this Agreement is terminated pursuant to the immediately preceding sentence with respect to some but not all of the Designated Series, this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with its terms with respect to each of the remaining Designated Series with respect to which it has not been terminated. |
18. |
Applicable Law . To the extent that state law is not preempted by the provisions of any law of the United States heretofore or hereafter enacted, as the same may be amended from time to time, this Agreement shall be administered, construed and enforced according to the laws of the State of Delaware. |
19. |
Severability . If any term or condition of this Agreement shall be invalid or unenforceable to any extent or in any application, then the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby, and each and every term and condition of this Agreement shall be valid and enforced to the fullest extent permitted by law. |
20. |
Notices. Any notice or other communication required to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed duly given if delivered personally or by overnight delivery service or mailed by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, or sent by facsimile addressed to the parties at their respective addresses set forth below, or at such other address as shall be designated by any party in a written notice to the other party. |
(a) |
To Virtus or the Fund at: |
Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc.
100 Pearl Street
Hartford, Connecticut 06103
Attn: Kevin J. Carr
Telephone: (860) 263-4791
Facsimile: (860) 241-1024
E-mail: kevin.carr@virtus.com
(b) |
To the Subadviser at: |
Rampart Investment Management Company, LLC
One International Place, 14 th Floor
Boston, MA 02110
Attn: Debbie Cancela
Telephone: (617) 342-6909
Facsimile: (617) 342-6910
E-mail: dcancela@rimco.com
6
21. |
Certifications. The Subadviser hereby warrants and represents that it will provide the requisite certifications reasonably requested by the chief executive officer and chief financial officer of the Fund necessary for those named officers to fulfill their reporting and certification obligations on Form N-CSR and Form N-Q as required under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 to the extent that such reporting and certifications relate to the Subadvisers duties and responsibilities under this Agreement. Subadviser shall provide a quarterly certification in a form substantially similar to that attached as Schedule E. |
22. |
Indemnification . The Subadviser shall indemnify and hold harmless the Adviser from and against any and all claims, losses, liabilities, or damages (including reasonable attorneys fees and other related expenses) (collectively, Losses) arising from the Subadvisers willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its duties under this Agreement in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement; provided, however, that the Subadvisers obligation under this Paragraph shall be reduced to the extent that the claim against, or the loss, liability, or damage experienced by the Adviser, is caused by or is otherwise directly related to (i) any breach by the Adviser of its representations or warranties made herein, (ii) any willful misconduct, bad faith, reckless disregard or negligence of the Adviser in the performance of any of its duties or obligations hereunder, or (iii) any untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Prospectus or SAI, proxy materials, reports, advertisements, sales literature, or other materials pertaining to the Fund(s) or the omission to state therein a material fact known to the Adviser that was required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, if such statement or omission was made in reliance upon information furnished to the Subadviser or the Trust, or the omission of such information, by the Adviser for use therein. |
The Adviser shall indemnify and hold harmless the Subadviser from and against any and all Losses arising from the Advisers willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its duties under this Agreement in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement; provided, however, that the Advisers obligation under this Paragraph 6 shall be reduced to the extent that the claim against, or the loss, liability, or damage experienced by the Subadviser, is caused by or is otherwise directly related to (i) any breach by the Subadviser of its representations or warranties made herein, (ii) any willful misconduct, bad faith, reckless disregard or negligence of the Subadviser in the performance of any of its duties or obligations hereunder, or (iii) any untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Prospectus or SAI, proxy materials, reports, advertisements, sales literature, or other materials pertaining to the Fund(s) or the omission to state therein a material fact known to the Subadviser that was required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, if such statement or omission was made in reliance upon information furnished to the Adviser or the Trust, or the omission of such information, by the Subadviser for use therein.
A party seeking indemnification hereunder (the Indemnified Party) will (i) provide prompt notice to the other of any claim (Claim) for which it intends to seek indemnification, (ii) grant control of the defense and /or settlement of the Claim to the other party, and (iii) cooperate with the other party in the defense thereof. The Indemnified Party will have the right at its own expense to participate in the defense of any Claim, but will not have the right to control the defense, consent to judgment or agree to the settlement of any Claim without the written consent of the other party. The party providing the indemnification will not consent to the entry of any judgment or enter any settlement which (i) does not include, as an unconditional term, the release by the claimant of all liabilities for Claims against the Indemnified Party or (ii) which otherwise adversely affects the rights of the Indemnified Party.
No party will be liable to another party for consequential damages under any provision of this Agreement.
23. |
Receipt of Disclosure Document . The Fund and the Adviser acknowledge receipt, at least 48 hours prior to entering into this Agreement, of a copy of Part II of the Subadvisers Form ADV containing certain information concerning the Subadviser and the nature of its business. |
24. |
Counterparts; Fax Signatures . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts (including executed counterparts delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission) with the same effect as if all signing parties had originally signed the same document, and all counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute the same instrument. For all purposes, signatures delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission shall be binding and effective to the same extent as original signatures. |
[signature page follows]
7
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST | ||
By: |
|
|
Name: W. Patrick Bradley | ||
Title: Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer |
||
VIRTUS INVESTMENT ADVISERS, INC. | ||
By: |
|
|
Name: Francis G. Waltman | ||
Title: Executive Vice President |
ACCEPTED:
RAMPART INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT COMPANY, LLC
By: |
|
|||
Name: Ronald M. Egalka | ||||
Title: President |
SCHEDULES: |
A. |
Operational Procedures |
||||
B. |
Record Keeping Requirements |
|||||
C. |
Fee Schedule |
|||||
D. |
Subadviser Functions |
|||||
E. |
Form of Sub-Certification |
|||||
F. |
Designated Series |
8
SCHEDULE A
OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES
In order to minimize operational problems, it will be necessary for a flow of information to be supplied by Subadviser to The Bank of New York Mellon (the Custodian) and BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., (the Sub-Accounting Agent) for the Fund.
The Subadviser must furnish the Custodian and the Sub-Accounting Agent with daily information as to executed trades, or, if no trades are executed, with a report to that effect, no later than 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) on the day of the trade each day the Fund is open for business. When necessary, trade information for executed trades can be sent to the Sub-Accounting Agent on trade date +1 by 11:00 a.m. (Subadviser will be responsible for reimbursement to the Fund for any loss caused by the Subadvisers failure to comply.) The necessary information can be sent via facsimile machine or electronic delivery to the Custodian and by facsimile machine or batch files to the Sub-Accounting Agent. Information provided to the Custodian and the Sub-Accounting Agent shall include the following:
1. |
Purchase or sale; |
2. |
Security name; |
3. |
CUSIP number, ISIN or Sedols (as applicable); |
4. |
Number of shares and sales price per share or aggregate principal amount; |
5. |
Executing broker; |
6. |
Settlement agent; |
7. |
Trade date; |
8. |
Settlement date; |
9. |
Aggregate commission or if a net trade; |
10. |
Interest purchased or sold from interest bearing security; |
11. |
Other fees; |
12. |
Net proceeds of the transaction; |
13. |
Exchange where trade was executed; |
14. |
Identified tax lot (if applicable); and |
15. |
Trade commission reason: best execution, soft dollar or research. |
When opening accounts with brokers for, and in the name of, the Fund, the account must be a cash account. No margin accounts are to be maintained in the name of the Fund. Delivery instructions are as specified by the Custodian. The Custodian will supply the Subadviser daily with a cash availability report via access to the Custodian website, or by email or by facsimile and the Sub-Accounting Agent will provide a five day cash projection. This will normally be done by email or, if email is unavailable, by another form of immediate written communication, so that the Subadviser will know the amount available for investment purposes.
9
SCHEDULE B
RECORDS TO BE MAINTAINED BY THE SUBADVISER
1. | (Rule 31a-1(b)(5) and (6)) A record of each brokerage order, and all other series purchases and sales, given by the Subadviser on behalf of the Fund for, or in connection with, the purchase or sale of securities, whether executed or unexecuted. Such records shall include: |
A. |
The name of the broker; |
B. | The terms and conditions of the order and of any modifications or cancellations thereof; |
C. | The time of entry or cancellation; |
D. | The price at which executed; |
E. | The time of receipt of a report of execution; and |
F. | The name of the person who placed the order on behalf of the Fund. |
2. | (Rule 31a-1(b)(9)) A record for each fiscal quarter, completed within ten (10) days after the end of the quarter, showing specifically the basis or bases upon which the allocation of orders for the purchase and sale of series securities to named brokers or dealers was effected, and the division of brokerage commissions or other compensation on such purchase and sale orders. Such record: |
A. | Shall include the consideration given to: |
(i) | The sale of shares of the Fund by brokers or dealers. |
(ii) | The supplying of services or benefits by brokers or dealers to: |
(a) | The Fund, |
(b) | The Adviser, |
(c) | The Subadviser, and |
(d) | Any person other than the foregoing. |
(iii) | Any other consideration other than the technical qualifications of the brokers and dealers as such. |
B. | Shall show the nature of the services or benefits made available. |
C. | Shall describe in detail the application of any general or specific formula or other determinant used in arriving at such allocation of purchase and sale orders and such division of brokerage commissions or other compensation. |
D. | Shall show the name of the person responsible for making the determination of such allocation and such division of brokerage commissions or other compensation. |
3. | (Rule 31a-1(b)(10)) A record in the form of an appropriate memorandum identifying the person or persons, committees or groups authorizing the purchase or sale of series securities. Where a committee or group makes an authorization, a record shall be kept of the names of its members who participate in the authorization. There shall be retained as part of this record: any memorandum, recommendation or instruction supporting or authorizing the purchase or sale of series securities and such other information as is appropriate to support the authorization.* |
4. | (Rule 31a-1(f)) Such accounts, books and other documents as are required to be maintained by registered investment advisers by rule adopted under Section 204 of the Advisers Act, to the extent such records are necessary or appropriate to record the Subadvisers transactions for the Fund. |
5. | Records as necessary under Board approved Virtus Mutual Funds policies and procedures, including without limitation those related to valuation determinations. |
* Such information might include: current financial information, annual and quarterly reports, press releases, reports by analysts and from brokerage firms (including their recommendations, i.e., buy, sell, hold) or any internal reports or subadviser review.
10
SCHEDULE C
SUBADVISORY FEE
(a) For services provided to the Fund, the Adviser will pay to the Subadviser a fee, payable monthly in arrears, at the annual rate stated below. The fee shall be prorated for any month during which this Agreement is in effect for only a portion of the month. In computing the fee to be paid to the Subadviser, the net asset value of each Designated Series shall be valued as set forth in the then current registration statement of the Fund.
(b)
Name of Series |
Proposed Subadvisory Fee to be Paid by VIA to the Subadviser |
|
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
50% of the net advisory fee |
For this purpose, the net advisory fee means the advisory fee paid to the Adviser after accounting for any applicable fee waiver and/or expense limitation agreement, which shall not include reimbursement of the Adviser for any expenses or recapture of prior waivers. In the event that the Adviser waives its entire fee and also assumes expenses of the Fund pursuant to an applicable expense limitation agreement, the Subadviser will similarly waive its entire fee and will share in the expense assumption by contributing 50% of the assumed amount. However, because the Subadviser shares the fee waiver and/or expense assumption equally with the Adviser, if during the term of this Agreement the Adviser later recaptures some or all of the fees so waived or expenses so assumed by the Adviser and the Subadviser together, the Adviser shall pay to the Subadviser 50% of the amount recaptured.
11
SCHEDULE D
SUBADVISER FUNCTIONS
With respect to managing the investment and reinvestment of the Designated Series assets, the Subadviser shall provide, at its own expense:
(a) | An investment program for the Designated Series consistent with its investment objectives based upon the development, review and adjustment of buy/sell strategies approved from time to time by the Board of Trustees and the Adviser in paragraph 3 of this Subadvisory Agreement and implementation of that program; |
(b) | Periodic reports, on at least a quarterly basis, in form and substance acceptable to the Adviser, with respect to: i) compliance with the Code of Ethics and the Funds code of ethics; ii) compliance with procedures adopted from time to time by the Trustees of the Fund relative to securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; iii) diversification of Designated Series assets in accordance with the then prevailing Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information pertaining to the Designated Series and governing laws, regulations, rules and orders; iv) compliance with governing restrictions relating to the fair valuation of securities for which market quotations are not readily available or considered illiquid for the purposes of complying with the Designated Series limitation on acquisition of illiquid securities; v) any and all other reports reasonably requested in accordance with or described in this Agreement; and vi) the implementation of the Designated Series investment program, including, without limitation, analysis of Designated Series performance; |
(c) | Promptly after filing with the SEC an amendment to its Form ADV, a copy of such amendment to the Adviser and the Trustees; |
(d) | Attendance by appropriate representatives of the Subadviser at meetings requested by the Adviser or Trustees at such time(s) and location(s) as reasonably requested by the Adviser or Trustees; and |
(e) | Notice to the Trustees and the Adviser of the occurrence of any event which would disqualify the Subadviser from serving as an investment adviser of an investment company pursuant to Section 9(a) of the 1940 Act or otherwise. |
(f) | Provide reasonable assistance in the valuation of securities including the participation of appropriate representatives at fair valuation committee meetings. |
12
SCHEDULE E
FORM OF SUB-CERTIFICATION
To:
Re: |
Subadvisers Form N-CSR and Form N-Q Certification for the [Name of Designated Series]. |
From: |
[Name of Subadviser] |
Representations in support of Investment Company Act Rule 30a-2 certifications of Form N-CSR and Form N-Q.
[Name of Designated Series].
In connection with your certification responsibility under Rule 30a-2 and Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, I have reviewed the following information presented in the schedule of investments for the period ended [Date of Reporting Period] (the Report) which forms part of the N-CSR or N-Q, as applicable, for the Fund.
Schedule of Investments
Our organization has designed, implemented and maintained internal controls and procedures, designed for the purpose of ensuring the accuracy and completeness of relevant portfolio trade data transmitted to those responsible for the preparation of the Schedule of Investments. As of the date of this certification there have been no material modifications to these internal controls and procedures.
In addition, our organization has:
a. |
Designed such internal controls and procedures to ensure that material information is made known to the appropriate groups responsible for servicing the above-mentioned mutual fund. |
b. |
Evaluated the effectiveness of our internal controls and procedures, as of a date within 90 days prior to the date of this certification and we have concluded that such controls and procedures are effective. |
c. |
In addition, to the best of my knowledge, there has been no fraud, whether or not material, that involves our organizations management or other employees who have a significant role in our organizations control and procedures as they relate to our duties as subadviser to the Designated Series. |
I have read the draft of the Report which I understand to be current as of [Date of Reporting Period] and based on my knowledge, such draft of the Report does not, with respect to the Designated Series, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the information contained therein, in light of the circumstances under which such information is presented, not misleading with respect to the period covered by such draft Report.
I have disclosed, based on my most recent evaluation, to the Designated Series Chief Accounting Officer:
a. |
All significant changes, deficiencies and material weakness, if any, in the design or operation of the Subadvisers internal controls and procedures which could adversely affect the Registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data with respect to the Designated Series in a timely fashion; |
b. |
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves the Subadvisers management or other employees who have a significant role in the Subadvisers internal controls and procedures for financial reporting. |
13
I certify that to the best of my knowledge:
a. |
The Subadvisers Portfolio Manager(s) has/have complied with the restrictions and reporting requirements of the Code of Ethics (the Code). The term Portfolio Manager is as defined in the Code. |
b. |
The Subadviser has complied with the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of the Designated Series and the Policies and Procedures of the Designated Series as adopted by the Designated Series Board of Trustees. |
c. |
I have no knowledge of any compliance violations except as disclosed in writing to the Virtus Compliance Department by me or by the Subadvisers compliance administrator. |
d. |
The Subadviser has complied with the rules and regulations of the 33 Act and 40 Act, and such other regulations as may apply to the extent those rules and regulations pertain to the responsibilities of the Subadviser with respect to the Designated Series as outlined above. |
e. |
Since the submission of our most recent certification there have not been any divestments of securities of issuers that conduct or have direct investments in business operations in Sudan. |
This certification relates solely to the Designated Series named above and may not be relied upon by any other fund or entity.
The Subadviser does not maintain the official books and records of the above Designated Series. The Subadvisers records are based on its own portfolio management system, a record-keeping system that is not intended to serve as the Designated Series official accounting system. The Subadviser is not responsible for the preparation of the Report.
|
|
|||||
[Name of Subadviser] |
Date |
|||||
[Name of Authorized Signer] |
||||||
[Title of Authorized Signer] |
14
SCHEDULE F
DESIGNATED SERIES
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund
15
EIGHTH AMENDMENT
to
AMENDED AND RESTATED ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT
THIS AMENDMENT made effective as of the 10 th day of June 2013 amends that certain amended and restated administration agreement, dated as of January 1, 2010, as amended, between the Trusts listed on Schedule A including the Funds listed under each Trust and Virtus Fund Services, LLC (successor in interest to VP Distributors, LLC (formerly VP Distributors, Inc.)) (the Administration Agreement) as herein below provided.
W I T N E S S E T H :
WHEREAS, Pursuant to Section 8, Amendments to the Agreement, of the Administration Agreement, the Trusts and the Funds wish to amend Schedule A of the Administration Agreement to add the Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund and to otherwise update the schedule.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premise, the parties to the Administration Agreement hereby agree that the Administration Agreement is amended as follows:
1. |
Schedule A to the Administration Agreement is hereby replaced with Schedule A attached hereto and made a part hereof. |
2. |
Except as herein provided, the Administration Agreement shall be and remain unmodified and in full force and effect. All initial capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the Administration Agreement. |
3. |
This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts (including executed counterparts delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission) with the same effect as if all signing parties had originally signed the same document, and all counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute the same instrument. For all purposes, signatures delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission shall be binding and effective to the same extent as original signatures. |
[signature page follows]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed by their duly authorized officers.
VIRTUS MUTUAL FUNDS |
||||||
|
VIRTUS EQUITY TRUST |
|||||
VIRTUS INSIGHT TRUST |
||||||
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST |
||||||
By: |
/s/ W. Patrick Bradley |
|||||
Name: |
W. Patrick Bradley |
|||||
Title: |
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and |
|||||
Treasurer |
||||||
VIRTUS FUND SERVICES, LLC |
||||||
By: |
/s/ David G. Hanley |
|||||
Name: |
David G. Hanley |
|||||
Title: |
Vice President & Assistant Treasurer |
SCHEDULE A
(as of June 10, 2013)
Virtus Equity Trust
Virtus Balanced Fund
Virtus Growth & Income Fund
Virtus Mid-Cap Core Fund
Virtus Mid-Cap Growth Fund
Virtus Mid-Cap Value Fund
Virtus Quality Large-Cap Value Fund
Virtus Quality Small-Cap Fund
Virtus Small-Cap Core Fund
Virtus Small-Cap Sustainable Growth Fund
Virtus Strategic Growth Fund
Virtus Tactical Allocation Fund
Virtus Insight Trust
Virtus Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund
Virtus High Yield Income Fund
Virtus Insight Government Money Market Fund
Virtus Insight Money Market Fund
Virtus Insight Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund
Virtus Low Duration Income Fund
Virtus Tax-Exempt Bond Fund
Virtus Opportunities Trust
Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus AlphaSector Rotation Fund
Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund
Virtus Bond Fund
Virtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund
Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund
Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund
Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund
Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund
Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund
Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund
Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund
Virtus Global Dividend Fund
Virtus Global Opportunities Fund
Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund
Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund
Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund
Virtus Herzfeld Fund
Virtus High Yield Fund
Virtus International Equity Fund
Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund
Virtus International Small-Cap Fund
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund
Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund (f/k/a Virtus Multi-Sector Fixed Income Fund
Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund
Virtus Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Real Estate Securities Fund
Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund
Virtus Wealth Masters Fund
SIXTH AMENDMENT
to
SUB-ADMINISTRATION AND ACCOUNTING SERVICES AGREEMENT
THIS AMENDMENT made effective as of the 10 th day of June, 2013 amends that certain sub-administration and accounting services agreement, dated as of January 1, 2010, as amended, among the Funds listed on Exhibit A and the Portfolios listed on Exhibit B, Virtus Fund Services, LLC (successor in interest to VP Distributors, LLC (formerly VP Distributors, Inc.)) and BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (formerly known as PNC Global Investment Servicing (U.S.) Inc.) (the Sub-Administration Agreement) as herein below provided.
W I T N E S S E T H :
WHEREAS, Pursuant to Section 17, Amendments, of the Sub-Administration Agreement, the Funds and the Portfolios wish to amend Exhibit B of the Sub-Administration Agreement to add the Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund and to otherwise update the Exhibit.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premise, the parties to the Sub-Administration Agreement hereby agree that the Sub-Administration Agreement is amended as follows:
1. |
Exhibit B to the Sub-Administration Agreement is hereby replaced with Exhibit B attached hereto and made a part hereof. |
2. |
Except as herein provided, the Sub-Administration Agreement shall be and remain unmodified and in full force and effect. All initial capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the Sub-Administration Agreement. |
3. |
This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts (including executed counterparts delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission) with the same effect as if all signing parties had originally signed the same document, and all counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute the same instrument. For all purposes, signatures delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission shall be binding and effective to the same extent as original signatures. |
[signature page follows]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed by their duly authorized officers.
EXHIBIT B
THIS EXHIBIT B, dated as of June 10, 2013, is Exhibit B to that certain Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement dated as of January 1, 2010 by and among BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (formerly known as PNC Global Investment Servicing (U.S.) Inc.), VP Distributors, LLC (formerly VP Distributors, Inc.) and the investment companies known as the Virtus Mutual Funds.
PORTFOLIOS
Virtus Equity Trust
Virtus Balanced Fund
Virtus Growth & Income Fund
Virtus Mid-Cap Core Fund
Virtus Mid-Cap Growth Fund
Virtus Mid-Cap Value Fund
Virtus Quality Large-Cap Value Fund
Virtus Quality Small-Cap Fund
Virtus Small-Cap Core Fund
Virtus Small-Cap Sustainable Growth Fund
Virtus Strategic Growth Fund
Virtus Tactical Allocation Fund
Virtus Insight Trust
Virtus Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund
Virtus High Yield Income Fund
Virtus Insight Government Money Market Fund
Virtus Insight Money Market Fund
Virtus Insight Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund
Virtus Low Duration Income Fund
Virtus Tax-Exempt Bond Fund
Virtus Opportunities Trust
Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus AlphaSector Rotation Fund
Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund
Virtus Bond Fund
Virtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund
Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund
Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund
Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund
Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund
Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund
Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund
Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund
Virtus Global Dividend Fund
Virtus Global Opportunities Fund
Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund
Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund
Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund
Virtus Herzfeld Fund
Virtus High Yield Fund
Virtus International Equity Fund
Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund
Virtus International Small-Cap Fund
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund
Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund (f/k/a Virtus Multi-Sector Fixed Income Fund
Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund
Virtus Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Real Estate Securities Fund
Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund
Virtus Wealth Masters Fund
FUNDS OF FUNDS
Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund
Virtus AlphaSector SM Rotation Fund
Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund
Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund
Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund
Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Herzfeld Fund
Virtus Premium AlphaSector SM Fund
Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund
EIGHTEENTH AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXPENSE LIMITATION AGREEMENT
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST
This Eighteenth Amended and Restated Expense Limitation Agreement (the Agreement), effective as of June 10, 2013, amends and restates that certain Amended & Restated Expense Limitation Agreement effective as of December 18, 2012, by and between Virtus Opportunities Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the Registrant), on behalf of each series of the Registrant listed in Appendix A (each a Fund and collectively, the Funds) and the Adviser of each of the Funds, Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation (the Adviser).
WHEREAS, the Adviser renders advice and services to the Funds pursuant to the terms and provisions of one or more Investment Advisory Agreements entered into between the Registrant and the Adviser (the Advisory Agreement);
WHEREAS, the Adviser desires to maintain the expenses of each Fund at a level below the level to which each such Fund might otherwise be subject; and
WHEREAS, the Adviser understands and intends that the Registrant will rely on this Agreement in accruing the expenses of the Registrant for purposes of calculating net asset value and for other purposes, and expressly permits the Registrant to do so.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. | Limit on Fund Expenses. The Adviser has agreed to limit the respective rate of Total Fund Operating Expenses or Other Expenses (Expense Limit) for each Fund as specified in Appendix A of this Agreement, for the time period indicated. |
2. | Definitions. |
2.1. | For purposes of this Agreement, the term Total Fund Operating Expenses with respect to a Fund is defined to include all expenses necessary or appropriate for the operation of the Fund including the Advisers investment advisory or management fee under the Advisory Agreement and other expenses described in the Advisory Agreement that the Fund is responsible for and have not been assumed by the Adviser, but excludes front-end or contingent deferred loads, taxes, interest, brokerage commissions, expenses incurred in connection with any merger or reorganization, extraordinary expenses (such as litigation) or acquired fund fees and expenses and for Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund also does not include leverage expenses, if any. |
2.2. |
For purposes of this Agreement, the term Other Expenses with respect to the Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund is defined to include all expenses necessary or appropriate for the operation of the Fund excluding the Advisers investment advisory or management fee under the Advisory Agreement, Rule 12b-1 fees and/or shareholder servicing fees, front-end or contingent deferred loads, taxes, interest, brokerage |
commissions, prime brokerage interest expenses, dividends on short sales, expenses incurred in connection with any merger or reorganization, extraordinary expenses (such as litigation) and acquired fund fees and expenses). |
3. | Recoupment and Recapture of Fees and Expenses. Each Fund has agreed to reimburse the Adviser and/or certain of its affiliates (collectively, Virtus) out of assets belonging to the relevant class of the Fund for any Total Fund Operating Expenses or Other Expenses, as the case may be, of the relevant class of the Fund in excess of the Expense Limit paid, waived or assumed by Virtus for that Fund, provided that Virtus would not be entitled to reimbursement for any amount that would cause the applicable Expense Limit to be exceeded or, if the Expense Limit has been removed, then the previous Expense Limit, at the time that the reimbursement would be made, and provided further that no amount would be reimbursed by the Fund more than three years after the fiscal year in which it was incurred or waived by Virtus. |
4. | Term, Termination and Modification. This Agreement is effective for the time period indicated on Appendix A, unless sooner terminated as provided below in this Paragraph. Subsequent to the initial term indicated on Appendix A, the amount of the Expense Limit and term applicable to each Fund shall be as disclosed in the then current prospectus of that Fund. This Agreement shall remain in effect with respect to each Fund subject to a Voluntary Expense Limitation until such time as specified in a notice of its termination provided by one party to the other party. This Agreement also may be terminated by the Registrant on behalf of any one or more of the Funds at any time without payment of any penalty or by the Board of Trustees of the Registrant upon thirty (30) days written notice to the Adviser. In addition, this Agreement shall terminate with respect to a Fund upon termination of the Advisory Agreement with respect to such Fund. |
5. | Assignment. This Agreement and all rights and obligations hereunder may not be assigned without the written consent of the other party. |
6. | Severability. If any provision of this Agreement shall be held or made invalid by a court decision, statute or rule, or shall otherwise be rendered invalid, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby. |
7. | Captions. The captions in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or limit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect. |
8. | Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of Delaware without giving effect to the conflict of laws principles thereof; provided that nothing herein shall be construed to preempt, or to be inconsistent with, any Federal securities law, regulation or rule, including the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended and any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. |
9. | Computation. If the fiscal year-to-date Total Fund Operating Expenses of a Fund or Other Expenses, as applicable, at the end of any month during which this Agreement is in effect exceed the Expense Limit for that Fund (the Excess Amount), the Adviser shall (at its option) waive or reduce its fee under the Advisory Agreement and/or remit to that Fund an amount that is sufficient to pay the Excess Amount computed on the last day of the month. |
10. | Liability. Virtus agrees that it shall look only to the assets of the relevant class of each respective relevant Fund for performance of this Agreement and for payment of any claim Virtus may have hereunder, and neither any other Fund (including the other series of the Registrant) or class of the Fund, nor any of the Registrants trustees, officers, employees, agents or shareholders, whether past, present or future, shall be personally liable therefor. |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their duly authorized officers.
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST |
VIRTUS INVESTMENT ADVISERS, INC. |
|||||||
By: |
|
By: |
|
|||||
W. Patrick Bradley |
Francis G. Waltman |
|||||||
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer |
Executive Vice President |
|||||||
and Treasurer |
APPENDIX A
Contractual Expense Limitations
Virtus Mutual Fund | Total Fund Operating Expense Limit | Term | ||||||||
Class A | Class B | Class C | Class I | |||||||
Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund |
1.40% | 2.15% | 1.15% | December 18, 2012 January 31, 2014 | ||||||
Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund |
1.60% | 2.35% | 1.35% | December 18, 2012 January 31, 2014 | ||||||
Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund |
1.70% | 2.45% | 1.45 | December 18, 2012 January 31, 2014 | ||||||
Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund |
1.35% | -- | 2.10% | 1.10% | August 28, 2012 January 31, 2014 | |||||
Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund | 1.75% | -- | 2.50% | 1.50% | August 28, 2012 January 31, 2014 | |||||
Virtus Herzfeld Fund |
1.60% | -- | 2.35% | 1.35% | August 28, 2012 January 31, 2014 | |||||
Virtus International Small-Cap Fund |
1.60% | -- | 2.35% | 1.35% | August 28, 2012 January 31, 2014 | |||||
Virtus Wealth Masters Fund |
1.45% | -- | 2.20% | 1.20% | August 28, 2012 January 31, 2014 | |||||
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
1.55% | 2.30% | 1.30% | June 10, 2013 January 31, 2015 |
Voluntary Expense Limitations*
Virtus Mutual Fund | Total Fund Operating Expense Limit | Effective Date | ||||||||||
Class A | Class B | Class C | Class I | Class T | ||||||||
Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund | 1.75% | -- | 2.50% | 1.50% | -- | March 31, 2012 | ||||||
Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund | 0.20% | -- | 0.20% | 0.20%-- | -- | January 28, 2008 | ||||||
Virtus Bond Fund | 0.85% | 1.60% | 1.60% | 0.60% | -- | May 16, 2008 | ||||||
Virtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund | 0.85% | -- | -- | 0.60% | -- | January 28, 2008 | ||||||
Virtus Core Bond Fund | 1.00% | 1.75% | 1.75% | -- | -- | August 6, 2008 | ||||||
Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund | 1.65% | -- | 2.40% | 1.40% | -- | March 31, 2012 | ||||||
Virtus Global Opportunities Fund | 1.55% | 2.30% | 2.30% | 1.3% | -- | January 1, 2010 ** | ||||||
Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund | 1.75% | -- | 2.50% | 1.50% | -- | March 31, 2012 | ||||||
Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund | 1.40% | -- | 2.15% | 1.15% | -- | April 1, 2010 | ||||||
Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund | 1.80% | -- | 2.55% | 1.55% | -- | April 1, 2010 | ||||||
Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund | 1.45% | -- | 2.20% | 1.20% | -- | April 1, 2010 | ||||||
Virtus High-Yield Fund | 1.15% | 1.90% | 1.90% | 0.90% | -- | January 1, 2011 ** | ||||||
Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund | 1.50% | -- | 2.25% | 1.25% | -- | February 1, 2009 | ||||||
Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund | 1.10% | 1.60% | 1.35% | 0.85% | 1.85% | April 14, 2010 | ||||||
Virtus Premium AlphaSector Fund | 1.70% | -- | 2.45% | 1.45% | -- | June 30, 2010-June 30, 2011 | ||||||
Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund | 1.20% | -- | 1.95% | 0.95% | -- | February 1, 2009 |
Virtus Mutual Fund | Other Expenses Limit | Effective Date | ||
Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund |
0.15% |
February 6, 2012 |
* Voluntary expense limitations are terminable at any time upon notice.
** Effective August 8, 2012 for Class I shares.
Execution Copy
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
FEE WAIVER AGREEMENT
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST
This Second Amended and Restated Fee Waiver Agreement (the Agreement), effective as of March 17, 2011, is by and between Virtus Opportunities Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the Registrant), on behalf of each series of the Registrant listed in Appendix A (each a Fund and collectively, the Funds) and the Distributor of each of the Funds, VP Distributors, Inc., a Connecticut corporation (the Distributor).
WHEREAS, the Distributor provides distribution services to the Funds pursuant to the terms and provisions of an Underwriting Agreement entered into between the Registrant and the Distributor (the Underwriting Agreement);
WHEREAS, the Distributor is entitled to certain fees for distribution services under the terms of one or more Distribution Plans (each, a Rule 12b-1 Plan) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act);
WHEREAS, the Distributor is subject to the rules promulgated by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, including NASD Rule 2830(d), which limits the sales charges and services fees that may be paid to the Distributor by the Funds; and
WHEREAS, the Distributor understands and intends that the Registrant will rely on this Agreement in accruing the expenses of the Registrant for purposes of calculating net asset value and for other purposes, and expressly permits the Registrant to do so.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. | Waiver of 12b-1 Fees. The Distributor hereby agrees to waive the 12b-1 fees to which it would otherwise be entitled under the Rule 12b-1 Plan, to the extent necessary for the Distributor and the Fund to remain in compliance with NASD Rule 2830(d). |
2. | Term, Termination and Modification. This Agreement shall become effective on the date specified herein and shall remain in effect with respect to each Fund for one year and renew for subsequent one-year terms, unless notice is given by the terminating party at least thirty (30) days prior to the beginning of the new term. This Agreement also may be terminated by the Registrant on behalf of any one or more of the Funds at any time without payment of any penalty or by the Board of Trustees of the Registrant upon thirty (30) days written notice to the Distributor. In addition, this Agreement shall terminate with respect to a Fund upon termination of the Underwriting Agreement. |
3. | Assignment. This Agreement and all rights and obligations hereunder may not be assigned, as such term is interpreted under the 1940 Act, without the written consent of the other party. |
4. | Severability. If any provision of this Agreement shall be held or made invalid by a court decision, statute or rule, or shall otherwise be rendered invalid, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby. |
5. | Captions. The captions in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or limit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect. |
6. | Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of Delaware without giving effect to the conflict of laws principles thereof; provided that nothing herein shall be construed to preempt, or to be inconsistent with, any Federal securities law, regulation or rule, including the 1940 Act and any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. |
7. | Liability. The Distributor agrees that it shall look only to the assets of the relevant class of each respective relevant Fund for performance of this Agreement and for payment of any claim the Distributor may have hereunder, and neither any other Fund (including the other series of the Registrant) or class of the Fund, nor any of the Registrants trustees, officers, employees, agents or shareholders, whether past, present or future, shall be personally liable therefor. |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their duly authorized officers.
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST |
VP DISTRIBUTORS, INC. |
|||||||
By: |
/s/ George R. Aylward |
By: |
/s/ Jeffrey Cerutti |
|||||
George R. Aylward |
Jeffrey Cerutti |
|||||||
President |
President |
APPENDIX A
Funds
Virtus AlphaSector Rotation Fund
Virtus Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund
|
100 Pearl Street Hartford, CT 06103
|
800.248.7971 | VITRUS.COM |
June 10, 2013
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, NE
Washington, DC 20549
Re: |
Virtus Opportunities Trust (the Trust) |
Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 |
to Registration Statement 033-65137 |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
This opinion is furnished in connection with the registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, of shares (the Shares) of the above-referenced Trust. In rendering this opinion, I have examined such documents, records and matters of law as deemed necessary for purposes of this opinion. I have assumed the genuineness of all signatures of all parties, the authenticity of all documents submitted as originals, the correctness of all copies and the correctness of all written or oral statements made to me.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, it is my opinion that the Shares that will be issued by the Trust when sold will be legally issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
My opinion is rendered solely in connection with the Registration Statement on Form N1-A under which the Shares will be registered and may not be relied upon for any other purpose without my written consent. I hereby consent to the use of this opinion as an exhibit to such Registration Statement.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Kevin J. Carr
Kevin J. Carr
Vice President, Chief Legal Officer, Counsel and Secretary
Virtus Mutual Funds
Securities distributed by VP Distributors, LLC
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form N-1A of our report dated November 21, 2012, relating to the financial statements and financial highlights which appear in the September 30, 2012 Annual Report to Shareholders of Virtus Opportunities Trust, which is also incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement. We also consent to the references to us under the headings Non-Public Portfolio Holdings Information, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, and Financial Statements in such Registration Statement.
/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
June 10, 2013
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST
(the Fund)
AMENDMENT NO. 12 TO
CLASS A SHARES
AMENDED AND RESTATED DISTRIBUTION PLAN PURSUANT TO RULE 12b-1
under the
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
THIS AMENDMENT made effective as of the 10 th day of June, 2013 amends that certain Class A Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, dated March 1, 2007 and amended on June 27, 2007, September 24, 2007, October 1, 2007, January 31, 2008, March 2, 2009, April 21, 2009, June 30, 2010, September 14, 2010, March 15, 2011, August 18, 2012 and December 18, 2012, by and for the Fund (the Plan) as herein below provided.
W I T N E S S E T H :
WHEREAS, the Fund wishes to amend Appendix A of the Plan to reflect the addition of the Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund, which has been approved as a party to the Plan.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premise, the Fund hereby agrees that the Plan is amended as follows:
1. Appendix A to the Plan is hereby replaced with Appendix A attached hereto and made a part of the Plan.
2. Except as herein provided, the Plan shall be and remain unmodified and in full force and effect. All initial capitalized terms used herein shall have such meanings as ascribed thereto in the Plan.
APPENDIX A
(as of June 10, 2013)
Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus AlphaSector Rotation Fund
Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund
Virtus Bond Fund
Virtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund
Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund
Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund
Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund
Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund
Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund
Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund
Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund
Virtus Global Dividend Fund
Virtus Global Opportunities Fund
Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund
Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund
Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund
Virtus Herzfeld Fund
Virtus High Yield Fund
Virtus International Equity Fund
Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund
Virtus International Small-Cap Fund
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund
Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund (f/k/a Virtus Multi-Sector Fixed Income Fund
Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund
Virtus Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Real Estate Securities Fund
Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund
Virtus Wealth Masters Fund
VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST
(the Fund)
AMENDMENT NO. 12 TO
CLASS C SHARES
AMENDED AND RESTATED DISTRIBUTION PLAN PURSUANT TO RULE 12b-1
under the
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
THIS AMENDMENT made effective as of the 10 th day of June, 2013 amends that certain Class C Shares Amended and Restated Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, dated March 1, 2007, and amended on June 27, 2007, September 24, 2007, October 1, 2007, January 31, 2008, March 2, 2009, April 21, 2009, June 30, 2010, September 14, 2010, March 15, 2011, August 28, 2012 and December 18, 2012, by and for the Fund (the Plan) as herein below provided.
W I T N E S S E T H :
WHEREAS, the Fund wishes to amend Appendix A of the Plan to reflect the addition of the Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund, which has been approved as a party to the Plan.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premise, the Fund hereby agrees that the Plan is amended as follows:
1. |
Appendix A to the Plan is hereby replaced with Appendix A attached hereto and made a part of the Plan. |
2. |
Except as herein provided, the Plan shall be and remain unmodified and in full force and effect. All initial capitalized terms used herein shall have such meanings as ascribed thereto in the Plan. |
APPENDIX A
(as of June 10, 2013)
Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus AlphaSector Rotation Fund
Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund
Virtus Bond Fund
Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund
Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund
Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund
Virtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund
Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund
Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund
Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund
Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund
Virtus Global Dividend Fund
Virtus Global Opportunities Fund
Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund
Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund
Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund
Virtus Herzfeld Fund
Virtus High Yield Fund
Virtus International Equity Fund
Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund
Virtus International Small-Cap Fund
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund
Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund (f/k/a Virtus Multi-Sector Fixed Income Fund
Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund
Virtus Premium AlphaSector Fund
Virtus Real Estate Securities Fund
Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund
Virtus Wealth Masters Fund
VIRTUS MUTUAL FUNDS
EIGHTH AMENDMENT
to
AMENDED AND RESTATED
PLAN PURSUANT TO RULE 18f-3
under the
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
THIS AMENDMENT made effective as of the 10 th day of June, 2013, amends that certain amended and restated plan pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, duly adopted by the Board of Trustees on August 19, 2009 (the Rule 18f-3 Plan) and amended from time to time, as herein below provided:
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Trusts and the Funds wish to amend Schedule A of the Rule 18f-3 Plan to reflect the addition of the Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund and to otherwise update the Schedule.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premise, the Trusts and the Funds hereby agree that the Rule 18f-3 Plan is amended as follows:
1. |
Schedule A to the Rule 18f-3 Plan is hereby replaced with Schedule A attached hereto and made a part of the Rule 18f-3 Plan. |
2. |
Except as herein provided, the Rule 18f-3 Plan shall be and remain unmodified and in full force and effect. All initial capitalized terms used herein shall have such meanings as ascribed thereto in the Rule 18f-3 Plan. |
SCHEDULE A
(as of June 10, 2013)
A Shares |
B Shares |
C Shares |
I Shares |
T Shares |
||||||
Virtus Equity Trust |
||||||||||
Virtus Balanced Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Growth & Income Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Mid-Cap Core Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Mid-Cap Growth Fund |
X | X | X | X | ||||||
Virtus Mid-Cap Value Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Quality Large-Cap Value Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Quality Small-Cap Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Small-Cap Core Fund |
X | X | X | X | ||||||
Virtus Small-Cap Sustainable Growth Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Strategic Growth Fund |
X | X | X | X | ||||||
Virtus Tactical Allocation Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Insight Trust |
||||||||||
Virtus Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus High Yield Income Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Insight Government Money Market Fund |
X | X | ||||||||
Virtus Insight Money Market Fund |
X | X | ||||||||
Virtus Insight Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund |
X | X | ||||||||
Virtus Low Duration Income Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Tax-Exempt Bond Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Opportunities Trust |
||||||||||
Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus AlphaSector Rotation Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Bond Fund |
X | X | X | X | ||||||
Virtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund |
X | X | ||||||||
Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Global Dividend Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Global Opportunities Fund |
X | X | X | X | ||||||
Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Herzfeld Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus High Yield Fund |
X | X | X | X |
A Shares |
B Shares |
C Shares |
I Shares |
T Shares |
||||||
Virtus International Equity Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus International Small-Cap Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund (f/k/a Virtus Multi-Sector Fixed Income Fund) |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund |
X | X | X | X | X | |||||
Virtus Premium AlphaSector Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Real Estate Securities Fund |
X | X | X | X | ||||||
Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund |
X | X | X | |||||||
Virtus Wealth Masters Fund |
X | X | X |