Table of Contents

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 27, 2013

Registration No. 333-            

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM S-4

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

WILLIAM LYON HOMES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

California   1531   33-0253855

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

Classification Code Number)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

AND

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   1531   33-0864902

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

Classification Code Number)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

AND

The Other Registrants Named in the Table of Additional Registrants Below

 

 

4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor

Newport Beach, CA, 92660

(949) 833-3600

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

 

William H. Lyon

Chief Executive Officer

William Lyon Homes

4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor

Newport Beach, CA, 92660

(949) 833-3600

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

 

with copies to:

Cary Hyden, Esq.

Michael A. Treska, Esq.

Latham & Watkins LLP

650 Town Center Drive, 20th Floor

Costa Mesa, California 92626

(714) 540-1235

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed exchange offer: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement is declared effective.

If the securities being registered on this Form are being offered in connection with the formation of a holding company and there is compliance with General Instruction G, check the following box   ¨

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer   ¨    Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   x   (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company   ¨

If applicable, please an X in the box to designate the appropriate rule provision relied upon in conducting this transaction:

Exchange Act Rule 13e-4(i) (Cross-Border Issuer Tender Offer)   ¨

Exchange Act Rule 14d-1(d) (Cross-Border Third-Party Tender Offer)   ¨

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

Title of each class of

securities to be registered

 

Amount

to be

registered

 

Proposed

maximum

offering price

per note

 

Proposed

maximum

aggregate

offering price

 

Amount of

registration fee

8.500% Senior Notes due 2020

  $100,000,000(1)   106.5% of Principal Amount(2)(3)   $106,500,000(1)(2)   $13,717.20

Guarantees of 8.500% Senior Notes due
2020(4)

  —     —     —     (4)

 

 

(1) Represents the aggregate principal amount of the 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 issued by William Lyon Homes, Inc. on October 24, 2013.
(2) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(f) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).
(3) Exclusive of accrued interest, if any.
(4) Consists of guarantees of the 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 of William Lyon Homes, Inc. by William Lyon Homes and the additional guarantor registrants listed on the Table of Additional Registrants below. Pursuant to Rule 457(n) under the Securities Act, no separate filing fee is required for the guarantees.

 

 

The registrants hereby amend this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrants shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


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TABLE OF ADDITIONAL REGISTRANTS

Additional Registrants (as Guarantors of 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020)

 

Exact Name as specified in its charter *

   State or other
jurisdiction of
incorporation
or
organization
   Primary
Standard
Industrial
Classification
Code Number
   I.R.S.
Employer
Identification
No.

California Equity Funding, Inc.

   California    1531    33-0830016

PH-LP Ventures

   California    1531    33-0799119

Duxford Financial, Inc.

   California    1531    33-0640824

Sycamore CC, Inc.

   California    1531    33-0981307

Presley CMR, Inc.

   California    1531    33-0603862

William Lyon Southwest, Inc.

   Arizona    1531    86-0978474

PH-Rielly Ventures

   California    1531    33-0827710

HSP Inc.

   California    1531    33-0636045

PH Ventures-San Jose

   California    1531    33-0785089

Presley Homes

   California    1531    33-0905035

WLH Enterprises

   California    1531    33-0013333

Lyon East Garrison Company I, LLC

   California    1531    41-2065692

Lyon Waterfront LLC

   Delaware    1531    04-3671928

Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC

   Arizona    1531    20-3431322

Mountain Falls, LLC

   Nevada    1531    20-1119631

Mountain Falls Golf Course, LLC

   Nevada    1531    20-1223291

 

* Each additional registrant is a wholly-owned direct or indirect subsidiary of William Lyon Homes. The notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the additional registrants and William Lyon Homes on a joint and several basis, subject to customary release provisions. See “Description of the Notes—Note Guarantees” for a summary of the circumstances under which a note guarantee may be released. The address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of each registrant’s principal executive offices is c/o William Lyon Homes, 4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor, Newport Beach, California, telephone (949) 833-3600. The name, address, and telephone number of the agent for service for each additional registrant is William H. Lyon, Chief Executive Officer, William Lyon Homes, 4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor, Newport Beach, California, telephone (949) 833-3600.


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The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not offer or sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, nor a solicitation of an offer to buy these securities, in any jurisdiction where the offering, solicitation or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED DECEMBER 27, 2013

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

$100,000,000

LOGO

William Lyon Homes, Inc.

Exchange Offer for

8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 and Related Guarantees

 

 

On November 8, 2012, we issued $325.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “initial notes”) under an indenture dated November 8, 2012 (as amended or supplemented, the “indenture”), by and among us, William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation and our parent company, the additional guarantors and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. On October 24, 2013, we issued $100.0 million in aggregate principal amount of additional notes under the indenture (the “outstanding notes”). The outstanding notes are treated together with the initial notes as a single series of debt securities for all purposes under the indenture and will vote together on all matters under the indenture, and have terms identical to the initial notes, other than the issue date and offering price. We are offering hereby to issue up to $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020, which will be unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by our parent and certain of its existing and future direct and indirect subsidiaries (the “exchange notes”), in an exchange offer that will be registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), in exchange for any and all of the outstanding notes. We are offering to exchange the outstanding notes for the exchange notes to satisfy our obligations in the registration rights agreement that we entered into when the outstanding notes were sold pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act.

The Exchange Offer

 

   

We will exchange all outstanding notes that are validly tendered and not validly withdrawn for an equal principal amount of exchange notes that are freely tradable, except in limited circumstances as described below.

 

   

You may withdraw tenders of your outstanding notes at any time prior to the expiration date of the exchange offer.

 

   

The exchange offer expires at midnight, New York City time, on the evening of             , unless extended. We do not currently intend to extend the expiration date.

 

   

The exchange of the outstanding notes for exchange notes in the exchange offer will not be a taxable event for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

   

We will not receive any proceeds from the exchange offer.

The Exchange Notes

 

   

The terms of the exchange notes to be issued in the exchange offer are identical in all material respects to the outstanding notes, except that the exchange notes will be freely tradable, except in limited circumstances as described below.

Resales of the Exchange Notes

 

   

The exchange notes may be resold in the over-the-counter market, in negotiated transactions or through a combination of such methods. We do not plan to list the notes on any securities exchange or market.

All untendered outstanding notes will continue to be subject to the restrictions on transfer set forth in the outstanding notes and in the related indenture. In general, the outstanding notes may not be offered or sold, except in transactions that are registered under the Securities Act or pursuant to an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. We currently do not anticipate that we will register the resale of the outstanding notes under the Securities Act.

 

 

See “ Risk Factors ” beginning on page 12 for a discussion of certain risks that you should consider before participating in the exchange offer.

Each broker-dealer that receives exchange notes for its own account pursuant to the exchange offer must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in connection with any resale of such exchange notes. The letter of transmittal states that by so acknowledging and delivering a prospectus, a broker-dealer will not be deemed to admit that it is an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act. This prospectus, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, may be used by a broker-dealer in connection with resales of exchange notes received in exchange for outstanding notes where such outstanding notes were acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities. In addition, all dealers effecting transactions in the exchange notes may be required to deliver a prospectus. We have agreed that, for a period of 180 days after the consummation of the exchange offer, we will make this prospectus available to any broker-dealer for use in connection with such resales. See “Plan of Distribution.”

If you are an affiliate of ours or any guarantor, or are engaged in, or intend to engage in, or have an agreement or understanding to participate in, a distribution of the exchange notes, then you cannot rely on the applicable interpretations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and you must comply with the registration requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any resale of the exchange notes.

Neither the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

The date of this prospectus is             , 2013.


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

     ii   

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

     1   

RISK FACTORS

     12   

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

     26   

USE OF PROCEEDS

     27   

CAPITALIZATION

     28   

DESCRIPTION OF OUR BUSINESS

     29   

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA OPERATING STATEMENTS

     40   

SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

     42   

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

     46   

MANAGEMENT AND DIRECTORS

     90   

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

     101   

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

     115   

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

     118   

THE EXCHANGE OFFER

     122   

DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS

     131   

DESCRIPTION OF THE NOTES

     134   

UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

     173   

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

     174   

LEGAL MATTERS

     175   

EXPERTS

     175   

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

     F-1   

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to give you any information or to make any representations about the transaction we discuss in this prospectus other than as contained in this prospectus. If you are given any information or representation that is not discussed in this prospectus, you must not rely on that information. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you.

As used in this prospectus, references to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our,” and similar expressions, refer to William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries. In addition, “Parent” refers to William Lyon Homes and “California Lyon” or the “Issuer” refers to William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Parent and the issuer of the notes offered hereby. However, in the cover page of this prospectus and the sections of this prospectus titled “Prospectus Summary—The Exchange Offer,” “Prospectus Summary—The Exchange Notes,” “The Exchange Offer” and “Description of the Notes,” references to “we,” “us” and “our” and similar expressions refer only to William Lyon Homes, Inc. and not to its subsidiaries or Parent.

 

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

In connection with the exchange offer, we have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-4 under the Securities Act with respect to the exchange offer. As permitted by SEC rules, this prospectus, which forms a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement. For further information with respect to us and the exchange notes, we refer you to the registration statement, including its exhibits. With respect to statements in this prospectus about the contents of any contract, agreement or other document, we refer you to the copy of such contract, agreement or other document filed or incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement, and each such statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the document to which it refers.

Parent is subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and files periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Materials that we file with the SEC may be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet website at http://www.sec.gov from which interested persons can electronically access reports, proxy statements and other information relating to SEC registrants, including our Company.

We maintain a website at www.lyonhomes.com. You may access our periodic reports, proxy statements and other information free of charge at this website as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. The information on our website does not constitute part of, and is not incorporated by reference into, this prospectus.

 

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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary highlights important information about our business and the exchange offer. It does not include all the information you should consider before deciding to participate in the exchange offer. For a more complete understanding of our business and the exchange offer, you should read this entire prospectus, especially the description of the terms and conditions of the notes discussed under “Description of the Notes” and the risks of investing in the notes discussed under “Risk Factors” in this prospectus.

DESCRIPTION OF OUR BUSINESS

Our Company

We are one of the largest Western U.S. regional homebuilders. Headquartered in Newport Beach, California, we are primarily engaged in the design, construction, marketing and sale of single-family detached and attached homes in California, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado. Our core markets include Orange County, Los Angeles, San Diego, the San Francisco Bay Area, Phoenix, Las Vegas and Denver. We have a distinguished legacy of more than 55 years of homebuilding operations, over which time we have sold in excess of 76,000 homes. Our markets are characterized by attractive long-term housing fundamentals. We believe that we hold leading market share positions in most of our markets and we have a significant land supply with 13,156 lots owned or controlled as of September 30, 2013.

We have a proven expertise in understanding the needs of our homebuyers and tailoring our product offerings to meet such needs, which allows us to maximize the yield on our land investments by pairing product with market demand. We build and sell across a diverse range of product lines at a variety of price points with an emphasis on sales to entry-level, first-time move-up and second-time move-up homebuyers. We are committed to achieving the highest standards in design, quality and customer satisfaction and have received numerous industry awards and commendations throughout our operating history recognizing our achievements.

In 2012 we delivered 950 homes, with an average selling price of approximately $275,000, and recognized home sales revenues and total revenues of $261.3 million and $398.3 million, respectively. In the nine months ended September 30, 2013, we delivered 969 homes, with an average selling price of approximately $349,300 and recognized home sales revenues and total revenues of $338.4 million and $363.1 million, respectively.

We have experienced significant operating momentum since the beginning of 2012, during which time a variety of key housing, employment and other related economic statistics in our markets have increasingly demonstrated signs of recovery. This rebound in market conditions, when combined with our disciplined operating strategy, has resulted in seven consecutive quarters of period over period growth in our net new home orders, home closings and sales backlog. As of September 30, 2013, we were selling homes in 29 communities and had a consolidated backlog of 467 sold but unclosed homes, with an associated sales value of $208.1 million, representing a 13% and 92% increase in units and dollars, respectively, as compared to the backlog at September 30, 2012. The average selling price for homes in our backlog as of September 30, 2013 was approximately $445,600, which is 28% higher than the average sales price of homes closed for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 of $349,300. We believe that the attractive fundamentals in our markets, our leading market share positions, our long-standing relationships with land developers, our significant land supply and our focus on providing the best possible customer experience position us to capitalize on meaningful growth as the U.S. housing market continues to rebound.

General Corporate Information and History

The Company’s predecessor, The Presley Companies (“Presley”), was formed in 1956. In 1987, General William Lyon purchased 100% of the stock of Presley, which subsequently went public in 1991 and was listed on The New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “PDC.” In 1999, Presley acquired William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation, and changed its name to William Lyon Homes and its ticker symbol to “WLS.” The Company was subsequently taken private in 2006 by way of a tender offer by General William Lyon for the shares of the Company that were then publicly owned.

In May 2013, Parent completed its initial public offering, and shares of its Class A common stock began trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “WLH”. Today, the Company’s principal executive offices are located at 4695 MacArthur Court, 8 th Floor, Newport Beach, California 92660 and its telephone number is (949) 833-3600. The Company’s website address is www.lyonhomes.com. Information contained on the Company’s website is not a part of this prospectus and the inclusion of the website address in this prospectus is an inactive textual reference only. Parent was incorporated in the State of Delaware on July 15, 1999.

 

 

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The Exchange Offer

In this prospectus, (1) the term “outstanding notes” refers to our outstanding 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 and the related guarantees issued in a private placement on October 24, 2013, in a total aggregate principal amount of $100,000,000; (2) the term “exchange notes” refers to our 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 and the related guarantees offered by this prospectus in exchange for the outstanding notes; and (3) the term “notes” refers, collectively, to the outstanding notes and the exchange notes. As used in this section of the prospectus, the terms “we,” “us” and “our” and similar expressions refer only to William Lyon Homes, Inc. and not to its subsidiaries or Parent unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires.

The summary below describes the principal terms of the exchange offer. See also the section of this prospectus titled “The Exchange Offer,” which contains a more detailed description of the terms and conditions of the exchange offer.

 

General    In connection with a private placement, we entered into a registration rights agreement with the purchasers of the outstanding notes in which we agreed, among other things, to use our commercially reasonable efforts to cause the exchange offer described in this prospectus to be consummated within 210 days after the date of the original issue of the outstanding notes. You are entitled to exchange in the exchange offer your outstanding notes for exchange notes, which are identical in all material respects to the outstanding notes except:
  

•      the offer and sale of the exchange notes will have been registered under the Securities Act;

 

•      the exchange notes are not entitled to any registration rights that are applicable to the outstanding notes under the registration rights agreement; and

 

•      the provisions of the registration rights agreement that provide for payment of additional amounts upon a registration default are no longer applicable.

The Exchange Offer    We are offering to exchange up to $100,000,000 aggregate principal amount of our 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 and the related guarantees, the offer and sale of which have been registered under the Securities Act, for any and all of our outstanding 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 and the related guarantees.
   Outstanding notes may be exchanged only in denominations of $2,000 and in integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.
   Subject to the satisfaction or waiver of specified conditions, we will exchange the exchange notes for all outstanding notes that are validly tendered and not validly withdrawn prior to the expiration of the exchange offer. We will cause the exchange to be effected promptly after the expiration of the exchange offer.
Resale    Based on interpretations by the staff of the SEC set forth in no-action letters issued to third parties, we believe that the exchange notes issued pursuant to the exchange offer in exchange for outstanding notes may be offered for resale, resold and otherwise transferred by you (unless you are our “affiliate” within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act) without the requirement to comply with the registration and prospectus-delivery provisions of the Securities Act, provided that:
  

•      you are acquiring the exchange notes in the ordinary course of your business; and

 

•      you have not engaged in, do not intend to engage in, and have no arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in, a distribution of the exchange notes.

 

 

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   If you are a broker-dealer and receive exchange notes for your own account in exchange for outstanding notes that you acquired as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities, you must acknowledge that you will deliver this prospectus in connection with any resale of the exchange notes. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Expiration Date    The exchange offer expires at midnight, New York City time, on the evening of            , unless extended by us. We do not currently intend to extend the expiration date.
Withdrawal    You may withdraw any tender of your outstanding notes at any time prior to the expiration of the exchange offer. We will return to you any of your outstanding notes that are not accepted for any reason for exchange, without expense to you, promptly after the expiration or termination of the exchange offer.

Interest on the Exchange Notes and the Outstanding Notes

   Each exchange note bears interest at the rate of 8.500% per annum from the most recent date on which interest has been paid on the notes. The interest on the notes is payable semiannually on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on November 15, 2013. No interest will be paid on outstanding notes following their acceptance for exchange.
Conditions to the Exchange Offer    The exchange offer is subject to customary conditions, which we may assert or waive. See “The Exchange Offer—Conditions to the Exchange Offer.”

Procedures for Tendering Outstanding Notes

   If you wish to participate in the exchange offer, you must complete, sign and date the accompanying letter of transmittal, or a facsimile of the letter of transmittal, according to the instructions contained in this prospectus and the letter of transmittal. You must then mail or otherwise deliver the letter of transmittal, or a facsimile of the letter of transmittal, together with the outstanding notes and any other required documents, to the exchange agent at the address set forth on the cover page of the letter of transmittal.
   If you hold outstanding notes through The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) and wish to participate in the exchange offer, you must comply with the procedures under DTC’s Automated Tender Offer Program by which you will agree to be bound by the letter of transmittal. By signing, or agreeing to be bound by, the letter of transmittal, you will represent to us that, among other things:
  

•      you do not have an arrangement or understanding with any person or entity to participate in the distribution of the exchange notes;

 

•      you are not an “affiliate” of ours or of any guarantor within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act;

 

•      you are not engaged in, and do not intend to engage in, a distribution of the exchange notes;

 

•      you are acquiring the exchange notes in the ordinary course of your business; and

 

•      if you are a broker-dealer that receives exchange notes for your own account in exchange for outstanding notes that were acquired as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities, that you will deliver a prospectus, as required by law, in connection with any resale of such exchange notes.

 

 

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Special Procedures for Beneficial Owners

   If you are a beneficial owner of outstanding notes that are registered in the name of a broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee, and you wish to tender those outstanding notes in the exchange offer, you should contact the registered holder promptly and instruct the registered holder to tender those outstanding notes on your behalf. If you wish to tender on your own behalf, you must, prior to completing and executing the letter of transmittal and delivering your outstanding notes, either make appropriate arrangements to register ownership of the outstanding notes in your name or obtain a properly completed bond power from the registered holder. The transfer of registered ownership may take considerable time and may not be able to be completed prior to the expiration date.
Guaranteed Delivery Procedures    If you wish to tender your outstanding notes and your outstanding notes are not immediately available or you cannot deliver your outstanding notes, the letter of transmittal or any other required documents, or you cannot comply with the procedures under DTC’s Automated Tender Offer Program for transfer of book-entry interests, prior to the expiration date, you must tender your outstanding notes according to the guaranteed delivery procedures described under “The Exchange Offer—Guaranteed Delivery Procedures.”
Effect on Holders of Outstanding Notes    As a result of the making of, and upon acceptance for exchange of all validly tendered outstanding notes pursuant to the terms of, the exchange offer, we will have fulfilled a covenant under the registration rights agreement. Accordingly, there will be no increase in the interest rate on the outstanding notes under the circumstances described in the registration rights agreement. If you do not tender your outstanding notes in the exchange offer, you will continue to be entitled to all the rights and limitations applicable to the outstanding notes as set forth in the indenture under which the outstanding notes were issued, except we will not have any further obligation to you to provide for the exchange and registration of the outstanding notes and related guarantees under the registration rights agreement. To the extent that outstanding notes are tendered and accepted in the exchange offer, the trading market for outstanding notes could be adversely affected.
Consequences of Failure to Exchange    All untendered outstanding notes will continue to be subject to the restrictions on transfer set forth in the outstanding notes and in the indenture under which the outstanding notes were issued. In general, the outstanding notes may not be offered or sold, except in a transaction that is registered under the Securities Act or pursuant to an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. Other than in connection with the exchange offer, we do not anticipate that we will register the offer and sale of the outstanding notes under the Securities Act.

U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Exchange Offer

   The exchange of outstanding notes for exchange notes in the exchange offer will not be a taxable event for United States federal income tax purposes. See “United States Federal Income Tax Considerations.”
Use of Proceeds    We will not receive any cash proceeds from the issuance of exchange notes in the exchange offer. See “Use of Proceeds.”
Exchange Agent    U.S. Bank National Association is the exchange agent for the exchange offer. The addresses and telephone numbers of the exchange agent are set forth under “The Exchange Offer—Exchange Agent.”

 

 

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The Exchange Notes

The summary below describes the principal terms of the exchange notes. Certain of the terms and conditions described below are subject to important limitations and exceptions. The “Description of the Notes” section of this prospectus contains more detailed descriptions of the terms and conditions of the outstanding notes and the exchange notes. The exchange notes will have terms identical in all material respects to the outstanding notes, except that the offer and sale of the exchange notes will be registered under the Securities Act and the exchange notes will have a different CUSIP number and will not contain terms with respect to transfer restrictions, registration rights and additional payments upon a failure to fulfill certain of our obligations under the registration rights agreement. The exchange notes and the initial notes will be treated together as a single series of debt securities for all purposes under the indenture and will vote together on all matters under the indenture. As used in this section of the prospectus, the terms “we,” “us” and “our” and similar expressions refer only to William Lyon Homes, Inc. and not to its subsidiaries or Parent unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires.

 

Issuer    William Lyon Homes, Inc.
Notes Offered    $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020.
Maturity Date    November 15, 2020.
Interest    The exchange notes will bear interest at a rate of 8.500% per annum.
Interest Payment Dates    The interest on the exchange notes is payable semiannually on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on November 15, 2013. Interest will accrue from and including the most recent date on which interest has been paid on the outstanding notes or, if no interest has been paid, from May 15, 2013.
Guarantees    The exchange notes will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a joint and several unsecured basis, subject to customary release provisions summarized under “Description of the Notes—Note Guarantees,” by William Lyon Homes, our parent company, and certain of our existing and future wholly-owned subsidiaries.
   For the nine months ended September 30, 2013, our non-guarantor subsidiaries accounted for $26.5 million of revenue, or approximately 7% of our consolidated total.
   As of September 30, 2013, our non-guarantor subsidiaries accounted for:
  

•    $71.7 million, or approximately 9% of our total assets; and

 

•    $21.5 million, or approximately 5% of our total liabilities.

Ranking    The exchange notes and the guarantees will be our and the guarantors’ senior unsecured obligations. The exchange notes and guarantees will:
  

•      rank senior in right of payment to our and our guarantors’ existing and future subordinated indebtedness;

 

•      rank equally in right of payment with all of our and our guarantors’ existing and future senior indebtedness;

 

•      be effectively subordinated to our and the guarantors’ existing and future senior secured indebtedness, to the extent of the assets securing such indebtedness; and

 

•      be structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities (including trade payables) of each of our subsidiaries that do not guarantee the notes.

   As of September 30, 2013, our non-guarantor subsidiaries had approximately $21.5 million of outstanding liabilities, which would rank effectively senior to the notes offered hereby, with respect to the assets of such non-guarantor subsidiaries.

 

 

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Optional Redemption   

On or after November 15, 2016, we are entitled to redeem some or all of the notes, at the redemption prices specified in the section “Description of the Notes—Optional Redemption,” plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date.

 

We may also redeem some or all of the notes at any time prior to November 15, 2016, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus a “make-whole” premium set forth in this prospectus, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date.

 

At any time prior to November 15, 2015, we are also entitled to redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes (which include the existing notes) with an amount equal to the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings by William Lyon Homes at a redemption price equal to 108.500% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date.

Change of Control    If a change of control event occurs, each holder of exchange notes will have the right to require us to purchase all or a portion of its exchange notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount of the exchange notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of purchase. See “Description of the Notes—Change of Control.”
Certain covenants    The indenture governing the exchange notes contains covenants that, among other things, limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to:
  

•      incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue certain equity interests;

 

•      pay dividends or distributions, repurchase equity or make payments in respect of subordinated indebtedness;

 

•      make certain investments;

 

•      sell assets;

 

•      incur liens;

 

•      create certain restrictions on the ability of restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or to transfer assets;

 

•      enter into transactions with affiliates;

 

•      create unrestricted subsidiaries; and

 

•      consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets.

   These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications. See “Description of the Notes—Certain Covenants.”
Use of proceeds    We will not receive any proceeds from the issuance of exchange notes in the exchange offer.

 

 

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Risk Factors

You should carefully consider the information under “Risk Factors” and all other information included in this prospectus before deciding to exchange your outstanding notes for exchange notes.

SUMMARY FINANCIAL DATA

The following table sets forth certain of the Company’s historical financial data. The selected historical consolidated statement of operations data, other financial data and operating data for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 has been derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere herein. The selected historical consolidated statement of operations data, other financial data and operating data for the nine month period ended September 30, 2013 and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 and balance sheet data as of September 30, 2013 have been derived from our unaudited financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere herein.

The selected historical consolidated financial data set forth below are not necessarily indicative of the results of future operations. Upon emergence from In re William Lyon Homes, et. al , Case No. 11-14019, or the Chapter 11 Cases, on February 25, 2012, or the Emergence Date, we adopted fresh start accounting as prescribed under Accounting Standards Codification No. 852, Reorganizations , or ASC 852, which required us to value our assets and liabilities at their related fair values. In addition, we adjusted our accumulated deficit to zero at the Emergence Date. Items such as accumulated depreciation, amortization and accumulated deficit were reset to zero. We allocated the reorganization value to the individual assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values. Items such as accounts receivable, prepaid and other assets, accounts payable, certain accrued liabilities and cash, whose fair values approximated their book values, reflected values similar to those reported prior to the Emergence Date. Items such as real estate inventories, property, plant and equipment, certain notes receivable, certain accrued liabilities and notes payable were adjusted from amounts previously reported. Unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires, reference hereinafter to the “Successor” reflects the operations of the Company after the Emergence Date, and after giving effect to the application of ASC 852, from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2012 and any reference to the “Predecessor” refers to the operations of the Company prior to the Emergence Date. Because we adopted fresh start accounting at emergence from bankruptcy and because of the significance of liabilities subject to compromise that were relieved upon emergence from bankruptcy, the historical financial statements of the Predecessor and the financial statements of the Successor are not comparable. Refer to the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus for further details relating to fresh start accounting.

 

 

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You should read this summary in conjunction with the discussion under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and the historical consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere herein.

 

    Successor(1)     Predecessor(1)  
    Nine Months
Ended
September 30,

2013
(unaudited)
    Period From
February 25,
through
December 31,
2012
    Period from
February 25,
through

September 30,
2012
(unaudited)
    Period From
January 1,
through
February 24,
2012
   

 

Year Ended December 31,

 
($ in thousands except per share data)           2011     2010  

Statement of Operations Data

           

Revenues

           

Home sales

  $ 338,434      $ 244,610      $ 145,977      $ 16,687      $ 207,055      $ 266,865   

Lots, land and other sales

    3,248       104,325        100,125       —          —          17,204   

Construction services

    21,439        23,825        16,473        8,883        19,768        10,629   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total revenues

    363,121        372,760        262,575        25,570        226,823        294,698   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

    26,462        4,666        2,188        (2,684     (148,015     (117,843

Income (loss) before reorganization items and (provision) benefit from income taxes

    24,117        (4,325     (3,668     (4,961     (171,706     (135,867

Reorganization items, net(2)

    (464     (2,525     (1,894     233,458        (21,182     —     

Net income (loss)

    17,287        (6,861     (5,573     228,497        (192,898     (135,455

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

  $ 10,880      $ (11,602   $ (9,409   $ 228,383      $ (193,330   $ (136,786
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) per common share:

           

Basic

  $ 0.48      $ (0.11   $ (0.80   $ 228,383      $ (193,330   $ (136,786

Diluted

    0.46        (0.11     (0.80      

Weighted average common shares outstanding:

           

Basic

    22,569,810        12,489,435        11,716,413        1,000        1,000        1,000   

Diluted

    23,446,954        12,489,435        11,716,413         
 

Other Financial Data:

           

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin(3)

  $ 91,231      $ 64,135      $ 35,022      $ 3,449      $ 40,468      $ 57,876   

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage(3)

    27.0     26.2     24.0     20.7     19.6     21.7

Adjusted EBITDA(4)

  $ 46,500      $ 39,792      $ 15,592      $ (8,435   $ (21,357   $ 16,612   

Adjusted EBITDA margin percentage(5)

    12.8     10.7     5.9     (33.0 %)      (9.4 %)      4.5
 

Operating Data (including consolidated joint ventures) (unaudited):

           

Number of net new home orders

    1,030        956        727        175        669        650   

Number of homes closed

    969        883        560        67        614        760   

Average sales price of homes closed

  $ 349      $ 277      $ 261      $ 249      $ 337      $ 351   

Cancellation rate

    15     15     14     8     18     19

Average number of sales locations

    23        18        19        20        19        18   

Backlog at end of period, number of homes(6)

    467        406        414        246        139        84   

Backlog at end of period, aggregate sales value(6)

  $ 208,081      $ 115,449      $ 99,710      $ 63,434      $ 29,329      $ 30,077   

 

 

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(1) Successor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries on and after the Emergence Date, after giving effect to: (i) the cancellation of shares of our common stock issued prior to February 25, 2012; (ii) the issuance of shares of new common stock, and settlement of existing debt and other adjustments in accordance with the Prepackaged Joint Plan of Reorganization (the “Plan”); and (iii) the application of fresh start accounting. Predecessor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries up to the Emergence Date. In relation to the adoption of fresh start accounting in conjunction with the confirmation of the Plan, the results of operations for 2012 separately present the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 as the pre-emergence, predecessor entity and the periods from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 and from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 as the successor entity. As such, the application of fresh start accounting as described in Note 3 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” is reflected in the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and not the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012. Certain statistics including (i) net new home orders, (ii) average number of sales locations, (iii) backlog, (iv) number of homes closed, (v) homes sales revenue and (vi) average sales price of homes closed are not affected by the fresh start accounting.
(2) The Company recorded reorganization items of $(0.5) million, $(2.5) million, $(1.9) million, $233.5 million and $(21.2) million during the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011, respectively. See Note 4 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”
(3) Adjusted homebuilding gross margin is a financial measure that is not prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP. It is used by management in evaluating operating performance and in making strategic decisions regarding sales pricing, construction and development pace, product mix and other operating decisions. We believe this information is meaningful as it isolates the impact that interest has on homebuilding gross margin and allows investors to make better comparisons with our competitors. A reconciliation of adjusted homebuilding gross margin to homebuilding gross margin is provided as follows:

 

     Successor(1)     Predecessor(1)  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
    Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
    Period from
February 25,
through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
   

 

Year Ended December 31,

 
             2011     2010  
(dollars in thousands)    (unaudited)           (unaudited)                    

Home sales revenue

   $ 338,434      $ 244,610      $ 145,977      $ 16,687      $ 207,055      $ 266,865   

Cost of home sales

     (267,932     (203,203     (122,155     (14,598     (184,489     (225,751
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Homebuilding gross margin

     70,502        41,407        23,822        2,089        22,566        41,114   

Add: Interest in cost of sales

     20,729        22,728        11,200        1,360        18,082        16,762   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin

   $ 91,231      $ 64,135      $ 35,022      $ 3,449      $ 40,648      $ 57,876   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage

     27.0     26.2     24.0     20.7     19.6     21.7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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(4) Adjusted EBITDA is a financial measure that is not prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA means net (loss) income plus (i) provision for (benefit from) income taxes, (ii) interest expense, (iii) amortization of capitalized interest included in cost of sales, (iv) non-cash impairment charges, (v) gain (loss) on retirement of debt, (vi) loss on sale of fixed assets, (vii) depreciation and amortization, (viii) distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures less equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures, (ix) equity in (income) loss of unconsolidated joint ventures less equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures, (x) stock based compensation expense and (xi) reorganization items. Other companies may calculate adjusted EBITDA differently. Adjusted EBITDA is presented herein because management believes the presentation of adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to the Company’s investors regarding the Company’s financial condition and results of operations because adjusted EBITDA is a widely utilized indicator of a company’s earnings before debt service. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative for net (loss) income, cash flows from operating activities and other consolidated income or cash flow statement data prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP or as a measure of profitability or liquidity. A reconciliation of net (loss) income attributable to the Company to adjusted EBITDA is provided as follows:

 

     Successor(1)     Predecessor(1)  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
(unaudited)
    Period From
February 25,
through
December 31,
2012
    Period From
February 25
through
September  30,
2012
(unaudited)
    Period From
January 1,
through
February 24,
2012
   

 

Year Ended December 31,

 
             2011     2010  
 

Net income (loss) attributable to William Lyon Homes

   $ 12,408      $ (8,859   $ (7,611   $ 228,383      $ (193,330   $ (136,786

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

     6,366       11        11       —          10        (412
 

Interest expense

          
 

Interest incurred

     22,511        30,526        22,336        7,145        61,464        62,791   

Interest capitalized

     (19,909     (21,399     (15,009     (4,638     (36,935     (39,138

Amortization of capitalized interest included in cost of sales

     20,729        27,791        11,200        1,360        18,082        16,762   

Non-cash impairment charge

     —          —          —          —          128,314        111,860   

Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt

     —          1,392        (975 )     —          —          (5,572

Loss on sale of fixed assets

     4       —          —          —          83        122   

Depreciation and amortization

     2,184        6,631        5,640        586        3,875        3,718   

Distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures

     —          —          —          —          685        4,183   

Equity in (income) loss of unconsolidated joint ventures

     —          —          —          —          (3,605     (916

Stock-based compensation

     2,207        3,699        —          —          —          —     

Non-cash reorganization items

     —          —          —          (241,271     —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 46,500      $ 39,792      $ 15,592      $ (8,435   $ (21,357   $ 16,612   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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(5) Adjusted EBITDA margin percentage is calculated as Adjusted EBITDA, as defined in (4) above, divided by total revenues during the period.
(6) Backlog consists of homes sold under pending sales contracts that have not yet closed, some of which are subject to contingencies, including mortgage loan approval and the sale of existing homes by customers. There can be no assurance that homes sold under pending sales contracts will close. Of the total homes sold subject to pending sales contracts as of September 30, 2013, 424 represent homes completed or under construction and 43 represent homes not yet under construction.

The table below reflects our balance sheet data as of September 30, 2013 on an actual basis:

 

     As of
September 30,
2013
 
(in thousands)       

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data

  

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 81,922   

Real estate inventories—Owned

     640,162   

Real estate inventories—Not owned

     20,738   

Total assets

     798,953   

Total debt

     360,471   

Total liabilities

     461,000   

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

     —     

Total William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity

     309,968   

RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES AND PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS

For the nine months ended September 30, 2013, our earnings were in excess of fixed charges. The following table presents our historical ratio of earnings to fixed charges and amount of excess of fixed charges and preferred stock dividends to earnings, as applicable, for the periods indicated.

 

     Successor(1)     Predecessor(1)  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
     Period from
February 25,
through
December 31,
2012
    Period From
February 25,
through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1,
through
February 24,
2012
   

 

Year Ended December 31,

 
              2011     2010     2009     2008  

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(2)

     2.07x         1.02x        —          —          —          —          —          —     

Excess of fixed charges to earnings (loss)(2)

   $ —         $ —        $ (10,346   $ (16,050   $ (86,347   $ (52,871   $ (150,218   $ (82,117

Excess of combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends to earnings (loss)(2)

   $ —         $ (2,097   $ (12,144     N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A   

 

(1) Successor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries on and after the Emergence Date, after giving effect to: (i) the cancellation of shares of our common stock issued prior to February 25, 2012; (ii) the issuance of shares of new common stock, and settlement of existing debt and other adjustments in accordance with the Plan; and (iii) the application of fresh start accounting. Predecessor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries up to the Emergence Date. In relation to the adoption of fresh start accounting in conjunction with the confirmation of the Plan, the results of operations for 2012 separately present the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 as the pre-emergence, predecessor entity and the periods from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 and from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 as the successor entity. As such, the application of fresh start accounting is reflected in the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and not the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012. Certain statistics including (i) net new home orders, (ii) average number of sales locations, (iii) backlog, (iv) number of homes closed, (v) homes sales revenue and (vi) average sales price of homes closed are not affected by the fresh start accounting.
(2) The term “fixed charges” means the sum of (a) interest expensed and capitalized, (b) amortized premiums, discounts and capitalized expenses related to indebtedness, (c) portion of rent expense considered to be interest, and (d) preference security dividend requirements of consolidated subsidiaries. The term “preference security dividend” is the amount of pre-tax earnings that is required to pay dividends on outstanding preference securities. The term “earnings” means the sum of (a) pre-tax income from continuing operations and (b) fixed charges.

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

The exchange notes involve substantial risks similar to those associated with the outstanding notes. In addition to the other information in this prospectus, you should carefully consider the following risks before deciding to exchange your outstanding notes for exchange notes. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or operating results could be materially adversely affected, which, in turn, could adversely affect our ability to pay interest or principal on the exchange notes or otherwise fulfill our obligations under the indenture. In addition, please read “Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements” in this prospectus, where we describe additional uncertainties associated with our business and the forward-looking statements included in this prospectus.

Risks Related to Our Business

Adverse changes in general economic conditions or conditions in our industry could reduce the demand for homes and, as a result, could negatively impact our results of operations.

The homebuilding industry is cyclical and highly sensitive to changes in economic conditions such as the level of employment, consumer confidence, consumer income, availability of financing and interest rate levels. The national recession, credit market disruption, high unemployment levels, the absence of home price stability, and the decreased availability of mortgage financing, among other factors, have adversely impacted the homebuilding industry and our operations and financial condition over the last several years. Although the housing market appears to be recovering in most of the geographies in which we operate, we cannot predict the pace or scope of the recovery. If market conditions deteriorate or do not improve as anticipated, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely impacted.

These changes may occur on a national scale or may acutely affect some of the regions or markets in which we operate more than others. An oversupply of alternatives to new homes, including foreclosed homes, homes held for sale by investors and speculators, other existing homes and rental properties, can also adversely impact our ability to sell new homes, depress new home prices and reduce our margins on the sales of new homes. High levels of foreclosures not only contribute to additional inventory available for sale, but also reduce appraised values for new homes, potentially resulting in lower sales prices.

We cannot predict the duration or ultimate magnitude of any economic downturn or reversal in the recovery of the homebuilding industry or the extent or sustainability of a recovery, particularly the sustainability of current improvements in the homebuilding market. Nor can we provide assurance that our response to a homebuilding downturn or the government’s attempts to address the troubles in the overall economy would be successful.

Our long-term growth depends upon our ability to acquire land at reasonable prices.

Our business depends on its ability to obtain land for the development of its residential communities at reasonable prices and with terms that meet its underwriting criteria. Our ability to obtain land for new residential communities may be adversely affected by changes in the general availability of land, the willingness of land sellers to sell land at reasonable prices given the deterioration in market conditions, competition for available land, availability of financing to acquire land, zoning, regulations that limit housing density, and other market conditions. If the supply of land appropriate for development of residential communities is limited because of these factors, or for any other reason, the number of homes we build and sell may decline. Additionally, our ability to open new projects could be impacted if we elect not to purchase lots under option contracts. To the extent that we are unable to purchase land timely or enter into new contracts for the purchase of land at reasonable prices, due to the lag time between the time we acquire land and the time we begin selling homes, our home sales revenue and results of operations could be negatively impacted and/or we could be required to scale back our operations in a given market.

Limitations on the availability and increases in the cost of mortgage financing can adversely affect demand for housing.

In general, housing demand is negatively impacted by the unavailability of mortgage financing, as a result of declining customer credit quality, tightening of mortgage loan underwriting standards and factors that increase the upfront or monthly cost of financing a home such as increases in interest rates, insurance premiums or limitations on mortgage interest deductibility. Most buyers finance their home purchases through third-party lenders providing mortgage financing. Over the last several years, many third-party lenders have significantly increased underwriting standards, and many subprime and other alternate mortgage products are no longer available in the marketplace in spite of a decrease in mortgage rates. If these trends continue and mortgage loans continue to be difficult to obtain, the ability and willingness of prospective buyers to finance home purchases or to sell their existing homes would be adversely affected, which would adversely affect our results of operations through reduced home sales revenue, gross margin and cash flow.

 

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Table of Contents

Even if potential customers do not need financing, changes in the availability of mortgage products or increases in mortgage costs may make it harder for them to sell their current homes to potential buyers who need financing, which has in some cases led to lower demand for new homes. Mortgage interest rates have recently been at historic lows, and there can be no assurance that such rates will remain low and increases in interest rates could adversely affect our results of operations through reduced home sales and cash flow.

Difficulty in obtaining sufficient capital could result in increased costs and delays in completion of projects.

The homebuilding industry is capital-intensive and requires significant up-front expenditures to acquire land and begin development. We expect that we will seek additional capital from time to time from a variety of potential sources, including additional bank financings and/or securities offerings. The availability of borrowed funds, especially for land acquisition and construction financing, may be greatly reduced nationally, and the lending community may require increased amounts of equity to be invested in a project by borrowers in connection with both new loans and the extension of existing loans. Land acquisition, development and construction activities may be adversely affected by any shortage or increased cost of financing or the unwillingness of third parties to engage in joint ventures. Any difficulty in obtaining sufficient capital for planned development expenditures could cause project delays and any such delay could result in cost increases and may adversely affect our sales and future results of operations and cash flows.

Our business is geographically concentrated, and therefore, our sales, results of operations, financial condition and business would be negatively impacted by a decline in the general economy or the homebuilding industry in such regions.

We presently conduct all of our business in five geographic regions: Southern California, Northern California, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado. Our geographic concentration could adversely impact us if the homebuilding business in its current markets should decline, since there may not be a balancing opportunity in a stronger market in other geographic regions.

In addition, a prolonged economic downturn in one or more of these areas, particularly within California, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations, and a disproportionately greater impact on us than other homebuilders with more diversified operations. We generate a significant portion of its revenue and a significant amount of our profits from, and holds approximately one-half of the dollar value of our real estate inventory in, California. During the downturn from 2008 to 2010, land values, the demand for new homes and home prices have declined substantially in California, negatively impacting our profitability and financial position. In addition, the state of California is experiencing severe budget shortfalls and may raise taxes and increase fees to offset the deficit. There can be no assurance that our profitability and financial position will not be further impacted if the challenging conditions in California continue or worsen.

Increases in our cancellation rate could have a negative impact on our home sales revenue and home building gross margins.

During the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, we experienced cancellation rates of 14%, 18% and 19%, respectively. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, we experienced a cancellation rate of 14% and 15%, respectively, compared to 18% and 14% during the same periods in 2012, respectively. Cancellations negatively impact the number of closed homes, net new home orders, home sales revenue and our results of operations, as well as the number of homes in backlog. Home order cancellations can result from a number of factors, including declines or slow appreciation in the market value of homes, increases in the supply of homes available to be purchased, increased competition, higher mortgage interest rates, homebuyers’ inability to sell their existing homes, homebuyers’ inability to obtain suitable financing, including providing sufficient down payments, and adverse changes in economic conditions. Many of these factors are beyond our control. Increased levels of home order cancellations would have a negative impact on our home sales revenue and financial and operating results.

Financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by any decrease in the value of land inventory, as well as by the associated carrying costs.

We continuously acquire land for replacement and expansion of land inventory within the markets in which we build. The risks inherent in purchasing and developing land increase as consumer demand for housing decreases, and thus, we may have bought and developed land on which homes cannot be profitably built and sold. We employ measures to manage inventory risks which may not be successful.

 

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We incur many costs even before we begin to build homes in a community, including costs of preparing land and installing roads, sewage and other utilities, as well as taxes and other costs related to ownership of the land on which we plan to build homes. In addition, inventory carrying costs can be significant and can result in losses in a poorly performing project or market, and we may have to sell homes at significantly lower margins or at a loss, which conditions may persist for extended periods of time. If the rate at which we sell and deliver homes slows or falls, or if we delay the opening of new home communities for sales due to adjustments in our marketing strategy or other reasons, each of which has occurred throughout the housing downturn, we may incur additional costs and it will take a longer period of time for us to recover our costs, including the costs we incurred in acquiring and developing land.

Adverse weather and geological conditions may increase costs, cause project delays and reduce consumer demand for housing, all of which could materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

As a homebuilder, we are subject to numerous risks, many of which are beyond management’s control, such as droughts, floods, wildfires, landslides, soil subsidence, earthquakes and other weather-related and geologic events which could damage projects, cause delays in completion of projects, or reduce consumer demand for housing, and shortages in labor or materials, which could delay project completion and cause increases in the prices for labor or materials, thereby affecting our sales and profitability. Many of our projects are located in California, which has experienced significant earthquake activity and seasonal wildfires. Areas in Colorado have also been subjected to seasonal wildfires and soil subsidence. In addition to directly damaging our projects, earthquakes or other geologic events could damage roads and highways providing access to those projects, thereby adversely affecting our ability to market homes in those areas and possibly increasing the costs of completion.

There are some risks of loss for which we may be unable to purchase insurance coverage. For example, losses associated with landslides, earthquakes and other geologic events may not be insurable and other losses, such as those arising from terrorism, may not be economically insurable. A sizeable uninsured loss could adversely affect the Company’s business, prospects, liquidity, results of operations or financial condition.

Our business and results of operations are dependent on the availability and skill of subcontractors.

Substantially all construction work is done by subcontractors with us acting as the general contractor. Accordingly, the timing and quality of construction depend on the availability and skill of our unaffiliated, third party subcontractors. While we have been able to obtain sufficient materials and subcontractors during times of material shortages and believes that its relationships with suppliers and subcontractors are good, we do not have long-term contractual commitments with any subcontractors or suppliers.

We may not be able to compete effectively against competitors in the homebuilding industry.

The homebuilding industry is highly competitive and there are relatively low barriers to entry. Homebuilders compete for, among other things, homebuying customers, desirable properties, financing, raw materials and skilled labor. We compete both with large homebuilding companies, some of which have greater financial, marketing and sales resources than we do, and with smaller local builders. Our competitors may independently develop land and construct housing units that are substantially similar to our products. Many of these competitors also have long-standing relationships with subcontractors and suppliers in the markets in which we operate. We currently build in several of the top markets in the nation and, therefore, we expect to continue to face additional competition from new entrants into our markets. We also compete for sales with individual resales of existing homes and with available rental housing. These competitive conditions can result in:

 

   

our delivering fewer homes;

 

   

our selling homes at lower prices;

 

   

our offering or increasing sales incentives, discounts or price concessions for our homes;

 

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our experiencing lower housing gross profit margins, particularly if we cannot raise our selling prices to cover increased land development, home construction or overhead costs;

 

   

our selling fewer homes or experiencing a higher number of cancellations by homebuyers;

 

   

impairments in the value of our inventory and other assets;

 

   

difficulty in acquiring desirable land that meets our investment return or marketing standards, and in selling our interests in land that no longer meet such standards on favorable terms;

 

   

difficulty in our acquiring raw materials and skilled management and trade labor at acceptable prices;

 

   

delays in the development of land and/or the construction of our homes; and/or

 

   

difficulty in securing external financing, performance bonds or letter of credit facilities on favorable terms.

These competitive conditions may have a material adverse effect on our business and consolidated financial statements by decreasing our revenues, impairing our ability to successfully implement our current strategies, increasing our costs and/or diminishing growth in our local or regional homebuilding businesses.

We may not be successful in integrating acquisitions or implementing our growth strategies.

In December 2012, we acquired Village Homes, and we may in the future consider growth or expansion of our operations in our current markets or in new markets, whether through strategic acquisitions of homebuilding companies or otherwise. The magnitude, timing and nature of any future expansion will depend on a number of factors, including our ability to identify suitable additional markets and/or acquisition candidates, the negotiation of acceptable terms, our financial capabilities and general economic and business conditions. Our expansion into new or existing markets, whether through acquisition or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operations, and any future acquisitions could result in the dilution of existing shareholders if we issue our common shares as consideration. Acquisitions also involve numerous risks, including difficulties in the assimilation of the acquired company’s operations, the incurrence of unanticipated liabilities or expenses, the risk of impairing inventory and other assets related to the acquisition, the diversion of management’s attention and resources from other business concerns, risks associated with entering markets in which we have limited or no direct experience and the potential loss of key employees of the acquired company.

Our success depends on key executive officers and personnel.

Our success is dependent upon the efforts and abilities of our executive officers and other key employees, many of whom have significant experience in the homebuilding industry and in our divisional markets. In particular, we are dependent upon the services of General William Lyon, Chairman of the Board and Executive Chairman, William H. Lyon, Chief Executive Officer, and Matthew R. Zaist, President and Chief Operating Officer, as well as the services of the California region and other division presidents and division management teams and personnel in the corporate office. The loss of the services or limitation in the availability of any of these executives or key personnel, for any reason, could hinder the execution of our business strategy and have a material adverse effect upon our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operation. Further, such a loss could be negatively perceived in capital markets.

Power and natural resource shortages or price increases could have an adverse impact on operations.

In prior years, certain areas in Northern and Southern California have experienced power and natural resource shortages, including mandatory periods without electrical power, changes to water availability and significant increases in utility and resource costs. Shortages of natural resources, particularly water, may make it more difficult to obtain regulatory approval of new developments. We may incur additional costs and may not be able to complete construction on a timely basis if such power shortages and utility rate increases continue. Furthermore, power shortages and rate increases may adversely affect the regional economies in which we operate, which may reduce demand for housing. Our operations may be adversely impacted if further rate increases and/or power shortages occur.

 

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Construction defect, home warranty, soil subsidence and building-related and other claims may be asserted against us in the ordinary course of business, and we may be subject to liability for such claims.

As a homebuilder, we have been, and continue to be, subject to construction defect, product liability and home warranty claims, including moisture intrusion and related claims, arising in the ordinary course of business. These claims are common to the homebuilding industry and can be costly.

California law provides that consumers can seek redress for patent (i.e., observable) defects in new homes within three or four years (depending on the type of claim asserted) from when the defect is discovered or should have been discovered. If the defect is latent (i.e., non-observable), consumers must still seek redress within three or four years (depending on the type of claim asserted) from the date when the defect is discovered or should have been discovered, but in no event later than ten years after the date of substantial completion of the work on the construction. Consumers purchasing homes in Arizona, Nevada and Colorado may also be able to obtain redress under state laws for either patent or latent defects in their new homes. Because California, our largest market, is one of the most highly regulated and litigious jurisdictions in the United States, our potential losses and expenses due to litigation, new laws and regulations may be greater than those of our competitors who have smaller or no California operations.

With respect to certain general liability exposures, including construction defect claims, product liability claims and related claims, assessment of claims and the related liability and reserve estimation process is highly judgmental due to the complex nature of these exposures, with each exposure exhibiting unique circumstances. Furthermore, once claims are asserted for construction defects, it can be difficult to determine the extent to which the assertion of these claims will expand. Although we have obtained insurance for construction defect claims subject to applicable self-insurance retentions, such policies may not be available or adequate to cover liability for damages, the cost of repairs, and/or the expense of litigation surrounding current claims, and future claims may arise out of events or circumstances not covered by insurance and not subject to effective indemnification agreements with our subcontractors. Furthermore, any product liability or warranty claims made against us, whether or not they are viable, may lead to negative publicity, which could impact our reputation and our home sales.

Increased insurance costs and reduced insurance coverages may affect our results of operations and increase the potential exposure to liability.

Recently, lawsuits have been filed against builders asserting claims of personal injury and property damage, including arising from the presence of mold in residential dwellings. Some of these lawsuits have resulted in substantial monetary judgments or settlements against these builders. Our insurance may not cover all of the potential claims, including personal injury claims, or such coverage may become prohibitively expensive. If we are unable to obtain adequate insurance coverage, a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, liquidity, results of operations or financial condition could result.

The costs of insuring against construction defect, product liability and director and officer claims are substantial and the cost of insurance for our operations has risen, deductibles and retentions have increased and the availability of insurance has diminished. Significant increases in the cost of insurance coverage or significant limitations on coverage could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, liquidity, results of operations or financial condition from such increased costs or from liability for significant uninsurable or underinsured claims.

Material and labor shortages could delay or increase the cost of home construction and reduce our sales and earnings.

The residential construction industry experiences serious material shortages from time to time, including shortages of insulation, drywall, cement, steel and lumber. These material shortages can be more severe during periods of strong demand for housing and during periods where the regions in which we operate experience natural disasters that have a significant impact on existing residential and commercial structures. From time to time, we have experienced volatile price swings in the cost of materials, including in particular, the cost of lumber, cement, steel and drywall. Shortages and price increases could cause delays in and increase our costs of home construction. We generally are unable to pass on increases in construction costs to customers who have already entered into sales contracts, as those sales contracts generally fix the price of the homes at the time the contracts are signed, which may be in advance of the construction of the home. Sustained increases in construction costs may, over time, erode our gross margins from home sales, particularly if pricing competition restricts the ability to pass on any additional costs of materials or labor, thereby decreasing gross margins from home sales, which in turn could harm our operating results.

 

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The residential construction industry also experiences labor shortages and disruptions from time to time, including: work stoppages; labor disputes; shortages in qualified trades people; lack of availability of adequate utility infrastructure and services; our need to rely on local subcontractors who may not be adequately capitalized or insured; and delays in availability, or fluctuations in prices, of building materials. Additionally, we could experience labor shortages as a result of subcontractors going out of business or leaving the residential construction market due to low levels of housing production and volumes. Any of these circumstances could give rise to delays in the start or completion of our communities, increase the cost of developing one or more of our communities and increase the construction cost of our homes. To the extent that market conditions prevent the recovery of increased costs, including, among other things, subcontracted labor, finished lots, building materials, and other resources, through higher sales prices, our gross margins from home sales and results of operations could be adversely affected. Increased costs of lumber, framing, concrete, steel and other building materials could cause increases in construction costs. We generally are unable to pass on increases in construction costs to customers who have already entered into sales contracts, as those sales contracts generally fix the price of the homes at the time the contracts are signed, which may be in advance of the construction of the home. Sustained increases in construction costs may, over time, erode our gross margins from home sales, particularly if pricing competition restricts the ability to pass on any additional costs of materials or labor, thereby decreasing gross margins from home sales.

Elimination or reduction of the tax benefits associated with owning a home could prevent potential customers from buying our homes and could adversely affect our business or financial results.

Changes in federal tax law may affect demand for new homes. Significant expenses of owning a home, including mortgage interest and real estate taxes, generally are deductible expenses for an individual’s federal and, in some cases, state income taxes, subject to certain limitations. If the federal government or a state government changes its income tax laws to eliminate or substantially modify these income tax deductions, the after-tax cost of owning a new home would increase for many potential customers. The resulting loss or reduction of homeowners’ tax deductions, if such tax law changes were enacted without offsetting provisions, could adversely affect demand for new homes. No meaningful prediction can be made as to whether any such proposals will be enacted and, if enacted, the particular form such laws would take, but enactment of such proposals may have an adverse effect on the homebuilding industry in general and on our business in particular.

Inflation could adversely affect our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operations, particularly in a period of oversupply of homes or declining home sale prices.

Inflation can adversely affect us by increasing costs of land, materials and labor. However, we may be unable to offset these increases with higher sales prices. In addition, inflation is often accompanied by higher interest rates, which have a negative impact on housing demand. In such an environment, we may be unable to raise home prices sufficiently to keep up with the rate of cost inflation, and, accordingly, its margins could decrease. Furthermore, if we need to lower the price of our homes to meet demand, the value of our land inventory may decrease. Moreover, with inflation, the costs of capital can increase and purchasing power of our cash resources can decline. Efforts by the government to stimulate the economy may not be successful, but have increased the risk of significant inflation and its resulting adverse effect on our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

Our business is seasonal in nature and quarterly operating results can fluctuate.

Our quarterly operating results generally fluctuate by season. We typically achieve our highest new home sales orders in the spring and summer, although new homes sales order activity is also highly dependent on the number of active selling communities and the timing of new community openings. Because it typically takes us three to six months to construct a new home, we deliver a greater number of homes in the second half of the calendar year as sales orders convert to home deliveries. As a result, our revenues from homebuilding operations are higher in the second half of the year, particularly in the fourth quarter, and we generally experience higher capital demands in the first half of the year when it incurs construction costs. If, due to construction delays or other causes, we cannot close its expected number of homes in the second half of the year, our financial condition and full year results of operations may be adversely affected.

We may be unable to obtain suitable bonding for the development of our communities.

We provide bonds in the ordinary course of business to governmental authorities and others to ensure the completion of our projects and/or in support of obligations to build community improvements such as roads, sewers, water systems and other utilities, and to support similar development activities by certain of our unconsolidated joint ventures. As a result of the deterioration in market conditions, surety providers have become increasingly reluctant to issue new bonds and some providers are requesting credit enhancements (such as cash deposits or letters of credit) in order to maintain existing bonds or to issue new bonds. We may also be required to provide performance bonds and/or letters of credit to secure our

 

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performance under various escrow agreements, financial guarantees and other arrangements. If we are unable to obtain performance bonds and/or letters of credit when required or the cost or operational restrictions or conditions imposed by issuers to obtain them increases significantly, we may not be able to develop or may be significantly delayed in developing a community or communities and/or may incur significant additional expenses, and, as a result, our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operation could be materially and adversely affected.

We periodically conduct certain of our operations through unconsolidated joint ventures with independent third parties in which we do not have a controlling interest and we can be adversely impacted by joint venture partners’ failure to fulfill their obligations.

We have participated in land development joint ventures, or JVs, in which we have less than a controlling interest. We have entered into JVs in order to acquire attractive land positions, to manage our risk profile and to leverage our capital base. Our JVs are typically entered into with developers, other homebuilders and financial partners to develop finished lots for sale to the JV’s members and other third parties. However, our JV investments are generally very illiquid, due to a lack of a controlling interest in the JVs. In addition, our lack of a controlling interest results in the risk that the JV will take actions with which we disagree, or fail to take actions that we desire, including actions regarding the sale of the underlying property, which could materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operation.

We are the managing member in joint venture limited liability companies and may become a managing member or general partner in future joint ventures, and therefore may be liable for joint venture obligations.

Certain of our active JVs are organized as limited liability companies. We are the managing member in some of these and may serve as the managing member or general partner, in the case of a limited partnership JV, in future JVs. As a managing member or general partner, we may be liable for a JV’s liabilities and obligations should the JV fail or be unable to pay these liabilities or obligations. These risks include, among others, that a partner in the JV may fail to fund its share of required capital contributions, that a partner may make poor business decisions or delay necessary actions, or that a partner may have economic or other business interests or goals that are inconsistent with our own.

Fluctuations in real estate values may require us to write–down the book value of our real estate assets.

The homebuilding industry is subject to significant variability and fluctuations in real estate values. As a result, we may be required to write–down the book value of certain real estate assets in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP, and some of those write downs could be material. Any material write–downs of assets could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

On February 24, 2012, we adopted fresh start accounting under ASC 852, and recorded all real estate inventories at fair value. Subsequent to February 24, 2012 and throughout each quarter of 2012 and the first three quarters of 2013, there were no indicators of impairment, as sales prices and sales absorption rates have improved. For the year ended December 31, 2012 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, there were no impairment charges recorded.

During 2011, we incurred non-cash impairment losses on real estate assets amounting to $128.3 million. As required by U.S. GAAP, in connection with our emergence from the Chapter 11 Cases, we adopted the fresh start accounting provisions of ASC 852, effective February 24, 2012. Under ASC 852, the reorganization value represents the fair value of the entity before considering liabilities and approximates the amount a willing buyer would pay for our assets immediately after restructuring. The reorganization value is allocated to the respective fair value of assets. We engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist with the analysis of the fair value of the entity, and respective assets and liabilities. In conjunction with the valuation of all of our assets, we re-set value on certain land holdings in the early stages of development, based on: (i) “as-is” development stages of the property instead of a discounted cash flow approach, (ii) relative comparables on similar stage properties that had recently sold, on a per acre basis, and (iii) location of the property, among other factors. As a result, we re-valued these particular assets as of February 24, 2012, and since the date of emergence from the Chapter 11 Cases is within six weeks of year end, management made the assumption that the values are approximately the same, and recorded the book value as fair value as of December 31, 2011. Therefore, the adjustment to fair value was made on December 31, 2011, with no subsequent adjustment necessary at February 24, 2012, on these particular assets. The difference between the new value applied to the property on December 31, 2011 and the carrying value as of December 31, 2011, was recorded as impairment loss on real estate assets. In addition, we incurred non-cash impairment losses on real estate assets of $111.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

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We assess our projects on a quarterly basis, when indicators of impairment exist. Indicators of impairment include a decrease in demand for housing due to soft market conditions, competitive pricing pressures which reduce the average sales price of homes, which includes sales incentives for home buyers, sales absorption rates below management expectations, a decrease in the value of the underlying land and a decrease in projected cash flows for a particular project. We were required to write down the book value of its impaired real estate assets in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 360, Property, Plant and Equipment, or ASC 360.

Governmental laws and regulations may increase our expenses, limit the number of homes that we can build or delay completion of projects.

We are subject to numerous local, state, federal and other statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations concerning zoning, development, building design, construction and similar matters which impose restrictive zoning and density requirements in order to limit the number of homes that can eventually be built within the boundaries of a particular area, as well as governmental taxes, fees and levies on the acquisition and development of land parcels. These regulations often provide broad discretion to the administering governmental authorities as to the conditions we must meet prior to being approved, if approved at all. We are subject to determinations by these authorities as to the adequacy of water and sewage facilities, roads and other local services. New housing developments may also be subject to various assessments for schools, parks, streets and other public improvements. Although we do not typically purchase land that is not entitled, to the extent that projects that are not entitled, purchased lands may be subjected to periodic delays, changes in use, less intensive development or elimination of development in certain specific areas due to government regulations. We may also be subject to periodic delays, may be precluded entirely from developing in certain communities or may otherwise be restricted in our business activities due to building moratoriums or “slow-growth” or “no-growth” initiatives that could be implemented in the future in the states in which we operate. Such moratoriums can occur prior or subsequent to commencement of our operations, without notice or recourse. Local and state governments also have broad discretion regarding the imposition of development fees for projects in their jurisdiction. Projects for which we have received land use and development entitlements or approvals may still require a variety of other governmental approvals and permits during the development process and can also be impacted adversely by unforeseen health, safety, and welfare issues, which can further delay these projects or prevent their development. As a result, home sales could decline and costs increase, which could negatively affect our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to environmental laws and regulations, which may increase costs, limit the areas in which we can build homes and delay completion of projects.

We are also subject to a variety of local, state, federal and other statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations concerning the environment. The particular environmental laws which apply to any given homebuilding site vary according to the site’s location, its environmental conditions and the present and former uses of the site, as well as adjoining properties. Environmental laws and conditions may result in delays, may cause us to incur substantial compliance and other costs, including significant fines and penalties for any violation, and can prohibit or severely restrict homebuilding activity in environmentally sensitive regions or areas, which could negatively affect our results of operations.

Under various environmental laws, current or former owners of real estate, as well as certain other categories of parties, may be required to investigate and clean up hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product releases, and may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties for property damage and for investigation and clean-up costs incurred by such parties in connection with the contamination. In addition, in those cases where an endangered species is involved, environmental rules and regulations can result in the elimination of development in identified environmentally sensitive areas.

 

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Risks Related to Our Capital Structure

We have substantial outstanding indebtedness and may incur additional debt in the future.

We are highly leveraged. At September 30, 2013, the total outstanding principal amount of our debt was $360.5 million. We also entered into a new $100 million credit facility in August 2013, and issued an additional $100.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 8.5% senior notes due 2020 pursuant to the indenture in October 2013. Our high level of indebtedness could have detrimental consequences, including the following:

 

   

the ability to obtain additional financing as needed for working capital, land acquisition costs, building costs, other capital expenditures, or general corporate purposes, or to refinance existing indebtedness before its scheduled maturity, may be limited;

 

   

we will need to use a substantial portion of cash flow from operations to pay interest and principal on our indebtedness, which will reduce the funds available for other purposes;

 

   

if we are unable to comply with the terms of the agreements governing our indebtedness, the holders of that indebtedness could accelerate that indebtedness and exercise other rights and remedies against us;

 

   

if we have a higher level of indebtedness than some of our competitors, it may put us at a competitive disadvantage and reduce our flexibility in planning for, or responding to, changing conditions in the industry, including increased competition; and

 

   

the terms of any refinancing may not be as favorable as the debt being refinanced.

We cannot be certain that cash flow from operations will be sufficient to allow us to pay principal and interest on debt, support operations and meet other obligations. If we do not have the resources to meet these and other obligations, we may be required to refinance all or part of our outstanding debt, sell assets or borrow more money. We may not be able to do so on acceptable terms, in a timely manner, or at all. If we are unable to refinance our debt on acceptable terms, we may be forced to dispose of our assets on disadvantageous terms, potentially resulting in losses. Defaults under our debt agreements could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

The agreements governing our debt impose significant operating and financial restrictions, which may prevent us from capitalizing on business opportunities and taking some corporate actions.

The agreements governing our debt impose significant operating and financial restrictions. These restrictions limit our ability, among other things, to:

 

   

incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue certain equity interests;

 

   

pay dividends or distributions, repurchase equity or prepay subordinated debt;

 

   

make certain investments;

 

   

sell assets;

 

   

incur liens;

 

   

create certain restrictions on the ability of restricted subsidiaries to transfer assets;

 

   

enter into transactions with affiliates;

 

   

create unrestricted subsidiaries; and

 

   

consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets.

In addition, we may in the future enter into other agreements refinancing or otherwise governing indebtedness which impose yet additional restrictions and covenants, including covenants limiting our ability to incur additional debt, make certain investments, reduce liquidity below certain levels, make distributions to our stockholders and otherwise affect our operating policies. These restrictions may adversely affect our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or to pursue available business opportunities. A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default in respect of the related indebtedness. If a default occurs, the relevant lenders could elect to declare the indebtedness, together with accrued interest and other fees, to be immediately due and payable and proceed against any collateral securing that indebtedness.

 

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A breach of the covenants under the indenture or any of the agreements governing our indebtedness could result in an event of default under the indenture or other such agreements.

A default under the indenture, $100 million credit facility or other agreements governing our indebtedness may allow our creditors to accelerate the related debt and may result in the acceleration of any other debt to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default provision applies. In addition, an event of default under the credit agreement governing the $100 million credit facility would permit the lenders thereunder to terminate all commitments to extend further credit under the facility. Furthermore, if we were unable to repay the amounts due and payable under our credit facility or other future secured credit facilities, those lenders could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure that indebtedness. In the event our lenders or the holders of our notes accelerate the repayment of our borrowings, we cannot assure that we and our subsidiaries would have sufficient assets to repay such indebtedness. As a result of these restrictions, we may be:

 

   

limited in how we conduct our business;

 

   

unable to raise additional debt or equity financing to operate during general economic or business downturns; or

 

   

unable to compete effectively or to take advantage of new business opportunities.

These restrictions may affect our ability to grow in accordance with our plans.

Potential future downgrades of our credit ratings could adversely affect our access to capital and could otherwise have a material adverse effect on us.

Over the past few years, rating agencies have downgraded our corporate credit rating due to the deterioration in our homebuilding operations, credit metrics and other earnings-based metrics, as well as our high leverage and a significant decrease in our tangible net worth. These ratings and our current credit condition affect, among other things, our ability to access new capital, especially debt, and negative changes in these ratings may result in more stringent covenants and higher interest rates under the terms of any new debt. Our credit ratings could be further downgraded or rating agencies could issue adverse commentaries in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and liquidity. In particular, a weakening of our financial condition, including a significant increase in our leverage or decrease in our profitability or cash flows, could adversely affect our ability to obtain necessary funds, result in a credit rating downgrade or change in outlook, or otherwise increase our cost of borrowing.

We may not have access to other capital resources to fund our liquidity needs.

There is no assurance that cash generated from our operations, proceeds raised in our initial public offering, or borrowings incurred under our credit agreements will be sufficient to finance our capital projects or otherwise fund our liquidity needs. If our future cash flows from operations and other capital resources are insufficient to finance our capital projects or otherwise fund our liquidity needs, we may be forced to:

 

   

reduce or delay our business activities and capital expenditures;

 

   

sell assets;

 

   

obtain additional debt or equity capital; or

 

   

restructure or refinance all or a portion of our debt, including the notes, on or before maturity.

These alternative measures may not be successful and we may not be able to accomplish any of these alternatives on a timely basis or on satisfactory terms, if at all. In addition, the terms of our debt, including the notes and our credit agreements, will limit our ability to pursue these alternatives.

Risks Relating to the Exchange Offer

Your outstanding notes will not be accepted for exchange if you fail to follow the exchange offer procedures and, as a result, your outstanding notes will continue to be subject to existing transfer restrictions and you may not be able to sell them freely.

We will not accept your outstanding notes for exchange if you do not follow the proper exchange offer procedures. We will issue exchange notes as part of the exchange offer only after a timely receipt of your outstanding notes, a properly completed and duly executed letter of transmittal and all other required documents. Therefore, if you want to tender your outstanding notes, please allow sufficient time to ensure timely delivery. If we do not receive your outstanding notes, letter of transmittal and other required documents (or permitted equivalents thereof) by the expiration date of the exchange offer, we

 

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will not accept your outstanding notes for exchange. We are under no duty to give notification of defects or irregularities with respect to the tenders of outstanding notes for exchange. If there are defects or irregularities with respect to your tender of outstanding notes, we may not accept your outstanding notes for exchange. For more information, see “The Exchange Offer—Procedures for Tendering Outstanding Notes.”

If you do not exchange your outstanding notes in the exchange offer, the transfer restrictions currently applicable to your outstanding notes will remain in force and the market price of your outstanding notes could decline.

If you do not exchange your outstanding notes for exchange notes in the exchange offer, then you will continue to be subject to the transfer restrictions on the outstanding notes as set forth in the confidential offering memorandum distributed in connection with the private offerings of the outstanding notes. In general, the outstanding notes may not be offered or sold unless in transactions that are registered, or exempt from registration, under, or not subject to, the Securities Act (including pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act, as and when available) and applicable state securities laws. Except as required by the registration rights agreement, we do not intend to register resales of the outstanding notes under the Securities Act. You should refer to “Prospectus Summary—The Exchange Offer” and “The Exchange Offer” for information on how to tender your outstanding notes.

The tender of outstanding notes under the exchange offer will reduce the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes, which may have an adverse effect upon, and increase the volatility of, the market prices of the outstanding notes due to reduction in liquidity. In addition, if you do not exchange your outstanding notes in the exchange offer, you will no longer be entitled to exchange your outstanding notes for exchange notes registered under the Securities Act and you will no longer be entitled to have your outstanding notes registered for resale under the Securities Act.

Risks Related to the Exchange Notes

The exchange notes are not secured by our assets, or the assets of the guarantors, and our secured creditor will be entitled to remedies available to a secured creditor, which give them priority over you to collect amounts due to them.

The exchange notes and the related guarantees will not be secured by any of our assets or any of the assets of the guarantors. In August 2013, we entered into a new $100 million credit facility, and our obligations under the credit facility are secured by a pledge of all equity interests held by the guarantors thereof. In addition, we have entered into various project-level financing arrangements for certain construction projects and land acquisitions, and our obligations thereunder are secured by the underlying projects or land, as applicable.

Because the exchange notes and the related guarantees will be unsecured obligations, your right of repayment may be compromised if any of the following situations occur:

 

   

we enter into a bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization or any other winding-up proceeding;

 

   

there is a default in payment under our secured indebtedness; or

 

   

there is an acceleration of any indebtedness under our secured indebtedness.

If any of these events occurs, the secured lenders could sell those of our and our guarantors’ assets in which they have been granted a security interest, to your exclusion, even if an event of default exists under the indenture at such time. Only when our obligations under our secured debt are satisfied in full will the proceeds of the collateral securing such indebtedness be available, subject to other permitted liens, to satisfy obligations under the exchange notes and guarantees. As a result, upon the occurrence of any of these events, there may not be sufficient funds to pay amounts due on the exchange notes and the note guarantees.

 

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Fraudulent transfer and other laws may permit a court to void the issuance of the exchange notes and the note guarantees, and if that occurs, you may not receive any payments on the note guarantees.

The issuance of the exchange notes and the note guarantees may be subject to review under federal and state fraudulent transfer and conveyance statutes if a bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization case or a lawsuit, including under circumstances in which bankruptcy is not involved, were commenced at some future date by us, by the guarantors or on behalf of our unpaid creditors or the unpaid creditors of a guarantor. While the relevant laws may vary from state to state, the incurrence of the obligations in respect of the exchange notes and the note guarantees, and the granting of the security interests in respect thereof, will generally be a fraudulent conveyance if (1) the consideration was paid with the intent of hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors or (2) we or any of our guarantors, as applicable, received less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration in return for issuing either the exchange notes or a note guarantee, and, in the case of (3) only, one of the following is also true:

 

   

we or any of the guarantors were or was insolvent or rendered insolvent by reason of issuing the exchange notes or the note guarantees;

 

   

payment of the consideration left us or any of the guarantors with an unreasonably small amount of capital to carry on the business; or

 

   

we or any of our guarantors intended to, or believed that we or it would, incur debts beyond our or its ability to pay as they mature. If a court were to find that the issuance of the exchange notes or a note guarantee was a fraudulent conveyance, the court could void the payment obligations under the exchange notes or such note guarantee or further subordinate the exchange notes or such note guarantee to presently existing and future indebtedness of ours or such guarantor, require the holders of the exchange notes to repay any amounts received with respect to the exchange notes or such note guarantee or void or otherwise decline to enforce the security interests and related security agreements in respect thereof. In the event of a finding that a fraudulent conveyance occurred, you may not receive any repayment on the exchange notes. Further, the voidance of the exchange notes could result in an event of default with respect to our other debt and that of the guarantors that could result in acceleration of such debt.

The measures of insolvency for purposes of fraudulent conveyance laws vary depending upon the law of the jurisdiction that is being applied. Generally, an entity would be considered insolvent if, at the time it incurred indebtedness:

 

   

the sum of its debts, including contingent liabilities, was greater than the fair saleable value of all its assets;

 

   

the present fair saleable value of its assets was less than the amount that would be required to pay its probable liability on its existing debts and liabilities, including contingent liabilities, as they become absolute and mature; or

 

   

it could not pay its debts as they become due.

We cannot be certain as to the standards a court would use to determine whether or not we or the guarantors were solvent at the relevant time, or regardless of the standard used, that the issuance of the exchange notes and the note guarantees would not be subordinated to our or any guarantor’s other debt. If the note guarantees were legally challenged, any note guarantee could also be subject to the claim that, since the note guarantee was incurred for our benefit, and only indirectly for the benefit of the guarantor, the obligations of the applicable subsidiary guarantor were incurred for less than fair consideration. Therefore, a court could void the obligations under the note guarantees, subordinate them to the applicable guarantor’s other debt or take other action detrimental to the holders of the exchange notes. In addition, a recent bankruptcy court decision in Florida questioned the validity of a customary savings clause in a note guarantee.

The exchange notes are structurally subordinated to all liabilities of our non-guarantor subsidiaries.

The exchange notes are structurally subordinated to indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries that are not guarantors of the exchange notes. In the event of a bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation, dissolution or reorganization of any of our non-guarantor subsidiaries, these non-guarantor subsidiaries will pay the holders of their debts, holders of preferred equity interests and their trade creditors before they will be able to distribute any of their assets to us.

The indenture and our other debt agreements allow our non-guarantor subsidiaries to incur additional debt, all of which would be structurally senior to the exchange notes and the note guarantees to the extent of the assets of those non-guarantor subsidiaries. As of September 30, 2013, our non-guarantor subsidiaries had approximately $21.5 million of outstanding liabilities, which would rank effectively senior to the notes offered hereby, with respect to the assets of such non-guarantor subsidiaries. The holders of the notes are structurally subordinated to creditors of the non-guarantors and are subject to the foregoing risks concerning the amount of such structural subordination, among others.

 

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Your ability to transfer the exchange notes may be limited by the absence of an active trading market, and there is no assurance that any active trading market will develop for the exchange notes.

The exchange notes are new issues of securities for which there is no established public market. We do not intend to have the exchange notes listed on a national securities exchange or to arrange for quotation on any automated dealer quotation systems. Therefore, we cannot assure you as to the development or liquidity of any trading market for the exchange notes. The liquidity of any market for the exchange notes will depend on a number of factors, including:

 

   

the number of holders of exchange notes;

 

   

our operating performance and financial condition;

 

   

the market for similar securities;

 

   

the interest of securities dealers in making a market in the exchange notes; and

 

   

prevailing interest rates.

Historically, the market for non-investment grade debt has been subject to disruptions that have caused substantial volatility in the prices of securities similar to the exchange notes. We cannot assure you that the market, if any, for the exchange notes will be free from similar disruptions or that any such disruptions may not adversely affect the prices at which you may sell your exchange notes. Therefore, we cannot assure you that you will be able to sell your exchange notes at a particular time or the price that you receive when you sell will be favorable.

We may be unable to repurchase the exchange notes upon a change of control as required by the indenture.

Upon the occurrence of certain specific kinds of change of control events, we must offer to repurchase the exchange notes at 101% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon. In such circumstances, we cannot assure you that we would have sufficient funds available to repay all of our indebtedness that would become payable upon a change of control and to repurchase all of the exchange notes. Our failure to purchase the exchange notes would be a default under the indenture.

Other Risks

Because of the adoption of Debtor in Possession Accounting and Fresh Start Accounting, financial information for certain periods and periods subsequent thereto will not be comparable to financial information for other periods.

Upon the filing by the Company and certain of our direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of voluntary petitions under chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended, or the Chapter 11 Petitions, we adopted Debtor in Possession Accounting, in accordance with ASC 852. Upon our emergence from the Chapter 11 Cases, we adopted Fresh Start Accounting, in accordance with ASC 852, pursuant to which the midpoint of the range of our reorganization value was allocated to our assets in conformity with the procedures specified by Accounting Standards Codification No. 805, Business Combinations. Accordingly, our financial statements for the period from December 19, 2011 through February 24, 2012 will not be comparable in many respects to our financial statements prior to December 19, 2011 or subsequent to February 24, 2012. The lack of comparable historical financial information may discourage investors from purchasing our securities. The lack of comparable historical financial information may discourage investors from purchasing our securities.

We may not be able to benefit from our tax attributes.

In connection with our emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings, we were able to retain the tax basis in our assets as well as a portion of our U.S. net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, or the Tax Attributes. Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, provide an annual limitation with respect to the ability of a corporation to utilize its Tax Attributes against future U.S. taxable income in the event of a change in ownership. Implementation of the Plan upon our emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings triggered a change in ownership for purposes of Section 382 and our annual Section 382 limitation is $3.6 million. As a result, our future U.S. taxable income may not be fully offset by the Tax Attributes if such income exceeds our annual limitation, and we may incur a tax liability with respect to such income. In addition, subsequent changes in ownership for purposes of the Code could further diminish our ability to utilize Tax Attributes. Further, under a provision of the federal tax code finalized in July 2013, the Company employed a tax strategy in its 2012 federal tax return to utilize its federal NOLs by electing to accelerate the recognition of a deferred gain, resulting in positive taxable income and a tax liability for the 2012 tax year. This additional liability and tax provision of approximately $1.2 million was recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2013, with the filing of the 2012 tax return. Our tax attributes are reflected as a deferred tax asset for financial statement purposes, against which we have currently recorded a full valuation allowance.

 

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Future terrorist attacks against the United States or increased domestic or international instability could have an adverse effect on our operations.

Adverse developments in the war on terrorism, future terrorist attacks against the United States, or any outbreak or escalation of hostilities between the United States and any foreign power, including the armed conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, may cause disruption to the economy, our Company, our employees and our customers, which could adversely affect our revenues, operating expenses and financial condition.

 

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Investors are cautioned that this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement contain forward-looking statements. Statements which are predictive in nature, which depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, or which include words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “hopes” and similar expressions constitute forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements concerning future financial performance (including future revenues, earnings or growth rates), ongoing business strategies or prospects and our possible future actions, which may be provided by management are also forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are based upon expectations and projections about future events and are subject to assumptions, risks and uncertainties about, among other things, our business, economic and market factors and the homebuilding industry.

Although we believe that we have a reasonable basis for each forward-looking statement contained in this prospectus, we caution you that actual results may differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in the forward-looking statements due to a number of factors. While it is impossible to identify all such factors, factors which could cause actual results to differ materially from those estimated by us include, but are not limited to, worsening in general economic conditions either nationally or in regions in which the Company operates, worsening in markets for residential housing, further decline in real estate values resulting in further impairment of the Company’s real estate assets, volatility in the banking industry and credit markets, terrorism or other hostilities involving the United States, whether an ownership change occurred which could, under certain circumstances, have resulted in the limitation of the Company’s ability to offset prior years’ taxable income with net operating losses, changes in home mortgage interest rates, changes in generally accepted accounting principles or interpretations of those principles, changes in prices of homebuilding materials, labor shortages, adverse weather conditions, the occurrence of events such as landslides, soil subsidence and earthquakes that are uninsurable, not economically insurable or not subject to effective indemnification agreements, changes in governmental laws and regulations, inability to comply with financial and other covenants under the Company’s debt instruments, whether the Company is able to refinance the outstanding balances of its debt obligations at their maturity, anticipated tax refunds, limitations on the Company’s ability to utilize its tax attributes, limitations on the Company’s ability to reverse any portion of its valuation allowance with respect to its deferred tax assets, the timing of receipt of regulatory approvals and the opening of projects and the availability and cost of land for future growth. These and other risks and uncertainties are more fully described in the section in the prospectus entitled “Risk Factors,” as well as those factors or conditions described under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Our past performance or past or present economic conditions in our housing markets are not indicative of future performance or conditions. Investors are urged not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. In addition, we undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or changes to projections over time unless required by federal securities laws.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We will not receive any cash proceeds from the issuance of the exchange notes pursuant to the exchange offer. In consideration for issuing the exchange notes as contemplated in this prospectus, we will receive in exchange a like principal amount of outstanding notes, the terms of which are identical in all material respects to the exchange notes, except that the exchange notes will have a different CUSIP number and will not contain terms with respect to transfer restrictions, registration rights or additional interest upon a failure to fulfill certain obligations under the registration rights agreement. The outstanding notes surrendered in exchange for the exchange notes will be retired and cancelled and cannot be reissued. Accordingly, the issuance of the exchange notes will not result in any change in our capitalization.

 

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of September 30, 2013, as adjusted to give effect to the issuance of the outstanding notes in October 2013 in an aggregate principal amount of $100 million. The information in this table should be read in conjunction with “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. We will not receive any cash proceeds from the issuance of the exchange notes. In consideration for issuing the exchange notes as contemplated in this prospectus, we will receive in exchange outstanding notes in like principal amount, which will be cancelled and as such will not result in any increase in our capitalization.

 

     Pro Forma as
of
September 30,
2013
 
(In thousands, except per share amounts)    (unaudited)  

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 81,922   
  

 

 

 

Debt:

  

8.5% Senior Notes due November 15, 2020

     425,000   

Construction notes payable

     19,233   

Seller Financing

     16,238   
  

 

 

 

Total debt

     460,471   
  

 

 

 

Equity:

  

William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity

  

Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, 10,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding

     —     

Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, 150,000,000 shares authorized, 27,626,840 issued and outstanding

     276   

Class B Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, 30,000,000 shares authorized, 3,813,884 issued and outstanding

     38   

Additional paid-in capital

     310,376   

Accumulated deficit

     (722
  

 

 

 

Total William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity

     309,968   
  

 

 

 

Noncontrolling interest

     27,985   
  

 

 

 

Total equity

     337,953   
  

 

 

 

Total capitalization

     798,424   
  

 

 

 

 

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DESCRIPTION OF OUR BUSINESS

Our Company

We are one of the largest Western U.S. regional homebuilders. Headquartered in Newport Beach, California, we are primarily engaged in the design, construction, marketing and sale of single-family detached and attached homes in California, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado. Our core markets include Orange County, Los Angeles, San Diego, the San Francisco Bay Area, Phoenix, Las Vegas and Denver. We have a distinguished legacy of more than 55 years of homebuilding operations, over which time we have sold in excess of 76,000 homes. We hold leading market share positions in most of our markets and we have a significant land supply with more than 11,100 lots owned or controlled as of September 30, 2013.

We have a proven expertise in understanding the needs of our homebuyers and tailoring our product offerings to meet such needs, which allows us to maximize the yield on our land investments by pairing product with market demand. We build and sell across a diverse range of product lines at a variety of price points with an emphasis on sales to entry-level, first-time move-up and second-time move-up homebuyers. We are committed to achieving the highest standards in design, quality and customer satisfaction and have received numerous industry awards and commendations throughout our operating history recognizing our achievements.

In 2012 we delivered 950 homes, with an average selling price of approximately $275,000, and recognized home sales revenues and total revenues of $261.3 million and $398.3 million, respectively. In the nine months ended September 30, 2013, we delivered 969 homes, with an average selling price of approximately $349,300, and recognized home sales revenues and total revenues of $338.4 million and $363.1 million, respectively. We have experienced significant operating momentum since the beginning of 2012, during which time a variety of key housing, employment and other related economic statistics in our markets have increasingly demonstrated signs of recovery. This rebound in market conditions, when combined with our disciplined operating strategy, has resulted in seven consecutive quarters of growth in our net new home orders, home closings and unit backlog. Most recently, the improving market conditions and increase in pricing are reflected in our average sales price of homes in backlog of $445,600 at September 30, 2013, which is 28% higher than the average sales price of homes closed for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 of $349,300. In 2012, our net new home orders per average active selling community increased to 5.2 sales per month as compared to 2.9 sales per month in 2011, while our home closings increased approximately 55%. In addition, our homebuilding gross margin percentage and adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage increased to 20.8% and 27.0%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, as compared to 15.9% and 23.7%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. As of September 30, 2013, we were selling homes in 29 communities and had a consolidated backlog of 467 sold but unclosed homes, with an associated sales value of $208.1 million, representing a 13% and 92% increase in units and dollars, respectively, as compared to the backlog at September 30, 2012. The average selling price for homes in our backlog as of September 30, 2013 was approximately $445,600, representing a significant increase relative to the average selling price of $349,300 for homes closed in the nine month period ended September 30, 2013. We believe that the attractive fundamentals in our markets, our leading market share positions, our long-standing relationships with land developers, our significant land supply and our focus on providing the best possible customer experience position us to capitalize on meaningful growth as the U.S. housing market continues to rebound.

The Company’s Markets

The Company is currently operating in five reportable operating segments: Southern California, Northern California, Arizona, Nevada, and Colorado. Each of the segments has responsibility for the management of the Company’s homebuilding and development operations within its geographic boundaries.

 

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The following table sets forth homebuilding revenue from each of the Company’s homebuilding segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 to September 30, 2012, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the years ended December 31, 2011, and 2010 (in thousands):

 

     Successor(1)     Predecessor(1)      Predecessor(1)  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
(unaudited)
     Period From
February 25,
through
December 31,
2012
     Period From
February 25,
through
September  30,
2012
(unaudited)
    Period From
January 1,
through
February 24,
2012
    

 

Year Ended December 31,

 
                2011      2010  

Southern California(2)

   $ 103,948       $ 99,671       $ 56,000      $ 5,640       $ 110,969       $ 195,613   

Northern California(3)

     35,960         54,207         33,861        4,250         54,141         38,891   

Arizona(4)

     83,183         47,989         32,109        4,316         20,074         16,595   

Nevada(5)

     56,421         37,307         24,007        2,481         21,871         15,766   

Colorado(6)

     58,922         5,436         —          —           —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 338,434       $ 244,610       $ 145,977      $ 16,687       $ 207,055       $ 266,865   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Successor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries on and after the Emergence Date, after giving effect to: (i) the cancellation of shares of our common stock issued prior to February 25, 2012; (ii) the issuance of shares of new common stock, and settlement of existing debt and other adjustments in accordance with the Plan; and (iii) the application of fresh start accounting. Predecessor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries up to the Emergence Date. All of the required information related to each operating segment is reflected in Note 3 of “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements,” for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and Note 6 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements,” for the years ending December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.
(2)

The Southern California Segment consists of operations in Orange, Los Angeles, and San Diego counties. The offices are located in a leased office building at 4695 MacArthur Court, 8 th Floor, Newport Beach, CA 92660. The operating segment is led by a California Region President.

(3) The Northern California Segment consists of operations in Contra Costa, Placer, Sacramento, San Joaquin, Santa Clara and Solano counties. The offices are located in a leased office building at 4000 Executive Parkway, Suite 250, San Ramon, CA 94583. The operating segment is led by a division manager and a California Region President.
(4) The Arizona Segment consists of operations in the Phoenix metropolitan area. The offices are located in a leased office building at 8840 E. Chaparral Road, Suite 200, Scottsdale, AZ 85250. The operating segment is led by a division president.
(5) The Nevada Segment consists of operations in the Las Vegas metropolitan area. The offices are located in a leased office building at 500 Pilot Road, Suite G, Las Vegas, NV 89119. The operating segment is led by a division president.
(6) The Colorado Segment consists of operations in Douglas, Grand, Jefferson, and Larimer counties. The offices are located in a leased office building at 8480, East Orchard Road, Suite 1000, Greenwood Village, CO 80111. The operating segment is led by a division president. Colorado became the Company’s fifth operating segment on December 7, 2012, upon acquisition of various entities which operate under the name Village Homes.

 

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Strategy and Lot Position

The Company and its consolidated joint ventures owned approximately 11,118 lots and had options to purchase an additional 2,038 lots as of September 30, 2013. As used in this prospectus, “entitled” land has a development agreement and/or vesting tentative map, or a final recorded plat or map from the appropriate county or city government. Development agreements and vesting tentative maps generally provide for the right to develop the land in accordance with the provisions of the development agreement or vesting tentative map unless an issue arises concerning health, safety or general welfare. The Company’s sources of developed lots for its homebuilding operations are (1) purchase of smaller projects with shorter life cycles (merchant homebuilding) and (2) development of master-planned communities.

 

                          Owned Inventory  
     Owned
Lots
     Controlled
Lots
     Total
Lots
     Book Value
($ in millions)
 

Active developments

           

Southern California

     1,186         577         1,763       $ 158   

Northern California

     869         684         1,553         23   

Arizona

     3,788         220         4,008         149   

Nevada

     721         215         936         39   

Colorado

     546         342         888         33   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Active Developments

     7,110         2,038         9,148       $ 402   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Future developments

           

Arizona

     1,865         —           1,865       $ 23   

Nevada

     2,143         —           2,143         15   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Future Developments

     4,008         —           4,008       $ 38   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     11,118         2,038         13,156       $ 440   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Land Acquisition and Development

The Company estimates that its current inventory of lots owned and controlled is adequate to supply its homebuilding operations at current operating levels (including future land sales) for the next three years and a portion of future home closings for a multi-year period thereafter.

To manage the risks associated with land ownership and development, the Company has a Corporate Land Committee. Members are the Executive Chairman, CEO, President and COO (Chairman of the Land Committee), VP & CFO and SVP of Finance and Acquisition. As potential land acquisitions are being analyzed, the Corporate Land Committee must approve all purchases prior to being submitted to the board as necessary.

 

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Prior to committing to the acquisition of land, the Company conducts feasibility studies covering pertinent aspects of the proposed commitment. These studies may include a variety of elements from technical aspects such as title, zoning, soil and seismic characteristics, to marketing studies that review population and employment trends, schools, transportation access, buyer profiles, sales forecasts, projected profitability, cash requirements, and assessment of political risk and other factors. Prior to acquiring land, the Company considers assumptions concerning the needs of the targeted customer and determines whether the underlying land price enables the Company to meet those needs at an affordable price. Before purchasing land, the Company attempts to project the commencement of construction and sales over a reasonable time period. The Company utilizes outside architects and consultants, under close supervision, to help review acquisitions and design products.

Homebuilding and Market Strategy

The Company currently has a wide variety of product lines which enables it to meet the specific needs of each of its markets. Although the Company primarily emphasizes sales to the entry-level and move-up home markets, it believes that a diversified product strategy enables it to best serve a wide range of buyers and adapt quickly to a variety of market conditions. In order to reduce exposure to local market conditions, the Company’s sales locations are geographically dispersed.

Because the decision as to which product to develop is based on the Company’s assessment of market conditions and the restrictions imposed by government regulations, home styles and sizes vary from project to project. On a consolidated basis, the average sales prices of homes closed for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was $349,300.

The Company generally standardizes and limits the number of home designs within any given product line. This standardization permits on-site mass production techniques and bulk purchasing of materials and components, thus enabling the Company to better control and sometimes reduce construction costs and home construction cycles.

The Company contracts with a number of architects and other consultants who are involved in the design process of the Company’s homes. Designs are constrained by zoning requirements, building codes, energy efficiency laws and local architectural guidelines, among other factors. Engineering, landscaping, master-planning and environmental impact analysis work are subcontracted to independent firms which are familiar with local requirements.

Substantially all construction work is done by subcontractors with the Company acting as the general contractor. The Company manages subcontractor activities with on-site supervisory employees and management control systems. The Company does not have long-term contractual commitments with its subcontractors or suppliers; instead it contracts development work by project and where possible by phase size of 10 to 20 home sites. The Company generally has been able to obtain sufficient materials and subcontractors during times of material shortages. The Company believes its relationships with its suppliers and subcontractors are in good standing.

 

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Description of Projects and Communities Under Development

The Company’s homebuilding projects usually take two to five years to develop. The following table presents project information relating to each of the Company’s homebuilding operating segments as of September 30, 2013 and only includes projects with lots owned as of September 30, 2013, lots consolidated in accordance with certain accounting principles as of September 30, 2013 or homes closed for the quarter ended September 30, 2013.

 

Project (County or City)

   Year of
First
Delivery
   Estimated
Number of
Homes at
Completion(1)
     Cumulative
Homes
Closed as
of Sept 30,
2013(2)
     Backlog
at
Sept 30,
2013(3)(4)
     Lots
Owned
as of
Sept 30,
2013(5)
     Homes Closed
for the Period

Ended Sept 30,
2013
     Sales Price Range(6)

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

                    

Orange County:

                    

Irvine

                    

Agave

   2013      96         —           34         96         —         $525,000 - 615,000

Lyon Branches(7)

   2013      48         21         9         27         21       $1,015,000 - 1,240,000

Willow Bend

   2013      58         11         20         47         11       $1,140,000 - 1,305,000

Lyon Whistler(7)

   2013      83         —           1         83         —         $865,000 - 930,000

Rancho Mission Viejo

                    

Lyon Cabanas

   2013      97         —           19         97         —         $338,000 - 460,000

Lyon Villas

   2013      96         —           23         96         —         $406,000 - 473,000

Los Angeles County:

                    

Hawthorne

                    

360 South Bay(8):

                    

The Flats

   2010      188         117         23         71         38       $392,000 - 572,000

The Courts

   2010      118         118         —           —           6       (11)

The Rows

   2012      94         40         14         54         28       $538,000 - 710,000

The Lofts

   2013      9         6         1         3         6       $440,000 - 590,000

The Gardens

   2013      12         11         —           1         11       $565,000 - 730,000

The Townes

   2013      96         —           18         96         —         $580,000 - 690,000

The Terraces

   2013      93         —           2         93         —         $690,000 - 810,000

Azusa

                    

Rosedale

                    

Gardenia

   2011      81         81         —           —           33       (11)

Sage Court

   2011      64         64         —           —           3       (11)

San Diego County:

                    

Escondido

                    

Contempo

   2013      84         7         14         77         7       $271,000 - 316,000

San Diego

                    

Atrium

   2013      80         —           —           80         —         $350,000 - 440,000

Riverside County:

                    

Riverside

                    

Bridle Creek

   2015      10         —           —           10         —         $480,000 - 520,000

Lexington Heights

   2015      90         —           —           90         —        

San Bernardino County:

                    

Yucaipa

                    

Vista Bella/Redcort

   2013      165         —           —           165         —         $240,000 - 265,000
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    
        1,662         476         178         1,186         164      
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA TOTAL

                    

NORTHERN CALIFORNIA

                    

Alameda County

                    

Newark

                    

Gateway Station

   2015      547         —           —           547         —         $495,000 - 788,000

Contra Costa County:

                    

Pittsburgh

                    

Vista Del Mar

                    

Villages

   2007      52         —           16         52         —         $354,000 - 386,000

Villages(7)

   2007      50         50         —           —           —         $354,000 - 386,000

Vineyard II

   2012      131         54         11         28         49       $488,000 - 505,000

Brentwood

                    

Palmilla

                    

El Sol(7)

   2014      49         —           —           49         —         $250,000 - 329,000

Cielo(7)

   2014      56               56          $250,000 - 405,000

Antioch

                    

Oak Crest

   2013      130         —           4         130         —         $355,000 - 410,000

San Joaquin County:

                    

Lathrop

                    

The Ranch @ Mossdale Landing

   2010      168         161         3         7         50       $303,000 - 353,000
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

NORTHERN CALIFORNIA TOTAL

        1,183         265         34         869         99      
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

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Table of Contents

Project (County or City)

   Year of
First
Delivery
   Estimated
Number of
Homes at
Completion(1)
     Cumulative
Homes
Closed as
of Sept 30,
2013(2)
     Backlog
at
Sept 30,
2013(3)(4)
     Lots
Owned
as of
Sept 30,
2013(5)
     Homes Closed
for the Period
Ended Sept 30,
2013
     Sales Price Range(6)

ARIZONA

                    

Maricopa County:

                    

Queen Creek

                    

Hastings Farm

                    

Villas

   2012      337         194         53         143         142       $166,000 - 206,000

Manor

   2012      141         115         16         26         83       $239,000 - 293,000

Estates

   2012      153         56         31         97         50       $293,000 - 360,000

Church

                    

Farms North

   2015      2,310         —           —           2,310         —         $179,000 - 348,000

Mesa

                    

Lehi Crossing

                    

Settlers Landing

   2012      235         37         8         198         33       $219,000 - 262,000

Wagon Trail

   2013      244         24         17         220         24       $234,000 - 292,000

Monument Ridge

   2013      248         12         2         236         12       $256,000 - 333,000

Land(9)

   2014      101         —           —           101         —         N/A

Peoria

                    

Agua Fria

   2012      263         2         —           261         2       $164,000 - 198,000

Surprise

                    

Rancho Mercado

   2017      1,865         —           —           1,865         —         $164,000 - 407,000

Gilbert

                    

Lyon’s Gate

                    

Land(9)

   N/A      196         —           —           196         —         N/A
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

ARIZONA TOTAL

        6,093         440         127         5,653         346      
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

NEVADA

                    

Clark County:

                    

North Las Vegas

                    

Serenity Ridge

   2013      128         23         26         85         23       $462,000 - 542,000

Tularosa at Mountain’s Edge

   2011      140         117         20         23         57       $227,000 - 269,000

Las Vegas

                    

Flagstone

                    

Crossings

   2011      77         77         —           —           30       $310,000 - 340,000

West Park

                    

Villas

   2006      191         165         24         26         58       $207,000 - 238,000

Courtyards

   2006      113         113         —           —           21       (11)

Mesa Canyon

   2013      49         3         13         46         3       $290,000 - 310,000

Tierra Este

   2013      116         —           3         116         —         $217,000 - 242,000

Lyon Estates

   2013      129         —           5         129         —         $470,000 - 525,000

Rhapsody

   2014      63         —           —           63         —         $224,000 - 252,000

The Fields at Aliente

   2011      60         60         —           —           4       (11)

Sterling Ridge 65’ Lots

   2014      137         —           —           4         —         $627,000 - 672,000

Sterling Ridge 75’ Lots

   2014      62         —           —           3         —         $715,000 - 783,000

Tuscan Cliffs

   2014      77         —           —           77         —         $626,000 - 672,000

Nye County:

                    

Pahrump

                    

Mountain Falls

                    

Series I

   2011      211         62         6         149         21       $135,000 - 164,000

Series II

   2014      218         —           —           218         —         $183,000 - 211,000

Land(9)

   N/A      —           —           —           1,925         —         N/A
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

NEVADA TOTAL

        1,771         620         97         2,864         217      
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

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Table of Contents

Project (County or City)

   Year of
First
Delivery
   Estimated
Number of
Homes at
Completion(1)
     Cumulative
Homes
Closed as
of Sept 30,
2013(2)
     Backlog
at
Sept 30,
2013(3)(4)
     Lots
Owned
as of
Sept 30,
2013(5)
     Homes Closed
for the Period
Ended Sept 30,
2013
     Sales Price Range(6)  

COLORADO (10)

                    

Douglas County

                    

Castle Rock

                    

Watercolor at The Meadows

   2012      31         24         7         7         23       $ 295,000 - 372,000   

Cliffside

   2014      49         —           3         49         —         $ 402,000 - 495,000   

Parker

                    

Idyllwilde

   2012      42         33         2         9         28       $ 308,000 - 416,000   

Grand County

                    

Granby

                    

Granby Ranch

   2012      54         13         3         41         12       $ 417,000 - 467,000   

Jefferson County

                    

Arvada

                    

Villages of Five Parks

   2012      49         45         4         4         40       $ 350,000 - 390,000   

Candelas

   2014      66         —           3         22         —         $ 359,000 - 403,000   

Leydon Rock—Garden

   2014      56         —           —           56         —         $ 334,000 - 360,000   

Leydon Rock—Park

   2014      78         —           —           78         —         $ 336,000 - 377,000   

Larimer County

                    

Fort Collins

                    

Observatory Village

   2012      50         41         9         9         40       $ 300,000 - 354,000   

Timnath Ranch—Haven

   2014      179         —           —           179         —         $ 342,000 - 372,000   

Timnath Ranch—Park

   2014      92         —           —           92         —         $ 289,000 - 328,000   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

COLORADO TOTAL

        746         156         31         546         143      
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

GRAND TOTALS

        11,455         1,957         467         11,118         969      
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

(1) The estimated number of homes to be built at completion is subject to change, and there can be no assurance that the Company will build these homes.
(2) “Cumulative Homes Closed” represents homes closed since the project opened, and may include prior years, in addition to the homes closed during the current year presented.
(3) Backlog consists of homes sold under sales contracts that have not yet closed, and there can be no assurance that closings of sold homes will occur.
(4) Of the total homes subject to pending sales contracts as of September 30, 2013, 424 represent homes completed or under construction.
(5) Lots owned as of September 30, 2013 include lots in backlog at September 30, 2013.
(6) Sales price range reflects base price only and excludes any lot premium, buyer incentive and buyer selected options, which vary from project to project.
(7) Project is a joint venture and is consolidated as a VIE in accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation.
(8) All or a portion of the lots in this project are not owned as of September 30, 2013. The Company consolidated the purchase price of the lots in accordance with certain accounting rules, and considers the lots owned at December 31, 2012.
(9) Represents a parcel of undeveloped land held for future sale. The Company does not plan to develop homes on this land, thus the “year of first delivery” and “sales price range” are not applicable.
(10) Colorado division was acquired on December 7, 2012, as part of the Village Homes Acquisition. Estimated number of homes at completion is the number of homes to be built post-acquisition. Cumulative homes closed are from acquisition date through September 30, 2013.
(11) Project is completely sold out, therefore the sales price range is not applicable as of September 30, 2013.

 

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Table of Contents

Sales and Marketing

The management team responsible for a specific project develops marketing objectives, formulates pricing and sales strategies and develops advertising and public relations programs for approval of senior management. The Company makes extensive use of advertising and other promotional activities, including on-line media, newspaper advertisements, brochures, direct mail and the placement of strategically located sign boards in the immediate areas of its developments. In addition, the Company markets all of its products through the internet via email lists and interest lists, as well as its website at www.lyonhomes.com. In general, the Company’s advertising emphasizes each project’s strengths, the quality and value of its products and its reputation in the marketplace.

The Company normally builds, decorates, furnishes and landscapes three to eight model homes for each product line and maintains on-site sales offices, which typically are open seven days a week. Management believes that model homes play a particularly important role in the Company’s marketing efforts. Consequently, the Company expends a significant amount of effort in creating an attractive atmosphere at its model homes. Interior decorations vary among the Company’s models and are carefully selected based upon the lifestyles of targeted buyers. Structural changes in design from the model homes are not generally permitted, but home buyers may select various other optional construction and design amenities.

The Company employs in-house salaried sales personnel to sell its homes. In some cases, outside brokers are also involved in the selling of the Company’s homes, particularly in the Arizona and Nevada markets. The Company typically engages its sales personnel on a long-term, rather than a project-by-project basis, which it believes results in a more motivated sales force with an extensive knowledge of the Company’s operating policies and products. Sales personnel are trained by the Company and attend weekly meetings to be updated on the availability of financing, construction schedules and marketing and advertising plans.

The Company strives to provide a high level of customer service during the sales process and after a home is sold. The participation of the sales representatives, on-site construction supervisors and the post-closing customer service personnel, working in a team effort, is intended to foster the Company’s reputation for quality and service, and ultimately lead to enhanced customer retention and referrals.

The Company’s homes are typically sold before or during construction through sales contracts which are usually accompanied by a small cash deposit. Such sales contracts are usually subject to certain contingencies such as the buyer’s ability to qualify for financing. The cancellation rate of buyers who contracted to buy a home but did not close escrow at the Company and its joint ventures’ projects was approximately 14% during 2012 and 18% during 2011. On a consolidated basis, the cancellation rate increased to 15% in the first nine months of 2013 compared to 14% in the 2012 period. Cancellation rates are subject to a variety of factors beyond the Company’s control such as the downturn in the homebuilding industry and current economic conditions. The Company and its joint ventures’ inventory of completed and unsold homes was 19 homes as of December 31, 2012 and 73 homes as of December 31, 2011.

Warranty

The Company provides its homebuyers with a one-year limited warranty covering workmanship and materials. The Company also provides its homebuyers with a limited warranty that covers “construction defects,” as defined in the limited warranty agreement provided to each home buyer, for the length of its legal liability for such defects (which may be up to ten years in some circumstances), as determined by the law of the state in which the Company builds. The limited warranty covering construction defects is transferable to subsequent buyers not under direct contract with the Company and requires that homebuyers agree to the definitions and procedures set forth in the warranty, including the submission of unresolved construction-related disputes to binding arbitration. The Company began providing this type of limited warranty at the end of 2001. In connection with the limited warranty covering construction defects, the Company obtained an insurance policy which expires on December 31, 2013, unless amended or renewed. The Company has been informed by the insurance carrier that this insurance policy will respond to construction defect claims on homes that close during each policy period for the duration of the Company’s legal liability and that the policy will respond, upon satisfaction of the applicable self-insured retention, to potential losses relating to construction, including soil subsidence. The insurance policy provides a single policy of insurance to the Company and the subcontractors enrolled in its insurance program. As a result, the Company is no longer required to obtain proof of insurance from these subcontractors nor be named as an additional insured under their individual insurance policies. The Company still requires that subcontractors not enrolled in the insurance program provide proof of insurance and name the Company as an additional insured under their insurance policy. Furthermore, the Company generally requires that its subcontractors provide the Company with an indemnity prior to receiving payment for their work.

There can be no assurance, however, that the terms and limitations of the limited warranty will be enforceable against the homebuyers, that the Company will be able to renew its insurance coverage or renew it at reasonable rates, that the

 

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Table of Contents

Company will not be liable for damages, the cost of repairs, and/or the expense of litigation surrounding possible construction defects, soil subsidence or building-related claims or that claims will not arise out of uninsurable events not covered by insurance and not subject to effective indemnification agreements with the Company’s subcontractors.

Seasonality

The Company’s operations are historically seasonal, with the highest new order activity in the spring and summer, which is impacted by the timing of project openings and competition in surrounding projects, among other factors. In addition, the Company’s home deliveries typically occur in the third and fourth quarter of each fiscal year, based on the construction cycle times of our homes between three and six months. As a result, the Company’s revenues, cash flow and profitability are higher in that same period.

Customer Financing

The Company seeks to assist its home buyers in obtaining mortgage financing for qualified buyers. Substantially all home buyers utilize long-term mortgage financing to purchase a home and mortgage lenders will usually make loans only to qualified borrowers.

Information Systems and Controls

The Company assigns a high priority to the development and maintenance of its budget and cost control systems and procedures. The Company’s division offices are connected to corporate headquarters through a fully integrated accounting, financial and operational management information system. Through this system, management regularly evaluates the status of its projects in relation to budgets to determine the cause of any variances and, where appropriate, adjusts the Company’s operations to capitalize on favorable variances or to limit adverse financial impacts.

Regulation

The Company and its competitors are subject to various local, state and federal statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations concerning zoning, building design, construction and similar matters, including local regulation which imposes restrictive zoning and density requirements in order to limit the number of homes that can ultimately be built within the boundaries of a particular project. The Company and its competitors may also be subject to periodic delays or may be precluded entirely from developing in certain communities due to building moratoriums or “slow-growth” or “no-growth” initiatives that could be implemented in the future in the states in which it operates. Because the Company usually purchases land with entitlements, the Company believes that the moratoriums would adversely affect the Company only if they arose from unforeseen health, safety and welfare issues such as insufficient water or sewage facilities. Local and state governments also have broad discretion regarding the imposition of development fees for projects in their jurisdiction. However, these are normally locked-in when the Company receives entitlements.

The Company and its competitors are also subject to a variety of local, state and federal statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations concerning protection of health and the environment. The particular environmental laws which apply to any given community vary greatly according to the community site, the site’s environmental conditions and the present and former uses of the site. These environmental laws may result in delays, may cause the Company and its competitors to incur substantial compliance and other costs, including significant fines and penalties for any violation, and may prohibit or severely restrict development in certain environmentally sensitive regions or areas. The Company’s projects in California are especially susceptible to restrictive government regulations and environmental laws. However, environmental laws have not, to date, had a material adverse impact on the Company’s operations. The Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, California Lyon, is licensed as a general building contractor in California, Arizona and Nevada. In addition, California Lyon holds a corporate real estate license under the California Real Estate Law.

Competition

The homebuilding industry is highly competitive, particularly in the low and medium-price range where the Company currently concentrates its activities. The Company does not believe it has a significant market position in any geographic area which it serves due to the fragmented nature of the market. A number of the Company’s competitors have larger staffs, larger marketing organizations and substantially greater financial resources than those of the Company. However, the Company believes that it competes effectively in its existing markets as a result of its product and geographic diversity, substantial development expertise and its reputation as a low-cost producer of quality homes. Further, the Company sometimes gains a competitive advantage in locations where changing regulations make it difficult for competitors to obtain entitlements and/or government approvals which the Company has already obtained.

 

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Table of Contents

Corporate Organization and Personnel

We carry out much of our business through our wholly owned subsidiaries, most notably California Lyon, our primary operating subsidiary.

The Company’s executive officers and divisional presidents average more than 21 years of experience in the homebuilding and development industries within California or the Southwestern United States. The Company combines decentralized management in those aspects of its business where detailed knowledge of local market conditions is important (such as governmental processing, construction, land development and sales and marketing), with centralized management in those functions where the Company believes central control is required (such as approval of land acquisitions, financial, treasury, human resources and legal matters).

As of September 30, 2013, the Company employed 304 full-time and 10 part-time employees, including corporate staff, supervisory personnel of construction projects, warranty service personnel for completed projects, as well as persons engaged in administrative, finance and accounting, engineering, golf course operations, sales and marketing activities.

The Company believes that its relations with its employees have been good. Some employees of the subcontractors the Company utilizes are unionized, but none of the Company’s employees are union members. Although there have been temporary work stoppages in the building trades in the Company’s areas of operation, none has had any material impact upon the Company’s overall operations.

 

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Table of Contents

Deferred Tax Assets

We have significant deferred tax assets that, to the extent realizable, will, in part, offset future taxable income and reduce our cash income tax requirements. Our net deferred tax assets as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 were $117.0 million and $200.0 million, respectively, against which we currently have recorded a full valuation allowance. The sources of our deferred tax assets consist primarily of tax basis in excess of book basis on our real estate inventory that may be utilized to offset future book gains when that inventory is sold and net operating losses that we have generated since the tax year ended December 31, 2011 that can be carried forward to offset future taxable income. Our ability to realize certain of these tax benefits is subject to limitation under Section 382 of the Code as a result of prior changes in the ownership of our stock. See “Risk Factors—We may not be able to benefit from our tax attributes.”

Legal Proceedings

We are a party to certain legal proceedings with respect to a variety of matters in the ordinary course of business. We do not believe that any legal proceedings to which we are a party would have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows. However, in the future, we could incur judgments or fines or enter into settlements of claims that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial positions or cash flows.

Prepackaged Joint Plan of Reorganization

On February 25, 2012, Parent and certain of its subsidiaries consummated the principal transactions of a Prepackaged Joint Plan of Reorganization, or the Plan, which had been approved by the bankruptcy court following the filing by Parent and certain of its subsidiaries of voluntary bankruptcy petitions, and which Plan included the issuance of shares of Parent’s Class A Common Stock and 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due 2017, in exchange for claims held by the holders of the formerly outstanding notes of California Lyon, an amendment dated February 25, 2012, or the Amended Term Loan, of California Lyon’s then-outstanding loan agreement, or the Prepetition Term Loan, in each case, with ColFin WLH Funding, LLC and certain other lenders, the issuance of shares of Parent’s Class B Common Stock and a warrant to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock in exchange for cash consideration invested by the Lyon family, and the issuance of shares of Parent’s Convertible Preferred Stock and Class C Common Stock in exchange for cash consideration. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Chapter 11 Reorganization” for additional disclosure regarding the Plan.

 

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Table of Contents

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA OPERATING STATEMENTS

(in thousands except number of shares and per share amounts)

The following unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 and the accompanying notes thereto have been prepared to illustrate the effects of certain adjustments related to the consummation of the Plan, giving effect to the adjustments as if the Company had emerged from bankruptcy on January 1, 2011. The pro forma adjustments and certain assumptions underlying these adjustments are described in the accompanying notes, which should be read in conjunction with the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of operations does not purport to project our future operating results as of any future date or for any future period. The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of operations are also not necessarily indicative of what our results of operations would have been if the effectiveness of the Plan had actually occurred as of January 1, 2011.

 

    Period Ended
December 31,
2012
    Plan of
Reorganization
Adjustments
    Pro forma
Year Ended
December 31,
2012
    Year Ended
December 31,
2011
    Plan of
Reorganization
Adjustments
    Pro forma
Year Ended
December 31,
2011
 

Operating revenue

           

Home sales

  $ 261,297        —        $ 261,297      $ 207,055        —        $ 207,055   

Lots, land and other sales

    104,325        —          104,325        —          —          —     

Construction services

    32,708        —          32,708        19,768        —          19,768   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    398,330        —          398,330        226,823        —          226,823   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating costs

           

Cost of sales—homes

    (217,801     524 (a)      (217,277     (184,489     982 (f)      (183,507

Cost of sales—lots, land and other

    (94,786     —          (94,786     (4,234     —          (4,234

Impairment loss on real estate assets

    —          —          —          (128,314     —          (128,314

Construction services

    (29,639     —          (29,639     (18,164     —          (18,164

Sales and marketing

    (15,872     —          (15,872     (16,848     —          (16,848

General and administrative

    (29,397     —          (29,397     (22,411     —          (22,411

Amortization of intangible assets

    (5,757     4,084 (b)      (1,673     —          (3,151 )(g)      (3,151

Other

    (3,096     —          (3,096     (3,983     —          (3,983
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    (396,348     4,608        (391,740     (378,443     (2,169     (380,612
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures

    —          —          —          3,605        —          3,605   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

    1,982        4,608        6,590        (148,015     (2,169     (150,184

Loss on extinguishment of debt

    (1,392     —          (1,392     —          —          —     

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

    (11,634     363 (c)      (11,271     (24,529     9,778 (h)      (14,751

Other income, net

    1,758        —          1,758        838        —          838   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss before reorganization items and provision for income taxes

    (9,286     4,971        (4,315     (171,706     7,609        (164,097

Reorganization items, net

    230,933        (230,933 )(d)      —          (21,182     21,182 (i)      —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before provision for income taxes

    221,647        (225,962     (4,315     (192,888     28,791        (164,097

Provision for incomes taxes

    (11     —          (11     (10     —          (10
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

    221,636        (225,962     (4,326     (192,898     28,791        (164,107

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

    (2,112     —          (2,112     (432     —          (432
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to William Lyon Homes

    219,524        (225,962     (6,438     (193,330     28,791        (164,539

Preferred stock dividends

    (2,743     (459 )(e)      (3,202     —          (3,023 )(j)      (3,023
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

  $ 216,781      $ (226,421   $ (9,640   $ (193,330   $ 25,768      $ (167,562
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) per common share, basic and diluted

  $ 2.10        —        $ (0.10   $ (193,330     —        $ (1.81

Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted

    103,037,842        —          101,434,476        1,000        92,367,169 (k)      92,368,169   

Weighted average additional common shares outstanding if preferred shares converted to common shares

    68,002,529        —          67,526,058        —          64,831,831 (k)      64,831,831   

 

 

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(a) Reflects adjustments made to cost of sales based on the fair value of inventory per the plan or reorganization. Adjustments were made to real estate inventories on a per project basis, were allocated pro rata to the number of homes in the project, and relieved to cost of sales based on the number of homes closed during the period.
(b) Reflects the adjustment to amortization of intangible assets based on the Company emerging from Chapter 11 on January 1, 2011. The adjustment is comprised primarily of $4.0 million relating to amortization of homes in backlog that would have been fully amortized in the prior year, as well as adjustments to amortization of construction management contracts and joint venture management contracts for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012.
(c) Reflects the adjustment to interest expense based on the Prepetition Term Loan of $206.0 million at 14% interest and the old notes of $283.5 million at interest rates between 7.5% and 10.75%, post-bankruptcy emergence Amended Term Loan of $235.0 million at 10.25% interest, zero old notes and existing notes of $75.0 million at 12% interest for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012.
(d) Reflects the reversal of reorganization items comprised of cancellation of debt of $298.9 million, plan implementation adjustments of $49.3 million, professional fees of $9.7 million and write-off of deferred loan costs of $8.3 million.
(e) Reflects the amount of preferred stock dividends that would have been accrued for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012.
(f) Reflects adjustments made to cost of sales based on the fair value of inventory per the plan of reorganization. Adjustments were made to real estate inventories on a per project basis, were allocated pro rata to the number of homes in the project, and relieved to cost of sales based on the number of homes closed during the year.
(g) Reflects the adjustment to amortization of intangible assets based on the Company emerging from Chapter 11 on January 1, 2011. The Company would have recorded intangible assets relating to homes in backlog with a fair value of $2.4 million, which would have been fully amortized during the 2011 period, as all the homes in backlog at January 1, 2011 closed during the 2011 period. Additionally, the Company would have recorded intangible assets relating to construction management contracts of $4.6 million and joint venture management contracts of $0.8 million and would have recorded amortization expense based on the number of homes closed of $0.6 million and $0.2 million respectively.
(h) Reflects the adjustment to interest expense based on California Lyon’s pre-bankruptcy petition loan agreement with ColFin WLH Funding, LLC and certain other lenders, or the Prepetition Term Loan, of $206.0 million at 14% interest and old notes of $283.5 million at interest rates between 7.5% and 10.75% versus the Amended Term Loan of $235.0 million at 10.25% interest, no outstanding balance on old notes and existing notes of $75.0 million at 12% interest for the 2011 period.
(i) Reflects the reversal of reorganization items, which is comprised of legal and professional fees incurred in connection with the Chapter 11 cases.
(j) Reflects the amount of preferred stock dividends that would have been accrued had the Company emerged from Chapter 11 on January 1, 2011.
(k) Reflects the weighted average common shares outstanding in accordance with the plan of reorganization.

 

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SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table sets forth certain of the Company’s historical financial data. The selected historical consolidated statement of operations data, other financial data and operating data as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 has been derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere herein. The selected historical consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 and for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 has been derived from the Company’s audited financial statements for such years, which are not included herein. The selected historical consolidated statement of operations data, other financial data and operating data for the nine month period ended September 30, 2013 and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 and balance sheet data as of September 30, 2013 have been derived from our unaudited financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere herein.

Unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires, any reference hereinafter to the “Successor” reflects the operations of the Company post-emergence from February 25, 2012, or the Emergence Date, through September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2012 as applicable, and any reference to the “Predecessor” refers to the operations of the Company pre-emergence prior to the Emergence Date. As a result of the consummation of the Plan on the Emergence Date, the Company adopted Fresh Start Accounting in accordance with ASC 852.

The selected historical consolidated financial data set forth below are not necessarily indicative of the results of future operations. Fresh start accounting required us to value our assets and liabilities to their related fair values. In addition, we adjusted our accumulated deficit to zero at the Emergence Date. Items such as accumulated depreciation, amortization and accumulated deficit were reset to zero. We allocated the reorganization value to the individual assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values. Items such as accounts receivable, prepaid and other assets, accounts payable, certain accrued liabilities and cash, whose fair values approximated their book values, reflected values similar to those reported prior to emergence from bankruptcy. Items such as real estate inventories, property, plant and equipment, certain notes receivable, certain accrued liabilities and notes payable were adjusted from amounts previously reported. Because we adopted fresh start accounting at emergence and because of the significance of liabilities subject to compromise that were relieved upon emergence from bankruptcy, the historical financial statements of the Predecessor and the financial statements of the Successor are not comparable. Refer to the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus for further details relating to fresh start accounting.

 

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You should read this summary in conjunction with the discussion under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and the historical consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere herein.

 

     Successor(1)     Predecessor(1)  
($ in thousands except per share data)    Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
(unaudited)
    Period from
February 25,
through
December 31,
2012
    Period From
February 25,
through
September  30,
2012
(unaudited)
    Period from
January 1,
through
February 24,
2012
   

 

Year Ended December 31,

 
           2011     2010     2009     2008  

Statement of Operations Data:

                

Revenues

                

Home Sales

   $ 338,434      $ 244,610      $ 145,977      $ 16,687      $ 207,055      $ 266,865      $ 253,874      $ 468,452   

Lots, land and other sales

     3,248       104,325        100,125        —          —          17,204        21,220        39,512   

Construction services

     21,439        23,825        16,473        8,883        19,768        10,629        34,149        18,114   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total revenues

     363,121        372,760        262,575        25,570        226,823        294,698        309,243        526,078   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

     26,462        4,666        2,188        (2,684     (148,015     (117,843     (161,301     (193,859

Income (loss) before reorganization items and provision from income taxes

     24,117        (4,325     (3,668     (4,961     (171,706     (135,867     (122,861     (163,676

Reorganization items, net(2)

     (464     (2,525     (1,894     223,458        (21,182     —          —          —     

Net income (loss)

     17,287        (6,861     (5,573     228,497        (192,898     (135,455     (20,593     (122,084

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

   $ 10,880      $ (11,602   $ (9,409   $ 228,383        (193,330   $ (136,786   $ (20,525   $ (111,638
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) per common share:

                

Basic

   $ 0.48      $ (0.11   $ (0.80   $ 228,383      $ (193,330   $ (136,786   $ (20,525   $ (111,638

Diluted

     0.46        (0.11     (0.80     228,383        (193,330     136,786     (20,525     (111,638

Weighted average common shares outstanding:

                

Basic

     22,569,810        12,489,435        11,716,413        1,000        1,000        1,000        1,000        1,000   

Diluted

     23,446,954        12,489,435        11,716,413        1,000        1,000        1,000        1,000        1,000   

Other Financial Data:

                

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin(3)

   $ 91,231      $ 64,135      $ 35,022      $ 3,449      $ 40,468      $ 57,876      $ 52,366      $ 67,083   

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage(3)

     27.0     26.2     24.0     20.7     19.6     21.7     20.6     14.3

Adjusted EBITDA(4)

   $ 46,500      $ 39,792      $ 15,592      $ (8,435   $ (21,357   $ 16,612      $ (95,666   $ 3,191   

Adjusted EBITDA margin percentage(5)

     12.8     10.7     5.9     (33.0 %)      (9.4 %)      4.5     (30.9 %)      0.6

Operating Data (including consolidated joint ventures) (unaudited):

                

Number of net new home orders

     1,030        956        727        175        669        650        869        1,221   

Number of homes closed

     969        883        560        67        614        760        915        1,260   

Average sales price of homes closed

   $ 349      $ 277      $ 261      $ 249      $ 337      $ 351      $ 278      $ 372   

Cancellation rates

     15     15     14     8     18     19     21     28

Average number of sales locations

     23        18        19        20        19        18        25        44   

Backlog at end of period, number of homes(6)

     467        406        414        246        139        84        194        240   

Backlog at end of period, aggregate sales value(6)

   $ 208,081      $ 115,449      $ 99,710      $ 63,434      $ 29,329      $ 30,077      $ 56,472      $ 80,750   

 

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Table of Contents
     Successor(1)     Predecessor(1)  
     September 30,
2013
     December 31,
2012
    December 31  
          2011     2010      2009      2008  
(in thousands)                                        

Balance Sheet Data:

               

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 81,922       $ 71,075      $ 20,061      $ 71,286       $ 117,587       $ 67,017   

Real estate inventories—Owned

     640,162         421,630        398,534        488,906         523,336         754,489   

Real estate inventories—Not owned

     20,738         39,029        47,408        55,270         55,270         107,763   

Total assets

     798,953         581,147        496,951        649,004         860,099         1,044,843   

Total debt

     360,471         338,248        563,492        519,731         590,290         670,905   

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

     —           71,246        —          —           —           —     

Total William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity (deficit)

     309,968         62,712        (179,516     13,814         150,600         171,125   

 

(1) Successor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries on and after the Emergence Date, after giving effect to: (i) the cancellation of shares of our common stock issued prior to February 25, 2012; (ii) the issuance of shares of new common stock, and settlement of existing debt and other adjustments in accordance with the Plan; and (iii) the application of fresh start accounting. Predecessor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries up to the Emergence Date. In relation to the adoption of fresh start accounting in conjunction with the confirmation of the Plan, the results of operations for 2012 separately present the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 as the pre-bankruptcy emergence, predecessor entity and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 and from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 as the successor entity. As such, the application of fresh start accounting as described in Note 2 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” is reflected in the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and not the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012. Certain statistics including (i) net new home orders, (ii) average number of sales locations, (iii) backlog, (iv) number of homes closed, (v) homes sales revenue and (vi) average sales price of homes closed are not affected by the fresh start accounting.
(2) The Company recorded reorganization items of $(0.5) million, $(2.5) million, $(1.9) million, $233.5 million and $(21.2) million during the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011, respectively. See Note 4 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”
(3) Adjusted homebuilding gross margin is a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure used by management and our local divisions in evaluating operating performance and in making strategic decisions regarding sales pricing, construction and development pace, product mix and other operating decisions. We believe this information is meaningful as it isolates the impact that interest has on homebuilding gross margin and permits investors to make better comparisons with our competitors, who also break out and adjust gross margins in a similar fashion. A reconciliation of adjusted homebuilding gross margin to homebuilding gross margin is provided as follows:

 

     Successor(1)     Predecessor(1)  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
    Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
    Period from
February 25,
through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
   

 

Year Ended December 31,

 
             2011     2010  
(dollars in thousands)    (unaudited)           (unaudited)                    

Home sales revenue

   $ 338,434      $ 244,610      $ 145,977      $ 16,687      $ 207,055      $ 266,865   

Cost of home sales

     (267,932     (203,203     (122,155     (14,598     (184,489     (225,751
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Homebuilding gross margin

     70,502        41,407        23,822        2,089        22,566        41,114   

Add: Interest in cost of sales

     20,729        22,728        11,200        1,360        18,082        16,762   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin

   $ 91,231      $ 64,135      $ 35,022      $ 3,449      $ 40,648      $ 57,876   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage

     27.0     26.2     24.0     20.7     19.6     21.7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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(4) Adjusted EBITDA is a financial measure that is not prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA means net (loss) income plus (i) provision for (benefit from) income taxes, (ii) interest expense, (iii) amortization of capitalized interest included in cost of sales, (iv) non-cash impairment charges, (v) gain (loss) on retirement of debt, (vi) loss on sale of fixed assets, (vii) depreciation and amortization, (viii) distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures less equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures, (ix) equity in (income) loss of unconsolidated joint ventures less equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures, (x) stock based compensation expense and (xi) reorganization items. Other companies may calculate adjusted EBITDA differently. Adjusted EBITDA is presented herein because management believes the presentation of adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to the Company’s investors regarding the Company’s financial condition and results of operations because adjusted EBITDA is a widely utilized indicator of a company’s earnings before debt service. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative for net (loss) income, cash flows from operating activities and other consolidated income or cash flow statement data prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP or as a measure of profitability or liquidity. A reconciliation of net (loss) income attributable to the Company to adjusted EBITDA is provided as follows:

 

     Successor(1)     Predecessor(1)  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
(unaudited)
    Period from
February 25,
through
December 31,
2012
    Period From
February 25,
through
September 30,
2012
(unaudited)
    Period from
January 1,
through
February 24,
2012
   

 

Year Ended December 31,

 
             2011     2010     2009     2008  

Net income (loss) attributable to William Lyon Homes

   $ 12,408      $ (8,859   $ (7,611   $ 228,383      $ (193,330   $ (136,786   $ (20,525   $ 111,638   

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

     6,366       11        11       —          10        (412     (101,908     (41,592

Interest expense

                

Interest incurred

     22,511        30,526        22,336        7,145        61,464        62,791        48,782        66,748   

Interest capitalized

     (19,909     (21,399     (15,009     (4,638     (36,935     (39,138     12,880        (42,308

Amortization of capitalized interest included in cost of sales

     20,729        27,791        11,200        1,360        18,082        16,762        17,978        37,907   

Non-cash impairment charge

     —          —          —          —          128,314        111,860        45,269        141,207   

Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt

     —          1,392        (975 )     —          —          (5,572     (78,144     (54,044

Loss on sale of fixed assets

     4       —          —          —          83        122        3,009        —     

Depreciation and amortization

     2,184        6,631        5,640        586        3,875        3,718        1,493        2,218   

Distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures

     —          —          —          —          685        4,183        840        816   

Equity in (income) loss of unconsolidated joint ventures

     —          —          —          —          (3,605     (916     420        3,877   

Stock-based compensation

     2,207        3,699        —          —          —          —          —          —     

Non-cash reorganization items

     —          —          —          (241,271     —          —          —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 46,500      $ 39,792      $ 15,592      $ (8,435   $ (21,357   $ 16,612      $ (95,666   $ 3,191   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(5) Adjusted EBITDA margin percentage is calculated as Adjusted EBITDA, as defined in (4) above, divided by total revenues during the period.
(6) Backlog consists of homes sold under pending sales contracts that have not yet closed, some of which are subject to contingencies, including mortgage loan approval and the sale of existing homes by customers. There can be no assurance that homes sold under pending sales contracts will close. Of the total homes sold subject to pending sales contracts as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, 424 and 352, respectively, represent homes completed or under construction and 43 and 54, respectively, represent homes not yet under construction.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion of results of operations and financial condition should be read in conjunction with the “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data,” the “Consolidated Financial Statements,” the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements,” and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. As used herein, “on a consolidated basis” means the total of operations in wholly-owned projects and in consolidated joint venture projects.

Overview

The Company is one of the largest Western U.S. regional homebuilders. Headquartered in Newport Beach, California, the Company is primarily engaged in the design, construction, marketing and sale of single-family detached and attached homes in California, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado. The Company’s core markets include Orange County, Los Angeles, San Diego, the San Francisco Bay Area, Phoenix, Las Vegas and Denver. The Company has a distinguished legacy of more than 55 years of homebuilding operations, over which time it has sold in excess of 76,000 homes. For the nine months ended September 30, 2013, or the 2013 period, the Company had revenues from homes sales of $338.4 million, a 108% increase from $162.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, which includes the “Predecessor” entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the “Successor” entity from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, or the 2012 period, on a consolidated basis, which includes results from all five reportable operating segments. The Company had net new home orders of 1,030 homes in the 2013 period, a 14% increase from 902 in the 2012 period, and the average sales price for homes closed increased 35% to $349,300 in the 2013 period from $259,400 in the 2012 period. For the year ended December 31, 2012, which includes the “Predecessor” entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the “Successor” entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, or the 2012 period, on a combined basis, which includes results from all five reportable operating segments, the Company had revenues from homes sales of $261.3 million, a 26% increase from $207.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2011, or the 2011 period. The Company had net new home orders of 1,131 homes in the 2012 period, a 69% increase from 669 in the 2011 period, and the average sales price for homes closed decreased 18% to $275,100 in the 2012 period from $337,200 in the 2011 period.

The Company acquired Village Homes of Denver, Colorado on December 7, 2012, which marked the beginning of the Colorado segment. Financial data included herein as of December 31, 2012, and for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, includes operations of the Colorado segment from December 7, 2012 (date of acquisition) through December 31, 2012.

Chapter 11 Reorganization

On December 19, 2011, Parent and certain of its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions, or the Chapter 11 Petitions, in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware, or the Bankruptcy Court, to seek approval of the Plan of Parent and certain of its subsidiaries. Prior to filing the Chapter 11 Petitions, Parent’s wholly-owned subsidiary, William Lyon Homes, Inc., or California Lyon, was in default under the Prepetition Term Loan, due to its failure to comply with certain financial covenants in the Prepetition Term Loan. In addition, the Company became increasingly uncertain of its ability to repay or refinance its then-outstanding 7  5 / 8 % Senior Notes when they matured on December 15, 2012. Beginning in April 2010, California Lyon entered into a series of amendments and temporary waivers with the lenders under the Prepetition Term Loan related to these defaults, which prevented acceleration of the indebtedness outstanding under the Prepetition Term Loan and enabled the Company to negotiate a financial reorganization to be implemented through the bankruptcy process with its key constituents prior to the Chapter 11 Petitions. The Chapter 11 Petitions were jointly administered under the caption In re William Lyon Homes, et al. , Case No. 11-14019, or the Chapter 11 Cases. The sole purpose of the Chapter 11 Cases was to restructure the debt obligations and strengthen the balance sheet of the Parent and certain of its subsidiaries.

On February 10, 2012, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed the Plan. On February 25, 2012, Parent and its subsidiaries consummated the principal transactions contemplated by the Plan, including:

 

   

the issuance of 44,793,255 shares of Parent’s new Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or the Class A Common Stock, and $75 million aggregate principal amount of old notes, issued by California Lyon, in exchange for the claims held by the holders of the formerly outstanding notes of California Lyon;

 

   

the amendment of the Prepetition Term Loan, or the Amended Term Loan, which resulted, among other things, in the increase in the principal amount outstanding under the Prepetition Term Loan, the reduction in the interest rate payable under the Prepetition Term Loan, and the elimination of any prepayment penalty under the Prepetition Term Loan;

 

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the issuance, in exchange for cash and land deposits of $25 million, of 31,464,548 shares of Parent’s new Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or Class B Common Stock, and a warrant to purchase 15,737,294 shares of Class B Common Stock;

 

   

the issuance of 64,831,831 shares of Parent’s new Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or Convertible Preferred Stock, and 12,966,366 shares of Parent’s new Class C Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or Class C Common Stock, in exchange for aggregate cash consideration of $60 million; and

 

   

the issuance of an additional 3,144,000 shares of Class C Common Stock pursuant to an agreement with Luxor to backstop the offering of shares of Class C Common Stock and shares of Convertible Preferred Stock in connection with the Plan.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or U.S. GAAP, and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, and are presented on a going concern basis, which assumes the Company will be able to operate in the ordinary course of its business and realize its assets and discharge its liabilities for the foreseeable future.

Consequences of Chapter 11 Cases—Debtor in Possession Accounting

Accounting Standards Codification Topic 852-10-45, Reorganizations-Other Presentation Matters , which is applicable to companies in Chapter 11 proceedings, generally does not change the manner in which financial statements are prepared. However, it does require that the financial statements for the periods subsequent to the filing of the Chapter 11 Cases (defined below) distinguish transactions and events that are directly associated with the reorganization from the ongoing operations of the business. Amounts that can be directly associated with the reorganization and restructuring of the business must be reported separately as reorganization items in the statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2011 and all subsequent periods through the date of emergence. The balance sheet must distinguish pre-petition liabilities subject to compromise from both those pre-petition liabilities that are not subject to compromise and from post-petition liabilities. Liabilities that may be affected by a plan of reorganization must be reported at the amounts expected to be allowed, even if they may be settled for lesser amounts. In addition, cash provided or used by reorganization items must be disclosed separately in the statement of cash flows. The Company applied ASC 852-10-45 effective on December 19, 2011 and is segregating those items as outlined above for all reporting periods subsequent to such date through the date of emergence, as applicable.

The Predecessor consolidated financial statements included in the consolidated financial statements provide for the outcome of the Plan, in particular:

 

   

pre-petition liabilities, the amounts that will ultimately be allowed for claims or contingencies, or the status and priority thereof;

 

   

the reorganization items upon confirmation of the reorganization;

 

   

the fair value of all asset, liability and equity accounts and the effect of any changes that may be made in the capitalization.

In preparing the consolidated financial statements for the Predecessor, we applied ASC 852, which requires that the financial statements for periods subsequent to the reorganization filing distinguish transactions and events that were directly associated with the reorganization from the ongoing operations of the business. Accordingly, professional fees associated with the Plan, interest income earned during the reorganization process and certain gains and losses resulting from reorganization of our business have been reported separately as reorganization items. In addition, interest expense has been reported only to the extent that it was paid or expected to be paid during the reorganization process or that it is probable that it will be an allowed priority, secured, or unsecured claim under the Plan.

Upon emergence from the reorganization process, we adopted fresh start accounting in accordance with ASC 852. The adoption of fresh start accounting results in our becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, the Consolidated Financial Statements on or after February 25, 2012 are not comparable to the Consolidated Financial Statements prior to that date. See Note 2 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements”.

 

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Fresh start accounting requires resetting the historical net book value of assets and liabilities to fair value by allocating the entity’s reorganization value to its assets pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification Topic 805, Business Combinations , or ASC 805, and Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, or ASC 820. The excess reorganization value over the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible assets is recorded as goodwill on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Deferred taxes are determined in conformity with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 740, Income Taxes, or ASC 740. For additional information regarding the impact of fresh start accounting on our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2012, see Note 3 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”

Results of Operations

The U.S. housing market continues to improve from the cyclical low points reached during the 2008—2009 national recession. In 2011, early signs of a recovery began to materialize in many markets around the country as a result of an improving macroeconomic backdrop and excellent housing affordability. Historically, strong housing markets have been associated with great affordability, a healthy domestic economy, positive demographic trends such as population growth and household formation, falling mortgage rates, increases in renters that qualify as homebuyers and locally based dynamics such as housing demand relative to housing supply. Many markets across the U.S. are exhibiting most of these positive characteristics.

In the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company delivered 969 and 950 homes, respectively, with an average selling price of approximately $349,300 and $275,100, respectively, and recognized home sales revenues and total revenues of $338.4 million and $363.1 million, respectively, during the nine months ended September 30, 2013, and $261.3 million and $398.3 million, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2012. The Company has experienced significant operating momentum since the beginning of 2012, during which time a variety of key housing, employment and other related economic statistics in our markets have increasingly demonstrated signs of recovery. This rebound in market conditions, when combined with the Company’s disciplined operating strategy, has resulted in seven consecutive quarters of period over period growth in net new home orders, home closings and unit backlog. The improving market conditions and increase in pricing is reflected in our average sales price of homes in backlog of $445,600 at September 30, 2013 which is 28% higher than the average sales price of $349,300 for homes sold in the nine months ended September 30, 2013.

As of September 30, 2013 the Company was selling homes in 29 communities and had a consolidated backlog of 467 sold but unclosed homes, with an associated sales value of $208.1 million, representing a 13% and 92% increase in units and dollars, respectively, as compared to the backlog at September 30, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had a consolidated backlog of 406 sold but unclosed homes, with an associated sales value of $115.4 million. The Company believes that the attractive fundamentals in its markets, its leading market share positions, its long-standing relationships with land developers, its significant land supply and its focus on providing the best possible customer experience, positions the Company to capitalize on meaningful growth as the U.S. housing market continues to rebound.

The Company benefits from a sizeable and well-located lot supply. As of September 30, 2013, the Company owned 11,118 lots, all of which are entitled, and had options to purchase an additional 2,038 lots. The Company’s lot supply reflects its balanced approach to land investment. The Company has a diverse mix of finished lots available for near-term homebuilding operations and longer-term strategic land positions to support future growth. The Company believes that its current inventory of owned and controlled lots is sufficient to supply the vast majority of its projected future home closings for the next three years and a portion of future home closings for a multi-year period thereafter. The Company’s meaningful supply of owned lots allows it to be selective in identifying new land acquisition opportunities, with a primary focus on optioning and acquiring land to drive closings, revenues and earnings growth in 2015 and beyond, and largely insulates it from the heavy pricing competition for near-term finished lots.

The Company also benefits from an attractive book value basis in its inventory, which was adjusted to fair value in February 2012 in conjunction with the restructuring and in accordance with fresh start accounting requirements. To facilitate the adoption of fresh start accounting, the Company engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist in a comprehensive assessment of the Company’s enterprise value and the allocation of value to its assets and liabilities. In the assessment, the Company generally utilized assumptions for future home sales paces and prices based upon then-prevailing market conditions in late 2011, which represented conditions near the trough of the recent U.S. housing downturn. Homebuilding gross margin percentage and adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage was 20.8% and 27.0%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, as compared to 15.9% and 23.7%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. The increase in gross margins is primarily related to an increase in net sales prices during the period.

The Company acquired Village Homes of Denver, Colorado on December 7, 2012 which marked the Company’s entry into the Colorado market and the beginning of the Colorado segment. Financial data included herein as of December 31,

 

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2012, includes operations of the Colorado segment from December 7, 2012 (date of acquisition) through December 31, 2012. There were no operations in our Colorado division for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, therefore year over year comparisons are not meaningful (“N/M”) as indicated in the comparative tables below.

Comparisons of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 to September 30, 2012

Revenues from homes sales increased 108% to $338.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to $162.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2012. The increase is primarily due to a 55% increase in homes closed to 969 homes during the 2013 period compared to 627 homes during the 2012 period, along with an increase in the average sales price of homes closed to $349,300 in the 2013 period compared to $259,400 in the 2012 period. On a same store basis, average sales price has increased 4% to $285,700 in the 2013 period, from $275,700 in the 2012 period. The number of net new home orders for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 increased 14% to 1,030 homes from 902 homes for the nine months ended September 30, 2012.

The average number of sales locations of the Company increased to 23 locations for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to 19 for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 due to the addition of the Colorado division which added four new communities, and the addition of four communities in Arizona, offset by the close out of communities in California and Nevada.

In relation to the adoption of fresh start accounting in conjunction with the confirmation of the Plan, the results of operations for 2012 separately present the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 as Predecessor and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 as Successor. As such, the application of fresh start accounting is reflected in the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, 2012 and not the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012. The accounts reflected in the tables below, which include gross margin percentage, sales and marketing expense, and general and administrative expense, are affected by the fresh start accounting. Certain statistics including (i) net new home orders, (ii) average number of sales locations, (iii) backlog, (iv) number of homes closed, (v) homes sales revenue and (vi) average sales price of homes closed are not affected by the fresh start accounting. These items are described period over period “on a combined basis”, which combines the predecessor and successor entities for the nine months ended September 30, 2012.

 

     Successor     Combined     Successor     Predecessor      Increase (Decrease)  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
    Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2012
    Period from
February 25 through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
     Amount     %  

Number of Net New Home

             

Orders

             

Southern California

     310        208        170        38         102        49

Northern California

     105        165        142        23         (60     (36 %) 

Arizona

     301        324        231        93         (23     (7 %) 

Nevada

     222        205        184        21         17        8

Colorado

     92        —          —          —           92        N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     1,030        902        727        175         128        14
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

Cancellation Rate

     15     14          1  
  

 

 

   

 

 

        

 

 

   

The weekly average sales rates decreased slightly to 1.1 sales per project during the 2013 period, from 1.2 sales per project during the 2012 period. The increase in net new homes orders is driven by the addition of our Colorado division, the 49% improvement in Southern California, and the 8% improvement in Nevada. Total orders in Northern California decreased due to a 50% decrease in average sales locations, however sales per location increased in Northern California by 68% in the 2013 period. In Arizona, sales per location in the 2012 period were exceptionally high at 79.0, and have returned to a more normalized rate of 57.7 in the 2013 period. The increase in net new home orders positively impacts the number of homes in backlog, which are homes that will close in future periods. As new home orders and backlog increase, it has a positive impact on revenues and cash flow in future periods. Cancellation rates during the 2013 period increased to 15% from 14% during the 2012 period.

 

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    Successor              
    Nine Months Ended September 30,     Increase (Decrease)  
    2013     2012     Amount     %  

Average Number of Sales

       

Locations

       

Southern California

    6        6        —          —  

Northern California

    2        4        (2     (50 %) 

Arizona

    6        3        3        100

Nevada

    5        6        (1     (17 %) 

Colorado

    4        —          4        N/M   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

Total

    23        19        4        21
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

The average number of sales locations for the Company increased to 23 locations for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to 19 for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company opened 16 active selling communities, while closing out nine. Northern California decreased by two sales locations, and Nevada decreased by one sales location, in the 2013 period compared to the 2012 period, while Arizona increased by three sales locations in the 2013 period compared to the 2012 period, and Southern California remained consistent between periods. For the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Colorado division had four sales locations, with no comparable amount in the 2012 period.

 

     Successor               
     September 30,      Increase (Decrease)  
     2013      2012      Amount     %  

Backlog (units)

          

Southern California

     178         95         83        87

Northern California

     34         72         (38     (53 %) 

Arizona

     127         162         (35     (22 %) 

Nevada

     97         85         12        14

Colorado

     31         —           31        N/M   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     467         414         53        13
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

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The Company’s backlog at September 30, 2013 increased 13% to 467 units from 414 units at September 30, 2012. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase in net new home orders during the period driven by an increase in sales rate and an increase in the average number of communities in which the Company is actively selling. The Southern California division had a 130% increase in net new home orders, which contributed to an 87% increase in backlog. The addition of our Colorado division also contributed to the increase in backlog. The increase in backlog at September 30, 2013 reflects an increase in the number of homes closed to 356 during the three months ended September 30, 2013 from 268 during the three months ended September 30, 2012, and a 12% increase in total net new order activity to 312 homes during the three months ended September 30, 2013 from 279 homes during the three months ended September 30, 2012. All divisions continue their strong performance due to increased homebuyer confidence and demand.

 

     Successor               
     September 30,      Increase (Decrease)  
     2013      2012      Amount     %  

Backlog (dollars)

          

Southern California

   $ 113,769       $ 38,154       $ 75,615        198

Northern California

     14,007         20,754         (6,747     (33 %) 

Arizona

     33,776         31,551         2,225        7

Nevada

     32,828         17,912         14,916        83

Colorado

     13,701         —           13,701        N/M   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

   $ 208,081       $ 108,371       $ 99,710        92
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

The dollar amount of backlog of homes sold but not closed as of September 30, 2013 was $208.1 million, up 92% from $108.4 million as of September 30, 2012. The increase reflects an increase in average sales prices for new home orders, and the addition of our Colorado division. The Company experienced an increase of 70% in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $445,600 as of September 30, 2013 compared to $261,800 as of September 30, 2012. The increase is driven by a higher price point of our actively selling projects in two new communities in Southern California that opened during 2013, as well as an average sales price of homes in backlog in Colorado of $442,000 with no comparable amount in the three months ended September 30, 2012. The increase during this period also reflects a 13% increase in the number of homes in backlog to 467 homes as of September 30, 2013 compared to 414 homes as of September 30, 2012. The increase in the dollar amount of backlog of homes sold but not closed as described above generally results in an increase in operating revenues in the subsequent period as compared to the previous period.

In Southern California, the dollar amount of backlog increased 198% to $113.8 million as of September 30, 2013 from $38.2 million as of September 30, 2012, which is attributable to a 59% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $639,200 as of September 30, 2013 compared to $401,600 as of September 30, 2012, and a 130% increase in net new home orders to 138 for the three months ended September 30, 2013 compared to 60 homes for the three months ended September 30, 2012. In Southern California, the cancellation rate decreased to 9% for the three months ended September 30, 2013 from 24% for the three months ended September 30, 2012.

In Northern California, the dollar amount of backlog decreased 33% to $14.0 million as of September 30, 2013 from $20.8 million as of September 30, 2012, which is attributable to a 43% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $412,000 as of September 30, 2013 compared to $288,300 as of September 30, 2012, a 53% decrease in the number of units in backlog to 34 as of September 30, 2013 from 72 as of September 30, 2012, along with a 52% decrease in net new home orders in Northern California to 28 homes for the three months ended September 30, 2013 compared to 58 homes for the three months ended September 30, 2012. In Northern California, the cancellation rate increased to 26% for the three months ended September 30, 2013 from 18% for the three months ended September 30, 2012.

In Arizona, the dollar amount of backlog increased 7% to $33.8 million as of September 30, 2013 from $31.6 million as of September 30, 2012, which is attributable to a 37% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $266,000 as of September 30, 2013 compared to $194,800 as of September 30, 2012, partially offset by a 22% decrease in the number of units in backlog to 127 as of September 30, 2013 from 162 as of September 30, 2012, and an 11% decrease in net new home orders in Arizona to 72 homes during the three months ended September 30, 2013 compared to 81 homes during the three months ended September 30, 2012. In Arizona, the cancellation rate decreased to 14% for the three months ended September 30, 2013 from 15% for the three months ended September 30, 2012.

In Nevada, the dollar amount of backlog increased 83% to $32.8 million as of September 30, 2013 from $17.9 million as of September 30, 2012, which is attributable to a 14% increase in the number of units in backlog to 97 as of September 30, 2013

 

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from 85 as of September 30, 2012, and a 61% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $338,400 as of September 30, 2013 compared to $210,700 as of September 30, 2012. These increases were partially offset by a 23% decrease in net new home orders in Nevada to 62 homes during the three months ended September 30, 2013 compared to 80 homes during the three months ended September 30, 2012. In Nevada, the cancellation rate remained constant at 16% for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012.

In Colorado, the dollar amount of backlog was $13.7 million as of September 30, 2013, with no comparable amount as of September 30, 2012.

 

     Successor      Combined      Successor     Predecessor      Increase (Decrease)  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2012
     Period from
February 25 through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
     Amount     %  

Number of Homes Closed

               

Southern California

     164         135         122        13         29        21

Northern California

     99         118         103        15         (19     (16 %) 

Arizona

     346         237         210        27         109        46

Nevada

     217         137         125        12         80        58

Colorado

     143         —           —          —           143        N/M   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     969         627         560        67         342        55
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the number of homes closed increased 55% to 969 in the 2013 period from 627 in the 2012 period. The increase in home closings is primarily attributable to an increase in beginning backlog for the period of 192% to 406 units at December 31, 2012 compared to 139 units at December 31, 2011. Homes closed in Southern California increased to 164 homes closed in the 2013 period compared to 135 homes closed in the 2012 period, Arizona increased to 346 in the 2013 period from 237 in the 2012 period, and Nevada increased to 217 in the 2013 period compared to 137 in the 2012 period. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in homes closed in Northern California, to 99 homes closed in the 2013 period from 118 in the 2012 period. Colorado had 143 home closings during the 2013 period, with no comparable activity in the 2012 period.

 

     Successor      Combined      Successor     Predecessor      Increase (Decrease)  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2012
     Period from
February 25 through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
     Amount     %  
            (dollars in thousands)                     

Home Sales Revenue

               

Southern California

   $ 103,948       $ 61,640       $ 56,000      $ 5,640       $ 42,308        69

Northern California

     35,960         38,111         33,861        4,250         (2,151     (6 %) 

Arizona

     83,183         36,425         32,109        4,316         46,758        128

Nevada

     56,421         26,488         24,007        2,481         29,933        113

Colorado

     58,922         —           —          —           58,922        N/M   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

   $ 338,434       $ 162,664       $ 145,977      $ 16,687       $ 175,770        108
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

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The increase in homebuilding revenue of 108% to $338.4 million for the 2013 period from $162.7 million for the 2012 period is primarily attributable to a 55% increase in the number of homes closed to 969 during the 2013 period from 627 in the 2012 period, along with a 35% increase in the average sales price of homes closed to $349,300 during the 2013 period from $259,400 during the 2012 period, as well as the addition of our Colorado division. The increase in average home sales price resulted in a $87.1 million increase in revenue, as well as a $88.7 million increase in revenue attributable to a 55% increase in the number of homes closed.

 

     Successor      Combined      Successor     Predecessor      Increase (Decrease)  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2012
     Period from
February 25 through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
     Amount      %  

Average Sales Price of Homes Closed

                

Southern California

   $ 633,800       $ 456,600       $ 459,000      $ 433,800       $ 177,200         39

Northern California

     363,200         323,000         328,700        283,300         40,200         12

Arizona

     240,400         153,700         152,900        159,900         86,700         56

Nevada

     260,000         193,300         192,100        206,800         66,700         35

Colorado

     412,000         —           —          —           412,000         N/M   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total

   $ 349,300       $ 259,400       $ 260,700      $ 249,100       $ 89,900         35
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

The average sales price of homes closed for the 2013 period increased primarily due to increasing price points, or product mix, of our actively selling projects to projects available to first time buyers or first time “move up” buyers, particularly in California and Nevada. In the Southern California segment, the overall average sales price increase is primarily due to 21 closings in three new communities that opened in the first nine months of 2013 with an average sales price of over $1.0 million. The increase in average sales prices for the period was due to new projects that were released during the last quarter of 2012 and first nine months of 2013 with an average sales price of $331,300, which is above the prior period overall average of $275,700. On a same store basis, average sales prices increased 4% from $275,700 in the prior year period to $285,700 in the first nine months of 2013.

 

     Successor     Predecessor  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
    Period from
February 25 through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 

Homebuilding Gross Margin Percentage

      

Southern California

     26.1     13.6     11.8

Northern California

     25.0     24.5     14.6

Arizona

     18.2     13.9     11.6

Nevada

     22.3     14.3     12.0

Colorado

     11.3     N/M        N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     20.8     16.3     12.5
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted Homebuilding Gross Margin Percentage

     27.0     24.0     20.7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross margins were positively impacted in the Successor period by an increase in same store average sale prices. In assessing the inventory value, the Company generally utilized assumptions for future home sales paces and prices based upon then-prevailing market conditions in late 2011, which represented conditions near the trough of the recent U.S. housing downturn.

For homebuilding gross margins, the comparison of the Successor entity for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 are as follows:

 

   

In Southern California, homebuilding gross margins increased 1,250 basis points to 26.1% during the 2013 period compared to 13.6% during the 2012 period attributable to a shift to higher margin projects as well as same store average sales price increases of 23% to $493,600 in the 2013 period compared to $399,800 in the 2012 period. The higher margin projects have an increase in the average sales price per home closed of 38% from $459,000 in the 2012 period to $633,800 in the 2013 period, offset by a 9% increase in the average cost of homes closed from $429,200 in the 2012 period to $468,200 in the 2013 period.

 

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In Northern California, homebuilding gross margins increased 50 basis points to 25.0% in the 2013 period from 24.5% in the 2012 period. On a same store basis, average sales prices in one community increased 31% to $282,100 in the 2013 period compared to $214,800 in the 2012 period. The overall increase was due to a 10% increase in the average sales price of homes closed from $328,700 in the 2012 period to $363,200 in the 2013 period due to a change in product mix, and an increase in the average cost per home closed of 25% from $362,300 in the 2012 period to $289,500 in the 2013 period.

 

   

In Arizona, homebuilding gross margins increased 430 basis points to 18.2% in the 2013 period from 13.9% in the 2012 period attributable to a shift to higher margin projects. The increase was due to a 57% increase in the average sales price of homes closed of $240,400 in the 2013 period from $152,900 in the 2012 period, offset by an increase in the average cost per home closed of 48% from $132,700 in the 2012 period to $196,800 in the 2013 period.

 

   

In Nevada, homebuilding gross margins increased 800 basis points to 22.3% in the 2013 period from 14.3% in the 2012 period attributable to a shift to higher margin projects as well as same store average sales price increases of 14% to $242,300 in the 2013 period compared to $213,300 in the 2012 period. The higher margin projects have a 35% increase in the average sales price of homes closed of $260,000 in the 2013 period from $192,100 in the 2012 period, and an increase in the average cost per home closed of 19% from $169,200 in the 2012 period to $202,100 in the 2013 period.

 

   

In Colorado, homebuilding gross margins were 11.3% during the 2013 period, with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, which is lower than the gross margins of the other divisions. Upon acquisition of the Colorado division in December 2012, the Company marked up inventory to fair value which created lower margins in subsequent periods.

For homebuilding gross margins, the comparison of the Successor entity for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 are as follows:

 

   

In Southern California, homebuilding gross margins increased 1,430 basis points in the 2013 period to 26.1% from 11.8% in the 2012 period. Margins were slightly impacted by fresh start accounting on the real estate values, which decreased the cost basis on some properties in the division and increased the cost basis on others, and subsequently increased gross margins by 1.9% in the 2013 period. On a same store basis, average sales prices increased 32% to $493,600 in the 2013 period compared to $374,700 in the 2012 period. In addition, the Company has experienced increases in sales prices and decreases in incentives during 2013.

 

   

In Northern California, homebuilding gross margins increased 1,040 basis points in the 2013 period to 25.0% from 14.6% in the 2012 period. Margins were slightly impacted by fresh start accounting on the real estate values, which decreased the cost basis on some properties in the division and increased the cost basis on others, and subsequently decreased gross margins by 1.2% in the 2013 period. On a same store basis, average sales prices increased 31% to $282,100 in the 2013 period compared to $215,600 in the 2012 period. In addition, the Company has experienced increases in sales prices and decreases in incentives during 2013.

 

   

In Arizona, homebuilding gross margins increased 660 basis points in the 2013 period to 18.2% from 11.6% in the 2012 period. Margins were slightly impacted by fresh start accounting on the real estate values, which decreased the cost basis on some properties in the division and increased the cost basis on others, and subsequently decreased gross margins by 1.0% in the 2013 period. Average sales prices increased 50% to $240,400 in the 2013 period compared to $159,900 in the 2012 period. In addition, the Company has experienced increases in sales prices and decreases in incentives during 2013.

 

   

In Nevada, homebuilding gross margins increased 1,030 basis points in the 2013 period to 22.3% from 12.0% in the 2012 period. Margins were nominally impacted by fresh start accounting on the real estate values, which decreased the cost basis on some properties in the division and increased the cost basis on others. On a same store basis, average sales prices increased 1% to $242,300 in the 2013 period compared to $240,500 in the 2012 period. In addition, the Company has experienced increases in sales prices and decreases in incentives during 2013.

 

   

In Colorado, homebuilding gross margins were 11.3% during the 2013 period, with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, which is significantly lower than the gross margins of the other divisions. Upon acquisition of the Colorado division in December 2012, the Company marked up inventory to fair value which created lower margins in subsequent periods.

For the comparison of the Successor entity for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage, which excludes previously capitalized interest included in cost of sales, was 27.0% for the 2013 period compared to 24.0% for the 2012 period. The increase was primarily a result of the changes discussed for homebuilding gross margins described previously.

 

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For the comparison of the Successor entity for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage was 27.0% for the 2013 period compared to 20.7% for the 2012 period. The increase was primarily a result of the changes discussed for homebuilding gross margins described previously.

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin is a non-GAAP financial measure. The Company believes this information is meaningful as it isolates the impact that interest has on homebuilding gross margin and permits investors to make better comparisons with its competitors, who also break out and adjust gross margins in a similar fashion. See table set forth below reconciling this non-GAAP measure to homebuilding gross margin.

 

     Successor     Predecessor  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
    Period from
February 25 through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 
     (dollars in thousands)  

Home sales revenue

   $ 338,434      $ 145,977      $ 16,687   

Cost of home sales

     267,932        122,155        14,598   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Homebuilding gross margin

     70,502        23,822        2,089   

Add: Interest in cost of sales

     20,729        11,200        1,360   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin

   $ 91,231      $ 35,022      $ 3,449   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage

     27.0     24.0     20.7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Lots, Land, and Other Sales Revenue

The Company recorded $3.2 million of Lots, land and other sales revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to $100.1 million for the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 primarily attributable to the sale of a 27-acre parcel in Palo Alto and Mountain View, California, known as the former Mayfield Mall for a sales price of $90.0 million in the second quarter of 2012. The Company incurred $2.8 million worth of Cost of sales—lots, land and other for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to $93.0 million for the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 as a result of the decrease in sales.

Construction Services Revenue

Construction services revenue, which was all recorded in Southern California and Northern California, was $21.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, $16.5 million for the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, and $8.9 million for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012. The decrease is primarily due to a decrease in the number of construction services projects in the 2013 period, compared to the 2012 period.

Sales and Marketing Expense

 

     Successor     Predecessor  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
     Period from
February 25 through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 
     (in thousands)  

Sales and Marketing Expense

       

Homebuilding

       

Southern California

   $ 5,423       $ 3,656      $ 942   

Northern California

     2,091         1,772        463   

Arizona

     3,675         1,851        260   

Nevada

     3,015         1,556        279   

Colorado

     3,278         —          —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ 17,482       $ 8,835      $ 1,944   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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For the comparison of the Successor entity for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 to the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, sales and marketing expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenue decreased to 5.2% in the 2013 period compared to 6.1% in the 2012 period, reflecting the impact of higher housing revenues in the current period. This is primarily attributable to a decrease in commission expense as a percentage of home sales revenue to 3.3% in the 2013 period from 4.0% in the 2012 period due to an increase in average sales prices.

For the comparison of the Successor entity for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 to the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, sales and marketing expense as a percentage of revenue decreased to 5.2% in the 2013 period compared to 11.6 % in the 2012 period. This is primarily attributable to the cost of operating the sales models and base sales person compensation incurred on a monthly basis relative to the respective revenue in each period.

General and Administrative Expense

 

     Successor     Predecessor  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
     Period from
February 25 through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 
     (in thousands)  

General and Administrative

       

Expense

       

Homebuilding

       

Southern California

   $ 4,944       $ 2,527      $ 707   

Northern California

     1,625         850        222   

Arizona

     2,011         1,441        318   

Nevada

     2,382         1,467        357   

Colorado

     1,613         —          —     

Corporate

     15,441         7,640        1,698   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ 28,016       $ 13,925      $ 3,302   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

For the comparison of the Successor entity for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 to the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, general and administrative expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenues decreased to 8.3% in the 2013 period compared to 9.5% in the 2012 period, reflecting the impact of higher housing revenues in the current period and lower outside services and professional fees in the 2013 period as compared to the 2012 period, partially offset by an increase in salaries and benefits in the 2013 period.

For the comparison of the Successor entity for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 to the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, general and administrative expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenues decreased to 8.3% in the 2013 period compared to 19.8% in the 2012 period. This is primarily attributable to the fixed costs of salaries and benefits incurred on a monthly basis relative to the respective revenue in each period.

Other Items

Other operating costs remained relatively consistent at $1.7 million in the 2013 period compared to $2.4 million in the 2012 period.

Interest activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Successor     Predecessor  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
     Period from
February 25 through
September 30, 2012
    Period from
January 1 through
February 24, 2012
 

Interest incurred

   $ 22,511       $ 22,336      $ 7,145   

Less: Interest capitalized

     19,909         15,009        4,638   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

   $ 2,602       $ 7,327      $ 2,507   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest

   $ 14,854       $ 18,061      $ 8,924   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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The decrease in interest incurred for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, compared to the interest incurred for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 reflects a decrease in interest rates, as well as a decrease in the Company’s overall debt. Interest capitalized relative to the amount incurred was higher in the 2013 period due to higher qualifying assets in the 2013 period as compared to the 2012 period.

Reorganization Items

During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company incurred $0.5 million in reorganization costs, compared to $1.9 million during the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 for legal and professional fees. During the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the Company recorded reorganization items of $233.5 million associated with or resulting from the reorganization and restructuring of the business, which primarily consists of a gain of approximately $298.8 million that resulted from cancellation of debt. The overall gain was partially offset by approximately $49.3 million in adjustments related to plan implementation and fresh start adjustments, approximately $7.8 million in professional fees, and approximately $8.3 million of debt financing cost write-off.

Provision for Income Taxes

During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company recorded a Provision for income taxes of $6.4 million. The provision is the result of positive operating results in the current year, and a one-time election made in 2013 to accelerate cancellation of debt income in the Company’s 2012 federal tax return. The Company did not record any Provision for income taxes during the 2012 period.

Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest increased to $4.9 million during the 2013 period, from $2.0 million during the 2012 period. This is primarily due to the joint venture, Lyon Branches, LLC, which was formed in June 2012 thus contributing a full nine months of income during the 2013 period as compared to less than one month of income in the 2012 period.

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to William Lyon Homes

As a result of the foregoing factors, net income (loss) attributable to William Lyon Homes for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, for the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, was net income of $12.4 million, a net loss of $7.6 million, and net income of $228.4 million, respectively.

Preferred Stock Dividends

The preferred stock dividends were $1.5 million in the 2013 period compared to $1.8 million in the 2012 period. The decrease in the 2013 period is attributed to approximately 5 months of dividends, from January 2013 through the Company’s IPO on May 21, 2013, as compared to approximately 7 months of dividends in the 2012 successor period.

 

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Table of Contents

Lots Owned and Controlled

The table below summarizes the Company’s lots owned and controlled as of the periods presented:

 

     Successor               
     September 30,      Increase (Decrease)  
     2013      2012      Amount     %  

Lots Owned

          

Southern California

     1,186         1,027         159        15

Northern California

     869         320         549        172

Arizona

     5,653         6,247         (594     (10 %) 

Nevada

     2,864         2,940         (76     (3 %) 

Colorado

     546         —           546        N/M   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     11,118         10,534         584        6
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Lots Controlled(1)

          

Southern California

     577         193         384        199

Northern California

     684         674        10        1

Arizona

     220         —           220        100

Nevada

     215         —           215        100

Colorado

     342         —           342        N/M   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     2,038         867         1,171        135
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total Lots Owned and Controlled

     13,156         11,401         1,755        15
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

(1) Lots controlled may be purchased by the Company as consolidated projects or may be purchased by newly formed joint ventures.

Total lots owned and controlled has increased 15% to 13,156 lots owned and controlled at September 30, 2013 from 11,401 lots at September 30, 2012. The increase is primarily attributable to significant land acquisitions, most notably in our Northern California Segment. During the three months ended September 30, 2013, we acquired approximately 547 lots in Newark, CA. The increase is also due to lots acquired through the purchase of Village Homes in December 2012, offset by the closing of 1,292 homes since September 30, 2012.

Comparisons of the Year Ended December 31, 2012 to December 31, 2011

On a combined basis, which combines the predecessor and successor entities for the year ended December 31, 2012, revenues from homes sales increased 26% to $261.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to $207.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase is primarily due to an increase of 55% in homes closed to 950 homes during the 2012 period compared to 614 homes during the 2011 period, offset by a decrease in the average sales price of homes closed to $275,100 in the 2012 period compared to $337,200 in the 2011 period. On a combined basis, the number of net new home orders for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased 69% to 1,131 homes from 669 homes for the year ended December 31, 2011.

The average number of sales locations of the Company decreased to 18 locations for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 19 at December 31, 2011. The Company’s number of new home orders per average sales location increased 78% to 62.8 for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to 35.2 for the year ended December 31, 2011.

 

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Table of Contents

In relation to the adoption of fresh start accounting in conjunction with the confirmation of the Plan, the results of operations for 2012 separately present the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 as Predecessor and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 as Successor. As such, the application of fresh start accounting as described in Note 3 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” is reflected in the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and not the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012. The accounts reflected in the tables below, include gross margin percentage, sales and marketing expense, and general and administrative expense, are affected by the fresh start accounting. Certain statistics including (i) net new home orders, (ii) average number of sales locations, (iii) backlog, (iv) number of homes closed, (v) homes sales revenue and (vi) average sales price of homes closed are not affected by the fresh start accounting. These items are described period over period “on a combined basis”, which combines the Predecessor and Successor entities for the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

     Successor     Predecessor      Combined     Predecessor     Increase (Decrease)  
     Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
    Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
     Year Ended
December 31,
    Amount     %  
          2012     2011      

Number of Net New Home Orders

             

Southern California

     213        38         251        211        40        19

Northern California

     165        23         188        147        41        28

Arizona

     322        93         415        202        213        105

Nevada

     247        21         268        109        159        146

Colorado

     9        —           9        —          9        N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

Total

     956        175         1,131        669        462        69
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

Cancellation Rate

          14     18     (4 %)   
       

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

Net new home orders in each segment increased period over period primarily attributable to improving market conditions. Excluding our Colorado division which only had sales activity from December 7, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the weekly average sales rates for the period were 1.2 sales per project during the 2012 period compared to 0.7 sales per project during the 2011 period. In Arizona, net new home orders more than doubled from 202 in the 2011 period to 415 in the 2012 period driven by the opening of three new projects in the second quarter of 2012 and an additional three new projects in the fourth quarter of 2012. In Nevada, net new home orders more than doubled from 109 in the 2011 period to 268 in the 2012 period. The increase in net new home orders is due to an improvement in the housing market and overall homebuyer demand. In addition, we have opened new communities in well located areas with strong homebuyer demand. The increase in net new home orders positively impacts the number of homes in backlog, which are homes that will close in future periods. As new home orders and backlog increase, it has a positive impact on revenues and cash flow in future periods.

Cancellation rates during the 2012 period decreased to 14% from 18% during the 2011 period. The change includes a decrease in Southern California’s cancellation rate to 15% in the 2012 period compared to 24% in the 2011 period, a decrease in Nevada’s cancellation rate to 14% in the 2012 period from 20% in the 2011 period, offset by an increase in Northern California’s cancellation rate to 23% in the 2012 period from 18% in the 2011 period and an increase in Arizona’s cancellation rate to 10% in the 2012 period from 7% in the 2011 period. The cancellation rate in Colorado was 10% in the 2012 period, with no comparable amount in the 2011 period. The overall lower cancellation rate is due to an increase in the number of highly qualified, credit worthy customers purchasing homes.

 

     Successor     Predecessor      Increase (Decrease)  
     Year Ended December 31,     
     2012     2011      Amount     %  

Average Number of Sales Locations

         

Southern California

     6        7         (1     (14 %) 

Northern California

     3        4         (1     (25 %) 

Arizona

     3        2         1        50

Nevada

     6        6         —          0
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     18        19         (1     (5 %) 
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

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Table of Contents

The average number of sales locations for the Company decreased to 18 locations for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 19 at December 31, 2011. Southern California and Northern California each decreased by one sales location in the 2012 period compared to the 2011 period, while Arizona increased by one sales location and Nevada remained consistent in the 2012 period compared to the 2011 period. As of December 31, 2012, the Colorado division had five sales locations, however it is not included in the table above as there were only operations from December 7, 2012 (date of acquisition) through December 31, 2012.

 

     Successor     Predecessor      Increase (Decrease)  
     December 31,     
     2012     2011      Amount      %  

Backlog (units)

          

Southern California

     32        22         10         45

Northern California

     28        25         3         12

Arizona

     172        75         97         129

Nevada

     92        17         75         441

Colorado

     82        —           82         N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total

     406        139         267         192
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

The Company’s backlog at December 31, 2012 increased 192% from 139 units at December 31, 2011 to 406 units at December 31, 2012. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase in net new home orders during the period driven by the Nevada division, which had a 146% increase in net new home orders, which contributed to a 441% increase in backlog, and the Arizona division, which had a 105% increase in net new home orders, which contributed to a 129% increase in backlog. The increase in backlog at year end reflects an increase in the number of homes closed to 950 during the year ended December 31, 2012 from 614 during the year ended December 31, 2011, and a 69% increase in total net new order activity to 1,131 homes during the year ended December 31, 2012 from 669 homes during the year ended December 31, 2011. All divisions showed improved performance due to increased homebuyer confidence and improvement in all of our markets.

 

     Successor     Predecessor      Increase (Decrease)  
   December 31,     
     2012     2011      Amount      %  
           (dollars in thousands)         

Backlog (dollars)

          

Southern California

   $ 15,640      $ 8,148       $ 7,492         92

Northern California

     8,948        7,125         1,823         26

Arizona

     37,287        10,294         26,993         262

Nevada

     20,487        3,762         16,725         445

Colorado

     33,087        —           33,087         N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total

   $ 115,449      $ 29,329       $ 86,120         294
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

The dollar amount of backlog of homes sold but not closed as of December 31, 2012 was $115.4 million, up 294% from $29.3 million as of December 31, 2011. The increase during this period reflects a 192% increase in the number of homes in backlog to 406 homes as of December 31, 2012 compared to 139 homes as of December 31, 2011. The increase in the dollar amount of backlog reflects an increase in average sales prices for new home orders. The Company experienced an increase of 35% in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $284,400 as of December 31, 2012 compared to $211,000 as of December 31, 2011. The increase is driven by a higher price point of our actively selling projects in Arizona in three new communities that opened in 2012, as well as an average sales price of homes in backlog in Colorado of $403,500 with no comparable amount in the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase in the dollar amount of backlog of homes sold but not closed as described above generally results in an increase in operating revenues in the subsequent period as compared to the previous period.

In Southern California, the dollar amount of backlog increased 92% to $15.6 million as of December 31, 2012 from $8.1 million as of December 31, 2011, which is attributable to a 45% increase in the number of homes in backlog in Southern California to 32 homes as of December 31, 2012 compared to 22 homes as of December 31, 2011, and a 19% increase in net new home orders to 251 for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 211 homes for the year ended December 31, 2011, and a 32% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $488,800 as of December 31, 2012 compared to $370,400 as of December 31, 2011. In Southern California, the cancellation rate decreased to 15% for the year ended December 31, 2012 from 24% for the year ended December 31, 2011.

 

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In Northern California, the dollar amount of backlog increased 26% to $8.9 million as of December 31, 2012 from $7.1 million as of December 31, 2011, which is attributable to a 12% increase in the number of units in backlog to 28 as of December 31, 2012 from 25 as of December 31, 2011, along with a 12% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $319,600 as of December 31, 2012 compared to $285,000 as of December 31, 2011, as well as a 28% increase in net new home orders in Northern California to 188 homes for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 147 homes for the year ended December 31, 2011. In Northern California, the cancellation rate increased to 23% for the year ended December 31, 2012 from 18% for the year ended December 31, 2011.

In Arizona, the dollar amount of backlog increased 262% to $37.3 million as of December 31, 2012 from $10.3 million as of December 31, 2011, which is attributable to a 129% increase in the number of units in backlog to 172 as of December 31, 2012 from 75 as of December 31, 2011, along with a 105% increase in net new home orders in Arizona to 415 homes during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 202 homes during the year ended December 31, 2011, and a 58% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $216,800 as of December 31, 2012 compared to $137,300 as of December 31, 2011. In Arizona, the cancellation rate increased to 10% for the year ended December 31, 2012 from 7% for the year ended December 31, 2011.

In Nevada, the dollar amount of backlog increased 445% to $20.5 million as of December 31, 2012 from $3.8 million as of December 31, 2011, which is attributable to a 441% increase in the number of units in backlog to 92 as of December 31, 2012 from 17 as of December 31, 2011, along with a 146% increase in net new home orders in Nevada to 268 homes during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 109 homes during the year ended December 31, 2011, and a slight increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $222,700 as of December 31, 2012 compared to $221,300 as of December 31, 2011. In Nevada, the cancellation rate decreased to 14% for the year ended December 31, 2012 from 20% for the year ended December 31, 2011.

In Colorado, the dollar amount of backlog was $33.1 million as of December 31, 2012, with no comparable amount as of December 31, 2011.

 

    Successor           Predecessor     Combined     Predecessor     Increase (Decrease)  
    Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
          Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
    Year Ended
December 31,
    Amount     %  
          2012     2011      

Number of Homes Closed

               

Southern California

    228            13        241        223        18        8

Northern California

    170            15        185        141        44        31

Arizona

    291            27        318        135        183        136

Nevada

    181            12        193        115        78        68

Colorado

    13            —          13        —          13        N/M   
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

Total

    883            67        950        614        336        55
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

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During the year ended December 31, 2012, the number of homes closed increased 55% to 950 in the 2012 period from 614 in the 2011 period. The increase in home closings is primarily attributable to an increase in beginning backlog for the period of 65% to 139 units at December 31, 2011 compared to 84 units at December 31, 2010. There was a 136% increase in Arizona to 318 homes closed in the 2012 period compared to 135 homes closed in the 2011 period, a 31% increase in homes closed in Northern California to 185 in the 2012 period from 141 in the 2011 period, and a 68% increase in homes closed in Nevada to 193 in the 2012 period compared to 115 in the 2011 period. Colorado had 13 home closings during the 2012 period, with no comparable activity in the 2011 period.

 

     Successor            Predecessor      Combined      Predecessor      Increase (Decrease)  
     Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
           Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
     Year Ended
December 31,
     Amount     %  
             2012      2011       
                  (dollars in thousands)  

Home Sales Revenue

                    

Southern California

   $ 99,671           $ 5,640       $ 105,311       $ 110,969       $ (5,658     (5 %) 

Northern California

     54,207             4,250         58,457         54,141         4,316        8

Arizona

     47,989             4,316         52,305         20,074         32,231        161

Nevada

     37,307             2,481         39,788         21,871         17,917        82

Colorado

     5,436             —           5,436         —           5,436        N/M   
  

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

   $ 244,610           $ 16,687       $ 261,297       $ 207,055       $ 54,242        26
  

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

The increase in homebuilding revenue of 26% to $261.3 million for the period ending 2012 from $207.1 million for the period ending 2011 is primarily attributable to a 55% increase in the number of homes closed to 950 during the 2012 period from 614 in the 2011 period, offset by an 18% decrease in the average sales price of homes closed to $275,100 during the 2012 period from $337,200 during the 2011 period. The decrease in average home sale price resulted in a $59.0 million decrease in revenue, offset by a $113.2 million increase in revenue attributable to a 55% increase in the number of homes closed.

 

     Successor            Predecessor      Combined      Predecessor      Increase (Decrease)  
     Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
           Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
     Year Ended
December 31,
     Amount     %  
             2012      2011       

Average Sales Price of Homes Closed

                    

Southern California

   $ 437,200           $ 433,800       $ 437,000       $ 497,600       $ (60,600     (12 %) 

Northern California

     318,900             283,300         316,000         384,000         (68,000     (18 %) 

Arizona

     164,900             159,900         164,500         148,700         15,800        11

Nevada

     206,100             206,800         206,200         190,200         16,000        8

Colorado

     418,200             —           418,200         —           418,200        N/M   
  

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

   $ 277,000           $ 249,100       $ 275,100       $ 337,200       $ (62,100     (18 %) 
  

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

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The average sales price of homes closed for the 2012 period decreased primarily due to a lower price point of our actively selling projects to projects available to first time buyers or first time “move up” buyers. In the Southern California and Northern California segments, the overall average sales price decrease is primarily due to a change in product mix, in which the number of homes closed with a sale price in excess of $500,000 was 153 in the 2011 period and 81 in the 2012 period. The decrease in average sales prices for the period was due to new projects that were released during 2012 with an average sales price of $326,900, which is below the prior period average of $337,200.

 

     Successor            Predecessor     Predecessor  
     Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
           Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
    Year
Ended
December 31,
2011
 

Homebuilding Gross Margin Percentage

           

Southern California

     16.1          11.8     10.9

Northern California

     22.8          14.6     11.1

Arizona

     13.2          11.6     11.8

Nevada

     15.7          12.0     9.7

Colorado

     14.9          —          —     
  

 

 

        

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     16.9          12.5     10.9
  

 

 

        

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted Homebuilding Gross Margin Percentage

     26.2          20.7     19.6
  

 

 

        

 

 

   

 

 

 

For homebuilding gross margins, the comparison of the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011 are as follows:

 

   

In Southern California, homebuilding gross margins increased to 16.1% during the 2012 period compared to 10.9% during the 2011 period. Margins were slightly impacted by fresh start accounting on the real estate values, which decreased the cost basis on some properties in the division and increased the cost basis on others, and subsequently increased gross margins by 0.9%. Average sales price of homes closed in Southern California for new projects released during 2012 was $585,400 as compared to prior period average sales price of homes closed of $497,600. In addition, the Company experienced increases in sales prices and decreases in incentives during 2012.

 

   

In Northern California, homebuilding gross margins more than doubled to 22.8% in the 2012 period due to (i) the impact of fresh start accounting on the real estate values, which decreased the cost basis in each property in the division, and subsequently increased gross margins by 4.6%, and (ii) cost savings from previously closed out projects. In addition, the Company experienced increases in sales prices and decreases in incentives during 2012.

 

   

In Arizona, homebuilding gross margins remained relatively consistent due to the impact of fresh start accounting on the real estate values, which increased the cost basis in each property in the division, and subsequently decreased gross margins by 1.1%, and an 11% increase in average sales price of homes closed. Average sales price of homes closed in Arizona for new projects released during 2012 was $217,000 as compared to prior period average sales price of homes closed of $148,700. In addition, the Company experienced increases in sales prices and decreases in incentives during 2012.

 

   

In Nevada, homebuilding gross margins increased 6.0% due to the impact of fresh start accounting on the real estate values, which decreased the cost basis on some properties in the division and increased the cost basis on others, and subsequently increased gross margins by 0.8%, and an increase in average sales prices in Nevada from $190,200 in the 2011 period to $206,100 in the 2012 period. In addition, the Company experienced increases in sales prices and decreases in incentives during 2012.

 

   

In Colorado, homebuilding gross margins were 14.9% during the 2012 period, with no comparable amount in the 2011 period.

For homebuilding gross margins, the comparison of the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011 are as follows:

 

   

In Southern California, homebuilding gross margins remained relatively consistent due to a 13% decrease in the average sales price of homes closed of $433,800 in the 2012 period from $497,600 in the 2011 period, offset by a decrease in the average cost per home closed of 14% from $443,500 in the 2011 period to $382,500 in the 2012 period.

 

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In Northern California, homebuilding gross margins increased 3.5% in the 2012 period due to a decrease in the average cost per home closed of 29% from $341,400 in the 2011 period to $241,900 in the 2012 period, offset by a 26% decrease in the average sales price of homes closed of $283,300 in the 2012 period from $384,000 in the 2011 period.

 

   

In Arizona, homebuilding gross margins remained relatively consistent due to an increase in the average cost per home closed of 8% from $131,200 in the 2011 period to $141,100 in the 2012 period, offset by an 8% increase in the average sales price of homes closed to $159,900 in the 2012 period from $148,700 in the 2011 period.

 

   

In Nevada, homebuilding gross margins increased 2.3% in the 2012 period due to a 9% increase in the average sales price of homes closed of $206,800 in the 2012 period from $190,200 in the 2011 period, offset by an increase in the average cost per home closed of 6% from $171,800 in the 2011 period to $181,900 in the 2012 period.

For the comparison of the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage, which excludes previously capitalized interest included in cost of sales, was 26.2% for the 2012 period compared to 19.6% for the 2011 period. The increase was primarily a result of the changes discussed for homebuilding gross margins described previously.

For the comparison of the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage was 20.7% for the 2012 period compared to 19.6% for the 2011 period.

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin is a non-GAAP financial measure. The Company believes this information is meaningful as it isolates the impact that interest has on homebuilding gross margin and permits investors to make better comparisons with its competitors, who also break out and adjust gross margins in a similar fashion. See table set forth below reconciling this non-GAAP measure to homebuilding gross margin.

 

    Successor           Predecessor     Predecessor  
    Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
          Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
    Year
Ended
December 31,
2011
 
                (dollars in thousands)  

Home sales revenue

  $ 244,610          $ 16,687      $ 207,055   

Cost of home sales

    203,203            14,598        184,489   
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

 

Homebuilding gross margin

    41,407            2,089        22,566   

Add: Interest in cost of sales

    22,728            1,360        18,082   
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin

  $ 64,135          $ 3,449      $ 40,648   
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage

    26.2         20.7     19.6
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

 

Lots, Land, and Other Sales Revenue

Lots, land and other sales increased to $104.3 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period primarily attributable to the sale of a 27-acre parcel in Palo Alto and Mountain View, California for a sales price of $90.0 million in the second quarter of 2012, the sale of 58 lots in Mesa, Arizona for a sales price of $6.5 million in the third quarter of 2012, the sale of 40 lots in Elk Grove, California for a sales price of $2.8 million in the third quarter of 2012, and the sale of 84 lots in Peoria, Arizona for a sales price of $4.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2012. As a result of the sales described above, cost of sales—lots, land and other increased to $94.8 million, which includes adjustments to land basis for fresh start accounting, in the 2012 period compared to a negligible amount in the 2011 period.

Construction Services Revenue

Construction services revenue, which was all recorded in Southern California and Northern California, was $23.8 million for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and $8.9 million for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 compared to $19.8 million in the 2011 period. The increase is primarily due to an increase in the number of construction services projects in the 2012 period, compared to the 2011 period. In Northern California, the Company started construction on one project which contributed approximately $14.4 million in the 2012 period. See Note 1 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for further discussion.

 

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Table of Contents

Impairment Loss on Real Estate Assets

 

    Successor           Predecessor     Predecessor  
    Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
          Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
    Year
Ended
December 31,
2011
 
                (in thousands)  

Land under development and homes completed and under construction

         

Southern California

  $ —            $ —        $ 17,962   

Northern California

    —              —          2,074   

Arizona

    —              —          10,650   

Nevada

    —              —          4,149   
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $ —            $ —        $ 34,835   

Land held for future development or sold

         

Arizona

    —              —          76,957   

Nevada

    —              —          16,522   
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    —              —          93,479   
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total impairment loss on real estate assets

  $ —            $ —        $ 128,314   
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

 

The Company evaluates homebuilding assets for impairment when indicators of impairments are present. Indicators of potential impairment include, but are not limited to, a decrease in housing market values, sales absorption rates, and sales prices. On February 24, 2012, the Company adopted fresh start accounting under ASC 852 and recorded all real estate inventories at fair value. Subsequent to February 24, 2012 and throughout each quarter of 2012, there were no indicators of impairment, as sales prices and sales absorption rates have improved and incentives have decreased. For the 2012 period, there were no impairment charges recorded.

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recorded impairment loss on real estate assets of $128.3 million. The impairment loss related to land under development and homes completed and under construction recorded during the year ended December 31, 2011, resulted from (i) in certain projects, a decrease in home sales prices related to increased incentives and (ii) a decrease in sales absorption rates which increased the length of time of the project and increased period costs related to the project. During 2011, the Company updated project budgets and cash flows of each real estate project on a quarterly basis to determine whether the estimated remaining undiscounted future cash flows of the project are more or less than the carrying amount (net book value) of the asset. If the undiscounted cash flows were more than the net book value of the project, then there was no impairment. If the undiscounted cash flows were less than the net book value of the asset, then the asset was deemed to be impaired and was written-down to its fair value. During the 2011 period, the Company adjusted discount rates to a range of 18% to 22%.

The impairment loss related to land held for future development or sold during the year ended December 31, 2011, resulted from the reduced value of the land in the project. The Company values land held for future development using, (i) projected cash flows with the strategy of selling the land, on a finished or unfinished basis, or building out the project, (ii) recent, legitimate offers received, (iii) prices for land in recent comparable sales transactions, and other factors. In addition, the Company may use appraisals to best determine the as-is value. The Company continues to evaluate land values to determine whether to hold for development or to sell at current prices, which may lead to additional impairment on real estate assets.

 

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Table of Contents

Sales and Marketing Expense

 

    Successor           Predecessor     Predecessor  
    Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
          Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
    Year
Ended
December 31,
2011
 
                (in thousands)  

Sales and Marketing Expense

         

Homebuilding

         

Southern California

  $ 5,796          $ 942      $ 8,480   

Northern California

    2,732            463        4,227   

Arizona

    2,805            260        1,318   

Nevada

    2,291            279        2,823   

Colorado

    304            —          —     
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $ 13,928          $ 1,944      $ 16,848   
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

 

For the comparison of the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, sales and marketing expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenue decreased to 5.7% in the 2012 period compared to 8.1% in the 2011 period. This is primarily attributable to a decrease in advertising expense to $2.9 million in the 2012 period compared to $5.8 million in the 2011 period, due to cost reduction efforts to use more economically efficient platforms for advertising. Such decrease is partially offset by an increase in commission expense to $9.5 million in the 2012 period from $7.9 million in the 2011 period, due to a 55% increase in home closings in the 2012 period.

For the comparison of the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, sales and marketing expense as a percentage of revenue increased to 11.6% in the 2012 period compared to 8.1 % in the 2011 period. This is primarily attributable to the cost of operating the sales models and base sales person compensation incurred on a monthly basis relative to the respective revenue in each period.

General and Administrative Expense

 

    Successor           Predecessor     Predecessor  
    Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
          Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
    Year
Ended
December 31,
2011
 
                (in thousands)  

General and Administrative Expense

         

Homebuilding

         

Southern California

  $ 3,540          $ 707      $ 3,665   

Northern California

    1,098            222        1,388   

Arizona

    2,102            318        1,884   

Nevada

    2,114            357        2,349   

Colorado

    235            —          —     

Corporate

    17,006            1,698        13,125   
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $ 26,095          $ 3,302      $ 22,411   
 

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

 

For the comparison of the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, general and administrative expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenues, remained consistent at 10.7% in the 2012 period and 10.8% in the 2011 period, reflecting the impact of higher housing revenues in the current period, partially offset by $3.7 million in stock based compensation expense recorded in the fourth quarter of 2012.

For the comparison of the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, general and administrative expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenues increased to 19.8% in the 2012 period compared to 10.8% in the 2011 period. This is primarily attributable to the fixed costs of salaries and benefits incurred on a monthly basis relative to the respective revenue in each period.

 

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Table of Contents

Other Items

Combined other operating costs remained relatively consistent at $3.1 million in the 2012 period compared to $4.0 million in the 2011 period.

Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures was $0 in the 2012 period compared to income of $3.6 million during the 2011 period. The income during the 2011 period was primarily due to the sale of the Company’s interest in one of its unconsolidated joint ventures.

During the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the Company incurred interest of $30.5 million and $7.1 million, respectively. During the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the Company capitalized interest of $21.4 million and $4.6 million, respectively. During the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the Company recorded interest expense of $9.1 million and $2.5 million, respectively. During the 2011 period, the Company incurred interest related to its outstanding debt of $61.4 million, of which $36.9 million was capitalized, resulting in net interest expense of $24.5 million. The decrease in interest expense in the 2012 period as compared to the 2011 period is primarily attributable to the lower interest rate and reduced outstanding debt obtained as a result of the debt restructuring in the 2012 period.

Reorganization Items

During the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the Company recorded reorganization items of $233.5 million associated with or resulting from the reorganization and restructuring of the business. During the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the Company incurred reorganization costs of $2.5 million for legal and professional fees. The Company incurred reorganization costs of $21.2 million for legal and professional fees during the year ended December 31, 2011.

Noncontrolling Interest

For the comparison of the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, net income attributable to noncontrolling interest increased to income of $2.0 million in the 2012 period compared to income of $0.4 million in the 2011 period. The change is primarily due to an increase in the numbers of homes closed in consolidated joint ventures to 45 in the 2012 period from 29 in the 2011 period.

Preferred Stock Dividends

The preferred stock dividends were $2.7 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period due to the issuance of preferred stock in conjunction with the Company’s reorganization.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board ASC 740 , Income Taxes, using an asset and liability approach. Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards measured by applying currently enacted tax laws. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce net deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized. In 2012 and 2011, the Company only paid $11,000 and $10,000, respectively, in minimum tax payments for the year.

Net (Loss) Income Attributable to William Lyon Homes

Net income includes reorganization items of approximately $233.5 million for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 which primarily consists of a gain of approximately $298.8 million which resulted from cancellation of debt. The overall gain was partially offset by approximately $49.3 million in adjustments related to plan implementation and fresh start adjustments, approximately $7.8 million in professional fees, and approximately $8.3 million of debt financing cost write-off. For the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, net loss includes reorganization items of $2.5 million which consist of professional fees relating to the restructuring. As a result of the foregoing factors, net (loss) income attributable to William Lyon Homes for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, was a net loss of $8.9 million and net income of $228.4 million, respectively, compared to net loss for the year ended December 31, 2011 of $193.3 million.

 

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Lots Owned and Controlled

The table below summarizes the Company’s lots owned and controlled as of the periods presented:

 

     Successor            Predecessor      Increase (Decrease)  
   December 31,     
     2012            2011      Amount     %  

Lots Owned

              

Southern California

     1,114             713         401        56

Northern California

     259             767         (508     (66 %) 

Arizona

     6,082             6,194         (112     (2 %) 

Nevada

     2,884             2,676         208        8

Colorado

     254             —           254        N/M   
  

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     10,593             10,350         243        2
  

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

   

Lots Controlled(1)

              

Southern California

     96             114         (18     (16 %) 

Northern California

     674             —           674        100

Colorado

     479             —           479        N/M   
  

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     1,249             114         1,135        996
  

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total Lots Owned and Controlled

     11,842             10,464         1,378        13
  

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

(1) Lots controlled may be purchased by the Company as consolidated projects or may be purchased by newly formed joint ventures.

Total lots owned and controlled has increased 13% to 11,842 lots owned and controlled at December 31, 2012 from 10,464 lots at December 31, 2011. The increase is primarily due to certain lot acquisitions during the period, and the lots acquired through the purchase of Village Homes in December 2012, offset by the closing of 950 homes during the 2012 period.

Comparisons of Years Ended December 31, 2011 and 2010

On a consolidated basis, homes sales revenue decreased $59.8 million to $207.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2011 compared to $266.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. The decrease is primarily attributable to a decrease in homes closed of 19% to 614 homes for the year ended December 31, 2011 from 760 homes for the year ended December 31, 2010 and a decrease in average sales price of 4% to $337,200 in the year ended December 31, 2011, from $351,100 in the year ended December 31, 2010. The number of net new home orders for the year ended December 31, 2011 increased 3% to 669 homes from 650 homes for the year ended December 31, 2010. The cancellation rate of buyers who contracted to buy a home but did not close escrow at the Company’s projects was approximately 18% during 2011 and 19% during 2010. The inventory of completed and unsold homes was 73 homes as of December 31, 2011, compared to 107 homes as of December 31, 2010.

On a consolidated basis, the backlog of homes sold but not closed as of December 31, 2011 was 139 homes, up 65% from 84 homes as of December 31, 2010. Homes in backlog are generally closed within three to six months. The dollar amount of backlog of homes sold but not closed on a consolidated basis as of December 31, 2011 was $29.3 million, down 2% from $30.1 million as of December 31, 2010.

The Company’s average number of sales locations increased for the year ended December 31, 2011 to 19, up 6% from 18 for the year ended December 31, 2010. The Company’s number of new home orders per average sales location decreased to 35.2 for the year ended December 31, 2011 from 36.1 for the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

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The Company’s operations are historically seasonal, with the highest new order activity in the spring and summer, which is impacted by the timing of project openings and competition in surrounding projects, among other factors. In addition, the Company’s home deliveries typically occur in the third and fourth quarter of each fiscal year, based on the construction cycle times of our homes between three and six months. As a result, the Company’s revenues, cash flow and profitability are higher in that same period.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
    Increase (Decrease)  
     2011     2010     Amount     %  

Number of Net New Home Orders

        

Southern California

     211        369        (158     (43 )% 

Northern California

     147        114        33        29

Arizona

     202        90        112        124

Nevada

     109        77        32        42
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

Total

     669        650        19        3
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

Cancellation Rate

     18     19     (1 )%   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

Three of the Company’s homebuilding segments experienced increases in net new home orders during the year ended December 31, 2011, primarily attributable to stabilized market conditions. However, the Company’s Southern California segment experienced a decrease in new home orders during this same period, due to slowing absorption in the markets in which the Company operates. The weekly average sales rates for the period were 0.7 sales per project during the 2011 period compared to 0.7 sales per project during the 2010 period. The increase in net new home orders positively impacts the number of homes in backlog, which are homes we will close in future periods. As new home orders and backlog increase, it has a positive impact on revenue and cash flow in future periods. The increase in the Company’s new home orders is driven by significant improvement in Arizona. New home orders during the 2010 period were 90 from three sales locations compared to 202 during the 2011 period from two sales locations. The increase is due to increased consumer confidence and diminished shadow foreclosure inventory, which has yielded stabilized prices.

Cancellation rates during the year ended December 31, 2011 decreased to 18% in the 2011 period from 19% during the 2010 period. The decline resulted from a decrease in the cancellation rate in two of the Company’s homebuilding segments. Northern California decreased to 18% in the 2011 period compared to 23% in the 2010 period, Arizona decreased to 7% in the 2011 period from 15% in the 2010 period, Southern California increased to 24% in the 2011 period from 19% in the 2010 period and Nevada increased to 20% in the 2011 period from 14% in the 2010 period. The decrease in cancellation rates, period over period, is an indication of an increase in home buyer confidence and stabilization in the Company’s markets.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
     Increase (Decrease)  
     2011      2010      Amount     %  

Average Number of Sales Locations

          

Southern California

     7         7         —          —     

Northern California

     4         5         (1     (20 )% 

Arizona

     2         3         (1     (33 )% 

Nevada

     6         3         3        100
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     19         18         1        6
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

The average number of sales locations in Southern California remained consistent with the prior year. However, the Southern California homebuilding segment had final deliveries and project close out in three projects and commenced selling in three new projects during the year. The average number of sales locations in Northern California and Arizona decreased by one in each segment, due to final deliveries and project close out. Nevada gained three additional sales locations on average due to the reintroduction of sales of two suspended projects and the addition of one newly acquired project during the year.

 

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     December 31,      Increase (Decrease)  
     2011      2010      Amount     %  

Backlog (units)

          

Southern California

     22         34         (12     (35 )% 

Northern California

     25         19         6        32

Arizona

     75         8         67        838

Nevada

     17         23         (6     (26 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     139         84         55        65
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

The Company’s backlog at December 31, 2011 increased 65% from levels at December 31, 2010, primarily resulting from a significant increase in the number of net new home orders in Arizona. The increase in backlog during this period reflects an increase in net new order activity in Arizona of 124% to 202 homes in the 2011 period compared to 90 homes in the 2010 period in addition to a decrease in the number of homes closed companywide by 19% to 614 in the 2011 period from 760 in the 2010 period. The increase in backlog is driven by the significant improvement in Arizona. The Arizona division had 202 new home orders during the 2011 period, offset by 135 closings, increasing backlog from 8 units as of December 31, 2010 to 75 units as of December 31, 2011.

 

     December 31,      Increase (Decrease)  
     2011      2010      Amount     %  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Backlog

          

Southern California

   $ 8,148       $ 16,726       $ (8,578     (51 )% 

Northern California

     7,125         8,184         (1,059     (13 )% 

Arizona

     10,294         995         9,299        935

Nevada

     3,762         4,172         (410     (10 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

   $ 29,329       $ 30,077       $ (748     (2 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

The dollar amount of backlog of homes sold but not closed on a consolidated basis as of December 31, 2011 was $29.3 million, slightly down from $30.1 million as of December 31, 2010. The slight decrease in dollar amount of backlog during this period reflects: (i) a decrease in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $211,000 as of December 31, 2011 compared to $358,000 as of December 31, 2010, which was driven by the number of homes in backlog in the Arizona division of 75, with an average price in backlog of $137,000 as of the 2011 period, compared to eight with an average price in backlog of $124,000 in the 2010 period, and (ii) an increase in the number of homes in backlog to 139 homes in the 2011 period compared to 84 in the 2010 period. In addition, the Company’s product mix continues to shift, with five homes, or 4% of total homes in backlog greater than $500,000 per unit at December 31, 2011, compared to 28 homes, or 33% in backlog greater than $500,000 per unit at December 31, 2010.

In Southern California, the dollar amount of backlog decreased 51% to $8.1 million as of December 31, 2011 from $16.7 million as of December 31, 2010, which is attributable to a 43% decrease in net new home orders in Southern California to 211 homes in the 2011 period compared to 369 homes in the 2010 period in addition to a decrease in the number of closings from 493 in the 2010 period to 223 in the 2011 period. In Southern California, the cancellation rate increased to 24% for the period ended December 31, 2011 compared to 19% for the period ended December 31, 2010.

In Northern California, the dollar amount of backlog decreased 13% to $7.1 million as of December 31, 2011 from $8.2 million as of December 31, 2010, which is attributable to a 34% decrease in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $285,000 as of December 31, 2011 compared to $430,700 as of December 31, 2010. However, homes in backlog increased 32% to 25 homes for the period ended December 31, 2011 from 19 homes for the same period ending 2010, primarily attributable to a 29% increase in the number of new orders to 147 in 2011 compared to 114 in 2010. In Northern California, the cancellation rate decreased to 18% for the period ended December 31, 2011 from 23% for the period ended December 31, 2010.

In Arizona, the dollar amount of backlog increased tenfold to $10.3 million as of December 31, 2011 from $1.0 million as of December 31, 2010, which is attributable to an eightfold increase in the number of homes in backlog to 75 homes at December 31, 2011 from 8 homes at December 31, 2010 and to a 10% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $137,300 as of December 31, 2011 compared to $124,400 as of December 31, 2010. In Arizona, the cancellation rate decreased to 7% for the period ended December 31, 2011 from 15% for the period ended December 31, 2010.

 

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In Nevada, the dollar amount of backlog decreased 10% to $3.8 million as of December 31, 2011 from $4.2 million as of December 31, 2010, which is attributable to a 26% decrease in homes in backlog to 17 homes at December 31, 2011 from 23 homes at December 31, 2010 offset by a 22% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $221,300 as of December 31, 2011 compared to $181,400 as of December 31, 2010. In Nevada, the cancellation rate increased to 20% for the period ended December 31, 2011 from 14% for the period ended December 31, 2010.

The decrease in the dollar amount of backlog of homes sold but not closed as described above generally results in a reduction in operating revenues in the subsequent period as compared to the previous period. Revenue from sales of homes decreased 22% to $207.1 million during the period ended December 31, 2011 from $266.9 million during the period ended December 31, 2010. A decrease in homebuilding revenues on a project basis is a potential indicator for impairment. If market prices and home values decrease in certain of the Company’s projects and cancellation rates increase in the future, the Company’s revenue and liquidity would likely be negatively impacted.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
     Increase (Decrease)  
     2011      2010      Amount     %  

Number of Homes Closed

          

Southern California

     223         493         (270     (55 )% 

Northern California

     141         101         40        40

Arizona

     135         99         36        36

Nevada

     115         67         48        72
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     614         760         (146     (19 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the number of homes closed decreased 19% to 614 during the 2011 period from 760 in the 2010 period. The decrease was primarily driven by the completion and closeout of two larger projects in the Southern California segment in 2011, which had 145 closings in 2010 compared to 39 in 2011. The decrease in closings in the 2011 period for Southern California is related to decreased absorption rates at its projects as net new home orders decreased 43% on the same number of average sales locations. All three of the other divisions had an increase in home closings, related to an increase in net new home orders of 40% in Northern California, 36% in Arizona and 72% in Nevada.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
     Increase (Decrease)  
     2011      2010      Amount     %  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Home Sales Revenue

          

Southern California

   $ 110,969       $ 195,613       $ (84,644     (43 )% 

Northern California

     54,141         38,891         15,250        39

Arizona

     20,074         16,595         3,479        21

Nevada

     21,871         15,766         6,105        39
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

   $ 207,055       $ 266,865       $ (59,810     (22 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

The decrease in homebuilding revenue of 22%, or $59.8 million, to $207.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2011 from $266.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2010 is attributable to (i) a decrease in average sales prices of homes closed of 4%, or $13,900 per unit, which contributed to $10.6 million of the decrease and (ii) a 19% decrease in closings, or 146 units, which contributed to $49.2 million of the decrease.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
     Increase (Decrease)  
     2011      2010      Amount     %  

Average Sales Price of Homes Closed

          

Southern California

   $ 497,600       $ 396,800       $ 100,800        25

Northern California

     384,000         385,100         (1,100     (0 )% 

Arizona

     148,700         167,600         (18,900     (11 )% 

Nevada

     190,200         235,300         (45,100     (19 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

   $ 337,200       $ 351,100       $ (13,900     (4 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

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The average sales price of homes closed during the year ended December 31, 2011 decreased 4% to $337,200 compared to $351,100 in 2010, particularly driven by an increase in Southern California of $100,800 per unit, offset by a decrease in Arizona and Nevada. The increase in Southern California was driven by product mix, due to the Company strategically closing out of projects in the Inland Empire sub-market of Southern California, which projects delivered 193 units in 2010 at sales prices ranging from $208,000 to $408,000, with 1 unit being delivered in 2011. In Arizona, average sales prices for homes closed decreased in the 2011 period due to strategic price decreases, in an attempt to increase absorption rates. The price ranges of homes closed in 2010 ranged from $121,000 to $200,000 and in 2011 the price ranges decreased to $104,000 to $181,000 on the same communities. In Nevada, average sales prices decreased as result of strategic price decreases in an attempt to spur absorption rates.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
    Increase
(Decrease)
 
   2011     2010    

Homebuilding Gross Margin Percentage

      

Southern California

     10.9     14.6     (3.7 )% 

Northern California

     11.1     22.3     (11.2 )% 

Arizona

     11.8     4.9     6.9

Nevada

     9.7     19.7     (10.0 )% 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     10.9     15.4     (4.5 )% 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Homebuilding gross margin percentage during the year ended December 31, 2011 decreased to 10.9% from 15.4% during the year ended December 31, 2010, which is primarily attributable to a decrease in the average sales price of homes closed of 4% from $351,100 in the 2010 period to $337,200 in the 2011 period in addition to 1% increase in the average cost of homes closed from $297,000 in the 2010 period to $300,500 in the 2011 period.

Homebuilding gross margins may be negatively impacted by a weak economic environment, which includes homebuyers’ reluctance to purchase new homes, increase in foreclosure rates, tightening of mortgage loan origination requirements, high cancellation rates, which could affect our ability to maintain existing home prices and/or home sales incentive levels, and continued deterioration in the demand for new homes in our markets, among other things.

Lots, Land and Other

Land sales revenue was $17.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2010, with no comparable amount for the year ended December 31, 2011. As part of an opportunistic land sale, in June 2010, the Company sold land in Santa Clara County and generated a net profit of $2.9 million. The Company determined that the best economic value to the Company of these lots was to sell them in their current condition as opposed to holding the lots and eventually building and selling homes. The Company continues to evaluate its options and the marketplace with respect to developing lots.

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recorded a loss of $4.2 million compared to a loss of $3.2 million during the 2010 period. Included in these amounts are the write-off of land deposits and pre-acquisition costs of $0.3 million and $6.0 million, respectively. The write-off of land deposits and pre-acquisition costs of $6.0 million in 2010 are attributable to projects where the value of the land was less than the contracted price. Management of the Company determined that the remaining purchase prices of the lots in the arrangements were priced above current market values.

Construction Services Revenue

Construction services revenue, which is all recognized in Southern California and Northern California, was $19.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2011, compared with $10.6 million in the 2010 period. The increase is due to an increase in the number of construction services projects from four in the 2010 period to five in the 2011 period, which contributed an incremental $9.1 million in revenue during the 2011 period.

 

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Impairment Loss on Real Estate Assets

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
     Increase
(Decrease)
 
   2011      2010     
     (in thousands)  

Impairment Loss on Real Estate Assets

        

Land under development and homes completed and under construction

        

Southern California

   $ 17,962       $ 70,801       $ (52,839

Northern California

     2,074         3,103         (1,029

Arizona

     10,650         6,293         4,357   

Nevada

     4,149         —          4,149   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 34,835       $ 80,197       $ (45,362
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Land held for future development or sold

        

Arizona

     76,957         16,116         60,841   

Nevada

     16,522         15,547         975   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     93,479         31,663         61,816   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Impairment Loss on Real Estate Assets

   $ 128,314       $ 111,860       $ 16,454   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recorded impairment loss on real estate assets of $128.3 million, compared to $111.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2010.

The impairment loss related to land under development and homes completed and under construction recorded during the year ended December 31, 2011, resulted from (i) in certain projects, a decrease in home sales prices related to increased incentives and (ii) a decrease in sales absorption rates which increased the length of time of the project and increased period costs related to the project. The Company updates project budgets and cash flows of each real estate project on a quarterly basis to determine whether the estimated remaining undiscounted future cash flows of the project are more or less than the carrying amount (net book value) of the asset. If the undiscounted cash flows are more than the net book value of the project, then there is no impairment. If the undiscounted cash flows are less than the net book value of the asset, then the asset is deemed to be impaired and is written-down to its fair value. During the 2011 period, the Company adjusted discount rates to a range of 18% to 22% from a range of 21% to 29% during the 2010 period. During the 2011 period, the Company decreased discount rates due to (i) a decrease in the Company’s cancellation rate to 18% in the 2011 period from 19% in the 2010 period and (ii) an increase in the number of homes in backlog to 139 homes as of December 31, 2011 compared to 84 homes as of December 31, 2010.

The Company engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist with the analysis of the fair value of the entity, and respective assets and liabilities in connection with its reorganization. Since the valuation was completed near December 31, 2011, management used such valuation to evaluate the book value as of December 31, 2011.

The impairment loss related to land under development and homes completed and under construction incurred during the year ended December 31, 2010, resulted from (i) a decrease in certain projects in home sales prices related to increased incentives, (ii) increased future costs in certain projects for outside broker expense and sales and marketing expense, (iii) the decision by the Company in certain projects to cancel certain land option agreements to purchase lots in projects where sales were deteriorating and the underlying value of the land to be purchased was less than the purchase price using a residual land value approach, (iv) the need in certain projects to preserve the liquidity of the Company and, therefore, canceling certain land option agreements, and (v) the renegotiations in certain other projects of the land purchase schedule for land under option, to delay the required purchases, to allow markets to recover, and reduce the amount of lots to be purchased over time. The extended time of the projects increased carrying costs that lead to the future undiscounted cash flows of the projects being less than the current book value of the land. During the 2010 period, the Company increased discount rates to a range of 21% to 29%. These rates resulted from a full year of interest incurred on the Senior Secured Term Loan due 2014, or the Old Term Loan, of 14%. During the 2009 period, the Company increased the discount rates used in the estimated discounted cash flow assessments to a range of 19% to 27%. These rates resulted from an increase in the leverage component of our discount rate related to the interest cost on the Old Term Loan and a decrease in risk-related discount rates in California projects due to improving market conditions, including: (i) a decrease in the cancellation rate for the Company at 19% in the 2010 period compared to 21% in the 2009 period, (ii) an increase of 1.9% in the Company’s gross margin percentage and (iii) an increase in the number of net home orders per sale location from 34.8 in the 2009 period to 36.1 in the 2010 period.

 

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The impairment loss related to land held for future development or sold incurred during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, resulted from the reduced value of the land in the project. The Company values land held for future development using (i) projected cash flows with the strategy of selling the land on a finished or unfinished basis, or building out the project, (ii) considering recent, legitimate offers received, and (iii) prices for land in recent comparable sales transactions, among other factors. In addition, the Company may use appraisals to best determine the as-is value. The Company continues to evaluate land values to determine whether to hold for development or to sell at current prices, which may lead to additional impairment on real estate assets.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
     Increase (Decrease)  
     2011      2010      Amount     %  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Sales and Marketing Expenses

          

Homebuilding

          

Southern California

   $ 8,480       $ 12,582       $ (4,102     (33 )% 

Northern California

     4,227         4,247         (20     0

Arizona

     1,318         1,207         111        9

Nevada

     2,823         1,710         1,113        65
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

   $ 16,848       $ 19,746       $ (2,898     (15 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Sales and marketing expenses decreased $2.9 million to $16.8 million in the 2011 period from $19.7 million in the 2010 period primarily due to a decrease of $1.5 million in direct selling expenses, including a decrease of $1.3 million in salaries and commissions paid in 2011 as compared to 2010, and a decrease of $0.3 million in seller closing costs and referral fees in 2011 as compared to 2010 due to the decrease in units closed in 2011 as compared to 2010. In addition, advertising costs decreased $1.0 million, due to the opening of fewer new model complexes in 2011 as compared to 2010. Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of homebuilding revenue remained relatively consistent at 8.1% and 7.4% for the period ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, as there was a decrease in both sales and marketing expenses and homebuilding revenues.

General and Administrative Expenses

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
     Increase (Decrease)  
     2011      2010      Amount     %  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

General and Administrative Expenses

          

Homebuilding

          

Southern California

   $ 3,665       $ 5,093       $ (1,428     (28 )% 

Northern California

     1,388         2,960         (1,572     (53 )% 

Arizona

     1,884         2,568         (684     (27 )% 

Nevada

     2,349         2,651         (302     (11 )% 

Corporate

     13,125         11,857         1,268        11
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

   $ 22,411       $ 25,129       $ (2,718     (11 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

General and administrative expenses decreased $2.7 million, or 11%, in the 2011 period to $22.4 million from $25.1 million in the 2010 period. In 2010, the Company incurred $2.1 million in outside services expense in connection with the Old Term Loan, which is included in general and administrative expenses. In addition to the $2.1 million decrease in general and administrative expenses relating to outside services in connection with the Old Term Loan, the additional decrease in general and administrative expenses in 2011 reflects the Company’s overhead costs savings measures taken during the year. The bonus expense incurred in the 2010 and 2011 periods was a decision by management to award bonuses to employees in order to encourage employee retention and reward individual employee performance. General and administrative expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenue increased slightly to 10.8% for the period ended December 31, 2011 from 9.4% for the period ended December 31, 2010, as there was a decrease in both general and administrative expenses and homebuilding revenues.

 

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Other Items

Other operating costs increased to $4.0 million in the 2011 period compared to $2.7 million in the 2010 period. The increase is due to the increase in property tax expense incurred as a period expense on projects in which development was temporarily suspended. The Company incurred $1.8 million in the 2011 period, compared to $1.6 million in the 2010 period. In addition, operating losses realized by golf course operations decreased to $1.0 million in the 2011 period from $1.1 million in the 2010 period.

Equity in income from unconsolidated joint ventures increased to $3.6 million in the 2011 period compared to income of $0.9 million in the 2010 period, primarily due to the sale of the Company’s interest in one of its unconsolidated joint ventures.

During 2010, the Company redeemed $37.3 million principal amount of its then-outstanding 7 5 / 8 % Senior Notes due 2012, 10 3 / 4 % Senior Notes due 2013 and 7 1 / 2 % Senior Notes due 2014, or, collectively, the Old Senior Notes, at a cost of $31.3 million, plus accrued interest. The net gain resulting from the redemptions, after giving effect to amortization of related deferred loan costs, was $5.6 million. During 2011, the Company did not redeem any of its outstanding Old Senior Notes.

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company incurred interest related to its outstanding debt of $61.4 million and capitalized $36.9 million, resulting in net interest expense of $24.5 million. During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company incurred interest related to its outstanding debt of $62.8 million and capitalized $39.1 million, resulting in net interest expense of $23.7 million. The year over year increase in net interest expense is due to a decrease in real estate assets which qualify for interest capitalization during the 2011 period.

Other income primarily consists of marketing services and human resource management income slightly offset by mortgage company expense. During the 2011 period, the Company had income of $0.8 million compared to a negligible amount in the 2010 period.

Income from noncontrolling interest of consolidated entities decreased to $0.4 million in the 2011 period compared to $1.3 million in the 2010 period, primarily due to a decrease in the number of joint venture homes closed.

Income Taxes

On November 6, 2009, an expanded carry back election was signed into law as part of the Worker, Homeownership, and Business Assistance Act of 2009. As a result of this legislation, the Company elected to carry back for five years the taxable losses generated in 2009. As of December 31, 2009, the Company recorded an income tax refund receivable and the related income tax benefit of $101.8 million. The Company received the tax refund during the first quarter of 2010. As of December 31, 2010, the Company received an additional refund related to the 2009 loss carry back of $347,000 and recorded the related income tax benefit as of December 31, 2010. In 2011, the Company only paid $10,000 in minimum tax payments for the year.

Net (Loss) Income Attributable to William Lyon Homes

As a result of the foregoing factors, net loss for the year ended December 31, 2011 was $193.3 million compared to net loss for the year ended December 31, 2010 of $136.8 million.

 

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Lots Owned and Controlled

The table below summarizes the Company’s lots owned and controlled as of the periods presented:

 

     December 31,      Increase (Decrease)  
     2011      2010      Amount     %  

Lots Owned

          

Southern California

     713         922         (209     (23 )% 

Northern California

     767         616         151        25

Arizona

     6,194         5,836         358        6

Nevada

     2,676         2,791         (115     (4 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     10,350         10,165         185        2
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Lots Controlled(1)

          

Southern California

     114         114         —         —    

Northern California

     —          303         (303     (100 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     114         417         (303     (73 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total Lots Owned and Controlled

     10,464         10,582         118        1
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

(1) Lots controlled may be purchased by the Company as consolidated projects or may be purchased by newly formed unconsolidated joint ventures.

Total lots owned and controlled has increased 1% to 10,464 lots owned and controlled at December 31, 2011 from 10,582 lots at December 31, 2010. The increase is primarily due to certain lot acquisitions during the period, offset by the closing of 614 homes during the 2011 period and cancelation of certain lot option contracts.

Financial Condition and Liquidity

The U.S. housing market continues to improve from the cyclical low points reached during the 2008—2009 national recession. In 2011, early signs of a recovery began to materialize in many markets around the country as a result of an improving macroeconomic backdrop and excellent housing affordability. Historically, strong housing markets have been associated with great affordability, a healthy domestic economy, positive demographic trends such as population growth and household formation, falling mortgage rates, increases in renters that qualify as homebuyers and locally based dynamics such as housing demand relative to housing supply. Many markets across the U.S. are exhibiting most of these positive characteristics.

In the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company delivered 969 homes, with an average selling price of approximately $349,300, and recognized home sales revenues and total revenues of $338.4 million and $363.1 million, respectively. The Company has experienced significant operating momentum since the beginning of 2012, during which time a variety of key housing, employment and other related economic statistics in our markets have increasingly demonstrated signs of recovery. This rebound in market conditions, when combined with the Company’s disciplined operating strategy, has resulted in seven consecutive quarters, year over year, of growth in net new home orders, home closings and unit backlog.

In the nine months ended September 30, 2013, net new home orders increased 14% to 1,030 in the 2013 period from 902 in the 2012 period, while home closings increased 55% to 969 in the 2013 period from 627 in the 2012 period. On a consolidated basis, the cancellation rate increased to 15% in the 2013 period compared to 14% in the 2012 period. In addition, homebuilding gross margin percentage and adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage increased to 20.8% and 27.0%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, as compared to 15.9% and 23.7%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. The increase in gross margins is primarily related to an increase in net sales prices during the period and an increase in absorption, which decreases certain project related costs. The increase in gross margins is also attributed to the impact of fresh start accounting which resulted in a net decrease to the cost basis of our properties, which subsequently increased gross margins.

As of September 30, 2013, the Company is selling homes in 29 communities and had a consolidated backlog of 467 sold but unclosed homes, with an associated sales value of $208.1 million, representing a 13% and 92% increase in units and dollars, respectively, as compared to the backlog at September 30, 2012. The Company believes that the attractive fundamentals in its markets, its leading market share positions, its long-standing relationships with land developers, its significant land supply and its focus on providing the best possible customer experience positions the Company to capitalize on meaningful growth as the U.S. housing market continues to rebound.

 

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On May 21, 2013, the Company completed its initial public offering (IPO) of 10,005,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, which consisted of 7,177,500 shares sold by the Company and 2,827,500 shares sold by the selling stockholder. The 10,005,000 shares in the offering were sold at a price to the public of $25.00 per share. The Company raised total net proceeds of approximately $163.8 million in the offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholder.

Since its IPO, the Company has much more access to the capital markets to access liquidity while prudently managing leverage and the balance sheet. In October 2013 the Company issued an additional $100.0 million in principal amount of 8 1/2% senior notes, as a “tack-on” to the original issuance at price to par of 106.5% resulting in net proceeds of approximately $104.7 million. This transaction, coupled with the $100.0 million revolving credit facility entered into during August 2013 yields significant liquidity for the Company.

The Company provides for its ongoing cash requirements with the proceeds identified above, as well as from internally generated funds from the sales of homes and/or land sales. During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company had cash used in operations of $164.9 million, which included land acquisitions of $198.4 million. In addition, the Company has the option to use additional outside borrowing, form new joint ventures with partners that provide a substantial portion of the capital required for certain projects, and buy land via lot options or land banking arrangements. The Company has financed, and may in the future finance, certain projects and land acquisitions with construction loans secured by real estate inventories, seller-provided financing and land banking transactions. The Company may also draw on its revolving line of credit to fund land acquisitions, as discussed below.

8.5% Senior Notes Due 2020

On November 8, 2012, William Lyon Homes, Inc. (“California Lyon”) completed its offering of 8 1/2% Senior Notes due 2020, (the “New Notes”), in an aggregate principal amount of $325 million. The New Notes were issued at 100% of their aggregate principal amount. The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of the New Notes, together with cash on hand, to refinance the Company’s (i) $235 million 10.25% Senior Secured Term Loan due 2015, (ii) approximately $76 million in aggregate principal amount of 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due 2017, (iii) approximately $11 million in principal amount of project related debt, and (iv) to pay accrued and unpaid interest thereon.

As of September 30, 2013, the outstanding principal amount of the New Notes is $325 million, and the New Notes mature on November 15, 2020. The New Notes are senior unsecured obligations of California Lyon and are unconditionally guaranteed on a senior subordinated secured basis by Parent and by certain of Parent’s existing and future restricted subsidiaries. The New Notes and the guarantees rank senior to all of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ existing and future unsecured senior debt and senior in right of payment to all of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ future subordinated debt. The New Notes and the guarantees are and will be effectively junior to any of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ existing and future secured debt.

The New Notes bear interest at an annual rate of 8.5% per annum and are payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15.

The indenture contains covenants that limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee certain additional indebtedness; (ii) pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase stock; (iii) make certain investments; (iv) sell assets; (v) incur liens; (vi) enter into agreements restricting the ability of the Company’s restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or transfer assets; (vii) enter into transactions with affiliates; (viii) create unrestricted subsidiaries; and (viii) consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of the Company’s and California Lyon’s assets. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications as described in the Indenture. The Indenture also provides for events of default which, if any of them occurs, would permit or require the principal of and accrued interest on such New Notes to be declared due and payable.

Revolving Lines of Credit

On August 7, 2013, California Lyon and the Company entered into a credit agreement providing for a revolving credit facility of up to $100 million (the “Facility”). The Facility will mature on August 5, 2016, unless terminated earlier pursuant

 

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to the terms of the Facility. The Facility contains an uncommitted accordion feature under which its aggregate principal amount can be increased to up to $125 million under certain circumstances, as well as a sublimit of $50 million for letters of credit. The Facility contains various covenants, including financial covenants relating to tangible net worth, leverage, liquidity and interest coverage, as well as a limitation on investments in joint ventures and non-guarantor subsidiaries.

The Facility contains customary events of default, subject to cure periods in certain circumstances, that would result in the termination of the commitment and permit the lenders to accelerate payment on outstanding borrowings and require cash collateralization of letters of credit, including: nonpayment of principal, interest and fees or other amounts; violation of covenants; inaccuracy of representations and warranties; cross default to certain other indebtedness; unpaid judgments; and certain bankruptcy and other insolvency events. If a change in control of the Company occurs, the lenders may terminate the commitment and require that California Lyon repay outstanding borrowings under the Facility and cash collateralize letters of credit. Interest rates on borrowings generally will be based on either LIBOR or a base rate, plus the applicable spread. The commitment fee on the unused portion of the Facility currently accrues at an annual rate of 0.50%.

Borrowings under the Facility, the availability of which is subject to a borrowing base formula, are required to be guaranteed by the Company and certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, are secured by a pledge of all equity interests held by such guarantors, and may be used for general corporate purposes. As of November 8, 2013, the Facility was undrawn.

On March 5, 2013, California Lyon entered into a Revolving Line of Credit Loan Agreement (the “CB&T Loan Agreement”), with California Bank & Trust (“CB&T”), providing for a revolving line of credit of $30.0 million (the “CB&T Loan”). The CB&T Loan, as amended, provides California Lyon with funds for the development of residential lots, the construction of existing and future residential home projects within the states of California, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado, the issuance of letters of credit for the payment of costs incurred or associated with those projects and other general corporate purposes. In connection with the execution of the CB&T Loan Agreement, California Lyon issued a promissory note (the “CB&T Promissory Note”), and together with the CB&T Loan Agreement and any ancillary documents and agreements executed pursuant to the CB&T Loan Agreement, (the “CB&T Loan Documents”), in favor of CB&T. California Lyon’s obligations under the CB&T Loan are secured by, among other things, a first lien on and security interest in all the real and personal property comprising each qualified project that is secured by the CB&T Loan. Borrowings under the CB&T Loan Agreement bore interest, payable monthly, at California Lyon’s option of either (i) a fixed rate at LIBOR plus 3.00% per annum or (ii) a variable rate at the Prime Rate, as adjusted by CB&T in accordance with the CB&T Loan Agreement, plus 1.00% per annum. The floor interest rate for borrowings under the CB&T Loan Agreement range from 4.25% to 5.00%, depending on California Lyon’s total debt to tangible net worth ratio. Beginning on March 5, 2015, the maximum amount available under the CB&T Loan would have been reduced by $7.5 million every 90 days until the CB&T Loan matures. The CB&T Loan was scheduled to mature on March 5, 2016.

All outstanding borrowings under the CB&T Loan may, at the option of CB&T, be accelerated and become immediately due and payable in the event of a default under the CB&T Loan Documents, which includes, among other things, the following events (subject to certain cure periods, as applicable): (i) the failure by California Lyon to pay any monetary amount when due under any CB&T Loan Document; (ii) the breach of certain covenants under the CB&T Loan Documents; (iii) any representations contained in the CB&T Loan Documents being materially misleading or false when made; (iv) defaults under certain other monetary obligations; (v) bankruptcy matters; (vi) litigation or proceedings that could constitute a material adverse change on California Lyon or a qualified project or (vii) certain judgments. The CB&T Loan Documents also contained negative covenants which restrict or limit California Lyon from, among other things, the following: (a) consolidating or merging with any person unless California Lyon is the surviving entity; (b) changing its fiscal year or accounting methods; (c) changing the character of California Lyon’s business; (d) suffering any change in the legal or beneficial ownership of any capital stock in California Lyon; (e) making loans or advances; (f) granting or continuing liens; (g) incurring debt and (h) acquiring assets.

In March 2013, one of the outstanding construction loans payable and its underlying collateral was rolled into the CB&T Loan Agreement. In July 2013, the Company repaid all of the outstanding balance of the CB&T Loan. On October 30, 2013 the Company terminated the CB&T Loan Agreement.

Construction Notes Payable

In June 2013, the Company entered into another construction note payable agreement. The agreement has total availability under the facility of $28.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its joint venture

 

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projects. The loan matures in June 2016 and bears interest at the prime rate + 0.5%, with a rate floor of 4.0%, which was the interest rate as of September 30, 2013. As of September 30, 2013, the Company had borrowed $19.2 million under this facility. The loan will be repaid with proceeds from home closings of the project, is secured by the underlying project, and is guaranteed by the Company.

In September 2012, the Company entered into two construction notes payable agreements. The first agreement has total availability under the facility of $19.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its wholly-owned projects. The loan matures in September 2015 and bears interest at the prime rate + 1.0%, with a rate floor of 5.0%. In March 2013, this loan and the underlying collateral was rolled into the CB&T Loan Agreement, discussed above. The second September 2012 construction note payable agreement has total availability under the facility of $17.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its joint venture projects. The loan matures in March 2015 and bears interest at prime rate + 1%, with a rate floor of 5.0%, which was the interest rate as of September 30, 2013. During the three months ended September 30, 2013, the Company repaid the entire outstanding balance under this loan.

Seller Financing

At September 30, 2013, the Company had $16.2 million of notes payable outstanding related to two land acquisitions for which seller financing was provided. The first note had a balance of $1.7 million as of September 30, 2013, bears interest at 3% per annum, is secured by the underlying land, and matures in March 2014. The second note had a balance of $14.5 million as of September 30, 2013, bears interest at 7% per annum, is secured by the underlying land, and matures in May 2015.

Net Debt to Total Capital

The Company’s ratio of net debt to net book capital was 45.1% and 65.0% as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. The ratio of net debt to net book capital is a non-GAAP financial measure, which is calculated by dividing notes payable and Senior Notes, net of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, by net book capital (notes payable and Senior Notes, net of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, plus redeemable convertible preferred stock and total equity (deficit)). The Company believes this calculation is a relevant and useful financial measure to investors in understanding the leverage employed in its operations, and may be helpful in comparing the Company with other companies in the homebuilding industry to the extent they provide similar information. See table set forth below reconciling this non-GAAP measure to the ratio of debt to total capital.

 

     Successor            Predecessor  
     September 30,
2013
    December 31,  
       2012            2011  
     (dollars in thousands)  

Notes payable and Senior Notes

   $ 360,471      $ 338,248           $ 563,492   

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

     —          71,246             —    

Total equity (deficit)

     337,953        72,119             (169,870
  

 

 

   

 

 

        

 

 

 

Total capital

   $ 698,424      $ 481,613           $ 393,622   

Ratio of debt to total capital

     51.6     70.2          143.2

Notes payable and Senior Notes

   $ 360,471      $ 338,248           $ 563,492   

Less: Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

     (82,775     (71,928          (20,913
  

 

 

   

 

 

        

 

 

 

Net debt

     277,696        266,320             542,579   

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

     —          71,246             —    

Total equity (deficit)

     337,953        72,119             (169,870
  

 

 

   

 

 

        

 

 

 

Total capital

   $ 615,649      $ 409,685           $ 372,709   

Ratio of net debt to total capital

     45.1     65.0          145.6

Land Banking Arrangements

As a method of acquiring land in staged takedowns, thereby minimizing the use of funds from the Company’s available cash or other corporate financing sources and limiting the Company’s risk, the Company transfers its right in such purchase agreements to entities owned by third parties, or land banking arrangements. These entities use equity contributions and/or incur debt to finance the acquisition and development of the land being purchased. The entities grant the Company an option to acquire lots in staged takedowns. In consideration for this option, the Company makes a non-refundable deposit of 15% to 25% of the total purchase price. The Company is under no obligation to purchase the balance of the lots, but would forfeit remaining deposits and could be subject to penalties if the lots were not purchased. The Company does not have legal

 

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title to these entities or their assets and has not guaranteed their liabilities. These land banking arrangements help the Company manage the financial and market risk associated with land holdings. The use of these land banking arrangements is dependent on, among other things, the availability of capital to the option provider, general housing market conditions and geographic preferences.

The Company participates in one land banking arrangement that is not a variable interest entity in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 810, Consolidation (“ASC 810”), but is consolidated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 470, Debt (“ASC 470”). Under the provisions of ASC 470, the Company has determined it is economically compelled, based on certain factors, to purchase the land in the land banking arrangement. Therefore, the Company has recorded the remaining purchase price of the land of $20.7 million and $39.0 million as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, which is included in real estate inventories not owned and liabilities from inventories not owned in the accompanying balance sheet.

Summary information with respect to the Company’s land banking arrangements is as follows as of the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

 

     Successor            Predecessor  
     September 30,
2013
     December 31,  
        2012            2011  

Total number of land banking projects

     1         1             1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

        

 

 

 

Total number of lots(1)

     610         610             625   
  

 

 

    

 

 

        

 

 

 

Total purchase price

   $ 161,465       $ 161,465           $ 161,465   
  

 

 

    

 

 

        

 

 

 

Balance of lots still under option and not purchased:

            

Number of lots

     105         199             225   
  

 

 

    

 

 

        

 

 

 

Purchase price

   $ 20,738       $ 39,029           $ 47,408   
  

 

 

    

 

 

        

 

 

 

Forfeited deposits if lots are not purchased

   $ 14,737       $ 27,734           $ 25,234   
  

 

 

    

 

 

        

 

 

 

 

(1) Total number of lots in the land banking project was reduced by 15 as of December 31, 2012 as compared to December 31, 2011 because of a change in product mix in future projects.

Joint Venture Financing

The Company and certain of its subsidiaries are general partners or members in joint ventures involved in the development and sale of residential projects. As described more fully in Critical Accounting Policies—Variable Interest Entities, certain joint ventures have been determined to be variable interest entities in which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the assets, liabilities and operations of these joint ventures have been consolidated with the Company’s financial statements for the periods presented. The financial statements of joint ventures in which the Company is not considered the primary beneficiary are not consolidated with the Company’s financial statements. The Company’s investments in unconsolidated joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method because the Company has a 50% or less voting or economic interest (and thus such joint ventures are not controlled by the Company). Based upon current estimates, substantially all future development and construction costs incurred by the joint ventures will be funded by the venture partners or from the proceeds of construction financing obtained by the joint ventures.

As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company’s had no investment in and advances to unconsolidated joint ventures.

Assessment District Bonds

In some jurisdictions in which the Company develops and constructs property, assessment district bonds are issued by municipalities to finance major infrastructure improvements and fees. Such financing has been an important part of financing master-planned communities due to the long-term nature of the financing, favorable interest rates when compared to the Company’s other sources of funds and the fact that the bonds are sold, administered and collected by the relevant government entity. As a landowner benefited by the improvements, the Company is responsible for the assessments on its land. When the Company’s homes or other properties are sold, the assessments are either prepaid or the buyers assume the responsibility for the related assessments.

Cash Flows—Comparison of Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012

For the comparison of the Successor entity for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, the comparison of cash flows is as follows:

 

   

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities increased to a use of $164.9 million in the 2013 period from a source of $56.0 million in the 2012 period. The change was primarily a result of (i) a net increase in real estate

 

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inventories-owned of $202.3 million in the 2013 period primarily driven by $198.4 million in land acquisitions, compared to a net decrease of $49.8 million in the 2012 period, primarily driven by $100.1 million in lots, land and other sales, offset by $62.7 million in land acquisitions, (ii) an increase in accrued expenses of $18.8 million compared to an increase of $6.5 million in the 2012 period due to an increase in taxes payable and the timing of payments, and (iii) an increase in receivables of $6.9 million in the 2013 period compared to an increase of $1.5 million in the 2012 period primarily attributable to the timing of proceeds received from escrow for home closings, offset by (iv) consolidated net income of $17.3 million in the 2013 period compared to consolidated net loss of $5.6 million in the 2012 period.

 

   

Net cash used in investing activities was $3.4 million in the 2013 period compared to a nominal amount in the 2012 period, as a result of purchases of property and equipment of $3.4 million in the 2013 period.

 

   

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities increased to a source of $179.1 million in the 2013 period from a use of $62.0 million in the 2012 period. The change was primarily as a result of (i) proceeds from issuance of common stock of $163.8 million, net of offering costs of $15.7 million, in the 2013 period related to the Company’s initial public offering, with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, (ii) proceeds from borrowings on notes payable of $51.4 million in the 2013 period with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, (iii) principal payments on notes payable of $45.5 million in the 2013 period as compared to $62.6 million in the 2012 period, (iv) noncontrolling interest contributions of $35.4 million in the 2013 period compared to $17.0 million in the 2012 period, and (v) noncontrolling interest distributions of $21.7 million in the 2013 period compared to $15.4 million in the 2012 period.

For the comparison of the Successor entity for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the comparison of cash flows is as follows:

 

   

Net cash used in operating activities increased to a use of $164.9 million in the 2013 period from a use of $17.3 million in the 2012 period. The change was primarily a result of (i) a net increase in real estate inventories-owned of $202.3 million in the 2013 period compared to a net increase of $7.0 million in the 2012 period, primarily driven by $198.4 million in land acquisitions in the 2013 period with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, and (ii) an increase in receivables of $6.9 million in the 2013 period compared to a decrease of $0.9 million in the 2012 period primarily attributable to the timing of proceeds received from escrow for home closings, and (iii) consolidated net income of $17.3 million in the 2013 period compared to consolidated net income of $228.5 million in the 2012 period, offset by (iv) net reorganization items of $241.3 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2013 period.

 

   

Net cash used in investing activities was $3.4 million in the 2013 period with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, as a result of purchases of property and equipment of $3.4 million in the 2013 period.

 

   

Net cash provided by financing activities increased to a source of $179.1 million in the 2013 period from a source of $77.8 million in the 2012 period. The change was primarily as a result of (i) proceeds from issuance of common stock of $163.8 million, net of offering costs of $15.7 million, in the 2013 period related to the Company’s initial public offering, with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, (ii) proceeds from borrowings on notes payable of $51.4 million in the 2013 period with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, (iii) noncontrolling interest contributions of $35.4 million in the 2013 period compared to $1.8 million in the 2012 period and (iv) noncontrolling interest distributions of $21.7 million in the 2013 period compared to $1.9 million in the 2012 period, offset by (v) proceeds from preferred stock of $50.0 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2013 period, (vi) proceeds from reorganization of $31.0 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2013 period and (vii) principal payments on notes payable $45.5 million in the 2013 period compared to $0.6 million in the 2012 period.

Based on the aforementioned, the Company believes they have sufficient cash and sources of financing for at least the next twelve months.

Cash Flows—Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2012 to Year Ended December 31, 2011

For the comparison of the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, the comparison of cash flows is as follows:

 

   

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities increased to a source of $50.0 million in the 2012 period from a use of $38.7 million in the 2011 period. The change was primarily a result of (i) a net decrease in real estate inventories-owned of $30.3 million in the 2012 period compared to a net decrease of $18.2 million in the 2011 period, primarily driven by the increase in homes closed in the 2012 period as compared to the 2011 period, (ii) a decrease in other assets of $0.6 million in the 2012 period compared to an increase of $4.4 million in the 2011

 

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period attributable to insurance premiums payments and the related amortization expense, (iii) an increase in accounts payable of $7.7 million in the 2012 period compared to a decrease of $1.5 million in the 2011 period attributed to the timing of payments to subcontractors, and (iv) consolidated net loss of $192.9 million in the 2011 period compared to consolidated net loss of $6.9 million in the 2012 period, and (v) an increase in receivables of $2.9 million in the 2012 period compared to a decrease of $4.8 million in the 2011 period primarily attributable to the timing of proceeds received from escrow for home closings.

 

   

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities decreased to a use of $33.5 million in the 2012 period from a source of $1.3 million in the 2011 period. The change was primarily a result of (i) net cash paid of $33.2 million related to the acquisition of a homebuilder in Colorado, known as Village Homes, with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, and (ii) distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures of $1.4 million in the 2011 period with no distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures in the 2012 period.

 

   

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities increased to a use of $25.9 million in the 2012 period from a use of $13.9 million in the 2011 period. The change was primarily as a result of (i) principal payments on notes payable of $73.7 million in the 2012 period from $11.5 million in the 2011 period, (ii) principal payments on Senior Secured Term Loan of $235.0 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, (iii) principal payments on Senior Subordinated Secured Notes of $75.9 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, and (iv) payment of deferred loan costs of $7.2 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, offset by (v) proceeds from borrowings on notes payable of $13.2 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, (vi) proceeds from issuance of 8  1 / 2 % Senior Notes of $325.0 million with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, (vii) proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred stock of $14.0 million related to the issuance of 12,173,913 shares of the company’s convertible preferred stock to Paulson in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, and (viii) proceeds from issuance of common stock of $16.0 million related to the issuance of 15,238,095 shares of the company’s common stock to Paulson in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period.

For the comparison of the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, the comparison of cash flows is as follows:

 

   

Net cash used in operating activities decreased to a use of $17.3 million in the 2012 period from a use of $38.7 million in the 2011 period. The change was primarily a result of (i) equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures of $3.6 million in the 2011 period due to the final cash distribution and related allocation of income from unconsolidated joint ventures with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, (ii) a decrease in other assets of $0.2 million in the 2012 period compared to an increase of $4.4 million in the 2011 period attributable to insurance premiums paid and the related amortization expense, (iii) an increase in accounts payable of $4.6 million in the 2012 period compared to a decrease of $1.5 million in the 2011 period attributed to the timing of payments to subcontractors, and (iv) consolidated net income of $228.5 million in the 2012 period compared to consolidated net loss of $192.9 million in the 2011 period, offset by (v) impairment loss on real estate assets of $128.3 million in the 2011 period with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, (vi) net reorganization items of $241.3 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period and (vii) a decrease in receivables of $0.9 million in the 2012 period compared to a decrease of $4.8 million in the 2011 period primarily attributable to the timing of proceeds received from escrow for home closings, (viii) an increase in real estate inventories-owned of $7.0 million in the 2012 period compared to an a decrease of $18.2 million in the 2011 period, primarily driven by fewer homes closed in the 2012 period as compared to the 2011 period, and (iv) a decrease in accrued expenses of $3.9 million in the 2012 period relating to consulting costs incurred related to the restructure that were accrued at the end of 2011, compared to an increase of $7.8 million in the 2011 period.

 

   

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities decreased to zero in the 2012 period from a source of $1.3 million in the 2011 period. The change was primarily a result of distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures of $1.4 million in the 2011 period with no distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures in the 2012 period.

 

   

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities increased to a source of $77.8 million in the 2012 period from a use of $13.9 million in the 2011 period. The change was primarily as a result of (i) proceeds from preferred stock of $50.0 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, (ii) proceeds from reorganization of $31.0 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period and (iii) a decrease in principal payments on notes payable to $0.6 million in the 2012 period from $11.5 million in the 2011 period.

 

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Cash Flows—Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2011 and 2010

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities decreased to a use of $38.7 million in the 2011 period from a source of $24.1 million in the 2010 period. The change was primarily a result of (i) a decrease in income tax refunds receivable of $107.4 million in the 2010 period relating to refunds received for the 2009 loss carry back, with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, (ii) a decrease in real estate inventories-owned of $18.2 million in the 2011 period compared to an increase of $66.3 million in the 2010 period, primarily driven by fewer homes under construction relative to the number of homes closings in the 2011 period as compared to the 2010 period, (iii) a decrease in accounts payable of $1.5 million in the 2011 period compared to a decrease of $4.1 million in the 2010 period due to the timing of payments to subcontractors, (iv) an increase in accrued expenses of $7.8 million in the 2011 period compared to a decrease of $3.6 million in the 2010 period primarily related to an increase in accrued interest due to the non-payment of interest in conjunction with the Plan, (v) a decrease in receivables of $4.8 million in the 2011 period compared to an increase of $2.2 million in the 2010 period primarily related to the timing of proceeds received from escrow for homes closed and the receipt of property tax refunds, and (vi) consolidated net loss of $192.9 million in the 2011 period compared to consolidated net loss of $135.5 million in the 2010 period, offset by (vii) impairment loss on real estate assets of $128.3 million in the 2011 period compared to $111.9 million in the 2010 period.

Net cash provided by investing activities decreased to a source of $1.3 million in the 2011 period from a source of $3.9 million in the 2010 period. The change was primarily a result of a decrease in distributions of capital from unconsolidated joint ventures to $1.4 million in the 2011 period from $4.2 million in the 2010 period.

Net cash used in financing activities decreased to a use of $13.9 million in the 2011 period from a use of $74.3 million in the 2010 period, primarily as a result of the decrease in net proceeds received from borrowings on notes payable of $7.1 million in the 2010 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, a decrease in the net cash paid for the redemption of Old Senior Notes of $31.3 million in the 2010 period, with no comparable amount in the 2011 period and a decrease in the net cash paid for principal payments on notes payable of $11.5 million in the 2011 period, compared to $52.8 million in the 2010 period.

Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company enters into certain off-balance sheet arrangements including joint venture financing, option agreements, land banking arrangements and variable interests in consolidated and unconsolidated entities. These arrangements are more fully described above and in Notes 2 and 12 of “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.” In addition, the Company is party to certain contractual obligations, including land purchases and project commitments, which are detailed in Note 12 of “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.”

The Company’s contractual obligations consisted of the following at September 30, 2013 (in thousands):

 

     Payments due by period  
     Total(1)      Less than
1 year
(2013)
     1-3 years
(2014-2015)
     3-5 years
(2016-2017)
     More than
5 years
 

Other notes payable

   $ 35,471       $ —        $ 16,238       $ 19,233       $ —    

Other notes payable interest

     3,831         459         2,987         385         —    

Senior Notes

     325,000         —          —          —          325,000   

Senior Notes interest

     199,130         6,906         55,250         55,250         81,724   

Operating leases

     6,596         370         2,124         1,368         2,734   

Surety bonds

     48,433         12,936         35,452         45         —    

Purchase obligations

              

Land purchases and option commitments(2)

     238,601         45,609         175,486         17,506        —    

Project commitments(3)

     92,381         20,837         71,544         —          —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 949,443       $ 87,117       $ 359,081       $ 93,787       $ 409,458   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) The summary of contractual obligations above includes interest on all interest-bearing obligations. Interest on all fixed rate interest-bearing obligations is based on the stated rate and is calculated to the stated maturity date. Interest on all variable rate interest bearing obligations is based on the rates effective as of September 30, 2013 and is calculated to the stated maturity date.
(2) Represents the Company’s obligations in land purchases, lot option agreements and land banking arrangements. If the Company does not purchase the land under contract, it will forfeit its non-refundable deposit related to the land.
(3) Represents the Company’s homebuilding project purchase commitments for developing and building homes in the ordinary course of business.

 

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Inflation

The Company’s revenues and profitability may be affected by increased inflation rates and other general economic conditions. In periods of high inflation, demand for the Company’s homes may be reduced by increases in mortgage interest rates. Further, the Company’s profits will be affected by its ability to recover through higher sales prices, increases in the costs of land, construction, labor and administrative expenses. The Company’s ability to raise prices at such times will depend upon demand and other competitive factors.

Critical Accounting Policies

The Company’s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and costs and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgments, including those which impact its most critical accounting policies. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Management believes that the following accounting policies are among the most important to a portrayal of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and require among the most difficult, subjective or complex judgments:

Consequences of Chapter 11 Cases—Debtor in Possession Accounting

Accounting Standards Codification Topic 852-10-45, Reorganizations-Other Presentation Matters , which is applicable to companies in Chapter 11 proceedings, generally does not change the manner in which financial statements are prepared. However, it does require that the financial statements for the periods subsequent to the filing of the Chapter 11 Cases distinguish transactions and events that are directly associated with the reorganization from the ongoing operations of the business. Amounts that can be directly associated with the reorganization and restructuring of the business must be reported separately as reorganization items in the statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2011 and all subsequent periods. The balance sheet must distinguish pre-petition liabilities subject to compromise from both those pre-petition liabilities that are not subject to compromise and from post-petition liabilities. Liabilities that may be affected by a plan of reorganization must be reported at the amounts expected to be allowed, even if they may be settled for lesser amounts. In addition, cash provided or used by reorganization items must be disclosed separately in the statement of cash flows. The Company applied ASC 852-10-45 effective on December 19, 2011 and segregated those items as outlined above for the reporting periods subsequent to such date through February 24, 2012.

Fresh Start Accounting

As required by U.S. GAAP, in connection with our emergence from the Chapter 11 Cases, we adopted the fresh start accounting provisions of ASC 852, effective February 24, 2012. Under ASC 852, the reorganization value represents the fair value of the entity before considering liabilities and approximates the amount a willing buyer would pay for the assets of the Company immediately after restructuring. The reorganization value is allocated to the respective fair value of assets. The excess reorganization value over the fair value of the identified tangible and intangible assets is recorded as goodwill. Liabilities, other than deferred taxes, are stated at present values of amounts expected to be paid. Fair values of assets and liabilities represent our best estimates based on our appraisals and valuations. Where the foregoing were not available, industry data and trends or references to relevant market rates and transactions were used. These estimates and assumptions are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies beyond our reasonable control. Moreover, the market value of our capital stock may differ materially from the fresh start equity valuation.

 

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Real Estate Inventories and Cost of Sales

Real estate inventories are carried at cost net of impairment losses, if any. Real estate inventories consist primarily of deposits to purchase land, raw land, lots under development, homes under construction, completed homes and model homes of real estate projects. All direct and indirect land costs, offsite and onsite improvements and applicable interest and other carrying charges are capitalized to real estate projects during periods when the project is under development. Land, offsite costs and all other common costs are allocated to land parcels benefited based upon relative fair values before construction. Onsite construction costs and related carrying charges (principally interest and property taxes) are allocated to the individual homes within a phase based upon the relative sales value of the homes. The estimation process involved in determining relative fair values and sales values is inherently uncertain because it involves estimates of current market values for land parcels before construction as well as future sales values of individual homes within a phase. The Company’s estimate of future sales values is supported by the Company’s budgeting process. The estimate of future sales values is inherently uncertain because it requires estimates of current market conditions as well as future market events and conditions. Additionally, in determining the allocation of costs to a particular land parcel or individual home, the Company relies on project budgets that are based on a variety of assumptions, including assumptions about construction schedules and future costs to be incurred. It is possible that actual results could differ from budgeted amounts for various reasons, including construction delays, increases in costs which have not yet been committed, or unforeseen issues encountered during construction that fall outside the scope of contracts obtained. While the actual results for a particular construction project are accurately reported over time, a variance between the budget and actual costs could result in the understatement or overstatement of costs and a related impact on gross margins in a specific reporting period. To reduce the potential for such distortion, the Company has set forth procedures which have been applied by the Company on a consistent basis, including assessing and revising project budgets on a monthly basis, obtaining commitments from subcontractors and vendors for future costs to be incurred, reviewing the adequacy of warranty accruals and historical warranty claims experience, and utilizing the most recent information available to estimate costs. The variances between budget and actual amounts identified by the Company have historically not had a material impact on its consolidated results of operations. Management believes that the Company’s policies provide for reasonably dependable estimates to be used in the calculation and reporting of costs. The Company relieves its accumulated real estate inventories through cost of sales by the budgeted amount of cost of homes sold, as described more fully below in the section entitled “Sales and Profit Recognition.”

Impairment of Real Estate Inventories

The Company accounts for its real estate inventories in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant & Equipment , or ASC Topic 360. ASC Topic 360 requires impairment losses to be recorded on real estate inventories when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by real estate inventories are less than the carrying amount of such assets. Indicators of impairment include a decrease in demand for housing due to softening market conditions, competitive pricing pressures which reduce the average sales price of homes, which includes sales incentives for homebuyers, slowing sales absorption rates, a decrease in home values in the markets in which the Company operates, significant decreases in gross margins and a decrease in project cash flows for a particular project.

For land and land under development, homes completed and under construction and model homes, the Company estimates expected cash flows at the project level by maintaining current budgets using recent historical information and current market assumptions. The Company updates project budgets and cash flows of each real estate project on a quarterly basis to determine whether the estimated remaining undiscounted future cash flows of the project are more or less than the carrying amount (net book value) of the asset. If the undiscounted cash flows are more than the net book value of the project, then there is no impairment. If the undiscounted cash flows are less than the net book value of the asset, then the asset is deemed to be impaired and is written-down to its fair value. Fair value represents the amount at which an asset could be bought or sold in a current transaction between willing parties (i.e., other than a forced or liquidation sale). Management determines the estimated fair value of each project by determining the present value of estimated future cash flows at discount rates that are commensurate with the risk of each project. The estimation process involved in determining if assets have been impaired and in the determination of fair value is inherently uncertain because it requires estimates of future revenues and costs, current market yields as well as future events and conditions. As described more fully above in the section entitled “Real Estate Inventories and Cost of Sales,” estimates of revenues and costs are supported by the Company’s budgeting process.

 

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Under ASC Topic 360, the Company is required to make certain assumptions to estimate undiscounted future cash flows of a project, which include: (i) estimated sales prices, including sales incentives, (ii) anticipated sales absorption rates and sales volume, (iii) project costs incurred to date and the estimated future costs of the project based on the project budget, (iv) the carrying costs related to the time a project is actively selling until it closes the final unit in the project, and (v) alternative strategies including selling the land to a third-party or temporarily suspending development on the project. Each project has different assumptions and is based on management’s assessment of the current market conditions that exist in each project location. Interest incurred allocated to each project is included in future cash flows at effective borrowing rates of 11% for the reporting periods ended March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2012, which would yield discount rates of 21% to 29% for the 2012 period. Interest incurred allocated to each project is included in future cash flows at effective borrowing rates of 11% for the reporting periods ended March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2011, which would yield discount rates of 21% to 27% for the 2011 period. Interest allocated to each project for cash flows in 2013 and beyond is 8.75% based on the Company’s current capital structure.

The assumptions and judgments used by the Company in the estimation process to determine the future undiscounted cash flows of a project and its fair value are inherently uncertain and require a substantial degree of judgment. The realization of the Company’s real estate inventories is dependent upon future uncertain events and market conditions. Due to the subjective nature of the estimates and assumptions used in determining the future cash flows of a project, the continued decline in the current housing market, the uncertainty in the banking and credit markets, actual results could differ materially from current estimates.

These estimates are dependent on specific market or sub-market conditions for each subdivision. While the Company considers available information to determine what it believes to be its best estimates as of the end of a reporting period, these estimates are subject to change in future reporting periods as facts and circumstances change. Local market-specific conditions that may impact these estimates for a subdivision include:

 

   

historical subdivision results, and actual operating profit, base selling prices and home sales incentives;

 

   

forecasted operating profit for homes in backlog;

 

   

the intensity of competition within a market or sub-market, including publicly available home sales prices and home sales incentives offered by our competitors;

 

   

increased levels of home foreclosures;

 

   

the current sales pace for active subdivisions;

 

   

subdivision specific attributes, such as location, availability of lots in the sub-market, desirability and uniqueness of subdivision location and the size and style of homes currently being offered;

 

   

changes by management in the sales strategy of a given subdivision; and

 

   

current local market economic and demographic conditions and related trends and forecasts.

These and other local market-specific conditions that may be present are considered by personnel in the Company’s homebuilding divisions as they prepare or update the forecasted assumptions for each subdivision. Quantitative and qualitative factors other than home sales prices could significantly impact the potential for future impairments. The sales objectives can differ among subdivisions, even within a given sub-market. For example, facts and circumstances in a given subdivision may lead the Company to price its homes with the objective of yielding a higher sales absorption pace, while facts and circumstances in another subdivision may lead the Company to price its homes to minimize deterioration in home gross margins, even though this could result in a slower sales absorption pace. Furthermore, the key assumptions included in estimated future undiscounted cash flows may be interrelated. For example, a decrease in estimated base sales price or an increase in home sales incentives may result in a corresponding increase in sales absorption pace. Additionally, a decrease in the average sales price of homes to be sold and closed in future reporting periods for one subdivision that has not been generating what management believes to be an adequate sales absorption pace may impact the estimated cash flow assumptions of a nearby subdivision. Changes in key assumptions, including estimated construction and land development costs, absorption pace, selling strategies or discount rates could materially impact future cash flow and fair value estimates. Due to the number of possible scenarios that would result from various changes in these factors, the Company does not believe it is possible to develop a sensitivity analysis with a level of precision that would be meaningful to an investor.

Management assesses land deposits for impairment when estimated land values are deemed to be less than the agreed upon contract price. The Company considers changes in market conditions, the timing of land purchases, the ability to renegotiate with land sellers the terms of the land option contract in question, the availability and best use of capital, and other factors. If land values are determined to be less than the contract price, the future project will not be purchased. The Company records abandoned land deposits and related pre-acquisition costs to cost of sales-land in the consolidated statement of operations in the period that it is abandoned.

 

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The following table summarizes inventory impairment charges recorded the nine months ended September 30, 2013, during the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010:

 

     Successor            Predecessor  
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
     Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
           Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
     Year Ended
December 31,
 
                2011      2010  
     (dollars in thousands)  

Inventory impairments related to:

                  

Land under development and homes completed and under construction

   $ —        $ —            $ —        $ 34,835       $ 80,197   

Land held for future development or sold

     —          —              —          93,479         31,663   
  

 

 

    

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total inventory impairments

   $ —        $ —            $ —        $ 128,314       $ 111,860   
  

 

 

    

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Number of projects impaired during the year

     —          —              —          16         14   
  

 

 

    

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Number of projects assessed for impairment during the year

     —          —              —          42         73   
  

 

 

    

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The Company evaluates homebuilding assets for impairment when indicators of impairments are present. Indicators of potential impairment include, but are not limited to, a decrease in housing market values, sales absorption rates, and sales prices. On February 24, 2012, the Company adopted fresh start accounting under ASC 852, and recorded all real estate inventories at fair value. For the nine months ended September 30, 2013, and the year ended December 31, 2012, there were no impairment charges recorded.

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recorded impairment loss on real estate assets of $128.3 million, compared to $111.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2010.

During the year ended December 31, 2011, impairment loss related to land under development and homes completed and under construction resulted from projected cash flows with the strategy of selling the lots on a finished or unfinished basis, or building out the project. During the 2011 period, the Company adjusted discount rates to a range of 18% to 22%, which were also validated by the third party valuation firm, discussed below.

The Company engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist with the analysis of the fair value of the entity, and respective assets and liabilities in connection with its reorganization. Since the valuation was completed near December 31, 2011, management used such valuation to evaluate the book value as of December 31, 2011.

These charges were included in impairment loss on real estate assets in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The impairment charges recorded during the periods noted above stemmed from lower home prices which were driven by increased incentives and discounts resulting from weakened demand experienced during 2007 through 2011.

Sales and Profit Recognition

A sale is recorded and profit recognized when a sale is consummated, the buyer’s initial and continuing investments are adequate, any receivables are not subject to future subordination, and the usual risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 976-605-25, Real Estate . When it is determined that the earnings process is not complete, profit is deferred for recognition in future periods. The profit recorded by the Company is based on the calculation of cost of sales which is dependent on the Company’s allocation of costs which is described in more detail above in the section entitled “Real Estate Inventories and Cost of Sales.”

 

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Variable Interest Entities

The Company accounts for variable interest entities in accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation , or ASC 810. Under ASC 810, a variable interest entity, or VIE, is created when: (a) the equity investment at risk in the entity is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support provided by other parties, including the equity holders; (b) the entity’s equity holders as a group either (i) lack the direct or indirect ability to make decisions about the entity, (ii) are not obligated to absorb expected losses of the entity or (iii) do not have the right to receive expected residual returns of the entity; or (c) the entity’s equity holders have voting rights that are not proportionate to their economic interests, and the activities of the entity involve or are conducted on behalf of the equity holder with disproportionately few voting rights. If an entity is deemed to be a VIE pursuant to ASC 810, the enterprise that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity or right to receive benefits from the entity that could be potentially significant to the VIE is considered the primary beneficiary and must consolidate the VIE. In accordance with ASC 810, we perform ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE.

As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company had four and two joint ventures which were deemed to be VIEs, respectively. The Company manages the joint ventures, by using its sales, development and operations teams and has significant control over these projects and therefore the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the joint venture’s performance in addition to being obligated to absorb expected losses or receive benefits from the joint venture, and therefore the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of these VIEs.

Under ASC 810, a non-refundable deposit paid to an entity is deemed to be a variable interest that will absorb some or all of the entity’s expected losses if they occur. Our land purchase and lot option deposits generally represent our maximum exposure to the land seller if we elect not to purchase the optioned property. In some instances, we may also expend funds for due diligence, development and construction activities with respect to optioned land prior to takedown. Such costs are classified as inventories owned, which we would have to write-off should we not exercise the option. Therefore, whenever we enter into a land option or purchase contract with an entity and make a non-refundable deposit, a VIE may have been created. As of September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Company was not required to consolidate any VIEs nor did the Company write-off any costs that had been capitalized under lot option contracts. In accordance with ASC 810, we perform ongoing reassessments of whether we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE.

Related Party Transactions

See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions,” Note 7 of “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and Note 12 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for the year ended December 31, 2012 for a description of the Company’s transactions with related parties.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

See Note 1 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for a description of the recently issued accounting standards.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The Company’s exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates to the Company’s floating rate debt with a total outstanding balance at September 30, 2013 of $19.2 million where the interest rate is variable based upon certain bank reference or prime rates. The average prime rate during the three months ended September 30, 2013 was 3.25%. If variable interest rates were to increase by 10%, there would be no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements because the outstanding debt has an interest rate floor of 4.0% to 5.0%.

The following table presents principal cash flows by scheduled maturity, interest rates and the estimated fair value of our long-term fixed rate debt obligations as of September 30, 2013 (dollars in thousands):

 

     Year ended December 31,      Thereafter     Total      Fair Value at
September 30,
2013
 
     2013      2014     2015     2016      2017          

Fixed rate debt

   $ —        $ 1,762      $ 14,476      $ —        $ —        $ 325,000      $ 341,238       $ 359,113   

Interest rate

     —          3.0 %     7.0 %     —          —          8.5     —          —    

 

 

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The Company does not utilize swaps, forward or option contracts on interest rates, foreign currencies or commodities, or other types of derivative financial instruments as of or during the nine months ended September 30, 2013. The Company does not enter into or hold derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.

 

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MANAGEMENT AND DIRECTORS

Executive Officers and Directors

Our board of directors currently consists of eight members. Each director will hold office until the Company’s next Annual Meeting and until his successor is duly elected and qualified. The executive officers of the Company are chosen annually by the board of directors and each holds office until his or her successor is chosen and qualified or until his or her death, resignation or removal. Officers serve at the discretion of the board of directors, subject to rights, if any, under contracts of employment. There are no family relationships between any director or executive officer and any other director or executive officer of the Company, except for General William Lyon and William H. Lyon, who are father and son.

 

Name

 

Age

   

Position

General William Lyon

    90     

Chairman of the Board of Directors and Executive Chairman

William H. Lyon

    40     

Director and Chief Executive Officer

Matthew R. Zaist

    39     

President and Chief Operating Officer

Colin T. Severn

    42     

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Richard S. Robinson

    66     

Senior Vice President of Finance

Mary J. Connelly

    62     

Senior Vice President and Nevada Division President

W. Thomas Hickcox

    60     

Senior Vice President and Arizona Division President

Brian W. Doyle

    50     

Senior Vice President and California Region President

J. Eric Eckberg

    53     

Senior Vice President and Colorado Division President

Maureen L. Singer

    50     

Vice President of Human Resources

Douglas K. Ammerman(a, b, c, d)

    62     

Director

Michael Barr

    42     

Director

Gary H. Hunt(a, b, c)

    65     

Director

Matthew R. Niemann(a, b, c, d)

    49     

Director

Nathaniel Redleaf(c)

    29     

Director

Lynn Carlson Schell(a, b, c, d)

    53     

Director

 

(a) Member of the Audit Committee
(b) Member of the Compensation Committee
(c) Member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
(d) Member of the Corporate Finance Committee

The following is a biographical summary of the experience of our directors and executive officers:

General William Lyon was elected director and Chairman of the Board of The Presley Companies, the predecessor of the Company, in 1987 and has served in that capacity in addition to his role as Chief Executive Officer of the Company since November 1999. General Lyon also served as the Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of the former William Lyon Homes, which sold substantially all of its assets to the Company in 1999 and subsequently changed its name to Corporate Enterprises, Inc. In his current role as Executive Chairman, General Lyon works with the top executives of the Company to set the leadership and strategic direction for the organization. In recognition of his distinguished career in real estate development, General Lyon was elected to the California Building Industry Foundation Hall of Fame in 1985. General Lyon is a retired USAF Major General and was Chief of the Air Force Reserve from 1975 to 1979. General Lyon is a director of Fidelity National Financial, Inc. and Woodside Credit LLC, and is Chairman of the Board of Directors of Commercial Bank of California. Since 2005, General Lyon has served on the Board of Leaders of USC’s Marshall School of Business. General Lyon has received countless awards and honors for his tremendous and sustained success in the building industry and his extensive public service record.

General Lyon provides our board of directors with extensive senior leadership and industry and operational experience and therefore is well-suited to serve as our Chairman of the Board. Through his experience, his knowledge of our operations and the markets in which we compete, and his professional relationships within our industry, General Lyon is exceptionally qualified to identify important matters for board review and deliberation and is instrumental in assisting the board of directors in determining our corporate strategy. In addition, by serving as both our Chairman of the Board and Executive Chairman, General Lyon serves as an invaluable bridge between management and the board of directors and ensures that they act with a common purpose.

 

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William H. Lyon , Chief Executive Officer, worked full time with the former William Lyon Homes from November 1997 through November 1999 as an assistant project manager, has been employed by the Company since November 1999 and has been a member of the Board since January 25, 2000. Since joining the Company as assistant project manager, Mr. Lyon has served as a Project Manager, the Director of Corporate Development (beginning in 2002), the Director of Corporate Affairs (from February 2003 to February 2005), Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer (from February 2005 to March 2007), and Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer (from March 2007 to March 2009). Mr. Lyon also actively served as the President of William Lyon Financial Services from June 2008 to April 2009. Effective on March 18, 2009, Mr. Lyon was appointed as President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company. In his current role as Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Lyon is responsible for the overall strategic leadership of the Company working closely with the Executive Chairman and executive leaders to establish implement and direct the long-range goals, strategies, plans and policies of the Company. Mr. Lyon is Chairman of the Company’s Management Development and Risk Management Committee and Vice Chair of the Executive Committee. Mr. Lyon is also a member of the Company’s Land Committee. Mr. Lyon is a member of the Board of Directors of Commercial Bank of California, Pretend City Children’s Museum in Irvine, CA and The Bowers Museum in Santa Ana, CA. Mr. Lyon holds a dual B.S. in Industrial Engineering and Product Design from Stanford University. Mr. Lyon is the son of General William Lyon.

With over 15 years of service with our Company, Mr. Lyon brings to our board of directors significant executive and real estate development and homebuilding industry experience, as well as an in-depth understanding of the Company’s business model and operations.

Matthew R. Zaist , President and Chief Operating Officer, joined the Company in 2000 as the Company’s Chief Information Officer. Since joining the Company, Mr. Zaist has served in a number of corporate operational roles, including Executive Vice President from January 2010 to March 2013 and previously, Corporate Vice President—Business Development & Operations from April 2009 to January 2010. Prior to that, Mr. Zaist served as Project Manager and Director of Land Acquisition for the Company’s Southern California Region. In his current role, Mr. Zaist is responsible for the overall management of the Company’s operations and is a member of the Company’s Executive Committee, Chairman of the Company’s Land Committee and Vice Chairman of the Company’s Management Development and Risk Management Committee. In his most recent role as Executive Vice President, Mr. Zaist oversaw and managed the Company’s restructuring efforts and successful recapitalization. Mr. Zaist is a member of the Executive Committee for the University of Southern California’s Lusk Center for Real Estate. Prior to joining William Lyon Homes, Mr. Zaist was a principal with American Management Systems (now CGI) in their State & Local Government practice. Mr. Zaist holds a B.S. from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York.

Colin T. Severn , Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, joined the Company in December 2003, and served in the role of Financial Controller until April 3, 2009. From April 3, 2009, Mr. Severn served as Vice President, Corporate Controller and Corporate Secretary until his promotion to Chief Financial Officer by approval of the board of directors of the Company on August 11, 2009. Mr. Severn continued to serve as the Company’s Corporate Secretary until November 2013. Mr. Severn oversees the Company’s accounting and finance, treasury, and investor relations functions. Mr. Severn is a member of the Company’s Land Committee. Mr. Severn is a CPA (inactive) and has more than 16 years of experience in real estate accounting and finance, including positions with an international accounting firm, and other real estate and homebuilding companies. Mr. Severn holds a B.A. in Business Administration with concentrations in Accounting and Finance from California State University, Fullerton.

Richard S. Robinson , Senior Vice President of Finance, has held this title and served in this capacity since joining the Company in 1999 when it acquired substantially all of the assets of the former William Lyon Homes, where Mr. Robinson had served since May 1997 as Senior Vice President, and as Vice President—Treasurer and other administrative positions at The William Lyon Company or one of its subsidiaries or affiliates since he was hired in June 1979. His experience in residential real estate development and homebuilding finance totals more than 30 years.

Mary J. Connelly , Senior Vice President and Nevada Division President, has held this title and served in this capacity since joining The Presley Companies in May 1995, after eight years’ association with Gateway Development, six of which were served as Managing Partner in Nevada. Ms. Connelly was Vice President of Finance for the Company’s San Diego Division from 1985 to 1987, and she has more than 25 years of experience in the real estate development and homebuilding industry. She received her bachelor’s degree in Arts Business Administration with a concentration in accounting from the University of California, Los Angeles and Cal State University, Fullerton and her Masters of Science in Business Administration from the University of California, Irvine.

W. Thomas Hickcox , Senior Vice President and Arizona Division President, has held this title and served in this capacity since joining the Company in May 2000. Mr. Hickcox was previously President of Continental Homes in Phoenix, Arizona, with 16 years of service at that company. Mr. Hickcox has more than 25 years of experience in the real estate development and homebuilding industry. He received his bachelor’s degree in finance from Indiana University.

 

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Brian W. Doyle , Senior Vice President and California Region President, joined the Company in 1999 when it acquired substantially all of the assets of the former William Lyon Homes, where Mr. Doyle had served as Director of Sales and Marketing for the Southern California Division since November 1997. In January 2006, Mr. Doyle became Vice President and Division Manager for the San Diego Division. In January 2008, Mr. Doyle became Division President for the San Diego/Inland Division. In February 2009, Mr. Doyle became the Southern California Division President and in 2010, was promoted to California Region President. Mr. Doyle has more than 23 years of experience in the real estate development and homebuilding industry.

J. Eric Eckberg , Senior Vice President and Colorado Division President, has held this position since the acquisition of Village Homes in December 2012, where he served as President of Village Homes. Mr. Eckberg has over 25 years of senior level experience in community development and homebuilding in Colorado. He serves on the Executive Committee for HomeAid Colorado as Past President and is a board member for the Homebuilders Association of Metropolitan Denver. Mr. Eckberg received a BBSA in Real Estate and Construction Management from the University of Denver.

Maureen L. Singer , Vice President of Human Resources, joined the Company in 2003 as Director of Human Resources, and was promoted to Vice President in 2007. Ms. Singer is responsible for all aspects of human resources including employee relations, compensation, benefits, compliance and staffing. Prior to joining the Company, she worked for Automatic Data Processing for over 16 years. Ms. Singer has more than 20 years of experience and holds a B.A. in Business Administration from California State University, Fullerton.

Douglas K. Ammerman was appointed to the board of directors on February 27, 2007. Mr. Ammerman’s business career includes almost three decades of service with KPMG, independent public accountants, until his retirement in 2002. He was the Managing Partner of the Orange County office and was a National Partner in Charge—Tax. He is a certified public accountant (inactive). Since 2005, Mr. Ammerman has served as a member of the Board of Directors of Fidelity National Financial (a company listed on the New York Stock Exchange), where he also serves as Chairman of the Audit Committee. Mr. Ammerman is also a member of the Board of Directors of Remy International, Inc. (a company listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market) and El Pollo Loco, for both of which he also serves as Chairman of the Audit Committee. In addition, during the past five years Mr. Ammerman had served as a member of the Board of Directors of Quiksilver (a company listed on the New York Stock Exchange), where he served as Chairman of the Audit Committee and a member of both the Compensation and Nominating and Corporate Governance committees. Mr. Ammerman has served as a director of The Pacific Club for twelve years and is a past president. He also has served as a director of the UCI Foundation for fourteen years. Mr. Ammerman is a member of the Audit Committee of Stantec. Mr. Ammerman holds a B.A. in Accounting from California State University, Fullerton, and a master’s degree in Business Taxation from University of Southern California.

With nearly three decades of accounting experience, as well as significant executive and board experience, Mr. Ammerman provides our board of directors with operational, financial and strategic planning insights. Mr. Ammerman developed his finance and accounting expertise while holding positions such as Managing Partner and National Partner at KPMG. With this experience, Mr. Ammerman possesses the financial acumen requisite to serve as our Audit Committee Financial Expert and provides the board with valuable insight into finance and accounting related matters.

Michael Barr was appointed to the board of directors on November 7, 2012 to fill a new Board seat created in connection with the investment of affiliates of Paulson in the Company. Mr. Barr currently serves as the Portfolio Manager for the Paulson Real Estate Funds where he is responsible for all aspects of the real estate private equity business. He is also a partner in Paulson, which he joined in 2008.

From 2001 through 2008, Mr. Barr worked within the Lehman Brothers Real Estate Private Equity Group, serving most recently as a Managing Director of the firm and a principal of Lehman Brothers Real Estate Partners. In this capacity, he was responsible for identifying, evaluating and executing transactions throughout the United States and across all asset classes. While at Lehman Brothers, Mr. Barr led the acquisition of over $8 billion in assets. Prior to joining Lehman Brothers, Mr. Barr served as a principal and a member of the Investment Committee of Westbrook Partners, a real estate merchant banking firm founded by Tiger Management Corporation. During his tenure at Westbrook, which spanned three real estate investment funds, Mr. Barr originated and executed a wide range of real estate transactions. He began his career in the Real Estate Investment Banking group at Merrill Lynch & Co., where he participated in numerous financing and advisory assignments for both public and private real estate companies. Mr. Barr holds a B.B.A. from the University of Wisconsin. He currently serves on the board of Extended Stay Hotels and previously was a board member of Gables Residential Trust and Tishman Hotel & Realty.

 

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With his extensive experience managing a wide variety of real estate transactions, Mr. Barr brings to our board of directors a deep understanding of and valuable expertise in real estate investment and finance.

Gary H. Hunt joined the board of directors on October 17, 2005 with over 30 years of experience in real estate. He spent 25 years with The Irvine Company, one of the nation’s largest master planning and land development organizations, serving 10 years as its Executive Vice President and member of its Board of Directors and Executive Committee. Mr. Hunt led the company’s major entitlement, regional infrastructure, planning, legal and strategic government relations, as well as media and community relations activities.

As a founding Partner in 2001 and now the Vice Chairman of California Strategies, LLC, Mr. Hunt serves as a Senior Advisor to the largest master-planned community and real estate developers in the Western United States, including Tejon Ranch, DMB Pacific Ventures, Five Point Communities, Lennar, Kennecott Land Company, Lewis Group of Companies, Newhall Land, Strategic Hotels and Resorts REIT, Inland American Trust REIT, to name a few. Mr. Hunt also works or has worked with major national financial institutions, including Morgan Stanley, Alvarez & Marsal Capital Group, LLC, and regional banks, to manage projects through the current real estate macro-economic restructuring and re-entitlement period.

Mr. Hunt currently serves on the boards of Glenair Corporation, University of California, Irvine Foundation and is Vice Chairman of CT Realty. He formally was a member and lead independent director of Grubb & Ellis Corporation and for sixteen months served as interim President and CEO.

Matthew R. Niemann was appointed to the board of directors on February 25, 2012. Mr. Niemann is a Managing Director and Head of Houlihan Lokey Capital’s Real Estate Investment Banking Group. He is a senior member of Houlihan’s Financial Restructuring business, and first joined the firm in 1999. Before rejoining Houlihan in 2008, Mr. Niemann spent three years with Cerberus Capital and served as senior managing director and chief strategic officer of GMAC ResCap (a Cerberus portfolio company) in charge of strategy for its $5.0 billion portfolio of builder and developer real estate investments. Mr. Niemann has been involved as a principal or advisor in a wide range of M&A, financing, restructuring and real estate transactions throughout his career, and is a frequent speaker and regularly testifies as an expert in these areas. Earlier in his career, Mr. Niemann was with KPMG and PricewaterhouseCoopers and practiced law for several years in the Corporate, Banking & Real Estate practice of Bryan Cave in St. Louis. Mr. Niemann holds a law and finance degree from St. Louis University, where he served on the Law Review. He was a guest lecturer at the Kellogg Graduate School of Management at Northwestern University in Chicago; a member of the Ph.D. Dissertation Committee at Webster University; and has also served on the Board of Directors and Executive Committee (Treasurer) of the Ronald McDonald Houses of Greater St. Louis.

With extensive experience as an attorney, financial advisor and investment principal, Mr. Niemann brings to the board of directors demonstrated leadership skills and expertise in capital markets, real estate investment and finance.

Nathaniel Redleaf was appointed to the board of directors on February 25, 2012. Since 2006, he has served in an analyst capacity at Luxor, a diversified investment fund with several billion dollars under management. Mr. Redleaf’s investment practice focuses primarily on the homebuilding, commercial real estate, finance and gaming sectors. Mr. Redleaf currently serves as a member of the board of directors of Innovate Managed Holdings LLC and Eastland Tire Australia Pty. He holds a degree in Political Economy of Industrial Societies from UC Berkeley.

With his investment practice focusing primarily on the homebuilding and other-related sectors, Mr. Redleaf brings to our board of directors valuable experience in real estate investment and finance.

Lynn Carlson Schell was appointed to the board of directors on February 25, 2012. Ms. Carlson Schell currently serves as the Managing Principal and Chief Executive Officer of Shelter Corporation and The Waters Senior Living, directing the firm’s strategic planning and long-term growth. Since founding Shelter Corporation in 1993, Ms. Carlson Schell has developed or acquired multi-family and senior housing consisting of over 15,000 units and comprising $800 million of real estate. Ms. Carlson Schell’s core accomplishments include her leadership role in driving Shelter Corporation’s development of affordable housing and spearheading its successful diversification into senior living communities with the 1998 formation of The Waters Senior Living. In 2009, Ms. Carlson Schell was honored as an Industry Leader by the Minneapolis/St. Paul Business Journal. Prior to founding Shelter Corporation, Ms. Carlson Schell spent nine years working as an associate and senior developer with Can-American Corporation. She was responsible for residential, condominium and apartment developments in the Midwest and Florida. Ms. Carlson Schell currently serves as the chair of the board of directors at the Friends of the Hennepin County Library Foundation and previously served as the Treasurer of the Twin Cities Chapter of the Young Presidents’ Organization. She also serves on the board of directors of the Walker Art Center.

With over thirty years of real estate and executive experience, as well as significant board experience, Ms. Carlson Schell provides our board of directors with operational, financial and strategic planning insights.

 

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On December 19, 2011, the Company and its subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions with the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware to seek approval of the Plan. At that time, the officers listed above, with the exception of Mr. Eckberg, served as executive officers of the Company in their respective capacities. After emerging from bankruptcy on February 25, 2012, such officers continued to serve as executive officers of the Company.

Board of Directors

Our board of directors consists of eight directors, seven of whom were appointed pursuant to the Plan. The current directors will hold office until the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2014 and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. Other than as provided for in the Plan, the Paulson Subscription Agreement (as described elsewhere) or the stockholder agreements described below, we are not aware of any understandings between the directors or any other persons pursuant to which such individuals were elected as directors or are to be selected as a director or nominee in the future; however, pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation, as described below, certain classes of stockholders have the right to elect certain of our directors.

Pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation and our bylaws, the total number of directors constituting our board of directors will be fixed exclusively by the board of directors. Until the date all shares of our Class B Common Stock are converted to Class A Common Stock or otherwise cease to be outstanding, or the Full Conversion Date, all directors will be elected, appointed and removed by all common stockholders voting as a single class, with each share of Class A Common Stock having one vote and each share of Class B Common Stock having five votes. Until the Conversion Date, each of the members of our board of directors will be elected at an annual meeting of the stockholders and hold office until the next annual meeting of the stockholders. Further, Luxor, Paulson and the entity affiliated with William H. Lyon, which collectively control approximately 76.5% of the total voting power of the Company’s outstanding capital stock, assuming exercise in full of the outstanding warrant to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock, have entered into stockholder agreements with respect to the election of up to six seats on our board of directors, whereby each such stockholder has agreed to vote in favor of the director nominees supported by each of the other stockholders. The Company is not party to such agreements.

The Certificate of Incorporation provides further that on the Full Conversion Date, our board of directors will be divided into three classes to be comprised of the directors in office, as determined by the directors in office, with each class serving for a staggered three-year term. From the Full Conversion Date, Class I directors will serve an initial one-year term expiring at the first annual meeting of stockholders following the Full Conversion Date. Class II directors will serve an initial two-year term expiring at the second annual meeting of stockholders following the Full Conversion Date. Class III directors will serve an initial three-year term expiring at the third annual meeting of stockholders following the Full Conversion Date. Upon the expiration of the initial term of each class of directors, the directors in that class will be eligible to be elected for a new three-year term. Our directors will hold office until their successors have been elected and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation, disqualification or removal. Executive officers are appointed by and serve at the direction of our board of directors. After our board of directors is classified as described in the foregoing, no director may be removed except for cause and only with the affirmative vote of at least 66  2 / 3 % in voting power of all the then-outstanding shares of stock of the Company entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class.

Subject to the special rights of any series of preferred stock to elect directors, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled only by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director or by the stockholders entitled to vote at any annual or special meeting held in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation, and the directors so chosen will hold office until the next annual or special meeting called for that purpose and until their successors are duly elected and qualified, or until their earlier resignation or removal.

The board of directors seeks to ensure that the board of directors is composed of members whose particular experience, qualifications, attributes and skills, when taken together, will allow the board of directors to satisfy its oversight responsibilities effectively. New directors are approved by the board of directors after recommendation by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. In the case of a vacancy on the board of directors, the board of directors approves a Director to fill the vacancy following the recommendation of a candidate by the Chairman of the Board. In identifying candidates for director, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and the board of directors take into account (1) the comments and recommendations of board members regarding the qualifications and effectiveness of the existing board of directors, or additional qualifications that may be required when selecting new board members, that may be made in connection with annual assessments prepared by each director of the effectiveness of the board of directors and of each committee of the board of directors on which he or she serves, (2) the requisite expertise and sufficiently diverse backgrounds of the board of directors’ overall membership composition, (3) the independence of outside directors and other possible conflicts of interest of existing and potential members of the board of directors and (4) all other factors it considers appropriate.

 

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When considering whether directors and nominees have the experience, qualifications, attributes and skills, taken as a whole, to enable the board of directors to satisfy its oversight responsibilities effectively in light of the Company’s business and structure, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and the board of directors focused primarily on the information discussed in each of the directors’ individual biographies set forth above. Although diversity may be a consideration in the selection of directors, the Company and the board of directors do not have a formal policy with regard to the consideration of diversity in identifying director nominees.

Director Independence

Under the listing requirements and rules of the New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE, independent directors must comprise a majority of a listed company’s board of directors within a specified period. In addition, NYSE rules require that, subject to specified exceptions, each member of a listed company’s audit, compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees be independent. Audit committee members must also satisfy the independence criteria set forth in Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. Under NYSE rules, a director will only qualify as an “independent director” if such person is not an executive officer or employee of the listed company and, in the opinion of that company’s board of directors, that person does not otherwise have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director.

In order to be considered independent for purposes of Rule 10A-3, a member of an audit committee of a listed company may not, other than in his or her capacity as a member of the audit committee, the board of directors, or any other board committee, (1) accept, directly or indirectly, any consulting, advisory, or other compensatory fee from the listed company or any of its subsidiaries; or (2) be an affiliated person of the listed company or any of its subsidiaries.

Our board of directors has undertaken a review of its composition, the composition of its committees and the independence of each director. Based upon information requested from and provided by each of our directors concerning his background, employment and affiliations, including family relationships, our board of directors has determined that, except for General Lyon and William H. Lyon, none of our directors has a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director and that each of these directors is “independent” as that term is defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing requirements and rules of the NYSE. In making this determination, our board of directors considered the current and prior relationships that each non-employee director has with us and all other facts and circumstances our board of directors deemed relevant in determining their independence, including the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by each non-employee director.

Board Meetings

Our board of directors held 16 meetings during fiscal year 2012. During fiscal year 2012, all incumbent directors attended at least 75% of the combined total of (i) all board of directors meetings and (ii) all meetings of committees of the board of directors of which the incumbent director was a member. Matthew R. Niemann, Nathaniel Redleaf and Lynn Carlson Schell were appointed to our board on February 25, 2012 and Michael Barr was appointed on November 7, 2012. Each of Messrs. Niemann, Redleaf and Barr and Ms. Carlson Schell attended at least 75% of the combined total of board meetings and committee meetings of which they were a member. The board has a policy that all directors attend the annual meeting of stockholders, absent unusual circumstances. The Company did not hold an annual meeting of its stockholders in 2012.

Committees of the Board of Directors

We currently have four standing committees: an audit committee, a compensation committee, a nominating and corporate governance committee and a corporate finance committee. The charters of all four of our standing board committees are available upon request.

Audit Committee

The Company has a standing Audit Committee, which is chaired by Douglas Ammerman and consists of Messrs. Ammerman, Hunt and Niemann and Ms. Schell. The board of directors has determined that each of these directors is independent as defined by the applicable rules of the NYSE and the SEC, and that each member of the Audit Committee meets the financial literacy and experience requirements of the applicable SEC and NYSE rules. In addition, the board of directors has determined that Mr. Ammerman is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the SEC. The Audit Committee met seven times in 2012.

 

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Our Audit Committee charter requires that the Audit Committee oversee our corporate accounting and financial reporting processes. The primary responsibilities and functions of our Audit Committee are, among other things, as follows:

 

   

approve in advance all auditing services, including the provision of comfort letters in connection with securities offerings and various non-audit services permitted by applicable law to be provided to the Company by its independent auditors;

 

   

evaluate our independent auditor’s qualifications, independence and performance;

 

   

determine and approve the engagement and compensation of our independent auditor;

 

   

meet with our independent auditor to review and approve the plan and scope for each audit and review and recommend action with respect to the results of such audit;

 

   

annually evaluate our independent auditor’s internal quality-control procedures and all relationships between the independent auditor and the Company which may impact their objectivity and independence;

 

   

monitor the rotation of partners and managers of the independent auditor as required;

 

   

review our consolidated financial statements;

 

   

review our critical accounting policies and estimates, including any significant changes in the Company’s selection or application of accounting principles;

 

   

review analyses prepared by management and/or the independent auditor setting forth significant financial reporting issues and judgments made in connection with the preparation of the financial statements;

 

   

resolve any disagreements between management and the independent auditor regarding financial reporting;

 

   

review and discuss with the Company’s independent auditor and management the Company’s audited financial statements, including related disclosures;

 

   

discuss with our management and our independent auditor the results of our annual audit and the review of our audited financial statements;

 

   

meet periodically with our management and internal audit team to consider the adequacy of our internal controls and the objectivity of our financial reporting;

 

   

establish procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints regarding internal accounting controls or auditing matters and the confidential, anonymous submission by employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters; and

 

   

retain, in its sole discretion, its own separate advisors.

Compensation Committee

The Company has a standing Compensation Committee, which is chaired by Matthew R. Niemann and consists of Messrs. Hunt, Ammerman and Niemann and Ms. Schell. Our board of directors has determined that each of these directors is independent under NYSE rules and qualifies as a non-employee director for purposes of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act. The Compensation Committee met five times in 2012.

Pursuant to its charter, the primary responsibilities and functions of our Compensation Committee are, among other things, as follows:

 

   

evaluate the performance of executive officers in light of certain corporate goals and objectives and determine and approve their compensation packages;

 

   

recommend to the board of directors new compensation programs or arrangements if deemed appropriate;

 

   

recommend to the board of directors compensation programs for directors based on the practices of similarly situated companies;

 

   

counsel management with respect to personnel compensation policies and programs;

 

   

review and approve all equity compensation plans of the Company;

 

   

oversee the Company’s assessment of any risks arising from its compensation programs and policies likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company;

 

   

prepare an annual report on executive compensation for inclusion in our proxy statement; and

 

   

retain, in its sole discretion, its own separate advisors.

 

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Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

The Company has a standing Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, which is chaired by Gary H. Hunt and consists of Messrs. Hunt, Ammerman, Niemann and Redleaf and Ms. Schell. Our board of directors has determined that each of these directors is independent under NYSE rules. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee did not meet in 2012.

Pursuant to its charter, the primary responsibilities and functions of our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are, among other things, as follows:

 

   

establish standards for service on our board of directors and nominating guidelines and principles;

 

   

identify, screen and review qualified individuals to be nominated for election to our board of directors and to fill vacancies or newly created board positions;

 

   

assist the board of directors in making determinations regarding director independence as well as the financial literacy and expertise of Audit Committee members and nominees;

 

   

establish criteria for committee membership and recommend directors to serve on each committee;

 

   

consider and make recommendations to our board of directors regarding its size and composition, committee composition and structure and procedures affecting directors;

 

   

conduct an annual evaluation and review of the performance of existing directors;

 

   

review and monitor compliance with, and the effectiveness of, the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines and its Code of Business Conduct and Ethics;

 

   

monitor our corporate governance principles and practices and make recommendations to our board of directors regarding governance matters, including our certificate of incorporation, bylaws and charters of our committees; and

 

   

retain, in its sole discretion, its own separate advisors.

Corporate Finance Committee

The Company recently formed a Corporate Finance Committee, which is co-chaired by Mr. Ammerman and Ms. Schell, and consists of Messrs. Ammerman and Niemann, and Ms. Schell, in order to consider and make recommendations to the board of directors regarding issues impacting the financial structure and strategic direction of the Company, including, but not limited to, stock and debt issuance and repurchase policies, stock splits and other proposed changes to the Company’s capital structure, mergers, acquisitions and divestiture activities, and strategic partnerships and investments. The charter of the Corporate Finance Committee provides that each member of the Corporate Finance Committee must be a non-employee director and must be independent, as defined under applicable law and stock exchange rules.

Pursuant to its charter, the primary responsibilities of our Corporate Finance Committee are, among other things, as follows:

 

   

serve as the designated subcommittee of the board of directors for the pricing of debt and equity offerings, as directed by the board of directors;

 

   

review and make recommendations to the board of directors regarding changes in the Company’s capital structure, including, but not limited to (i) programs to issue or repurchase the Company’s stock, (ii) issues relating to the redemption and/or issuance of any preferred stock of the Company and (iii) stock splits;

 

   

review and make recommendations to the board of directors regarding significant stockholder transfers for which the approval of the board of directors is requested or required;

 

   

review and make recommendations on financing for mergers, acquisitions and other major financial transactions requiring the approval of the board of directors; and

 

   

evaluate any bona fide proposal from a party (other than the Company) that could reasonably be expected to result in a major acquisition, disposition, divestiture, sale, merger or similar major transaction of the Company for recommendation to the full board of directors.

Other Committees

Our board of directors may establish other committees as it deems necessary or appropriate from time to time.

 

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Board Leadership Structure

Our current leadership structure permits the roles of Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer to be filled by the same or different individuals. Effective as of March 6, 2013, William H. Lyon assumed the role of Chief Executive Officer, with General Lyon continuing as Chairman of the Board and Executive Chairman. Our board of directors has determined this structure to be in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders at this time due to General Lyon’s extensive history with the Company. Separating the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer roles further allows the Chief Executive Officer to focus his time and energy on operating and managing the Company and leveraging the experience and perspectives of the Chairman of the Board.

Furthermore, Mr. Hunt serves as our lead independent director, and has served in such role since May 2012. As the board’s lead independent director, Mr. Hunt holds a critical role in assuring effective corporate governance and in managing the affairs of our board of directors. Among other responsibilities, Mr. Hunt:

 

   

presides over executive sessions of the board of directors and over board meetings when the Chairman of the Board is not in attendance;

 

   

consults with the Chairman of the Board and other board members on corporate governance practices and policies, and assuming the primary leadership role in addressing issues of this nature if, under the circumstances, it is inappropriate for the Chairman of the Board to assume such leadership;

 

   

meets informally with other outside directors between board meetings to assure free and open communication within the group of outside directors;

 

   

assists the Chairman of the Board in preparing the board agenda so that the agenda includes items requested by non-management members of our board of directors;

 

   

administers the annual board evaluation and reporting the results to the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee; and

 

   

assumes other responsibilities that the non-management directors might designate from time to time.

The Board periodically reviews the leadership structure and may make changes in the future.

Board Risk Oversight

The board of directors is actively involved in oversight of risks that could affect the Company. The board of directors satisfies this responsibility through full reports by each committee chair (principally, the Audit Committee chair) regarding such committee’s considerations and actions, as well as through regular reports directly from the officers responsible for oversight of particular risks within the Company.

The Audit Committee is primarily responsible for overseeing the risk management function at the Company on behalf of the board of directors. In carrying out its responsibilities, the Audit Committee works closely with management. The Audit Committee meets at least quarterly with members of management and, among things, receives an update on management’s assessment of risk exposures (including risks related to liquidity, credit and operations, among others). The Audit Committee chair provides periodic reports on risk management to the full board of directors.

In addition to the Audit Committee, the other committees of the board of directors consider the risks within their areas of responsibility. For example, the Compensation Committee considers the risks that may be implicated by the Company’s executive compensation programs. The Company does not believe that risks relating to its compensation policies and practices are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Code of Ethics and Business Conduct

The board of directors has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, or the Code of Ethics, that is applicable to all directors, employees and officers of the Company. The Code of Ethics constitutes the Company’s “code of ethics” within the meaning of Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company intends to disclose future amendments to certain provisions of the Code of Ethics, or waivers of such provisions applicable to the Company’s directors and executive officers, on the Company’s website at www.lyonhomes.com.

The Code of Ethics is available on the Company’s website at www.lyonhomes.com. In addition, printed copies of the Code of Ethics are available upon written request to Investor Relations, William Lyon Homes, 4695 MacArthur Court, 8 th Floor, Newport Beach, California 92660.

 

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Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

The members of the Company’s Compensation Committee who served during the last completed fiscal year were Douglas K. Ammerman, Michael Barr, Gary H. Hunt, Matthew R. Niemann and Lynn Carlson Schell. None of the members of the Compensation Committee has ever been an officer or employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries. None of the Company’s named executive officers has ever served as a director or member of the Compensation Committee (or other board committee performing equivalent functions) of another entity, one of whose executive officers served in either of those capacities for the Company.

Stockholder Communications with the Board of Directors

Stockholders may send communications to our board of directors by writing to the Company, c/o William Lyon Homes, 4695 MacArthur Court, 8 th Floor, Newport Beach, California 92660, Attention: Board of Directors.

Director Compensation

Our non-employee directors receive an annual cash retainer of $50,000 per year, payable in equal quarterly installments in advance, as well as a $50,000 equity award retainer for 2012 ($75,000 for 2013), as described below. Mr. Hunt, as the lead independent director, receives an additional $50,000 annual cash retainer (payable quarterly) and $25,000 equity award retainer. Our non-employee directors also receive a $1,500 fee for each board meeting attended in person and $1,000 for each meeting attended via teleconference. In addition, the chairperson of the Audit Committee of the board of directors receives a fee of $20,000 per year, payable $5,000 per calendar quarter, to serve in such capacity, the chairperson of the Compensation Committee of the board of directors receives a fee of $15,000 per year, payable $3,750 per calendar quarter, to serve in such capacity, the chairperson of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the board of directors receives a fee of $10,000 per year, payable $2,500 per calendar quarter, to serve in such capacity, and other committee members receive a fee of $5,000 per year, payable $1,250 per calendar quarter, per committee for service on committees of the board of directors.

With respect to non-employee directors’ compensation, on October 1, 2012, the Company granted 57,000 shares of restricted stock to each of its non-employee directors, which were fully vested on the date of grant and subject to certain restrictions. On the same date, the Company granted Mr. Hunt, the lead independent director, an additional grant of 28,500 shares of restricted stock, which were also fully vested on the date of grant. On December 5, 2012, the Company cancelled Mr. Redleaf’s grant of 57,000 shares of restricted stock and in lieu thereof granted him a cash award with the equivalent value of $59,850 in respect of Mr. Redleaf’s services as a non-employee director. In consideration for their efforts and service through the restructuring, Messrs. Hunt and Ammerman also received a one-time cash bonus of $50,000 each in 2012.

For 2013, the board of directors permitted each non-employee director, other than Messrs. Barr and Redleaf, to elect to receive his or her annual cash retainer in the form of restricted stock pursuant to each director’s election. Messrs. Hunt, Ammerman and Niemann and Ms. Carlson Schell each elected to receive their entire annual retainer, including the cash portion, in restricted shares of our Class D Common Stock. Messrs. Barr and Redleaf will receive their 2013 annual retainer in cash. On March 1, 2013, the Company granted 73,529 restricted shares of our Class D Common Stock to each of Messrs. Hunt, Ammerman and Niemann and Ms. Carlson Schell, which represents for each director a $75,000 value with respect to the equity award retainer and $50,000 value for the annual cash retainer. On the same date, the Company granted Mr. Hunt, the lead independent director, an additional 44,118 shares, which represents the value of his additional $50,000 cash retainer and $25,000 in equity compensation as lead independent director. Each of the restricted stock awards granted to the non-employee directors will be earned on a quarterly basis and vest in full on March 1, 2014.

 

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The following table sets forth information concerning the compensation of the directors during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012.

 

Name

   Fees Earned
or Paid
in Cash
($)
     Stock
Awards
($)
     Option
Awards
($)
     Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)
     Change in
Pension Value
and Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)
     All Other
Compensation
($)(1)
     Total
($)
 

Douglas K. Ammerman

     165,500         59,850         —          —          —          50,000         275,350   

Michael Barr(2)

     —          —          —          —          —          —          —    

Harold H. Greene(3)

     18,500         —          —          —          —          —          18,500   

Gary H. Hunt

     199,250         89,775         —          —          —          50,000         339,025   

Alex Meruelo(3)

     17,875         —          —          —          —          —          17,875   

Matthew R. Niemann(3)

     96,125         59,850         —          —          —          —          155,975   

Nathaniel Redleaf(3)(4)

     134,350         —          —          —          —          —          134,350   

Lynn Carlson Schell(3)

     85,750         59,850         —          —          —          —          145,600   

 

(1) Includes one-time cash bonus of $50,000 paid to Messrs. Ammerman and Hunt for their efforts and service through the restructuring.
(2) Mr. Barr was appointed to the Company’s board of directors on November 7, 2012 and waived director compensation for the 2012 calendar year. For 2013, Mr. Barr’s fees will be paid to a fund affiliated with Paulson.
(3) On February 25, 2012, in connection with the confirmation of the Plan, Messrs. Greene and Meruelo resigned from the Company’s board of directors and Messrs. Niemann and Redleaf and Ms. Carlson Schell were appointed to the Company’s board of directors.
(4) Mr. Redleaf’s fees are paid to an affiliate of Luxor.

Under the Company’s Non-Qualified Retirement Plan for Outside Directors (the Non-Qualified Retirement Plan), each non-employee director is eligible to receive $2,000 per month beginning on the first day of the month following death, disability or retirement at age 72; or, in the case of a non-employee director who ceases participation in the plan prior to death, disability or retirement at age 72 but has completed at least ten years of service as a director, eligibility for benefit payments pursuant to the plan begins on the first day of the month following the latter of (a) the day on which such person attains the age of 65, or (b) the day on which such person’s service terminates after completing at least ten years of service as a director. The monthly payments will continue for a number of months equal to the number of months the non-employee director served as a director and are payable to the director’s beneficiary in the event of the director’s death. If a retired non-employee director receiving payments under the plan resumes his status as a director or becomes an employee, the payments under the plan are suspended during the period of such service. The Non-Qualified Retirement Plan was terminated in May 2012 as to future deferrals. Each non-employee director eligible to receive benefits under the plan when terminated was “grandfathered” into the plan and such directors will continue to accrue and receive benefits in accordance with the provisions of the plan in effect at the time of its termination. Among our outside directors listed in the table above, only Mr. Greene, our former director, is eligible to receive distributions under the Non-Qualified Retirement Plan.

On February 27, 2013, the board of directors adopted stock ownership requirements for our non-employee directors, requiring such directors to hold stock with a value equal to two times the director’s annual retainer value (both cash and equity award retainers).

 

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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Executive Summary

Key Compensation Decisions and Actions in 2012:

 

   

The Compensation Committee retained an independent compensation consultant to advise the Compensation Committee on executive compensation matters.

 

   

Base salaries remained the same for named executive officers in 2012.

 

   

The Company adopted an equity incentive plan and introduced long-term equity compensation as an element of its pay practices.

 

   

The Company entered into new employment agreements to retain key talent among its named executive officer group.

Key Compensation Highlights for 2013

 

   

The Company adopted a 2013 annual incentive cash bonus program for its named executive officers.

 

   

The Company adopted a 2013 long-term equity incentive program consisting of performance-based restricted stock grants to its named executive officers.

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

This Compensation Discussion and Analysis section discusses the material elements of the compensation programs and policies in place for the Company’s named executive officers, or NEOs, during 2012. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, the Company had five NEOs (1) , as follows:

 

   

General William Lyon, Chairman of the Board and Executive Chairman;

 

   

William H. Lyon, Director and Chief Executive Officer;

 

   

Matthew R. Zaist, President and Chief Operating Officer;

 

   

Colin T. Severn, Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary; and

 

   

Brian W. Doyle, Senior Vice President and California Region President.

 

(1) The NEO titles listed above are titles effective as of March 6, 2013. As of December 31, 2012, General William Lyon served as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, William H. Lyon served as Director, President and Chief Operating Officer, and Matthew R. Zaist served as Executive Vice President. Colin T. Severn no longer serves as Corporate Secretary effective as of November 5, 2013.

Compensation Philosophy and Objectives

The goals of the Company’s compensation program are to provide significant rewards for successful performance and to encourage retention of top executives who may have attractive opportunities at other companies, given the highly competitive homebuilding industry. At the same time, the Company tries to keep its selling, general and administrative, or SG&A, costs at competitive levels when compared with other major homebuilders.

Role of the Compensation Committee and Compensation Consultants

The Company’s executive compensation decisions are made by the Compensation Committee, which is composed entirely of independent non-employee members of the Company’s board of directors. The Compensation Committee receives recommendations from the Company’s senior executive management team regarding the compensation of the Company’s executives. The Compensation Committee also consults with outside independent compensation consultants as it deems appropriate. In March 2012, the Compensation Committee retained Christenson Advisors as its independent compensation consultant to advise the Compensation Committee with respect to various elements of our executive compensation pay structure for 2012 and going forward. In 2012 and early 2013, Mr. William H. Lyon and Mr. Zaist were involved in the compensation process by making recommendations to the Compensation Committee regarding compensation for the NEOs and other senior executives and by working with Christenson Advisors to give them the information necessary to enable them to complete their reports.

 

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In general, the Compensation Committee strives to achieve an appropriate mix between equity incentive awards and cash payments in order to meet its compensation objectives. The objective of the Company’s non-cash and long-term incentive-based programs is to align the compensation of the NEOs with the interests of the Company’s stockholders. However, the Compensation Committee does not have rigid apportionment goals or policies for allocating compensation between long-term and short-term compensation or cash and non-cash compensation. The Company’s mix of compensation elements is designed to reward recent results and motivate long-term performance through a combination of cash and equity incentive awards. The differences in NEO compensation levels reflect to a significant degree the varying roles and responsibilities of each NEO.

During 2012 and with respect to certain compensation decisions made in early 2013, the Compensation Committee reviewed the Company’s compensation programs and practices in light of certain comparative data on long-term equity compensation, base salaries and bonuses compiled by its independent compensation consultant, Christenson Advisors, at the request of the Compensation Committee. Given the anticipation that the Company would become publicly traded, Christenson Advisors compiled information on the compensation practices of a public homebuilder peer group that generally included the following companies: Beazer Homes, DR Horton, Hovnanian Enterprises, KB Home, Lennar, MDC Holdings, Meritage Homes, Pulte Group, Ryland Group, Standard Pacific and Toll Brothers. In selecting the homebuilders most comparable to the Company to be included in the peer group, Christenson Advisors focused on companies’ size, location and development projects, as well as the background and experience of management. Christenson also provided the Compensation Committee with select compensation data for a number of private homebuilder companies, based on Christenson’s survey of such companies.

In setting the compensation levels of the Company’s executive officers for 2012, the Compensation Committee reviewed the peer group data compiled by Christenson Advisors and relied on Christenson Advisors’ peer group analyses of public and private homebuilders, utilizing this data to justify the Compensation Committee’s decisions regarding compensation levels for the Company’s executive officers for 2012. In arriving at its decisions, the Compensation Committee generally benchmarked its decisions against the bottom quartile of the public homebuilder peer group companies and the top quartile of the private homebuilder data in the analyses provided by Christenson Advisors. Benchmarking against peer group companies was one aspect of the process used to establish fiscal year 2012 compensation, as the Compensation Committee also relied on its experience and judgment as well as the Company’s recent performance and restructuring and the current economic environment to set overall compensation levels. The Compensation Committee also based its determinations for 2012 compensation levels on each individual NEO’s leadership qualities, operational performance, business responsibilities, career with our company, current compensation arrangements and long-term potential to enhance stockholder value. The Compensation Committee has been advised by Christenson Advisors that 2012 overall compensation for our NEOs fell within the targeted benchmark of the bottom quartile of the public homebuilder peer group companies and the top quartile of the private homebuilders surveyed by Christenson, adequately reflecting the Company’s relative market position and growth as it emerged from restructuring.

Elements of Compensation

Base Salary

The Company’s Compensation Committee generally reviews the base salary of the Company’s NEOs annually. Salary is the principal component of the compensation of General Lyon and Mr. Lyon, who together hold a significant equity stake in the Company and as a result have incentives generally aligned with the Company’s other stockholders. With respect to Messrs. Severn, Zaist and Doyle, the Company does not regard salary as the principal component of compensation, and also uses short-term annual bonuses and long-term equity incentives to reward performance and loyalty while keeping SG&A costs competitive. In 2012, the Compensation Committee balanced the goals of maintaining competitive salaries while also being mindful of the Company’s financial position, determining that each NEO’s base salary as of the end of 2011 would continue unchanged throughout 2012. Effective March 11, 2013, the base salaries of Messrs. William H. Lyon, Severn, Zaist and Doyle were increased as reflected below, based in part on the Compensation Committee’s desire to benchmark against the bottom quartile of the public homebuilder peer group companies and the top quartile of the private homebuilder data in the analyses provided by Christenson Advisors in early 2013, as well as the Compensation Committee’s determination that such increases were warranted based on the Company’s and the executives’ performances during 2012. The table below shows each NEO’s annual base salary for each of the 2012 and 2013 fiscal years.

 

Name

   FY 2012 Base Salary ($)      FY 2013 Base Salary ($)  

General William Lyon

     1,000,000         1,000,000   

Colin T. Severn

     200,000         250,000   

William H. Lyon

     500,000         600,000   

Matthew R. Zaist

     350,000         500,000   

Brian W. Doyle

     275,000         300,000   

 

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2012 Annual Bonuses

The Compensation Committee, in its sole discretion, determined awards of annual bonuses for fiscal year 2012 based on Christenson Advisors’ peer group analyses, described above, as well as a number of subjective Company and individual performance factors, including but not limited to, the Company’s profitability and growth emerging from Chapter 11 restructuring and each NEO’s contribution to the Company and leadership and initiative in helping the Company emerge from the restructuring. Because 2012 served as a transitional year for the Company as it emerged from restructuring, the Compensation Committee determined it would be more appropriate to award 2012 annual bonuses on a number of subjective factors, rather than objective performance criteria. No one subjective factor was determinative or given any specific weight in the Compensation Committee’s decisions, with respect to each NEO’s 2012 annual bonus award.

An NEO’s right to receive a bonus is conditioned on his being actively employed by the Company on the date of payment, except in the case of a termination of employment without cause or for good reason. Bonuses for a particular year will be paid out over two years, with 75% paid following the determination of the bonus, and 25% paid one year later, conditioned on continued employment to the date of payment, except in the case of a termination of employment without cause or for good reason. These provisions help ensure the loyalty and continued service of the Company’s NEOs.

In 2012, each NEO was eligible to receive a bonus pursuant to his individual employment agreement, in an amount to be determined at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee determined to award 2012 annual bonuses at target level for each eligible NEO, as set forth in his employment agreement, as shown in the table below based on the Company’s overall performance in 2012 as well as each NEO’s individual performance and contributions.

 

NAME

   2012
BONUS ($)
 

General William Lyon

     500,000   

Colin T. Severn

     120,000   

William H. Lyon

     250,000   

Matthew R. Zaist

     437,500   

Brian W. Doyle

     206,250   

2013 Annual Bonuses

For fiscal year 2013, General William Lyon will be eligible to earn a cash bonus of up to 100% of his base salary, with a target cash bonus of not less than 50% of his base salary, to be determined based upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, in its discretion.

Pursuant to the annual incentive cash bonus program for 2013 adopted by the board, certain of the NEOs will be eligible to earn a cash bonus up to 150% of his target bonus opportunity based on the Company’s achievement of a pre-established consolidated corporate EBITDA target (in the case of Messrs. William H. Lyon, Zaist and Severn) and a blend of consolidated corporate EBITDA and regional EBITDA (in the case of Mr. Doyle), with such adjustments as may be approved by the Compensation Committee, including positive and negative discretion, as applicable. The cash bonus opportunities for our NEOs are set forth below:

 

     Threshold     Target     Maximum  

Percent of EBIDTA Target Achieved

     75     100     125

Bonus Payout (as a % of Target Bonus Opportunity)

     50     100     150

 

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Achievement of performance criteria in between the threshold, target and maximum levels above will result in payouts calculated on a linear, 2:1 increase or decrease (e.g., if 87.5% of the target is achieved, the NEO’s payout will be 75% of his target bonus opportunity, or if 110% of the target is achieved, the NEO’s payout will be 120% of his target bonus opportunity). Target bonus opportunities are 100% of base salary for each of Messrs. William H. Lyon, Zaist and Doyle, and 70% of base salary for Mr. Severn.

Long-Term Equity-Based Compensation

Pursuant to the Plan, the Company was required to adopt the 2012 Plan (as defined below) and grant up to 8% of the capital stock of the Company in the form of equity awards to eligible participants. The Plan required that the Company issue up to 4% of the capital stock of the Company to certain key executives, with 50% of such equity awards to be in the form of Class D service-based restricted shares and 50% in the form of service-based stock options to acquire Class D common shares, to be issued or awarded upon or as soon as practicable following the effective date of the Plan, which was February 25, 2012. The Compensation Committee, in consultation with Christenson Advisors, determined the number of shares to be reserved for issuance under the 2012 Plan as required in the Plan and also determined the allocation of the 4% of the Company’s capital stock among the NEOs including the number of restricted shares and stock options to be granted to each NEO, based on the officer’s position with the Company and the fair market value of our stock at the time of grant.

2012 Equity Award Grants

On October 1, 2012, the Company granted each of Messrs. Zaist, Severn and Doyle the following equity incentive awards under the 2012 Plan, pursuant to the Plan and in connection with the adoption of their new employment agreements, described in further detail below.

 

     Restricted Stock      5-Year Options      10-Year Options  

Matthew R. Zaist

     1,200,000         489,360         1,400,000   

Colin Severn

     200,000         73,360         234,000   

Brian Doyle

     550,000         201,740         642,000   

The ten-year options have a term of ten years. The five-year options have a term of five years and are subject to mandatory exercise upon the earlier of an initial public offering of the Company or the expiration of the five-year term, provided, that if the initial public offering occurs prior to the applicable vesting date of the options, such options will be exercised upon the applicable vesting date. The five-year options and ten-year options will be treated as incentive stock options to the maximum extent permitted by law.

Each of the restricted stock and option awards vests as follows: 50% of the restricted shares and 50% of the options vested on the date of grant (October 1, 2012), with the remaining 50% of the shares and options vesting in three equal installments on each of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, subject to the executive’s continued employment through the applicable vesting date and accelerated vesting as set forth in the applicable award agreement.

The awards were partially vested on the date of grant to be consistent with the requirements of the Plan, which required the issuance of the equity awards to certain of the Company’s key executives upon or as soon as practicable following the effective date of the Plan, as well as to compensate the loyalty and hard work of the NEOs and management through the Company’s restructuring. The Compensation Committee also provided for additional vesting dates through 2014 to retain and incentivize the key executives of the Company and tie their interests to the long-term interests and goals of the Company and its stockholders.

2013 Equity Award Grants

On February 27, 2013, the board of directors adopted the 2013 long-term equity incentive program, or the 2013 LTIP, consisting of grants of performance-based restricted shares of the Company’s Class D Common Stock. Under the 2013 LTIP, an aggregate of 1,345,586 shares of performance-based restricted stock were awarded to Messrs. William H. Lyon, Zaist, Severn and Doyle with a grant date of March 1, 2013, representing the maximum number of shares of performance-based restricted stock that may be earned under the 2013 LTIP, subject to forfeiture based on service and performance conditions. The number of shares reflected below represents the target number of shares that may be earned, or Target Shares, based on the Company’s achievement of a pre-established return on equity, or ROE, performance target as of the end of the 2013 fiscal year, with such adjustments as may be approved by the Compensation Committee. One-third of the earned shares will vest on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date, subject to each officer’s continued service through each such vesting date. The performance-based restricted stock opportunities for certain of our NEOs are set forth below:

 

     Threshold     Target     Maximum  

Percent of ROE Target Achieved for 2014 Fiscal Year

     75     100     125

Target Shares Earned

     50     100     150

 

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Achievement of the ROE target in between the threshold, target and maximum levels above will result in Target Shares earned calculated on a linear, 2:1 increase or decrease (e.g., if 87.5% of the target is achieved, the NEO’s payout will be 75% of his Target Shares, or if 110% of the target is achieved, the NEO’s payout will be 120% of his Target Shares).

 

Name   

Target Shares of Performance-

Based Restricted Stock

 

William H. Lyon

     352,941   

Matthew R. Zaist

     294,117   

Colin T. Severn

     73,529   

Brian W. Doyle

     176,470   

Automobile Allowance

Each NEO is entitled to an annual automobile allowance of $4,800 ($400 per month), payable in accordance with the Company’s regular payroll schedule. In addition, each of Messrs. Zaist, Severn and Doyle is entitled to Company-paid gasoline for use of his personal vehicle.

Retirement Savings

The Company has established a 401(k) retirement savings plan for its employees, including the NEOs, who satisfy certain eligibility requirements. Under the 401(k) plan, eligible employees may elect to contribute pre-tax amounts, up to a statutorily prescribed limit, to the 401(k) plan. For 2012, the prescribed annual limit was $17,000, plus up to an additional $5,500 “catch-up” contribution available for eligible participants over age 50. For 2013, the prescribed annual limit is $17,500, plus up to an additional $5,500 “catch-up” contribution available for eligible participants over age 50. The Company believes that providing a vehicle for tax-preferred retirement savings through the 401(k) plan adds to the overall desirability of its executive compensation package and further incents the Company’s employees, including the NEOs, in accordance with the Company’s compensation policies. For 2013, the Company has approved payment of matching contributions to each eligible participant’s plan account in an amount equal to 50% of each participant’s deferrals for 2013, up to a maximum of 3% of the participant’s eligible compensation during 2013.

Stock Ownership Requirements

On February 27, 2013, the Company’s board of directors adopted the stock ownership requirements set forth in the table below:

 

Position

   Minimum Level of Stock Value
Required to be Held
 

Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer

     4x Base Salary   

Other NEOs

     2x Base Salary   

Employment Agreements and Severance Benefits

General William Lyon and William H. Lyon

Effective February 25, 2012, the Company and California Lyon entered into employment agreements with General William Lyon and William H. Lyon, pursuant to which General Lyon will continue to serve as the Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and California Lyon, and William H. Lyon will continue to serve as President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company and California Lyon. On March 6, 2013, the Company’s board of directors established the new role of Executive Chairman for General Lyon. General Lyon will no longer serve as Chief Executive Officer of the Company but will continue to serve as Chairman of the Board. The Company’s board of directors appointed William H. Lyon to serve as Chief Executive Officer of the Company.

The term of each employment agreement expires on December 31, 2014, subject to earlier termination as provided in the employment agreement. Under the employment agreements, General Lyon and William H. Lyon are entitled to annual base salaries of $1 million and $500,000 per year, respectively. Effective as of March 11, 2013, the board of directors increased Mr. William H. Lyon’s annual base salary to $600,000 per year.

 

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Under these employment agreements, each executive had the right to earn a bonus of up to 50% of base salary during the 2012 fiscal year, as determined by the Compensation Committee. After 2012, bonuses will be payable under the Company’s bonus program for senior executives, in the sole discretion of the Company’s Compensation Committee. The payment of a portion of the bonuses may be deferred as provided in the terms of the bonus program.

In the event of the termination of the executive’s employment by California Lyon without “cause” as defined in each employment agreement or the termination by the executive of his employment for “good reason” as defined in each employment agreement, the executive is entitled to receive (i) a payment equal to the greater of 18 months of salary or the amount of salary otherwise payable for the remainder of the scheduled term of employment; (ii) any deferred and unpaid bonuses; and (iii) the amount of bonus that the executive would have earned in the year of termination. In addition, the executive is entitled to receive reimbursement for certain health benefits coverage through the earlier of the end of the originally scheduled term of employment (but not less than 6 months after the date of termination) and the date when the executive becomes covered under another group health or disability plan.

Under the employment agreements, “good reason” will be deemed to have occurred, among other things, (i) if California Lyon breaches the employment agreement (including a material reduction in compensation, title, positions, responsibilities, authority or duties), (ii) if the Company or California Lyon ceases to acquire or develop land or materially changes its business, or invests or engages in new businesses that compete with Lyon Management Group, Inc. and/or Lyon Capital Ventures, LLC, (iii) upon the relocation (without the executive’s consent) of the executive’s or California Lyon’s principal place of business outside of Orange County, California; or (iv) upon the occurrence of a change of control, as defined in the employment agreement.

In the event of a termination of the executive’s employment due to death or disability, the executive (or his estate) will be entitled to receive (i) a payment equal to the amount of salary otherwise payable for the remainder of the scheduled term of employment; (ii) any deferred and unpaid bonuses; and (iii) continued health insurance coverage for a specified period of time following termination.

Matthew Zaist, Colin Severn and Brian Doyle

Effective July 1, 2011, California Lyon entered into executive employment agreements with Messrs. Zaist, Severn and Doyle, or the Old Employment Agreements. The Old Employment Agreements were replaced by executive employment agreements entered into effective as of September 1, 2012, between California Lyon and each of Messrs. Zaist, Severn and Doyle, or the New Employment Agreements. The Old Employment Agreements and the New Employment Agreements are collectively referred to as the “Employment Agreements.” Effective as of March 6, 2013, Mr. Zaist’s employment agreement was amended to reflect his change in position, salary increase and new annual cash bonus target of 100% of his annual base salary.

The term of Mr. Zaist’s New Employment Agreement will expire on August 31, 2015, subject to earlier termination as provided in the agreement. The term of each of Mr. Severn’s and Mr. Doyle’s New Employment Agreements were for an initial period expiring March 31, 2013, with automatic one-year renewal periods annually thereafter unless either California Lyon or the executive provides the other with written notice of nonrenewal at least 60 days prior to the expiration of the term. Pursuant to the New Employment Agreements, Messrs. Zaist, Severn and Doyle serve as the (1) Executive Vice President, (2) Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary, and (3) Senior Vice President and California Region President, respectively, of the Company and California Lyon. Effective as of March 6, 2013, the Company’s board of directors appointed Mr. Zaist to serve as the Company’s President and Chief Operating Officer. Effective as of November 5, 2013, Mr. Severn no longer serves as Corporate Secretary. The description below summarizes the Employment Agreements, noting where the New Employment Agreements differ materially from the Old Employment Agreements.

Under the Employment Agreements, Messrs. Zaist, Severn and Doyle are entitled to annual base salaries of $350,000, $200,000 and $275,000, respectively. Each executive’s annual base salary is subject to increase (but not decrease) from time to time, in the sole discretion of the Compensation Committee. Effective as of March 11, 2013, the board of directors increased the annual base salaries of Messrs. Zaist, Severn and Doyle to $500,000, $250,000 and $300,000, respectively.

Messrs. Zaist, Severn and Doyle each had the right to earn a cash bonus during the 2012 fiscal year with a target amount equal to 125%, 60% and 75% of base salary, respectively, payable in part in 2013 and 2014, as provided for in the employment agreements. Under his Old Employment Agreement, Mr. Zaist’s target bonus was equal to 70% of his base salary, but the Compensation Committee determined to increase his target bonus percentage to reflect his growing leadership role with the Company. After 2012, target bonus levels will be established by the Compensation Committee in its sole discretion. Effective as of March 6, 2013, Mr. Zaist’s New Employment Agreement was amended to provide that his target cash bonus for fiscal year 2013 and going forward will not be less than 100% of Mr. Zaist’s annual base salary.

 

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In the event of a termination of the executive’s employment due to death or disability, by California Lyon for “cause” or by the executive without “good reason,” the executive (or his estate) will be entitled to receive no benefits other than accrued but unpaid base salary and vacation benefits through the date of termination.

Under the New Employment Agreements, in the event of the termination of the executive’s employment by California Lyon without “cause,” as defined in the employment agreements, or the termination by the executive of his employment for “good reason,” as defined below, the executive is entitled to receive (i) a payment equal to the product of (A) 1.5, in the case of Mr. Zaist, and 1.0, in the case of Messrs. Severn and Doyle, multiplied by (B) the sum of the executive’s annual salary plus target cash bonus at the time of his termination of employment; (ii) any deferred and unpaid bonuses; (iii) in the case of Mr. Zaist, accelerated vesting in full of all restricted stock awards and options granted under the 2012 Plan and, in the case of each of Messrs. Severn and Doyle, if such termination occurs on or within 12 months following a change in control as defined in the employment agreement (and the executive’s respective equity awards are not assumed by the successor corporation), accelerated vesting in full of all restricted stock awards and options granted under the 2012 Plan; (iv) reimbursement for certain health benefits coverage through the earlier of (A) the end of the six-month period (twelve-month period in the case of Mr. Zaist) beginning on the first day of the month following the month of the executive’s termination of employment and (B) the date when the executive becomes covered under another employer’s group health or disability plan; and (v) in the case of Mr. Zaist, a release of claims from California Lyon, the Company and their affiliates.

Each executive’s receipt of the foregoing severance benefits is conditioned on his execution of a general release in favor of California Lyon and his compliance with certain noncompetition and nonsolicitation obligations. The Employment Agreements also provide that the executives will be indemnified to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law.

Under the Employment Agreements, “good reason” generally includes (i) a material breach of the employment agreement by California Lyon (including a material reduction in authority, duties or base salary), (ii) a relocation of the executive’s or California Lyon’s principal place of business outside a specified area, or (iii) the occurrence of a “change in control”, as defined in the employment agreement. In addition, under Mr. Zaist’s New Employment Agreement, “good reason” also includes certain changes with respect to Mr. Zaist’s reporting relationship within the Company or in the senior management structure of the Company.

Tax and Accounting Considerations

Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code

Generally, Section 162(m) of the Code, disallows a tax deduction to any publicly held corporation for any individual remuneration in excess of $1.0 million paid in any taxable year to its chief executive officer and each of its other NEOs, other than its chief financial officer. However, remuneration in excess of $1.0 million may be deducted if, among other things, it qualifies as “performance-based compensation” within the meaning of the Code. Because the Company was not subject to Section 162(m) of the Code in 2012, it was not a factor in the Company’s 2012 compensation decisions.

Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code

Section 280G of the Code disallows a tax deduction with respect to excess parachute payments to certain executives of companies that undergo a change in control. In addition, Section 4999 of the Code imposes a 20% excise tax on the individual with respect to the excess parachute payment. Parachute payments are those amounts of compensation linked to or triggered by a change in control and may include, but are not limited to, bonus payments, severance payments, certain fringe benefits, and payments and acceleration of vesting from long-term incentive plans including stock options and other equity-based compensation. Excess parachute payments are parachute payments that exceed a threshold determined under Section 280G of the Code based on the executive’s prior compensation. In approving certain compensation arrangements for the NEOs in the future, the Compensation Committee may consider all elements of the cost to the Company of providing such compensation, including the potential impact of Section 280G of the Code. However, the Compensation Committee may, in its judgment, authorize compensation arrangements that could give rise to loss of deductibility under Section 280G of the Code and the imposition of excise taxes under Section 4999 of the Code when it believes that such arrangements are appropriate to attract and retain executive talent.

Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code

Section 409A of the Code requires that “nonqualified deferred compensation” be deferred and paid under plans or arrangements that satisfy the requirements of the statute with respect to the timing of deferral elections, timing of payments and certain other matters. Failure to satisfy these requirements can expose employees and other service providers to accelerated income tax liabilities, penalty taxes and interest on their vested compensation under such plans. Accordingly, as a general matter, it is the Company’s intention to design and administer its compensation and benefits plans and arrangements for all of its employees and other service providers, including the NEOs, so that they are either exempt from, or satisfy the requirements of, Section 409A of the Code.

 

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Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to compensation for the 2012, 2011 and 2010 fiscal years earned by, awarded to or paid to the NEOs.

 

Name and Principal Position

   Year      Salary
($)(1)
    Bonus
($)
     Stock
Awards
($)(2)
     Option
Awards
($)(2)
     Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)
     Change in
Pension Value
and
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)
     All Other
Compensation
($)
    Total
($)
 

General William Lyon(3)
Chairman of the Board and Executive Chairman

    
 
 
2012
2011
2010
  
  
  
    
 
 
1,000,000
1,000,000
1,000,000
  
  
  
   
 

 

500,000
—  

—  

  
  

  

    

 

 

—  

—  

—  

  

  

  

    

 

 

—  

—  

—  

  

  

  

    

 

 

—  

—  

—  

  

  

  

    
 
 
—  
—  
—  
  
  
  
    

 

 

—  

—  

—  

  

  

  

   
 
 
1,500,000
1,000,000
1,000,000
  
  
  

Colin T. Severn
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary (Principal Financial Officer)

    
 
 
2012
2011
2010
  
  
  
    
 
 
200,000
200,000
200,000
  
  
  
   
 

 

120,000
—  

—  

  
  

  

    
 

 

210,000
—  

—  

  
  

  

    
 

 

196,014
—  

—  

  
  

  

    

 
 

—  

165,497
137,330

  

  
  

    

 

 

—  

—  

—  

  

  

  

    

 

 

—  

—  

—  

  

  

  

   
 
 
726,014
365,497
337,330
  
  
  

William H. Lyon(3)
Director, Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

    
 
 
2012
2011
2010
  
  
  
    

 
 

453,847

490,385
486,538

(4) 

  
  

   
 

 

250,000
—  

—  

  
  

  

    

 

 

—  

—  

—  

  

  

  

    

 

 

—  

—  

—  

  

  

  

    

 

 

—  

—  

—  

  

  

  

    
 
 
—  
—  
—  
  
  
  
    

 

 

—  

—  

—  

  

  

  

   
 
 
703,847
490,385
486,538
  
  
  

Matthew R. Zaist(3)
President and Chief Operating Officer

    
 
 
2012
2011
2010
  
  
  
    
 
 
350,000
330,769
225,000
  
  
  
   
 

 

437,500
—  

—  

  
  

  

    
 

 

1,260,000
—  

—  

  
  

  

    
 

 

1,192,966
—  

—  

  
  

  

    
 
 
—  
324,620
187,328
  
  
  
    
 
 
—  
—  
—  
  
  
  
    

 

 

—  

—  

—  

  

  

  

   
 
 
3,240,466
655,389
412,328
  
  
  

Brian W. Doyle
Senior Vice President and California Region President

    
 
 
2012
2011
2010
  
  
  
    
 
 
275,000
267,308
221,154
  
  
  
   
 

 

206,250
—  

—  

  
  

  

    
 

 

577,500
—  

—  

  
  

  

    
 

 

537,971
—  

—  

  
  

  

    
 
 
—  
318,743
204,665
  
  
  
    
 
 
—  
—  
—  
  
  
  
    

 

 

11,767

—  

—  

(5) 

  

  

   
 
 
1,608,488
586,051
425,819
  
  
  

 

(1) The annual base salary for each of our NEOs is disclosed in “—Elements of Compensation—Base Salary” above. Effective as of March 11, 2013, the base salaries for Messrs. Severn, William H. Lyon, Zaist and Doyle were increased as described above in “—Compensation Discussion and Analysis—Elements of Compensation—Base Salary” and “—Employment Agreements and Severance Benefits.”
(2) The amounts shown represent the grant date fair value of restricted stock and option grants computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. Each restricted stock and option award granted in 2012 vests as follows: 50% of the shares and options vested on the date of grant, with the remaining 50% of the shares and options vesting in three equal installments on each of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014.
(3) The NEO titles listed above are titles effective as of March 6, 2013. As of December 31, 2012, General William Lyon served as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, William H. Lyon served as Director, President and Chief Operating Officer, and Matthew R. Zaist served as Executive Vice President. Colin T. Severn no longer serves as Corporate Secretary effective as of November 5, 2013.
(4) Reflects Mr. Lyon’s annual base salary of $500,000 with $46,153 in forgone salary in 2012 resulting from unpaid vacation.
(5) Reflects Mr. Doyle’s annual automobile allowance of $4,800 and $6,967 of gasoline paid by the Company for Mr. Doyle’s personal vehicle.

 

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Grants of Plan-Based Awards

The following table sets forth summary information regarding all grants of plan-based awards made to our NEOs for the year ended December 31, 2012:

 

Name

   Grant Date      All other stock
awards: Number
of shares of  stock
(#)(1)
     All other option
awards: Number
of securities
underlying options
(#)(1)
     Exercise or base
price of option
awards
($/Sh)(2)
     Grant date fair
value of stock
and option
awards ($)(3)
 

Colin T. Severn

     10/01/2012         200,000               210,000   
     10/01/2012            307,360         1.05         196,014   

Matthew R. Zaist

     10/01/2012         1,200,000               1,260,000   
     10/01/2012            1,889,360         1.05         1,192,966   

Brian W. Doyle

     10/01/2012         550,000               577,500   
     10/01/2012            843,740         1.05         537,971   

 

(1) Each of the restricted stock and option awards granted on October 1, 2012, vests as follows: 50% of the shares and options vested on the date of grant, with the remaining 50% of the shares and options vesting in three equal installments on each of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, subject to the executive’s continued employment through the applicable vesting date and accelerated vesting as set forth in the applicable award agreement.
(2) The Company’s board of directors determined the fair market value of the Class D Common Stock on the date of grant to be $1.05.
(3) The value of the restricted stock and option awards shown represents the grant date fair value as prescribed under FASB ASC Topic 718, based on the fair market value of the Class D Common Stock on the date of grant, which was determined by the Company’s board of directors to be $1.05. The restricted shares have a grant date fair value of $1.05 per share. The five-year options have a grant date fair value of $0.401 per share subject to the option. The ten-year options have a grant date fair value of $0.712 per share subject to the option.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

The following table sets forth summary information regarding the outstanding equity awards held by our NEOs at December 31, 2012:

 

     Option Awards      Stock Awards  

Name

   Number of
securities
underlying
unexercised
options
exercisable
(#)
     Number of
securities
underlying
unexercised
options
unexercisable
(#)(1)
     Option
exercise price
($)
     Option
expiration
date
     Number of shares or
units of stock that
have not vested
(#)(1)
     Market value of
shares or units of
stock that have
not vested
($)(2)
 

Colin T. Severn

     48,906         24,454         1.05         10/01/2017         66,667         70,000   
     156,000         78,000         1.05         10/01/2022         

Matthew R. Zaist

     326,240         163,120         1.05         10/01/2017         400,000         420,000   
     933,333         466,667         1.05         10/01/2022         

Brian W. Doyle

     134,493         67,247         1.05         10/01/2017         183,334         192,501   
     428,000         214,000         1.05         10/01/2022         

 

(1) The table below shows on a grant-by-grant basis the vesting schedules relating to the restricted stock and option awards that are represented in the above table.

 

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Name

   Grant Date     

Award Type

  

Vesting Schedule

Colin T. Severn

     10/01/2012       Restricted Stock    33,333 shares vest on 12/31/2013 and 33,334 shares vest on 12/31/2014
     10/01/2012       5-year Options    12,227 options vest on each of 12/31/2013 and 12/31/2014
     10/01/2012       10-year Options    39,000 options vest on each of 12/31/2013 and 12/31/2014

Matthew R. Zaist

     10/01/2012       Restricted Stock    200,000 shares vest on each of 12/31/2013 and 12/31/2014
     10/01/2012       5-year Options    81,560 options vest on each of 12/31/2013 and 12/31/2014
     10/01/2012       10-year Options    233,333 options vest on 12/31/2013 and 233,334 options vest on 12/31/2014

Brian W. Doyle

     10/01/2012       Restricted Stock    91,667 shares vest on each of 12/31/2013 and 12/31/2014
     10/01/2012       5-year Options    33,623 options vest on 12/31/2013 and 33,624 options vest on 12/31/2014
     10/01/2012       10-year Options    107,000 options vest on each of 12/31/2013 and 12/31/2014

 

(2) Represents the fair market value of the Company’s Class D Common Stock on December 31, 2012, of $1.05 per share, multiplied by the number of shares that have not vested.

Options Exercised and Stock Vested

The following table summarizes the option exercises and vesting of restricted stock awards for each of our NEOs for the year ended December 31, 2012. The vesting of stock awards does not indicate the sale of stock by an NEO.

 

     Option Awards      Stock Awards  

Name

   Number of
securities
acquired
on
exercise
(#)
     Value realized
on exercise ($)
     Number of shares
acquired on
vesting (#)
     Value realized on
vesting ($)(1)
 

Colin T. Severn

     —           —           133,333         140,000   

Matthew R. Zaist

     —           —           800,000         840,000   

Brian W. Doyle

     —           —           366,666         384,999   

 

(1) Represents the fair market value of the Company’s Class D Common Stock on the date of vesting, which was $1.05 for awards vesting on both October 1, 2012, and on December 31, 2012, multiplied by the number of shares that vested on such date.

Pension Benefits

The NEOs did not participate in or have account balances in qualified or nonqualified defined benefit plans sponsored by the Company during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012.

 

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Nonqualified Deferred Compensation

The NEOs did not participate in or have account balances in nonqualified defined contribution plans or other nonqualified deferred compensation plans maintained by the Company during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012.

Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control

The following table summarizes the potential payments to our NEOs upon a “qualifying termination” of employment (a termination by us without cause or the executive’s resignation for good reason) or upon the executive’s termination of employment as a result of death or disability. As described above in “—Employment Agreements and Severance Benefits,” a resignation by the executive in connection with a “change of control” would be deemed a resignation for good reason. In the event an NEO is terminated for cause, by the NEO for any reason other than good reason, or, in the case of Messrs. Severn, Zaist and Doyle, due to death or disability, such NEO is not entitled to any severance payments or benefits. The amounts shown assume that such termination was effective as of December 31, 2012, the last business day of fiscal year 2012, and are only estimates of the amounts that would be paid to such NEOs. The actual amounts to be paid can be determined only at the time of such termination of employment. As noted above in “—Employment Agreements and Severance Benefits,” certain changes were made to the annual base salaries of Mr. William H. Lyon and Messrs. Severn, Zaist and Doyle. In addition, effective as of March 6, 2013, Mr. Zaist’s target annual cash bonus is 100% of base salary.

 

Name, Type of Termination

   Cash
Severance
($)(1)
     Unpaid
Bonuses
($)(2)
     Equity
Acceleration
($)(3)
     Benefits
Continuation
($)(4)
     Total ($)  

General William Lyon

              

Qualifying Termination (no CIC)

     2,500,000         —           —           53,589         2,553,589   

Qualifying Termination + CIC

     2,500,000         —           —           53,589         2,553,589   

Death or Disability

     2,000,000         —           —           53,589         2,053,589   

Colin T. Severn

              

Qualifying Termination (no CIC)

     320,000         30,000         —           13,397         363,397   

Qualifying Termination + CIC

     320,000         30,000         70,000         13,397         433,397   

Death or Disability

     —           —           —           —           —     

William H. Lyon

              

Qualifying Termination (no CIC)

     1,250,000         —           —           36,259         1,286,259   

Qualifying Termination + CIC

     1,250,000         —           —           36,259         1,286,259   

Death or Disability

     1,000,000         —           —           36,259         1,036,259   

Matthew R. Zaist

              

Qualifying Termination (no CIC)

     1,181,250         61,250         420,000         18,898         1,681,398   

Qualifying Termination + CIC

     1,181,250         61,250         420,000         18,898         1,681,398   

Death or Disability

     —           —           —           —           —     

Brian W. Doyle

              

Qualifying Termination (no CIC)

     481,250         51,250         —           13,397         545,897   

Qualifying Termination + CIC

     481,250         51,250         192,501         13,397         738,398   

Death or Disability

     —           —           —           —           —     

 

(1) In the event of a “qualifying termination” of employment, represents an amount equal to: for each of General Lyon and Mr. Lyon, his base salary for twenty-four months, through the remainder of his scheduled term of employment, plus the bonus earned in 2012; for Mr. Zaist, 1.5 times the sum of his annual salary plus target cash bonus for 2012; for each of Messrs. Severn and Doyle, the sum of his annual salary plus target cash bonus for 2012. (Under the employment agreements for General Lyon and Mr. Lyon, severance amounts are calculated based on actual cash bonuses earned, while under the employment agreements for Messrs. Zaist, Severn and Doyle, severance amounts are calculated based on target cash bonus, which for 2012 was equal to the actual bonus awarded.) In the event of a termination of General Lyon’s or Mr. Lyon’s employment due to death or disability, represents an amount equal to his base salary for twenty-four months, through the remainder of his scheduled term of employment.
(2) Represents bonus amounts earned by the NEO that had not been paid prior to the date of termination.

 

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(3) Represents the intrinsic value of the accelerated vesting of all unvested stock options and restricted stock awards granted on October 1, 2012, based on the fair market value of the Company’s Class D Common Stock on December 31, 2012, of $1.05 per share. Upon a termination of Mr. Zaist’s employment by the Company without cause or by him for good reason, whether or not following a change in control of the Company, Mr. Zaist is entitled to accelerated vesting in full of all outstanding restricted stock and stock option awards. Upon a termination of Mr. Severn’s or Mr. Doyle’s employment by the Company without cause or by him for good reason, in either case on or within twelve months following a change in control of the Company (and the executive’s respective equity awards are not assumed by the successor corporation), he is entitled to accelerated vesting in full of all stock options and restricted stock awards granted on October 1, 2012.
(4) Represents the value of the continuation of health benefits for the following number of months: twenty-four months for Messrs. Lyon and Lyon, twelve months for Mr. Zaist, and six months for Messrs. Severn and Doyle.

2012 Equity Incentive Plan

The purpose of the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2012 Plan, is to provide an increased incentive for eligible employees, consultants and directors to assert their best efforts by conferring benefits based on the achievement of certain performance goals, to better align the interests of eligible participants with the interests of stockholders by providing an opportunity for increased stock ownership by such participants, and to encourage such participants to remain in the service of the Company. The 2012 Plan is also designed to permit us to make cash-based awards and equity-based awards intended to qualify as “performance-based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code.

On April 19, 2013, our board of directors approved an amendment, or the Plan Amendment, to the Plan to increase the maximum aggregate number of shares of our Class D Common Stock which may be issued under the Plan from 13,699,565 authorized shares to 30,000,000 authorized shares, subject to stockholder approval of the Plan Amendment. On April 25, 2013, we received stockholder approval of the Plan Amendment by written consent executed by stockholders representing holdings of at least a majority of (i) the outstanding shares of our capital stock and (ii) the voting power of the outstanding shares of our capital stock. The Plan Amendment became effective as of April 25, 2013.

Share Reserve

Under the 2012 Plan, 13,699,565 shares of our Class D Common Stock will be initially reserved for issuance pursuant to a variety of stock-based compensation awards, including stock options, stock appreciation rights, or SARs, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, deferred stock awards, deferred stock unit awards, dividend equivalent awards, stock payment awards and performance awards and other stock-based awards.

The following counting provisions will be in effect for the share reserve under the 2012 Plan: (i) to the extent that an award forfeits, expires, settles in cash or becomes unexercisable without having been exercised in full, the shares that were not purchased or received or that were cancelled will become available for future grants under the 2012 Plan; (ii) if we repurchase shares that were issued pursuant to the exercise or settlement of an award, the reacquired shares will not be available for future grants under the 2012 Plan; and (iii) to the extent shares are tendered or withheld to satisfy the grant, exercise price or tax withholding obligation with respect to any award under the 2012 Plan, such tendered or withheld shares will be available for future grants under the 2012 Plan.

Administration

The Compensation Committee of our board of directors will administer the 2012 Plan unless our board of directors assumes authority for administration. The Compensation Committee must consist of one or more members of our board of directors, each of whom is intended to qualify as an “outside director” within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code (to the extent applicable), a “non-employee director” for purposes of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act and an “independent director” within the meaning of the rules of any securities market on which shares of our common stock are traded. The 2012 Plan provides that the board or Compensation Committee may delegate its authority to grant awards to employees other than executive officers and certain senior executives of the company to a committee consisting of one or more members of our board of directors or one or more of our officers, to the extent permitted by applicable law.

Subject to the terms and conditions of the 2012 Plan, the administrator has the authority to select the persons to whom awards are to be made, to determine the number of shares to be subject to awards and the terms and conditions of awards, and to make all other determinations and to take all other actions necessary or advisable for the administration of the 2012 Plan.

 

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Eligibility

Options, SARs, restricted stock and all other stock-based and cash-based awards under the 2012 Plan may be granted to employees who are part of our senior management, senior project managers, key employees, consultants, non-employee directors or individuals who hold such positions with certain of our subsidiaries. Only employees of our company or certain of our subsidiaries may be granted incentive stock options, or ISOs.

Awards

The 2012 Plan provides that the administrator may grant or issue stock options, SARs, restricted stock, restricted stock units, or RSUs, deferred stock, deferred stock units, dividend equivalents, performance awards, stock payments and other stock-based and cash-based awards, or any combination thereof. Each award will be set forth in a separate agreement with the person receiving the award and will indicate the type, terms, conditions and limitations of the award.

 

   

Nonqualified stock options, or NQSOs, will provide for the right to purchase shares of our Class D Common Stock at a specified price which may not be less than fair market value on the date of grant, and usually will become exercisable (at the discretion of the administrator) in one or more installments after the grant date, subject to the participant’s continued employment or service with us and/or subject to the satisfaction of corporate performance targets and individual performance targets established by the administrator. NQSOs may be granted for any term specified by the administrator that does not exceed ten years.

 

   

Incentive stock options, or ISOs, will be designed in a manner intended to comply with the provisions of Section 422 of the Code and will be subject to specified restrictions contained in the Code. Among such restrictions, ISOs must have an exercise price of not less than the fair market value of a share of Class D Common Stock on the date of grant, may only be granted to employees, and must not be exercisable after a period of ten years measured from the date of grant. In the case of an ISO granted to an individual who owns (or is deemed to own) at least 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of our capital stock, the 2012 Plan provides that the exercise price must be at least 110% of the fair market value of a share of Class D Common Stock on the date of grant and the ISO must not be exercisable after a period of five years measured from the date of grant.

 

   

Restricted stock may be granted to any eligible individual and made subject to such restrictions as may be determined by the administrator. Restricted stock, typically, may be forfeited for no consideration or repurchased by us at the original purchase price if the conditions or restrictions on vesting are not met. In general, restricted stock may not be sold or otherwise transferred until restrictions are removed or expire. Recipients of restricted stock, unlike recipients of options, generally will have voting rights and will have the right to receive dividends, if any, prior to the time when the restrictions lapse; however, extraordinary dividends will generally be placed in escrow, and will not be released until restrictions are removed or expire.

 

   

Restricted stock units, or RSUs, may be awarded to any eligible individual subject to vesting conditions based on continued employment or service or on performance criteria established by the administrator. Like restricted stock, RSUs may not be sold, or otherwise transferred or hypothecated, until vesting conditions are removed or expire. Unlike restricted stock, stock underlying RSUs will not be issued until the RSUs have vested, and recipients of RSUs generally will have no voting or dividend rights prior to the time when vesting conditions are satisfied.

 

   

Deferred stock awards and deferred stock unit awards represent the right to receive shares of our Class D Common Stock on a future date. Deferred stock may not be sold or otherwise hypothecated or transferred until issued. Deferred stock will not be issued until the deferred stock award has vested, and recipients of deferred stock generally will have no voting or dividend rights prior to the time when the vesting conditions are satisfied and the shares are issued. Deferred stock awards generally will be forfeited, and the underlying shares of deferred stock will not be issued, if the applicable vesting conditions and other restrictions are not met.

 

   

Stock appreciation rights, or SARs, may be granted in connection with stock options or other awards, or separately. SARs granted in connection with stock options or other awards typically will provide for payments to the holder based upon increases in the price of our Class D Common Stock over a set exercise price. The exercise price of any SAR granted under the 2012 Plan must be at least 100% of the fair market value of a share of our Class D Common Stock on the date of grant. Except as required by Section 162(m) of the Code with respect to a SAR intended to qualify as performance-based compensation as described in Section 162(m) of the Code, there are no restrictions specified in the 2012 Plan on the exercise of SARs or the amount of gain realizable therefrom, although restrictions may be imposed by the administrator in individual SAR agreements. SARs under the 2012 Plan will be settled in cash or shares of our common stock, or in a combination of both, at the election of the administrator.

 

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Dividend equivalents represent the value of the dividends, if any, per share paid by us, calculated with reference to the number of shares covered by the award. Dividend equivalents may be settled in cash or shares and at such times as determined by the Compensation Committee or board of directors, as applicable. No dividend equivalents will be payable with respect to stock options or SARs.

 

   

Performance awards may be granted by the administrator on an individual or group basis. Generally, these awards, which may include performance stock units, will be based upon specific performance targets and may be paid in cash or in Class D Common Stock or in a combination of both. Performance awards may also include bonuses that may be granted by the administrator on an individual or group basis and which may be payable in cash or in common stock or in a combination of both.

 

   

Stock payments may be authorized by the administrator in the form of Class D Common Stock or an option or other right to purchase Class D Common Stock as part of a deferred compensation or other arrangement in lieu of all or any part of compensation, including bonuses, that would otherwise be payable in cash to the employee, consultant or non-employee director.

Change in Control; Adjustments of Awards

For any award granted under the 2012 Plan, the terms of the applicable award agreement may provide that in the event of a “change in control” of the Company (as defined in the 2012 Plan), the award will be subject to accelerated vesting such that 100% of such awards will become vested and exercisable or payable, as applicable, prior to the consummation of such transaction. The administrator may also make appropriate adjustments to awards under the 2012 Plan in the event of a change in control or certain other unusual or nonrecurring events or transactions.

In the event of any merger, reorganization, consolidation, recapitalization, dividend or distribution (whether in cash, shares or other property), stock split, reverse stock split, spin-off or similar transaction affecting the number of outstanding shares of our common stock or the share price of our common stock, the administrator, in its sole discretion, will make appropriate, proportionate adjustments and substitutions to the 2012 Plan and award agreements, including adjustments to: (i) the aggregate number, class and kind of securities that may be delivered under the 2012 Plan; (ii) in the aggregate or to any one participant, the number, class and kind of securities subject to outstanding awards granted under the 2012 Plan; and/or (iii) the grant or exercise price per share of any outstanding awards under the 2012 Plan.

Amendment and Termination

The administrator of the 2012 Plan may alter, amend, suspend or terminate the 2012 Plan at any time and from time to time. However, we must obtain stockholder approval to the extent required by applicable law, rule or regulation (including any applicable stock exchange rule).

Expiration Date

No award may be granted pursuant to the 2012 Plan after September 30, 2022. Any award that is outstanding on the expiration date of the 2012 Plan will remain in force according to the terms of the 2012 Plan and the applicable award agreement.

Effective Date

The 2012 Plan became effective on October 1, 2012, when it was approved and adopted by our board of directors. The 2012 Plan was subsequently approved by our stockholders on October 10, 2012.

Compensation Risk Management

In March 2013, management assessed our compensation design, policies and practices to determine whether any risks arising from our compensation design, policies and practices are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on us. The Compensation Committee reviewed and agreed with management’s conclusion that our compensation policies and practices do not create such risks. In doing so, the Compensation Committee considered various features of our compensation policies and practices that discourage excessive or unnecessary risk taking, including but not limited to the following:

 

   

effective balance in the design of our compensation programs, including: (i) cash and equity pay mix, (ii) short- and longer-term performance focus, (iii) corporate, business unit, and individual performance focus and measurement; and (iv) financial and non-financial performance measurement together with top management and board discretion to manage pay appropriately; and

 

   

stock ownership guidelines and independent Compensation Committee oversight of our compensation policies and practices.

 

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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

The following table sets forth the number of shares of our capital stock beneficially owned as of December 23, 2013, by (i) each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our capital stock, (ii) each of our named executive officers and directors and (iii) all officers and directors as a group. Unless otherwise indicated in the table, the persons and entities named in the table have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to the shares set forth opposite the stockholder’s name, subject to community property laws, where applicable. Unless otherwise noted below, the address of each stockholder below is c/o William Lyon Homes, 4695 Mac Arthur Court, 8th Floor, Newport Beach, California 92660.

 

     TITLE    CLASS A
COMMON
STOCK(1)
    CLASS B
COMMON
STOCK(1)
    PERCENT
OF
TOTAL
VOTING
POWER(2)(3)
 

NAME

      Number     Percent
of
Class
    Number     Percent
of
Class
   

Named Executive Officers and Directors:

             

William H. Lyon(4)

   Chief
Executive Officer,
Director
     67,105 (5)            5,721,434 (5)      100     51.0

Colin T. Severn

   Vice President
and Chief
Financial Officer
     59,768 (8)            —          —           

General William Lyon

   Executive
Chairman,
Chairman of the
Board
     —          —          —          —          —     

Matthew R. Zaist

   President & Chief
Operating Officer
     330,473 (9)      1.2     —          —           

Brian W. Doyle

   Senior Vice
President and
California Region
President
     159,533 (10)            —          —           

Douglas K. Ammerman

   Director      17,605              —          —           

Michael Barr

   Director      —          —          —          —           

Gary H. Hunt

   Director      24,624              —          —           

Matthew R. Niemann

   Director      17,605              —          —           

Nathaniel Redleaf

   Director      —          —          —          —           

Lynn Carlson Schell

   Director      17,605              —          —           

All executive officers and directors as a group (16 individuals)

        1,061,765 (11)      3.8     5,721,434        100     52.28

5% Stockholders (not listed above):

             

Luxor Capital Group LP(6)

        8,594,800        31.1     —          —          18.4

Paulson Property Management II LLC(7)

        3,322,667        12.0     —          —          7.1

 

* Denotes less than 1.0% of beneficial ownership.
(1) Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with SEC rules, and includes any shares as to which the stockholder has sole or shared voting power or investment power, and also any shares which the stockholder has the right to acquire within 60 days of the date hereof, whether through the exercise or conversion of any stock option, convertible security, warrant or other right. The indication herein that shares are beneficially owned is not an admission on the part of the stockholder that he, she or it is a direct or indirect beneficial owner of those shares.
(2) Each share of Class A Common Stock is entitled to one vote per share. Each share of Class B Common Stock is entitled to five votes per share.

 

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(3) Calculation of total voting power includes the following (which represent the total number of shares of each class that are outstanding): (a) 27,638,427 shares of Class A Common Stock, (b) 3,813,884 shares of Class B Common Stock and (c) 1,907,550 shares of Class B Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of a warrant held by Lyon Shareholder 2012, LLC, or Lyon LLC, or the Class B Warrant. The Class B Warrant is exercisable at any time prior to February 24, 2022.
(4) Pursuant to the stockholder agreements described elsewhere in this prospectus, William H. Lyon has agreed to vote his shares in favor of director nominees supported by Luxor and Paulson.
(5) Represents (i) a warrant to purchase 1,907,550 shares of Class B Common Stock, (ii) 3,813,884 shares of Class B Common Stock and (iii) 64,105 shares of Class A Common Stock. The Class B shares and warrant are held by Lyon Shareholder 2012, LLC, or Lyon LLC. The Class A shares are held by William H. Lyon directly, with the exception of 2,933 shares which are held by The William Harwell Lyon Separate Property Trust. The members of Lyon LLC are the Lyon Shareholder 2012 Irrevocable Trust No. 1 established December 24, 2012, the Lyon Shareholder 2012 Irrevocable Trust No. 2 established December 24, 2012 and the William Harwell Lyon Separate Property Trust established July 28, 2000, the Trustee of each of which is William Harwell Lyon. The manager of Lyon LLC is William Harwell Lyon. William Harwell Lyon may be deemed to have voting and investment power of the securities held by Lyon LLC. William Harwell Lyon disclaims beneficial ownership of such securities, except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein.
(6) Luxor acts as the investment manager of private investment funds that own the shares, collectively referred to as the “Luxor Investors.” Luxor Management, LLC is the general partner of Luxor. Christian Leone is the managing member of Luxor Management, LLC. Luxor, Luxor Management, LLC and Christian Leone are deemed to have shared voting and dispositive power over the securities held by each of the Luxor Investors. The address of Luxor Capital Group, LP is 1114 Avenue of the Americas, 29 Floor, New York City, New York 10036. Pursuant to the stockholder agreements described elsewhere in this prospectus, Luxor has agreed to vote its shares in favor of director nominees supported by William H. Lyon and Paulson.
(7) Paulson Property Management II LLC is an affiliate of Paulson & Co. Inc. Paulson & Co. Inc. is an investment advisor registered under the Investment Advisors Act of 1940 that furnishes investment advice and manages various onshore and offshore investment funds and separately managed accounts, or, collectively, the Funds. As the President and sole Director of Paulson & Co. Inc., John Paulson may be deemed to have voting and/or investment power over such shares owned by the Funds. The address for the Funds is c/o Paulson & Co. Inc., 1251 Avenue of the Americas, NY, NY 10020. Pursuant to the stockholder agreements described elsewhere in this prospectus, an affiliate of Paulson Property Management II LLC has agreed to vote its shares in favor of director nominees supported by William H. Lyon and Luxor.
(8) Represents (i) 31,049 shares of Class A Common Stock subject to options exercisable within 60 days of December 23, 2013 and (ii) 28,719 shares of Class A Common Stock.
(9) Represents (i) 190,859 shares of Class A Common Stock subject to options exercisable within 60 days of December 23, 2013 and (ii) 139,614 shares of Class A Common Stock.
(10) Represents (i) 85,233 shares of Class A Common Stock subject to options exercisable within 60 days of December 23, 2013 and (ii) 74,300 shares of Class A Common Stock.
(11) Represents (i) 451,337 shares of Class A Common Stock subject to options exercisable within 60 days of December 23, 2013 and (ii) 607,495 shares of Class A Common Stock.

 

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Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table summarizes information about our equity securities that may be issued upon the exercise of options, warrants and rights under all our equity compensation plans, as of December 31, 2012:

 

Plan Category

   Number of
Securities to
be Issued
Upon
Exercise of
Outstanding
Options,
Warrants
and
Rights
(a)
    Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price of
Outstanding
Options,
Warrants
and Rights
(b)
    Number of
Securities
Remaining
Available
for Future
Issuance
Under Equity
Compensation
Plans
(Excluding
Securities
Reflected in
Column
(a)) (c)
 

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

     4,757,302 (1)    $ 1.05 (2)      6,442,970 (3) 

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

     —        $ —          —     

Total

     4,757,302      $ 1.05        6,442,970   

 

(1) Represents an aggregate of 4,757,302 outstanding options to purchase shares of Class D Common Stock of the Company, of which 1,115,302 represent “five-year” options and 3,642,000 represent “ten-year” options granted to certain officers of California Lyon.
(2) Represents the exercise price of each of the 4,757,302 outstanding options to purchase shares of Class D Common Stock of the Company.
(3) Represents the number of securities remaining available for issuance under the Company’s 2012 Equity Incentive Plan.

 

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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Policies and Procedures for Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions with Related Persons

Our board of directors has adopted a written statement of policy for the evaluation of and the approval, disapproval and monitoring of transactions involving us and a “related party.” For purposes of this policy, a “related party” includes our executive officers, directors and director nominees or their immediate family members, or stockholders owning five percent or more of our voting securities.

Our related party transactions policy requires:

 

   

that any transaction in which a related party has a material direct or indirect interest and which exceeds $120,000, such transaction referred to as a “related party transaction,” and any material amendment or modification to a related person transaction, be evaluated and approved or ratified by our audit committee or by the disinterested members of the Audit Committee; and

 

   

that any employment relationship or transaction involving an executive officer and any related compensation solely resulting from that employment relationship or transaction must be approved by the Compensation Committee of our board of directors or recommended by the Compensation Committee to the board of directors for its approval.

In connection with the review and approval or ratification of a related party transaction:

 

   

management must disclose to the Audit Committee or the disinterested members of the Audit Committee, as applicable, the material terms of the related party transaction, including the approximate dollar value of the amount involved in the transaction, and all the material facts as to the related person’s direct or indirect interest in, or relationship to, the related person transaction;

 

   

management must advise the Audit Committee or the disinterested members of the Audit Committee, as applicable, as to whether the related party transaction will be required to be disclosed in our SEC filings. To the extent it is required to be disclosed, management must ensure that the related party transaction is disclosed in accordance with SEC rules; and

 

   

management must advise the Audit Committee or the disinterested members of the Audit Committee, as applicable, as to whether the related party transaction constitutes a “personal loan” for purposes of Section 402 of Sarbanes-Oxley.

Employment Agreements

We have entered into employment agreements with certain of our executive officers. For more information regarding these agreements, see “Executive Compensation—Employment Agreements and Severance Benefits.”

Indemnification Agreements and Liability Insurance Policy

We have entered into indemnification agreements with certain of our executive officers and each of our directors pursuant to which the Company has agreed to indemnify such executive officers and directors against liability incurred by them by reason of their services as an executive officer or director to the fullest extent allowable under applicable law. We also provide liability insurance for each director and officer for certain losses arising from claims or charges made against them while acting in their capacities as our directors or officers.

Certain Relationships and Transactions

We describe below transactions and series of similar transactions that have occurred this year or during our last three fiscal years to which we were a party or will be a party in which:

 

   

the amounts involved exceeded or will exceed $120,000; and

 

   

a director, executive officer, holder of more than 5% of our voting securities or any member of their immediate family had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.

The following persons and entities that participated in the transactions listed in this section were related persons at or immediately following the time of the transaction.

General William Lyon. General Lyon is our Executive Chairman and Chairman of our board of directors.

 

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William H. Lyon. Mr. Lyon is our Chief Executive Officer and a member of our board of directors. Through his management of Lyon Shareholder 2012, LLC, Mr. Lyon holds 100% of our Class B Common Stock.

Matthew R. Niemann . Mr. Niemann is a member of our board of directors.

Luxor Capital Group LP. Entities affiliated with Luxor hold over 5% of our outstanding Class A Common Stock.

Paulson & Co. Inc. WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and entity affiliated with, and managed by affiliates of, Paulson, holds over 5% of our outstanding Class A Common Stock.

Colony Capital, LLC . Prior to Parent’s initial public offering in May 2013, and the common stock recapitalization which occurred in connection with such offering, entities affiliated with Colony held over 5% of our then-outstanding Class A Common Stock.

Payments Made to an Entity Where a Company Director is an Officer and Shareholder

Matthew R. Niemann, a member of our board of directors, serves as Managing Director and Head of Houlihan Lokey Howard & Zukin Financial Advisors, Inc.’s, or Houlihan, Real Estate Advisory Group and owns shares of Houlihan. Houlihan received payments from the Company in 2011 and 2012 for services performed on behalf of creditors during the recent Chapter 11 restructuring, and for services performed related to the Company’s Senior Notes offering and debt refinancing. The Company paid $1.2 million and $0.2 million to Houlihan during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, respectively.

Transactions with Certain Beneficial Owners

On February 25, 2012, in connection with the consummation of the principal transactions contemplated by the Plan, entities affiliated with Luxor, acquired (i) 21,427,135 shares of Parent’s Class A Common Stock, in exchange for the formerly outstanding senior notes, (ii) 15,445,838 shares of Parent’s Class C Common Stock for approximately $9.5 million in cash consideration and (iii) 61,509,204 shares of Parent’s Convertible Preferred Stock for approximately $47.4 million in cash. As of December 23, 2013, Luxor holds approximately 18.4% of the total voting power of Parent’s outstanding capital stock. See Note 2 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information. Nathaniel Redleaf, one of Parent’s directors, has served in an analyst capacity at Luxor since 2006.

On June 28, 2012, California Lyon consummated the purchase of certain real property (comprising approximately 165 acres) in San Diego County, California; San Bernardino County, California; Maricopa County, Arizona; and Clark County, Nevada, representing seven separate residential for sale developments, comprising over 1,000 lots. The aggregate purchase price of the property was $21,500,000. The Company paid $11,000,000 cash, and issued 10,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock of Parent, or approximately 18.3% of Parent’s then-outstanding Class A Common Stock, to investment vehicles managed by affiliates of Colony, for consideration of the property. As of May 21, 2013, Colony holds approximately 2.6% of the total voting power of Parent’s outstanding capital stock.

California Lyon was a party to Amended Term Loan, dated February 25, 2012, with ColFin WLH Funding, LLC, as Administrative Agent and as a lender. ColFin WLH Funding, LLC is an affiliate of Colony. The principal amount outstanding under the Amended Term Loan Agreement was $235.0 million and bore interest at a rate of 10.25% per annum with interest payments of $24.1 million annually. As discussed in the section entitled “Description of Certain Indebtedness,” California Lyon used a portion of the proceeds from the sale of the outstanding notes to pay in full the amounts outstanding under the Amended Term Loan.

On October 12, 2012, the Company entered into a Subscription Agreement, or the Paulson Subscription Agreement, between the Company and WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC, pursuant to which, the Company issued to Paulson (i) 15,238,095 shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock for $16,000,000 in cash and (ii) 12,173,913 shares of the Company’s Convertible Preferred Stock for $14,000,000 in cash, for an aggregate purchase price of $30,000,000, or the Paulson Transaction. As of May 21, 2013, Paulson currently holds approximately 7.1% of the total voting power of Parent’s outstanding capital stock. Michael Barr, who was appointed as a member of our board of directors on November 7, 2012, to fill a newly created board seat in connection with the Paulson Subscription Agreement, is currently a partner of Paulson, which he joined in 2008.

In October 2013, California Lyon acquired certain finished and unfinished lots at a master planned community located in Aurora, Colorado, for a cash purchase price of approximately $20.0 million, from an entity managed by an affiliate of Paulson. A separate entity affiliated with, and managed by affiliates of, Paulson, holds over 5% of the Company’s outstanding Class A Common Stock. California Lyon participated in a competitive bidding process for the lots and the

 

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Company believes that the acquisition was on terms no less favorable than it would have agreed to with unrelated parties. The transaction was approved by the Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors and by the Company’s full Board of Directors, with the exception of Mr. Barr who recused himself from the vote because of his affiliation with Paulson. Mr. Barr currently serves as Portfolio Manager for the Paulson Real Estate Funds, which are affiliates of Paulson, where he is responsible for all aspects of the real estate private equity business. Mr. Barr is also a partner in Paulson, which he joined in 2008.

 

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Agreements with Entities Controlled by General William Lyon and William H. Lyon

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, the Company incurred reimbursable on-site labor costs of $303,000, $318,000, and $217,000, respectively, for providing customer service to real estate projects developed by entities controlled by General William Lyon and William H. Lyon, of which $7,000 and $24,000 was due to the Company at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, all of which has been paid. The Company earned fees of $157,000, $130,000, and $24,000, respectively, for tax and accounting services performed for entities controlled by General William Lyon and William H. Lyon during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010. The Company does not expect to incur reimbursable on-site labor costs or to perform tax and accounting services for entities controlled by General William Lyon or William H. Lyon beyond 2012.

The Company earned fees of $232,000, $362,000, and $426,000 during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, related to a Human Resources and Payroll Services contract between California Lyon and an entity controlled by General William Lyon and William H. Lyon. Effective April 1, 2011, the Company and this entity amended the Human Resources and Payroll Services contract to provide for a payment by the affiliate to the Company of a base monthly fee of $21,335 and a variable monthly fee equal to $23 multiplied by the number of active employees employed by such entity (which initially resulted in a variable monthly fee of approximately $8,000). The amended contract also provided that the Company would be reimbursed by such affiliate for a pro rata share of any bonuses paid to the Company’s Human Resources staff (other than any bonus paid to the Vice President of Human Resources). The Company believes that the compensation paid to it for the services provided to the affiliate was at a market rate of compensation, and that as a result of the fees paid to the Company under this contract, the overall cost to the Company of its Human Resources department was reduced. This contract expired on August 31, 2012 and was not renewed. Any future services provided to the affiliate will be on an as needed basis and will be paid for based on an hourly rate.

Rent Paid to a Trust of which William H. Lyon is the Sole Beneficiary

In each of the three years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, the Company incurred charges of $0.8 million related to rent on the Company’s former corporate office, which is owned by two trusts of which William H. Lyon is the sole beneficiary. For the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company has made rental payments totaling $0.8 million. The lease expired in March 2013 and the Company has since relocated its corporate office upon expiration of the lease. The Company has entered into a lease for the new location with an unrelated third party.

Note Receivable from Sale of Aircraft

Presley CMR, Inc., a California corporation, or Presley CMR, and wholly owned subsidiary of California Lyon, entered into an Aircraft Purchase and Sale Agreement, or PSA, with an affiliate of General William Lyon to sell the aircraft, owned by the Company. The PSA provides for an aggregate purchase price for the aircraft of $8.3 million (which value was the appraised fair market value of the aircraft), which consists of: (i) cash in the amount of $2.1 million which was paid at closing and (ii) a promissory note from the affiliate in the amount of $6.2 million, which is included in receivables in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The closing of this sale occurred on September 9, 2009. The note is secured by the aircraft. As part of the Company’s fresh start accounting, the note was adjusted to its fair value of $5.2 million. The discount on the fresh start adjustment is amortized over the remaining life of the note. The note requires semiannual interest payments to California Lyon of approximately $132,000. The note is due in September 2016.

Certain Family Relationships

William H. Lyon, one of the Company’s directors and the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, is the son of General William Lyon. General William Lyon is the Company’s Chairman of the board of directors and the Executive Chairman. William H. Lyon’s compensation is disclosed in the “Executive Compensation—Summary Compensation Table.”

Director Independence

Based upon information requested from and provided by each director concerning his or her background, employment and affiliations, including family relationships, with us, our senior management and our independent registered public accounting firm, our board of directors has determined that all but two of our directors, General William Lyon and William H. Lyon, are independent directors under standards established by the SEC and the NYSE.

 

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THE EXCHANGE OFFER

As used in this section of the prospectus, the terms “we,” “us” and “our” and similar expressions refer only to William Lyon Homes, Inc. and not to its subsidiaries or Parent unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires.

General

We are offering to exchange a like principal amount of exchange notes for any or all outstanding notes on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this prospectus and accompanying letter of transmittal. We refer to the offer as the “exchange offer.” You may tender some or all of your outstanding notes pursuant to the exchange offer, in permitted denominations.

As of the date of this prospectus, $100,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 issued October 24, 2013 is outstanding. This prospectus, together with the letter of transmittal, is first being sent to all registered holders of outstanding notes known to us on or about             . Our obligation to accept outstanding notes for exchange pursuant to the exchange offer is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions set forth under “—Conditions to the Exchange Offer” below. We anticipate that each of the conditions will be satisfied and that no waivers will be necessary.

Purpose and Effect of the Exchange Offer

We issued $100,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes on October 24, 2013 (the “original issue date”). In connection with the private offering and sale of the outstanding notes, we and the guarantors of the notes entered into a registration rights agreement with the initial purchasers of the outstanding notes in which we agreed, under certain circumstances, to file a registration statement relating to an offer to exchange the outstanding notes for exchange notes. The following description of the registration rights agreement is only a brief summary of the agreement. It does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to all of the terms, conditions and provisions of the registration rights agreement. For further information, please refer to the registration rights agreement listed in the exhibit index in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Pursuant to the registration rights agreement, we agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to cause the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part to become effective within 180 days after the original issue date and to cause the exchange offer to be consummated within 210 days after the original issue date. The form and terms of the exchange notes will be identical in all material respects to the form and terms of the outstanding notes, except that the offer and sale of the exchange notes will be registered under the Securities Act, and the exchange notes will have a different CUSIP number and will not contain terms with respect to transfer restrictions, registration rights and additional payments upon a failure to fulfill certain of our obligations under the registration rights agreement.

Pursuant to the registration rights agreement and under the circumstances set forth below, we and the guarantors of the notes agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to cause the SEC to declare effective a shelf registration statement with respect to the resale of the outstanding notes within the time periods specified in the registration rights agreement and to keep the shelf registration statement effective until the earlier of two years from the original issue date and the date on which no notes are Transfer Restricted Securities (as defined in the registration statement). These circumstances include:

 

   

if applicable interpretations of the staff of the SEC do not permit us to effect the exchange offer;

 

   

if, for any other reason, we do not consummate the exchange offer within 210 days of the original issue date;

 

   

if an initial purchaser of the outstanding notes notifies us following consummation of the exchange offer that outstanding notes held by it are not eligible to be exchanged for exchange notes in the exchange offer; or

 

   

certain holders are prohibited by law or SEC policy from participating in the exchange offer or may not resell the exchange notes acquired by them in the exchange offer to the public without delivering a prospectus.

If we fail to comply with specified obligations under the registration rights agreement, we will be required to pay additional cash interest to holders of the outstanding notes. Such additional interest will generally be required to be paid if:

 

   

we fail to file any of the registration statements required by the registration rights agreement on or prior to the date specified for such filing;

 

   

on or prior to the 210th day after the original issue date, the exchange offer has not been consummated and the shelf registration statement has not been declared effective by the SEC;

 

   

the shelf registration statement (if required in lieu of the exchange offer) has not been declared effective by the SEC on or prior to the applicable date specified in the registration rights agreement; or

 

   

after the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part or the shelf registration statement, as the case may be, is effective, such registration statement thereafter ceases to be effective or usable (subject to certain exceptions).

 

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If you wish to exchange your outstanding notes for exchange notes in the exchange offer, you will be required to make the following written representations:

 

   

you will acquire the exchange notes in the ordinary course of your business;

 

   

at the time of the commencement of the exchange offer, you have no arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in the distribution (within the meaning of the Securities Act) of the exchange notes in violation of the provisions of the Securities Act;

 

   

you are not our “affiliate” or an “affiliate” of any guarantor of the notes, as defined by Rule 405 of the Securities Act, or if you are an “affiliate,” you will comply with the registration and prospectus-delivery requirements of the Securities Act to the extent applicable; and

 

   

you are not engaged in, and do not intend to engage in, a distribution of exchange notes.

Each broker-dealer that receives exchange notes for its own account in exchange for outstanding notes, where such outstanding notes were acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities, must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in connection with any resale of such exchange notes. See “Plan of Distribution.”

Resale of Exchange Notes

Based on interpretations by the SEC set forth in no-action letters issued to third parties, we believe that you may resell or otherwise transfer exchange notes issued in the exchange offer without complying with the registration and prospectus-delivery provisions of the Securities Act, if:

 

   

you are acquiring the exchange notes in the ordinary course of your business;

 

   

you do not have an arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in a distribution of the exchange notes;

 

   

you are not our “affiliate” or an “affiliate” of any guarantor of the notes as defined by Rule 405 of the Securities Act; and

 

   

you are not engaged in, and do not intend to engage in, a distribution of the exchange notes.

If you are our “affiliate,” or are engaging in, or intend to engage in, or have any arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in, a distribution of the exchange notes, or are not acquiring the exchange notes in the ordinary course of your business, then:

 

   

you cannot rely on the position of the SEC set forth in Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated (available June 5, 1991) and Exxon Capital Holdings Corporation (available May 13, 1988), as interpreted in the SEC’s letter to Shearman & Sterling , dated July 2, 1993, or similar no-action letters; and

 

   

in the absence of an exception from the position stated immediately above, you must comply with the registration and prospectus-delivery requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any resale of the exchange notes.

This prospectus may be used for an offer to resell, or for the resale or other transfer of exchange notes only as specifically set forth in this prospectus. With regard to broker-dealers, only broker-dealers that acquired the outstanding notes as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities may participate in the exchange offer. Each broker-dealer that receives exchange notes for its own account in exchange for outstanding notes where such outstanding notes were acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in connection with any resale of the exchange notes. Please read “Plan of Distribution” for more details regarding the transfer of exchange notes.

Terms of the Exchange Offer

On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this prospectus and in the accompanying letters of transmittal, we will accept for exchange in the exchange offer any outstanding notes that are validly tendered and not validly withdrawn prior to the expiration date. Outstanding notes may only be tendered in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000. We will issue $2,000 principal amount or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof of exchange notes in exchange for a corresponding principal amount of outstanding notes surrendered in the exchange offer. In exchange for each outstanding note surrendered in the exchange offer, we will issue exchange notes with a like principal amount.

 

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The form and terms of the exchange notes will be identical in all material respects to the form and terms of the outstanding notes, except that the offer and sale of the exchange notes will be registered under the Securities Act and the exchange notes will have a different CUSIP number and will not contain terms with respect to transfer restrictions, registration rights and additional payments upon a failure to fulfill certain of our obligations under the registration rights agreement. The exchange notes will be issued under and entitled to the benefits of the indenture that authorized the issuance of the outstanding notes. For a description of the indenture, see “Description of the Notes.”

The exchange offer is not conditioned upon any minimum aggregate principal amount of outstanding notes being tendered for exchange.

As of the date of this prospectus, $100,000,000 aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes is outstanding. This prospectus and the letters of transmittal are being sent to all registered holders of outstanding notes. There will be no fixed record date for determining registered holders of outstanding notes entitled to participate in the exchange offer.

We intend to conduct the exchange offer in accordance with the provisions of the registration rights agreement, the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations of the SEC. Outstanding notes that are not tendered for exchange in the exchange offer will remain outstanding and continue to accrue interest and be entitled to the rights and benefits that such holders have under the indenture relating to such holders’ outstanding notes and the registration rights agreement, except we will not have any further obligations to provide for the registration of the outstanding notes under the registration rights agreement.

We will be deemed to have accepted for exchange properly tendered outstanding notes when we have given written notice of the acceptance to the exchange agent. The exchange agent will act as agent for the tendering holders for the purposes of receiving the exchange notes from us and delivering exchange notes to holders. Subject to the terms of the registration rights agreement, we expressly reserve the right to amend or terminate the exchange offer and to refuse to accept outstanding notes for exchange upon the occurrence of any of the conditions specified below under “—Conditions to the Exchange Offer.”

If you tender your outstanding notes in the exchange offer, you will not be required to pay brokerage commissions or fees or, subject to the instructions in the letter of transmittal, transfer taxes with respect to the exchange of outstanding notes. We will pay all charges and expenses, other than certain applicable taxes described below, in connection with the exchange offer. It is important that you read the information under the caption “—Fees and Expenses” below for more details regarding fees and expenses incurred in the exchange offer.

Expiration Date; Extensions; Amendments

As used in this prospectus, the term “expiration date” means midnight, New York City time, on the evening of . However, if we, in our sole discretion, extend the period of time for which the exchange offer is open, the term “expiration date” will mean the latest time and date to which we shall have extended the expiration of such exchange offer.

To extend the period of time during which an exchange offer is open, we will notify the exchange agent of any extension by written notice, followed by notification by press release or other public announcement to the registered holders of the outstanding notes no later than 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on the next business day after the previously scheduled expiration date. The notification will set forth, among other things, the approximate number of outstanding notes tendered to date.

We reserve the right, in our sole discretion:

 

   

to delay accepting for exchange any outstanding notes (only in the case that we amend or extend the exchange offer);

 

   

to extend the exchange offer or to terminate the exchange offer if any of the conditions set forth below under “—Conditions to the Exchange Offer” have not been satisfied by giving written notice of such delay, extension or termination to the exchange agent; and

 

   

subject to the terms of the registration rights agreement, to amend the terms of the exchange offer in any manner. In the event of a material change in the exchange offer, including the waiver of a material condition, we will extend the offer period, if necessary, so that at least five business days remain in such offer period following notice of the material change.

 

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Any delay in acceptance, extension, termination or amendment will be followed as promptly as practicable by written notice to the registered holders of the outstanding notes. If we amend an exchange offer in a manner that we determine to constitute a material change, we will promptly disclose the amendment in a manner reasonably calculated to inform the holders of applicable outstanding notes of that amendment.

Conditions to the Exchange Offer

Despite any other term of the exchange offer, we will not be required to accept for exchange, or to issue exchange notes in exchange for, any outstanding notes, and we may terminate or amend the exchange offer as provided in this prospectus prior to the expiration date if in our reasonable judgment:

 

   

the exchange offer, or the making of any exchange by a holder violates any applicable law or interpretation of the SEC; or

 

   

any action or proceeding has been instituted or threatened in writing in any court or by or before any governmental agency with respect to the exchange offer that, in our judgment, would reasonably be expected to impair our ability to proceed with the exchange offer.

In addition, we will not be obligated to accept for exchange the outstanding notes of any holder that has not made to us:

 

   

the representations described under “—Purpose and Effect of the Exchange Offer” and “—Procedures for Tendering Outstanding Notes” and “Plan of Distribution;” and

 

   

any other representations as may be reasonably necessary under applicable SEC rules, regulations, or interpretations to make available to us an appropriate form for registration of the offer and sale of the exchange notes under the Securities Act.

We expressly reserve the right at any time or at various times to extend the period of time during which the exchange offer is open. Consequently, we may delay acceptance of any outstanding notes by giving oral or written notice of such extension to their holders. We will return any outstanding notes that we do not accept for exchange for any reason without expense to their tendering holder promptly after the expiration or termination of the exchange offer.

We expressly reserve the right to amend or terminate the exchange offer and to reject for exchange any outstanding notes not previously accepted for exchange upon the occurrence of any of the conditions of the exchange offer specified above. We will give oral or written notice of any extension, amendment, non-acceptance or termination to the holders of the outstanding notes as promptly as practicable. In the case of any extension, such notice will be issued no later than 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on the next business day after the previously scheduled expiration date.

These conditions are for our sole benefit, and we may assert them regardless of the circumstances that may give rise to them or waive them in whole or in part at any or at various times prior to the expiration date in our sole discretion. If we fail at any time to exercise any of the foregoing rights, this failure will not constitute a waiver of such right. Each such right will be deemed an ongoing right that we may assert at any time or at various times prior to the expiration date.

In addition, we will not accept for exchange any outstanding notes tendered, and will not issue exchange notes in exchange for any such outstanding notes, if at such time any stop order is threatened or in effect with respect to the registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part or the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.

Procedures for Tendering Outstanding Notes

To tender your outstanding notes in the exchange offer, you must comply with either of the following:

 

   

complete, sign and date the letter of transmittal or a facsimile of the letter of transmittal, have the signature(s) on the letter of transmittal guaranteed if required by the letter of transmittal and mail or deliver such letter of transmittal or facsimile thereof to the exchange agent at the address set forth below under “—Exchange Agent” prior to the expiration date; or

 

   

comply with DTC’s Automated Tender Offer Program procedures described below.

 

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In addition, you must comply with either of the following conditions:

 

   

the exchange agent must receive certificates for outstanding notes along with the letter of transmittal prior to the expiration date;

 

   

the exchange agent must receive a timely confirmation of book-entry transfer of outstanding notes into the exchange agent’s account at DTC according to the procedures for book-entry transfer described below or a properly transmitted agent’s message prior to the expiration date; or

 

   

you must comply with the guaranteed delivery procedures described below.

Your tender, if not withdrawn prior to the expiration date, constitutes an agreement between us and you upon the terms and subject to the conditions described in this prospectus and the letter of transmittal.

The method of delivery of outstanding notes, letters of transmittal and all other required documents to the exchange agent is at your election and risk. We recommend that instead of delivery by mail, you use an overnight or hand delivery service, properly insured. In all cases, you should allow sufficient time to assure timely delivery to the exchange agent before the expiration date. You should not send letters of transmittal or certificates representing outstanding notes to us. You may request that your broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or nominee effect the above transactions for you.

If you are a beneficial owner whose outstanding notes are held in the name of a broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee and you wish to tender your outstanding notes, you should promptly instruct the registered holder to tender outstanding notes on your behalf. If you wish to tender the outstanding notes yourself, you must, prior to completing and executing the letter of transmittal and delivering your outstanding notes, either:

 

   

make appropriate arrangements to register ownership of the outstanding notes in your name; or

 

   

obtain a properly completed bond power from the registered holder of outstanding notes.

The transfer of registered ownership may take considerable time and may not be able to be completed prior to the expiration date. We are not responsible for any delays in any such transfer.

Signatures on the letter of transmittal or a notice of withdrawal, as the case may be, must be guaranteed by a member firm of a registered national securities exchange or of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., a commercial bank or trust company having an office or correspondent in the United States or another “eligible guarantor institution” within the meaning of Rule 17A(d)-15 under the Exchange Act, unless the outstanding notes surrendered for exchange are tendered:

 

   

by a registered holder of the outstanding notes who has not completed the box entitled “Special Registration Instructions” or “Special Delivery Instructions” on the letter of transmittal; or

 

   

for the account of an eligible guarantor institution.

If the letter of transmittal is signed by a person other than the registered holder of any outstanding notes listed on the outstanding notes, such outstanding notes must be endorsed or accompanied by a properly completed bond power. The bond power must be signed by the registered holder as the registered holder’s name appears on the outstanding notes and an eligible guarantor institution must guarantee the signature on the bond power.

If the letter of transmittal or any certificates representing outstanding notes or bond powers are signed by trustees, executors, administrators, guardians, attorneys-in-fact, officers of corporations, or others acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, those persons should also so indicate when signing and, unless waived by us, they should also submit evidence satisfactory to us of their authority to so act.

Any financial institution that is a participant in DTC’s system may use DTC’s Automated Tender Offer Program to tender. Participants in the program may, instead of physically completing and signing the letter of transmittal and delivering it to the exchange agent, electronically transmit their acceptance of the exchange by causing DTC to transfer the outstanding notes to the exchange agent in accordance with DTC’s Automated Tender Offer Program procedures for transfer. DTC will then send an agent’s message to the exchange agent. The term “agent’s message” means a message transmitted by DTC, received by the exchange agent and forming part of the book-entry confirmation, which states that:

 

   

DTC has received an express acknowledgment from a participant in its Automated Tender Offer Program that is tendering outstanding notes that are the subject of the book-entry confirmation;

 

   

the participant has received and agrees to be bound by the terms of the letter of transmittal, or in the case of an agent’s message relating to guaranteed delivery, that such participant has received and agrees to be bound by the notice of guaranteed delivery; and

 

   

we may enforce that agreement against such participant.

 

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DTC is referred to herein as a “book-entry transfer facility.”

Acceptance of Exchange Notes

In all cases, we will promptly issue exchange notes for outstanding notes that we have accepted for exchange under the exchange offer only after the exchange agent timely receives:

 

   

outstanding notes or a timely book-entry confirmation of such outstanding notes into the exchange agent’s account at the book-entry transfer facility; and

 

   

a properly completed and duly executed letter of transmittal and all other required documents or a properly transmitted agent’s message.

By tendering outstanding notes pursuant to the exchange offer, you will represent to us that, among other things:

 

   

you are not our “affiliate” or an “affiliate” of any guarantor of the notes within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act;

 

   

you do not have an arrangement or understanding with any person or entity to participate in a distribution of the exchange notes; and

 

   

you are acquiring the exchange notes in the ordinary course of your business.

In addition, each broker-dealer that is to receive exchange notes for its own account in exchange for outstanding notes must represent that such outstanding notes were acquired by that broker-dealer as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities and must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus that meets the requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any resale of the exchange notes. The letter of transmittal states that by so acknowledging and by delivering a prospectus, a broker-dealer will not be deemed to admit that it is an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act. See “Plan of Distribution.”

Our interpretation of the terms and conditions of the exchange offer, including the letters of transmittal and the instructions to the letters of transmittal, and our resolution of all questions as to the validity, form, eligibility, including time of receipt, and acceptance of outstanding notes tendered for exchange will be final and binding on all parties. We reserve the absolute right to reject any and all tenders of any particular outstanding notes not properly tendered or to not accept any particular outstanding notes if the acceptance might, in our or our counsel’s judgment, be unlawful. We also reserve the absolute right to waive any defects or irregularities as to any particular outstanding notes prior to the expiration date.

Unless waived, any defects or irregularities in connection with tenders of outstanding notes for exchange must be cured before the expiration date. Neither we, the exchange agent, nor any other person will be under any duty to give notification of any defect or irregularity with respect to any tender of outstanding notes for exchange, nor will we or any of them incur any liability for any failure to give notification. Any outstanding notes received by the exchange agent that are not properly tendered and as to which the irregularities have not been cured or waived will be returned by the exchange agent to the tendering holder, unless otherwise provided in the letter of transmittal, promptly after the expiration date.

Book-Entry Delivery Procedures

Promptly after the date of this prospectus, the exchange agent will establish an account with respect to the outstanding notes at DTC and, as the book-entry transfer facility, for purposes of the exchange offer. Any financial institution that is a participant in the book-entry transfer facility’s system may make book-entry delivery of the outstanding notes by causing the book-entry transfer facility to transfer those outstanding notes into the exchange agent’s account at the facility in accordance with the facility’s procedures for such transfer. To be timely, book-entry delivery of outstanding notes requires receipt of a confirmation of a book-entry transfer, which we refer to as a “book-entry confirmation,” prior to the expiration date. In addition, although delivery of outstanding notes may be effected through book-entry transfer into the exchange agent’s account at the book-entry transfer facility, the letter of transmittal or a manually signed facsimile thereof, together with any required signature guarantees and any other required documents, or an “agent’s message,” as defined below, in connection with a book-entry transfer, must, in any case, be delivered or transmitted to and received by the exchange agent at its address set forth on the cover page of the letter of transmittal prior to the expiration date to receive exchange notes for tendered outstanding notes, or the guaranteed delivery procedure described below must be complied with. Tender will not be deemed made until such documents are received by the exchange agent. Delivery of documents to the book-entry transfer facility does not constitute delivery to the exchange agent.

 

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Holders of outstanding notes who are unable to deliver confirmation of the book-entry tender of their outstanding notes into the exchange agent’s account at the book-entry transfer facility or all other documents required by the letter of transmittal to the exchange agent on or prior to the expiration date must tender their outstanding notes according to the guaranteed delivery procedures described below.

Guaranteed Delivery Procedures

If you wish to tender your outstanding notes, but your outstanding notes are not immediately available or you cannot deliver your outstanding notes, the letter of transmittal or any other required documents to the exchange agent or comply with the procedures under DTC’s Automatic Tender Offer Program, prior to the expiration date, you may still tender if:

 

   

the tender is made through an eligible guarantor institution;

 

   

prior to the expiration date, the exchange agent receives from such eligible guarantor institution either a properly completed and duly executed notice of guaranteed delivery, by facsimile transmission, mail or hand delivery or a properly transmitted agent’s message and notice of guaranteed delivery, that (1) sets forth your name and address, the certificate number(s) of such outstanding notes and the principal amount of outstanding notes tendered; (2) states that the tender is being made thereby; and (3) guarantees that, within three New York Stock Exchange trading days after the expiration date, the letter of transmittal, or facsimile thereof, together with the outstanding notes or a book-entry confirmation, and any other documents required by the letter of transmittal, will be deposited by the eligible guarantor institution with the exchange agent; and

 

   

the exchange agent receives the properly completed and executed letter of transmittal or facsimile thereof, as well as certificate(s) representing all tendered outstanding notes in proper form for transfer or a book-entry confirmation of transfer of the outstanding notes into the exchange agent’s account at DTC and all other documents required by the letter of transmittal, within three business days after the expiration date.

Upon request, the exchange agent will send to you a notice of guaranteed delivery if you wish to tender your outstanding notes according to the guaranteed delivery procedures.

Withdrawal Rights

Except as otherwise provided in this prospectus, you may withdraw your tender of outstanding notes at any time prior to the expiration date. For a withdrawal to be effective:

 

   

the exchange agent must receive a written notice, which may be by telegram, telex, facsimile or letter, of withdrawal at its address set forth below under “—Exchange Agent;” or

 

   

you must comply with the appropriate procedures of DTC’s Automated Tender Offer Program system.

Any notice of withdrawal must:

 

   

specify the name of the person who tendered the outstanding notes to be withdrawn;

 

   

identify the outstanding notes to be withdrawn, including the certificate numbers and principal amount of the outstanding notes; and

 

   

where certificates for outstanding notes have been transmitted, specify the name in which such outstanding notes were registered, if different from that of the withdrawing holder.

If certificates for outstanding notes have been delivered or otherwise identified to the exchange agent, then, prior to the release of such certificates, you must also submit:

 

   

the certificate numbers of the particular certificates to be withdrawn; and

 

   

a signed notice of withdrawal with signatures guaranteed by an eligible guarantor institution, unless you are an eligible guarantor institution.

If outstanding notes have been tendered pursuant to the procedures for book-entry transfer described above, any notice of withdrawal must specify the name and number of the account at the book-entry transfer facility to be credited with the withdrawn outstanding notes and otherwise comply with the procedures of the facility. We will determine, in our reasonable discretion, all questions as to the validity, form and eligibility, including time of receipt of notices of withdrawal, and our determination will be final and binding on all parties. Any outstanding notes so withdrawn will be deemed not to have been validly tendered for exchange for purposes of the exchange offer. Any outstanding notes that have been tendered for exchange but that are not exchanged for any reason will be returned to their holder, without cost to the holder, or, in the case of book-entry transfer, the outstanding notes will be credited to an account at the book-entry transfer facility, promptly after withdrawal, rejection of tender or termination of the exchange offer. Properly withdrawn outstanding notes may be retendered by following the procedures described under “—Procedures for Tendering Outstanding Notes” above at any time on or prior to the expiration date.

 

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Exchange Agent

U.S. Bank National Association has been appointed as the exchange agent for the exchange offer. U.S. Bank National Association, also acts as trustee under the indenture governing the notes. You should direct all executed letters of transmittal and all questions and requests for assistance, requests for additional copies of this prospectus or of the letters of transmittal, and requests for notices of guaranteed delivery to the exchange agent addressed as follows:

U.S. Bank National Association

60 Livingston Avenue

St. Paul, MN 55107

Attention: Specialized Finance

(if by mail, registered or certified recommended)

 

  By Facsimile:       To Confirm by Telephone:   
  (651) 466-7372       (800) 934-6802   
  Attention: Specialized Finance         

If you deliver the letter of transmittal to an address other than the one set forth above or transmit instructions via facsimile other than the one set forth above, that delivery or those instructions will not be effective.

Fees and Expenses

The registration rights agreement provide that we will bear all expenses in connection with the performance of our obligations relating to the registration of the exchange notes and the conduct of the exchange offer. These expenses include registration and filing fees, accounting and legal fees and printing costs, among others. We will pay the exchange agent reasonable and customary fees for its services and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses. We will also reimburse brokerage houses and other custodians, nominees and fiduciaries for customary mailing and handling expenses incurred by them in forwarding this prospectus and related documents to their clients that are holders of outstanding notes and for handling or tendering for such clients.

We have not retained any dealer-manager in connection with the exchange offer and will not pay any fee or commission to any broker, dealer, nominee or other person for soliciting tenders of outstanding notes pursuant to the exchange offer.

Accounting Treatment

We will record the exchange notes in our accounting records at the same carrying value as the outstanding notes, which is the aggregate principal amount as reflected in our accounting records on the date of exchange. Accordingly, we will not recognize any gain or loss for accounting purposes upon the consummation of the exchange offer. We will capitalize the expenses of the exchange offer and amortize them over the life of the notes.

Transfer Taxes

We will pay all transfer taxes, if any, applicable to the exchanges of outstanding notes under the exchange offer. The tendering holder, however, will be required to pay any transfer taxes, whether imposed on the registered holder or any other person, if:

 

   

certificates representing outstanding notes for principal amounts not tendered or accepted for exchange are to be delivered to, or are to be issued in the name of, any person other than the registered holder of outstanding notes tendered;

 

   

tendered outstanding notes are registered in the name of any person other than the person signing the letter of transmittal; or

 

   

a transfer tax is imposed for any reason other than the exchange of outstanding notes under the exchange offer.

If satisfactory evidence of payment of such taxes is not submitted with the letter of transmittal, the amount of such transfer taxes will be billed to that tendering holder.

 

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Holders who tender their outstanding notes for exchange will not be required to pay any transfer taxes. However, holders who instruct us to register exchange notes in the name of, or request that outstanding notes not tendered or not accepted in the exchange offer be returned to, a person other than the registered tendering holder will be required to pay any applicable transfer tax.

Consequences of Failure to Exchange

If you do not exchange your outstanding notes for exchange notes under the exchange offer, your outstanding notes will remain subject to the restrictions on transfer of such outstanding notes:

 

   

as set forth in the legend printed on the outstanding notes as a consequence of the issuance of the outstanding notes pursuant to the exemptions from, or in transactions not subject to, the registration requirements of the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws; and

 

   

as otherwise set forth in the confidential offering memorandum distributed in connection with the private offering of the outstanding notes.

In general, you may not offer or sell your outstanding notes except in transactions that are registered under the Securities Act or if the offer or sale is exempt from, or not subject to, the registration requirements of the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. Except as required by the registration rights agreement, we do not intend to register resales of the outstanding notes under the Securities Act.

Other

Participating in the exchange offer is voluntary, and you should carefully consider whether to participate. You are urged to consult your financial and tax advisors in making your own decision on what action to take.

We may in the future seek to acquire untendered outstanding notes in open market or privately negotiated transactions, through subsequent exchange offers or otherwise. We have no present plans to acquire any outstanding notes that are not tendered in the exchange offer or to file a registration statement to permit resales of any untendered outstanding notes.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS

Revolving Lines of Credit

On August 7, 2013, California Lyon entered into a credit agreement providing for a revolving credit facility of up to $100 million (the “Facility”). The Facility will mature on August 5, 2016, unless terminated earlier pursuant to its terms. The Facility contains an uncommitted accordion feature under which its aggregate principal amount can be increased to up to $125 million under certain circumstances, as well as a sublimit of $50 million for letters of credit. The Facility contains various covenants, including financial covenants relating to tangible net worth, leverage, liquidity and interest coverage, as well as a limitation on investments in joint ventures and non-guarantor subsidiaries.

The Facility contains customary events of default, subject to cure periods in certain circumstances, that would result in the termination of the commitment and permit the lenders to accelerate payment on outstanding borrowings and require cash collateralization of letters of credit, including: nonpayment of principal, interest and fees or other amounts; violation of covenants; inaccuracy of representations and warranties; cross default to certain other indebtedness; unpaid judgments; and certain bankruptcy and other insolvency events. If a change in control of the Company occurs, the lenders may terminate the commitment and require that California Lyon repay outstanding borrowings under the Facility and cash collateralize letters of credit. Interest rates on borrowings generally will be based on either LIBOR plus 3.25% or a base rate plus 2.25%. The commitment fee on the unused portion of the New Facility currently accrues at an annual rate of 0.50%.

Borrowings under the Facility, the availability of which is subject to a borrowing base formula, are required to be guaranteed by the Company and certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, are secured by a pledge of all equity interests held by such guarantors, and may be used for general corporate purposes. As of November 8, 2013, the Facility was undrawn.

On March 5, 2013, California Lyon entered into a Revolving Line of Credit Loan Agreement (the “Loan Agreement”), with California Bank & Trust (“CB&T”), providing for a revolving line of credit of $30.0 million (the “CB&T Revolving Facility”). The CB&T Revolving Facility provided us with funds for the development of residential lots, the construction of existing and future residential home projects within the states of California, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado, the issuance of letters of credit for the payment of costs incurred or associated with those projects and other general corporate purposes. In connection with the execution of the Loan Agreement, we issued a promissory note (together with the Loan Agreement and any ancillary documents and agreements executed pursuant to the Loan Agreement, the “Loan Documents”), in favor of CB&T. Our obligations under the CB&T Revolving Facility were secured by, among other things, a first and prior lien on and security interest in all the real and personal property comprising each qualified project that is admitted in the CB&T Revolving Facility.

Borrowings under the Loan Agreement bore interest, payable monthly, at our option of either (i) a fixed rate at LIBOR plus 3.00% per annum or (ii) a variable rate at the Prime Rate, as adjusted by CB&T in accordance with the Loan Agreement, plus 1.00% per annum. The floor interest for borrowings under the Loan Agreement range from 4.25% to 5.00%, depending on our total liabilities to tangible net worth ratio. Beginning on March 5, 2015, the maximum amount available under the CB&T Revolving Facility would have been reduced by $7.5 million every 90 days until the CB&T Revolving Facility matures. The CB&T Revolving Facility was scheduled to mature on March 5, 2016.

All outstanding borrowings under the CB&T Revolving Facility may, at the option of CB&T, be accelerated and become immediately due and payable in the event of a default under the Loan Agreement, which includes, among other things, the following events (subject to certain cure periods, as applicable): (i) our failure to pay any monetary amount when due under any Loan Document; (ii) the breach of certain covenants under the Loan Documents; (iii) any representations contained in the Loan Documents being materially misleading or false when made; (iv) defaults under certain other monetary obligations; (v) bankruptcy matters; (vi) litigation or proceedings that could constitute a material adverse change on California Lyon or a qualified project or (vii) certain judgments. The Loan Documents also contain negative covenants which restrict or limit us from, among other things, the following: (a) consolidating or merging with any person unless California Lyon is the surviving entity; (b) changing our fiscal year or accounting methods; (c) changing the character of our business; (d) suffering any change in the legal or beneficial ownership of any of our capital stock; (e) making loans or advances; (f) granting or continuing liens; (g) incurring debt and (h) acquiring assets.

In March 2013, as described below, one of our outstanding construction loans payable and its underlying collateral was rolled into the Loan Agreement. In July 2013, the Company repaid all of the outstanding balance of the Loan Agreement. On October 30, 2013, the Company terminated the Loan Agreement.

 

 

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Construction Notes Payable

In September 2012, we entered into two construction notes payable agreements. The first agreement had total availability under the facility of $19.0 million, and in March 2013, this loan and the underlying collateral were rolled into the Loan Agreement with CB&T, discussed above. The second construction note payable agreement has total availability under the facility of $17.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its joint venture projects. The loan matures in March 2015 and bears interest at prime rate + 1%, with a rate floor of 5.0%, which was the interest rate as of September 30, 2013. During the three months ended September 30, 2013, the Company repaid the entire outstanding balance under this loan.

In June 2013, the Company entered into another construction note payable agreement. The agreement has total availability under the facility of $28.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its joint venture projects. The loan matures in June 2016 and bears interest at the prime rate + 0.5%, with a rate floor of 4.0%, which was the interest rate as of September 30, 2013. As of September 30, 2013, the Company had borrowed $19.2 million under this facility. The loan will be repaid with proceeds from home closings of the project, is secured by the underlying project, and is guaranteed by the Company.

Seller Financing

At September 30, 2013, the Company had $16.2 million of notes payable outstanding related to two land acquisitions for which seller financing was provided. The first note had a balance of $1.7 million as of September 30, 2013, bears interest at 3% per annum, is secured by the underlying land, and matures in March 2014. The second note had a balance of $14.5 million as of September 30, 2013, bears interest at 7% per annum, is secured by the underlying land, and matures in May 2015.

8.500% Senior Notes Due 2020

On November 8, 2012, California Lyon completed its offering of $325 million principal amount of the initial notes. The initial notes were issued at 100% of their aggregate principal amount. The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of the initial notes, together with cash on hand, to refinance the Company’s (i) $235 million 10.25% Senior Secured Term Loan due 2015, (ii) approximately $76 million in aggregate principal amount of 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due 2017, (iii) approximately $11 million in principal amount of project related debt and (iv) to pay accrued and unpaid interest thereon.

As of September 30, 2013, the outstanding principal amount of the initial notes was $325 million, and the initial notes mature on November 15, 2020. The initial notes are senior unsecured obligations of California Lyon and are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by Parent and by certain of Parent’s existing and future restricted subsidiaries. The initial notes and the guarantees rank pari passu with all of our and our guarantors’ existing and future unsecured senior debt and senior in right of payment to all of our and our guarantors’ future subordinated debt. The initial notes and the guarantees are and will be effectively junior to any of our and our guarantors’ existing and future secured debt to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt. The initial notes bear interest at an annual rate of 8.500% per annum that is payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15, commencing on May 15, 2013.

On or after November 15, 2016, California Lyon may redeem all or a portion of the initial notes upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest to the applicable redemption date, if redeemed during the 12-month period beginning on November 15 of the years indicated below:

 

Year

   Percentage  

2016

     104.250

2017

     102.125

2018 and thereafter

     100.000

Prior to November 15, 2016, the initial notes may be redeemed in whole or in part at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, and accrued and unpaid interest to, the redemption date.

In addition, any time prior to November 15, 2015, California Lyon may, at its option on one or more occasions, redeem initial notes in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the initial notes issued prior to such date at a redemption price (expressed as a percentage of principal amount) of 108.5%, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with an amount equal to the net cash proceeds from one or more equity offerings.

 

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The indenture governing the initial notes contains covenants that limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee certain additional indebtedness; (ii) pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase stock; (iii) make certain investments; (iv) sell assets; (v) incur liens; (vi) enter into agreements restricting the ability of the Company’s restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or transfer assets; (vii) enter into transactions with affiliates; (viii) create unrestricted subsidiaries; and (viii) consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of the Company’s and California Lyon’s assets. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications as described in the indenture governing the initial notes.

On October 24, 2013, California Lyon completed the sale to certain purchasers of an additional $100 million in aggregate principal amount of its 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020, defined herein as the outstanding notes, at an issue price of 106.5% of their aggregate principal amount, plus accrued interest from and including May 15, 2013, in a private placement, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $104.7 million. The Company and Parent intend to use the net proceeds from the issuance of the outstanding notes for general corporate purposes, including the acquisition and development of land and home construction. The outstanding notes were issued pursuant to the same indenture as the initial notes. The outstanding notes and the initial notes are treated together with the initial notes as a single series of debt securities for all purposes under the indenture and will vote together on all matters under the indenture, and have terms identical to the initial notes, other than the issue date and offering price. We are offering hereby to issue up to $100 million aggregate principal amount of our 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020, which will be unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by Parent and certain of its existing and future direct and indirect subsidiaries, defined herein as the exchange notes, in an exchange offer that will be registered under the Securities Act, in exchange for any and all of the outstanding notes. We are offering hereby to exchange the outstanding notes for the exchange notes to satisfy our obligations in the registration rights agreement that we entered into when the outstanding notes were sold pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act. We will not receive any cash proceeds from the issuance of the exchange notes. In consideration for issuing the exchange notes as contemplated in this prospectus, we will receive in exchange outstanding notes in like principal amount, which will be cancelled.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF THE NOTES

As used below in this “Description of the Notes” section, the term “Issuer,” “we,” “us” or “our” means William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation, and its successors, but not any of its subsidiaries, and the “Parent” means William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation, and its successors, but not any of its subsidiaries.

The Issuer issued $100,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020, which we refer to as the outstanding notes, under an indenture dated as of November 8, 2012 (the “Indenture”) by and among the Issuer, the guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”), as a part of the same series as the $325,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 issued on November 8, 2012 pursuant to the Indenture, which we refer to as the initial notes.

Issuer will issue in exchange for the outstanding notes up to $100,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 8.500% Senior Notes that have been registered under the Securities Act, which we refer to as the exchange notes. Except as otherwise indicated below, the following summary applies to both the exchange notes and the outstanding notes, unless otherwise indicated. The term “Notes” means the exchange notes and the outstanding notes, unless otherwise indicated. The terms of the Notes include those stated in the Indenture and those made part of the Indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “TIA”).

The form and terms of the exchange notes will be identical in all material respects to the form and terms of the outstanding notes, except that the offer and sale of the exchange notes will be registered under the Securities Act and the exchange notes will have a different CUSIP number and will not contain terms with respect to transfer restrictions, registration rights and additional payments upon a failure to fulfill certain of our obligations under the registration rights agreement.

The following description is a summary of the material provisions of the Indenture. This summary does not restate the Indenture in its entirety. We urge you to read the Indenture because the Indenture, and not this description, defines your rights as a holder of the Notes. You can find definitions of certain terms used in this description under the heading “—Certain Definitions.” Certain defined terms used in this description but not defined below under the heading “—Certain Definitions” have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture. Requests for copies of the Indenture should be directed to Colin T. Severn, c/o William Lyon Homes, 4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor, Newport Beach, California 92660, phone (949) 833-3600.

The registered holder of a Note will be treated as the owner of it for all purposes. Only registered holders will have rights under the Indenture.

Brief Description of the Notes and the Note Guarantees

The Notes

The Notes:

 

   

are senior unsecured obligations of the Issuer;

 

   

are effectively subordinated to the Issuer’s obligations under any existing or future secured Indebtedness, including the Issuer’s $100,000,000 Facility and certain project-level financing for certain construction projects and land acquisitions, in each case to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such Indebtedness;

 

   

are pari passu in right of payment with all senior Indebtedness of the Issuer;

 

   

are senior in right of payment to any future subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, if any;

 

   

are structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities (including trade payables) of the Issuer’s subsidiaries that do not guarantee the Notes; and

 

   

are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Guarantors, subject to customary release provisions.

See “—Note Guarantees” below.

The Note Guarantees

The Issuer’s obligations under the Notes and the Indenture are jointly and severally guaranteed (the “Note Guarantees”) by the Guarantors. The Guarantors are William Lyon Homes and certain of its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

 

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The Note Guarantees:

 

   

are a senior unsecured obligation of that Guarantor;

 

   

are effectively subordinated to that Guarantor’s obligations under any existing or future secured Indebtedness, including the $100,000,000 Facility and certain project-level financing for certain construction projects and land acquisitions, in each case to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such Indebtedness;

 

   

are pari passu in right of payment with all senior Indebtedness of that Guarantor, including the guarantees by the Guarantors under the initial notes; and

 

   

are senior in right of payment to any future subordinated Indebtedness of that Guarantor.

Principal, Maturity and Interest

As of the date of this prospectus, $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of Notes are currently outstanding (not including the $325.0 million aggregate principal amount of the initial notes). The Notes are issued in minimum denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. The Notes will mature on November 15, 2020. Subject to our compliance with the covenant described under the subheading “—Certain Covenants—Limitation on Additional Indebtedness,” we are permitted to issue additional Notes from time to time under the Indenture (the “Additional Notes”). The Notes and the Additional Notes, if any, will be treated as a single class for all purposes under the Indenture, including waivers, amendments, redemptions and offers to purchase; provided , however , that a separate CUSIP will be issued for any Additional Notes unless the Notes and the Additional Notes are fungible for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Unless the context otherwise requires, for all purposes of the Indenture and this “Description of the Notes,” references to the “Notes” include any Additional Notes actually issued.

Interest on the Notes will accrue at the rate of 8.500% per annum and will be payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15. We will make each interest payment to the holders of record of the Notes on the immediately preceding May 1 and November 1. We will pay interest on overdue principal at 1% per annum in excess of the above rate and will pay interest on overdue installments of interest at such higher rate to the extent lawful.

Interest on the Notes will accrue from May 15, 2013. Interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day months.

Additional interest may accrue on the Notes in certain circumstances pursuant to the registration rights agreement.

Methods of Receiving Payments on the Notes

If a Holder has given wire transfer instructions to the Issuer at least ten Business Days prior to the applicable payment date, the Issuer will make all payments on such Holder’s Notes in accordance with those instructions. Otherwise, payments on the Notes will be made at the office or agency of the paying agent (the “Paying Agent”) and registrar (the “Registrar”) for the Notes within the City and State of New York unless the Issuer elects to make interest payments by check mailed to the Holders at their addresses set forth in the register of Holders. The Trustee will initially act as Paying Agent and Registrar. The Issuer may change the Paying Agent or Registrar without prior notice to the Holders, and the Issuer may act as Paying Agent or Registrar.

Optional Redemption

Except as set forth below, we will not be entitled to redeem the Notes at our option.

On and after November 15, 2016, we will be entitled at our option to redeem all or a portion of the Notes (which includes the initial notes and Additional Notes, if any) upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices (expressed in percentages of principal amount on the redemption date), plus accrued interest to the redemption date (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date), if redeemed during the 12-month period commencing on November 15 of the years set forth below:

 

Period

   Redemption
Price
 

2016

     104.250

2017

     102.125

2018 and thereafter

     100.000

In addition, any time prior to November 15, 2015, we will be entitled at our option on one or more occasions to redeem Notes (which includes the initial notes and Additional Notes, if any) in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed 35% of

 

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the aggregate principal amount of the Notes (which includes Additional Notes, if any) issued prior to such date at a redemption price (expressed as a percentage of principal amount) of 108.500%, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with an amount equal to the net cash proceeds from one or more Equity Offerings; provided , however , that

 

  (1) at least 65% of such aggregate principal amount of Notes (which includes Additional Notes, if any) remains outstanding immediately after the occurrence of each such redemption (with Notes held, directly or indirectly, by the Parent or its Affiliates being deemed to be not outstanding for purposes of such calculation); and

 

  (2) notice of such redemption shall have been given within 90 days after the date of the related Equity Offering.

Prior to November 15, 2016, we will be entitled, at our option, to redeem all or a portion of the Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest to, the redemption date (subject to the right of Holders on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date). Notice of such redemption must be mailed by first-class mail to each Holder’s registered address, not less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the redemption date.

Applicable Premium ” means with respect to a Note at any redemption date, the greater of (1) 1.00% of the principal amount of such Note and (2) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of (i) the redemption price of such Note on November 15, 2016 (such redemption price being described in the second paragraph in this “—Optional Redemption” section exclusive of any accrued interest) plus (ii) all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such Note through November 15, 2016 (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate, over (B) the principal amount of such Note on such redemption date.

Adjusted Treasury Rate ” means, with respect to any redemption date, (1) the yield, under the heading which represents the average for the immediately preceding week, appearing in the most recently published statistical release designated “H.15(519)” or any successor publication which is published weekly by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and which establishes yields on actively traded United States Treasury securities adjusted to constant maturity under the caption “Treasury Constant Maturities”, for the maturity corresponding to the Comparable Treasury Issue (if no maturity is within three months before or after November 15, 2016, yields for the two published maturities most closely corresponding to the Comparable Treasury Issue shall be determined and the Adjusted Treasury Rate shall be interpolated or extrapolated from such yields on a straight line basis, rounding to the nearest month) or (2) if such release (or any successor release) is not published during the week preceding the calculation date or does not contain such yields, the rate per year equal to the semi-annual equivalent yield to maturity of the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal amount) equal to the Comparable Treasury Price for such redemption date, in each case calculated on the third Business Day immediately preceding the redemption date, in each case, plus 0.50%.

Comparable Treasury Issue ” means the United States Treasury security selected by the Quotation Agent as having a maturity comparable to the remaining term of the Notes from the redemption date to November 15, 2016, that would be utilized, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of a maturity most nearly equal to November 15, 2016.

Comparable Treasury Price ” means, with respect to any redemption date, if clause (2) of the Adjusted Treasury Rate definition is applicable, the average of three, or such lesser number as is obtained by the Trustee, Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations for such redemption date.

Quotation Agent ” means the Reference Treasury Dealer selected by the Trustee after consultation with the Issuer.

Reference Treasury Dealer ” means Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and its successors and assigns and two other nationally recognized investment banking firms selected by the Issuer that are primary U.S. Government securities dealers.

Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations ” means with respect to each Reference Treasury Dealer and any redemption date, the average, as determined by the Trustee, of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue, expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount, quoted in writing to the Trustee by such Reference Treasury Dealer at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the third Business Day immediately preceding such redemption date.

 

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Selection and Notice of Redemption

In the event that less than all of the Notes are to be redeemed at any time pursuant to an optional redemption, selection of the Notes for redemption will be made by the Trustee as follows:

 

   

in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which the Notes are listed; or

 

   

if the Notes are not then listed on a national security exchange, on a pro rata basis, by lot or by such method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate.

No individual Note shall be redeemed in part. In addition, if a partial redemption is made, selection of the Notes or portions thereof for redemption shall be made by the Trustee only on a pro rata basis or on as nearly a pro rata basis as is practicable (subject to the procedures of The Depository Trust Company), unless that method is otherwise prohibited.

Notice of redemption will be mailed by first-class mail at least 30 but not more than 60 days before the date of redemption to each Holder of Notes to be redeemed at its registered address. If any Note is to be redeemed in part only, the notice of redemption that relates to that Note will state the portion of the principal amount of the Note to be redeemed. A new Note in a principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the Note will be issued in the name of the Holder of the Note upon cancellation of the original Note. On and after the date of redemption, interest will cease to accrue on Notes or portions thereof called for redemption so long as the Issuer has deposited with the Paying Agent (or, if the Issuer is the Paying Agent, has segregated and holds in trust) funds in satisfaction of the redemption price (including accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes to be redeemed) pursuant to the Indenture.

Mandatory Redemption; Offers to Purchase; Open Market Purchases

We are not required to make any mandatory redemption or sinking fund payments with respect to the Notes. However, under certain circumstances, we may be required to offer to purchase Notes as described under the captions “—Change of Control” and “—Certain Covenants—Limitation on Asset Sales.” We may at any time and from time to time purchase Notes in the open market or otherwise.

Note Guarantees

As of the date hereof, all of the Parent’s Subsidiaries (other than Duxford Title Reinsurance Company, Cerro Plata Associates, LLC, Silver Creek Preserve, Nobar Water Company, Horsethief Canyon Partners, Lyon Mission, LLC, Lyon Mayfield, Inc., Duxford Insurance Services, LLC, Henry Ranch, LLC, Laguna Big Horn, LLC, Lyon Mayfield, LLC and Whitney Ranch Village 5, LLC), including the Issuer, are “Restricted Subsidiaries,” and the Parent and all of the wholly-owned Restricted Subsidiaries (other than the Issuer) will be Guarantors. The Guarantors will jointly and severally guarantee, on a senior unsecured basis, our obligations under the Notes. The aggregate assets and revenues as of the nine months ended September 30, 2013, attributable to all subsidiaries of the Issuer that are not providing guarantees constituted 9% and 7%, respectively, of the Parent’s consolidated assets and revenues as of and for the period ended such date.

Not all of our Subsidiaries guarantee the Notes. Unrestricted Subsidiaries will not be Guarantors. Under the circumstances described below under the subheading “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Designation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries,” the Parent is permitted to designate some of its other Subsidiaries (other than the Issuer) as “Unrestricted Subsidiaries.” The effect of designating a Subsidiary as an “Unrestricted Subsidiary” is:

 

   

an Unrestricted Subsidiary will generally not be subject to the restrictive covenants in the Indenture;

 

   

a Subsidiary that has previously been a Guarantor and that is Designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary will be released from its Note Guarantee; and

 

   

the assets, income, cash flow and other financial results of an Unrestricted Subsidiary will not be consolidated with those of the Parent for purposes of calculating compliance with the restrictive covenants contained in the Indenture.

In the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of any of these non-Guarantor Subsidiaries, these non-Guarantor Subsidiaries will pay the holders of their debts and their trade creditors before they will be able to distribute any of their assets to us.

Each Subsidiary Guarantor that makes a payment under its Subsidiary Note Guarantee will be entitled upon payment in full of all guaranteed obligations under the Indenture to a contribution from each other Subsidiary Guarantor in an amount equal to such other Subsidiary Guarantor’s pro rata portion of such payment based on the respective net assets of all the Subsidiary Guarantors at the time of such payment determined in accordance with GAAP.

 

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Each Subsidiary Note Guarantee will contain a provision that will purport to limit the obligations of such Subsidiary Guarantor under its Subsidiary Note Guarantee as necessary to prevent that Subsidiary Note Guarantee from constituting a fraudulent conveyance under applicable law. See “Risk Factors—Fraudulent transfer and other laws may permit a court to void the issuance of the exchange notes and the note guarantees, and if that occurs, you may not receive any payments on the note guarantees”. If a Subsidiary Note Guarantee were rendered voidable, it could be subordinated by a court to all other indebtedness (including guarantees and other contingent liabilities) of the applicable Subsidiary Guarantor, and, depending on the amount of such indebtedness, a Subsidiary Guarantor’s liability on its Subsidiary Note Guarantee could be reduced to zero. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Exchange Notes.”

 

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Pursuant to the Indenture, a Subsidiary Guarantor may consolidate with or merge with or into, or convey, transfer or lease, in one transaction or a series of transactions, all or substantially all its assets to any other Person to the extent described below under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Mergers, Consolidations, Etc.”; provided , however , that if such other Person is not the Parent, the Issuer or a Subsidiary Guarantor, such Subsidiary Guarantor’s obligations under its Subsidiary Note Guarantee must be expressly assumed by such other Person, except that such assumption will not be required if such other Person is not a Subsidiary of the Parent and if in connection therewith the Parent provides an Officers’ Certificate to the Trustee to the effect that the Parent will comply with its obligations, if any, under the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Asset Sales” in respect of such transaction. Upon any transaction described in the proviso above, the obligor on the related Subsidiary Note Guarantee will be released from its obligations thereunder.

The Subsidiary Note Guarantee of a Subsidiary Guarantor also will be released:

(1) upon the disposition of all or a portion of the Capital Stock of such Subsidiary Guarantor such that such Subsidiary Guarantor ceases to be a Subsidiary, if the sale or other disposition does not violate the covenant described under “Certain Covenants—Limitations on Asset Sales”;

(2) upon the designation of such Subsidiary Guarantor as an Unrestricted Subsidiary;

(3) at such time as such Subsidiary Guarantor does not have any Guarantees outstanding that would have required such Subsidiary Guarantor to enter into a Guarantee pursuant to the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Additional Note Guarantees”; or

(4) if we exercise our legal defeasance option or our covenant defeasance option as described under “—Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance” or if our obligations under the Indenture are discharged in accordance with the terms of the Indenture.

Ranking

The Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Issuer. The Notes rank senior in right of payment to all future obligations of the Issuer that are, by their terms, expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Notes and pari passu in right of payment with all existing and future unsecured obligations of the Issuer that are not so subordinated. Each Note Guarantee is a general unsecured obligation of the Guarantor thereof and ranks senior in right of payment to all future obligations of such Guarantor that are, by their terms, expressly subordinated in right of payment to such Note Guarantee and pari passu in right of payment with all existing and future unsecured obligations of such Guarantor that are not so subordinated.

The Notes and each Note Guarantee will be effectively subordinated to secured Indebtedness of the Issuer and the applicable Guarantor to the extent of the value of the assets securing such Indebtedness. Although the Indenture contains limitations on the amount of additional Indebtedness, including secured Indebtedness, that the Issuer, Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries may incur, under certain circumstances such Indebtedness may be substantial. As of September 30, 2013, the Issuer and the Guarantors had $341.2 million of outstanding Indebtedness (not including the $100.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes issued in October 2013).

A portion of our operations is conducted through our Subsidiaries. As described above under “—Note Guarantees”, Subsidiary Guarantees may be released under certain circumstances. In addition, Duxford Title Reinsurance Company, Cerro Plata Associates, LLC, Silver Creek Preserve, Nobar Water Company, Horsethief Canyon Partners, Lyon Mission, LLC, Lyon Mayfield, Inc., Duxford Insurance Services, LLC, Henry Ranch, LLC, Laguna Big Horn, LLC, Lyon Mayfield, LLC and Whitney Ranch Village 5, LLC will not be Guarantors. Further, our future Subsidiaries may not be required to guarantee the Notes. Claims of creditors of such non-Guarantor Subsidiaries, including trade creditors and creditors holding indebtedness or guarantees issued by such non-Guarantor Subsidiaries, and claims of preferred stockholders of such non-Guarantor Subsidiaries generally will have priority with respect to the assets and earnings of such non-Guarantor Subsidiaries over the claims of our creditors, including Holders of the Notes. Accordingly, the Notes will be effectively subordinated to creditors (including trade creditors) and preferred stockholders, if any, of such non-Guarantor Subsidiaries.

At September 30, 2013, the total liabilities of our subsidiaries (other than the Subsidiary Guarantors as of the Issue Date) were approximately $21.5 million, including trade payables. Although the Indenture limits the incurrence of Indebtedness and preferred stock by certain of our subsidiaries, such limitation is subject to a number of significant qualifications and does not apply at all to Unrestricted Subsidiaries. Moreover, the Indenture does not impose any limitation on the incurrence by such subsidiaries of liabilities that are not considered Indebtedness under the Indenture. See “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Additional Indebtedness.”

 

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Change of Control

Upon the occurrence of any of the following events (each a “Change of Control”), each Holder shall have the right to require that the Issuer repurchase such Holder’s Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof on the date of purchase plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date):

(1) any “person” (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act), other than the Permitted Holders, is or becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, except that for purposes of this clause (1) such person shall be deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of all shares that any such person has the right to acquire, whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time), directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the total voting power of the Voting Stock of the Parent (for the purposes of this clause (1), such other person shall be deemed to beneficially own any Voting Stock of a Person held by any other Person (the “parent entity”), if such other person is the beneficial owner (as defined above in this clause (1)), directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the voting power of the Voting Stock of such parent entity);

(2) the stockholders of the Parent adopt a plan of liquidation or dissolution of the Parent; provided that a liquidation or dissolution of Parent which is part of a transaction that does not constitute a Change of Control pursuant to the proviso contained in clause (3) below shall not constitute a Change of Control;

(3) the merger or consolidation of the Parent with or into another Person or the merger of another Person with or into the Parent, or the sale of all or substantially all the assets of the Parent and its Restricted Subsidiaries (determined on a consolidated basis) to another Person; provided that a transaction following which (A) in the case of a merger or consolidation transaction, one or more holders of securities that represented 100% of the Voting Stock of the Parent immediately prior to such transaction (or other securities into which such securities are converted as part of such merger or consolidation transaction) own directly or indirectly at least a majority of the voting power of the Voting Stock of the surviving Person in such merger or consolidation transaction immediately after such transaction or (B) in the case of a sale of assets transaction, each transferee is or becomes an obligor in respect of the Notes and a Subsidiary of the transferor of such assets shall not constitute a Change of Control; or

(4) the Parent ceases to own 100% of the Voting Stock of the Issuer.

Within 30 days following any Change of Control, we will mail a notice to each Holder with a copy to the Trustee (the “Change of Control Offer”) stating:

(1) that a Change of Control has occurred and that such Holder has the right to require us to purchase such Holder’s Notes at a purchase price (the “Change of Control Purchase Price”) in cash equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof on the date of purchase, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest on the relevant interest payment date);

(2) the circumstances and relevant facts regarding such Change of Control (including information with respect to pro forma historical income, cash flow and capitalization, in each case after giving effect to such Change of Control);

(3) the purchase date (which shall be no earlier than 30 days nor later than 60 days from the date such notice is mailed); and

(4) the instructions, as determined by us, consistent with the covenant described hereunder, that a Holder must follow in order to have its Notes purchased.

We will not be required to make a Change of Control Offer following a Change of Control if a third party makes the Change of Control Offer in the manner, at the times and otherwise in compliance with the requirements set forth in the Indenture applicable to a Change of Control Offer made by us and purchases all Notes validly tendered and not withdrawn under such Change of Control Offer or if notice of redemption has been given pursuant to “—Optional Redemption” above.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, a Change of Control Offer may be made in advance of a Change of Control, conditional upon such Change of Control, if a definitive agreement is in place for the Change of Control at the time of making of the Change of Control Offer.

We will comply, to the extent applicable, with the requirements of Section 14(e) of the Exchange Act and any other securities laws or regulations in connection with the repurchase of Notes as a result of a Change of Control. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the provisions of the covenant described hereunder, we will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and shall not be deemed to have breached our obligations under the covenant described hereunder by virtue of our compliance with such securities laws or regulations.

 

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The Change of Control purchase feature of the Notes may in certain circumstances make more difficult or discourage a sale or takeover of the Parent and, thus, the removal of incumbent management. The Change of Control purchase feature is a result of negotiations between the Parent and the initial purchasers. We have no present intention to engage in a transaction involving a Change of Control, although it is possible that we could decide to do so in the future. Subject to the limitations discussed below, we could, in the future, enter into certain transactions, including acquisitions, refinancings or other recapitalizations, that would not constitute a Change of Control under the Indenture, but that could increase the amount of indebtedness outstanding at such time or otherwise affect our capital structure or credit ratings. Restrictions on our ability to Incur additional Indebtedness are contained in the covenants described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Additional Indebtedness” and “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Liens”. Such restrictions are subject to numerous exceptions and can be waived with the consent of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Notes then outstanding. Accordingly, the covenants set forth in the Indenture may not afford holders of the Notes protection in the event of a highly leveraged transaction.

In the event a Change of Control occurs at a time when we are contractually prohibited from purchasing Notes, we may seek the consent of our lenders to the purchase of Notes or may attempt to refinance the borrowings that contain such prohibition. If we do not obtain such a consent or repay such borrowings, we will remain prohibited from purchasing Notes. In such case, our failure to offer to purchase Notes would constitute a Default under the Indenture, which would, in turn, constitute a default under our other Indebtedness, including our $100.0 million Facility, certain project-level financing for certain construction projects and land acquisitions, and any credit agreements that we may enter into in the future.

Our current credit agreements contain, and any future indebtedness that we obtain may contain, prohibitions on the occurrence of certain events that would constitute a Change of Control or require the repayment or repurchase of such indebtedness upon a Change of Control. Moreover, the exercise by the Holders of their right to require us to repurchase their Notes could cause a default under such other indebtedness, even if the Change of Control itself does not, due to the financial effect of such repurchase on us. Finally, our ability to pay cash to the Holders of Notes following the occurrence of a Change of Control may be limited by our then existing financial resources. There can be no assurance that sufficient funds will be available when necessary to make any required repurchases.

The definition of “Change of Control” includes the phrase “all or substantially all the assets.” Although there is a limited body of case law interpreting the phrase “substantially all,” there is no precise established definition of the phrase under applicable law. Accordingly, in certain circumstances there may be a degree of uncertainty as to whether a particular transaction would involve a disposition of “all or substantially all” of the assets of the Parent. As a result, it may be unclear as to whether a Change of Control has occurred and whether a holder of Notes may require the Issuer to make an offer to repurchase the Notes as described above.

The provisions under the Indenture relative to our obligation to make an offer to repurchase the Notes as a result of a Change of Control may be waived or modified with the written consent of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Notes.

Certain Covenants

The Indenture contains, among others, the following covenants:

Limitations on Additional Indebtedness

The Parent will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, incur any Indebtedness; provided that the Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary Guarantor may incur additional Indebtedness (including Acquired Indebtedness) if no Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of or as a consequence of the incurrence of the Indebtedness and if, after giving effect thereto, either (a) the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio would be at least 2.00 to 1.00 or (b) the ratio of Consolidated Indebtedness to Consolidated Tangible Net Worth would be less than 2.25 to 1.00 (either (a) or (b), the “Ratio Exception”).

Notwithstanding the above, so long as no Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of or as a consequence of the incurrence of the following Indebtedness, each of the following shall be permitted (the “Permitted Indebtedness”):

(1) the incurrence by the Issuer or any Subsidiary Guarantor (and the Guarantee thereof by the Parent, the Issuer or any such Subsidiary Guarantor) of Indebtedness (including Refinancing Indebtedness) under Credit Facilities in an aggregate principal amount at any one time outstanding under this clause (1) (with letters of credit being deemed to have a principal amount equal to the maximum potential liability of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries thereunder) not to exceed the greater of $75.0 million and 20% of Consolidated Tangible Assets;

 

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(2) the initial notes and related note guarantees and the Notes and the Note Guarantees issued on the Issue Date and the Exchange Notes issued in exchange therefor;

(3) Indebtedness of the Parent and the Guarantors to the extent outstanding or committed on the Issue Date (other than Indebtedness referred to in clauses (1) and (2) above);

(4) Indebtedness of the Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries under Hedging Obligations; provided that (a) such Hedging Obligations relate to payment obligations on Indebtedness otherwise permitted to be incurred by this covenant, and (b) the notional principal amount of such Hedging Obligations at the time incurred does not exceed the principal amount of the Indebtedness to which such Hedging Obligations relate;

(5) Indebtedness of the Parent owed to a Restricted Subsidiary and Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary owed to the Parent or any other Restricted Subsidiary; provided , however , that (a) any Indebtedness of the Parent or the Issuer owed to a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Subsidiary Guarantor is unsecured and subordinated, pursuant to a written agreement, to the Parent or the Issuer’s obligations under the Indenture and the Notes and (b) upon any such Restricted Subsidiary ceasing to be a Restricted Subsidiary or such Indebtedness being owed to any Person other than the Parent or a Restricted Subsidiary, such Restricted Subsidiary shall be deemed to have incurred Indebtedness not permitted by this clause (5);

(6) Indebtedness in respect of bid, performance or surety bonds issued for the account of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business, including guarantees or obligations of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary with respect to letters of credit supporting such bid, performance or surety obligations (in each case other than for an obligation for money borrowed);

(7) Purchase Money Indebtedness incurred by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, in an aggregate amount not to exceed at any time outstanding $10.0 million;

(8) Non-Recourse Indebtedness of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary incurred for the acquisition, development and/or improvement of real property and secured by Liens only on such real property and Directly Related Assets;

(9) Indebtedness arising from the honoring by a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument inadvertently (except in the case of daylight overdrafts) drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course of business; provided, however, that such Indebtedness is extinguished within five Business Days of incurrence;

(10) Indebtedness arising in connection with endorsement of instruments for deposit in the ordinary course of business;

(11) Refinancing Indebtedness with respect to Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the Ratio Exception, clause (2) or (3) above or this clause (11);

(12) the guarantee by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary of Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (8), (13), or (15) hereof or, in the case of the guarantee by a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Guarantor, pursuant to the Ratio Exception or clause (1) hereof) of a Restricted Subsidiary, in the case of the Parent, or of the Parent, Issuer or another Restricted Subsidiary, in the case of a Restricted Subsidiary, in either case, that was permitted to be incurred by another provision of this covenant;

(13) Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary engaged primarily in the mortgage origination and lending business (a “Mortgage Subsidiary”) under warehouse lines of credit and repurchase agreements, and Indebtedness secured by mortgage loans and related assets of such Restricted Subsidiary, in each case incurred in the ordinary course of such business; provided that the only legal recourse for collection of obligations owing on such Indebtedness is against such Restricted Subsidiary, any other Mortgage Subsidiary and their respective assets;

(14) Indebtedness of the Parent, Issuer or any Subsidiary Guarantor in an aggregate amount not to exceed the greater of $7.5 million and 1.5% of Consolidated Tangible Assets at any time outstanding; and

(15)(x) Guarantees by Parent or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of Indebtedness incurred by Joint Ventures, and (y) GP Indebtedness of Parent or its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of Joint Ventures, in an aggregate amount at any time outstanding under this clause (15) not to exceed the greater of $20.0 million and 4% of Consolidated Tangible Assets at the time of incurrence.

For purposes of determining compliance with this covenant, in the event that an item of Indebtedness meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Permitted Indebtedness described in clauses (1) through (15) above or is entitled to be incurred pursuant to the Ratio Exception, the Parent shall, in its sole discretion, classify such item of Indebtedness and may divide and classify such Indebtedness in more than one of the types of Indebtedness described.

 

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Limitations on Restricted Payments

(a) The Parent will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, make any Restricted Payment if at the time of such Restricted Payment:

(1) a Default shall have occurred and be continuing or shall occur as a consequence thereof;

(2) the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio would not be at least 2.00 to 1.00; or

(3) the amount of such Restricted Payment, when added to the aggregate amount of all other Restricted Payments made after the Issue Date (other than Restricted Payments made pursuant to clause (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) or (8) of the next paragraph), exceeds the sum (the “Restricted Payments Basket”) of (without duplication):

(a) 50% of Consolidated Net Income for the period (taken as one accounting period) from the first day of the fiscal quarter in which Issue Date occurs to and including the last day of the fiscal quarter ended immediately prior to the date of such calculation for which consolidated financial statements are available (or, if such Consolidated Net Income shall be a deficit, minus 100% of such aggregate deficit), plus

(b) 100% of the aggregate net cash proceeds or the Fair Market Value (as determined by the Board of Directors of Parent) of any assets to be used in a Permitted Business received by the Parent either (x) as contributions to the common equity of the Parent after the Issue Date or (y) from the issuance and sale of Qualified Equity Interests after the Issue Date, plus

(c) the aggregate amount by which Indebtedness of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary is reduced on the Parent’s balance sheet upon the conversion or exchange (other than by a Subsidiary of the Parent) of Indebtedness issued subsequent to the Issue Date into Qualified Equity Interests (less the amount of any cash, or the fair value of assets, distributed by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary upon such conversion or exchange), plus

(d) in the case of the disposition or repayment of or return on any Investment that was treated as a Restricted Payment made after the Issue Date, an amount (to the extent not included in the computation of Consolidated Net Income) equal to the lesser of (i) the return of capital with respect to such Investment and (ii) the amount of such Investment that was treated as a Restricted Payment, in either case, less the cost of the disposition of such Investment and net of taxes, plus

(e) upon a Redesignation of an Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary, the lesser of (i) the Fair Market Value of the Parent’s proportionate interest in such Subsidiary immediately following such Redesignation, and (ii) the aggregate amount of the Parent’s Investments in such Subsidiary to the extent such Investments reduced the amount available for subsequent Restricted Payments under this clause (3) and were not previously repaid or otherwise reduced, plus

(f) 100% of the principal amount of, or, if issued at a discount, the accreted value of, any guarantee by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary incurred after the Issue Date that is subsequently released (other than due to a payment on such guarantee), but only to the extent that such guarantee was treated as a Restricted Payment pursuant to this paragraph (a) when made.

(b) The foregoing provisions will not prohibit:

(1) the payment by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary of any dividend or similar distribution within 60 days after the date of declaration thereof, if on the date of declaration the payment would have complied with the provisions of the Indenture;

(2) the making of any Restricted Payment in exchange for, or out of the proceeds of the substantially concurrent issuance and sale of, Qualified Equity Interests (other than to the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries);

(3) the repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of Subordinated Indebtedness of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary in exchange for, or out of the proceeds of the substantially concurrent incurrence of, Refinancing Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under the “Limitations on Additional Indebtedness” covenant and the other terms of the Indenture;

(4) the repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of Equity Interests of the Parent held by officers, directors or employees or former officers, directors or employees (or their transferees, estates or beneficiaries under their estates), upon their bankruptcy or petition for bankruptcy, death, disability, retirement, severance or termination of employment or service or any other repurchase event set forth in a written agreement between Parent and such individual evidencing such Equity Interest as of the Issue Date; provided that the aggregate cash consideration paid for all such redemptions shall not exceed $4.0 million during any calendar year;

 

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(5)(i) regularly scheduled cash distributions in respect of the Existing Preferred Shares not to exceed 4% per annum; and (ii) distributions of any accrued and unpaid cash dividends in respect of the Existing Preferred Shares that have accrued at a rate not to exceed 6% per annum;

(6) repurchases of Equity Interests deemed to occur upon the exercise of stock options or stock appreciation rights if the Equity Interests represents a portion of the exercise price thereof;

(7) the repurchase of Equity Interests upon vesting of restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance share units or similar equity incentives to satisfy tax withholding or similar tax obligations with respect thereto; or

(8) Restricted Payments in an aggregate amount, when taken together with all Restricted Payments made pursuant to this clause (8) and then outstanding, does not exceed $5.0 million;

provided that no issuance and sale of Qualified Equity Interests pursuant to clause (2) or (3) above shall increase the Restricted Payments Basket, except to the extent the proceeds thereof exceed the amounts used to effect the transactions described therein.

The amount of all Restricted Payments (other than cash) will be the Fair Market Value on the date of the Restricted Payment of the asset(s) or securities proposed to be transferred or issued by the Parent or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Parent, as the case may be, pursuant to the Restricted Payment.

Limitations on Dividend and Other Restrictions Affecting Restricted Subsidiaries

The Parent will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, create or otherwise cause or permit to exist or become effective any consensual encumbrance or consensual restriction on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary (other than the Issuer) to:

(a) pay dividends or make any other distributions on or in respect of its Equity Interests;

(b) make loans or advances or pay any Indebtedness or other obligation owed to the Parent or any other Restricted Subsidiary; or

(c) transfer any of its assets to the Parent or any other Restricted Subsidiary;

except for:

(1) encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of applicable law;

(2) encumbrances or restrictions existing under the Indenture, the Notes and the Note Guarantees;

(3) non-assignment provisions of any contract or any lease entered into in the ordinary course of business;

(4) encumbrances or restrictions existing under agreements existing on the Issue Date as in effect on the Issue Date and encumbrances or restrictions applicable to Restricted Subsidiaries existing under any Credit Facility pursuant to which Indebtedness has been incurred under clause (b)(1) of the covenant described under “—Limitations on Additional Indebtedness”;

(5) restrictions on the transfer of assets subject to any Lien permitted under the Indenture imposed by the holder of such Lien;

(6) restrictions on the transfer of assets imposed under any agreement to sell such assets permitted under the Indenture to any Person pending the closing of such sale;

(7) any instrument governing Acquired Indebtedness, which encumbrance or restriction is not applicable to any Person, or the assets of any Person, other than the Person or the assets so acquired;

(8) encumbrances or restrictions arising in connection with Refinancing Indebtedness; provided , however , that any such encumbrances and restrictions are not materially more restrictive than those contained in the agreements creating or evidencing the Indebtedness being refinanced;

(9) customary provisions in leases, licenses, partnership agreements, limited liability company organizational governance documents, joint venture agreements and other similar agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business that restrict the transfer of leasehold interests or ownership interests in such partnership, limited liability company, joint venture or similar Person;

(10) Purchase Money Indebtedness incurred in compliance with the covenant described under “—Limitations on Additional Indebtedness” to the extent they impose restrictions of the nature described in clause (c) above on the assets acquired;

 

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(11) Non-Recourse Indebtedness incurred in compliance with the covenant described under “—Limitations on Additional Indebtedness” to the extent they impose restrictions of the nature described in clause (c) above on the assets secured by such Non-Recourse Indebtedness or on the Equity Interests in the Person holding such assets;

(12) customary restrictions in other Indebtedness incurred in compliance with the covenant described under “—Limitations on Additional Indebtedness”; provided that such restrictions, taken as a whole, are, in the good faith judgment of the Parent’s board of directors, no more materially restrictive with respect to such encumbrances and restrictions than those contained in the existing agreements referenced in clause (4) above;

(13) restrictions on cash or other deposits or net worth imposed by customers under contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business; and

(14) any encumbrances or restrictions imposed by any amendments or refinancings of the contracts, instruments or obligations referred to in clauses (1) through (13) above; provided that such amendments or refinancings are, in the good faith judgment of the Parent’s board of directors, no more materially restrictive with respect to such encumbrances and restrictions than those prior to such amendment or refinancing.

Limitations on Transactions with Affiliates

The Parent will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its assets to, or purchase any assets from, or enter into any contract, agreement, understanding, loan, advance or guarantee with, or for the benefit of, any Affiliate (an “Affiliate Transaction”), unless:

(1) such Affiliate Transaction is on terms that are no less favorable to the Parent or the relevant Restricted Subsidiary than those that could be obtained in a comparable transaction at such time on an arm’s-length basis by the Parent or that Restricted Subsidiary from a Person that is not an Affiliate of the Parent or that Restricted Subsidiary; and

(2) the Parent delivers to the Trustee:

(a) with respect to any Affiliate Transaction involving aggregate value expended or received by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary in excess of $2.0 million, an Officers’ Certificate of the Parent certifying that such Affiliate Transaction complies with clause (1) above and a Secretary’s Certificate which sets forth and authenticates a resolution that has been adopted by the Independent Directors approving such Affiliate Transaction; and

(b) with respect to any Affiliate Transaction involving aggregate value expended or received by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary of $20.0 million or more, the certificates described in the preceding clause (a) and (x) a written opinion as to the fairness of such Affiliate Transaction to the Parent or such Restricted Subsidiary from a financial point of view or (y) a written appraisal supporting the value of such Affiliate Transaction, in either case, issued by an Independent Financial Advisor.

The foregoing restrictions shall not apply to:

(1) transactions exclusively between or among (a) the Parent and one or more Restricted Subsidiaries or (b) Restricted Subsidiaries; provided , in each case, that no Affiliate of the Parent (other than another Restricted Subsidiary) owns Equity Interests of any such Restricted Subsidiary;

(2) reasonable director, officer, employee and consultant compensation (including bonuses) and other benefits (including retirement, health, stock and other benefit plans) and indemnification and insurance arrangements;

(3) the allocation of employee services among the Parent, its Subsidiaries and the Joint Ventures on a fair and equitable basis in the ordinary course of business; provided that, in the case of any such Subsidiary or Joint Venture, no officer, director or stockholder of the Parent beneficially owns any Equity Interests in such Subsidiary or Joint Venture (other than indirectly through ownership of Equity Interests in the Parent);

(4) any Permitted Investment (other than any Permitted Investment made in accordance with clause (1)(b) or with clause (13) of the definition of “Permitted Investments” to the extent that such Permitted Investment under clause (13) is in a Joint Venture or Unrestricted Subsidiary of which any officer, director or stockholder of the Parent beneficially owns any Equity Interests (other than indirectly through ownership of Equity Interests in the Parent));

(5) any agreement as in effect as of the Issue Date or any extension, amendment or modification thereto (so long as any such extension, amendment or modification satisfies the requirements set forth in clause (1) of the first paragraph of this covenant) or any transaction contemplated thereby;

 

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(6) Restricted Payments which are made in accordance with paragraph (a) or clauses (b)(1), (4)-(8) of the covenant described under “—Limitations on Restricted Payments”;

(7) licensing of trademarks to, and allocation of overhead, sales and marketing, travel and like expenses among, the Parent, its Subsidiaries and the Joint Ventures on a fair and equitable basis in the ordinary course of business; provided that, in the case of any such Subsidiary or Joint Venture, no officer, director or stockholder of the Parent beneficially owns any Equity Interests in such Subsidiary or Joint Venture (other than indirectly through ownership of Equity Interests in the Parent); or

(8) issuances, sales or other dispositions of Qualified Equity Interests for cash by the Parent to an Affiliate.

Limitations on Liens

The Parent shall not, and shall not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, assume or permit or suffer to exist any Lien (a “Triggering Lien”) of any nature whatsoever against any assets now owned or hereafter acquired by the Parent or such Restricted Subsidiary (including Equity Interests of a Restricted Subsidiary), or any proceeds, income or profits therefrom securing any Indebtedness, except Permitted Liens, unless all payments due under the indenture and the Notes (or under a Note Guarantee in the case of Liens of a Guarantor) are secured on an equal and ratable basis (or on a superior basis, in the event the other Indebtedness is Subordinated Indebtedness) with the obligations so secured until such time as such obligations are no longer secured by a Triggering Lien.

Limitations on Asset Sales

The Parent will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, consummate any Asset Sale unless:

(1) the Parent or such Restricted Subsidiary receives consideration at the time of such Asset Sale at least equal to the Fair Market Value of the assets included in such Asset Sale; and

(2) at least 70% of the total consideration received in such Asset Sale or series of related Asset Sales consists of cash or Cash Equivalents.

For purposes of clause (2), the following shall be deemed to be cash:

(a) the amount (without duplication) of any Indebtedness (other than Subordinated Indebtedness) of the Parent or such Restricted Subsidiary that is expressly assumed by the transferee in such Asset Sale and with respect to which the Parent or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, is unconditionally released by the holder of such Indebtedness,

(b) the amount of any obligations received from such transferee that are within 90 days converted by the Parent or such Restricted Subsidiary to cash (to the extent of the cash actually so received), and

(c) the Fair Market Value of any assets (other than securities, unless such securities represent Equity Interests in an entity engaged solely in a Permitted Business, such entity becomes a Restricted Subsidiary and the Parent or a Restricted Subsidiary acquires voting and management control of such entity) received by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary to be used by it in the Permitted Business.

If at any time any non-cash consideration received by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, in connection with any Asset Sale is repaid or converted into or sold or otherwise disposed of for cash (other than interest received with respect to any such non-cash consideration), then the date of such repayment, conversion or disposition shall be deemed to constitute the date of an Asset Sale hereunder and the Net Available Proceeds thereof shall be applied in accordance with this covenant.

If the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary engages in an Asset Sale, the Parent or such Restricted Subsidiary shall, no later than 360 days following the receipt of the Net Available Proceeds, apply all or any of the Net Available Proceeds therefrom to:

(1) to permanently repay, prepay, redeem or repurchase:

(x) Obligations under Indebtedness secured by Permitted Liens pursuant to clauses (13), (14), (16), and (17) of the definition of “Permitted Liens” (whose commitments shall be correspondingly reduced permanently upon such repayment or prepayment);

 

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(y) Obligations under the Notes or any other Pari Passu Indebtedness of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Issuer; provided that if the Parent or any such Restricted Subsidiary shall so repay or prepay any such other Pari Passu Indebtedness, the Parent will reduce Obligations under the Notes on a pro rata basis (based on the amount so applied to such repayments or prepayments) by, at their option, (A) redeeming notes as described under “—Optional Redemption,” (B) making an offer (in accordance with the procedures set forth below for an Asset Sale Offer) to all Holders to purchase their Notes at least 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus the amount of accrued but unpaid interest, if any, thereon up to the principal amount of Notes to be repurchased or (C) purchasing Notes through privately negotiated transactions or open market purchases, in a manner that complies with the Indenture and applicable securities law, at a price not less than 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus the amount of accrued but unpaid interest, if any, thereon; or

(z) Indebtedness of a Restricted Subsidiary of the Issuer that is not a Guarantor, other than Indebtedness owed to the Issuer or another Restricted Subsidiary of the Issuer;

(2) to acquire all or substantially all of the assets of, or any Capital Stock of, another Permitted Business, if, after giving effect to any such acquisition of Capital Stock, the Permitted Business is or becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of the Issuer;

(3) to make a capital expenditure;

(4) to acquire Additional Assets or improve or develop existing assets to be used in a Permitted Business; or

(5) make any combination of the foregoing payments, redemptions, repurchases or investments.

Pending the final application of any Net Available Proceeds, the Issuer may temporarily reduce revolving credit borrowings or otherwise invest the Net Available Proceeds in any manner that is not prohibited by the Indenture.

Any Net Available Proceeds from Asset Sales that are not applied or invested as provided in the second paragraph of this covenant will constitute “Excess Proceeds.” When the aggregate amount of Excess Proceeds exceeds $10.0 million, the Parent will, or will cause the Issuer to, make an Asset Sale Offer to all Holders of Notes and if the Issuer elects (or is required by the terms of such other Pari Passu Indebtedness), all holders of other Pari Passu Indebtedness (an “Asset Sale Offer”) to purchase the maximum aggregate principal amount of Notes and such Pari Passu Indebtedness, in denominations of $2,000 initial principal amount and multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, that may be purchased with an amount equal to the Excess Proceeds at an offer price in cash in an amount not less than 100% of the principal amount thereof, or, in the case of Pari Passu Indebtedness represented by securities sold at a discount, not less than the amount of the accreted value thereof at such time, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date fixed for the closing of such offer, in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Indenture. In the event that the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Issuer prepays any Pari Passu Indebtedness that is outstanding under a revolving credit or other committed loan facility pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer, the Parent or such Restricted Subsidiary shall cause the related loan commitment to be reduced in an amount equal to the principal amount so prepaid. After the completion of an Asset Sale, the Parent and its Restricted Subsidiaries may make an Asset Sale Offer prior to the time they are required to do so by the first sentence of this paragraph. If the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary completes such an Asset Sale Offer with respect to any Net Available Proceeds, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries shall be deemed to have complied with this covenant with respect to the application of such Net Available Proceeds, and any such Net Available Proceeds remaining after completion of such Asset Sale Offer may be used by the Parent and its Restricted Subsidiaries for any purpose not prohibited by the Indenture. If any Excess Proceeds remain after consummation of an Asset Sale Offer, the Parent and its Restricted Subsidiaries may use those Excess Proceeds for any purpose not prohibited by the Indenture. If the aggregate principal amount of Notes and other Pari Passu Indebtedness tendered into such Asset Sale Offer exceeds the amount of Excess Proceeds, the trustee will select the Notes and such other Pari Passu Indebtedness to be purchased on a pro rata basis based on the aggregate principal amount of the Notes and the other Pari Passu Indebtedness to be purchased validly tendered and not withdrawn. Upon completion of each Asset Sale Offer, the amount of Excess Proceeds will be reset at zero.

The Parent will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the extent those laws and regulations are applicable in connection with each repurchase of Notes pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the Asset Sale provisions of the Indenture, the Parent will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached their obligations under the Asset Sale provisions of the indenture by virtue of such compliance.

 

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Future credit agreements and other agreements relating to Indebtedness to which the Parent (or one of its Affiliates) become a party may prohibit or limit, the Parent from purchasing any Notes pursuant to this Asset Sales covenant. In the event the Parent and its Subsidiaries are contractually prohibited from purchasing the Notes, the Parent could seek the consent of its lenders to the purchase of the Notes or could attempt to refinance the borrowings that contain such prohibition. If the Parent does not obtain such consent or repay such borrowings, it will remain contractually prohibited from purchasing the Notes. In such case, the Parent’s failure to purchase tendered notes would constitute a Default under the Indenture.

Limitations on Designation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries

The Parent may designate any Subsidiary of the Parent (other than the Issuer) as an “Unrestricted Subsidiary” under the Indenture (a “Designation”) only if:

(1) no Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of or after giving effect to such Designation; and

(2) the Parent would be permitted to make, at the time of such Designation, (a) a Permitted Investment or (b) an Investment pursuant to the “—Limitations on Restricted Payments” covenant above, in either case, in an amount (the “Designation Amount”) equal to the Fair Market Value of the Parent’s proportionate interest in such Subsidiary on such date.

No Subsidiary shall be Designated as an “Unrestricted Subsidiary” unless:

(1) neither the Company nor any of its other Subsidiaries (other than Unrestricted Subsidiaries) (x) provides any direct or indirect credit support for any Indebtedness of such Subsidiary (including any undertaking, agreement or instrument evidencing such Indebtedness) or (y) is directly or indirectly liable for any Indebtedness of such Subsidiary other than, in each case, such Investments as are permitted pursuant to the covenant entitled “—Limitations on Restricted Payments”;

(2) such Subsidiary is not party to any agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding with the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary unless the terms of the agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding (x) are no less favorable to the Parent or the Restricted Subsidiary than those that would be reasonably expected to be obtained at the time from Persons who are not Affiliates of the Parent or such Restricted Subsidiary or (y) would be permitted as (a) an Affiliate Transaction under and in compliance with “—Limitations on Transactions with Affiliates”, (b) an Asset Sale under and in compliance with “—Limitations on Asset Sales”, (c) a Permitted Investment or (d) an Investment under and in compliance with “—Limitations on Restricted Payments”;

(3) such Subsidiary is a Person with respect to which neither the Parent nor any Restricted Subsidiary has any direct or indirect obligation (x) to subscribe for additional Equity Interests or (y) to maintain or preserve the Person’s financial condition or to cause the Person to achieve any specified levels of operating results; and

(4) such Subsidiary has not guaranteed or otherwise directly or indirectly provided credit support for any Indebtedness of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, except for any guarantee given solely to support the pledge by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Equity Interest of such Unrestricted Subsidiary, which guarantee is not recourse to the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, and except to the extent the amount thereof constitutes a Restricted Payment permitted pursuant to the covenant described under “—Limitations on Restricted Payments.”

If, at any time after the Designation, any Unrestricted Subsidiary fails to meet the requirements set forth in the preceding paragraph, it shall thereafter cease to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary for purposes of the Indenture and any Indebtedness of the Subsidiary and any Liens on assets of such Subsidiary shall be deemed to be incurred by a Restricted Subsidiary as of the date and, if the Indebtedness is not permitted to be incurred under the covenant described under “—Limitations on Additional Indebtedness” or the Lien is not permitted under the covenant described under “—Limitations on Liens,” the Parent shall be in default of the applicable covenant.

The Parent may not Designate the Issuer as an Unrestricted Subsidiary. As of the date hereof, the Parent shall be deemed to have Designated Duxford Title Reinsurance Company, Cerro Plata Associates, LLC, Silver Creek Preserve, Nobar Water Company, Horsethief Canyon Partners, Lyon Mission, LLC, Lyon Mayfield, Inc., Duxford Insurance Services, LLC, Henry Ranch, LLC, Laguna Big Horn, LLC, Lyon Mayfield, LLC and Whitney Ranch Village 5, LLC as Unrestricted Subsidiaries.

The Parent may redesignate an Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary (a “Redesignation”) only if:

(1) no Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of and after giving effect to such Redesignation; and

(2) all Liens, Indebtedness and Investments of such Unrestricted Subsidiary outstanding immediately following such Redesignation would, if incurred or made at such time, have been permitted to be incurred or made for all purposes of the Indenture.

 

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All Designations and Redesignations must be evidenced by resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Parent delivered to the Trustee and certifying compliance with the foregoing provisions.

Limitations on Mergers, Consolidations, Etc.

Neither the Parent nor the Issuer will, directly or indirectly, in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, (a) consolidate or merge with or into any Person (other than a merger that satisfies the requirements of clause (1) below with a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary solely for the purpose of changing the Parent’s or the Issuer’s jurisdiction of incorporation, as the case may be, to another State of the United States), or sell, lease, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of or assign all or substantially all of the assets of the Parent or the Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) or the Issuer or the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries that are Subsidiaries of the Issuer (taken as a whole), as the case may be, to any Person or (b) adopt a Plan of Liquidation unless, in either case:

(1) either:

(a) the Parent or the Issuer, as the case may be, will be the surviving or continuing Person; or

(b) the Person formed by or surviving such consolidation or merger or to which such sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition shall be made (or, in the case of a Plan of Liquidation, any Person to which assets are transferred) (collectively, the “Successor”) is a corporation or limited liability company organized and existing under the laws of any State of the United States of America or the District of Columbia, and the Successor expressly assumes, by supplemental indenture in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee, all of the obligations of the Issuer or the Parent, as the case may be, under the Notes or the Parent’s Note Guarantee, as applicable, and the Indenture; provided that, in the case of the Issuer, at any time the Successor is a limited liability company, there shall be a co-issuer of the Notes that is a corporation organized and existing under the laws of any State of the United States of America or the District of Columbia;

(2) immediately prior to and immediately after giving effect to such transaction and the assumption of the obligations as set forth in clause (1)(b) above and the incurrence of any Indebtedness to be incurred in connection therewith, no Default shall have occurred and be continuing; and

(3) immediately after and giving effect to such transaction and the assumption of the obligations set forth in clause (1)(b) above and the incurrence of any Indebtedness to be incurred in connection therewith, and the use of any net proceeds therefrom on a pro forma basis, the Parent or the Successor, as the case may be, could incur $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Ratio Exception.

For purposes of this covenant, any Indebtedness of the Successor which was not Indebtedness of the Parent or the Issuer, as the case may be, immediately prior to the transaction shall be deemed to have been incurred in connection with such transaction.

Except as provided under the caption “—Note Guarantees,” no Subsidiary Guarantor may consolidate with or merge with or into (whether or not such Subsidiary Guarantor is the surviving Person) another Person, whether or not affiliated with such Subsidiary Guarantor, unless:

(1) either:

(a) such Subsidiary Guarantor will be the surviving or continuing Person; or

(b) the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger assumes, by supplemental indenture in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee, all of the obligations of such Subsidiary Guarantor under the Note Guarantee of such Subsidiary Guarantor and the Indenture; and

(2) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default shall have occurred and be continuing.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) any Restricted Subsidiary (other than the Issuer) may merge into the Parent or another Restricted Subsidiary and (b) the requirements of the immediately preceding paragraph will not apply to any transaction pursuant to which such Guarantor is permitted to be released from its Note Guarantee in accordance with the provisions described under the section entitled “—Note Guarantees.”

For purposes of the foregoing, the transfer (by lease, assignment, sale or otherwise, in a single transaction or series of transactions) of all or substantially all of the assets of one or more Restricted Subsidiaries, the Equity Interests of which constitute all or substantially all of the assets of the Parent or the Issuer, will be deemed to be the transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Parent or the Issuer, as the case may be.

 

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Upon any consolidation, combination or merger of the Issuer or a Guarantor, or any transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Parent or the Issuer in accordance with the foregoing, in which the Issuer or such Guarantor is not the continuing obligor under the Notes or its Note Guarantee, the surviving entity formed by such consolidation or into which the Issuer or such Guarantor is merged or to which the conveyance, lease or transfer is made will succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Issuer or such Guarantor under the Indenture, the Notes and the Note Guarantees with the same effect as if such surviving entity had been named therein as the Issuer or such Guarantor and, except in the case of a conveyance, transfer or lease, the Issuer or such Guarantor, as the case may be, will be released from the obligation to pay the principal of and interest on the Notes or in respect of its Note Guarantee, as the case may be, and all of the Issuer’s or such Guarantor’s other obligations and covenants under the Notes, the Indenture and its Note Guarantee, if applicable.

The description above includes a phrase relating to the sale or disposition of “all or substantially all” of the assets of the Parent and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Although there is a limited body of case law interpreting the phrase “substantially all,” there is no precise established definition of the phrase under applicable law.

Additional Note Guarantees

If, after the Issue Date, (a) the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary shall acquire or create another Wholly Owned Subsidiary (other than (i) a Subsidiary that has been designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary, and (ii) any Subsidiary that is a project-financed special purpose entity) or (b) any Unrestricted Subsidiary is redesignated a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary, then, in each such case, to the extent such Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary has Guaranteed any Indebtedness of Parent, Issuer or any Subsidiary Guarantor and such Guarantee is then outstanding, the Parent shall cause such Restricted Subsidiary to:

(1) execute and deliver to the Trustee (a) a supplemental indenture in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee pursuant to which such Restricted Subsidiary shall unconditionally guarantee all of the Issuer’s obligations under the Notes and the Indenture and (b) a notation of guarantee in respect of its Note Guarantee; and

(2) deliver to the Trustee one or more opinions of counsel that such supplemental indenture (a) has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by such Restricted Subsidiary and (b) constitutes a valid and legally binding obligation of such Restricted Subsidiary in accordance with its terms.

Conduct of Business

The Parent will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, engage in any business other than the Permitted Business and businesses necessary, reasonably related or ancillary thereto.

Payments for Consent

The Parent will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, pay or cause to be paid any consideration, to any Holder of Notes for or as an inducement to any consent, waiver or amendment of any of the terms or provisions of the Indenture or the Notes unless such consideration is offered to be paid or agreed to be paid to all Holders of the Notes that consent, waive or agree to amend in the time frame set forth in solicitation documents relating to such consent, waiver or agreement.

Reports

Whether or not required by the SEC, the Parent will furnish to the Holders of Notes, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations (including any grace periods or extensions permitted by the SEC):

(1) all quarterly and annual financial information that would be required to be contained in a filing with the SEC on Forms 10-Q and 10-K if the Parent were required to file these Forms, including a “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and, with respect to the annual information only, an audit report on the annual financial statements by the Parent’s certified independent accountants; and

(2) all current reports that would be required to be filed with the SEC on Form 8-K if the Parent were required to file these reports.

In addition, whether or not required by the SEC, the Parent will file a copy of all of the information and reports referred to in clauses (1) and (2) above with the SEC for public availability within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations (unless the SEC will not accept the filing) and make the information available to securities analysts and prospective investors upon request.

 

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At any time that there shall be one or more Unrestricted Subsidiaries that, in the aggregate, hold more than 15.0% of Consolidated Tangible Assets, the quarterly and annual financial information required by the preceding paragraph shall include a reasonably detailed presentation, either on the face of the financial statements or in the footnotes thereto of the financial condition and results of operations of the Parent and its Restricted Subsidiaries separate from the financial condition and results of operations of the Unrestricted Subsidiaries.

In addition, the Parent agrees that, for so long as any Notes remain outstanding, if at any time it is not required to file with the SEC the reports required by the preceding paragraphs, it will furnish to the Holders of the Notes and prospective investors, upon their request, the information required to be delivered pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act.

In addition, Parent will:

(1) hold a quarterly conference call to discuss the information contained in the reports not later than ten business days from the time Parent furnishes the reports to the trustee; and

(2) no fewer than three business days prior to the date of the conference call required to be held in accordance with clause (1) above, issue a press release to the appropriate U.S. wire services announcing the time and date of such conference call and directing the holders or beneficial owners of, and prospective investors in, the notes and securities analysts and market makers to contact an individual at the Parent (for whom contact information shall be provided in such press release) to obtain the reports and information on how to access such conference call.

The Issuer will also deliver to the Trustee, within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year, an Officers’ Certificate stating that, to the signing Officers’ knowledge, no Default has occurred under the Indenture, or, if a Default has occurred, what action the Issuer and/or Guarantors are taking or propose to take with respect thereto.

Events of Default

Each of the following is an “Event of Default”:

(1) failure by the Issuer to pay interest on any of the Notes when it becomes due and payable and the continuance of any such failure for 30 days;

(2) failure by the Issuer to pay the principal on any of the Notes when it becomes due and payable, whether at stated maturity, upon redemption, upon purchase, upon acceleration or otherwise;

(3) failure by the Parent or the Issuer to comply with any of its agreements or covenants described above under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Mergers, Consolidations, Etc.”;

(4) failure by the Parent or the Issuer to comply with any other agreement or covenant in the Indenture and continuance of this failure for 60 days after written notice of the failure has been given to the Issuer by the Trustee or by the Holders of at least 25% of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding;

(5) default under any mortgage, indenture or other instrument or agreement under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced Indebtedness (other than Non-Recourse Indebtedness) of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, whether such Indebtedness now exists or is incurred after the Issue Date, which default:

(a) is caused by a failure to pay when due principal on such Indebtedness within the applicable express grace period, or

(b) results in the acceleration of such Indebtedness prior to its express final maturity, and

in each case, the principal amount of such Indebtedness, together with any other Indebtedness with respect to which an event described in clause (a) or (b) has occurred and is continuing, aggregates $10.0 million or more; provided , however , that if any such default is cured or waived or any acceleration rescinded or such Indebtedness is repaid within a period of ten (10) days from the continuation of such default beyond any applicable grace period or the occurrence of such acceleration, as the case may be, such Event of Default under the Indenture and any consequential acceleration of the Notes shall automatically be rescinded so long as such rescission does not conflict with any judgment or decree;

(6) one or more judgments or orders that exceed $10.0 million in the aggregate (net of amounts covered by insurance or bonded) for the payment of money have been entered by a court or courts of competent jurisdiction against the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary and such judgment or judgments have not been satisfied, stayed, annulled or rescinded within 60 days of being entered;

(7) the Parent, the Issuer or any Significant Subsidiary pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:

(a) commences a voluntary case,

 

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(b) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case,

(c) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its assets, or

(d) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors;

(8) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:

(a) is for relief against the Parent, the Issuer or any Significant Subsidiary as debtor in an involuntary case,

(b) appoints a Custodian of the Parent, the Issuer or any Significant Subsidiary or a Custodian for all or substantially all of the assets of the Parent, the Issuer or any Significant Subsidiary, or

(c) orders the liquidation of the Parent, the Issuer or any Significant Subsidiary,

and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 days; or

(9) the Note Guarantee of the Parent or any Note Guarantee of any Significant Subsidiary ceases to be in full force and effect (other than in accordance with the terms of such Note Guarantee and the Indenture) or is declared null and void and unenforceable or found to be invalid or any Guarantor denies its liability under its Note Guarantee (other than by reason of release of a Guarantor from its Note Guarantee in accordance with the terms of the Indenture and the Note Guarantee).

If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (7) or (8) above with respect to the Issuer), shall have occurred and be continuing under the Indenture, the Trustee, by written notice to the Issuer, or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding by written notice to the Issuer and the Trustee, may declare all amounts owing under the Notes to be due and payable immediately. Upon such declaration of acceleration, the aggregate principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on the outstanding Notes shall immediately become due and payable; provided , however , that after such acceleration, but before a judgment or decree based on acceleration, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of such outstanding Notes may rescind and annul such acceleration. If an Event of Default specified in clause (7) or (8) with respect to the Issuer occurs, all outstanding Notes shall become due and payable without any further action or notice.

The Trustee shall, within 90 days after becoming aware of the occurrence of any Default with respect to the Notes, give the Holders notice of all uncured Defaults thereunder known to it; provided , however , that, except in the case of an Event of Default in payment with respect to the Notes or a Default in complying with “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Mergers, Consolidations, Etc.,” the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as a committee of its trust officers in good faith determines that the withholding of such notice is in the interest of the Holders.

No Holder will have any right to institute any proceeding with respect to the Indenture or for any remedy thereunder, unless the Trustee:

(1) has failed to act for a period of 60 days after receiving written notice of a continuing Event of Default by such Holder and a request to act by Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of Notes outstanding;

(2) has been offered indemnity satisfactory to it in its reasonable judgment; and

(3) has not received from the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes a direction inconsistent with such request.

However, such limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a Holder of any Note for enforcement of payment of the principal of or interest on such Note on or after the due date therefor (after giving effect to the grace period specified in clause (1) of the first paragraph of this “—Events of Default” section).

The Issuer is required to deliver to the Trustee annually a statement regarding compliance with the Indenture and, upon any Officer of the Issuer becoming aware of any Default, a statement specifying such Default and what action the Issuer is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.

Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance

The Issuer may, at its option and at any time, elect to have its obligations and the obligations of the Guarantors discharged with respect to the outstanding Notes (“Legal Defeasance”). Legal Defeasance means that the Issuer and the Guarantors shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire Indebtedness represented by the Notes and the Note Guarantees, and the Indenture shall cease to be of further effect as to all outstanding Notes and Note Guarantees, except as to:

(1) rights of Holders to receive payments in respect of the principal of and interest on the Notes when such payments are due from the trust funds referred to below,

 

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(2) the Issuer’s obligations with respect to the Notes concerning issuing temporary Notes, registration of Notes, mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes, and the maintenance of an office or agency for payment and money for security payments held in trust,

(3) the rights, powers, trust, duties, and immunities of the Trustee, and the Issuer’s obligation in connection therewith, and

(4) the Legal Defeasance provisions of the Indenture.

In addition, the Issuer may, at its option and at any time, elect to have its obligations and the obligations of the Guarantors released with respect to most of the covenants under the Indenture, except as described otherwise in the Indenture (“Covenant Defeasance”), and thereafter any omission to comply with such obligations shall not constitute a Default. In the event Covenant Defeasance occurs, certain Events of Default (not including non-payment and, solely for a period of 91 days following the deposit referred to in clause (1) of the next paragraph, bankruptcy, receivership, rehabilitation and insolvency events) will no longer apply. Covenant Defeasance will not be effective until such bankruptcy, receivership, rehabilitation and insolvency events no longer apply. The Issuer may exercise its Legal Defeasance option regardless of whether it previously exercised Covenant Defeasance.

In order to exercise either Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance:

(1) the Issuer must irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders, U.S. legal tender, U.S. Government Obligations or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient (without reinvestment) in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants selected by the Issuer, to pay the principal of and interest on the Notes on the stated date for payment or on the redemption date of the principal or installment of principal of or interest on the Notes, and the Trustee must have a valid, perfected, exclusive security interest in such trust,

(2) in the case of Legal Defeasance, the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an opinion of counsel in the United States reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that:

(a) the Issuer has received from, or there has been published by the Internal Revenue Service, a ruling, or

(b) since the date of the Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable U.S. federal income tax law,

in either case to the effect that, and based thereon this opinion of counsel shall confirm that, the Holders will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of the Legal Defeasance and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred.

(3) in the case of Covenant Defeasance, the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an opinion of counsel in the United States reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that the Holders will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if the Covenant Defeasance had not occurred,

(4) no Default shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit (other than a Default resulting from the borrowing of funds to be applied to such deposit and the grant of any Lien securing such borrowing),

(5) the Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, the Indenture or any other material agreement or instrument to which the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries is bound (other than a default resulting from the borrowing of funds to be applied to such deposit and the grant of any Lien securing such borrowing),

(6) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by it with the intent of preferring the Holders over any other of its creditors or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other of its creditors or others, and

(7) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an opinion of counsel, each stating that the conditions provided for in, in the case of the Officers’ Certificate, clauses (1) through (6) and, in the case of the opinion of counsel, clauses (1) (with respect to the validity and perfection of the security interest), (2) and/or (3) and (5) of this paragraph have been complied with.

If the funds deposited with the Trustee to effect Covenant Defeasance are insufficient to pay the principal of and interest on the Notes when due, then the obligations of the Issuer and the Guarantors under the Indenture will be revived and no such defeasance will be deemed to have occurred.

 

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Satisfaction and Discharge

The Indenture will be discharged and will cease to be of further effect (except as to rights of registration of transfer or exchange of Notes which shall survive until all Notes have been canceled) as to all outstanding Notes when either

(1) all the Notes that have been authenticated and delivered (except lost, stolen or destroyed Notes which have been replaced or paid and Notes for whose payment money has been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Issuer and thereafter repaid to the Issuer or discharged from this trust) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, or

(2) (a) all Notes not delivered to the Trustee for cancellation otherwise have become due and payable by reason of the mailing of a notice of redemption or otherwise or will become due and payable within one year and the Issuer has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee trust funds in trust in an amount of money sufficient to pay and discharge the entire Indebtedness (including all principal and accrued interest) on the Notes not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation,

(b) the Issuer has paid all sums payable by it under the Indenture,

(c) the Issuer has delivered irrevocable instructions to the Trustee to apply the deposited money toward the payment of the Notes at maturity or on the date of redemption, as the case may be, and

(d) the Trustee, for the benefit of the Holders, has a valid, perfected, exclusive security interest in this trust.

In addition, the Issuer must deliver an Officers’ Certificate and an opinion of counsel (as to legal matters) stating that all conditions precedent to satisfaction and discharge have been complied with.

Transfer and Exchange

A Holder will be able to register the transfer of or exchange Notes only in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture. The Registrar may require a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and to pay any taxes and fees required by law or permitted by the Indenture. Without the prior consent of the Issuer, the Registrar is not required (1) to register the transfer of or exchange any Note selected for redemption, (2) to register the transfer of or exchange any Note for a period of 15 days before a selection of Notes to be redeemed or (3) to register the transfer or exchange of a Note between a record date and the next succeeding interest payment date.

The Notes are issued in registered form and the registered Holder will be treated as the owner of such Note for all purposes.

Amendment, Supplement and Waiver

Subject to certain exceptions, the Indenture or the Notes may be amended with the consent (which may include consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for Notes) of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the Notes then outstanding, and any existing Default under, or compliance with any provision of, the Indenture may be waived (other than any continuing Default in the payment of the principal or interest on the Notes) with the consent (which may include consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for Notes) of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Notes then outstanding; provided that without the consent of each Holder affected, the Issuer, the Guarantors and the Trustee may not:

(1) change the maturity of any Note;

(2) reduce the amount, extend the due date or otherwise affect the terms of any scheduled payment of interest on or principal of the Notes;

(3) reduce any premium payable upon optional redemption of the Notes, change the date on which any Notes are subject to redemption or otherwise alter the provisions with respect to the redemption of the Notes (other than provisions specifying the notice periods for effecting a redemption);

(4) make any Note payable in money or currency other than that stated in the Notes;

(5) modify or change any provision of the Indenture or the related definitions to subordinate the Notes or any Note Guarantee in right of payment to other Indebtedness in a manner that adversely affects the Holders;

(6) reduce the percentage of Holders necessary to consent to an amendment or waiver to the Indenture or the Notes;

(7) impair the rights of Holders to receive payments of principal of or interest on the Notes;

(8) release the Parent from any of its obligations under its Note Guarantee or the Indenture, except as permitted by the Indenture; or

(9) make any change in these amendment and waiver provisions.

 

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Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Issuer, the Guarantors and the Trustee may amend the Indenture, the Note Guarantees or the Notes, without the consent of any Holder,

(1) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency,

(2) to provide for uncertificated Notes in addition to or in place of certificated Notes,

(3) to provide for the assumption of the Issuer’s or any Guarantor’s obligations to the Holders in the case of a merger or acquisition,

(4) to release any Guarantor from any of its obligations under its Note Guarantee or the Indenture (to the extent permitted by the Indenture),

(5) to make any change that would provide any additional rights or benefits (including the addition of collateral) to the holders of Notes or that does not adversely affect in any material respect the legal rights under the indenture of any such holder,

(6) to comply with SEC rules and regulations or changes to applicable law,

(7) to conform the text of the Indenture, the Note Guarantees or the Notes to any provision of the “Description of the Notes” section of the confidential offering memorandum distributed in connection with the private placement offering of the outstanding notes;

(8) to provide for the issuance of Additional Notes in accordance with the limitations set forth in the Indenture as of the Issue Date;

(9) to allow any Guarantor to execute a supplemental indenture or a Note Guarantee with respect to the Notes; or

(10) to comply with the rules of any applicable securities depository.

No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees and Stockholders

No director, officer, employee, incorporator or stockholder of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary will have any liability for any obligations of the Issuer under the Notes or the Indenture or of any Guarantor under its Note Guarantee or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder by accepting a Note waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for issuance of the Notes and the Note Guarantees. The Securities and Exchange Commission takes the position that this waiver will not be effective to waive liabilities under the federal securities laws.

Concerning the Trustee

U.S. Bank National Association is the Trustee under the Indenture and has been appointed by the Issuer as Registrar and Paying Agent with regard to the Notes. The Indenture contains certain limitations on the rights of the Trustee, should it become a creditor of the Issuer, to obtain payment of claims in certain cases, or to realize on certain assets received in respect of any such claim as security or otherwise. The Trustee will be permitted to engage in other transactions; however, if it acquires any conflicting interest (as defined in the Indenture), it must eliminate such conflict or resign.

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for exercising any remedy available to the Trustee, subject to certain exceptions. The Indenture provides that, in case an Event of Default occurs and is not cured, the Trustee will be required, in the exercise of its power, to use the degree of care of a prudent person in similar circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs. Subject to such provisions, the Trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the Indenture at the request of any Holder, unless such Holder shall have offered to the Trustee security and indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee.

Governing Law

The Indenture, the Notes and the Note Guarantees are governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.

Certain Definitions

Set forth below is a summary of certain of the defined terms used in the Indenture. Reference is made to the Indenture for the full definition of all such terms.

 

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“Acquired Indebtedness” means (1) with respect to any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary after the Issue Date, Indebtedness of such Person and its Subsidiaries existing at the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary that was not incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary and (2) with respect to the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, any Indebtedness of a Person (other than the Parent or a Restricted Subsidiary) existing at the time such Person is merged with or into the Parent or a Restricted Subsidiary, or Indebtedness expressly assumed by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary in connection with the acquisition of an asset or assets from another Person, which Indebtedness was not, in any case, incurred by such other Person in connection with, or in contemplation of, such merger or acquisition.

“Affiliate” of any Person means any other Person which directly or indirectly controls or is controlled by, or is under direct or indirect common control with, the referent Person. For purposes of the covenants described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Restricted Payments,” “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Asset Sales,” and “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Transactions with Affiliates,” Affiliates shall be deemed to include, with respect to any Person, any other Person (1) which beneficially owns or holds, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of any class of the Voting Stock of the referent Person, (2) of which 10% or more of the Voting Stock is beneficially owned or held, directly or indirectly, by the referent Person or (3) with respect to an individual, any immediate family member of such Person. For purposes of this definition, “control” of a Person shall mean the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.

“Asset Acquisition” means

(1) an Investment by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary in any other Person if, as a result of such Investment, such Person shall become a Restricted Subsidiary or shall be merged with or into the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, or

(2) the acquisition by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary of all or substantially all of the assets of any other Person or any division or line of business of any other Person.

“Asset Sale” means any sale, issuance, conveyance, transfer, lease, assignment or other disposition by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary to any Person other than the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary (including by means of a Sale and Leaseback Transaction or a merger or consolidation) (collectively, for purposes of this definition, a “transfer”), in one transaction or a series of related transactions, of any assets (including Equity Interests) of the Parent or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries other than in the ordinary course of business. For purposes of this definition, the term “Asset Sale” shall not include:

(1) transfers of cash or Cash Equivalents;

(2) transfers of assets (including Equity Interests) that are governed by, and made in accordance with, the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Mergers, Consolidations, Etc.”;

(3) Permitted Investments and Restricted Payments permitted under the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Restricted Payments”;

(4) the creation or realization of any Permitted Lien;

(5) transactions in the ordinary course of business, including dedications and other donations to governmental authorities, sales (directly or indirectly), leases, sales and leasebacks and other dispositions of (A) homes, improved land and unimproved land, whether in single or multiple lots, (B) real estate (including related amenities and improvements), whether in single or multiple lots and (C) Equity Interests of a Subsidiary, the assets of which consist entirely of amenities and improvements related to real estate, such as golf courses, and real estate underlying such amenities and improvements;

(6) dispositions of mortgage loans and related assets and mortgage-backed securities in the ordinary course of a mortgage lending business;

(7) any transfer or series of related transfers that, but for this clause, would be Asset Sales, if after giving effect to such transfers, the aggregate Fair Market Value of the assets transferred in such transaction or any such series of related transactions does not exceed $2.0 million;

(8) the surrender or waiver of contractual rights or the settlement, release or surrender of contract, tort or other claims of any kind;

(9) the disposition of assets or property that are obsolete or that are no longer useful in the conduct of the business of the Issuer and/or any Restricted Subsidiaries; and

(10) an issuance of Equity Interests by a Restricted Subsidiary to the Issuer, Parent or to a Restricted Subsidiary.

 

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“Attributable Indebtedness”, when used with respect to any Sale and Leaseback Transaction, means, as at the time of determination, the present value (discounted at a rate equivalent to the Issuer’s then-current weighted average cost of funds for borrowed money as at the time of determination, compounded on a semi-annual basis) of the total obligations of the lessee for rental payments during the remaining term of any Capitalized Lease included in any such Sale and Leaseback Transaction.

“Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

“Business Day” means a day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions in New York are authorized or required by law to close.

“Capitalized Lease” means a lease required to be capitalized for financial reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP.

“Capitalized Lease Obligations” of any Person means the obligations of such Person to pay rent or other amounts under a Capitalized Lease, and the amount of such obligation shall be the capitalized amount thereof determined in accordance with GAAP.

“Cash Equivalents” means:

(1) marketable obligations with a maturity of one year or less issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States of America or any agency or instrumentality thereof;

(2) demand and time deposits and certificates of deposit or acceptances with a maturity of one year or less of any financial institution that is a member of the Federal Reserve System having combined capital and surplus and undivided profits of not less than $500 million and is assigned at least a “B” rating by Thomson Financial BankWatch;

(3) commercial paper maturing no more than 180 days from the date of creation thereof issued by a corporation that is not the Parent or an Affiliate of the Parent, and is organized under the laws of any State of the United States of America or the District of Columbia and rated at least A-1 by Standard & Poor’s or at least P-1 by Moody’s;

(4) repurchase obligations with a term of not more than ten days for underlying securities of the types described in clause (1) above entered into with any commercial bank meeting the specifications of clause (2) above; and

(5) investments in money market or other mutual funds substantially all of whose assets comprise securities of the types described in clauses (1) through (4) above.

“Consolidated Amortization Expense” for any period means the amortization expense of the Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.

“Consolidated Cash Flow Available for Fixed Charges” for any period means, without duplication, the sum of the amounts for such period of

(1) Consolidated Net Income, plus

(2) in each case only to the extent (and in the same proportion) deducted in determining Consolidated Net Income and with respect to the portion of Consolidated Net Income attributable to any Restricted Subsidiary (other than the Issuer) only if a corresponding amount would be permitted at the date of determination to be distributed to the Parent by such Restricted Subsidiary without prior approval (that has not been obtained), pursuant to the terms of its charter and all agreements, instruments, judgments, decrees, orders, statutes, rules and governmental regulations applicable to such Restricted Subsidiary or its stockholders,

(a) Consolidated Income Tax Expense,

(b) Consolidated Amortization Expense (but only to the extent not included in Consolidated Interest Expense),

(c) Consolidated Depreciation Expense,

(d) Consolidated Interest Expense and interest and other charges amortized to “cost of sales—homes” or “cost of sales—lots, land and other”,

(e) all other non-cash items reducing the Consolidated Net Income (excluding any non-cash charge that results in an accrual of a reserve for cash charges in any future period) for such period,

(f) cash and noncash charges incurred by the Parent and its Restricted Subsidiaries relating to the issuance of the Notes and the application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in “Use of Proceeds” in the confidential offering memorandum distributed in connection with the private offering of the outstanding notes or as otherwise incurred as a result of the early extinguishment of Indebtedness, and

(g) restructuring charges or reserves incurred in connection with the Chapter 11 Cases and the transactions related thereto,

 

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in each case determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP, minus

(3) the aggregate amount of all non-cash items, determined on a consolidated basis, to the extent such items increased Consolidated Net Income for such period.

“Consolidated Depreciation Expense” for any period means the depreciation expense of the Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.

“Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” means the ratio of Consolidated Cash Flow Available for Fixed Charges during the most recent four consecutive full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available (the “Four-Quarter Period”) ending on or prior to the date of the transaction giving rise to the need to calculate the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (the “Transaction Date”) to Consolidated Interest Incurred for the Four-Quarter Period. For purposes of this definition, Consolidated Cash Flow Available for Fixed Charges and Consolidated Interest Incurred shall be calculated after giving effect on a pro forma basis for the period of such calculation to:

(1) the incurrence of any Indebtedness, the inclusion of any Indebtedness on the balance sheet or the issuance of any preferred stock, in each case of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary (and the application of the proceeds thereof) and any repayment, repurchase, defeasance or other discharge or the assumption by another Person that is not an Affiliate (collectively, “repayment”) of other Indebtedness or redemption of other preferred stock (other than the incurrence or repayment of Indebtedness in the ordinary course of business for working capital purposes pursuant to any revolving credit arrangement) occurring during the Four-Quarter Period or at any time subsequent to the last day of the Four-Quarter Period and on or prior to the Transaction Date, as if such incurrence, repayment, issuance or redemption, as the case may be (and the application of the proceeds thereof), occurred on the first day of the Four-Quarter Period; provided , however , that the pro forma calculation of Consolidated Interest Incurred shall not give effect to any Permitted Indebtedness incurred on the Transaction Date or to the repayment or other discharge on the Transaction Date of any Indebtedness to the extent such repayment or discharge results from the proceeds of Permitted Indebtedness incurred on the Transaction Date;

(2) any Asset Sale or Asset Acquisition (including any Asset Acquisition giving rise to the need to make such calculation as a result of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary (including any Person who becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of such Asset Acquisition) incurring Acquired Indebtedness and also including any Consolidated Cash Flow Available for Fixed Charges (including any pro forma expense and cost reductions calculated on a basis consistent with Regulation S-X under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) associated with any such Asset Acquisition) occurring during the Four-Quarter Period or at any time subsequent to the last day of the Four-Quarter Period and on or prior to the Transaction Date, as if such Asset Sale or Asset Acquisition or other disposition (including the incurrence of, or assumption or liability for, any such Indebtedness or Acquired Indebtedness) occurred on the first day of the Four-Quarter Period; and

(3) the Consolidated Cash Flow Available for Fixed Charges and the Consolidated Interest Expense attributable to discontinued operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP shall be excluded.

If the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary directly or indirectly guarantees Indebtedness of a third Person (other than a Restricted Subsidiary, in the case of the Parent, or the Parent or another Restricted Subsidiary, in the case of a Restricted Subsidiary), the preceding sentence shall give effect to the incurrence of such guaranteed Indebtedness as if the Parent or such Restricted Subsidiary had directly incurred or otherwise assumed such guaranteed Indebtedness.

In calculating Consolidated Interest Incurred for purposes of determining the denominator (but not the numerator) of this Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio:

(1) interest on outstanding Indebtedness determined on a fluctuating basis as of the Transaction Date and which will continue to be so determined thereafter shall be deemed to have accrued at a fixed rate per annum equal to the rate of interest on this Indebtedness in effect on the Transaction Date;

(2) if interest on any Indebtedness actually incurred on the Transaction Date may optionally be determined at an interest rate based upon a factor of a prime or similar rate, a eurocurrency interbank offered rate, or other rates, then the interest rate in effect on the Transaction Date will be deemed to have been in effect during the Four-Quarter Period; and

(3) notwithstanding clause (1) or (2) above, interest on Indebtedness determined on a fluctuating basis, to the extent such interest is covered by agreements with a term of at least one year after the Transaction Date relating to Hedging Obligations, shall be deemed to accrue at the rate per annum resulting after giving effect to the operation of these agreements.

 

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“Consolidated Income Tax Expense” for any period means the provision for taxes of the Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.

“Consolidated Indebtedness” means, as of any date, the total Indebtedness of the Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries as of such date, determined on a consolidated basis.

“Consolidated Interest Expense” for any period means the sum, without duplication, of the total interest expense (other than interest and other charges amortized to “cost of sales—homes” or “cost of sales—lots, land and other”) of the Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP and including, without duplication,

(1) imputed interest on Capitalized Lease Obligations and Attributable Indebtedness,

(2) commissions, discounts and other fees and charges owed with respect to letters of credit securing financial obligations, bankers’ acceptance financing and receivables financings,

(3) the net costs associated with Hedging Obligations,

(4) amortization of debt issuance costs, debt discount or premium and other financing fees and expenses,

(5) the interest portion of any deferred payment obligations,

(6) all other non-cash interest expense; provided , however , that any non-cash interest expense or income attributable to the movement in the mark-to-market valuation of Hedging Obligations or other derivative instrument pursuant to GAAP shall be excluded from the calculation of Consolidated Interest Expense,

(7) the product of (a) all dividend payments on any series of Disqualified Equity Interests of the Parent or any preferred stock of any Restricted Subsidiary (other than any such Disqualified Equity Interests or any preferred stock held by the Parent or a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary), multiplied by (b) a fraction, the numerator of which is one and the denominator of which is one minus the then current combined federal, state and local statutory tax rate of the Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries, expressed as a decimal,

(8) all interest payable with respect to discontinued operations, and

(9) all interest on any Indebtedness of any other Person (other than a Restricted Subsidiary, in the case of the Parent, or the Parent or another Restricted Subsidiary, in the case of a Restricted Subsidiary) guaranteed by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary.

“Consolidated Interest Incurred” for any period means the sum, without duplication, of (1) Consolidated Interest Expense and (2) interest capitalized for such period (including interest capitalized with respect to discontinued operations but not including interest or other charges amortized to “cost of sales—homes” or “cost of sales—lots, land and other”).

“Consolidated Net Income” for any period means the net income (or loss) of the Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries for such period determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP; provided that there shall be excluded from such net income (to the extent otherwise included therein), without duplication:

(1) the net income (or loss) of any Person (other than a Restricted Subsidiary) in which any Person other than the Parent or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has an ownership interest, except to the extent that cash in an amount equal to any such income has actually been received by the Parent or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period;

(2) except to the extent includible in the consolidated net income of the Parent pursuant to the foregoing clause (1), the net income (or loss) of any Person that accrued prior to the date that (a) such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or is merged into or consolidated with the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary or (b) the assets of such Person are acquired by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary;

(3) the net income of any Restricted Subsidiary (other than the Issuer) during such period to the extent that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions by such Restricted Subsidiary of that income is not permitted by operation of the terms of its charter or any agreement, instrument, judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or governmental regulation applicable to that Subsidiary during such period;

(4) that portion of the net income of any Restricted Subsidiary (other than the Issuer) that is not a Guarantor and is not a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary attributable to the portion of the Equity Interests of such Restricted Subsidiary that is not owned by the Parent or the Restricted Subsidiaries;

 

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(5) for the purposes of calculating the Restricted Payments Basket only, in the case of a successor to the Parent or the Issuer by consolidation, merger or transfer of its assets, any income (or loss) of the successor prior to such merger, consolidation or transfer of assets;

(6) any gain (or loss), together with any related provisions for taxes on any such gain (or the tax effect of any such loss), realized during such period by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary upon (a) the acquisition of any securities, or the extinguishment of any Indebtedness, of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary or (b) any Asset Sale by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary; and

(7) any extraordinary gain (or extraordinary loss), together with any related provision for taxes on any such extraordinary gain (or the tax effect of any such extraordinary loss), realized by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary during such period.

In addition, any return of capital with respect to an Investment that increased the Restricted Payments Basket pursuant to clause (3)(d) of the first paragraph under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Restricted Payments” or decreased the amount of Investments outstanding pursuant to clause (14) of the definition of “Permitted Investments” shall be excluded from Consolidated Net Income for purposes of calculating the Restricted Payments Basket.

“Consolidated Net Worth” means, with respect to any Person as of any date, the consolidated stockholders’ equity of such Person, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP, less (without duplication) (1) any amounts thereof attributable to Disqualified Equity Interests of such Person or its Subsidiaries or any amount attributable to Unrestricted Subsidiaries (other than Cerro Plata Associates, LLC and 242 Cerro Plata, LLC) and (2) all write-ups (other than write-ups resulting from foreign currency translations and write-ups of tangible assets of a going concern business made within twelve months after the acquisition of such business) subsequent to the Issue Date in the book value of any asset owned by such Person or a Subsidiary of such Person.

“Consolidated Tangible Assets” means, as of any date, the total amount of assets of the Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis at the end of the fiscal quarter immediately preceding such date, as determined in accordance with GAAP, less (1) Intangible Assets and (2) any assets securing Non-Recourse Indebtedness.

“Consolidated Tangible Net Worth” means, with respect to any Person as of any date, the Consolidated Net Worth of such Person as of such date less (without duplication) all Intangible Assets of such Person as of such date.

“Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

“Credit Facilities” means one or more debt facilities, indentures or commercial paper facilities, in each case, with banks or other lenders or investors or credit providers or a trustee providing for the revolving credit loans, term loans, receivables financing (including through the sale of receivables to such lenders or to special purpose entities formed to borrow from such lenders against such receivables), bankers acceptances, letters of credit or issuances of debt securities, including any related notes, guarantees, collateral documents, instruments, documents and agreements executed in connection therewith and in each case, as amended, restated, modified, renewed, extended, supplemented, restructured, refunded, replaced in any manner (whether upon or after termination or otherwise) or in part from time to time, in one or more instances and including any amendment increasing the amount of Indebtedness incurred or available to be borrowed thereunder, extending the maturity of any Indebtedness incurred thereunder or contemplated thereby or deleting, adding or substituting one or more parties thereto (whether or not such added or substituted parties are banks or other institutional lenders), including one or more separate instruments or facilities, in each case, whether any such amendment, restatement, modification, renewal, extension, supplement, restructuring, refunding, replacement or refinancing occurs simultaneously or not with the termination or repayment of a prior Credit Facility.

“Default” means (1) any Event of Default or (2) any event, act or condition that, after notice or the passage of time or both, would be an Event of Default.

“Designation” has the meaning given to this term in the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Designation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries”; and “Designate” and “Designated” shall have correlative meanings.

“Designation Amount” has the meaning given to this term in the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Designation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries.”

“Directly Related Assets” means, with respect to any particular property, assets directly related thereto or derived therefrom, such as proceeds (including insurance proceeds), products, rents, and profits thereof and improvements and accessions thereto.

 

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“Disqualified Equity Interests” of any Person means any class of Equity Interests of such Person that, by their terms, or by the terms of any related agreement or of any security into which they are convertible, puttable or exchangeable, are, or upon the happening of any event or the passage of time would be, required to be redeemed by such Person, whether or not at the option of the holder thereof, or mature or are mandatorily redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, in whole or in part, on or prior to the date which is 91 days after the final maturity date of the Notes; provided , however , that any class of Equity Interests of such Person that, by its terms, authorizes such Person to satisfy in full its obligations with respect to the payment of dividends or upon maturity, redemption (pursuant to a sinking fund or otherwise) or repurchase thereof or otherwise by the delivery of Equity Interests that are not Disqualified Equity Interests, and that are not convertible, puttable or exchangeable for Disqualified Equity Interests or Indebtedness, will not be deemed to be Disqualified Equity Interests so long as such Person satisfies its obligations with respect thereto solely by the delivery of Equity Interests that are not Disqualified Equity Interests; provided further , however , that any Equity Interests that would constitute Disqualified Equity Interests but for provisions thereof giving holders thereof (or the holders of any security into or for which such Equity Interests are convertible, exchangeable or exercisable) the right to require the Issuer to redeem such Equity Interests upon the occurrence of a change in control occurring prior to the final maturity date of the Notes shall not constitute Disqualified Equity Interests if the change in control provisions applicable to such Equity Interests are no more favorable to such holders than the provisions described under the caption “—Change of Control” and such Equity Interests specifically provide that the Issuer will not redeem any such Equity Interests pursuant to such provisions prior to the Issuer’s purchase of the Notes as required pursuant to the provisions described under the caption “—Change of Control.”

“Equity Interests” of any Person means (1) any and all shares or other equity interests (including common stock, preferred stock, limited liability company interests and partnership interests) in such Person and (2) all rights to purchase, warrants or options (whether or not currently exercisable), participations or other equivalents of or interests in (however designated) such shares or other interests in such Person.

“Equity Offering” means public or private equity offering or sale after the Issue Date of Qualified Equity Interests.

“Existing Preferred Shares” means the shares of Convertible Preferred Stock issued by Parent on prior to the Issue Date and which are convertible into shares of Class C Common Stock of Parent.

“Fair Market Value” means, with respect to any asset, the price (after taking into account any liabilities relating to such assets) that would reasonably expected to be negotiated in an arm’s-length transaction for cash between a willing seller and a willing and able buyer, neither of which is under any compulsion to complete the transaction, as such price is determined in good faith by the board of directors of the Parent or a duly authorized committee thereof, as evidenced by a resolution of such board or committee.

“GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as may be approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession of the United States, as in effect from time to time.

“GP Indebtedness” means as of any date the amount of the liability of Parent or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in its capacity as a general partner for the Indebtedness of a partnership or Joint Venture after subtracting the Fair Market Value as of such date of the assets of such partnership or Joint Venture that secure such Indebtedness.

“guarantee” means a direct or indirect guarantee by any Person of any Indebtedness of any other Person and includes any obligation, direct or indirect, contingent or otherwise, of such Person: (1) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) Indebtedness of such other Person (whether arising by virtue of partnership arrangements, or by agreements to keep-well, to purchase assets, goods, securities or services (unless such purchase arrangements are on arm’s-length terms and are entered into in the ordinary course of business), to take-or-pay, or to maintain financial statement conditions or otherwise); or (2) entered into for purposes of assuring in any other manner the obligee of such Indebtedness of the payment thereof or to protect such obligee against loss in respect thereof (in whole or in part). “guarantee,” when used as a verb, and “guaranteed” have correlative meanings.

“Guarantors” means the Parent and each Restricted Subsidiary of the Parent (other than the Issuer), and each other Person that is required to become a Guarantor by the terms of the Indenture, in each case, until such Person is released from its Note Guarantee.

 

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“Hedging Obligations” of any Person means the obligations of such Person pursuant to (1) any interest rate swap agreement, interest rate collar agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person against fluctuations in interest rates, (2) agreements or arrangements designed to protect such Person against fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates in the conduct of its operations, or (3) any forward contract, commodity swap agreement, commodity option agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person against fluctuations in commodity prices, in each case entered into in the ordinary course of business for bona fide hedging purposes and not for the purpose of speculation.

“Holder” means any registered holder, from time to time, of the Notes.

“incur” means, with respect to any Indebtedness or obligation, incur, create, issue, assume, guarantee or otherwise become directly or indirectly liable, contingently or otherwise, with respect to such Indebtedness or obligation; provided that (1) the Indebtedness of a Person existing at the time such Person became a Restricted Subsidiary or at the time such Person merged with or into the Parent or a Restricted Subsidiary shall be deemed to have been incurred at such time and (2) neither the accrual of interest nor the accretion of original issue discount shall be deemed to be an incurrence of Indebtedness.

“Indebtedness” of any Person at any date means, without duplication:

(1) all liabilities, contingent or otherwise, of such Person for borrowed money (whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of the assets of such Person or only to a portion thereof);

(2) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or other similar instruments;

(3) all obligations of such Person in respect of letters of credit or other similar instruments (or reimbursement obligations with respect thereto);

(4) all obligations of such Person to pay the deferred and unpaid purchase price of property or services, except trade payables and accrued expenses incurred by such Person in the ordinary course of business in connection with obtaining goods, materials or services;

(5) the maximum fixed redemption or repurchase price of all Disqualified Equity Interests of such Person;

(6) all Capitalized Lease Obligations of such Person;

(7) all Indebtedness of others secured by a Lien on any asset of such Person, whether or not such Indebtedness is assumed by such Person;

(8) all Indebtedness of others guaranteed by such Person to the extent of such guarantee; provided that (i) Indebtedness of the Parent or its Subsidiaries that is guaranteed by the Parent or the Parent’s Subsidiaries shall be counted only once in the calculation of the amount of Indebtedness of the Parent and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis and (ii) only the liabilities relating to any such guarantee that are recorded as liabilities, or required (in accordance with GAAP) to be recorded as liabilities, on the balance sheet of such Person shall be considered Indebtedness of such Person (it being understood that any increase in liabilities recorded or required to be recorded on such Person’s balance sheet shall be deemed to be an “incurrence” of Indebtedness by such Person at the time of such increase);

(9) all Attributable Indebtedness;

(10) to the extent not otherwise included in this definition, Hedging Obligations of such Person;

(11) all obligations of such Person under conditional sale or other title retention agreements relating to assets purchased by such Person; and

(12) the liquidation value of preferred stock of a Subsidiary of such Person issued and outstanding and held by any Person other than such Person (or one of its Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiaries).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following shall not be considered Indebtedness:

(a) earn-outs or similar profit sharing or participation arrangements provided for in acquisition agreements which are determined on the basis of future operating earnings or other similar performance criteria (which are not determinable at the time of acquisition) of the acquired assets or entities,

(b) accrued expenses, trade payables, customer deposits or deferred income taxes arising in the ordinary course of business,

(c) completion guarantees entered into in the ordinary course of business and

(d) obligations in respect of district improvement bonds pertaining to roads, sewers and other infrastructure.

 

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The amount of Indebtedness of any Person at any date shall be the outstanding balance at such date of all unconditional obligations as described above, the maximum liability of such Person for any such contingent obligations at such date and, in the case of clause (7), the lesser of (a) the Fair Market Value of any asset subject to a Lien securing the Indebtedness of others on the date that the Lien attaches and (b) the amount of the Indebtedness secured; provided , however , that the amount outstanding at any time of any Indebtedness issued with original issue discount shall be deemed to be the face amount of such Indebtedness less the remaining unamortized portion of the original issue discount of such Indebtedness at such time, as determined in accordance with GAAP. For purposes of clause (5), the “maximum fixed redemption or repurchase price” of any Disqualified Equity Interests that do not have a fixed redemption or repurchase price shall be calculated in accordance with the terms of such Disqualified Equity Interests as if such Disqualified Equity Interests were redeemed on any date on which an amount of Indebtedness outstanding shall be required to be determined pursuant to the Indenture.

“Independent Director” means a director of the Parent who

(1) is independent with respect to the transaction at issue;

(2) does not have any material financial interest in the Parent or any of its Affiliates (other than as a result of holding securities of the Parent); and

(3) has not and whose Affiliates or affiliated firm has not, at any time during the twelve months prior to the taking of any action hereunder, directly or indirectly, received, or entered into any understanding or agreement to receive, compensation, payment or other benefit, of any type or form, from the Parent or any of its Affiliates, other than customary directors’ fees and indemnity and insurance arrangements for serving on the board of directors of the Parent or any Affiliate and reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses for attendance at the Parent’s or Affiliate’s board and board committee meetings.

“Independent Financial Advisor” means an accounting, appraisal or investment banking firm of nationally recognized standing that is, in the reasonable judgment of the Parent’s board of directors, qualified to perform the task for which it has been engaged and disinterested and independent with respect to the Parent and its Affiliates; provided, however, that the prior rendering of service to the Parent or an Affiliate of the Parent shall not, by itself, disqualify the advisor.

“Intangible Assets” means, with respect to any Person, all unamortized debt discount and expense, unamortized deferred charges, goodwill, patents, trademarks, service marks, trade names, copyrights, write-ups of assets over their carrying value (other than write-ups which occurred prior to the Issue Date and other than, in connection with the acquisition of an asset, the write-up of the value of such asset to its Fair Market Value in accordance with GAAP on the date of acquisition) and all other items which would be treated as intangibles on the consolidated balance sheet of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP.

“interest” means, with respect to the Notes, interest on the Notes.

“Investments” of any Person means, without duplication:

(1) all direct or indirect investments by such Person in any other Person in the form of loans, advances or capital contributions or other credit extensions constituting Indebtedness of such other Person, and any guarantee of Indebtedness of any other Person;

(2) all purchases (or other acquisitions for consideration) by such Person of Indebtedness, Equity Interests or other securities of any other Person;

(3) all other items that would be classified as investments on a balance sheet of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP; and

(4) the Designation of any Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

Except as otherwise expressly specified in this definition, the amount of any Investment (other than an Investment made in cash) shall be the Fair Market Value thereof on the date such Investment is made. The amount of any Investment pursuant to clause (4) shall be the Designation Amount determined in accordance with the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Designation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries.” If the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary sells or otherwise disposes of any Equity Interests of any direct or indirect Restricted Subsidiary such that, after giving effect to any such sale or disposition, such Person is no longer a Restricted Subsidiary, the Parent shall be deemed to have made an Investment on the date of any such sale or other disposition equal to the Fair Market Value of the Equity Interests of and all other Investments in such Restricted Subsidiary not sold or disposed of, which amount shall be determined by the board of directors of the Parent. Notwithstanding the foregoing, redemptions of Equity Interests of the Parent shall be deemed not to be Investments.

“Issue Date” means November 8, 2012, the date on which the initial notes were originally issued.

 

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“Joint Venture” means a corporation, limited liability company, partnership or other entity engaged in a Permitted Business (other than an entity constituting a Subsidiary of the Parent) in which the Parent or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries owns, directly or indirectly, at least 20% of the Equity Interests.

“Lien” means, with respect to any asset, any mortgage, deed of trust, lien (statutory or other), pledge, lease, easement, restriction, covenant, charge, security interest or other encumbrance of any kind or nature in respect of such asset, whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under applicable law, including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, and any lease in the nature thereof, any option or other agreement to sell, and any filing of, or agreement to give, any financing statement under the Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent statutes) of any jurisdiction (other than cautionary filings in respect of operating leases).

“Net Available Proceeds” means, with respect to any Asset Sale, the proceeds thereof in the form of cash or Cash Equivalents, net of

(1) brokerage commissions and other fees and expenses (including fees and expenses of legal counsel, accountants and investment banks) of such Asset Sale;

(2) provisions for taxes payable as a result of such Asset Sale (after taking into account any available tax credits or deductions and any tax sharing arrangements);

(3) amounts required to be paid to any Person (other than the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary) owning a beneficial interest in the assets subject to the Asset Sale or having a Lien thereon;

(4) payments of unassumed liabilities (not constituting Indebtedness) relating to the assets sold at the time of, or within 30 days after the date of, such Asset Sale; and

(5) appropriate amounts to be provided by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, as a reserve required in accordance with GAAP against any liabilities associated with such Asset Sale and retained by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, after such Asset Sale, including pensions and other postemployment benefit liabilities, liabilities related to environmental matters and liabilities under any indemnification obligations associated with such Asset Sale; provided, however, that any amounts remaining after adjustments, revaluations or liquidations of such reserves shall constitute Net Available Proceeds.

“Non-Recourse Indebtedness” with respect to any Person means Indebtedness of such Person for which (1) the sole legal recourse for collection of principal and interest on such Indebtedness is against the specific property identified in the instruments evidencing or securing such Indebtedness and such property was acquired with the proceeds of such Indebtedness or such Indebtedness was incurred within 90 days after the acquisition of such property and (2) no other assets of such Person may be realized upon in collection of principal or interest on such Indebtedness. Indebtedness that is otherwise Non-Recourse Indebtedness will not lose its character as Non-Recourse Indebtedness because there is recourse for (a) environmental warranties or indemnities, (b) indemnities for and liabilities arising from fraud, misrepresentation, misapplication or non-payment of rents, profits, insurance and condemnation proceeds and other sums actually received by the obligor from secured assets to be paid to the lender, waste and mechanics liens or (c) similar customary “bad-boy” guarantees.

“Officer” of any Person means any of the following of such Person: the Chairman of the board of directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the President, any Vice President, the Treasurer or the Secretary.

“Officers’ Certificate” of any Person means a certificate signed by two Officers of such Person.

“Parent” means William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation, and its successors.

“Pari Passu Indebtedness” means any Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Guarantor that ranks pari passu as to payment with the Notes or the Note Guarantee of such Guarantor, as applicable.

“Permitted Business” means the businesses engaged in by the Parent and its Subsidiaries on the Issue Date as described in this section “Description of the Notes” and businesses that are reasonably related thereto or reasonable extensions thereof.

 

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“Permitted Holders” means (i) Luxor Capital Group LP, Paulson & Co. and their respective Affiliates and all investment funds managed by any of the foregoing (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, their respective portfolio companies or other operating companies affiliated with Luxor Capital Group LP and Paulson & Co.), (ii) General William Lyon, his spouse and lineal descendants (including adopted children and their lineal descendants) or any Person controlled, directly or indirectly, by, or trust or similar estate planning vehicle established exclusively for the benefit of, any of such Persons, (iii) any Person or any of the Persons who were a group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or Section 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act, or any successor provision) whose ownership of assets or Voting Stock has triggered a Change of Control in respect of which a Change of Control Offer has been made and all notes that were tendered therein have been accepted and paid, (iv) any group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or Section 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act or any successor provision) of which any of the foregoing beneficially own, without giving effect to the existence of such group or any other group, more than 50.0% of the total voting power of the aggregate Voting Stock of the Parent held directly or indirectly by such group and (v) any members of a group described in clause (iv) for so long as such Person is a member of such group.

“Permitted Investment” means:

(1) Investments by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary in (a) the Issuer or any Guarantor or (b) in any Person that is or will become immediately after such Investment a Guarantor or that will merge or consolidate into the Issuer or a Guarantor;

(2) Investments in the Parent by any Restricted Subsidiary;

(3) loans and advances to directors, employees and officers of the Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries for bona fide business purposes and to purchase Equity Interests of the Parent not in excess of $2.0 million at any one time outstanding;

(4) Hedging Obligations incurred pursuant to clause (4) of the second paragraph under the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Additional Indebtedness”;

(5) Cash Equivalents;

(6) receivables owing to the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary if created or acquired in the ordinary course of business and payable or dischargeable in accordance with customary trade terms; provided, however, that such trade terms may include such concessionary trade terms as the Parent or any such Restricted Subsidiary deems reasonable under the circumstances;

(7) Investments received pursuant to any plan of reorganization or similar arrangement, including foreclosure, perfection or enforcement of any Lien, upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of such trade creditors or customers;

(8) Investments made by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary as a result of consideration received in connection with an Asset Sale made in compliance with the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Asset Sales”;

(9) lease, utility and other similar deposits in the ordinary course of business;

(10) Investments made by the Parent or a Restricted Subsidiary for consideration consisting only of Qualified Equity Interests;

(11) stock, obligations or securities received in settlement of debts created in the ordinary course of business and owing to the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary or in satisfaction of judgments;

(12) Investments in existence on the Issue Date and any extension, modification or renewal of such Investments or any Investments made with the proceeds of any disposition of any such Investments, but only to the extent not involving additional advances, contributions or other Investments of cash or other assets or other increases thereof (other than as a result of the appreciation, accrual or accretion of interest or original issue discount or the issuance of pay-in-kind securities, in each case, pursuant to the terms of such Investment as in effect on the Issue Date);

(13) completion guarantees entered into in the ordinary course of business;

(14) the Designation of a Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary in accordance with the fourth paragraph of the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Designation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries”; and

(15) other Investments in an aggregate amount not to exceed the greater of $35 million and 7% of Consolidated Tangible Assets at any one time outstanding (with each Investment being valued as of the date made and without regard to subsequent changes in value).

 

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The amount of Investments outstanding at any time pursuant to clause (15) above shall be deemed to be reduced:

(a) upon the disposition or repayment of or return on any Investment made pursuant to clause (15) above, by an amount equal to the return of capital with respect to such Investment to the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary (to the extent not included in the computation of Consolidated Net Income), less the cost of the disposition of such Investment and net of taxes; and

(b) upon a Redesignation of an Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary, by an amount equal to the lesser of (x) the Fair Market Value of the Parent’s proportionate interest in such Subsidiary immediately following such Redesignation, and (y) the aggregate amount of Investments in such Subsidiary that increased (and did not previously decrease) the amount of Investments outstanding pursuant to clause (15) above.

“Permitted Liens” means the following types of Liens:

(1)(a) statutory Liens of landlords and Liens of carriers, warehousemen, mechanics, suppliers, materialmen, repairmen and other Liens imposed by law incurred in the ordinary course of business and (b) Liens for taxes, assessments or governmental or quasi-governmental charges or claims, in either case, for sums not yet delinquent or being contested in good faith, if such reserve or other appropriate provision, if any, as shall be required by GAAP shall have been made in respect thereof;

(2) Liens incurred or deposits made in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance and other types of social security, or to secure the performance of tenders, statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, bids, leases, government contracts, performance and return-of-money bonds, development obligations, progress payments, utility services, developer’s or other obligations to make on-site or off-site improvements and other similar obligations (exclusive of obligations for the payment of borrowed money);

(3) Liens upon specific items of inventory or other goods and proceeds of any Person securing such Person’s obligations in respect of bankers’ acceptances issued or created for the account of such Person to facilitate the purchase, shipment or storage of such inventory or other goods;

(4) Liens securing reimbursement obligations with respect to commercial letters of credit which encumber documents, goods covered thereby and other assets relating to such letters of credit and products and proceeds thereof;

(5) Liens encumbering deposits made to secure obligations arising from statutory, regulatory, contractual or warranty requirements of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, including rights of offset and setoff;

(6) bankers’ Liens, rights of setoff and other similar Liens existing solely with respect to cash and Cash Equivalents on deposit in one or more accounts maintained by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, in each case granted in the ordinary course of business in favor of the bank or banks with which such accounts are maintained, securing amounts owing to such bank with respect to cash management and operating account arrangements, including those involving pooled accounts and netting arrangements; provided that in no case shall any such Liens secure (either directly or indirectly) the repayment of any Indebtedness;

(7) leases or subleases, licenses or sublicenses, (or any Liens related thereto) granted to others that do not materially interfere with the ordinary course of business of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary;

(8) Liens arising from filing Uniform Commercial Code financing statements regarding leases;

(9) Liens securing all of the Notes and Liens securing any Note Guarantee;

(10) Liens in favor of the Trustee under and as permitted by the Indenture;

(11) Liens existing on the Issue Date securing Indebtedness outstanding on the Issue Date;

(12) Liens in favor of the Issuer or a Guarantor;

(13) Liens securing Permitted Indebtedness incurred pursuant to and outstanding under clause (1) of “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Additional Indebtedness”;

(14) Liens securing Permitted Indebtedness incurred pursuant to and outstanding under clause (14) of “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Additional Indebtedness”;

(15) Liens securing Non-Recourse Indebtedness of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary permitted to be incurred under the Indenture; provided , that such Liens apply only to (a) the property financed out of the net proceeds of such Non-Recourse Indebtedness within 90 days after the incurrence of such Non-Recourse Indebtedness and (b) Directly Related Assets;

 

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(16) Liens securing Purchase Money Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under the Indenture; provided that such Liens apply only to (a) the property acquired, constructed or improved with the proceeds of such Purchase Money Indebtedness within 90 days after the incurrence of such Purchase Money Indebtedness and (b) Directly Related Assets;

(17) Liens securing Acquired Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under the Indenture; provided that the Liens do not extend to assets not subject to such Lien at the time of acquisition (other than Directed Related Assets) and are no more favorable to the lienholders than those securing such Acquired Indebtedness prior to the incurrence of such Acquired Indebtedness by the Parent or a Restricted Subsidiary;

(18) Liens on assets of a Person existing at the time such Person is acquired or merged with or into or consolidated with the Parent or any such Restricted Subsidiary (and not created in anticipation or contemplation thereof);

(19) Liens to secure Attributable Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under the Indenture; provided that any such Lien shall not extend to or cover any assets of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary other than (a) the assets which are the subject of the Sale and Leaseback Transaction in which the Attributable Indebtedness is incurred and (b) Directly Related Assets;

(20) Liens securing Indebtedness of Parent or its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of Indebtedness of a Joint Venture permitted to be incurred under the Indenture; provided that, with respect to such Indebtedness, such Liens do not extend to assets of Parent or its Restricted Subsidiaries other than (x) assets of the Joint Venture or (y) the Equity Interests held by Parent or a Restricted Subsidiary in such Joint Venture to the extent that such Liens secure Indebtedness in respect of such Joint Venture owing to lenders who have also been granted Liens on assets of such Joint Venture to secure Indebtedness of such Joint Venture;

(21) Liens to secure Refinancing Indebtedness which is incurred to refinance any Indebtedness which has been secured by a Lien permitted under the Indenture and which has been incurred in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture; provided that in each case such Liens do not extend to any additional assets (other than Directly Related Assets);

(22) attachment or judgment Liens not giving rise to a Default and which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings;

(23) easements, rights-of-way, dedications, covenants, conditions, restrictions, reservations, assessment district and other similar charges or encumbrances not materially interfering with the ordinary course of business of the Parent and its Subsidiaries;

(24) zoning restrictions, licenses, restrictions on the use of real property or minor irregularities in title thereto, which do not materially impair the use of such real property in the ordinary course of business of the Parent and its Subsidiaries or the value of such real property for the purpose of such business;

(25) Liens on Equity Interests in an Unrestricted Subsidiary to the extent that such Liens secure Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary owing to lenders who have also been granted Liens on assets of such Unrestricted Subsidiary to secure such Indebtedness;

(26) any right of first refusal, right of first offer, option, contract or other agreement to sell an asset; provided such sale is not otherwise prohibited under the Indenture;

(27) Liens for homeowner and property owner association developments and assessments;

(28) Licenses of intellectual property granted in the ordinary course of business and not interfering in any material respect with the ordinary conduct of business of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary

(29) pledges, deposits and other Liens existing under, or required to be made in connection with, (i) earnest money obligations, escrows or similar purpose undertakings or indemnifications in connection with any purchase and sale agreement, (ii) development agreements or other contracts entered into with governmental authorities (or an entity sponsored by a governmental authority), in connection with the entitlement of real property or (iii) agreements for the funding of infrastructure, including in respect of the issuance of community facility district bonds, metro district bonds, mello—roos bonds and subdivision improvement bonds, and similar bonding requirements arising in the ordinary course of business of a homebuilder;

(30) Liens, encumbrances or other restrictions not securing Indebtedness contained in any joint venture agreement entered into by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary with respect to the equity interests issued by the relevant joint venture or the assets of such joint venture;

 

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(31) assignments of insurance or condemnation proceeds provided to landlords (or their mortgagees) pursuant to the terms of any lease of property leased by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, in each case with respect to the property so leased, and customary Liens and rights reserved in any lease for rent or for compliance with the terms of such lease; and

(32) Liens on cash pledged to secure deductibles, retentions and other obligations to insurance providers in the ordinary course of business.

“Permitted Unrestricted Subsidiary Debt” means Indebtedness of an Unrestricted Subsidiary:

(1) as to which neither the Parent nor any Restricted Subsidiary (a) provides credit support of any kind (including any undertaking, agreement or instrument that would constitute Indebtedness), (b) is directly or indirectly liable as a guarantor or otherwise, or (c) constitutes the lender, other than, in the case of clause (a) or (b), obligations of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary arising as a result of being the general partner of such Unrestricted Subsidiary to the extent such obligations do not constitute Indebtedness of the Parent or such Restricted Subsidiary in accordance with the definition of “Indebtedness”; and

(2) as to which the lenders have been notified in writing that they will not have any recourse to the Equity Interests or assets of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary.

“Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or other agency or political subdivision thereof or other entity of any kind.

“Plan of Liquidation” with respect to any Person, means a plan that provides for, contemplates or the effectuation of which is preceded or accompanied by (whether or not substantially contemporaneously, in phases or otherwise): (1) the sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of such Person otherwise than as an entirety or substantially as an entirety; and (2) the distribution of all or substantially all of the proceeds of such sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the remaining assets of such Person to creditors and holders of Equity Interests of such Person.

“principal” means, with respect to the Notes, the principal of, and premium, if any, on the Notes.

“Purchase Money Indebtedness” means Indebtedness, including Capitalized Lease Obligations, of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary incurred for the purpose of financing all or any part of the purchase price of property, plant or equipment used in the business of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary or the cost of installation, construction or improvement thereof; provided, however , that (1) the amount of such Indebtedness shall not exceed such purchase price or cost (including financing costs), (2) such Indebtedness shall not be secured by any asset other than the specified asset being financed or, in the case of real property or fixtures, including additions and improvements, the real property to which such asset is attached and Directly Related Assets and (3) such Indebtedness shall be incurred within 90 days after such acquisition of such asset by the Parent or such Restricted Subsidiary or such installation, construction or improvement.

“Qualified Equity Interests” means Equity Interests of the Parent other than Disqualified Equity Interests.

“Ratio Exception” has the meaning set forth in the proviso in the first paragraph of the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Additional Indebtedness.”

“redeem” means to redeem, repurchase, purchase, defease, retire, discharge or otherwise acquire or retire for value; and “redemption” shall have a correlative meaning.

“Redesignation” has the meaning given to such term in the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Designation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries.”

“Refinancing Indebtedness” means Indebtedness of the Parent or a Restricted Subsidiary issued in exchange for, or the proceeds from the issuance and sale or disbursement of which are used substantially concurrently to redeem or refinance in whole or in part, or constituting an amendment of, any Indebtedness of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary (the “Refinanced Indebtedness”) in a principal amount not in excess of the principal amount of the Refinanced Indebtedness so repaid or amended (plus the amount of any premium paid, accrued and unpaid interest and the amount of expenses incurred by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary in connection with such repayment or amendment) (or, if such Refinancing Indebtedness refinances Indebtedness under a revolving credit facility or other agreement providing a commitment for subsequent borrowings, with a maximum commitment not to exceed the maximum commitment under such revolving credit facility or other agreement); provided that:

(1) if the Refinanced Indebtedness was subordinated to or pari passu with the Notes or the Note Guarantees, as the case may be, then such Refinancing Indebtedness, by its terms, is expressly pari passu with (in the case of Refinanced Indebtedness that was pari passu with) or subordinated in right of payment to (in the case of Refinanced Indebtedness that was subordinated to) the Notes or the Note Guarantees, as the case may be, at least to the same extent as the Refinanced Indebtedness;

 

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(2) the Refinancing Indebtedness is scheduled to mature either (a) no earlier than the Refinanced Indebtedness being repaid or amended or (b) after the maturity date of the Notes;

(3) the portion, if any, of the Refinancing Indebtedness that is scheduled to mature on or prior to the maturity date of the Notes has a Weighted Average Life to Maturity at the time such Refinancing Indebtedness is incurred that is equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the portion of the Refinanced Indebtedness being repaid that is scheduled to mature on or prior to the maturity date of the Notes; and

(4) the Refinancing Indebtedness is secured only to the extent, if at all, and by the assets, that the Refinanced Indebtedness being repaid, extended or amended is secured.

“Restricted Payment” means any of the following:

(1) the declaration or payment of any dividend or any other distribution on Equity Interests of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary or any payment made to the direct or indirect holders (in their capacities as such) of Equity Interests of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, including any payment in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Parent or the Issuer, but excluding (a) dividends or distributions payable solely in Qualified Equity Interests and (b) in the case of Restricted Subsidiaries, dividends or distributions payable to the Parent or to a Restricted Subsidiary and pro rata dividends or distributions payable to minority stockholders of any Restricted Subsidiary;

(2) the redemption of any Equity Interests of the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary, including any payment in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Parent or the Issuer, but excluding any such Equity Interests held by the Parent or any Restricted Subsidiary;

(3) any Investment other than a Permitted Investment; or

(4) any payment on or with respect to, or redemption of, any Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Subsidiary Guarantor (excluding any intercompany Indebtedness between or among the Parent and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries), except (i) a payment of interest or principal at the Stated Maturity thereof or (ii) the redemption of any such Subordinated Indebtedness purchased in anticipation of satisfying a sinking fund obligation, principal installment or payment at final maturity, in each case due within one year of the date of purchase, repurchase or other acquisition.

“Restricted Payments Basket” has the meaning given to such term in the first paragraph of the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Restricted Payments.”

“Restricted Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary of the Parent other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

“Sale and Leaseback Transaction” means, with respect to any Person, an arrangement with any bank, insurance company or other lender or investor or to which such lender or investor is a party, providing for the leasing by such Person of any asset of such Person which has been or is being sold or transferred by such Person to such lender or investor or to any Person to whom funds have been or are to be advanced by such lender or investor on the security of such asset.

“Secretary’s Certificate” means a certificate signed by the Secretary of the Parent.

“Significant Subsidiary” means (1) any Restricted Subsidiary (other than the Issuer) that would be a “significant subsidiary” as defined in Regulation S-X promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act as such Regulation is in effect on the Issue Date and (2) any Restricted Subsidiary (other than the Issuer) that, when aggregated with all other Restricted Subsidiaries (other than the Issuer) that are not otherwise Significant Subsidiaries and as to which any event described in clause (7) or (8) under “—Events of Default” has occurred and is continuing, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary under clause (1) of this definition.

“Subordinated Indebtedness” means Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Guarantor that is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or the Note Guarantees, respectively.

“Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity that is or is required to be consolidated in the consolidated financial statements of such Person in accordance with GAAP. Unless otherwise specified, “Subsidiary” refers to a Subsidiary of the Parent.

 

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“Subsidiary Guarantor” means any Guarantor other than the Parent.

“Subsidiary Note Guarantee” means the guarantee of the Notes executed by each Subsidiary Guarantor.

“Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.

“Unrestricted Subsidiary” means (1) any Subsidiary that at the time of determination shall be designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary by the Board of Directors of the Parent in accordance with the covenant described under “—Certain Covenants—Limitations on Designation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries” and (2) any Subsidiary of an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

“U.S. Government Obligations” means direct non-callable obligations of, or obligations guaranteed by, the United States of America for the payment of which guarantee or obligations the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged.

“Voting Stock” with respect to any Person, means securities of any class of Equity Interests of such Person entitling the holders thereof (whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock or other relevant equity interest has voting power by reason of any contingency) to vote in the election of members of the board of directors of such Person.

“Weighted Average Life to Maturity” when applied to any Indebtedness at any date, means the number of years obtained by dividing (1) the sum of the products obtained by multiplying (a) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required payment of principal, including payment at final maturity, in respect thereof by (b) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment by (2) the then outstanding principal amount of such Indebtedness.

“Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary” means a Restricted Subsidiary of which 100% of the Equity Interests (except for directors’ qualifying shares or certain minority interests owned by other Persons solely due to local law requirements that there be more than one stockholder, but which interest is not in excess of what is required for such purpose) are owned directly by the Parent or through one or more Wholly-Owned Restricted Subsidiaries.

Book-Entry, Delivery and Form

Except as set forth below, exchange notes will be issued in registered, global form (the “Global Notes”) in minimum denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000.

Except as set forth below, the Global Notes may be transferred, in whole and not in part, only to another nominee of DTC or to a successor of DTC or its nominee. Beneficial interests in the Global Notes may not be exchanged for definitive notes in registered certificated form (“ Certificated Notes ”) except in the limited circumstances described below. See “—Exchange of Global Notes for Certificated Notes.” Except in the limited circumstances described below, owners of beneficial interests in the Global Notes will not be entitled to receive physical delivery of notes in certificated form. In addition, transfers of beneficial interests in the Global Notes will be subject to the applicable rules and procedures of DTC and its direct or indirect participants (including, if applicable, those of Euroclear and Clearstream), which may change from time to time.

Depository Procedures

The following description of the operations and procedures of DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream are provided solely as a matter of convenience. These operations and procedures are solely within the control of the respective settlement systems and are subject to changes by them. The Issuer and trustee take no responsibility for these operations and procedures and urge investors to contact the system or their participants directly to discuss these matters.

DTC has advised the Issuer that DTC is a limited-purpose trust company created to hold securities for its participating organizations (collectively, the “Participants”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of transactions in those securities between the Participants through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of its Participants. The Participants include securities brokers and dealers (including the initial purchasers), banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations. Access to DTC’s system is also available to other entities such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Participant, either directly or indirectly (collectively, the “Indirect Participants”). Persons who are not Participants may beneficially own securities held by or on behalf of DTC only through the Participants or the Indirect Participants. The ownership interests in, and transfers of ownership interests in, each security held by or on behalf of DTC are recorded on the records of the Participants and Indirect Participants.

 

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DTC has also advised the Issuer that, pursuant to procedures established by it:

(1) upon deposit of the Global Notes, DTC will credit the accounts of the Participants designated by the initial purchasers with portions of the principal amount of the Global Notes; and

(2) ownership of these interests in the Global Notes will be shown on, and the transfer of ownership of these interests will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to the Participants) or by the Participants and the Indirect Participants (with respect to other owners of beneficial interest in the Global Notes).

Investors in the Global Notes who are Participants may hold their interests therein directly through DTC. Investors in the Global Notes who are not Participants may hold their interests therein indirectly through organizations (including Euroclear and Clearstream) which are Participants in such system. Euroclear and Clearstream will hold interests in the Global Notes on behalf of their participants through customers’ securities accounts in their respective names on the books of their respective depositories, which are Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V., as operator of Euroclear, and Citibank, N.A., as operator of Clearstream. All interests in a Global Note, including those held through Euroclear or Clearstream, may be subject to the procedures and requirements of DTC. Those interests held through Euroclear or Clearstream may also be subject to the procedures and requirements of such systems. The laws of some states require that certain Persons take physical delivery in definitive form of securities that they own. Consequently, the ability to transfer beneficial interests in a Global Note to such Persons will be limited to that extent. Because DTC can act only on behalf of the Participants, which in turn act on behalf of the Indirect Participants, the ability of a Person having beneficial interests in a Global Note to pledge such interests to Persons that do not participate in the DTC system, or otherwise take actions in respect of such interests, may be affected by the lack of a physical certificate evidencing such interests.

Except as described below, owners of interests in the Global Notes will not have notes registered in their names, will not receive physical delivery of notes in certificated form and will not be considered the registered owners or “holders” thereof under the indenture for any purpose.

Payments in respect of the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, a Global Note registered in the name of DTC or its nominee will be payable to DTC in its capacity as the registered holder under the indenture. Under the terms of the indenture, the Issuer and the trustee will treat the Persons in whose names the notes, including the Global Notes, are registered as the owners of the notes for the purpose of receiving payments and for all other purposes. Consequently, neither the Issuer, the trustee nor any agent of the Issuer or the trustee has or will have any responsibility or liability for:

(1) any aspect of DTC’s records or any Participant’s or Indirect Participant’s records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interest in the Global Notes or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any of DTC’s records or any Participant’s or Indirect Participant’s records relating to the beneficial ownership interests in the Global Notes; or

(2) any other matter relating to the actions and practices of DTC or any of its Participants or Indirect Participants.

DTC has advised the Issuer that its current practice, upon receipt of any payment in respect of securities such as the notes (including principal and interest), is to credit the accounts of the relevant Participants with the payment on the payment date unless DTC has reason to believe that it will not receive payment on such payment date. Each relevant Participant is credited with an amount proportionate to its beneficial ownership of an interest in the principal amount of the relevant security as shown on the records of DTC. Payments by the Participants and the Indirect Participants to the beneficial owners of notes will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices and will be the responsibility of the Participants or the Indirect Participants and will not be the responsibility of DTC, the trustee or the Issuer. Neither the Issuer nor the trustee will be liable for any delay by DTC or any of the Participants or the Indirect Participants in identifying the beneficial owners of the notes, and the Issuer and the trustee may conclusively rely on and will be protected in relying on instructions from DTC or its nominee for all purposes.

Transfers between the Participants will be effected in accordance with DTC’s procedures, and will be settled in same-day funds, and transfers between participants in Euroclear and Clearstream will be effected in accordance with their respective rules and operating procedures.

Cross-market transfers between the Participants, on the one hand, and Euroclear or Clearstream participants, on the other hand, will be effected through DTC in accordance with DTC’s rules on behalf of Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, by their respective depositaries; however, such cross-market transactions will require delivery of instructions to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, by the counterparty in such system in accordance with the rules and procedures and within the established deadlines (Brussels time) of such system. Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, will, if the transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its respective depositary to take action to effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving interests in the relevant Global Note in DTC, and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for same-day funds settlement applicable to DTC. Euroclear participants and Clearstream participants may not deliver instructions directly to the depositories for Euroclear or Clearstream.

 

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DTC has advised the Issuer that it will take any action permitted to be taken by a holder of notes only at the direction of one or more Participants to whose account DTC has credited the interests in the Global Notes and only in respect of such portion of the aggregate principal amount of the notes as to which such Participant or Participants has or have given such direction. However, if there is an Event of Default under the notes, DTC reserves the right to exchange the Global Notes for legended notes in certificated form, and to distribute such notes to its Participants.

Although DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream have agreed to the foregoing procedures to facilitate transfers of interests in the Global Notes among participants in DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream, they are under no obligation to perform or to continue to perform such procedures, and may discontinue such procedures at any time. None of the Issuer, the trustee and any of their respective agents will have any responsibility for the performance by DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream or their respective participants or indirect participants of their respective obligations under the rules and procedures governing their operations.

Exchange of Global Notes for Certificated Notes

A Global Note is exchangeable for Certificated Notes if:

(1) DTC (a) notifies the Issuer that it is unwilling or unable to continue as depositary for the Global Notes or (b) has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and, in either case, the Issuer fails to appoint a successor depositary;

(2) the Issuer, at its option, notifies the trustee in writing that it elects to cause the issuance of the Certificated Notes; or

(3) there has occurred and is continuing an Event of Default with respect to the notes.

In addition, beneficial interests in a Global Note may be exchanged for Certificated Notes upon prior written notice given to the trustee by or on behalf of DTC in accordance with the indenture. In all cases, Certificated Notes delivered in exchange for any Global Note or beneficial interests in Global Notes will be registered in the names, and issued in any approved denominations, requested by or on behalf of the depositary (in accordance with its customary procedures).

Exchange of Certificated Notes for Global Notes

Certificated Notes may not be exchanged for beneficial interests in any Global Note unless the transferor first delivers to the trustee a written certificate (in the form provided in the indenture).

Same Day Settlement and Payment

The Issuer will make payments in respect of the notes represented by the Global Notes (including principal, premium, if any, and interest) by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by DTC or its nominee. The Issuer will make all payments of principal, interest and premium, if any, with respect to Certificated Notes by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by the holders of the Certificated Notes or, if no such account is specified, by mailing a check to each such holder’s registered address. The notes represented by the Global Notes are expected to be eligible to trade in DTC’s Same-Day Funds Settlement System, and any permitted secondary market trading activity in such notes will, therefore, be required by DTC to be settled in immediately available funds. The Issuer expects that secondary trading in any Certificated Notes will also be settled in immediately available funds.

Because of time zone differences, the securities account of a Euroclear or Clearstream participant purchasing an interest in a Global Note from a Participant will be credited, and any such crediting will be reported to the relevant Euroclear or Clearstream participant, during the securities settlement processing day (which must be a business day for Euroclear and Clearstream) immediately following the settlement date of DTC. DTC has advised the Issuer that cash received in Euroclear or Clearstream as a result of sales of interests in a Global Note by or through a Euroclear or Clearstream participant to a Participant will be received with value on the settlement date of DTC but will be available in the relevant Euroclear or Clearstream cash account only as of the business day for Euroclear or Clearstream following DTC’s settlement date.

 

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UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following discussion is a summary of the material United States federal income tax considerations relevant to the exchange of the outstanding notes for exchange notes pursuant to the exchange offer, but does not purport to be a complete analysis of all potential tax effects. The discussion is based upon the Code, United States Treasury regulations issued thereunder, Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) rulings and pronouncements, and judicial decisions, all as of the date hereof and all of which are subject to change at any time. Any such change may be applied retroactively in a manner that could adversely affect a holder of the notes. We have not sought any ruling from the IRS with respect to the statements made and the conclusions reached in the following discussion, and there can be no assurance that the IRS will agree with such statements and conclusions.

This discussion does not address all of the United States federal income tax consequences that may be relevant to a holder in light of such holder’s particular circumstances or to holders subject to special rules, including, without limitation:

 

   

banks, insurance companies and other financial institutions;

 

   

United States expatriates and certain former citizens or long-term residents of the United States;

 

   

holders subject to the alternative minimum tax;

 

   

dealers in securities;

 

   

traders in securities;

 

   

partnerships, S corporations or other pass-through entities;

 

   

real estate investment trusts or regulated investment companies;

 

   

U.S. persons (as defined in the Code) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;

 

   

tax-exempt organizations;

 

   

persons holding the notes as part of a “straddle,” “conversion transaction” or other risk reduction transaction; and

 

   

persons deemed to sell the notes under the constructive sale provisions of the Code.

Holders of notes should consult their tax advisors with regard to the application of the tax consequences discussed below to their particular situations as well as the application of any state, local, foreign or other tax laws, including gift and estate tax laws, and any tax treaties.

Exchange Pursuant to the Exchange Offer

The exchange of the outstanding notes for the exchange notes in the exchange offer will not be treated as an “exchange” for U.S. federal income tax purposes because the exchange notes will not be considered to differ materially in kind or extent from the outstanding notes. Accordingly, the exchange of outstanding notes for exchange notes will not be a taxable event to holders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Moreover, the exchange notes will have the same tax attributes as the outstanding notes exchanged therefor and the same tax consequences to holders as the exchange notes have to holders, including without limitation, the same issue price, adjusted issue price, adjusted tax basis and holding period.

 

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

Each broker-dealer that receives exchange notes for its own account pursuant to the exchange offer must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in connection with any resale of such exchange notes. This prospectus, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, may be used by a broker-dealer in connection with resales of exchange notes received in exchange for outstanding notes where such outstanding notes were acquired as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities. We have agreed that, for a period of 180 days after the consummation of the exchange offer, we will make this prospectus, as amended or supplemented, available to any broker-dealer for use in connection with any such resale. In addition, all dealers effecting transactions in the exchange notes may be required to deliver a prospectus.

We will not receive any proceeds from any sale of exchange notes by broker-dealers. Exchange notes received by broker-dealers for their own account pursuant to the exchange offer may be sold from time to time in one or more transactions in the over-the-counter market, in negotiated transactions, through the writing of options on the exchange notes or a combination of such methods of resale, at market prices prevailing at the time of resale, at prices related to such prevailing market prices or negotiated prices. Any such resale may be made directly to purchasers or to or through brokers or dealers who may receive compensation in the form of commissions or concessions from any such broker-dealer or the purchasers of any such exchange notes. Any broker-dealer that resells exchange notes that were received by it for its own account pursuant to the exchange offer and any broker or dealer that participates in a distribution of such exchange notes may be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act and any profit on any such resale of exchange notes and any commission or concessions received by any such persons may be deemed to be underwriting compensation under the Securities Act. The letter of transmittal states that, by acknowledging that it will deliver and by delivering a prospectus, a broker-dealer will not be deemed to admit that it is an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act.

For a period of 180 days after the consummation of the exchange offer, we will promptly send additional copies of this prospectus and any amendment or supplement to this prospectus to any broker-dealer that requests such documents in the letter of transmittal. We have agreed to pay all expenses incident to the exchange offer (including the expenses of one counsel for the holders) other than commissions or concessions of any brokers or dealers and will indemnify the holders (including any broker-dealers) against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

Certain matters will be passed on for us by Bryan Cave LLP and by Greenberg Traurig, P.A. The validity of the exchange notes and guarantees offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Latham & Watkins LLP.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of William Lyon Homes as of December 31, 2012 and for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, have been included herein and in the registration statement in reliance upon the report of KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The report covering the December 31, 2012 consolidated financial statements contains an explanatory paragraph that states that the Company entered into a plan of reorganization and emerged from bankruptcy on February 24, 2012, as discussed in notes 2 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements. As a result of the reorganization, we applied fresh start accounting and the consolidated financial information for periods after the reorganization date is presented on a different cost basis than that for the periods before the reorganization and, therefore, is not comparable.

Our audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2011 and for the two years then ended, included in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement have been so included in reliance upon the report of Windes & McClaughry Accountancy Corporation, an independent registered public accounting firm, upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing in giving said report.

 

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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

     Page  

Audited Financial Statements as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010

  

Consolidated Balance Sheets

     F-4   

Consolidated Statements of Operations

     F-5   

Consolidated Statements of Equity (Deficit)

     F-6   

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

     F-7   

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

     F-9   

Unaudited Financial Statements as of September 30, 2013, for the three months ended September 30, 2013, for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, (unaudited), and as of December 31, 2012 (audited)

  

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

     F-60   

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

     F-61   

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity

     F-62   

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

     F-63   

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

     F-64   

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

William Lyon Homes:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of William Lyon Homes and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2012 (Successor), and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity (deficit) and cash flows for the periods from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 (Predecessor) and February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 (Successor). These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of William Lyon Homes and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 (Successor) and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the periods from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 (Predecessor) and February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 (Successor) in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

As discussed in notes 2 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company entered into a plan of reorganization and emerged from bankruptcy on February 24, 2012. As a result of the reorganization, the Company applied fresh start accounting and the consolidated financial information for periods after the reorganization date is presented on a different cost basis than that for the periods before the reorganization and, therefore, is not comparable.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Irvine, California

March 15, 2013, except for Note 20,

as to which the date is May 30, 2013

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders

William Lyon Homes

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of William Lyon Homes (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2011, and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity (deficit) and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2011. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of William Lyon Homes as of December 31, 2011, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2011, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

As more fully described in Note 2, the Company filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on December 19, 2011 and emerged from bankruptcy on February 24, 2012. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2011 and for the year then ended, which includes the impact of the period from December 19, through December 31, 2011, have been prepared in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 852, Reorganizations. The Company applied debtor in possession reporting for the period described above resulting in a lack of comparability with the prior financial statements.

/s/ W INDES & M C C LAUGHRY

Irvine, California

January 21, 2013

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands except number of shares and par value per share)

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     December 31,  
     2012      2011  
ASSETS        

Cash and cash equivalents — Note 1

   $ 71,075       $ 20,061   

Restricted cash — Note 1

     853         852   

Receivables

     14,789         13,732   

Real estate inventories — Note 7

       

Owned

     421,630         398,534   

Not owned

     39,029         47,408   

Deferred loan costs, net

     7,036         8,810   

Goodwill — Note 8

     14,209         —    

Intangibles, net of accumulated amortization of $5,757 as of December 31, 2012 — Note 9

     4,620         —    

Other assets, net

     7,906         7,554   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 581,147       $ 496,951   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY (DEFICIT)        

Liabilities not subject to compromise

       

Accounts payable

   $ 18,735       $ 1,436   

Accrued expenses

     41,770         2,082   

Liabilities from inventories not owned — Note 15

     39,029         47,408   

Notes payable — Note 10

     13,248         74,009   

Senior Secured Term Loan due January 31, 2015 — Note 10

     —           206,000   

8  1 / 2 % Senior Notes due November 15, 2020 — Note 10

     325,000         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
     437,782         330,935   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities subject to compromise

       

Accounts payable

     —          3,946   

Accrued expenses

     —          48,457   

7  5 / 8 % Senior Notes due December 15, 2012 — Note 10

     —          66,704   

10  3 / 4 % Senior Notes due April 1, 2013 — Note 10

     —          138,912   

7  1 / 2 % Senior Notes due February 15, 2014 — Note 10

     —          77,867   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
     —           335,886   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies — Note 19

       

Redeemable convertible preferred stock — Note 16:

       

Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 80,000,000 shares authorized; 77,005,744 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2012

     71,246         —    

Equity (deficit):

       

William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity (deficit) — Note 17

       

Common stock (Predecessor), par value $0.01 per share; 3,000 shares authorized; 1,000 shares outstanding at December 31, 2011

     —          —    

Common stock, Class A, par value $0.01 per share; 340,000,000 shares authorized; 70,121,378 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2012

     701         —    

Common stock, Class B, par value $0.01 per share; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 31,464,548 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2012

     315         —    

Common stock, Class C, par value $0.01 per share; 120,000,000 shares authorized; 16,020,338 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2012

     160         —    

Common stock, Class D, par value $0.01 per share; 30,000,000 shares authorized; 2,499,293 shares outstanding at December 31, 2012

     25         —    

Additional paid-in capital

     73,113         48,867   

Accumulated deficit

     (11,602      (228,383
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity (deficit)

     62,712         (179,516

Noncontrolling interest — Note 5

     9,407         9,646   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total equity (deficit)

     72,119         (169,870
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity (deficit)

   $ 581,147       $ 496,951   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

 

F-4


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands except number of shares and per share data)

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     Period from
February 25
through
December  31,
2012
     Period from
January 1
through
February  24,
2012
    Year Ended
December 31,
 
       
       
       
        2011     2010  

Operating revenue

           

Home sales

   $ 244,610       $ 16,687      $ 207,055      $ 266,865   

Lots, land and other sales

     104,325         —          —          17,204   

Construction services — Note 1

     23,825         8,883        19,768        10,629   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     372,760         25,570        226,823        294,698   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating costs

           

Cost of sales — homes

     (203,203      (14,598     (184,489     (225,751

Cost of sales — lots, land and other

     (94,786      —          (4,234     (20,426

Impairment loss on real estate assets — Note 7

     —           —          (128,314     (111,860

Construction services — Note 1

     (21,416      (8,223     (18,164     (7,805

Sales and marketing

     (13,928      (1,944     (16,848     (19,746

General and administrative

     (26,095      (3,302     (22,411     (25,129

Amortization of intangible assets — Note 9

     (5,757      —          —          —     

Other

     (2,909      (187     (3,983     (2,740
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     (368,094      (28,254     (378,443     (413,457
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures

     —           —          3,605        916   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

     4,666         (2,684     (148,015     (117,843

(Loss) gain on extinguishment of debt — Note 10

     (1,392      —          —          5,572   

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized — Note 1

     (9,127      (2,507     (24,529     (23,653

Other income, net

     1,528         230        838        57   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss before reorganization items and (provision) benefit from income taxes

     (4,325      (4,961     (171,706     (135,867

Reorganization items, net — Note 4

     (2,525      233,458        (21,182     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income before (provision) benefit from income taxes

     (6,850      228,497        (192,888     (135,867

(Provision) benefit from income taxes — Note 13

     (11      —          (10     412   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income

     (6,861      228,497        (192,898     (135,455

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

     (1,998      (114     (432     (1,331
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income attributable to William Lyon Homes

     (8,859      228,383        (193,330     (136,786

Preferred stock dividends

     (2,743      —          —          —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income available to common stockholders

   $ (11,602    $ 228,383      $ (193,330   $ (136,786
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income per common share, basic and diluted

   $ (0.11    $ 228,383      $ (193,330   $ (136,786

Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted

     103,037,842         1,000        1,000        1,000   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

 

F-5


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (DEFICIT)

(in thousands)

 

     William Lyon Homes Stockholders     Non-
Controlling
Interest
    Total  
   Common Stock      Additional
Paid-In
Capital
    Retained
Earnings
(Accumulated
Deficit)
     
           
           
   Shares     Amount           

Balance — December 31, 2009 (Predecessor)

     1      $ —        $ 48,867      $ 101,733      $ 7,599      $ 158,199   

Cash contributions to members of consolidated entities

     —          —                     —          6,546        6,546   

Cash distributions to members of consolidated entities

     —          —                     —          (3,913     (3,913

Net (loss) income

                                    (136,786     1,331        (135,455
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance — December 31, 2010 (Predecessor)

     1        —           48,867        (35,053     11,563        25,377   

Cash contributions to members of consolidated entities

     —          —                     —          6,605        6,605   

Cash distributions to members of consolidated entities

                                              (8,954 )       (8,954

Net (loss) income

                                    (193,330 )       432        (192,898
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance — December 31, 2011 (Predecessor)

     1        —           48,867        (228,383     9,646        (169,870

Cash contributions to members of consolidated entities

                                    —          1,825        1,825   

Cash distributions to members of consolidated entities

     —          —           —          —          (1,897     (1,897

Net (loss) income

     —          —           —          (7,201     114        (7,087
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance — February 24, 2012 (Predecessor)

     1        —           48,867        (235,584     9,688        (177,029

Cancellation of predecessor common stock

     (1     —           —          —          —          —     

Plan of reorganization and fresh start valuation adjustments

     —          —           —          186,717        (1,588     185,129   

Elimination of predecessor accumulated deficit

     —          —           (48,867     48,867        —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance — February 24, 2012 (Predecessor)

     —          —           —          —          8,100        8,100   

Issuance of new common stock in connection with emergence from Chapter 11

     92,368        924         43,191        —          —          44,115   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance — February 24, 2012 (Successor)

     92,368        924         43,191        —         8,100        52,215   

Net (loss) income

     —          —           —          (8,859     1,998        (6,861

Cash contributions to members of consolidated entities

     —          —                     —          15,313        15,313   

Cash distributions to members of consolidated entities

     —          —           —          —          (16,004     (16,004

Issuance of common stock

     25,239        252         26,248        —          —          26,500   

Issuance of restricted stock

     2,499        25         (25     —          —          —     

Stock based compensation

     —          —           3,699        —          —          3,699   

Preferred stock dividends

     —          —           —          (2,743     —          (2,743
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance — December 31, 2012 (Successor)

     120,106      $ 1,201       $ 73,113      $ (11,602   $ 9,407      $ 72,119   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

 

F-6


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

 

    Successor     Predecessor  
  Period from
February 25
through
December  31,
2012
    Period from
January 1
through
February  24,
2012
    Year Ended
December 31,
 
      2011     2010  

Operating activities

         

Net (loss) income

  $ (6,861   $ 228,497      $ (192,898   $ (135,455

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

         

Depreciation and amortization

    6,631        586        3,875        3,718   

Impairment loss on real estate assets

    —          —          128,314        111,860   

Stock based compensation expense

    3,699        —          —          —     

Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures

    —          —          (3,605     (916

Loss on sale of fixed asset

    —          —          83        122   

Reorganization items:

         

Cancellation of debt

    —          (298,831     —          —     

Plan implementation and fresh start adjustments

    —          49,302        —          —     

Write-off of deferred loan costs

    —          8,258        —          —     

Accrued professional fees

    —          —          1,000        —     

Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt

    1,104        —          —          (5,572

Net changes in operating assets and liabilities:

         

Restricted cash

    (1     —          (211     3,711   

Receivables

    (2,924     941        4,767        (2,205

Income tax refunds receivable

    —          —          —          107,401   

Real estate inventories — owned

    30,256        (7,047     18,151        (66,317

Real estate inventories — not owned

    7,129        1,250        —          —     

Other assets

    605        206        (4,422     15,898   

Accounts payable

    7,706        4,618        (1,522     (4,142

Accrued expenses

    9,778        (3,851     7,817        (3,984

Liabilities from real estate inventories not owned

    (7,129     (1,250     —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

    49,993        (17,321     (38,651     24,119   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investing activities

         

Investment in and advances to unconsolidated joint ventures

    —          —          —          (194

Distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures

    —          —          1,435        4,183   

Cash paid for acquisitions, net

    (33,201     —          —          —     

Purchases of property and equipment

    (312     —          (128     (64
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

    (33,513     —          1,307        3,925   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-7


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS—(Continued)

(in thousands)

 

    Successor     Predecessor  
  Period from
February 25
through
December  31,
2012
    Period from
January 1
through
February  24,
2012
    Year Ended
December 31,
 
      2011     2010  

Financing activities

         

Proceeds from borrowings on notes payable

    13,248        —           —           7,087   

Proceeds from issuance of 8 1/2% Senior Notes

    325,000        —           —           —      

Principal payments on notes payable

    (73,676     (616     (11,532     (52,797

Principal payments on Senior Secured Term Loan

    (235,000     —           —           —      

Principal payments on Senior Subordinated Secured Notes

    (75,916     —           —           —      

Proceeds from reorganization

    —           30,971        —           —      

Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred stock

    14,000        50,000        —           —      

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

    16,000        —           —           —      

Proceeds from debtor in possession financing

    —           5,000        —           —      

Principal payment of debtor in possession financing

    —           (5,000     —           —      

Payment of deferred loan costs

    (7,181     (2,491     —           —      

Net cash paid for repurchase of Senior Notes

    —           —           —           (31,268

Payment of preferred stock dividends

    (1,721     —           —           —      

Noncontrolling interest contributions

    15,313        1,825        6,605        6,546   

Noncontrolling interest distributions

    (16,004     (1,897     (8,954     (3,913
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

    (25,937     77,792        (13,881     (74,345
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

    (9,457     60,471        (51,225     (46,301

Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of period

    80,532        20,061        71,286        117,587   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents — end of period

  $ 71,075      $ 80,532      $ 20,061      $ 71,286   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures:

         

Cash paid for professional fees relating to the reorganization

  $ 3,228      $ 7,813      $ 20,182      $ —      
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:

         

Issuance of common stock related to land acquisition

  $ 10,500      $ —         $ —         $ —      
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Land contributed in lieu of cash for common stock

  $ —         $ 4,029      $ —         $ —      
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Distributions of real estate from unconsolidated joint ventures

  $ —         $ —         $ 800      $ —      
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accretion of payable in kind dividends on convertible preferred stock

  $ 860      $ —         $ —         $ —      
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Preferred stock dividends, accrued

  $ 162      $ —         $ —         $ —      
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net change in real estate inventories—not owned and liabilities from inventories not owned

  $ —         $ —         $ 7,862      $ 10,652   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Note payable issued in conjunction with land acquisition

  $ —         $ —         $ 55,000      $ —      
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

 

F-8


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

Operations

William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation (“Parent” and together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”), are primarily engaged in designing, constructing and selling single family detached and attached homes in California, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado (under the Village Homes brand).

Basis of Presentation

We applied the accounting under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 852 (“ASC 852”), “Reorganizations,” as of February 24, 2012 (see Note 3). Therefore, our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2012, which is referred to as that of the “Successor”, includes adjustments resulting from the reorganization and application of ASC 852 and is not comparable to our balance sheet as of December 31, 2011, which is referred to as that of the “Predecessor”. References to the “Successor” in the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto refer to the Company after giving effect to the reorganization and application of ASC 852. References to the “Predecessor” refer to the Company prior to the reorganization and application of ASC 852.

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of the assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and revenues and expenses for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. The significant accounting policies using estimates include real estate inventories and cost of sales, impairment of real estate inventories, warranty reserves, loss contingencies, sales and profit recognition, accounting for variable interest entities, and fresh start accounting. The current economic environment increases the uncertainty inherent in these estimates and assumptions.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries and joint ventures, and certain joint ventures and other entities which have been determined to be variable interest entities in which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary (see Note 5). The accounting policies of the joint ventures are substantially the same as those of the Company. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Real Estate Inventories

Real estate inventories are carried at cost net of impairment losses, if any. Real estate inventories consist primarily of land deposits, land and land under development, homes completed and under construction, and model homes. All direct and indirect land costs, offsite and onsite improvements and applicable interest and other carrying charges are capitalized to real estate projects during periods when the project is under development. Land, offsite costs and all other common costs are allocated to land parcels benefited based upon relative fair values before construction. Onsite construction costs and related carrying charges (principally interest and property taxes) are allocated to the individual homes within a phase based upon the relative sales value of the homes. The Company relieves its accumulated real estate inventories through cost of sales for the estimated cost of homes sold. Selling expenses and other marketing costs are expensed in the period incurred. A provision for warranty costs relating to the Company’s limited warranty plans is included in cost of sales and accrued expenses at the time the sale of a home is recorded. The Company generally reserves approximately one to one and one quarter percent of the sales price of its homes against the possibility of future charges relating to its one-year limited warranty and similar potential claims. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the

 

F-9


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

number of homes under warranty, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and cost per claim. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the amounts as necessary. Changes in the Company’s warranty liability for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011and 2010 are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     Period from
February 25
through
December 31,

2012
     Period from
January 1
through
February 24,

2012
    Year Ended
December  31,
 
        2011     2010  

Warranty liability, beginning of period

   $ 14,000       $ 14,314      $ 16,341      $ 21,365   

Warranty provision during period

     2,731         187        2,380        2,574   

Warranty payments during period

     (3,216      (845     (4,699     (8,277

Warranty charges related to pre-existing warranties during period

     802         199        292        679   

Fresh start adjustment

     —            145        —           —      
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Warranty liability, end of period

   $ 14,317       $ 14,000      $ 14,314      $ 16,341   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest incurred under the Company’s debt obligations, as more fully discussed in Note 10, is capitalized to qualifying real estate projects under development. Any additional interest charges related to real estate projects not under development are expensed in the period incurred. Interest activity for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011and 2010 are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     Period from
February 25
through
December 31,

2012
     Period from
January 1
through
February 24,

2012
    Year Ended
December 31,
 
          2011     2010  

Interest incurred

   $ 30,526       $ 7,145      $ 61,464      $ 62,791   

Less: Interest capitalized

     (21,399      (4,638     (36,935     (39,138
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

   $ 9,127       $ 2,507      $ 24,529      $ 23,653   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest

   $ 26,560       $ 8,924      $ 48,018      $ 59,748   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Construction Services

The Company accounts for construction management agreements using the Percentage of Completion Method in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 605 Revenue Recognition (“ASC 605”). Under ASC 605, the Company records revenues and expenses as a contracted project progresses, and based on the percentage of costs incurred to date compared to the total estimated costs of the contract.

The Company entered into construction management agreements to build, sell and market homes in certain communities. For such services, the Company will receive fees (generally 3 to 5 percent of the sales price, as defined) and may, under certain circumstances, receive additional compensation if certain financial thresholds are achieved.

 

F-10


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Financial Instruments

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk are primarily cash investments, receivables, and deposits. The Company typically places its cash investments in investment grade short-term instruments. Deposits, included in other assets, are due from municipalities or utility companies and are generally collected from such entities through fees assessed to other developers. The Company is an issuer of, or subject to, financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business which exposes it to credit risks. These financial instruments include letters of credit and obligations in connection with assessment district bonds. These off-balance sheet financial instruments are described in more detail in Note 19.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Short-term investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased are considered cash equivalents. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents balance exceeds federally insurable limits as of December 31, 2012 and 2011. The Company monitors the cash balances in its operating accounts and adjusts the cash balances as appropriate; however, these cash balances could be negatively impacted if the underlying financial institutions fail or are subject to other adverse conditions in the financial markets. To date, the Company has experienced no loss or lack of access to cash in its operating accounts.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists of deposits made by the Company to a bank account as collateral for the use of letters of credit to guarantee the Company’s financial obligations under certain other contractual arrangements in the normal course of business.

Deferred Loan Costs

Deferred loan costs represent debt issuance cost and are primarily amortized to interest expense using the straight line method which approximates the effective interest method.

Goodwill

In accordance with the provisions of ASC 350, Intangibles, Goodwill and Other , goodwill amounts are not amortized, but rather are analyzed for impairment at the reporting segment level. Goodwill is analyzed on an annual basis, or when indicators of impairment exist. We have determined that we have five reporting segments, as discussed in Note 6, and we will perform an annual goodwill impairment analysis during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, with the first annual testing carried out in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2012.

Intangible Assets

Recorded intangible assets primarily relate to construction management contracts, homes in backlog, and joint venture management fee contracts recorded in conjunction with ASC 852. Such assets were valued based on expected cash flows related to home closings, and the asset is amortized on a per unit basis, as homes under the contracts close.

Income (loss) per common share

The Company computes income (loss) per common share in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share , which requires income (loss) per common share for each class of stock to be calculated using the two-class method. The two-class method is an allocation of income (loss) between the holders of common stock and a company’s participating security holders.

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Basic income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. For purposes of determining diluted income (loss) per common share, basic income (loss) per common share is further adjusted to include the effect of potential dilutive common shares outstanding.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board ASC 740 , Income Taxes, using an asset and liability approach. Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards measured by applying currently enacted tax laws. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce net deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized. ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement criteria for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be considered “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company has taken positions in certain taxing jurisdictions for which it is more likely than not that previously unrecognized tax benefits will be recognized. In addition, the Company has elected to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in the income tax provision.

Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs. This ASU represents the converged guidance of the FASB and the IASB (the Boards) on fair value measurement and results in common requirements for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements, including a consistent meaning of the term “fair value.” Our adoption of these new provisions of ASU 2011-04 on January 1, 2012 did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In 2012, the FASB issued ASU 2012-02, Intangibles – Good will and Other (Topic 350): Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment . The amendments permit an entity first to assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test in accordance with Subtopic 350-30. Previous guidance required an entity to test indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, on at least an annual basis, by comparing the fair value of the asset with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an entity should recognize an impairment loss in the amount of that excess. An entity has the option not to calculate annually the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset if the entity determines that it is not more likely than not that the asset is impaired. For the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company did not elect to use qualitative assessment option permitted by this amendment; however, the Company anticipates using the qualitative assessment option in future periods.

Reclassifications

Certain balances on the financial statements and certain amounts presented in the notes have been reclassified in order to conform to current year presentation.

Note 2—Emergence from Chapter 11

On December 19, 2011, William Lyon Homes (the “Company”) and certain of its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions, under chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code, as

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

amended (the “Chapter 11 Petitions”), in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the “Bankruptcy Court”) to seek approval of the Prepackaged Joint Plan of Reorganization (the “Plan”) of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries. The Chapter 11 Petitions were jointly administered under the caption In re William Lyon Homes, et al. , Case No. 11-14019 (the “Chapter 11 Cases”). The sole purpose of the Chapter 11 Cases was to restructure the Company’s debt obligations and strengthen its balance sheet.

On February 10, 2012, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed the Plan. On February 24, 2012, the Company and its subsidiaries consummated the principal transactions contemplated by the Plan, including:

 

   

the issuance of 44,793,255 shares of the Company’s new Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share (“Class A Common Stock”) and $75 million aggregate principal amount of 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due 2017 (“Second Lien Notes”) issued by the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, William Lyon Homes, Inc. (“Borrower”) in exchange for the claims held by the holders of the formerly outstanding notes of Borrower;

 

   

the amendment of the Borrower’s loan agreement with ColFin WLH Funding, LLC and certain other lenders which resulted, among other things, in the increase in the principal amount outstanding under the loan agreement, the reduction in the interest rate payable under the loan agreement, and the elimination of any prepayment penalty under the loan agreement;

 

   

the issuance, in exchange for cash and land deposits of $25 million, of 31,464,548 shares of the Company’s new Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share (“Class B Common Stock”) and warrants to purchase 15,737,294 shares of Class B Common Stock;

 

   

the issuance of 64,831,831 shares of Parent’s new Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or Convertible Preferred Stock, for $50.0 million in cash, and 12,966,366 shares of Parent’s new Class C Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share or Class C Common Stock, for $10.0 million in cash. The aggregate cash consideration of $60 million was apportioned between Common and Preferred in accordance with the Plan; and

 

   

the issuance of an additional 3,144,000 shares of Class C Common Stock to Luxor Capital Group LP as a transaction fee in consideration for providing the backstop commitment of the offering of shares of Class C Common Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock in connection with the Plan.

Note 3—Fresh Start Accounting and Effects of the Plan

As required by U.S. GAAP, effective as of February 24, 2012, we adopted fresh start accounting following the guidance of ASC 852. Fresh start accounting results in the Company becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, our consolidated financial statements for periods prior to February 25, 2012 are not comparable to consolidated financial statements presented on or after February 25, 2012. Fresh start accounting was required upon emergence from Chapter 11 because holders of voting shares immediately before confirmation of the Plan received less than 50% of the emerging entity and the reorganization value of our assets immediately before confirmation of our Plan was less than our post-petition liabilities and allowed claims. Fresh start accounting results in a new basis of accounting and reflects the allocation of our estimated fair value to underlying assets and liabilities. Our estimates of fair value are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies beyond our reasonable control. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the estimates, assumptions, valuations, appraisals and financial projections will be realized, and actual results could vary materially. Moreover, the market value of our common stock may differ materially from the equity valuation for accounting purposes under ASC 852. In addition, the cancellation of debt income and the allocation of the attribute reduction for tax purposes is an estimate and will not be finalized until the 2012 tax return is filed. Any change resulting from this estimate could impact deferred taxes.

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Under ASC 852, the Successor Company must determine a value to be assigned to the equity of the emerging company as of the date of adoption of fresh-start accounting, which was February 24, 2012 for the Company, the date the Debtors emerged from Chapter 11. To facilitate the adoption of fresh start accounting, the Company engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist with assessing enterprise value, and the allocation of value to the assets and liabilities of the Company. To calculate enterprise value, the Company used a discounted cash flow analysis, considering a weighted average cost of capital of 16.5%, and utilized a Gordon Growth model with a 3.0% growth rate to calculate terminal value. The analysis resulted in an enterprise value of $485.0 million, which was used as the enterprise value for fresh start accounting. The Company’s total debt was valued at $384.5 million, which consists of the following:

 

   

$6.3 million related to a construction note payable with an outstanding principal amount of $6.5 million, which reflects an adjustment of $(0.2) million. The Company discounted the contractual interest and principal payments using a risk adjusted rate of 12.5%.

 

   

$56.3 million related to a construction note payable with an outstanding principal amount of $55.0 million, which reflects an adjustment of $1.3 million. The Company discounted the contractual interest and principal payments using a risk adjusted rate of 12.5%.

 

   

$2.9 million related to a seller note arrangement that matured on March 1, 2012, 6 days after the plan of reorganization was approved. The payment was made in full, therefore the value of the note was the amount paid.

 

   

The remaining debt that was renegotiated as part of the Company’s plan of reorganization, consists of a construction note payable of $9.0 million, the $235.0 million Senior Secured Term Loan and the $75.0 million Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due 2017. In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures , fair value is defined as, “the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date”. As these debt amounts were negotiated as part of the reorganization by market participants, their carrying value at that date is representative of fair value.

The enterprise value of the Company was $485.0 million, which includes $384.5 million fair value of debt, as detailed above, and $100.5 million of equity value. The value of each type of equity security was determined using an option pricing model used in accordance with ASC 718, Valuation of Stock Compensation, and treated the redeemable convertible preferred stock, the common stock and the common stock warrants as separate securities. Based on the rights and preferences of each security, the Company valued each security based on a series of five events:

 

  (i) liquidation preference of the redeemable convertible preferred stock,

 

  (ii) timing of participation of Class A and B shares of common stock,

 

  (iii) timing of participation of Class C shares of common stock,

 

  (iv) conversion of preferred shares into common shares, and

 

  (v) exercise of warrants

The Company used an option pricing model and the relative rights of the securities to allocate the $100.5 million among the redeemable convertible preferred stock, the common stock and the warrants. Each security was valued based on the relative rights and preferences and a three year term to liquidity event, volatility of 59% based on public company comparables, a risk free rate of .43% based on a three year treasury rate. In addition, the redeemable convertible preferred stock has a dividend yield of 6% and the common stock and warrants have a discount for lack of marketability of 38%. Based on these inputs and the assumptions, the redeemable

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

convertible preferred stock was valued at $56.4 million, the common stock was valued at $43.1 million and the warrants were valued at $1.0 million.

The estimated enterprise value and the equity value are highly dependent on the achievement of the future financial results contemplated in the projections that were set forth in the disclosure statement to the Plan. The estimates and assumptions made in the valuation are inherently subject to significant uncertainties. The primary assumptions for which there is a reasonable possibility of the occurrence of a variation that would have significantly affected the reorganization value include the assumptions regarding the number of homes sold and homes closed, average sales prices, operating expenses, the amount and timing of construction costs and the discount rate utilized.

Fresh-start accounting reflects the value of the Successor as determined in the confirmed Plan. Under fresh-start accounting, asset values are remeasured and allocated based on their respective fair values in conformity with the purchase method of accounting for business combinations in FASB ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations” (“FASB ASC 805”). Liabilities existing as of February 24, 2012, the Effective Date, other than deferred taxes, were recorded at the present value of amounts expected to be paid using appropriate risk adjusted interest rates. Deferred taxes were determined in conformity with applicable accounting standards. Predecessor accumulated depreciation, accumulated amortization and retained deficit were eliminated.

In conjunction with the adoption of fresh start accounting, certain intangible assets including, the value of the Company’s homes in backlog, construction management contracts and joint venture management fee contracts were recorded at their estimated fair values as of February 24, 2012 in the amount of $9.5 million. The Company’s backlog was valued using the With/Without Method of the Income Approach to estimate the fair value of the backlog. This asset is amortized on a straight line basis, as homes that were in backlog as of February 24, 2012, are closed or the contract is cancelled.

The construction management contracts and joint venture management fee contracts were valued using the Multi-period Excess Earnings method of the Income Approach to estimate the fair value. Since these assets are valued based on expected cash flows related to home closings, the asset is amortized on a straight line basis, as homes under the contracts close.

The following fresh start consolidated balance sheet presents the implementation of the Plan and the adoption of fresh start accounting as of the Effective Date. Reorganization adjustments have been recorded within the consolidated balance sheet to reflect the effects of the Plan, including discharge of liabilities subject to compromise and the adoption of fresh start accounting in accordance with ASC 852.

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands except number of shares and par value per share)

 

     February 24, 2012  
     Predecessor     Plan of
Reorganization
Adjustments
    Fresh Start
Accounting
Adjustments
    Successor  
ASSETS         

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 12,787      $ 67,746 (a)    $ —        $ 80,533   

Restricted cash

     852        —          —          852   

Receivables

     12,790        —          (996 )(m)      11,794   

Real estate inventories

        

Owned

     405,632        4,029 (b)      (1,198 )(n)      408,463   

Not owned

     46,158        —          —          46,158   

Property & equipment, net

     962        —          (421 )(o)      541   

Deferred loan costs

     8,258        (5,767 )(c)      —          2,491   

Goodwill

     —          —          14,209 (p)      14,209   

Intangibles

     —          —          9,470 (q)      9,470   

Other assets

     6,307        47 (d)      —          6,354   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 493,746      $ 66,055      $ 21,064      $ 580,865   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY (DEFICIT)         

Liabilities not subject to compromise

        

Accounts payable

   $ 10,000      $ —        $ —        $ 10,000   

Accrued expenses

     31,391        —          221 (r)      31,612   

Liabilities from inventories not owned

     46,158        —          —          46,158   

Notes payable

     78,394        (5,000 )(f)      1,100 (s)      74,494   

Senior Secured Term Loan due January 31, 2015

     206,000        29,000 (g)      —          235,000   

Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due February 25, 2017

     —          75,000 (h)      —          75,000   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     371,943        99,000        1,321        472,264   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities subject to compromise

        

Accrued expenses

     15,297        (15,297 )(e)      —          —     

7 5 / 8 % Senior Notes due December 15, 2012

     66,704        (66,704 )(e)      —          —     

10 3 / 4 % Senior Notes due April 1, 2013

     138,964        (138,964 )(e)      —          —     

7 1 / 2 % Senior Notes due February 15, 2014

     77,867        (77,867 )(e)      —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     298,832        (298,832     —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

     —          56,386 (i)      —          56,386   

Equity (deficit):

        

William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity (deficit)

        

Common stock, Class A

     —          448 (j)      —          448   

Common stock, Class B

     —          315 (j)      —          315   

Common stock, Class C

     —          161 (j)      —          161   

Additional paid-in capital

     48,867        (21,177 )(k)      15,501 (t)      43,191   

Accumulated deficit

     (235,584     229,754 (l)      5,830 (u)      —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total William Lyon Homes stockholder’s equity (deficit)

     (186,717     209,501        21,331        44,115   

Noncontrolling interest

     9,688        —          (1,588 )(v)      8,100   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity (deficit)

     (177,029     209,501        19,743        52,215   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity (deficit)

   $ 493,746      $ 66,055      $ 21,064      $ 580,865   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Notes to Plan of Reorganization and Fresh Start Accounting Adjustments:

 

a Reflects net cash received of $81.0 million from the issuance of new equity, reduced by the repayment of DIP financing of $5.2 million, payment of financing fees of $2.6 million and other reorganization related costs of $5.4 million.

 

b Reflects contribution of land option deposit in lieu of cash for Class B Common Stock.

 

c Reflects the write-off of the remaining deferred loan costs of the Old Notes net of capitalization of deferred loan costs related to the Amended Term Loan.

 

d Reflects prepaid property taxes to obtain title insurance for the second lien notes. Deferred tax assets are not reflected on the balance sheet as they have been fully reserved.

 

e Reflects the extinguishment of liabilities subject to compromise (“LSTC”) at emergence. LSTC was comprised of $283.5 million of Old Notes and $15.3 million of related accrued interest. The holders of the Old Notes received Class A common stock of the Successor entity.

 

f Reflects repayment of amounts outstanding under the DIP Credit Agreement pursuant to the Plan.

 

g Reflects the additional principal added to the Amended Term Loan, in accordance with the Plan.

 

h Reflects the issuance of Senior Subordinated Secured Notes of $75.0 million, in accordance with the Plan.

 

i Reflects the fair value of the Convertible Preferred Stock issued pursuant to the Plan. The fair value of the total residual equity interest of $100.5 million was determined based on the enterprise value of $485.0 million determined as of the date of the plan, less the $384.5 million fair value of Long-Term debt. Cash received for the convertible preferred was $50.0 million, however as discussed previously, the Company valued the redeemable convertible preferred stock at $56.4 million.

 

j Reflects the issuance of 92.4 million total shares in new common stock at $0.01 par value and the extinguishment of 1,000 shares ($0.01 par) of Old Common Stock, in accordance with the plan (see Note 2 for allocation of shares).

 

k Reflects the elimination of $48.9 million of additional paid-in capital (“APIC”) relating to Old Common Stock, offset by $27.7 million of net cash received from the issuance of the Class B and Class C shares of common stock.

 

l Reflects the elimination of $235.6 million of accumulated deficit of the Predecessor company in addition to the net impact of Plan adjustments to assets, liabilities and stockholder’s equity.

 

m Reflects adjustment of $1.0 million to notes receivable with a book value of $6.2 million to fair value of $5.2 million using the discounted cash flow approach. The Company discounted the future interest to be received at a discount rate of 10%, which is above the stated rate of the note.

 

n Reflects adjustment of $1.2 million to real estate inventory using the discounted cash flow approach. The Company used project forecasts and an unlevered discount rate of 20% to arrive at fair value. Certain projects that are held for future development were valued on an “As-Is” Basis using market comparables.

 

o Reflects adjustment of $0.4 million to property and equipment with a book value of $1.0 million to fair value of $ $0.6 million, based on the estimated sales value of the assets determined on an “As Is” Basis using market comparables.

 

p Goodwill represents the excess of enterprise value upon emergence over fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired.

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

q Reflects identifiable intangible assets comprised of $4.6 million relating to construction management contracts, $4.0 million relating to homes in backlog, and $0.8 million relating to joint venture management fees. The value of the construction management contracts and the joint venture management fees was estimated using the discounted cash flows of each related project at a discount rate ranging from 17% to 19%. The value of the backlog contracts was determined using the With/Without method of the income approach and the expected closing date of the home in backlog and the contracted sales price of the home.

 

r Reflects adjustments to warranty and construction defect litigation liabilities which were valued based on the estimated costs of warranty spending on homes previously closed plus an estimated margin of 9.4%, plus a reasonable margin required to transfer the liability or to fulfill the obligation.

 

s Reflects adjustment of one note payable of $(0.2) million, with a book value of $6.5 million to a fair value of $6.3 million. The Company used a discounted cash flow on contracted interest and principal to be received and a risk adjusted discount rate of 12.5%. Also reflects adjustment of one note payable of $1.3 million, with a book value of $55.0 million to a fair value of $56.3 million. The Company used a discounted cash flow on contracted interest and principal to be received and a risk adjusted discount rate of 12.5%.

 

t Reflects the adjustment to a combined common stock and warrants value of $44.1 million for the calculation of fair value under the provisions of fresh start accounting, based on the remaining residual equity interest of $100.5 million, as discussed in note (i) above, less the allocation to convertible preferred of $56.4 million, as also discussed in note (i).

 

u Reflects the elimination of a balance in accumulated deficit of $5.8 million to reduce any accumulated deficit or retained earnings in conjunction with fresh start accounting, which requires the successor entity to begin with a zero balance in retained earnings.

 

v Reflects adjustment of $1.6 million to minority interest in a consolidated entity with a book value of $9.7 million to fair value of $8.1 million. The Company used a discounted cash flow approach to the project and the estimated cash to be distributed to the minority member of the entity, using a discount rate of 17.8%.

Reconciliation of enterprise value to the reorganized value of the Company’s assets and determination of goodwill (in thousands):

 

Total enterprise value

   $ 485,000   

Add: liabilities (excluding debt and equity)

     87,765   

Add: noncontrolling interest

     8,100   
  

 

 

 

Reorganization value of assets

     580,865   

Fair value of assets (excluding goodwill)

     566,656   
  

 

 

 

Reorganization value in excess of fair value (goodwill)

   $ 14,209   
  

 

 

 

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Note 4—Reorganization Items

In accordance with authoritative accounting guidance issued by the FASB, separate disclosure is required for reorganization items, such as certain expenses, provisions for losses and other charges directly associated with or resulting from the reorganization and restructuring of the business, which have been realized or incurred during the Chapter 11 Cases. Reorganization items were comprised of the following (in thousands):

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     Period from
February 25
through

December 31,
2012
     Period from
January 1
through

February 24,
2012
             
          Year Ended
December 31,
 
          2011     2010  

Cancellation of debt

   $ —          $ 298,831      $ —         $ —     

Plan implementation and fresh start valuation adjustments

     —            (49,302     —           —     

Professional fees

     (2,525      (7,813     (21,182     —     

Write-off of Old Notes deferred loan costs

     —            (8,258     —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total reorganization items, net

   $ (2,525    $ 233,458      $ (21,182   $ —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Note 5—Variable Interest Entities and Noncontrolling Interests

The Company accounts for variable interest entities in accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation (“ASC 810”). Under ASC 810, a variable interest entity (“VIE”) is created when: (a) the equity investment at risk in the entity is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support provided by other parties, including the equity holders; (b) the entity’s equity holders as a group either (i) lack the direct or indirect ability to make decisions about the entity, (ii) are not obligated to absorb expected losses of the entity or (iii) do not have the right to receive expected residual returns of the entity; or (c) the entity’s equity holders have voting rights that are not proportionate to their economic interests, and the activities of the entity involve or are conducted on behalf of the equity holder with disproportionately few voting rights. If an entity is deemed to be a VIE pursuant to ASC 810, the enterprise that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity or right to receive benefits from the entity that could be potentially significant to the VIE is considered the primary beneficiary and must consolidate the VIE. In accordance with ASC 810, we perform ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE.

Joint Ventures

As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company had two and one joint ventures, respectively, which were deemed to be VIEs under ASC 810 for which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary. The Company manages the joint ventures, by using its sales, development and operations teams and has significant control over these projects and therefore the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the joint venture’s performance, in addition to being obligated to absorb expected losses or receive benefits from the joint venture, and therefore the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of these VIEs.

These joint ventures are each engaged in homebuilding and land development activities. Certain of these joint ventures have not obtained construction financing from outside lenders, but are financing their activities through equity contributions from each of the joint venture partners. The Company has no rights, nor does the Company have any obligation with respect to the liabilities of the VIEs, and none of the Company’s assets serve

 

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Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

as collateral for the creditors of these VIEs. The assets of the joint ventures are the sole collateral for the liabilities of the joint ventures and as such, the creditors and equity investors of these joint ventures have no recourse to assets of the Company held outside of these joint ventures. Creditors of these VIEs have no recourse against the general credit of the Company. The liabilities of each VIE are restricted to the assets of each VIE. Additionally, the creditors of the Company have no access to the assets of the VIEs. Income allocations and cash distributions to the Company are based on predetermined formulas between the Company and their joint venture partners as specified in the applicable partnership or operating agreements. The Company generally receives, after partners’ priority returns and return of partners’ capital, approximately 50% of the profits and cash flows from the joint ventures.

During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company formed a joint venture, Lyon Branches, LLC, for the purpose of land development and homebuilding activities. The Company, as the managing member, has the power to direct the activities of the VIE since it manages the daily operations and has exposure to the risks and rewards of the VIE, as based on the division of income and loss per the joint venture agreement. Therefore, the Company is the primary beneficiary of the joint venture, and the VIE was consolidated as of December 31, 2012.

As of December 31, 2012, the assets of the consolidated VIEs totaled $24.7 million, of which $1.1 million was cash and $20.4 was real estate inventories. The liabilities of the consolidated VIEs totaled $6.4 million, primarily comprised of accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The Company recorded a $1.6 million valuation adjustment to the noncontrolling interest account on one VIE in accordance with the adoption of ASC 852.

As of December 31, 2011, the assets of the consolidated VIEs totaled $14.0 million, of which $2.1 million was cash and $8.7 million was real estate inventories. The liabilities of the consolidated VIEs totaled $1.3 million, primarily comprised of accounts payable and accrued liabilities.

Note 6—Segment Information

The Company operates one principal homebuilding business. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280”), the Company has determined that each of its operating divisions is an operating segment.

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s Executive Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer have been identified as the chief operating decision makers. The Company’s chief operating decision makers direct the allocation of resources to operating segments based on the profitability and cash flows of each respective segment.

The Company’s homebuilding operations design, construct and sell a wide range of homes designed to meet the specific needs in each of its markets. In accordance with the aggregation criteria defined by ASC 280, the Company’s homebuilding operating segments have been grouped into five reportable segments: Southern California, consisting of an operating division with operations in Orange, Los Angeles, San Bernardino and San Diego counties; Northern California, consisting of an operating division with operations in Contra Costa, Sacramento, San Joaquin, Santa Clara, Solano and Placer counties; Arizona, consisting of operations in the Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area; Nevada, consisting of operations in the Las Vegas, Nevada metropolitan area; and Colorado, consisting of operations in the Denver, Colorado metropolitan area, Fort Collins, and Granby, Colorado. Colorado does not meet the quantitative requirements for segment reporting per ASC 280, however management believes that information about the segment is useful to readers of the financial statements.

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Corporate develops and implements strategic initiatives and supports the Company’s operating divisions by centralizing key administrative functions such as finance and treasury, information technology, risk management and litigation and human resources.

Segment financial information relating to the Company’s operations was as follows (in thousands):

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
     Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
     Year Ended December 31,  
           2011      2010  

Operating revenue:

           

Southern California

   $ 116,619       $ 7,759       $ 130,737       $ 206,241   

Northern California

     154,684         11,014         54,141         56,095   

Arizona

     58,714         4,316         20,074         16,595   

Nevada

     37,307         2,481         21,871         15,767   

Colorado

     5,436         —           —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total operating revenue

   $ 372,760       $ 25,570       $ 226,823       $ 294,698   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     Period from
February 25
through
December 31,

2012
     Period from
January 1
through
February 24,

2012
    Year Ended December 31,  
          2011     2010  

(Loss) income before (provision) benefit from income taxes:

         

Southern California

   $ 3,345       $ (19,131   $ (26,406   $ (83,176

Northern California

     16,179         6,195        (6,307     (41

Arizona

     2,073         9,928        (95,184     (26,887

Nevada

     (1,146      (1,738     (30,500     (21,449

Colorado

     130         —          —          —     

Corporate

     (27,431      233,243        (34,491     (4,314
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income before (provision)
benefit from income taxes

   $ (6,850    $ 228,497      $ (192,888   $ (135,867
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income before (provision) benefit from income taxes includes the following pretax inventory impairment charges recorded in the following segments (in thousands):

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
     Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
     Year Ended
December 31,
2011
     Year Ended
December 31,
2010
 

Southern California

   $ —         $ —         $ 17,962       $ 70,801   

Northern California

     —           —           2,074         3,103   

Arizona

     —           —           87,607         22,409   

Nevada

     —           —           20,671         15,547   

Colorado

     —           —           —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total impairment loss on real estate assets

   $ —         $ —         $ 128,314       $ 111,860   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     December 31,  
     2012      2011  

Homebuilding assets:

     

Southern California

   $ 195,688       $ 182,781   

Northern California

     31,293         105,298   

Arizona

     173,847         129,920   

Nevada

     51,141         42,183   

Colorado

     37,668         —     

Corporate (1)

     91,510         36,769   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total homebuilding assets

   $ 581,147       $ 496,951   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Comprised primarily of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, deferred loan costs, and other assets.

Note 7—Real Estate Inventories

Real estate inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     December 31,  
   2012      2011  

Real estate inventories owned:

     

Land deposits

   $ 31,855       $ 26,939   

Land and land under development

     318,327         267,348   

Homes completed and under construction

     50,847         90,824   

Model homes

     20,601         13,423   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 421,630       $ 398,534   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Real estate inventories not owned: (1)

     

Other land options contracts — land banking arrangement

   $ 39,029       $ 47,408   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Represents the consolidation of a land banking arrangement which does not obligate the Company to purchase the lots, however, based on certain factors, the Company has determined it is economically compelled to purchase the lots in the land banking arrangement, which has been consolidated. Amounts are net of deposits.

The Company accounts for its real estate inventories under FASB ASC 360 Property, Plant, & Equipment (“ASC 360”).

ASC 360 requires impairment losses to be recorded on real estate inventories when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by real estate inventories are less than the carrying amount of such assets. Indicators of impairment include a decrease in demand for housing due to softening market conditions, competitive pricing pressures, which reduce the average sales price of homes including an increase in sales incentives offered to buyers, slowing sales absorption rates, decreases in home values in the markets in which the Company operates, significant decreases in gross margins and a decrease in project cash flows for a particular project.

For land, construction in progress, completed inventory, including model homes, and inventories not owned, the Company estimates expected cash flows at the project level by maintaining current budgets using recent

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

historical information and current market assumptions. The Company updates project budgets and cash flows of each real estate project on a quarterly basis to determine whether the estimated remaining undiscounted future cash flows of the project are more or less than the carrying amount (net book value) of the asset. If the undiscounted cash flows are more than the net book value of the project, then there is no impairment. If the undiscounted cash flows are less than the net book value of the asset, then the asset is deemed to be impaired and is written-down to its fair value.

Fair value represents the amount at which an asset could be bought or sold in a current transaction between willing parties (i.e., other than a forced or liquidation sale). Management determines the estimated fair value of each project by determining the present value of estimated future cash flows at discount rates that are commensurate with the risk of each project and each domain, market or sub-market or may use recent appraisals if they more accurately reflect fair value. The estimation process involved in determining if assets have been impaired and in the determination of fair value is inherently uncertain because it requires estimates of future revenues and costs, as well as future events and conditions. Estimates of revenues and costs are supported by the Company’s budgeting process, and are based on recent sales in backlog, pricing required to get the desired pace of sales, pricing of competitive projects, incentives offered by competitors and current estimates of costs of development and construction or current appraisals.

The Company engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist with the analysis of the fair value of the entity, and respective assets and liabilities in connection with its reorganization. In conjunction with the valuation of all of the assets of the Company, the Company re-set value on certain land holdings in the early stages of development, based on: (i) “as-is” development stages of the property instead of a discounted cash flow approach, (ii) relative comparables on similar stage properties that had recently sold, on a per acre basis, and (iii) location of the property, among other factors. Since the valuation was completed near December 31, 2011, management used such valuation to evaluate the book value as of December 31, 2011.

Under the provisions of FASB ASC 360, the Company is required to make certain assumptions to estimate undiscounted future cash flows of a project, which include: (i) estimated sales prices, including sales incentives, (ii) anticipated sales absorption rates and sales volume, (iii) project costs incurred to date and the estimated future costs of the project based on the project budget, (iv) the carrying costs related to the time a project is actively selling until it closes the final unit in the project, and (v) alternative strategies including selling the land to a third-party or temporarily suspending development at the project. Each project has different assumptions and is based on management’s assessment of the current market conditions that exist in each project location. The Company’s assumptions include moderate absorption increases in certain projects beginning in 2013. In addition, the Company has assumed some moderate reduction in sales incentives in certain projects in certain markets beginning in 2013.

The assumptions and judgments used by the Company in the estimation process to determine the future undiscounted cash flows of a project and its fair value are inherently uncertain and require a substantial degree of judgment. The realization of the Company’s real estate inventories is dependent upon future uncertain events and market conditions. Due to the subjective nature of the estimates and assumptions used in determining the future cash flows of a project, actual results could differ materially from current estimates.

Management assesses land deposits for impairment when estimated land values are deemed to be less than the agreed upon contract price. The Company considers changes in market conditions, the timing of land purchases, the ability to renegotiate with land sellers, the terms of the land option contracts in question, the availability and best use of capital, and other factors. The Company records abandoned land deposits and related pre-acquisition costs in cost of sales-lots, land and other in the consolidated statements of operations in the period that it is abandoned.

 

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Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

As of February 24, 2012, the Company made fair value adjustments to inventory in accordance with fresh start accounting. During the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the Company did not record any impairments.

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recorded impairment loss on real estate assets of $128.3 million. The impairment loss related to land under development and homes completed and under construction recorded during the year ended December 31, 2011, resulted from (i) in certain projects, a decrease in home sales prices related to increased incentives and (ii) a decrease in sales absorption rates which increased the length of time of the project and increased period costs related to the project. The impairment loss related to land held for future development or sold incurred during the year ended December 31, 2011, resulted from the reduced value of the land in the project. The Company values land held for future development using, (i) projected cash flows with the strategy of selling the land, on a finished or unfinished basis, or building out the project, (ii) considering recent, legitimate offers received, (iii) prices for land in recent comparable sales transactions, and other factors. For three of the Company’s projects which are entitled land categorized as “land held for future development” in the table above, the Company engaged a third-party valuation firm to value the land of each project, on an as-is basis, using several factors including the existing land sale market and market comparables as a barometer for each project.

Note 8—Goodwill

Goodwill of $14.2 million at December 31, 2012 represents the excess of our enterprise value upon emergence over the fair value of our net tangible and identifiable intangible assets. The Company recorded goodwill of $14.2 million as of February 24, 2012 in connection with fresh start accounting (refer to Notes 2, 3, and 4 for further details relating to fresh start accounting and valuation of goodwill).

Goodwill by operating segment as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows (in thousands):

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     December 31,  
     2012      2011  

Southern California

   $ 4,885       $ —     

Northern California

     1,916         —     

Arizona

     5,951         —     

Nevada

     1,457         —     

Colorado

     —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total goodwill

   $ 14,209       $ —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Note 9—Intangibles

The carrying value and accumulated amortization of intangible assets at December 31, 2012, by major intangible asset category, is as follows (in thousands):

 

     Successor  
     December 31, 2012  
     Carrying
Value
     Accumulated
Amortization
    Net
Carrying
Amount
 

Construction management contracts

   $ 4,640       $ (1,295   $ 3,345   

Homes in backlog

     4,937         (4,169     768   

Joint venture management fee contracts

     800         (293     507   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total intangibles

   $ 10,377       $ (5,757   $ 4,620   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Amortization expense related to intangible assets for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 was $5.8 million. There was no amortization expense related to intangible assets for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 or prior, since intangible assets of $9.5 million were recorded in conjunction with ASC 852 and intangible assets of $0.9 million were recorded in conjunction with the purchase of Village Homes on December 7, 2012.

Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets is as follows (in thousands):

 

     Total  
     Amortization  

2013

   $ 1,725   

2014

     1,244   

2015

     1,651   
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 4,620   
  

 

 

 

The weighted average remaining useful life of intangible assets as of December 31, 2012 is 24 months.

 

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Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Note 10—Senior Notes and Secured Indebtedness

Notes payable consist of the following (in thousands):

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     December 31,  
     2012      2011  

Notes payable:

     

Notes payable

   $ 13,248       $ 74,009   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Senior Notes:

     

8   1 / 2 % Senior Notes due November 15, 2020

     325,000         —     

Senior Secured Term Loan due Janaury 31, 2015

     —           206,000   

7   5 / 8 % Senior Notes due December 15, 2012

     —           66,704   

10   3 / 4 % Senior Notes due April 1, 2013

     —           138,912   

7   1 / 2 % Senior Notes due February 15, 2014

     —           77,867   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Senior Notes

     325,000         489,483   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total notes payable and Senior Notes

   $ 338,248       $ 563,492   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The maturities of the Notes Payable and 8 ½ Senior Notes are as follows as of December 31, 2012 (in thousands):

 

Year Ended December 31,

      

2013

   $ —     

2014

     —     

2015

     13,248   

2016

     —     

2017

     —     

Thereafter

     325,000   
  

 

 

 
   $ 338,248   
  

 

 

 

8.5% Senior Notes Due 2020

On November 8, 2012, William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“California Lyon”) completed its offering of 8.5% Senior Notes due 2020, or the New Notes, in an aggregate principal amount of $325 million. The New Notes were issued at 100% of their aggregate principal amount. The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of the New Notes, together with cash on hand, to refinance the Company’s (i) $235 million 10.25% Senior Secured Term Loan due 2015 (“Amended Term Loan”), (ii) approximately $76 million in aggregate principal amount of 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due 2017 (“Old Notes”), (iii) approximately $11 million in principal amount of project related debt, and (iv) to pay accrued and unpaid interest thereon.

As of December 31, 2012, the outstanding principal amount of the New Notes is $325 million. The New Notes bear interest at an annual rate of 8.5% per annum and is payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15, commencing on May 15, 2013, and mature on November 15, 2020. The New Notes are senior unsecured obligations of California Lyon and are unconditionally guaranteed on a senior subordinated secured basis by Parent and by certain of Parent’s existing and future restricted subsidiaries. The New Notes and the guarantees rank senior to all of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ existing and future unsecured senior debt and senior in right of payment to all of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ future subordinated debt. The New

 

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Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Notes and the guarantees are and will be effectively junior to any of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ existing and future secured debt.

On or after November 15, 2016, California Lyon may redeem all or a portion of the New Notes upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest to the applicable redemption date, if redeemed during the 12-month period beginning on November 15 of the years indicated below:

 

Year

   Percentage  

2016

     104.250

2017

     102.125

2018 and thereafter

     100.000

Prior to November 15, 2016 the New Notes may be redeemed in whole or in part at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, and accrued and unpaid interest to, the redemption date.

In addition, any time prior to November 15, 2015, California Lyon may, at its option on one or more occasions, redeem New Notes in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the New Notes issued prior to such date at a redemption price (expressed as a percentage of principal amount) of 108.5%, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with an amount equal to the net cash proceeds from one or more equity offerings.

The indenture governing the New Notes (the “Indenture”) contains covenants that limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee certain additional indebtedness; (ii) pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase stock; (iii) make certain investments; (iv) sell assets; (v) incur liens; (vi) enter into agreements restricting the ability of the Company’s restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or transfer assets; (vii) enter into transactions with affiliates; (viii) create unrestricted subsidiaries; and (viii) consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of the Company’s and California Lyon’s assets. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications as described in the Indenture. The Company is in compliance with all such covenants as of December 31, 2012.

Amended Senior Secured Term Loan

Prior to completing its offering of the New Notes, California Lyon was a party to that certain Amended and Restated Senior Secured Term Loan Agreement (the “Amended Term Loan Agreement”), dated February 25, 2012. The Senior Secured Term Loan was renegotiated into the terms below in conjunction with the Plan of Reorganization as discussed in Notes 2, 3, and 4.

The Amended Term Loan Agreement provided for a first lien secured term loan of $235.0 million, secured by substantially all of the assets of California Lyon, Parent (excluding stock in California Lyon) and certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of Parent. The Amended Term Loan was guaranteed by Parent and certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of Parent.

The Amended Term Loan bore interest at a rate of 10.25% per annum. Prior to its repayment in conjunction with the New Notes offering, the Amended Term Loan was scheduled to mature on January 31, 2015. In addition, there was no pre-payment penalty associated with the Amended Term Loan.

 

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Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

The Company recognized a loss of $1.9 million upon the early extinguishment of the Amended Term Loan related to unamortized debt issuance costs. The loss is included in (loss) gain on extinguishment of debt in the consolidated statement of operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012.

Senior Secured Term Loan

Prior to the Plan of Reorganization, as discussed in Notes 2, 3, and 4, California Lyon was a party to a certain Senior Secured Term Loan Agreement (the “Term Loan Agreement”), dated October 20, 2009. As of December 31, 2011, the Term Loan outstanding balance was $206.0 million.

The Term Loan had interest at a rate of 14.0% and was scheduled to mature on October 20, 2014. However, California Lyon had also agreed that, upon any repayment of any portion of the principal amount under the Term Loan (whether or not at maturity), California Lyon would also pay an exit fee equal to the difference (if positive) between (x) the interest that would have been accrued and been then payable on the repaid portion if the interest rate under the Term Loan Agreement were 15.625% and (y) the internal rate of return realized by the Lenders on such repaid portion, taking into account all cash amounts actually received by the Lenders with respect thereto, including the loan fee and interest payments, other than any make whole payments described below.

Upon any prepayment of any portion of the Term Loan prior to its scheduled maturity (other than any prepayment required in connection with a payment of all or any portion of the outstanding principal balance of any of the indentures governing the Term Loan), the Term Loan Agreement provided that California Lyon make a “make whole payment” equal to an amount, if positive, of the present value of all future payments of interest which would become due with respect to such prepaid amount from the date of prepayment thereof through and including the maturity date, discounted at a rate of 14%.

The Company was in technical default of the term loan as of December 31, 2011, due to (a) expiration of the tangible net worth covenant waiver on October 27, 2011 and (b) a cross default under the senior notes indentures. The term loan was restructured into the Amended Term Loan as described above.

Senior Subordinated Secured Notes

Prior to completing its offering of New Notes as discussed above, pursuant to the terms of the Plan, on February 25, 2012, California Lyon issued $75.0 million principal amount of 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Notes, or the Old Notes, due February 25, 2017, in exchange for the claims held by the holders of the formerly outstanding Senior Notes of California Lyon. California Lyon received no net proceeds from this issuance.

Cash interest of 8% on the outstanding principal amount of the Old Notes was due in semi-annual installments in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year. The remaining interest of 4% on the outstanding principal amount of the Old Notes was payable in kind semi-annually in arrears by increasing the principal amount of the Old Notes.

The Old Notes were redeemable at the option of California Lyon at any time, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any.

As described above, California Lyon used a portion of the proceeds from the sale of the New Notes to refinance the Old Notes. The Old Notes were paid off as of December 31, 2012. The Company recognized a loss of $0.3 million upon the early extinguishment of the Old Notes related to an early tender premium. The loss is included in (loss) gain on extinguishment of debt in the consolidated statement of operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012.

 

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Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Senior Notes

On December 31, 2011, the Senior Notes had the following principal amounts outstanding (in thousands):

 

     December 31,
2011
 

7   5 / 8 % Senior Notes due December 15, 2012

   $ 66,704   

10   3 / 4 % Senior Notes due April 1, 2013

     138,912   

7   1 / 2 % Senior Notes due February 15, 2014

     77,867   
  

 

 

 
   $ 283,483   
  

 

 

 

7  5 / 8 % Senior Notes

On November 22, 2004, California Lyon issued $150.0 million principal amount of the 7  5 / 8 % Senior Notes. Of the initial $150.0 million, $66.7 million in aggregate principal amount remained outstanding as of December 31, 2011.

10  3 / 4 % Senior Notes

On March 17, 2003, California Lyon issued $250.0 million of the 10  3 / 4 % Senior Notes at a price of 98.493% to the public, resulting in net proceeds to the Company of approximately $246.2 million. The redemption price reflected a discount to yield 11% under the effective interest method, and the notes have been reflected net of the unamortized discount in the consolidated balance sheet. Of the initial $250.0 million, $138.9 million aggregate principal amount remained outstanding as of December 31, 2011.

10   3 / 4 % Senior Notes Indenture Interest Payment Default

On October 31, 2011, California Lyon did not make the scheduled interest payment on the 10  3 / 4 % Senior Notes within the 30-day grace period specified in the 10 3 / 4 % Senior Notes Indenture, resulting in an event of default under the 10  3 / 4 % Senior Notes Indenture, and a cross-default under the Term Loan Agreement. In the event that Holders of the 10  3 / 4 % Senior Notes exercised their right to accelerate the 10  3 / 4 % Senior Notes, a cross-default under the other prepetition indentures would have resulted. Since the Company was in negotiations with certain holders of the Senior Notes to reorganize and restructure the debt of the Company, the holders did not exercise their right to accelerate the 10  3 / 4 % Senior Notes.

7  1 / 2 % Senior Notes

On February 6, 2004, California Lyon issued $150.0 million principal amount of the 7  1 / 2 % Senior Notes, resulting in net proceeds to the Company of approximately $147.6 million. Of the initial $150.0 million, $77.9 million aggregate principal amount remained outstanding as of December 31, 2011.

During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company redeemed, in privately negotiated transactions, $37.3 million principal amount of its outstanding Senior Notes at a cost of $31.3 million, plus accrued interest. The net gain resulting from the redemptions, after giving effect to amortization of related deferred loan costs, was $5.6 million, and is included in (loss) gain on extinguishment of debt in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

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Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Notes Payable

Construction Notes Payable

In September 2012, the Company entered into two construction notes payable agreements. The first agreement has total availability under the facility of $19.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its wholly-owned projects. The loan matures in September 2015 and bears interest at the Prime Rate + 1.0%, with a rate floor of 5.0%, which was the effective interest rate as of December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had borrowed $7.8 million under this facility. The loan will be repaid with proceeds from home closings of the project and is secured by the underlying project. The second agreement has total availability under the facility of $17.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its joint venture projects, which is consolidated in accordance with ASC 810 (See Note 5 for further discussion). The loan matures in March 2015 and bears interest at Prime + 1%, with a rate floor of 5.0%, which was the effective interest rate as of December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had borrowed $5.4 million under this facility. The loan will be repaid with proceeds from home closings of the project and is secured by the underlying project.

At December 31, 2011, the Company had two construction notes payable totaling $16.0 million. One of the notes totaling $9.0 million matured in January 2012, with interest at rates based on either LIBOR or prime with an interest rate floor of 6.5%. However, in conjunction with the Plan, the construction note payable was renegotiated to mature January 2013 with an option to extend for one year to December 2013. Interest on the note was paid monthly at a rate based on LIBOR or prime, with a floor of 5.5%, and the principal was repaid ratably in quarterly installments, beginning March 31, 2012 and continuing through maturity. In November 2012, the construction note was paid in full with proceeds from the New Notes.

The other construction note had a remaining balance at December 31, 2011 of $7.0 million, and was not renegotiated in conjunction with the Plan. The note had a maturity date in May 2015 and required monthly interest payments at a fixed rate of 10.0%, with quarterly principal payments of $500,000. In November 2012, the construction note was paid in full with proceeds from the New Notes. The Company recognized a loss of $0.2 million upon the early extinguishment of the note related to the unamortized debt discount. The loss is included in (loss) gain on extinguishment of debt in the consolidated statement of operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012.

Land Acquisition Note Payable

In October 2011, the Company secured an acquisition note payable in conjunction with the acquisition of a parcel of land in Northern California. The acquisition price of the land was $56.0 million, and the loan was for $55.0 million. The note was scheduled to mature in October 2012, and carried an interest rate of 1.5% per month, which was paid monthly on the loan. As part of the Company’s adoption of ASC 852, the loan was valued at $56.3 million as of February 24, 2012, the confirmation date of the plan. In May 2012, the Company sold the parcel of land and repaid the note in full recognizing a gain on extinguishment of debt of $1.0 million, net of amortization expense of $0.3 million. The gain is included in (loss) gain on extinguishment of debt in the consolidated statement of operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012.

Seller Financing

At December 31, 2011, the Company had $3.0 million of notes payable outstanding related to a land acquisition for which seller financing was provided. The note bore interest at 7% and matured in March 2012. In March 2012, the seller note was paid in full.

 

F-30


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

GUARANTOR AND NON-GUARANTOR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following consolidating financial information includes:

(1) Consolidating balance sheets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011; consolidating statements of operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010; and consolidating statements of cash flows for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, of (a) William Lyon Homes, as the parent, or “Delaware Lyon”, (b) William Lyon Homes, Inc., as the subsidiary issuer, or “California Lyon”, (c) the guarantor subsidiaries, (d) the non-guarantor subsidiaries and (e) William Lyon Homes, Inc. on a consolidated basis; and

(2) Elimination entries necessary to consolidate Delaware Lyon, with William Lyon Homes, Inc. and its guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries.

William Lyon Homes owns 100% of all of its guarantor subsidiaries and all guarantees are full and unconditional, joint and several. As a result, in accordance with Rule 3-10 (d) of Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC, no separate financial statements are required for these subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010.

 

F-31


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET

December 31, 2012 (Successor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated               
     Delaware
Lyon
     California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
     Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
     Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

ASSETS

               

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ —         $ 69,376      $ 65       $ 1,634       $ —        $ 71,075   

Restricted cash

     —           853        —           —           —          853   

Receivables

     —           11,278        296         3,215         —          14,789   

Real estate inventories

               

Owned

     —           398,952        13         22,665         —          421,630   

Not owned

     —           39,029        —           —           —          39,029   

Deferred loan costs

     —           7,036        —           —           —          7,036   

Goodwill

     —           14,209        —           —           —          14,209   

Intangibles

     —           4,620        —           —           —          4,620   

Other assets

     —           7,437        146         323         —          7,906   

Investments in subsidiaries

     62,712         22,148        —           —           (84,860     —     

Intercompany receivables

     —           —          207,239         18,935         (226,174     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 62,712       $ 574,938      $ 207,759       $ 46,772       $ (311,034   $ 581,147   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY (DEFICIT)

               

Accounts payable

   $ —         $ 17,998      $ 39       $ 698       $ —        $ 18,735   

Accrued expenses

     —           41,505        213         52         —          41,770   

Liabilities from inventories not owned

     —           39,029        —           —           —          39,029   

Notes payable

     —           7,809        —           5,439         —          13,248   

8  1 / 2 % Senior Notes

     —           325,000        —           —           —          325,000   

Intercompany payables

     —           217,146        —           9,028         (226,174     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     —           648,487        252         15,217         (226,174     437,782   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

     —           71,246        —           —           —          71,246   

Equity (deficit)

               

William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity (deficit)

     62,712         (144,795     207,507         22,148         (84,860     62,712   

Noncontrolling interest

     —           —          —           9,407         —          9,407   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity (deficit)

   $ 62,712       $ 574,938      $ 207,759       $ 46,772       $ (311,034   $ 581,147   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

F-32


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET

(DEBTOR-IN-POSSESSION)

December 31, 2011 (Predecessor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
    California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
     Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

ASSETS

             

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ —        $ 14,333      $ 47       $ 5,681      $ —        $ 20,061   

Restricted cash

     —          852        —           —          —          852   

Receivables

     —          9,897        310         3,525        —          13,732   

Real estate inventories

             

Owned

     —          278,939        —           119,595        —          398,534   

Not owned

     —          47,408        —           —          —          47,408   

Deferred loan costs, net

     —          8,810        —           —          —          8,810   

Other assets, net

     —          6,671        159         724        —          7,554   

Investments in subsidiaries

     (179,516     (85,714     —           —          265,230        —     

Intercompany receivables

     —          —          203,517         12        (203,529     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ (179,516   $ 281,196      $ 204,033       $ 129,537      $ 61,701      $ 496,951   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND (DEFICIT) EQUITY

             

Liabilities not subject to compromise

             

Accounts payable

   $ —        $ 1,436      $ —         $ —        $ —        $ 1,436   

Accrued expenses

     —          2,082        —           —          —          2,082   

Liabilities from inventories not owned

     —          47,408        —           —          —          47,408   

Notes payable

     —          3,010        —           70,999        —          74,009   

Senior Secured Term Loan

     —          206,000        —           —          —          206,000   

Intercompany payables

     —          71,459        —           132,070        (203,529     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          331,395        —           203,069        (203,529     330,935   

Liabilities subject to compromise

             

Accounts payable

     —          2,560        38         1,348        —          3,946   

Accrued expenses

     —          47,051        218         1,188        —          48,457   

7  5 / 8 % Senior Notes

     —          66,704        —           —          —          66,704   

10  3 / 4 % Senior Notes

     —          138,912        —           —          —          138,912   

7  1 / 2 % Senior Notes

     —          77,867        —           —          —          77,867   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          333,094        256         2,536        —          335,886   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     —          664,489        256         205,605        (203,529     666,821   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Deficit) equity

             

William Lyon Homes stockholders’ (deficit) equity

     (179,516     (383,293     203,777         (85,714     265,230        (179,516

Noncontrolling interest

     —          —          —           9,646        —          9,646   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and (deficit) equity

   $ (179,516   $ 281,196      $ 204,033       $ 129,537      $ 61,701      $ 496,951   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-33


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

Period from February 25, 2012 through

December 31, 2012 (Successor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
    California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating revenue

            

Sales

   $ —        $ 198,108      $ 47,989      $ 102,838      $ —        $ 348,935   

Construction services

     —          23,825        —          —          —          23,825   

Management fees

     —          534        —          —          (534     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          222,467        47,989        102,838        (534     372,760   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating costs

            

Cost of sales

     —          (163,083     (41,516     (93,924     534        (297,989

Construction services

     —          (21,416     —          —          —          (21,416

Sales and marketing

     —          (10,705     (2,617     (606     —          (13,928

General and administrative

     —          (25,872     (221     (2     —          (26,095

Amortization of intangible assets

     —          (5,757     —          —          —          (5,757

Other

     —          (3,027     (2     120        —          (2,909
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          (229,860     (44,356     (94,412     534        (368,094
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income from subsidiaries

     (8,859     11,681        —          —          (2,822     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating (loss) income

     (8,859     4,288        3,633        8,426        (2,822     4,666   

Loss on extinguishment of debt

     —          (1,392     —          —          —          (1,392

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

     —          (9,227     —          100        —          (9,127

Other income (expense), net

     —          618        (61     971        —          1,528   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income before reorganization items and provision for income taxes

     (8,859     (5,713     3,572        9,497        (2,822     (4,325

Reorganization items, net

     —          (3,073     1        547        —          (2,525
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income before provision for income taxes

     (8,859     (8,786     3,573        10,044        (2,822     (6,850

Provision for income taxes

     —          (11     —          —          —          (11
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income

     (8,859     (8,797     3,573        10,044        (2,822     (6,861

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

     —          —          —          (1,998     —          (1,998
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income attributable to William Lyon Homes

     (8,859     (8,797     3,573        8,046        (2,822     (8,859

Preferred stock dividends

     (2,743     —          —          —          —          (2,743
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income available to common stockholders

   $ (11,602   $ (8,797   $ 3,573      $ 8,046      $ (2,822   $ (11,602
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

F-34


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

Period from January 1, 2012 through

February 24, 2012 (Predecessor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
     California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating revenue

             

Home sales

   $ —          $ 10,024      $ 4,316      $ 2,347      $ —         $ 16,687   

Construction services

     —            8,883        —           —           —           8,883   

Management fees

     —            110        —           —           (110     —      
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —            19,017        4,316        2,347        (110     25,570   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating costs

             

Cost of sales — homes

     —            (8,819     (3,820     (2,069     110        (14,598

Construction services

     —            (8,223     —           —           —           (8,223

Sales and marketing

     —            (1,496     (260     (188     —           (1,944

General and administrative

     —            (3,246     (56     —           —           (3,302

Other

     —            (16     —           (171     —           (187
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —            (21,800     (4,136     (2,428     110        (28,254
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from subsidiaries

     228,383         11,536        —           —           (239,919     —      
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

     228,383         8,753        180        (81     (239,919     (2,684

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

     —            (2,407     —           (100     —           (2,507

Other income (expense), net

     —            266        (25     (11     —           230   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before reorganization items and provision for income taxes

     228,383         6,612        155        (192     (239,919     (4,961

Reorganization items

     —            221,796        (1     11,663        —           233,458   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

     228,383         228,408        154        11,471        (239,919     228,497   

Provision for income taxes

     —            —           —           —           —           —      
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     228,383         228,408        154        11,471        (239,919     228,497   

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

     —            —           —           (114           (114
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to William Lyon Homes

   $ 228,383       $ 228,408      $ 154      $ 11,357      $ (239,919   $ 228,383   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-35


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

(DEBTOR-IN-POSSESSION)

Year Ended December 31, 2011 (Predecessor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
    California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating revenue

            

Home sales

   $ —        $ 176,992      $ 19,954      $ 10,109      $ —        $ 207,055   

Construction services

     —          19,768        —          —          —          19,768   

Management fees

     —          468        —          —          (468     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          197,228        19,954        10,109        (468     226,823   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating costs

            

Cost of sales

     —          (162,148     (18,225     (8,818     468        (188,723

Impairment loss on real estate assets

     —          (70,742     —          (57,572     —          (128,314

Construction services

     —          (18,164     —          —          —          (18,164

Sales and marketing

     —          (14,528     (1,318     (1,002     —          (16,848

General and administrative

     —          (22,070     (340     (1     —          (22,411

Other

     —          (2,979     —          (1,004     —          (3,983
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          (290,631     (19,883     (68,397     468        (378,443
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures

     —          3,605        —          —          —          3,605   

Loss from subsidiaries

     (193,330     (59,588     —          —          252,918        —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating (loss) income

     (193,330     (149,386     71        (58,288     252,918        (148,015

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

     —          (23,639     —          (890     —          (24,529

Other income (expense), net

     —          1,018        (131     (49     —          838   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss before reorganization items and provision for income taxes

     (193,330     (172,007     (60     (59,227     252,918        (171,706

Reorganization items

     —          (21,182     —          —          —          (21,182
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss before provision for income taxes

     (193,330     (193,189     (60     (59,227     252,918        (192,888

Provision for income taxes

     —          (10     —          —          —          (10
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss

     (193,330     (193,199     (60     (59,227     252,918        (192,898

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

     —          —          —          (432     —          (432
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to William Lyon Homes

   $ (193,330   $ (193,199   $ (60   $ (59,659   $ 252,918      $ (193,330
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-36


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

Year Ended December 31, 2010 (Predecessor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
    California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating revenue

            

Sales

   $ —        $ 263,864      $ 16,595      $ 3,610      $ —        $ 284,069   

Construction services

     —          10,629        —          —          —          10,629   

Management fees

     —          165        —          —          (165     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          274,658        16,595        3,610        (165     294,698   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating costs

               —     

Cost of sales

     —          (228,542     (16,167     (1,633     165        (246,177

Impairment loss on real estate assets

     —          (111,860     —          —          —          (111,860

Construction services

     —          (7,805     —          —          —          (7,805

Sales and marketing

     —          (17,953     (1,208     (585     —          (19,746

General and administrative

     —          (24,795     (313     (21     —          (25,129

Other

     —          (2,740     —          —          —          (2,740
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          (393,695     (17,688     (2,239     165        (413,457
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures

     —          916        —          —          —          916   

(Loss) income from subsidiaries

     (136,786     (1,053     12        —          137,827        —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating (loss) income

     (136,786     (119,174     (1,081     1,371        137,827        (117,843

Gain on extinguishment of debt

     —          5,572        —          —          —          5,572   

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

     —          (23,653     —          —          —          (23,653

Other income (expense), net

     —          280        (235     12        —          57   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income before benefit from income taxes

     (136,786     (136,975     (1,316     1,383        137,827        (135,867

Benefit from income taxes

     —          412        —          —          —          412   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income

     (136,786     (136,563     (1,316     1,383        137,827        (135,455

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

     —          —          —          (1,331     —          (1,331
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income attributable to William Lyon Homes

   $ (136,786   $ (136,563   $ (1,316   $ 52      $ 137,827      $ (136,786
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-37


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

Period from February 25, 2012 through

December 31, 2012 (Successor)

(in thousands)

 

    Unconsolidated              
    Delaware
Lyon
    California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating activities

           

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

  $ —        $ (72,014   $ 3,579      $ 118,428      $ —        $ 49,993   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investing activities

           

Cash paid for acquisitions, net

    —          (33,201     —          —          —          (33,201

Purchases of property and equipment

    —          (271     (20     (21     —          (312

Investments in subsidiaries

    —          (84,828     —          —          84,828        —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

    —          (118,300     (20     (21     84,828        (33,513
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financing activities

           

Proceeds from borrowings on notes payable

    —          7,809        —          5,439        —          13,248   

Proceeds from issurance of 8 1/2% Senior Notes

    —          325,000        —          —          —          325,000   

Principal payments on notes payable

    —          (3,994     —          (69,682     —          (73,676

Principal payments on Senior Secured Term Loan

    —          (235,000     —          —          —          (235,000

Principal payments on Senior Subordinated Secured Notes

    —          (75,916     —          —          —          (75,916

Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred stock

    —          14,000        —          —          —          14,000   

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

    —          16,000        —          —          —          16,000   

Payment of deferred loan costs

    —          (7,181     —          —          —          (7,181

Payment of preferred stock dividends

    —          (1,721     —          —          —          (1,721

Noncontrolling interest contributions

    —          —          —          15,313        —          15,313   

Noncontrolling interest distributions

    —          —          —          (16,004     —          (16,004

Advances to affiliates

    —          —          3        78,817        (78,820     —     

Intercompany receivables/payables

    —          144,535        (3,549     (134,978     (6,008     —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided (used in) by financing activities

    —          183,532        (3,546     (121,095     (84,828     (25,937
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

    —          (6,782     13        (2,688     —          (9,457

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

    —          76,158        52        4,322        —          80,532   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

  $ —        $ 69,376      $ 65      $ 1,634      $ —        $ 71,075   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-38


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

Period from January 1, 2012 through

February 24, 2012 (Predecessor)

(in thousands)

 

    Unconsolidated              
    Delaware
Lyon
    California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating activities

           

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

  $ —        $ (13,638   $ 181      $ (3,864   $ —        $ (17,321
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investing activities

           

Purchases of property and equipment

    —          (419     (3     422        —          —     

Investments in subsidiaries

    —          183        —          —          (183     —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

    —          (236     (3     422        (183     —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financing activities

           

Principal payments on notes payable

    —          (116     —          (500     —          (616

Proceeds from reorganization

    —          30,971        —          —          —          30,971   

Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred stock

    —          50,000        —          —          —          50,000   

Proceeds from debtor in possession financing

    —          5,000        —          —          —          5,000   

Principal payment of debtor in possession financing

    —          (5,000     —          —          —          (5,000

Payment of deferred loan costs

    —          (2,491     —          —          —          (2,491

Noncontrolling interest contributions

    —          —          —          1,825        —          1,825   

Noncontrolling interest distributions

    —          —          —          (1,897     —          (1,897

Advances to affiliates

    —          —          —          (4     4        —     

Intercompany receivables/payables

    —          (2,665     (173     2,659        179        —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

    —          75,699        (173     2,083        183        77,792   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

    —          61,825        5        (1,359     —          60,471   

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

    —          14,333        47        5,681        —          20,061   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

  $ —        $ 76,158      $ 52      $ 4,322      $ —        $ 80,532   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-39


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

(DEBTOR-IN-POSSESSION)

Year Ended December, 2011 (Predecessor)

(in thousands)

 

    Unconsolidated              
    Delaware
Lyon
    California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating activities

           

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

  $ —        $ 127,757      $ 87      $ (166,495   $ —        $ (38,651
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investing activities

           

Distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures

    —          1,435        —          —          —          1,435   

Purchases of property and equipment

    —          725        (131     (722     —          (128

Investments in subsidiaries

    —          29,412        —          —          (29,412     —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

    —          31,572        (131     (722     (29,412     1,307   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financing activities

           

Principal payments on notes payable

    —          (82,531     —          70,999        —          (11,532

Noncontrolling interest contributions

    —          —          —          6,605        —          6,605   

Noncontrolling interest distributions

    —          —          —          (8,954     —          (8,954

Advances to affiliates

    —          —          (3     (29,341     29,344        —     

Intercompany receivables/payables

    —          (131,964     (37     131,933        68        —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

    —          (214,495     (40     171,242        29,412        (13,881
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

    —          (55,166     (84     4,025        —          (51,225

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

    —          69,499        131        1,656        —          71,286   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

  $ —        $ 14,333      $ 47      $ 5,681      $ —        $ 20,061   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-40


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

Year Ended December 30, 2010 (Predecessor)

(in thousands)

 

    Unconsolidated              
    Delaware
Lyon
    California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating activities

           

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

  $ —        $ 27,863      $ (1,245   $ (2,499   $ —        $ 24,119   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investing activities

           

Investment in and advances to unconsolidated joint ventures

    —         (194     —         —         —         (194

Distributions from unconsolidated joint venture

    —         4,183        —         —         —         4,183   

Purchases of property and equipment

    —         101        (165     —         —         (64

Investments in subsidiaries

    —         (361     12        —         349        —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

    —          3,729        (153     —          349        3,925   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financing activities

           

Proceeds from borrowings on notes payable

    —         7,087        —         —         —         7,087   

Principal payments on notes payable

    —         (52,797     —         —         —         (52,797

Net cash paid for repurchase of Senior Notes

    —         (31,268     —         —         —         (31,268

Noncontrolling interest contributions

    —         —         —         6,546        —         6,546   

Noncontrolling interest distributions

    —          —          —          (3,913     —          (3,913

Advances to affiliates

    —         —         (19     (744     763        —     

Intercompany receivables/payables

    —         (362     1,437        37        (1,112     —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

    —          (77,340     1,418        1,926        (349     (74,345
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

    —          (45,748     20        (573     —          (46,301

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

    —         115,247        111        2,229        —         117,587   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

  $ —        $ 69,499      $ 131      $ 1,656      $ —        $ 71,286   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-41


Table of Contents

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Note 11—Fair Value of Financial Instruments

In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure , (“ASC 820”) the Company is required to disclose the estimated fair value of financial instruments. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company used the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of each type of financial instrument for which it is practicable to estimate:

 

   

Notes Payable—The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value of the notes payable because the loans were entered into during the final quarter of the year and/or the outstanding balance at year end is expected to be repaid within one year;

 

   

8  1 / 2 Senior Notes—The 8  1 / 2 Senior Notes are traded over the counter and their fair values were based upon quotes from industry sources;

 

   

Senior Secured Term Loan—The face amount of the term loan as of December 31, 2011 is $206.0 million. However, the renegotiated principal amount of the loan in accordance with the joint plan of reorganization is $235.0 million. Since the joint plan of reorganization was filed on December 19, 2011, the renegotiated amount of the term loan is a reasonable fair value as of December 31, 2011; and

 

   

Old Senior Notes Payable—The Senior Notes were traded over the counter and their fair values were based upon quotes from industry sources, as of December 31, 2011.

The following table excludes cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, receivables and accounts payable, which had fair values approximating their carrying amounts due to the short maturities and liquidity of these instruments. The estimated fair values of financial instruments are as follows (in thousands):

 

    Successor           Predecessor  
    December 31, 2012           December 31, 2011  
    Carrying     Fair           Carrying     Fair  
  Amount     Value           Amount     Value  

Financial liabilities:

           

Notes payable

  $ 13,248      $ 13,248          $ 74,009      $ 74,009   

8  1 / 2 % Senior Notes due 2020

  $ 325,000      $ 338,000          $ —         $ —      

Senior Secured Term Loan due 2015

  $ —         $ —             $ 206,000      $ 235,000   

7  5 / 8 % Senior Notes due 2012

  $ —         $ —             $ 66,704      $ 20,469   

10  3 / 4 % Senior Notes due 2013

  $ —         $ —             $ 138,912      $ 40,614   

7  1 / 2 % Senior Notes due 2014

  $ —         $ —             $ 77,867      $ 21,742   

ASC 820 establishes a framework for measuring fair value, expands disclosures regarding fair value measurements and defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 requires the Company to maximize the use of observable market inputs, minimize the use of unobservable market inputs and disclose in the form of an outlined hierarchy the details of such fair value measurements. The Company used Level 3 to measure the fair value of its Notes Payable, and Senior Secured Term Loan, and Level 2 to measure the fair value of its 8 1 / 2 Senior Notes and Old Senior Notes Payable. ASC 820 specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to a fair value measurement are considered to be observable or unobservable in a marketplace. The three levels of the hierarchy are as follows:

 

   

Level 1—quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;

 

   

Level 2—quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

   

Level 3—valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

The following table represents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance for the Company’s Level 3 fair value measurements:

 

           Senior  
     Notes     Secured  
     Payable     Term Loan  
     (in thousands)  

Fair Value at December 31, 2011 (Predecessor)

   $ 74,009      $ 235,000   

Change in balance related to plan of reorganization (1)

     —           —      

Repayments of principal (2)

     (74,009     (235,000

Borrowings of principal (3)

     13,248        —      

Increase in value during the period

     —           —      
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Fair Value at December 31, 2012 (Successor)

   $ 13,248      $ —      
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) Change is representative of payoff of the loan for the value reported at December 31, 2011, and not the face amount of the notes that were eliminated in accordance with the joint plan of reorganization.
(2) Represents the actual amount of principal repaid
(3) Represents the actual amount of principal borrowed

Non-financial Instruments

The Company adopted FASB ASC Topic 820 in 2008, however, disclosure of certain non-financial portions of the statement were deferred until the 2009 reporting period. These non-financial homebuilding assets are those assets for which the Company recorded valuation adjustments during 2011 on a nonrecurring basis. See Note 7, “Real Estate Inventories” for further discussion of the valuation of real estate inventories.

The following table summarizes the fair-value measurements of its non-financial assets for the year ended December 31, 2011:

 

     Fair Value
Hierarchy
     Fair Value at
Measurement
Date(1)
     Impairment
Charges
for the Year Ended
December 31,
2011(1)
 
     (in thousands)  

Land under development and homes completed and under construction(2)

     Level 3       $ 94,751       $ 34,835   

Inventory held for future development(3)

     Level 3       $ 74,146       $ 93,479   

 

(1) Amounts represent the aggregate fair values for communities where the Company recognized noncash inventory impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2011.
(2) In accordance with FASB ASC 360-10-35, inventory under this caption with a carrying value of $129.6 million was written down to its fair value of $94.8 million, resulting in total impairments of $34.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2011.
(3) In accordance with FASB ASC 360-10-35, inventory under this caption with a carrying value of $167.6 million was written down to its fair value of $74.1 million, resulting in total impairments of $93.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2011.

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Fair values determined to be Level 3 include the use of internal assumptions, estimates and financial forecasts. Valuations of these items are therefore sensitive to the assumptions used. Fair values represent the Company’s best estimates as of the measurement date, based on conditions existing and information available at the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements. Subsequent changes in conditions or information available may change assumptions and estimates, as outlined in more detail within “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Fair values determined using Level 3 inputs, were primarily based on the estimated future cash flows discounted for inherent risk associated with each asset. These discounted cash flows are impacted by: the risk-free rate of return; expected risk premium based on estimated land development; construction and delivery timelines; market risk from potential future price erosion; cost uncertainty due to development or construction cost increases; and other risks specific to the asset or conditions in the market in which the asset is located at the time the assessment is made.

In addition, for the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company engaged a third-party valuation advisor to assess values of market comparables on land held for future development. These factors are specific to each community and may vary among communities.

Note 12—Related Party Transactions

For the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the Company incurred reimbursable on-site labor costs of $27,000 and $276,000, respectively, and for the year ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company incurred reimbursable on-site labor costs of $318,000 and $217,000, respectively, for providing customer service to real estate projects developed by entities controlled by William Lyon and William H. Lyon. At December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, $7,000 and $24,000, respectively, was due to the Company for reimbursable on-site labor costs, all of which was paid.

Effective April 1, 2011 upon approval by the Company’s board of directors at that time, the Company and an entity controlled by General William Lyon and William H. Lyon entered into a Human Resources and Payroll Services contract to provide that the affiliate will pay the Company a base monthly fee of $21,335 and a variable monthly fee equal to $23 multiplied by the number of active employees employed by such entity (which will initially result in a variable monthly fee of approximately $8,000). The amended contract also provides that the Company will be reimbursed by such affiliate for a pro rata share of any bonuses paid to the Company’s Human Resources staff (other than any bonus paid to the Vice President of Human Resources). The Company believes that the compensation being paid to it for the services provided to the affiliate is at a market rate of compensation, and that as a result of the fees that are paid to the Company under this contract, the overall cost to the Company of its Human Resources department will be reduced. The Company earned fees of $52,000 and $180,000, during the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, respectively, and fees of $362,000 and $426,000 during the year ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, related to this agreement. This contract expired on August 31, 2012 and was not renewed. Any future services provided to the affiliate will be on an as needed basis and will be paid for based on an hourly rate.

On September 3, 2009, Presley CMR, Inc., a California corporation (“Presley CMR”) and wholly owned subsidiary of California Lyon, entered into an Aircraft Purchase and Sale Agreement (“PSA”) with an affiliate of General William Lyon to sell an aircraft. The PSA provided for an aggregate purchase price for the Aircraft of $8.3 million, (which value was the appraised fair market value of the Aircraft), which consisted of: (i) cash in the amount of $2.1 million to be paid at closing and (ii) a promissory note from the affiliate in the amount of $6.2 million. The note is secured by the Aircraft. As part of the Company’s fresh start accounting, the note was adjusted to its fair value of $5.2 million. The discount on the fresh start adjustment is amortized over the

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

remaining life of the note. The note requires semiannual interest payments to California Lyon of approximately $132,000. The note is due in September 2016.

For the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the Company incurred charges of $118,000 and $668,000, respectively, and for the year ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company incurred charges of $786,000 and $786,000, respectively, related to rent on its corporate office, from a trust of which William H. Lyon is the sole beneficiary. The current lease expires in March 2013 and the Company has decided to relocate its corporate office upon expiration of the lease. The Company has entered into a lease for the new location with an unrelated third party.

Note 13—Income Taxes

On December 19, 2011, the Parent and certain of its subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. On February 25, 2012, the group of companies emerged from the Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings.

The following summarizes the (provision) benefit from income taxes (in thousands):

 

 

     Successor      Predecessor  
     Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
     Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
     Year Ended
December 31,
 
           2011     2010  

Current

          

Interest on uncertain tax provisions

   $ —         $ —         $ —        $ 75   

Federal

     —           —           —          347   

State

     (11      —           (10     (10
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ (11    $ —         $ (10   $ 412   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income taxes differ from the amounts computed by applying the applicable federal statutory rates due to the following (in thousands):

 

     Successor            Predecessor  
     Period from
February 25
through
December 31,

2012
           Period from
January 1
through
February 24,

2012
    Year Ended
December 31,
 
                2011     2010  

Benefit (provision) for federal income taxes at the statuatory rate

   $ 3,098           $ (79,935   $ 67,662      $ 48,019   

Provision for state income taxes, net of federal income tax benefits

     (7                 (6     (6

Valuation allowance

     (2,195          (14,991     (66,265     (47,949

Nondeductible items-reorganization costs

     (709          94,925        (1,379       

Nondeductible items-other

     (194          (3     (22       

Other

     (4          4               348   
  

 

 

        

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ (11        $      $ (10   $ 412   
  

 

 

        

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Temporary differences giving rise to deferred income taxes consist of the following (in thousands):

 

     December 31,  
     2012     2011  

Deferred tax assets

    

Impairment and other reserves

   $ 73,947      $ 102,216   

Compensation deductible for tax purposes when paid

     987        970   

State income tax provisions deductible when paid for federal tax purposes

     4        3   

Effect of book/tax differences for joint ventures

     1,002        1,563   

Effect of book/tax differences for capitalized interest/general and administrative

           891   

Other

     318        318   

AMT credit carryover

     2,698        2,698   

Unused recognized built-in loss

     16,349         

Net operating loss

     113,314        99,586   

Valuation allowance

     (200,048     (202,322
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
     8,571        5,923   

Deferred tax liabilities

    

Effect of book/tax differences for joint ventures

     (5,597     (5,923

Effect of book/tax differences for capitalized interest/general and administrative

     (2,974      
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
     (8,571     (5,923
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $     $  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

At December 31, 2012, the Company had gross federal and state net operating loss carryforwards totaling approximately $243.8 million and $508.3 million, respectively. Federal net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2028 and state net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2013. In addition, as of December 31, 2012, the Company had unused federal and state built-in losses of $42.1 million and $27.9 million, respectively, which expire in 2017.

In connection with the Company’s emergence from the Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings, the Company experienced an “ownership change” as defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, or the IRC, as of February 25, 2012. Section 382 of the IRC contains rules that limit the ability of a company that undergoes an “ownership change” to utilize its net operating loss carryforwards and certain built-in losses or deductions recognized during the five-year period after the ownership change. The Company is able to retain a portion of its U.S. federal and state net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, or the “Tax Attributes”, in connection with the ownership change. However the IRC, Sections 382 and 383 provide an annual limitation with respect to the ability of a corporation to utilize its Tax Attributes against future U.S. taxable income in the event of a change in ownership. In the Company’s situation, the limitation under the IRC will generally be based on the value of the equity (for purposes of the applicable tax rules) on or immediately following the time of emergence. As a result, the Company’s future U.S. taxable income may not be fully offset by the Tax Attributes if such income exceeds the Company’s annual limitation, and the Company may incur a tax liability with respect to such income. In addition, subsequent changes in ownership for purposes of the IRC could further diminish the Company’s ability to utilize Tax Attributes.

In assessing the benefits of the deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers taxable income in carry back years, the scheduled

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

reversal of deferred tax liabilities, tax planning strategies and projected future taxable income in making this assessment. As of December 31, 2012, due to uncertainties surrounding the realization of the cumulative federal and state deferred tax assets, the Company has a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets. The valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $200.0 million, $202.3 million and $125.8 million, respectively.

Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”) which is now codified as FASB ASC 740 , Income Taxes . FASB ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement criteria for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be considered more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company has taken positions in certain taxing jurisdictions for which it is more likely than not that previously unrecognized tax benefits will be recognized. The Company records interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of the provision for income taxes. At January 1, 2008, and for the years ended December 31, 2008 through December 31, 2012, the Company has no unrecognized tax benefits.

In compliance with the Company’s election to recognize interest income (expense) and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in the income tax provision, $75,000 of interest income related to the income tax refund receivable, recorded under the provisions of FASB ASC 740, is included in the benefit from income taxes for the twelve months ended December 31, 2010.

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions. The Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax examination for calendar tax years ending 2009 through 2012. The Company is subject to various state income tax examinations for calendar tax years ending 2008 through 2012.

Note 14—Business Combination

The Company acquired 100% of various entities which operate under the Village Homes brand (“Village Homes”) in the Denver metropolitan area, Fort Collins, and Granby, Colorado markets on December 7, 2012. The purchase price was $33.2 million in cash and the acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations . Village Homes immediately began operating as a division of the Company, as its Colorado segment. The Village Homes brand was established in 1984 and has been a leading developer and builder of move-up homes, selling more than 10,000 homes in the Denver area over the past 25 years. The acquisition of Village Homes allowed the Company to expand into the Denver market, one of the largest and fastest growing housing markets in the United States, adding a fifth region while diversifying the Company’s existing portfolio. The acquisition eliminated lead-time and start-up costs of expanding into a new market, and provided a platform that can grow significantly without the need for additional general and administrative expenses.

The assets and liabilities acquired through the purchase of Village Homes were as follows (in thousands):

 

Real estate inventories owned

   $ 32,923   

Other assets, net

     1,463   

Intangibles

     907   

Receivables

     70   

Accounts payable

     (1,029

Accrued expenses

     (1,133
  

 

 

 

Cash paid for acquisitions, net

   $ 33,201   
  

 

 

 

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

In connection with the acquisition of Village Homes, the Company incurred acquisition related expenses of $0.2 million which are included in general and administrative expense in the consolidated statement of operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012.

Since acquisition, Village Homes contributed $5.4 million in home sales revenue and $0.01 million in net income which is included in the consolidated statement of operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012.

For the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011, the below unaudited pro forma information has been prepared to give effect to the Village Homes acquisition as if it occurred on January 1, 2011 (in thousands except number of shares and per share data):

 

     (unaudited)  
     Successor            Predecessor  
     Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
   

 

   Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
     Year Ended
December 31,
2011
 

Revenue

   $ 405,635           $ 28,521       $ 261,933   

Net (loss) income available to common stockholders

   $ (9,617        $ 228,074       $ (189,457

(Loss) income per common share, basic and diluted

   $ (0.09        $ 228,074       $ (189,457

Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted

     103,037,842             1,000         1,000   

The pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that would have been obtained had the acquisitions occurred at the beginning of the periods presented, nor are they necessarily indicative of future operating results.

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Note 15—(Loss) Income Per Common Share

Basic and diluted (loss) income per common share for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 were calculated as follows (in thousands, except number of shares and per share amounts):

 

     Successor            Predecessor  
     Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
           Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
     Year Ended
December 31,
 
             2011     2010  

Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding

     103,037,842             1,000         1,000        1,000   

Effect of dilutive securities:

              

Preferred shares, stock options, and warrants (1)

     —               N/A         N/A        N/A   
  

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted average shares outstanding

     103,037,842             1,000         1,000        1,000   

Net (loss) income available to common stockholders

   $ (11,602        $ 228,383       $ (193,330   $ (136,786
  

 

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Basic (loss) income per common share

   $ (0.11        $ 228,383       $ (193,330   $ (136,786

Dilutive (loss) income per common share

   $ (0.11        $ 228,383       $ (193,330   $ (136,786

Antidilutive securities not included in the calculation of diluted (loss) income per common share (weighted average):

              

Preferred shares

     68,002,529             N/A         N/A        N/A   

Vested stock options

     3,171,535             N/A         N/A        N/A   

Unvested stock options

     1,585,767             N/A         N/A        N/A   

Warrants

     15,737,294             N/A         N/A        N/A   

 

(1) For periods with a net loss, all potentially dilutive shares related to the preferred shares, options to acquire common stock, and warrants were excluded from the diluted loss per common share calculations because the effect of their inclusion would be antidilutive, or would decrease the reported loss per common share.

Note 16—Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock

As of December 31, 2012, there were 77,005,744 shares of Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or the Convertible Preferred Stock, outstanding, of which 64,831,831 shares were issued in accordance with our plan of reorganization, in exchange for aggregate cash consideration of $50.0 million. In conjunction with the application of fresh start accounting, the fair value of the Convertible Preferred Stock was $56.4 million upon emergence.

On October 12, 2012, the Company entered into a Subscription Agreement between the Company and WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and investment vehicle managed by affiliates of Paulson & Co. Inc. (“Paulson”), pursuant to which, the Company issued to Paulson (i) 15,238,095 shares of Class A Common Stock, for $16.0 million in cash and (ii) 12,173,913 shares of the Company’s Convertible Preferred Stock, for $14.0 million in cash, for an aggregate purchase price of $30.0 million.

Our Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Charter”) authorizes the issuance of up to 80,000,000 shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock, in one or more series and with such rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, redemption provisions (including sinking fund

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

provisions), dividend rights, dividend rates, liquidation rates, liquidation preferences and conversion rights, as our board of directors may determine without further action by the holders of common stock.

Holders of our Convertible Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative dividends at a rate of 6% per annum consisting of (i) cash dividends at the rate of 4% paid quarterly in arrears, and (ii) accreting dividends accruing at the rate of 2% per annum (the “Convertible Preferred Dividends”). During the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the company recorded preferred stock dividends of $2.7 million. During the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, $1.7 million was paid in cash and $0.9 million of accreting dividends are included in Convertible Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2012.

In the event that the Corporation declares or pays any dividends upon any Common Stock (whether payable in cash, securities, other property or otherwise), the Corporation shall also declare and pay to the holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock at the same time that it declares and pays such dividends to the holders of such Common Stock the dividends declared and paid with respect to such Common Stock as if all of the outstanding Convertible Preferred Stock had been converted into such Common Stock immediately prior to the record date for such dividend, or if no record date is fixed, the date as of which the record holders of such Common Stock entitled to such dividends are to be determined.

Upon the occurrence of the Conversion Date (as defined in the Charter), each share of Convertible Preferred Stock will automatically convert into such number of fully paid and non-assessable shares of Class A Common Stock as is determined by dividing the Convertible Preferred Original Issue Price (as defined in the Charter) by the then applicable Convertible Preferred Conversion Price (as defined in the Charter). In connection with any such conversion, the Company will also pay (i) any accrued but unpaid Convertible Preferred Dividends on any shares of Convertible Preferred Stock being converted (including, without limitation, any accreting dividends not previously paid), which amounts will be paid in cash out of funds legally available therefore if such payment would not violate any covenants imposed by agreements entered into in good faith governing the indebtedness of the Company and its subsidiaries, or, to the extent not so permitted or so available, in shares of Class A Common Stock, based on the fair market value of such common stock at such time, and (ii) in cash, the value of any fractional share of Class A Common Stock otherwise issuable to any such Convertible Preferred Stockholder.

To the extent not previously converted to common stock, the Company will redeem all the outstanding shares of Convertible Preferred Stock on the fifteenth anniversary of the date of first issuance at a price per share payable in cash and equal to the Convertible Preferred Original Issue Price plus accrued and unpaid Convertible Preferred Dividends in respect thereof.

The Company initially recorded the redeemable convertible preferred stock at its fair value based on the option pricing model stated above in Note 3. Since the initial measurement and recording of the redeemable convertible preferred stock is greater than its redemption value, the Company would assess the probability of redemption at each reporting date. As of December 31, 2012, the preferred stock is not currently redeemable and ultimate redemption is not currently probable, since the redemption would only occur if the preferred stock is still outstanding in 15 years. In addition, the preferred stock will likely convert to common shares prior to that date. At such time that redemption was deemed probable, the Company would adjust the carrying value to its redemption value with the offsetting adjustment to additional paid in capital. Further, upon a conversion of the preferred into common shares, the carrying value of the preferred stock would be reclassified to common stock and additional paid in capital on that date. The redemption value of the redeemable convertible preferred stock as of December 31, 2012 was $64.0 million, excluding the accreted dividends of $0.9 million.

 

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Note 17—Equity

Common Stock

As of December 31, 2012, we had 120,105,557 shares of common stock outstanding. In conjunction with the Plan as discussed in Notes 2, 3 and 4, the Company issued the following shares of common stock: (i) 44,793,255 shares of Class A, $0.01 par value per share, in exchange for old senior notes claims, as described above, (ii) 31,464,548 shares of Class B, $0.01 par value per share, in exchange for aggregate consideration of $25 million, and a warrant to purchase 15,737,294 shares of Class B Common Stock, at $2.07 per share, (iii) 12,966,366 shares of Class C, $0.01 par value per share, in exchange for cash consideration of $10.0 million, and (iv) the issuance of an additional 3,144,000 shares of Class C Common Stock to Luxor Capital Group LP as a transaction fee in consideration for providing the backstop commitment of the offering of Class C shares and shares of Convertible Preferred Stock in connection with the Plan. In December 2012, an affiliate of Luxor Capital Group LP elected to convert 90,028 shares of its Class C Common Stock into 90,028 shares of Class A Common Stock.

On June 28, 2012, the Company consummated the purchase of certain real property (comprising of approximately 165 acres) in San Diego County, California; San Bernardino County, California; Maricopa County, Arizona; and Clark County, Nevada, representing seven separate residential for sale developments, comprising of over 1,000 lots. The aggregate purchase price of the property was $21.5 million. The Company paid $11.0 million cash, and issued 10,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, to investment vehicles managed by affiliates of Colony Capital, LLC as consideration for the property.

On October 1, 2012, the Company approved the grant of an aggregate of 3,120,000 restricted shares of Class D common stock of the Company, and an aggregate of 4,757,302 options to purchase shares of Class D common stock of the Company, of which 1,115,302 represent “five-year” options and 3,642,000 represent “ten-year” options to certain officers of California Lyon. In addition, the Company granted 256,500 shares of Restricted Stock to its non-employee directors, which were fully vested on the date of grant.

On October 12, 2012, the Company entered into a Subscription Agreement between the Company and WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and investment vehicle managed by affiliates of Paulson & Co. Inc. (“Paulson”), pursuant to which, the Company issued to Paulson (i) 15,238,095 shares of Class A Common Stock, for $16.0 million in cash and (ii) 12,173,913 shares of the Company’s Convertible Preferred Stock, for $14.0 million in cash, for an aggregate purchase price of $30.0 million.

Upon the occurrence of the Conversion Date, each share of Class C Common Stock will automatically convert into one share of Class A Common Stock, and each share of Class B Common Stock will automatically convert into one share of Class A Common Stock, if a majority of the shares of Class B Common Stock then outstanding vote in favor of such conversion. If, at any time (whether before, on or after the Conversion Date),

any share of Class B Common Stock is not owned, beneficially or of record, by either General William Lyon or William H. Lyon, their sibling, spouses and lineal descendants, any entities wholly owned by one or more of the foregoing persons, or any trusts or other estate planning vehicles for the benefit of any of the foregoing, then such share of Class B Common Stock will automatically convert into one share of Class A Common Stock.

All of our outstanding shares of common stock have been validly issued and fully paid and are non-assessable. The rights of the holders of common stock will be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of preferred stock. Holders of our common stock have no preference, exchange, sinking fund, redemption or appraisal rights and have no preemptive rights to subscribe for any of our securities.

With the exception of the dividends to be paid out to holders of our Convertible Preferred Stock, the Company does not intend to declare or pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any determination to pay

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

dividends to holders of our common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors. The payment of cash dividends is restricted under the terms of our Amended and Restated Senior Secured Term Loan Agreement and the indenture governing the Notes.

In conjunction with the adoption of fresh start accounting, the Company allocated the fair market value of the common stock of $43.1 million as of February 24, 2012.

Warrants

The holders of Class B Common Stock hold warrants to purchase 15,737,294 shares of Class B Common Stock at an exercise price of $2.07 per share. The expiration date of the Class B Warrants is February 24, 2017. The Warrants were assigned a value of $1.0 million in conjunction with the adoption of fresh start accounting and are recorded in additional paid-in capital.

Note 18—Stock Based Compensation

In 2012, the Company adopted the William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan was approved by the Board of Directors and the Company’s stockholders, and is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board. The provisions of the Plan allow for a variety of stock-based compensation awards, including stock options, stock appreciation rights, or SARs, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, deferred stock awards, deferred stock unit awards, dividend equivalent awards, stock payment awards and performance awards and other stock-based awards, to certain executives, directors, and non-executives of California Lyon. The Company believes that such awards provide a means of compensation to attract and retain qualified employees and better align the interests of our employees with those of our stockholders. Option awards are granted with an exercise price equal to the market price at the date of grant.

Under the plan, 13,699,565 shares of the Company’s Class D common stock have been reserved for issuance. In 2012, the Company granted an aggregate of 2,499,293 restricted shares of Class D common stock of the Company, and an aggregate of 4,757,302 stock options to purchase shares of Class D common stock of the Company, of which 1,115,302 represent “five-year” options and 3,642,000 represent “ten-year” options.

The five-year options are subject to mandatory exercise upon the earlier of an initial public offering (“IPO”) of the Company, or five years, provided, that if the IPO occurs prior to the applicable vesting date of the options, such options will be exercised upon the applicable vesting date. The five-year options and ten-year options will be incentive stock options to the maximum extent permitted by law. Each of the restricted stock and option awards vests as follows: 50% of the shares and options vested on October 1, 2012, the date of grant, with the remaining 50% of the shares and options vesting in three equal installments on each of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, subject to the recipient’s continued employment through the applicable vesting date and accelerated vesting as set forth in the applicable award agreement. In addition, the Company granted 256,500 shares of Restricted Stock to its non-employee directors, which were fully vested on the date of grant.

The Company uses the fair value method of accounting for stock options granted to employees which requires us to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for the stock options, based on the grant date fair value of the award. The fair value of the awards is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The resulting cost is recognized on a straight line basis over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period.

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

The fair value of each employee option awarded was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions.

 

     Period from
February 25, 2012
through December 31,
     2012     2011    2010

Expected dividend yield

     0   N/A    N/A

Risk-free interest rate

     0.55   N/A    N/A

Expected volatility

     79   N/A    N/A

Expected life (in years)

     4.73      N/A    N/A

The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires inputs such as the risk-free interest rate, expected term and expected volatility. Further, the forfeiture rate also affects the amount of aggregate compensation. These inputs are subjective and generally require significant judgment.

The risk-free interest rate that we use is based on the United States Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant for zero coupon United States Treasury notes with maturities approximating each grant’s expected life. Given our limited history with employee grants, we use the “simplified” method in estimating the expected term for our employee grants. The “simplified” method is calculated as the average of the time-to-vesting and the contractual life of the options. Our expected volatility is derived from the historical volatilities of several unrelated public companies within the homebuilding industry, because we have no trading history on our common stock. When making the selections of our peer companies within the homebuilding industry to be used in the volatility calculation, we also considered the stage of development, size and financial leverage of potential comparable companies. We estimate our forfeiture rate based on an analysis of our actual forfeitures, of which we had none, and will continue to evaluate the appropriateness of the forfeiture rate based on actual forfeiture experience, analysis of employee turnover behavior and other factors.

Summary of Stock Option Activity

Stock option activity under the Plan at December 31, 2012 and changes during the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 were as follows (there is no activity in prior periods as the options were granted in the fourth quarter of 2012):

 

     Period from February 25, 2012 through
December 31, 2012
 
     Options      Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (in years)
     Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 

Options outstanding at beginning of year

     —            N/A         N/A         N/A   

Granted (1)

     4,757,302       $ 1.05         4.48       $  —     

Exercised

     —            N/A         N/A         N/A   

Cancelled

     —            N/A         N/A         N/A   

Options outstanding at end of year

     4,757,302       $ 1.05         4.48       $ —     

Options vested and expected to vest

     4,757,302       $ 1.05         4.48       $ —     

Options exercisable at end of year (2)

     3,171,535       $ 1.05         4.48       $ —     

Price range of options exercised

     N/A            

Price range of options outstanding

   $ 1.05            

Total shares available for future grants at end of year

     6,442,970            

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

(1) The weighted average grant date fair value of the stock options was $0.64.
(2) The fair value of shares vested during the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 was $2.0 million.

The following table summarizes information associated with stock options granted to executives, directors, and non-executives that are vested and expected to vest in future reporting periods:

 

     Period from February 25, 2012 through
December 31, 2012
 
     Number of
Shares
     Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (in years)
     Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 

Executives

     4,467,892       $ 1.05         

Directors

     —            N/A         

Non-Executives

     289,410       $ 1.05         
  

 

 

          

Total

     4,757,302       $ 1.05         4.48       $  —     

The following table summarizes information associated with stock options granted to executives, directors, and non-executives that are exercisable at December 31, 2012:

 

     Period from February 25, 2012 through
December 31, 2012
 
     Number of
Shares
     Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (in years)
     Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 

Executives

     2,978,595       $ 1.05         

Directors

     —            N/A         

Non-Executives

     192,940       $ 1.05         
  

 

 

          

Total

     3,171,535       $ 1.05         4.48       $  —     

Summary of Nonvested (Restricted) Shares Activity

 

     Period from February 25, 2012
through December 31, 2012
 
     Number of
Shares
     Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
 

Non-vested shares at beginning of year

     —            N/A   

Granted

     2,499,293       $ 1.05   

Vested

     1,592,965       $ 1.05   

Cancelled

     —          $ 1.05   

Non-vested shares at end of year

     906,328       $ 1.05   

In conjunction with the issuance of the equity grants in October 2012, the Company recorded stock based compensation expense of $3.7 million which is included in general and administrative expense in the consolidated statement of operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and expects to record approximately $1.0 million per year thereafter. There was no stock based compensation expense recognized in the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010. As of December 31, 2012, $2.0 million of

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

total unrecognized stock based compensation expense is expected to be recognized as an expense by the Company in the future over a weighted average period of two years. The total value of restricted stock awards which fully vested during the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 was $1.7 million. There is no recognized tax benefit for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, period from January 1, 2012 through February 25, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011, and 2010.

Note 19—Commitments and Contingencies

The Company’s commitments and contingent liabilities include the usual obligations incurred by real estate developers in the normal course of business. In the opinion of management, these matters will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

The Company is a defendant in various lawsuits related to its normal business activities. We believe that the accruals we have recorded for probable and reasonably estimable losses with respect to these proceedings are adequate and that, as of December 31, 2012, it was not reasonably possible that an additional material loss had been incurred in an amount in excess of the estimated amounts already recognized on our consolidated financial statements. We evaluate our accruals for litigation and regulatory proceedings at least quarterly and, as appropriate, adjust them to reflect (i) the facts and circumstances known to us at the time, including information regarding negotiations, settlements, rulings and other relevant events and developments; (ii) the advice and analyses of counsel; and (iii) the assumptions and judgment of management. Similar factors and considerations are used in establishing new accruals for proceedings as to which losses have become probable and reasonably estimable at the time an evaluation is made. Based on our experience, we believe that the amounts that may be claimed or alleged against us in these proceedings are not a meaningful indicator of our potential liability. The outcome of any of these proceedings, including the defense and other litigation-related costs and expenses we may incur, however, is inherently uncertain and could differ significantly from the estimate reflected in a related accrual, if made. Therefore, it is possible that the ultimate outcome of any proceeding, if in excess of a related accrual or if no accrual had been made, could be material to our consolidated financial statements.

We have non-cancelable operating leases primarily associated with our office facilities. Rent expense under cancelable and non-cancelable operating leases totaled $2.6 million, $0.7 million, $4.4 million and $4.4 million in the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and is included in general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of operations for the respective periods. The table below shows the future minimum payments under non-cancelable operating leases at December 31, 2012 (in thousands).

 

Year Ended December 31

      

2013

   $ 1,349   

2014

     1,260   

2015

     618   

2016

     556   

2017

     580   

Thereafter

     2,654   
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 7,017   
  

 

 

 

In some jurisdictions in which the Company develops and constructs property, assessment district bonds are issued by municipalities to finance major infrastructure improvements. As a land owner benefited by these improvements, the Company is responsible for the assessments on its land. When properties are sold, the

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

assessments are either prepaid or the buyers assume the responsibility for the related assessments. Assessment district bonds issued after May 21, 1992 are accounted for under the provisions of EITF 91-10, “Accounting for Special Assessment and Tax Increment Financing Entities” issued by the Emerging Issues Task Force of the Financial Accounting Standards Board on May 21, 1992, now codified as FASB ASC Topic 970-470, Real Estate—Debt , and recorded as liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet, if the amounts are fixed and determinable.

As of December 31, 2012, the Company had $0.9 million in deposits as collateral for outstanding irrevocable standby letters of credit to guarantee the Company’s financial obligations under certain contractual arrangements in the normal course of business. The standby letters of credit were secured by cash as reflected as restricted cash on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The beneficiary may draw upon these letters of credit in the event of a contractual default by the Company relating to each respective obligation. These letters of credit generally have a stated term of 12 months and have varying maturities throughout 2013, at which time the Company may be required to renew to coincide with the term of the respective arrangement.

The Company also had outstanding performance and surety bonds of $64.4 million at December 31, 2012 related principally to its obligations for site improvements at various projects. The Company does not believe that draws upon these bonds, if any, will have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had $60.9 million of project commitments relating to the construction of projects.

The Company has provided unsecured environmental indemnities to certain lenders, joint venture partners and land sellers. In each case, the Company has performed due diligence on the potential environmental risks including obtaining an independent environmental review from outside environmental consultants. These indemnities obligate the Company to reimburse the guaranteed parties for damages related to environmental matters. There is no term or damage limitation on these indemnities; however, if an environmental matter arises, the Company could have recourse against other previous owners.

See Note 10 for additional information relating to the Company’s guarantee arrangements.

In addition to the land bank agreements discussed below, the Company has entered into various purchase option agreements with third parties to acquire land. As of December 31, 2012, the Company has made non-refundable deposits of $3.8 million. The Company is under no obligation to purchase the land, but would forfeit remaining deposits if the land were not purchased. The total purchase price under the option agreements is $97.1 million as of December 31, 2012.

Land Banking Arrangements

The Company enters into purchase agreements with various land sellers. As a method of acquiring land in staged takedowns, thereby minimizing the use of funds from the Company’s available cash or other corporate financing sources and limiting the Company’s risk, the Company transfers the Company’s right in such purchase agreements to entities owned by third parties (“land banking arrangements”). These entities use equity contributions and/or incur debt to finance the acquisition and development of the land. The entities grant the Company an option to acquire lots in staged takedowns. In consideration for this option, the Company makes a non-refundable deposit of 15% to 25% of the total purchase price. The Company is under no obligation to purchase the balance of the lots, but would forfeit existing deposits and could be subject to penalties if the lots were not purchased. The Company does not have legal title to these entities or their assets and has not guaranteed their liabilities. These land banking arrangements help the Company manage the financial and market risk

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

associated with land holdings. ASC 810 requires the consolidation of the assets, liabilities and operations of the Company’s land banking arrangements that are VIEs, of which none existed at December 31, 2012.

The Company participates in one land banking arrangement, which is not a VIE in accordance with ASC 810, but which is consolidated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 470, Debt (“ASC 470”). Under the provisions of ASC 470, the Company has determined it is economically compelled, based on certain factors, to purchase the land in the land banking arrangement. The Company has recorded the remaining purchase price of the land of $39.0 million, which is included in real estate inventories not owned and liabilities from inventories not owned in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2012, and represents the remaining net cash to be paid on the remaining land takedowns.

In 2012, the Company made additional deposits of $2.5 million. In conjunction with the deposits, the Company reduced real estate inventories not owned and liabilities from inventories not owned in the amount of $2.5 million.

Summary information with respect to the Company’s land banking arrangements is as follows as of the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

 

     Successor    

 

   Predecessor  
     December 31,  
     2012    

 

   2011  

Total number of land banking projects

     1             1   
  

 

 

   

 

  

 

 

 

Total number of lots (1)

     610             625   
  

 

 

   

 

  

 

 

 

Total purchase price

   $ 161,465           $ 161,465   
  

 

 

   

 

  

 

 

 

Balance of lots still under option and not purchased:

         

Number of lots

     199             225   
  

 

 

   

 

  

 

 

 

Purchase price

   $ 39,029           $ 47,408   
  

 

 

   

 

  

 

 

 

Forfeited deposits if lots are not purchased

   $ 27,734           $ 25,234   
  

 

 

   

 

  

 

 

 

 

(1) Total number of lots in the land banking project was reduced by 15 as of December 31, 2012 as compared to December 31, 2011 because of a change in product mix in future projects.

Note 20—Subsequent Events

No events have occurred subsequent to December 31, 2012, other than that listed below, that have required recognition or disclosure in the Company’s financial statements.

On May 21, 2013, the Company completed its initial public offering of 10,005,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, which consisted of 7,177,500 shares sold by the Company and 2,827,500 shares sold by the selling stockholder. The 10,005,000 shares in the offering were sold at a price to the public of $25.00 per share. The Company raised total net proceeds of approximately $165.0 million in the offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholder.

In connection with the offering, the Company completed a common stock recapitalization which included a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class A Common Stock (the “Class A Reverse Split”), the conversion of all

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

outstanding shares of the Company’s Class C Common Stock, Class D Common Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock into Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis and as automatically adjusted for the Class A Reverse Split, and a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class B Common Stock. Upon completion of the offering, the Company had 27,623,629 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding, excluding shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options, and 3,813,885 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding, excluding shares underlying a warrant to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock. The warrant was amended to extend the term from five years to ten years, and the Warrant will now expire on February 24, 2022.

The tables below show the proforma effect of the 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split as of and for the Successor periods presented. The 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split should not be retroactively applied to the Predecessor periods as the Company’s reorganization was a recapitalization event, thus the Predecessor period is not meant to be comparable with the Successor period.

 

     December 31, 2012  
     Before
stock split
     After
stock split
 

William Lyon Homes shares outstanding

     

Common stock, Class A

     70,121,378         8,499,558   

Common stock, Class B

     31,464,548         3,813,885   

Common stock, Class C

     16,020,338         1,941,859   

Common stock, Class D

     2,499,293         302,945   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total number of shares outstanding

     120,105,557         14,558,246   

 

     Period from February 25
through December 31, 2012
 
     Before
stock split
    After
stock split
 

(Loss) income per common share, basic and diluted

   $ (0.11   $ (0.93

Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted

     103,037,842        12,489,435   

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Note 21— Unaudited Summarized Quarterly Financial Information

Summarized unaudited quarterly financial information for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows (in thousands except per share data):

 

     Predecessor            Successor  
   Period from
January 1
through

February  24,
2012
       Period from
February 25
through

March  31,
2012
                   
          Three Months Ended  
            June 30,     September 30,     December 31,  
          2012     2012     2012  

Sales

   $ 16,687           $ 15,109      $ 145,051      $ 85,942      $ 102,833   

Cost of sales

     (14,598          (13,063     (131,272     (70,795     (82,859
  

 

 

        

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

     2,089             2,046        13,779        15,147        19,974   

Other income, costs and expenses, net

     226,408             (7,028     (14,836     (14,681     (21,262
  

 

 

        

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

     228,497             (4,982     (1,057     466        (1,288
  

 

 

        

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

   $ 228,383           $ (5,351   $ (2,550   $ (1,507   $ (2,194
  

 

 

        

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) per common share, basic and diluted

   $ 228,383           $ (0.06   $ (0.03   $ (0.01   $ (0.02

 

     Predecessor  
     Three Months Ended  
     March 31,     June 30,     September 30,     December 31,  
     2011     2011     2011     2011  

Sales

   $ 36,574      $ 57,795      $ 53,703      $ 58,983   

Cost of sales

     (31,885     (51,121     (46,645     (59,072
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit (loss)

     4,689        6,674        7,058        (89

Other income, costs and expenses, net

     (15,866     (17,759     (46,758     (130,837
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss

     (11,177     (11,095     (39,700     (130,926

Net loss attributable to William Lyon Homes

   $ (11,225   $ (11,171   $ (39,634   $ (131,300
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss per common share, basic and diluted

   $ (11,225   $ (11,171   $ (39,634   $ (131,300

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands except number of shares and par value per share)

 

     Successor  
     September 30,
2013
    December 31,
2012
 
     (unaudited)        
ASSETS     

Cash and cash equivalents — Note 1

   $ 81,922      $ 71,075   

Restricted cash — Note 1

     853        853   

Receivables

     21,655        14,789   

Real estate inventories — Note 4

    

Owned

     640,162        421,630   

Not owned

     20,738        39,029   

Deferred loan costs, net

     8,088        7,036   

Goodwill

     14,209        14,209   

Intangibles, net of accumulated amortization of $6,930 as of September 30, 2013 and $5,757 as of December 31, 2012

     3,446        4,620   

Other assets, net

     7,880        7,906   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 798,953      $ 581,147   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY     

Accounts payable

   $ 19,400      $ 18,735   

Accrued expenses

     60,391        41,770   

Liabilities from inventories not owned — Note 12

     20,738        39,029   

Notes payable — Note 5

     35,471        13,248   

  1 / 2 % Senior Notes due November 15, 2020 — Note 5

     325,000        325,000   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
     461,000        437,782   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies — Note 12

    

Redeemable convertible preferred stock:

    

Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; zero and 9,696,970 shares authorized; zero and 9,334,030 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively

     —          71,246   

Equity:

    

William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity

    

Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 10,000,000 and no shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively

     —          —     

Common stock, Class A, par value $0.01 per share; 150,000,000 and 41,212,121 shares authorized; 27,626,840 and 8,499,558 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively

     276        85   

Common stock, Class B, par value $0.01 per share; 30,000,000 and 6,060,606 shares authorized; 3,813,884 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012

     38        38   

Common stock, Class C, par value $0.01 per share; zero and 14,545,455 shares authorized; zero and 1,941,859 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively

     —          20   

Common stock, Class D, par value $0.01 per share; zero and 3,636,364 shares authorized; zero and 302,945 shares outstanding at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively

     —          3   

Additional paid-in capital

     310,376        74,168   

Accumulated deficit

     (722     (11,602
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity

     309,968        62,712   

Noncontrolling interest — Note 2

     27,985        9,407   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity

     337,953        72,119   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

   $ 798,953      $ 581,147   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands except number of shares and per share data)

(unaudited)

 

     Successor     Predecessor  
     Three
Months Ended
September 30,
2013
    Three
Months Ended
September 30,
2012
    Nine
Months Ended
September 30,
2013
    Period from
February 25
through
September  30,
2012
    Period from
January 1
through
February  24,
2012
 

Operating revenue

          

Home sales

   $ 141,352      $ 76,617      $ 338,434      $ 145,977      $ 16,687   

Lots, land and other sales

     —          9,325        3,248        100,125        —     

Construction services — Note 1

     9,478        7,045        21,439        16,473        8,883   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     150,830        92,987        363,121        262,575        25,570   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating costs

          

Cost of sales — homes

     (107,957     (63,012     (267,932     (122,155     (14,598

Cost of sales — lots, land and other

     —          (7,783     (2,838     (92,975     —     

Construction services — Note 1

     (8,135     (6,410     (17,472     (15,061     (8,223

Sales and marketing

     (6,679     (4,172     (17,482     (8,835     (1,944

General and administrative

     (10,200     (5,440     (28,016     (13,925     (3,302

Amortization of intangible assets

     (191     (1,640     (1,173     (5,034     —     

Other

     (695     (945     (1,746     (2,402     (187
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     (133,857     (89,402     (336,659     (260,387     (28,254
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

     16,973        3,585        26,462        2,188        (2,684

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized — Note 1

     (51     (2,491     (2,602     (7,327     (2,507

Other income, net

     114        95        257        1,471        230   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before reorganization items

     17,036        1,189        24,117        (3,668     (4,961

Reorganization items, net

     —          (712     (464     (1,894     233,458   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before provision for income taxes

     17,036        477        23,653        (5,562     228,497   

Provision for income taxes — Note 8

     (6,356     (11     (6,366     (11     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

     10,680        466        17,287        (5,573     228,497   

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

     (3,118     (1,218     (4,879     (2,038     (114
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to William Lyon Homes

     7,562        (752     12,408        (7,611     228,383   

Preferred stock dividends

     —          (755     (1,528     (1,798     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

   $ 7,562      $ (1,507   $ 10,880      $ (9,409   $ 228,383   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) per common share:

          

Basic

   $ 0.24      $ (0.12   $ 0.48      $ (0.80   $ 228,383   

Diluted

   $ 0.24      $ (0.12   $ 0.46      $ (0.80   $ 228,383   

Weighted average common shares outstanding:

          

Basic

     30,975,160        12,408,263        22,569,810        11,716,413        1,000   

Diluted

     31,895,814        12,408,263        23,446,954        11,716,413        1,000   

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

 

     William Lyon Homes Stockholders              
     Common Stock      Additional
Paid-In
Capital
    Accumulated
Deficit
    Non-
Controlling
Interest
       
     Shares      Amount            Total  

Balance—December 31, 2012

     14,558       $ 146       $ 74,168      $ (11,602   $ 9,407      $ 72,119   

Net income

     —           —           —          12,408        4,879        17,287   

Cash contributions by members of consolidated entities

     —           —           —          —          35,399        35,399   

Cash distributions to members of consolidated entities

     —           —           —          —          (21,700     (21,700

Conversion of redeemable convertible preferred stock to Class A common stock

     9,334         93         70,293        —          —          70,386   

Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs

     7,178         72         163,711        —          —          163,783   

Issuance of restricted stock

     371         3         (3     —          —          —     

Stock based compensation

     —           —           2,207        —          —          2,207   

Preferred stock dividends

     —           —           —          (1,528     —          (1,528
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance—September 30, 2013

     31,441       $ 314       $ 310,376      $ (722   $ 27,985      $ 337,953   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

 

     Successor     Predecessor  
     Nine
Months Ended
September 30,
2013
    Period from
February 25
through
September  30,
2012
    Period from
January 1
through
February  24,
2012
 

Operating activities

      

Net income (loss)

   $ 17,287      $ (5,573   $ 228,497   

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:

      

Depreciation and amortization

     2,184        5,640        586   

Stock based compensation expense

     2,207        —          —     

Loss on sale of property and equipment

     4        —          —     

Reorganization items:

      

Cancellation of debt

     —          —          (298,831

Plan implementation and fresh start adjustments

     —          —          49,302   

Write off of deferred loan costs

     —          —          8,258   

Loss on extinguishment of debt

     —          (975     —     

Net changes in operating assets and liabilities:

      

Restricted cash

     —          (35     —     

Receivables

     (6,866     (1,514     941   

Real estate inventories — owned

     (202,294     49,817        (7,047

Real estate inventories — not owned

     18,291        1,250        1,250   

Other assets

     3,110        616        206   

Accounts payable

     665        1,487        4,618   

Accrued expenses

     18,784        6,526        (3,851

Liabilities from real estate inventories not owned

     (18,291     (1,250     (1,250
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

     (164,919     55,989        (17,321
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investing activities

      

Purchases of property and equipment

     (3,359     (53     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

     (3,359     (53     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financing activities

      

Proceeds from borrowings on notes payable

     51,444        —          —     

Principal payments on notes payable

     (45,459     (62,557     (616

Proceeds from reorganization

     —          —          30,971   

Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred stock

     —          —          50,000   

Proceeds from debtor in possession financing

     —          —          5,000   

Principal payment of debtor in possession financing

     —          —          (5,000

Payment of deferred loan costs

     (1,792     —          (2,491

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

     179,438        —          —     

Offering costs related to issuance of common stock

     (15,655     —          —     

Payment of preferred stock dividends

     (2,550     (1,114     —     

Noncontrolling interest contributions

     35,399        17,021        1,825   

Noncontrolling interest distributions

     (21,700     (15,373     (1,897
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     179,125        (62,023     77,792   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     10,847        (6,087     60,471   

Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of period

     71,075        80,532        20,061   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents — end of period

   $ 81,922      $ 74,445      $ 80,532   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:

      

Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock

   $ 70,386      $ —        $ —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Issuance of common stock related to land acquisition

   $ —        $ 10,500      $ —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Issuance of note payable related to land acquisition

   $ 16,238      $ —        $ —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accrued purchases of property, plant and equipment

   $ 142      $ —        $ —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Land contributed in lieu of cash for common stock

   $ —        $ —        $ 4,029   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Preferred stock dividends, accrued

   $ —        $ 684      $ —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accretion of Senior Subordinated Secured Notes for payable in kind interest

   $ —        $ 916      $ —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

 

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WILLIAM LYON HOMES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 1—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

Operations

William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation (“Parent” and together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”), are primarily engaged in designing, constructing, marketing and selling single-family detached and attached homes in California, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado (under the Village Homes brand).

Initial Public Offering

On May 21, 2013, the Company completed its initial public offering of 10,005,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, which consisted of 7,177,500 shares sold by the Company and 2,827,500 shares sold by the selling stockholder. The 10,005,000 shares in the offering were sold at a price to the public of $25.00 per share. The Company raised total net proceeds of approximately $163.8 million in the offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholder.

The Company’s authorized capital stock consists of 190,000,000 shares, 150,000,000 of which are designated as Class A Common Stock with a par value of $0.01 per share, 30,000,000 of which are designated as Class B Common Stock with a par value of $0.01 per share and 10,000,000 of which are designated as preferred stock with a par value of $0.01 per share.

In connection with the initial public offering, Parent completed a common stock recapitalization which included a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class A Common Stock (the “Class A Reverse Split”), the conversion of all outstanding shares of Parent’s Class C Common Stock, Class D Common Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock into Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis and as automatically adjusted for the Class A Reverse Split, and a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class B Common Stock. The effect of the reverse stock split is retroactively applied to the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2012, the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, and the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity, presented herein. Upon completion of the initial public offering, Parent had 27,623,629 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding, excluding shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and restricted shares that have been granted but were unvested, and 3,813,884 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding, excluding shares underlying a warrant to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock. The warrant was amended to extend the term from five years to ten years, and the warrant will now expire on February 24, 2022. The change to the warrant had no corresponding impact on the financial statements.

Basis of Presentation

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of the assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 and revenues and expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. The significant accounting policies using estimates include real estate inventories and cost of sales, impairment of real estate inventories, warranty reserves, loss contingencies, sales and profit recognition, accounting for variable interest entities, valuation of deferred tax assets, and fresh start accounting. The current economic environment increases the uncertainty inherent in these estimates and assumptions.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries and joint ventures, and certain joint ventures and other entities which have been determined to be variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary (see Note 2). The accounting policies of the joint ventures are substantially the same as those of the Company. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

We applied the accounting under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 852 (“ASC 852”), “Reorganizations,” as of February 24, 2012. Therefore, our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2012, which is referred to as that of the “Successor”, includes adjustments resulting from the reorganization and application of ASC 852. References to the “Successor” in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto refer to the Company after giving effect to the reorganization and application of ASC 852. References to the “Predecessor” refer to the Company prior to the reorganization and application of ASC 852.

 

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The condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared from our books and records without audit and include all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring accruals) necessary to present a fair statement of results for the interim periods presented. Readers of this quarterly report should refer to our audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2012, and for the periods from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, which are included in our 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K, as certain disclosures that would substantially duplicate those contained in the audited financial statements have not been included in this report.

Real Estate Inventories

The Company accounts for its real estate inventories under FASB ASC Topic 360 Property, Plant, & Equipment (“ASC 360”). Real estate inventories are carried at cost net of impairment losses and fresh start accounting adjustments, if any. Real estate inventories consist primarily of land deposits, land and land under development, homes completed and under construction, and model homes. All direct and indirect land costs, offsite and onsite improvements and applicable interest and other carrying charges are capitalized to real estate projects during periods when the project is under development. Land, offsite costs and all other common costs are allocated to land parcels benefited based upon relative fair values before construction. Onsite construction costs and related carrying charges (principally interest and property taxes) are allocated to the individual homes within a phase based upon the relative sales value of the homes. The Company relieves its accumulated real estate inventories through cost of sales for the estimated cost of homes sold. Selling expenses and other marketing costs are expensed in the period incurred.

ASC 360 requires impairment losses to be recorded on real estate inventories when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by real estate inventories are less than the carrying amount of such assets. Indicators of impairment include a decrease in demand for housing due to softening market conditions, competitive pricing pressures, which reduce the average sales price of homes including an increase in sales incentives offered to buyers, slowing sales absorption rates, decreases in home values in the markets in which the Company operates, significant decreases in gross margins and a decrease in project cash flows for a particular project.

Management assesses land deposits for impairment when estimated land values are deemed to be less than the agreed upon contract price. The Company considers changes in market conditions, the timing of land purchases, the ability to renegotiate with land sellers, the terms of the land option contracts in question, the availability and best use of capital, and other factors. The Company records abandoned land deposits and related pre-acquisition costs in cost of sales-lots, land and other in the consolidated statements of operations in the period that it is abandoned.

A provision for warranty costs relating to the Company’s limited warranty plans is included in cost of sales and accrued expenses at the time the sale of a home is recorded. The Company generally reserves approximately one to one and one quarter percent of the sales price of its homes against the possibility of future charges relating to its one-year limited warranty and similar potential claims, except for Colorado, where the Company provides a third party warranty policy upon close of escrow. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number of homes under warranty, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and cost per claim. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the amounts as necessary. Changes in the Company’s warranty liability for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Successor     Predecessor  
     Nine
Months Ended
September 30,
2013
    Period from
February 25
through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1 through

February 24, 2012
 

Warranty liability, beginning of period

   $ 14,317      $ 14,000      $ 14,314   

Warranty provision during period

     3,131        1,649        187   

Warranty payments during period

     (3,900     (1,944     (845

Warranty charges related to pre-existing warranties during period

     354        80        85   

Warranty charges related to construction services projects

     267        347        114   

Fresh start adjustment

     —          —          145   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Warranty liability, end of period

   $ 14,169      $ 14,132      $ 14,000   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Interest incurred under the Company’s debt obligations, as more fully discussed in Note 5, is capitalized to qualifying real estate projects under development. Any additional interest charges related to real estate projects not under development are expensed in the period incurred. Interest activity for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Successor     Predecessor  
     Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
     Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2012
     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
     Period from
February 25
through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
 

Interest incurred

   $ 7,511       $ 8,729       $ 22,511       $ 22,336      $ 7,145   

Less: Interest capitalized

     7,460         6,238         19,909         15,009        4,638   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

   $ 51       $ 2,491       $ 2,602       $ 7,327      $ 2,507   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest

   $ 283       $ 6,315       $ 14,854       $ 18,061      $ 8,924   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Construction Services

The Company accounts for construction management agreements using the Percentage of Completion Method in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 605 Revenue Recognition (“ASC 605”). Under ASC 605, the Company records revenues and expenses as a contracted project progresses, and based on the percentage of costs incurred to date compared to the total estimated costs of the contract.

The Company entered into construction management agreements to build, sell and market homes in certain communities. For such services, the Company will receive fees (generally 3 to 5 percent of the sales price, as defined) and may, under certain circumstances, receive additional compensation if certain financial thresholds are achieved.

Financial Instruments

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk are primarily cash and cash equivalents, receivables, and deposits. The Company typically places its cash and cash equivalents in investment grade short-term instruments. Deposits, included in other assets, are due from municipalities or utility companies and are generally collected from such entities through fees assessed to other developers. The Company is an issuer of, or subject to, financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business which exposes it to credit risks. These financial instruments include letters of credit and obligations in connection with assessment district bonds. These off-balance sheet financial instruments are described in more detail in Note 12.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Short-term investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased are considered cash equivalents. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents balance exceeds federally insurable limits as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. The Company monitors the cash balances in its operating accounts and adjusts the cash balances between accounts based on operational needs; however, these cash balances could be negatively impacted if the underlying financial institutions fail or are subject to other adverse conditions in the financial markets. To date, the Company has experienced no loss or lack of access to cash in its operating accounts.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists of deposits made by the Company to a bank account as collateral for the use of letters of credit to guarantee the Company’s financial obligations under certain other contractual arrangements in the normal course of business.

Deferred Loan Costs

Deferred loan costs represent debt issuance cost and are primarily amortized to interest expense using the straight line method which approximates the effective interest method.

Goodwill

In accordance with the provisions of ASC 350, Intangibles, Goodwill and Other , goodwill amounts are not amortized, but rather are analyzed for impairment at the reporting segment level. Goodwill is analyzed on an annual basis, or when indicators of impairment exist. We have determined that we have five reporting segments, as discussed in Note 3, and we perform an annual goodwill impairment analysis during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year.

 

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Intangible Assets

Recorded intangible assets primarily relate to construction homes in backlog, management contracts, and joint venture management fee contracts recorded in conjunction with ASC 852 and FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations , related to the Village Homes acquisition in 2012 (see Note 9 for more information). Such assets were valued based on expected cash flows related to home closings, and the asset is amortized on a per unit basis, as homes under the contracts close.

Income (loss) per common share

The Company computes income (loss) per common share in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share . Basic income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. For purposes of determining diluted income (loss) per common share, basic income (loss) per common share is further adjusted to include the effect of potential dilutive common shares outstanding.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), using an asset and liability approach. Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards measured by applying currently enacted tax laws. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce net deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

Reclassifications

Certain balances on the financial statements and certain amounts presented in the notes have been reclassified in order to conform to current year presentation.

Note 2—Variable Interest Entities and Noncontrolling Interests

During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company formed two joint ventures, Lyon Whistler, LLC and Brentwood Palmilla Owner, LLC, and during the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company formed one joint venture, Lyon Branches, LLC, for the purpose of land development and homebuilding activities which we have determined to be VIEs. The Company, as the managing member, has the power to direct the activities of the VIEs since it manages the daily operations and has exposure to the risks and rewards of the VIEs, which is based on the division of income and loss per the joint venture agreements. Therefore, the Company is the primary beneficiary of the joint ventures, and the VIEs were consolidated as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

As of September 30, 2013, the assets of the consolidated VIEs totaled $68.5 million, of which $3.3 million was cash and $61.0 million was real estate inventories. The liabilities of the consolidated VIEs totaled $21.8 million, primarily comprised of notes payable of $19.2 million, accounts payable and accrued liabilities.

As of December 31, 2012, the assets of the consolidated VIEs totaled $24.7 million, of which $1.1 million was cash and $20.4 million was real estate inventories. The liabilities of the consolidated VIEs totaled $6.4 million, primarily comprised of accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The Company recorded a $1.6 million valuation adjustment to the noncontrolling interest account on one VIE in accordance with the adoption of ASC 852.

Note 3—Segment Information

The Company operates one principal homebuilding business. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280”), the Company has determined that each of its operating divisions is an operating segment.

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s Executive Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer have been identified as the chief operating decision makers. The Company’s chief operating decision makers direct the allocation of resources to operating segments based on the profitability and cash flows of each respective segment.

 

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The Company’s homebuilding operations design, construct and sell a wide range of homes designed to meet the specific needs in each of its markets. In accordance with the aggregation criteria defined by ASC 280, the Company’s homebuilding operating segments have been grouped into five reportable segments: Southern California, consisting of an operating division with operations in Orange, Los Angeles, San Bernardino and San Diego counties; Northern California, consisting of an operating division with operations in Contra Costa, San Joaquin and Santa Clara counties; Arizona, consisting of operations in the Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area; Nevada, consisting of operations in the Las Vegas, Nevada metropolitan area; and Colorado, consisting of operations in the Denver, Colorado metropolitan area, Fort Collins, and Granby, Colorado markets.

Corporate develops and implements strategic initiatives and supports the Company’s operating divisions by centralizing key administrative functions such as finance and treasury, information technology, risk management and litigation and human resources.

Segment financial information relating to the Company’s operations was as follows (in thousands):

 

    Successor     Predecessor  
    Three
Months  Ended
September 30,

2013
    Three
Months  Ended

September 30,
2012
    Nine
Months  Ended
September 30,
2013
    Period from
February 25
through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1
through
February  24,
2012
 

Operating revenue:

         

Southern California

  $ 49,681      $ 36,097      $ 105,231      $ 68,187      $ 7,759   

Northern California

    27,790        26,181        56,115        131,747        11,014   

Arizona

    31,253        17,157        86,431        38,634        4,316   

Nevada

    23,920        13,552        56,421        24,007        2,481   

Colorado

    18,186        —          58,923        —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating revenue

  $ 150,830      $ 92,987      $ 363,121      $ 262,575      $ 25,570   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

    Successor     Predecessor  
    Three
Months  Ended
September 30,
2013
    Three
Months  Ended
September 30,
2012
    Nine
Months  Ended
September 30,
2013
    Period from
February 25
through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1
through
February  24,
2012
 

Net income (loss):

         

Southern California

  $ 10,027      $ 889      $ 15,453      $ (1,840   $ (19,131

Northern California

    4,706        4,577        8,740        12,169        6,195   

Arizona

    4,224        353        9,032        64        9,928   

Nevada

    3,355        1        5,881        (1,637     (1,738

Colorado

    209        —          1,654        —          —     

Corporate (1)

    (11,841     (5,354     (23,473     (14,329     233,243   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

  $ 10,680      $ 466      $ 17,287      $ (5,573   $ 228,497   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

     Successor  
     September 30,
2013
     December 31,
2012
 

Homebuilding assets:

     

Southern California

   $ 281,967       $ 195,688   

Northern California

     130,616         31,293   

Arizona

     169,581         173,847   

Nevada

     76,353         51,141   

Colorado

     36,769         37,668   

Corporate (2)

     103,667         91,510   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total homebuilding assets

   $ 798,953       $ 581,147   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Includes the Company’s consolidated Provision for income taxes of approximately $6.4 million and $6.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013.
(2) Comprised primarily of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, deferred loan costs, and other assets.

 

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Note 4—Real Estate Inventories

Real estate inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

 

     Successor  
     September 30,
2013
     December 31,
2012
 

Real estate inventories owned:

     

Land deposits

   $ 40,816       $ 31,855   

Land and land under development

     439,401         318,327   

Homes completed and under construction

     138,500         50,847   

Model homes

     21,445         20,601   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 640,162       $ 421,630   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Real estate inventories not owned: (1)

     

Other land options contracts — land banking arrangement

   $ 20,738       $ 39,029   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Represents the consolidation of a land banking arrangement. Although the Company is not obligated to purchase the lots, based on certain factors, the Company has determined that it is economically compelled to purchase the lots in the land banking arrangement. Amounts are net of deposits.

As of February 24, 2012, the Company made fair value adjustments to inventory in accordance with fresh start accounting. During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, the Company did not record any impairments.

Note 5—Senior Notes and Secured Indebtedness

 

     Successor  
     September 30,
2013
     December 31,
2012
 

Senior notes:

     

8  1 / 2 % Senior Notes due November 15, 2020

   $ 325,000       $ 325,000   

Notes payable:

     

Revolving lines of credit

   $ —         $ —     

Construction notes payable

     19,233         13,248   

Seller financing

     16,238         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total notes payable

   $ 35,471       $ 13,248   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total senior notes and notes payable

   $ 360,471       $ 338,248   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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As of September 30, 2013, the maturities of the Notes payable and 8 1/2% Senior Notes are as follows (in thousands):

 

Year Ending December 31,

      

2013

   $ —     

2014

     1,762   

2015

     14,476   

2016

     19,233   

2017

     —     

Thereafter

     325,000   
  

 

 

 
   $ 360,471   
  

 

 

 

Senior Notes

8 1/2% Senior Notes Due 2020

On November 8, 2012, William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“California Lyon”) completed its offering of 8 1/2% Senior Notes due 2020, or the New Notes, in an aggregate principal amount of $325 million. The New Notes were issued at 100% of their aggregate principal amount. The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of the New Notes, together with cash on hand, to refinance the Company’s (i) $235 million 10.25% Senior Secured Term Loan due 2015, (ii) approximately $76 million in aggregate principal amount of 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due 2017, (iii) approximately $11 million in principal amount of project related debt, and (iv) to pay accrued and unpaid interest thereon.

As of both September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the outstanding principal amount of the New Notes was $325 million. The New Notes bear interest at an annual rate of 8.5% per annum and is payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15, and mature on November 15, 2020. The New Notes are senior unsecured obligations of California Lyon and are unconditionally guaranteed on a senior subordinated secured basis by Parent and by certain of Parent’s existing and future restricted subsidiaries. The New Notes and the guarantees rank senior to all of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ existing and future unsecured senior debt and senior in right of payment to all of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ future subordinated debt. The New Notes and the guarantees are and will be effectively junior to any of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ existing and future secured debt.

On or after November 15, 2016, California Lyon may redeem all or a portion of the New Notes upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest to the applicable redemption date, if redeemed during the 12-month period beginning on November 15 of the years indicated below:

 

Year

   Percentage  

2016

     104.250

2017

     102.125

2018 and thereafter

     100.000

Prior to November 15, 2016, the New Notes may be redeemed in whole or in part at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, and accrued and unpaid interest to, the redemption date.

In addition, any time prior to November 15, 2015, California Lyon may, at its option on one or more occasions, redeem New Notes in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the New Notes issued prior to such date at a redemption price (expressed as a percentage of principal amount) of 108.5%, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with an amount equal to the net cash proceeds from one or more equity offerings.

The indenture governing the New Notes (the “Indenture”) contains covenants that limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee certain additional indebtedness; (ii) pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase stock; (iii) make certain investments; (iv) sell assets; (v) incur liens; (vi) enter into agreements restricting the ability of the Company’s restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or transfer assets; (vii) enter into transactions with affiliates; (viii) create unrestricted subsidiaries; and (viii) consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of the Company’s and California Lyon’s assets. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications as described in the Indenture. The Company was in compliance with all such covenants as of September 30, 2013.

 

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Notes Payable

Revolving Lines of Credit

On August 7, 2013, California Lyon and Parent entered into a credit agreement providing for a revolving credit facility of up to $100 million (the “Revolver”). The Revolver will mature on August 5, 2016, unless terminated earlier pursuant to the terms of the Revolver. The Revolver contains an uncommitted accordion feature under which its aggregate principal amount can be increased to up to $125 million under certain circumstances, as well as a sublimit of $50 million for letters of credit. The Revolver contains various covenants, including financial covenants relating to tangible net worth, leverage, liquidity and interest coverage, as well as a limitation on investments in joint ventures and non-guarantor subsidiaries.

The Revolver contains customary events of default, subject to cure periods in certain circumstances, that would result in the termination of the commitment and permit the lenders to accelerate payment on outstanding borrowings and require cash collateralization of letters of credit, including: nonpayment of principal, interest and fees or other amounts; violation of covenants; inaccuracy of representations and warranties; cross default to certain other indebtedness; unpaid judgments; and certain bankruptcy and other insolvency events. If a change in control of the Company occurs, the lenders may terminate the commitment and require that California Lyon repay outstanding borrowings under the Revolver and cash collateralize letters of credit. Interest rates on borrowings generally will be based on either LIBOR or a base rate, plus the applicable spread. The commitment fee on the unused portion of the Facility currently accrues at an annual rate of 0.50%.

Borrowings under the Revolver, the availability of which is subject to a borrowing base formula, are required to be guaranteed by the Company and certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, are secured by a pledge of all equity interests held by such guarantors, and may be used for general corporate purposes. As of September 30, 2013, the Revolver was undrawn.

On March 5, 2013, California Lyon entered into a Revolving Line of Credit Loan Agreement (the “CB&T Loan Agreement”), with California Bank & Trust (“CB&T”), providing for a revolving line of credit of $30.0 million (the “CB&T Loan”). The CB&T Loan, as amended, provides California Lyon with funds for the development of residential lots, the construction of existing and future residential home projects within the states of California, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado, the issuance of letters of credit for the payment of costs incurred or associated with those projects and other general corporate purposes. In connection with the execution of the CB&T Loan Agreement, California Lyon issued a promissory note (the “CB&T Promissory Note”), and together with the CB&T Loan Agreement and any ancillary documents and agreements executed pursuant to the CB&T Loan Agreement, (the “CB&T Loan Documents”), in favor of CB&T. California Lyon’s obligations under the CB&T Loan are secured by, among other things, a first lien on and security interest in all the real and personal property comprising each qualified project that is secured by the CB&T Loan. Borrowings under the CB&T Loan Agreement bore interest, payable monthly, at California Lyon’s option of either (i) a fixed rate at LIBOR plus 3.00% per annum or (ii) a variable rate at the Prime Rate, as adjusted by CB&T in accordance with the CB&T Loan Agreement, plus 1.00% per annum. The floor interest rate for borrowings under the CB&T Loan Agreement range from 4.25% to 5.00%, depending on California Lyon’s total debt to tangible net worth ratio. Beginning on March 5, 2015, the maximum amount available under the CB&T Loan would have been reduced by $7.5 million every 90 days until the CB&T Loan matures. The CB&T Loan was scheduled to mature on March 5, 2016.

All outstanding borrowings under the CB&T Loan may, at the option of CB&T, be accelerated and become immediately due and payable in the event of a default under the CB&T Loan Documents, which includes, among other things, the following events (subject to certain cure periods, as applicable): (i) the failure by California Lyon to pay any monetary amount when due under any CB&T Loan Document; (ii) the breach of certain covenants under the CB&T Loan Documents; (iii) any representations contained in the CB&T Loan Documents being materially misleading or false when made; (iv) defaults under certain other monetary obligations; (v) bankruptcy matters; (vi) litigation or proceedings that could constitute a material adverse change on California Lyon or a qualified project or (vii) certain judgments. The CB&T Loan Documents also contained negative covenants which restrict or limit California Lyon from, among other things, the following: (a) consolidating or merging with any person unless California Lyon is the surviving entity; (b) changing its fiscal year or accounting methods; (c) changing the character of California Lyon’s business; (d) suffering any change in the legal or beneficial ownership of any capital stock in California Lyon; (e) making loans or advances; (f) granting or continuing liens; (g) incurring debt and (h) acquiring assets.

In March 2013, one of the outstanding construction loans payable and its underlying collateral was rolled into the CB&T Loan. In July 2013, the Company repaid all of the outstanding balance of the CB&T loan. On October 30, 2013, the Company terminated the CB&T Loan.

 

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Construction Notes Payable

In June 2013, the Company entered into a construction note payable agreement. The agreement has total availability under the facility of $28.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its joint venture projects. The loan matures in June 2016 and bears interest at the prime rate +0.5%, with a rate floor of 4.0%, which was the interest rate as of September 30, 2013. As of September 30, 2013, the Company had borrowed $19.2 million under this facility. The loan will be repaid with proceeds from home closings of the project, is secured by the underlying project, and is guaranteed by the Company.

In September 2012, the Company entered into two construction notes payable agreements. The first agreement has total availability under the facility of $19.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its wholly-owned projects. The loan had an original maturity date in September 2015 and bore interest at the prime rate +1.0%, with a rate floor of 5.0%. In March 2013, this loan and the underlying collateral was rolled into the CB&T Loan Agreement, defined and discussed above. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had borrowed $7.8 million under this facility.

The second September 2012 construction note payable agreement has total availability under the facility of $17.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its joint venture projects. The loan matures in March 2015 and bears interest at prime rate +1%, with a rate floor of 5.0%, which was the interest rate as of September 30, 2013. During the three months ended September 30, 2013, the Company repaid the entire outstanding balance under this loan. At December 31, 2012, the Company had borrowed $5.4 million under this facility.

Seller Financing

At September 30, 2013, the Company had $16.2 million of notes payable outstanding related to two land acquisitions for which seller financing was provided. The first note had a balance of $1.7 million as of September 30, 2013, bears interest at 3% per annum, is secured by the underlying land, and matures in March 2014. The second note had a balance of $14.5 million as of September 30, 2013, bears interest at 7% per annum, is secured by the underlying land, and matures in May 2015.

GUARANTOR AND NON-GUARANTOR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following consolidating financial information includes:

(1) Consolidating balance sheets as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012; consolidating statements of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012; and consolidating statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, of (a) William Lyon Homes, as the parent, or “Delaware Lyon”, (b) William Lyon Homes, Inc., as the subsidiary issuer, or “California Lyon”, (c) the guarantor subsidiaries, (d) the non-guarantor subsidiaries and (e) William Lyon Homes, Inc. on a consolidated basis; and

(2) Elimination entries necessary to consolidate Delaware Lyon, with William Lyon Homes, Inc. and its guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries.

Delaware Lyon owns 100% of all of its guarantor subsidiaries and all guarantees are full and unconditional, joint and several. As a result, in accordance with Rule 3-10 (d) of Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC, no separate financial statements are required for these subsidiaries as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, and for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012.

 

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET

(Unaudited)

September 30, 2013 (Successor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated               
     Delaware
Lyon
     California
Lyon
     Guarantor
Subsidiaries
     Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
     Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

ASSETS

                

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ —         $ 77,976       $ 313       $ 3,633       $ —        $ 81,922   

Restricted cash

     —           853         —           —           —          853   

Receivables

     —           15,979         1,323         4,353         —          21,655   

Real estate inventories

                

Owned

     —           574,987         1,839         63,336         —          640,162   

Not owned

     —           20,738         —           —           —          20,738   

Deferred loan costs

     —           8,088         —           —           —          8,088   

Goodwill

     —           14,209         —           —           —          14,209   

Intangibles

     —           3,446         —           —           —          3,446   

Other assets

     —           6,672         863         345         —          7,880   

Investments in subsidiaries

     309,968         31,144         —           —           (341,112     —     

Intercompany receivables

     —           —           220,142         18,865         (239,007     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 309,968       $ 754,092       $ 224,480       $ 90,532       $ (580,119   $ 798,953   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

                

Accounts payable

   $ —         $ 16,185       $ 1,005       $ 2,210       $ —        $ 19,400   

Accrued expenses

     —           59,535         777         79         —          60,391   

Liabilities from inventories not owned

     —           20,738         —           —           —          20,738   

Notes payable

     —           14,476         1,762         19,233         —          35,471   

8   1 /2% Senior Notes

     —           325,000         —           —           —          325,000   

Intercompany payables

     —           229,125         —           9,881         (239,006     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     —           665,059         3,544         31,403         (239,006     461,000   

Equity

                

William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity

     309,968         89,033         220,936         31,144         (341,113     309,968   

Noncontrolling interest

     —           —           —           27,985         —          27,985   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

   $ 309,968       $ 754,092       $ 224,480       $ 90,532       $ (580,119   $ 798,953   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET

December 31, 2012 (Successor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated               
     Delaware
Lyon
     California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
     Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
     Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

ASSETS

               

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ —         $ 69,376      $ 65       $ 1,634       $ —        $ 71,075   

Restricted cash

     —           853        —           —           —          853   

Receivables

     —           11,278        296         3,215         —          14,789   

Real estate inventories

               

Owned

     —           398,952        13         22,665         —          421,630   

Not owned

     —           39,029        —           —           —          39,029   

Deferred loan costs

     —           7,036        —           —           —          7,036   

Goodwill

     —           14,209        —           —           —          14,209   

Intangibles

     —           4,620        —           —           —          4,620   

Other assets

     —           7,437        146         323         —          7,906   

Investments in subsidiaries

     62,712         22,148        —           —           (84,860     —     

Intercompany receivables

     —           —          207,239         18,935         (226,174     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 62,712       $ 574,938      $ 207,759       $ 46,772       $ (311,034   $ 581,147   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY (DEFICIT)

               

Accounts payable

   $ —         $ 17,998      $ 39       $ 698       $ —        $ 18,735   

Accrued expenses

     —           41,505        213         52         —          41,770   

Liabilities from inventories not owned

     —           39,029        —           —           —          39,029   

Notes payable

     —           7,809        —           5,439         —          13,248   

8   1 /2% Senior Notes

     —           325,000        —           —           —          325,000   

Intercompany payables

     —           217,146        —           9,028         (226,174     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     —           648,487        252         15,217         (226,174     437,782   

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

     —           71,246        —           —           —          71,246   

Equity (deficit)

               

William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity (deficit)

     62,712         (144,795     207,507         22,148         (84,860     62,712   

Noncontrolling interest

     —           —          —           9,407         —          9,407   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity (deficit)

   $ 62,712       $ 574,938      $ 207,759       $ 46,772       $ (311,034   $ 581,147   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2013 (Successor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
     California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating revenue

             

Sales

   $ —         $ 76,178      $ 48,487      $ 16,687      $ —        $ 141,352   

Construction services

     —           9,478        —          —          —          9,478   

Management fees

     —           456        —          —          (456     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —           86,112        48,487        16,687        (456     150,830   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating costs

             

Cost of sales

     —           (55,968     (40,519     (11,926     456        (107,957

Construction services

     —           (8,135     —          —          —          (8,135

Sales and marketing

     —           (4,108     (2,256     (315     —          (6,679

General and administrative

     —           (9,473     (726     (1     —          (10,200

Amortization of intangible assets

     —           (191     —          —          —          (191

Other

     —           (695     —          —          —          (695
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —           (78,570     (43,501     (12,242     456        (133,857

Income from subsidiaries

     12,716         5,804        —          —          (18,520     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

     12,716         13,346        4,986        4,445        (18,520     16,973   

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

     —           (51     —          —          —          (51

Other income (expense), net

     —           423        (9     (300     —          114   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

     12,716         13,718        4,977        4,145        (18,520     17,036   

Provision for income taxes

     —           (6,356     —          —          —          (6,356
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     12,716         7,362        4,977        4,145        (18,520     10,680   

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

     —           —          —          (3,118     —          (3,118
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to William Lyon Homes

     12,716         7,362        4,977        1,027        (18,520     7,562   

Preferred stock dividends

     —           —          —          —          —          —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income available to common stockholders

   $ 12,716       $ 7,362      $ 4,977      $ 1,027      $ (18,520   $ 7,562   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-75


Table of Contents

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2012 (Successor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
    California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating revenue

            

Sales

   $ —        $ 68,008      $ 10,629      $ 7,305      $ —        $ 85,942   

Construction services

     —          7,045        —          —          —          7,045   

Management fees

     —          278        —          —          (278     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          75,331        10,629        7,305        (278     92,987   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating costs

            

Cost of sales

     —          (57,050     (8,912     (5,111     278        (70,795

Construction services

     —          (6,410     —          —          —          (6,410

Sales and marketing

     —          (3,219     (643     (310     —          (4,172

General and administrative

     —          (5,368     (70     (2     —          (5,440

Amortization of intangible assets

       (1,640           (1,640

Other

     —          (588     —          (357     —          (945
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          (74,275     (9,625     (5,780     278        (89,402

(Loss) income from subsidiaries

     (752     1,158        —          —          (406     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating (loss) income

     (752     2,214        1,004        1,525        (406     3,585   

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

     —          (2,350     —          (141     —          (2,491

Other income (expense), net

     —          160        (53     (12     —          95   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income before reorganization items and provision for income taxes

     (752     24        951        1,372        (406     1,189   

Reorganization items, net

     —          (712     —          —          —          (712
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income before provision for income taxes

     (752     (688     951        1,372        (406     477   

Provision for income taxes

     —          (11     —          —          —          (11
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income

     (752     (699     951        1,372        (406     466   

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

     —            —          (1,218     —          (1,218
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income attributable to William Lyon Homes

     (752     (699     951        154        (406     (752

Preferred stock dividends

     (755     —          —          —          —          (755
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income available to common stockholders

   $ (1,507   $ (699   $ 951      $ 154      $ (406   $ (1,507
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-76


Table of Contents

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 (Successor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
    California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating revenue

            

Sales

   $ —        $ 173,032      $ 142,105      $ 26,545      $ —        $ 341,682   

Construction services

     —          21,439        —          —          —          21,439   

Management fees

     —          (727     —          —          727        —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          193,744        142,105        26,545        727        363,121   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating costs

            

Cost of sales

     —          (132,270     (119,051     (18,722     (727     (270,770

Construction services

     —          (17,472     —          —          —          (17,472

Sales and marketing

     —          (9,826     (6,867     (789     —          (17,482

General and administrative

     —          (26,162     (1,835     (19     —          (28,016

Amortization of intangible assets

     —          (1,173     —          —          —          (1,173

Other

     —          (1,744     (2     —          —          (1,746
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          (188,647     (127,755     (19,530     (727     (336,659

Income from subsidiaries

     17,562        13,800        —          —          (31,362     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

     17,562        18,897        14,350        7,015        (31,362     26,462   

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

     —          (2,476     (126     —          —          (2,602

Other income (expense), net

     —          1,184        (20     (907     —          257   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before reorganization items and provision for income taxes

     17,562        17,605        14,204        6,108        (31,362     24,117   

Reorganization items, net

     —          (464     —          —          —          (464
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

     17,562        17,141        14,204        6,108        (31,362     23,653   

Provision for income taxes

     —          (6,366     —          —          —          (6,366
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     17,562        10,775        14,204        6,108        (31,362     17,287   

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

     —          —          —          (4,879     —          (4,879
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to William Lyon Homes

     17,562        10,775        14,204        1,229        (31,362     12,408   

Preferred stock dividends

     (1,528     —          —          —          —          (1,528
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income available to common stockholders

   $ 16,034      $ 10,775      $ 14,204      $ 1,229      $ (31,362   $ 10,880   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-77


Table of Contents

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

Period from February 25, 2012 through

September 30, 2012 (Successor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
    California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating revenue

            

Sales

   $ —        $ 111,159      $ 32,105      $ 102,838      $ —        $ 246,102   

Construction services

     —          16,473        —          —          —          16,473   

Management fees

     —          534        —          —          (534     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          128,166        32,105        102,838        (534     262,575   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating costs

            

Cost of sales

     —          (94,003     (27,737     (93,924     534        (215,130

Construction services

     —          (15,061     —          —          —          (15,061

Sales and marketing

     —          (6,493     (1,679     (663     —          (8,835

General and administrative

     —          (13,733     (186     (6     —          (13,925

Amortization of intangible assets

     —          (5,034     —          —          —          (5,034

Other

     —          (1,713     (2     (687     —          (2,402
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —          (136,037     (29,604     (95,280     534        (260,387

(Loss) income from subsidiaries

     (7,611     8,620        —          —          (1,009     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating (loss) income

     (7,611     749        2,501        7,558        (1,009     2,188   

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

     —          (6,970     —          (357     —          (7,327

Other income, net

     —          562        (45     954        —          1,471   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income before reorganization items and provision for income taxes

     (7,611     (5,659     2,456        8,155        (1,009     (3,668

Reorganization items, net

     —          (1,895     1        —          —          (1,894
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Loss) income before provision for income taxes

     (7,611     (7,554     2,457        8,155        (1,009     (5,562

Provision for income taxes

     —          (11     —          —          —          (11
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income

     (7,611     (7,565     2,457        8,155        (1,009     (5,573

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

     —          —          —          (2,038     —          (2,038
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income attributable to William Lyon Homes

     (7,611     (7,565     2,457        6,117        (1,009     (7,611

Preferred stock dividends

     (1,798     —          —          —          —          (1,798
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (loss) income available to common stockholders

   $ (9,409   $ (7,565   $ 2,457      $ 6,117      $ (1,009   $ (9,409
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-78


Table of Contents

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

Period from January 1, 2012 through

February 24, 2012 (Predecessor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
     California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating revenue

             

Home sales

   $ —         $ 10,024      $ 4,316      $ 2,347      $ —        $ 16,687   

Construction services

     —           8,883        —          —          —          8,883   

Management fees

     —           110        —          —          (110     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —           19,017        4,316        2,347        (110     25,570   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating costs

             

Cost of sales — homes

     —           (8,819     (3,820     (2,069     110        (14,598

Construction services

     —           (8,223     —          —          —          (8,223

Sales and marketing

     —           (1,496     (260     (188     —          (1,944

General and administrative

     —           (3,246     (56     —          —          (3,302

Other

     —           (16     —          (171     —          (187
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     —           (21,800     (4,136     (2,428     110        (28,254

Income from subsidiaries

     228,383         11,536        —          —          (239,919     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

     228,383         8,753        180        (81     (239,919     (2,684

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

     —           (2,407     —          (100     —          (2,507

Other income (expense), net

     —           266        (25     (11     —          230   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before reorganization items and provision for income taxes

     228,383         6,612        155        (192     (239,919     (4,961

Reorganization items, net

     —           221,796        (1     11,663        —          233,458   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     228,383         228,408        154        11,471        (239,919     228,497   

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

     —           —          —          (114     —          (114
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to William Lyon Homes

   $ 228,383       $ 228,408      $ 154      $ 11,357      $ (239,919   $ 228,383   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-79


Table of Contents

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 (Successor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
     California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating activities

             

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

   $ —         $ (142,959   $ 12,221      $ (34,181   $ —        $ (164,919
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investing activities

             

Purchases of property and equipment

     —           (3,299     (57     (3     —          (3,359

Investments in subsidiaries

     —           4,804        —          —          (4,804     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by(used in) investing activities

     —           1,505        (57     (3     (4,804     (3,359
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financing activities

             

Proceeds from borrowings on notes payable

     —           16,790        1,762        32,892        —          51,444   

Principal payments on notes payable

     —           (26,360     —          (19,099     —          (45,459

Payment of deferred loan costs

     —           (1,792     —          —          —          (1,792

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

     —           179,438        —          —          —          179,438   

Offering costs related to issuance of common stock

     —           (15,655     —          —          —          (15,655

Payment of preferred stock dividends

     —           (2,550     —          —          —          (2,550

Noncontrolling interest contributions

     —           —          —          35,399        —          35,399   

Noncontrolling interest distributions

     —           —          —          (21,700     —          (21,700

Advances to affiliates

     —           —          (776     7,768        (6,992     —     

Intercompany receivables/payables

     —           183        (12,902     923        11,796        —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     —           150,054        (11,916     36,183        4,804        179,125   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

     —           8,600        248        1,999        —          10,847   

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     —           69,376        65        1,634        —          71,075   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ —         $ 77,976      $ 313      $ 3,633      $ —        $ 81,922   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

Period from February 25, 2012 through

September 30, 2012 (Successor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
     California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating activities

             

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

   $ —         $ (14,494   $ 2,546      $ 67,937      $ —        $ 55,989   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investing activities

             

Purchases of property and equipment

     —           (24     (13     (16     —          (53

Investments in subsidiaries

     —           (3,837     —          —          3,837        —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

     —           (3,861     (13     (16     3,837        (53
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financing activities

             

Payment of preferred stock dividends

     —           (1,114     —          —          —          (1,114

Principal payments on notes payable

     —           (4,157     —          (58,400     —          (62,557

Noncontrolling interest contributions

     —           —          —          17,021        —          17,021   

Noncontrolling interest distributions

     —           —          —          (15,373     —          (15,373

Advances to affiliates

     —           —          1        (3,306     3,305        —     

Intercompany receivables/payables

     —           19,087        (2,530     (9,415     (7,142     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     —           13,816        (2,529     (69,473     (3,837     (62,023
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

     —           (4,539     4        (1,552     —          (6,087

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     —           76,158        52        4,322        —          80,532   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ —         $ 71,619      $ 56      $ 2,770      $ —        $ 74,445   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

Period from January 1, 2012 through

February 24, 2012 (Predecessor)

(in thousands)

 

     Unconsolidated              
     Delaware
Lyon
     California
Lyon
    Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
    Eliminating
Entries
    Consolidated
Company
 

Operating activities

             

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

   $ —         $ (13,638   $ 181      $ (3,864   $ —        $ (17,321
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investing activities

             

Purchases of property and equipment

     —           (419     (3     422        —          —     

Investments in subsidiaries

     —           183        —          —          (183     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

     —           (236     (3     422        (183     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financing activities

             

Principal payments on notes payable

     —           (116     —          (500     —          (616

Proceeds from reorganization

     —           30,971        —          —          —          30,971   

Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred stock

     —           50,000        —          —          —          50,000   

Proceeds from debtor in possession financing

     —           5,000        —          —          —          5,000   

Principal payment of debtor in possession financing

     —           (5,000     —          —          —          (5,000

Payment of deferred loan costs

     —           (2,491     —          —          —          (2,491

Noncontrolling interest contributions

     —           —          —          1,825        —          1,825   

Noncontrolling interest distributions

     —           —          —          (1,897     —          (1,897

Advances to affiliates

     —           —          —          (4     4        —     

Intercompany receivables/payables

     —           (2,665     (173     2,659        179        —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     —           75,699        (173     2,083        183        77,792   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     —           61,825        5        (1,359     —          60,471   

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     —           14,333        47        5,681        —          20,061   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ —         $ 76,158      $ 52      $ 4,322      $ —        $ 80,532   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Note 6—Fair Value of Financial Instruments

In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure (“ASC 820”), the Company is required to disclose the estimated fair value of financial instruments. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company used the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of each type of financial instrument for which it is practicable to estimate:

 

   

 1 / 2 % Senior Notes—The 8   1 / 2 % Senior Notes are traded over the counter and their fair values were based upon quotes from industry sources.

 

   

Notes Payable—The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value of the notes payable because the loans were either entered into during the current or prior quarter, market rates are unchanged and/or the outstanding balance at quarter end is expected to be repaid within one year;

The following table excludes cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, receivables and accounts payable, which had fair values approximating their carrying amounts due to the short maturities and liquidity of these instruments. The estimated fair values of financial instruments are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Successor  
     September 30, 2013      December 31, 2012  
     Carrying
Amount
     Fair
Value
     Carrying
Amount
     Fair
Value
 

Financial liabilities:

           

  1 / 2 % Senior Notes due 2020

   $ 325,000       $ 342,875       $ 325,000       $ 338,000   

Notes payable

   $ 35,471       $ 35,471       $ 13,248       $ 13,248   

ASC 820 establishes a framework for measuring fair value, expands disclosures regarding fair value measurements and defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 requires the Company to maximize the use of observable market inputs, minimize the use of unobservable market inputs and disclose in the form of an outlined hierarchy the details of such fair value measurements. The Company used Level 3 to measure the fair value of its Notes Payable, and Level 2 to measure the fair value of its 8 1 /2 % Senior Notes. ASC 820 specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to a fair value measurement are considered to be observable or unobservable in a marketplace. The three levels of the hierarchy are as follows:

 

   

Level 1—quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;

 

   

Level 2—quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and

 

   

Level 3—valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

The following table represents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance for the Company’s Level 3 fair value measurements:

 

     Notes
Payable
 
     (in thousands)  

Fair value at December 31, 2012

   $ 13,248   

Repayments of principal (1)

     (45,459

Borrowings of principal (2)

     67,682   

Increase in value during the period

     —     
  

 

 

 

Fair value at September 30, 2013

   $ 35,471   
  

 

 

 

 

(1) Represents the actual amount of principal repaid
(2) Represents the actual amount of principal borrowed

 

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Note 7—Related Party Transactions

For the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, the Company incurred reimbursable on-site labor costs of $0, $77,000, $1,000, $27,000 and $254,000, respectively, for providing customer service to real estate projects developed by entities controlled by General William Lyon and William H. Lyon. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, $200 and $7,000, respectively, was due to the Company for reimbursable on-site labor costs.

Effective April 1, 2011, upon approval by the Company’s board of directors at that time, the Company and an entity controlled by General William Lyon and William H. Lyon entered into a Human Resources and Payroll Services contract to provide that the affiliate will pay the Company a base monthly fee of $21,335 and a variable monthly fee equal to $23 multiplied by the number of active employees employed by such entity (which will initially result in a variable monthly fee of approximately $8,000). The amended contract also provides that the Company will be reimbursed by such affiliate for a pro rata share of any bonuses paid to the Company’s Human Resources staff (other than any bonus paid to the Vice President of Human Resources). The Company believes that the compensation being paid to it for the services provided to the affiliate is at a market rate of compensation, and that as a result of the fees that are paid to the Company under this contract, the overall cost to the Company of its Human Resources department will be reduced. The Company earned fees of $59,000, $52,000 and $179,000, during the three months ended September 30, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, respectively, related to this agreement. This contract expired on August 31, 2012 and was not renewed, therefore there were no fees in 2013. Any future services provided to the affiliate will be on an as needed basis and will be paid for based on an hourly rate.

On September 3, 2009, Presley CMR, Inc., a California corporation (“Presley CMR”) and a wholly owned subsidiary of California Lyon, entered into an Aircraft Purchase and Sale Agreement (“PSA”) with an affiliate of General William Lyon to sell an aircraft (the “Aircraft”). The PSA provided for an aggregate purchase price for the Aircraft of $8.3 million, (which value was the appraised fair market value of the Aircraft), which consisted of: (i) cash in the amount of $2.1 million to be paid at closing and (ii) a promissory note from the affiliate in the amount of $6.2 million. The note is secured by the Aircraft. As part of the Company’s fresh start accounting, the note was adjusted to its fair value of $5.2 million. The discount on the fresh start adjustment is amortized over the remaining life of the note. The note requires semiannual interest payments to California Lyon of approximately $132,000. The note is due in September 2016.

For the three months ended September 30, 2012, the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, the Company incurred charges of $197,000, $197,000, $118,000 and $472,000, respectively, related to rent on its corporate office, from a trust of which William H. Lyon is the sole beneficiary. The lease expired in March 2013 and the Company relocated its corporate office upon expiration of the lease. The Company has entered into a lease for the new location with an unrelated third party.

Note 8—Income Taxes

Since inception, the Company has operated solely within the United States.

On December 19, 2011, the Parent and certain of its subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. On February 25, 2012, the group of companies emerged from the Chapter 11bankruptcy proceedings.

In connection with the Company’s emergence from the Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings, the Company experienced an “ownership change” as defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, or the IRC, as of February 25, 2012. Section 382 of the IRC contains rules that limit the ability of a company that undergoes an “ownership change” to utilize its net operating loss carryforwards and certain built-in losses or deductions recognized during the five-year period after the ownership change. The Company is able to retain a portion of its U.S. federal and state net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, or the “Tax Attributes”, in connection with the ownership change. However the IRC, Sections 382 and 383 provide an annual limitation with respect to the ability of a corporation to utilize its Tax Attributes against future U.S. taxable income in the event of a change in ownership. In the Company’s situation, the limitation under the IRC will generally be based on the value of the equity (for purposes of the applicable tax rules) on or immediately following the time of emergence. As a result, the Company’s future U.S. taxable income may not be fully offset by the Tax Attributes if such income exceeds the Company’s annual limitation, and the Company may incur a tax liability with respect to such income. In addition, subsequent changes in ownership for purposes of the IRC could further diminish the Company’s ability to utilize Tax Attributes.

 

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In addition to the impact on Tax Attributes listed above, the Company also is subject to Tax Attribute reduction pursuant to various provisions contained in IRC Section 108(e) related to the Company’s issuance of 44,793,255 shares of Parent’s new Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share and a $75 million principal amount 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Note due 2017, issued by California Lyon in conjunction with the Company’s restructure, in exchange for the claims held by the holders of the formerly outstanding notes of California Lyon. These transactions resulted in Cancellation of Debt (COD) income for income tax purposes of approximately $203 million. IRC Section 108(a)(1)(A) provides that COD income is excluded from gross income when the discharge occurs in a Title 11 case under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court. However, pursuant to IRC Section 108(b)(1), if COD income is excluded due to the application of the bankruptcy exception, the amount of excluded COD income must generally be applied to reduce certain tax attributes of the debtor. In general, such attributes would normally be reduced in the following order: (1) net operating losses (current and carryforward); (2) general business tax credits; (3) minimum tax credits; (4) capital loss carryovers; (5) tax basis of the taxpayer’s assets; (6) passive activity losses & credit carryovers; and (7) foreign tax credit carryovers. This Tax Attribute reduction occurred on January 1, 2013.

Under a provision of the federal tax code finalized in July 2013, the Company employed a tax strategy in its 2012 federal tax return to utilize its federal NOLs by electing to accelerate the recognition of a deferred gain, resulting in positive taxable income and a tax liability for the 2012 tax year. This additional liability and tax provision of approximately $1.2 million was recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2013, with the filing of the 2012 tax return.

At September 30, 2013, the Company had no remaining federal net operating loss carryforwards, and $52.5 million remaining state net operating loss carryforwards. State net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2015. In addition, as of September 30, 2013, the Company had unused federal and state built-in losses of $59.6 million and $37.3 million, respectively. The 5 year testing period for built-in losses expires in 2017 and the unused built-in loss carry-forwards begin to expire in 2033.

The Company’s effective income tax rate was 37.3% and 0% for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The effective income tax rate was 26.9% and 0%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012. The primary drivers of the effective tax rate includes the Company’s positive operating results and estimated domestic production activities deduction, and the one-time election described above related to the filing of the 2012 Federal tax return.

In assessing the benefits of the deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers taxable income in carry back years, the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, tax planning strategies and projected future taxable income in making this assessment. As of September 30, 2013, due to uncertainties surrounding the realization of the cumulative federal and state deferred tax assets, the Company has a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets. In connection with the Company’s Tax Attribute reduction discussed above, the Company also reduced its valuation allowance on the remaining tax attributes. The valuation allowance as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, was $117.0 million and $200.0 million, respectively.

Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”) which is now codified as FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement criteria for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be considered more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company has taken positions in certain taxing jurisdictions for which it is more likely than not that previously unrecognized tax benefits will be recognized. The Company records interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of the provision for income taxes. At January 1, 2008, and for the periods ended December 31, 2008 through September 30, 2013, the Company had no unrecognized tax benefits.

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions. The Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax examination for calendar tax years ended 2009 through 2012. The Company is subject to various state income tax examinations for calendar tax years ended 2008 through 2012.

Note 9—Business Combination

The Company acquired 100.00% of various entities which operate under the Village Homes brand (“Village Homes”) in the Denver metropolitan area, Fort Collins, and Granby, Colorado markets on December 7, 2012. The purchase price was $33.2 million in cash and the acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations . Village Homes immediately began operating as a division of the Company, as its Colorado segment. The Village Homes brand was established in 1984 and has been a leading developer and builder of move-up homes, selling

 

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more than 10,000 homes in the Denver area over the past 25 years. The acquisition of Village Homes allowed the Company to expand into the Denver market, one of the largest and fastest growing housing markets in the United States, adding a fifth region while diversifying the Company’s existing portfolio. The acquisition eliminated lead-time and start-up costs of expanding into a new market, and provided a platform that can grow significantly without the need for additional general and administrative expenses.

The assets and liabilities acquired through the purchase of Village Homes were as follows (in thousands):

 

Real estate inventories owned

   $ 32,923   

Other assets, net

     1,463   

Intangibles

     907   

Receivables

     70   

Accounts payable

     (1,029

Accrued expenses

     (1,133
  

 

 

 

Cash paid for acquisitions, net

   $ 33,201   
  

 

 

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2012, the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the below unaudited pro forma information has been prepared to give effect to the Village Homes acquisition as if it occurred on January 1, 2012 (in thousands except number of shares and per share data):

 

     (unaudited)  
     Successor           Predecessor  
     Three
Months
Ended
September 30,
2012
    Period from
February  25
through
September  30,
2012
          Period from
January  1
through
February  24,
2012
 

Revenues

   $ 104,479      $ 283,090          $ 28,521   

Net (loss) income available to common stockholders

   $ (872   $ (9,267       $ 227,912   

(Loss) income per common share, basic and diluted

   $ (0.07   $ (0.79       $ 227,912   

Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted

     12,408,263        11,716,413            1,000   

The pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that would have been obtained had the acquisitions occurred at the beginning of the periods presented, nor are they necessarily indicative of future operating results.

Note 10—Income (Loss) Per Common Share

Basic and diluted income (loss) per common share for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 were calculated as follows (in thousands, except number of shares and per share amounts):

 

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     Successor          Predecessor  
     Three
Months Ended
September 30,

2013
     Three
Months  Ended

September 30,
2012
    Nine
Months Ended

September  30,
2013
     Nine
Months Ended

September  30,
2012
         Period from
January 1
through
February  24,
2012
 

Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding

     30,975,160         12,408,263        22,569,810         11,716,413           1,000   

Effect of dilutive securities:

               

Stock options, unvested common shares, and warrants (1)

     920,654         —          877,144         —             N/A   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

 

Diluted average shares outstanding

     31,895,814         12,408,263        23,446,954         11,716,413           1,000   

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

   $ 7,562       $ (1,507   $ 10,880       $ (9,409      $ 228,383   

Basic income (loss) per common share

   $ 0.24       $ (0.12   $ 0.48       $ (0.80      $ 228,383   

Dilutive income (loss) per common share

   $ 0.24       $ (0.12   $ 0.46       $ (0.80      $ 228,383   

Antidilutive securities not included in the calculation of diluted income (loss) per common share (weighted average):

               

Preferred shares

     N/A         7,858,404        N/A         7,858,404           N/A   

Warrants

     N/A         1,907,551        N/A         1,907,551           N/A   

 

(1) For periods with a net loss, all potentially dilutive shares related to the preferred shares, unvested common shares, and warrants were excluded from the diluted loss per common share calculations because the effect of their inclusion would be antidilutive, or would decrease the reported loss per common share.

Note 11—Stock Based Compensation

We account for share-based awards in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation , which requires the fair value of stock-based compensation awards to be amortized as an expense over the vesting period. Stock-based compensation awards are valued at the fair value on the date of grant. Compensation expense for awards with performance based conditions is recognized over the vesting period once achievement of the performance condition is deemed probable.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company granted 3,996 and 80,284, respectively, shares of restricted stock. No performance based restricted stock was issued during the three months ended September 30, 2013, however, 291,444 shares were issued during the nine months ended September 30, 2013.

Each of the performance based restricted stock awards vests as follows: One-third of the shares of performance based restricted stock will vest on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date, subject to the Company’s achievement of a pre-established return on equity target as of the end of the 2013 fiscal year and each officer’s continued service through each vesting date. As of September 30, 2013, the Company considers the current performance condition to be probable, thus $1.0 million of compensation expense has been recognized for these awards to date.

Each of the restricted stock awards vests as follows: 50% of the shares of restricted stock will vest on each of the first and second anniversaries of the grant date. In addition, the Company granted 0 and 40,998 shares of restricted stock to its non-employee directors during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively, which have a one year vesting schedule, with 25% vesting each quarter.

Stock based compensation expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 was $0.9 million and $2.2 million, respectively.

Note 12—Commitments and Contingencies

The Company’s commitments and contingent liabilities include the usual obligations incurred by real estate developers in the normal course of business. In the opinion of management, these matters will not have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

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The Company is a defendant in various lawsuits related to its normal business activities. We believe that the accruals we have recorded for probable and reasonably estimable losses with respect to these proceedings are adequate and that, as of September 30, 2013, it was not reasonably possible that an additional material loss had been incurred in an amount in excess of the estimated amounts already recognized on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

We have non-cancelable operating leases primarily associated with our office facilities. Rent expense under cancelable and non-cancelable operating leases totaled $0.4 million, $0.7 million, $1.3 million, $2.1 million, and $0.7 million, in the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, respectively, and is included in general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of operations for the respective periods. The table below shows the future minimum payments under non-cancelable operating leases at September 30, 2013 (in thousands).

 

Year Ending December 31

      

2013

   $ 370   

2014

     1,393   

2015

     731   

2016

     671   

2017

     697   

Thereafter

     2,734   
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 6,596   
  

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company had $0.9 million and $0.9 million, respectively, in deposits as collateral for outstanding surety bonds to guarantee the Company’s financial obligations under certain contractual arrangements in the normal course of business. The standby letters of credit were secured by cash as reflected as restricted cash on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

The Company also had outstanding performance and surety bonds of $48.4 million at September 30, 2013, related principally to its obligations for site improvements at various projects. The Company does not believe that draws upon these bonds, if any, will have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. As of September 30, 2013, the Company had $92.4 million, of project commitments relating to the construction of projects.

See Note 5 for additional information relating to the Company’s guarantee arrangements.

In addition to the land bank agreement discussed below, the Company has entered into various purchase option agreements with third parties to acquire land. As of September 30, 2013, the Company has made non-refundable deposits of $25.4 million. The Company is under no obligation to purchase the land, but would forfeit remaining deposits if the land were not purchased. The total remaining purchase price under the option agreements is $238.6 million as of September 30, 2013.

Land Banking Arrangements

The Company enters into purchase agreements with various land sellers. As a method of acquiring land in staged takedowns, thereby minimizing the use of funds from the Company’s available cash or other corporate financing sources and limiting the Company’s risk, the Company transfers the Company’s right in such purchase agreements to entities owned by third parties (“land banking arrangements”). These entities use equity contributions and/or incur debt to finance the acquisition and development of the land. The entities grant the Company an option to acquire lots in staged takedowns. In consideration for this option, the Company makes a non-refundable deposit of 15% to 25% of the total purchase price. The Company is under no obligation to purchase the balance of the lots, but would forfeit existing deposits of $14.7 million and could be subject to penalties if the lots were not purchased. The Company does not have legal title to these entities or their assets and has not guaranteed their liabilities. These land banking arrangements help the Company manage the financial and market risk associated with land holdings.

The Company participates in one land banking arrangement, which is not a VIE in accordance with ASC 810, but which is consolidated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 470, Debt (“ASC 470”). Under the provisions of ASC 470, the Company has determined it is economically compelled, based on certain factors, to purchase the land in the land banking arrangement. The Company has recorded the remaining purchase price of the land of $20.7 million and $39.0 million, which is included in real estate inventories not owned and liabilities from inventories not owned in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, and represents the remaining net cash to be paid on the remaining land takedowns.

 

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Summary information with respect to the Company’s land banking arrangements is as follows as of the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

 

     Successor  
     September 30,
2013
     December 31,
2012
 

Total number of land banking projects

     1         1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total number of lots

     610         610   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total purchase price

   $ 161,465       $ 161,465   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance of lots still under option and not purchased:

     

Number of lots

     105         199   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Purchase price

   $ 20,738       $ 39,029   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Forfeited deposits if lots are not purchased

   $ 14,737       $ 27,734   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Note 13—Subsequent Events

No events have occurred subsequent to September 30, 2013, other than that listed below, that has required recognition or disclosure in the Company’s financial statements.

Issuance of Additional 8.5% Senior Notes Due November 15, 2020

On October 24, 2013, California Lyon completed the sale to certain purchasers of an additional $100.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 8.5% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “Additional Notes”) at an issue price of 106.5% of their aggregate principal amount, plus accrued interest from and including May 15, 2013, in a private placement, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $104.7 million. The Additional Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of November 8, 2012 (as amended or supplemented, the “Indenture”), by and among California Lyon, Parent, the subsidiary guarantors party thereto (together with Parent, the “Guarantors”) and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, under which California Lyon previously issued $325.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 8.5% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “Existing Notes” and, together with the Additional Notes, the “Notes”). The Additional Notes and the Existing Notes will be treated as a single class for all purposes under the Indenture and will have identical terms to the Existing Notes (see Note 5 for terms of Existing Notes).

The Company and Parent intend to use the net proceeds from the issuance of the Additional Notes for general corporate purposes, including the acquisition and development of land and home construction.

Closure of CB&T Loan

On October 30, 2013 the Company terminated its $30.0 million revolving credit facility with California Bank & Trust (see Note 5 for terms of the CB&T Loan). The Company had repaid all balances owed under this facility during July of 2013, and had no amounts outstanding as of September 30, 2013. The CB&T Loan was originally scheduled to mature on March 5, 2016.

 

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$100,000,000

 

LOGO

William Lyon Homes, Inc.

Exchange Offer for

8.500% Senior Notes due 2020

 

 

PROSPECTUS

 

 

            , 2013

 

 

 


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PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

ITEM 20. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

Delaware Corporation Registrants

Subsection (a) of Section 145 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, or the DGCL, empowers a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or who is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that the person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the person’s conduct was unlawful.

Subsection (b) of Section 145 of the DGCL empowers a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the person acted in any of the capacities set forth above, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, except that no indemnification will be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person has been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought determines upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.

Section 145 of the DGCL further provides that to the extent that a present or former director or officer of a corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in subsections (a) and (b) of Section 145, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person will be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith; that indemnification provided for by Section 145 will not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which the indemnified party may be entitled; and the indemnification provided by, or granted pursuant to, Section 145 will, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and will inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person. Section 145 also empowers the corporation to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under Section 145.

Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL provides that a corporation’s certificate of incorporation may contain a provision eliminating or limiting the personal liability of a director to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, provided that such provision will not eliminate or limit the liability of a director (i) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the DGCL, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.

The Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of William Lyon Homes provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, a director of the company will not be liable to the company or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. Further, the liability of a director of the company to the company or its stockholders for monetary damages will be eliminated to the fullest extent permissible under applicable law in the event it is determined that Delaware law does not apply. The company is authorized to provide for indemnification of directors, officers, employees and agents for breach of duty to the corporation and its stockholders in excess of the indemnification otherwise permitted by applicable law.

 

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The Amended and Restated Bylaws of William Lyon Homes provide for indemnification of the officers and directors to the full extent permitted by the DGCL. If the DGCL is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the corporation will be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL. These indemnification provisions may be sufficiently broad to permit indemnification of the company’s officers and directors for liabilities (including reimbursement of expenses incurred) arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act.

The Amended and Restated Bylaws of William Lyon Homes further provide that each person who was or is made a party to or is threatened to be made a party to or is involuntarily involved in any proceeding by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the corporation, or is or was serving (during such person’s tenure as director and/or officer) at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, whether the basis of such proceeding is an alleged action or inaction in an official capacity as a director or officer or in any other capacity while serving as a director or officer, will be indemnified and held harmless by the corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL (or other applicable law) against all expense, liability and loss reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection with such proceeding (for William Lyon Homes, such indemnification rights will continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer and will inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and administrators). Such director or officer has the right to be paid these expenses in advance of a final disposition; provided, however, that, if the DGCL (or other applicable law) requires, the advance payment will be made only upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay all amounts so advanced if it should be determined ultimately that such person is not entitled to be indemnified.

California Corporation Registrants

Subsection (b) of Section 317 of the California Corporations Code, or the California Code, empowers a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any proceeding (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor) by reason of the fact that the person is or was an agent of the corporation, as defined in that section, against expenses, judgments, fines, settlements, and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred in connection with the proceeding if that person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the corporation and, in the case of a criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the conduct of the person was unlawful.

 

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Subsection (c) of Section 317 of the California Code further empowers a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending, or completed action by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the person is or was an agent of the corporation, against expenses actually and reasonably incurred by that person in connection with the defense or settlement of the action if the person acted in good faith, in a manner the person believed to be in the best interests of the corporation and its shareholders.

Section 317 of the California Code provides that indemnification is precluded under certain circumstances, including, (i) in respect of a claim, issue or matter as to which the person has been adjudged to be liable to the corporation in the performance of that person’s duty to the corporation and its shareholders, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the proceeding is or was pending determines upon application that, in view of all the circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for expenses and then only to the extent that the court determines (ii) of amounts paid in settling or otherwise disposing of a pending action without court approval, and (iii) of expenses incurred in defending a pending action which is settled or otherwise disposed of without court approval. To the extent that an agent of a corporation has been successful on the merits in defense of any proceeding referred to in Subsections (b) or (c) of Section 317 or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such agent will be indemnified against expenses actually and reasonably incurred in connection therewith. Otherwise, Section 317 requires that indemnification must be authorized in each specific instance by either a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to such proceeding, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion if such a quorum of directors is not obtainable, by approval of the shareholders, with shares owned by the person to be indemnified not being entitled to vote, or by the court in which the proceeding is or was pending upon application by the corporation or an agent or attorney or other person rendering services in connection with the defense. Expenses incurred in defending any proceeding may be advanced by the corporation prior to the final disposition of the proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the agent to repay that amount if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified under Section 317.

Section 317 of the California Code further provides that the indemnification provided for under Section 317 shall not be deemed exclusive of any additional rights to indemnification for breach of duty to the corporation and its shareholders while acting in the capacity of a director or officer of the corporation to the extent such additional rights are properly authorized. The indemnification provided for under Section 317 for acts, omissions, or transactions while acting in the capacity of, or while serving as, a director or officer of the corporation but not involving breach of duty to the corporation and its shareholders will not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise, to the extent the additional rights to indemnification are authorized in the articles of the corporation. The rights to such indemnification will continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and will inure to the benefit of such person’s heirs, executors and administrators. Section 317 also empowers the corporation to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any agent of the corporation against any liability asserted against or incurred by the agent in that capacity or arising out of the agent’s status as such whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify the agent against that liability under Section 317.

Articles of Incorporation

The Articles of Incorporation of California Equity Funding, Inc., Duxford Financial, Inc., Presley CMR, Inc., HSP Inc., Presley Homes and Sycamore CC, Inc. provide that the corporation is authorized to indemnify the directors and officers to the fullest extent permissible under California law. The Articles of Incorporation also provide that the liability of the directors for monetary damage will be eliminated to the fullest extent permissible under California law.

California Equity Funding Inc., Presley Homes, and Sycamore CC, Inc. also provide in their Articles of Incorporation that if California law is ever amended to authorize the further elimination or limitation of the personal liability of directors, then the liability of directors will be so eliminated or limited.

The Articles of Incorporation of PH-LP Ventures, PH Ventures-San Jose and PH Rielly Ventures provide that the liability of the directors for monetary damage will be eliminated to the fullest extent permissible under California law. Additionally, the corporation is authorized to provide indemnification of agents through bylaw provisions, agreements with agents, votes of shareholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, in excess of the indemnification otherwise permitted by Section 317 of the California Code, subject to certain statutory limitations. The Articles of Incorporation of PH Reilly Ventures limit the authorization in the previous sentence to breaches of duty to the corporation and its shareholders.

The Articles of Incorporation of William Lyon Homes, Inc. are silent regarding indemnification of directors and officers.

 

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Bylaws

The bylaws of William Lyon Homes, Inc., California Equity Funding, Inc., Duxford Financial, Inc., Presley CMR, Inc., HSP Inc., Presley Homes and Sycamore CC, Inc. provide that each person who was or is made a party to or is threatened to be made a party to or is involuntarily involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (for purposes of this paragraph, a “Proceeding”), by reason of the fact that such person, or a person of whom such person is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the corporation or is or was serving (during such person’s tenure as director or officer) at the request of the corporation, any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise in any capacity, whether the basis of a Proceeding is an alleged action in an official capacity as a director or officer or in any other capacity while serving as a director or officer, will be indemnified and held harmless by the corporation to the fullest extent authorized by California General Corporation Law, as the same exists or may be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than said law permitted the corporation to provide prior to such amendment), against all expenses, liability and loss (including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines, or penalties and amounts to be paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection therewith. The right to indemnification will be a contract right and will include the right to be paid by the corporation the expenses incurred in defending a Proceeding in advance of its final disposition; provided, however, that, if California General Corporation Law requires, the payment of such expenses in advance of the final disposition of a Proceeding will be made only upon receipt by the corporation of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified under the bylaws or otherwise. No amendment to or repeal of the indemnity provisions will apply to or have any effect on any right to indemnification with respect to any acts or omissions occurring prior to such amendment or repeal. The corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify the person against that expense, liability or loss under the California General Corporation Law. The corporation may create a trust fund, grant a security interest and/or use other means (including, without limitation, letters of credit, surety bonds and/or other similar arrangements), as well as enter into contracts providing indemnification to the full extent authorized or permitted by law and including as part thereof provisions with respect to any or all of the foregoing to ensure the payment of such amounts as may become necessary to effect indemnification as provided therein, or elsewhere. The corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, grant rights to indemnification, including the right to be paid by the corporation the expenses incurred in defending a Proceeding in advance of its final disposition, to any employee or agent of the corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of the bylaws or otherwise with respect to the indemnification and advancement of expenses of directors and officers of the corporation. The aforementioned indemnity and insurance rights are not exclusive of any other rights which any director, officer, employee or agent may have or acquire under any statute, provision of the Articles of Incorporation, bylaw, agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, to the extent the additional rights to indemnification are authorized in the Articles of Incorporation of the corporation.

The Bylaws of PH-LP Ventures and PH Ventures-San Jose provide that the liability of the directors of the corporation for monetary damages will be eliminated to the fullest extent permissible under California law. The corporation is authorized to provide indemnification of agents for breach of duty to the corporation and shareholders through bylaw provisions or through agreements with the agents, or both, in excess of the indemnification otherwise permitted by Section 317 of the California Code, subject to certain statutory limits.

The Bylaws of PH Rielly Ventures generally permit indemnification to the extent allowed by Section 317 California Code. The only significant differences between the bylaws and Section 317 California Code exist regarding the exclusivity of the indemnification and the ability of the corporation to purchase insurance. The bylaws provide that the indemnification will not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in an official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, to the extent such additional rights to indemnification are authorized in the Articles of Incorporation. The rights to indemnity will continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and will inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such person. With regard to insurance, the fact that a corporation owns all or a portion of the shares of the company issuing a policy of insurance will not render the provisions related to insurance inapplicable if either of the following conditions are satisfied: (a) If authorized in the Articles of Incorporation, any policy is limited to the extent provided by subdivision (d) of Corporations Code Section 204 or (b) The company issuing the insurance policy is organized, licensed and operated in a manner that complies with the insurance laws and regulations applicable to its jurisdiction of organization and provides procedures for processing claims that do not permit that company to be subject to the direct control of the corporation that purchased the policy; and the policy issued provides for some manner of risk sharing between the issuer and purchaser of the policy, on one hand, and some unaffiliated person or persons, on the other, such as by providing for more than one unaffiliated owner of the company issuing the policy or by providing that a portion of the coverage furnished will be obtained from some unaffiliated insurer or reinsurer.

 

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Arizona Corporation Registrant

Section 10-850 et seq . of the Arizona Revised Statutes (“A.R.S.”) provides that a corporation may indemnify an individual made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative and whether formal or informal (a “proceeding”) because either (1) the individual is or was a director against liability incurred in the proceeding and (a) the individual’s conduct was in good faith, (b) the individual (i) in the case of conduct in an official capacity with the corporation, reasonably believed that the conduct was in the corporation’s best interests, (ii) in all other cases, reasonably believed that the conduct was at least not opposed to the corporation’s best interests, and (c) in the case of any criminal proceedings, had no reasonable cause to believe the conduct was unlawful; or (2) the director engaged in conduct for which broader indemnification has been made permissible or obligatory under a provision of the articles of incorporation. Indemnification in connection with a proceeding by or in the right of the corporation is limited to reasonable expenses incurred in connection with the proceeding. A corporation may not indemnify a director in connection with a proceeding by or in the right of the corporation in which the director was adjudged liable to the corporation; or in connection with any other proceeding charging improper financial benefit to the director, whether or not involving action in the director’s official capacity, in which the director was adjudged liable on the basis that financial benefit was improperly received by the director.

Unless limited by the articles of incorporation, a corporation must indemnify (“mandatory indemnification”) a director who was the prevailing party, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which the director was a party because the director is or was a director of the corporation against reasonable expenses incurred by the director in connection with the proceeding. Unless limited by the articles of incorporation or Section 10-851, Subsection D of the A.R.S., a corporation must indemnify a director who while serving as a director was not an officer, employee or holder of more than five per cent of the outstanding shares of any class of stock of the corporation or of any affiliate of the corporation (“outside director”). Unless limited by the articles of incorporation, a corporation must pay an outside director’s expenses in advance of a final disposition of a proceeding, if the director furnishes the corporation with a written affirmation of the director’s good faith belief that the director has met the standard of conduct described in the foregoing paragraph and the director furnishes the corporation with a written undertaking executed personally, or on the director’s behalf, to repay the advance if it is ultimately determined that the director did not meet the relevant standard of conduct. Notwithstanding the foregoing, under the provisions that apply exclusively to outside directors a corporation may not provide the indemnification or the advancement of expenses provided for in this paragraph if a court of competent jurisdiction has determined before payment that the outside director failed to meet the standards described in the foregoing paragraph and a court of competent jurisdiction does not otherwise authorize payment under Section 10-854 of the A.R.S.

Section 10-856 of the A.R.S. provides that a corporation may indemnify and advance expenses to an officer who is a party to a proceeding because the individual is or was an officer of the corporation (1) to the same extent as a director; and (2) if the individual is an officer but not a director (or if both an officer and director, if the basis on which the officer is made a party to the proceeding is an act or omission solely as an officer), to the further extent as may be provided by the articles of incorporation, the bylaws, a resolution of the board of directors, or contract, except for (a) liability in connection with a proceeding by or in the right of the corporation other than for reasonable expenses incurred in connection with the proceeding; and (b) liability arising out of conduct that constitutes receipt by the officer of a financial benefit to which the officer is not entitled, an intentional infliction of harm on the corporation or the shareholders, or an intentional violation of criminal law.

Additionally, a corporation may, before final disposition of the proceeding, pay for or reimburse the reasonable expenses incurred by a director who is a party to a proceeding; provided that the director furnishes the corporation with (i) a written affirmation of the director’s good faith belief that the director has met the relevant standard of conduct or that the proceeding involves conduct for which liability has been properly eliminated under a provision of the articles of incorporation; and (ii) a written undertaking, executed personally or on the director’s behalf, to repay the advance if the director is not entitled to mandatory indemnification and it is ultimately determined that the director did not meet the relevant standard of conduct.

A corporation may purchase and maintain insurance, including retrospectively rated and self-insured programs, on behalf of an individual who is or was a director or officer of the corporation or who, while a director or officer of the corporation, is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee or agent of another foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other entity, against liability asserted against or incurred by the individual in that capacity or arising from the individual’s status as a director or officer, whether or not the corporation would have power to indemnify or advance expenses to the individual against the same liability.

 

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Unless a corporation’s articles of incorporation provide otherwise, a director of the corporation who is a party to a proceeding may also apply for indemnification or an advance for expenses to the court conducting the proceeding or to another court of competent jurisdiction.

A corporation’s power to indemnify, advance expenses or maintain insurance on behalf of an employee or agent is not limited by the foregoing laws.

The Articles of Incorporation of William Lyon Southwest, Inc. provide that the corporation will indemnify, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, any person who incurs liability or expense by reason of such person acting as an officer, director, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise. The foregoing indemnification is mandatory when such indemnification is permitted by law. To the fullest extent permitted by the A.R.S., a director will not be liable to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for any action taken or any failure to take any action as a director.

The bylaws of William Lyon Southwest, Inc. provide that the corporation will indemnify any director or officer of the corporation who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed proceedings (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is or was an authorized representative of the corporation (which means a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise) against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such proceeding to the maximum extent allowed under the Arizona Business Corporations Act (“BCA”) and not prohibited by the articles of incorporation. To the extent that an authorized representative of the corporation who neither was nor is a director or officer of the corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any proceeding or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person will be indemnified by the corporation against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith. Such an authorized representative may, at the discretion of the corporation, be indemnified by the corporation in any other circumstances to any extent if the corporation would be required by the bylaws to indemnify such person in such circumstances to such extent if such person were or had been a director or officer of the corporation. The bylaws also provide for the payment of expenses in advance of the final disposition of such proceeding to the extent permitted under the BCA and not prohibited under the articles of incorporation. Each person who acts as an authorized representative of the corporation will be deemed to be doing so in reliance upon such rights of indemnification as are provided in the articles of incorporation or in the bylaws. The indemnification provided in the articles of incorporation or by the bylaws are not exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification may be entitled under any agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested directors, statute or otherwise, both as to action in such person’s official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office or position, and will continue as to a person who has ceased to be an authorized representative of the corporation and will inure to the benefit of the heirs and personal representative of such person.

Arizona Limited Liability Company Registrant

Section 29-610 of the A.R.S. states that, unless otherwise provided in a company’s articles of organization, an Arizona limited liability company may indemnify a member, manager, employee, officer or agent or any other person.

The Operating Agreement of Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC provides that the company will indemnify, save harmless and pay all judgments and claims against the manager and each member relating to any liability or damage incurred that is attributable to any act performed or omitted to be performed by such individual in connection with the business of the company, including attorneys’ fees incurred in connection with the defense of any action based on any such act or omission, which attorneys’ fees will be paid as incurred. The company will have the right to assume the defense in any action or claim with respect to which it is indemnifying the manager or member. No manager or member will be personally liable or responsible for any claims or obligations, whether to the company, the manager or a member, with respect to any claim or obligation for which the company has agreed to indemnity, save harmless or pay; provided however, that there will be no indemnification of the manager or a member with respect to any liability, claim or obligation attributable to such manager’s or member’s fraud, bad faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct or for any expense, cost or liability for which such manager or member is personally responsible or liable under the terms of the bylaws or any other instrument. The indemnification will apply only in the event, and to the extent, that the manager or a member is not entitled to indemnification, or other payment, from any other source (including insurance). No manager or member will be personally liable for the failure of the company to make distributions as set forth in the bylaws and will not be liable, responsible, accountable in damages or otherwise to the company or the members for any act or omission performed or omitted by such manager or member in connection with the company or its business. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the manager and members will in all instances be liable for acts or omissions in breach of the bylaws or which constitute fraud, gross negligence, willful misconduct or breach of fiduciary duty.

 

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California General Partnership Registrant

Subsection (c) of Section 16401 of the California Code provides that a partnership will reimburse a partner for payments made and indemnify a partner for liabilities incurred by the partner in the ordinary course of the business of the partnership or for the preservation of its business or property.

The general partnership agreement of WLH Enterprises provides that the partnership will indemnify, defend and hold harmless to the maximum extent permitted by law each of the partners for all payments and personal liabilities incurred in the course of the partnership’s business or for the preservation of its business or property so long as such payments or liabilities were incurred (a) with a good faith belief by the partner that such action was authorized and (b) with the good faith belief that the actions taken would be in the best interests of the partnership. The partnership will pay currently the costs of defense, subject to the indemnified party’s confirming the obligation to reimburse the partnership in the event of a definitive determination that the indemnified party did not act with a good faith belief that the action was authorized and a good faith belief that the actions taken would be in the best interests of the partnership or that the indemnification is precluded by applicable law.

California Limited Liability Company Registrants

Under Section 17155 of the California Code, except for a breach of duty, the articles of organization or written operating agreement of a limited liability company may provide for indemnification of any person, including, without limitation, any manager, member, officer, employee, or agent of the limited liability company, against judgments, settlements, penalties, fines or expenses of any kind incurred as a result of acting in that capacity. A limited liability company may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any manager, member, officer, employee, or agent of the limited liability company against any liability asserted against or incurred by the person in that capacity or arising out of the person’s status as a manager, member, officer, employee, or agent of the limited liability company.

The operating agreement of Lyon East Garrison Company I, LLC provides that except as required by California Corporations Code, Section 17000 et seq ., the initial member and any additional members admitted to the company pursuant to the provisions of the operating agreement will not be personally liable under any judgment of a court, or in any other manner, for any debt, obligation or liability of the company. Except as otherwise provided in the operating agreement or by other individual contract, no officer or member will be liable to the company or to any member or officer for any loss or damage sustained by the company or any member or officer in such person’s capacity as such, unless the loss or damage is the result of fraud, deceit, reckless or intentional misconduct, gross negligence, or a knowing violation of law by the officer or member. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, an officer or member is entitled to indemnification from the company for any loss, damage, expense (including attorneys’ fees), liability or claim incurred by such officer or member by reason of any act or omission performed or omitted by such officer or member in good faith on behalf of the company and in a manner reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the company and within the scope of authority conferred on such officer or member by the operating agreement, except that no such officer or member is entitled to indemnification for any loss, damage, liability or claim incurred by such officer or member by reason of fraud, deceit, breach of fiduciary duty, reckless or intentional misconduct, gross negligence, or a knowing violation of law; provided, however, that any indemnity provided for by this paragraph be provided out of and to the extent of company assets only, no debt will be incurred by the company or the members in order to provide a source of funds for any indemnity, and no member will have any personal liability (or any liability to make any additional capital contributions) on account thereof. The indemnification will not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which any person seeking indemnification may be entitled under any agreement, vote of member(s) or otherwise.

Delaware Limited Liability Company Registrants

Section 18-108 of the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act provides that subject to such standards and restrictions, if any, as are set forth in its limited liability company agreement, a limited liability company may, and shall have the power to, indemnify and hold harmless any member or manager or other person from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever.

 

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The Limited Liability Company Agreement of Lyon Waterfront LLC provides that neither the member, any officer of the company nor any other authorized person or other representative of the company (for purposes of this paragraph, “Indemnified Party”) will be liable or accountable in damages or otherwise to the company for any error of judgment or any mistake of fact or law or for anything that such Indemnified Party may do or refrain from doing, except in the case of fraud, willful misconduct or gross negligence in performing or failing to perform such Indemnified Party’s duties. To the maximum extent permitted by law, the company indemnifies, defends, protects and agrees to hold each Indemnified Party wholly harmless from and against any and all loss, expense or damage suffered by such Indemnified Party by reason of anything which such Indemnified Party may do or refrain from doing for and on behalf of the company and in furtherance of its interest, except (i) for losses suffered as a result of such Indemnified Party’s fraud, willful misconduct or gross negligence in performing or in failing to perform such Indemnified Party’s duties, and (ii) any such indemnity will be recoverable only from the assets of the company and the member will not have any personal liability therefor.

Nevada Limited Liability Company Registrants

Section 86.371 of the Nevada Revised Statutes (the “N.R.S.”) provides that unless otherwise provided in the articles of organization or an agreement signed by the member or manager to be charged, no member or manager of any limited liability company is individually liable for the debts or liabilities of the company.

Section 86.411 of the N.R.S. provides that a limited liability company may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, except an action by or in the right of the company, by reason of the fact that the person is or was a manager, member, employee or agent of the company, or is or was serving at the request of the company as a manager, member, employee or agent of another limited liability company, corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses, including attorney’s fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the action, suit or proceeding if the person acted in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the company, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the conduct was unlawful.

 

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Section 86.421 of the N.R.S. provides that a limited liability company may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the company to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the person is or was a manager, member, employee or agent of the company, or is or was serving at the request of the company as a manager, member, employee or agent of another limited liability company, corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses, including amounts paid in settlement and attorneys’ fees actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the defense or settlement of the action or suit if the person acted in good faith and in a manner in which he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the company. Indemnification may not be made for any claim, issue or matter as to which such a person has been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction, after exhaustion of all appeals therefrom, to be liable to the company or for amounts paid in settlement to the company, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action or suit was brought or other court of competent jurisdiction determines upon application that in view of all the circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses as the court deems proper.

Section 86.431 of the N.R.S. provides that to the extent that a manager, member, employee or agent of a limited-liability company has been successful in defense of any action, suit or proceeding described in the preceding two paragraphs, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, the company must indemnify such person against expenses, including attorney’s fees, actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense. Any indemnification under the preceding two paragraphs, unless ordered by a court or advanced pursuant to the procedures of the paragraph below, may be made only as authorized in the specific case upon a valid determination that indemnification is proper in the circumstances.

Section 86.441 of the N.R.S. states that the articles of organization, the operating agreement or a separate agreement may provide that the limited liability company must pay the expenses of members and managers incurred in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding, as they are incurred and in advance of the final disposition of the action, upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the manager or member to repay the amount if it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that the member or manager is not entitled to be indemnified.

Section 86.451 of the N.R.S. provides that the indemnification or advancement of expenses discussed above (1) does not exclude any other rights to which a person seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the articles of organization or any operating agreement, vote of members or disinterested managers, if any, or otherwise, for an action in the person’s official capacity or an action in another capacity while holding office, except that indemnification, unless ordered by a court pursuant to Section 86.421 of the N.R.S. or for the advancement of expenses made pursuant to Section 86.441 of the N.R.S., may not be made to or on behalf of any member or manager if a final adjudication establishes that the member’s or the manager’s acts or omissions involved intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of the law and was material to the cause of action; and (2) continues for a person who has ceased to be a member, manager, employee or agent and inures to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.

Section 86.461 of the N.R.S. permits a limited liability company to purchase and maintain insurance or make other financial arrangements on behalf of any current or former member, manager, employee or agent of the company, or any person who is or was serving at the request of the company as a manager, member, employee or agent of another corporation, limited-liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, for any liability asserted against the person and liability and expenses incurred by the person in his or her capacity as a manager, member, employee or agent, or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the company has the authority to indemnify such a person against such liability and expenses.

The operating agreements of Mountain Falls, LLC and Mountain Falls Golf Course, LLC provide that the company will indemnify each member, including the managing member, if it acts as the project’s general contractor, in the managing member’s capacity as general contractor, and the company will have the power to indemnify any person, who was or is a party, or who is threatened to be made a party, to any proceeding by reason of the fact that such person was or is a member, managing member, officer, employee, or other agent of the company, or was or is serving at the request of the company as a director, officer, employee, or other agent of another limited liability company, corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, against expenses, judgments, fines, settlements, and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such proceeding, if such person acted in good faith and in a manner that such person reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the company, and, in the case of a criminal proceeding, such person had no reasonable cause to believe that the person’s conduct was unlawful. To the extent that an agent of the company has been successful on the merits in defense of any proceeding, or in defense of any claim, issue, or matter in any such proceeding, the agent will be indemnified against expenses actually and reasonably incurred in connection with the proceeding. In all other cases, indemnification will be provided by the company only if authorized in the specific case by a majority of members. Indemnification expenses actually and reasonably incurred may be paid by the company in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding, as authorized by the managing member, upon receipt of an undertaking by such person to repay such amount unless it is ultimately determined that such person is entitled to be indemnified by the company.

 

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Other

To the extent that indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling our company pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. If a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by us of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of our company in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by any of our directors, officers or controlling persons in connection with the securities being registered, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by us is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of that issue.

In addition, the Company has entered into indemnification agreements with certain of our executive officers and each of our directors pursuant to which the company has agreed to indemnify such executive officers and directors against liability incurred by them by reason of their services as an executive officer or director to the fullest extent allowable under applicable law. We also provide liability insurance for each director and officer for certain losses arising from claims or charges made against them while acting in their capacities as our directors or officers.

 

ITEM 21. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(A) EXHIBITS

The attached exhibit index is incorporated by reference herein.

(B) FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

Financial schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or not required, or because the information is included herein in our financial statements and/or the notes related thereto.

ITEM 22. UNDERTAKINGS

(a) Each of the undersigned registrants hereby undertakes:

(1) to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

 

  (i) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

 

  (ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement.; and

 

  (iii) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

(2) that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;

(3) to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;

(4) that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser, if the registrants are subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use;

 

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(5) that, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities: The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

 

  (i) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrants relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

 

  (ii) any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrants or used or referred to by the undersigned registrants;

 

  (iii) the portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrants or their securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrants; and

 

  (iv) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrants to the purchaser.

(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of any registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, each registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by any registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of such registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, each registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

(c) Each undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to respond to requests for information that is incorporated by reference into the prospectus pursuant to Items 4, 10(b), 11, or 13 of Form S-4, within one business day of receipt of such request, and to send the incorporated documents by first class mail or other equally prompt means. This includes information contained in documents filed subsequent to the effective date of the registration statement through the date of responding to the request.

(d) Each undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to supply by means of a post-effective amendment all information concerning a transaction, and the company being acquired involved therein, that was not the subject of and included in the registration statement when it became effective.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

WILLIAM LYON HOMES, INC.,
a California corporation
By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  William H. Lyon
  Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer, Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Director

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

WILLIAM LYON HOMES,
a Delaware corporation
By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  William H. Lyon
  Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer, Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Executive Chairman, Director

/ S /    D OUGLAS K. A MMERMAN        

   
Douglas K. Ammerman     Director

/ S /    G ARY H. H UNT        

   
Gary H. Hunt     Director

/ S /    M ATTHEW R. N IEMANN        

   
Matthew R. Niemann     Director

 

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/ S /    N ATHANIEL R EDLEAF        

   
Nathaniel Redleaf     Director

/ S /    L YNN C ARLSON S CHELL        

   
Lynn Carlson Schell     Director

/ S /    M ICHAEL B ARR        

   
Michael Barr     Director

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

CALIFORNIA EQUITY FUNDING, INC.,
a California corporation
By:  

/s/ R ICHARD S. R OBINSON

  Richard S. Robinson
  President and Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson    

President, Chief Executive Officer, Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial

Officer, Director

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon     Director

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

PH-LP VENTURES,
a California corporation
By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  William H. Lyon
  Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

William H. Lyon

    Chief Executive Officer, Director
    (Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

Colin T. Severn

    Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
    (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

General William Lyon

    Director

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

Richard S. Robinson

    Director

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

DUXFORD FINANCIAL, INC.,
a California corporation
By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  William H. Lyon
  Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer, Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Director

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

SYCAMORE CC, INC.,
a California corporation
By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  William H. Lyon
  Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer, Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Director

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

PRESLEY CMR, INC.,
a California corporation
By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  William H. Lyon
  Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer, Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Director

 

II-19


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

WILLIAM LYON SOUTHWEST, INC.,
an Arizona corporation
By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  William H. Lyon
  Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer, Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Director

 

II-20


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

PH-RIELLY VENTURES,
a California corporation
By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  William H. Lyon
  Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer, Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Director

 

II-21


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

HSP INC.,
a California corporation
By:  

/s/ R ICHARD S. R OBINSON

  Richard S. Robinson
  President

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson    

President, Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Treasurer, Director

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon     Director

 

II-22


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

PH VENTURES-SAN JOSE,
a California corporation
By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  William H. Lyon
  Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer, Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Director

 

II-23


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

PRESLEY HOMES,
a California corporation
By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  William H. Lyon
  Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer, Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Director

 

II-24


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

WLH ENTERPRISES,
a California general partnership
By:   William Lyon Homes, Inc.,
  a California corporation
Its:   General Partner
  By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  Name:   William H. Lyon
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer
By:   Presley CMR, Inc.,
  a California corporation
Its:   General Partner
  By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  Name:   William H. Lyon
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer of General Partner, Member of Management Committee

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

of General Partner

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Member of Management Committee

 

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Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

LYON EAST GARRISON COMPANY I, LLC,
a California limited liability company
By:   William Lyon Homes, Inc.,
  a California corporation
Its:   Sole Member
  By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  Name:   William H. Lyon
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer and Director of Sole Member

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

of Sole Member

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director of Sole Member

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Director of Sole Member

 

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Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

LYON WATERFRONT LLC,
a Delaware limited liability company
By:   William Lyon Homes, Inc.,
  a California corporation
Its:   Sole Member
  By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  Name:   William H. Lyon
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer and Director of Sole Member

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

of Sole Member

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director of Sole Member

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Director of Sole Member

 

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Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

CIRCLE G AT THE CHURCH FARM NORTH JOINT VENTURE, LLC,
an Arizona limited liability company
By:   William Lyon Homes, Inc.,
  a California corporation
Its:   Manager
  By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  Name:   William H. Lyon
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer and Director of Manager

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

of Manager

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director of Manager

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Director of Manager

 

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Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

MOUNTAIN FALLS, LLC,
a Nevada limited liability company
By:   William Lyon Homes, Inc.,
  a California corporation
Its:   Sole Member
  By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  Name:   William H. Lyon
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

       

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer and Director of Sole Member

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

of Sole Member

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director of Sole Member

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Director of Sole Member

 

II-29


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the co-registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-4 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on December 27, 2013.

 

MOUNTAIN FALLS GOLF COURSE, LLC,
a Nevada limited liability company
By:  

WLH ENTERPRISES,

a California general partnership

Its:   Managing Member
  By:  

William Lyon Homes, Inc.,

a California corporation

  Its:   General Partner
  By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  Name:   William H. Lyon
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer
  By:  

Presley CMR, Inc.

a California corporation

  Its:   General Partner
  By:  

/s/ W ILLIAM H. L YON

  Name:   William H. Lyon
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints William H. Lyon and Colin T. Severn, and each and any of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all (i) amendments (including post-effective amendments) and additions to this registration statement and (ii) any and all additional registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or either of them or their or his or her substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form S-4 has been signed on December 27, 2013 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

 

Signature

     

Title

/s/    W ILLIAM H. L YON        

   
William H. Lyon    

Chief Executive Officer and Director of General Partner of

Managing Member

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    C OLIN T. S EVERN        

   
Colin T. Severn    

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

of General Partner of Managing Member

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    G ENERAL W ILLIAM L YON        

   
General William Lyon     Director of General Partner of Managing Member

/s/    R ICHARD S. R OBINSON        

   
Richard S. Robinson     Director of General Partner of Managing Member

 

II-30


Table of Contents

EXHIBIT INDEX

The following is a list of exhibits filed as part of this registration statement.

 

Exhibit

Number

  

Description

    3.1    Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 28, 2013).
    3.2    Amended and Restated Bylaws of William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 28, 2013).
    3.3    Certificate of Ownership and Merger (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on January 5, 2000).
    3.4    Certificate of Ownership and Merger (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 2006).
    3.5    Articles of Incorporation of William Lyon Homes, Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3 filed with the Commission on November 17, 2011).
    3.6    Bylaws of William Lyon Homes, Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-187867))
    3.7    Articles of Incorporation of California Equity Funding, Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.8    Bylaws of California Equity Funding, Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.9    Articles of Incorporation of PH-LP Ventures (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.10    Bylaws of PH-LP Ventures (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.11    Articles of Incorporation of Duxford Financial, Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.12    Bylaws of Duxford Financial, Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.13    Articles of Incorporation of Sycamore CC, Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.14    Bylaws of Sycamore CC, Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.15    Articles of Incorporation of Presley CMR, Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.16    Bylaws of Presley CMR, Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.17    Articles of Incorporation of William Lyon Southwest, Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.18    Bylaws of William Lyon Southwest, Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.19    Articles of Incorporation of PH-Rielly Ventures (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.20    Bylaws of PH-Rielly Ventures (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).


Table of Contents

Exhibit

Number

  

Description

    3.21    Articles of Incorporation of HSP Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.22    Bylaws of HSP Inc. (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.23    Articles of Incorporation of PH Ventures-San Jose (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.24    Bylaws of PH Ventures-San Jose (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.25    Articles of Incorporation of Presley Homes (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.26    Bylaws of Presley Homes (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.27    Statement of Partnership Authority of WLH Enterprises (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.28    General Partnership Agreement of WLH Enterprises (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Form S-4/A filed with the Commission on January 10, 2005).
    3.29    Articles of Organization of Lyon East Garrison Company I, LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.30    Operating Agreement of Lyon East Garrison Company I, LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s Form T-3/A filed with the Commission on February 22, 2012).
    3.31    Certificate of Formation of Lyon Waterfront LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-187867)).
    3.32    Limited Liability Company Agreement of Lyon Waterfront LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-187867)).
    3.33    Articles of Organization of Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-187867)).
    3.34    Operating Agreement of Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-187867)).
    3.35    First Amendment to the Operating Agreement of Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-187867)).
    3.36    Second Amendment to the Operating Agreement of Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-187867)).


Table of Contents

Exhibit

Number

  

Description

    3.37    Articles of Organization of Mountain Falls, LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-187867)).
    3.38    Operating Agreement of Mountain Falls, LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-187867)).
    3.39    Articles of Organization of Mountain Falls Golf Course, LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-187867)).
    3.40    Operating Agreement of Mountain Falls Golf Course, LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-187867)).
    3.41    Agreement Regarding Amendment to Operating Agreements of Mountain Falls, LLC and Mountain Falls Golf Course, LLC (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-187867)).
    4.1    Supplemental Indenture dated as of November 8, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., William Lyon Homes, and certain of William Lyon Homes’s subsidiaries (as guarantors) and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on November 8, 2012).
    4.2    Indenture (including form of 8.5% Senior Note due 2020), dated as of November 8, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., William Lyon Homes, certain of William Lyon Homes’s subsidiaries (as guarantors) and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on November 8, 2012).
    4.3    First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 15, 2013, among William Lyon Homes, Inc., NVH Development, LLC, NVH Parent, LLC, NVH INV, LLC, NVH WIP LLLP and NVHDEV-GP, Inc., and U.S. Bank National Bank Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2013).
    5.1+    Opinion of Latham & Watkins LLP.
    5.2+    Opinion of Bryan Cave LLC.
    5.3+    Opinion of Greenberg Traurig, P.A.
  10.1    Form of Indemnity Agreement, between William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation, and the directors and officers of William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 1999).
  10.2    Property Management Agreement between Corporate Enterprises, Inc., a California corporation (Owner) and William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (Manager) dated and effective November 5, 1999 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 1999).
  10.3    Warranty Service Agreement between Corporate Enterprises, Inc., a California corporation and William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation dated and effective November 5, 1999 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 1999).
  10.4    Standard Industrial/Commercial Single-Tenant Lease—Net between William Lyon Homes, Inc. and a trust of which William H. Lyon is the sole beneficiary (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 2000).
  10.5    The Presley Companies Non-Qualified Retirement Plan for Outside Directors (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 2002).
  10.6    Sixth Extension and Modification Agreement dated December 30, 2011, by and between Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company, and U.S. Bank National Association, a national banking association (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Registration Statement filed August 10, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).
  10.7    Aircraft Purchase and Sale Agreement dated as of September 3, 2009, by and between Presley CMR, Inc., and Martin Aviation, Inc., or its designee (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 10, 2009).
  10.8    Secured Promissory Note dated September 9, 2009 from Martin Aviation, Inc., a California corporation payable to William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 10, 2009).


Table of Contents

Exhibit

Number

  

Description

  10.9    Aircraft Mortgage and Security Agreement between Martin Aviation, Inc., a California corporation and William Lyon Homes, Inc., dated as of September 9, 2009 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 10, 2009).
  10.10†    Project Completion Bonus Plan (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 20, 2010).
  10.11    Form of Second Lien Notes Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes, Inc. and the Holders (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
  10.12    Form of Class A Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes and the Holders (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
  10.13    Class B Common Stock and Warrant Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes and the Purchaser (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
  10.14    Warrant to Purchase Shares of Class B Common Stock of William Lyon Homes, dated as of February 25, 2012 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
  10.15    Class B Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes and the Holders (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
  10.16    Form of Convertible Preferred Stock and Class C Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes and the Holders party thereto (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
  10.17†    Employment Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes, William Lyon Homes, Inc. and General William Lyon (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
  10.18†    Employment Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes, William Lyon Homes, Inc. and William H. Lyon (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
  10.19    Amended and Restated Loan Agreement, dated April 23, 2010, between Bank of the West, a California banking corporation, Mountain Falls, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company, and Mountain Falls Golf Course, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 Registration Statement filed December 6, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).
  10.20    Purchase and Sale Agreement and Joint Escrow Instructions, dated June 28, 2012, by and among ColFin WLH Land Acquisitions, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation, and William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 Registration Statement filed December 6, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).
  10.21†    Form of Employment Agreement, dated as of July 1, 2011, by William Lyon Homes and each of Matthew R. Zaist, Colin T. Severn and Bryan W. Doyle (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on July 8, 2011).
  10.22†    2011 Key Employee Bonus Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to Exhibit 10.1 to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on July 8, 2011).
  10.23†    William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.24 to William Lyon Homes’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-183249) filed December 6, 2012 and incorporated by reference herein).


Table of Contents

Exhibit

Number

  

Description

  10.24†    William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 Registration Statement filed December 6, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).
  10.25†    William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice and Restricted Stock Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 Registration Statement filed December 6, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).
  10.26†    William Lyon Homes, Inc. Employment Agreement, dated September 1, 2012, by William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 Registration Statement filed December 6, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).
  10.27    Registration Rights Agreement, dated November 8, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes Inc., a California corporation, William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation, certain of William Lyon Homes’s subsidiaries, and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, as representative of the Initial Purchasers (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 Registration Statement filed December 6, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).
  10.28    Class A Common Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock Subscription Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation and WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 Registration Statement filed December 6, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).
  10.29    Amendment of and Joinder to Class A Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and between WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 Registration Statement filed December 6, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).
  10.30    Amendment of and Joinder to Class A Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and between ColFin WLH Land Acquisitions, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 Registration Statement filed December 6, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).
  10.31    Amendment of and Joinder to Convertible Preferred Stock and Class C Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and between WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 Registration Statement filed December 6, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).
  10.32    Construction Loan Agreement dated as of September 20, 2012 by and between Lyon Branches, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and California Bank & Trust, a California banking corporation (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Quarterly Report for the quarter-ended September 30, 2012).
  10.33    Construction Loan Agreement dated as of September 26, 2012 by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation and California Bank & Trust, a California banking corporation (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Quarterly Report for the quarter-ended September 30, 2012).
  10.34†    William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (performance-based) (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Form S-1 Registration Statement filed April 9, 2013 (File No. 333-187819)).
  10.35†    Revised Form of Employment Agreement, dated April 1, 2013 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Form S-1 Registration Statement filed April 9, 2013 (File No. 333-187819)).
  10.36†    Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated March 6, 2013, by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., and Matthew R. Zaist (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Form S-1 Registration Statement filed April 9, 2013 (File No. 333-187819)).


Table of Contents

Exhibit

Number

 

Description

  10.37   Amendment No. 1 to Warrant to Purchase Shares of Class B Common Stock (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 28, 2013).
  10.38   Form of indemnification agreement (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 28, 2013).
  10.39†   Amendment No. 1 to the William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23(a) to the Company’s Form S-1 Registration Statement filed May 6, 2013 (File No. 333-187819)).
  10.40   Credit Agreement among William Lyon Homes, Inc., as Borrower, William Lyon Homes, as Parent, The Lenders from time to time party thereto, and Credit Suisse AG, as Administrative Agent, dated as of August 7, 2013 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2013).
  10.41†   Amendment No. 2 to the William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 of the Company’s Form S-8 Registration Statement filed August 12, 2013 (File No. 333-190571))
  10.42+†   William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (performance-based).
  10.43+†   William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement.
  10.44+†   William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Stock Option Agreement.
  10.45+†   William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Amendment No. 1 to Stock Option Agreement (Five-Year Options).
  12.1+   Statement Regarding the Computation of Ratio of Earnings (Loss) to Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends for the Period from January 1, 2013 through September 30, 2013 the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the period from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 and the Period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and for the Years Ended December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009 and 2008.
  21.1+   List of Subsidiaries of William Lyon Homes, a Delaware Corporation.
  23.1+   Consent of Windes & McClaughry Accountancy Corporation, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
  23.2+   Consent of KPMG LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
  23.3+   Consent of Latham & Watkins LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
  23.4+   Consent of Bryan Cave LLP (included in Exhibit 5.2).
  23.5+   Consent of Greenberg Traurig LLP (included in Exhibit 5.3).
  24.1+   Powers of Attorney (included on signature pages hereto).
  25.1+   Statement of Eligibility and Qualification of U.S. Bank National Association on Form T-1.
  99.1+   Form of Letter of Transmittal with Respect to the Exchange Offer.
  99.2+   Form of Notice of Guaranteed Delivery with Respect to the Exchange Offer.
  99.3+   Form of Letter to DTC Participants Regarding the Exchange Offer.
  99.4+   Form of Letter to Beneficial Holders Regarding the Exchange Offer.
101.INS**   XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH**   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL**   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF**   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document


Table of Contents

Exhibit

Number

 

Description

101.LAB**   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE**   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

 

+ Filed herewith
Management contract or compensatory agreement
** Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the XBRL information will not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and will not be deemed filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, or otherwise subject to liability under those Sections.

Exhibit 5.1

 

   650 Town Center Drive, 20th Floor
   Costa Mesa, California 92626-1925
   Tel: +1.714.540.1235 Fax: +1.714.755.8290
   www.lw.com
LOGO    FIRM / AFFILIATE OFFICES
   Abu Dhabi    Milan
   Barcelona    Moscow
   Beijing    Munich
   Boston    New Jersey
   Brussels    New York
   Chicago    Orange County
December 27, 2013    Doha    Paris
   Dubai    Riyadh
   Düsseldorf    Rome
   Frankfurt    San Diego
   Hamburg    San Francisco
William Lyon Homes, Inc.    Hong Kong    Shanghai
4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor    Houston    Silicon Valley
Newport Beach, California 92660    London    Singapore
   Los Angeles    Tokyo
   Madrid    Washington, D.C.

Re: Registration Statement on Form S-4 Relating to Exchange Offer for up to $100,000,000 in Aggregate Principal Amount of William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s 8.500% Senior Notes Due 2020

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as special counsel to William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (the “ Company ”), in connection with the issuance of up to $100,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of its 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “ Exchange Notes ”) and the guarantees of the Exchange Notes (the “ Guarantees ”) by each of the entities listed on Exhibit A-1 hereto (the “ Specified Guarantors ”) and the entities listed on Exhibit A-2 hereto (the “ Additional Guarantors ” and together with the Specified Guarantors, the “ Guarantors ”), under an indenture, dated as of November 8, 2012, including the Guarantees (the “ Indenture ”), among the Company, the Guarantors and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, and pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-4 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Act ”), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”) on December 27, 2013 (the “ Registration Statement ”). The Exchange Notes and the Guarantees will be issued in exchange for certain of the Company’s outstanding 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “ Old Notes ”), and the related guarantees, on the terms set forth in the prospectus contained in the Registration Statement (the “ Prospectus ”). This opinion is being furnished in connection with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Act, and no opinion is expressed herein as to any matter pertaining to the contents of the Registration Statement or Prospectus, other than as expressly stated herein with respect to the issue of the Exchange Notes and the Guarantees.

As such counsel, we have examined such matters of fact and questions of law as we have considered appropriate for purposes of this letter. With your consent, we have relied upon certificates and other assurances of officers of the Company, the Guarantors and others as to factual matters without having independently verified such factual matters. We are opining herein as to the internal laws


December 27, 2013

Page 2

 

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of the State of New York, the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, the California Corporations Code and the Beverly-Killea Limited Liability Company Act, as applicable, and we express no opinion with respect to the applicability thereto, or the effect thereon, of the laws of any other jurisdiction or as to any matters of municipal law or the laws of any local agencies within any state. Various matters concerning the laws of the States of Arizona and Nevada are addressed in the letters of Bryan Cave LLC and Greenberg Traurig LLP, respectively, which have been separately provided to you. We express no opinion with respect to those matters herein, and, to the extent elements of those opinions are necessary to the conclusions expressed herein, we have, with your consent, assumed such matters.

Subject to the foregoing and the other matters set forth herein, it is our opinion that, as of the date hereof, when the Exchange Notes have been duly executed, issued and authenticated in accordance with the terms of the Indenture and delivered in exchange for the Old Notes in the circumstances contemplated by the Registration Statement and Prospectus, the Exchange Notes and Guarantees will have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company and all corporate or limited liability company action, as applicable, of the Specified Guarantors, and the Exchange Notes and the Guarantees will be legally valid and binding obligations of the Company and the Guarantors, respectively, enforceable against the Company and the Guarantors, respectively, in accordance with their respective terms.

Our opinion is subject to: (i) the effect of bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, preference, fraudulent transfer, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors; (ii) the effect of general principles of equity, whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law (including the possible unavailability of specific performance or injunctive relief), concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing and the discretion of the court before which a proceeding is brought; (iii) the invalidity under certain circumstances under law or court decisions of provisions providing for the indemnification of or contribution to a party with respect to a liability, where such indemnification or contribution is contrary to public policy; and (iv) we express no opinion as to (a) any provision for liquidated damages, default interest, late charges, monetary penalties, make-whole premiums or other economic remedies to the extent such provisions are deemed to constitute a penalty, (b) consents to, or restrictions upon, governing law, jurisdiction, venue, arbitration, remedies or judicial relief, and (c) the severability, if invalid, of provisions to the foregoing effect. We express no opinion or confirmation as to federal or state securities laws, tax laws, antitrust or trade regulation laws, insolvency or fraudulent transfer laws, antifraud laws, compliance with fiduciary duty requirements, pension or employee benefit laws, usury laws, environmental laws, margin regulations, rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. or stock exchange rules (without limiting other laws excluded by customary practice).

With your consent, we have assumed that (a) the Indenture, the Exchange Notes and the Guarantees have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the parties thereto other than the Company and each of the Specified Guarantors and (b) the Exchange Notes and Guarantees constitute legally valid and binding obligations of the parties thereto other than the Company and each of the Guarantors, enforceable against each of them in accordance with their respective terms.


December 27, 2013

Page 3

 

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This opinion is for your benefit in connection with the Registration Statement and may be relied upon by you and by persons entitled to rely upon it pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Act. We consent to your filing this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm contained in the Prospectus under the heading “Legal Matters.” In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

 

Very truly yours,
/s/ Latham & Watkins LLP


December 27, 2013

Page 4

 

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Exhibit A-1

Specified Guarantors

1. William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation

2. California Equity Funding, Inc., a California corporation

3. PH-LP Ventures, a California corporation

4. Duxford Financial, Inc., a California corporation

5. Sycamore CC, Inc., a California corporation

6. Presley CMR, Inc., a California corporation

7. PH-Rielly Ventures, a California corporation

8. HSP Inc., a California corporation

9. PH Ventures-San Jose, a California corporation

10. Presley Homes, a California corporation

11. WLH Enterprises, a California general partnership

12. Lyon East Garrison Company I, LLC, a California limited liability company

13. Lyon Waterfront LLC, a Delaware limited liability company


December 27, 2013

Page 5

 

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Exhibit A-2

Additional Guarantors

 

1. William Lyon Southwest, Inc., an Arizona corporation

 

2. Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company

 

3. Mountain Falls, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company

 

4. Mountain Falls Golf Course, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company

Exhibit 5.2

December 27, 2013

William Lyon Homes, Inc.

4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor

Newport Beach, California 92660

 

Re: Registration Statement on Form S-4 Relating to Exchange Offer for up to $100,000,000 in Aggregate Principal Amount of William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s 8.500% Senior Notes Due 2020

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as local counsel in the State of Arizona to William Lyon Southwest, Inc., an Arizona corporation (“ William Lyon Southwest ”), and Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC, an Arizona limited-liability company (“ Church Farm North ” and together with William Lyon Southwest, the “ Arizona Guarantors ”), in connection with the issuance of up to $100,000,000 in an aggregate principal amount of 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “ Exchange Notes ”) issued by William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (“ William Lyon ”), and the guarantees of the Exchange Notes (the “ Guarantees ”) by the Arizona Guarantors, and other guarantors, pursuant to an indenture, dated as of November 8, 2012, including the Guarantees (as supplemented or amended, the “ Indenture ”), among the Company, the Arizona Guarantors, the other guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “ Trustee ”), and a registration statement on Form S-4 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Act ”), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”) on December 27, 2013 (the “ Registration Statement ”) regarding the exchange offer described therein (the “ Exchange Offer ”). Under the Exchange Offer, the Exchange Notes and the Guarantees will be issued in exchange for certain of the Company’s 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 that were issued on October 24, 2013 (the “ Outstanding Notes ”), and the related guarantees, on the terms set forth in the prospectus contained in the Registration Statement (the “ Prospectus ”). This opinion is being furnished in connection with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Act, and no opinion is expressed herein as to any matter pertaining to the contents of the Registration Statement or Prospectus, other than as expressly stated herein with respect to the issue of the Exchange Notes and the Guarantees.


William Lyon Homes, Inc.

December 27, 2013

Page 2

 

 

As such counsel, we have examined such matters of fact and questions of law as we have considered appropriate for purposes of this letter. With your consent, we have relied upon certificates and other assurances of officers of the Company, the Arizona Guarantors and others as to factual matters without having independently verified such factual matters. We are opining herein as to the internal laws of the State of Arizona, and we express no opinion with respect to the applicability thereto, or the effect thereon, of the laws of any other jurisdiction, or as to any matters of municipal law or the laws of any local agencies within the State of Arizona.

Subject to the foregoing and the other matters set forth herein, we are of the opinion that, as of the date hereof, when the Exchange Notes have been duly executed, issued and authenticated in accordance with the terms of the Indenture and delivered in exchange for the Outstanding Notes under the circumstances contemplated by the Registration Statement and Prospectus, the Exchange Notes and the Guarantees will have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate and limited-liability company action of the Arizona Guarantors, respectively.

Our opinion is subject to the following: (i) the effect of bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, preference, fraudulent transfer, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors; (ii) the effect of general principles of equity, whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law (including the possible unavailability of specific performance or injunctive relief), concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, and the discretion of the court before which a proceeding is brought; and (iii) the invalidity in certain circumstances under law or court decisions of provisions providing for the indemnification of or contribution to a party with respect to a liability, where such indemnification or contribution is contrary to public policy. We express no opinion or view as to federal or state securities laws, tax laws, antitrust or trade regulation laws, insolvency or fraudulent transfer laws, antifraud laws, compliance with fiduciary duty requirements, pension or employee benefit laws, usury laws, environmental laws, margin regulations, rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. or stock exchange rules (without limiting other laws excluded by customary practice).

With your consent, we have assumed that (a) the Indenture, the Exchange Notes and the Guarantees (collectively, the “ Documents ”) have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the parties thereto (other than the Arizona Guarantors), and (b) the Documents constitute legally valid and binding obligations of the parties thereto, enforceable against each of them in accordance with their terms.

This opinion letter is for your benefit in connection with the Registration Statement and may be relied upon by you and by persons entitled to rely upon it pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Act. We consent to the filing of this opinion letter as Exhibit 5.2 to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm in the Prospectus under the heading “Legal Matters.” In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

Very truly yours,

/s/ BRYAN CAVE LLP

Exhibit 5.3

 

LOGO

December 27, 2013

William Lyon Homes, Inc.

4695 MacArthur Court, 8 th Floor

Newport Beach, CA 92660

 

Re:      Registration Statement on Form S-4

  $100,000,000 Aggregate Principal Amount of

  8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 and Related Guarantees

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

We have acted as special Nevada counsel to Mountain Falls, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company (“ Mountain Falls ”) and Mountain Falls Golf Course, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company (“ MFGC, ” and together with Mountain Falls, the “ Nevada Guarantors ”) as guarantors in connection with the registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Act ”) of (i) $100,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “ Notes ”) of William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (the “ Issuer ”), to be issued in exchange for the Issuer’s outstanding 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “ Existing Notes ”) pursuant to the Indenture dated November 8, 2012 among the Issuer, the Nevada Guarantors, the other guarantors named therein (collectively, the “ Guarantors ”), and U.S. Bank National Bank Association, as Trustee (as supplemented or amended, the “ Indenture ”), and (ii) the Guarantees (the “ Guarantees ”) of each of the Guarantors, including the Nevada Guarantors, endorsed upon the Notes.

 

In connection with this opinion, we have examined the articles of organization and operating agreement of each of the Nevada Guarantors, such other records of the limited-liability company proceedings of the Nevada Guarantors and certificates of the Nevada Guarantors as we have deemed relevant, as well as the registration statement, including the prospectus, the Indenture and the form of Note and related Guarantee.

 

In our capacity as special Nevada counsel to the Nevada Guarantors in connection with such registration, we are familiar with the proceedings taken and proposed to be taken by the Nevada Guarantors in connection with the authorization and issuance of the Notes and the Guarantees.

 

In our examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified, photostatic or facsimile copies and the authenticity of the originals of such copies.

 

GREENBERG TRAURIG, LLP n ATTORNEYS AT LAW n WWW.GTLAW.COM

3773 HOWARD HUGHES PARKWAY, SUITE 400 NORTH n LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89169 n TEL 702.792.3773 n FAX 702.792.9002

   

ALBANY

 

AMSTERDAM

 

ATLANTA

 

AUSTIN

 

BOSTON

 

CHICAGO

 

DALLAS

 

DELAWARE

 

DENVER

 

FORT LAUDERDALE

 

HOUSTON

 

LAS VEGAS

 

LONDON*

 

LOS ANGELES

 

MEXICO CITY†

 

MIAMI

 

MILAN**

 

NEW JERSEY

 

NEW YORK

 

ORANGE COUNTY

 

ORLANDO

 

PALM BEACH COUNTY

 

PHILADELPHIA

 

PHOENIX

 

ROME**

 

SACRAMENTO

 

SAN FRANCISCO

 

SHANGHAI

 

SILICON VALLEY

 

TALLAHASSEE

 

TAMPA

 

TEL AVIV^

 

TYSONS CORNER

 

WARSAW~

 

WASHINGTON, D.C.

 

WHITE PLAINS

 

*OPERATES AS GREENBERG TRAURIG MAHER LLP

†OPERATES AS GREENBERG TRAURIG, S.C.

^A BRANCH OF GREENBERG TRAURIG, P.A., FLORIDA, USA

~OPERATES AS GREENBERG TRAURIG GRZESIAK sp.k.

**STRATEGIC ALLIANCE


William Lyon Homes, Inc.

December 27, 2013

Page 2

 

Re:   Registration Statement on Form S-4

 

 

In rendering our opinions, we have relied without investigation on the certificates of each of the Nevada Guarantors, and have not independently verified any of the factual matters set forth in any document upon which we have relied. We have not been requested to conduct, nor have we undertaken, any independent investigation to verify the content or veracity thereof, or to determine the accuracy of any statement, and no inference as to our knowledge of any matters should be drawn from the fact of our representation of the Nevada Guarantors. We have not been asked, nor have we endeavored, to revise or comment upon the contents of the registration statement relating to the Notes and Guarantees.

While certain members of our firm are admitted to practice in other jurisdictions, for purposes of this letter, we have examined only the laws of the State of Nevada. No opinion is expressed herein with respect to (i) the qualification of the Notes or Guarantees under the securities or blue sky laws of any federal, state or any foreign jurisdiction, (ii) the compliance with any federal or state law, rule or regulation relating to securities, or to the sale or issuance thereof, (iii) tax, insolvency, antitrust, pension, employee benefit, environmental, intellectual property, banking, insurance, labor, and health and safety laws or (iv) any county, municipality or other political subdivision or local governmental agency or authority laws.

Based upon the foregoing and in reliance thereon, and subject to the qualifications herein stated, we are of the opinion, when (i) the registration statement on Form S-4 relating to the Notes and the Guarantees has become effective under the Act and (ii) the Notes and Guarantees have been duly executed and issued and, in the case of the Notes, authenticated and delivered in accordance with the Indenture and issued and exchanged for Existing Notes as contemplated by an effective registration statement on Form S-4 relating to the Notes and Guarantees, that:

1. Each of the Nevada Guarantors is validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Nevada and has the limited liability company power to enter into and perform its obligations under each of the Indenture and the Guarantees.

2. Each of the Nevada Guarantors has taken all necessary limited-liability company action to authorize the execution and delivery of and performance of its obligations under the Indenture and the Guarantees.

3. We note that the Indenture and the Guarantees provide that they are to be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of the State of New York. Nevada courts, in applying Nevada law, will give effect to such provision as long as the parties upon and choosing the laws of the State of New York as the governing law of the Indenture and the Guarantees, (i) acted in good faith and not for the purpose of evading the law of the real situs of the Indenture and the Guarantees and (ii) the laws of the State of New York have a substantial relationship to the Indenture and the Guarantees.

4. The execution and delivery by the Nevada Guarantors of the Guarantees, and the performance by the Nevada Guarantors of their respective obligations under the Indenture and the Guarantees, do not require the Nevada Guarantors to obtain any approval by or make any filing with any governmental authority under any statute, rule or regulation of the State of Nevada, other than approvals and filings previously obtained or made and in full force and effect.

5. If executed and delivered on the date hereof, the execution and delivery of the Guarantees by the Nevada Guarantors would not violate (i) any applicable statute, rule or

 

GREENBERG TRAURIG, LLP


William Lyon Homes, Inc.

December 27, 2013

Page 3

 

Re:   Registration Statement on Form S-4

 

 

regulation of the State of Nevada or (ii) the respective articles of organization and operating agreement.

Please note that we are opining only as to the matters expressly set forth herein, and no opinion should be inferred as to any other matter. This opinion is for your benefit in connection with the Registration Statement and may be relied upon by you and by persons entitled to rely upon it pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Act. We consent to your filing this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Act, and to the reference to our firm contained in the Prospectus under the heading “Legal Matters.” In giving such consent, we do not hereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

 

Very truly yours,
/s/ GREENBERG TRAURIG, LLP

Exhibit 10.42

Performance-Based Vesting

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

2012 EQUITY INCENTIVE AWARD PLAN

RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD GRANT NOTICE

William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation, (the “ Company ”), pursuant to its 2012 Equity Incentive Award Plan, as amended from time to time (the “ Plan ”), hereby grants to the individual listed below (the “ Participant ”), in consideration of the mutual agreements set forth herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the number of shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock set forth below (the “ Shares ”). This Restricted Stock award is subject to all of the terms and conditions as set forth herein and in the Restricted Stock Award Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “ Agreement ”) (including without limitation the Restrictions on the Shares set forth in the Agreement) and the Plan, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms defined in the Plan shall have the same defined meanings in this Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice (the “ Grant Notice ”) and the Agreement.

 

Participant:    [                                         ]
Grant Date:    [                                         ]
Total Number of Shares of Restricted Stock:    [                        ] Shares
Vesting Commencement Date:    [                                         ]
Vesting Schedule:    Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, this Grant Notice and the Restricted Stock Award Agreement, and subject to Participant’s continued service through each applicable vesting date, the Restrictions shall lapse and the Earned Shares (as defined in Exhibit B ) shall vest as set forth below, assuming the Performance Conditions set forth on Exhibit B to this Grant Notice are satisfied:
  

•         % of the Shares shall vest on             , 20    ;

  

•         % of the Shares shall vest on             , 20    ; and

  

•         % of the Shares shall vest on             , 20    .

   provided , however , that the Earned Shares shall be subject to accelerated vesting as set forth in Section 2.2(c) of the Restricted Stock Agreement.

By his or her signature and the Company’s signature below, the Participant agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Plan, the Agreement and this Grant Notice. The Participant has reviewed the Agreement, the Plan and this Grant Notice in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Grant Notice and fully understands all provisions of this Grant Notice, the Agreement and the Plan. The Participant hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Administrator upon any questions arising under the Plan, this Grant Notice or the Agreement. In addition, by signing below, the Participant also agrees that the Company, in its sole discretion, may satisfy any withholding obligations in accordance with Section 2.2(d) of the Agreement by (i) withholding shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable to the Participant upon vesting of the shares of Restricted Stock, (ii) instructing a broker on the Participant’s behalf to sell shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable to the Participant upon vesting of the shares of Restricted Stock and submit the proceeds of such sale to the Company, or (iii) using any other method permitted by Section 2.2(d) of the Agreement or the Plan. If the participant is married or part of a registered domestic partnership, his or her spouse or domestic partner has signed the Consent of Spouse or Registered Domestic Partner attached to this Grant Notice as Exhibit C .

 

WILLIAM LYON HOMES:     PARTICIPANT:
By:  

 

    By:  

 

 

1


Performance-Based Vesting

 

Print Name:  

 

    Print Name:  

 

Title:  

 

     
Address:  

 

    Address:  

 

 

 

     

 

 

2


Performance-Based Vesting

 

EXHIBIT A

TO RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD GRANT NOTICE

RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD AGREEMENT

Pursuant to the Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice (the “ Grant Notice ”) to which this Restricted Stock Award Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) is attached, William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”) has granted to the Participant the number of shares of Restricted Stock (the “ Shares ”) under the Company’s 2012 Equity Incentive Award Plan, as amended from time to time (the “ Plan ”), as set forth in the Grant Notice.

ARTICLE I.

GENERAL

1.1 Incorporation of Terms of Plan . The Award (as defined below) is subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, which are incorporated herein by reference. In the event of any inconsistency between the Plan and this Agreement, the terms of the Plan shall control.

1.2 Defined Terms . Wherever the following terms are used in this Agreement they shall have the meanings specified below, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Capitalized terms not specifically defined herein shall have the meanings specified in the Plan and the Grant Notice.

(a) “ Cause ” shall have the meaning set forth in any employment, consulting or similar agreement with the Company or any of its Affiliates to which Participant is a party on the date of grant.

(b) “ Change in Control ” shall have the meaning set forth in any employment, consulting or similar agreement with the Company or any of its Affiliates to which Participant is a party on the date of grant, and in the absence of such agreement or definition, “ Change in Control ” shall have the meaning set forth in the Plan.

(c) “ Good Reason ” shall have the meaning set forth in any employment, consulting or similar agreement with the Company or any of its Affiliates to which Participant is a party on the date of grant. If Participant is not a party to such an agreement, “ Good Reason ” shall mean, in each case, without Participant’s prior written consent: (i) the Company’s breach of any material provision of this Agreement or any other material agreement that Participant and the Company are parties to; (ii) the material diminution in the authority or duties of Participant; (iii) the material diminution in the annual base compensation of Participant (except for across-the-board reductions or similar reductions affecting Company senior employees); or (iv) a material change in the geographic location at which Participant must perform services for the Company or its Affiliate (which results in a relocation of at least fifty (50) miles); provided , that “ Good Reason ” shall only exist if Participant provides written notice to the Company of the existence of the condition described herein within sixty (60) days following the initial existence of such condition, upon the notice of which the Company has sixty (60) days during which it may remedy the condition without penalty to the Company.

(d) “ Termination of Consultancy ” shall mean the time when the engagement of Participant as a Consultant to the Company or an Affiliate is terminated for any reason, with or without cause, including, but not by way of limitation, by resignation, discharge, death, Disability or retirement, but excluding: (a) terminations where there is a simultaneous employment or continuing employment of Participant by the Company or any Affiliate, and (b) terminations where there is a simultaneous re-establishment

 

A-1


Performance-Based Vesting

 

of a consulting relationship or continuing consulting relationship between Participant and the Company or any Affiliate. The Administrator, in its absolute discretion, shall determine the effect of all matters and questions relating to Termination of Consultancy, including, but not by way of limitation, the question of whether a particular leave of absence constitutes a Termination of Consultancy. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, the Company or any Affiliate has an absolute and unrestricted right to terminate a Consultant’s service at any time for any reason whatsoever, with or without cause, except to the extent expressly provided otherwise in writing.

(e) “ Termination of Directorship ” shall mean the time when Participant, if he or she is or becomes a Non-Employee Director, ceases to be a Non-Employee Director for any reason, including, but not by way of limitation, a termination by resignation, failure to be elected, death or retirement. The Board, in its sole and absolute discretion, shall determine the effect of all matters and questions relating to Termination of Directorship with respect to Non-Employee Director.

(f) “ Termination of Employment ” shall mean the time when the employee-employer relationship between Participant and the Company or any Affiliate is terminated for any reason, with or without cause, including, but not by way of limitation, a termination by resignation, discharge, death, Disability or retirement, but excluding: (a) terminations where there is a simultaneous reemployment or continuing employment of Participant by the Company or any Affiliate, and (b) terminations where there is a simultaneous establishment of a consulting relationship or continuing consulting relationship between Participant and the Company or any Affiliate. The Administrator, in its absolute discretion, shall determine the effect of all matters and questions relating to Termination of Employment, including, but not by way of limitation, the question of whether a particular leave of absence constitutes a Termination of Employment.

(g) “ Termination of Services ” shall mean Participant’s Termination of Consultancy, Termination of Directorship or Termination of Employment, as applicable.

ARTICLE II.

AWARD OF RESTRICTED STOCK

2.1 Award of Restricted Stock .

(a) Award . Pursuant to the Grant Notice and upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan and this Agreement, effective as of the Grant Date set forth in the Grant Notice, the Company has granted to the Participant an award of Restricted Stock (the “ Award ”) under the Plan in consideration of the Participant’s past and/or continued employment with or service to the Company or any Affiliate, and for other good and valuable consideration. The number of Shares subject to the Award is set forth in the Grant Notice. The Participant is an Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company or one of its Affiliates.

(b) Book Entry Form; Certificates . At the sole discretion of the Administrator, the Shares will be issued in either (i) uncertificated form, with the Shares recorded in the name of the Participant in the books and records of the Company’s transfer agent with appropriate notations regarding the restrictions on transfer imposed pursuant to this Agreement, and upon vesting and the satisfaction of all conditions set forth in Sections 2.2(b) and (d) hereof, the Company shall remove such notations on any such vested Shares in accordance with Section 2.2(e) below; or (ii) certificated form pursuant to the terms of Sections 2.1(c), (d) and (e) below.

 

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Performance-Based Vesting

 

(c) Legend . Certificates representing Shares issued pursuant to this Agreement shall, until all Restrictions (as defined below) imposed pursuant to this Agreement lapse or have been removed and the Shares have thereby become vested or the Shares represented thereby have been forfeited hereunder, bear the following legend (or such other legend as shall be determined by the Administrator):

“THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN VESTING REQUIREMENTS AND MAY BE SUBJECT TO FORFEITURE UNDER THE TERMS OF A RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD AGREEMENT, BY AND BETWEEN WILLIAM LYON HOMES AND THE REGISTERED OWNER OF SUCH SHARES, AND SUCH SHARES MAY NOT BE, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, OFFERED, TRANSFERRED, SOLD, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, EXCEPT PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF SUCH AGREEMENT.”

(d) Escrow . The Secretary of the Company or such other escrow holder as the Administrator may appoint may retain physical custody of any certificates representing the Shares until all of the Restrictions on transfer imposed pursuant to this Agreement lapse or shall have been removed; in such event, the Participant shall not retain physical custody of any certificates representing unvested Shares issued to him or her. The Participant, by acceptance of the Award, shall be deemed to appoint, and does so appoint, the Company and each of its authorized representatives as the Participant’s attorney(s)-in-fact to effect any transfer of unvested forfeited Shares (or Shares otherwise reacquired by the Company hereunder) to the Company as may be required pursuant to the Plan or this Agreement and to execute such documents as the Company or such representatives deem necessary or advisable in connection with any such transfer.

(e) Removal of Notations; Delivery of Certificates Upon Vesting . As soon as administratively practicable after the vesting of any Shares subject to the Award pursuant to Section 2.2(b) hereof, the Company shall, as applicable, either remove the notations on any Shares subject to the Award issued in book entry form which have vested or deliver to the Participant a certificate or certificates evidencing the number of Shares subject to the Award which have vested (or, in either case, such lesser number of Shares as may be permitted pursuant to Section 10.1 of the Plan). The Participant (or the beneficiary or personal representative of the Participant in the event of the Participant’s death or incapacity, as the case may be) shall deliver to the Company any representations or other documents or assurances required by the Company. The Shares so delivered shall no longer be subject to the Restrictions hereunder.

2.2 Restrictions .

(a) Forfeiture . Subject to Section 2.2(c), any Award that is not vested as of the date of Participant’s Termination of Services shall thereupon be forfeited immediately and without any further action by the Company. For purposes of this Agreement, “Restrictions” shall mean the restrictions on sale or other transfer set forth in Sections 3.2 and the risk of forfeiture set forth in Sections 2.2(a) and 2.2(b) and the vesting schedule set forth on the Grant Notice.

(b) Vesting and Lapse of Restrictions . Subject to Sections 2.2(a) and 2.2(c), the Earned Shares (as defined in Exhibit B ) pursuant to the Award shall vest and the Restrictions shall lapse in accordance with the vesting schedule set forth on the Grant Notice and upon satisfaction of the Performance Conditions set forth on Exhibit B .

 

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Performance-Based Vesting

 

(c) Acceleration of Vesting . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, in the event of [(i) a Change in Control or (ii)] Participant’s Termination of Services by the Company without Cause or by Participant for Good Reason [on or within twelve (12) months following a Change in Control, in connection with which the successor corporation does not assume the Award or substitute an equivalent right for the Award], [in either case,] the “Earned Shares” shall become fully vested and the Restrictions thereupon shall lapse. For purposes of this Section 2.2(c), “Earned Shares” shall be the number of Shares equal to (x) the “Target Shares” (as defined in Exhibit B ) before the “Determination Date” (as defined in Exhibit B ), or (y) the “Earned Shares” (as determined in accordance with Exhibit B ) on or after the Determination Date.

(d) Tax Withholding . The Company or its Affiliates shall be entitled to require a cash payment (or to elect, or permit the Participant to elect, such other form of payment determined in accordance with Section 10.1 of the Plan) by or on behalf of the Participant and/or to deduct from other compensation payable to the Participant any sums required by federal, state or local tax law to be withheld with respect to the grant or vesting of the Award or the lapse of the Restrictions hereunder. In satisfaction of the foregoing requirement with respect to the grant or vesting of the Award or the lapse of the Restrictions hereunder, unless otherwise determined by the Company, the Company or its Affiliates shall withhold Shares otherwise issuable under the Award having a fair market value equal to the sums required to be withheld by federal, state and/or local tax law. The number of Shares which shall be so withheld in order to satisfy such federal, state and/or local withholding tax liabilities shall be limited to the number of shares which have a fair market value on the date of withholding equal to the aggregate amount of such liabilities based on the minimum statutory withholding rates for federal, state and/or local tax purposes that are applicable to such supplemental taxable income. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement (including without limitation Section 2.1(b) hereof), the Company shall not be obligated to deliver any new certificate representing Shares to the Participant or the Participant’s legal representative or enter any such Shares in book entry form unless and until the Participant or the Participant’s legal representative, as applicable, shall have paid or otherwise satisfied in full the amount of all federal, state and local taxes applicable to the taxable income of the Participant resulting from the grant or vesting of the Award or the issuance of Shares hereunder.

(e) Conditions to Delivery of Shares . Subject to Section 2.1 above, the Shares deliverable under this Award may be either previously authorized but unissued Shares, treasury Shares or Shares purchased on the open market. Such Shares shall be fully paid and nonassessable. The Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any Shares under this Award prior to fulfillment of the conditions set forth in Section 13.1 of the Plan.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the issuance of such Shares shall not be delayed if and to the extent that such delay would result in a violation of Section 409A of the Code. In the event that the Company delays the issuance of such Shares because it reasonably determines that the issuance of such Shares will violate Applicable Law, such issuance shall be made at the earliest date at which the Company reasonably determines that issuing such Shares will not cause such violation, as required by Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-2(b)(7)(ii).

(f) To ensure compliance with the Restrictions, the provisions of the charter documents of the Company, and/or Applicable Law and for other proper purposes, the Company may issue appropriate “stop transfer” and other instructions to its transfer agent with respect to the Restricted Stock. The Company shall notify the transfer agent as and when the Restrictions lapse.

2.3 Consideration to the Company . In consideration of the grant of the Award pursuant hereto, the Participant agrees to render faithful and efficient services to the Company or any Affiliate.

 

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Performance-Based Vesting

 

ARTICLE III.

OTHER PROVISIONS

3.1 Section 83(b) Election . If the Participant makes an election under Section 83(b) of the Code to be taxed with respect to the Restricted Stock as of the date of transfer of the Restricted Stock rather than as of the date or dates upon which the Participant would otherwise be taxable under Section 83(a) of the Code, the Participant hereby agrees to deliver a copy of such election to the Company promptly after filing such election with the Internal Revenue Service.

3.2 Restricted Stock Not Transferable . Until the Restrictions hereunder lapse or expire pursuant to this Agreement and the Shares vest, the Restricted Stock (including any Shares received by holders thereof with respect to Restricted Stock as a result of stock dividends, stock splits or any other form of recapitalization) shall be subject to the restrictions on transferability set forth in Section 12.3 of the Plan; provided, however , that this Section 3.2 notwithstanding, the Shares may be transferred to a transferee specifically approved by the Administrator, after taking into account Applicable Law.

3.3 Rights as Stockholder . Except as otherwise provided herein, upon the Grant Date, the Participant shall have all the rights of a stockholder of the Company with respect to the Shares, subject to the Restrictions, including, without limitation, voting rights and rights to receive any cash or stock dividends, in respect of the Shares subject to the Award and deliverable hereunder.

3.4 Not a Contract of Service Relationship . Nothing in this Agreement or in the Plan shall confer upon the Participant any right to continue to serve as an Employee or other service provider of the Company or any of its Affiliates or shall interfere with or restrict in any way the rights of the Company and its Affiliates, which rights are hereby expressly reserved, to discharge or terminate the services of the Participant at any time for any reason whatsoever, with or without cause, except to the extent expressly provided otherwise in a written agreement between the Company or an Affiliate and the Participant.

3.5 Governing Law . The laws of the State of Delaware shall govern the interpretation, validity, administration, enforcement and performance of the terms of this Agreement regardless of the law that might be applied under principles of conflicts of laws.

3.6 Conformity to Securities Laws . The Participant acknowledges that the Plan and this Agreement are intended to conform to the extent necessary with all provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, and any and all Applicable Law. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Plan shall be administered, and the Award is granted, only in such a manner as to conform to such Applicable Law. To the extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Plan and this Agreement shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to conform to such Applicable Law.

3.7 Amendment, Suspension and Termination . To the extent permitted by the Plan, this Agreement may be wholly or partially amended or otherwise modified, suspended or terminated at any time or from time to time by the Administrator or the Board; provided, however , that, except as may otherwise be provided by the Plan, no amendment, modification, suspension or termination of this Agreement shall adversely affect the Award in any material way without the prior written consent of the Participant.

3.8 Notices . Any notice to be given under the terms of this Agreement shall be addressed to the Company in care of the Secretary of the Company at the Company’s principal office, and any notice to be given to the Participant shall be addressed to the Participant at the Participant’s last address reflected on the Company’s records. Any notice shall be deemed duly given when sent via email or when sent by

 

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Performance-Based Vesting

 

reputable overnight courier or by certified mail (return receipt requested) through the United States Postal Service.

3.9 Successors and Assigns . The Company or any Affiliate may assign any of its rights under this Agreement to single or multiple assignees, and this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the successors and assigns of the Company and its Affiliates. Subject to the restrictions on transfer set forth in Section 3.2 hereof, this Agreement shall be binding upon the Participant and his or her heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.

3.10 Limitations Applicable to Section 16 Persons . Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan or this Agreement, if the Participant is subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, then the Plan, the Award and this Agreement shall be subject to any additional limitations set forth in any applicable exemptive rule under Section 16 of the Exchange Act (including any amendment to Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act) that are requirements for the application of such exemptive rule. To the extent permitted by applicable law, this Agreement shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to conform to such applicable exemptive rule.

3.11 Entire Agreement . The Plan, the Grant Notice and this Agreement (including all Exhibits thereto, if any) constitute the entire agreement of the parties and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and its Affiliates and the Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof.

3.12 Limitation on the Participant’s Rights . Participation in the Plan confers no rights or interests other than as herein provided. This Agreement creates only a contractual obligation on the part of the Company as to amounts payable and shall not be construed as creating a trust. The Plan, in and of itself, has no assets. The Participant shall have only the rights of a general unsecured creditor of the Company and its Affiliates with respect to amounts credited and benefits payable, if any, with respect to the Shares issuable hereunder.

 

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Performance-Based Vesting

 

EXHIBIT B

TO RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD GRANT NOTICE

PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS

 

A. Performance Conditions.

1. The Participant shall be entitled to earn the number of Shares set forth below (the “ Earned Shares ”), based on achievement of the ROE performance goal for the Performance Period at the performance level indicated below, subject to the Administrator’s certification of the level of achievement of the ROE performance goal as soon as practicable following the end of the Performance Period (such date, the “ Determination Date ”).

 

Maximum Shares   Target Shares   Threshold Shares
[                ] Shares   [                ] Shares   [                ] Shares

2. Earned Shares shall be calculated by the Administrator as set forth below. The Earned Shares shall be rounded down to the nearest whole Share. The Administrator, in its sole discretion, shall determine whether and to what extent Shares may be awarded if achievement of the ROE performance goal is above the Maximum Performance Level or below the Threshold Performance Level.

 

ROE for Performance Period

  

Earned Shares

At Maximum Performance Level    Maximum Shares

Between Target Performance Level and

Maximum Performance Level

  

Determined by linear 2:1

increase/decrease between the Target

Shares and the Maximum Shares

At Target Performance Level    Target Shares

Between Threshold Performance Level and

Target Performance Level

  

Determined by linear 2:1

increase/decrease between the

Threshold Shares and the Target Shares

At Threshold Performance Level    Threshold Shares

3. Any Shares that are determined not to be Earned Shares shall be forfeited immediately. Any Shares remaining unearned and/or unvested and subject to the Restrictions on the first day following the third anniversary of the Grant Date shall be forfeited immediately.

 

B. Definitions.

Target Performance Level ” shall mean a ROE of [    ]% during the Performance Period.

Maximum Performance Level ” shall mean 125% of the Target Performance Level.

Threshold Performance Level ” shall mean 75% of the Target Performance Level.

ROE ” shall mean the Company’s Return on Equity, calculated as [        ].

Performance Period ” shall mean the Company’s fiscal year ending [                    ].

 

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Performance-Based Vesting

EXHIBIT C

TO RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD GRANT NOTICE

CONSENT OF SPOUSE OR REGISTERED DOMESTIC PARTNER

I,                     , spouse or domestic partner of                     , have read and approve the Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice (the “ Grant Notice ”) to which this Consent of Spouse or Registered Domestic Partner is attached and the Restricted Stock Award Agreement (the “ Agreement ”) attached to the Grant Notice. In consideration of issuing to my spouse or domestic partner the shares of the common stock of William Lyon Homes set forth in the Grant Notice, I hereby appoint my spouse or domestic partner as my attorney-in-fact in respect to the exercise of any rights under the Agreement and agree to be bound by the provisions of the Agreement insofar as I may have any rights in said Agreement or any shares of the common stock of William Lyon Homes issued pursuant thereto under the community property laws or similar laws relating to marital property in effect in the state of our residence as of the date of the signing of the foregoing Agreement.

 

Dated:  

 

   

 

      Signature of Spouse or Domestic Partner

 

C-1

Exhibit 10.43

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

2012 EQUITY INCENTIVE AWARD PLAN

RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD GRANT NOTICE

William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation, (the “ Company ”), pursuant to its 2012 Equity Incentive Award Plan, as amended from time to time (the “ Plan ”), hereby grants to the individual listed below (the “ Participant ”), in consideration of the mutual agreements set forth herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the number of shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock set forth below (the “ Shares ”). This Restricted Stock award is subject to all of the terms and conditions as set forth herein and in the Restricted Stock Award Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “ Agreement ”) (including without limitation the Restrictions on the Shares set forth in the Agreement) and the Plan, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms defined in the Plan shall have the same defined meanings in this Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice (the “ Grant Notice ”) and the Agreement.

 

Participant:    [                                         ]
Grant Date:    [                                         ]
Total Number of Shares of Restricted Stock:    [                ] Shares
Vesting Commencement Date:    [                                         ]
Vesting Schedule:    Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, this Grant Notice and the Restricted Stock Award Agreement, the Restrictions shall lapse as to:
  

•           % of the Shares shall vest on             , 20    ;

  

•           % of the Shares shall vest on             , 20    ;

  

•           % of the Shares shall vest on             , 20    ; and

  

•           % of the Shares shall vest on             , 20    .

  

 

provided , however , that the Shares shall be subject to accelerated vesting as set forth in Section 2.2(c) of the Restricted Stock Agreement.

By his or her signature and the Company’s signature below, the Participant agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Plan, the Agreement and this Grant Notice. The Participant has reviewed the Agreement, the Plan and this Grant Notice in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Grant Notice and fully understands all provisions of this Grant Notice, the Agreement and the Plan. The Participant hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Administrator upon any questions arising under the Plan, this Grant Notice or the Agreement. In addition, by signing below, the Participant also agrees that the Company, in its sole discretion, may satisfy any withholding obligations in accordance with Section 2.2(d) of the Agreement by (i) withholding shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable to the Participant upon vesting of the shares of Restricted Stock, (ii) instructing a broker on the Participant’s behalf to sell shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable to the Participant upon vesting of the shares of Restricted Stock and submit the proceeds of such sale to the Company, or (iii) using any other method permitted by Section 2.2(d) of the Agreement or the Plan. If the participant is married or part of a registered domestic partnership, his or her spouse or domestic partner has signed the Consent of Spouse or Registered Domestic Partner attached to this Grant Notice as Exhibit B .

 

WILLIAM LYON HOMES:     PARTICIPANT:
By:  

 

    By:  

 

Print Name:  

 

    Print Name:  

 

Title:  

 

     
Address:  

 

    Address:  

 

 

 

     

 

 

1


EXHIBIT A

TO RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD GRANT NOTICE

RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD AGREEMENT

Pursuant to the Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice (the “ Grant Notice ”) to which this Restricted Stock Award Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) is attached, William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”) has granted to the Participant the number of shares of Restricted Stock (the “ Shares ”) under the Company’s 2012 Equity Incentive Award Plan, as amended from time to time (the “ Plan ”), as set forth in the Grant Notice.

ARTICLE I.

GENERAL

1.1 Incorporation of Terms of Plan . The Award (as defined below) is subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, which are incorporated herein by reference. In the event of any inconsistency between the Plan and this Agreement, the terms of the Plan shall control.

1.2 Defined Terms . Wherever the following terms are used in this Agreement they shall have the meanings specified below, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Capitalized terms not specifically defined herein shall have the meanings specified in the Plan and the Grant Notice.

(a) “ Cause ” shall have the meaning set forth in any employment, consulting or similar agreement with the Company or any of its Affiliates to which Participant is a party on the date of grant.

(b) “ Change in Control ” shall have the meaning set forth in any employment, consulting or similar agreement with the Company or any of its Affiliates to which Participant is a party on the date of grant, and in the absence of such agreement or definition, “ Change in Control ” shall have the meaning set forth in the Plan.

(c) “ Good Reason ” shall have the meaning set forth in any employment, consulting or similar agreement with the Company or any of its Affiliates to which Participant is a party on the date of grant. If Participant is not a party to such an agreement, “ Good Reason ” shall mean, in each case, without Participant’s prior written consent: (i) the Company’s breach of any material provision of this Agreement or any other material agreement that Participant and the Company are parties to; (ii) the material diminution in the authority or duties of Participant; (iii) the material diminution in the annual base compensation of Participant (except for across-the-board reductions or similar reductions affecting Company senior employees); or (iv) a material change in the geographic location at which Participant must perform services for the Company or its Affiliate (which results in a relocation of at least fifty (50) miles); provided , that “ Good Reason ” shall only exist if Participant provides written notice to the Company of the existence of the condition described herein within sixty (60) days following the initial existence of such condition, upon the notice of which the Company has sixty (60) days during which it may remedy the condition without penalty to the Company.

(d) “ Termination of Consultancy ” shall mean the time when the engagement of Participant as a Consultant to the Company or an Affiliate is terminated for any reason, with or without cause, including, but not by way of limitation, by resignation, discharge, death, Disability or retirement, but excluding: (a) terminations where there is a simultaneous employment or continuing employment of Participant by the Company or any Affiliate, and (b) terminations where there is a simultaneous re-establishment

 

A-1


of a consulting relationship or continuing consulting relationship between Participant and the Company or any Affiliate. The Administrator, in its absolute discretion, shall determine the effect of all matters and questions relating to Termination of Consultancy, including, but not by way of limitation, the question of whether a particular leave of absence constitutes a Termination of Consultancy. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, the Company or any Affiliate has an absolute and unrestricted right to terminate a Consultant’s service at any time for any reason whatsoever, with or without cause, except to the extent expressly provided otherwise in writing.

(e) “ Termination of Directorship ” shall mean the time when Participant, if he or she is or becomes a Non-Employee Director, ceases to be a Non-Employee Director for any reason, including, but not by way of limitation, a termination by resignation, failure to be elected, death or retirement. The Board, in its sole and absolute discretion, shall determine the effect of all matters and questions relating to Termination of Directorship with respect to Non-Employee Director.

(f) “ Termination of Employment ” shall mean the time when the employee-employer relationship between Participant and the Company or any Affiliate is terminated for any reason, with or without cause, including, but not by way of limitation, a termination by resignation, discharge, death, Disability or retirement, but excluding: (a) terminations where there is a simultaneous reemployment or continuing employment of Participant by the Company or any Affiliate, and (b) terminations where there is a simultaneous establishment of a consulting relationship or continuing consulting relationship between Participant and the Company or any Affiliate. The Administrator, in its absolute discretion, shall determine the effect of all matters and questions relating to Termination of Employment, including, but not by way of limitation, the question of whether a particular leave of absence constitutes a Termination of Employment.

(g) “ Termination of Services ” shall mean Participant’s Termination of Consultancy, Termination of Directorship or Termination of Employment, as applicable.

ARTICLE II.

AWARD OF RESTRICTED STOCK

2.1 Award of Restricted Stock .

(a) Award . Pursuant to the Grant Notice and upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan and this Agreement, effective as of the Grant Date set forth in the Grant Notice, the Company has granted to the Participant an award of Restricted Stock (the “ Award ”) under the Plan in consideration of the Participant’s past and/or continued employment with or service to the Company or any Affiliate, and for other good and valuable consideration. The number of Shares subject to the Award is set forth in the Grant Notice. The Participant is an Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company or one of its Affiliates.

(b) Book Entry Form; Certificates . At the sole discretion of the Administrator, the Shares will be issued in either (i) uncertificated form, with the Shares recorded in the name of the Participant in the books and records of the Company’s transfer agent with appropriate notations regarding the restrictions on transfer imposed pursuant to this Agreement, and upon vesting and the satisfaction of all conditions set forth in Sections 2.2(b) and (d) hereof, the Company shall remove such notations on any such vested Shares in accordance with Section 2.2(e) below; or (ii) certificated form pursuant to the terms of Sections 2.1(c), (d) and (e) below.

 

A-2


(c) Legend . Certificates representing Shares issued pursuant to this Agreement shall, until all Restrictions (as defined below) imposed pursuant to this Agreement lapse or have been removed and the Shares have thereby become vested or the Shares represented thereby have been forfeited hereunder, bear the following legend (or such other legend as shall be determined by the Administrator):

“THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN VESTING REQUIREMENTS AND MAY BE SUBJECT TO FORFEITURE UNDER THE TERMS OF A RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD AGREEMENT, BY AND BETWEEN WILLIAM LYON HOMES AND THE REGISTERED OWNER OF SUCH SHARES, AND SUCH SHARES MAY NOT BE, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, OFFERED, TRANSFERRED, SOLD, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, EXCEPT PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF SUCH AGREEMENT.”

(d) Escrow . The Secretary of the Company or such other escrow holder as the Administrator may appoint may retain physical custody of any certificates representing the Shares until all of the Restrictions on transfer imposed pursuant to this Agreement lapse or shall have been removed; in such event, the Participant shall not retain physical custody of any certificates representing unvested Shares issued to him or her. The Participant, by acceptance of the Award, shall be deemed to appoint, and does so appoint, the Company and each of its authorized representatives as the Participant’s attorney(s)-in-fact to effect any transfer of unvested forfeited Shares (or Shares otherwise reacquired by the Company hereunder) to the Company as may be required pursuant to the Plan or this Agreement and to execute such documents as the Company or such representatives deem necessary or advisable in connection with any such transfer.

(e) Removal of Notations; Delivery of Certificates Upon Vesting . As soon as administratively practicable after the vesting of any Shares subject to the Award pursuant to Section 2.2(b) hereof, the Company shall, as applicable, either remove the notations on any Shares subject to the Award issued in book entry form which have vested or deliver to the Participant a certificate or certificates evidencing the number of Shares subject to the Award which have vested (or, in either case, such lesser number of Shares as may be permitted pursuant to Section 10.1 of the Plan). The Participant (or the beneficiary or personal representative of the Participant in the event of the Participant’s death or incapacity, as the case may be) shall deliver to the Company any representations or other documents or assurances required by the Company. The Shares so delivered shall no longer be subject to the Restrictions hereunder.

2.2 Restrictions .

(a) Forfeiture . Subject to Section 2.2(c), any Award that is not vested as of the date of Participant’s Termination of Services shall thereupon be forfeited immediately and without any further action by the Company. For purposes of this Agreement, “Restrictions” shall mean the restrictions on sale or other transfer set forth in Sections 3.2 and the risk of forfeiture set forth in Sections 2.2(a) and 2.2(b) and the vesting schedule set forth on the Grant Notice.

(b) Vesting and Lapse of Restrictions . Subject to Sections 2.2(a) and 2.2(c), the Award shall vest and Restrictions shall lapse in accordance with the vesting schedule set forth on the Grant Notice.

 

A-3


(c) Acceleration of Vesting . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, the Award shall become fully vested and all Restrictions applicable to such Award shall lapse in the event of

[ (i) a Change in Control, or (ii) Participant’s Termination of Services by the Company without Cause or by Participant for Good Reason .]

[ Participant’s Termination of Services by the Company without Cause or by Participant for Good Reason .]

[ a Change in Control, in connection with which the successor corporation does not assume the Award or substitute an equivalent right for the Award .]

[ Participant’s Termination of Services by the Company without Cause or by Participant for Good Reason on or within twelve (12) months following a Change in Control, in connection with which the successor corporation does not assume the Award or substitute an equivalent right for the Award .]

(d) Tax Withholding . The Company or its Affiliates shall be entitled to require a cash payment (or to elect, or permit the Participant to elect, such other form of payment determined in accordance with Section 10.1 of the Plan) by or on behalf of the Participant and/or to deduct from other compensation payable to the Participant any sums required by federal, state or local tax law to be withheld with respect to the grant or vesting of the Award or the lapse of the Restrictions hereunder. In satisfaction of the foregoing requirement with respect to the grant or vesting of the Award or the lapse of the Restrictions hereunder, unless otherwise determined by the Company, the Company or its Affiliates shall withhold Shares otherwise issuable under the Award having a fair market value equal to the sums required to be withheld by federal, state and/or local tax law. The number of Shares which shall be so withheld in order to satisfy such federal, state and/or local withholding tax liabilities shall be limited to the number of shares which have a fair market value on the date of withholding equal to the aggregate amount of such liabilities based on the minimum statutory withholding rates for federal, state and/or local tax purposes that are applicable to such supplemental taxable income. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement (including without limitation Section 2.1(b) hereof), the Company shall not be obligated to deliver any new certificate representing Shares to the Participant or the Participant’s legal representative or enter any such Shares in book entry form unless and until the Participant or the Participant’s legal representative, as applicable, shall have paid or otherwise satisfied in full the amount of all federal, state and local taxes applicable to the taxable income of the Participant resulting from the grant or vesting of the Award or the issuance of Shares hereunder.

(e) Conditions to Delivery of Shares . Subject to Section 2.1 above, the Shares deliverable under this Award may be either previously authorized but unissued Shares, treasury Shares or Shares purchased on the open market. Such Shares shall be fully paid and nonassessable. The Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any Shares under this Award prior to fulfillment of the conditions set forth in Section 13.1 of the Plan.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the issuance of such Shares shall not be delayed if and to the extent that such delay would result in a violation of Section 409A of the Code. In the event that the Company delays the issuance of such Shares because it reasonably determines that the issuance of such Shares will violate Applicable Law, such issuance shall be made at the earliest date at which the Company reasonably determines that issuing such Shares will not cause such violation, as required by Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-2(b)(7)(ii).

(f) To ensure compliance with the Restrictions, the provisions of the charter documents of the Company, and/or Applicable Law and for other proper purposes, the Company may

 

A-4


issue appropriate “stop transfer” and other instructions to its transfer agent with respect to the Restricted Stock. The Company shall notify the transfer agent as and when the Restrictions lapse.

2.3 Consideration to the Company . In consideration of the grant of the Award pursuant hereto, the Participant agrees to render faithful and efficient services to the Company or any Affiliate.

ARTICLE III.

OTHER PROVISIONS

3.1 Section 83(b) Election . If the Participant makes an election under Section 83(b) of the Code to be taxed with respect to the Restricted Stock as of the date of transfer of the Restricted Stock rather than as of the date or dates upon which the Participant would otherwise be taxable under Section 83(a) of the Code, the Participant hereby agrees to deliver a copy of such election to the Company promptly after filing such election with the Internal Revenue Service.

3.2 Restricted Stock Not Transferable . Until the Restrictions hereunder lapse or expire pursuant to this Agreement and the Shares vest, the Restricted Stock (including any Shares received by holders thereof with respect to Restricted Stock as a result of stock dividends, stock splits or any other form of recapitalization) shall be subject to the restrictions on transferability set forth in Section 12.3 of the Plan; provided, however , that this Section 3.2 notwithstanding, the Shares may be transferred to a transferee specifically approved by the Administrator, after taking into account Applicable Law.

3.3 Rights as Stockholder . Except as otherwise provided herein, upon the Grant Date, the Participant shall have all the rights of a stockholder of the Company with respect to the Shares, subject to the Restrictions, including, without limitation, voting rights and rights to receive any cash or stock dividends, in respect of the Shares subject to the Award and deliverable hereunder.

3.4 Not a Contract of Service Relationship . Nothing in this Agreement or in the Plan shall confer upon the Participant any right to continue to serve as an Employee or other service provider of the Company or any of its Affiliates or shall interfere with or restrict in any way the rights of the Company and its Affiliates, which rights are hereby expressly reserved, to discharge or terminate the services of the Participant at any time for any reason whatsoever, with or without cause, except to the extent expressly provided otherwise in a written agreement between the Company or an Affiliate and the Participant.

3.5 Governing Law . The laws of the State of Delaware shall govern the interpretation, validity, administration, enforcement and performance of the terms of this Agreement regardless of the law that might be applied under principles of conflicts of laws.

3.6 Conformity to Securities Laws . The Participant acknowledges that the Plan and this Agreement are intended to conform to the extent necessary with all provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, and any and all Applicable Law. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Plan shall be administered, and the Award is granted, only in such a manner as to conform to such Applicable Law. To the extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Plan and this Agreement shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to conform to such Applicable Law.

3.7 Amendment, Suspension and Termination . To the extent permitted by the Plan, this Agreement may be wholly or partially amended or otherwise modified, suspended or terminated at any time or from time to time by the Administrator or the Board; provided, however , that, except as may otherwise be provided by the Plan, no amendment, modification, suspension or termination of this

 

A-5


Agreement shall adversely affect the Award in any material way without the prior written consent of the Participant.

3.8 Notices . Any notice to be given under the terms of this Agreement shall be addressed to the Company in care of the Secretary of the Company at the Company’s principal office, and any notice to be given to the Participant shall be addressed to the Participant at the Participant’s last address reflected on the Company’s records. Any notice shall be deemed duly given when sent via email or when sent by reputable overnight courier or by certified mail (return receipt requested) through the United States Postal Service.

3.9 Successors and Assigns . The Company or any Affiliate may assign any of its rights under this Agreement to single or multiple assignees, and this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the successors and assigns of the Company and its Affiliates. Subject to the restrictions on transfer set forth in Section 3.2 hereof, this Agreement shall be binding upon the Participant and his or her heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.

3.10 Limitations Applicable to Section 16 Persons . Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan or this Agreement, if the Participant is subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, then the Plan, the Award and this Agreement shall be subject to any additional limitations set forth in any applicable exemptive rule under Section 16 of the Exchange Act (including any amendment to Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act) that are requirements for the application of such exemptive rule. To the extent permitted by applicable law, this Agreement shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to conform to such applicable exemptive rule.

3.11 Entire Agreement . The Plan, the Grant Notice and this Agreement (including all Exhibits thereto, if any) constitute the entire agreement of the parties and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and its Affiliates and the Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof.

3.12 Limitation on the Participant’s Rights . Participation in the Plan confers no rights or interests other than as herein provided. This Agreement creates only a contractual obligation on the part of the Company as to amounts payable and shall not be construed as creating a trust. The Plan, in and of itself, has no assets. The Participant shall have only the rights of a general unsecured creditor of the Company and its Affiliates with respect to amounts credited and benefits payable, if any, with respect to the Shares issuable hereunder.

 

A-6


EXHIBIT B

TO RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD GRANT NOTICE

CONSENT OF SPOUSE OR REGISTERED DOMESTIC PARTNER

I,                     , spouse or domestic partner of                     , have read and approve the Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice (the “ Grant Notice ”) to which this Consent of Spouse or Registered Domestic Partner is attached and the Restricted Stock Award Agreement (the “ Agreement ”) attached to the Grant Notice. In consideration of issuing to my spouse or domestic partner the shares of the common stock of William Lyon Homes set forth in the Grant Notice, I hereby appoint my spouse or domestic partner as my attorney-in-fact in respect to the exercise of any rights under the Agreement and agree to be bound by the provisions of the Agreement insofar as I may have any rights in said Agreement or any shares of the common stock of William Lyon Homes issued pursuant thereto under the community property laws or similar laws relating to marital property in effect in the state of our residence as of the date of the signing of the foregoing Agreement.

 

Dated:  

 

   

 

      Signature of Spouse or Domestic Partner

 

B-1

Exhibit 10.44

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

2012 EQUITY INCENTIVE AWARD PLAN

STOCK OPTION GRANT NOTICE

William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation, (the “ Company ”), pursuant to its 2012 Equity Incentive Award Plan, as may be amended from time to time (the “ Plan ”), hereby grants to the holder listed below (“ Participant ”), an option to purchase the number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (“ Stock ”), set forth below (the “ Option ”). This Option is subject to all of the terms and conditions set forth herein, as well as in the Plan and the Stock Option Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “ Stock Option Agreement ”), each of which are incorporated herein by reference. Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms defined in the Plan shall have the same defined meanings in this Grant Notice and the Stock Option Agreement.

 

Participant:    «Participant»
Grant Date:    «Grant_Date»
Vesting Commencement Date:    «VCD»
Exercise Price per Share:    $[        ]
Total Exercise Price:    «Total_Price»
Total Number of Shares Subject to the Option:    «Shares» shares
Expiration Date:    «Expiration»
Vesting Schedule:   

Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, this Grant Notice and the Stock Option Agreement, the Option shall vest as to:

 

[(i)     % of the Shares on the             , 20    ,

(ii)     % of the Shares on the             , 20    ,

(iii)     % of the Shares on the             , 20    , and

(iv)     % of the Shares on the             , 20    ; ]

 

provided , however , that the Option shall be subject to accelerated vesting as set forth in Section 3.5 of the Stock Option Agreement.

Type of Option:              ¨     Incentive Stock Option          ¨   Non-Qualified Stock Option

By his or her signature and the Company’s signature below, Participant agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Plan, the Stock Option Agreement, and this Grant Notice. Participant has reviewed the Stock Option Agreement, the Plan and this Grant Notice in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Grant Notice and fully understands all provisions of this Grant Notice, the Stock Option Agreement and the Plan. Participant hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Administrator upon any questions arising under the Plan, this Grant Notice or the Stock Option Agreement.

 

WILLIAM LYON HOMES:     PARTICIPANT:
By:  

 

    By:  

 

Print Name:  

 

    Print Name:   «Participant»
Title:  

 

     
Address:  

 

    Address:  

 

 

 

     

 


EXHIBIT A

TO STOCK OPTION GRANT NOTICE

WILLIAM LYON HOMES STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT

Pursuant to the Stock Option Grant Notice (the “ Grant Notice ”) to which this Stock Option Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) is attached, William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), has granted to Participant an Option under the Company’s 2012 Equity Incentive Award Plan, as may be amended from time to time (the “ Plan ”), to purchase the number of shares of Stock indicated in the Grant Notice.

ARTICLE 1.

GENERAL

1.1 Defined Terms . Wherever the following terms are used in this Agreement they shall have the meanings specified below, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Capitalized terms not specifically defined herein shall have the meanings specified in the Plan and the Grant Notice.

(a) Cause ” shall have the meaning set forth in any employment, consulting or similar agreement with the Company or any of its Affiliates to which Participant is a party on the date of grant.

(b) “ Change in Control ” shall have the meaning set forth in any employment, consulting or similar agreement with the Company or any of its Affiliates to which Participant is a party on the date of grant.

(c) “ DRO ” shall mean a “domestic relations order” as defined by the Code or Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, or the rules thereunder.

(d) “ Good Reason ” shall have the meaning set forth in any employment, consulting or similar agreement with the Company or any of its Affiliates to which Participant is a party on the date of grant. If Participant is not a party to such an agreement, “ Good Reason ” shall mean, in each case, without Participant’s prior written consent: (i) the Company’s breach of any material provision of this Agreement or any other material agreement that Participant and the Company are parties to; (ii) the material diminution in the authority or duties of Participant; (iii) the material diminution in the annual base compensation of Participant (except for across-the-board reductions or similar reductions affecting Company senior employees); or (iv) a material change in the geographic location at which Participant must perform services for the Company or its Affiliate (which results in a relocation of at least fifty (50) miles); provided, that “ Good Reason ” shall only exist if Participant provides written notice to the Company of the existence of the condition described herein within sixty (60) days following the initial existence of such condition, upon the notice of which the Company has sixty (60) days during which it may remedy the condition without penalty to the Company.

(e) “ Termination of Consultancy ” shall mean the time when the engagement of Participant as a Consultant to the Company or an Affiliate is terminated for any reason, with or without cause, including, but not by way of limitation, by resignation, discharge, death, Disability or retirement, but excluding: (a) terminations where there is a simultaneous employment or continuing employment of Participant by the Company or any Affiliate, and (b) terminations where there is a simultaneous re-establishment of a consulting relationship or continuing consulting relationship between Participant and

 

A-1


the Company or any Affiliate. The Administrator, in its absolute discretion, shall determine the effect of all matters and questions relating to Termination of Consultancy, including, but not by way of limitation, the question of whether a particular leave of absence constitutes a Termination of Consultancy. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, the Company or any Affiliate has an absolute and unrestricted right to terminate a Consultant’s service at any time for any reason whatsoever, with or without cause, except to the extent expressly provided otherwise in writing.

(f) “ Termination of Directorship ” shall mean the time when Participant, if he or she is or becomes a Non-Employee Director, ceases to be a Non-Employee Director for any reason, including, but not by way of limitation, a termination by resignation, failure to be elected, death or retirement. The Board, in its sole and absolute discretion, shall determine the effect of all matters and questions relating to Termination of Directorship with respect to Non-Employee Director.

(g) “ Termination of Employment ” shall mean the time when the employee-employer relationship between Participant and the Company or any Affiliate is terminated for any reason, with or without cause, including, but not by way of limitation, a termination by resignation, discharge, death, Disability or retirement; but excluding: (a) terminations where there is a simultaneous reemployment or continuing employment of Participant by the Company or any Affiliate, and (b) terminations where there is a simultaneous establishment of a consulting relationship or continuing consulting relationship between Participant and the Company or any Affiliate. The Administrator, in its absolute discretion, shall determine the effect of all matters and questions relating to Termination of Employment, including, but not by way of limitation, the question of whether a particular leave of absence constitutes a Termination of Employment; provided, however , that, if this Option is an Incentive Stock Option, unless otherwise determined by the Administrator in its discretion, a leave of absence, change in status from an employee to an independent contractor or other change in the employee-employer relationship shall constitute a Termination of Employment if, and to the extent that, such leave of absence, change in status or other change interrupts employment for the purposes of Section 422(a)(2) of the Code and the then applicable regulations and revenue rulings under said Section.

(h) “ Termination of Services ” shall mean Participant’s Termination of Consultancy, Termination of Directorship or Termination of Employment, as applicable.

1.2 Incorporation of Terms of Plan . The Option is subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan which are incorporated herein by reference. In the event of any inconsistency between the Plan and this Agreement, the terms of the Plan shall control.

ARTICLE 2.

GRANT OF OPTION

2.1 Grant of Option . In consideration of Participant’s past and/or continued employment with or service to the Company or any Affiliate and for other good and valuable consideration, effective as of the Grant Date set forth in the Grant Notice (the “ Grant Date ”), the Company irrevocably grants to Participant the Option to purchase any part or all of an aggregate of the number of shares of Stock set forth in the Grant Notice, upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan and this Agreement, subject to adjustments as provided in Section 12.2 of the Plan. Unless designated as a Non-Qualified Stock Option in the Grant Notice, the Option shall be an Incentive Stock Option to the maximum extent permitted by law.

2.2 Exercise Price . The exercise price of the shares of Stock subject to the Option shall be as set forth in the Grant Notice, without commission or other charge; provided , however , that the price

 

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per share of the shares of Stock subject to the Option shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a share of Stock on the Grant Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if this Option is designated as an Incentive Stock Option and Participant owns (within the meaning of Section 424(d) of the Code) more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any “subsidiary corporation” of the Company or any “parent corporation” of the Company (each within the meaning of Section 424 of the Code), the price per share of the Shares subject to the Option shall not be less than 110% of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the Grant Date.

2.3 Consideration to the Company . In consideration of the grant of the Option by the Company, Participant agrees to render faithful and efficient services to the Company or any Affiliate. Nothing in the Plan or this Agreement shall confer upon Participant any right to continue in the employ or service of the Company or any Affiliate or shall interfere with or restrict in any way the rights of the Company and its Affiliates, which rights are hereby expressly reserved, to discharge or terminate the services of Participant at any time for any reason whatsoever, with or without cause, except to the extent expressly provided otherwise in a written agreement between the Company or an Affiliate and Participant.

ARTICLE 3.

PERIOD OF EXERCISABILITY

3.1 Commencement of Exercisability .

(a) Subject to Sections 3.2, 3.3, 3.5, 5.11 and 5.17 hereof, the Option shall become vested and exercisable in such amounts and at such times as are set forth in the Grant Notice.

(b) Subject to Section 3.5, no portion of the Option which has not become vested and exercisable at the date of Participant’s Termination of Service shall thereafter become vested and exercisable, except as may be otherwise provided in the Grant Notice or provided by the Administrator or as set forth in a written agreement between the Company and Participant.

3.2 Duration of Exercisability . The installments provided for in the vesting schedule set forth in the Grant Notice are cumulative. Each such installment which becomes vested and exercisable pursuant to the vesting schedule set forth in the Grant Notice shall remain vested and exercisable until it becomes unexercisable under Section 3.3 hereof.

3.3 Expiration of Option . The Option may not be exercised to any extent by anyone after the first to occur of the following events:

(a) The Expiration Date set forth in the Grant Notice, which shall in no event be more than ten (10) years from the Grant Date;

(b) If this Option is designated as an Incentive Stock Option and Participant owned (within the meaning of Section 424(d) of the Code), at the time the Option was granted, more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any “subsidiary corporation” of the Company or any “parent corporation” of the Company (each within the meaning of Section 424 of the Code), the expiration of five (5) years from the Grant Date;

(c) The expiration of three (3) months from the date of Participant’s Termination of Service, unless such termination occurs by reason of Participant’s death, Disability or for Cause; or

 

A-3


(d) The expiration of six (6) months from the date of Participant’s death if Participant dies prior to his or her Termination of Services or within three (3) months after his or her Termination of Services;

(e) The expiration of six (6) months from the date of Participant’s Termination of Services by reason of Participant’s Disability; or

(f) The date of Participant’s Termination of Services by the Company for Cause.

3.4 Special Tax Consequences . Participant acknowledges that, to the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined as of the time the Option is granted) of all shares of Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options, including the Option (if applicable), are exercisable for the first time by Participant in any calendar year exceeds $100,000, the Option and such other options shall be Non-Qualified Stock Options to the extent necessary to comply with the limitations imposed by Section 422(d) of the Code. Participant further acknowledges that the rule set forth in the preceding sentence shall be applied by taking the Option and other “incentive stock options” into account in the order in which they were granted, as determined under Section 422(d) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder. Participant also acknowledges that an Incentive Stock Option exercised more than three (3) months after Participant’s Termination of Employment, other than by reason of death or disability, will be taxed as a Non-Qualified Stock Option.

3.5 Acceleration of Vesting . 1 Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Option shall become fully vested and exercisable in the event of [ (i) a Change in Control, or (ii) Participant’s Termination of Services by the Company without Cause of by Participant for Good Reason ].

3.6 Tax Indemnity .

(a) Participant agrees to indemnify and keep indemnified the Company, any Affiliate and Participant’s employing company, if different, from and against any liability for or obligation to pay any Tax Liability (a “ Tax Liability ” being any liability for income tax, withholding tax and any other employment related taxes or social security contributions in any jurisdiction) that is attributable to (1) the grant or exercise of, or any benefit derived by Participant from, the Option, (2) the acquisition by Participant of the Stock on exercise of the Option or (3) the disposal of any Stock.

 

1   Alternatives to Section 3.5 include:

[ Alternative 1 : Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Option shall become fully vested and exercisable in the event of a Change in Control, in connection with which the successor corporation does not assume the Option or substitute an equivalent right for the Option.]

[ Alternative 2 : Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Option shall become fully vested and exercisable in the event of Participant’s Termination of Services by the Company without Cause or by Participant for Good Reason on or within twelve (12) months following a Change in Control, in connection with which the successor corporation does not assume the Option or substitute an equivalent right for the Option.]

[ Alternative 3 : Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, in the event of Participant’s Termination of Services, the Option shall cease to vest, unless otherwise provided by the Administrator or pursuant to a written agreement signed by Participant and the Company or its Affiliate.]

 

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(b) The Option cannot be exercised until Participant has made such arrangements as the Company may require for the satisfaction of any Tax Liability that may arise in connection with the exercise of the Option and/or the acquisition of the Stock by Participant. The Company shall not be required to issue, allot or transfer Stock until Participant has satisfied this obligation.

(c) Participant hereby acknowledges that the Company (i) makes no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax Liabilities in connection with any aspect of the Option and (ii) does not commit to and is under no obligation to structure the terms of the grant or any aspect of any Award, including the Option, to reduce or eliminate Participant’s liability for Tax Liabilities or achieve any particular tax result. Furthermore, if Participant becomes subject to tax in more than one jurisdiction between the date of grant of an Award, including the Option, and the date of any relevant taxable event, Participant acknowledges that the Company may be required to withhold or account for Tax Liabilities in more than one jurisdiction.

ARTICLE 4.

EXERCISE OF OPTION

4.1 Person Eligible to Exercise . Except as provided in Section 5.3 hereof, during the lifetime of Participant, only Participant may exercise the Option or any portion thereof, unless it has been disposed of pursuant to a DRO. After the death of Participant, any exercisable portion of the Option may, prior to the time when the Option becomes unexercisable under Section 3.3 hereof, be exercised by the deceased Participant’s personal representative or by any person empowered to do so under the deceased Participant’s will or under the then applicable laws of descent and distribution.

4.2 Partial Exercise . Any exercisable portion of the Option or the entire Option, if then wholly exercisable, may be exercised in whole or in part at any time prior to the time when the Option or portion thereof becomes unexercisable under Section 3.3 hereof. However, the Option shall not be exercisable with respect to fractional shares of Stock.

4.3 Manner of Exercise . The Option, or any exercisable portion thereof, may be exercised solely by delivery to the Secretary of the Company (or any third party administrator or other person or entity designated by the Company; for the avoidance of doubt, delivery shall include electronic delivery), during regular business hours, of all of the following prior to the time when the Option or such portion thereof becomes unexercisable under Section 3.3 hereof:

(a) An exercise notice in a form specified by the Administrator, stating that the Option or portion thereof is thereby exercised, such notice complying with all applicable rules established by the Administrator. The notice shall be signed by Participant or other person then entitled to exercise the Option or such portion of the Option;

(b) The receipt by the Company of full payment for the shares of Stock with respect to which the Option or portion thereof is exercised, including payment of any applicable withholding tax, which shall be made by deduction from other compensation payable to Participant or in such other form of consideration permitted under Section 4.4 hereof that is acceptable to the Company;

(c) Any other written representations or documents as may be required in the Administrator’s sole discretion to evidence compliance with the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any other applicable law, rule or regulation; and

 

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(d) In the event the Option or portion thereof shall be exercised pursuant to Section 4.1 hereof by any person or persons other than Participant, appropriate proof of the right of such person or persons to exercise the Option.

Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, the Company shall have the right to specify all conditions of the manner of exercise, which conditions may vary by country and which may be subject to change from time to time.

4.4 Method of Payment . Payment of the exercise price shall be by any of the following, or a combination thereof, at the election of Participant:

(a) Cash or check;

(b) With the consent of the Administrator, surrender of shares of Stock (including, without limitation, shares of Stock otherwise issuable upon exercise of the Option) held for such period of time as may be required by the Administrator in order to avoid adverse accounting consequences and having a Fair Market Value on the date of delivery equal to the aggregate exercise price of the Option or exercised portion thereof; or

(c) Other legal consideration acceptable to the Administrator (including, without limitation, through the delivery of a notice that Participant has placed a market sell order with a broker with respect to shares of Stock then issuable upon exercise of the Option, and that the broker has been directed to pay a sufficient portion of the net proceeds of the sale to the Company in satisfaction of the Option exercise price; provided that payment of such proceeds is then made to the Company at such time as may be required by the Company, but in any event not later than the settlement of such sale).

4.5 Conditions to Issuance of Stock . The shares of Stock deliverable upon the exercise of the Option, or any portion thereof, may be either previously authorized but unissued shares of Stock or issued shares of Stock which have then been reacquired by the Company. Such shares of Stock shall be fully paid and nonassessable. The Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any shares of Stock purchased upon the exercise of the Option or portion thereof prior to fulfillment of all of the conditions in Section 13.1 of the Plan and following conditions:

(a) The admission of such shares of Stock to listing on all stock exchanges on which such Stock is then listed;

(b) The completion of any registration or other qualification of such shares of Stock under any state or federal law or under rulings or regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission or of any other governmental regulatory body, which the Administrator shall, in its absolute discretion, deem necessary or advisable;

(c) The obtaining of any approval or other clearance from any state or federal governmental agency which the Administrator shall, in its absolute discretion, determine to be necessary or advisable;

(d) The receipt by the Company of full payment for such shares of Stock, including payment of any applicable withholding tax, which may be in one or more of the forms of consideration permitted under Section 4.4 hereof; and

(e) The lapse of such reasonable period of time following the exercise of the Option as the Administrator may from time to time establish for reasons of administrative convenience.

 

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4.6 Rights as Stockholder . The holder of the Option shall not be, nor have any of the rights or privileges of, a stockholder of the Company, including, without limitation, voting rights and rights to dividends, in respect of any shares of Stock purchasable upon the exercise of any part of the Option unless and until such shares of Stock shall have been issued by the Company and held of record by such holder (as evidenced by the appropriate entry on the books of the Company or of a duly authorized transfer agent of the Company). No adjustment will be made for a dividend or other right for which the record date is prior to the date the shares of Stock are issued, except as provided in Section 12.2 of the Plan.

ARTICLE 5.

OTHER PROVISIONS

5.1 Administration . The Administrator shall have the power to interpret the Plan and this Agreement and to adopt such rules for the administration, interpretation and application of the Plan as are consistent therewith and to interpret, amend or revoke any such rules. All actions taken and all interpretations and determinations made by the Administrator in good faith shall be final and binding upon Participant, the Company and all other interested persons. No member of the Committee or the Board shall be personally liable for any action, determination or interpretation made in good faith with respect to the Plan, this Agreement or the Option.

5.2 Whole Shares . The Option may only be exercised for whole shares of Stock.

5.3 Option Not Transferable .

(a) Subject to Section 4.1 hereof, the Option may not be sold, pledged, assigned or transferred in any manner other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution or, subject to the consent of the Administrator, pursuant to a DRO, unless and until the Option has been exercised and the shares of Stock underlying the Option have been issued, and all restrictions applicable to such shares of Stock have lapsed; provided, however , that this Section 5.3 notwithstanding, the Option may be transferred to a transferee specifically approved by the Administrator, after taking into account Applicable law. Neither the Option nor any interest or right therein shall be liable for the debts, contracts or engagements of Participant or his or her successors in interest or shall be subject to disposition by transfer, alienation, anticipation, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, assignment or any other means whether such disposition be voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law by judgment, levy, attachment, garnishment or any other legal or equitable proceedings (including bankruptcy) unless and until the Option has been exercised, and any attempted disposition thereof prior to exercise shall be null and void and of no effect, except to the extent that such disposition is permitted by the preceding sentence.

(b) During the lifetime of Participant, only Participant may exercise the Option (or any portion thereof), unless it has been disposed of pursuant to a DRO or as specifically approved by the Administrator after taking into account Applicable Law; after the death of Participant, any exercisable portion of the Option may, prior to the time when such portion becomes unexercisable under the Plan or this Agreement, be exercised by Participant’s personal representative or by any person empowered to do so under the deceased Participant’s will or under the then-applicable laws of descent and distribution.

(c) Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement, Participant may, in the manner determined by the Administrator, designate a beneficiary to exercise the rights of Participant and to receive any distribution with respect to the Option upon Participant’s death. A beneficiary, legal guardian, legal representative, or other person claiming any rights pursuant to the Plan is subject to all terms and conditions of the Plan and this Agreement, except to the extent the Plan and this Agreement

 

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otherwise provide, and to any additional restrictions deemed necessary or appropriate by the Administrator.

5.4 Tax Consultation . Participant understands that Participant may suffer adverse tax consequences as a result of the grant, vesting and/or exercise of the Option, and/or with the purchase or disposition of the shares of Stock subject to the Option. Participant represents that Participant has consulted with any tax consultants Participant deems advisable in connection with the purchase or disposition of such shares of Stock and that Participant is not relying on the Company for any tax advice.

5.5 Binding Agreement . Subject to the limitation on the transferability of the Option contained herein, this Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the heirs, legatees, legal representatives, successors and assigns of the parties hereto.

5.6 Adjustments Upon Specified Events . The Administrator may accelerate the vesting of the Option in such circumstances as it, in its sole discretion, may determine. In addition, upon the occurrence of certain events relating to the Stock contemplated by Section 12.2 of the Plan (including, without limitation, an extraordinary cash dividend on such Stock), the Administrator shall make such adjustments the Administrator deems appropriate in the number of shares of Stock subject to the Option, the exercise price of the Option and the kind of securities that may be issued upon exercise of the Option. Participant acknowledges that the Option is subject to adjustment, modification and termination in certain events as provided in this Agreement and Section 12.2 of the Plan.

5.7 Notices . Any notice to be given under the terms of this Agreement to the Company shall be addressed to the Company in care of the Secretary of the Company at the Company’s principal office, and any notice to be given to Participant shall be addressed to Participant at Participant’s last address reflected on the Company’s records. By a notice given pursuant to this Section 5.7, either party may hereafter designate a different address for notices to be given to that party. Any notice which is required to be given to Participant shall, if Participant is then deceased, be given to the person entitled to exercise his or her Option pursuant to Section 4.1 hereof by written notice under this Section 5.7. Any notice shall be deemed duly given when sent via email or when sent by certified mail (return receipt requested) and deposited (with postage prepaid) in a post office or branch post office regularly maintained by the United States Postal Service.

5.8 Titles . Titles are provided herein for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Agreement.

5.9 Governing Law . The laws of the State of Delaware shall govern the interpretation, validity, administration, enforcement and performance of the terms of this Agreement regardless of the law that might be applied under principles of conflicts of laws.

5.10 Conformity to Securities Laws . Participant acknowledges that the Plan and this Agreement are intended to conform to the extent necessary with all provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and any and all Applicable Law and regulations and rules promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder, and state securities laws and regulations. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Plan shall be administered, and the Option is granted and may be exercised, only in such a manner as to conform to such Applicable Law. To the extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Plan and this Agreement shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to conform to such Applicable Law.

 

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5.11 Amendments, Suspension and Termination . To the extent permitted by the Plan, this Agreement may be wholly or partially amended or otherwise modified, suspended or terminated at any time or from time to time by the Administrator or the Board; provided that, except as may otherwise be provided by the Plan, no amendment, modification, suspension or termination of this Agreement shall adversely affect the Option in any material way without the prior written consent of Participant.

5.12 Successors and Assigns . The Company may assign any of its rights under this Agreement to single or multiple assignees, and this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the successors and assigns of the Company. Subject to the restrictions on transfer herein set forth in Section 5.3 hereof, this Agreement shall be binding upon Participant and his or her heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.

5.13 Notification of Disposition . If this Option is designated as an Incentive Stock Option, Participant shall give prompt notice to the Company of any disposition or other transfer of any shares of Stock acquired under this Agreement if such disposition or transfer is made (a) within two (2) years from the Grant Date with respect to such shares of Stock or (b) within one (1) year after the transfer of such shares of Stock to Participant. Such notice shall specify the date of such disposition or other transfer and the amount realized, in cash, other property, assumption of indebtedness or other consideration, by Participant in such disposition or other transfer.

5.14 Limitations Applicable to Section 16 Persons . Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan or this Agreement, if Participant is subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, the Plan, the Option and this Agreement shall be subject to any additional limitations set forth in any applicable exemptive rule under Section 16 of the Exchange Act (including any amendment to Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act) that are requirements for the application of such exemptive rule. To the extent permitted by applicable law, this Agreement shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to conform to such applicable exemptive rule.

5.15 Not a Contract of Service Relationship . Nothing in this Agreement or in the Plan shall confer upon Participant any right to continue to serve as an employee or other service provider of the Company or any of its Affiliates or interfere with or restrict in any way with the right of the Company or any of its Affiliates, which rights are hereby expressly reserved, to discharge or to terminate for any reason whatsoever, with or without cause, the services of Participant’s at any time.

5.16 Entire Agreement . The Plan, the Grant Notice and this Agreement (including all Exhibits thereto) constitute the entire agreement of the parties and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof.

5.17 Section 409A . This Option is not intended to constitute “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (together with any Department of Treasury regulations and other interpretive guidance issued thereunder, including without limitation any such regulations or other guidance that may be issued after the date hereof, “ Section 409A ”). However, notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, the Grant Notice or this Agreement (or any Exhibits hereto), if at any time the Administrator determines that the Option (or any portion thereof) may be subject to Section 409A, the Administrator shall have the right in its sole discretion (without any obligation to do so or to indemnify Participant or any other person for failure to do so) to adopt such amendments to the Plan, the Grant Notice or this Agreement (or any Exhibits hereto), or adopt other policies and procedures (including amendments, policies and procedures with retroactive effect), or take any other actions, as the Administrator determines are necessary or appropriate either for the Option to be exempt from the application of Section 409A or to comply with the requirements of Section 409A.

 

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5.18 Limitation on Participant’s Rights . Participation in the Plan confers no rights or interests other than as herein provided. This Agreement creates only a contractual obligation on the part of the Company as to amounts payable and shall not be construed as creating a trust. Neither the Plan nor any underlying program, in and of itself, has any assets. Participant shall have only the rights of a general unsecured creditor of the Company with respect to amounts credited and benefits payable, if any, with respect to the Option, and rights no greater than the right to receive the Stock as a general unsecured creditor with respect to options, as and when exercised pursuant to the terms hereof.

*    *    *    *    *

 

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Exhibit 10.45

WILLIAM LYON HOMES

2012 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

AMENDMENT TO STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT

This Amendment to the Stock Option Agreement (the “ Amendment ”) is entered into by and between William Lyon Homes (the “ Company ”), and [                    ] (the “ Optionee ”) on December 3, 2013 (the “ Effective Date ”) pursuant to the resolutions adopted by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) on November 5, 2013 and amends the Stock Option Agreement under the Company’s 2012 Equity Incentive Plan between the parties hereto (the “ Original Agreement ”). Capitalized terms used here and not defined herein shall have the meaning given in the Original Agreement.

W ITNESSETH :

W HEREAS , the Company and the Optionee are parties to the Original Agreement pursuant to which the Optionee was granted an option to purchase [                ] Shares (on a pre-split basis) of the Company’s Common Stock (the “ Option ”) on October 1, 2012; and

W HEREAS , the Company and the Optionee have agreed to amend the Original Agreement to: (i) extend the mandatory exercise date for any Options that vest through and including December 31, 2013 to any date during the Company’s quarterly open trading window immediately following the Company’s announcement of its financial results for fiscal year ended December 31, 2013; and (ii) extend the mandatory exercise date for the remaining unvested tranche vesting on December 31, 2014 to any date during the Company’s quarterly open trading window immediately following the Company’s announcement of its financial results for fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, in each case subject to any further deferral as necessary to comply with the Company’s Insider Trading Policy.

N OW , T HEREFORE , in consideration of the foregoing and for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and Optionee agree as follows:

 

  1. Mandatory Exercise . Section 4.7 in the Original Agreement is hereby amended and restated to read as follows:

Mandatory Exercise . Participant shall be required to exercise any outstanding vested and unexercised portion of the Option (the “Mandatory Exercise”) not later than the earliest to occur: (i) within thirty (30) days following the Participant’s Termination of Services for any reason or no reason; or (ii) at any time during (x) the Company’s quarterly open trading window under its insider trading policy (the “Insider Trading Policy”) immediately following the Company’s announcement of its financial results


for fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, and (y) with respect to the Option tranche vesting on December 31, 2014, the Company’s quarterly open trading window under the Insider Trading Policy immediately following the Company’s announcement of its financial results for fiscal year ended December 31, 2014. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to clause (i) of this Section 4.7, if the Participant’s Termination of Services occurs during a closed trading window under the Insider Trading Policy, and with respect to clause (ii) of this Section 4.7, if the Optionee is otherwise prohibited from exercising the relevant portion of the Option in any way under the Insider Trading Policy during the Mandatory Exercise period, then in each case the Mandatory Exercise date shall be deferred until the next succeeding business day on which the Mandatory Exercise may be effected in compliance with the Insider Trading Policy. In the event of the Participant’s Termination of Services, Participant may satisfy the aggregate exercise price obligation arising as a result of the Mandatory Exercise by cash payment or offset of any payments due to Participant from the Company (including any termination payments due under Participant’s employment agreement), as well as any payment method permitted under this Agreement, at Participant’s election. In the event Participant fails to satisfy the Mandatory Exercise requirement, Participant shall forfeit any vested portion of the Option.

2. No Further Amendments . Except as specifically set forth above, all of the remaining terms of the Original Agreement shall remain unchanged and in full force and effect.


I N W ITNESS W HEREOF , the parties hereto have entered into this Amendment to Stock Option Agreement as of the date first above written.

 

T HE C OMPANY :
WILLIAM LYON HOMES
By:  

 

Name:  

 

Title:  

 

O PTIONEE :

 

Exhibit 12.1

RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES AND PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS

For the nine months ended September 30, 2013, our earnings were in excess of fixed charges. The following table presents our historical ratio of earnings to fixed charges and amount of excess of fixed charges and preferred stock dividends to earnings, as applicable, for the periods indicated.

 

    Successor(1)     Predecessor(1)  
    Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
    Period from
February 25,
through
December 31,
2012
    Period From
February 25,
through
September 30,
2012
    Period from
January 1,
through
February 24,
2012
    Year Ended
December 31,
 
            2011     2010     2009     2008  

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges (2)

    2.07x        1.02x        —         —         —         —         —         —    

Excess of fixed charges to earnings (loss) (2)

  $ —       $ —       $ (10,346   $ (16,050   $ (86,347   $ (52,871   $ (150,218   $ (82,117

Excess of combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends to earnings (loss) (2)

  $ —       $ (2,097   $ (12,144     N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A   

 

(1) Successor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries on and after the Emergence Date, after giving effect to: (i) the cancellation of shares of our common stock issued prior to February 25, 2012; (ii) the issuance of shares of new common stock, and settlement of existing debt and other adjustments in accordance with the Plan; and (iii) the application of fresh start accounting. Predecessor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries up to the Emergence Date. In relation to the adoption of fresh start accounting in conjunction with the confirmation of the Plan, the results of operations for 2012 separately present the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 as the pre-emergence, predecessor entity and the periods from February 25, 2012 through September 30, 2012 and from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 as the successor entity. As such, the application of fresh start accounting is reflected in the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and not the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012. Certain statistics including (i) net new home orders, (ii) average number of sales locations, (iii) backlog, (iv) number of homes closed, (v) homes sales revenue and (vi) average sales price of homes closed are not affected by the fresh start accounting.
(2) The term “fixed charges” means the sum of (a) interest expensed and capitalized, (b) amortized premiums, discounts and capitalized expenses related to indebtedness, (c) portion of rent expense considered to be interest, and (d) preference security dividend requirements of consolidated subsidiaries. The term “preference security dividend” is the amount of pre-tax earnings that is required to pay dividends on outstanding preference securities. The term “earnings” means the sum of (a) pre-tax income from continuing operations and (b) fixed charges.

EXHIBIT 21.1

LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES OF WILLIAM LYON HOMES, A DELAWARE CORPORATION

William Lyon Homes, Inc.

(a California corporation)

California Equity Funding, Inc.

(a California corporation)

Sycamore CC, Inc.

(a California corporation)

Presley Homes

(a California corporation)

Presley CMR, Inc.

(a California corporation)

Duxford Financial, Inc. (formerly Presley Mortgage Company)

(a California corporation)

Bayport Mortgage, L.P.

(a California limited partnership)

Duxford Title Reinsurance Company

(a Vermont corporation)

PH—LP Ventures

(a California corporation)

PH-Reilly Ventures, Inc.

(a California corporation)

Silver Creek Preserve

(a California non-profit public benefit company)

HSP, Inc.

(a California corporation)

PH Ventures-San Jose

(a California corporation)

Cerro Plata Associates, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

Henry Ranch, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

William Lyon Southwest, Inc.

(an Arizona corporation)

PLC/Lyon Waterfront Residential, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)


Lyon Waterfront, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

East Garrison Partners I, LLC

(a California limited liability company)

Lyon East Garrison Company I, LLC

(a California limited liability company)

Spectrum 90 Investors, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

4S Ranch Planning Area 38, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

San Miguel Village, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

Lyon Treviso, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

WLH Enterprises (formerly The Ranch Golf Club Co. which was formerly Carmel Mountain Ranch)

(a California general partnership)

Laguna Big Horn, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

Mountain Falls, LLC

(a Nevada limited liability company)

Mountain Falls Golf Course, LLC

(a Nevada limited liability company)

Whitney Ranch Village 5, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

Queen Creek Joint Venture, LLC

(an Arizona limited liability company)

Lyon Vista Del Mar 533, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC

(an Arizona limited liability company)

Duxford Insurance Services, LLC

(a California limited liability company)

Duxford Escrow, Inc.

(a California corporation)

Nobar Water Company

(a California corporation)

William Lyon Mortgage Series of CWB

Mortgage Ventures, LLC

(a California limited liability company)


Lyon Mayfield, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

Lyon Mayfield, Inc

(a Delaware corporation)

Lyon Branches, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

Lyon Mission, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

Horsethief Canyon Partners

(a California general partnership)

Lyon Whistler, LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

Brentwood Palmilla Owner LLC

(a Delaware limited liability company)

EXHIBIT 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the use in this Form S-4 Registration Statement of our Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm dated January 21, 2013, covering the related consolidated balance sheet of William Lyon Homes (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2011, and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity (deficit) and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2011 (which report expresses an unqualified opinion and includes an explanatory paragraph relating to (1) the Company’s Chapter 11 filing on December 19, 2011 and the related application of debtor in possession accounting for the period of such date through December 31, 2011, and (2) the lack of comparability with the prior financial statements) appearing in the Prospectus, which is part of this Registration Statement.

We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement and related Prospectus.

/ S / W INDES & M C C LAUGHRY

Irvine, California

December 26, 2013

Exhibit 23.2

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors

William Lyon Homes:

We consent to the use of our report dated March 15, 2013, with respect to the consolidated balance sheet of William Lyon Homes and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 (Successor), and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity (deficit) and cash flows for the periods from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 (Predecessor) and February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 (Successor) included herein and to the reference to our firm under the heading “Experts” in the prospectus.

 

/s/ KPMG LLP
Irvine, California
December 23, 2013

Exhibit 25.1

 

 

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM T-1

 

 

STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY

UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939

OF A CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE

 

¨ Check if an Application to Determine Eligibility of a Trustee Pursuant to Section 305(b)(2)

 

 

U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

(Exact name of Trustee as specified in its charter)

 

 

31-0841368

I.R.S. Employer Identification No.

 

800 Nicollet Mall

Minneapolis, Minnesota

  55402
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

Donald T. Hurrelbrink

U.S. Bank National Association

60 Livingston Avenue

St. Paul, MN 55107

(651) 466-6308

(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)

 

 

William Lyon Homes, Inc.

(Exact name of obligor as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

California   33-0253855

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

4695 MacArthur Court, 8 th Floor

Newport Beach, California

  92660
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)

 

 

William Lyon Homes

(Exact name of obligor as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   33-0864902

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

4695 MacArthur Court, 8 th Floor

Newport Beach, California

  92660
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)

 

 

AND

The Other Registrants Named in the Table of Additional Registrants Below

8.500% Senior Notes Due 2020

(Title of the Indenture Securities)

 

 

 


TABLE OF ADDITIONAL REGISTRANTS

Additional Registrants (as Guarantors of 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020)

 

Exact Name as specified in its charter *

  

State or other
jurisdiction of
incorporation or
organization

  

Primary
Standard
Industrial
Classification
Code Number

  

I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.

California Equity Funding, Inc.

   California    1531    33-0830016

PH-LP Ventures

   California    1531    33-0799119

Duxford Financial, Inc.

   California    1531    33-0640824

Sycamore CC, Inc.

   California    1531    33-0981307

Presley CMR, Inc.

   California    1531    33-0603862

William Lyon Southwest, Inc.

   Arizona    1531    86-0978474

PH-Rielly Ventures

   California    1531    33-0827710

HSP Inc.

   California    1531    33-0636045

PH Ventures-San Jose

   California    1531    33-0785089

Presley Homes

   California    1531    33-0905035

WLH Enterprises

   California    1531    33-0013333

Lyon East Garrison Company I, LLC

   California    1531    41-2065692

Lyon Waterfront LLC

   Delaware    1531    04-3671928

Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC

   Arizona    1531    20-3431322

Mountain Falls, LLC

   Nevada    1531    20-1119631

Mountain Falls Golf Course, LLC

   Nevada    1531    20-1223291

 

* Each additional registrant is a wholly-owned direct or indirect subsidiary of William Lyon Homes. The address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of each registrant’s principal executive offices is c/o William Lyon Homes, 4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor, Newport Beach, California, telephone (949) 833-3600. The name, address, and telephone number of the agent for service for each additional registrant is William H. Lyon, Chief Executive Officer, William Lyon Homes, 4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor, Newport Beach, California, telephone (949) 833-3600.

 

2


FORM T-1

 

Item 1. GENERAL INFORMATION . Furnish the following information as to the Trustee.

 

  a) Name and address of each examining or supervising authority to which it is subject.

Comptroller of the Currency

Washington, D.C.

 

  b) Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers.

Yes

 

Item 2. AFFILIATIONS WITH OBLIGOR. If the obligor is an affiliate of the Trustee, describe each such affiliation.

None

 

Items 3-15 Items 3-15 are not applicable because to the best of the Trustee’s knowledge, the obligor is not in default under any Indenture for which the Trustee acts as Trustee.

 

Item 16. LIST OF EXHIBITS: List below all exhibits filed as a part of this statement of eligibility and qualification.

 

  1. A copy of the Articles of Association of the Trustee.*

 

  2. A copy of the certificate of authority of the Trustee to commence business, attached as Exhibit 2.

 

  3. A copy of the certificate of authority of the Trustee to exercise corporate trust powers, attached as Exhibit 3.

 

  4. A copy of the existing bylaws of the Trustee.**

 

  5. A copy of each Indenture referred to in Item 4. Not applicable.

 

  6. The consent of the Trustee required by Section 321(b) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, attached as Exhibit 6.

 

  7. Report of Condition of the Trustee as of September 30, 2013 published pursuant to law or the requirements of its supervising or examining authority, attached as Exhibit 7.

 

* Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 25.1 to Amendment No. 2 to registration statement on S-4, Registration Number 333-128217 filed on November 15, 2005.
** Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 25.1 to registration statement on S-4, Registration Number 333-166527 filed on May 5, 2010.

 

3


SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, the Trustee, U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America, has duly caused this statement of eligibility and qualification to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all in the City of St. Paul, State of Minnesota on the 23rd of December, 2013.

 

By:  

/s/ Joshua A. Hahn

 

Joshua A. Hahn

  Vice President

 

4


Exhibit 2

LOGO

 

 

Comptroller of the Currency

Administrator of National Banks

 

 

Washington, DC 20219

CERTIFICATE OF CORPORATE EXISTENCE

I, Thomas J. Curry, Comptroller of the Currency, do hereby certify that:

1. The Comptroller of the Currency, pursuant to Revised Statutes 324, et seq, as amended, and 12 USC 1, et seq, as amended, has possession, custody, and control of all records pertaining to the chartering, regulation, and supervision of all national banking associations.

2. “U.S. Bank National Association,” Cincinnati, Ohio (Charter No. 24), is a national banking association formed under the laws of the United States and is authorized thereunder to transact the business of banking on the date of this certificate.

 

LOGO     IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, today, February 27, 2013, I have hereunto subscribed my name and caused my seal of office to be affixed to these presents at the U.S. Department of the Treasury, in the City of Washington, District of Columbia.
   

 

LOGO

   

 

   

 

Comptroller of the Currency

 

5


Exhibit 3

LOGO

 

 

Comptroller of the Currency

Administrator of National Banks

 

 

Washington, DC 20219

CERTIFICATION OF FIDUCIARY POWERS

I, Thomas J. Curry, Comptroller of the Currency, do hereby certify that:

1. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, pursuant to Revised Statutes 324, et seq, as amended, and 12 USC 1, et seq, as amended, has possession, custody, and control of all records pertaining to the chartering, regulation, and supervision of all national banking associations.

2. “U.S. Bank National Association,” Cincinnati, Ohio (Charter No. 24), was granted, under the hand and seal of the Comptroller, the right to act in all fiduciary capacities authorized under the provisions of the Act of Congress approved September 28, 1962, 76 Stat. 668, 12 USC 92a, and that the authority so granted remains in full force and effect on the date of this certificate.

 

LOGO     IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, today, February 27, 2013, I have hereunto subscribed my name and caused my seal of office to be affixed to these presents at the U.S. Department of the Treasury, in the City of Washington, District of Columbia.
   

 

LOGO

   

 

   

 

Comptroller of the Currency

 

6


Exhibit 6

CONSENT

In accordance with Section 321(b) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, the undersigned, U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION hereby consents that reports of examination of the undersigned by Federal, State, Territorial or District authorities may be furnished by such authorities to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon its request therefor.

Dated: December 23, 2013

 

By:  

/s/ Joshua A. Hahn

 

Joshua A. Hahn

  Vice President

 

7


Exhibit 7

U.S. Bank National Association

Statement of Financial Condition

As of 9/30/2013

($000’s)

 

     9/30/2013  

Assets

  

Cash and Balances Due From Depository Institutions

   $ 11,611,724   

Securities

     75,731,096   

Federal Funds

     109,251   

Loans & Lease Financing Receivables

     229,278,111   

Fixed Assets

     4,752,165   

Intangible Assets

     13,284,803   

Other Assets

     21,823,306   
  

 

 

 

Total Assets

   $ 356,590,456   

Liabilities

  

Deposits

   $ 269,648,386   

Fed Funds

     2,649,382   

Treasury Demand Notes

     0   

Trading Liabilities

     377,760   

Other Borrowed Money

     27,410,355   

Acceptances

     0   

Subordinated Notes and Debentures

     4,836,320   

Other Liabilities

     11,663,931   
  

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

   $ 316,586,134   

Equity

  

Common and Preferred Stock

     18,200   

Surplus

     14,231,285   

Undivided Profits

     24,168,331   

Minority Interest in Subsidiaries

   $ 1,586,506   
  

 

 

 

Total Equity Capital

   $ 40,004,322   

Total Liabilities and Equity Capital

   $ 356,590,456   

 

8

Exhibit 99.1

LOGO

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

To Tender For Exchange

8.500% Senior Notes due 2020

of

WILLIAM LYON HOMES, INC.

Pursuant to the Prospectus Dated             ,

 

THE EXCHANGE OFFER AND WITHDRAWAL RIGHTS WILL EXPIRE AT MIDNIGHT, NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON THE EVENING OF             ,        , UNLESS EXTENDED (THE “EXPIRATION DATE”).

The Exchange Agent for the Exchange Offer is:

U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

 

By Hand, Overnight Delivery or Mail

(Registered or Certified Mail Recommended):

 

By Facsimile Transmission

(for eligible institutions only):

 

U.S. Bank National Association

60 Livingston Avenue

St. Paul, MN 55107

Attention: Specialized Finance

 

 

(651) 466-7372

Attention: Specialized Finance

 

Fax cover sheets should provide a call-back number and

request a call back, upon receipt.

 

 

Confirm receipt by calling:

(800) 934-6802

DELIVERY OF THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL TO AN ADDRESS OTHER THAN AS SET FORTH ABOVE OR VIA A FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION TO A NUMBER OTHER THAN AS SET FORTH ABOVE WILL NOT CONSTITUTE A VALID DELIVERY OF THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS TO THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY DOES NOT CONSTITUTE DELIVERY TO THE EXCHANGE AGENT.

The undersigned hereby acknowledges receipt of the prospectus, dated             ,        , of William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (the “Issuer”), which, together with this letter of transmittal, constitute the Issuer’s offer to exchange up to $100,000,000 aggregate principal amount of any and all of its outstanding privately placed 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 issued on October 24, 2013 (the “old notes”) for newly issued 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “new notes”) in an exchange offer that is registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Old notes may only be tendered in denominations of $2,000 and in integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.

IF YOU DESIRE TO EXCHANGE YOUR OLD NOTES FOR AN EQUAL AGGREGATE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF NEW NOTES, YOU MUST VALIDLY TENDER (AND NOT VALIDLY

 

1


WITHDRAW) YOUR OLD NOTES TO THE EXCHANGE AGENT PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION DATE.

YOU MUST SIGN THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL WHERE INDICATED BELOW. PLEASE READ THE INSTRUCTIONS SET FORTH BELOW CAREFULLY BEFORE COMPLETING THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.

This letter of transmittal is to be completed by holders of the Issuer’s old notes if either certificates representing such notes are to be forwarded herewith or, unless an agent’s message is used, tenders of such notes are to be made by book-entry transfer to an account maintained by the exchange agent at The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) pursuant to the procedures set forth in the prospectus under the heading “The Exchange Offer—Procedures for Tendering Outstanding Notes.”

The undersigned has completed, executed and delivered this letter of transmittal to indicate the action the undersigned desires to take with respect to the exchange offer.

Holders that are tendering by book-entry transfer to the exchange agent’s account at DTC may execute the tender though the DTC Automated Tender Offer Program, for which the exchange offer is eligible. DTC participants that are tendering old notes pursuant to the exchange offer must transmit their acceptance through the Automated Tender Offer Program to DTC, which will edit and verify the acceptance and send an agent’s message to the exchange agent for its acceptance.

To properly complete this letter of transmittal, a holder of old notes must:

 

   

complete the table entitled “Description of Old Notes”;

 

   

if appropriate, check and complete the boxes relating to guaranteed delivery, Special Issuance Instructions and Special Delivery Instructions;

 

   

sign the letter of transmittal; and

 

   

complete the IRS Form W-9 (or provide an IRS Form W-8).

If a holder desires to tender old notes pursuant to the exchange offer and (1) certificates representing such old notes are not immediately available, (2) time will not permit this letter of transmittal, certificates representing such old notes or other required documents to reach the exchange agent prior to the Expiration Date, or (3) the procedures for book-entry transfer (including delivery of an agent’s message) cannot be completed prior to the Expiration Date, then such holder may nevertheless tender such old notes with the effect that such tender will be deemed to have been received prior to the Expiration Date if the guaranteed delivery procedures described in the prospectus under “The Exchange Offer—Guaranteed Delivery Procedures” are followed. See Instruction 1 below.

PLEASE READ THE ENTIRE LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL, INCLUDING THE INSTRUCTIONS, AND THE PROSPECTUS CAREFULLY BEFORE COMPLETING THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL OR CHECKING ANY BOX BELOW . The instructions included with this letter of transmittal must be followed. Questions and requests for assistance or for additional copies of the prospectus and this letter of transmittal, the Notice of Guaranteed Delivery and related documents may be directed to U.S. Bank National Association at the address and telephone number set forth on the cover page of this letter of transmittal. See Instruction 11 below.

 

2


List below the old notes to which this letter of transmittal relates. If the space provided is inadequate, list the certificate numbers and principal amounts on a separately executed schedule and affix the schedule to this letter of transmittal. Tenders of old notes will be accepted only in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF OLD NOTES

 

NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) OF REGISTERED HOLDER(S)
(PLEASE FILL IN)

   CERTIFICATE
NUMBER(S)*
   AGGREGATE
PRINCIPAL
AMOUNT
REPRESENTED**
     PRINCIPAL
AMOUNT
TENDERED**
 
      $         $     
      $         $     
      $         $     
      $         $     
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

TOTAL PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF OLD NOTES

      $         $     
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

* Need not be completed by holders delivering by book-entry transfer (see below).
** Unless otherwise indicated in the column “Principal Amount Tendered” and subject to the terms and conditions of the exchange offer, the holder will be deemed to have tendered the entire aggregate principal amount represented by each note listed above and delivered to the exchange agent. See Instruction 4.

 

3


PLEASE READ THIS ENTIRE LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

CAREFULLY BEFORE COMPLETING THE BOXES BELOW

 

¨ CHECK HERE IF CERTIFICATES FOR TENDERED OLD NOTES ARE ENCLOSED HEREWITH.

 

¨ CHECK HERE IF TENDERED OLD NOTES ARE BEING DELIVERED BY BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER MADE TO THE ACCOUNT MAINTAINED BY THE EXCHANGE AGENT WITH DTC AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING:

 Name of Tendering Institution:

  

 

 Account Number with DTC:

  

 

 Transaction Code Number:

  

 

 

¨ CHECK HERE AND ENCLOSE A PHOTOCOPY OF THE NOTICE OF GUARANTEED DELIVERY IF TENDERED OLD NOTES ARE BEING DELIVERED PURSUANT TO A NOTICE OF GUARANTEED DELIVERY PREVIOUSLY SENT TO THE EXCHANGE AGENT AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING:

 Name(s) of Registered Holder(s):

  

 

 Window Ticket Number(s) (if any):

  

 

 Date of Execution of the Notice of Guaranteed Delivery:

  

 

 Name of Eligible Institution that Guaranteed Delivery:

  

 

  If delivered by book-entry transfer, complete the following:

  

 Name of Tendering Institution:

  

 

 Account Number at DTC:

  

 

 Transaction Code Number:

  

 

 

¨ PLEASE FILL IN YOUR NAME AND ADDRESS BELOW IF YOU ARE A BROKER-DEALER AND WISH TO RECEIVE 10 ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THE PROSPECTUS AND 10 ADDITIONAL COPIES OF ANY AMENDMENTS OR SUPPLEMENTS THERETO.

 Name:

  

 

 Address:

  

 

 Telephone Number (Including Area Code):

  

 

NOTE: SIGNATURES MUST BE PROVIDED BELOW

 

4


PLEASE READ THE ACCOMPANYING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the exchange offer, the undersigned hereby tenders to William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (the “Issuer”), the principal amount of the Issuer’s outstanding privately placed 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 issued on October 24, 2013 (the “old notes”) described above. Subject to, and effective upon, the acceptance for exchange of the old notes tendered herewith, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers to, or upon the order of, the Issuer all right, title and interest in and to such old notes.

The undersigned hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints the exchange agent as the true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact of the undersigned (with full knowledge that the exchange agent also acts as the agent of the Issuer and as trustee under the indenture relating to the old notes) with respect to such tendered old notes, with full power of substitution and resubstitution (such power of attorney being deemed to be an irrevocable power coupled with an interest), subject only to the right of withdrawal described in the prospectus, to (1) deliver certificates representing such tendered old notes, or transfer ownership of such notes, on the account books maintained by The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), and to deliver all accompanying evidence of transfer and authenticity to, or upon the order of, the Issuer upon receipt by the exchange agent, as the undersigned’s agent, of the Issuer’s new 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “new notes”) to which the undersigned is entitled upon the acceptance by the Issuer of such old notes for exchange pursuant to the exchange offer, (2) receive all benefits and otherwise to exercise all rights of beneficial ownership of such old notes, all in accordance with the terms and conditions of the exchange offer, and (3) present such old notes for transfer, and transfer such old notes, on the relevant security register.

The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that the undersigned (1) owns the old notes tendered and is entitled to tender such notes and (2) has full power and authority to tender, sell, exchange, assign and transfer the old notes and to acquire new notes issuable upon the exchange of such tendered old notes and that, when the same are accepted for exchange, the Issuer will acquire good, marketable and unencumbered title to the tendered old notes, free and clear of all liens, restrictions, charges and encumbrances and not subject to any adverse claim or right or restriction or proxy of any kind. The undersigned also warrants that it will, upon request, execute and deliver any additional documents deemed by the exchange agent or the Issuer to be necessary or desirable to complete the sale, exchange, assignment and transfer of tendered old notes or to transfer ownership of such old notes on the account books maintained by DTC. The undersigned agrees to all of the terms of the exchange offer, as described in the prospectus and this letter of transmittal.

Tenders of the old notes pursuant to any one of the procedures described in the prospectus under the caption “The Exchange Offer—Procedures for Tendering Outstanding Notes” and in the instructions to this letter of transmittal will, upon the Issuer’s acceptance of the old notes for exchange, constitute a binding agreement between the undersigned and the Issuer in accordance with the terms and subject to the conditions of the exchange offer.

The exchange offer is subject to the conditions set forth in the prospectus under the caption “The Exchange Offer—Conditions to the Exchange Offer.” As a result of these conditions (which may be waived, in whole or in part, by the Issuer), as more particularly set forth in the prospectus, the Issuer may not be required to exchange any of the old notes tendered by this letter of transmittal, and, in such event, the old notes not exchanged will be returned to the undersigned at the address shown below the signature of the undersigned.

 

5


By tendering old notes and executing this letter of transmittal, the undersigned hereby represents and warrants that:

(1) the undersigned or any beneficial owner of the old notes is acquiring the new notes in the ordinary course of business of the undersigned (or such beneficial owner);

(2) neither the undersigned nor any beneficial owner is engaging in or intends to engage in a distribution of the old notes within the meaning of the federal securities laws;

(3) neither the undersigned nor any beneficial owner has (and, at the time the exchange offer is consummated, neither will have) an arrangement or understanding with any person or entity to participate in a distribution of the old notes;

(4) neither the undersigned nor any beneficial owner is an “affiliate,” as such term is defined under Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act, of the Issuer. Upon request by the Issuer, the undersigned or such beneficial owner will deliver to the Issuer a legal opinion confirming it is not such an affiliate;

(5) the undersigned and each beneficial owner acknowledges and agrees that any person who is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or is participating in the exchange offer for the purpose of distributing the new notes, must comply with the registration and prospectus-delivery requirements of the Securities Act in connection with a secondary resale transaction of the new notes or interests therein acquired by such person and cannot rely on the position of the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) set forth in certain no-action letters;

(6) a secondary resale transaction described in clause (5) above and any resales of new notes or interests therein obtained by such holder in exchange for old notes or interests therein originally acquired by such holder directly from the Issuer should be covered by an effective registration statement containing the selling security holder information required by Item 507 or Item 508, as applicable, of Regulation S-K or the SEC; and

(7) the undersigned is not acting on behalf of any person or entity who could not truthfully make the foregoing representations.

If the undersigned is a broker-dealer that will receive new notes for its own account in exchange for old notes, it represents that the old notes to be exchanged for the new notes were acquired by it for its own account as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities and acknowledges that it will deliver a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any resale of such new notes; however, by so acknowledging and delivering a prospectus, the undersigned will not be deemed to admit that it is an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act. If the undersigned is a broker-dealer and old notes held for its own account were not acquired as a result of market-making or other trading activities, such old notes cannot be exchanged pursuant to the exchange offer.

All authority herein conferred or agreed to be conferred shall not be affected by, and shall survive, the death, bankruptcy or incapacity of the undersigned, and every obligation of the undersigned hereunder shall be binding upon the heirs, personal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, assigns, trustees in bankruptcy and other legal representatives of the undersigned.

Tendered old notes may be withdrawn at any time prior to midnight, New York City time, in the evening of             ,        , or such later time to which the Issuer may extend the exchange offer.

 

6


Unless otherwise indicated herein under the box entitled “Special Issuance Instructions” below, new notes, and old notes not tendered or accepted for exchange, will be issued in the name of the undersigned. Similarly, unless otherwise indicated under the box entitled “Special Delivery Instructions” below, new notes, and old notes delivered to the exchange agent but not tendered or accepted for exchange, will be delivered to the undersigned at the address shown below the signature of the undersigned. In the case of a book-entry delivery of new notes, the exchange agent will credit the account maintained by DTC with any old notes delivered to the exchange agent but not tendered. The Issuer has no obligation pursuant to the “Special Issuance Instructions” to transfer any tendered old notes from the name of the registered holder thereof if the Issuer does not accept for exchange any of the principal amount of such old notes so tendered.

The new notes will bear interest from the date of original issuance of the old notes or, if interest has already been paid on the old notes, from the date interest was most recently paid. Interest on the old notes accepted for exchange will cease to accrue upon the issuance of the new notes.

 

7


PLEASE SIGN HERE

(To Be Completed By All Tendering Holders of Old Notes)

This letter of transmittal must be signed by the registered holder(s) of old notes exactly as their name(s) appear(s) on certificate(s) for old notes or on a security position listing, or by person(s) authorized to become registered holder(s) by endorsements and documents transmitted with this letter of transmittal, including such opinions of counsel, certifications and other information as may be required by the Issuer or the trustee for the old notes to comply with the restrictions on transfer applicable to the old notes. If the signature is by a trustee, executor, administrator, guardian, attorney-in-fact, officer or other person acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, such person must set forth his or her full title below under “Capacity” and submit evidence satisfactory to the exchange agent of such person’s authority to so act. See Instruction 5 below. If the signature appearing below is not of the registered holder(s) of the old notes, then the registered holder(s) must sign and deliver to the exchange agent a valid power of attorney.

 

X   

 

X   

 

Signature(s) of Holder(s) or Authorized Signatory
Dated:                      ,
Name(s):   

 

Capacity:   

 

Address:   

 

 

(Zip Code)
Area Code and Telephone No.:   

 

GUARANTEE OF SIGNATURE(S)

(If required — see Instructions 2 and 5 below)

Certain Signatures Must Be Guaranteed by a Signature Guarantor

 

 

(Name of Signature Guarantor Guaranteeing Signatures)

 

(Address (including zip code) and Telephone Number (including area code) of Firm)

 

(Authorized Signature)

 

(Print Name)

 

(Title)
Dated:                      ,

 

8


SPECIAL ISSUANCE INSTRUCTIONS

(See Instructions 4 through 7)

To be completed ONLY if (1) certificates for old notes in a principal amount not tendered are to be issued in the name of, or new notes issued pursuant to the exchange offer are to be issued in the name of, someone other than the person or persons whose name(s) appear(s) within this letter of transmittal or issued to an address different from that shown in the table entitled “Description of Old Notes” within this letter of transmittal, (2) old notes not tendered, but represented by certificates tendered by this letter of transmittal, are to be returned by credit to an account maintained at DTC other than the account indicated above or (3) new notes issued pursuant to the exchange offer are to be issued by book-entry transfer to an account maintained at DTC other than the account indicated above.

Issue:

 

¨   New notes, to:

 

 

¨   Old notes, to:

 

 

Name(s):  

 

Address:  

 

Telephone Number (Including Area Code):  

 

 

(Tax Identification or Social Security Number)
DTC Account Number:  

 

 

SPECIAL DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS

(See Instructions 4 through 7)

To be completed ONLY if certificates for old notes in a principal amount not tendered, or new notes, are to be sent to someone other than the person or persons whose name(s) appear(s) within this letter of transmittal to an address different from that shown in the table entitled “Description of Old Notes” within this letter of transmittal.

Deliver:

 

¨   New notes, to:

 

 

¨   Old notes, to:

 

 

Name(s):  

 

Address:  

 

Telephone Number (Including Area Code):  

 

 

(Tax Identification or Social Security Number)

 

9


Is this a permanent address change? (check one box)

 

¨   Yes

 

¨   No

 

10


INSTRUCTIONS TO LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

(Forming part of the terms and conditions of the Exchange Offer)

1. DELIVERY OF THE LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL AND OLD NOTES . The letter of transmittal is to be completed by holders of the Issuer’s outstanding privately placed 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 issued on October 24, 2013 (the “old notes”) if certificates representing such old notes are to be forwarded herewith, or, unless an agent’s message is used, if tender is to be made by book-entry transfer to the account maintained by DTC, pursuant to the procedures set forth in the prospectus under “The Exchange Offer—Procedures for Tendering Outstanding Notes.” For a holder to properly tender old notes pursuant to the exchange offer, a properly completed and duly executed letter of transmittal (or a manually signed facsimile thereof), together with any signature guarantees and any other documents required by these Instructions, or a properly transmitted agent’s message in the case of a book entry transfer, must be received by the exchange agent at its address set forth herein prior to the Expiration Date, and either (1) certificates representing such old notes must be received by the exchange agent at its address, or (2) such old notes must be transferred pursuant to the procedures for book-entry transfer described in the prospectus under “The Exchange Offer—Book-Entry Delivery Procedures” and a book-entry confirmation must be received by the exchange agent prior to the Expiration Date. A holder who desires to tender old notes and who cannot comply with procedures set forth herein for tender on a timely basis or whose old notes are not immediately available must comply with the guaranteed delivery procedures discussed below.

THE METHOD OF DELIVERY OF THE LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL, THE OLD NOTES AND ALL OTHER REQUIRED DOCUMENTS TO THE EXCHANGE AGENT IS AT THE ELECTION AND SOLE RISK OF THE HOLDER, AND DELIVERY WILL BE DEEMED TO BE MADE ONLY WHEN ACTUALLY RECEIVED BY THE EXCHANGE AGENT. INSTEAD OF DELIVERY BY MAIL, HOLDERS SHOULD USE AN OVERNIGHT OR HAND DELIVERY SERVICE. IN ALL CASES, HOLDERS SHOULD ALLOW FOR SUFFICIENT TIME TO ENSURE DELIVERY TO THE EXCHANGE AGENT BEFORE THE EXPIRATION OF THE EXCHANGE OFFER AND PROPER INSURANCE SHOULD BE OBTAINED. HOLDERS MAY REQUEST THEIR BROKER, DEALER, COMMERCIAL BANK, TRUST COMPANY OR NOMINEE TO EFFECT THESE TRANSACTIONS FOR SUCH HOLDER. HOLDERS SHOULD NOT SEND ANY OLD NOTE, LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL OR OTHER REQUIRED DOCUMENTS TO THE ISSUER.

If a holder desires to tender old notes pursuant to the exchange offer and (1) certificates representing such old notes are not immediately available, (2) time will not permit such holder’s letter of transmittal, certificates representing such old notes or other required documents to reach the exchange agent prior to the Expiration Date, or (3) the procedures for book-entry transfer (including delivery of an agent’s message) cannot be completed prior to the Expiration Date, then such holder may nevertheless tender such old notes with the effect that such tender will be deemed to have been received prior to the Expiration Date if the guaranteed delivery procedures set forth in the prospectus under “The Exchange Offer—Guaranteed Delivery Procedures” are followed. Pursuant to such procedures, (1) the tender must be made by or through an eligible guarantor institution (as defined below), (2) a properly completed and duly executed notice of guaranteed delivery, substantially in the form provided by the Issuer herewith, or an agent’s message with respect to a guaranteed delivery that is accepted by the Issuer, must be received by the exchange agent prior to the Expiration Date and (3) the certificates for the tendered old notes, in proper form for transfer (or a book-entry confirmation of the transfer of such old notes into the exchange agent’s account at DTC as described in the prospectus), together with a letter of transmittal (or manually signed facsimile thereof), properly completed and duly executed, with any required signature guarantees and any other documents required by the letter of transmittal, or a properly transmitted agent’s message, must be received by the exchange agent within three New York Stock Exchange trading days after the Expiration Date.

 

11


The notice of guaranteed delivery may be delivered by hand or transmitted by facsimile or mail to the exchange agent and must include a guarantee by an eligible guarantor institution in the form set forth in the notice of guaranteed delivery. For old notes to be properly tendered pursuant to the guaranteed delivery procedure, the exchange agent must receive a notice of guaranteed delivery prior to the Expiration Date. As used herein and in the prospectus, an “eligible institution” is an “eligible guarantor institution” meeting the requirements of the registrar for the old notes and “new notes” (as defined below, and, together with the old notes, the “notes”), which requirements include membership or participation in the Security Transfer Agents Medallion Program, or STAMP, or such other “signature guarantee program” as may be determined by the registrar for the notes in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP, all in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

2. GUARANTEE OF SIGNATURES . Signatures on the letter of transmittal must be guaranteed by a member of or participant in STAMP, the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. Medallion Signature Program or the Stock Exchange Medallion Program or by an eligible guarantor institution unless the old notes tendered hereby are tendered (1) by a registered holder of old notes (or by a participant in DTC whose name appears on a security position listing as the owner of such old notes) who has signed the letter of transmittal and who has not checked any of the boxes under the captions “Special Issuance Instructions” or “Special Delivery Instructions” on the letter of transmittal, or (2) for the account of an eligible guarantor institution. If the old notes are registered in the name of a person other than the signer of the letter of transmittal or if old notes not tendered are to be returned to, or are to be issued to the order of, a person other than the registered holder or if old notes not tendered are to be sent to someone other than the registered holder, then the signature on the letter of transmittal accompanying the tendered old notes must be guaranteed as described above. Beneficial owners whose old notes are registered in the name of a broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee must contact such broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee if they desire to tender old notes. See “The Exchange Offer—Procedures for Tendering Outstanding Notes” in the prospectus.

3. WITHDRAWAL OF TENDERS . Tenders of old notes may be withdrawn at any time prior to the Expiration Date. For a withdrawal of tendered old notes to be effective, a written, telegraphic or facsimile transmission notice of withdrawal must be received by the exchange agent prior to the Expiration Date at its address set forth on the cover of the letter of transmittal. The notice of withdrawal must (1) specify the name of the person who tendered the old notes to be withdrawn, (2) identify the old notes to be withdrawn, including the certificate number(s) shown on the particular certificate(s) evidencing such old notes (unless such old notes were tendered by book-entry transfer), the aggregate principal amount represented by such old notes and the name of the registered holder of such old notes, if different from that of the person who tendered such old notes, (3) be signed by the holder of such old notes in the same manner as the original signature on the letter of transmittal by which such old notes were tendered (including any required signature guarantees) or be accompanied by (i) documents of transfer sufficient to have the trustee register the transfer of the old notes into the name of the person withdrawing such notes, and (ii) a properly completed irrevocable proxy authorizing such person to effect such withdrawal on behalf of such holder (unless the old notes were tendered by book entry transfer), and (4) specify the name in which any such old notes are to be registered, if different from that of the registered holder. If the old notes were tendered pursuant to the procedures for book-entry transfer set forth in “The Exchange Offer—Book-Entry Delivery Procedures” in the prospectus, the notice of withdrawal must specify the name and number of the account at DTC to be credited with the withdrawal of old notes and must otherwise comply with the procedures of DTC. If the old notes to be withdrawn have been delivered or otherwise identified to the exchange agent, a signed notice of withdrawal is effective immediately upon the exchange agent’s receipt of written or facsimile notice of such withdrawal satisfying the requirements set forth above, even if physical release is not yet effected.

 

12


No permitted withdrawal of old notes may be rescinded. Any old notes properly withdrawn will thereafter be deemed not validly tendered for purposes of the exchange offer. However, properly withdrawn old notes may be re-tendered by following one of the procedures described in the prospectus under the caption “The Exchange Offer—Procedures for Tendering Outstanding Notes” at any time prior to the Expiration Date.

All questions as to the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) of such withdrawal notices will be determined by the Issuer, in its reasonable discretion, which determination shall be final and binding on all parties. Neither the Issuer, any affiliates of the Issuer, the exchange agent nor any other person shall be under any duty to give any notification of any defects or irregularities in any notice of withdrawal or incur any liability for failure to give any such notification.

4. PARTIAL TENDERS . Tenders of old notes pursuant to the exchange offer will be accepted only in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. If less than the entire principal amount of any old notes evidenced by a submitted certificate is tendered, the tendering holder must fill in the principal amount tendered in the last column of the table entitled “Description of Old Notes” in the letter of transmittal. The entire principal amount represented by the certificates for all old notes delivered to the exchange agent will be deemed to have been tendered unless otherwise indicated. If the entire principal amount of all old notes held by the holder is not tendered, new certificates for the principal amount of old notes not tendered and the Issuer’s new 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “new notes”) issued in exchange for any old notes tendered and accepted will be sent (or, if tendered by book-entry transfer, credited to the account at DTC designated herein) to the holder unless otherwise provided in the appropriate box on the letter of transmittal (see Instruction 6), as soon as practicable following the Expiration Date.

5. SIGNATURE ON THE LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL; BOND POWERS AND ENDORSEMENTS; GUARANTEE OF SIGNATURES . If the letter of transmittal is signed by the registered holder(s) of the old notes tendered hereby, the signature must correspond exactly with the name(s) as written on the face of certificates without alteration, enlargement or change whatsoever. If the letter of transmittal is signed by a participant in DTC whose name is shown as the owner of the old notes tendered hereby, the signature must correspond with the name shown on the security position listing the owner of the old notes.

If any of the old notes tendered hereby are owned of record by two or more joint owners, all such owners must sign the letter of transmittal.

If any tendered old notes are registered in different names on several certificates, it will be necessary to complete, sign and submit as many copies of the letter of transmittal and any necessary accompanying documents as there are different names in which certificates are held.

If the letter of transmittal is signed by the holder, and the certificates for any principal amount of old notes delivered to the exchange agent but not tendered are to be issued (or if any principal amount of such old notes is to be reissued or returned) to or, if tendered by book-entry transfer, credited to the DTC account of the registered holder, and new notes exchanged for old notes in connection with the exchange offer are to be issued to the order of the registered holder, then the registered holder need not endorse any certificates for tendered old notes nor provide a separate bond power. In any other case (including if the letter of transmittal is not signed by the registered holder), the registered holder must either properly endorse the certificates for old notes tendered or transmit a separate properly completed bond power with the letter of transmittal (in either case, executed exactly as the name(s) of the registered holder(s) appear(s) on such old notes, and, with respect to a participant in DTC whose name appears on a security position listing as the owner of old notes, exactly as the name(s) of the participant(s) appear(s) on such security position listing), with the signature on the endorsement or bond power guaranteed by a signature guarantor or an eligible guarantor institution,

 

13


unless such certificates or bond powers are executed by an eligible guarantor institution, and must also be accompanied by such opinions of counsel, certifications and other information as the Issuer or the trustee for the original old notes may require in accordance with the restrictions on transfer applicable to the old notes. See Instruction 2.

Endorsements on certificates for old notes and signatures on bond powers provided in accordance with this Instruction 5 by registered holders not executing the letter of transmittal must be guaranteed by an eligible institution. See Instruction 2.

If the letter of transmittal or any certificates representing old notes or bond powers are signed by trustees, executors, administrators, guardians, attorneys-in-fact, officers of corporations or others acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, such persons should so indicate when signing, and proper evidence satisfactory to the exchange agent, in its sole discretion, of their authority so to act must be submitted with the letter of transmittal.

6. SPECIAL ISSUANCE AND SPECIAL DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS. Tendering holders should indicate in the applicable box or boxes the name and address to which old notes for principal amounts not tendered or new notes exchanged for old notes pursuant to the exchange offer are to be issued or sent, if different from the name and address of the holder signing the letter of transmittal. In the case of issuance in a different name, the taxpayer-identification number of the person named must also be indicated. Holders tendering by book-entry transfer may request that old notes delivered to the exchange agent but not exchanged be credited to such account maintained at DTC as such holder may designate. If no instructions are given, old notes delivered to the exchange agent but not tendered will be returned to the registered holder of such old notes. For holders of old notes tendered by book-entry transfer, old notes delivered to the exchange agent but not tendered will be returned by crediting the account at DTC designated in the letter of transmittal.

7. TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER AND IRS FORM W-9. Each tendering holder should provide the exchange agent with its correct taxpayer identification number, which, in the case of a holder who is an individual, is his or her social security number. If the exchange agent is not provided with the correct taxpayer identification number or an adequate basis for an exemption, the holder may be subject to backup withholding in an amount equal to up to 28% of any reportable payments made with respect to the notes and a $50 penalty imposed by the Internal Revenue Service. If withholding results in an over-payment of taxes, a refund may be obtained.

To prevent backup withholding on any reportable payments, each holder must provide such holder’s correct taxpayer identification number by completing the IRS Form W-9 set forth herein, certifying that the taxpayer identification number provided is correct (or that such holder is awaiting a taxpayer identification number), and that (1) such holder is exempt from backup withholding, (2) such holder has not been notified by the Internal Revenue Service that such holder is subject to backup withholding as a result of failure to report all interest or dividends or (3) the Internal Revenue Service has notified the holder that such holder is no longer subject to backup withholding. See the instructions to the enclosed IRS Form W-9.

Certain holders (including, among others, certain non-U.S. individuals) are exempt from these backup withholding and reporting requirements. To prevent possible erroneous backup withholding, an exempt holder that is a U.S. person (as defined in the instructions to the IRS Form W-9) should provide its correct taxpayer identification number and check the “Exempt payee” box on the IRS Form W-9. In order for a non-U.S. person to qualify as exempt, such person must submit an appropriate IRS Form W-8. IRS Forms W-8 may be obtained from the Internal Revenue Service’s website at www.irs.gov or from the exchange agent.

 

14


The Issuer reserves the right in its sole discretion to take whatever steps are necessary to comply with its obligation regarding backup withholding.

8. TRANSFER TAXES . The Issuer will pay all transfer taxes, if any, required to be paid by the Issuer in connection with the exchange of the old notes for the new notes. If, however, new notes, or old notes for principal amounts not tendered or accepted for exchange, are to be delivered to, or are to be issued in the name of, any person other than the registered holder of the old notes tendered, or if a transfer tax is imposed for any reason other than the exchange of the old notes in connection with the exchange offer, then the amount of any transfer tax (whether imposed on the registered holder or any other persons) will be payable by the tendering holder. If satisfactory evidence of payment of the transfer taxes or an exemption therefrom is not submitted with the letter of transmittal, the amount of such transfer taxes will be billed directly to the tendering holder.

9. MUTILATED, LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED OLD NOTES . If any certificate representing old notes has been mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the holder should promptly contact the exchange agent at the address indicated in the letter of transmittal. The holder will then be instructed as to the steps that must be taken in order to replace the certificate. The letter of transmittal and related documents cannot be processed until the procedures for replacing mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed certificates have been followed.

10. IRREGULARITIES . All questions as to the validity, form, eligibility, time of receipt, acceptance and withdrawal of any tenders of old notes pursuant to the procedures described in the prospectus and the form and validity of all documents will be determined by the Issuer, in its reasonable discretion, which determination shall be final and binding on all parties. The Issuer reserves the absolute right, in its sole and absolute discretion, to reject any or all tenders of any old notes determined by it not to be in proper form or the acceptance of which may, in the opinion of the Issuer’s counsel, be unlawful. The Issuer also reserves the absolute right, in its sole discretion subject to applicable law, to waive or amend any of the conditions of the exchange offer for all holders of old notes or to waive any defects or irregularities of tender for any old notes. The Issuer’s interpretations of the terms and conditions of the exchange offer (including, without limitation, the instructions in the letter of transmittal) shall be final and binding. No alternative, conditional or contingent tenders will be accepted. Unless waived, any irregularities in connection with tenders must be cured within such time as the Issuer shall determine. Each tendering holder, by execution of a letter of transmittal (or a manually signed facsimile thereof), waives any right to receive any notice of the acceptance of such tender. Tenders of such old notes shall not be deemed to have been made until such irregularities have been cured or waived. Any old notes received by the exchange agent that are not properly tendered and as to which the irregularities have not been cured or waived will be returned by the exchange agent to the tendering holders promptly following the Expiration Date. None of the Issuer, any of its affiliates, the exchange agent or any other person will be under any duty to give notification of any defects or irregularities in such tenders or will incur any liability to holders for failure to give such notification.

11. REQUESTS FOR ASSISTANCE OR ADDITIONAL COPIES . Questions relating to the procedure for tendering, as well as requests for assistance or additional copies of the prospectus, the letter of transmittal and the notice of guaranteed delivery may be directed to the exchange agent at the address and telephone number set forth in the letter of transmittal. Holders may also contact their broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee for assistance concerning the exchange offer.

IMPORTANT: THE LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL OR A FACSIMILE THEREOF (TOGETHER WITH CERTIFICATES FOR OLD NOTES OR A BOOK-ENTRY-CONFIRMATION AND ALL OTHER REQUIRED DOCUMENTS) OR A NOTICE OF GUARANTEED DELIVERY MUST BE RECEIVED BY THE EXCHANGE AGENT PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION DATE.

 

15


 

Form W-9

(Rev. December 2011)

Department of the Treasury  

Internal Revenue Service

  

Request for Taxpayer

Identification Number and Certification

 

 

Give form to the requester. Do not
send to the IRS.

 

Print or type

See

Specific Instructions

on page 2.

 

     

 

Name (as shown on your income tax return)

 

                             
   

 

Business name/disregarded entity name, if different from above

 

                             
     

 

Check appropriate box for federal tax classification:

 

                   
      ¨   Individual/sole proprietor       ¨   C Corporation       ¨   S Corporation       ¨   Partnership       ¨   Trust/estate         ¨   Exempt payee
      ¨  

Limited liability company. Enter the tax classification

(C=C corporation, S=S corporation, P=partnership)   u _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

             
     

 

¨

  Other  (see instructions)   u                            
       

 

Address (number, street, and apt or suite no.)

 

       

 

    Requester’s name and address (optional)        

       

 

City, state, and ZIP code

 

         
       

 

List account number(s) here (optional)

 

           
Part I    Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN)

Enter your TIN in the appropriate box. The TIN provided must match the name given on the “Name” line to avoid backup withholding. For individuals, this is your social security number (SSN). However, for a resident alien, sole proprietor, or disregarded entity, see the Part I instructions on page 3. For other entities, it is your employer identification number (EIN). If you do not have a number, see How to get a TIN on page 3.

 

Social security number

 

 

 

Note. If the account is in more than one name, see the chart on page 4 for guidelines on whose number to enter.

 

 

Employer identification number

                   
Part II    Certification

Under penalties of perjury, I certify that:

 

1.   The number shown on this form is my correct taxpayer identification number (or I am waiting for a number to be issued to me), and

 

2.   I am not subject to backup withholding because: (a) I am exempt from backup withholding, or (b) I have not been notified by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that I am subject to backup withholding as a result of a failure to report all interest or dividends, or (c) the IRS has notified me that I am no longer subject to backup withholding, and

 

3.   I am a U.S. citizen or other U.S. person (defined below).

Certification instructions. You must cross out item 2 above if you have been notified by the IRS that you are currently subject to backup withholding because you have failed to report all interest and dividends on your tax return. For real estate transactions, item 2 does not apply. For mortgage interest paid, acquisition or abandonment of secured property, cancellation of debt, contributions to an individual retirement arrangement (IRA), and generally, payments other than interest and dividends, you are not required to sign the certification, but you must provide your correct TIN. See the instructions on page 4.

 

Sign    
Here    
   Signature of
U.S. person  
u
     Date   u

General Instructions

Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless otherwise noted.

Purpose of Form

A person who is required to file an information return with the IRS must obtain your correct taxpayer identification number (TIN) to report, for example, income paid to you, real estate transactions, mortgage interest you paid, acquisition or abandonment of secured property, cancellation of debt, or contributions you made to an IRA.

Use Form W-9 only if you are a U.S. person (including a resident alien), to provide your correct TIN to the person requesting it (the requester) and, when applicable, to:

1. Certify that the TIN you are giving is correct (or you are waiting for a number to be issued),

2. Certify that you are not subject to backup withholding, or

3. Claim exemption from backup withholding if you are a U.S. exempt payee. If applicable, you are also certifying that as a U.S. person, your allocable share of any partnership income from a U.S. trade or business is not subject to the withholding tax on foreign partners’ share of effectively connected income.

Note. If a requester gives you a form other than Form W-9 to request your TIN, you must use the requester’s form if it is substantially similar to this Form W-9.

Definition of a U.S. person. For federal tax purposes, you are considered a U.S. person if you are:

 

 

An individual who is a U.S. citizen or U.S. resident alien,

 

 

A partnership, corporation, company, or association created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States,

 

 

An estate (other than a foreign estate), or

 

 

A domestic trust (as defined in Regulations section 301.7701-7).

Special rules for partnerships. Partnerships that conduct a trade or business in the United States are generally required to pay a withholding tax on any foreign partners’ share of income from such business. Further, in certain cases where a Form W-9 has not been received, a partnership is required to presume that a partner is a foreign person, and pay the withholding tax. Therefore, if you are a U.S. person that is a partner in a partnership conducting a trade or business in the United States, provide Form W-9 to the partnership to establish your U.S. status and avoid withholding on your share of partnership income.

 


The person who gives Form W-9 to the partnership for purposes of establishing its U.S. status and avoiding withholding on its allocable share of net income from the partnership conducting a trade or business in the United States is in the following cases:

 

 

The U.S. owner of a disregarded entity and not the entity,

 

 

The U.S. grantor or other owner of a grantor trust and not the trust, and

 

 

The U.S. trust (other than a grantor trust) and not the beneficiaries of the trust.

Foreign person. If you are a foreign person, do not use Form W-9. Instead, use the appropriate Form W-8 (see Publication 515, Withholding of Tax on Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Entities).

Nonresident alien who becomes a resident alien. Generally, only a nonresident alien individual may use the terms of a tax treaty to reduce or eliminate U.S. tax on certain types of income. However, most tax treaties contain a provision known as a “saving clause.” Exceptions specified in the saving clause may permit an exemption from tax to continue for certain types of income even after the payee has otherwise become a U.S. resident alien for tax purposes.

If you are a U.S. resident alien who is relying on an exception contained in the saving clause of a tax treaty to claim an exemption from U.S. tax on certain types of income, you must attach a statement to Form W-9 that specifies the following five items:

1. The treaty country. Generally, this must be the same treaty under which you claimed exemption from tax as a nonresident alien.

2. The treaty article addressing the income.

3. The article number (or location) in the tax treaty that contains the saving clause and its exceptions.

4. The type and amount of income that qualifies for the exemption from tax.

5. Sufficient facts to justify the exemption from tax under the terms of the treaty article.

Example. Article 20 of the U.S.-China income tax treaty allows an exemption from tax for scholarship income received by a Chinese student temporarily present in the United States. Under U.S. law, this student will become a resident alien for tax purposes if his or her stay in the United States exceeds 5 calendar years. However, paragraph 2 of the first Protocol to the U.S.-China treaty (dated April 30, 1984) allows the provisions of Article 20 to continue to apply even after the Chinese student becomes a resident alien of the United States. A Chinese student who qualifies for this exception (under paragraph 2 of the first protocol) and is relying on this exception to claim an exemption from tax on his or her scholarship or fellowship income would attach to Form W-9 a statement that includes the information described above to support that exemption.

If you are a nonresident alien or a foreign entity not subject to backup withholding, give the requester the appropriate completed Form W-8.

What is backup withholding? Persons making certain payments to you must under certain conditions withhold and pay to the IRS a percentage of such payments. This is called “backup withholding.” Payments that may be subject to backup withholding include interest, tax-exempt interest, dividends, broker and barter exchange transactions, rents, royalties, nonemployee pay, and certain payments from fishing boat operators. Real estate transactions are not subject to backup withholding.

You will not be subject to backup withholding on payments you receive if you give the requester your correct TIN, make the proper certifications, and report all your taxable interest and dividends on your tax return.

Payments you receive will be subject to backup withholding if:

1. You do not furnish your TIN to the requester,

2. You do not certify your TIN when required (see the Part II instructions on page 3 for details),

3. The IRS tells the requester that you furnished an incorrect TIN,

4. The IRS tells you that you are subject to backup withholding because you did not report all your interest and dividends on your tax return (for reportable interest and dividends only), or

5. You do not certify to the requester that you are not subject to backup withholding under 4 above (for reportable interest and dividend accounts opened after 1983 only).

Certain payees and payments are exempt from backup withholding. See the instructions below and the separate Instructions for the Requester of Form W-9.

Also see Special rules for partnerships on page 1.

Updating Your Information

You must provide updated information to any person to whom you claimed to be an exempt payee if you are no longer an exempt payee and anticipate receiving reportable payments in the future from this person. For example, you may need to provide updated information if you are a C corporation that elects to be an S corporation, or if you no longer are tax exempt. In addition, you must furnish a new Form W-9 if the name or TIN changes for the account, for example, if the grantor of a grantor trust dies.

Penalties

Failure to furnish TIN. If you fail to furnish your correct TIN to a requester, you are subject to a penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect.

Civil penalty for false information with respect to withholding. If you make a false statement with no reasonable basis that results in no backup withholding, you are subject to a $500 penalty.

Criminal penalty for falsifying information. Willfully falsifying certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including fines and/or imprisonment.

Misuse of TINs. If the requester discloses or uses TINs in violation of federal law, the requester may be subject to civil and criminal penalties.

Specific Instructions

Name

If you are an individual, you must generally enter the name shown on your income tax return. However, if you have changed your last name, for instance, due to marriage without informing the Social Security Administration of the name change, enter your first name, the last name shown on your social security card, and your new last name.

If the account is in joint names, list first, and then circle, the name of the person or entity whose number you entered in Part I of the form.

Sole proprietor. Enter your individual name as shown on your income tax return on the “Name” line. You may enter your business, trade, or “doing business as (DBA)” name on the “Business name/disregarded entity name” line.

Partnership, C Corporation, or S Corporation. Enter the entity’s name on the “Name” line and any business, trade, or “doing business as (DBA) name” on the “Business name/disregarded entity name” line.

Disregarded entity. Enter the owner’s name on the “Name” line. The name of the entity entered on the “Name” line should never be a disregarded entity. The name on the “Name” line must be the name shown on the income tax return on which the income will be reported. For example, if a foreign LLC that is treated as a disregarded entity for U.S. federal tax purposes has a domestic owner, the domestic owner’s name is required to be provided on the “Name” line. If the direct owner of the entity is also a disregarded entity, enter the first owner that is not disregarded for federal tax purposes. Enter the disregarded entity’s name on the “Business name/disregarded entity name” line. If the owner of the disregarded entity is a foreign person, you must complete an appropriate Form W-8.

Note. Check the appropriate box for the federal tax classification of the person whose name is entered on the “Name” line (Individual/sole proprietor, Partnership, C Corporation, S Corporation, Trust/estate).

Limited Liability Company (LLC). If the person identified on the “Name” line is an LLC, check the “Limited liability company” box only and enter the appropriate code for the tax classification in the space provided. If you are an LLC that is treated as a partnership for federal tax purposes, enter “P” for partnership. If you are an LLC that has filed a Form 8832 or a Form 2553 to be taxed as a corporation, enter “C” for C corporation or “S” for S corporation. If you are an LLC that is disregarded as an entity separate from its owner under Regulation section 301.7701-3 (except for employment and excise tax), do not check the LLC box unless the owner of the LLC (required to be identified on the “Name” line) is another LLC that is not disregarded for federal tax purposes. If the LLC is disregarded as an entity separate from its owner, enter the appropriate tax classification of the owner identified on the “Name” line.

 


Other entities. Enter your business name as shown on required federal tax documents on the “Name” line. This name should match the name shown on the charter or other legal document creating the entity. You may enter any business, trade, or DBA name on the “Business name/ disregarded entity name” line.

Exempt Payee

If you are exempt from backup withholding, enter your name as described above and check the appropriate box for your status, then check the “Exempt payee” box in the line following the “Business name/disregarded entity name,” sign and date the form.

Generally, individuals (including sole proprietors) are not exempt from backup withholding. Corporations are exempt from backup withholding for certain payments, such as interest and dividends.

Note. If you are exempt from backup withholding, you should still complete this form to avoid possible erroneous backup withholding.

The following payees are exempt from backup withholding:

1. An organization exempt from tax under section 501(a), any IRA, or a custodial account under section 403(b)(7) if the account satisfies the requirements of section 401(f)(2),

2. The United States or any of its agencies or instrumentalities,

3. A state, the District of Columbia, a possession of the United States, or any of their political subdivisions or instrumentalities,

4. A foreign government or any of its political subdivisions, agencies, or instrumentalities, or

5. An international organization or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.

Other payees that may be exempt from backup withholding include:

6. A corporation,

7. A foreign central bank of issue,

8. A dealer in securities or commodities required to register in the United States, the District of Columbia, or a possession of the United States,

9. A futures commission merchant registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission,

10. A real estate investment trust,

11. An entity registered at all times during the tax year under the Investment Company Act of 1940,

12. A common trust fund operated by a bank under section 584(a),

13. A financial institution,

14. A middleman known in the investment community as a nominee or custodian, or

15. A trust exempt from tax under section 664 or described in section 4947.

The following chart shows types of payments that may be exempt from backup withholding. The chart applies to the exempt payees listed above, 1 through 15.

 

IF the payment is for …

 

THEN the payment is exempt for …

Interest and dividend payments   All exempt payees except for 9
Broker transactions   Exempt payees 1 through 5 and 7 through 13. Also, C corporations.
Barter exchange transactions and patronage dividends   Exempt payees 1 through 5
Payments over $600 required to be reported and direct sales over $5,000 1   Generally, exempt payees 1 through 7 2

 

1

See Form 1099-MISC, Miscellaneous Income, and its instructions.

2

However, the following payments made to a corporation and reportable on Form 1099-MISC are not exempt from backup withholding: medical and health care payments, attorneys’ fees, gross proceeds paid to an attorney, and payments for services paid by a federal executive agency.

Part I. Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN)

Enter your TIN in the appropriate box. If you are a resident alien and you do not have and are not eligible to get an SSN, your TIN is your IRS individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN). Enter it in the social security number box. If you do not have an ITIN, see How to get a TIN below.

If you are a sole proprietor and you have an EIN, you may enter either your SSN or EIN. However, the IRS prefers that you use your SSN.

If you are a single-member LLC that is disregarded as an entity separate from its owner (see Limited Liability Company (LLC) on page 2), enter the owner’s SSN (or EIN, if the owner has one). Do not enter the disregarded entity’s EIN. If the LLC is classified as a corporation or partnership, enter the entity’s EIN.

Note. See the chart on page 4 for further clarification of name and TIN combinations.

How to get a TIN. If you do not have a TIN, apply for one immediately. To apply for an SSN, get Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Card, from your local Social Security Administration office or get this form online at www.ssa.gov . You may also get this form by calling 1-800-772-1213. Use Form W-7, Application for IRS Individual Taxpayer Identification Number, to apply for an ITIN, or Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number, to apply for an EIN. You can apply for an EIN online by accessing the IRS website at www.irs.gov/businesses and clicking on Employer Identification Number (EIN) under Starting a Business. You can get Forms W-7 and SS-4 from the IRS by visiting IRS.gov or by calling 1-800-TAX-FORM (1-800-829-3676).

If you are asked to complete Form W-9 but do not have a TIN, write “Applied For” in the space for the TIN, sign and date the form, and give it to the requester. For interest and dividend payments, and certain payments made with respect to readily tradable instruments, generally you will have 60 days to get a TIN and give it to the requester before you are subject to backup withholding on payments. The 60-day rule does not apply to other types of payments. You will be subject to backup withholding on all such payments until you provide your TIN to the requester.

Note. Entering “Applied For” means that you have already applied for a TIN or that you intend to apply for one soon.

Caution: A disregarded domestic entity that has a foreign owner must use the appropriate Form W-8.

Part II. Certification

To establish to the withholding agent that you are a U.S. person, or resident alien, sign Form W-9. You may be requested to sign by the withholding agent even if item 1, below, and items 4 and 5 on page 4 indicate otherwise.

For a joint account, only the person whose TIN is shown in Part I should sign (when required). In the case of a disregarded entity, the person identified on the “Name” line must sign. Exempt payees, see Exempt Payee on page 3.

Signature requirements. Complete the certification as indicated in items 1 through 3, below, and items 4 and 5 on page 4.

1. Interest, dividend, and barter exchange accounts opened before 1984 and broker accounts considered active during 1983. You must give your correct TIN, but you do not have to sign the certification.

2. Interest, dividend, broker, and barter exchange accounts opened after 1983 and broker accounts considered inactive during 1983. You must sign the certification or backup withholding will apply. If you are subject to backup withholding and you are merely providing your correct TIN to the requester, you must cross out item 2 in the certification before signing the form.

3. Real estate transactions. You must sign the certification. You may cross out item 2 of the certification.

 


4. Other payments. You must give your correct TIN, but you do not have to sign the certification unless you have been notified that you have previously given an incorrect TIN. “Other payments” include payments made in the course of the requester’s trade or business for rents, royalties, goods (other than bills for merchandise), medical and health care services (including payments to corporations), payments to a nonemployee for services, payments to certain fishing boat crew members and fishermen, and gross proceeds paid to attorneys (including payments to corporations).

5. Mortgage interest paid by you, acquisition or abandonment of secured property, cancellation of debt, qualified tuition program payments (under section 529), IRA, Coverdell ESA, Archer MSA or HSA contributions or distributions, and pension distributions. You must give your correct TIN, but you do not have to sign the certification.

What Name and Number to Give the Requester

 

For this type of account:

 

Give name and SSN of:

1.      Individual

  The individual

2.      Two or more individuals (joint account)

  The actual owner of the account or, if combined funds, the first individual on the account 1

3.      Custodian account of a minor (Uniform Gift to Minors Act)

  The minor 2

4.      a. The usual revocable savings trust (grantor is also trustee)

 

The grantor-trustee 1

b. So-called trust account that is not a legal or valid trust under state law

 

The actual owner 1

5.      Sole proprietorship or disregarded entity owned by an individual

 

The owner 3

6.      Grantor trust filing under Optional Form 1099 Filing Method 1 (see Regulation section 1.671-4(b)(2)(i)(A))

 

The grantor *

For this type of account:

 

Give name and EIN of:

7.      Disregarded entity not owned by an individual

  The owner

8.      A valid trust, estate, or pension trust

  Legal entity 4

9.      Corporation or LLC electing corporate status on Form 8832 or Form 2553

  The corporation

10.    Association, club, religious, charitable, educational, or other tax-exempt organization

  The organization

11.    Partnership or multi-member LLC

  The partnership

12.    A broker or registered nominee

  The broker or nominee

13.    Account with the Department of Agriculture in the name of a public entity (such as a state o local government, school district, or prison) that receives agricultural program payments

  The public entity

14.    Grantor trust filing under the Form 1041 Filing Method or the Optional Form 1099 Filing Method 2 (see Regulation section 1.671-4(b)(2)(i)(B))

  The trust

 

1  

List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish. If only one person on a joint account has an SSN, that person’s number must be furnished.

2  

Circle the minor’s name and furnish the minor’s SSN.

3  

You must show your individual name and you may also enter your business or “DBA” name on the “Business name/disregarded entity” name line. You may use either your SSN or EIN (if you have one), but the IRS encourages you to use your SSN.

4  

List first and circle the name of the trust, estate, or pension trust. (Do not furnish the TIN of the personal representative or trustee unless the legal entity itself is not designated in the account title.) Also see Special rules for partnerships on page 1.

Note. Grantor also must provide a Form W-9 to trustee of trust.

Note. If no name is circled when more than one name is listed, the number will be considered to be that of the first name listed.

Secure Your Tax Records from Identity Theft

Identity theft occurs when someone uses your personal information such as your name, social security number (SSN), or other identifying information, without your permission, to commit fraud or other crimes. An identity thief may use your SSN to get a job or may file a tax return using your SSN to receive a refund.

To reduce your risk:

 

 

Protect your SSN,

 

 

Ensure your employer is protecting your SSN, and

 

 

Be careful when choosing a tax preparer.

If your tax records are affected by identity theft and you receive a notice from the IRS, respond right away to the name and phone number printed on the IRS notice or letter.

If your tax records are not currently affected by identity theft but you think you are at risk due to a lost or stolen purse or wallet, questionable credit card activity or credit report, contact the IRS Identity Theft Hotline at 1-800-908-4490 or submit Form 14039.

For more information, see Publication 4535, Identity Theft Prevention and Victim Assistance.

Victims of identity theft who are experiencing economic harm or a system problem, or are seeking help in resolving tax problems that have not been resolved through normal channels, may be eligible for Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS) assistance. You can reach TAS by calling the TAS toll-free case intake line at 1-877-777-4778 or TTY/TDD 1-800-829-4059.

Protect yourself from suspicious emails or phishing schemes. Phishing is the creation and use of email and websites designed to mimic legitimate business emails and websites. The most common act is sending an email to a user falsely claiming to be an established legitimate enterprise in an attempt to scam the user into surrendering private information that will be used for identity theft.

The IRS does not initiate contacts with taxpayers via emails. Also, the IRS does not request personal detailed information through email or ask taxpayers for the PIN numbers, passwords, or similar secret access information for their credit card, bank, or other financial accounts.

If you receive an unsolicited email claiming to be from the IRS, forward this message to phishing@irs.gov . You may also report misuse of the IRS name, logo, or other IRS property to the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration at 1-800-366-4484. You can forward suspicious emails to the Federal Trade Commission at: spam@uce.gov or contact them at www.ftc.gov/idtheft or 1-877-IDTHEFT (1-877-438-4338).

Visit IRS.gov to learn more about identity theft and how to reduce your risk.

 


 

Privacy Act Notice

Section 6109 of the Internal Revenue Code requires you to provide your correct TIN to persons (including federal agencies) who are required to file information returns with the IRS to report interest, dividends, or certain other income paid to you; mortgage interest you paid; the acquisition or abandonment of secured property; the cancellation of debt; or contributions you made to an IRA, Archer MSA, or HSA. The person collecting this form uses the information on the form to file information returns with the IRS, reporting the above information. Routine uses of this information include giving it to the Department of Justice for civil and criminal litigation and to cities, states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. possessions for use in administering their laws. The information also may be disclosed to other countries under a treaty, to federal and state agencies to enforce civil and criminal laws, or to federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies to combat terrorism. You must provide your TIN whether or not you are required to file a tax return. Under section 3406, payers must generally withhold a percentage of taxable interest, dividend, and certain other payments to a payee who does not give a TIN to the payer. Certain penalties may also apply for providing false or fraudulent information.

Exhibit 99.2

NOTICE OF GUARANTEED DELIVERY

For Tender for Exchange

8.500% Senior Notes due 2020

of

WILLIAM LYON HOMES, INC.

Pursuant to the Prospectus Dated             ,         

THE EXCHANGE OFFER AND WITHDRAWAL RIGHTS WILL EXPIRE AT MIDNIGHT, NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON THE EVENING OF             ,         , UNLESS EXTENDED (THE “EXPIRATION DATE”).

The Exchange Agent for the Exchange Offer is:

U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

 

By Hand, Overnight Delivery or Mail

(Registered or Certified Mail Recommended):

 

By Facsimile Transmission

(for eligible institutions only):

U.S. Bank National Association

60 Livingston Avenue

St. Paul, Minnesota 55107

Attention: Specialized Finance

 

(651) 466-7372

Attention: Specialized Finance

 

Fax cover sheets should provide a call back number

and request a call back, upon receipt.

 

Confirm receipt by calling:

800-934-6802

This notice of guaranteed delivery, or a notice substantially equivalent to this form, must be used to accept the exchange offer (as defined below) if (1) certificates for William Lyon Homes, Inc.’s 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 issued on October 24, 2013 (the “old notes”) are not immediately available, (2) old notes, the letter of transmittal and all other required documents cannot be delivered to the exchange agent prior to the Expiration Date, or (3) the procedures for delivery by book-entry transfer cannot be completed prior to the Expiration Date. This notice of guaranteed delivery may be transmitted by facsimile or delivered by mail, hand or overnight courier to the exchange agent prior to the Expiration Date. See “The Exchange Offer—Guaranteed Delivery Procedures” in the prospectus.

Transmission of this notice of guaranteed delivery via facsimile to a number other than as set forth above or delivery of this notice of guaranteed delivery to an address other than as set forth above will not constitute a valid delivery.

This notice of guaranteed delivery is not to be used to guarantee signatures. If an “eligible institution” is required to guarantee a signature on a letter of transmittal pursuant to the instructions therein, such signature guarantee must appear in the applicable space provided in the signature box in the letter of transmittal.

 

1


PLEASE READ THE ACCOMPANYING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY

Ladies and Gentlemen:

The undersigned hereby tenders to William Lyon Homes, Inc. (the “Issuer”), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the prospectus and the letter of transmittal, receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the aggregate principal amount of old notes set forth below pursuant to the guaranteed delivery procedures set forth in the prospectus under the caption “The Exchange Offer—Guaranteed Delivery Procedures.” The undersigned hereby authorizes the exchange agent to deliver this notice of guaranteed delivery to the Issuer with respect to the old notes tendered pursuant to the exchange offer.

The undersigned understands that tenders of the old notes will be accepted only in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. The undersigned also understands that tenders of the old notes pursuant to the exchange offer may be withdrawn at any time prior to the Expiration Date. For a withdrawal of a tender of old notes to be effective, it must be made in accordance with the procedures set forth in the prospectus under “The Exchange Offer—Withdrawal Rights.”

The undersigned understands that the exchange of old notes for the Issuer’s new 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “new notes”) will be made only if the exchange agent timely receives (1) the certificates of the tendered old notes, in proper form for transfer (or a book-entry confirmation of the transfer of such old notes into the exchange agent’s account at The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”)) and (2) a letter of transmittal (or a manually signed facsimile thereof) properly completed and duly executed with any required signature guarantees, together with any other documents required by the letter of transmittal (or a properly transmitted agent’s message), within three New York Stock Exchange trading days after the Expiration Date.

The authority herein conferred or agreed to be conferred by this notice of guaranteed delivery shall not be affected by, and shall survive, the death or incapacity of the undersigned, and every obligation of the undersigned under this notice of guaranteed delivery shall be binding upon the heirs, personal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, assigns, trustees in bankruptcy and other legal representatives of the undersigned.

PLEASE SIGN AND COMPLETE

 

X  

 

X  

 

  Signature(s) of Registered Holder(s) or Authorized Signatory
Name(s) of Registered Holder(s):

 

Principal Amount of Old notes Tendered*:

 

Certificate No.(s) of Old notes (if available):

 

 

*  Must be in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.

Date:  

 

Address:  

 

Telephone No. (Including Area Code):  

 

If old notes will be delivered by book-entry transfer, provide information below:
Name of Tendering Institution:  

 

Depository Account No. with DTC:  

 

Transaction Code Number:  

 

 

 

 

2


DO NOT SEND OLD NOTES WITH THIS FORM. OLD NOTES SHOULD BE SENT TO THE EXCHANGE AGENT TOGETHER WITH A PROPERLY COMPLETED AND DULY EXECUTED LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL OR PROPERLY TRANSMITTED AGENT’S MESSAGE.

This notice of guaranteed delivery must be signed by the holder(s) exactly as their name(s) appear(s) on certificate(s) for old notes or on a security position listing as the owner of old notes, or by person(s) authorized to become holder(s) by endorsements and documents transmitted with this notice of guaranteed delivery. If signature is by a trustee, executor, administrator, guardian, attorney-in-fact, officer or other person acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, such person must provide the following information:

PLEASE PRINT NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)

 

Name(s):  

 

 

Capacity:  

 

Address(es):  

 

 

 

 

3


THE GUARANTEE BELOW MUST BE COMPLETED

GUARANTEE

(Not to be used for Signature Guarantee)

The undersigned, an “eligible guarantor institution” meeting the requirements of the registrar for the old notes, which requirements include membership or participation in the Security Transfer Agent Medallion Program, or STAMP, or such other “signature guarantee program” as may be determined by the registrar for the old notes in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP, all in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, hereby guarantees that the old notes to be tendered hereby are in proper form for transfer (pursuant to the procedures set forth in the prospectus under “The Exchange Offer—Guaranteed Delivery Procedures”), and that the exchange agent will receive (a) such old notes, or a book-entry confirmation of the transfer of such old notes into the exchange agent’s account at The Depository Trust Company, and (b) a properly completed and duly executed letter of transmittal (or facsimile thereof) with any required signature guarantees and any other documents required by the letter of transmittal, or a properly transmitted agent’s message, within three New York Stock Exchange trading days after the Expiration Date.

The eligible guarantor institution that completes this form must communicate the guarantee to the exchange agent and must deliver the letter of transmittal, or a properly transmitted agent’s message, and old notes, or a book-entry confirmation in the case of a book-entry transfer, to the exchange agent within the time period set forth above. Failure to do so could result in a financial loss to such eligible guarantor institution.

 

Name of Firm:  

 

Authorized Signature:  

 

Title:  

 

Address:  

 

Telephone Number (Including Area Code):  

 

Dated:                      ,         

 

4

Exhibit 99.3

LETTER TO DTC PARTICIPANTS REGARDING THE OFFER TO EXCHANGE

8.500% SENIOR NOTES DUE 2020

FOR

8.500% SENIOR NOTES DUE 2020

OF

WILLIAM LYON HOMES, INC.

PURSUANT TO THE PROSPECTUS DATED             ,         

144A CUSIP: 96926D AC4

REG S CUSIP: U96799 AB4

THE EXCHANGE OFFER AND WITHDRAWAL RIGHTS WILL EXPIRE AT MIDNIGHT, NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON THE EVENING OF             ,         , UNLESS EXTENDED (THE “EXPIRATION DATE”).

            ,         

To Securities Dealers, Commercial Banks

Trust Companies and Other Nominees:

Enclosed for your consideration is a prospectus dated             ,          (the “Prospectus”) and a Letter of Transmittal (the “Letter of Transmittal”) that together constitute the offer (the “Exchange Offer”) by William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (the “Issuer”), to exchange up to $100,000,000 aggregate principal amount of any and all of its outstanding privately placed 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 issued on October 24, 2013 (the “Old Notes”) for an equal aggregate principal amount of its newly issued 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “New Notes”) in a transaction that is registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus. The Prospectus and Letter of Transmittal more fully describe the Exchange Offer. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings given to them in the Prospectus.

We are asking you to contact your clients for whom you hold Old Notes registered in your name or in the name of your nominee. In addition, we ask you to contact your clients who, to your knowledge, hold Old Notes registered in their own name.

Enclosed are copies of the following documents:

 

  1. The Prospectus;

 

  2. The Letter of Transmittal for your use in connection with the tender of Old Notes and for the information of your clients;

 

  3. The Notice of Guaranteed Delivery (the “Notice of Guaranteed Delivery”) to be used to accept the Exchange Offer if the Old Notes and all other required documents cannot be delivered to U.S. Bank National Association (the “Exchange Agent”) prior to the Expiration Date; and

 

  4. A form of letter that may be sent to your clients for whose accounts you hold Old Notes registered in your name or the name of your nominee, with space provided for obtaining the clients’ instructions with regard to the Exchange Offer.

DTC participants will be able to execute tenders through the DTC Automated Tender Offer Program.

Please note that the Exchange Offer will expire at midnight, New York City time, on the evening of             ,         , unless extended by the Issuer. We urge you to contact your clients as promptly as possible.

 

1


You will be reimbursed by the Issuer for customary mailing and handling expenses incurred by you in forwarding any of the enclosed materials to your clients.

Additional copies of the enclosed material may be obtained form the Exchange Agent, at the address and telephone number set forth below.

Very truly yours,

U.S. Bank National Association

60 Livingston Avenue

St. Paul, Minnesota 55107

Attention: Specialized Finance

800-934-6802

 

 

Nothing herein or in the enclosed documents shall constitute you or any person as an agent of the Issuer or the Exchange Agent, or authorize you or any other person to make any statements on behalf of either of them with respect to the Exchange Offer, except for statements expressly made in the Prospectus and the Letter of Transmittal.

 

2

Exhibit 99.4

LETTER TO BENEFICIAL HOLDERS REGARDING THE OFFER TO EXCHANGE

8.500% SENIOR NOTES DUE 2020

FOR

8.500% SENIOR NOTES DUE 2020

OF

WILLIAM LYON HOMES, INC.

PURSUANT TO THE PROSPECTUS DATED             ,         

144A CUSIP: 96926D AC4

REG S CUSIP: U96799 AB4

THE EXCHANGE OFFER AND WITHDRAWAL RIGHTS WILL EXPIRE AT MIDNIGHT, NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON THE EVENING OF             ,         , UNLESS EXTENDED (THE “EXPIRATION DATE”).

            ,         

To Our Clients:

Enclosed for your consideration is a prospectus dated             ,          (the “Prospectus”) and a Letter of Transmittal (the “Letter of Transmittal”) that together constitute the offer (the “Exchange Offer”) by William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (the “Issuer”), to exchange up to $100,000,000 aggregate principal amount of any and all of its outstanding privately placed 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 issued on October 24, 2013 (the “Old Notes”) for an equal aggregate principal amount of its newly issued 8.500% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “New Notes”) in a transaction that is registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus. The Prospectus and Letter of Transmittal more fully describe the Exchange Offer. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings given to them in the Prospectus.

These materials are being forwarded to you as the beneficial owner of Old Notes carried by us for your account or benefit but not registered in your name. A tender of any Old Notes may be made only by us as the registered holder and pursuant to your instructions. Therefore, the Issuer urges beneficial owners of Old Notes registered in the name of a broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee to contact such registered holder promptly if they wish to tender Old Notes in the Exchange Offer.

Accordingly, we request instructions as to whether you wish us to tender any or all of your Old Notes, pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus and Letter of Transmittal. We urge you to read carefully the Prospectus and Letter of Transmittal before instructing us to tender your Old Notes.

Your instructions to us should be forwarded as promptly as possible in order to permit us to tender Old Notes on your behalf in accordance with the provisions of the Exchange Offer. The Exchange Offer will expire at midnight, New York City time, on the evening of             ,         , unless extended by the Issuer. Old Notes tendered pursuant to the Exchange Offer may be withdrawn, subject to the procedures described in the Prospectus, at any time prior to the Expiration Date.

If you wish to have us tender any or all of your Old Notes held by us for your account or benefit, please so instruct us by completing, executing and returning to us the instruction form that appears below. The accompanying Letter of Transmittal is furnished to you for informational purposes only and may not be used by you to tender Old Notes held by us and registered in our name for your account or benefit.

 

1


INSTRUCTIONS TO REGISTERED HOLDER

FROM BENEFICIAL OWNER

OF 8.500% SENIOR NOTES DUE 2020

OF WILLIAM LYON HOMES, INC.

The undersigned acknowledge(s) receipt of your letter and the enclosed materials referred to therein relating to the Exchange Offer of the Issuer. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings ascribed to them in the Prospectus.

This will instruct you to tender the principal amount of Old Notes indicated below held by you for the account or benefit of the undersigned, pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus and the Letter of Transmittal.

The aggregate principal amount of the Old Notes held by you for the account of the undersigned is:

$         of the Old Notes.

With respect to the Exchange Offer, the undersigned hereby instructs you (check appropriate box):

 

  ¨ To TENDER the following Old Notes held by you for the account of the undersigned ( insert principal amount of Old Notes to be tendered, if any ):

$         of the Old Notes.

 

  ¨ NOT to TENDER any Old Notes held by you for the account of the undersigned.

If the undersigned instructs you to tender the Old Notes held by you for the account of the undersigned, it is understood that you are authorized (a) to make, on behalf of the undersigned (and the undersigned, by its signature below, hereby makes to you), the representations and warranties contained in the Letter of Transmittal that are to be made with respect to the undersigned as a beneficial owner of the Old Notes, including but not limited to the representations that (i) the undersigned or any beneficial owner of the Old Notes is acquiring the New Notes in the ordinary course of business of the undersigned (or such beneficial owner), (ii) neither the undersigned nor any beneficial owner is engaging in or intends to engage in a distribution of the Old Notes within the meaning of the federal securities laws, (iii) neither the undersigned nor any beneficial owner has (and, at the time the exchange offer is consummated, neither will have) an arrangement or understanding with any person or entity to participate in a distribution of the Old Notes, (iv) neither the undersigned nor any beneficial owner is an “affiliate,” as such term is defined under Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act, of the Issuer, (v) the undersigned and each beneficial owner acknowledges and agrees that any person who is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or is participating in the Exchange Offer for the purpose of distributing the New Notes, must comply with the registration and prospectus-delivery requirements of the Securities Act in connection with a secondary resale transaction of the New Notes or interests therein acquired by such person and cannot rely on the position of the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) set forth in certain no-action letters (see the section of the Prospectus entitled “The Exchange Offer—Purpose and Effect of the Exchange Offer”) , (vi) a secondary resale transaction described in clause (v) above and any resales of New Notes or interests therein obtained by such holder in exchange for Old Notes or interests therein originally acquired by such holder directly from the Issuer should be covered by an effective registration statement containing the selling security holder information required by Item 507 or Item 508, as applicable, of Regulation S-K or the SEC and (vii) the undersigned is not acting on behalf of any person or entity who could not truthfully make the foregoing representations; (b) to agree, on behalf of the undersigned, as set forth in the Letter of Transmittal; and (c) to take such other action as necessary under the Prospectus or the Letter of Transmittal to effect the valid tender of Old Notes.

The purchaser status of the undersigned is (check the box that applies):

 

  ¨ A “Qualified Institutional Buyer” (as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act)

 

  ¨ An “Institutional Accredited Investor” (as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (2), (3) or (7) under the Securities Act)

 

  ¨ A non “U.S. person” (as defined in Regulation S under the Securities Act) that purchased the Old Notes outside the United States in accordance with Rule 904 under the Securities Act

 

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  ¨ Other (describe)

 

 

 

SIGN HERE

 

Name of Beneficial Owner(s):  

 

Signature(s):  

 

Name(s)  (please print) :  

 

Address:  

 

Principal residence/place of business (if different from address listed above):  

 

 

Telephone Number(s):  

 

Taxpayer Identification or Social Security Number(s):  

 

Date:  

 

 

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