Table of Contents

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 14, 2014

 

Registration No. 333-194219

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

Amendment No. 2

FORM S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

GRUBHUB INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware   7389   46-2908664

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation

or organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

Classification Code Number)

  (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100

Chicago, Illinois 60602

(877) 585-7878

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

Margo Drucker, Esq.

Vice President and General Counsel

GrubHub Inc.

111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100

Chicago, Illinois 60602

(877) 585-7878

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

Copies of all communications, including communications sent to agent for service, should be sent to:

Joshua N. Korff, Esq.

Michael Kim, Esq.

Kirkland & Ellis LLP

601 Lexington Avenue

New York, New York 10022

(212) 446-4800

 

David J. Goldschmidt, Esq.

Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP

Four Times Square

New York, NY 10036

(212) 735-3574

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public : As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.

 

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box:   ¨

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):   ¨

Large accelerated filer   ¨      Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   x   (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company   ¨

The registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED MARCH 14, 2014

 

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

 

LOGO

 

Common Stock

$             per share

 

This is the initial public offering of shares of common stock of GrubHub Inc. We are offering                  shares to be sold in this offering. The selling stockholders identified in this prospectus are offering an additional                  shares. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares being sold by the selling stockholders.

 

We and the selling stockholders have granted the underwriters an option to purchase up to                  additional shares of our common stock.

 

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the common stock. It is currently estimated that the initial public offering price per share will be between $             and $            . We intend to apply to list our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “GRUB.”

 

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined under the federal securities laws and, as such, may elect to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for future filings.

 

Investing in our common stock involves risks. See the section titled “ Risk Factors ” beginning on page 13.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

     Per Share      Total  

Public Offering Price

   $                    $                

Underwriting Discount

   $         $     

Proceeds to GrubHub Inc. (before expenses)

   $         $     

Proceeds to Selling Stockholders (before expenses)

   $         $     

 

The underwriters expect to deliver the shares to purchasers on or about                     , 2014 through the book-entry facilities of The Depository Trust Company.

 

Citigroup    Morgan Stanley
Allen & Company LLC
BMO Capital Markets    Canaccord Genuity    Raymond James    William Blair

 

                    , 2014


Table of Contents

LOGO


Table of Contents

We are responsible for the information contained in this prospectus and in any free-writing prospectus we prepare or authorize. We, the selling stockholders and the underwriters have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information, and we, the selling stockholders and the underwriters take no responsibility for any other information others may give you. We are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than its date.

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

SUMMARY

     1   

RISK FACTORS

     13   

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

     33   

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

     34   

INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA

     36   

USE OF PROCEEDS

     37   

DIVIDEND POLICY

     38   

CAPITALIZATION

     39   

DILUTION

     41   

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION

     43   

SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA

     46   

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

     50   

BUSINESS

     72   

MANAGEMENT

     82   

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

     91   

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

     100   

PRINCIPAL AND SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

     102   

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

     105   

SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

     109   

U.S. FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS

     112   

UNDERWRITING

     116   

LEGAL MATTERS

     122   

EXPERTS

     122   

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

     122   

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

     F-1   

 

i


Table of Contents

SUMMARY

 

This summary highlights selected information that is presented in greater detail elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in our common stock. You should read this entire prospectus carefully, including the sections titled “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus, before making an investment decision. Unless otherwise stated or the context requires otherwise, (i) when we refer to the “Seamless Platform,” we refer to the operations for Seamless North America, LLC as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011 and from January 1, 2012 through October 28, 2012, the date when Aramark Corporation (“Aramark”) completed the spin-off of its interest in the Seamless business, and to the operations for Seamless Holdings Corporation, an entity formed for the purpose of completing the spin-off and whose assets primarily consist of Aramark’s former interest in the Seamless business and its subsidiaries (“Seamless Holdings”), beginning on October 29, 2012, (ii) when we refer to the “GrubHub Platform,” we refer to the operations of GrubHub Holdings Inc., formerly known as GrubHub, Inc. (“GrubHub Holdings”), and its subsidiaries and (iii) all share and per share data in this prospectus reflects a 1-for-2 reverse stock split of our capital stock issued and outstanding (including adjustments for fractional shares), which we expect to effect prior to the consummation of this offering. On August 8, 2013 (the “Merger Date”), we completed a merger of the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform (the “Merger”). Through the Merger, we formed GrubHub Inc., formerly known as GrubHub Seamless Inc., which includes both the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform. In this prospectus, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “GrubHub,” “the Company,” “our platform,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer, (i) prior to the Merger Date, to the Seamless Platform and (ii) after the Merger Date, to GrubHub Inc. and its subsidiaries.

 

References to operating metrics as “combined” reflect the combined results for the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform beginning on the first day of the period for which the operating metric is presented. See “Basis of Presentation.”

 

Our Mission

 

Our mission is to make takeout better.

 

Our Company

 

GrubHub is the leading online and mobile platform for restaurant pick-up and delivery orders, which we refer to as takeout. We processed more than 135,000 combined Daily Average Grubs (as defined herein) in 2013 and had approximately $1.3 billion of combined Gross Food Sales (as defined herein) on our platforms in 2013. We connect local restaurants with hungry diners in more than 600 cities across the United States and are focused on transforming the takeout experience. For restaurants, GrubHub generates higher margin takeout orders at full menu prices. Our platform empowers diners with a “direct line” into the kitchen, avoiding the inefficiencies, inaccuracies and frustrations associated with paper menus and phone orders. We have a powerful two-sided network that creates additional value for both restaurants and diners as it grows.

 

Our target market is primarily independent restaurants. These independent restaurants, which account for 61% of all U.S. restaurants (according to a 2013 industry report prepared by Euromonitor International (“Euromonitor”)), remain local, highly fragmented and are mostly owner-operated family businesses. According to Euromonitor, Americans spent $204 billion at these approximately 350,000 independent restaurants in 2012. We believe that Americans spent approximately $67 billion on takeout at these independent restaurants.

 

For restaurants, takeout enables them to grow their business without adding seating capacity or wait staff. Advertising for takeout, typically done through the distribution of menus to local households or advertisements in local publications, is often inefficient and requires upfront payment with no certainty of success. In contrast, we

 

1


Table of Contents

provide the approximately 28,800 restaurants on our platform (as of December 31, 2013) with an efficient way to generate more takeout orders. We enable restaurants to access local diners at the moment when those diners are hungry and ready to purchase takeout. In addition, we do not charge the restaurants in our network any upfront or subscription fees, we do not require any discounts from their full price menus and we only get paid for the orders we generate for them, providing restaurants with a low-risk, high-return solution. We charge restaurants a per-order commission that is primarily percentage-based.

 

As our two-sided network of restaurants and diners has grown, many of our restaurants have chosen to pay higher rates to receive better exposure to more diners on our platform, and this has resulted in higher overall commission rates for us.

 

For diners, the traditional takeout ordering process is often a frustrating experience—from using paper menus to communicating an order by phone to a busy restaurant employee. In contrast, ordering on GrubHub is enjoyable and a dramatic improvement over the “menu drawer.” We provide diners on our platform with an easy-to-use, intuitive and personalized platform that helps them search for and discover local restaurants and then accurately and efficiently place an order from any Internet-connected device. We also provide diners with information and transparency about their orders and status and solve problems that may arise. In addition, we make re-ordering convenient by storing previous orders, preferences and payment information, helping us promote diner frequency and drive strong repeat business.

 

The proliferation of mobile devices over the past few years has significantly increased the value of our platform. With powerful, easy-to-use mobile applications for iPhone, iPad and Android, we enable diners to access GrubHub whenever and wherever they want takeout. The discovery and ordering capabilities that are available on our consumer websites are also available through our mobile applications. We monetize the orders placed through our mobile applications using the same rate as orders placed through our websites. Our mobile applications make ordering from GrubHub more accessible and personal, driving increased use of our platform by restaurants and diners. Orders placed on mobile devices increased from approximately 20% of our consumer orders during the quarter ended December 31, 2011 to approximately 43% of our consumer orders during the quarter ended December 31, 2013.

 

The GrubHub Platform was founded in 2004 and the Seamless Platform was founded in 1999. We completed the Merger of the two companies in August 2013. The Merger has enabled us to expand our two-sided network, connecting customers in the geographies we serve with more restaurants. Through the combination of the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform, we are able to eliminate duplicative marketing expenses and restaurant sales and take advantage of a complementary geographic footprint.

 

Our business has grown rapidly. In 2013, we generated revenue of $137.1 million, representing a 67% increase from 2012. Our revenue growth has been driven primarily by increasing adoption of our platform by restaurants and diners, with 3.4 million Active Diners (as defined herein) as of December 31, 2013, and the inclusion of results from the GrubHub Platform. $26.3 million of the increase in revenue and 1.9 million of the increase in Active Diners were due to the inclusion of results from the GrubHub Platform following the Merger Date. In 2013, our net income was $6.7 million and our Adjusted EBITDA was $38.1 million. See “—Summary Historical Consolidated Financial Information” for a discussion and reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income.

 

The Takeout Market Opportunity

 

Food is an essential, social and enjoyable aspect of everyday life. However, there is often little time to cook at home or dine out. In addition, diners are increasingly looking for a broader and more diversified choice of cuisines and menu items. Takeout offers a convenient alternative, providing diners with a wide variety of options, wherever they want and whenever they want.

 

2


Table of Contents

Large and Fragmented Market

 

Our primary target market is comprised of approximately 350,000 independent restaurants that account for 61% of all U.S. restaurants, according to Euromonitor. According to Euromonitor, Americans spent $204 billion at these independent restaurants in 2012. We believe that Americans spent approximately $67 billion on takeout at these independent restaurants.

 

Challenges for Independent Restaurants

 

Independent restaurant owners recognize that increasing takeout orders enables them to grow their business because they can service the additional orders by leveraging existing resources, including excess capacity and perishable inventory, without adding seating capacity or wait staff. Advertising for takeout is often done through the distribution of menus to local households or through local publications such as the yellow pages. These traditional methods of advertising are typically inefficient, require upfront payment with no certainty of success and are rapidly becoming obsolete as diners shift to online and mobile solutions for local search and discovery. Providing a quality experience for takeout diners is also a key challenge for restaurants. Because independent restaurants focus on serving on-premise diners, they typically have a limited ability to attend to the needs of takeout diners. The traditional takeout ordering process is highly manual and prone to errors and delays. Effectively and efficiently managing order delivery is also a challenge for independent restaurants given the nature of the process as well as their limited resources to handle follow-up calls.

 

Independent restaurants seek a simple and effective solution to expand their takeout business without significant investments or expertise in marketing and technology.

 

Challenges for Diners

 

For diners, ordering takeout is usually a chore and is often a frustrating experience. Typically, ordering takeout starts with the challenge of choosing where to order from and what to order—usually relying on a tired, outdated and limited choice of menus found in the “menu drawer.” Once a diner chooses and calls a restaurant, the ordering process can lead to angst, as the diner is faced with long hold times, distracted order-takers in an already error-prone process, difficulty communicating special requests, incomplete pricing information and the inevitable wait for delivery with limited transparency. Upon delivery, diners only have a few seconds to confirm that what they received is indeed what they ordered, with limited recourse in the event it is not.

 

Diners seek a simple, convenient and transparent takeout ordering solution with a wide variety of restaurant choices that provides them with a “direct line” into the kitchen.

 

The GrubHub Solution

 

At GrubHub, we focus on providing value to both restaurants and diners through our two-sided network. We provide restaurants with more orders, help them serve diners better and enable them to improve the efficiency of their takeout business. For diners, we make takeout accessible, simple and enjoyable, enabling them to discover new restaurants and accurately and easily place their orders anytime and from anywhere.

 

Why Restaurants Love GrubHub

 

With approximately 28,800 restaurants in our network as of December 31, 2013, we believe that we provide restaurants with the following key benefits:

 

   

More Orders .    Through GrubHub, restaurants in our network receive more orders at full menu prices.

 

   

Targeted Reach .    Restaurants in our network gain an online and mobile presence with the ability to reach their most valuable target audience—hungry diners in their area.

 

3


Table of Contents
   

Low Risk, High Return .    GrubHub generates higher margin takeout orders for the restaurants in our network by enabling them to leverage their existing fixed costs.

 

   

Service and Efficiency .     Restaurants in our network can receive and handle a larger volume of takeout orders more accurately, increasing their operational efficiency while providing their takeout diners with a high-quality experience.

 

   

Insights .    We provide restaurants with actionable insights based on the significant amount of order data we gather, helping them to optimize their delivery footprints, menus, pricing and online profiles.

 

Why Diners Love GrubHub

 

With 3.4 million Active Diners as of December 31, 2013 and more than 135,000 combined Daily Average Grubs in 2013, we believe that we provide diners with the following key benefits:

 

   

Discovery .    GrubHub aggregates menus and enables ordering from restaurants across more than 600 cities in the United States, in most cases providing diners with more choices than the “menu drawer” and allowing them to discover hidden gems from local restaurants in our network.

 

   

Convenience .    Using GrubHub, diners do not need to place their orders over the phone. We provide diners with an easy-to-use, intuitive and personalized platform that makes ordering simple from any connected device.

 

   

Control and Transparency .    Our platform empowers diners with a “direct line” into the kitchen, without having to talk to a distracted order-taker in an already error-prone process.

 

   

Service .    For diners, GrubHub’s role is similar to that of the waiter in a restaurant, providing a critical layer of customer service that is typically missing in takeout.

 

Our Competitive Advantages

 

Our focus on making takeout better for both restaurants and diners has helped us to develop the following competitive advantages:

 

   

Market Leader with Significant Scale .    We are the largest takeout platform, with approximately $1.3 billion in combined Gross Food Sales on our platform; approximately 28,800 restaurants across 600 cities in the United States; and 3.4 million Active Diners, yielding more than 135,000 combined Daily Average Grubs across our platform.

 

   

Powerful Two-Sided Network Effect .    As we continue to increase the number of restaurants in our network, we become a more compelling platform for diners. As we continue to increase the number of diners on our platform, we generate more orders for and become more compelling to restaurants.

 

   

Growing and Recurring Diner Base .    We believe that our easy-to-use ordering system, restaurant choices and enjoyable user experience all inspire new diners to try GrubHub and encourage existing diners to make GrubHub a way of life, driving repeat and growing use of our platform.

 

   

Product Innovation .    We have a history of introducing new products that make our platform better, such as the introduction of our mobile applications and our restaurant-facing products, OrderHub and Boost.

 

   

Mobile Engagement and Monetization .    We benefit from the growing adoption and increased use of our mobile applications, as they significantly increase the number of orders diners place through GrubHub. Orders placed on mobile devices increased from approximately 20% of our consumer orders during the

 

4


Table of Contents
 

quarter ended December 31, 2011 to approximately 43% of our consumer orders during the quarter ended December 31, 2013. We monetize the orders placed through our mobile applications using the same rate as orders placed through our websites.

 

   

Attractive Business Model .    Our scalable platform enables us to process additional orders at low incremental cost. As our two-sided network of restaurants and diners has grown, many of our restaurants have chosen to pay higher rates to receive better exposure to more diners on our platform, and this has resulted in higher overall commission rates for us.

 

Our Growth Strategy

 

We strive to make GrubHub an integral part of everyday life for our restaurants and diners through the following growth strategies:

 

   

Grow our Two-Sided Network .    We intend to grow the number of restaurants in our existing geographic markets by providing them with opportunities to generate more takeout orders. We intend to grow the number of diners and orders placed on our network primarily through word-of-mouth referrals, marketing that encourages adoption of our mobile applications and increased order frequency.

 

   

Enhance our Platform .    We plan to continue to invest in our websites and mobile products, develop new products and better leverage the significant amount of order data that we collect.

 

   

Deliver Excellent Customer Service .    By meeting and exceeding the expectations of both restaurants and diners through our customer service, we seek to gain their loyalty and support for our platform.

 

   

Pursue Strategic Acquisitions .    We intend to continue to pursue expansion opportunities in existing and new markets, as well as in core and adjacent categories through strategic acquisitions.

 

Risk Factors

 

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this prospectus, before making a decision to invest in our common stock. Some of these risks are:

 

   

We have a limited operating history in an evolving industry, which makes it difficult to evaluate our future prospects and may increase the risk that we will not be successful;

 

   

If we fail to manage the integration of the Merger effectively, our results of operations and business could be harmed;

 

   

If we fail to retain our existing restaurants and diners or to acquire new restaurants and diners in a cost-effective manner, our revenue may decrease and our business may be harmed;

 

   

Growth of our business will depend on a strong brand and any failure to maintain, protect and enhance our brand would hurt our ability to retain or expand our base of restaurants and diners and our ability to increase their level of engagement;

 

   

We rely on restaurants in our network for many aspects of our business, and any failure by them to maintain their service levels could harm our business; and

 

   

We experience significant seasonal fluctuations in our financial results, which could cause our stock price to fluctuate.

 

5


Table of Contents

Our Corporate Information

 

The GrubHub Platform was founded in 2004 and the Seamless Platform was founded in 1999. We completed the Merger of the two platforms on the Merger Date.

 

Our principal executive offices are located at 111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100, Chicago, Illinois 60602, and our telephone number is (877) 585-7878. Our website addresses are www.grubhub.com and www.seamless.com. Information contained on or that can be accessed through our website does not constitute part of this prospectus and inclusions of our website address in this prospectus are inactive textual references only.

 

As of December 31, 2013, we had more than 40 trademarks registered in the United States, including “GrubHub,” “happy eating,” “Seamless,” “OrderHub” and “Your food is here.” This prospectus may also contain trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights of other companies, which are the property of their respective owners. Solely for convenience, the trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights referred to in this prospectus are listed without the TM, SM, © and ® symbols, but we will assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the rights of the applicable owners, if any, to these trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights.

 

Emerging Growth Company Status

 

We qualify as an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). As such, we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” including, but not limited to:

 

   

an exemption from complying with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002, as amended (“Section 404”);

 

   

a requirement to have only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related selected financial data and management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations disclosure;

 

   

reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements; and

 

   

an exemption from the requirement to seek non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

 

We have not made a decision regarding whether to take advantage of these exemptions. If we do take advantage of any of these exemptions, we do not know if some investors will find our common stock less attractive as a result. The result may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.

 

In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have irrevocably opted out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act.

 

We could remain an “emerging growth company” for up to five years, or until the earliest of (a) the last day of the first fiscal year in which our annual gross revenues exceed $1 billion, (b) the date that we become a “large

 

6


Table of Contents

accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which would occur if the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter, or (c) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt during the preceding three-year period.

 

The Offering

 

Common stock offered by us

                shares (or                 shares if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full).

 

Common stock offered by the selling

stockholders

                shares (or                 shares if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full).

 

Common stock to be outstanding after this offering

                shares (or                 shares if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full).

 

Use of proceeds

We expect to receive net proceeds from this offering of approximately $             million (or approximately $             million if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full), based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $             per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders.

 

  We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering (including any additional proceeds that we may receive if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock) for working capital and other general corporate purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, products, services, technologies or other assets. See the section titled “Use of Proceeds” for additional information.

 

Concentration of ownership

Upon completion of this offering, our executive officers and directors, and their affiliates, will beneficially own, in the aggregate,     % of our outstanding shares of common stock (or     % if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full).

 

Proposed trading symbol

“GRUB.”

 

Prior to the consummation of this offering, we expect to effect a 1-for-2 reverse stock split of our issued and outstanding common stock and Preferred Stock (as defined below) (the “Reverse Stock Split”). No fractional shares of the Company’s common stock and Preferred Stock will be issued as a result of the Reverse Stock Split. Any fractional shares resulting from the Reverse Stock Split will be rounded up to the nearest whole share.

 

7


Table of Contents

The number of shares of common stock that will be outstanding after this offering is based on 74,385,786 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2013, and excludes:

 

   

7,530,948 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock that were outstanding as of December 31, 2013, with a weighted average exercise price of $4.08 per share; and

 

   

2,527,028 shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan as of December 31, 2013, and any future increase in shares reserved for issuance under such plan.

 

Except as otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes:

 

   

the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our convertible Series A Preferred Stock (the “Preferred Stock”) into an aggregate of 19,284,113 shares of common stock, the conversion of which will occur immediately prior to the closing of this offering;

 

   

the filing and effectiveness of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation in Delaware and the adoption of our amended and restated bylaws, each of which will occur immediately prior to the closing of this offering;

 

   

no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to an additional                 shares of common stock from us in this offering; and

 

   

the completion of the Reverse Stock Split, which we expect to effect prior to the consummation of this offering.

 

8


Table of Contents

Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data

 

The following tables summarize our historical financial and other data, which has been derived from our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus reflect the results of operations and financial condition of (i) the Seamless Platform as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, (ii) the Seamless Platform from January 1, 2013 through the Merger Date and for both the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform after the Merger Date through December 31, 2013 and (iii) GrubHub Inc. as of December 31, 2013. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future. The following summary financial and other data should be read in conjunction with the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
(in thousands)    2011     2012      2013 (1)  

Statement of Operations Data:

       

Revenues

   $ 60,611      $ 82,299       $ 137,143   

Costs and expenses:

       

Sales and marketing

     17,198        26,892         37,347   

Operations and support

     13,961        18,165         34,173   

Technology (exclusive of amortization)

     5,651        10,172         15,357   

General and administrative

     9,777        12,249         21,907   

Depreciation and amortization

     4,033        6,089         13,470   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

     50,620        73,567         122,254   

Income before provision for income taxes

     9,991        8,732         14,889   

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

     (5,220     813         8,142   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income

   $ 15,211      $ 7,919       $ 6,747   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other Financial Information:

       

Adjusted EBITDA (2)

   $ 14,827      $ 17,185       $ 38,134   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)   Includes results for Seamless Holdings through August 8, 2013, when we completed the Merger, and of GrubHub Inc., the combined company, for the remainder of the period presented.
(2)   See the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for more information and for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

     As of December 31, 2013  
     Actual (1)      Pro  Forma (2)      Pro Forma  As
Adjusted (3)(4)
 
     (unaudited)  
(in thousands)       

Balance Sheet Data:

        

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 86,542       $                    $                

Working capital

     29,568         

Total assets

     762,812         

Convertible Preferred Stock

     2         

Total stockholders’ equity

     557,375         

 

(1)   Reflects the actual balances at GrubHub Inc. as of December 31, 2013.

 

9


Table of Contents
(2)   The pro forma column above reflects the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our convertible Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2013 into an aggregate of 19,284,113 shares of common stock, which conversion will occur immediately prior to the closing of this offering, as if such conversion had occurred on December 31, 2013.
(3)   The pro forma as adjusted column above gives effect to the pro forma adjustments set forth above and the sale and issuance by us of                 shares of common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $             per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
(4)   Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $             per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, the cash and cash equivalents, working capital, total assets and total stockholders’ equity by $             million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. An increase or decrease of one million shares in the number of shares offered by us would increase or decrease, as applicable, the cash and cash equivalents, working capital, total assets and total stockholders’ equity by $             million assuming an initial public offering price of $             per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us.

 

Key Business Metrics

 

To analyze our business performance, determine financial forecasts and help develop long-term strategic plans, we review the following key business metrics:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2012          2013      
     (unaudited)  

Active Diners (1)

     689,000         986,000         3,421,000   

Daily Average Grubs (2)

     45,700         62,000         107,900   

Gross Food Sales (in millions) (3)

   $ 412.2       $ 568.8       $ 1,014.9   

 

(1)   We count Active Diners as the number of unique diner accounts from which an order has been placed in the past twelve months through our platform. We began including Active Diners from the GrubHub Platform as of the Merger Date.
(2)   We count Daily Average Grubs as the number of revenue generating orders placed on our platform divided by the number of days for a given period.
(3)   We calculate Gross Food Sales as the total value of food, beverages, taxes, prepaid gratuities, and any delivery fees processed through our platform. We include all revenue generating orders placed on our platform. Because we act as an agent of the merchant in the transaction, we recognize as revenue only our commissions from the transaction, which are a percentage of the total Gross Food Sales for such transaction.

 

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

 

Adjusted EBITDA is a financial measure that is not calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income adjusted to exclude acquisition costs and related severance, incomes taxes, depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation expense. Below, we have provided a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to our net income, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to net income or any other measure of financial performance

 

10


Table of Contents

calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Our Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other organizations because other organizations may not calculate Adjusted EBITDA in the same manner as we calculate the measure.

 

We include Adjusted EBITDA in this prospectus because it is an important measure upon which our management assesses our operating performance. We use Adjusted EBITDA as a key performance measure because we believe it facilitates operating performance comparisons from period to period by excluding potential differences primarily caused by variations in capital structures, tax positions, the impact of acquisitions and restructuring, the impact of depreciation and amortization expense on our fixed assets and the impact of stock-based compensation expense. Because Adjusted EBITDA facilitates internal comparisons of our historical operating performance on a more consistent basis, we also use Adjusted EBITDA for business planning purposes and in evaluating acquisition opportunities. In addition, we believe Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are widely used by investors, securities analysts, ratings agencies and other parties in evaluating companies in our industry as a measure of financial performance and debt-service capabilities.

 

Our use of Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

 

   

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our cash expenditures for capital equipment or other contractual commitments;

 

   

although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect capital expenditure requirements for such replacements;

 

   

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs; and

 

   

other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate Adjusted EBITDA measures differently, which reduces their usefulness as comparative measures.

 

In evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, you should be aware that in the future we will incur expenses similar to some of the adjustments in this presentation. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by these expenses or any unusual or non-recurring items. When evaluating our performance, you should consider Adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, including our net income and other GAAP results.

 

The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to our net income, the most comparable GAAP measure, for each of the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2012      2013 (1)  
(in thousands)    (unaudited)  

Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA:

       

Net income

   $ 15,211      $ 7,919       $ 6,747   

Income taxes (2)

     (5,220     813         8,142   

Depreciation and amortization

     4,033        6,089         13,470   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

EBITDA

     14,024        14,821         28,359   

Merger and restructuring costs (3)

     —          —           4,842   

Stock—based compensation

     803        2,364         4,933   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 14,827      $ 17,185       $ 38,134   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)   Includes results for Seamless Holdings through August 8, 2013, when we completed the Merger, and of GrubHub Inc., the combined company, for the remainder of the period presented.

 

11


Table of Contents
(2)   The increase in income tax expense was primarily attributable to a reversal of deferred tax liability of $8.1 million in 2011 associated with the June 2011 sale of preferred stock to SLW Investors, LLC offset by 2011 income tax paid of $2.2 million, which represents the income tax expense from January 1, 2011 through May 31, 2011. For the period January 1, 2012 through October 27, 2012, the Company was a pass-through entity for income tax purposes. Immediately following the Merger Date, 100% of our taxable income is subject to income tax.
(3)   Merger and restructuring costs include transaction and integration related costs, such as legal and accounting costs, associated with the Merger, and restructuring costs.

 

12


Table of Contents

RISK FACTORS

 

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this prospectus, before making a decision to invest in our common stock. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be harmed. In that event, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment in us.

 

Risks Related to Our Business

 

We have a limited operating history in an evolving industry, which makes it difficult to evaluate our future prospects and may increase the risk that we will not be successful.

 

We have a limited operating history in an evolving industry that may not develop as expected. Assessing our business and future prospects is challenging in light of the risks and difficulties we may encounter. These risks and difficulties include our ability to:

 

   

accurately forecast our revenues and plan our operating expenses;

 

   

increase the number of and retain existing restaurants and diners using our platform;

 

   

successfully compete with the traditional telephone, pen-and-paper takeout ordering process, along with other companies that are currently in, or may in the future enter, the business of allowing diners to order takeout food online;

 

   

successfully expand our business in existing markets and enter new markets;

 

   

adapt to rapidly evolving trends in the ways consumers and businesses interact with technology;

 

   

avoid interruptions or disruptions in our service;

 

   

develop a scalable, high-performance technology infrastructure that can efficiently and reliably handle increased usage, as well as the deployment of new features and products;

 

   

hire, integrate and retain talented sales, customer service, technology and other personnel; and

 

   

effectively manage rapid growth in our personnel and operations.

 

If the demand for ordering food online and through mobile applications does not develop as we expect, or if we fail to address the needs of restaurants or diners, our business will be harmed. We may not be able to successfully address these risks and difficulties, which could harm our business and results of operations.

 

If we fail to manage the integration of the Merger effectively, our results of operations and business could be harmed.

 

Since the Merger, we have implemented and continue to implement a process of integration to merge the two businesses. The possible risks associated with such integration include the following:

 

   

we may make changes to unify our pricing models that could affect our relationship with existing restaurants in our network;

 

   

we may experience difficulty with and may not succeed in rebranding a combined company;

 

   

we are in the process of closing our Sandy, Utah office in order to consolidate our customer care, operations and technology teams in Chicago, and we may not be able to retain employees in that office for the necessary transition period before we are able to staff the Chicago office fully and/or until we are able to transition our technology platform completely;

 

   

we may not assimilate the personnel, culture and operations of the two businesses in the combined company, including back-office functions and systems, such as accounting, human resources and others;

 

13


Table of Contents
   

we may not be able to integrate smoothly the combined technologies or products with the current technologies and products, and customers may experience interruptions in their use of our platform as a result;

 

   

unified policies, procedures and controls may not be applied to the combined company in a timely manner following the Merger;

 

   

cost savings and/or marketing efficiencies may not meet our expectations; and

 

   

our chosen strategy leading to the Merger may not be the appropriate strategy.

 

This integration may be difficult and unpredictable. It may be that resources invested in the Merger and integration efforts would have been or could be better utilized developing technology and products for our proprietary technology platform or on other strategic development initiatives. Additionally, our ongoing business could be disrupted, including management being distracted from other objectives, opportunities and risks. Successful integration also requires coordination of different functional teams. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in our business integration efforts or that we will realize the expected benefits.

 

If we fail to retain our existing restaurants and diners or to acquire new restaurants and diners in a cost-effective manner, our revenue may decrease and our business may be harmed.

 

We believe that growth of our business and revenue is dependent upon our ability to continue to grow our two-sided network in existing geographic markets by retaining our existing restaurants and diners and adding new restaurants and diners. The increase in restaurants attracts more diners to our platform and the increase in diners attracts more restaurants. This two-sided network takes time to build and may grow more slowly than we expect or than it has grown in the past. In addition, as we have become larger through organic growth, the growth rates for Active Diners, Daily Average Grubs and Gross Food Sales have at times slowed, and may similarly slow in the future, even if we continue to add restaurants and diners on an absolute basis. Although we expect that our growth rates will continue to slow during certain periods as our business increases in size, if we fail to retain either our existing restaurants (especially our most popular restaurants) or diners, the value of our two-sided network will be diminished. In addition, although we believe that many of our new restaurants and diners originate from word-of-mouth and other non-paid referrals from existing restaurants and diners, we also expect to continue to spend to acquire additional restaurants and diners. We cannot assure you that the revenue from the restaurants and diners we acquire will ultimately exceed the cost of acquisition.

 

While a key part of our business strategy is to add restaurants and diners in our existing geographic markets, to a lesser degree, we may also expand our operations into new geographic markets. In doing so, we may incur losses or otherwise fail to enter new markets successfully. Our expansion into new markets may place us in unfamiliar competitive environments and involve various risks, including the need to invest significant resources and the possibility that returns on such investments will not be achieved for several years or at all.

 

Growth of our business will depend on a strong brand and any failure to maintain, protect and enhance our brand would hurt our ability to retain or expand our base of restaurants and diners and our ability to increase their level of engagement.

 

We believe that a strong brand is necessary to continue to attract and retain diners and, in turn, the restaurants in our network. We need to maintain, protect and enhance our brand in order to expand our base of diners and increase their engagement with our websites and mobile applications. This will depend largely on our ability to continue to provide differentiated products, and we may not be able to do so effectively. While we may choose to engage in a broader marketing campaign to further promote our brand, this effort may not be successful or cost effective. If we are unable to maintain or enhance restaurant and diner awareness in a cost-effective manner, our brand, business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed. Furthermore, negative publicity about our Company, including delivery problems, issues with our technology and complaints about our personnel or customer service, could diminish confidence in, and the use of, our products, which could harm our results of operations and business.

 

14


Table of Contents

We rely on restaurants in our network for many aspects of our business, and any failure by them to maintain their service levels could harm our business.

 

We rely upon restaurants in our network, principally small and local independent businesses, to provide quality food to our diners on a timely basis. If these restaurants experience difficulty servicing diner demand, producing quality food, providing timely delivery and good service or meeting our other requirements or standards, our reputation and brand could be damaged. In addition, if restaurants in our network were to cease operations, temporarily or permanently, face financial distress or other business disruption, or if our relationships with restaurants in our network deteriorate, we may not be able to provide diners with restaurant choices. This risk is more pronounced in markets where we have fewer restaurants. In addition, if we are unsuccessful in choosing or finding popular restaurants, if we fail to negotiate satisfactory pricing terms with them or if we ineffectively manage these relationships, it could harm our business and results of operations.

 

We experience significant seasonal fluctuations in our financial results, which could cause our stock price to fluctuate.

 

Our business is highly dependent on diner behavior patterns that we have observed over time. In our metropolitan markets, we generally experience a relative increase in diner activity from September to April and a relative decrease in diner activity from May to August. In addition, we benefit from increased order volume in our campus markets when school is in session and experience a decrease in order volume when school is not in session, during summer breaks and other vacation periods. Diner activity can also be impacted by colder or more inclement weather, which typically increases order volume, and warmer or sunny weather, which typically decreases order volume. Seasonality will likely cause fluctuations in our financial results on a quarterly basis. In addition, other seasonality trends may develop and the existing seasonality and diner behavior that we experience may change or become more extreme.

 

We may not continue to grow at historical rates or maintain profitability in the future.

 

While our revenue has grown in recent periods, this growth rate may not be sustainable and we may not realize sufficient revenue to maintain profitability. We may incur significant losses in the future for a number of reasons, including insufficient growth in the number of restaurants and diners on our platform, increasing competition, as well as other risks described in this prospectus, and we may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications and delays and other unknown factors. We expect to continue to make investments in the development and expansion of our business, which may not result in increased revenue or growth. In addition, as a public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. As a result of these increased expenditures, we will have to generate and sustain increased revenue to maintain profitability. Accordingly, we may not be able to maintain profitability and we may incur significant losses in the future, and this could cause the price of our common stock to decline.

 

If we fail to manage our growth effectively, our brand, results of operations and business could be harmed.

 

We have experienced rapid growth in our headcount and operations, both through organic growth as well as by our recent Merger. This growth places substantial demands on management and our operational infrastructure. Many of our employees have been with us for fewer than 18 months. We intend to make substantial investments in our technology, customer service, sales and marketing infrastructure. As we continue to grow, we must effectively integrate, develop and motivate a large number of new employees, while maintaining the beneficial aspects of our Company culture. We may not be able to manage growth effectively. If we do not manage the growth of our business and operations effectively, the quality of our platform and efficiency of our operations could suffer, which could harm our brand, business and results of operations.

 

15


Table of Contents

The impact of economic conditions, including the resulting effect on consumer spending, may harm our business and results of operations.

 

Our performance is subject to economic conditions and their impact on levels of consumer spending. Some of the factors having an impact on discretionary consumer spending include general economic conditions, unemployment, consumer debt, reductions in net worth, residential real estate and mortgage markets, taxation, energy prices, interest rates, consumer confidence and other macroeconomic factors. Consumer purchases of discretionary items generally decline during recessionary periods and other periods in which disposable income is adversely affected. Small businesses that do not have substantial resources, like virtually all of the restaurants in our network, tend to be more adversely affected by poor economic conditions than large businesses. Also, because spending for food purchases from restaurants is generally considered to be discretionary, any decline in consumer spending may have a disproportionate effect on our business relative to those businesses that sell products or services considered to be necessities. If spending at many of the restaurants in our network declines, or if a significant number of these restaurants go out of business, diners may be less likely to use our service, which could harm our business and results of operations. In addition, significant adverse economic conditions could harm the businesses of our corporate customers, resulting in decreased use of our platform. Moreover, the majority of restaurants in our network are located in major metropolitan areas like New York City, Chicago and the San Francisco Bay Area. To the extent any one of these geographic areas experience any of the above described conditions to a greater extent than other geographic areas, the harm to our business and results of operations could be exacerbated.

 

We make the restaurant and diner experience our highest priority. Our dedication to making decisions based primarily on the best interests of restaurants and diners may cause us to forego short-term opportunities, which could impact our profitability.

 

We base many of our decisions upon the best interests of the restaurants and diners who use our platform. We believe that this approach has been essential to our success in increasing our growth rate and the frequency with which restaurants and diners use our platform and has served our long-term interests and those of our stockholders. We believe that it is our responsibility to make our diners happy. In the past, we have foregone, and we may in the future forego, certain expansion or revenue opportunities that we do not believe are in the best interests of our restaurants and diners, even if such decisions negatively impact our business or results of operations in the short term. Our focus on making decisions based primarily on the interests of the restaurants and diners who use our platform may not result in the long-term benefits that we expect, and our business and results of operations may be harmed.

 

If use of the Internet via websites, mobile devices and other platforms, particularly with respect to online food ordering, does not continue to increase as rapidly as we anticipate, our business and growth prospects will be harmed.

 

Our business and growth prospects are substantially dependent upon the continued and increasing use of the Internet as an effective medium of transactions by diners. Internet use may not continue to develop at historical rates, and diners may not continue to use the Internet and other online services to order their food at current or increased growth rates or at all. In addition, the Internet and mobile applications may not continue to be accepted as a viable platform or resource for a number of reasons, including:

 

   

actual or perceived lack of security of information or privacy protection;

 

   

possible disruptions, computer viruses or other damage to Internet servers, users’ computers or mobile applications;

 

   

excessive governmental regulation; and

 

   

unacceptable delays due to actual or perceived limitations of wireless networks.

 

16


Table of Contents

We face potential liability, expense for legal claims and harm to our business based on the nature of our business and the content on our platform.

 

We face potential liability, expense for legal claims and harm to our business relating to the nature of the takeout food business, including potential claims related to food offerings, delivery and quality. For example, third parties could assert legal claims against us in connection with personal injuries related to food poisoning or tampering or accidents caused by the delivery drivers of restaurants in our network. Alternatively, we could be subject to legal claims relating to the sale of alcoholic beverages by our restaurants to underage diners.

 

Reports, whether true or not, of food-borne illnesses (such as E. Coli, avian flu, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, hepatitis A, trichinosis or salmonella) and injuries caused by food tampering have severely injured the reputations of participants in the food business and could do so in the future as well. The potential for acts of terrorism on our nation’s food supply also exists and, if such an event occurs, it could harm our business and results of operations. In addition, reports of food-borne illnesses or food tampering, even those occurring solely at restaurants that are not in our network, could, as a result of negative publicity about the restaurant industry, harm our business and results of operations.

 

In addition, we face potential liability and expense for claims relating to the information that we publish on our websites and mobile applications, including claims for trademark and copyright infringement, defamation, libel and negligence, among others. For example, we could be subject to claims related to the content published on allmenus.com and MenuPages.com (“MenuPages”), which contain approximately 275,000 menus, based on the fact that we do not obtain prior permission from restaurants to include their menus.

 

We have incurred and expect to continue to incur legal claims. Potentially, the frequency of such claims could increase in proportion to the number of restaurants and diners that use our platform. These claims could divert management time and attention away from our business and result in significant costs to investigate and defend, regardless of the merits of the claims. In some instances, we may elect or be compelled to remove content or may be forced to pay substantial damages if we are unsuccessful in our efforts to defend against these claims. If we elect or are compelled to remove valuable content from our websites or mobile applications, our platform may become less useful to restaurants and diners and our traffic may decline, which could harm our business and results of operations.

 

We may not timely and effectively scale and adapt our existing technology and network infrastructure to ensure that our platform is accessible, which would harm our reputation, business and results of operations.

 

It is critical to our success that restaurants and diners within our geographic markets be able to access our platform at all times. We have previously experienced service disruptions and in the future, we may experience service disruptions, outages or other performance problems due to a variety of factors, including infrastructure changes, human or software errors, capacity constraints due to an overwhelming number of diners accessing our platform simultaneously, and denial of service or fraud or security attacks. In some instances, we may not be able to identify the cause or causes of these performance problems within an acceptable period of time. It may become increasingly difficult to maintain and improve the availability of our platform, especially during peak usage times and as our products become more complex and our diner traffic increases. If our platform is unavailable when diners attempt to access it or it does not load as quickly as they expect, diners may seek other services, and may not return to our platform as often in the future, or at all. This would harm our ability to attract restaurants and diners and decrease the frequency with which they use our platform. We expect to continue to make significant investments to maintain and improve the availability of our platform and to enable rapid releases of new features and products. To the extent that we do not effectively address capacity constraints, respond adequately to service disruptions, upgrade our systems as needed or continually develop our technology and network architecture to accommodate actual and anticipated changes in technology, our business and results of operations would be harmed.

 

17


Table of Contents

Our failure to protect personal information provided by our diners against inappropriate disclosure, including security breaches, could violate applicable law and contracts with our service providers and could result in liability to us, damage to our reputation and brand and harm to our business.

 

We rely on third-party payment processors and encryption and authentication technology licensed from third parties that is designed to effect secure transmission of personal information provided by our diners. We may need to expend significant resources to protect against impermissible disclosure, including security breaches, or to address problems caused by such disclosure. If we, or our third-party providers, are unable to maintain the security of our diners’ personal information, our reputation and brand could be harmed and we may be exposed to litigation and possible liability.

 

Because we process and transmit payment card information, we are subject to the Payment Card Industry (“PCI”) and Data Security Standard (the “Standard”). The Standard is a comprehensive set of requirements for enhancing payment account data security that was developed by the PCI Security Standards Council to help facilitate the broad adoption of consistent data security measures. We are required by payment card network rules to comply with the Standard, and our failure to do so may result in fines or restrictions on our ability to accept payment cards. Under certain circumstances specified in the payment card network rules, we may be required to submit to periodic audits, self-assessments or other assessments of our compliance with the Standard. Such activities may reveal that we have failed to comply with the Standard. If an audit, self-assessment or other test determines that we need to take steps to remediate any deficiencies, such remediation efforts may distract our management team and require us to undertake costly and time consuming remediation efforts. In addition, even if we comply with the Standard, there is no assurance that we will be protected from a security breach.

 

We are subject to payment-related risks and if payment processors are unwilling or unable to provide us with payment processing service or impose onerous requirements on us in order to access their services, or if they increase the fees they charge us for these services, our business and results of operations could be harmed.

 

We accept payments using a variety of methods, including credit and debit cards. For certain payment methods, including credit and debit cards, we pay bank interchange and other fees. These fees may increase over time and raise our operating costs and lower our profitability. We rely on third parties to provide payment processing services, including the processing of credit and debit cards. Our business may be disrupted for an extended period of time if any of these companies becomes unwilling or unable to provide these services to us. We are also subject to payment card association operating rules, certification requirements and rules governing electronic funds transfers, which could change or be reinterpreted to make it difficult or impossible for us to comply. If we fail to comply with these rules or requirements, we may be subject to fines and higher transaction fees and/or lose our ability to accept credit and debit card payments from diners or facilitate other types of online payments, and our business and results of operations could be harmed.

 

We rely on third parties, including our payment processor and data center hosts, and if these or other third parties do not perform adequately or terminate their relationships with us, our costs may increase and our business and results of operations could be harmed.

 

Our success will depend upon our relationships with third parties, including our payment processor and data center hosts. We rely on a third-party payment processor and encryption and authentication technology licensed from third parties that is designed to effect secure transmission of personal information provided by our diners. We rely on third-party data center hosts to provide a reliable network backbone with the speed, data capacity, security and hardware necessary for reliable Internet access and services. If our payment processor, or a data center host, or another third party, does not perform adequately, terminates its relationship with us or refuses to renew its agreement with us on commercially reasonable terms, we may have difficulty finding an alternate provider on similar terms and in an acceptable timeframe, our costs may increase and our business and results of operations could be harmed.

 

In addition, we rely on off-the-shelf hardware and software platforms developed by third parties to build and customize our OrderHub and Boost tablet and mobile applications. If third parties fail to continue to produce or

 

18


Table of Contents

maintain these hardware and software platforms, our OrderHub and Boost tablet and mobile applications may become less accessible to restaurants and diners, and our business and results of operations could be harmed.

 

If our security measures are compromised, or if our platform is subject to attacks that degrade or deny the ability of restaurants and diners to access our content, restaurants and diners may curtail or stop use of our platform.

 

Like all online services, our platform is vulnerable to computer viruses, break-ins, phishing attacks, attempts to overload our servers with denial-of-service, misappropriation of data through website scraping or other attacks and similar disruptions from unauthorized use of our computer systems, any of which could lead to interruptions, delays or website shutdowns, causing loss of critical data or the unauthorized disclosure or use of personally identifiable or other confidential information. Like most Internet companies, we have experienced interruptions in our service in the past due to software and hardware issues as well as denial-of-service and other cyber attacks and, in the future, may experience compromises to our security that result in performance or availability problems, the complete shutdown of our websites or the loss or unauthorized disclosure of confidential information. In the event of a prolonged service interruption or significant breach of our security measures, our restaurants and diners may lose trust and confidence in us and decrease their use of our platform or stop using our platform entirely. We may be unable to implement adequate preventative measures against or proactively address techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade service or sabotage systems because such techniques change frequently, often remain undetected until launched against a target and may originate from remote areas around the world that are less regulated. Any or all of these issues could harm our ability to attract new restaurants and diners or deter current restaurants and diners from returning, reduce the frequency with which restaurants and diners use our platform or subject us to third-party lawsuits, regulatory fines or other action or liability, thereby harming our business and results of operations.

 

We compete primarily with the traditional offline ordering process and adherence to this traditional ordering method and pressure from existing and new companies that offer online ordering could harm our business and results of operations.

 

We primarily compete with the traditional offline ordering process used by the vast majority of restaurants and diners involving the telephone and paper menus that restaurants distribute to diners, as well as advertising that restaurants place in local publications to attract diners. Changing traditional ordering habits is difficult and if restaurants and diners do not embrace the transition to online food ordering as we expect, our business and results of operations could be harmed.

 

In addition to the traditional takeout ordering process, we also compete with other online food ordering businesses, chain restaurants that have their own online ordering platforms, point of sale companies and restaurant delivery services. Our current and future competitors may enjoy competitive advantages, such as greater name recognition, longer operating histories, greater market share in certain markets and larger existing user bases in certain markets and substantially greater financial, technical and other resources than we have. Greater financial resources and product development capabilities may allow these competitors to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in restaurant and diner requirements that may render our products less attractive or obsolete. These competitors could introduce new products with competitive price and performance characteristics or undertake more aggressive marketing campaigns than ours. Large Internet companies with substantial resources, users and brand power could also decide to enter our market and compete with us. Furthermore, independent restaurants could determine that it is more cost effective to develop their own platform to permit online takeout orders rather than use our service.

 

As part of the Merger, we completed an agreement with the New York Attorney General’s Office that required us to waive the exclusivity provisions in existing agreements with restaurants located in Manhattan and to refrain from entering into any new exclusive agreements in Manhattan until February 2015. Complying with the terms of this agreement could increase the ability of our competitors to compete in Manhattan and therefore could have an impact on our market position in Manhattan. If this agreement gives our competitors an advantage, our revenue may decrease and our business and results of operations may be harmed.

 

19


Table of Contents

If we lose existing restaurants or diners in our network, fail to attract new restaurants or diners or are forced to reduce our commission percentage or make pricing concessions as a result of increased competition, our business and results of operations could be harmed.

 

If we do not continue to innovate and provide useful products or if our introduced products do not perform or are not adopted by restaurants in accordance with our expectations, we may not remain competitive and our business and results of operations could suffer.

 

Our success depends in part on our ability to continue to innovate. To remain competitive, we must continuously enhance and improve the functionality and features of our platform, including our websites and mobile applications. The Internet and the online commerce industry are rapidly changing and becoming more competitive. If competitors introduce new products embodying new technologies, or if new industry standards and practices emerge, our existing websites, technology and mobile applications may become obsolete. Our future success could depend on our ability to:

 

   

enhance our existing products and develop new products;

 

   

persuade restaurants to adopt our new technologies and products in a timely manner; and

 

   

respond to technological advances and emerging industry standards and practices on a cost-effective and timely basis.

 

Developing our platform, which includes our mobile applications, websites and other technologies entails significant technical and business risks. We may use new technologies ineffectively, or we may fail to adapt to emerging industry standards. If we face material delays in introducing new or enhanced products or if our recently introduced products do not perform in accordance with our expectations, the restaurants and diners in our network may forego the use of our products in favor of those of our competitors.

 

Internet search engines drive traffic to our platform and our new diner growth could decline and our business and results of operations would be harmed if we fail to appear prominently in search results.

 

Our success depends in part on our ability to attract diners through unpaid Internet search results on search engines like Google, Yahoo! and Bing. The number of diners we attract to our platform from search engines is due in large part to how and where our websites ranks in unpaid search results. These rankings can be affected by a number of factors, many of which are not under our direct control and may change frequently. For example, a search engine may change its ranking algorithms, methodologies or design layouts. As a result, links to our websites may not be prominent enough to drive traffic to our websites, and we may not know how or otherwise be in a position to influence the results. In some instances, search engine companies may change these rankings in a way that promotes their own competing products or services or the products or services of one or more of our competitors. Search engines may also adopt a more aggressive auction-pricing system for keywords that would cause us to incur higher advertising costs or reduce our market visibility to prospective diners. Our websites have experienced fluctuations in search result rankings in the past, and we anticipate similar fluctuations in the future. Any reduction in the number of diners directed to our platform could harm our business and results of operations.

 

We expect a number of factors to cause our results of operations to fluctuate on a quarterly and annual basis, which may make it difficult to predict our future performance.

 

Our results of operations could vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year because of a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. As a result, comparing our results of operations on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful. In addition to other risk factors discussed in this section, factors that may contribute to the variability of our quarterly and annual results include:

 

   

our ability to attract new restaurants and diners and retain existing restaurants and diners in our network;

 

   

our ability to accurately forecast revenue and appropriately plan our expenses;

 

20


Table of Contents
   

the effects of changes in search engine placement and prominence;

 

   

the effects of increased competition on our business;

 

   

our ability to successfully expand in existing markets and successfully enter new markets;

 

   

the impact of worldwide economic conditions, including the resulting effect on diner spending on takeout;

 

   

the seasonality of our business, including the effect of academic calendars on college campuses and seasonal patterns in restaurant dining;

 

   

the impact of weather on our business;

 

   

our ability to protect our intellectual property;

 

   

our ability to maintain an adequate rate of growth and effectively manage that growth;

 

   

our ability to maintain and increase traffic to our platform;

 

   

our ability to keep pace with technology changes in the takeout industry;

 

   

the success of our sales and marketing efforts;

 

   

costs associated with defending claims, including intellectual property infringement claims and related judgments or settlements;

 

   

changes in governmental or other regulation affecting our business;

 

   

interruptions in service and any related impact on our reputation or brand;

 

   

the attraction and retention of qualified employees and key personnel;

 

   

our ability to choose and effectively manage third-party service providers;

 

   

changes in diner behavior with respect to takeout, especially in New York City, Chicago and the San Francisco Bay Area;

 

   

the effects of natural or man-made catastrophic events;

 

   

the effectiveness of our internal controls;

 

   

changes in the online payment transfer rate; and

 

   

changes in our tax rates or exposure to additional tax liabilities.

 

The loss of key senior management personnel could harm our business and future prospects.

 

We depend on our senior management and other key personnel. We may not be able to retain the services of any of our senior management or other key personnel. Although we have employment agreements with our key senior management personnel, their employment is at-will and they could leave at any time. The loss of any of our executive officers or other key employees, could harm our business and future prospects.

 

We depend on talented personnel to grow and operate our business, and if we are unable to hire, retain, manage and motivate our personnel, or if our new personnel do not perform as we anticipate, we may not be able to grow effectively.

 

Our future success will depend upon our ability to continue to identify, hire, develop, motivate and retain talented personnel. We may not be able to retain the services of any of our employees or other members of senior management in the future. In addition, from time to time, there may be changes in our senior management team that may be disruptive to our business. If our senior management team fails to work together effectively and to execute our plans and strategies, our business and results of operations could be harmed.

 

Our growth strategy also depends on our ability to expand our organization by attracting and hiring high-quality personnel. Identifying, attracting, recruiting, training, integrating, managing and motivating talented

 

21


Table of Contents

individuals will require significant time, expense and attention. Competition for talent is intense, particularly in technology driven industries such as ours. If we are not able to effectively recruit and retain our talent, our business and our ability to achieve our strategic objectives would be harmed.

 

Unfavorable media coverage could harm our business and results of operations.

 

We are the subject of media coverage from time to time. Unfavorable publicity regarding our business model, content, personnel, customer service, technology, product changes, product quality or privacy practices could harm our reputation. Such negative publicity could also harm the size of our network and engagement and loyalty of our restaurants and diners, which could adversely impact our business and results of operations.

 

Our business, and that of our third-party providers and third-party data center, is subject to the risks of severe weather, earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes and other natural catastrophic events and to interruption by man-made problems such as computer viruses or terrorism.

 

Our business, particularly in areas of significant concentration like New York, Chicago and San Francisco, is subject to damage or interruption from severe weather, earthquakes, fires, floods, tornadoes, hurricanes, power losses, telecommunications failures, terrorist attacks, acts of war and similar events. For example, severe weather in Chicago, the location of our corporate headquarters and most of our customer service staff, could inhibit the ability of our customer service staff to get to work, which could result in service problems and complaints from restaurants or diners. As we rely heavily on our servers, computer and communications systems, as well as those of our third-party providers and third-party data centers, and the Internet to conduct our business and provide high quality customer service, disruptions could harm our ability to run our business, which could harm our results of operations and financial condition. For example, in October 2012, Superstorm Sandy caused blackouts throughout significant portions of New York City, which resulted in restaurants and diners being unable to access our platform for several days. These events could also negatively impact diner activity or the ability of restaurants to continue to operate.

 

Increases in food, labor, energy and other costs could adversely affect results of operations.

 

An increase in restaurant operating costs could cause restaurants in our network to raise prices or cease operations. Factors such as inflation, increased food costs, increased labor and employee benefit costs, increased rent costs and increased energy costs may increase restaurant operating costs. Many of the factors affecting restaurant costs are beyond the control of the restaurants in our network. In many cases, these restaurants may not be able to pass along these increased costs to diners and, as a result, may cease operations, which could harm our profitability and results of operations. Additionally, if these restaurants raise prices, order volume may decline, which could harm our profitability and results of operations.

 

Future acquisitions could disrupt our business and harm our business and results of operations.

 

As part of our business strategy, we will continue to selectively explore acquisition opportunities of companies and technologies to strengthen our platform. The identification of suitable acquisition candidates can be difficult, time consuming and costly, and we may not be able to successfully complete identified acquisitions. The risks we face in connection with acquisitions include:

 

   

regulatory hurdles;

 

   

the anticipated benefits may not materialize;

 

   

diversion of management time and focus from operating our business to addressing acquisition integration challenges;

 

   

transition of the acquired company’s users to our websites and mobile applications;

 

   

retention of employees from the acquired company;

 

   

cultural challenges associated with integrating employees from the acquired company into our organization;

 

22


Table of Contents
   

integration of the acquired company’s accounting, management information, human resources and other administrative systems;

 

   

the need to implement or improve controls, procedures and policies at a business that prior to the acquisition may have lacked effective controls, procedures and policies;

 

   

coordination of product development and sales and marketing functions;

 

   

liability for activities of the acquired company before the acquisition, including patent and trademark infringement claims, violations of laws, commercial disputes, tax liabilities and other known and unknown liabilities; and

 

   

litigation or other claims in connection with the acquired company, including claims from terminated employees, users, former stockholders or other third parties.

 

Our failure to address these risks or other problems encountered in connection with our past or future acquisitions and investments could cause us to fail to realize the anticipated benefits of these acquisitions or investments, cause us to incur unanticipated liabilities, and harm our business generally. Future acquisitions could also result in dilutive issuances of our equity securities, the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities, amortization expenses or the impairment of goodwill, any of which could harm our business and results of operations.

 

Government regulation of the Internet and e-commerce is evolving, and unfavorable changes could substantially harm our business and results of operations.

 

We are subject to general business regulations and laws as well as federal and state regulations and laws specifically governing the Internet and e-commerce. Existing and future laws and regulations may impede the growth of the Internet, e-commerce or other online services, and increase the cost of providing online services. These regulations and laws may cover sweepstakes, taxation, tariffs, user privacy, data protection, pricing, content, copyrights, distribution, electronic contracts and other communications, consumer protection, broadband residential Internet access and the characteristics and quality of services. It is not clear how existing laws governing issues such as property ownership, sales, use and other taxes, libel and personal privacy apply to the Internet and e-commerce. Unfavorable resolution of these issues may harm our business and results of operations.

 

Our business is subject to a variety of U.S. laws, many of which are unsettled and still developing and which could subject us to claims or otherwise harm our business or results of operations.

 

We are subject to a variety of laws in the United States, including laws regarding data retention, online credit card payments, privacy, data security, distribution of user-generated content, consumer protection and tax, which are frequently evolving and developing. The scope and interpretation of the laws that are or may be applicable to us are often uncertain and may be conflicting. For example, laws relating to the liability of providers of online services for activities of their users and other third parties are currently being tested by a number of claims, including actions based on invasion of privacy and other torts, unfair competition, copyright and trademark infringement, and other theories based on the nature and content of the materials searched, the ads posted or the content provided by users. In addition, regulatory authorities in the United States and the European Union are considering a number of legislative and regulatory proposals concerning data protection and other matters that may be applicable to our business. It is also likely that if our business grows and evolves and our products are used in a greater number of geographies, we will become subject to laws and regulations in additional jurisdictions. It is difficult to predict how existing laws will be applied to our business and the new laws to which we may become subject.

 

If we are not able to comply with these laws or regulations or if we become liable under these laws or regulations, we could be harmed, and we may be forced to implement new measures to reduce our exposure to this liability. This may require us to expend substantial resources or to discontinue certain products or features, which would negatively affect our business. In addition, the increased attention focused upon liability issues as a result of lawsuits and legislative proposals could harm our reputation or otherwise impact the growth of our business. Any costs incurred to prevent or mitigate this potential liability could also harm our business and results of operations.

 

23


Table of Contents

Failure to adequately protect our intellectual property could harm our business and results of operations.

 

Our business depends on our intellectual property, the protection of which is crucial to the success of our business. We rely on a combination of patent, trademark, trade secret and copyright law and contractual restrictions to protect our intellectual property. In addition, we attempt to protect our intellectual property, technology and confidential information by requiring our employees and consultants who develop intellectual property on our behalf to enter into confidentiality and assignment of inventions agreements and non-competition agreements, and third parties to enter into nondisclosure agreements. These agreements may not effectively prevent unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information, intellectual property or technology and may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information, intellectual property or technology. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may copy aspects of our website features, software and functionality or obtain and use information that we consider proprietary.

 

We have registered, among numerous other trademarks, “GrubHub,” “happy eating,” “Seamless,” “OrderHub” and “Your food is here.” as trademarks in the United States. Competitors have and may continue to adopt service names similar to ours, thereby harming our ability to build brand identity and possibly leading to user confusion. In addition, there could be potential trade name or trademark infringement claims brought by owners of other trademarks that are similar to our trademarks. Litigation or proceedings before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or other governmental authorities and administrative bodies in the United States and abroad may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights and to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. Our efforts to enforce or protect our proprietary rights may be ineffective and could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources, which could harm our business and results of operations.

 

We may be unable to continue to use the domain names that we use in our business, or prevent third parties from acquiring and using domain names that infringe on, are similar to, or otherwise decrease the value of our brand or our trademarks or service marks.

 

We have registered domain names for our websites that we use in our business, most importantly seamless.com, grubhub.com, MenuPages.com and allmenus.com. If we lose the ability to use a domain names, whether due to trademark claims, failure to renew the applicable registration, or any other cause, we may be forced to market our products under a new domain name, which could cause us substantial harm, or to incur significant expense in order to purchase rights to the domain name in question. In addition, our competitors and others could attempt to capitalize on our brand recognition by using domain names similar to ours. Domain names similar to ours have been registered in the United States and elsewhere. We may be unable to prevent third parties from acquiring and using domain names that infringe on, are similar to, or otherwise decrease the value of our brand or our trademarks or service marks. Protecting and enforcing our rights in our domain names may require litigation, which could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources, which could in turn harm our business and results of operations.

 

Intellectual property infringement assertions by third parties could result in significant costs and harm our business, results of operations and reputation.

 

We operate in an industry with extensive intellectual property litigation. Other parties have asserted, and in the future may assert, that we have infringed their intellectual property rights. Such litigation may involve patent holding companies or other adverse patent owners who have no relevant product revenue, and therefore our own issued and pending patents may provide little or no deterrence. We could be required to pay substantial damages or cease using intellectual property or technology that is deemed infringing.

 

For example, we are currently a defendant to a patent infringement suit filed by Ameranth, Inc. in which we are alleged to infringe on patents relating to online ordering software. See the section titled “Business—Legal Proceedings” for a further discussion of this litigation. This litigation could cause us to incur significant expenses

 

24


Table of Contents

and costs. In addition, the outcome of any litigation is inherently unpredictable and, as a result of this litigation, we may be required to pay damages, an injunction may be entered against us, or a license or other right to continue to deliver an unmodified version of the service may not be made available to us at all or may require us to pay ongoing royalties and comply with unfavorable terms. Any of these outcomes could harm our business. Even if we were to prevail, this litigation could be costly and time-consuming, could divert the attention of our management and key personnel from our business operations, and may discourage restaurants and diners from using our products.

 

Furthermore, we cannot predict whether other assertions of third-party intellectual property rights or claims arising from such assertions will substantially harm our business and results of operations. The defense of these claims and any future infringement claims, whether they are with or without merit or are determined in our favor, may result in costly litigation and diversion of technical and management personnel. Furthermore, an adverse outcome of a dispute may require us to pay damages, potentially including treble damages and attorneys’ fees if we are found to have willfully infringed a party’s patent or copyright rights; cease making, licensing or using products that are alleged to incorporate the intellectual property of others; expend additional development resources to redesign our products; and enter into potentially unfavorable royalty or license agreements in order to obtain the right to use necessary technologies. Royalty or licensing agreements, if required, may be unavailable on terms acceptable to us, or at all. In any event, we may need to license intellectual property which would require us to pay royalties or make one-time payments. Even if these matters do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor or without significant cash settlements, the time and resources necessary to resolve them could harm our business, results of operations and reputation.

 

Some of our products contain open source software, which may pose particular risks to our proprietary software and products.

 

We use open source software in our products and will use open source software in the future. From time to time, we may face claims from third parties claiming ownership of, or demanding release of, the open source software and/or derivative works that we developed using such software (which could include our proprietary source code), or otherwise seeking to enforce the terms of the applicable open source license. These claims could result in litigation and could require us to purchase a costly license or cease offering the implicated products unless and until we can re-engineer them to avoid infringement. This re-engineering process could require significant additional research and development resources. In addition to risks related to license requirements, use of certain open source software can lead to greater risks than use of third-party commercial software, as open source licensors generally do not provide warranties or controls on the origin of software. Any of these risks could be difficult to eliminate or manage, and, if not addressed, could harm our business and results of operations.

 

We may require additional capital to support business growth, and this capital might not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.

 

We intend to continue to make investments to support our business growth and may require additional funds to respond to business challenges, including the need to develop new features and products or enhance our existing products, improve our operating infrastructure or acquire complementary businesses and technologies. Accordingly, we may need to engage in equity or debt financings to secure additional funds. If we raise additional funds through future issuances of equity or convertible debt securities, our existing stockholders could suffer significant dilution, and any new equity securities we issue could have rights, preferences and privileges superior to those of holders of our common stock. Any debt financing we secure in the future could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions. We may not be able to obtain additional financing on terms favorable to us, if at all. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing or financing on terms satisfactory to us when we require it, our ability to continue to support our business growth and to respond to business challenges could be impaired, and our business may be harmed.

 

25


Table of Contents

Our business and results of operations may be harmed if we are deemed responsible for the collection and remittance of state sales taxes for our restaurants.

 

If we are deemed an agent for the restaurants in our network under state tax law, we may be deemed responsible for collecting and remitting sales taxes directly to certain states. It is possible that one or more states could seek to impose sales, use or other tax collection obligations on us with regard to such food sales. These taxes may be applicable to past sales. A successful assertion that we should be collecting additional sales, use or other taxes or remitting such taxes directly to states could result in substantial tax liabilities for past sales and additional administrative expenses, which would harm our business and results of operations.

 

Our net operating loss carryforwards may expire unutilized or underutilized, which could prevent us from offsetting future taxable income.

 

We may be limited in the portion of net operating loss carryforwards that we can use in the future to offset taxable income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As of December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, we had aggregate federal net operating loss carryforwards of $4.2 million, $3.4 million and $34.3 million, respectively, which expire at various dates through 2034. Our gross state and local net operating loss carryforwards are equal to or less than the federal net operating loss carryforward and expire over various periods based on individual state tax law.

 

We periodically assess the likelihood that we will be able to recover our net deferred tax assets. We consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, including historical levels of income, expectations and risks associated with estimates of future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible profits. As a result of this analysis of all available evidence, both positive and negative, we concluded that a valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets should be applied as of December 31, 2012. To the extent we determine that all or a portion of our valuation allowance is no longer necessary, we will recognize an income tax benefit in the period in which such determination is made for the reversal of the valuation allowance. Once the valuation allowance is eliminated or reduced, its reversal will no longer be available to offset our current tax provision. These events could harm our results of operations.

 

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock and this Offering

 

Concentration of ownership among our existing executive officers, directors and their affiliates may prevent new investors from influencing significant corporate decisions and could delay or prevent a change in corporate control.

 

Upon completion of this offering, our executive officers, directors and holders of 5% or more of our outstanding common stock will beneficially own, in the aggregate, approximately     % of our outstanding shares of common stock. Some of these persons or entities may have interests that are different from yours. For example, these stockholders may support proposals and actions with which you may disagree or which are not in your interests or which adversely impact the value of your investment. These stockholders will be able to exercise a significant level of control over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors, amendment of our certificate of incorporation and approval of significant corporate transactions. This control could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control in us or changes in management and could also make the approval of certain transactions difficult or impossible without the support of these stockholders, which in turn could reduce the price of our common stock.

 

An active, liquid and orderly trading market for our common stock may not develop or be sustained, the price of our stock may be volatile, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

 

Prior to this offering, there was no public market for shares of our common stock. The initial public offering price of our common stock will be determined through negotiation with the underwriters. This price will not necessarily reflect the price at which investors in the market will be willing to buy and sell our shares of common stock following this offering. In addition, the trading price of our common stock following this offering is likely to be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control.

 

26


Table of Contents

The price of our common stock may be volatile, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

 

The trading price of our common stock following this offering may fluctuate substantially and may be higher or lower than the initial public offering price. The trading price of our common stock following this offering will depend on a number of factors, including those described in this “—Risk Factors” section and “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” many of which are beyond our control and may not be related to our operating performance. These fluctuations could cause you to lose all or part of your investment in our common stock since you might be unable to sell your shares at or above the price you paid in this offering. Factors that could cause fluctuations in the trading price of our common stock include the following:

 

   

price and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market from time to time;

 

   

volatility in the market prices and trading volumes of technology stocks, particularly Internet stocks;

 

   

changes in operating performance and stock market valuations of other technology companies generally, or those in our industry in particular;

 

   

sales of shares of our common stock by us or our stockholders;

 

   

failure of securities analysts to maintain coverage of us, changes in financial estimates by any securities analysts who follow our Company or our failure to meet these estimates or the expectations of investors;

 

   

the financial projections we may provide to the public, any changes in those projections or our failure to meet those projections;

 

   

announcements by us or our competitors of new products;

 

   

the public’s reaction to our press releases, other public announcements and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”);

 

   

rumors and market speculation involving us or other companies in our industry;

 

   

actual or anticipated changes in our results of operations or fluctuations in our results of operations;

 

   

actual or anticipated developments in our business, our competitors’ businesses or the competitive landscape generally;

 

   

litigation involving us, our industry or both, or investigations by regulators into our operations or those of our competitors;

 

   

developments or disputes concerning our intellectual property or other proprietary rights;

 

   

announced or completed acquisitions of businesses or technologies by us or our competitors;

 

   

new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to our business;

 

   

changes in accounting standards, policies, guidelines, interpretations or principles;

 

   

any significant change in our management; and

 

   

general economic conditions and slow or negative growth of our markets.

 

Price and volume fluctuations may be even more pronounced in the trading market for our stock for a period of time following this offering. Securities class action litigation has often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility in the overall market and in the market price of a company’s securities. Such litigation, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs, divert our management’s attention and resources and harm our business and results of operations.

 

27


Table of Contents

A total of             , or             %, of our total outstanding shares after the offering are restricted from immediate resale, but may be sold on a stock exchange in the near future. The large number of shares eligible for public sale or subject to rights requiring us to register them for public sale could depress the market price of our common stock.

 

The market price of our common stock could decline as a result of sales of a large number of shares of our common stock in the market after this offering, and the perception that these sales could occur may also depress the market price of our common stock. Based on 74,385,786 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2013, we will have                  shares of common stock outstanding after this offering. Of these shares, the common stock sold in this offering will be freely tradable in the United States, except for any shares purchased by our “affiliates” as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. The holders of shares of outstanding common stock have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to dispose of or hedge any of their common stock during the 180-day period beginning on the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of Citigroup Global Capital Markets Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC. After the expiration of the 180-day restricted period, these shares may be sold in the public market in the United States, subject to prior registration in the United States, if required, or reliance upon an exemption from United States registration, including, in the case of shares held by affiliates or control persons, compliance with the volume restrictions of Rule 144.

 

Upon completion of this offering, stockholders owning an aggregate of shares will be entitled, under contracts providing for registration rights, to require us to register shares of our common stock owned by them for public sale in the United States. In addition, we intend to file a registration statement to register the approximately                  shares reserved for future issuance under our 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan. Upon effectiveness of that registration statement, subject to the satisfaction of applicable exercise periods and, in certain cases, lock-up agreements with the representatives of the underwriters referred to above, the shares of common stock issued upon exercise of outstanding options will be available for immediate resale in the United States in the open market.

 

Sales of our common stock as restrictions end or pursuant to registration rights may make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate. These sales also could cause our stock price to fall and make it more difficult for you to sell shares of our common stock. For more information on the registration rights, see “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement.”

 

Complying with the laws and regulations affecting public companies will increase our costs and the demands on management and could harm our business and results of operations.

 

As a public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and rules subsequently implemented by the SEC, and the              impose various requirements on public companies, including requiring changes in corporate governance practices. Our management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. Moreover, these rules and regulations have increased and will continue to increase our legal, accounting and financial compliance costs and have made and will continue to make some activities more time consuming and costly, particularly after we cease to be an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act enacted in April 2012. For example, we expect these rules and regulations to make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or to incur substantial costs to maintain the same or similar coverage. These rules and regulations could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or our board committees or as executive officers.

 

Our management team, including our CEO, has limited or no experience in managing publicly traded companies. Our management team and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time to new compliance initiatives and we may not successfully or efficiently manage our transition to a public company. To

 

28


Table of Contents

comply with the requirements of being a public company, we may need to undertake various actions, such as implementing new internal controls and procedures and hiring accounting or internal audit staff, which would require us to incur additional expenses and harm our results of operations.

 

We are an “emerging growth company” and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to “emerging growth companies” will make our common stock less attractive to investors.

 

We are an “emerging growth company” and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies.” We could remain an “emerging growth company” for up to five years following the completion of this offering or until (i) we achieve total annual gross revenues in excess of $1 billion during a fiscal year, (ii) become a “large accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act, as a result of achieving a public float of at least $700 million as of the end of a second fiscal quarter or (iii) we issue more than $1 billion in nonconvertible debt during the preceding three year period. The exemptions include not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our registration statement, periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

 

While we will be required to disclose changes made in our internal control and procedures on a quarterly basis, if we choose not to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404, our auditors will not be required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting until the later of the year following our first annual report required to be filed with the SEC or the date we are no longer an “emerging growth company.” We could be an “emerging growth company” for up to five years. As a result, investors may become less comfortable with the effectiveness of our internal control and the risk that material weaknesses or other deficiencies in our internal controls go undetected may increase.

 

If we choose to provide reduced disclosures in our periodic reports and proxy statements while we are an emerging growth company, investors would have access to less information and analysis about our executive compensation, which may make it difficult for investors to evaluate our executive compensation practices. We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions and provide reduced disclosure. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.

 

After we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” we will be obligated to develop and maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting. We may not complete our analysis of our internal control over financial reporting in a timely manner, or these internal controls may not be determined to be effective, which may harm investor confidence in our company and, as a result, the value of our common stock.

 

After we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” we will be required, pursuant to Section 404, to furnish a report by management on, among other things, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for the first fiscal year beginning after the effective date of this offering. This assessment will need to include disclosure of any material weaknesses identified by our management in our internal control over financial reporting.

 

We are in the early stages of the costly and challenging process of compiling the system and processing documentation necessary to perform the evaluation needed to comply with Section 404. We may not be able to complete our evaluation, testing and any required remediation in a timely fashion. During the evaluation and testing process, if we identify one or more material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, we will be unable to assert that our internal controls are effective. If we are unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, investors could lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which would cause the price of our common stock to decline.

 

29


Table of Contents

Our independent registered public accounting firm has advised us that it identified a material weakness in the internal control over financial reporting of Seamless Holdings, now known as GrubHub Inc., for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012. If our internal control over financial reporting or our disclosure controls and procedures are not effective, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results, prevent fraud or file our periodic reports in a timely manner, which may cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information and may lead to a decline in our stock price.

 

Our independent registered public accounting firm has not conducted an audit of Seamless Holdings’ (which is now known as GrubHub Inc.) internal control over financial reporting. However, in connection with its audit of Seamless Holdings’ consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 included elsewhere in this prospectus, our independent registered public accounting firm discovered a material weakness relating to the documentation of journal entry review of Seamless Holdings. A “material weakness” is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Specifically, Seamless Holdings had not regularly documented its review of journal entries.

 

Since discovery of this material weakness, we have taken steps to fully understand the material weakness and to remediate it. We have implemented a formal review of all manual journal entries, including documentation, as part of our monthly close process. Additionally, in connection with the Merger, we retained the chief financial officer and controller that served in those roles for the GrubHub Platform. By utilizing their existing accounting and finance expertise, we have built a more experienced accounting and finance organization. While we have remediated this material weakness for the period ended December 31, 2013, we may identify additional related or unrelated material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in the future. If our internal control over financial reporting or our disclosure controls and procedures are not effective, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results, prevent fraud or file our periodic reports in a timely manner, which may cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information and may lead to a decline in our stock price.

 

In addition, implementing any appropriate changes to our internal controls may distract our officers and employees, entail substantial costs to implement new processes and modify our existing processes and take significant time to complete. Moreover, any such changes do not guarantee that we will be effective in maintaining the adequacy of our internal controls, and any failure to maintain that adequacy, or consequent inability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis, could increase our operating costs and harm our business. Furthermore, investors’ perceptions that our internal controls are inadequate or that we are unable to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis may harm our stock price.

 

Anti-takeover provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, as well as provisions of Delaware law, could impair a takeover attempt.

 

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws will contain and Delaware law contains provisions which could have the effect of rendering more difficult, delaying or preventing an acquisition deemed undesirable by our board of directors. Our corporate governance documents will include provisions:

 

   

creating a classified board of directors whose members serve staggered three-year terms;

 

   

authorizing “blank check” preferred stock, which could be issued by our board of directors without stockholder approval and may contain voting, liquidation, dividend and other rights superior to our common stock;

 

   

limiting the liability of, and providing indemnification to, our directors and officers;

 

   

limiting the ability of our stockholders to call and bring business before special meetings;

 

   

requiring advance notice of stockholder proposals for business to be conducted at meetings of our stockholders and for nominations of candidates for election to our board of directors;

 

30


Table of Contents
   

controlling the procedures for the conduct and scheduling of board of directors and stockholder meetings; and

 

   

providing our board of directors with the express power to postpone previously scheduled annual meetings and to cancel previously scheduled special meetings.

 

These provisions, alone or together, could delay or prevent hostile takeovers and changes in control or changes in our management.

 

As a Delaware corporation, we are also subject to provisions of Delaware law, including Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation law, which prevents some stockholders holding more than 15% of our outstanding common stock from engaging in certain business combinations without approval of the holders of substantially all of our outstanding common stock.

 

Any provision of our certificate of incorporation, bylaws or Delaware law that has the effect of delaying or deterring a change in control could limit the opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of our common stock, and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for our common stock.

 

We may invest or spend the proceeds of this offering in ways with which you may not agree or in ways which may not yield a return or enhance the price of our common stock.

 

The net proceeds from the sale of our shares of common stock by us in this offering may be used for general corporate purposes, including working capital. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire complementary businesses, products, services or technologies. However, we do not have any agreements or commitments for any acquisitions at this time. Our management will have considerable discretion in the application of the net proceeds, and you will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. The net proceeds may be invested with a view towards long-term benefits for our stockholders and this may not increase our results of operations or market value. Until the net proceeds are used, they may be placed in investments that do not produce significant income or that may lose value.

 

Purchasers in this offering will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the book value of their investment.

 

The assumed initial public offering price of our common stock of $         per share, based on the midpoint of the price range on the cover page of this prospectus, is substantially higher than the net tangible book value per share of our outstanding common stock immediately after this offering. Therefore, if you purchase our common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate dilution of $         in the net tangible book value per share from the price you paid. In addition, following this offering, purchasers who bought shares from us in the offering will have contributed     % of the total consideration paid to us by our stockholders to purchase shares of common stock, in exchange for acquiring approximately     % of our total outstanding shares as of December 31, 2013 after giving effect to this offering. The exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants will result in further dilution.

 

If securities or industry analysts issue an adverse or misleading opinion regarding our common stock or do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our stock adversely, our stock price and trading volume could decline.

 

The trading market for our common stock will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors. We do not control these analysts or the content and opinions included in their reports. If any of the analysts who cover us change their recommendation regarding our stock adversely, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors, our stock price would likely decline. If any analyst who covers us were to cease coverage of our Company or fail to publish reports on us regularly or if analysts elect not to provide research coverage of our common stock, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.

 

31


Table of Contents

We do not expect to declare any dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

We do not anticipate declaring any cash dividends to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future. Consequently, investors may need to rely on sales of their common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on their investment. Investors seeking cash dividends should not purchase our common stock.

 

32


Table of Contents

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, which statements involve substantial risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those that we expect. Forward-looking statements generally relate to future events or our future financial or operating performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “contemplates,” “continue,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “should,” “target” or “will” or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions that concern our expectations, strategy, plans or intentions. Forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus include, but are not limited to, statements about:

 

   

our future financial performance, including our revenue, costs and expenses, our ability to generate positive cash flow and our ability to achieve and maintain profitability;

 

   

the sufficiency of our cash and cash equivalents to meet our liquidity needs;

 

   

our ability to effectively manage our integration after the Merger;

 

   

our ability to attract and retain restaurants to use our platform;

 

   

our ability to increase the number of and retain existing diners using our websites and mobile applications;

 

   

our ability to strengthen our two-sided network;

 

   

the growth in the usage of our mobile applications and our ability to continue to successfully monetize this usage;

 

   

our ability to innovate and provide a superior experience to restaurants and diners;

 

   

our ability to successfully expand in our existing markets and into new markets;

 

   

our ability to effectively manage our growth and future expenses;

 

   

our ability to maintain, protect and enhance our intellectual property;

 

   

our ability to comply with modified or new laws and regulations applying to our business; and

 

   

the attraction and retention of qualified employees and key personnel.

 

While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, we caution that it is very difficult to predict the impact of known factors, and it is impossible for us to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations, or cautionary statements, are disclosed under “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this prospectus. All forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. You should evaluate all forward-looking statements made in this prospectus in the context of these risks and uncertainties.

 

We caution you that the factors referenced above may not contain all of the factors that are important to you. In addition, we cannot assure you that we will realize the results or developments we expect or anticipate or, even if substantially realized, that they will result in the consequences we anticipate or affect us or our operations in the way we expect. The forward-looking statements included in this prospectus are made only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law. If we do update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be made that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements.

 

33


Table of Contents

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

 

Unless otherwise stated or the context requires otherwise, (i) when we refer to the “Seamless Platform,” we refer to the operations for Seamless North America, LLC as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011 and from January 1, 2012 through October 28, 2012, the date when Aramark Corporation (“Aramark”) completed the spin-off of its interest in the Seamless business, and for Seamless Holdings Corporation, an entity formed for the purpose of completing the spin-off and whose assets primarily consist of Aramark’s former interest in the Seamless business and its subsidiaries (“Seamless Holdings”), beginning on October 29, 2012, (ii) when we refer to the “GrubHub Platform,” we refer to the operations of GrubHub Holdings Inc., formerly known as GrubHub, Inc. (“GrubHub Holdings”), and its subsidiaries and (iii) all share and per share data in this prospectus reflects the 1-for-2 reverse stock split of our issued and outstanding common stock and Preferred Stock (the “Reverse Stock Split”), which we expect to effect prior to the consummation of this offering. On August 8, 2013 (the “Merger Date”), we completed a merger of the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform (the “Merger”). Through the Merger, we formed GrubHub Inc., formerly known as GrubHub Seamless Inc., which includes both the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform.

 

Financial Information

 

Unless otherwise stated or the context requires otherwise, the historical financial information included throughout this prospectus reflects the historical financial condition and results of operations for the Seamless Platform as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012. The results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2013 include the results of operations for the Seamless Platform alone from January 1, 2013 through the Merger Date and for both the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform, as reflected in the financial statements of GrubHub Inc., after the Merger Date through December 31, 2013. The balance sheet data as of December 31, 2013 reflects the financial condition of GrubHub Inc.

 

Operating Metrics

 

Throughout this prospectus, we discuss key business metrics, including Active Diners, Daily Average Grubs and Gross Food Sales. Unless otherwise stated or the context requires otherwise, each of these metrics include results for the Seamless Platform alone prior to the Merger Date and for both the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform, as GrubHub Inc., after the Merger Date to December 31, 2013. Our key business metrics are defined as follows:

 

   

Active Diners .    We count Active Diners as the number of unique diner accounts from which an order has been placed in the past twelve months through our platform. We began including Active Diners from the GrubHub Platform as of the Merger Date. Unless otherwise stated or the context requires otherwise, when we disclose the number of Active Diners as of December 31, 2013, this includes the number of diner accounts from which an order has been placed in the past twelve months through either the GrubHub Platform or the Seamless Platform. Some of our diners could have more than one account if they were to set up multiple accounts using a different e-mail address for each account. As a result, it is possible that our Active Diner metric may count certain diners more than once during any given period.

 

   

Daily Average Grubs .    We count Daily Average Grubs as the number of revenue generating orders placed on our platform divided by the number of days for a given period. Unless otherwise stated or the context requires otherwise, when we disclose the Daily Average Grubs during the year ended December 31, 2013, this includes the sum of the number of revenue generating orders placed on the Seamless Platform between January 1, 2013 and August 8, 2013 and the number of revenue generating orders placed on both the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform between August 9, 2013 and December 31, 2013, divided by the number of days in that period.

 

   

Gross Food Sales.     We calculate Gross Food Sales as the total value of food, beverages, taxes, prepaid gratuities, and any delivery fees processed through our platform. We include all revenue generating orders placed on our platform. Because we act as an agent of the merchant in the transaction, we recognize as revenues only our commissions from the transaction, which are a percentage of the total Gross Food Sales for such transaction. Unless otherwise stated or the context requires otherwise, when we disclose Gross

 

34


Table of Contents
 

Food Sales during the twelve months ended December 31, 2013, we include the total value of food, beverages, taxes, prepaid gratuities, and any delivery fees processed through the Seamless Platform from January 1, 2013 to August 8, 2013 and the total value of food, beverages, taxes, prepaid gratuities, and any delivery fees processed through both the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform from August 9, 2013 to December 31, 2013.

 

References to Daily Average Grubs and Gross Food Sales as “combined” reflect the combined results for the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform beginning on the first day of the period for which the operating metric is presented.

 

References herein to “diners” are to diners on our platform.

 

References to the number of restaurants on our platform include all restaurants that have an open contract with us (and exclude duplicate entries for restaurants on both the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform), regardless of the restaurant’s level of activity on our platform.

 

35


Table of Contents

INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA

 

This prospectus also contains statistical data, estimates and forecasts that are based on independent industry publications, such as those published by Euromonitor, or other publicly available information, as well as other information based on our internal sources. The industry data presented in this prospectus related to the size of the U.S. independent restaurant market is based on data from the 2013 Euromonitor International report and our analysis of such data. References to independent restaurants included in this prospectus exclude chains with greater than ten outlets and street stalls, kiosks and self service cafeterias. None of the independent industry publications referred to in this prospectus were prepared on our or on our affiliates’ behalf or at our expense. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding any third-party information presented in this prospectus, Euromonitor International’s figures are based on official statistics, trade associations, trade press, company research, trade interviews and trade services, and as such have not been independently verified by Euromonitor International in each case.

 

36


Table of Contents

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

We expect to receive net proceeds from this offering of approximately $             million, based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $             per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. If the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares from us is exercised in full, we estimate that our net proceeds would be approximately $             million, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock by the selling stockholders.

 

Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $             per share would increase or decrease the net proceeds that we receive from this offering by approximately $             million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. Similarly, each increase or decrease of one million in the number of shares of common stock offered by us would increase or decrease the net proceeds that we receive from this offering by approximately $             million, assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us.

 

The principal purposes of this offering are to increase our financial flexibility, create a public market for our common stock and facilitate our future access to the public equity markets.

 

We currently intend to use the net proceeds that we will receive from this offering (including any additional proceeds that we may receive if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock) for working capital and other general corporate purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds that we receive to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, products, services, technologies or other assets. We have not entered into any agreements or commitments with respect to any acquisitions or investments at this time.

 

We cannot specify with certainty the particular uses of the net proceeds that we will receive from this offering. Accordingly, we will have broad discretion in using these proceeds. Pending the use of proceeds from this offering as described above, we plan to invest the net proceeds that we receive in this offering in short-term and intermediate-term interest-bearing obligations, investment-grade investments, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government.

 

37


Table of Contents

DIVIDEND POLICY

 

We made dividend payments to our common and preferred stockholders in 2011, 2012 and 2013, but we currently intend to retain any future earnings and do not expect to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to declare dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to applicable laws, and will depend on a number of factors, including our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, general business conditions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. Any accrued and unpaid dividends on our convertible Preferred Stock will be extinguished upon the conversion of all convertible Preferred Stock immediately prior to the closing of this offering.

 

38


Table of Contents

CAPITALIZATION

 

The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of December 31, 2013 as follows:

 

   

on an actual basis;

 

   

on a pro forma basis, giving effect to the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our convertible Preferred Stock into an aggregate of 19,284,113 shares of common stock, which conversion will occur immediately prior to the closing of this offering, as if such conversion had occurred on December 31, 2013;

 

   

on a pro forma as adjusted basis, giving effect to the pro forma adjustments set forth above and the sale and issuance by us of                  shares of common stock in this offering, based on an assumed initial public offering price of $             per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us; and

 

   

reflecting the completion of the Reverse Stock Split, which we expect to effect prior to the consummation of this offering.

 

The pro forma as adjusted information set forth in the table below is illustrative only and will be adjusted based on the actual initial public offering price and other final terms of this offering. You should read this table together with our financial statements and related notes, and the sections titled “Use of Proceeds,” “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” that are included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

     As of December 31, 2013  
     Actual      Pro Forma      Pro Forma as
Adjusted
 
     (in thousands, except share and per share
data)
 

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 86,542       $                    $                
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Redeemable common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 1,344,236 shares outstanding

   $ 18,415       $         $     

Stockholders’ equity:

     

Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, issued in Series A; 19,284,113 shares authorized, 19,284,113 shares issued and outstanding, actual; no shares issued and outstanding, pro forma and pro forma as adjusted

     2         —           —     

Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share: 165,000,000 shares authorized, 53,757,437 shares issued and outstanding, actual; 500,000,000 shares authorized,              shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; and 500,000,000 shares authorized,              shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted

     5      

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     132      

Additional paid-in capital

     500,356      

Retained earnings

     56,880      
  

 

 

       

Total stockholders’ equity

     557,375      
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total capitalization

   $ 575,790       $         $     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

If the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares from us were exercised in full, pro forma as adjusted cash and cash equivalents, additional paid-in capital, total stockholders’ equity and shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2013 would be $             million, $             million, $             million and $            , respectively.

 

39


Table of Contents

Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $         per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, our cash and cash equivalents, additional paid-in capital and total stockholders’ equity by approximately $             million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. Similarly, each increase or decrease of one million in the number of shares of common stock offered by us would increase or decrease the net proceeds that we receive from this offering by approximately $             million, assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us.

 

The pro forma and pro forma as adjusted columns in the table above exclude the following:

 

   

7,530,948 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock that were outstanding as of December 31, 2013, with a weighted average exercise price of $4.08 per share; and

 

   

2,527,028 shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan as of December 31, 2013, and any future increase in shares reserved for issuance under such plan.

 

40


Table of Contents

DILUTION

 

If you invest in our common stock in this offering, your ownership interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share of our common stock and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering. Net tangible book value dilution per share to new investors represents the difference between the amount per share paid by purchasers of shares of common stock in this offering and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of common stock immediately after completion of this offering.

 

Net tangible book value per share is determined by dividing our total tangible assets less our total liabilities by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. Our net tangible book value calculation excludes intangible assets and deferred tax liability associated with intangible assets. Our historical net tangible book value as of December 31, 2013 was $59.6 million, or $1.08 per share. Our pro forma net tangible book value as of December 31, 2013 was $59.6 million, or $0.80 per share, based on the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2013, after giving effect to the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our convertible Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2013 into an aggregate of 19,284,113 shares of common stock, which conversion will occur immediately prior to the closing of this offering.

 

After giving effect to the sale by us of shares of             common stock in this offering at the assumed initial public offering price of $         per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2013 would have been $         million, or $         per share. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of $         per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution in pro forma net tangible book value of $         per share to investors purchasing shares of common stock in this offering at the assumed initial public offering price. The following table illustrates this dilution:

 

Assumed initial public offering price per share

      $                

Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2013

   $ 0.80      

Increase in pro forma net tangible book value per share attributable to new investors in this offering

     
  

 

 

    

Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share immediately after this offering

     
     

 

 

 

Dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering

      $     
     

 

 

 

 

Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $         per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share to new investors by $        , and would increase or decrease, as applicable, dilution per share to new investors in this offering by $        , assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. In addition, to the extent any outstanding options or warrants to purchase common stock are exercised, new investors would experience further dilution. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares from us in full, the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering would be $         per share, and the dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering would be $         per share.

 

The following table presents, on a pro forma as adjusted basis as of December 31, 2013, after giving effect to the conversion of all outstanding shares of convertible Preferred Stock into common stock immediately prior to the closing of this offering, the differences between the existing stockholders and the new investors purchasing shares of our common stock in this offering with respect to the number of shares purchased from us, the total consideration paid or to be paid to us, which includes net proceeds received from the issuance of common stock

 

41


Table of Contents

and convertible Preferred Stock, cash received from the exercise of stock options and the average price per share paid or to be paid to us at an assumed offering price of $         per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, before deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us:

 

     Shares Purchased     Total Consideration     Average
Price
per Share
 
       Number      Percent     Amount     Percent    

Existing stockholders

     74,385,786                $ 41,361,000 (1)              $ 0.56   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

New investors

           
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Totals

        100   $          100  
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

(1)   Includes (i) $50,000,000 of preferred units in Seamless North America, LLC issued in connection with Spectrum’s (as defined below) initial investment, which were exchanged for shares of our Preferred Stock in connection with the Merger and (ii) $1,498,442 received by the Company in connection with the exercise of options.

 

Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $         per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, the total consideration paid by new investors and total consideration paid by all stockholders by approximately $         million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. In addition, to the extent any outstanding options to purchase common stock are exercised, new investors will experience further dilution.

 

Except as otherwise indicated, the above discussion and tables assume no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full from us, our existing stockholders would own         % and our new investors would own         % of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding upon the completion of this offering and the net tangible book value would be $         per share and the dilution to new investors in this offering would be $         per share.

 

The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on the number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2013 after giving effect to the Reverse Stock Split, which we expect to effect prior to the consummation of this offering, and excludes:

 

   

7,530,948 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock that were outstanding as of December 31, 2013, with a weighted average exercise price of $4.08 per share; and

 

   

2,527,028 shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan as of December 31, 2013, and any future increase in shares reserved for issuance under such plan.

 

42


Table of Contents

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

During the year ended December 31, 2013, we made the following acquisitions:

 

   

on August 8, 2013, GrubHub Inc. acquired all of the equity interests of each of Seamless North America, LLC, Seamless Holdings and GrubHub Holdings, pursuant to the Reorganization and Contribution Agreement, dated as of May 19, 2013, by and among the Company, Seamless North America, LLC, Seamless Holdings, GrubHub Holdings and the other parties thereto.

 

For purposes of the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2013, we assumed that the Merger occurred on January 1, 2013 as it relates to the year ended December 31, 2013. As a result, the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Statement of Operations was derived from:

 

   

the audited historical statement of operations of Seamless Holdings (Acquirer) for the year ended December 31, 2013; and

 

   

the unaudited historical statement of operations of GrubHub Holdings (Acquiree) for the period January 1, 2013 to August 8, 2013.

 

The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Statement of Operations is presented for illustration purposes only and does not necessarily indicate the results of operations that would have been achieved if the Merger had occurred at the beginning of the period presented, nor is it indicative of future results of operations.

 

The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Statement of Operations should be read in conjunction with the Company’s historical financial statements and accompanying notes included in this prospectus.

 

GrubHub Inc. Basic and Diluted earnings per share :

 

Basic: The weighted average number of shares outstanding used to calculate basic earnings per share in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Statement of Operations does not account for the automatic conversion of Preferred Stock into shares of common stock that will occur immediately prior to the closing of this offering.

 

Diluted: Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period and potentially dilutive common stock equivalents, except in cases where the effect of the common stock equivalent would be antidilutive. Potential common stock equivalents consist of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options using the treasury stock method and common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock.

 

Pro Forma Basic and Diluted earnings per share :

 

Basic: The weighted average number of shares outstanding used to calculate the pro forma basic earnings per share in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Statement of Operations reflects the common stock issued at the time of the Merger as if the common stock had been issued as of the beginning of each period presented after giving effect to the Reverse Stock Split, which we expect to effect prior to the consummation of this offering.

 

Diluted: Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period and potentially dilutive common stock equivalents, except in cases where the effect of the common stock equivalent would be antidilutive, after giving effect to the Reverse Stock Split. Potential common stock equivalents consist of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options using the treasury stock method and common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock.

 

43


Table of Contents

GrubHub Inc.

Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Statement of Operations

For the Year Ended December 31, 2013

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

    GrubHub
Inc.
    GrubHub
Holdings
from
January 1,
2013 to
August 8,
2013
    Acquisition
Adjustments

(A)
    Acquisition
Adjustments

(B)
    Acquisition
Adjustments

(C)
    Acquisition
Adjustments

(D)
    Pro Forma  

Revenues

  $ 137,143      $ 32,943      $ —        $ —        $ —        $ —        $ 170,086   

Sales and marketing

    37,347        10,948        —          540        —          —          48,835   

Operations and support

    34,173        11,466        —          491        —          —          46,130   

Technology (exclusive of amortization)

    15,357        3,794        —          306        —          —          19,457   

General and administrative

    21,907        10,495        —          1,660        (9,131     —          24,931   

Depreciation and amortization

    13,470        1,536        6,475        —          —          —          21,481   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

    122,254        38,239        6,475        2,997        (9,131     —          160,834   

Income (loss) before provision for income taxes

    14,889        (5,296     (6,475     (2,997     9,131        —          9,252   

Provision for income taxes

    8,142        —          —          —          —          (3,050     5,092   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

  $ 6,747      $ (5,296   $ (6,475   $ (2,997   $ 9,131      $ 3,050      $ 4,160   

Dividends on Preferred Stock

    (1,073               (1,073
 

 

 

             

 

 

 

Net income per share attributable to common stockholders

  $ 5,674                $ 3,087   

Basic

  $ 0.14                $ 0.06   

Diluted

  $ 0.12                $ 0.06   

Weighted average number of shares outstanding:

             

Basic

    40,681                  54,774   

Diluted

    56,645                  75,634   

 

44


Table of Contents

GrubHub Inc.

Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Statement of Operations

For the Year Ended December 31, 2013

(In thousands, except share data)

 

(A)     Amortization

 

The pro forma adjustment reflects the additional amortization that would have been recognized on the intangible assets had the acquisitions occurred on January 1, 2013.

 

     Useful life      GrubHub Holdings Amortization  
        January 1, 2013
to August 8, 2013
 

Developed technology

     3 years       $ 1,038   

Customer list

     16.4 years         6,171   
     

 

 

 

Total pro forma impact

        7,209   

Less amounts already recorded

        (734
     

 

 

 

Adjustment necessary

      $ 6,475   
     

 

 

 

 

(B)    Replacement stock option awards

 

In connection with the Merger, we were required to replace the GrubHub Platform share based payment awards. The fair value of the replacement options for services performed after the Merger was recognized as compensation cost. The pro forma adjustment reflects an adjustment of $2,997 had the Merger occurred on January 1, 2013.

 

(C)     Transaction costs

 

The pro forma adjustment reflects the elimination of the transaction costs incurred of $9,131 in connection with the Merger, including $4,667 of transaction costs at GrubHub Inc. and $4,464 of transaction costs at GrubHub Holdings.

 

(D)     Income taxes

 

The $3,050 pro forma adjustment reflects the estimated income tax benefit that would have been recognized for the year ended December 31, 2013 had the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2013. The pro forma tax expense was determined by using the Company’s historical effective tax rate.

 

45


Table of Contents

SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA

 

The following selected historical consolidated financial and other data is derived from our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus reflect the results of operations and financial condition of (i) the Seamless Platform as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, (ii) the Seamless Platform from January 1, 2013 through the Merger Date and for both the Seamless Platform and the GrubHub Platform after the Merger Date through December 31, 2013 and (iii) GrubHub Inc. as of December 31, 2013. The share and per share amounts for all periods reflect the completion of the Reverse Stock Split, which we expect to effect prior to the consummation of this offering. The audited consolidated financial statements reflect, in the opinion of management, all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature that are necessary for the fair presentation of the financial statements. You should read the selected financial data below in conjunction with the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
(In thousands, except per share data)    2011     2012     2013 (1)  

Statement of Operations Data:

      

Revenues

   $ 60,611      $ 82,299      $ 137,143   

Costs and expenses:

      

Sales and marketing

     17,198        26,892        37,347   

Operations and support

     13,961        18,165        34,173   

Technology (exclusive of amortization)

     5,651        10,172        15,357   

General and administrative

     9,777        12,249       
21,907
  

Depreciation and amortization

    
4,033
  
   
6,089
  
   
13,470
  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

     50,620        73,567        122,254   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

     9,991        8,732        14,889   

Provision (Benefit) for income taxes

     (5,220     813        8,142   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     15,211        7,919        6,747   

Dividends on Preferred Stock

     (334     (402     (1,073
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to common stockholders

   $ 14,877      $ 7,517      $ 5,674   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income per share attributable to common stockholders:

      

Basic

   $ 0.48      $ 0.24      $ 0.14   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted

   $ 0.36      $ 0.19      $ 0.12   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average shares used to compute net income per share attributable to common stockholders:

      

Basic

     31,320        31,320        40,681   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted

     42,505        42,666        56,645   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders (unaudited) (2) :

      

Basic

     $ 0.14      $ 0.12   
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted

     $ 0.14      $ 0.12   
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average shares used to compute pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders (unaudited) (2) :

      

Basic

       42,505        55,071   
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted

       42,666        56,645   
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other Financial Information:

      

Adjusted EBITDA (3)

   $ 14,827      $ 17,185      $ 38,134   

Cash Flows Data:

      

Net cash from operating activities

   $ 32,094      $ 29,578      $ 40,819   

Net cash from investing activities

     (36,949     10,303        6,245   

Net cash from financing activities

     7,321        (2,218     (1,842

Distribution to stockholders

     (16,690     (1,588     (1,893

 

(1)   Includes results for Seamless Holdings through the Merger, and of GrubHub Inc., for the remainder of the period presented.

 

46


Table of Contents
(2)   Pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders has been calculated assuming the conversion of all outstanding shares of our convertible Preferred Stock into shares of our common stock, as though the conversion had occurred as of the beginning of 2011 or the original date of issue, if later.
(3)   See the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for more information and for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net loss, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.

 

     As of December 31,      As of December 31, 2013  
     2011     2012      Actual (1)      Pro  Forma (2)      Pro Forma  as
Adjusted (3)(4)
 
                  (in thousands)  
                  (unaudited)  

Balance Sheet Data:

       

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 3,383      $ 41,161       $ 86,542       $                    $                

Property and equipment, net

     11,233        13,341         17,096         

Working capital

     (11,905     3,837         29,568         

Total assets

     184,940        206,255         762,812         

Convertible Preferred Stock

     1        1         2         

Total stockholders’ equity

     131,971        137,888         557,375         

 

(1)   Reflects the actual balances at GrubHub Inc. as of December 31, 2013.
(2)   The pro forma column above reflects the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our convertible Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2013 into an aggregate of 19,284,113 shares of common stock, which conversion will occur immediately prior to the closing of this offering, as if such conversion had occurred on December 31, 2013.
(3)   The pro forma as adjusted column above gives effect to the pro forma adjustments set forth above and the sale and issuance by us of             shares of common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $         per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
(4)   Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $         per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, the cash and cash equivalents, working capital, total assets and total stockholders’ equity by $         million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. An increase or decrease of one million shares in the number of shares offered by us would increase or decrease, as applicable, the cash and cash equivalents, working capital, total assets and total stockholders’ equity by $         million assuming an initial public offering price of $         per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us.

 

Key Business Metrics

 

To analyze our business performance, determine financial forecasts and help develop long-term strategic plans, we review the following key business metrics:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2012          2013      
     (unaudited)  

Active Diners (1)

     689,000         986,000         3,421,000   

Daily Average Grubs (2)

     45,700         62,000         107,900   

Gross Food Sales (in millions) (3)

   $ 412.2       $ 568.8       $ 1,014.9   

 

(1)   We count Active Diners as the number of unique diner accounts from which an order has been placed in the past twelve months through our platform. We began including Active Diners from the GrubHub Platform as of the Merger Date.
(2)   We count Daily Average Grubs as the number of revenue generating orders placed on our platform divided by the number of days for a given period.
(3)   We calculate Gross Food Sales as the total value of food, beverages, taxes, prepaid gratuities, and any delivery fees processed through our platform. We include all revenue generating orders placed on our platform. Because we act as an agent of the merchant in the transaction, we recognize as revenues only our commissions from the transaction, which are a percentage of the total Gross Food Sales for such transaction.

 

47


Table of Contents

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

 

Adjusted EBITDA is a financial measure that is not calculated in accordance with GAAP. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income adjusted to exclude acquisition costs and related severance, incomes taxes, depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation expense. Below, we have provided a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to our net income, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to net income or any other measure of financial performance calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Our Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other organizations because other organizations may not calculate Adjusted EBITDA in the same manner as we calculate the measure.

 

We include Adjusted EBITDA in this prospectus because it is an important measure upon which our management assesses our operating performance. We use Adjusted EBITDA as a key performance measure because we believe it facilitates operating performance comparisons from period to period by excluding potential differences primarily caused by variations in capital structures, tax positions, the impact of acquisitions and restructuring, the impact of depreciation and amortization expense on our fixed assets and the impact of stock-based compensation expense. Because Adjusted EBITDA facilitates internal comparisons of our historical operating performance on a more consistent basis, we also use Adjusted EBITDA for business planning purposes and in evaluating acquisition opportunities. In addition, we believe Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are widely used by investors, securities analysts, ratings agencies and other parties in evaluating companies in our industry as a measure of financial performance and debt-service capabilities.

 

Our use of Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

 

   

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our cash expenditures for capital equipment or other contractual commitments;

 

   

although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect capital expenditure requirements for such replacements;

 

   

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs; and

 

   

other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate Adjusted EBITDA measures differently, which reduces their usefulness as comparative measures.

 

In evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, you should be aware that in the future we will incur expenses similar to some of the adjustments in this presentation. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by these expenses or any unusual or non-recurring items. When evaluating our performance, you should consider Adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, including our net income and other GAAP results.

 

48


Table of Contents

The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to our net income, the most comparable GAAP measure, for each of the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011          2012               2013      
     (in thousands)  
     (unaudited)  

Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA:

  

Net income

   $ 15,211      $ 7,919       $ 6,747   

Income taxes (2)

     (5,220     813         8,142   

Depreciation and amortization

     4,033        6,089         13,470   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

EBITDA

     14,024        14,821         28,359   

Merger and restructuring costs (3)

     —          —           4,842   

Stock-based compensation

     803        2,364         4,933   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 14,827      $ 17,185       $ 38,134   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)   Includes results for Seamless Holdings through August 8, 2013, when we completed the Merger, and of GrubHub Inc., the combined company, for the remainder of the period presented.
(2)   The increase in income tax expense was primarily attributable to a reversal of deferred tax liability of $8.1 million in 2011 associated with the June 2011 sale of preferred stock to SLW Investors, LLC offset by 2011 income tax paid of $2.2 million, which represents the income tax expense from January 1, 2011 through May 31, 2011. For the period January 1, 2012 through October 27, 2012, the Company was a pass-through entity for income tax purposes. Immediately following the Merger Date, 100% of our taxable income is subject to income tax.
(3)   Merger and restructuring costs include transaction and integration related costs, such as legal and accounting costs, associated with the Merger, and restructuring costs.

 

49


Table of Contents

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the sections titled “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information” and “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data,” and the financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. Unless otherwise stated, the discussion below primarily reflects the historical condition and results of operations for (i) the Seamless Platform as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the nine months ended September 30, 2012, (ii) the Seamless Platform from January 1, 2013 through the Merger Date and for both the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform after the Merger Date through December 31, 2013 and (iii) GrubHub Inc. as of December 31, 2013. Additionally, unless otherwise stated, all results from the GrubHub Platform refer to the period after the Merger Date to December 31, 2013. The share and per share amounts for all periods reflect the completion of the Reverse Stock Split, which we expect to effect prior to the consummation of this offering. For purposes of the following discussion of the financial condition and results of operations only, the terms, “GrubHub,” “we,” “us,” “our,” “our platform” and “the Company” refer to the Seamless Platform prior to the Merger Date and the GrubHub Platform and Seamless Platform combined following the Merger Date.

 

This discussion contains forward-looking statements that primarily relate to GrubHub Inc., the combined company of the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform, and involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed below, which primarily reflect the results of the Seamless Platform. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below and those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Overview

 

GrubHub is the leading online and mobile platform for restaurant pick-up and delivery orders, which we refer to as takeout. We processed more than 135,000 combined Daily Average Grubs in 2013 and had approximately $1.3 billion of combined Gross Food Sales on our platforms in 2013. We connect local restaurants with hungry diners in more than 600 cities across the United States and are focused on transforming the takeout experience. For restaurants, GrubHub generates higher margin takeout orders at full menu prices. Our platform empowers diners with a “direct line” into the kitchen, avoiding the inefficiencies, inaccuracies and frustrations associated with paper menus and phone orders. We have a powerful two-sided network that creates additional value for both restaurants and diners as it grows.

 

Our target market is primarily independent restaurants. These independent restaurants, which account for 61% of all U.S. restaurants (according to Euromonitor), remain local, highly fragmented and are mostly owner-operated family businesses. According to Euromonitor, Americans spent $204 billion at these approximately 350,000 independent restaurants in 2012. We believe that Americans spent approximately $67 billion on takeout at these independent restaurants.

 

For restaurants, takeout enables them to grow their business without adding seating capacity or wait staff. Advertising for takeout, typically done through the distribution of menus to local households or advertisements in local publications, is often inefficient and requires upfront payment with no certainty of success. In contrast, we provide the approximately 28,800 restaurants on our platform (as of December 31, 2013) with an efficient way to generate more takeout orders. We enable restaurants to access local diners at the moment when those diners are hungry and ready to purchase takeout. In addition, we do not charge the restaurants in our network any upfront or subscription fees, we do not require any discounts from their full price menus and we only get paid for the orders we generate for them, providing restaurants with a low-risk, high-return solution. We charge restaurants a per-order commission that is primarily percentage-based.

 

50


Table of Contents

As our two-sided network of restaurants and diners has grown, many of our restaurants have chosen to pay higher rates to receive better exposure to more diners on our platform, and this has resulted in higher overall commission rates for us.

 

For diners, the traditional takeout ordering process is often a frustrating experience—from using paper menus to communicating an order by phone to a busy restaurant employee. In contrast, ordering on GrubHub is enjoyable and a dramatic improvement over the “menu drawer.” We provide the 3.4 million Active Diners on our platform (as of December 31, 2013) with an easy-to-use, intuitive and personalized platform that helps them search for and discover local restaurants and then accurately and efficiently place an order from any Internet-connected device. We also provide diners with information and transparency about their orders and status and solve problems that may arise. In addition, we make re-ordering convenient by storing previous orders, preferences and payment information, helping us promote diner frequency and drive strong repeat business.

 

The proliferation of mobile devices over the past few years has significantly increased the value of our platform. With powerful, easy-to-use mobile applications for iPhone, iPad and Android, we enable diners to access GrubHub whenever and wherever they want takeout. All of the discovery and ordering capabilities that are available on our consumer websites are also available through our mobile applications. We monetize the orders placed through our mobile applications using the same rate as orders placed through our websites. Our mobile applications make ordering from GrubHub more accessible and personal, driving increased use of our platform by restaurants and diners. Orders placed on mobile devices increased from approximately 20% of our consumer orders in the quarter ended December 31, 2011 to approximately 43% of our consumer orders in the quarter ended December 31, 2013.

 

Our business has grown rapidly. In 2013, we generated revenue of $137.1 million, representing a 67% increase from 2012. Our revenue growth has been driven primarily by increasing adoption of our platform by restaurants and diners, with 3.4 million Active Diners as of December 31, 2013, and the inclusion of results from the GrubHub Platform. $26.3 million of the increase in revenue and 1.9 million of the increase in Active Diners were due to the inclusion of results from the GrubHub Platform following the Merger Date. In 2013, our net income was $6.7 million and our Adjusted EBITDA was $38.1 million. See “Summary—Summary Historical Consolidated Financial Information” for a discussion and reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income.

 

Since the inception of the GrubHub Platform in 2004, the two-sided network has grown by achieving key milestones, including:

 

   

in 2005, the GrubHub Platform started taking orders from diners in the Chicago metropolitan market;

 

   

in 2010 and 2011, the GrubHub Platform expanded by adding over 20 metropolitan markets;

 

   

in 2010, the GrubHub Platform launched its first fully functional iPhone application and, in June 2011, it launched its first fully functional Android application; and

 

   

in September 2011, the GrubHub Platform acquired Dotmenu, Inc. (“DotMenu”), which operated campusfood.com and allmenus.com; campusfood.com provided the GrubHub Platform with an online presence in over 70 additional college markets and allmenus.com provided it with an online menu directory that contained approximately 250,000 menus and gave it a valuable source of leads for both restaurants and diners.

 

The Seamless Platform was founded in 1999 as a corporate online ordering solution for employee meals, billing and invoicing automation. The Seamless Platform has grown by achieving, among others, the following key milestones:

 

   

in 1999, the Seamless Platform started taking orders from its corporate ordering program in New York City;

 

   

in 2003, the Seamless Platform expanded by adding two additional markets: Chicago and Washington, D.C.;

 

   

in 2005, the Seamless Platform started taking orders from consumers;

 

51


Table of Contents
   

in 2006, the Seamless Platform was acquired by Aramark;

 

   

in 2010, the Seamless Platform launched its first iPhone application and, in January 2011, it launched its first Android application;

 

   

in June 2011, Spectrum Equity (“Spectrum”) made a minority investment in the Seamless Platform, which resulted in the Seamless Platform placing a greater focus on its consumer business;

 

   

in February 2012, the Seamless Platform launched its first iPad application; and

 

   

in October 2012, Aramark completed its spin-off of the Seamless Platform as an independent company.

 

We completed the Merger of the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform on the Merger Date. The Merger has enabled us to expand our two-sided network, connecting customers in the geographies we serve with more restaurants. Through the combination of the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform, we are able to eliminate duplicative marketing expenses and restaurant sales and take advantage of a complementary geographic footprint.

 

We generate revenues primarily when diners place an order on our platform. Restaurants pay us a commission, typically a percentage of the transaction on orders that are processed through our platform. Most of our restaurants can choose their level of commission rate, at or above our base rate, to affect their relative priority in our sorting algorithms, with restaurants paying higher commission rates generally appearing higher in the search order than restaurants paying lower commission rates. The Merger caused our overall average commission rate to decrease by less than one percent of Gross Food Sales. For most of our orders, diners use a credit card to pay us for their meal when the order is placed. For these transactions, we collect the total amount of the order from the diner and remit the net proceeds to the restaurant less our commission. We generally accumulate funds and remit the net proceeds to the restaurants on at least a monthly basis. We also deduct our commissions for other transactions that go through our platform, such as cash transactions for restaurants in our network, from the aggregate proceeds we receive.

 

We face several key challenges in continuing to grow our business and maintaining profitability. These challenges include that:

 

   

our ability to realize the benefits of the Merger depends on the successful integration of the two platforms;

 

   

our long-term growth depends on our ability to continue to expand our network of restaurants and diners in a cost-effective manner; and

 

   

while our primary competition remains the traditional offline takeout ordering method, new and existing online competitors could emerge or gain traction in our primary markets. These competitors may have greater resources than we do and could impact our growth rates and ability to maintain profitability.

 

Factors Affecting Our Performance

 

   

The Size of Our Two-Sided Network .    Our growth has come, and we expect it to continue to come, from our ability to successfully expand our two-sided network, which occurs through the growth of the number of restaurants and diners on our platform. We believe that increases in the number of restaurants will make our platform more attractive to diners and increases in the number of diners will make our platform more attractive to restaurants. Furthermore, the number of popular restaurants in each of our local markets is an important factor in making our platform more attractive to diners.

 

   

Seasonality .    Our business follows diner behavior patterns that we have observed over time. In our metropolitan markets, we generally experience a relative increase in diner activity from September to April and a relative decrease in diner activity from May to August. In addition, we benefit from increased order volumes in our campus markets when school is in session and experience a decrease in order volumes when school is not in session during summer breaks and other vacation periods.

 

   

Weather .    Diner activity can also be impacted by colder or more inclement weather, which typically increases order volumes, and warmer or sunny weather, which typically decreases order volumes.

 

52


Table of Contents
   

Merger .    On the Merger Date, we successfully completed the Merger of the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform.

 

Key Business Metrics

 

To analyze our business performance, determine financial forecasts and help develop long-term strategic plans, we review the following key business metrics:

 

   

Active Diners.     We count Active Diners as the number of unique diner accounts from which an order has been placed in the past twelve months through our platform. We began including Active Diners from the GrubHub Platform as of the Merger Date. Diner accounts from which an order has been placed on one of our websites or one of our mobile applications are included in our Active Diner metrics. Active Diners is an important metric for us because the number of diners using our platform is a key revenue driver and a valuable measure of the size of our engaged diner community. Some of our diners could have more than one account if they were to set up multiple accounts using a different e-mail address for each account. As a result, it is possible that our Active Diners metric may count certain diners more than once during any given period.

 

   

Daily Average Grubs.     We count Daily Average Grubs as the number of revenue generating orders placed on our platform divided by the number of days for a given period. Daily Average Grubs is an important metric for us because the number of orders processed on our platform is a key revenue driver and, in conjunction with the number of Active Diners, a valuable measure of diner activity on our platform for a given period.

 

   

Gross Food Sales.     We calculate Gross Food Sales as the total value of food, beverages, taxes, prepaid gratuities, and any delivery fees processed through our platform. We include all revenue generating orders placed on our platform. Gross Food Sales is an important metric for us because the total volume of food sales transacted through our platform is a key revenue driver. Because we act as an agent of the merchant in the transaction, we recognize as revenues only our commissions from the transaction, which are a percentage of the total Gross Food Sales for such transaction.

 

Our key business metrics are as follows for the periods presented:

 

     Year Ended December 31,     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2012      %
Change
    2012      2013      %
Change
 

Active Diners

     689,000         986,000         43     986,000         3,421,000         247

Daily Average Grubs

     45,700         62,000         36     62,000         107,900         74

Gross Food Sales (in millions)

   $ 412.2       $ 568.8         38   $ 568.8       $ 1,014.9         78

 

The growth of each of these metrics also reflects the impact of the Merger. For example, at the time of the acquisition, the GrubHub Platform added 1.7 million incremental active diners that had placed an order through the GrubHub Platform in the preceding twelve months. Our Active Diners metric for the year ended December 31, 2013 includes diners who placed orders on either the GrubHub Platform or the Seamless Platform during the preceding twelve months. In addition, for the year ended December 31, 2013, as a result of the Merger, we estimate that the GrubHub Platform added approximately 21,800 Daily Average Grubs and $216.1 million in Gross Food Sales to the year ended December 31, 2013 totals of 107,900 and $1,014.9 million, respectively.

 

We experienced significant growth across all of our key business metrics, Active Diners, Daily Average Grubs and Gross Food Sales, in the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013. Growth in all metrics was attributable to a combination of organic growth and the impact of the Merger.

 

Our organic growth was due primarily to increased product and brand awareness by diners, better restaurant choices for diners in our markets and the growth of our mobile applications, which allow diners to order takeout through our platform using their mobile devices.

 

53


Table of Contents

During 2012, we grew the number of restaurants in our network from approximately 7,500 to approximately 10,000. During the year ended December 31, 2013, the number of restaurants in our network grew from approximately 10,000 to approximately 28,800. This includes the addition of approximately 14,000 restaurants from the GrubHub Platform on the Merger Date.

 

Once we achieve a certain number of restaurants in a particular geographic area, including the key restaurants in the market, diners are afforded a broad and diverse range of choices, and the subsequent incremental growth or loss of restaurants in that geography may not have a direct impact on our revenue. While we believe it is generally important to increase the number of restaurants in our network to drive growth in our business, there are a number of additional factors that determine how robust our network is in a particular market, including the quality of the individual restaurants, the diversity of choice, individual market presence and the concentration of restaurants.

 

In 2012 and 2013, we spent relatively fewer resources on adding restaurants in new markets and instead focused on continuing to build our restaurant coverage in all of our existing markets. We believe the restaurants we added in 2012 and 2013 were generally similar to those on the network in the prior periods in terms of quality, diversity and market concentration. As we grow our network in the future, we will continue to focus on these factors, rather than singularly focusing on the number of restaurants we add.

 

Basis of Presentation

 

Revenues

 

We generate revenues primarily when diners place an order on our platform through our websites, our mobile applications, third-party websites that incorporate our API or one of our listed phone numbers. Restaurants pay us a commission, typically a percentage of the transaction, on orders that are processed through our platform. Most of our restaurants can choose their level of commission rate, at or above our base rates, to affect their relative priority in our sorting algorithms, with restaurants paying higher commission rates generally appearing higher in the search order than restaurants paying lower commission rates. Some restaurants on our platform pay a monthly system fee for better branding and more robust placement. Because we are acting as an agent of the merchant in the transaction, we recognize as revenues only our commissions from the transaction, which are a percentage of the total Gross Food Sales for such transaction.

 

We periodically provide incentive offers to restaurants and diners to use our platform. These promotions are generally cash credits to be applied against purchases. We record these incentive offers as reductions in revenues, generally on the date we record the corresponding revenue.

 

We generate a small amount of revenues directly from companies that participate in our corporate ordering program. During the year ended December 31, 2013, we generated revenues of $5.3 million from companies participating in this program and $0.7 million by selling advertising on our allmenus.com (after the Merger Date through December 31, 2013) and MenuPages websites to third parties. We do not anticipate that corporate fees or advertising will generate a significant portion of our revenues in the foreseeable future.

 

Cost and Expenses

 

Sales and Marketing

 

Sales and marketing expenses consist of salaries, commissions, benefits, stock-based compensation expense and bonuses for restaurant sales, restaurant sales support and marketing employees and contractors. Sales and marketing expenses also contain our advertising expenses including search engine marketing, television, online display, media and other programs and facilities costs allocated on a headcount basis.

 

54


Table of Contents

Operations and Support

 

Operations and support expenses consist of salaries and benefits, stock-based compensation expense and bonuses for salaried employees and contractors engaged in customer service and operations at our Company. Operations and support expenses also include payment processing costs for diner orders, costs of uploading and maintaining restaurant menu content, communications costs related to orders and facilities costs allocated on a headcount basis.

 

Technology (exclusive of amortization)

 

Technology (exclusive of amortization) expenses consist of salaries and benefits, stock-based compensation expense and bonuses for salaried employees and contractors engaged in the design, development, maintenance and testing of our platform including our websites, mobile applications and other products. Technology expenses also include facilities costs allocated on a headcount basis but do not include amortization of capitalized website and software development costs.

 

General and Administrative

 

General and administrative expenses consist of salaries, benefits, stock-based compensation expense and bonuses for executive, finance, accounting, legal, human resources and administrative support. General and administrative expenses also include legal, accounting, other third-party professional services, other miscellaneous expenses and facilities costs allocated on a headcount basis.

 

Depreciation and Amortization

 

Depreciation and amortization expenses primarily consist of amortization of purchased intangibles from the Merger and depreciation of computer equipment, software development, leasehold improvements and capitalized website and software development costs.

 

Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

 

Provision for income taxes consists of federal and state income taxes in the United States and income taxes in certain foreign jurisdictions, deferred income taxes reflecting the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, and the realization of net operating loss carryforwards.

 

Results of Operations

 

The following tables set forth our results of operations for the periods presented in dollars and as a percentage of our revenues:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  

(in thousands)

       2011             2012             2013      
                    

Statement of Operations Information:

      

Revenues

   $ 60,611      $ 82,299      $ 137,143   

Costs and expenses:

      

Sales and marketing

     17,198        26,892        37,347   

Operations and support

     13,961        18,165        34,173   

Technology (exclusive of amortization)

     5,651        10,172        15,357   

General and administrative

    
9,777
  
   
12,249
  
    21,907   

Depreciation and amortization

     4,033        6,089        13,470   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

     50,620        73,567        122,254   

Income before provision for income taxes

     9,991        8,732        14,889   

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

     (5,220     813        8,142   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     15,211        7,919        6,747   

Dividends on Preferred Stock

     (334     (402     (1,073
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to common stockholders

   $ 14,877      $ 7,517      $ 5,674   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

55


Table of Contents
     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2012     2013  
     (unaudited)  

Percentage of Revenues:

  

Revenues

     100     100     100

Costs and expenses:

      

Sales and marketing

     28        33        27   

Operations and support

     23        22        25   

Technology (exclusive of amortization)

     9        12        11   

General and administrative

     16        15        16   

Depreciation and amortization

     7        7        10   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses (1)

     84        89        89   

Income before provision for income taxes

     16        11        11   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

     (9     1        6   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     25     10     5
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)   Totals may not foot due to rounding.

 

Year Ended December 31, 2012 and 2013

 

Revenues

 

     Year Ended December 31,      % Change  
             2012                      2013             
     (in thousands)         

Revenues

   $ 82,299       $ 137,143         67

 

Revenues increased by $54.8 million, or 67%, for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to the year ended December 31, 2012. The increase was primarily related to the growth in Active Diners, which increased from 1.0 million to 3.4 million at the end of each period, and the inclusion of results from the GrubHub Platform, driving an increase in Daily Average Grubs to 107,900 during the year ended December 31, 2013 from 62,000 Daily Average Grubs during the same period in 2012. $26.3 million of the increase in revenues and 1.9 million of the increase in Active Diners were due to the inclusion of results from the GrubHub Platform following the Merger Date. We believe the growth in Active Diners and Daily Average Grubs unrelated to the Merger was due to our marketing efforts, investments in our platform to drive more orders and organic growth from word-of-mouth referrals.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Change  
             2012                     2013            
     (in thousands)        

Sales and marketing

   $ 26,892      $ 37,347        39

Percentage of revenues

     33     27  

 

Sales and marketing expenses increased by $10.5 million, or 39%, for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to the year ended December 31, 2012. The increase was primarily attributable to the inclusion of results from the GrubHub Platform following the Merger Date and growth in our sales and marketing teams. From the year ended December 31, 2012 to the year ended December 31, 2013, advertising spending increased a total of $4.9 million, of which $5.8 million was from the inclusion of advertising spending from the GrubHub Platform offset by a $0.9 million decrease in advertising spent on the Seamless Platform. During the same period, the number of sales personnel increased by 176%, with 94% of the total increase coming from the addition of sales personnel from the GrubHub Platform, and the number of marketing personnel increased by 110%, with 87% of the total increase coming from the addition of marketing personnel from the GrubHub Platform.

 

56


Table of Contents

Operations and Support

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Change  
             2012                     2013            
     (in thousands)        
     (unaudited)        

Operations and support

   $ 18,165      $ 34,173        88

Percentage of revenues

     22     25  

 

Operations and support expenses increased by $16.0 million, or 88%, for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to the year ended December 31, 2012. This increase was primarily attributable to the growth in payment processing costs, headcount and related expense and the inclusion of results from the GrubHub Platform following the Merger Date. Payment processing costs increased $9.0 million, or 93%, for the year ended December 31, 2013 to support the 78% growth in Gross Food Sales. Approximately 38% of the growth in Gross Food Sales was a result of the inclusion of results from the GrubHub Platform following the Merger Date. During the year ended December 31, 2013, headcount and related expenses increased $3.8 million due to the inclusion of operations and support personnel from the GrubHub Platform and $1.3 million as a result of the 29% growth in operations and support personnel on the Seamless Platform.

 

Technology (exclusive of amortization)

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Change  
             2012                     2013            
     (in thousands)        
     (unaudited)        

Technology (exclusive of amortization)

   $ 10,172      $ 15,357        51

Percentage of revenues

     12     11  

 

Technology expenses increased by $5.2 million, or 51%, for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to the year ended December 31, 2012. The increase was primarily attributable to the inclusion of technology expenses from the GrubHub Platform following the Merger Date of $3.3 million and an increase in headcount and related expenses of $1.9 million as we invested in technology personnel to expand our product offering, and technology-related infrastructure.

 

General and Administrative

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Change  
             2012                     2013            
     (in thousands)        

General and administrative

   $ 12,249      $ 21,907        79

Percentage of revenues

     15     16  

 

General and administrative expenses increased by $9.7 million, or 79%, for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to the year ended December 31, 2012. The increase was primarily attributable to the inclusion of general and administrative expenses from the GrubHub Platform following the Merger Date of $5.3 million and legal and professional fees of $4.7 million related to the Merger.

 

Depreciation and Amortization

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Change  
             2012                     2013            
     (in thousands)        

Depreciation and amortization

   $ 6,089      $ 13,470        121

Percentage of revenues

     7     10  

 

57


Table of Contents

Depreciation and amortization expenses increased by $7.4 million, or 121%, for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to the year ended December 31, 2012. The increase was primarily attributable to amortization of intangible assets resulting from the Merger, which was $4.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, and increased investment in infrastructure to support our growing business.

 

Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Change  
             2012                     2013            
     (in thousands)        

Provision for income taxes

   $ 813      $ 8,142        *   

Percentage of revenues

     1     6  

 

*   Not meaningful

 

Income tax expense increased by $7.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to the year ended December 31, 2012. The increase was attributable to the creation of Seamless Holdings, which was taxed as a C-Corporation effective October 28, 2012 for federal and state income tax purposes. Prior to October 28, 2012, the sole legal entity was a limited liability company, which was considered a flow-through entity for both federal and the majority of state income taxes.

 

Years Ended December 31, 2011 and 2012

 

Revenues

 

     Year Ended December 31,      % Change  
         2011              2012         
     (in thousands)         

Revenues

   $ 60,611       $ 82,299         36

 

Revenues increased by $21.7 million, or 36%, during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily related to the growth in Active Diners, which increased from approximately 689,000 to approximately 986,000 at the end of each year, driving an increase in Daily Average Grubs from approximately 45,700 during 2011 to approximately 62,000 during 2012. These increases were primarily attributable to organic growth and advertising initiatives.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Change  
         2011             2012        
     (in thousands)        

Sales and marketing

   $ 17,198      $ 26,892        56

Percentage of revenues

     28     33  

 

Sales and marketing expenses increased by $9.7 million, or 56%, during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily attributable to sizeable increases in our marketing team and advertising spending as well as growth in our sales team. During the year ended December 31, 2012, we increased the number of marketing personnel by 24% and total spending on marketing personnel and advertising activities increased from $13.7 million to $22.2 million, or 62%, to drive brand awareness, grow Active Diners and increase order frequency. During 2012, we also increased the size of our sales force by 28% to enhance the quality of the restaurants in our network.

 

58


Table of Contents

Operations and Support

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Change  
         2011             2012        
     (in thousands)        

Operations and support

   $ 13,961      $ 18,165        30

Percentage of revenues

     23     22  

 

Operations and support expenses increased by $4.2 million, or 30%, during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily attributable to growth in payment processing costs and headcount and related expenses in customer service. During 2012, payment processing costs increased from $6.6 million to $9.7 million, or 45%, due to the 38% increase in Gross Food Sales during the period. During the same period, communications costs increased due to the 36% growth in Daily Average Grubs, and costs to update our restaurant menu database increased due to the growth in our restaurant base. We also increased the number of customer service personnel by 9% to support the growth in Daily Average Grubs and expected future growth of our business.

 

Technology (exclusive of amortization)

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Change  
         2011             2012        
     (in thousands)        

Technology

   $ 5,651      $ 10,172        80

Percentage of revenues

     9     12  

 

Technology expenses increased by $4.5 million, or 80%, during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in headcount, consulting and related expenses as we invested in technology personnel throughout 2011 to expand our product offering and technology-related infrastructure. The majority of new technology employees were hired in the third quarter of 2011 or later. This hiring disproportionately increased technology expenses in 2012.

 

General and Administrative

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Change  
         2011             2012        
     (in thousands)        

General and administrative

   $ 9,777      $ 12,249        25

Percentage of revenues

     16     15  

 

General and administrative expenses increased by $2.5 million, or 25%, during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in headcount and related expenses and general overhead expenses, including professional fees, to support the growth and expected future growth in our business. During the year ended December 31, 2012, the number of general and administrative employees increased by 13%.

 

Depreciation and Amortization

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Change  
         2011             2012        
     (in thousands)        

Depreciation and amortization

   $ 4,033      $ 6,089        51

Percentage of revenues

     7     7  

 

59


Table of Contents

Depreciation and amortization increased by $2.1 million, or 51%, during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily attributable to amortization of intangible assets resulting from the MenuPages Acquisition (as defined below) and increased investment in infrastructure to support our growing business.

 

Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Change  
         2011             2012        
     (in thousands)        

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

   $ (5,220   $ 813        *   

Percentage of revenues

     (9 )%      1  

 

*   Not meaningful.

 

Income tax expense increased by $6.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily attributable to a reversal of deferred tax liability in the amount of $8.1 million in 2011 associated with the June 2011 sale of preferred stock to SLW Investors, LLC offset by 2011 income tax paid of $2.2 million, which represented the income tax expense from January 1, 2011 through May 31, 2011. For the period from January 1, 2012 through October 27, 2012, the Company was a pass-through entity for income tax purposes.

 

Quarterly Results of Operations

 

The following table sets forth our unaudited quarterly statements of operations data for each of the eight quarters presented below. The results for the quarters ended September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2013 include the results of the GrubHub Platform after the Merger Date through December 31, 2013. In the opinion of management, the data has been prepared on the same basis as the audited financial statements included in this prospectus, and reflects all necessary adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of this data. The results of historical periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations of any future period, particularly as a result of the Merger. You should read this data together with our financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

    Three Months Ended  
(in thousands) (unaudited)   March 31,
2012
    June 30,
2012
    September 30,
2012
    December 31,
2012
    March 31,
2013
    June 30,
2013
    September 30,
2013
    December 31,
2013
 

Revenues

  $ 19,808      $ 20,119      $ 20,593      $ 21,779      $ 25,801      $ 26,857      $ 35,461      $ 49,024   

Costs and expenses:

               

Sales and marketing

    6,470        6,599        5,645        8,178        10,100        6,064        8,829        12,354   

Operations and support

    4,341        4,436        4,354        5,034        5,977        5,998        9,303        12,895   

Technology (exclusive of amortization)

    2,012        2,703        2,708        2,749        2,647        2,697        4,459        5,554   

General and administrative

    3,244        2,701        3,066        3,238        2,903        5,809        5,884        7,311   

Depreciation and amortization

    1,429        1,512        1,586        1,562        1,796        1,877        3,821        5,976   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

    17,496        17,951        17,359        20,761        23,423        22,445        32,296        44,090   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

    2,312        2,168        3,234        1,018        2,378        4,412        3,165        4,934   

Provision (Benefit) for income taxes

    167        206        140        300        1,122        2,589        1,111        3,320   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

  $ 2,145      $ 1,962      $ 3,094      $ 718      $ 1,256      $ 1,823      $ 2,054      $ 1,614   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Our key business metrics are as follows for the periods presented:

 

    Three Months Ended  
    March 31,
2012
    June 30,
2012
    September 30,
2012
    December 31,
2012
    March 31,
2013
    June 30,
2013
    September 30,
2013
    December 31,
2013
 
    (unaudited)  

Active Diners (1)

    783,000        851,000        912,000        986,000        1,087,000        1,171,000        3,050,000        3,421,000   

Daily Average Grubs (2)

    60,400        60,300        60,500        66,900        82,700        83,600        111,500        152,900   

Gross Food Sales (in millions) (3)

  $ 136.8      $ 137.3      $ 138.1      $ 156.6      $ 188.3      $ 193.1      $ 263.5        $370.0   

 

60


Table of Contents

 

(1)   We count Active Diners as the number of unique diner accounts from which an order has been placed in the past twelve months through our platform. We began including Active Diners from the GrubHub Platform as of the Merger Date.
(2)   We count Daily Average Grubs as the number of revenue generating orders placed on our platform divided by the number of days for a given period.
(3)   We calculate Gross Food Sales as the total value of food, beverages, taxes, prepaid gratuities, and any delivery fees processed through our platform. We include all revenue generating orders placed on our platform. Because we act as an agent of the merchant in the transaction, we recognize as revenues only our commission from the transaction, which are a percentage of the total Gross Food Sales for such transaction.

 

Revenues and most key business metrics increased sequentially in the quarters presented. Due to seasonality, which generally drives an increase in diner activity from September to April and a relative decrease in diner activity from May to August, revenue growth was more significant in the fourth and first quarters than it was in the second and third quarters. There was a particularly steep increase in both revenues and expenses in the third and fourth quarters of 2013 because of the inclusion of results from the GrubHub Platform following the Merger.

 

Revenues in the fourth quarter of 2012 were negatively affected by an estimated $0.5 million to $1.0 million as a result of the impact of Superstorm Sandy on New York City area businesses and consumers. Sales and marketing costs were higher in the fourth quarter of 2012 and first quarter of 2013 due to a significant marketing campaign during these periods. General and administrative costs were higher in the second quarter of 2013 due to $2.9 million in costs related to the Merger.

 

Adjusted EBITDA

 

The following table sets forth our Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation to net income for each of the eight quarters presented below. Please refer to “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” in the section titled “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data” for more information.

 

    Three Months Ended  
(In thousands) (unaudited)   March 31,
2012
    June 30,
2012
    September 30,
2012
    December 31,
2012
    March 31,
2013
    June 30,
2013
    September 30,
2013
    December 31,
2013
 

Net income

  $ 2,145      $ 1,962      $ 3,094      $ 718      $ 1,256      $ 1,823      $ 2,054      $ 1,614   

Income taxes

    167        206        140        300        1,122        2,589        1,111        3,320   

Depreciation and amortization

    1,429        1,512        1,586        1,562        1,796        1,877        3,821        5,976   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

EBITDA

    3,741        3,680        4,820        2,580        4,174        6,289        6,986        10,910   

Merger and restructuring costs (1)

    —          —          —          —          403        2,940        1,324        175   

Stock-based compensation

    679        529        552        604        621        617        1,786        1,909   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ 4,420      $ 4,209      $ 5,372      $ 3,184      $ 5,198      $ 9,846      $ 10,096      $ 12,994   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)   Merger and restructuring costs include transaction and integration related costs, such as legal and accounting costs, associated with the Merger and restructuring costs.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

As of December 31, 2013, we had cash and cash equivalents of $86.5 million and no short-term or long-term investments. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and money market funds.

 

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to meet our working capital requirements for at least the next twelve months. However, our liquidity assumptions may prove to be incorrect, and we could utilize our available financial resources sooner than we currently expect. Our future capital requirements and the adequacy of available funds will depend on many factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” in this prospectus. We may not be able to secure additional financing to meet our operating requirements on acceptable terms, or at all. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity or equity-linked securities, the ownership of our existing stockholders will be diluted. If we raise additional financing by the

 

61


Table of Contents

incurrence of indebtedness, we will be subject to increased fixed payment obligations and could also be subject to restrictive covenants, such as limitations on our ability to incur additional debt, and other operating restrictions that could adversely impact our ability to conduct our business. If we are unable to obtain needed additional funds, we will have to reduce our operating costs, which would impair our growth prospects and could otherwise negatively impact our business.

 

The following table sets forth certain cash flow information for the periods presented:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
         2011             2012             2013      
(in thousands)                   

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 32,094      $ 29,578      $ 40,819   

Net cash provided by / (used in) investing activities

     (36,949     10,303        6,245   

Net cash provided by / (used in) financing activities

     7,321        (2,218     (1,842

 

Cash Flows Provided By Operating Activities

 

For the year ended December 31, 2013, net cash provided by operating activities was $40.8 million. This was driven primarily by net income of $6.7 million, non-cash expenses of $13.5 million related to depreciation and amortization and $4.9 million related to stock-based compensation. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2013, significant changes in our operating assets and liabilities resulted from the following:

 

   

an increase in our accounts receivables of $8.3 million due to an increase in amounts owed from our payment processors for prepaid orders placed through our platform along with amounts owed from customers of our corporate ordering program;

 

   

an increase in restaurant food liability of $26.5 million due to an increase in overall Gross Food Sales processed through our platform; and

 

   

a decrease in accrued expenses of $2.2 million relating primarily to payments made on assumed merger liabilities, such as legal and accounting costs, related to the Merger.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2012, cash provided by operating activities was $29.6 million, primarily resulting from our net income of $7.9 million, non-cash expenses of $6.1 million related to depreciation and amortization and $2.4 million related to stock-based compensation. In addition, significant changes in our operating assets and liabilities resulted from an increase in restaurant food liability of $12.9 million due to an increase in overall Gross Food Sales processed through our platform.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2011, cash provided by operating activities was $32.1 million, primarily resulting from our net income of $15.2 million, an increase in restaurant food liability of $8.5 million, and an increase in amounts due to a related party of $5.2 million, along with non-cash expense of $4.0 million related to depreciation and amortization.

 

Cash Flows Provided By / (Used In) Investing Activities

 

Our primary investing activities during the periods presented included cash paid for acquired companies, the purchase of property and equipment to support our growth in headcount, websites and internal-use software development and the issuance of notes receivable.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2013, net cash provided by investing activities was $6.2 million. This was the result of $13.3 million of cash acquired upon the Merger, partially offset by the purchase of property and equipment and capitalized website development costs of $7.0 million.

 

62


Table of Contents

For the year ended December 31, 2012, net cash provided by investing activities was $10.3 million. This was primarily the result of the issuance of a $42.4 million note receivable, partially offset by the subsequent repayment of $26.4 million of the note. In addition, we used $5.7 million for the purchase of property and equipment and capitalized website development.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2011, we used $36.9 million of net cash in investing activities. This was the result of $12.2 million paid for the MenuPages Acquisition, the $16.0 million repayment on an outstanding note receivable and $8.8 million for the purchase of property and equipment and capitalized website and software development costs.

 

Cash Flows Provided By / (Used In) Financing Activities

 

Our financing activities during the periods presented consisted primarily of amounts paid for distributions to shareholders along with issuance of note receivables to related parties and subsequent cash collection.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2013, cash used in financing activities was $(1.8) million, which primarily resulted from a $1.9 million dividend payment to stockholders.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2012, cash used in financing activities was $2.2 million, which primarily consisted of a $6.0 million contribution by Aramark to us, offset by a decrease in checks issued in excess of book balances of $3.9 million.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2011, cash provided by financing activities was $7.3 million, which primarily resulted from a $22.5 million contribution by Aramark to us, an increase in checks issued in excess of book balances of $1.6 million, and was offset by $16.7 million paid in distributions to stockholders.

 

Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments

 

We have offices located in Chicago, Illinois, New York, New York and Sandy, Utah. Our office lease for our headquarters expires in 2017. The terms of this lease agreement provide for rental payments that increase on an annual basis. We recognize rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease period. We do not have any debt or material capital lease obligations, and all of our property, equipment and software have been purchased with cash. We have no material long-term purchase obligations outstanding with any vendors or third parties.

 

Our future minimum payments under non-cancelable operating leases for equipment and office facilities were as follows as of December 31, 2013:

 

     Payments Due by Period  
(in thousands)    Less than
1  Year
     1 to 3
Years
     3 to 5
Years
     Total  

Operating lease obligations

   $ 3,737       $ 7,247       $ 4,689       $ 15,673   

 

The contractual commitment amounts in the table above are associated with agreements that are enforceable and legally binding. Obligations under contracts that we can cancel without a significant penalty are not included in the table above.

 

Acquisitions

 

MenuPages Acquisition

 

On October 3, 2011, Seamless North America, LLC acquired the stock of Slick City Media, Inc., which owns and operates the MenuPages business, for an initial cash purchase price of $12.2 million and a note payable of approximately $2.0 million (the “MenuPages Acquisition”). The payments under the note payable were dependent on the seller, New York Media LLC, continuing to provide us with 15 months of website hosting and related services. The note payable was repaid during the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

63


Table of Contents

The Merger

 

On August 8, 2013, the Company acquired all of the equity interests of each of Seamless North America, LLC, Seamless Holdings and GrubHub Holdings pursuant to that certain Reorganization and Contribution Agreement, dated as of May 19, 2013, by and among the Company, Seamless North America, LLC, Seamless Holdings, GrubHub Holdings and the other parties thereto.

 

The fair value of the equity issued in connection with the Merger was approximately $421.5 million. The value of the equity was determined using the estimated fair value of GrubHub Holdings’ stock on the Merger Date based on a valuation of GrubHub Holdings, conducted by management. Included as part of the $421.5 million is approximately $11.0 million which represents the fair value of the replacement awards that were attributed to the pre-combination service period for GrubHub Holdings option holders. $12.5 million of post-combination expense is expected to be recognized post-Merger, which represents the unrecognized compensation expense related to GrubHub Holdings stock options. In connection with the Merger, we agreed to indemnify Aramark for negative income tax consequences associated with the October 2012 spin-off of Seamless Holdings that are the result of certain actions taken by us, including our solicitation of acquirers to purchase us prior to October 29, 2014, and in certain other instances subject to a $15 million limitation.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2013.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

We are exposed to certain market risks in the ordinary course of our business. These risks primarily consist of interest rate fluctuations and inflation rate risk as follows:

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

We did not have any long-term borrowings as of December 31, 2013.

 

We invest our excess cash primarily in money market accounts. Our current investment strategy seeks first to preserve principal, second to provide liquidity for our operating and capital needs and third to maximize yield without putting our principal at risk.

 

Our investments are exposed to market risk due to the fluctuation of prevailing interest rates that may reduce the yield on our investments or their fair value. As our investment portfolio is short-term in nature, we do not believe an immediate 10% increase in interest rates would have a material effect on the fair market value of our portfolio, and therefore we do not expect our results of operations or cash flows to be materially affected to any degree by a sudden change in market interest rates.

 

Inflation Risk

 

We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

 

Critical Accounting Polices and Estimates

 

Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosures. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Our actual results could differ from these estimates.

 

64


Table of Contents

We believe that the assumptions and estimates associated with revenue recognition, website and software development costs, recoverability of intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets and stock-based compensation have the greatest potential impact on our financial statements. Therefore, we consider these to be our critical accounting policies and estimates. For further information on all of our significant accounting policies discussed below, see Note 2 of the accompanying notes to our financial statements.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

In general, we recognize revenue when (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered to the customer, (iii) the fee is fixed or determinable and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured. We consider a signed agreement, a binding contract with the restaurant or other similar documentation reflecting the terms and conditions under which products or services will be provided to be persuasive evidence of an arrangement.

 

We generate revenues primarily when diners place an order on our platform. Restaurants pay us a commission, typically a percentage of the transaction, on orders that are processed through our platform. Most of our restaurants can choose their level of commission rate, at or above our base rates, to affect their relative priority in our sorting algorithms, with restaurants paying higher commission rates generally appearing higher in the search order than restaurants paying lower commission rates. Commissions are generally based on a fixed percentage of the value of the order. Some restaurants on our platform pay a monthly system fee for better branding and more robust placement. Because we are acting as an agent of the merchant in the transaction, we recognize as revenues only our commissions from the transaction, which are a percentage of the total Gross Food Sales for such transaction.

 

Revenues from online and phone delivery orders are recognized when orders are placed to the restaurants. The amount of the revenue we record is based on the contractual arrangement with the related restaurant, and is adjusted for any cash credits, including incentive offers provided to restaurants and diners, related to the transaction. We record an amount representing the restaurant food liability for the net balance due the restaurant.

 

Website and Software Development Costs

 

The costs incurred in the preliminary stages of development are expensed as incurred. Once an application has reached the development stage, internal and external costs, if direct and incremental and deemed by management to be significant, are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Maintenance and enhancement costs, including those costs in the post-implementation stages, are typically expensed as incurred, unless such costs relate to substantial upgrades and enhancements to the website or software that result in added functionality, in which case the costs are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives. Amortization expense related to capitalized website and software development costs is included in depreciation and amortization.

 

Recoverability of Intangible Assets with Finite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets

 

We evaluate intangible assets and other long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate they may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset group to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated. We group assets for purposes of such review at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows of the asset group are largely independent of the cash flows of the other groups of assets and liabilities. If this comparison indicates impairment, the amount of impairment to be recognized is calculated as the difference between the carrying value and the fair value of the asset group.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

We measure compensation expense for all stock-based awards at fair value on the date of grant and recognize compensation expense over the service period for awards expected to vest. We use the Black-Scholes

 

65


Table of Contents

option-pricing model to determine the fair-value for awards and recognize compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the awards’ vesting periods. Management has determined the Black-Scholes fair value of our stock option awards and related stock-based compensation expense with the assistance of third-party valuations. Determining the fair value of stock-based awards at the grant date requires judgment. The determination of the grant date fair value of options using an option-pricing model is affected by our estimated common stock fair value as well as assumptions regarding a number of other complex and subjective variables. If any of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model changes significantly, stock-based compensation for future awards may differ materially compared with the awards granted previously. In valuing our options, we make assumptions about risk-free interest rates, dividend yields, volatility, and weighted-average expected lives, including estimated forfeiture rates, of the options.

 

The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires the use of highly subjective and complex assumptions, including the expected term and the price volatility of the underlying stock, which determine the fair value of stock-based awards. These assumptions include:

 

   

Risk-free rate.     Risk-free interest rates are derived from U.S. Treasury securities as of the option grant date.

 

   

Expected dividend yields.     Expected dividend yields are based on our historical dividend payments, which have been zero to date (excluding the tax distributions made by Seamless Holdings in 2011, 2012 and 2013).

 

   

Volatility.     Absent a public market for our shares, we have historically estimated volatility of our share price based on the published historical volatilities of comparable publicly-traded companies in our vertical markets.

 

   

Expected term.     We estimate the weighted-average expected life of the options as the average of the vesting option schedule and the term of the award, since, due to the limited period of time stock-based awards have been exercisable, we do not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected term. The term of the award is estimated using the simplified method as the awards granted are plain vanilla stock options.

 

   

Forfeiture rate.     Forfeiture rates are estimated using historical actual forfeiture trends as well as our judgment of future forfeitures. These rates are evaluated at least annually and any change in compensation expense is recognized in the period of the change. The estimation of stock awards that will ultimately vest requires judgment and, to the extent actual results or updated estimates differ from our current estimates, such amounts will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period in which the estimates are revised. We consider many factors when estimating expected forfeitures, including the types of awards and employee class. Actual results, and future changes in estimates, may differ substantially from management’s current estimates.

 

The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of options granted during the periods presented:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
         2011             2012             2013      
                    

Expected term (in years)

     6.08        6.11        5.20   

Risk-free interest rate

     1.21     0.87     1.41

Dividend yield

     None        None        None   

Volatility rate

     60.40     54.80     50.7

 

Since June 2011, we have obtained periodic valuation analyses prepared by independent third-party valuation firms to assist us with the determination of the fair value of our common stock. The valuation firms utilized approaches and methodologies consistent with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Practice Aid, Valuation of Privately-Held-Company Equity Securities Issued as Compensation and information provided by our management, including historical and projected financial statements, prospects and risks, our

 

66


Table of Contents

performance, various corporate documents, capitalization, and economic and financial market conditions. The third-party valuation firms also utilized other economic, industry, and market information obtained from other resources considered reliable. The valuation analyses were reviewed by management and the board of directors in conjunction with share-based compensation grants. Management and our board of directors have considered these valuation analyses and other qualitative and quantitative factors to determine the best estimate of the fair value of our common stock at each stock option grant date. These factors included:

 

   

key employee hires and terminations;

 

   

seasonality of our business;

 

   

general market conditions in the technology and food order industries;

 

   

our operating performance and competitive position within the online food ordering industry;

 

   

achievement of enterprise milestones;

 

   

financial statement projections;

 

   

our cash burn rate;

 

   

our need for future financing rounds to fund operations;

 

   

market value of companies considered comparable to our Company; and

 

   

likelihood of achieving certain liquidity events, such as a sale or merger or initial public offering (“IPO”), given prevailing market conditions.

 

We obtained contemporaneous independent third-party valuations of our common stock as of June 6, 2011, May 31, 2012, October 26, 2012, March 1, 2013, August 15, 2013, September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2013. Given that option grants were completed periodically between the dates of the valuations prepared by the third-party valuation firms, the fair value of common stock has been interpolated on a monthly basis.

 

The valuation analyses employed market and income approaches to estimate our enterprise value and allocated our enterprise value among our various equity classes utilizing option pricing and probability-weighted expected return (“PWERM”) methods. The valuation analyses were based on contemporaneous information as of each respective valuation date.

 

Under the income approach, specifically the discounted cash flow (“DCF”) method, forecast cash flows are discounted to the present value at a risk-adjusted discount rate. The valuation analyses determine discrete free cash flows over several years based on forecast financial information provided by our management and a terminal value for the residual period beyond the discrete forecast, which are discounted at our estimated weighted average cost of capital to estimate our enterprise value.

 

Under the market approach there are three standard methodologies, the guideline public company method, the guideline transaction method, and subject company transaction method. The guideline public company method involves selecting publicly traded companies with similar financial and operating characteristics as our Company, and calculating valuation multiples based on the guideline public company’s financial information and market data. Based on the observed valuation multiples, an appropriate multiple was selected to apply to our financial statistics. The guideline transaction method involves selecting sale transactions of companies with similar financial and operating characteristics as our Company and calculating valuation multiples based on the acquisition price and the acquired company’s financial information. An appropriate multiple was selected to apply to our financial statistics. The same set of guideline public companies was utilized for both the common stock valuation and the expected volatility estimate for the valuation of the stock-based compensation awards. In August 2013, the set of guideline public companies was revised to reflect the size, growth and risk of the Company in connection with the Merger. Additionally, we determined it was more appropriate to compare the Company to other Internet service companies, instead of other Internet retail companies, given the Company’s

 

67


Table of Contents

focus on providing online and mobile food ordering services for restaurants and customers. The subject company transaction method involves the utilization of a company’s own relevant stock transactions, such as a preferred stock issuance, to calculate the enterprise value based on the transaction price of the stock.

 

After determining an estimate of the fair value of the enterprise, the valuation analyses allocated the enterprise value among the equity classes outstanding at each valuation date utilizing the option pricing method (“OPM”), specifically the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. The OPM requires inputs for the exercise price, term, expected volatility and risk-free rate. The exercise prices were calculated based on the enterprise values at which the equity classes either begin or stop participating in the next incremental enterprise value, which were determined based on the liquidation preferences and conversion rights of each equity class. The term was the estimated time to a liquidity event, such as a sale or merger or IPO, which was determined based on information provided by our management and outside research. The expected volatility for the enterprise was estimated based on a historical analysis of publicly traded companies with similar financial and operating characteristics as our company and consideration of the relative differences between our company and the selected comparable companies, such as stage of development, earning margins, leverage, and other risk factors. The risk-free rates were based on U.S. treasury securities with terms to maturity consistent with the estimated time to a liquidity event.

 

The PWERM was utilized in the March 1, 2013, August 15, 2013, September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2013 valuation analyses, which was determined to be appropriate given the expectation of a liquidity event in the near-term (approximately zero to two years) and a more discrete distribution of likely liquidity events. Under the PWERM, the fair value of common stock is estimated based on likely liquidity event scenarios. For each identified liquidity scenario it is necessary to estimate the timing to liquidity event, future enterprise value, probability of occurrence, and risk-adjusted discount rate. The valuation analyses estimated the future enterprise values utilizing the guideline public company method and guideline transaction method and information provided by our management. The timing to each liquidity event and the probability of occurrence were estimated based on information provided by our management and outside research. The risk-adjusted discount rates were estimated based on market data and outside research of required rates of return for companies at a similar stage of development and risk factors. The future enterprise values under each scenario were allocated to the various equity classes based on the liquidation preferences and conversion rights of each equity class. The future values for each equity class under each scenario were discounted to a present value at the selected risk-adjusted discount rate. The present values under each scenario were probability-weighted to determine the value of common stock before applicable discounts.

 

After obtaining the value allocated to the common stock under either the OPM or PWERM, several discounts were considered to adjust for the fact that a share of common stock is a minority, non-marketable interest. The discounts are determined based on qualitative and quantitative analyses.

 

68


Table of Contents

The following table summarizes by grant date the number of shares of our common stock subject to stock options granted since January 1, 2013, the associated per share exercise price and the estimated fair value per share at the date of grant. We derived the estimated fair value per share as of each grant date by applying a linear proration of fair values between the valuation performed immediately prior to each set of grants and the valuation performed after each set of grants. In connection with the Merger, replacement options were issued as of August 8, 2013. We have accounted for these replacement options by revaluing the options after the Merger Date taking into consideration options that were vested as of the Merger Date which were recorded to purchase price consideration, and future options which have not vested and which are to be recorded as an expense post-Merger. All share and per share amounts reflect the Reverse Stock Split and the rounding associated with such Reverse Stock Split, which we expect to effect prior to the consummation of this offering.

 

Grant Date

   Shares subject to
option grant
    Exercise price per share      Fair value per share  at
Grant Date
     Intrinsic
Value
 

January 2013 (1)

     368,750      $ 5.60       $ 6.20       $ 2,987   

August 2013 (2)

     8,554        0.06        
10.82
  
     117   

August 2013 (2)

     2,053        0.08         10.82         28   

August 2013 (2)

     95,714        0.08         10.82         1,304   

August 2013 (2)

     264        0.08         10.82         4   

August 2013 (2)

     101,388        0.44         10.82         1,344   

August 2013 (2)

     50,442        0.78         10.82         652   

August 2013 (2)

     524,365        0.88         10.82         6,722   

August 2013 (2)

     1,406,368        2.00         10.82         16,455   

August 2013 (2)

     63,248        2.60         10.82         702   

August 2013 (2)

     50,599        4.62         10.82         459   

August 2013 (2)

     238,639        5.06         10.82         2,062   

August 2013 (2)

     167,981        6.18         10.82         1,263   

August 2013 (2)

     327,593        8.40         10.82         1,736   

August 2013 (1)

     264,000        10.82         10.82         760   

October 2013 (1)

     1,250        11.50         12.24         3   

December 2013 (1)

     27,500        11.50         13.70         61   

January 2014 (1)

     882,500        13.70         20.00         5,560   

 

 

(1)   Options issued in the ordinary course of business.
(2)   Options issued as replacement options in connection with the Merger.

 

No single event caused the valuation of our common stock to increase from January 2013 to December 31 2013. Instead, a combination of the factors described above led to the changes in the fair value of the underlying common stock as determined by our board of directors.

 

As of December 31, 2013, total unrecognized compensation expense, adjusted for estimated forfeitures, related to non-vested stock options was $16.6 million, which is expected to be recognized over the next 2.4 years.

 

Based upon an estimated offering price of $         per share, which is the midpoint of the offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, the options would have an intrinsic value of approximately $         million.

 

Goodwill

 

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired business over the fair value of the assets acquired at the date of acquisition. We assess the impairment of goodwill at least annually and also whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill may be impaired. Absent any special circumstances that could require an interim test, we have elected to test for goodwill impairment as of September 30th of each year. We

 

69


Table of Contents

test for impairment using a two-step process. The first step of the goodwill impairment test identifies if there is potential goodwill impairment. If step one indicates that an impairment may exist, a second step is performed to measure the amount of the goodwill impairment, if any, by comparing the implied fair value of goodwill to the carrying amount. If the implied goodwill is less than the carrying amount, a write-down is recorded. We have determined that we have one reporting unit in testing goodwill for impairment.

 

We have reviewed the impairment analyses comparing the fair value of our aggregate equity to our carrying value as of September 30, 2013 to determine whether goodwill impairment exists under Step I of ASC 350. The valuation analyses employed market and income approaches to estimate our equity value utilizing the PWERM. We did not perform an assessment of qualitative factors in evaluating goodwill impairment as of September 30, 2013.

 

The PWERM was selected for the goodwill impairment analyses due to the potential of a liquidity event in the near-term, a more discrete distribution of likely liquidity events and to remain consistent with the valuation of our common stock as of the same date. Under the PWERM, the fair value of aggregate equity is estimated based on likely liquidity event scenarios, and the future values for each equity class under each scenario were discounted to a present value at the selected risk adjusted discount rate. The present values under each scenario were probability-weighted to determine the value of aggregate equity. Finally, the indicated fair value of aggregate equity was then compared to our carrying value as of the impairment test date to assist us in determining whether goodwill impairment existed under Step I of ASC 350. As of September 30, 2013, the indicated fair value of aggregate equity under the PWERM exceeded our carrying value of equity by 80%; therefore, no impairment was indicated at such time.

 

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

Our independent registered public accounting firm has not conducted an audit of Seamless Holdings’, which is now known as GrubHub Inc., internal control over financial reporting. However, in connection with its audit of Seamless Holdings’ consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 included elsewhere in this prospectus, our independent registered public accounting firm discovered a material weakness relating to the documentation of journal entry review. Specifically, we had not regularly documented our review of journal entries and, where there was a documented review of account reconciliations, we did not provide a listing of journal entries in such documentation. As a result of these items, we concluded that a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting existed as of December 31, 2012. A “material weakness” is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

 

Since discovery of this material weakness, we have taken steps to fully understand the material weakness and to remediate it. We are in the process of designing and implementing improved processes and controls. Additionally, in connection with the Merger, we retained the chief financial officer and controller that served in those roles for the GrubHub Platform. By utilizing their existing accounting and finance expertise, we have built a more experienced accounting and finance organization. While this material weakness was remediated for 2013, our efforts to remedy this material weakness may not prevent future material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting from occurring. See also “Risk Factors” for additional information on this matter.

 

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

 

Under the JOBS Act, we meet the definition of an “emerging growth company.” We have irrevocably elected to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act. We will remain an “emerging growth company” for up to five years

 

70


Table of Contents

following the completion of this offering or until we achieve total annual gross revenues in excess of $1 billion during a fiscal year or become a large accelerated filer as a result of achieving a public float of at least $700 million as of the end of our second fiscal quarter.

 

In May 2011, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), which amended existing rules covering fair value measurement and disclosure to clarify guidance and minimize differences between GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards. The guidance requires entities to provide information about valuation techniques and unobservable inputs used in Level III fair value measurements and provide a narrative description of the sensitivity of Level III measurements to changes in unobservable inputs. The guidance is effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. We adopted this guidance on January 1, 2012. The adoption of this guidance did not have any impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

In June 2011, FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income, which requires an entity to present total comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements and eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. We early adopted this guidance on January 1, 2012, retrospectively.

 

In September 2011, FASB issued ASU No. 2011-08, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350). The amended guidance will allow companies to assess qualitative factors to determine if it is more-likely-than-not that goodwill might be impaired and whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test required. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2012. The adoption of this accounting standard update did not have any material impact on our results of operations or financial position.

 

In February 2013, FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02 “Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” ASU No. 2013-02 requires an entity to disaggregate the total change of each component of other comprehensive income either on the face of the income statement or as a separate disclosure in the financial footnotes. The new guidance became effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012 and is applied prospectively. The Company adopted this guidance during the year ended December 31, 2013, and the adoption did not have any impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows, as the amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are not significant.

 

In July 2013, FASB issued a new accounting standard update on the financial statement presentation of unrecognized tax benefits. The new guidance provides that a liability related to an unrecognized tax benefit would be presented as a reduction of a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss or a tax credit carryforward if such settlement is required or expected in the event the uncertain tax position is disallowed. The new guidance became effective for the Company on January 1, 2014 and it should be applied prospectively to unrecognized tax benefits that exist at the effective date with retrospective application permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this new guidance.

 

71


Table of Contents

BUSINESS

 

Our Mission

 

Our mission is to make takeout better.

 

Our Company

 

GrubHub is the leading online and mobile platform for restaurant pick-up and delivery orders, which we refer to as takeout. We processed more than 135,000 combined Daily Average Grubs in 2013 and had approximately $1.3 billion of combined Gross Food Sales on our platform in 2013. We connect local restaurants with hungry diners in more than 600 cities across the United States and are focused on transforming the takeout experience. For restaurants, GrubHub generates higher margin takeout orders at full menu prices. Our platform empowers diners with a “direct line” into the kitchen, avoiding the inefficiencies, inaccuracies and frustrations associated with paper menus and phone orders. We have a powerful two-sided network that creates additional value for both restaurants and diners as it grows.

 

Our target market is primarily independent restaurants. These independent restaurants, which account for 61% of all U.S. restaurants (according to Euromonitor), remain local, highly fragmented and are mostly owner-operated family businesses. According to Euromonitor, Americans spent $204 billion at these approximately 350,000 independent restaurants in 2012. We believe that Americans spent approximately $67 billion on takeout at these independent restaurants.

 

For restaurants, takeout enables them to grow their business without adding seating capacity or wait staff. Advertising for takeout, typically done through the distribution of menus to local households or advertisements in local publications, is often inefficient and requires upfront payment with no certainty of success. In contrast, we provide the approximately 28,800 restaurants on our platform (as of December 31, 2013) with an efficient way to generate more takeout orders. We enable restaurants to access local diners at the moment when those diners are hungry and ready to purchase takeout. In addition, we do not charge the restaurants in our network any upfront or subscription fees, we do not require any discounts from their full price menus and we only get paid for the orders we generate for them, providing restaurants with a low-risk, high-return solution. We charge restaurants a per-order commission that is primarily percentage-based.

 

As our two-sided network of restaurants and diners has grown, many of our restaurants have chosen to pay higher rates to receive better exposure to more diners on our platform, and this has resulted in higher overall commission rates for us.

 

For diners, the traditional takeout ordering process is often a frustrating experience—from using paper menus to communicating an order by phone to a busy restaurant employee. In contrast, ordering on GrubHub is enjoyable and a dramatic improvement over the “menu drawer.” We provide the 3.4 million Active Diners on our platform (as of December 31, 2013) with an easy-to-use, intuitive and personalized platform that helps them search for and discover local restaurants and then accurately and efficiently place an order from any Internet-connected device. We also provide diners with information and transparency about their orders and status and solve problems that may arise. In addition, we make re-ordering convenient by storing previous orders, preferences and payment information, helping us promote diner frequency and drive strong repeat business.

 

The proliferation of mobile devices over the past few years has significantly increased the value of our platform. With powerful, easy-to-use mobile applications for iPhone, iPad and Android, we enable diners to access GrubHub whenever and wherever they want takeout. The discovery and ordering capabilities that are available on our consumer websites are also available through our mobile applications. We monetize the orders placed through our mobile applications at the same rate as orders placed through our websites. Our mobile applications make ordering from GrubHub more accessible and personal, driving increased use of our platform by restaurants and diners. Orders placed on mobile devices increased from approximately 20% of our consumer orders in the quarter ended December 31, 2011 to approximately 43% of our consumer orders in the quarter ended December 31, 2013.

 

72


Table of Contents

Our business has grown rapidly. In 2013, we generated revenue of $137.1 million, representing a 67% increase from 2012. Our revenue growth has been driven primarily by increasing adoption of our platform by restaurants and diners, with 3.4 million Active Diners as of December 31, 2013, and the inclusion of results from the GrubHub Platform. $26.3 million of the increase in revenue and 1.9 million of the increase in Active Diners were due to the inclusion of results from the GrubHub Platform following the Merger Date. In 2013, our net income was $6.7 million and our Adjusted EBITDA was $38.1 million. See “Summary—Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data” for a discussion and reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income.

 

The following table details the key business metrics for both the GrubHub Platform and the Seamless Platform on a combined basis:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2012      2013  
     (unaudited)  

Active Diners

     1,579,000         2,321,000         3,421,000   

Daily Average Grubs

     59,200         93,600         135,500   

Gross Food Sales (in millions)

   $ 543.5       $ 871.0       $ 1,285.9   

 

The Takeout Market Opportunity

 

Food is an essential, social and enjoyable aspect of everyday life. However, there is often little time to cook at home or dine out. In addition, diners are increasingly looking for a broader and more diversified choice of cuisines and menu items. Takeout offers a convenient alternative, providing diners with a wide variety of options, wherever they want and whenever they want.

 

Large and Fragmented Market

 

Our primary target market is comprised of approximately 350,000 independent restaurants that account for 61% of all U.S. restaurants, according to Euromonitor. According to Euromonitor, Americans spent $204 billion at these independent restaurants in 2012. We believe that Americans spent approximately $67 billion on takeout at these independent restaurants.

 

The takeout segment is one of the largest consumer markets in the United States. Excluding the large chains, the independent restaurant market remains a local and highly fragmented market, mostly comprised of owner-operated family businesses. Like most small business owners, independent restaurants are highly focused on their core expertise—cooking for and serving food to their on-premise diners. Both entrepreneurial and ambitious, these small business owners tend to be time and resource constrained.

 

Challenges for Independent Restaurants

 

Independent restaurant owners recognize that increasing takeout orders enables them to grow their business because they can service the additional orders by leveraging existing resources, including excess capacity and perishable inventory, without adding seating capacity or wait staff. Advertising for takeout is often done through the distribution of menus to local households or through local publications such as the yellow pages. These traditional methods of advertising are typically inefficient, require upfront payment with no certainty of success and are rapidly becoming obsolete as diners shift to online and mobile solutions for local search and discovery. Most online solutions such as search or display advertising tend to be similar to traditional offline advertising in that they lack targeted reach and impose upfront costs with no certainty of success. In addition, to be visible and effective online, restaurants typically need to invest in a website as well as in new solutions and technologies such as mobile applications. These can be complex, expensive and time-intensive tasks that require consistent updates and are beyond the core competencies of most independent restaurants.

 

Providing a quality experience for takeout diners is also a key challenge for restaurants. Because independent restaurants focus on serving on-premise diners, they typically have a limited ability to attend to the

 

73


Table of Contents

needs of takeout diners. The traditional takeout ordering process is highly manual and prone to errors and delays. Effectively and efficiently managing order delivery is also a challenge for independent restaurants given the nature of the process as well as their limited resources to handle follow-up calls.

 

Independent restaurants seek a simple and effective solution to expand their takeout business without significant investments or expertise in marketing and technology.

 

Challenges for Diners

 

For diners, ordering takeout is usually a chore and is often a frustrating experience. Typically, ordering takeout starts with the challenge of choosing where to order from and what to order—usually relying on a tired, outdated and limited choice of menus found in the “menu drawer.” Once a diner chooses and calls a restaurant, the ordering process can lead to angst, as the diner is faced with long hold times, distracted order-takers in an already error-prone process, difficulty communicating special requests, incomplete pricing information and the inevitable wait for delivery with limited transparency. Upon delivery, diners only have a few seconds to confirm that what they received is indeed what they ordered, with limited recourse in the event it is not.

 

Diners seek a simple, convenient and transparent takeout ordering solution with a wide variety of restaurant choices that provides them with a “direct line” into the kitchen.

 

The GrubHub Solution

 

At GrubHub, we focus on providing value to both restaurants and diners through our two-sided network. We provide restaurants with more orders, help them serve diners better and enable them to improve the efficiency of their takeout business. For diners, we make takeout accessible, simple and enjoyable, enabling them to discover new restaurants and accurately and easily place their orders anytime and from anywhere.

 

Why Restaurants Love GrubHub

 

With approximately 28,800 restaurants in our network as of December 31, 2013, we believe that we provide restaurants with the following key benefits:

 

   

More Orders.     Through GrubHub, restaurants in our network receive more orders at full menu prices. By storing our diners’ prior orders and payment information, we facilitate convenient re-ordering, driving repeat business for our restaurants.

 

   

Targeted Reach.     Restaurants in our network gain an online and mobile presence with the ability to reach their most valuable target audience—hungry diners in their area.

 

   

Low Risk, High Return.     GrubHub generates higher margin takeout orders for the restaurants in our network by enabling them to leverage their existing fixed costs. We do not charge our restaurants any upfront or subscription fees, we do not require any discounts from their full-price menus and we only get paid for the orders we generate for them.

 

   

Service and Efficiency.     Restaurants in our network can receive and handle a larger volume of takeout orders more accurately, increasing their operational efficiency while providing their takeout diners with a high-quality experience. Our customer service representatives can help resolve issues that arise in a timely and cost-effective manner.

 

   

Insights.     We provide restaurants with actionable insights based on the significant amount of order data we gather, helping them to optimize their delivery footprints, menus, pricing and online profiles.

 

74


Table of Contents

Why Diners Love GrubHub

 

With 3.4 million Active Diners as of December 31, 2013 and more than 135,000 combined Daily Average Grubs in 2013, we believe that we provide diners with the following key benefits:

 

   

Discovery.     GrubHub aggregates menus and enables ordering from restaurants across more than 600 cities in the United States, in most cases providing diners with more choices than the “menu drawer” and allowing them to discover hidden gems from local restaurants in our network. In addition, with more than 135,000 combined Daily Average Grubs across our platform, we gather a significant amount of order data which enables us to provide valuable information to our diners on popular restaurants and frequently ordered menu items.

 

   

Convenience.     Using GrubHub, diners do not need to place their orders over the phone. We provide diners with an easy-to-use, intuitive and personalized platform that makes ordering simple from any connected device. We make re-ordering even more convenient by storing previous orders, preferences and payment information.

 

   

Control and Transparency.     Our platform empowers diners with a “direct line” into the kitchen, without having to talk to a distracted order-taker in an already error-prone process. Prior to placing an order, diners can review and change their orders, see how their changes affect pricing and include special instructions. In many cases, we send text messages informing diners that their orders are on the way, thus further increasing their visibility and limiting the frustration associated with waiting for a meal while hungry.

 

   

Service.     For diners, GrubHub’s role is similar to that of the waiter in a restaurant, providing a critical layer of customer service that is typically missing in takeout. Our customer service representatives are available by phone to serve our diners both before and after they have placed an order. To provide this customer service, we use our scale to help resolve issues and provide updates and information regarding orders, which ultimately improves our relationship with diners.

 

Our Competitive Advantages

 

Our focus on making takeout better for both restaurants and diners has helped us to develop the following competitive advantages:

 

   

Market Leader with Significant Scale.     We are the largest takeout platform, with approximately $1.3 billion in combined Gross Food Sales on our platform; approximately 28,800 restaurants across 600 cities in the United States; and 3.4 million Active Diners, yielding more than 135,000 combined Daily Average Grubs across our platform.

 

   

Powerful Two-Sided Network Effect.     As we continue to increase the number of restaurants in our network, we become a more compelling platform for diners. As we continue to increase the number of diners on our platform, we generate more orders for and become more compelling to restaurants. The result is a self-reinforcing, mutually beneficial, two-sided network.

 

   

Growing and Recurring Diner Base.     On average, for the quarter ended December 31, 2013, our Active Diners ordered food through our platform approximately 16 times on an annualized basis. We have grown the number of Active Diners using our platform from 0.7 million as of December 31, 2011 to 3.4 million as of December 31, 2013. We believe that our easy-to-use ordering system, restaurant choices and enjoyable user experience all inspire new diners to try GrubHub and encourage existing diners to make GrubHub a way of life, driving repeat and growing use of our platform.

 

   

Product Innovation.     We have a history of introducing new products that make our platform better through our mobile applications and our restaurant-facing products, such as OrderHub and Boost. We help restaurants in our network streamline their operations, which enables us to provide better service to our diners.

 

   

Mobile Engagement and Monetization.     Our mobile applications, including our iPhone, iPad and Android applications, enable diners to place orders from wherever they may be and then get home in time for

 

75


Table of Contents
 

delivery or pick up orders on their way home. We benefit from the growing adoption and increased use of our mobile applications, as they significantly increase the number of orders diners place through GrubHub. Orders placed on mobile devices increased from approximately 20% of our consumer orders during the quarter ended December 31, 2011 to approximately 43% of our consumer orders during the quarter ended December 31, 2013. We monetize the orders placed through our mobile applications using the same rate as orders placed through our websites.

 

   

Attractive Business Model.     Our scalable platform enables us to process additional orders at low incremental cost. As our two-sided network of restaurants and diners has grown, many of our restaurants have chosen to pay higher rates to receive better exposure to more diners on our platform, and this has resulted in higher overall commission rates for us.

 

Our Growth Strategy

 

We strive to make GrubHub an integral part of everyday life for our restaurants and diners through the following growth strategies:

 

   

Grow our Two-Sided Network.     We intend to grow the number of restaurants in our existing geographic markets by providing them with opportunities to generate more takeout orders. We intend to grow the number of diners and orders placed on our network primarily through word-of-mouth referrals, marketing that encourages adoption of our mobile applications and increased order frequency.

 

   

Enhance our Platform.     We plan to continue to invest in our websites and mobile products, develop new products and better leverage the significant amount of order data that we collect, helping us generate more takeout orders for restaurants while providing diners with more control and better transparency as we seek to make takeout better.

 

   

Deliver Excellent Customer Service.     We plan to continue to deliver our excellent customer service experience for both restaurants and diners. By meeting and exceeding the expectations of both restaurants and diners through our customer service, we seek to gain their loyalty and support for our platform.

 

   

Pursue Strategic Acquisitions.     In the past we have successfully completed several acquisitions such as MenuPages, DotMenu and FanGo, Inc. (“FanGo”). We intend to continue to pursue expansion opportunities in existing and new markets, as well as in core and adjacent categories through strategic acquisitions.

 

Our Products

 

All of our products are designed with the goal of making takeout better, more efficient and enjoyable.

 

GrubHub and Seamless Websites

 

The primary way diners access our platform is through www.grubhub.com and www.seamless.com , both of which we have consistently improved since inception. To use our websites, diners enter their delivery address and are presented with local restaurants that provide takeout. Diners can further refine their search results using our search capability, enabling them to filter results across cuisine types, restaurant names, menu items, proximity, ratings and other criteria. Once diners have found what they are looking for, they place their orders using our easy-to-use and intuitive menus, enabling them to discover food choices, select options and provide specific instructions on a dish-by-dish basis. Once an order is received, we transmit it to the restaurant, while saving the diners’ preferences for future orders, thus providing diners with a convenient repeat order experience.

 

GrubHub and Seamless Mobile Apps

 

We offer diners access to our network through our mobile applications designed for iPhone, iPad and Android devices. Our mobile applications provide diners with the same functionality as our websites, including restaurant discovery, search and ordering. For restaurants, mobile orders are received in the same way as our website-based orders, and we charge the same commission for both.

 

76


Table of Contents

Seamless Corporate Program

 

On the Seamless Platform, we provide a corporate program that helps businesses address inefficiencies in food ordering and associated billing. Our corporate program offers employees a wide variety of food and ordering options, including options for individual meals, group ordering and catering, as well as proprietary tools that consolidate all food ordering into a single online account that enables companies to proactively manage food spend by automating the enforcement of budgets and rules. Our corporate tools provide consolidated ordering and invoicing, eliminating the need for employee expense reports and therefore significantly reducing administrative overhead relating to office food ordering.

 

Allmenus and MenuPages

 

Allmenus.com and MenuPages, both of which were acquired in September 2011 by GrubHub Holdings and Seamless North America, LLC, respectively, provide an aggregated database of approximately 275,000 menus from restaurants across all 50 states. The websites are searchable by cuisine type, restaurant name, menu items and other criteria. For those restaurants whose menus are posted on allmenus.com or MenuPages and who are also part of our restaurant network, we provide a link from their menus to our websites, through which diners can then place their orders, providing us with an efficient customer acquisition channel.

 

OrderHub and Boost

 

Restaurants have historically received orders from GrubHub through a facsimile or email and are required to confirm the order over the phone. Though most of our restaurants still use this traditional method, several thousand restaurants use our tablet solutions, OrderHub and Boost. These tools can electronically receive and display orders at the restaurant, providing operators with the capability to acknowledge receipt of the order and update the estimated completion time and status with an easy-to-use application. OrderHub and Boost allow us to monitor orders through the takeout process (receipt, ready for pickup, on the way, etc.). In turn, we can make that information available to hungry diners who are waiting for their orders, thus providing greater transparency, reducing their frustration and making the takeout experience more enjoyable.

 

Restaurant Websites

 

We offer the restaurants in our network a turnkey website design and hosting service powered by template-driven technology, which provides the restaurants in our network with a simple yet effective online presence. We process the orders placed through these websites through our platforms.

 

APIs

 

We have developed an application programming interface for third-party websites to easily incorporate our order delivery platform, driving additional orders for the restaurants in our network. Currently, third-party websites are not a material source of Active Diners for us.

 

Customer Service

 

Customer service is an important element of our value proposition to both restaurants and diners. Like our products, our customer service is designed to make takeout better, more efficient and enjoyable.

 

Restaurants

 

Customer service is an important component of our value proposition for restaurants, enabling them to focus on food preparation and delivery. We provide restaurants with 24/7 service, where our operators are able to assist with problems that may arise. We track and manage restaurant performance on our platform, helping restaurants manage capacity issues while ensuring that our diners receive the service they expect.

 

77


Table of Contents

In addition to our operations-related services, we offer restaurants actionable insights based on the significant amount of order data we gather, helping restaurants optimize their delivery footprint, menus, pricing and online profiles.

 

Diners

 

The customer service we offer to our diners is also an important component of our value proposition, helping us generate diner satisfaction and positive word-of-mouth referrals. We believe that it is our responsibility to make our diners happy. When diners call our 24/7 customer service line, we typically help them add items to orders that have already been placed and inform them of the status of their orders. While our goal is to ensure that every order is processed through our websites and mobile platforms smoothly, when problems arise, we welcome the chance to engage with our diners and resolve problems to their satisfaction. We believe that our excellent customer service is a driver for our business, enabling us to generate diner referrals, which in turn leads to more frequent ordering and overall loyalty to our platform.

 

Our Geographic Markets

 

Our geographic reach includes more than 600 cities across the United States as well as London. Our primary markets are: Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco and Washington, D.C.

 

Sales

 

Our sales team adds new restaurants to our network by emphasizing our low risk, high return proposition: we provide more orders, we do not charge any upfront payments or subscription fees, we do not require any discounts from a restaurant’s full price menus and we only get paid on orders we generate for them. We generate many of our leads for new restaurants through our allmenus.com and MenuPages websites, which give us insights into which restaurants are popular with diners and are not yet on our network. We then contact those restaurants either through our inside sales team, based in our Chicago office, or through our local, “feet-on-the-street” sales force. Once restaurants have joined our network, GrubHub representatives continue to work with them to maintain quality control and to increase their order volume. Our sales team also focuses on adding new corporate program clients by emphasizing our value proposition: a wide variety of ordering options for employees and proprietary tools that provide rule-based ordering and consolidated reporting and invoicing for employers.

 

Marketing

 

We believe that our online ordering platform, innovative products and excellent customer service are our best and most effective marketing tools, helping us generate strong word-of-mouth referrals, which have been the primary driver of our diner growth. Our integrated marketing efforts are aimed at driving existing diners to engage more frequently with our platform and encouraging new diners to try our platform. We use both online as well as offline advertising. Our advertisements educate people about GrubHub in an amusing and sometimes irreverent way, generating brand awareness among potential diners and driving overall order growth. Below are representative examples of our advertising:

 

LOGO

 

78


Table of Contents

LOGO

 

LOGO

 

LOGO

 

LOGO

 

Technology

 

We generally develop additional features for our platform in-house, focusing on quick release cycles and constant improvement. Our web and mobile properties are hosted from three locations in Illinois, Texas and Utah, each of which are owned and operated by a third-party provider of hosting services. Our platform includes a variety of encryption, antivirus, firewall and patch-management technology to protect and maintain the systems and computers across our business. We rely on third-party off-the-shelf technology as well as internally developed and proprietary products and systems to ensure rapid, high-quality customer service, software development, website integration, updates and maintenance. We leverage off-the-shelf hardware and software platforms in order to build and customize our hardware-based products such as our OrderHub tablet, which is based on the Android operating system.

 

79


Table of Contents

Competition

 

We primarily compete with the traditional offline ordering process used by the vast majority of restaurants and diners involving paper menus that restaurants distribute to diners, as well as advertising that restaurants place in local publications to attract diners. For diners, we compete with the traditional ordering process by aggregating restaurant and menu information in one place online so that it is easier and more convenient to find a desirable restaurant option and place a customized order without having to interact directly with the restaurants. For restaurants, we offer a more targeted marketing opportunity than the yellow pages, billboards or other local advertising mediums since our diners typically access our platform when they are looking to place a takeout order, and GrubHub captures the transaction right when a diner has made a decision.

 

Our online competition consists primarily of local service providers, point-of-sale module vendors that serve some independent restaurants who have their own standalone websites and the online interfaces of larger chain restaurants that also offer takeout. Compared to other online platforms, GrubHub offers diners choices, whereas many online platforms offer only one brand and menu, particularly the chain restaurants. We also compete for diners with these online competitors on the basis of convenience, control and customer service. For restaurants, we compete with other online platforms based on our ability to generate additional orders as well as on our reach, targeted scale and ability to help them improve their operational efficiency, with product innovations like OrderHub and Boost, and diner experience.

 

We believe we compete favorably based on these factors for both restaurants and diners. Although paper menus are still our biggest competition, based on available information regarding the number of diners and restaurants on our platform and the number of orders processed through our platform, we believe we are the largest online provider of takeout orders in the United States.

 

Employees

 

As of December 31, 2013, we had approximately 680 full-time employees. None of our employees is represented by a labor union with respect to his or her employment with us.

 

Intellectual Property

 

We protect our intellectual property through a combination of trademarks, trade dress, domain name registrations, copyrights, trade secrets and patents applications, as well as contractual provisions and restrictions on access to and use of our proprietary information.

 

As of January 31, 2014, we had more than 40 trademarks registered in the United States, including: “GrubHub,” “happy eating,” “Seamless,” “OrderHub” and “Your food is here.” We also have filed other trademark applications in the United States and abroad and may pursue additional trademark registrations to the extent we believe it will be beneficial and cost-effective.

 

As of January 31, 2014, we had three patents issued in the United States and 15 patent applications pending in the United States, which seek to cover proprietary inventions relevant to our products and services. We may pursue additional patent protection to the extent we believe it will be beneficial and cost effective.

 

We are the registered holder of a variety of domestic and international domain names that include the terms “GrubHub,” “Seamless,” “Allmenus,” “MenuPages” and certain of our other trademarks and similar variations of such terms.

 

In addition to the protection provided by our intellectual property rights, we enter into confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants, contractors and business partners who are given access to our confidential information. Further, our employees and contractors who contribute to the development of material

 

80


Table of Contents

intellectual property on our behalf are also subject to invention assignment and/or license agreements, as appropriate. We further control the use of our proprietary technology and intellectual property through our general websites and product-specific terms of use and policies.

 

Facilities

 

On September 1, 2012, we commenced a lease effective through August 31, 2017 for approximately 60,000 square feet of office space that houses our principal operations in Chicago, Illinois (the “Chicago Lease”). On December 11, 2013, we amended the Chicago Lease to add approximately 10,500 square feet of additional office space, commencing on March 1, 2014 through February 29, 2016. On August 4, 2011, we commenced a lease effective through June 30, 2022 for approximately 28,700 square feet of office space in New York, New York. We believe these facilities are sufficient for our current needs, but we may need to seek additional facilities if our business continues to grow.

 

Legal Proceedings

 

In August 2011, Ameranth, Inc. (“Ameranth”) filed a patent infringement action against a number of defendants, including GrubHub Holdings in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California (the “Court”), Case No. 3:11-cv-1810 (“’1810 action”). In September 2011, Ameranth amended its complaint in the ’1810 action to also accuse Seamless North America, LLC of infringement. Ameranth alleged that the GrubHub Holdings and Seamless North America, LLC ordering systems, products and services infringe claims 12 and 15 of U.S. Patent No. 6,384,850 and claims 11 through 15 of U.S. Patent No. 6,871,325.

 

In March 2012, Ameranth initiated eight additional actions for infringement of a third, related patent, U.S. Patent No. 8,146,077, in the same forum, including separate actions against GrubHub Holdings, Case No. 3:12-cv-739 (“’739 action”), and Seamless, Case No. 3:12-cv-737 (“’737 action”). In August 2012, the Court severed the claims against GrubHub Holdings and Seamless North America, LLC in the ’1810 action and consolidated them with the ’739 and ’737 actions, respectively. Later, the Court consolidated these separate cases against GrubHub Holdings and Seamless North America, LLC, along with the approximately 40 other cases Ameranth filed in the same district, with the original ’1810 action. In their answers, GrubHub Holdings and Seamless North America, LLC denied infringement and interposed various defenses, including non-infringement, invalidity, unenforceability and inequitable conduct.

 

On November 26, 2013, the consolidated case was stayed pending the disposition of petitions for post-grant review of all the patents in suit. These petitions were filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “PTO”) under the new Transitional Program for Covered Business Method Patents (the “CBM proceedings”). The CBM proceedings could potentially result in the cancellation of the asserted claims as invalid based on lack of a written description, indefiniteness or non-statutory subject matter. Pending the outcome of the CBM proceedings, the court has vacated all discovery deadlines and Early Neutral Evaluation Conferences, with a new schedule to be set after a final decision by the PTO.

 

We believe Ameranth’s assertions lack merit, and we intend to defend ourselves vigorously before the Court and before the PTO. In addition to the matters described above, from time to time, we are involved in various other legal proceedings arising from the normal course of business activities.

 

81


Table of Contents

MANAGEMENT

 

The following table provides information regarding our executive officers and directors as of March 10, 2014:

 

Name

   Age   

Position(s)

Matthew Maloney

   38    Chief Executive Officer and Director

Jonathan Zabusky

   40    President and Director

Adam DeWitt

   41    Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Michael Evans

   36    Chief Operating Officer

Sanjay Tiwary

   49    Chief Information Officer

Margo Drucker

   49    General Counsel and Secretary

Brian McAndrews

   55    Chairman of the Board

David Fisher

   44    Director

Lloyd Frink

   49    Director

J. William Gurley

   47    Director

Justin Sadrian

   41    Director

Benjamin Spero

   38    Director

 

Executive Officers

 

Matthew Maloney .    Matthew Maloney has served, since the Merger Date, as Chief Executive Officer of GrubHub Inc., the leading online and mobile food-ordering company. Prior to the Merger, Mr. Maloney served as Chief Executive Officer of GrubHub Holdings, a company he co-founded in 2004. Mr. Maloney led GrubHub Holdings through five rounds of investment funding, the acquisition of DotMenu, the Merger with the Seamless Platform and the 2012 launch of OrderHub. Mr. Maloney currently serves as an advisory board member for The University of Chicago Booth School of Business and Polsky Center for Entrepreneurship and sits on the board of directors of Merge Healthcare Incorporated (Nasdaq: MRGE). He is a member of ChicagoNEXT, an organization dedicated to driving growth and opportunity in the Chicago business community. He is also the 2012 Built in Chicago Moxie Award winner for CEO of the Year and a regular contributor to  The Wall Street Journal’s  The Accelerators blog. Mr. Maloney holds an MBA and MSCS from the University of Chicago.

 

We believe that Mr. Maloney is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of his perspective as a co-founder of GrubHub Holdings, his technology development experience and his strategic insight into the Company, gained from his role as Chief Executive Officer.

 

Jonathan Zabusky .    Jonathan Zabusky has served as President of GrubHub Inc., where he oversees Product, Marketing, Business Development, Corporate Accounts and the Restaurant Network, since the Merger Date. From June 2011 until the Merger Date, Mr. Zabusky served as Chief Executive Officer of Seamless North America, LLC. During his tenure at Seamless, Mr. Zabusky led the spin-out/recapitalization from Aramark, the acquisition of MenuPages and the rollout of the mobile product portfolio. From December 2009 to June 2011, Mr. Zabusky served as President of SeamlessWeb Professional Solutions, Inc., and from April 2008 to December 2009, he served as Vice President of SeamlessWeb Professional Solutions, Inc. Mr. Zabusky holds a B.S. in Economics from The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and an MBA from the Haas School of the University of California, Berkeley.

 

We believe that Mr. Zabusky is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of the strategic perspective he brings from his tenure as Chief Executive Officer at Seamless North America, LLC and his operating experience focusing on the consumer market, mobile development and expanding the business into new customer segments and geographies.

 

Adam DeWitt .    Adam DeWitt served as Chief Financial Officer of GrubHub Holdings from November 2011 until the Merger Date, and since the Merger Date, he has served in the same capacity for us. From March 2007 to

 

82


Table of Contents

October 2011, Mr. DeWitt served as Chief Financial Officer of optionsXpress Holdings, Inc., an online securities brokerage, and from March 2005 to March 2007, as its Vice President of Finance, where he managed financial reporting, budgeting, investor relations and corporate development. Mr. DeWitt holds an A.B. in Economics from Dartmouth College.

 

Michael Evans .    Michael Evans co-founded GrubHub Holdings in 2004 and served as GrubHub Holdings’ President and Corporate Secretary until the Merger Date, at which time he became our Chief Operating Officer. He also served as a member of GrubHub Holdings’ board of directors from November 2007 until the Merger Date and from the Merger Date and until the consummation of this offering, Mr. Evans served on our board. Mr. Evans holds a B.S. and a Masters in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Mr. Evans will be leaving the Company to pursue other opportunities on or before June 30, 2014. Until his departure date, Mr. Evans will continue to perform the duties and responsibilities customary and consistent with his positions and will assist us in our transition.

 

We believe that Mr. Evans is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of his perspective as a co-founder of GrubHub Holdings, his technology development experience and his understanding of the operations of the Company gained from his role as GrubHub Holdings’ President.

 

Sanjay Tiwary .    Sanjay Tiwary served as the Chief Information Officer of Seamless North America, LLC from September 2011 until the Merger Date, and since the Merger Date, he has served in the same capacity for us. From July 2010 to August 2011, Mr. Tiwary served as Chief Information Officer, Insurance Division of Bankrate, Inc. From July 2007 to July 2010, Mr. Tiwary served as Chief Information Officer of Netquote, Inc. Mr. Tiwary has a B. Tech in Electronics and Communications Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology.

 

Margo Drucker .    Margo Drucker served as Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Seamless North America, LLC from June 2012 until the Merger Date, and since the Merger Date, she has served in the same capacities for us. From November 2005 to June 2012, Ms. Drucker served as Senior Vice President and Senior Deputy General Counsel at Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, Inc. New York, where she oversaw all aspects of the legal department, including licensing, employment, SEC filings, corporate governance, litigation, and operational agreements. Ms. Drucker holds a B.A. in History and Economics from Brown University and a J.D. from New York University School of Law.

 

Non-Employee Directors

 

Brian McAndrews .    Brian McAndrews served on the board of directors of Seamless North America, LLC from October 2011 until the Merger Date, and since the Merger Date, he has served in the same capacity for us. Mr. McAndrews currently serves as chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of Pandora Media, Inc. From September 2009 to August 2013, Mr. McAndrews served as Managing Director and Venture Partner of Madrona Venture Group, LLC. From August 2007 to December 2008, Mr. McAndrews served as Senior Vice President, Advertiser and Publisher Solutions of the Microsoft Corporation. Mr. McAndrews currently serves as chairman of the board of Pandora Media, Inc., and serves on the board of directors and compensation committee of the New York Times Company and on the board of directors of AppNexus Inc. Mr. McAndrews holds an A.B. in Economics from Harvard College and an MBA from the Stanford Graduate School of Business.

 

We believe that Mr. McAndrews is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of his deep digital experience gained through his experience as a chief executive officer of public companies in the technology industry, as well as his private and public company director experience. His background in both traditional and digital media has also given him an understanding of digital advertising, mobile and the integration of emerging technologies, which is highly valued by the Company and the board of directors as the Company continues to expand its business.

 

83


Table of Contents

David Fisher .    David Fisher served on the board of directors of GrubHub Holdings from June 2012 until the Merger Date, and since the Merger Date, he has served in the same capacity for us. Mr. Fisher currently serves as Chief Executive Officer of Enova International, Inc. From September 2011 to March 2012, Mr. Fisher served as Chief Executive Officer of optionsXpress Holdings, Inc., and as Senior Vice President of Charles Schwab Corporation following its acquisition of optionsXpress Holdings, Inc. From October 2007 to September 2011, Mr. Fisher served as Chief Executive Officer of optionsXpress Holdings, Inc., from March 2007 to October 2007, as its President, and, from August 2004 to March 2007, as its Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Fisher currently serves on the board of directors and audit committee of Innerworkings, Inc., a global print management provider. Mr. Fisher holds a B.S. in Finance from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and a J.D. from Northwestern University School of Law.

 

We believe that Mr. Fisher is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of his current and prior service on public company boards of directors and his experience as a chief executive officer and chief financial officer for a number of companies.

 

Lloyd Frink .    Lloyd Frink has served on the board of directors of the Company since December 2013. Mr. Frink is co-founder of Zillow, Inc. and has served as Vice Chairman since March 2011, as a member of the board of directors since December 2004, and as President since February 2005. Mr. Frink previously served as Zillow, Inc.’s Vice President from December 2004 to February 2005, as its Treasurer from December 2009 to March 2011, and as Chief Strategy Officer from September 2010 to March 2011. From 1999 to 2004, Mr. Frink was at Expedia, Inc., where he held many leadership positions, including Senior Vice President, Supplier Relations, in which position he managed the air, hotel, car, destination services, content, merchandising and partner marketing groups from 2003 to 2004. Mr. Frink holds an A.B. in Economics from Stanford University.

 

Mr. Frink is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his extensive background and experience with Internet-based companies, including experience in marketing products to consumers through the Internet.

 

J. William Gurley .    J. William Gurley served on the board of directors of GrubHub Holdings from November 2010 until the Merger Date, and since the Merger Date, he has served in the same capacity for us. Mr. Gurley is a general partner at Benchmark Capital, which he joined in 1999. Mr. Gurley is currently a member of the boards of directors of OpenTable, Inc., an online reservations system, and Zillow, Inc., an online real estate marketplace. Mr. Gurley is a chartered financial analyst and holds a B.S. from the University of Florida and an MBA from the University of Texas.

 

We believe that Mr. Gurley is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of the strategic insights he brings as a venture capital investor and his service on a variety of public company boards of directors.

 

Justin L. Sadrian .    Justin L. Sadrian served on the board of directors of Seamless North America, LLC from October 2012 until the Merger Date, and since the Merger Date, he has served in the same capacity for us. He joined Warburg Pincus LLC in 2000. He is a partner at the firm of Warburg Pincus & Co., and a Member and Managing Director of Warburg Pincus LLC. Mr. Sadrian leads the firm’s West Coast office and focuses on media, Internet and information investments. Prior to joining the firm, Mr. Sadrian worked at J.P. Morgan in its investment banking and private equity groups. He is currently on the board of directors of Endurance International Group Holdings, Inc., MultiView, Inc., The Gordian Group, Inc. and A Place for Mom Inc. In addition, Mr. Sadrian is a Vice Chair of Friends of Hudson River Park and a director of Building Educated Leaders for Life. Mr. Sadrian received an A.B. from Dartmouth College and an MBA from Harvard Business School.

 

We believe that Mr. Sadrian is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of the strategic insights he brings as a private equity investor in the technology and media spaces.

 

Benjamin Spero .    Benjamin Spero served on the board of directors of Seamless North America, LLC from June 2011 until the Merger Date, and since the Merger Date, he has served in the same capacity for us. Mr. Spero

 

84


Table of Contents

currently serves as Managing Director of Spectrum, and was nominated to our board of directors by SLW Investors, LLC, an affiliate of Spectrum, pursuant to the terms of the Stockholders’ Agreement that we entered in connection with the Merger. Prior to joining Spectrum, Mr. Spero was a consultant at Bain & Company and co-founder of TouchPak, Inc. Mr. Spero has served on the boards of directors of Ancestry.com LLC, Animoto Inc., Planet Payment, Inc., Mortgagebot LLC, NetQuote, Inc., SurveyMonkey Inc. and WeddingWire Inc. Mr. Spero is also Board Chair at Destination: Home, a public-private partnership to end homelessness in Santa Clara County. Mr. Spero holds a B.A. in Economics and History from Duke University.

 

We believe that Mr. Spero is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of his extensive experience serving on boards of directors in the technology space as well as on public company boards.

 

Family Relationships

 

There are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers.

 

Codes of Business Conduct and Ethics

 

In December 2013, our board of directors adopted a code of business conduct and ethics that applies to all of our employees, officers and directors, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.

 

Board of Directors

 

Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our board of directors, with Mr. McAndrews serving as Chairman. The number of directors will be fixed by our board of directors, subject to the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws that will become effective immediately prior to the completion of this offering. Our board of directors currently consists of 9 directors, however, following this offering, our board of directors will consist of 8 directors, 6 of whom will qualify as “independent” under the NYSE listing standards.

 

In connection with this offering, all of our outstanding convertible Preferred Stock will be converted into shares of common stock and all existing contractual rights to appoint directors will be terminated. In accordance with our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws, immediately prior to the completion of this offering, our board of directors will be divided into three classes with staggered three-year terms. Only one class of directors will be elected at each annual meeting of our stockholders, with the other classes continuing for the remainder of their respective three-year terms. Our directors will be divided among the three classes as follows:

 

   

the Class I directors will be Messrs. Matthew Maloney, Brian McAndrews and William Gurley, and their terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2014;

 

   

the Class II directors will be Messrs. David Fisher, Justin Sadrian and Benjamin Spero, and their terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2015; and

 

   

the Class III directors will be Messrs. Lloyd Frink and Jonathan Zabusky, and their terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2016.

 

Any increase or decrease in the number of directors will be distributed among the three classes so that, as nearly as possible, each class will consist of one-third of the directors.

 

This classification of our board of directors may have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in control of our Company.

 

Director Independence

 

Our board of directors has undertaken a review of the independence of each director. Based on information provided by each director concerning his or her background, employment, and affiliations, our board of directors

 

85


Table of Contents

has determined that Messrs. Brian McAndrews, David Fisher, Lloyd Frink, William Gurley, Justin Sadrian and Benjamin Spero do not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director and that each of these directors is “independent” as that term is defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing standards of the NYSE. In making these determinations, our board of directors considered the current and prior relationships that each non-employee director has with our Company and all other facts and circumstances our board of directors deemed relevant in determining their independence, including the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by each non-employee director, and the transactions involving them described in the section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions.”

 

Committees of the Board of Directors

 

Our board of directors has established, effective prior to the completion of this offering, an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and governance committee. The composition and responsibilities of each of the committees of our board of directors is described below. Members will serve on these committees until their resignation or until as otherwise determined by our board of directors.

 

Audit Committee

 

Immediately following the completion of this offering, our audit committee will consist of Messrs. David Fisher, William Gurley and Justin Sadrian, with Mr. David Fisher serving as Chairman. The composition of our audit committee meets the requirements for independence under current NYSE listing standards and SEC rules and regulations. Each member of our audit committee meets the financial literacy requirements of NYSE listing standards. In addition, our board of directors has determined that Mr. William Gurley is an audit committee financial expert within the meaning of Item 407(d) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act. Our audit committee will, among other things:

 

   

select a qualified firm to serve as the independent registered public accounting firm to audit our financial statements;

 

   

help to ensure the independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm;

 

   

discuss the scope and results of the audit with the independent registered public accounting firm, and review, with management and the independent registered public accounting firm, our interim and year-end results of operations;

 

   

develop procedures for employees to submit concerns anonymously about questionable accounting or audit matters;

 

   

review our policies on risk assessment and risk management;

 

   

review related party transactions;

 

   

obtain and review a report by the independent registered public accounting firm at least annually that describes our internal control procedures, any material issues with such procedures, and any steps taken to deal with such issues; and

 

   

pre-approve (or, as permitted, approve) all audit and all permissible non-audit services, other than de minimis non-audit services, to be performed by the independent registered public accounting firm.

 

Our audit committee will operate under a written charter, to be effective prior to the completion of this offering, that satisfies the applicable rules of the SEC and the listing standards of NYSE.

 

Compensation Committee

 

Immediately following the completion of this offering, our compensation committee will consist of Messrs. David Fisher, Lloyd Frink and Benjamin Spero, with Mr. Benjamin Spero serving as Chairman. The

 

86


Table of Contents

composition of our compensation committee meets the requirements for independence under NYSE listing standards and SEC rules and regulations. Each member of the compensation committee is also a non-employee director, as defined pursuant to Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act, and an outside director, as defined pursuant to Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code. The purpose of our compensation committee is to discharge the responsibilities of our board of directors relating to compensation of our executive officers. Our compensation committee, among other things:

 

   

reviews, approves and determines, or makes recommendations to our board of directors regarding, the compensation of our executive officers;

 

   

administers our stock and equity incentive plans;

 

   

reviews and approves and makes recommendations to our board of directors regarding incentive compensation and equity plans; and

 

   

establishes and reviews general policies relating to compensation and benefits of our employees. Our compensation committee will operate under a written charter, to be effective prior to the completion of this offering, that satisfies the applicable rules of the SEC and the listing standards of the NYSE.

 

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

 

Immediately following the completion of this offering, our nominating and corporate governance committee will consist of Messrs. Brian McAndrews, Justin Sadrian and Benjamin Spero, with Mr. Justin Sadrian serving as Chairman. The composition of our nominating and corporate governance committee meets the requirements for independence under listing standards and SEC rules and regulations. Our nominating and corporate governance committee will, among other things:

 

   

identify, evaluate and select, or make recommendations to our board of directors regarding, nominees for election to our board of directors and its committees;

 

   

evaluate the performance of our board of directors and of individual directors;

 

   

consider and make recommendations to our board of directors regarding the composition of our board of directors and its committees;

 

   

review developments in corporate governance practices;

 

   

evaluate the adequacy of our corporate governance practices and reporting; and

 

   

develop and make recommendations to our board of directors regarding corporate governance guidelines and matters.

 

The nominating and governance committee will operate under a written charter, to be effective prior to the completion of this offering that satisfies the applicable listing requirements and rules of the NYSE.

 

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

 

None of our executive officers currently serves, or in the past year has served, as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our board of directors or compensation committee. During the year ended December 31, 2013, we had a compensation committee, on which Messrs. Brian McAndrews, Justin Sadrian and Benjamin Spero served as members.

 

Director Compensation

 

The following table sets forth information concerning compensation paid or accrued for services rendered to us by members of our board of directors for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

87


Table of Contents

Director Compensation Table—2013

 

The following table sets forth information concerning compensation paid for services rendered to us by members of our board of directors for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

Name

   Fees Earned or
Paid in Cash
     Option
Awards
     Total  

Brian McAndrews

   $ 75,000       $ —         $ 75,000   

David Fisher

     —           —           —     

J. William Gurley

     —           —           —     

Justin Sadrian

     —           —           —     

Benjamin Spero

     —           —           —     

Lloyd Frink (1)

     —           116,000         116,000   

 

(1)   Mr. Lloyd Frink was appointed a director on December 19, 2013. In connection with his appointment, he was granted 20,000 options with a value of $116,000 (using the fair value of the award as of the grant date calculated in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 718, Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), excluding any estimate of future forfeitures).

 

The table excludes Messrs. Matthew Maloney, Michael Evans and Jonathan Zabusky, who are also employees of the Company and have not received compensation for their services as directors for the year ended December 31, 2013. See the section titled “Executive Compensation” for more information about the compensation of such employees. Of our non-employee directors, Messrs. McAndrews and Frink are the only directors who received compensation in the year ended December 31, 2013, as shown in the table above.

 

Effective as of January 1, 2014, our policy is to provide Messrs. Lloyd Frink, Brian McAndrews and David Fisher (and any other non-employee director that is not serving on our board of directors by virtue of his or her relationship with a significant institutional shareholder) with compensation for their services on our board of directors (each an “Unaffiliated Director”). Each Unaffiliated Director receives an annual cash compensation of $30,000. The Unaffiliated Director chair of the board of directors receives a supplemental annual cash compensation of $30,000. Any Unaffiliated Director chairs of the audit and compensation committees receive a supplemental $20,000 in annual cash compensation, and any Unaffiliated Director chair of the nominating and corporate governance committee receives a supplemental $12,000 in annual cash compensation. Any Unaffiliated Director, non-chair members of the audit committee receive a supplemental annual cash compensation of $10,000. Any Unaffiliated Director, non-chair members of the compensation committee receive a supplemental annual cash compensation of $6,000, and any Unaffiliated Director, non-chair members of the nominating and corporate governance committee receive a supplemental annual cash compensation of $3,000. Upon completion of this offering, Unaffiliated Directors will receive an annual equity option grant of $100,000 in value. Any Unaffiliated Director who is appointed after the completion of this offering will receive an initial option grant of $250,000.

 

Directors have been and will continue to be reimbursed for travel, food, lodging and other expenses directly related to their activities as directors. Directors are also entitled to the protection provided by their indemnification agreements and the indemnification provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation that will become effective immediately upon the completion of this offering, as described in further detail below.

 

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors

 

Prior to the completion of this offering, we expect to adopt an amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which will become effective immediately prior to the completion of this offering, and which will contain provisions that limit the liability of our directors for monetary damages to the fullest extent permitted by

 

88


Table of Contents

Delaware law. Consequently, our directors will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duties as directors, except liability for the following:

 

   

any breach of their duty of loyalty to our Company or our stockholders;

 

   

any act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;

 

   

unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions as provided in Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”); or

 

   

any transaction from which they derived an improper personal benefit.

 

Any amendment to, or repeal of, these provisions will not eliminate or reduce the effect of these provisions in respect of any act, omission or claim that occurred or arose prior to that amendment or repeal. If the DGCL is amended to provide for further limitations on the personal liability of directors of corporations, then the personal liability of our directors will be further limited to the greatest extent permitted by the DGCL.

 

In addition, prior to the completion of this offering, we will adopt amended and restated bylaws which will provide that we will indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any person who is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any action, suit or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was one of our directors or officers or is or was serving at our request as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise. Our amended and restated bylaws will provide that we may indemnify to the fullest extent permitted by law any person who is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any action, suit or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was one of our employees or agents or is or was serving at our request as an employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise. Our amended and restated bylaws will also provide that we must advance expenses incurred by or on behalf of a director or officer in advance of the final disposition of any action or proceeding, subject to very limited exceptions.

 

Further, prior to the completion of this offering, we expect to enter into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers that may be broader than the specific indemnification provisions contained in the DGCL. These indemnification agreements will require us, among other things, to indemnify our directors and executive officers against liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service. These indemnification agreements will also require us to advance all expenses incurred by the directors and executive officers in investigating or defending any such action, suit, or proceeding. We believe that these agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve as directors and executive officers.

 

The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions that are expected to be included in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended restated bylaws, and in indemnification agreements that we enter into with our directors and executive officers may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against our directors and executive officers for breach of their fiduciary duties. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against our directors and executive officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and other stockholders. Further, a stockholder’s investment may be adversely affected to the extent that we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and executive officers as required by these indemnification provisions. At present, we are not aware of any pending litigation or proceeding involving any person who is or was one of our directors, officers, employees or other agents or is or was serving at our request as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, for which indemnification is sought, and we are not aware of any threatened litigation that may result in claims for indemnification.

 

We have obtained insurance policies under which, subject to the limitations of the policies, coverage is provided to our directors and executive officers against loss arising from claims made by reason of breach of

 

89


Table of Contents

fiduciary duty or other wrongful acts as a director or executive officer, including claims relating to public securities matters, and to us with respect to payments that may be made by us to these directors and executive officers pursuant to our indemnification obligations or otherwise as a matter of law.

 

Certain of our non-employee directors may, through their relationships with their employers, be insured and/or indemnified against certain liabilities incurred in their capacity as members of our board of directors.

 

The underwriting agreement provides for indemnification by the underwriters of us and our officers, directors and employees for certain liabilities arising under the Securities Act, or otherwise.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling our company pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

 

90


Table of Contents

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

The following section provides compensation information pursuant to the scaled disclosure rules applicable to “emerging growth companies” under the rules of the SEC.

 

Named Executive Officers

 

Our named executive officers (“NEOs”), for the year ending December 31, 2013, which consist of our principal executive officer, our previous principal executive officer who now serves as our president, and our two other most highly-compensated executives, are:

 

   

Matthew Maloney, our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”);

 

   

Jonathan Zabusky, our President (“President”);

 

   

Adam DeWitt, our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”); and

 

   

Michael Evans, our Chief Operating Officer (“COO”).

 

Introduction

 

In connection with the Merger, the Company entered into amended employment agreements with our NEOs, adopted the 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2013 Plan”), and assumed under the 2013 Plan each of the NEO’s option awards that were outstanding prior to the Merger (the “Pre-Merger Options”), each of which are described in further detail below.

 

2013 Summary Compensation Table

 

The following table summarizes the compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to our NEOs for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2013. Amounts for the period of time prior to the Merger in 2013 reflect compensation earned by Messrs. Maloney, DeWitt and Evans in connection with their GrubHub Holdings employment and compensation earned by Mr. Zabusky prior to the Merger in connection with his Seamless North America, LLC employment.

 

Name and Principal Position

   Year      Salary      Bonus (1)      Option
Awards (2)
     All Other
Compensation (3)
    Total  

Mathew Maloney (CEO)

     2013       $ 265,000       $ —         $ 407,668       $ 10,159      $ 682,827   

Jonathan H. Zabusky (President)

     2013         328,183         244,000         —           97,310 (4)       669,493   

Adam DeWitt (CFO)

     2013         300,000         300,000         102,264         14,750        717,014   

Michael Evans (COO)

     2013         265,000         —           374,119         10,159        649,278   

 

(1)   The bonus column for Mr. Zabusky displays the bonus earned by him in respect of Seamless North America, LLC’s fiscal year ended September 30, 2013 ($205,100, which was paid November 7, 2013) and the bonus earned by Mr. Zabusky in respect of the remaining portion of 2013 ($38,900, which was paid January 16, 2014), which was paid to reflect the Company’s change to a calendar fiscal year. Messrs. Maloney, DeWitt and Evans did not receive annual bonuses for 2013. However, Mr. DeWitt received a $300,000 retention bonus, which was paid on November 29, 2013.
(2)   Mr. Zabusky was not granted any new option awards in 2013. The value of Messrs. Maloney, DeWitt and Evans’ option awards are based on the fair value of the award as of the grant date calculated in accordance with ASC 718, excluding any estimate of future forfeitures. Regardless of such option awards’ fair value on the grant date, the actual value that may be recognized by the NEOs will depend on the market value of our common stock on a future date when such stock option vests.
(3)   The amount reported in this column for Messrs. Maloney, DeWitt and Evans consists of the 401(k) company matching contributions made for each executive in 2013.
(4)  

The compensation listed for Mr. Zabusky in this column includes (i) the Company’s reimbursement of Mr. Zabusky’s transportation costs to New York City with respect to 2013 and the associated tax gross-up

 

91


Table of Contents
 

amount (transportation costs - $22,249, hotel - $13,527, and tax gross-up amount - $30,623); (ii) Mr. Zabusky’s car payment for 2013 ($13,200); (iii) long-term disability and life insurance benefits for 2013 ($9,432); and (iv) the 401(k) plan company matching contributions made in 2013 on behalf of Mr. Zabusky ($8,279).

 

Outstanding Equity Awards as of December 31, 2013

 

The following table sets forth information regarding outstanding equity awards at the end of 2013 for each of our NEOs. All share and per share amounts reflect the Reverse Stock Split and the rounding associated with such Reverse Stock Split, which we expect to effect prior to the consummation of this offering.

 

Name

  Number of
Securities
underlying
unexercised
Options that are
exercisable as of
December 31, 2013 (1)
    Number of
Securities
underlying
unexercised
Options that are not
exercisable as of
December 31, 2013
    Option
Exercise
Price
    Option
Expiration Date
    Unvested
Shares
of
Stock (2)
    Market
Value of
Unvested
Shares of
Stock
 

Matthew Maloney (3)

    0        36,178      $ 8.40        3/12/2023        —          —     

Matthew Maloney (4)

    0        50,599      $ 8.40        1/28/2023        —          —     

Matthew Maloney

    0        32,090      $ 6.18        11/16/2022        —          —     

Matthew Maloney

    0        32,090      $ 5.06        7/26/2022        —          —     

Matthew Maloney

    9,913        192,647      $ 2.00        4/23/2022        —          —     

Matthew Maloney

    —          —          —          —          92,035      $ 1,260,880   

Jonathan H. Zabusky (5)

    101,563        273,437      $ 5.60        11/15/2022       

Jonathan H. Zabusky

    625,000        375,000      $ 3.80        9/13/2021        —          —     

Adam DeWitt (6)

    0        18,414      $ 8.40        3/12/2023        —          —     

Adam DeWitt

    0        16,333      $ 6.18        11/16/2022        —          —     

Adam DeWitt

    0        16,333      $ 5.06        7/26/2022        —          —     

Adam DeWitt

    0        16,333      $ 2.00        4/23/2022        —          —     

Adam DeWitt (7)

    0        43,009      $ 2.00        12/7/2021        —          —     

Adam DeWitt

    111,279        102,377      $ 2.00        12/7/2021        —          —     

Michael Evans (8)

    0        30,130      $ 8.40        3/12/2023        —          —     

Michael Evans (9)

    0        50,599      $ 8.40        1/28/2023        —          —     

Michael Evans

    0        26,724      $ 6.18        11/16/2022        —          —     

Michael Evans

    0        26,724      $ 5.06        7/26/2022        —          —     

Michael Evans

    9,913        149,726      $ 2.00        4/23/2022        —          —     

Michael Evans

    —          —          —          —          92,035      $ 1,260,880   

 

(1)   The amounts shown above have been converted to reflect the post-Merger amounts and the post-Merger exercise prices of option awards that were assumed by the Company.
(2 )   Messrs. Maloney and Evans were each granted restricted stock in GrubHub Holdings, pursuant to Restricted Stock Purchase Agreements, each dated November 3, 2010. For each of Messrs. Maloney and Evans, the number of shares of restricted stock subject to repurchase upon a termination at the end of 2013 was 92,035 as set forth in the table. The number subject to repurchase has decreased and will continue to decrease in 2014 as follows: Upon a termination of employment of the applicable NEO for any reason between February 3, 2014 and May 2, 2014 (inclusive), 69,032 shares held by such NEO under his Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement will be subject to repurchase by the company at $0.78 per share. The number of shares subject to repurchase upon a termination decreases in two further installments between May 3, 2014 and November 2, 2014 until no shares are subject to repurchase if a termination occurs on November 2, 2014 or thereafter. However, pursuant to Mr. Evans’ employment agreement, 5,753 shares that would have been subject to repurchase pursuant to his Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement are no longer subject to repurchase as of February 8, 2014.
(3)  

Awards originally granted to Mr. Maloney in 2013 include: (i) the 50,599 options that were granted in replacement of the IPO incentive award granted by GrubHub Holdings to Mr. Maloney in January 2013 and (ii) the 36,178 options that were granted in replacement of Mr. Maloney’s March 2013 option award pursuant to GrubHub Holdings’ existing quarterly grant program. Mr. Maloney’s IPO incentive award was determined to be appropriate by GrubHub Holdings’ board of directors in light of Mr. Maloney’s skills and importance to a successful public offering of GrubHub Holdings, as well as the value a successful offering would bring to GrubHub Holdings. Mr. Maloney’s March 2013 quarterly grant was deemed appropriate by GrubHub Holdings’ board of directors in light of Mr. Maloney’s contributions to GrubHub

 

92


Table of Contents
 

Holdings and thus the board of directors awarded Mr. Maloney a quarterly grant in a similar amount to the previous quarterly grant. The remaining option awards to Mr. Maloney that are listed above were granted in replacement for option awards made prior to 2013.

(4)   Pursuant to the option award agreement, this option will vest and become exercisable upon the consummation of this offering, subject to Mr. Maloney having been continuously employed with the Company through such date.
(5)   Awards granted to Mr. Zabusky that are listed above were granted in replacement for option awards made prior to 2013. Pursuant to Mr. Zabusky’s employment agreement, 104,818 of his options accelerated on February 8, 2014.
(6)   Awards originally granted to Mr. DeWitt in 2013 include the 18,414 options that were granted in replacement of Mr. DeWitt’s March 2013 option award pursuant to GrubHub Holdings’ existing quarterly grant program. Mr. DeWitt’s March 2013 quarterly grant was deemed appropriate by GrubHub Holdings’ board of directors in light of Mr. DeWitt’s contributions to GrubHub Holdings and thus, the board of directors awarded Mr. DeWitt a quarterly grant in a similar amount to the previous quarterly grant. The remaining option awards to Mr. DeWitt that are listed above were granted in replacement for option awards made prior to 2013.
(7)   Pursuant to the option award agreement, this option vested and became exercisable on February 8, 2014.
(8)   Awards originally granted to Mr. Evans in 2013 include: (i) the 50,599 options that were granted in replacement of the IPO incentive award granted by GrubHub Holdings to Mr. Evans in January 2013 and (ii) the 30,130 options that were granted in replacement of Mr. Evans’ March 2013 option award pursuant to GrubHub Holdings’ quarterly grant program. Mr. Evans’ IPO incentive award was determined to be appropriate by GrubHub Holdings’ board of directors in light of Mr. Evans’ skills and importance to a successful public offering of GrubHub Holdings, as well as the value a successful offering would bring to GrubHub Holdings. Mr. Evans’ March 2013 quarterly grant was deemed appropriate by GrubHub Holdings’ board of directors in light of Mr. Evans’ contributions to GrubHub Holdings and thus the board of directors awarded Mr. Evans a quarterly grant in a similar amount to the previous quarterly grant. The remaining option awards to Mr. Evans that are listed above were granted in replacement for option awards made prior to 2013.
(9)   Pursuant to the option award agreement, this option will vest and become exercisable upon the consummation of this offering, subject to Mr. Evans having been continuously employed with the Company through such date.

 

NEO Employment Agreements

 

We are party to employment agreements with each of our NEOs. The principal features of such employment agreements are summarized below. These summaries are qualified by reference to the actual text of the employment agreements, which will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. None of our NEOs is entitled to receive severance payments upon a termination of employment other than as described below.

 

Mr. Maloney’s CEO Employment Agreement

 

Overview

 

Mr. Maloney’s employment agreement provides for the payment of an annual base salary and customary employee benefits. Further, the employment agreement provides that Mr. Maloney is eligible to participate in any cash incentive compensation plan to the same extent as our other senior executives; however, GrubHub Holdings never implemented such a cash incentive plan and we did not implement any such plan for our NEOs for 2013 (except for Mr. Zabusky’s bonus arrangement, as described below). Thus, Mr. Maloney did not receive a bonus in 2013. Mr. Maloney’s employment agreement does not provide a specified employment term and thus he is employed at-will, subject to the below-described termination provisions of his employment agreement.

 

Termination Provisions

 

If Mr. Maloney’s employment is terminated by the Company without “cause” or by him for “good reason” (as such terms are defined in his employment agreement), he will be entitled to receive:

 

   

twelve months of his then-current base salary, payable in equal installments over twelve months;

 

   

reimbursement of “COBRA” premiums for up to twelve months for him and any of his eligible dependents;

 

   

the options granted to Mr. Maloney in replacement for Mr. Maloney’s Pre-Merger Options, to the extent vested, will remain fully exercisable until the earlier of (i) August 8, 2014 or (ii) the seven-month

 

93


Table of Contents
 

anniversary of the date on which a registered initial public offering of the company’s securities is consummated; provided that the exercise period will not be less than three months following the date of such termination of employment and shall not extend beyond the expiration date of such options (“Maloney Extended Exercise Benefit”); and

 

   

in the event such termination occurs prior to the Maloney Last Exercise Date (as defined below), the options granted to Mr. Maloney in replacement of his options pursuant to the Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement dated January 28, 2013, will remain outstanding and eligible to vest and become exercisable until the earlier of the following dates (such earlier date, the “Maloney Last Exercise Date”) (i) the original expiration date of the option and (ii) the seven-month anniversary of a qualified public offering (the “Maloney IPO Extended Vesting”).

 

If such termination occurs within the period beginning 45 days prior to and ending twelve months after the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in Mr. Maloney’s employment agreement, but not including the Merger), then Mr. Maloney shall be entitled to receive the above-referenced severance benefits and all of Mr. Maloney’s then outstanding stock options or stock-based awards (including any outstanding options granted in replacement of his Pre-Merger Options) shall immediately vest and become exercisable, and will be subject to the Maloney Extended Exercise Benefit and the Maloney IPO Extended Vesting, as applicable. In addition, Mr. Maloney would be entitled to receive a pro rata target-bonus, if applicable, for the year of termination.

 

Any severance payments are conditioned upon Mr. Maloney entering into a release of claims in favor of the Company. The employment agreement also provides that Mr. Maloney continues to be subject to the non-competition and non-solicitation restrictions contained in his prior employment agreement (dated March 9, 2009), which apply during Mr. Maloney’s employment and for a two-year period thereafter (provided that the post-termination period shall be shortened to one year in respect of non-competition restrictions in the event of Mr. Maloney’s termination without “cause” or resignation for “good reason”) and that the payment of severance benefits is subject to his continued compliance with such restrictions. Further, Mr. Maloney’s employment agreement contains a 280G cut-back provision pursuant to which any payments constituting “parachute payments” under Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”) shall be reduced to the extent such reduction results in a greater payment to Mr. Maloney than if no such reduction had been made.

 

Effect of the Merger on Mr. Maloney’s Pre-Merger Options

 

In connection with the Merger, we assumed Mr. Maloney’s Pre-Merger Options and replaced such options for options under the 2013 Plan. Using a 1.01197 to 1 Company share to GrubHub Holdings share ratio after such replacement, Mr. Maloney’s Pre-Merger Options were converted to options to purchase an aggregate of 353,517 shares of our common stock.

 

Mr. Zabusky’s President Employment Agreement

 

Overview

 

Mr. Zabusky is party to an offer letter with Seamless North America, LLC (the “Original Offer Letter”) and an Agreement Relating to Employment and Post-Employment Competition (“Original Employment Agreement”), each dated as of June 6, 2011, which were subsequently amended by a letter dated May 13, 2013 in contemplation of the Merger (the “Merger Amendment” and together with the Original Offer Letter and the Original Employment Agreement, collectively referred to herein as Mr. Zabusky’s employment agreement).

 

Mr. Zabusky’s Original Offer Letter provides for the payment of base salary and customary employee benefits. Further, the Original Offer Letter provides that Mr. Zabusky is eligible to participate in the Company’s bonus plan. For 2013, Mr. Zabusky’s annual target bonus opportunity was 50% of his base salary, subject to the attainment of applicable performance goals.

 

94


Table of Contents

The Merger Amendment provides for a retention incentive, whereby 25% of Mr. Zabusky’s Pre-Merger Options that would have been unvested on the one-year anniversary of the Merger Date accelerated on February 8, 2014 (104,818 options). Such acceleration was subject to Mr. Zabusky’s continued employment with the Company through February 8, 2014. The original vesting schedule of the remaining Pre-Merger Options has shortened due to such acceleration. For clarity, the number of options that will vest on each vesting date will remain the number that would have vested in the absence of such acceleration and thus, Mr. Zabusky’s Pre-Merger Options will vest in full over a shorter period, subject to any applicable vesting conditions.

 

Mr. Zabusky’s employment agreement does not provide a specified employment term and thus he is employed at-will, subject to the below-described termination provisions of his employment agreement.

 

Termination Provisions

 

If Mr. Zabusky’s employment is terminated by the Company without “cause” (as such term is defined in the Original Employment Agreement), Mr. Zabusky will be entitled to receive:

 

   

compensation equal to 100% of his then-current annual base salary for a 52-week period (the “Severance Period”) which is based on Mr. Zabusky’s years of service with the Company;

 

   

continued coverage under the Company’s group health plan during the Severance Period at the same cost to Mr. Zabusky as when he was actively employed; and

 

   

continued use of the leased vehicle during the Severance Period used by Mr. Zabusky at the time of his termination (if any) under the same terms and conditions as when Mr. Zabusky was actively employed (or, if Mr. Zabusky is receiving a car allowance at the time of termination, such car allowance will continue during the Severance Period).

 

The above severance payments are conditioned upon Mr. Zabusky entering into a release of claims in favor of the Company. The Original Employment Agreement also provides that the payment of severance benefits is subject to his continued compliance with the two-year post-employment non-competition and non-solicitation restrictions contained in his Original Employment Agreement.

 

Further, pursuant to the Merger Amendment, upon a termination of Mr. Zabusky’s employment for any reason other than for “cause” (as such term is defined in the Original Employment Agreement), (i) the vested options granted in replacement of Mr. Zabusky’s Pre-Merger Options will remain fully exercisable until the seven month anniversary of the date on which a registered initial public offering of the Company’s securities is consummated; provided that the exercise period will not be less than three months following the date of such termination of employment and shall not extend beyond the expiration date of such options and (ii) any common units issued to Mr. Zabusky pursuant to his Pre-Merger Options will not be subject to Company repurchase, call or similar rights.

 

Effect of the Merger on Mr. Zabusky’s Pre-Merger Options

 

In connection with the Merger, we assumed Mr. Zabusky’s Pre-Merger Options and replaced such options for options under the 2013 Plan. Using a one-to-one Company share to Seamless North America LLC share ratio, after such replacement , the Pre-Merger Options were converted to options to purchase 1,375,000 shares of our common stock. In connection with the replacement of Mr. Zabusky’s Pre-Merger Options, the replacement agreements provide that, in the event of a change in control (as such term is defined in the 2013 Plan), 100% of Mr. Zabusky’s then unvested Pre-Merger Options will vest concurrently with the consummation of such change in control event.

 

Mr. DeWitt’s CFO Employment Agreement

 

Overview

 

Mr. DeWitt’s employment agreement provides for the payment of an annual base salary and customary employee benefits. Further, the employment agreement provides that Mr. DeWitt is eligible to participate in any cash incentive compensation plan to the same extent as our other senior executives; however, GrubHub Holdings

 

95


Table of Contents

never implemented such a cash incentive plan and we did not implement any such plan for our NEOs for 2013 (other than Mr. Zabusky’s bonus arrangement, as described above). Thus, Mr. DeWitt did not receive an annual bonus in 2013. However, pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. DeWitt was granted and earned a retention cash bonus of $300,000, which was subject to his continued employment with the Company through November 7, 2013. Mr. DeWitt’s employment agreement does not provide a specified employment term and thus he is employed at-will, subject to the termination provisions of his employment agreement as described below.

 

Mr. DeWitt was granted two options on December 7, 2011. One was subject to time vesting (the “Initial Option”) and the other was scheduled to vest upon the consummation of an initial public offering (the “IPO Option”). Both of these options were amended by the terms of Mr. DeWitt’s May 19, 2013 employment agreement with the Company, which provided that in exchange for his waiver of the acceleration provisions of the Initial Option, which had previously entitled him to acceleration upon the Merger, he would be entitled to vest in the IPO Option on the earlier of February 8, 2014 or the consummation of an initial public offering (which such IPO Option vested on February 8, 2014); and the Initial Option would continue to vest for 48 months, having begun vesting on December 7, 2011. Mr. DeWitt’s employment agreement also provided that the Initial Option would vest if Mr. DeWitt were to be terminated other than for “cause” or were to be “constructively terminated” (as such terms are defined in the Initial Option award agreement), during the 45 days prior to or in the two years following the Merger Date.

 

Termination Provisions

 

If Mr. DeWitt’s employment is terminated by the Company without “cause” or by him for “good reason” (as such terms are defined in his employment agreement), he will be entitled to:

 

   

twelve months of Mr. DeWitt’s then-current base salary, payable in equal installments over twelve months;

 

   

reimbursement of “COBRA” premiums for up to twelve months for him and any of his eligible dependents; and

 

   

the vested options granted in replacement of Mr. DeWitt’s Pre-Merger Options will remain fully exercisable until the earlier of (i) August 8, 2014 or (ii) the seven month anniversary of the date on which a registered initial public offering of the Company’s securities is consummated; provided that the exercise period will not be less than three months following the date of such termination of employment and shall not extend beyond the expiration date of such options (the “DeWitt Extended Exercise Benefit”).

 

If such termination occurs within the period beginning 45 days prior to and ending twelve months after the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in Mr. DeWitt’s employment agreement, but not including the Merger), then Mr. DeWitt will be entitled to receive the above-referenced severance benefits and, in addition, all of Mr. DeWitt’s then-outstanding stock options or stock-based awards (including any outstanding options granted in replacement of his Pre-Merger Options) shall immediately vest and become exercisable, and will be subject to the DeWitt Extended Exercise Benefit. In addition, Mr. DeWitt would be entitled to receive a pro rata target-bonus, if applicable, for the year of termination.

 

Any severance payments are conditioned upon Mr. DeWitt entering into a release of claims in favor of the Company. The employment agreement also provides that Mr. DeWitt continues to be subject to non-competition and non-solicitation restrictions contained in his Protective Agreement (dated October 7, 2011) during employment and for one year thereafter and that the payment of severance benefits is subject to his continued compliance with such restrictions. Further, Mr. DeWitt’s employment agreement contains a 280G cut-back provision pursuant to which any payments constituting “parachute payments” under Section 280G of the Code shall be reduced to the extent such reduction results in a greater payment to Mr. DeWitt than if no such reduction had been made.

 

Effect of the Merger on Mr. DeWitt’s Pre-Merger Options

 

In connection with the Merger, we assumed Mr. DeWitt’s Pre-Merger Options (including Mr. DeWitt’s Initial Option and IPO Option) and replaced such options for options under the 2013 Plan. Using a 1.01197 to

 

96


Table of Contents

1 Company share to GrubHub Holdings share ratio, after such replacement, the Pre-Merger Options were converted to options to purchase an aggregate of 324,078 shares of our common stock.

 

Mr. Evans’ COO Employment Agreement

 

Overview

 

Mr. Evans’ employment agreement provides for the payment of an annual base salary and customary employee benefits. Further, the employment agreement provides that Mr. Evans is eligible to participate in any cash incentive compensation plan to the same extent as our other senior executives; however, GrubHub Holdings never implemented such a cash incentive plan and we did not implement any such plan for our NEOs for 2013 (other than Mr. Zabusky’s bonus arrangement, as described above). Thus, Mr. Evans did not receive a bonus in 2013. Mr. Evans’ employment agreement does not provide a specified employment term and thus he is employed at-will, subject to the termination provisions of his employment agreement as described below.

 

Mr. Evans’ employment agreement amended the Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement dated January 28, 2013 (the “IPO Option”) to provide that if his employment with the Company terminates prior to the Evans Last Exercise Date (as defined below) for any reason other than due to a termination by the Company for “cause” or a termination by Mr. Evans without “good reason” (as such terms are defined in Mr. Evans’ employment agreement), then the IPO Option shall remain outstanding and eligible to vest and become exercisable until the earlier of (A) the original expiration date of the IPO Option and (B) the seven-month anniversary of the consummation of a qualified public offering (the earlier of such dates, the “Evans Last Exercise Date”).

 

Mr. Evans’ employment agreement also provides that 25% of Mr. Evans’ Pre-Merger Options that would have been unvested on the one-year anniversary of the Merger Date vested effective February 8, 2014. Further, pursuant to Mr. Evans’ employment agreement, 5,753 of the shares of restricted stock subject to our repurchase pursuant to Mr. Evans’ Executive Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement, dated November 3, 2010, were no longer subject to repurchase effective on February 8, 2014.

 

Termination Provisions

 

If Mr. Evans’ employment is terminated by the Company without “cause” or by him for “good reason” (as such terms are defined in his employment agreement), he will be entitled to receive:

 

   

twelve months of Mr. Evans’ then-current base salary, payable in equal installments over twelve months;

 

   

reimbursement of “COBRA” premiums for up to twelve months for him and any of his eligible dependents; and

 

   

the vested options granted in replacement of Mr. Evans’ Pre-Merger Options will remain fully exercisable until the earlier of (i) August 8, 2014 or (ii) the seven-month anniversary of the date on which a registered initial public offering of the company’s securities is consummated; provided that the exercise period will not be less than three months following the date of such termination of employment and shall not extend beyond the expiration date of such options (the “Evans Extended Exercise Benefit”).

 

If such termination occurs within the period beginning 45 days prior to and ending twelve months after the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in Mr. Evans’ employment agreement, but not including the Merger), then Mr. Evans will be entitled to receive the above-referenced severance benefits and, in addition, all of Mr. Evans’ then outstanding stock options or stock-based awards (including any outstanding options granted in replacement of his Pre-Merger Options) shall immediately vest and become exercisable, and will be subject to the Evans Extended Exercise Benefit. In addition, Mr. Evans would be entitled to receive a pro rata target-bonus, if applicable, for the year of termination.

 

Any severance payments are conditioned upon Mr. Evans entering into a release of claims in favor of the Company. The employment agreement also provides that Mr. Evans continues to be subject to the non-competition and non-solicitation restrictions contained in his prior employment agreement (dated March 9, 2009), which apply during Mr. Evans’ employment and for a two-year period thereafter (provided that the post-

 

97


Table of Contents

termination period shall be shortened to one year in respect of non-competition restrictions in the event of Mr. Evans’ termination without “cause” or resignation for “good reason”) and that the payment of severance benefits is subject to his continued compliance with such restrictions. Further, Mr. Evans’ employment agreement contains a 280G cut-back provision pursuant to which any payments constituting “parachute payments” under Section 280G of the Code shall be reduced to the extent such reduction results in a greater payment to Mr. Evans than if no such reduction had been made.

 

Effect of the Merger on Mr. Evans’ Pre-Merger Options

 

In connection with the Merger, we assumed Mr. Evans’ Pre-Merger Options and replaced such options for options under the 2013 Plan. Using a 1.01197 to 1 Company share to GrubHub Holdings share ratio, after such replacement, Mr. Evans’ Pre-Merger Options were converted to options to purchase an aggregate of 293,816 shares of our common stock.

 

2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan

 

The following is a summary of the material terms of our 2013 Plan. This summary is qualified by reference to the actual text of the plan, which will be filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

 

Effectiveness and Term .    The 2013 Plan was approved by our board of directors on August 8, 2013, and became effective on such date. The 2013 Plan will remain available for the grant of awards until the tenth anniversary of the effective date. The 2013 Plan is our only equity incentive plan. All other historic equity incentive plans were terminated effective as of the Merger Date.

 

General .    The 2013 Plan authorizes the grant of nonqualified stock options, incentive stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), common stock and cash bonuses to employees, directors, officers and other service providers. The number of shares of common stock available for issuance pursuant to awards granted under the 2013 Plan may not exceed 10,351,283. The number of shares issued or reserved pursuant to the 2013 Plan (or pursuant to outstanding awards) is subject to adjustment as a result of mergers, consolidations, reorganizations, stock splits, stock dividends and other changes in our common stock, as further described below. Shares subject to awards that have been terminated, expired unexercised, forfeited or settled in cash shall be again available for the grant of awards under the 2013 Plan. Further, shares that have been delivered to us in payment or satisfaction of the exercise price, purchase price or tax withholding obligation of an award will be available for awards under the 2013 Plan.

 

Administration .    The 2013 Plan is administered by our board of directors or a committee of the board of directors as designated by our board of directors. The plan administrator has the discretion to determine the individuals to whom awards may be granted under the 2013 Plan, the manner in which such awards will vest and the other conditions applicable to awards in accordance with the terms in the 2013 Plan. The plan administrator is authorized to interpret the 2013 Plan, to establish, amend and rescind any rules and regulations relating to the 2013 Plan and to make any other determinations that it deems necessary or desirable for the administration of the 2013 Plan.

 

Options, Restricted Stock, RSUs and Other Stock Based Awards .    The plan administrator may award options, restricted common stock, RSUs and other stock-based awards. Other stock-based awards may be payable in shares of common stock, cash or other property, in the plan administrator’s discretion. The plan administrator will determine the terms and conditions applicable to any of the foregoing awards in accordance with the 2013 Plan.

 

Cash Bonuses .    The plan administrator may award participants cash bonuses payable upon the attainment of performance goals or other criteria, as determined by the plan administrator. The plan administrator will determine the terms and conditions applicable to each award of a cash bonus, including any performance conditions, timing of payments and other terms.

 

98


Table of Contents

Performance Criteria .    Vesting of awards granted under the 2013 Plan may be subject to the satisfaction of one or more performance goals established by the plan administrator. The performance goals may vary from participant to participant, group to group and period to period.

 

Adjustments .    In the event of any reorganizations, recapitalizations, stock splits, reverse stock splits, stock dividends, extraordinary dividends, distributions or similar events, the plan administrator will adjust the number of shares available under and subject to outstanding awards under the 2013 Plan.

 

Change in Control .    Unless otherwise expressly provided in the award agreement or another contract, including an employment agreement, the plan administrator may provide for the acceleration of the vesting and, if applicable, exercisability of any outstanding award, or portion thereof, or the lapsing of any conditions or restrictions on or the time for payment in respect of any outstanding award, or portion thereof, upon a change in control. In addition, unless otherwise expressly provided in the award agreement or another contract, including an employment agreement, or under the terms of a transaction constituting a change in control, the plan administrator may provide that any or all of the following shall occur in connection with a change in control:

 

  (a)   the cancellation of any outstanding award in exchange for either an amount of cash or other property with a value equal to the amount that could have been obtained upon the exercise of the award to the extent vested;

 

  (b)   the substitution for the common stock subject to any outstanding award, or portion thereof, of stock or other securities of the surviving corporation or any successor corporation to us, or a parent or subsidiary thereof, in which event the aggregate purchase or exercise price, if any, of such award, or portion thereof, shall remain the same;

 

  (c)   the acceleration of the vesting (and, as applicable, the exercisability) of any and all outstanding awards;

 

  (d)   the termination of any award following the applicable event;

 

  (e)   the replacement of any award with other rights or property; and/or

 

  (f)   the cancellation of any outstanding and unexercised awards upon or following the completion of the change in control.

 

Amendment and Termination .    Our board of directors may amend, alter or discontinue the 2013 Plan in any respect at any time, but no amendment may diminish any of the rights of a participant under any awards previously granted without his or her consent.

 

2014 Changes

 

In the beginning of 2014, the Company made the following changes:

 

   

Increased the base salary of our NEOs as follows:

 

   

Mr. Maloney: $400,000;

 

   

Mr. Zabusky: $333,000;

 

   

Mr. DeWitt: $300,000; and

 

   

Mr. Evans: $267,000.

 

   

Adopted a bonus plan for 2014 (the Management Incentive Bonus program) and designated a target bonus amount for each NEO equal to 50% of the applicable NEO’s annual base salary.

 

   

Granted options under the 2013 Plan to three of our NEOs in the following amounts:

 

   

Mr. Maloney: 225,000 options;

 

   

Mr. Zabusky: 137,500 options; and

 

   

Mr. DeWitt: 100,000 options.

 

99


Table of Contents

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

In addition to the compensation arrangements, including employment, termination of employment and change in control arrangements and indemnification arrangements, discussed, when required, in the sections titled “Management” and “Executive Compensation,” the following is a description of each transaction since January 1, 2012 and each currently proposed transaction in which:

 

   

we have been or are to be a participant;

 

   

the amount involved exceeded or exceeds $120,000; and

 

   

any of our directors, executive officers or holders of more than 5% of our capital stock, or any immediate family member of, or person sharing the household with, any of these individuals, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.

 

Stockholders’ Agreement

 

On May 19, 2013, we entered into a stockholders’ agreement, as amended on August 8, 2013 and February 7, 2014 (the “Stockholders’ Agreement”) with certain stockholders listed therein. The Stockholders’ Agreement will terminate concurrently with the completion of this offering.

 

The Stockholders’ Agreement grants each stockholder the right to vote its respective shares of stock to ensure that the size of our board of directors is set and remains at nine directors, and it also grants certain groups of stockholders, subject to certain conditions, the right to nominate representatives to committees of our board of directors. Each stockholder also agreed, immediately prior to this offering, to vote to ensure that the board seat held by Mike Evans, and positions held by the board of directors observers, are automatically eliminated such that such individuals no longer occupy those seats and positions.

 

The Stockholders’ Agreement provides that, subject to certain exceptions, certain actions may not be taken without the written approval of the majority consent of each group of stockholders listed therein.

 

The Stockholders’ Agreement also contains agreements with respect to restrictions on the sale, issuance or transfer of shares that prevents certain stockholders from transferring their shares without the majority consent of each group of stockholders listed therein, unless otherwise provided for in the Stockholders’ Agreement. Furthermore, the Stockholders’ Agreement provides us and stockholders holding at least a 1% interest in our company a right of first refusal on any proposed transfer of shares. In the event of a transfer of shares approved by the majority of each group of stockholders listed therein, each non-transferring stockholder has tag-along rights to sell its shares. The Stockholders’ Agreement also grants us the rights to require stockholders to sell their shares in the event of merger, sale, reorganization, recapitalization or other transaction that would result in a change of control.

 

Registration Rights Agreement

 

On August 8, 2013, we entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) with certain holders of our stock listed therein (collectively, and as amended, “Holders”). Pursuant to the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement, and subject to the restrictions of the Lock-up Agreements described in “Shares Eligible for Future Sale,” Holders are entitled to demand and piggyback rights.

 

Demand Registrations.     Under the Registration Rights Agreement, following this offering, Holders are able to require us, by delivering written notice, to file a registration statement covering at least $25,000,000 of the common stock issued to the Holders and any of those securities issued to the Holders by way of share split, share dividend, recapitalization, exchange, merger, consolidation or similar event or otherwise, and held by all of the Holders immediately prior to the filing of the registration statement (any such written notice, a “Demand Notice” and any such registration, a “Demand Registration”). We are required to use our reasonable best efforts to effect such

 

100


Table of Contents

registration in accordance with the terms of the Demand Notice, subject to certain rights we will have to delay or postpone such registration. Certain Holders are limited by the number of Demand Registrations that they may require us to effect. At any time before the effective date of registration, the requisite Holders who provided the Demand Notice with respect to such Demand Registration, on behalf of all of the selling Holders, may revoke such request without liability to such selling Holders, by providing written notice to the Company revoking such request.

 

Piggyback Registrations.     Under the Registration Rights Agreement, if at any time we propose to register any of our equity securities under the Securities Act (other than a registration statement on Form S-4, Form S-8 or any successor forms thereto, or pursuant to an employee benefit or dividend reinvestment plan), we will be required to notify the Holders 20 days before the anticipated filing date of their right to participate in such registration. We will use reasonable best efforts to cause all eligible securities requested to be included in the registration statement to be so included. We have the right to reduce the amount of securities to be offered by the Holders in such registration statement if the underwriters deem that the proposed amount of securities to be sold will adversely affect the success of the sale of securities. We have the right to withdraw or postpone the filing of a registration statement in which the Holders have elected to exercise piggyback registration rights.

 

Other Transactions

 

We have granted stock options to our executive officers and certain of our directors. See the section titled “Executive Compensation” and “Management—Director Compensation” for more information regarding these grants.

 

In January 2012, Aramark repaid us for a $16.0 million loan made on December 31, 2011, including accumulated accrued interest. We also made short-term advances to Aramark, which were repaid during 2012.

 

In 2012 and 2013, we had a cash management program with Aramark whereby Aramark funded all payroll and related costs and we deposited all cumulative excess cash balances with Aramark. At December 31, 2012 and 2013, the balances due to Aramark were $0.2 million and $0, respectively. This program was terminated during 2013.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2012, we had an arrangement with Aramark to provide support for certain corporate, accounting, information technology and other administrative services. Total expenses under this arrangement for the year ended December 31, 2012 were $0.4 million. The arrangement terminated upon the October 2012 spin-off of Seamless North America, LLC to Seamless Holdings.

 

Other than as described above under this section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions,” since January 1, 2012, we have not entered into any transactions, nor are there any currently proposed transactions, between us and a related party where the amount involved exceeds, or would exceed, $120,000, and in which any related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest. We believe the terms of the transactions described above were comparable to terms we could have obtained in arm’s-length dealings with unrelated third parties.

 

Policies and Procedures for Related Party Transactions

 

Following the completion of this offering, the audit committee will have the primary responsibility for reviewing and approving or disapproving “related party transactions,” which are transactions between us and related persons in which the aggregate amount involved exceeds or may be expected to exceed $120,000 and in which a related person has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. For purposes of this policy, a related person will be defined as a director, executive officer, nominee for director, or greater than 5% beneficial owner of our common stock, in each case since the beginning of the most recently completed year, and their immediate family members. Our audit committee charter will provide that the audit committee shall review and approve or disapprove any related party transactions. As of the date of this prospectus, we have adopted a written policy governing the review and approval of related party transactions.

 

101


Table of Contents

PRINCIPAL AND SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

 

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of December 31, 2013, as adjusted to reflect the sale of common stock offered by us in this offering, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, for:

 

   

each of our named executive officers;

 

   

each of our directors;

 

   

all of our directors and executive officers as a group;

 

   

each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of any class of our voting securities; and

 

   

each selling stockholder.

 

We have determined beneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of the SEC, and thus it represents sole or shared voting or investment power with respect to our securities. Unless otherwise indicated below, to our knowledge, the persons and entities named in the table have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to all shares that they beneficially owned, subject to community property laws where applicable. We have deemed shares of our common stock subject to options that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of December 31, 2013 to be outstanding and to be beneficially owned by the person holding the option for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of that person but have not treated them as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.

 

We have based percentage ownership of our common stock before this offering on 74,385,786 shares of our common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2013 after giving effect to the Reverse Stock Split (which we expect to effect prior to the consummation of this offering), which includes 19,284,113 shares of common stock resulting from the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our convertible Preferred Stock immediately prior to the closing of this offering, as if this conversion had occurred as of December 31, 2013. Percentage ownership of our common stock after this offering assumes our sale of shares of common stock in this offering.

 

Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each beneficial owner listed in the table below is c/o GrubHub Seamless Inc., 111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100, Chicago, Illinois 60602.

 

      Shares Beneficially
Owned
Prior to Offering
    Number of Shares
Being Offered
  Shares Beneficially
Owned

After the Offering

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1)

  Number     Percentage       Number   Percentage

Executive Officers and Directors

         

Matthew Maloney(2)

    2,555,616        3.4      

Jonathan Zabusky(3)

    891,927        1.2      

Adam DeWitt(4)

    163,190        *         

Brian McAndrews(5)

    145,834        *         

Michael Evans(6)

    2,143,426        2.9      

David Fisher(7)

    21,083        *         

Lloyd Frink

    —          —           

J. William Gurley(8)

    6,194,299        8.3      

Justin L. Sadrian(9)

    6,769,955        9.1      

Benjamin Spero(10)

    8,948,546        12.0      

All directors and executive officers as a group (12 persons)(11)

    28,180,775        37.9      

5% Stockholders

         

Entities affiliated with Spectrum Equity(10)

    8,948,546        12.0      

Warburg Pincus Private Equity, IX L.P.(9)

    6,769,955        9.1      

GS Capital Partners V Fund L.P.(12).

    6,629,239        8.9      

Thomas H. Lee Partners L.P.(13)

    6,629,238        8.9      

Benchmark Capital Partners VI, LP(8)

    6,194,299        8.3      

Origin Ventures II L.P.(14)

    4,594,049        6.2      

 

102


Table of Contents

 

*   Less than 1%
(1)   A “beneficial owner” of a security is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act and generally means any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship, or otherwise, has or shares:

 

   

voting power which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of, such security; and/or

 

   

investment power which includes the power to dispose, or to direct the disposition of, such security.

 

Unless otherwise indicated, each person named in the table above has sole voting and investment power, or shares voting and investment power with his spouse (as applicable), with respect to all shares of stock listed as owned by that person. Shares issuable upon the exercise of options exercisable on December 31, 2013 or within 60 days thereafter are considered outstanding and to be beneficially owned by the person holding such options for the purpose of computing such person’s percentage beneficial ownership, but are not deemed outstanding for the purposes of computing the percentage of beneficial ownership of any other person.

(2)   Includes 2,543,224 shares held by the Matt and Holly Maloney Family Limited Partnership, or the Maloney Limited Partnership. Matthew Maloney, as the general partner of the Maloney Limited Partnership, has sole voting and dispositive power over the shares held by the Maloney Limited Partnership. Also includes 12,392 shares of common stock that can be acquired upon the exercise of outstanding options, which are exercisable within 60 days of December 31, 2013. Mr. Maloney pledged 796,179 shares of the Company to JPMorgan Chase Bank, NA on August 19, 2013.
(3)   Includes 838,672 shares of common stock that can be acquired upon the exercise of outstanding options, which are exercisable within 60 days of December 31, 2013.
(4)   Includes 163,190 shares of common stock that can be acquired upon the exercise of outstanding options, which are exercisable within 60 days of December 31, 2013.
(5)   Includes 10,417 shares of common stock that can be acquired upon the exercise of outstanding options, which are exercisable within 60 days of December 31, 2013.
(6)   Includes 131,504 shares held by the Evans Trust. Michael Evans, as Investment Advisor of the Evans Trust, has sole voting and dispositive power over the shares held by the Evans Trust. Also includes 80,888 shares of common stock that can be acquired upon the exercise of outstanding options, which are exercisable within 60 days of December 31, 2013.
(7)   Includes 21,083 shares of common stock that can be acquired upon the exercise of outstanding options, which are exercisable within 60 days of December 31, 2013.
(8)   Includes 6,194,299 shares of record held by Benchmark Capital Partners VI, L.P, as nominee for Benchmark Capital Partners VI, L.P., Benchmark Founders’ Fund VI, L.P., Benchmark Founders’ Fund VI-B, L.P. and related individuals, collectively, the Benchmark Funds. Benchmark Capital Management Co. VI, L.L.C., or BCMC VI, is the General Partner of Benchmark Capital Partners VI, L.P. J. William Gurley is a managing member of BCMC VI and may be deemed to have shared voting and investment power over the shares held by the Benchmark Funds. The mailing address of the individuals and entities affiliated with Benchmark Capital Partners VI, L.P. is 2965 Woodside Road, Woodside, CA 94062.
(9)   Includes 6,769,955 shares of record held by Warburg Pincus Private Equity IX, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“WP IX”). Warburg Pincus IX LLC, a New York limited liability company (“WP IX GP”), is the general partner of WP IX. Warburg Pincus Partners LLC, a New York limited liability company (“WP Partners”), is the sole member of WP IX GP. Warburg Pincus & Co., a New York general partnership (“WP”), is the managing member of WP Partners. Warburg Pincus LLC, a New York limited liability company (“WP LLC”) manages WP IX. Charles R. Kaye and Joseph P. Landy are each a Managing General Partner of WP and Co-Chief Executive Officers and Managing Members of WP LLC and may be deemed to control the above referenced Warburg Pincus entities. Messrs. Kaye and Landy disclaim beneficial ownership of all shares held by the Warburg Pincus entities. The address of the Warburg Pincus entities is 450 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10017. Justin L. Sadrian, a director of the Company, is a Partner of WP and a Member and Managing Director of WP LLC. All shares indicated as owned by Mr. Sadrian are included because of his affiliation with the Warburg Pincus entities.
(10)  

Includes (i) 8,923,490 shares held by SEI VI Chow AIV, L.P. (“SEI VI”), the general partner of which is Spectrum Equity Associates VI, L.P., the general partner of which is SEA VI Management, LLC, over which Brion B. Applegate, William P. Collatos, Victor E. Parker, Christopher T. Mitchell, Benjamin C. Spero, James J. Quagliaroli and Randy J. Henderson exercise voting and dispositive power, (ii) 21,566 shares held by Spectrum VI Investment Managers’ Fund, L.P. (“IMF VI”), the general partner of which is

 

103


Table of Contents
 

SEA VI Management, LLC, over which Brion B. Applegate, William P. Collatos, Victor E. Parker, Christopher T. Mitchell, Benjamin C. Spero, James J. Quagliaroli and Randy J. Henderson exercise voting and dispositive power, and (iii) 3,490 shares held by Spectrum VI Co-Investment Fund, L.P. and together with SEI VI and IMF VI, the “Spectrum Funds,” the general partner of which is SEA VI Management, LLC, over which Brion B. Applegate, William P. Collatos, Victor E. Parker, Christopher T. Mitchell, Benjamin C. Spero, James J. Quagliaroli and Randy J. Henderson exercise voting and dispositive power. The principal business address of each of the Spectrum Funds is 333 Middlefield Road, Suite 200, Menlo Park, CA 94025.

(11)   Consists of (i) 26,742,987 shares of record held by our current directors and executive officers and (ii) 1,437,788 shares subject to outstanding options, which are exercisable within 60 days of December 31, 2013.
(12)   Shares shown as beneficially owned by GS Capital Partners V Fund L.P. reflect an aggregate of the following record ownership: (i) 3,490,693 shares of record held by GS Capital Partners V Fund L.P., (ii) 1,803,147 shares of record held by GS Capital Partners V Offshore Fund L.P., (iii) 1,197,009 shares of record held by GS Capital Partners V Institutional L.P. and (iv) 138,392 shares of record held by GS Capital Partners V GmbH & Co. KG (collectively, the “GS Entities”). The GS Entities, of which affiliates of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. are the general partner, managing general partner or investment manager, share voting and investment power with certain of its respective affiliates. The address of the GS Entities, The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., and Goldman, Sachs & Co. is c/o The Goldman Sachs Group, 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282.
(13)   Shares shown as beneficially owned by investment funds affiliated with Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. reflect an aggregate of the following record ownership: (i) 3,650,388 shares held by Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VI, L.P.; (ii) 2,471,848 shares held by Thomas H. Lee Parallel Fund VI, L.P.; (iii) 431,782 shares held by Thomas H. Lee Parallel (DT) Fund VI, L.P.; (iv) 31,270 shares held by THL Equity Fund VI Investors (Aramark), LLC; (v) 6,697 shares held by THL Coinvestment Partners, L.P. (collectively, the “THL Funds”); (vi) 18,631 shares held by Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC; and (vii) 18,624 shares held by Putnam Investments Employees’ Securities Company III LLC (collectively, the “Putnam Funds”). THL Holdco, LLC is the managing member of Thomas H. Lee Advisors, LLC, which is the general partner of Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P., which is the sole member of THL Equity Advisors VI, LLC, which is the general partner of Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VI, L.P., Thomas H. Lee Parallel Fund VI, L.P. and Thomas H. Lee Parallel (DT) Fund VI, L.P. and the manager of THL Equity Fund VI Investors (Aramark), LLC. Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. is the general partner of THL Coinvestment Partners, L.P. The Putnam Funds are co-investment entities of the THL Funds, and are contractually obligated to co-invest (and dispose of securities) alongside certain of the THL Funds on a pro rata basis. Voting and investment determinations with respect to the shares held by the THL Funds are made by the management committee of THL Holdco, LLC. Anthony J. DiNovi and Scott M. Sperling are the members of the management committee of THL Holdco, LLC, and as such may be deemed to share beneficial ownership of the shares held or controlled by the THL Funds. Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC is the managing member of Putnam Investments Employees’ Securities Company III LLC. The address of each of the THL Funds and Messrs. DiNovi and Sperling is c/o Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P., 100 Federal Street, 35th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02110. The address of each of the Putnam Funds is c/o Putnam Investment, Inc., 1 Post Office Square, Boston, Massachusetts 02109. Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. did not purchase shares of the Company’s common stock outside the ordinary course of business as an investor or with, at the time of its acquisition of shares of the Company’s common stock, any agreements, understandings, or arrangements with any other persons, directly or indirectly, to dispose of the shares.
(14)   Includes 4,594,049 shares of record held by Origin Ventures II, L.P. Bruce N. Barron and Steven N. Miller, as the managers of Origin Ventures II Management LLC, the general partner of Origin Ventures II, L.P., may be deemed to share voting and dispositive power over the shares held by Origin Ventures II, L.P. The mailing address of the individuals and entities affiliated with Origin Ventures II, L.P. is 1033 Skokie Boulevard, Suite 430, Northbrook, Illinois 60062.

 

104


Table of Contents

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

 

General

 

The following description summarizes the most important terms of our capital stock, as they are expected to be in effect upon the completion of this offering. We expect to adopt an amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws in connection with this offering, and this description summarizes the provisions that are expected to be included in such documents. Because it is only a summary, it does not contain all of the information that may be important to you. For a complete description of the matters set forth in this “Description of Capital Stock,” you should refer to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws and Registration Rights Agreement, which are included as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and to the applicable provisions of Delaware law.

 

Immediately following the completion of this offering, after giving effect to the Reverse Stock Split, which we expect to effect prior to the consummation of this offering, our authorized capital stock will consist of 500,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 25,000,000 shares of undesignated Preferred Stock, $ 0.0001 par value per share. Assuming the conversion of all outstanding shares of our convertible Preferred Stock into shares of our common stock, which will occur immediately prior to the closing of this offering, as of December 31, 2013, there were 74,385,786 shares of our common stock outstanding, held by 378 stockholders of record, and no shares of our convertible Preferred Stock outstanding. Our board of directors is authorized, without stockholder approval except as required by the listing standards of the NYSE, to issue additional shares of our capital stock.

 

Common Stock

 

Dividend Rights

 

Subject to preferences that may apply to any shares of Preferred Stock outstanding at the time, the holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends out of funds legally available if our board of directors, in its discretion, determines to issue dividends and then only at the times and in the amounts that our board of directors may determine. See the section titled “Dividend Policy” for further information.

 

Voting Rights

 

Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. We have not provided for cumulative voting for the election of directors in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation establishes a classified board of directors that is divided into three classes with staggered three-year terms. Only the directors in one class will be subject to election by a plurality of the votes cast at each annual meeting of our stockholders, with the directors in the other classes continuing for the remainder of their respective three-year terms.

 

No Preemptive or Similar Rights

 

Our common stock is not entitled to preemptive rights, and is not subject to conversion, redemption or sinking fund provisions.

 

Right to Receive Liquidation Distributions

 

If we become subject to a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, the assets legally available for distribution to our stockholders would be distributable ratably among the holders of our common stock and any participating Preferred Stock outstanding at that time, subject to prior satisfaction of all outstanding debt and liabilities and the preferential rights of and the payment of liquidation preferences, if any, on any outstanding shares of Preferred Stock.

 

Preferred Stock

 

Following this offering, our board of directors will be authorized, subject to limitations prescribed by Delaware law, to issue preferred stock in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares

 

105


Table of Contents

to be included in each series, and to fix the designation, powers, preferences, and rights of the shares of each series and any of its qualifications, limitations or restrictions, in each case without further vote or action by our stockholders. Our board of directors can also increase or decrease the number of shares of any series of preferred stock, but not below the number of shares of that series then outstanding, without any further vote or action by our stockholders. Our board of directors may authorize the issuance of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of our common stock. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could, among other things, have the effect of delaying, deferring, or preventing a change in our control of the Company and might adversely affect the market price of our common stock and the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock. We have no current plan to issue any shares of preferred stock.

 

Options

 

As of December 31, 2013, we had outstanding options to purchase an aggregate of 7,530,948 shares of our common stock, with a weighted average exercise price of $4.08 per share.

 

There are 1,344,236 outstanding shares of common stock with put rights that would require us to repurchase such shares at fair value, determined at the redemption date. As the redemption price is equivalent to the fair value of the instrument, we adjust the carrying value of the redeemable common stock to its fair value with an adjustment to equity. We have imposed an annual redemption limit of $4.0 million. These put rights will terminate upon the completion of this offering.

 

Registration Rights

 

After the completion of this offering, certain holders of our common stock will be entitled to rights with respect to the registration of their shares under the Securities Act. These registration rights are contained in our Registration Rights Agreement. For more information on the registration rights, see “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement.” In connection with this offering, each stockholder that has registration rights agreed not to sell or otherwise dispose of any securities without the prior written consent of the underwriters for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus. See the section titled “Underwriting” for more information regarding such restrictions.

 

Demand Registration Rights

 

After the completion of this offering, the holders of approximately              shares of our common stock will be entitled to certain demand registration rights. For more information on the demand registration rights, see “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement.”

 

Piggyback Registration Rights

 

After the completion of this offering, if we propose to register the offer and sale of our common stock under the Securities Act, in connection with the public offering of such common stock the holders of up to approximately              shares of our common stock will be entitled to certain “piggyback” registration rights allowing such holders to include their shares in such registration, subject to certain marketing and other limitations. For more information on the piggyback registration rights, see “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement.”

 

S-3 Registration Rights

 

After the completion of this offering, the holders of up to approximately              shares of our common stock may make a written request that we register the offer and sale of their shares on a registration statement on Form S-3 if we are eligible to file a registration statement on Form S-3, so long as the request covers at least that

 

106


Table of Contents

number of shares with an anticipated offering price, net of underwriting discounts and commissions, of at least $10.0 million. These stockholders may make an unlimited number of requests for registration on Form S-3; however, we will not be required to effect a registration on Form S-3 if we have effected two such registrations within the twelve-month period preceding the date of the request. Additionally, if we determine that it would be seriously detrimental to our stockholders to effect such a registration, we have the right to defer such registration, not more than once in any twelve-month period, for a period of up to 90 days. For more information on the registration rights, see “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement.”

 

Anti-Takeover Provisions

 

The provisions of Delaware law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws, which are summarized below, may have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging another person from acquiring control of our company. They are also designed, in part, to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate first with our board of directors. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with an unfriendly or unsolicited acquirer outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging a proposal to acquire us because negotiation of these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.

 

Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law

 

Following the completion of this offering, we will be governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL. In general, Section 203 of the DGCL prohibits a public Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A “business combination” includes mergers, asset sales or other transactions resulting in a financial benefit to the stockholder. An “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or within three years did own, 15% or more of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock. These provisions may have the effect of delaying, deferring, or preventing a change in our control.

 

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaw Provisions

 

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws will include a number of provisions that could deter hostile takeovers or delay or prevent changes in control of our board of directors or management team, including the following:

 

   

Board of Directors Vacancies .    Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will authorize only our board of directors to fill vacant directorships, including newly created seats. In addition, the number of directors constituting our board of directors will be permitted to be set only by a resolution adopted by a majority vote of our entire board of directors. These provisions would prevent a stockholder from increasing the size of our board of directors and then gaining control of our board of directors by filling the resulting vacancies with its own nominees. This makes it more difficult to change the composition of our board of directors and promotes continuity of management.

 

   

Classified Board .    Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will provide that our board of directors is classified into three classes of directors. A third party may be discouraged from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us as it is more difficult and time consuming for stockholders to replace a majority of the directors on a classified board of directors. See the section titled “Management—Board of Directors.”

 

   

Stockholder Action; Special Meeting of Stockholders .    Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that our stockholders may not take action by written consent, but may only take action at annual or special meetings of our stockholders. As a result, a holder controlling a majority of our capital stock would not be able to amend our amended and restated bylaws or remove directors without holding a meeting of our stockholders called in accordance with our amended and restated bylaws. Our

 

107


Table of Contents
 

amended and restated bylaws will further provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by a majority of our board of directors, the Chairman of our board of directors, our Chief Executive Officer or our President, thus prohibiting a stockholder from calling a special meeting. These provisions might delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or for stockholders controlling a majority of our capital stock to take any action, including the removal of directors.

 

   

Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations .    Our amended and restated bylaws will provide advance notice procedures for stockholders seeking to bring business before our annual meeting of stockholders or to nominate candidates for election as directors at our annual meeting of stockholders. Our amended and restated bylaws will also specify certain requirements regarding the form and content of a stockholder’s notice. These provisions might preclude our stockholders from bringing matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or from making nominations for directors at our annual meeting of stockholders if the proper procedures are not followed. We expect that these provisions may also discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our Company.

 

   

No Cumulative Voting .    The DGCL provides that stockholders are not entitled to cumulate votes in the election of directors unless a corporation’s certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will not provide for cumulative voting.

 

   

Directors Removed Only for Cause .    Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that stockholders may remove directors only for cause.

 

   

Amendment of Charter Provisions .    Any amendment of the above provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation would require approval by holders of at least two-thirds of our then outstanding common stock.

 

   

Issuance of Undesignated Preferred Stock .    Our board of directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders, to issue up to 12,500,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock with rights and preferences, including voting rights, designated from time to time by our board of directors. The existence of authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock would enable our board of directors to render more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest, or other means.

 

Tax Indemnity Agreement

 

In connection with the Merger, the Company agreed to indemnify Aramark Holdings for negative income tax consequences associated with the October 2012 spin-off of Seamless Holdings that are the result of certain actions taken by us, including our solicitation of acquirers to purchase us prior to October 29, 2014, and in certain other instances subject to a $15 million limitation.

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

Upon the completion of this offering, the transfer agent and registrar for our common stock will be American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC. Its address is 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219. Its telephone number is (800) 937-5449.

 

Listing

 

We intend to apply for listing of our common stock on the NYSE under the trading symbol “GRUB.”

 

108


Table of Contents

SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

 

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock, and we cannot predict the effect, if any, that market sales of shares of our common stock or the availability of shares of our common stock for sale will have on the market price of our common stock prevailing from time to time. Future sales of our common stock in the public market, or the availability of such shares for sale in the public market, could adversely affect market prices prevailing from time to time. As described below, only a limited number of shares will be available for sale shortly after this offering due to contractual and legal restrictions on resale. Nevertheless, sales of our common stock in the public market after such restrictions lapse, or the perception that those sales may occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price at such time and our ability to raise equity capital in the future.

 

Following the completion of this offering (assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of our common stock), based on the number of shares of our capital stock outstanding as of                     , 2014, we will have a total of              shares of our common stock outstanding. Of these outstanding shares, all of the shares of common stock sold in this offering will be freely tradable, except that any shares purchased in this offering by our affiliates, as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act, would only be able to be sold in compliance with the Rule 144 limitations described below.

 

The remaining outstanding shares of our common stock will be deemed “restricted securities” as defined in Rule 144. Restricted securities may be sold in the public market only if they are registered or if they qualify for an exemption from registration under Rule 144 or Rule 701 under the Securities Act, which rules are summarized below. In addition, all of our executive officers, directors, and holders of substantially all of our common stock and securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock have entered into market standoff agreements with us or lock-up agreements with the underwriters under which they have agreed, subject to specific exceptions, not to sell any of our stock for at least 180 days following the date of this prospectus. As a result of these agreements and the provisions of our registration rights agreement described above under the section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement,” subject to the provisions of Rule 144 or Rule 701, based on an assumed offering date of              2014,              shares will be available for sale in the public market as follows:

 

   

beginning on the date of this prospectus, the             shares of common stock sold in this offering will be immediately available for sale in the public market;

 

   

beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus,             additional shares of common stock may become eligible for sale in the public market; and

 

   

beginning 181 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to extension as described in “Underwriting” below,             additional shares of common stock will become eligible for sale in the public market, of which             shares will be held by affiliates and subject to the volume and other restrictions of Rule 144, as described below.

 

Lock-Up Agreements

 

We, the selling stockholders, our executive officers and directors and holders of substantially all of our common stock and securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock, have agreed or will agree that, subject to certain exceptions, for a period of 180 days from the date of this prospectus, we and they will not, without the prior written consent of Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, dispose of or hedge any shares or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of our capital stock. Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC may, in their sole discretion, and with the Company’s consent, release any of the securities subject to these lock-up agreements at any time. In the event that the lock-up restriction is waived for one of our officers or directors, a press release will be issued announcing the waiver prior to such waiver becoming effective.

 

109


Table of Contents

Rule 144

 

In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, once we have been subject to the public company reporting requirements of Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act for at least 90 days, a person who is not deemed to have been one of our affiliates for purposes of the Securities Act at any time during the 90 days preceding a sale and who has beneficially owned the shares proposed to be sold for at least six months, including the holding period of any prior owner other than our affiliates, is entitled to sell those shares without complying with the manner of sale, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144, subject to compliance with the public information requirements of Rule 144. If such a person has beneficially owned the shares proposed to be sold for at least one year, including the holding period of any prior owner other than our affiliates, then that person would be entitled to sell those shares without complying with any of the requirements of Rule 144.

 

In general, under Rule 144, as currently in effect, our affiliates or persons selling shares on behalf of our affiliates are entitled to sell upon expiration of the market standoff and lock-up agreements described above, within any three-month period, a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of:

 

   

1% of the number of shares of our common stock then outstanding, which will equal approximately              shares immediately after this offering; or

 

   

the average weekly trading volume of our common stock on              during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to that sale.

 

Sales under Rule 144 by our affiliates or persons selling shares on behalf of our affiliates are also subject to certain manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us. Notwithstanding the availability of Rule 144, the holders of substantially all of our restricted securities have entered into lock-up agreements as referenced above and their restricted securities will become eligible for sale (subject to the above limitations under Rule 144) upon the expiration of the restrictions set forth in those agreements.

 

Rule 701

 

Rule 701 generally allows a stockholder who purchased shares of our common stock pursuant to a written compensatory plan or contract and who is not deemed to have been an affiliate of our Company during the immediately preceding 90 days to sell these shares in reliance upon Rule 144 without being required to comply with the public information, holding period, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144. Rule 701 also permits affiliates of our Company to sell their Rule 701 shares under Rule 144 without complying with the holding period requirements of Rule 144. All holders of Rule 701 shares, however, are required by that rule to wait until 90 days after the date of this prospectus before selling those shares pursuant to Rule 701.

 

Registration Rights

 

Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the holders of up to              shares of our common stock (including shares issuable upon the conversion of our outstanding convertible Preferred Stock, which will occur immediately prior to the closing of this offering) or their transferees, will be entitled to certain rights with respect to the registration of the offer and sale of those shares under the Securities Act. See the section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement” for a description of these registration rights. If the offer and sale of these shares is registered, the shares will be freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act, and a large number of shares may be sold into the public market.

 

Registration Statement on Form S-8

 

We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register all of the shares of common stock issued or reserved for issuance under the 2013 Plan. We expect to file this registration statement

 

110


Table of Contents

as promptly as possible after the completion of this offering. Shares covered by this registration statement will be eligible for sale in the public market, subject to the Rule 144 limitations applicable to affiliates, vesting restrictions and any applicable lock-up agreements and market standoff agreements.

 

Stock Options

 

As of December 31, 2013, options to purchase a total of 7,530,948 shares of common stock pursuant to the 2013 Plan were outstanding, of which options to purchase 3,081,017 shares were exercisable. The registration statement on Form S-8 referenced above is expected to become effective immediately upon filing, and shares covered by the registration statement will then become eligible for sale in the public market, subject to the Rule 144 limitations applicable to affiliates, vesting restrictions and any applicable lock-up agreements and market standoff agreements. See the section titled “Executive Compensation—2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan” and “—Other Benefit Plans” for a description of our equity incentive plans.

 

111


Table of Contents

U.S. FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS

 

The following is a summary of material U.S. federal income and estate tax consequences to non-U.S. holders, as defined below, of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares of our common stock. This summary deals only with non-U.S. holders of shares of common stock that purchase the shares pursuant to this offering and will hold such shares as capital assets within the meaning of section 1221 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).

 

For purposes of this discussion, a “non-U.S. holder” is a beneficial owner of shares of our common stock that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is neither a partnership nor any of the following:

 

   

an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;

 

   

a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

 

   

an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

 

   

a trust if it (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

This summary is based upon provisions of the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated under the Code, rulings and other administrative pronouncements, and judicial decisions, all as of the date hereof. These authorities are subject to different interpretations and may be changed, perhaps retroactively, so as to result in U.S. federal income tax consequences different from those summarized below. This summary does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income and estate taxation and does not deal with non-U.S., state, local, alternative minimum, gift, or other tax considerations that may be relevant to non-U.S. holders in light of their particular circumstances. In addition, this summary does not describe the U.S. federal income and estate tax consequences applicable to you if you are subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income or estate tax laws (including if you are a U.S. expatriate or subject to the U.S. anti-inversion rules, a bank or other financial institution, an insurance company, a tax-exempt organization, a broker, dealer, or trader in securities or currencies, a regulated investment company, a real estate investment trust, a “controlled foreign corporation,” a “passive foreign investment company,” a retirement plan, a partnership or other pass-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes (or an investor in such a pass-through entity), a person who acquired shares of our common stock as compensation or otherwise in connection with the performance of services, or a person who has acquired shares of our common stock as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion transaction, synthetic security or other integrated investment). We cannot assure you that a change in law will not significantly alter the tax considerations described in this summary.

 

We have not and will not seek any rulings from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, regarding the matters discussed below. There can be no assurance that the IRS will not take positions concerning the tax consequences of the ownership or disposition of shares of our common stock that differ from those discussed below.

 

If any entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds shares of our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partner and the partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership holding shares of our common stock, you should consult your tax advisors.

 

This summary is for general information only and is not intended to constitute a complete description of all tax consequences for non-U.S. holders relating to the ownership and disposition of shares of our common stock. If you are considering the purchase of shares of our common stock, you should consult your tax advisors concerning the particular U.S. federal income tax consequences to you of the ownership and disposition of shares of our common stock, as well as the consequences to you arising under the laws of any other applicable taxing jurisdiction in light of your particular circumstances.

 

112


Table of Contents

Dividends

 

In general, cash distributions on shares of our common stock will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. To the extent any such distributions exceed both our current and our accumulated earnings and profits, they will first be treated as a return of capital reducing your tax basis in our common stock, but not below zero, and thereafter will be treated as gain from the sale of the common stock, the treatment of which is discussed under “—Gain on Disposition of Shares of Common Stock.”

 

The gross amount of dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder generally will be subject to a U.S. withholding tax at a 30% rate, or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty. A non-U.S. holder of shares of our common stock who wishes to claim the benefit of an applicable treaty rate and avoid backup withholding, as discussed below, for dividends generally will be required (a) to complete IRS Form W-8BEN (or other applicable form) and certify under penalty of perjury that such holder is not a U.S. person as defined under the Code and is eligible for treaty benefits, and the withholding agent must not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the certification is incorrect, or (b) if such holder’s shares of our common stock are held through certain foreign intermediaries or foreign partnerships, satisfy the relevant certification requirements of applicable U.S. Treasury regulations. This certification must be provided to us or our paying agent prior to the payment to you of any dividends and must be updated periodically.

 

Dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder that are effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business within the United States by such non-U.S. holder (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, are attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment) generally will not be subject to the aforementioned withholding tax, provided certain certification and disclosure requirements are satisfied (including providing a properly completed IRS Form W-8ECI). Instead, such dividends generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in the same manner as if the non-U.S. holder were a U.S. person as defined under the Code. A non-U.S. holder that is treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes may be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” at a 30% rate (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on earnings and profits attributable to dividends that are effectively connected with its conduct of a U.S. trade or business (and, if an income tax treaty applies, are attributable to its U.S. permanent establishment).

 

A non-U.S. holder of shares of our common stock eligible for a reduced rate of U.S. withholding tax pursuant to an income tax treaty may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS.

 

Gain on Disposition of Shares of Common Stock

 

Subject to the discussions below on the backup withholding tax and the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”) legislation, any gain realized by a non-U.S. holder on the sale or other disposition of shares of our common stock generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax unless:

 

   

the gain is effectively connected with a trade or business of the non-U.S. holder in the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, is attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment);

 

   

the non-U.S. holder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of that disposition, and certain other conditions are met; or

 

   

we are or have been a “U.S. real property holding corporation” for U.S. federal income tax purposes at any time during the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of the disposition or the period that the non-U.S. holder held shares of our common stock.

 

In the case of a non-U.S. holder described in the first and third bullet points above, any gain generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in the same manner as if the non-U.S. holder were a U.S. person as defined under the Code, and a non-U.S. holder that is a foreign corporation may also be subject to

 

113


Table of Contents

the branch profits tax equal to 30% of its effectively connected earnings and profits attributable to such gain (or, if an income tax treaty applies, at such lower rate as may be specified by the treaty on its gains attributable to its U.S. permanent establishment). Except as otherwise provided by an applicable income tax treaty, an individual non-U.S. holder described in the second bullet point above will be subject to a flat 30% tax on any gain derived from the sale or disposition, which may be offset by certain U.S. source capital losses provided that the non-U.S. holder has timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses, even though the individual is not considered a resident of the United States under the Code. We believe we are not and, although no assurance can be given, do not anticipate becoming a U.S. real property holding corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If we are, or become, a U.S. real property holding corporation, then, as long as our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market, any gain from the sale or other taxable disposition of our common stock will not be subject to the tax described above on the disposition of a U.S. real property interest unless a non-U.S. holder owns more than 5% of all our outstanding common stock at any time within the time period described above. You should consult your own tax advisor about the consequences that could result if we are, or become, a U.S. real property holding corporation.

 

Federal Estate Tax

 

Shares of our common stock beneficially owned by an individual who is not a citizen of the United States or a resident of the United States (as defined for U.S. federal estate tax purposes) at the time of death will generally be includible in the decedent’s gross estate for U.S. federal estate tax purposes, unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise, and therefore may be subject to U.S. federal estate tax.

 

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

 

The amount of dividends paid to each non-U.S. holder, and the tax withheld with respect to such dividends generally will be reported annually to the IRS and to each such holder, regardless of whether withholding was reduced or eliminated by an applicable tax treaty. Copies of the information returns reporting such dividends and withholding may also be made available to the tax authorities in the country in which the non-U.S. holder resides or is established under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty or agreement.

 

A non-U.S. holder generally will be subject to backup withholding for dividends paid to such holder unless such holder certifies under penalty of perjury (usually on an IRS Form W-8BEN) that it is a non-U.S. holder (and the payor does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that such holder is a U.S. person as defined under the Code), or such holder otherwise establishes an exemption. Information reporting and, depending on the circumstances, backup withholding will apply to the proceeds of a sale of shares of our common stock within the United States or conducted through certain U.S.-related financial intermediaries, unless the beneficial owner certifies under penalty of perjury that it is a non-U.S. holder (and the payor does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the beneficial owner is a United States person as defined under the Code), or such owner otherwise establishes an exemption.

 

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against a non-U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

 

Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act

 

Legislation and administrative guidance, the FATCA legislation, generally will impose, after June 30, 2014, a withholding tax of 30% on any dividends on our common stock paid to certain “foreign financial institutions,” as specifically defined under such rules, unless such institution enters into an agreement with the U.S. government to, among other things, collect and provide to the U.S. tax authorities substantial information regarding U.S. account holders of such institution (which includes certain equity and debt holders of such institution, as well as certain account holders that are foreign entities with U.S. owners) and to withhold on

 

114


Table of Contents

certain payments or another exception applies. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country, or future Treasury regulations or other guidance, may modify these requirements. Accordingly, the entity through which our common stock is held will affect the determination of whether such withholding is required. The FATCA legislation will also generally impose a withholding tax of 30% on any dividends on our common stock paid to a non-financial foreign entity unless such entity provides the withholding agent with either a certification that such entity does not have any substantial U.S. owners or a certification identifying the direct and indirect substantial U.S. owners of the entity and meets certain other specified requirements. Finally, beginning on January 1, 2017, withholding of 30% also generally will apply to the gross proceeds of a disposition of our common stock paid to a foreign financial institution or to a non-financial foreign entity unless the reporting and certification requirements described above have been met or another exception applies. Under certain circumstances, a non-U.S. holder of our common stock may be eligible for refunds or credits of such taxes. Investors are encouraged to consult with their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of the FATCA legislation on their investment in our common stock.

 

THE SUMMARY OF MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS ABOVE IS INCLUDED FOR GENERAL INFORMATION PURPOSES ONLY. POTENTIAL PURCHASERS OF OUR COMMON STOCK ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS TO DETERMINE THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND NON-U.S. TAX CONSIDERATIONS OF PURCHASING, OWNING AND DISPOSING OF OUR COMMON STOCK.

 

115


Table of Contents

UNDERWRITING

 

We and the selling stockholders are offering the shares of common stock described in this prospectus through a number of underwriters. Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC are acting as joint book-running managers of this offering and as representatives of the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions stated in the underwriting agreement dated the date of this prospectus, each underwriter named below has severally agreed to purchase, and we and the selling stockholders have agreed to sell to that underwriter, the number of shares set forth opposite the underwriter’s name.

 

Underwriters

   Number of
Shares

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

  

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC

  

Allen & Company LLC

  

BMO Capital Markets Corp.

  

Canaccord Genuity Inc.

  

Raymond James & Associates, Inc.

  

William Blair & Company, L.L.C.

  
  

 

Total

  
  

 

 

The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the shares included in this offering are subject to approval of legal matters by counsel and subject to other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to purchase all the shares (other than those covered by the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares described below) if they purchase any of the shares.

 

Shares sold by the underwriters to the public will initially be offered at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus. Any shares sold by the underwriters to securities dealers may be sold at a discount from the initial public offering price not to exceed $         per share. If all the shares are not sold at the initial offering price, the underwriters may change the offering price and the other selling terms. The representatives have advised us that the underwriters do not intend to make sales to discretionary accounts.

 

If the underwriters sell more shares than the total number set forth in the table above, we have granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable for 30 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to              additional shares at the public offering price less the underwriting discount. The underwriters may exercise the option solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, if any, in connection with this offering. To the extent the option is exercised, each underwriter must purchase a number of additional shares approximately proportionate to that underwriter’s initial purchase commitment. Any shares issued or sold under the option will be issued and sold on the same terms and conditions as the other shares that are the subject of this offering.

 

We, the selling stockholders, our officers and directors and holders of substantially all of our common stock have agreed that, subject to certain exceptions, for a period of 180 days from the date of this prospectus, we and they will not, without the prior written consent of Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, dispose of or hedge any shares or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of our capital stock. Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC may, in their sole discretion, release any of the securities subject to these lock-up agreements at any time without notice.

 

At our request, the underwriters have reserved up to     % of the shares for sale at the initial public offering price to persons who are associated with us through a directed share program. The number of shares available for sale to the general public will be reduced by the number of directed shares purchased by participants in the program. Except for certain of our officers, directors and employees who have entered into lock-up agreements

 

116


Table of Contents

as contemplated in the immediately preceding paragraph, each person buying shares through the directed share program has agreed that, for a period of 180 days from the date of this prospectus, he or she will not, without the prior written consent of Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, dispose of or hedge any shares or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock with respect to shares purchased in the program. For certain officers, directors and employees purchasing shares through the directed share program, the lock-up agreements contemplated in the immediately preceding paragraph shall govern with respect to their purchases. Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, in their sole discretion, may release any of the securities subject to these lock-up agreements at any time, which, in the case of officers and directors, shall be with notice. Any directed shares not purchased will be offered by the underwriters to the general public on the same basis as all other shares offered. We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities and expenses, including liabilities under the Securities Act, in connection with the sales of the directed shares.

 

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our shares. Consequently, the initial public offering price for the shares was determined by negotiations among us, the selling stockholders and Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC. Among the factors considered in determining the initial public offering price were our results of operations, our current financial condition, our future prospects, our markets, the economic conditions in and future prospects for the industry in which we compete, our management, and currently prevailing general conditions in the equity securities markets, including current market valuations of publicly traded companies considered comparable to our Company. We cannot assure you, however, that the price at which the shares will sell in the public market after this offering will not be lower than the initial public offering price or that an active trading market in our shares will develop and continue after this offering.

 

We intend to apply to have our shares listed on the NYSE under the symbol “GRUB.” The following table shows the underwriting discounts and commissions that we and the selling stockholders are to pay to the underwriters in connection with this offering. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

 

      

Paid by Us

   Paid by Selling Stockholders
      

No Exercise

   Full Exercise    No Exercise    Full Exercise

Per share

   $                $                $                $            

Total

   $                $                $                $            

 

We estimate that the total expenses of this offering payable by us, including the expenses of the selling stockholders but not including the underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $         million, which includes an amount not to exceed $         that we have agreed to reimburse the underwriters for certain expenses (including fees of counsel for FINRA-related matters) incurred by them in connection with this offering. In addition, the underwriters have agreed to reimburse us for certain expenses in connection with this offering.

 

In connection with the offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell shares in the open market. Purchases and sales in the open market may include short sales, purchases to cover short positions, which may include purchases pursuant to the over-allotment option, and stabilizing purchases.

 

   

Short sales involve secondary market sales by the underwriters of a greater number of shares than they are required to purchase in the offering.

 

   

“Covered” short sales are sales of shares in an amount up to the number of shares represented by the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

 

   

“Naked” short sales are sales of shares in an amount in excess of the number of shares represented by the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

 

117


Table of Contents
   

Covering transactions involve purchases of shares either pursuant to the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares or in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover short positions.

 

   

To close a naked short position, the underwriters must purchase shares in the open market after the distribution has been completed. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the shares in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering.

 

   

To close a covered short position, the underwriters must purchase shares in the open market after the distribution has been completed or must exercise the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. In determining the source of shares to close the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

 

   

Stabilizing transactions involve bids to purchase shares so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum.

 

Purchases to cover short positions and stabilizing purchases, as well as other purchases by the underwriters for their own accounts, may have the effect of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the shares. They may also cause the price of the shares to be higher than the price that would otherwise exist in the open market in the absence of these transactions. The underwriters may conduct these transactions on the             , in the over-the-counter market or otherwise. If the underwriters commence any of these transactions, they may discontinue them at any time.

 

The underwriters are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. The underwriters and their affiliates may, from time to time, engage in transactions with and perform services for us or our directors and executive officers in the ordinary course of their business for which they may receive customary fees and reimbursement of expenses. In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (which may include bank loans and/or credit default swaps) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers and may at any time hold long and short positions in such securities and instruments. Such investment and securities activities may involve our securities and instruments.

 

Citigroup Global Markets Inc. advised GrubHub Holdings in regard to the Merger, for which services Citigroup Global Markets Inc. received an advisory fee. Joan Spero, a member of the board of directors of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., is the mother of Benjamin Spero. Mr. Spero is a director on our board of directors and the beneficial holder of approximately 12.0% of our voting securities by virtue of his relationship with SLW Investor, LLC. See “Principal and Selling Stockholders.”

 

We and the selling stockholders have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make because of any of those liabilities.

 

Notice to Prospective Investors in the European Economic Area

 

In relation to each member state of the European Economic Area that has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a “relevant member state”), with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that relevant member state (the “relevant implementation date”), an offer of shares described in this prospectus may not be made to the public in that relevant member state other than:

 

   

to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined in the Prospectus Directive;

 

118


Table of Contents
   

to fewer than 100, or if the relevant member state has implemented the relevant provision of the 2010 PD Amending Directive, 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Directive), as permitted under the Prospectus Directive, subject to obtaining the prior consent of the relevant Dealer or Dealers nominated by us for any such offer; or

 

   

in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive, provided that no such offer of shares shall require us or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.

 

For purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer of securities to the public” in any relevant member state means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for the shares, as the expression may be varied in that member state by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that member state, and the expression “Prospectus Directive” means Directive 2003/71/EC (and amendments thereto, including the 2010 PD Amending Directive, to the extent implemented in the relevant member state) and includes any relevant implementing measure in the relevant member state. The expression 2010 PD Amending Directive means Directive 2010/73/EU.

 

The sellers of the shares have not authorized and do not authorize the making of any offer of shares through any financial intermediary on their behalf, other than offers made by the underwriters with a view to the final placement of the shares as contemplated in this prospectus. Accordingly, no purchaser of the shares, other than the underwriters, is authorized to make any further offer of the shares on behalf of the sellers or the underwriters.

 

Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom

 

This prospectus is only being distributed to, and is only directed at, persons in the United Kingdom that are qualified investors within the meaning of Article 2(1)(e) of the Prospectus Directive that are also (i) investment professionals falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 (the “Order”) or (ii) high net worth entities, and other persons to whom it may lawfully be communicated, falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (each such person being referred to as a “relevant person”). This prospectus and its contents are confidential and should not be distributed, published or reproduced (in whole or in part) or disclosed by recipients to any other persons in the United Kingdom. Any person in the United Kingdom that is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this document or any of its contents.

 

Notice to Prospective Investors in France

 

Neither this prospectus nor any other offering material relating to the shares described in this prospectus has been submitted to the clearance procedures of the Autorité des Marchés Financiers or of the competent authority of another member state of the European Economic Area and notified to the Autorité des Marchés Financiers . The shares have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in France. Neither this prospectus nor any other offering material relating to the shares has been or will be:

 

   

released, issued, distributed or caused to be released, issued or distributed to the public in France; or

 

   

used in connection with any offer for subscription or sale of the shares to the public in France.

 

Such offers, sales and distributions will be made in France only:

 

   

to qualified investors ( investisseurs qualifiés ) and/or to a restricted circle of investors ( cercle restreint d’investisseurs ), in each case investing for their own account, all as defined in, and in accordance with articles L.411-2, D.411-1, D.411-2, D.734-1, D.744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Code monétaire et financier ;

 

   

to investment services providers authorized to engage in portfolio management on behalf of third parties; or

 

119


Table of Contents
   

in a transaction that, in accordance with article L.411-2-II-1°-or-2°-or 3° of the French Code monétaire et financier and article 211-2 of the General Regulations ( Règlement Général ) of the Autorité des Marchés Financiers , does not constitute a public offer ( appel public à l’épargne ).

 

The shares may be resold directly or indirectly, only in compliance with articles L.411-1, L.411-2, L.412-1 and L.621-8 through L.621-8-3 of the French Code monétaire et financier .

 

Notice to Prospective Investors in Switzerland

 

The shares may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange (“SIX”) or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This document has been prepared without regard to the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this document nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the shares or the offering may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.

 

Neither this document nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the offering, the Company or the shares have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this document will not be filed with, and the offer of shares will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority FINMA (FINMA), and the offer of shares has not been and will not be authorized under the Swiss Federal Act on Collective Investment Schemes (“CISA”). The investor protection afforded to acquirers of interests in collective investment schemes under the CISA does not extend to acquirers of shares.

 

Notice to Prospective Investors in the Dubai International Financial Centre

 

This prospectus relates to an exempt offer in accordance with the Offered Securities Rules of the Dubai Financial Services Authority. This document is intended for distribution only to persons of a type specified in those rules. It must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any other person. The Dubai Financial Services Authority has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any documents in connection with exempt offers. The Dubai Financial Services Authority has not approved this prospectus nor taken steps to verify the information set out herein, and has no responsibility for this prospectus. The shares which are the subject of the offering contemplated by this prospectus may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their resale.

 

Prospective purchasers of the shares offered should conduct their own due diligence on the shares. If you do not understand the contents of this document you should consult an authorized financial adviser.

 

Notice to Prospective Investors in Hong Kong

 

The shares may not be offered or sold in Hong Kong by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong), (ii) to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder, or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong), and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the shares may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to shares which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder.

 

120


Table of Contents

Notice to Prospective Investors in Japan

 

The shares offered in this prospectus have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan. The shares have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to or for the account of any resident of Japan (including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), except (i) pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law and (ii) in compliance with any other applicable requirements of Japanese law.

 

Notice to Prospective Investors in Singapore

 

This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the shares may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the shares be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore (the “SFA”), (ii) to a relevant person pursuant to Section 275(1), or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA, in each case subject to compliance with conditions set forth in the SFA.

 

Where the shares are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is:

 

   

a corporation (which is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or

 

   

a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the trust is an individual who is an accredited investor,

 

shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries’ rights and interest (howsoever described) in that trust shall not be transferred within six months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the shares pursuant to an offer made under Section 275 of the SFA except:

 

   

to an institutional investor (for corporations, under Section 274 of the SFA) or to a relevant person defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA, or to any person pursuant to an offer that is made on terms that such shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or such rights and interest in that trust are acquired at a consideration of not less than S$200,000 (or its equivalent in a foreign currency) for each transaction, whether such amount is to be paid for in cash or by exchange of securities or other assets, and further for corporations, in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA;

 

   

where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer; or

 

   

where the transfer is by operation of law.

 

121


Table of Contents

LEGAL MATTERS

 

Kirkland & Ellis LLP, New York, New York will pass upon the validity of the common stock offered hereby on our behalf. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the underwriters by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, New York, New York.

 

EXPERTS

 

The financial statements of GrubHub Inc. (formerly known as GrubHub Seamless Inc.) as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 and for the three years then ended, included in this prospectus, have been so included in reliance on the report of Crowe Horwath LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm, as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

The financial statements of GrubHub Holdings Inc. (formerly known as GrubHub, Inc.) as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and for the years then ended, included in this prospectus, have been so included in reliance on the report of Crowe Horwath LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm, as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus. This prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement, some of which is contained in exhibits to the registration statement as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information with respect to us and our common stock, we refer you to the registration statement, including the exhibits filed as a part of the registration statement. Statements contained in this prospectus concerning the contents of any contract or any other document is not necessarily complete. If a contract or document has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, please see the copy of the contract or document that has been filed. Each statement in this prospectus relating to a contract or document filed as an exhibit is qualified by the filed exhibit. You may obtain copies of this information by mail from the Public Reference Section of the SEC, 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates. You may obtain information on the operation of the public reference rooms by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy statements and other information about issuers, like us, that file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is www.sec.gov.

 

Upon the completion of this offering, we will become subject to the information and reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and, in accordance with this law, will file periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. These periodic reports, proxy statements and other information will be available for inspection and copying at the SEC’s public reference facilities and the website of the SEC referred to above. We also maintain websites at www.grubhub.com and www.seamless.com . Upon completion of this offering, you may access these materials free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Information contained on our websites is not a part of this prospectus and the inclusion of our website addresses in this prospectus is an inactive textual reference only. You should not rely on any such information in making your decision whether to purchase our securities.

 

122


Table of Contents

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

GRUBHUB INC.

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     F-2   

Consolidated Balance Sheets

     F-3   

Consolidated Statements of Operations

     F-4   

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

     F-5   

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity and Redeemable Common Stock

     F-6   

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

     F-7   

Notes to Financial Statements

     F-8   

 

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     F-31   

Balance Sheets

     F-32   

Statements of Operations

     F-33   

Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

     F-34   

Statements of Cash Flows

     F-35   

Notes to Financial Statements

     F-36   

 

F-1


Table of Contents

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements give effect to the 1-for-2 reverse stock split of the common stock and preferred stock of GrubHub Inc., which will take place prior to the consummation of the offering. The following report is in the form which will be furnished by Crowe Horwath LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, upon completion of the 1-for-2 reverse stock split of the common stock and preferred stock of GrubHub Inc. described in the last paragraph of Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements, and assuming that from February 10, 2014 to the date of such completion, no other material events have occurred that would affect the accompanying consolidated financial statements or disclosures therein, except as described in Note 13.

 

      /s/    Crowe Horwath LLP

Oak Brook, Illinois

     

March 14, 2014

     

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of GrubHub Inc.

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of GrubHub Inc. (formerly known as GrubHub Seamless Inc.) (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2012 and 2013, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and redeemable common stock, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of GrubHub Inc. (formerly known as GrubHub Seamless Inc.) at December 31, 2012 and 2013, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

Oak Brook, Illinois

February 10, 2014 (except for the effect of the reverse stock split for the common stock and preferred stock discussed in Note 13, as to which the date is March     , 2014).

 

F-2


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share data)

 

     As of
December 31,
 
     2012     2013  

ASSETS

    

CURRENT ASSETS:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 41,161      $ 86,542   

Accounts receivable, net

     19,371        27,725   

Income taxes receivable

     —          1,579   

Deferred taxes, current

     26        3,688   

Prepaid expenses

     1,447        2,625   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     62,005        122,159   

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT:

    

Property and equipment, net of depreciation and amortization

     13,341        17,096   

OTHER ASSETS:

    

Other assets

     —          2,328   

Goodwill

     113,442        352,788   

Intangible assets, net of amortization

     17,467        268,441   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other assets

     130,909        623,557   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL ASSETS

   $ 206,255      $ 762,812   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE COMMON STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

    

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 781      $ 3,353   

Restaurant food liability

     48,645        78,245   

Taxes payable

     908        1,768   

Accrued payroll

     1,980        1,720   

Restructuring accrual

     —          176   

Deferred rent, current portion

     128        165   

Due to related party

     244        —     

Tenant allowance, current portion

     159        159   

Other accruals

     5,323        7,005   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     58,168        92,591   

LONG TERM LIABILITIES:

    

Tenant allowance, net of current portion

     1,350        1,192   

Deferred taxes, non-current

     7,035        90,495   

Other accruals

     —          1,102   

Deferred rent, net of current portion

     1,814        1,642   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long term liabilities

     10,199        94,431   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Redeemable common stock, $0.0001 par value, 1,344,236 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2013

     —          18,415   

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

    

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value.
11,185,683 shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2012 and 19,284,113 shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2013; aggregate liquidation preference of $50,000 and $86,200 in 2012 and 2013, respectively.

     1        2   

Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 31,349,777 and 165,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2012 and 2013, respectively; 31,349,777 shares issued and 31,218,164 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2012 and 53,757,437 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2013

     3        5   

Treasury shares common stock $0.0001 par value, 131,607 shares as of December 31, 2012

     (858     —     

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     (27     132   

Additional paid-in capital

     86,743        500,356   

Retained earnings

     52,026        56,880   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Stockholders’ Equity .

   $ 137,888      $ 557,375   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE COMMON STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

   $ 206,255      $ 762,812   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-3


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

    Year Ended December 31,  
    2011     2012     2013  

Revenues

  $ 60,611      $ 82,299      $ 137,143   

Costs and expenses:

     

Sales and marketing

    17,198        26,892        37,347   

Operations and support

    13,961        18,165        34,173   

Technology (exclusive of amortization)

    5,651        10,172        15,357   

General and administrative

    9,777        12,249        21,907   

Depreciation and amortization

    4,033        6,089        13,470   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

    50,620        73,567        122,254   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

    9,991        8,732        14,889   

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

    (5,220     813        8,142   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

    15,211        7,919        6,747   

Dividends on Preferred Stock

    (334     (402     (1,073
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to common stockholders

  $ 14,877      $ 7,517      $ 5,674   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income per share attributable to common stockholders:

     

Basic

  $ 0.48      $ 0.24      $ 0.14   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted

  $ 0.36      $ 0.19      $ 0.12   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average shares used to compute net income per share attributable to common stockholders:

     

Basic

    31,320        31,320        40,681   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted

    42,505        42,666        56,645   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders (unaudited):

     

Basic

      $ 0.12   
     

 

 

 

Diluted

      $ 0.12   
     

 

 

 

Weighted average shares used to compute pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders (unaudited):

     

Basic

        55,071   
     

 

 

 

Diluted

        56,645   
     

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-4


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands)

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2012      2013  

Net Income

   $ 15,211      $ 7,919       $ 6,747   

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME:

       

Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments

     (33     115         159   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

   $ 15,178      $ 8,034       $ 6,906   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-5


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity and Redeemable Common Stock

For the Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2013

(In thousands, except share data)

 

    Common
Shares
    Common
Stock
    Preferred
Shares
    Preferred
Stock
    Treasury
Shares
    Treasury
Stock
    APIC     Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
    Retained
Earnings
    Total
Stockholders’
Equity
    Redeemable
Common Stock
 
                      Shares     Amount  

Balance December 31, 2010

    31,319,911      $ 3        11,185,683      $ 1        —        $ —        $ 79,853      $ (109   $ 30,484      $ 110,232        —        $ —     

Net Income

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          15,211        15,211        —          —     

Currency translation

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          (33     —          (33     —          —     

Capital contribution from stockholders

    —          —          —          —          —          —          5,758        —          —          5,758        —          —     

Stock-based compensation

    —          —          —          —          —          —          803        —          —          803        —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance December 31, 2011

    31,319,911        3        11,185,683        1        —          —          86,414        (142     45,695        131,971        —          —     

Net Income

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          7,919        7,919        —          —     

Common stock repurchase

    (131,607     —              131,607        (858     —          —          —          (858     —          —     

Currency translation

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          115        —          115        —          —     

Capital contribution from stockholders

    —          —          —          —          —          —          6,000        —          —          6,000        —          —     

Stock-based compensation

    —          —          —          —          —          —          2,364        —          —          2,364        —          —     

Distributions to stockholders

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          (1,588     (1,588     —          —     

Stock option exercises

    29,860          —          —          —          —          116        —          —          116        —          —     

Deferred tax effects resulting from partnership status

    —          —          —          —          —         —         (8,151     —          —         (8,151     —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance December 31, 2012

    31,218,164        3        11,185,683        1        131,607        (858     86,743        (27     52,026        137,888        —          —     

Net Income

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          6,747        6,747        —          —     

Common stock repurchases

    (176,082           176,082        (1,367     —          —          —          (1,367     —          —     

Treasury share reissuance

    307,689              (307,689     2,225        (2,225     —          —          —          —          —     

Currency translation

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          159        —          159        —          —     

Stock based compensation

    —          —            —          —          —          4,933        —          —          4,933        —          —     

Equity issued from merger with GrubHub Holdings Inc.

    23,318,580        2        8,098,430        1            421,482        —          —          421,485        —          —     

Distributions to stockholders

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          (1,893     (1,893     —          —     

Redeemable common stock

    (1,344,236     —          —          —          —          —          (18,415     —          —          (18,415     1,344,236        18,415   

Deferred tax effects attributable to merger of partnership interest

    —          —          —          —          —          —          6,420        —          —          6,420        —          —     

Stock option exercises

    433,322        —          —          —          —          —          1,418        —          —          1,418        —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance December 31, 2013

    53,757,437      $ 5        19,284,113      $ 2        —        $ —        $ 500,356      $ 132      $ 56,880      $ 557,375        1,344,236      $ 18,415   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-6


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2012     2013  

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

      

Net income

   $ 15,211      $ 7,919      $ 6,747   

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:

      

Depreciation

     855        2,018        3,992   

Provision for doubtful accounts

     298        74        473   

Deferred taxes

     (8,051     —          1,706   

Intangible asset amortization

     3,178        4,071        9,477   

Loss on disposal of equipment

     66        —          —     

Proceeds received under tenant allowance

     1,774        —          —     

Tenant allowance amortization

     (106     (160     (159

Stock based compensation

     803        2,364        4,933   

Deferred rent

     1,064        797        (135

Change in assets and liabilities, net of the effects of business acquisitions:

      

Accounts receivable

     335        (526     (6,719

Income taxes receivable

     —          —          (1,579

Prepaid expenses and other assets

     (432     (582     (423

Other assets

     —          —          (1,965

Accounts payable

     261        319        2,065   

Restaurant food liability

     8,538        12,854        26,549   

Accrued payroll

     932        162        (1,707

Other accruals

     2,128        2,678        (2,192

Due to related party

     5,240        (2,410     (244
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash from operating activities

     32,094        29,578        40,819   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

      

Acquisition of business.

     (12,171     —          —     

Cash acquired in merger of GrubHub Holdings Inc.

     —          —          13,266   

Issuance of note receivable to related party

     (16,000     (26,400     —     

Payments on note receivable from related party

     —          42,400        —     

Capitalized website and development costs

     (2,398     (2,280     (2,592

Purchases of property and equipment

     (6,380     (3,417     (4,429
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash from investing activities

     (36,949     10,303        6,245   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

      

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

     —          116        1,418   

Checks issued in excess of bank balance

     1,563        (3,923     —     

Payment of note payable

     —          (1,965     —     

Contributions from members

     22,448        6,000        —     

Repurchases of common stock

     —          (858     (1,367

Distributions to stockholders

     (16,690     (1,588     (1,893
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash from financing activities

     7,321        (2,218     (1,842
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

     2,466        37,663        45,222   

Effect of exchange rates on cash

     (33     115        159   

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

     950        3,383        41,161   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

   $ 3,383      $ 41,161      $ 86,542   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NON CASH ITEMS

      

Fair value of common and preferred stock issued in acquisition of GrubHub Holdings Inc.

   $ —        $ —        $ 421,485   

Other information

      

Note payable issued in connection with acquisition of business

     1,965        —          —     

Cash paid for income taxes

     2,265        861        7,706   

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-7


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands, except share amounts)

 

1. Organization and Reorganization

 

Organization

 

GrubHub Inc., a Delaware corporation formed on August 8, 2013 as GrubHub Seamless Inc. and later re-named GrubHub Inc., and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company”) provide an online and mobile platform for restaurant pick-up and delivery orders. Diners enter their location through an online interface and the Company displays the menus and other relevant information for restaurants in its network. Orders may be placed directly online or over the phone at no cost to the diner. The Company charges the restaurant a per order commission that is largely fee based. In February 2014, the Company changed its name to GrubHub Inc. from GrubHub Seamless Inc. Reference to the “Company” throughout the financial statements relates to GrubHub Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

 

Reorganization and History

 

Overview of Reorganization

 

On August 8, 2013, GrubHub Inc. acquired, through a series of transactions, all of the equity interests of each of Seamless North America, LLC, Seamless Holdings Corporation (“Seamless Holdings”) and GrubHub Holdings Inc. pursuant to that certain Reorganization and Contribution Agreement, dated as of May 19, 2013, by and among GrubHub Inc., Seamless North America, LLC, Seamless Holdings, GrubHub Holdings Inc. and the other parties thereto (the “Reorganization Agreement”). Following this transaction, the Company concluded that Seamless Holdings was deemed the acquirer for financial reporting purposes (Note 3). Accordingly, the acquisition of GrubHub Holdings Inc. has been accounted for as a business combination. The results of operations of GrubHub Holdings Inc. have been included in the Company’s financial statements since August 9, 2013.

 

Prior to the Reorganization

 

Seamless North America, LLC was originally incorporated in Delaware in December 1999, and was converted to a Delaware limited liability company. Seamless North America was a single member LLC and wholly owned subsidiary of Aramark until June 6, 2011. In June 2011, Aramark sold an approximate 26% interest in Seamless North America, LLC in the form of convertible preferred stock to SLW Investors, LLC (“SLW Investors”), an entity controlled by a private equity firm.

 

On October 17, 2012, Aramark formed Seamless Holdings, as a wholly owned subsidiary for the purpose of completing a spin-off of its approximate 74% equity interest in Seamless North America, LLC. Prior to the spin-off, Aramark distributed all of the issued and outstanding shares of the common stock of Seamless Holdings to its parent company and sole shareholder, Aramark Intermediate Holdco Corporation (“Aramark Intermediate”). Thereafter, Aramark Intermediate distributed such shares to Aramark Holdings (the ultimate parent company of Aramark), which then distributed all of the shares of Seamless Holdings on a pro rata basis to the Aramark Holdings shareholders as of October 26, 2012, the record date. Each Aramark Holdings shareholder received one share of Seamless Holdings common stock for each share of Aramark Holdings common stock owned as of the record date.

 

The financial position and results of operations of Seamless Holdings and Seamless North America, LLC have been included in the consolidated financial statements for all periods presented.

 

F-8


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

 

The Company’s consolidated financial statements were prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The accompanying consolidated financial statements include all wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The consolidated statements of operations include the results of entities acquired from the dates of the acquisitions for accounting purposes.

 

The share and per share amounts for all periods presented reflect the completion of the Company’s 1-for-2 reverse stock split, which the Company expects to effect prior to the consummation of this offering.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the periods presented. Estimates include revenue recognition, the allowance for doubtful accounts, website development costs, goodwill, depreciable lives of property and equipment, recoverability of intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets and stock-based compensation. To the extent there are material differences between these estimates, judgments or assumptions and actual results, the Company’s consolidated financial statements will be affected. In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by GAAP and does not require management’s judgment in its application.

 

Net Income Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

 

Upon consummation of the initial public offering, all of the outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock, assuming the Company raises at least $60 million, will automatically convert into shares of common stock. Unaudited pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders for the year ended December 31, 2013 has been computed to give effect to the automatic conversion of the convertible preferred stock into common stock as though the conversion had occurred on the original dates of issuance.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash includes demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash, and that are so near their maturity that they present minimal risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. The Company’s cash equivalents include only investments with original maturities of three months or less. The Company regularly maintains cash in excess of federally insured limits at financial institutions.

 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income consists of foreign currency translation adjustments. The financial statements of non-U.S. entities are translated from their functional currencies into U.S. dollars. Assets and liabilities are translated at period end rates of exchange, and revenue and expenses are translated using average rates of exchange. The resulting gain or loss is included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the consolidated balance sheet.

 

F-9


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

Property and Equipment, Net

 

Property and equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. The useful lives are as follows:

 

Computer equipment

   2-3 years

Furniture and fixtures

   5 years

Developed software

   2.2-3 years

Purchased software

   3-5 years

Leasehold improvements

   Shorter of expected useful life or lease term

 

The Company has reduced the estimated useful life on any computer equipment, furniture and fixtures, and leasehold improvements related to its Sandy, Utah location to coincide with the expected closure date of December 31, 2014. (See Note 7, “Commitments and Contingencies”).

 

Maintenance and repair costs are charged to expense as incurred. Major improvements, which extend the useful life of the related asset, are capitalized. Upon disposal of a fixed asset, the Company records a gain or loss based on the differences between the proceeds received and the net book value of the disposed asset.

 

Accounts Receivable, Net

 

Accounts receivable primarily represent the net cash due from the Company’s payment processor for cleared transactions and amounts owed from corporate customers. The carrying amount of the Company’s receivables is reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts that reflects management’s best estimate of amounts that will not be collected. The allowance is recorded through a charge to bad debt expense which is recorded within general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. The allowance is based on historical loss experience and any specific risks identified in collection matters.

 

Management provides for probable uncollectible amounts through a charge against bad debt expense and a credit to an allowance based on its assessment of the current status of individual accounts. Balances still outstanding after management has used reasonable collection efforts are written off against the allowance. The Company does not charge interest on trade receivables.

 

Changes in the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
 
     2012     2013  

Allowance for doubtful accounts at beginning of period

   $ 248      $ 210   

Additions to expense

     74        473   

Less: writeoffs, net of recoveries and other adjustments

     (112     (173
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at end of period

   $ 210      $ 510   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Advertising Costs

 

Advertising costs are generally expensed as incurred in connection with the requisite service period. Certain advertising production costs are capitalized and expensed over the requisite service period of the advertisements. For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, expenses attributable to advertising totaled approximately $12.6 million, $20.4 million and $25.0 million, respectively. Advertising costs are recorded in sales and marketing expense on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

 

F-10


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company measures compensation expense for all stock-based awards at fair value on the date of grant and recognizes compensation expense over the service period on a straight-line basis for awards expected to vest.

 

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair value for stock options. In valuing the Company’s options, the Company makes assumptions about risk-free interest rates, dividend yields, volatility and weighted-average expected lives, including estimated forfeiture rates. Risk-free interest rates are derived from U.S. Treasury securities as of the option grant date. Expected dividend yield is based on the Company’s historical dividend payments, which have been zero to date. As the Company does not have public trading history for its common shares, the expected volatility for the Company’s common stock is estimated using the published historical volatilities of industry peers representing the verticals in which the Company operates. The Company estimates the weighted-average expected life of the options as the average of the vesting option schedule and the term of the award, since the Company does not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected term due to the limited period of time stock-based awards have been exercisable. The term of the award is estimated using the simplified method. Forfeiture rates are estimated using historical actual forfeiture trends as well as the Company’s judgment of future forfeitures. These rates are evaluated quarterly and any change in compensation expense is recognized in the period of the change. The estimation of stock awards that will ultimately vest requires judgment, and to the extent actual results or updated estimates differ from the Company’s current estimates, such amounts will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period the estimates are revised. The Company considers many factors when estimating expected forfeitures, including the types of awards and employee class. Actual results, and future changes in estimates, may differ substantially from management’s current estimates.

 

Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

 

The provision (benefit) for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated based upon the temporary differences between the financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using the enacted tax rates that are applicable in a given year.

 

The Company utilizes a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions (“tax contingencies”). The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount which is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company considers many factors when evaluating and estimating its tax positions and tax benefits, which may require periodic adjustments and which may not accurately forecast actual outcomes. The Company includes interest and penalties related to tax contingencies in the provision for income taxes in the consolidated statements of operations. See Note 9, “Income Taxes.” Management of the Company does not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly change in the next twelve months.

 

Seamless North America, LLC became a partnership for tax purposes in June of 2011. The income tax consequences of a partnership are borne by its partners. The tax consequences of this partnership were borne by Aramark and SLW Investors from June of 2011 through October 29, 2012. Starting October 30, 2012, 74% of the partnership’s taxable income is reflected as taxable income at Seamless Holdings, a subsidiary of GrubHub Inc. Starting on August 9, 2013, 100% of the partnership’s taxable income was recognized as taxable income by the Company. If Seamless North America, LLC had been taxed as a C corporation for all of its earnings throughout 2011, 2012, and 2013 the tax expense recorded in these statements of operations would have increased by $1,493, $2,665, and $876, respectively.

 

F-11


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

Intangible Assets

 

The Company accounts for intangible assets in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 350 Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (“Topic 350”). Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized using the straight-line method over their useful lives and are reviewed for impairment in accordance with Topic 350.

 

The Company evaluates intangible assets and other long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that they may not be recoverable or at least annually. Recoverability is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset group to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated. If this comparison indicates impairment, the amount of impairment to be recognized is calculated as the difference between the carrying value and the fair value of the asset group. There were no impairment indicators present during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013.

 

Website and Software Development Costs

 

The costs incurred in the preliminary stages of development are expensed as incurred. Once an application has reached the development stage, internal and external costs, if direct and incremental and deemed by management to be significant, are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Maintenance and enhancement costs, including those costs in the post-implementation stages, are typically expensed as incurred, unless such costs relate to substantial upgrades and enhancements to the website or software that result in added functionality, in which case the costs are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives. Amortization expense related to capitalized website and software development costs is included in depreciation and amortization. The Company capitalized $2,398, $2,280 and $2,592 of website development costs during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

 

Goodwill

 

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired business over the fair value of the assets acquired at the date of acquisition. Absent any special circumstances that could require an interim test, the Company has elected to test for goodwill impairment at September 30 of each year.

 

The Company tests for impairment using a two-step process. The first step of the goodwill impairment test identifies if there is potential goodwill impairment. If step one indicates that an impairment may exist, a second step is performed to measure the amount of the goodwill impairment, if any, by comparing the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying amount. If the implied goodwill is less than the carrying amount, a write-down is recorded. The Company has determined that there was no goodwill impairment as of December 31, 2012 and 2013.

 

Fair Value

 

Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The standards also establish a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

 

The Company applied the following methods and assumptions in estimating its fair value measurements:

 

Level 1

   Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

F-12


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

Level 2

   Assets and liabilities valued based on observable market data for similar instruments, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities.

Level 3

   Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity; instruments valued based on the best available data, some of which is internally developed, and considers risk premiums that a market participant would require.

 

The Company applied the following methods and assumptions in estimating its fair value measurements: Cash equivalents are comprised of highly liquid investments, including money market funds and certificates of deposit with original maturities of less than three months. The fair value measurement of these assets is based on quoted market prices in active markets and, therefore, these assets are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis and classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. Redeemable common stock consists of put rights the Company has granted to certain shareholders which requires common shares to be repurchased at fair value determined by the redemption date. The fair value measurement of redeemable common stock is based on level 3 inputs which are defined in the fair value hierarchy as noted above. Accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value due to their generally short-term maturities.

 

The following tables present the balances of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates presented at December 31, 2012 and 2013 (in thousands).

 

     As of
December 31,
 

Fair Value

   2012      2013  

Cash equivalents

   $ —        $ 4,200   

 

The Company did not have any assets measured on a recurring basis using Level 2 or Level 3 inputs at December 31, 2012 or December 31, 2013. There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2013.

 

The following schedule represents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2013. The Redeemable common stock fair value was prepared based on the required redemption at the most recent fair value of the common stock.

 

     Fair value
(in thousands)
   Valuation
technique
   Unobservable
input
   Range

Redeemable common stock

   $18,415    Probability Weighted
Expected Return

Method

   Discount rate of
15.3% Lack of
Marketability–14.9%
per common share
   Based on computed
estimated fair value

 

Concentration of Credit Risk

 

Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of accounts receivable. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the Company had no customers which accounted for more than 10% of revenue or accounts receivable.

 

F-13


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

Revenue Recognition

 

In general, the Company recognizes revenue when (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered to the customer, (iii) the fee is fixed or determinable and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured. The Company considers a signed agreement, a binding contract with the restaurant or other similar documentation reflecting the terms and conditions under which products or services will be provided to be persuasive evidence of an arrangement.

 

The Company generates revenues primarily when diners place an order on our platform through our websites, our mobile applications, third-party websites that incorporate our API or one of our listed phone numbers. Restaurants pay us a commission, typically a percentage of the transaction, on orders that are processed through our platform. Most of our restaurants can choose their level of commission rate, at or above our base rates, to affect their relative priority in our sorting algorithms, with restaurants paying higher commission rates generally appearing higher in the search order than restaurants paying lower commission rates. Some restaurants on our platform pay a monthly system fee for better branding and more robust placement. Because we are acting as an agent of the merchant in the transaction, we recognize as revenues only our commissions from the transaction, which are a percentage of the total Gross Food Sales for such transaction.

 

The Company periodically provides incentive offers to restaurants and diners to use our platform. These promotions are generally cash credits to be applied against purchases. We record these incentive offers as reductions in revenues, generally on the date we record the corresponding revenue.

 

Revenues from online and phone delivery orders are recognized when these orders are placed at the restaurants. The amount of revenue recorded by the Company is based on the contractual arrangement with the related restaurant, and is adjusted for any cash credits, including incentive offers provided to restaurants and diners, related to the transaction. Although the Company will process the entire amount of the transaction with the diner, it will record its revenue on a net basis because the Company is acting as an agent of the merchant in the transaction. The Company will record an amount representing the restaurant food liability for the net balance due the restaurant.

 

Deferred Rent

 

For the Company’s operating leases, the Company recognizes rent expenses on a straight-line basis over the terms of the leases. Accordingly, the Company records the difference between cash rent payments and the recognition of rent expenses as a deferred rent liability. The Company has landlord-funded leasehold improvements that are recorded as tenant allowances which are being amortized as a reduction of rent expense over the noncancelable terms of the operating leases.

 

Segments

 

The Company has one reportable segment. Our reportable segment has been identified based on how our chief operating decision maker manages our business, makes operating decisions and evaluates operating performance.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), which amended existing rules covering fair value measurement and disclosure to clarify guidance and minimize differences between GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). The guidance requires entities to

 

F-14


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

provide information about valuation techniques and unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements and provide a narrative description of the sensitivity of Level 3 measurements to changes in unobservable inputs. The guidance is effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2012. The adoption of this guidance did not have any impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income, which requires an entity to present total comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements and eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. The Company early adopted this guidance on January 1, 2012, retrospectively.

 

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-08, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350). The amended guidance will allow companies to assess qualitative factors to determine if it is more-likely-than-not that goodwill might be impaired and whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test required. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2012. The adoption of this accounting standard update does not have any material impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.

 

In February 2013, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2013-02 “Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” ASU No. 2013-02 requires an entity to disaggregate the total change of each component of other comprehensive income either on the face of the income statement or as a separate disclosure in the notes. The new guidance became effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012 and is applied prospectively. The Company adopted this guidance during the year ended December 31, 2013, and the adoption did not have any impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows as the amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are not significant.

 

In July 2013, the FASB issued a new accounting standard update on the financial statement presentation of unrecognized tax benefits. The new guidance provides that a liability related to an unrecognized tax benefit would be presented as a reduction of a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss or a tax credit carryforward if such settlement is required or expected in the event the uncertain tax position is disallowed. The new guidance becomes effective for the Company on January 1, 2014 and it should be applied prospectively to unrecognized tax benefits that exist at the effective date with retrospective application permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impacts of this new guidance.

 

3. Acquisitions

 

GrubHub Holdings Inc.

 

On August 8, 2013, the Company acquired all of the equity interests of each of Seamless North America, LLC, Seamless Holdings and GrubHub Holdings Inc. pursuant to the Reorganization Agreement. In February 2014, GrubHub, Inc. changed its name to GrubHub Holdings Inc. The Company issued 23,318,580 shares of common stock and 8,098,430 shares of preferred stock to GrubHub Holdings Inc. in exchange for all of GrubHub Holdings Inc.’s equity interests (“the Merger”). The Company concluded that Seamless Holdings was deemed the acquirer for financial reporting purposes based on key deciding factors such as a majority ownership and majority of the board of director seats. Accordingly, the acquisition of GrubHub Holdings Inc. has been accounted for as a business combination. The results of operations of GrubHub Holdings Inc. have been included

 

F-15


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

in the Company’s financial statements since August 9, 2013. GrubHub Holdings Inc. provides online food ordering through its website grubhub.com, and also operates allmenus.com, a website that stores and displays approximately 275,000 menus.

 

The fair value of the equity issued to GrubHub Holdings Inc. in connection with the Merger was approximately $421.5 million. The value of the equity was determined using the estimated fair value of GrubHub Holdings Inc.’s stock at the merger date based on a valuation of GrubHub Holdings Inc. conducted by management. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their estimated fair values as of August 8, 2013. Included as part of the $421.5 million value is approximately $11.0 million which represents the fair value of the replacement awards using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model that were attributed to the pre-combination service period for GrubHub Holdings Inc. option holders (Note 8, “Stock-Based Compensation”). $12.5 million of post combination expense is expected to be recognized post-Merger, which represents the unrecognized compensation expense related to GrubHub Holdings Inc. stock options.

 

Goodwill is measured as of the acquisition date as the residual of consideration transferred, and the acquisition date fair value of the assets acquired, including identified intangibles and the liabilities assumed. Goodwill relates to the Company’s opportunity to expand existing markets and access new customers and to create revenue and cost synergies which management believes will contribute to future profits. The goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes.

 

The Company incurred certain expenses directly and indirectly related to the Merger. These expenses totaled $4.7 million through December 31, 2013 and are included in general and administrative expenses within the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

The following table summarizes the acquisition-date fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired in connection with the GrubHub Holdings Inc. business combination (in thousands):

 

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 13,266   

Accounts receivable

     2,108   

Other identifiable assets

     4,422   

Customer and vendor relationships

     167,450   

Deferred tax asset

     4,013   

Deferred tax liability

     (88,937

Developed technology

     5,143   

Goodwill

     239,346   

Liabilities assumed

     (10,602

Trademarks

     85,276   
  

 

 

 

Total net assets acquired

   $ 421,485   
  

 

 

 

 

The estimated fair value of the intangible assets acquired was determined based on a combination of the income, cost, and market approaches to measure the fair value of the customer (restaurant) relationships, developed technology and know-how and the trademarks. The fair value of the trademarks was measured based on the relief from royalty method. The cost approach, specifically the cost to recreate method, was used to value the developed technology and know-how. The income approach, specifically the multi-period excess earnings method, was used to value the customer (restaurant) relationships.

 

These fair value measurements were based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represent Level 3 measurements under the fair value hierarchy.

 

F-16


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

The results of operations related to GrubHub Holdings Inc. have been included in the Company’s financial statements since August 9, 2013. The amount of revenues and net loss included in the Company’s operating results since the acquisition date through December 31, 2013 were $26.3 million and $(3.6) million, respectively.

 

Pro forma financial information for the acquisition accounted for as a business combination is presented below. The pro forma adjustments reflect the additional amortization that would have been recognized on the intangible assets, replacement stock option awards compensation cost for services performed after the merger, elimination of transaction costs incurred and pro forma tax adjustment. The following unaudited pro forma information presents a summary of the operating results of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2013 as if GrubHub Inc. had acquired GrubHub Holdings Inc. as of January 1, 2012 and January 1, 2013, respectively (in thousands):

 

     December 31, 2012
Pro forma combined
 
     (unaudited)  

Revenues

   $ 118,854   

Net loss

   $ (17,028

 

     December 31, 2013
Pro forma combined
 
     (unaudited)  

Revenues

   $ 170,086   

Net income

   $ 4,160   

 

4. Related Party Transactions

 

Note Receivable

 

On December 31, 2011, the Company loaned Aramark $16.0 million and entered into a note receivable with an interest rate of 3.4% per annum. The note was paid in full along with the accumulated accrued interest in January 2012. Additionally during 2012, the Company made short-term advances to Aramark, which were also repaid in 2012.

 

Due to Related Party

 

During 2012 and 2013, the Company had a cash management program with Aramark whereby all payroll and related costs were funded by Aramark and all cumulative excess cash balances were deposited with Aramark. At December 31, 2012, and 2013, the balances due to Aramark were $0.2 million and $0, respectively. The program was terminated during 2013.

 

Corporate Service Agreement

 

The Company had an arrangement with Aramark pursuant to which the latter would provide support for certain corporate, accounting, information technology and other administrative services. Total expenses under this arrangement for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012, and 2013 were $0.6 million, $0.4 million, and $0.1 million, respectively. The arrangement has been terminated in 2013.

 

F-17


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

 

The following tables present the detail of intangible assets as of the dates presented (in thousands):

 

     Useful Lives    Amounts      Accumulated
Amortization
    Carrying
Value
 

December 31, 2012

          

Customer and vendor relationships, databases

   1 to 15 years    $ 24,529       $ (11,462   $ 13,067   

Trademarks

   Indefinite      4,400         —          4,400   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 
      $ 28,929       $ (11,462   $ 17,467   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

     Useful Lives    Amounts      Accumulated
Amortization
    Carrying
Value
 

December 31, 2013

          

Developed technology

   3 years    $ 5,143       $ (677   $ 4,466   

Customer and vendor relationships, databases

   1 to 16.4 years      191,979         (17,680     174,299   

Trademarks

   Indefinite      89,676         —          89,676   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 
      $ 286,798       $ (18,357   $ 268,441   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Amortization expense recorded for intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 was $2.0 million, $2.5 million and $6.9 million, respectively. These amounts are included in depreciation and amortization in the consolidated statements of operations. The remaining weighted average amortization period as of December 31, 2103 was 15.0 years. Amortization is recorded on a straight-line basis.

 

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows (in thousands):

 

Date

   Balance  

December 31, 2011

   $ 113,442   

Additions

     —     
  

 

 

 

December 31, 2012

     113,442   

Acquisition of GrubHub Holdings Inc.

     239,346   
  

 

 

 

December 31, 2013

   $ 352,788   
  

 

 

 

 

Estimated future amortization expense for intangible asset as of December 31, 2013 is as follows (in thousands):

 

2014

   $ 14,102   

2015

     14,102   

2016

     13,202   

2017

     12,068   

2018

     12,068   

Beyond

     113,223   
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 178,765   
  

 

 

 

 

F-18


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

6. Property and Equipment, Net

 

The following table presents the detail of property and equipment as of the dates presented (in thousands):

 

     As of December 31,  
     2012     2013  

Computer equipment

   $ 5,612      $ 9,739   

Furniture and fixtures

     1,645        2,176   

Developed software

     11,470        13,930   

Purchased software

     —          2,124   

Leasehold improvement

     5,194        6,120   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Property and equipment

     23,921        34,089   

Less accumulated amortization and depreciation

     (10,580     (16,993
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

   $ 13,341      $ 17,096   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

The Company recorded amortization and depreciation expense related to property and equipment other than developed software for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 of $0.9 million, $2.0 million, and $4.0 million, respectively.

 

For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2013, the Company capitalized $2.3 million and $2.6 million, respectively, in developed software. Amortization expense for developed software costs included in depreciation and amortization in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 totaled $1.1 million, $1.6 million and $2.6 million, respectively.

 

7. Commitments and Contingencies

 

Office Facility Leases

 

The Company has various operating lease agreements which expire at various dates through June 2022. The terms of the lease agreements provide for rental payments on a graduated basis. The Company recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease period.

 

Rental expense, principally for leased office space under operating lease commitments, was $1.9 million, $2.2 million and $2.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

 

Future minimum lease payments under these leases as of December 31, 2013 are as follows (in thousands):

 

2014

   $ 3,737   

2015

     3,780   

2016

     3,467   

2017

     2,939   

2018

     1,750   

Thereafter

     6,123   
  

 

 

 

Total minimum lease payments

   $ 21,796   
  

 

 

 

 

F-19


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

Legal

 

In August 2011, Ameranth filed a patent infringement action against a number of defendants, including GrubHub Holdings Inc., in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California (the “Court”), Case No. 3:11-cv-1810 (“’1810 action”). In September 2011, Ameranth amended its complaint in the ’1810 action to also accuse Seamless North America, LLC of infringement. Ameranth alleged that the GrubHub Holdings Inc. and Seamless North America, LLC ordering systems, products and services infringe claims 12 and 15 of U.S. Patent No. 6,384,850 (“’850 patent”) and claims 11 through 15 of U.S. Patent No. 6,871,325 (“’325 patent”).

 

In March 2012, Ameranth initiated eight additional actions for infringement of a third, related patent, U.S. Patent No. 8,146,077 (“’077 patent”), in the same forum, including separate actions against GrubHub Holdings Inc., Case No. 3:12-cv-739 (“’739 action”), and Seamless, Case No. 3:12-cv-737 (“’737 action”). In August 2012, the Court severed the claims against GrubHub Holdings Inc. and Seamless North America, LLC in the ’1810 action and consolidated them with the ’739 and ’737 actions, respectively. Later, the Court consolidated these separate cases against GrubHub Holdings Inc. and Seamless North America, LLC, along with the approximately 40 other cases Ameranth filed in the same district, with the original ’1810 action. In their answers, GrubHub Holdings Inc. and Seamless North America, LLC denied infringement and interposed various defenses, including non-infringement, invalidity, unenforceability and inequitable conduct.

 

On November 26, 2013, the consolidated case was stayed pending the disposition of petitions for post-grant review of all the patents in the suit. These petitions were filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “PTO”) under the new Transitional Program for Covered Business Method Patents (the “CBM proceedings”). The CBM proceedings could potentially result in the cancellation of the asserted claims as invalid based on lack of a written description, indefiniteness or non-statutory subject matter. Pending the outcome of the CBM proceedings, the court has vacated all discovery deadlines and Early Neutral Evaluation Conferences, with a new schedule to be set after a final decision by the PTO.

 

No trial date has been set for this case. The Company believes this case lacks merit and that it has strong defenses to all of the infringement claims. The Company intends to defend the suit vigorously. However, the Company is unable to predict the likelihood of success of Ameranth’s infringement claims and is unable to predict the likelihood of success of its counterclaims. The Company has not recorded an accrual related to this lawsuit as of December 31, 2012 and 2013, as it does not believe a material loss is probable. It is a reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred; however, the possible range of loss is not estimable given the early stage of the dispute and the uncertainty as to whether the claims at issue are with or without merit, will be settled out of court, or will be determined in the Company’s favor, whether the Company may be required to expend significant management time and financial resources on the defense of such claims, and whether the Company will be able to recover any losses under its insurance policies.

 

In addition to the matters described above, from time to time, the Company is involved in various other legal proceedings arising from the normal course of business activities.

 

Indemnification

 

In connection with the Merger, the Company agreed to indemnify Aramark Holdings for negative income tax consequences associated with the October 2012 spin-off of Seamless Holdings that are the result of certain actions taken by us, including our solicitation of acquirers to purchase us prior to October 29, 2014, and in certain other instances subject to a $15 million limitation. Management is not aware of any actions that would impact the indemnification obligation.

 

F-20


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

Restructuring

 

On November 20, 2013 the Company announced plans to close its Sandy, Utah office location in 2014. The Company recorded $0.2 million of severance and payroll related benefits as a result of the restructuring announcement during the year ended December 31, 2013 which is recorded as a restructuring accrual on the consolidated balance sheet. This amount represents the service vesting requirements for identified employees as they have to work up through closure date of the facility. The Company estimates that total restructuring costs to be incurred will be approximately $1.2 million. Costs relating to the restructuring accrual have been recorded under general and administrative expense in the December 31, 2013 statement of operations.

 

The following tables summarize the Company’s restructuring activity during 2013

 

Restructuring reserve balance at December 31, 2012

   $  —     

Restructuring expense

     0.2  

Cash payments

     —     
  

 

 

 

Restructuring reserve balance at December 31, 2013

   $ 0.2   
  

 

 

 

 

8. Stock-Based Compensation

 

During 2011, the Company established a stock incentive plan (“the Plan”). The Plan allows the Company to grant stock options to individuals or groups of individuals as specified in the Plan. The exercise price of stock options cannot be less than the fair value of the common stock at the time of the grant, and the stock options generally expire ten years after the date of issuance. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model that uses the assumptions noted in the table below. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatilities of comparable publicly traded companies. The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercise and employee termination within the valuation model. Separate groups of employees that have similar historical exercise behavior are considered separately for valuation purposes. The expected term of the award is estimated using a simplified method. The fair value at grant date was determined considering the performance of the Company at the grant date as well as future growth and profitability expectations by applying market and income approaches. The risk-free rate for the period within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

 

As part of the Reorganization Agreement, the Company was required to replace GrubHub Holdings Inc.’s share based payment awards. The Company determined the fair value of the replacement awards at the time of the Merger. The fair value based measure of the replacement awards that was attributable to pre-combination services was approximately $11.0 million, and was included as part of the purchase price of $421.5 million, as additional consideration transferred in the business combination. The Company also determined that the fair value based measure of the replacement options attributable to post combination services was approximately $12.5 million. The fair value of the post combination services replacement awards will be recognized as compensation cost in the Company’s post-Merger consolidated financial statements over the remaining vesting period.

 

The following assumptions were utilized for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012, and 2013:

 

     December 31,  
     2011     2012     2013  

Weighted average fair value options granted

     1.09        1.46        3.97   

Average risk-free interest rate

     1.21     0.87     1.41

Expected stock price volatilities

     60.40     54.80     50.7

Dividend yield

     None        None        None   

Expected stock option life

     6.08        6.11        5.20   

 

F-21


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

The options vest over different lengths of time depending upon the grantee. Compensation expense is recorded over the vesting period. The Company recorded compensation expense of $0.8 million, $2.6 million and $4.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

 

There is no active external or internal market for the Company’s shares. Thus, it was not possible to estimate the expected volatility of the Company’s share price in estimating fair value of options granted. Accordingly, as a substitute for such volatility, the Company used the historical volatility of comparable companies.

 

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity is as follows:

 

     Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2011  
     Options     Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
     Average
Intrinsic
Value
     Weighted
Average
Exercise Term
 

Outstanding at beginning of period

     —          N/A         

Granted

     3,992,500      $ 3.80         

Forfeited

     (135,000     3.80         

Exercised

     —          N/A         

Expired

     —          N/A         

Outstanding at end of period

     3,875,500      $ 3.80       $ 2,003,300         9.79   

Vested and expected to vest at end of period

     3,310,894        3.80         1,721,665         9.73   

Exercisable at end of period

     2,344        3.80         1,219         9.70   

 

     Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2012  
     Options     Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
     Average
Intrinsic
Value
     Weighted
Average
Exercise Term
 

Outstanding at beginning of period

     3,857,500      $ 3.80         

Granted

     1,619,167        5.16         

Forfeited

     (541,799     3.88         

Exercised

     (29,860     3.80         

Expired

     —          N/A         

Outstanding at end of period

     4,905,008      $ 4.24       $ 8,631,543         9.37   

Vested and expected to vest at end of period

     4,323,108        4.22         7,687,478         9.41   

Exercisable at end of period

     1,222,222        3.80         2,688,888         9.41   

 

     Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2013  
     Options     Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
     Average
Intrinsic
Value
     Weighted
Average
Exercise Term
 

Outstanding at beginning of period

     4,905,008      $ 4.24         

Granted

     3,698,708        3.78         

Forfeited

     (458,204     4.40         

Exercised

     (475,959     3.04         

Expired

     —          N/A         

Outstanding at end of period

     7,669,553      $ 4.08       $ 56,844,465         8.29   

Vested and expected to vest at end of period

     7,193,713        4.02         53,869,571         8.27   

Exercisable at end of period

     3,081,017        3.64         24,196,892         8.18   

 

F-22


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

The Company has computed the aggregate intrinsic value amounts disclosed in the above tables based on the difference between the original exercise price of the options and the fair value of the Company’s common stock as of December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013. The aggregate intrinsic value of awards exercised during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012, and 2013 was $0.0 million, $0.07 million and $3.4 million, respectively.

 

The options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2013 have been segregated into ranges for additional disclosure as follows:

 

Exercise Price

   Outstanding
on
December 31,
2013 (1)
     Weighted
Average
Remaining

Term
     Vested and
Expected to

Vest on
December 31,
2013
     Weighted
Average
Exercise Term
     Exercisable
on
December  31,
2013
     Weighted
Average
Exercise Term
 

$0.06

     8,554         4.96         8,554         4.96         8,554         4.96   

0.08

     97,715         5.48         97,665         5.48         97,714         5.48   

0.44

     87,907         6.55         87,676         6.55         66,509         6.51   

0.78

     184,112         6.89         176,262         6.89         28,563         7.02   

0.90

     300,351         7.35         278,730         7.35         121,565         7.38   

2.00

     1,299,162         8.11         1,135,005         8.10         347,269         7.94   

2.62

     50,000         7.81         50,000         7.81         50,000         7.81   

3.80

     3,052,232         8.44         3,136,806         8.41         1,781,237         8.43   

4.62

     51,155         8.46         41,264         8.46         18,974         8.46   

5.06

     86,271         8.57         73,234         8.57         2,346         8.58   

5.08

     132,950         8.63         109,615         8.63         45,188         8.63   

5.20

     444,948         7.95         358,295         7.92         173,406         7.97   

5.60

     1,133,750         8.50         1,028,040         8.55         202,343         8.54   

6.20

     159,249         8.85         135,000         8.55         21,175         8.81   

6.22

     125         8.87         113         8.87         —           N/A   

8.40

     200,845         9.14         184,171         9.13         104,602         9.08   

8.42

     107,477         9.10         86,429         9.10         11,572         9.06   

10.82

     244,000         9.30         187,477         9.31         —           N/A   

11.50

     28,750         9.93         19,377         9.93         —           N/A   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     7,669,553         8.29         7,193,713         8.27         3,081,017         8.18   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)   Includes 138,605 shares of restricted common stock owned by officers of the Company that contain forfeiture provisions.

 

On January 31, 2014, the Company granted an additional 882,500 options.

 

As of December 31, 2013, total unrecognized compensation costs, adjusted for estimated forfeitures, related to non-vested stock options was $16.6 million and is expected to be recognized over an average of the next 2.4 years.

 

9. Income Taxes

 

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal, the United Kingdom and various state jurisdictions. The Company’s primary operating unit is Seamless North America, LLC, which was incorporated in 1999 as a taxable C-Corporation, and acquired by Aramark in April of 2006. The Company was converted to a single member limited liability company (“LLC”) in April of 2007. In June of 2011, the entity was converted into a partnership for tax purposes upon the sale of a 26% interest to SLW Investors. In October of 2012, Aramark spun off its interest in Seamless North America, LLC by contributing the partnership interest to a newly formed

 

F-23


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

C-Corporation, Seamless Holdings, and distributing those shares to the shareholders of Aramark. The income taxes paid on behalf of Seamless North America, LLC by Aramark, while it was a single member LLC, have been reflected as income tax expense and as contributed capital for the period prior to the sale to SLW Investors in June of 2011. On that date, the Company recorded tax benefits of approximately $8.1 million relating to the reversal of existing deferred tax liabilities relating to the C-Corporation and a recognition of a deferred tax asset at the partnership level relating to tax status of the underlying LLC. A deferred tax liability of approximately $8.2 million was assumed by Seamless Holdings at the time it was spun off from Aramark in October of 2012. This liability was reflected as an offset to equity, as part of the spin off.

 

The income tax provision (benefit) is comprised of the following (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2012      2013  

Current:

       

Federal

   $ 1,514      $ 316       $ 2,912   

State

     893        132         3,056   

Foreign

     424        365         468   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current

     2,831        813         6,436   

Deferred:

       

Federal

     (4,493     —           1,300   

State

     (3,558     —           406   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred

     (8,051     —           1,706   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total income tax expense

   $ (5,220   $ 813       $ 8,142   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

Income before income taxes is as follows (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2012      2013  

Domestic source

   $ 8,506       $ 7,153       $ 12,986   

Foreign source

     1,485         1,579         1,903   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Income before income tax

   $ 9,991       $ 8,732       $ 14,889   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

The following is a reconciliation of income taxes computed at the U.S. federal statutory rate to the income taxes reported in the consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2012     2013  

Tax at statutory rate

   $ 3,497      $ 3,056      $ 5,211   

State income taxes

     622        251        2,522   

Nondeductible transaction costs

     —          —          1,148   

Tax benefit of partnership status

     (1,239     (2,211     (726

Tax impact of change in tax status of LLC

     (7,956     —          —     

Valuation allowance reversal

     —          —          (502

Foreign rate differential

     (96     (188     (220

All other

     (48     (95     709   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total provision (benefit) for income taxes

   $ (5,220   $ 813      $ 8,142   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-24


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

The tax effects of temporary differences giving rise to deferred income tax assets and liabilities were (in thousands):

 

     As of December 31,  
     2012     2013  

Deferred tax assets:

    

Loss and credit carryforwards

   $ 1,157      $ 16,606   

Accrued expenses

     26        620   

Intangible assets

     592        —     

Share-based compensation

     111        5,200   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total deferred tax assets

     1,886        22,426   

Deferred tax (liabilities):

    

Fixed assets

   $ (241   $ (1,145

Intangible assets

     —          (105,435

Investment in partnership

     (8,150     (1,751
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total deferred tax (liabilities)

     (8,391     (108,331

(Less) valuation allowance

     (504     (902
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net deferred tax asset (liability)

   $ (7,009   $ (86,807
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Classification of net deferred tax assets (liabilities) on the consolidated balance sheet is as follows (in thousands):

 

     As of December 31,  
     2012     2013  

Current assets

   $ 26      $ 3,688   

Non-current assets

     —          —     

Non-current (liabilities)

     (7,035     (90,495
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total deferred tax asset (liabilities)

   $ (7,009   $ (86,807
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

During 2013, the Company reversed the $0.5 million valuation allowance it previously established against the net deferred tax assets of its subsidiary, Slick City Media, Inc., as the Company now believes that it is more likely than not that these assets will be utilized, based on projected future income levels. The NOL carryover of this subsidiary, which was acquired in October of 2011, as well as the NOL and credit carryovers of GrubHub Holdings Inc., which was acquired on August 8, 2013, are subject to Section 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code, which places limits on the utilization of acquired NOL and credit carryovers. Based on preliminary analysis performed by the Company, it does not believe that Sections 382 and 383 will significantly delay the utilization of these subsidiaries’ NOL and credit carryovers. A partial valuation reserve of $0.9 million is recorded at December 31, 2013 against certain state only credits as those credits have a short carryover period and the Company believes that this portion of the credit carryovers will more likely than not expire before they are utilized.

 

The Company has not provided U.S. income tax on the accumulated earnings of approximately $5.1 million of its UK subsidiary, Seamless Europe, Ltd., as it intends to permanently reinvest those undistributed earnings into future operations in that country. We estimate the potential additional U.S. tax liabilities that would result from the complete repatriation of those accumulated earnings to be approximately $0.8 million.

 

F-25


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

The Company had the following tax loss and credit carryforwards as of December 31, 2012 and 2013:

 

     2012      2013      Years of
Expiration:
Beginning
 
     (in thousands)  

U.S. federal loss carryforwards

   $ 3,380       $ 34,297         2027   

U.S. state and local loss carryforwards

     3,380         36,201         2027   

U.S. contribution carryforwards

     —           85         2015   

Illinois Edge Credits

     —           1,075         2017   

U.S. R&D Credits

     —           53         2031   

U.S. Alternative Minimum Tax Credit carryover

     8         240         No expiration   

 

In addition to the federal and state NOL carryforwards shown above, the Company has $3.7 million in additional loss carryovers attributable to excess tax benefits on stock option exercises that will be recorded to additional paid-in capital when those losses are deemed utilized applying the “with and without” method of accounting for excess tax benefits.

 

The Company is not currently under examination in any taxing jurisdiction, and its tax returns are subject to the normal statute of limitations, three years form the filing date for federal income tax purposes. The federal and state statute of limitations generally remain open for years in which tax losses are generated until three years from the year those losses are utilized. Under these rules, the 2006 and later NOLs of Slick City Media, Inc. are still subject to audit by the IRS and state and local jurisdictions. Also, the 1999 and later year NOLs of GrubHub Holdings Inc. and its acquired businesses are still subject to audit by the IRS and state and local jurisdictions. The September 30, 2010 and later UK returns of Seamless Europe Ltd. are subject to exam by the UK tax authorities.

 

The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S. federal and various state jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes and recording the related income tax assets and liabilities. The Company’s practice for accounting for uncertainty in income taxes is to recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not criteria, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority.

 

The following table summarized the Company’s unrecognized tax benefit activity, excluding the related accrual for interest (in thousands):

 

     December 31,  
     2013      2012  

Balance at beginning of year

   $ —         $ —     

Increase in positions relating to prior periods

     166         —     

Increases in positions taken in the current period

     931         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance at end of year

   $ 1,097       $ —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

The Company records interest and penalties, if any, as a component of its income tax expenses. The non-current income tax liabilities are recorded in other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. At December 31, 2013, the Company did not anticipate any significant adjustments to its unrecognized tax benefits

 

F-26


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

caused by the settlement of tax examinations or other factors, within the next twelve months. Included in the balance sheet at December 31, 2013 were deferred tax assets that relate to the potential settlement of these unrecognized tax benefits. After consideration of these amounts, $0.5 million and $0 of the amount accrued at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, would impact the effective tax rate, if reversed.

 

10. Stockholders’ Equity

 

The Company is authorized to issue two classes of stock: common stock and Series A preferred stock. Each share of Series A preferred stock is convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, into common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment as defined in the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation. In addition, all shares of preferred stock automatically convert into common stock, on a one-for-one basis, upon the closing of an initial public offering assuming the Company raises at least $60 million. As of December 31, 2013, 19,284,113 shares of common stock would have been required to be issued if all of the issued and outstanding shares of Series A preferred stock were converted. The Company entered into a stockholders agreement in 2013 with certain shareholders. The agreement provides restrictions on the sale, issuance or transfer of shares that prevent stockholders from transferring their shares without the majority consent of these shareholders.

 

Common Stock

 

Each holder of common stock will have one vote per share of common stock held on all matters that are submitted for stockholder vote. Upon liquidation, the common stock will be junior to the rights and preferences of the Series A preferred stock. At December 31, 2012 and 2013, there were 31,349,771 and 165,000,000 shares of common stock authorized, respectively. The Company increased the number of authorized shares at the time of the Merger. At December 31, 2012, there were 31,349,771 shares issued and 31,218,164 shares outstanding. At December 31, 2013, there were 53,757,437 shares issued and outstanding. The Company held 131,607 shares as treasury shares for the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

Series A Preferred Stock

 

In the event of a liquidation event, the holders of Series A preferred stock will be entitled to receive pari passu to each other, and prior in preference to any distribution of any assets of the Company to the holders of common stock. The Series A preferred stock will have a liquidation preference of an amount per share equal to the original Series A preferred stock issue price. The aggregate liquidation preference of the Series A preferred stock as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 was approximately $50.0 million and $86.2 million, respectively.

 

Redeemable Common Stock

 

There are 1,344,236 shares of common stock that have put rights that would require the Company to repurchase these shares at fair value determined at the redemption date. As the redemption price is equivalent to the fair value of the instrument, the Company will adjust the carrying value of the redeemable common stock to its fair value with an adjustment to equity. Since issuance in August 2013, the fair value of the redeemable common stock has increased by $3.9 million to $18.4 million at December 31, 2013. The Company has an annual redemption limit of $4.0 million. These put rights terminate upon an initial public offering of the Company’s common stock.

 

11. Retirement Plan

 

Beginning February 1, 2012, the Company maintained a defined contribution plan for employees. The plan is qualified under section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. From February 1, 2012 to September 30, 2012, the Company matched 67% of the first 6% of eligible contributions. From October 1, 2012 to December 31,

 

F-27


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

2013, the Company matched 100% of the first 3% of employees’ contributions and 50% of the next 2% of employees’ contributions that were made. The Company may also make discretionary profit sharing contributions as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company’s matching contributions to the plan were $0.0, $0.3 and $0.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

 

12. Net Income Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

 

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period without consideration for common stock equivalents. Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period and potentially dilutive common stock equivalents, except in cases where the effect of the common stock equivalent would be antidilutive. Potential common stock equivalents consist of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options using the treasury stock method and common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A preferred stock.

 

The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net income per share as of December 31 (in thousands, except per share data):

 

     For the Year Ended December 31, 2011  
     Income
(Numerator)
    Shares
(Denominator)
     Per  Share
Amount
 
       

Net income

   $ 15,211        

Dividends on Preferred Stock

     (334     
  

 

 

      

Basic EPS

       

Net income attributable to common stockholders

     14,877        31,320       $ 0.48   
       

 

 

 

Effect of Dilutive Securities

       

Dividends on Preferred Stock

     334        11,185      

Stock options

     —          —        
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

Diluted EPS

       

Net income attributable to common stockholders plus assumed conversions

   $ 15,211        42,505       $ 0.36   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-28


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

     For the Year Ended December 31, 2012  
     Income
(Numerator)
    Shares
(Denominator)
     Per  Share
Amount
 
       

Net income

   $ 7,919        

Dividends on Preferred Stock

     (402     
  

 

 

      

Basic EPS

       

Net income attributable to common stockholders

     7,517        31,320       $ 0.24   
       

 

 

 

Effect of Dilutive Securities

       

Dividends on Preferred Stock

     402        11,185      

Stock options

     —          161      
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

Diluted EPS

       

Net income attributable to common stockholders plus assumed conversions

   $ 7,919        42,666       $ 0.19   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     For the Year Ended December 31, 2013  
     Income
(Numerator)
    Shares
(Denominator)
     Per  Share
Amount
 
       

Net income

   $ 6,747        

Dividends on Preferred Stock

     (1,073     
  

 

 

      

Basic EPS

       

Net income attributable to common stockholders

     5,674        40,681       $ 0.14   
       

 

 

 

Effect of Dilutive Securities

       

Dividends on Preferred Stock

     1,073        14,390      

Stock options

     —          1,574      
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

Diluted EPS

       

Net income attributable to common stockholders plus assumed conversions

   $ 6,747        56,645       $ 0.12   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012, and 2013, 3,857,500, 1,330,521, and 477,452 shares of common stock underlying stock options, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders because their effect would have been antidilutive.

 

In the event of liquidation, dissolution, distribution of assets or winding-up of the Company, the holders of common stock have rights to receive all the assets of the Company after the rights of the holders of the Series A preferred stock have been satisfied.

 

Pro Forma Net Income per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

 

Pro forma basic and diluted net income per share were computed to give effect to the conversion of the convertible preferred stock (using the if-converted method) into common stock as though the conversion had occurred on the dates of issuance and to give effect to the provision for income taxes during the period when the Company was a pass through entity for tax purposes.

 

F-29


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB SEAMLESS INC.)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 

 

The following table presents the calculation of pro forma basic and diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders (in thousands, except per share data):

 

     Year Ended
December 31,  2013
 
     (unaudited)  

Net income attributable to common stockholders

   $ 5,674   

Adjustment to income tax provision to reflect estimated income tax expense for period when company was a pass-through entity for tax purposes

     —     

Dividends on preferred stock

     1,073   
  

 

 

 

Pro forma net income

   $ 6,747   

Weighted average shares used to compute basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders

     40,681   

Adjustment for assumed conversion of preferred stock to common stock

     14,390   
  

 

 

 

Weighted average shares used to compute diluted net income per share

     55,071   

Dilutive effect of stock options

     1,574   
  

 

 

 

Weighted average shares used to compute diluted pro forma net income per share

     56,645   
  

 

 

 

Pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders

  
  

 

 

 

Basic

   $ 0.12   

Diluted

   $ 0.12   

 

13. Subsequent Events

 

We have evaluated events and transactions occurring subsequent to the balance sheet date as of December 31, 2013 through February 10, 2014, the date on which the financial statements were issued, for items that should be recognized or disclosed in these consolidated financial statements.

 

The share and per share amounts for all periods presented reflect the completion of the Company’s 1-for-2 reverse stock split, which the Company expects to effect prior to the consummation of this offering. The reverse stock split will convert each block of two shares issued and outstanding into one share, subject to fractional share adjustments. No fractional shares will be issued in connection with the reverse stock split. Any fractional shares resulting from the reverse stock split will be rounded up to the nearest whole share.

 

F-30


Table of Contents

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of GrubHub Holdings Inc.

 

We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of GrubHub Holdings Inc. (formerly known as GrubHub, Inc.) as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of GrubHub Holdings Inc. (formerly known as GrubHub, Inc.) at December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

/s/ Crowe Horwath LLP

 

Oak Brook, Illinois

February 18, 2013

 

F-31


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Balance Sheets

 

(In thousands, except share data)

 

     December 31,     June  30,
2013
 
     2011     2012    
                 (unaudited)  

ASSETS

      

CURRENT ASSETS:

      

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 22,184      $ 18,708      $ 17,253   

Credit card receivables, net

     1,496        1,860        4,120   

Accounts receivable-other

     365        303        112   

Prepaid expenses

     577        1,146        504   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     24,622        22,017        21,989   

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT:

      

Net property and equipment

     1,163        3,975        4,417   

OTHER ASSETS:

      

Other assets

     149        570        547   

Goodwill

     38,708        38,708        38,708   

Intangible assets, net of amortization

     9,625        8,509        8,202   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other assets

     48,482        47,787        47,457   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL ASSETS

   $ 74,267      $ 73,779      $ 73,863   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

      

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

      

Accounts payable

   $ 839      $ 1,111      $ 694   

Restaurant food liability

     3,837        8,140        9,631   

Accrued payroll

     927        866        1,322   

Deferred rent, current portion

     46        27        127   

Tenant allowance, current portion

     —          368        368   

Other accruals

     644        2,042        4,499   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     6,293        12,554        16,641   

LONG TERM LIABILITIES:

      

Tenant allowance, net of current portion

     —          1,351        1,166   

Deferred rent, net of current portion

     —          607        595   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long term liabilities

     —          1,958        1,761   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

      

Convertible preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, issuable in Series A, B, C, D, E and 1. 48,291,764 shares authorized, 48,151,812 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2011; and 48,291,764 shares authorized and 48,257,785 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2012. 48,291,764 shares authorized and 48,178,252 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2013

     5        5        5   

Series B preferred stock warrants, 139,952 warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2011 and 2,799 warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2012

     100        1        —     

Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 70,000,000 shares authorized, 14,015,704 shares issued, and 12,829,048 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2011; and 70,000,000 shares authorized, 13,603,314 shares issued, and outstanding as of December 31, 2012. 70,000,000 shares authorized, 14,055,062 shares issued, and outstanding as of June 30, 2013

     1        1        1   

Treasury shares

     (534     —          —     

Stockholder note receivable

     (567     —          —     

Additional paid-in-capital

     86,550        87,048        87,988   

Accumulated deficit

     (17,581     (27,788     (32,533
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

     67,974        59,267        55,461   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

   $ 74,267      $ 73,779      $ 73,863   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to financial statements.

 

F-32


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Statements of Operations

 

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2011     2012     2012     2013  
                 (unaudited)  

Revenues

   $ 17,294      $ 36,555      $ 16,400      $ 27,369   

Costs and expenses:

    

Sales and marketing

     9,980        15,305        7,510        9,350   

Operations and support

     6,334        14,988        7,133        9,535   

Technology (exclusive of amortization)

     2,871        5,524        2,597        3,164   

Depreciation and amortization

     673        2,155        1,011        1,302   

General and administrative

     10,631        8,790        4,794        8,763   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

     30,489        46,762        23,045        32,114   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss before provision for income taxes

     (13,195     (10,207     (6,645     (4,745

Provision for income taxes

     —          —          —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss

   $ (13,195   $ (10,207   $ (6,645   $ (4,745
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to financial statements.

 

F-33


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 and

the Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 (Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share data)

 

    Common Stock     Preferred Stock     Additional
Paid-In Capital
    Treasury Stock     Note
Receivable
    Preferred Stock
Warrants
    Accumulated
Deficit
    Total  
    Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount       Shares     Amount       Shares     Amount      

Balance at January 1, 2011

    12,331,471      $ 1        30,507,783      $ 3      $ 14,867        —        $ —        $ (567     223,924      $ 158      $ (4,386   $ 10,076   

Issuance of Series D Preferred Stock

    —          —          5,914,709        1        19,919        —          —          —         —          —          —          19,920   

Issuance of Series E Preferred Stock

    —          —          11,101,442        1        50,096        —          —          —         —          —          —          50,097   

Issuance of Series 1 Preferred Stock

    —          —          543,906        —          1,246        —         —          —         —          —          —          1,246   

Share Redemption

    —          —          —          —          —          (1,186,656     (534     —         —          —          —          (534

Warrants Exercised

    —          —          83,972        —          75        —          —          —         (83,972     (58     —          17   

Stock Options Exercised

    1,684,233        —          —          —          97        —          —          —         —          —          —          97   

Stock Options Expense

    —          —          —          —          250        —          —          —         —          —          —          250   

Net Loss

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —         —          —          (13,195     (13,195
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2011

    14,015,704        1        48,151,812        5        86,550        (1,186,656     (534     (567     139,952        100        (17,581     67,974   

Warrants Exercised

    —          —          137,153        —          127        —          —         —         (137,153     (99     —          28   

Vesting of Series 1 Preferred Stock

    —          —          —          —          526        —          —         —         —          —          —          526   

Series 1 Preferred Stock Cancellation

    —          —          (31,207     —          —          —          —         —         —          —          —          —    

Treasury Share Retirement

    (1,186,656     —          —          —          (534     1,186,656        534        —         —          —          —          —    

Share Redemption

    (145,380     —          —          —          (617     —          —         —         —          —          —          (617

Repayment of Shareholder Note Receivable

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —         567        —          —          —          567   

Stock Options Exercised

    919,646        —          —          —          269        —          —         —          —          —          —          269   

Stock Options Expense

    —          —          —          —          727        —          —         —          —          —          —          727   

Net Loss

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —         —          —          —          (10,207     (10,207
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2012

    13,603,314        1        48,257,758        5        87,048        —          —         —          2,799        1        (27,788     59,267   

Series 1 Preferred Stock Cancellation

    —          —          (76,707     —          —          —          —         —          —          —          —          —     

Warrants Exercised

    —          —          (2,799     —          1        —          —         —          (2,799     (1     —          —     

Stock Options Exercised

    452,288        —          —          —          167        —          —         —          —          —          —          167   

Stock Options Expense

    —          —          —          —          772        —          —         —          —          —          —          772   

Net Loss

        —          —          —          —          —         —          —          —          (4,745     (4,745
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at June 30, 2013 (Unaudited)

    14,055,602      $ 1        48,178,252      $ 5      $ 87,988        —          —         —          —          —        $ (32,533   $ 55,461   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to financial statements.

 

F-34


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Statements of Cash Flows

 

(In thousands)

 

    Year Ended
December 31,
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
    2011     2012         2012             2013      
                (unaudited)  

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

       

Net loss

  $ (13,195   $ (10,207   $ (6,645   $ (4,745

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash from operating activities:

       

Depreciation

    203        718        241        674   

Provision for doubtful accounts

    53        187        —          20   

Loss on disposal of property and equipment

    —          162        —          —    

Intangible asset amortization

    470        1,437        770        628   

Proceeds received under tenant allowance

    —          1,842        —          —    

Tenant allowance amortization

    —          (123     —          (184

Stock based compensation

    389        1,253        714        772   

Deferred compensation

    113        340        340        —     

Deferred rent

    12        588        (19     88   

Change in assets and liabilities, net of the effects of business acquisitions:

       

Accounts receivable

    (692     (536     (60     (2,089

Prepaid expenses and other assets

    (170     (712     (759     666   

Accounts payable

    221        272        (337     (417

Restaurant food liability

    1,948        4,303        1,514        1,491   

Accrued payroll

    52        (61     222        453   

Other accruals

    (407     769        273        2,458   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash from operating activities

  $ (11,003   $ 232      $ (3,746   $ (185
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

       

Acquisition of FanGo, net of cash acquired

    (1,351     —         —         —    

Capitalized website and development costs

    (284     (834     (151     (376

Acquisition of Dotmenu, net of cash acquired

    (44,240     —         —         —    

Purchases of property and equipment

    (893     (3,171     (404     (1,062
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash from investing activities

  $ (46,768   $ (4,005   $ (555   $ (1,438
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVES

       

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

    96        269        79        167   

Share redemption

    (534     —          —          —     

Proceeds from issuance of Series D Preferred Stock

    19,919        —          —          —     

Proceeds from issuance of Series E Preferred Stock

    49,192        —          —          —     

Proceeds from exercise of warrants

    17        28        5        1   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash from financing activities

  $ 68,690      $ 297      $ 84      $ 168   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

    10,919        (3,476     (4,217     (1,455

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR

    11,265        22,184        22,184        18,708   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR

  $ 22,184      $ 18,708      $ 17,967      $ 17,253   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF NON CASH RELATED ITEMS

       

Series 1 Preferred Stock issued in acquisition of FanGo

  $ 1,106      $ —        $ —        $ —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Property acquired under tenant allowance

    —          1,841        —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Series E Preferred Stock issued in acquisition of Dotmenu

    904        —          —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cancellation of notes receivable and accrued interest in exchange for common stock

    —          617        —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

IN CONNECTION WITH THE ACQUISITIONS, ASSETS ACQUIRED AND LIABILITIES ASSUMED WERE AS FOLLOWS:

       

Fair value of assets acquired, net of cash acquired

  $ 49,725      $ —        $ —        $ —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities assumed

    (2,124     —          —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Stock issued for acquisitions

    (2,010     —          —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired

  $ 45,591      $ —        $ —        $ —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to financial statements.

 

F-35


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements

 

1. Organization

 

GrubHub Holdings Inc. (“GrubHub” or the “Company”), was founded in 2004 and incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in 2007. The Company is an online and mobile platform for restaurant pick-up and delivery orders. Diners enter their location through an online interface and the Company displays the menus and other relevant information for restaurants in its network. Orders may be placed directly online or over the phone at no cost to the diner. The Company charges the restaurant a fee for each order. In February 2014, the Company changed its name to GrubHub Holdings Inc. from GrubHub, Inc. Reference to the “Company” throughout the financial statements relates to GrubHub Holdings Inc.

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The Company’s financial statements were prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The statements of operations include the results of entities acquired from the date of the acquisition for accounting purposes.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America require management to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the periods presented. Estimates include revenue recognition, the allowance for doubtful accounts, website development costs, goodwill, depreciable lives of property and equipment, recoverability of intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets and stock-based compensation. To the extent there are material differences between these estimates, judgments or assumptions and actual results, the Company’s financial statements will be affected. In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by GAAP and does not require management’s judgment in its application.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash includes currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash, and that are so near their maturity that they present minimal risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. The Company’s cash equivalents include only investments with original maturities of three months or less. The Company regularly maintains cash in excess of federally insured limits at financial institutions.

 

Property and Equipment, Net

 

Property and equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. The useful lives are as follows:

 

Office equipment, computers and furniture and fixtures

   5 years

Developed software

   2 years

Purchased software

   4 years

Restaurant facing technology

   2 years

Leasehold improvements

   Shorter of expected useful life or lease term

 

F-36


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

Maintenance and repair costs are charged to expense as incurred. Major improvements, which extend the useful life of the related asset, are capitalized. Upon disposal of a fixed asset, the Company records a gain or loss based on the differences between the proceeds received and the net book value of the disposed asset.

 

Credit Card Receivables, Net

 

Credit card receivables primarily represent the net cash due from the Company’s payment processor for cleared transactions. The carrying amount of the Company’s receivables is reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts that reflects management’s best estimate of amounts that will not be collected. The allowance is recorded through a charge to bad debt expense which is recorded within general and administrative expenses in the statements of operations. The allowance is based on historical loss experience and any specific risks identified in collection matters.

 

Management provides for probable uncollectible amounts through a charge against bad debt expense and a credit to an allowance based on its assessment of the current status of individual accounts. Balances still outstanding after management has used reasonable collection efforts are written off against the allowance and a credit to credit card receivables. The Company does not charge interest on trade receivables.

 

The following table presents the changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the periods presented (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
    Six Months
Ended
June  30,
 
         2011              2012         2013  
                  (unaudited)  

Allowance for doubtful accounts:

       

Balance, beginning of year

   $ 22       $ 75      $ 238   

Additions charged to expense

     53         187        20   

Less: write-offs, net of recoveries and other adjustments

     —           (24     —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, end of year

   $ 75       $ 238      $ 258   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Advertising Costs

 

Advertising costs are generally expensed as incurred in connection with the requisite service period. Certain advertising production costs are capitalized and expensed over the requisite service period of the advertisements. For the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, expenses attributable to advertising totaled approximately $3.8 million, and $6.4 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2012 (unaudited) and 2013 (unaudited), expenses attributable to advertising totaled approximately $3.3 million and $4.9 million, respectively. Advertising costs are recorded in sales and marketing expense on the Company’s statements of operations.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company measures compensation expense for all stock-based awards at fair value on the date of grant and recognizes compensation expense over the service period on a straight-line basis for awards expected to vest.

 

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair value for stock options. In valuing the Company’s options, the Company makes assumptions about risk-free interest rates, dividend yields,

 

F-37


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

volatility and weighted-average expected lives, including estimated forfeiture rates. Risk-free interest rates are derived from U.S. Treasury securities as of the option grant date. Expected dividend yield is based on the Company’s historical dividend payments, which have been zero to date. As the Company does not have public trading history for its common shares, the expected volatility for the Company’s common stock is estimated using the published historical volatilities of industry peers representing the verticals in which the Company operates. The Company estimates the weighted-average expected life of the options as the average of the vesting option schedule and the term of the award, since the Company does not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected term due to the limited period of time stock-based awards have been exercisable. The term of the award is estimated using the simplified method. Forfeiture rates are estimated using historical actual forfeiture trends as well as the Company’s judgment of future forfeitures. These rates are evaluated quarterly and any change in compensation expense is recognized in the period of the change. The estimation of stock awards that will ultimately vest requires judgment, and to the extent actual results or updated estimates differ from the Company’s current estimates, such amounts will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period the estimates are revised. The Company considers many factors when estimating expected forfeitures, including the types of awards and employee class. Actual results, and future changes in estimates, may differ substantially from management’s current estimates.

 

Income Taxes

 

The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated based upon the temporary differences between the financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using the enacted tax rates that are applicable in a given year. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. As of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited), the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets based on current and historical performance as it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will not be realized. No provision for income taxes has been recorded as there are no taxes payable due to the Company’s current net operating loss. A change in the estimate of future taxable income (loss) may require an increase or decrease to the valuation allowance.

 

The Company utilizes a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions (“tax contingencies”). The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount which is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company considers many factors when evaluating and estimating its tax positions and tax benefits, which may require periodic adjustments and which may not accurately forecast actual outcomes. The Company includes interest and penalties related to tax contingencies in the provision for income taxes on the statements of operations. See Note 10, “Income Taxes.” Management of the Company does not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly change in the next twelve months.

 

Intangible Assets

 

The Company accounts for intangible assets in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 350 Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (“Topic 350”). Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized using the straight-line method over their useful lives and are reviewed for impairment in accordance with Topic 350.

 

The Company evaluates intangible assets and other long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that they may not be recoverable or at least annually. Recoverability is measured by

 

F-38


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

comparing the carrying amount of an asset group to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated. If this comparison indicates impairment, the amount of impairment to be recognized is calculated as the difference between the carrying value and the fair value of the asset group. There were no impairment indicators present during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the six months ended June 30, 2013.

 

Website and Software Development Costs

 

The costs incurred in the preliminary stages of development are expensed as incurred. Once an application has reached the development stage, internal and external costs, if direct and incremental and deemed by management to be significant, are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Maintenance and enhancement costs, including those costs in the post-implementation stages, are typically expensed as incurred, unless such costs relate to substantial upgrades and enhancements to the website or software that result in added functionality, in which case the costs are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives. Amortization expense related to capitalized website and software development costs is included in depreciation and amortization.

 

Goodwill

 

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired business over the fair value of the assets acquired at the date of acquisition. Absent any special circumstances that could require an interim test, the Company has elected to test for goodwill impairment at September 30 th of each year.

 

The Company tests for impairment using a two-step process. The first step of the goodwill impairment test identifies if there is potential goodwill impairment. If step one indicates that an impairment may exist, a second step is performed to measure the amount of the goodwill impairment, if any, by comparing the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying amount. If the implied goodwill is less than the carrying amount, a write-down is recorded. We have determined that there was no goodwill impairment as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited).

 

Fair Value

 

Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The standards also establish a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

 

The Company applied the following methods and assumptions in estimating its fair value measurements:

 

Level 1

   Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2

   Assets and liabilities valued based on observable market data for similar instruments, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities.

Level 3

   Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity; instruments valued based on the best available data, some of which is internally developed, and considers risk premiums that a market participant would require.

 

F-39


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

Cash Equivalents

 

Cash equivalents are comprised of highly liquid investments, including money market funds and certificates of deposit with original maturities of less than three months. The fair value measurement of these assets is based on quoted market prices in active markets and, therefore, these assets are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis and classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy.

 

The following tables present the balances of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates presented, all of which are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy at December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited) (in thousands):

 

     As of
December 31,
     As of
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2013
 
     2011      2012     
                   (unaudited)  

Cash equivalents:

        

Money market funds

   $ 2,322       $ 2,232       $ 1,728   

 

The Company did not have any assets measured on a recurring basis using Level 2 or Level 3 inputs at December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited). There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited).

 

Revenue Recognition

 

In general, the Company recognizes revenue when (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered to the customer, (iii) the fee is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured. The Company considers a signed agreement, a binding contract with the restaurant or other similar documentation reflecting the terms and conditions under which products or services will be provided to be persuasive evidence of an arrangement.

 

The Company generates revenues primarily when diners place an order on the GrubHub platform. Restaurants pay a commission, typically a percentage of the transaction, for orders that are processed through the GrubHub platform. Restaurants can choose their level of commission rate, at or above the Company’s base rates, to affect their relative priority in its sorting algorithms, with restaurants paying higher commission rates generally appearing higher in the search order than restaurants paying lower commission rates. Commissions are generally based on a fixed percentage of the value of the order.

 

Revenues from online and phone delivery orders are recognized when these orders are placed at the restaurants. The amount of revenue recorded by the Company is based on the contractual arrangement with the related restaurant, and is adjusted for any cash credits, including incentive offers provided to restaurants and diners, related to the transaction. Although the Company will process the entire amount of the transaction with the diner, it will record its revenue on a net basis because the Company is acting as an agent of the merchant in the transaction. The Company will record an amount representing the restaurant food liability for the net balance due the restaurant.

 

The Company periodically provides incentive offers to diners to use its platform. These promotions include dollar off discounts to be applied against future purchases. The Company generally records the discounts as a reduction in revenue at the date it records the corresponding revenue in accordance with Topic 605-50-revenue recognition customer payments and incentives.

 

F-40


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

Deferred Rent

 

For the Company’s operating leases, the Company recognizes rent expenses on a straight-line basis over the terms of the leases and, accordingly, the Company records the difference between cash rent payments and the recognition of rent expenses as a deferred rent liability. The Company has landlord-funded leasehold improvements that are recorded as tenant allowances which are being amortized as a reduction of rent expense over the noncancelable terms of the operating leases.

 

Segments

 

The chief executive officer acts as the chief operating decision maker and reviews financial and operational information on an entity-wide basis. The Company has one business activity and there are no segment managers who are held accountable for operations, results of operations or plans for levels or components. Accordingly, the Company has determined that it has a single reporting segment and operating unit structure consisting of the operations of GrubHub Holdings Inc.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 

In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2010-06, Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820)—Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which requires additional disclosures about the different classes of assets and liabilities measured at fair value, the valuation techniques and inputs used, and the activity in Level III fair value measurements. This guidance was effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for certain Level III activity disclosure requirements that became effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2010. Accordingly, the Company adopted this new guidance beginning January 1, 2010, except for the additional Level III requirements, which were adopted beginning January 1, 2011. Level III assets and liabilities are those whose fair value inputs are unobservable and reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. The adoption of this guidance required additional disclosures but did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.

 

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), which amended existing rules covering fair value measurement and disclosure to clarify guidance and minimize differences between GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). The guidance requires entities to provide information about valuation techniques and unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements and provide a narrative description of the sensitivity of Level 3 measurements to changes in unobservable inputs. The guidance is effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. We adopted this guidance on January 1, 2012. The adoption of this guidance did not have any impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income, which requires an entity to present total comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements and eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. The Company early adopted this guidance on January 1, 2012, retrospectively. During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, the Company did not have any other comprehensive income, and therefore, the net loss and comprehensive loss was the same for all periods presented.

 

F-41


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-08, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350). The amended guidance will allow companies to assess qualitative factors to determine if it is more-likely-than-not that goodwill might be impaired and whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test required. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2012. The adoption of this accounting standard update does not have any material impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position. At December 31, 2012, the Company did not perform an assessment using qualitative factors in evaluating goodwill impairment.

 

3. Acquisitions

 

Dotmenu

 

On September 30, 2011, GrubHub Holdings acquired Dotmenu, Inc. (“Dotmenu”) through a reverse triangular merger, pursuant to which Dotmenu became a wholly-owned subsidiary of GrubHub Holdings. Dotmenu provided online food ordering primarily to college campuses through its website campusfood.com, and also operated allmenus.com, a website that stores and displays approximately 250,000 menus.

 

The purchase price was approximately $46.4 million, consisting of approximately $45.5 million of cash and 200,000 shares of Series E Preferred Stock valued at approximately $0.9 million. The value of the Series E Preferred Stock issued was determined using arm’s length transactions for the Series E Preferred Stock issued shortly prior to the transaction. GrubHub Holdings Inc.’s acquisition of 100% of the outstanding stock of Dotmenu has been accounted for as a business combination, and assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their estimated fair values as of September 30, 2011. Goodwill is measured as of the acquisition date as the residual of consideration transferred, which is also generally measured at fair value, and the net of the acquisition date fair value of the assets acquired, including identified intangibles and the liabilities assumed. The Company incurred certain expenses directly and indirectly related to the acquisition. These expenses totaled $0.2 million and are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying 2011 statement of operations.

 

The following table summarizes the acquisition-date fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired in connection with the business combination (in thousands):

 

Identifiable assets

   $ 2,269   

Developed technology

     493   

Customer relationships

     8,894   

Trademarks

     178   

Goodwill

     36,651   

Liabilities assumed

     (2,122
  

 

 

 

Total net assets acquired

   $ 46,363   
  

 

 

 

 

The preliminary estimated fair value of the intangible assets acquired was determined based on a combination of the income, cost, and market approach to measure the fair value of the developed technology, the customer relationships and the trademarks. The fair value of the trademarks was measured based on the relief from royalty method. The cost approach, specifically the cost to recreate method, was used to value the developed technology. The income approach, specifically the multi-period excess earnings method, was used to value the customer relationships.

 

F-42


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

These fair value measurements were based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represent Level 3 measurements under the fair value hierarchy.

 

The results of operations related to this acquisition have been included in the Company’s financial statements since October 1, 2011, the date subsequent to the acquisition. Pro forma financial information for the acquisition accounted for as a business combination is presented below.

 

The following unaudited pro forma information presents a summary of the operating results of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2011, as if the Company had acquired Dotmenu as of January 1, 2011 (in thousands):

 

     Pro Forma Combined 2011  

Revenues

   $ 23,718   

Net loss

   $ (18,007

 

FanGo, Inc.

 

On August 25, 2011, GrubHub Holdings Inc. acquired FanGo, Inc. (“FanGo”) through a reverse triangular merger, pursuant to which FanGo became a wholly-owned subsidiary of GrubHub Holdings Inc. FanGo provided mobile/online food delivery to consumers in professional sports venues.

 

Under the terms of the merger agreement, GrubHub Holdings Inc. assumed certain operating liabilities, paid FanGo approximately $1.4 million in cash and issued 543,906 restricted shares of Series 1 Preferred Stock valued at $2.3 million to FanGo stockholders. Of the $2.3 million issued in stock, $1.1 million was allocated to the purchase price of FanGo, with the remaining value accounted for as post combination employment services. The Company negotiated the total consideration paid to the stockholders of FanGo in an arms-length transaction. The fair value of the shares of Series 1 Preferred Stock that were issued to the stockholders was determined to be $4.23 per share, which the Company deemed to be the price that would be received to sell one share of Series 1 Preferred Stock in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In determining the fair value, the Company considered the fair value of Preferred Stock issued during 2011. Specifically, the Company considered the share value of the Series D Preferred Stock ($3.38) issued on March 9, 2011, as well as the share value of the Series E Preferred Stock ($4.51) subsequently issued on September 9, 2011. The Company determined that the valuation of the Series 1 Preferred Stock ($4.23) that was utilized in the acquisition of FanGo, which took place on August 25, 2011, was consistent with the fair value of the Preferred Stock in the Series D Preferred Stock and Series E Preferred Stock issuances. The Series 1 Preferred Stock was created exclusively for issuance to FanGo stockholders in connection with the acquisition.

 

The purchase price was approximately $2.5 million, reflecting the cash amount issued and the estimated fair market value of Series 1 Preferred Stock that did not relate to post-combination service. The portion of the Series 1 Preferred Stock related to post-combination services is recorded as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting period and has not been included in the purchase price noted above.

 

GrubHub Holdings Inc.’s acquisition of FanGo, has been accounted for as a business combination, and assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their estimated fair values as of August 25, 2011. Goodwill is measured as of the acquisition date as the residual of consideration transferred, which is also generally measured at fair value, and the net of the acquisition date fair value of the assets acquired, including identified intangible assets and the liabilities assumed.

 

F-43


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

The following table summarizes the acquisition-date fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired in connection with the business combination (in thousands):

 

Identifiable assets

   $ 13   

Developed technology

     389   

Goodwill

     2,057   

Liabilities assumed

     (2
  

 

 

 

Total net assets acquired

   $ 2,457   
  

 

 

 

 

The estimated fair value of the developed technology acquired was determined based on a cost to recreate approach. This fair value measurement was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represent Level 3 measurements under the fair value hierarchy.

 

The results of operations related to this acquisition have been included in the Company’s financial statements since August 26, 2011, the date of acquisition. Pro forma financial information for the acquisition accounted for as a business combination has not been presented, as the effects were not material to the Company’s financial statements.

 

4. Intangible Assets

 

The following table presents the detail of intangible assets subject to amortization as of the dates presented is as follows (in thousands):

 

     Amortization
Period (Years)
     December 31,     June  30,
2013
 
        2011     2012    
                        (unaudited)  

Developed technology

     1-4       $ 882      $ 389      $ 389   

Customer relationships

     17.25         8,894        8,894        8,894   

Trademarks

     1         178        —          —     

Less: accumulated amortization

        (329     (774     (1,081
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total intangible assets

      $ 9,625      $ 8,509      $ 8,202   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Amortization expense recorded for intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 was $0.3 million and $1.1 million, respectively, and these amounts were included in depreciation and amortization. Amortization expense recorded for intangible assets for the six months ended June 30, 2012 (unaudited) and 2013 (unaudited) was $0.6 million and $0.3 million, respectively, and these amounts were included in depreciation and amortization. The remaining weighted-average amortization period as of June 30, 2013 (unaudited) was approximately 14.7 years. Amortization is recorded on a straight line basis.

 

Estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets as of June 30, 2013 is as follows (in thousands):

 

(6 months remaining) 2013

   $ 307   

2014

     613   

2015

     580   

2016

     516   

2017

     516   

2018

     516   
  

 

 

 

Thereafter

     5,154   
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 8,202   
  

 

 

 

 

F-44


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

5. Goodwill

 

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recorded goodwill of $38.7 million in conjunction with the acquisitions of the operating assets of FanGo and Dotmenu. None of the goodwill is deductible for tax purposes.

 

6. Property and Equipment, Net

 

The following table presents the detail of property and equipment as of the dates presented (in thousands):

 

     December 31,     June  30,
2013
 
     2011     2012    
                 (unaudited)  

Office equipment, computers, and furniture and fixtures

   $ 710      $ 1,122      $ 1,481   

Developed software

     438        1,271        1,646   

Leasehold improvements acquired under tenant allowance

     —          1,841        1,841   

Restaurant facing technology

     —          824        1,526   

Purchased software

     127        127        127   

Leasehold improvements

     295        —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Property and equipment

     1,570        5,185        6,621   

Less: accumulated amortization and depreciation

     (407     (1,210     (2,204
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

   $ 1,163      $ 3,975      $ 4,417   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

The Company recorded amortization and depreciation expense related to property and equipment other than developed software for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the six months ended June 30, 3012 (unaudited) and June 30, 2013 (unaudited) of $0.2 million, $0.7 million, $0.2 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

 

For the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the six months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited), the Company capitalized $0.3 million, $0.8 million and $0.7 million, respectively, in developed software. Amortization expense for website development costs included in depreciation and amortization for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the six months ended June 30,2012 (unaudited) and June 30, 2013 (unaudited) totaled $0.1 million, $0.3 million, $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

 

7. Commitments and Contingencies

 

Office Facility Lease

 

The Company leases its office facility under an operating lease agreement that expires in 2017. The terms of the lease agreement provides for rental payments on a graduated basis. The Company recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease period.

 

Rental expense, principally for leased office space under operating lease commitments, was $0.4 million, $1.4 million, $0.4 million and $0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the six months ended June 30, 2012 (unaudited) and June 30 2013 (unaudited), respectively.

 

The Company entered into a non-cancellable office lease with rent commencing on September 1, 2012. As part of the lease agreement, rent abatement is being provided for the first six months of the lease for 50% of the

 

F-45


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

monthly rental obligation owed. The office lease began on September 1, 2012 and ends on August 31, 2017. Monthly rental payments start at $0.1 million and increase 3% a year over the life of the lease agreement. In connection with entering into the non-cancellable office lease, the Company established a restricted cash account with a bank for $0.5 million as collateral for a $0.5 million letter of credit to the landlord as a security deposit.

 

Aggregate Future Lease Commitments

 

The Company’s minimum payments under non-cancelable operating leases for office space having initial terms in excess of one year, at June 30, 2013 (unaudited), are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Operating Leases  

2013 (6 months remaining)

   $ 843   

2014

     1,704   

2015

     1,734   

2016

     1,764   

2017

     1,189   

Thereafter

     —     
  

 

 

 

Total minimum lease payments

   $ 7,234   
  

 

 

 

 

Deferred Offering Costs

 

At December 31, 2012, the Company had deferred approximately $0.9 million of costs associated with a planned stock offering, which were included in prepaid expenses. The Company had subsequently expensed these amounts during the six month period ended June 30, 2013 since the planned stock offering did not take place in 2013.

 

Legal

 

In August 2011, Ameranth, Inc., a patent licensing company, filed a lawsuit against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California, or the California Court (Ameranth, Inc. v. Pizza Hut, Inc. et al., Case No 11-CV1810 JLS (NLS)). Ameranth has alleged infringement of two U.S. patents. In March 2012, Ameranth filed an additional lawsuit against the Company in the California Court (Ameranth, Inc. v. GrubHub Holdings Inc., Case No. 12-CV0739-DMS (POR)) alleging infringement of one additional U.S. patent. These two lawsuits have been consolidated. The Company has denied Ameranth’s claims, asserted various affirmative defenses, and has asserted counterclaims seeking a declaration that its products do not infringe the patents and that the patents are invalid and in some cases, unenforceable.

 

No trial date has been set for this case. The Company believes this case lacks merit, it has strong defenses to all of the infringement claims and intends to defend itself vigorously against such claims. However, the Company is unable to predict the likelihood of success of Ameranth’s infringement claims and is unable to predict the likelihood of success of its counterclaims. The Company has not recorded an accrual related to this lawsuit as of December 31, 2011 or 2012, or June 30, 2013 as it does not believe a material loss is probable. It is a reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred; however, the possible range of loss is not estimable given the early stage of the dispute and the uncertainty as to whether the claims at issue are with or without merit, will be settled out of court, or will be determined in the Company’s favor, whether the Company may be required to expend significant management time and financial resources on the defense of such claims, and whether the Company will be able to recover any losses under its insurance policies.

 

F-46


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

In addition to the matters described above, from time to time, the Company is involved in various other legal proceedings arising from the normal course of business activities.

 

8. Related-Party Transactions

 

During November 2010, the Company received promissory notes receivable in the amount of $0.6 million from two officers for the issuance of 1,455,092 shares of common stock. These promissory notes bear interest at a rate of 4% per year, originally maturing during November 2020 and were reported as a reduction of stockholders’ equity. The portion of the stock having non-recourse provisions has been included in the Company’s ASC 718 stock option grants. In December 2012, the Company repurchased an aggregate of 145,380 shares of common stock at a purchase price equal to the fair market value of $4.25 per share from our chief executive officer and chief operating officer, in exchange for the cancellation of the aggregate principal and accrued interest due under the promissory notes described as noted above.

 

In November 2010, the Company sold 12,557,327 shares of Series C Preferred Stock for an aggregate price of $10,931,153 to investors that are the Company’s affiliates, including entities affiliated with Benchmark Capital Partners, Leo Capital Holdings and Origin Ventures.

 

During March 2011, the Company redeemed 1,186,656 shares of common stock at a price of $4.0 million from stockholders of the Company at a price that exceeded the fair market value of the common stock at the time of the redemption. The excess of the purchase price over the fair market value of the common stock was $3.5 million, which was recorded within general and administrative expense in the 2011 statement of operations. The shares were subsequently retired during 2012. The common stock repurchase occurred concurrent with the issuance of the Series D Preferred Stock.

 

In March 2011, the Company sold 5,855,562 shares of Series D Preferred Stock for an aggregate price of $19,799,997 to investors that are the Company’s affiliates, including entities affiliated with Benchmark Capital Partners and DAG Ventures.

 

In October 2011, the Company sold 6,860,227 shares of Series E Preferred Stock for an aggregate price of $30,999,993 to investors that are the Company’s affiliates, including entities affiliated with Benchmark Capital Partners, DAG Ventures and Lightspeed Ventures.

 

9. Stock-Based Compensation

 

During 2007, the Company established a stock incentive plan (“the Plan”). The Plan allows the Company to grant stock options to individuals or groups of individuals as specified in the Plan. The exercise price of stock options cannot be less than the fair value of the common stock at the time of the grant, and the stock options generally expire ten years after the date of issuance.

 

The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model that uses the assumptions noted in the table below. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatilities of comparable publicly traded companies. The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercise and employee termination within the valuation model. Separate groups of employees that have similar historical exercise behavior are considered separately for valuation purposes. The expected term of the award is estimated using a simplified method, as awards are plain vanilla share options. The fair value at grant date was determined considering the performance of the Company at the grant date as well as future growth and

 

F-47


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

profitability expectations by applying an appropriate multiple to the Company’s earnings. The risk-free rate for the period within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

 

The following assumptions were utilized for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the six months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited):

 

     Years Ended December 31,     Six Months Ended
June 30,

2013
 
       2011         2012      
                 (unaudited)  

Weighted average fair value of options granted

   $         0.38      $         1.25      $         2.35   

Average risk-free interest rate

     1.75     0.85     1.16

Expected stock price volatilities

     60.9     58.5     53.2

Dividend yield

     None        None        None   

Expected stock option life

     6.11        5.4        6.38   

 

The options vest over different lengths of time depending upon the grantee. Compensation expense is recorded over the vesting period. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $0.3 million, $0.7 million, and $0.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the six months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited), respectively.

 

There is no active external or internal market for the Company’s shares. Thus, it was not possible to estimate the expected volatility of the Company’s share price in estimating fair value of options granted. Accordingly, as a substitute for such volatility, the Company used the historical volatility of comparable online companies in its industry.

 

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity is as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31, 2011  
     Options     Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
     Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Term
 

Outstanding at beginning of year

     3,173,581      $ 0.10         

Granted

     4,176,077        0.63         

Forfeited

     (305,312     0.31         

Exercised

     (1,587,262     0.06         

Expired

     —          N/A         
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Outstanding at end of year

     5,457,084      $ 0.52       $ 2,642,330         9.05   

Vested and expected to vest at end of year

     4,722,872      $ 0.51       $ 2,371,025         9.03   

Exercisable at end of year

     781,857      $ 0.23       $ 609,616         8.35   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-48


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

     Year Ended December 31, 2012  
     Options     Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
     Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Term
 

Outstanding at beginning of year

     5,457,084      $ 0.52         

Granted

     3,044,987        1.62         

Forfeited

     (694,304     0.81         

Exercised

     (1,461,663     0.34         

Expired

     —          N/A         
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Outstanding at end of year

     6,346,104      $ 1.13       $ 18,110,280         8.83   

Vested and expected to vest at end of year

     4,783,657      $ 1.10         15,078,282         8.78   

Exercisable at end of year

     822,186      $ 0.54         3,046,790         7.93   
  

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

     Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 (Unaudited)  
     Options     Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
     Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Term
 

Outstanding at beginning of year

     6,346,104      $ 1.06         

Granted

     667,427        4.25         

Forfeited

     (418,617     1.16         

Exercised

     (452,288     0.51         

Expired

     —          N/A         
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Outstanding at end of year

     6,142,626      $ 1.45         21,921,404         8.47   

Vested and expected to vest at end of year

     5,219,893        1.40         18,891,392         8.41   

Exercisable at end of year

     891,899        0.62         3,922,913         7.58   
  

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

The Company has computed the aggregate intrinsic value amounts disclosed in the above tables based on the difference between the original exercise price of the options and the fair value of the Company’s common stock as of December 31, 2011, 2012 and the six months ended June 30, 2013. The aggregate intrinsic value of awards exercised during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the six months ended June 30, 2013 was $1.2 million, $4.9 million, and $1.9 million, respectively.

 

As of June 30, 2013 (unaudited) total unrecognized compensation expense, adjusted for estimated forfeitures, related to non-vested stock options was $3.6 million, which is expected to be recognized over the next 3.4 years.

 

F-49


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

The options outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2013 have been segregated into ranges for additional disclosure as follows:

 

Exercise Price

   Outstanding on
June 30, 2013
     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Term
     Vested and
Expected to Vest
on June 30,

2013
     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Term
     Exercisable on
June 30, 2013
     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Term
 
$0.03      16,906         5.47         16,906         5.47         16,906      
  0.04      4,057         5.90         3,999         5.90         3,151      
  0.04      78,056         6.02         76,605         6.02         64,460      
  0.04      113,296         5.98         112,968         5.98         90,441      
  0.04      521         6.00         480         6.00         —        
  0.22      198,187         7.07         185,953         7.06         112,772      
  0.39      505,184         7.38         474,084         7.38         41,561      
  0.45      715,070         7.84         642,852         7.84         215,262      
  1.01      2,901,666         8.59         2,418,717         8.57         310,396      
  2.34      100,000         8.97         76,086         8.97         25,000      
  2.56      505,272         9.11         400,656         9.11         7,700      
  3.13      341,984         9.35         270,029         9.35         —        
  4.25      662,427         9.63         540,558         9.63         4,250      
  

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

    

Total

     6,142,626         8.47         5,219,893         8.41         891,899         7.58   
  

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

    

 

Restricted Stock

 

In consideration for the acquisition of substantially all of FanGo under the terms of the merger agreement, GrubHub Holdings Inc. issued to FanGo key employees 376,242 restricted shares of GrubHub Holdings Inc.’s Series 1 Preferred Stock, effective on August 25, 2011. The grant date fair value of the restricted shares was approximately $1.6 million. Of the 376,242 shares of restricted stock granted to FanGo employees, 94,061 immediately vested at an aggregate amount of $0.4 million which was part of the purchase price of FanGo.

 

During 2012, a key employee received an acceleration of 85,819 vested shares and forfeited 31,208 shares in return for signing and abiding by a termination agreement signed upon his departure from the Company. The Company recorded $250,000 in compensation expense related to the acceleration in 2012. As of December 31, 2012, 282,707 shares were vested and no longer subject to forfeiture. Approximately 93,535 restricted shares remain as of December 31, 2012 subject to forfeiture, which will vest ratably over a range of 20 to 24 months following December 31, 2012, subject to continued employment or service to GrubHub Holdings Inc. During the six months ended June 30, 2013 76,707 shares forfeited as a result of employees who departed the Company. 22,828 shares remain as of June 30, 2013 subject to forfeiture which will vest ratably over a range of 14 to 18 months as of June 30, 2013 (unaudited). The fair value of the restricted shares relate to post-combination services and will be recorded as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting period. As of December 31, 2012, there was $0.4 million in total unrecognized cost related to the restricted shares. There was no unrecognized cost on these shares at June 30, 2013 (unaudited).

 

10. Income Taxes

 

The Company is subject to federal income taxes in the United States. For the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the six months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited), the Company did not have taxable income, and therefore, no current tax liability or expense has been recorded in the financial statements.

 

F-50


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

The income tax provision (benefit) is comprised of the following at December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the six months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited) (in thousands):

 

     As of December 31,  
     2011     2012  

Current

   $ —        $ —     

Deferred

     (10,069     (3,359

Change in valuation allowance

     10,069        3,359   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ —        $ —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Deferred federal income taxes reflect the net tax impact of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and such amounts for tax purposes. The following table presents the significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities as of the dates presented (in thousands):

 

     As of December 31,  
     2011     2012  

Deferred tax assets:

    

Net operating loss carryforward

   $ 14,472      $ 16,874   

Bad debt

     24        95   

Accrued vacation

     179        37   

Accrued bonus

     —         75   

Deferred rent

     19        253   

Gift card income

     54        13   

Research and development credits

     166        53   

State tax credits

     300        654   

Tenant allowance

     —         686   

Other

     —         20   

Stock-based compensation

     734        933   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total deferred tax assets

     15,948        19,693   

Deferred tax liabilities:

    

Depreciation

     (250     (916

Intangibles

     (3,797     (3,361

Website and software development costs

     (155     (310
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
     (4,202     (4,587
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance

     11,746        15,106   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Less valuation allowance

     (11,746     (15,106
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ —       $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-51


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

The following table presents a reconciliation of the federal statutory rate and the Company’s effective tax rate for the periods presented:

 

     2011     2012  

Pre-tax book loss

     34.00     34.00

Restricted stock

     —         (1.75

Stock redemptions

     (8.96     —    

Interest expense on warrants

     —         —    

State income taxes, net of federal tax effect

     4.56        5.80   

Tax credits

     3.53        3.37   

All other adjustments, net

     (0.34     (1.82

Change in valuation allowance

     (32.79     (39.60
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effective rate

     —         —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

At December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the six months June 30, 2013, the Company had $36.0 million, $42.8 million and $46.7 million, respectively, of federal and state net operating loss carryforwards, which will expire beginning in 2019. The Company’s federal and state net operating loss carryforwards for tax return purposes are $1.9 million greater than its recognized Net Operating Loss for financial accounting purposes, as excess tax benefits (stock compensation deductions in excess of book compensation costs) are not recognized until realized. The tax benefit of this loss would be recognized for financial statement purposes in the period in which the tax benefit reduces income taxes payable, and will be reflected as an increase to paid in capital. The Company acquired approximately $20 million of net operating loss carryforwards during 2011 as part of the Dotmenu and FanGo acquisitions. The Company is limited in the amount that may be deducted in future periods under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. In addition, at December 31, 2012, the Company has $0.1 million of federal research tax credit carryforwards which will expire beginning in 2026 and $0.7 million of Illinois Edge Credits which will expire beginning in 2015.

 

The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S. federal and various state jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes and recording the related income tax assets and liabilities. The Company’s practice for accounting for uncertainty in income taxes is to recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more-likely-than-not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not criteria, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. At December 31, 2011, 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited), the Company did not have any material unrecognized tax benefits recorded on its balance sheets.

 

The Company’s practice is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company did not recognize any interest or penalties in its statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 and the six months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited).

 

The Company is not currently under audit in any tax jurisdiction. Tax years after 2008 are still currently open for audit by federal taxing authorities. The time period currently open for audit at the state level varies by jurisdiction.

 

F-52


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

11. Stockholders’ Equity

 

The Company is authorized to issue seven classes of stock: Common Stock, Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series 1 Preferred Stock. Each share of Preferred Stock is convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, into Common Stock on a one-for-one basis at the following conversion prices per share subject to adjustment in the case of certain dilutive issuances, stock splits or combinations: $0.142 for the Series A Preferred Stock, $0.200961 for the Series B Preferred Stock, $0.8705 for the Series C Preferred Stock, $3.3814 for the Series D Preferred Stock, $4.5188 for the Series E Preferred Stock and $4.2268 for the Series 1 Preferred Stock. In addition, all shares of Preferred Stock automatically convert into Common Stock, on a one-for-one basis at the conversion prices set forth above, (i) upon the closing of an initial public offering, the aggregate public offering price of which is at least $30,000,000, or (ii) on the date, or the occurrence of an event, specified by vote or written consent or agreement of the holders of at least 66  2 / 3 % of the then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock (other than the Series 1 Preferred Stock). As of December 31, 2012, 48,257,758 shares of Common Stock would have been required to be issued assuming conversion of all of the issued outstanding shares of Series A, B, C, D, E and 1 Preferred Stock. No shares of Preferred Stock are redeemable by stockholders or the Company.

 

Common Stock

 

Each holder of common stock will have one vote held on all matters that are submitted for stockholder vote.

 

Upon liquidation, the common stock will be junior to the rights and preferences of the Series A, B, C, D, E and Series 1 Preferred Stock.

 

At December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited), there were 70,000,000 shares of Common Stock authorized, respectively. As of December 31, 2011, there were 14,015,704 shares issued and 12,829,048 shares outstanding. As of December 31, 2012, there were 13,603,314 shares issued and outstanding. As of June 30, 2013 (unaudited), there were 14,055,602 shares issued and outstanding.

 

Series A Preferred Stock

 

Holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive cumulative dividends at the annual rate of eight percent (8%) of the original Series A issue price through March 9, 2009. Thereafter, dividends accrued at the annual rate of six percent (6%) of the original Series A issue price through November 3, 2010. Cumulative undeclared dividends at December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited) and were $0.2 million.

 

In the event of a liquidation event, the holders of Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E and Series 1 Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive pari passu to each other, and prior and in preference to any distribution of any assets of the Company to the holders of Common Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock will have a liquidation preference of an amount per share equal to the original Series A issue price plus the accrued dividends on each such share. The aggregate liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited) was $1.3 million.

 

At December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited), there were 7,746,897 shares of Series A Preferred Stock authorized, issued and outstanding.

 

F-53


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

Series B Preferred Stock

 

Holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive cumulative dividends at the annual rate of six percent (6%) of the original Series B issue price through November 3, 2010. Cumulative undeclared dividends at December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited) were $0.2 million.

 

In the event of a liquidation event, the holders of Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E and Series 1 Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive pari passu to each other, and prior and in preference to any distribution of any assets of the Company to the holders of Common Stock. The Series B Preferred Stock will have a liquidation preference of an amount per share equal to the original Series B issue price plus the accrued dividends on each such share. The aggregate liquidation preference of the Series B Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited) was $2.2 million.

 

At December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited), there were 10,176,092 shares of Series B Preferred Stock authorized, of which 10,036,140, 10,173,293, and 10,176,092 were issued and outstanding, respectively.

 

Series C Preferred Stock

 

In the event of a liquidation event, the holders Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E and Series 1 Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive pari passu to each other, and prior and in preference to any distribution of any assets of the Company to the holders of Common Stock. The Series C Preferred Stock will have a liquidation preference of an amount per share equal to the original Series C issue price. The aggregate liquidation preference of the Series C Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited) was $11.3 million.

 

As of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited), there were 12,808,718 shares of Series C Preferred Stock authorized, issued and outstanding.

 

Series D Preferred Stock

 

In the event of a liquidation event, the holders Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E and Series 1 Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive pari passu to each other, and prior and in preference to any distribution of any assets of the Company to the holders of Common Stock. The Series D Preferred Stock will have a liquidation preference of an amount per share equal to the original Series D issue price. The aggregate liquidation preference of the Series D Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited) was $20.0 million.

 

As of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited), there were 5,914,709 shares of Series D Preferred Stock authorized, issued and outstanding.

 

Series E Preferred Stock

 

In the event of a liquidation event, the holders Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E and Series 1 Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive pari passu to each other, and prior and in preference to any distribution of any assets of the Company to the holders of Common Stock. The Series E Preferred Stock will have a liquidation preference of an amount per share equal to the original Series E issue price. The aggregate liquidation preference of the Series E Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited) was $50.2 million.

 

F-54


Table of Contents

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(F/K/A GRUBHUB, INC.)

 

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

 

As of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited), there were 11,101,442 shares of Series E Preferred Stock authorized, issued and outstanding.

 

Series 1 Preferred Stock

 

In the event of a liquidation event, the holders Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E and Series 1 Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive pari passu to each other, and prior and in preference to any distribution of any assets of the Company to the holders of Common Stock. The Series 1 Preferred Stock will have a liquidation preference of an amount per share equal to the original Series 1 issue price. The aggregate liquidation preference of the Series 1 Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited) was $2.3 million.

 

As of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and June 30, 2013 (unaudited), there were 543,906 shares of Series 1 Preferred Stock authorized, and 543,906, 512,699, and 435,992 shares, respectively, issued and outstanding.

 

Preferred Stock Warrants

 

In May 2010, the Company issued a convertible promissory note payable to existing investors in the aggregate amount of $0.3 million, which included warrants to purchase 223,924 shares of Series B Preferred Stock. The note bears interest at 6% and was scheduled to mature in May 2011. In November 2010, the note payable was exchanged for shares of Series C Preferred Stock. The warrants are exercisable at any time up to expiration in May 2020. Each warrant is exercisable for $0.20 per share of Series B Preferred Stock. In 2011, warrants were exercised to purchase 83,972 shares of Series B Preferred Stock at a price per share of $0.20. Between January 1 and December 31, 2012, warrants were exercised to purchase 137,153 shares of Series B Preferred Stock at a price per share of $0.20. During the six months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited), warrants were exercised to purchase 2,799 shares of Series B Preferred Stock at a price per share $0.20 per share.

 

12. Retirement Plan

 

During 2011, the Company formed a 401(k) plan for employees that provides for matching contributions of 100% of the first 3% of employees’ contributions and 50% of the next 2% of employees’ contributions that are made. The Company may make discretionary profit sharing contributions as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company’s matching contributions to the plan were $0.2 million, $0.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively, during the years ended December 31, 2011 and the years ended December 31, 2012 and the six months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited). There were no discretionary contributions during the years ended December 31, 2011 or 2012 or the six months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited).

 

13. Subsequent Event

 

On August 8, 2013, GrubHub Inc. acquired, through a series of transactions, all of the equity interests of each of Seamless North America, LLC, Seamless Holdings Corporation and the Company pursuant to that certain Reorganization and Contribution Agreement, dated as of May 19, 2013, by and among GrubHub Inc., Seamless North America, LLC, Seamless Holdings Corporation, the Company and the other parties thereto. As a result of this transaction, the Company concluded that Seamless Holdings Corporation was deemed the acquirer for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, the acquisition of GrubHub Holdings Inc. has been accounted for as a business combination post combination financial statements.

 

F-55


Table of Contents

LOGO


Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

LOGO

 

 

Until                     , 2014 (25 days after the date of this prospectus), all dealers that buy, sell or trade shares of our common stock, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

Item 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution

 

The following table sets forth all costs and expenses, other than the underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us, in connection with the offer and sale of the securities being registered. All amounts shown are estimates except for the SEC registration fee and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) filing fee.

 

     Amount  

SEC registration fee

   $ 12,880   

FINRA filing fee

     15,550   

NYSE listing fee

     *   

Printing expenses

     *   

Accounting fees and expenses

     *   

Legal fees and expenses

     *   

Transfer Agent and Registrar fees and expenses

     *   

Miscellaneous expenses

     *   
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ *   
  

 

 

 

 

*   To be provided by amendment.

 

Item 14. Indemnification of Officers and Directors

 

Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law authorizes a corporation’s board of directors to grant, and authorizes a court to award, indemnity to officers, directors, and other corporate agents.

 

Prior to the completion of this offering, we expect to adopt an amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which will become effective immediately prior to the completion of this offering, and which will contain provisions that limit the liability of our directors for monetary damages to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Consequently, our directors will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duties as directors, except liability for the following:

 

   

any breach of their duty of loyalty to our company or our stockholders;

 

   

any act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;

 

   

unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions as provided in Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law; or

 

   

any transaction from which they derived an improper personal benefit.

 

Any amendment to, or repeal of, these provisions will not eliminate or reduce the effect of these provisions in respect of any act, omission or claim that occurred or arose prior to that amendment or repeal. If the Delaware General Corporation Law is amended to provide for further limitations on the personal liability of directors of corporations, then the personal liability of our directors will be further limited to the greatest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law.

 

In addition, prior to the completion of this offering, we expect to adopt amended and restated bylaws which will provide that we will indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any person who is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any action, suit or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was one of our directors or officers or is or was serving at our request as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise. Our amended and restated bylaws are expected to provide

 

II-1


Table of Contents

that we may indemnify to the fullest extent permitted by law any person who is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any action, suit, or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was one of our employees or agents or is or was serving at our request as an employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise. Our amended and restated bylaws will also provide that we must advance expenses incurred by or on behalf of a director or officer in advance of the final disposition of any action or proceeding, subject to very limited exceptions.

 

Further, prior to the completion of this offering, we expect to enter into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers that may be broader than the specific indemnification provisions contained in the Delaware General Corporation Law. These indemnification agreements will require us, among other things, to indemnify our directors and executive officers against liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service. These indemnification agreements will also require us to advance all expenses incurred by the directors and executive officers in investigating or defending any such action, suit, or proceeding. We believe that these agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve as directors and executive officers.

 

The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions that are expected to be included in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended restated bylaws, and in indemnification agreements that we enter into with our directors and executive officers may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against our directors and executive officers for breach of their fiduciary duties. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against our directors and executive officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and other stockholders. Further, a stockholder’s investment may be adversely affected to the extent that we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and executive officers as required by these indemnification provisions. At present, we are not aware of any pending litigation or proceeding involving any person who is or was one of our directors, officers, employees or other agents or is or was serving at our request as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, for which indemnification is sought, and we are not aware of any threatened litigation that may result in claims for indemnification.

 

We have obtained insurance policies under which, subject to the limitations of the policies, coverage is provided to our directors and executive officers against loss arising from claims made by reason of breach of fiduciary duty or other wrongful acts as a director or executive officer, including claims relating to public securities matters, and to us with respect to payments that may be made by us to these directors and executive officers pursuant to our indemnification obligations or otherwise as a matter of law.

 

The underwriting agreement filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this registration statement provides for indemnification by the underwriters of the Registrant and its officers and directors for certain liabilities arising under the Securities Act and otherwise.

 

Item 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

 

From January 1, 2010 to January 31, 2014, we made sales of the following unregistered securities (share and per share amounts give effect to a 1-for-2 reverse stock split, which we expect to effect prior to consummation of this offering);

 

   

we granted to our employees, not including our named executive officers, options to purchase an aggregate of 7,140,635 shares of our common stock pursuant to the 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan at exercise prices ranging from $0.06 to $13.70 per share, with 1,919,791 of these options issued on August 9, 2013 as replacement awards in connection with the Merger;

 

   

we granted to our named executive officers and directors options to purchase an aggregate of 2,879,504 shares of our common stock pursuant to the 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan at exercise prices ranging from $2.00 to $13.70 per share, with 1,117,241 of these options issued on August 9, 2013 as replacement awards in connection with the Merger; and

 

II-2


Table of Contents
   

we issued 23,318,580 shares of our common stock and 8,098,430 shares of our preferred stock to GrubHub Holdings Inc. in exchange for all of GrubHub Holdings Inc.’s equity interest on August 8, 2013, pursuant to the Reorganization and Contribution Agreement, dated as of May 19, 2013.

 

We believe these transactions were exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance upon Section 4(2) of the Securities Act or Regulation D promulgated thereunder, or Rule 701 promulgated under Section 3(b) of the Securities Act as transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering or pursuant to benefit plans and contracts relating to compensation as provided under Rule 701. The recipients of the securities in each of these transactions represented their intentions to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof, and appropriate legends were placed upon the stock certificates issued in these transactions. All recipients had adequate access, through their relationships with us, to information about GrubHub Inc.

 

Item 16. Exhibits

 

(a) Exhibits.

 

See the Exhibit Index on the page immediately following the signature page for a list of exhibits filed as part of this registration statement on Form S-1, which Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.

 

(b) Financial Statement Schedules.

 

All schedules are omitted because the required information is either not present, not present in material amounts or is presented within the consolidated financial statements included in the prospectus that is part of this registration statement.

 

Item 17. Undertakings

 

The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that:

 

  (1)   For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act, shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

 

  (2)   For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

II-3


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Chicago, State of Illinois, on March 14, 2014.

 

GrubHub Inc.

By:

 

/s/ Adam DeWitt

    Name:       Adam DeWitt
    Title:       Chief Financial Officer

 

* * * *

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement on Form S-1 has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Name

  

Title

 

Date

*

Matthew Maloney

   Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)   March 14, 2014

/s/ Adam DeWitt

Adam DeWitt

  

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)

  March 14, 2014

*

Michael Evans

  

Chief Operating Officer and Director

  March 14, 2014

*

Jonathan Zabusky

   President and Director   March 14, 2014

*

Brian McAndrews

   Director   March 14, 2014

*

David Fisher

   Director   March 14, 2014

*

Lloyd Frink

   Director   March 14, 2014

*

J. William Gurley

   Director   March 14, 2014

*

Justin Sadrian

   Director   March 14, 2014

*

Benjamin Spero

   Director   March 14, 2014

 

*By:  

/s/ Adam DeWitt

 

Adam DeWitt

Attorney-in-Fact

 

II-4


Table of Contents

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit
No.

   

Description

  1.1   Form of Underwriting Agreement.
  3.1      Form of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of GrubHub Inc.
  3.2      Form of Amended and Restated By-laws of GrubHub Inc.
  3.3      Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc. f/k/a GrubHub Holdings Inc.).
  3.4      By-laws of GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc. f/k/a GrubHub Holdings Inc.).
  4.1   Form of common stock certificate of the Registrant.
  5.1   Opinion of Kirkland & Ellis LLP.
  10.1       Registration Rights Agreement, dated August 8, 2013 by and among GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc. f/k/a Seamless GrubHub Holdings Inc.) and certain stockholders listed therein.
  10.2       Tax Matters Agreement, dated May 19, 2013, by and between GrubHub Holdings, Inc. Seamless Holdings Corporation and Aramark Holdings Corporation.
  10.3  **   Assurance of Discontinuance (Assurance Agreement), dated August 2, 2013, by and among the New York Attorney General’s Office and Seamless North America, LLC and GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.).
  10.4  **    Stockholders’ Agreement of Seamless GrubHub Holdings Inc., dated as of May 19, 2013, as amended on August 8, 2013 by and between Seamless GrubHub Holdings Inc. and certain stockholders listed therein.
  10.5  **    First Amendment to Stockholders’ Agreement of GrubHub Holdings Inc., dated as of August 8, 2013 by and between Seamless GrubHub Holdings Inc. and certain stockholders listed therein.
  10.6  **    Second Amendment to Stockholders’ Agreement of GrubHub Holdings Inc., dated as of February 7, 2014 by and between Seamless GrubHub Holdings Inc. and certain stockholders listed therein.
  10.7       Reorganization and Contribution Agreement, dated May 19, 2013, by and among Seamless North America, LLC, GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.), GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.), Pizza 1 Co., Pizza 2 Co., SLW Investor, LLC and Seamless Holdings Corporation.
  10.8  **    Employment Agreement between GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.) and Matthew Maloney, dated as of May 19, 2013.
  10.9  **    Employment Agreement between GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.) and Matthew Maloney, dated as of March 9, 2009.
  10.10  **    Employment Agreement between GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.) and Adam DeWitt, dated as of May 19, 2013.
  10.11  **    Employment Offer Letter between GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.) and Adam DeWitt, dated October 17, 2011.
  10.12  **    Protective Agreement and Agreement Not To Compete between GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.) and Adam DeWitt, dated as of October 7, 2011.
  10.13  **    Employment Agreement between GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.) and Michael Evans, dated as of May 22, 2013.
  10.14  **    Employment Agreement between GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.) and Michael Evans, dated as of March 9, 2009.

 

II-5


Table of Contents

Exhibit
No.

   

Description

  10.15  **    GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan.
  10.16  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Matthew Maloney, granted in replacement of options originally granted on April 23, 2012.
  10.17  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Matthew Maloney, granted in replacement of options originally granted on July 26, 2012.
  10.18  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Matthew Maloney, granted in replacement of options originally granted on November 16, 2012.
  10.19  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Matthew Maloney, granted in replacement of options originally granted on January 28, 2013.
  10.20  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Matthew Maloney, granted in replacement of options originally granted on March 12, 2013.
  10.21  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Adam DeWitt, granted in replacement of options originally granted on December 7, 2011.
  10.22  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Adam DeWitt, granted in replacement of options originally granted on December 7, 2011.
  10.23  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Adam DeWitt, granted in replacement of options originally granted on April 23, 2012.
  10.24  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Adam DeWitt, granted in replacement of options originally granted on July 26, 2012.
  10.25  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Adam DeWitt, granted in replacement of options originally granted on November 16, 2012.
  10.26  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Adam DeWitt, granted in replacement of options originally granted on March 12, 2013.
  10.27  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Michael Evans, granted in replacement of options originally granted on April 23, 2012.
  10.28  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Michael Evans, granted in replacement of options originally granted on July 26, 2012.
  10.29  **    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Michael Evans, granted in replacement of options originally granted on November 16, 2012.

 

II-6


Table of Contents

Exhibit
No.

  

Description

10.30**

   Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Michael Evans, granted in replacement of options originally granted on January 28, 2013.

10.31**

   Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Michael Evans, granted in replacement of options originally granted on March 12, 2013.
10.32**    Employment Offer Letter between SeamlessWeb Professional Solutions, LLC and Jonathan H. Zabusky, dated as of June 6, 2011.
10.33**    Agreement Relating to Employment and Post-Employment Competition between SeamlessWeb Professional Solutions, LLC and Jonathan H. Zabusky, dated as of June 6, 2011.
10.34**    Transaction and Severance Benefits Letter between Seamless North America, LLC and Jonathan H. Zabusky, dated as of May 13, 2013.
10.35**    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Jonathan H. Zabusky, granted in replacement of options originally granted on September 13, 2011.
10.36**    Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Jonathan H. Zabusky, granted in replacement of options originally granted on November 15, 2012.
10.37**    Employee Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement, dated November 3, 2010, by and between GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.) and Michael Evans.
10.38**    Employee Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement, dated November 3, 2010, by and between GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.) and Matthew Maloney.
10.39**    Note Cancellation and Stock Repurchase Agreement, dated December 21, 2012, by and between GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.), Matthew Maloney and Matt and Holly Maloney Family Limited.
10.40**    Note Cancellation and Stock Repurchase Agreement, dated December 21, 2012, by and between GrubHub Holdings Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub, Inc.) and Michael Evans.
10.41**   

Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Matthew Maloney, granted in replacement of options originally granted on January 28, 2014.

10.42**   

Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Adam DeWitt, granted in replacement of options originally granted on January 28, 2014.

10.43**   

Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement between GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and Jonathan Zabusky, granted in replacement of options originally granted on January 28, 2014.

21.1        List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
23.1    Consent of Crowe Horwath LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.
23.2    Consent of Crowe Horwath LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.
23.3  *      Consent of Kirkland & Ellis LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
24.1  **    Power of Attorney (included on the signature page of this Registration Statement).

 

*   To be filed by amendment.
**   Previously filed.

 

II-7

Exhibit 3.1

AMENDED AND RESTATED

CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF

GRUBHUB INC.

a Delaware corporation

GrubHub Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “ Corporation ”), hereby certifies as follows:

1. The name of the Corporation is GrubHub Inc. The date of the filing of its original Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware was May 10, 2013 (the “ Original Certificate ”). The name under which the Corporation filed the Original Certificate was GrubHub Holdings Inc.

2. This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “ Certificate ”) amends, restates and integrates the provisions of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on May 21, 2013 (the “ Existing Certificate ”), and was duly adopted in accordance with the provisions of Sections 228, 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “ DGCL ”).

3. The text of the Existing Certificate is hereby amended and restated in its entirety to provide as herein set forth in full.

ARTICLE I

The name of the Corporation is GrubHub Inc.

ARTICLE II

The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is The Corporation Trust Company, 1209 Orange Street, in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, Delaware 19801. The name of its registered agent at such address is CT Corporation System.

ARTICLE III

The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the DGCL.

ARTICLE IV

CAPITAL STOCK

The total number of shares of capital stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 525,000,000, of which (i) 500,000,000 shares shall be a class designated as common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “ Common Stock ”), and (ii) 25,000,000 shares shall be a class designated as undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “ Undesignated Preferred Stock ”). Upon the filing and effectiveness (the “ Effective Time ”) of


this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation pursuant to the DGCL, (i) each two (2) shares of the Corporation’s Common Stock issued and outstanding or held by the Corporation as treasury stock shall be combined into one (1) validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable share of Common Stock and (ii) each two (2) shares of the Corporation’s Class A Preferred Stock issued and outstanding or held by the Corporation as treasury stock shall be combined into one (1) validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable share of Class A Preferred Stock, in each case, without any further action by the Corporation or the holder thereof; provided that no fractional shares shall be issued to any holder and that instead of issuing such fractional shares, the Corporation shall round shares up to the nearest whole number.

Except as otherwise provided in any certificate of designations of any series of Undesignated Preferred Stock, the number of authorized shares of the class of Common Stock or Undesignated Preferred Stock may from time to time be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares of such class outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the DGCL.

The powers, preferences and rights of, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions upon, each class or series of stock shall be determined in accordance with, or as set forth below in, this Article IV.

A. COMMON STOCK

Subject to all the rights, powers and preferences of the Undesignated Preferred Stock and except as provided by law or in this Certificate (or in any certificate of designations of any series of Undesignated Preferred Stock):

(a) the holders of the Common Stock shall have the exclusive right to vote for the election of directors of the Corporation (the “ Directors ”) and on all other matters requiring stockholder action, each outstanding share entitling the holder thereof to one vote on each matter properly submitted to the stockholders of the Corporation for their vote; provided, however, that, except as otherwise required by law, holders of Common Stock, as such, shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to this Certificate (or on any amendment to a certificate of designations of any series of Undesignated Preferred Stock) that alters or changes the powers, preferences, rights or other terms of one or more outstanding series of Undesignated Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series of Undesignated Preferred Stock are entitled to vote, either separately or together with the holders of one or more other such series, on such amendment pursuant to this Certificate (or pursuant to a certificate of designations of any series of Undesignated Preferred Stock) or pursuant to the DGCL;

(b) dividends may be declared and paid or set apart for payment upon the Common Stock out of any assets or funds of the Corporation legally available for the payment of dividends, but only when and as declared by the Board of Directors or any authorized committee thereof;

 

2


(c) upon the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the net assets of the Corporation shall be distributed pro rata to the holders of the Common Stock; and

(d) no holder of Common Stock shall be entitled to cumulate votes on behalf of any candidate for a directorship.

B. UNDESIGNATED PREFERRED STOCK

1. The Board of Directors or any authorized committee thereof is expressly authorized, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to provide by resolution or resolutions for, out of the unissued shares of Undesignated Preferred Stock, the issuance of the shares of Undesignated Preferred Stock in one or more series of such stock, and by filing a certificate of designations pursuant to applicable law of the State of Delaware, to establish or change from time to time the number of shares of each such series, and to fix the designations, powers, including voting powers, full or limited, or no voting powers, preferences and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights of the shares of each series and any qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof.

2. Mandatory Conversion

(a) Immediately prior to (and contingent upon) the closing of the sale of shares of Common Stock to the public in an underwritten public offering pursuant to an effective registration statement (other than on Form S-4, Form S-8 or their equivalent) resulting in at least $60,000,000 of gross proceeds (before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions) (a “ Qualified IPO ;” the date of consummation of such Qualified IPO is referred to herein as the “ Mandatory Conversion Time ”).

(b) All holders of record of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be sent written notice of the Mandatory Conversion Time and the place designated for mandatory conversion of all such shares of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to this Section B(2) of Article IV. Such notice need not be sent in advance of the occurrence of the Mandatory Conversion Time. Upon receipt of such notice, to the extent such shares of Series A Preferred Stock are certificated, each holder of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall surrender his, her or its certificate or certificates for all such shares (or, if such holder alleges that such certificate has been lost, stolen or destroyed, a lost certificate affidavit and agreement reasonably acceptable to the Corporation to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against the Corporation on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of such certificate) to the Corporation at the place designated in such notice, and, if so required by the Corporation, certificates surrendered for conversion shall be endorsed or accompanied by written instrument or instruments of transfer, in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation, duly executed by the registered holder or by his, her or its attorney duly authorized in writing. All rights with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock converted pursuant to this Section B(2) of Article IV, including the rights, if any, to receive notices (other than as a holder of Common Stock) will terminate at the Mandatory Conversion Time (notwithstanding, to the extent such shares of Series A Preferred Stock are certificated, the failure of the holder or the holders thereof to surrender the certificates at or prior to such time), except for the rights of the holders thereof (to

 

3


the extent such shares are certificated, upon surrender of their certificate or certificates (or lost certificate affidavit and agreement) therefor) to receive the items provided for in the next sentence of this Section B(2) of Article IV. The Corporation shall, as soon as practicable after the Mandatory Conversion Time, (i)(a) to the extent such shares are not certificated, cause the appropriate and applicable adjustments to the Corporation’s book entry system to be made to give effect to such issuance of such number of full shares of Common Stock to be issued upon such conversion in accordance with this Section B(2) of Article IV to such holder or (b) to the extent such shares are certificated, issue and deliver to such holder of Series A Preferred Stock, a certificate or certificates for the number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion in accordance with the provisions of this Section B(2) of Article IV and (ii) pay all declared but unpaid dividends on the shares of Series A Preferred Stock converted. Such Series A Preferred Stock shall be retired and cancelled and may not be reissued as shares of such series, and the Corporation may thereafter take such appropriate action (without the need for stockholder action) as may be necessary to reduce the authorized number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock to zero.

ARTICLE V

STOCKHOLDER ACTION

1. Action without Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of stockholders and may not be taken or effected by a written consent of stockholders in lieu thereof.

2. Special Meetings. Except as otherwise required by statute and subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any series of Undesignated Preferred Stock, special meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation may be called only by the Board of Directors acting pursuant to a resolution approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Directors then in office, and special meetings of stockholders may not be called by any other person or persons. Only those matters set forth in the notice of the special meeting may be considered or acted upon at a special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation.

ARTICLE VI

DIRECTORS

1. General. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors except as otherwise provided herein or required by law.

2. Election of Directors. Election of Directors need not be by written ballot unless the By-laws of the Corporation (the “ By-laws ”) shall so provide.

3. Number of Directors; Term of Office. The number of Directors of the Corporation shall be fixed solely and exclusively by resolution duly adopted from time to time by the Board of Directors. The Directors, other than those who may be elected by the holders of any series of Undesignated Preferred Stock, shall be classified, with respect to the term for which they severally hold office, into three classes. The initial Class I Directors shall serve for a term

 

4


expiring at the first annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2015, the initial Class II Directors shall serve for a term expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2016, and the initial Class III Directors shall serve for a term expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2017. At each annual meeting of stockholders, Directors elected to succeed those Directors whose terms expire shall be elected for a term of office to expire at the third succeeding annual meeting of stockholders after their election. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Directors elected to each class shall hold office until their successors are duly elected and qualified or until their earlier resignation, death or removal.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, whenever, pursuant to the provisions of Article IV of this Certificate, the holders of any one or more series of Undesignated Preferred Stock shall have the right, voting separately as a series or together with holders of other such series, to elect Directors at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, the election, term of office, filling of vacancies and other features of such directorships shall be governed by the terms of this Certificate and any certificate of designations applicable to such series.

4. Vacancies. Subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any series of Undesignated Preferred Stock to elect Directors and to fill vacancies in the Board of Directors relating thereto, any and all vacancies in the Board of Directors, however occurring, including, without limitation, by reason of an increase in the size of the Board of Directors, or the death, resignation, disqualification or removal of a Director, shall be filled solely and exclusively by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining Directors then in office, even if less than a quorum of the Board of Directors, and not by the stockholders. Any Director appointed in accordance with the preceding sentence shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the class of Directors in which the new directorship was created or the vacancy occurred and until such Director’s successor shall have been duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation, death or removal. Subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any series of Undesignated Preferred Stock to elect Directors, when the number of Directors is increased or decreased, the Board of Directors shall, subject to Article VI.3 hereof, determine the class or classes to which the increased or decreased number of Directors shall be apportioned; provided, however, that no decrease in the number of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent Director. In the event of a vacancy in the Board of Directors, the remaining Directors, except as otherwise provided by law, shall exercise the powers of the full Board of Directors until the vacancy is filled.

5. Removal. Subject to the rights, if any, of any series of Undesignated Preferred Stock to elect Directors and to remove any Director whom the holders of any such series have the right to elect, any Director (including persons elected by Directors to fill vacancies in the Board of Directors) may be removed from office (i) only with cause and (ii) only by the affirmative vote of the holders of 75% or more of the outstanding shares of capital stock then entitled to vote at an election of Directors. At least forty-five (45) days prior to any annual or special meeting of stockholders at which it is proposed that any Director be removed from office, written notice of such proposed removal and the alleged grounds thereof shall be sent to the Director whose removal will be considered at the meeting.

 

5


ARTICLE VII

LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

A Director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a Director, except for liability (a) for any breach of the Director’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders, (b) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (c) under Section 174 of the DGCL or (d) for any transaction from which the Director derived an improper personal benefit. If the DGCL is amended after the effective date of this Certificate to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of Directors, then the liability of a Director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as so amended.

Any amendment, repeal or modification of this Article VII by either of (i) the stockholders of the Corporation or (ii) an amendment to the DGCL, shall not adversely affect any right or protection existing at the time of such amendment, repeal or modification with respect to any acts or omissions occurring before such amendment, repeal or modification of a person serving as a Director at the time of such amendment, repeal or modification.

ARTICLE VIII

EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF DELAWARE COURTS

Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law or the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws, or (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Article VIII.

ARTICLE IX

AMENDMENT OF BY-LAWS

1. Amendment by Directors. Except as otherwise provided by law, the By-laws of the Corporation may be amended or repealed by the Board of Directors by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Directors then in office.

2. Amendment by Stockholders. The By-laws of the Corporation may be amended or repealed at any annual meeting of stockholders, or special meeting of stockholders called for such purpose, by the affirmative vote of at least 75% of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote on such amendment or repeal, voting together as a single class; provided, however, that if the Board of Directors recommends that stockholders approve such amendment or repeal at such meeting of stockholders, such amendment or repeal shall only require the affirmative vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote on such amendment or repeal, voting together as a single class.

 

6


ARTICLE X

AMENDMENT OF CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

The Corporation reserves the right to amend or repeal this Certificate in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute and this Certificate, and all rights conferred upon stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation. Whenever any vote of the holders of capital stock of the Corporation is required to amend or repeal any provision of this Certificate, and in addition to any other vote of holders of capital stock that is required by this Certificate or by law, such amendment or repeal shall require the affirmative vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote on such amendment or repeal, and the affirmative vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote thereon as a class, at a duly constituted meeting of stockholders called expressly for such purpose; provided, however, that the affirmative vote of not less than 75% of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote on such amendment or repeal, and the affirmative vote of not less than 75% of the outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote thereon as a class, shall be required to amend or repeal any provision of Article V, Article VI, Article VII, Article VIII, Article IX , Article X or Article XI of this Certificate.

ARTICLE XI

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

The Corporation shall be governed by Section 203 of the DGCL.

ARTICLE XII

SEVERABILITY

If any provision or provisions of this Certificate shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any circumstance for any reason whatsoever: (i) the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Certificate (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph of this Certificate containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and (ii) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Certificate (including, without limitation, each such portion of any paragraph of this Certificate containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to permit the Corporation to protect its directors, officers, employees and agents from personal liability in respect of their good faith service to or for the benefit of the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by law.

 

7


THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION is executed as of this [    ] day of [            ], 2014.

 

GrubHub Inc.
By:  

 

Name:  

 

Title:  

 

 

8

Exhibit 3.2

AMENDED AND RESTATED

BY-LAWS

OF

GRUBHUB INC.

(the “Corporation”)

ARTICLE I

Stockholders

SECTION 1. Annual Meeting . The annual meeting of stockholders (any such meeting being referred to in these By-laws as an “ Annual Meeting ”) shall be held at the hour, date and place within or without the United States which is fixed by the Board of Directors, which time, date and place may subsequently be changed at any time by vote of the Board of Directors. If no Annual Meeting has been held for a period of thirteen (13) months after the Corporation’s last Annual Meeting, a special meeting in lieu thereof may be held, and such special meeting shall have, for the purposes of these By-laws or otherwise, all the force and effect of an Annual Meeting. Any and all references hereafter in these By-laws to an Annual Meeting or Annual Meetings also shall be deemed to refer to any special meeting(s) in lieu thereof.

SECTION 2. Notice of Stockholder Business and Nominations .

(a) Annual Meetings of Stockholders .

(1) Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors of the Corporation and the proposal of other business to be considered by the stockholders may be brought before an Annual Meeting (i) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (ii) by any stockholder of the Corporation who was a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice provided for in this By-law, who is entitled to vote at the meeting, who is present (in person or by proxy) at the meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this By-law as to such nomination or business. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing clause (ii) shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to bring nominations or business properly before an Annual Meeting (other than matters properly brought under Rule 14a-8 or Rule 14a-11 (or any successor rules) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”)), and such stockholder must comply with the notice and other procedures set forth in Article I, Section 2(a)(2) and (3) of this By-law to bring such nominations or business properly before an Annual Meeting. In addition to the other requirements set forth in this By-law, for any proposal of business to be considered at an Annual Meeting, it must be a proper subject for action by stockholders of the Corporation under Delaware law.

(2) For nominations or other business to be properly brought before an Annual Meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (ii) of Article I, Section 2(a)(1) of this By-law, the stockholder must (i) have given Timely Notice (as defined below) thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation, (ii) have provided any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in the forms required by this By-law and (iii) together with the beneficial owner(s),


if any, on whose behalf the nomination or business proposal is made, have acted in accordance with the representations set forth in the Solicitation Statement (as defined below) required by this By-law. To be timely, a stockholder’s written notice shall be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the ninetieth (90th) day nor earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to the one-year anniversary of the preceding year’s Annual Meeting; provided, however, that in the event the Annual Meeting is first convened more than thirty (30) days before or more than sixty (60) days after such anniversary date, or if no Annual Meeting were held in the preceding year, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be received by the Secretary of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to the scheduled date of such Annual Meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made (such notice within such time periods shall be referred to as “ Timely Notice ”). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary provided herein, for the first Annual Meeting following the initial public offering of common stock of the Corporation, a stockholder’s notice shall be timely if received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to the scheduled date of such Annual Meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such Annual Meeting is first made or sent by the Corporation. Such stockholder’s Timely Notice shall set forth:

(A) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director, all information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of directors in an election contest, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act (including such person’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected);

(B) as to any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting, and any material interest in such business of each Proposing Person (as defined below);

(C) (i) the name and address of the stockholder giving the notice, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, and the names and addresses of the other Proposing Persons (if any) and (ii) as to each Proposing Person, the following information: (a) the class or series and number of all shares of capital stock of the Corporation which are, directly or indirectly, owned beneficially or of record by such Proposing Person or any of its affiliates or associates (as such terms are defined in Rule 12b-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act), including any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation as to which such Proposing Person or any of its affiliates or associates has a right to acquire beneficial ownership at any time in the future, (b) all Synthetic Equity Interests (as defined below) in which such Proposing Person or any of its affiliates or associates, directly or indirectly, holds an interest including a description of the material terms of each such Synthetic Equity Interest, including without limitation, identification of the counterparty to each such Synthetic Equity Interest and disclosure, for each such Synthetic Equity Interest, as to (x) whether or not such Synthetic Equity Interest conveys any voting rights, directly or indirectly, in

 

2


such shares to such Proposing Person, (y) whether or not such Synthetic Equity Interest is required to be, or is capable of being, settled through delivery of such shares and (z) whether or not such Proposing Person and/or, to the extent known, the counterparty to such Synthetic Equity Interest has entered into other transactions that hedge or mitigate the economic effect of such Synthetic Equity Interest, (c) any proxy (other than a revocable proxy given in response to a public proxy solicitation made pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Act), agreement, arrangement, understanding or relationship pursuant to which such Proposing Person has or shares a right to, directly or indirectly, vote any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, (d) any rights to dividends or other distributions on the shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, directly or indirectly, owned beneficially by such Proposing Person that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the Corporation, and (e) any performance-related fees (other than an asset based fee) that such Proposing Person, directly or indirectly, is entitled to based on any increase or decrease in the value of shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation or any Synthetic Equity Interests (the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (a) through (e) are referred to, collectively, as “ Material Ownership Interests ”) and (iii) a description of the material terms of all agreements, arrangements or understandings (whether or not in writing) entered into by any Proposing Person or any of its affiliates or associates with any other person for the purpose of acquiring, holding, disposing or voting of any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation;

(D) (i) a description of all agreements, arrangements or understandings by and among any of the Proposing Persons, or by and among any Proposing Persons and any other person (including with any proposed nominee(s)), pertaining to the nomination(s) or other business proposed to be brought before the meeting of stockholders (which description shall identify the name of each other person who is party to such an agreement, arrangement or understanding), and (ii) identification of the names and addresses of other stockholders (including beneficial owners) known by any of the Proposing Persons to support such nominations or other business proposal(s), and to the extent known the class and number of all shares of the Corporation’s capital stock owned beneficially or of record by such other stockholder(s) or other beneficial owner(s); and

(E) a statement whether or not the stockholder giving the notice and/or the other Proposing Person(s), if any, will deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of, in the case of a business proposal, at least the percentage of voting power of all of the shares of capital stock of the Corporation required under applicable law to approve the proposal or, in the case of a nomination or nominations, at least the percentage of voting power of all of the shares of capital stock of the Corporation reasonably believed by such Proposing Person to be sufficient to elect the nominee or nominees proposed to be nominated by such stockholder (such statement, the “ Solicitation Statement ”).

For purposes of this Article I of these By-laws, the term “ Proposing Person ” shall mean the following persons: (i) the stockholder of record providing the notice of nominations or business proposed to be brought before a stockholders’ meeting, and (ii) the beneficial owner(s), if different, on whose behalf the nominations or business proposed to be brought before a

 

3


stockholders’ meeting is made. For purposes of this Section 2 of Article I of these By-laws, the term “ Synthetic Equity Interest ” shall mean any transaction, agreement or arrangement (or series of transactions, agreements or arrangements), including, without limitation, any derivative, swap, hedge, repurchase or so-called “stock borrowing” agreement or arrangement, the purpose or effect of which is to, directly or indirectly: (a) give a person or entity economic benefit and/or risk similar to ownership of shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, in whole or in part, including due to the fact that such transaction, agreement or arrangement provides, directly or indirectly, the opportunity to profit or avoid a loss from any increase or decrease in the value of any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, (b) mitigate loss to, reduce the economic risk of or manage the risk of share price changes for, any person or entity with respect to any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, (c) otherwise provide in any manner the opportunity to profit or avoid a loss from any decrease in the value of any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, or (d) increase or decrease the voting power of any person or entity with respect to any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation.

(3) A stockholder providing Timely Notice of nominations or business proposed to be brought before an Annual Meeting shall further update and supplement such notice, if necessary, so that the information (including, without limitation, the Material Ownership Interests information) provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this By-law shall be true and correct as of the record date for the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) business days prior to such Annual Meeting, and such update and supplement shall be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the fifth (5th) business day after the record date for the Annual Meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of the record date), and not later than the close of business on the eighth (8th) business day prior to the date of the Annual Meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10) business days prior to the meeting).

(4) Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of Article I, Section 2(a)(2) of this By-law to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors of the Corporation is increased and there is no public announcement naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased Board of Directors made by the Corporation at least ten (10) days before the last day a stockholder may deliver a notice of nomination in accordance with the second sentence of Article I, Section 2(a)(2), a stockholder’s notice required by this By-law shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be received by the Secretary of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.

(b) General .

(1) Only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the provisions of this By-law or in accordance with Rule 14a-11 under the Exchange Act shall be eligible for election and to serve as directors and only such business shall be conducted at an Annual Meeting as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of this By-law or in accordance with Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act. The Board of Directors or a

 

4


designated committee thereof shall have the power to determine whether a nomination or any business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made in accordance with the provisions of this By-law. If neither the Board of Directors nor such designated committee makes a determination as to whether any stockholder proposal or nomination was made in accordance with the provisions of this By-law, the presiding officer of the Annual Meeting shall have the power and duty to determine whether the stockholder proposal or nomination was made in accordance with the provisions of this By-law. If the Board of Directors or a designated committee thereof or the presiding officer, as applicable, determines that any stockholder proposal or nomination was not made in accordance with the provisions of this By-law, such proposal or nomination shall be disregarded and shall not be presented for action at the Annual Meeting.

(2) Except as otherwise required by law, nothing in this Article I, Section 2 shall obligate the Corporation or the Board of Directors to include in any proxy statement or other stockholder communication distributed on behalf of the Corporation or the Board of Directors information with respect to any nominee for director or any other matter of business submitted by a stockholder.

(3) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Article I, Section 2, if the nominating or proposing stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the Annual Meeting to present a nomination or any business, such nomination or business shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation. For purposes of this Article I, Section 2, to be considered a qualified representative of the proposing stockholder, a person must be authorized by a written instrument executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such written instrument or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the written instrument or electronic transmission, to the presiding officer at the meeting of stockholders.

(4) For purposes of this By-law, “public announcement” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

(5) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this By-law, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this By-law. Nothing in this By-law shall be deemed to affect any rights of (i) stockholders to have nominations or proposals included in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 or Rule 14a-11 (or any successor rules), as applicable, under the Exchange Act and, to the extent required by such rule, have such nominations or proposals considered and voted on at an Annual Meeting or (ii) the holders of any series of Undesignated Preferred Stock (as defined in the Certificate) to elect directors under specified circumstances.

 

5


SECTION 3. Special Meetings .

(a) Except as otherwise required by statute and subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any series of Undesignated Preferred Stock, special meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation may be called only by the Board of Directors acting pursuant to a resolution approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Directors then in office.

(b) Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors. The notice of such special meeting shall include the purpose for which the meeting is called. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected (a) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (b) provided that the Board of Directors has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder who is a stockholder of record of the Corporation at the time of giving of notice provided for in this paragraph, who shall be entitled to vote at the meeting, who is present (in person or by proxy) at the meeting and who complies with the notice and other procedures (including the content of such notice and the procedures to update and supplement such notice) applicable to nominations at Annual Meetings set forth in Article I, Section 2 of these By-laws; provided, however, that for such notice to be considered timely for purposes of this Section 3, such notice shall have been received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation no later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to the scheduled date of such special meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. If the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board of Directors, the provisions of Article I, Section 2 of these By-laws applicable to director nominations at an Annual Meeting shall apply to this Section 3 as if such special meeting were an Annual Meeting (subject to the proviso included in the immediately preceding sentence). A person shall not be eligible for election or reelection as a director at a special meeting unless the person is nominated (i) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (ii) by a stockholder of record in accordance with the notice and other procedures set forth in this Article I.

(c) For the avoidance of doubt, notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 3, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to matters set forth in this Section 3. Nothing in this Section 3 shall be deemed to affect any rights of (i) stockholders to have proposals included in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor rule) under the Exchange Act and, to the extent required by such rule, have such proposals considered and voted on at a special meeting of stockholders or (ii) the holders of any series of Undesignated Preferred Stock to elect directors under specified circumstances.

(d) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Section 3 to the contrary, if the proposing stockholder or its qualified representative (as such term is defined in Article I, Section 2(b)(3) of these By-Laws) does not appear at the special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to present a nomination, such nomination shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation.

 

6


SECTION 4. Notice of Meetings; Adjournments .

(a) A notice of each Annual Meeting stating the hour, date and place, if any, of such Annual Meeting and the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, shall be given not less than ten (10) days nor more than sixty (60) days before the Annual Meeting, to each stockholder entitled to vote thereat by delivering such notice to such stockholder or by mailing it, postage prepaid, addressed to such stockholder at the address of such stockholder as it appears on the Corporation’s stock transfer books. Without limiting the manner by which notice may otherwise be given to stockholders, any notice to stockholders may be given by electronic transmission in the manner provided in Section 232 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“ DGCL ”).

(b) Notice of all special meetings of stockholders shall be given in the same manner as provided for Annual Meetings, except that the notice of all special meetings shall state the purpose or purposes for which the meeting has been called.

(c) Notice of an Annual Meeting or special meeting of stockholders need not be given to a stockholder if a waiver of notice is executed, or waiver of notice by electronic transmission is provided, before or after such meeting by such stockholder or if such stockholder attends such meeting, unless such attendance is for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting was not lawfully called or convened.

(d) The Board of Directors may postpone and reschedule any previously scheduled Annual Meeting or special meeting of stockholders and any record date with respect thereto, regardless of whether any notice or public disclosure with respect to any such meeting has been sent or made pursuant to Section 2 of this Article I of these By-laws or otherwise. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment, postponement or rescheduling of any previously scheduled meeting of stockholders commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice under this Article I of these By-laws.

(e) When any meeting is convened, the presiding officer may adjourn the meeting if (i) no quorum is present for the transaction of business, (ii) the Board of Directors determines that adjournment is necessary or appropriate to enable the stockholders to consider fully information which the Board of Directors determines has not been made sufficiently or timely available to stockholders, or (iii) the Board of Directors determines that adjournment is otherwise in the best interests of the Corporation. When any Annual Meeting or special meeting of stockholders is adjourned to another hour, date or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting other than an announcement at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken of the hour, date and place, if any, to which the meeting is adjourned and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting; provided, however, that if the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days from the meeting date, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, notice of the adjourned meeting and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote thereat and each stockholder who, by law or under the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation (as the same may hereafter be amended and/or restated, the “ Certificate ”) or these By-laws, is entitled to such notice.

 

7


SECTION 5. Quorum . A majority of the shares entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of stockholders. If less than a quorum is present at a meeting, the holders of voting stock representing a majority of the voting power present at the meeting or the presiding officer may adjourn the meeting from time to time, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice, except as provided in Section 4 of this Article I. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed. The stockholders present at a duly constituted meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.

SECTION 6. Voting and Proxies . Stockholders shall have one vote for each share of stock entitled to vote owned by them of record according to the stock ledger of the Corporation as of the record date, unless otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate. Stockholders may vote either (i) in person, (ii) by written proxy or (iii) by a transmission permitted by Section 212(c) of the DGCL. Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable reproduction of the writing or transmission permitted by Section 212(c) of the DGCL may be substituted for or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for any and all purposes for which the original writing or transmission could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original writing or transmission. Proxies shall be filed in accordance with the procedures established for the meeting of stockholders. Except as otherwise limited therein or as otherwise provided by law, proxies authorizing a person to vote at a specific meeting shall entitle the persons authorized thereby to vote at any adjournment of such meeting, but they shall not be valid after final adjournment of such meeting. A proxy with respect to stock held in the name of two or more persons shall be valid if executed by or on behalf of any one of them unless at or prior to the exercise of the proxy the Corporation receives a specific written notice to the contrary from any one of them.

SECTION 7. Action at Meeting . When a quorum is present at any meeting of stockholders, any matter before any such meeting (other than an election of a director or directors) shall be decided by a majority of the votes properly cast for and against such matter, except where a larger vote is required by law, by the Certificate or by these By-laws. Any election of directors by stockholders shall be determined by a plurality of the votes properly cast on the election of directors.

SECTION 8. Stockholder Lists . The Secretary or an Assistant Secretary (or the Corporation’s transfer agent or other person authorized by these By-laws or by law) shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every Annual Meeting or special meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting in the manner provided by law. The list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting as provided by law.

 

8


SECTION 9. Presiding Officer . The Board of Directors shall designate a representative to preside over all Annual Meetings or special meetings of stockholders, provided that if the Board of Directors does not so designate such a presiding officer, then the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, shall preside over such meetings. If the Board of Directors does not so designate such a presiding officer and there is no Chairman of the Board or the Chairman of the Board is unable to so preside or is absent, then the Chief Executive Officer, if one is elected, shall preside over such meetings, provided further that if there is no Chief Executive Officer or the Chief Executive Officer is unable to so preside or is absent, then the President shall preside over such meetings. The presiding officer at any Annual Meeting or special meeting of stockholders shall have the power, among other things, to adjourn such meeting at any time and from time to time, subject to Sections 4 and 5 of this Article I. The order of business and all other matters of procedure at any meeting of the stockholders shall be determined by the presiding officer.

SECTION 10. Inspectors of Elections . The Corporation shall, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof. The Corporation may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the presiding officer shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Any inspector may, but need not, be an officer, employee or agent of the Corporation. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The inspectors shall perform such duties as are required by the DGCL, including the counting of all votes and ballots. The inspectors may appoint or retain other persons or entities to assist the inspectors in the performance of the duties of the inspectors. The presiding officer may review all determinations made by the inspectors, and in so doing the presiding officer shall be entitled to exercise his or her sole judgment and discretion and he or she shall not be bound by any determinations made by the inspectors. All determinations by the inspectors and, if applicable, the presiding officer, shall be subject to further review by any court of competent jurisdiction.

ARTICLE II

Directors

SECTION 1. Powers . The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors except as otherwise provided by the Certificate or required by law.

SECTION 2. Number and Terms . The number of directors of the Corporation shall be fixed solely and exclusively by resolution duly adopted from time to time by the Board of Directors. Directors shall (except for the filling of vacancies and newly created directorships) be elected by the holders of a plurality of the votes cast by the holders of shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of such directors. The directors shall hold office in the manner provided in the Certificate.

SECTION 3. Qualification . No director need be a stockholder of the Corporation.

 

9


SECTION 4. Vacancies . Vacancies in the Board of Directors shall be filled in the manner provided in the Certificate.

SECTION 5. Removal . Directors may be removed from office only in the manner provided in the Certificate.

SECTION 6. Resignation . A director may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, the President or the Secretary. A resignation shall be effective upon receipt, unless the resignation otherwise provides.

SECTION 7. Regular Meetings . The regular annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held, without notice other than this Section 7, on the same date and at the same place as the Annual Meeting following the close of such meeting of stockholders. Other regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such hour, date and place as the Board of Directors may by resolution from time to time determine and publicize by means of reasonable notice given to any director who is not present at the meeting at which such resolution is adopted.

SECTION 8. Special Meetings . Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called, orally or in writing, by or at the request of a majority of the directors, the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, or the President. The person calling any such special meeting of the Board of Directors may fix the hour, date and place thereof.

SECTION 9. Notice of Meetings . Notice of the hour, date and place of all special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be given to each director by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, or in case of the death, absence, incapacity or refusal of such persons, by the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, or the President or such other officer designated by the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, or the President. Notice of any special meeting of the Board of Directors shall be given to each director in person, by telephone, or by facsimile, electronic mail or other form of electronic communication, sent to his or her business or home address, at least twenty-four (24) hours in advance of the meeting, or by written notice mailed to his or her business or home address, at least forty-eight (48) hours in advance of the meeting. Such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when hand-delivered to such address, read to such director by telephone, deposited in the mail so addressed, with postage thereon prepaid if mailed, dispatched or transmitted if sent by facsimile transmission or by electronic mail or other form of electronic communications. A written waiver of notice signed before or after a meeting by a director and filed with the records of the meeting shall be deemed to be equivalent to notice of the meeting. The attendance of a director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where a director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because such meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Except as otherwise required by law, by the Certificate or by these By-laws, neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any meeting of the Board of Directors need be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting.

SECTION 10. Quorum . At any meeting of the Board of Directors, a majority of the total number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but if less than a quorum is present at a meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice. Any business

 

10


which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed may be transacted at such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present. For purposes of this section, the total number of directors includes any unfilled vacancies on the Board of Directors.

SECTION 11. Action at Meeting . At any meeting of the Board of Directors at which a quorum is present, the vote of a majority of the directors present shall constitute action by the Board of Directors, unless otherwise required by law, by the Certificate or by these By-laws.

SECTION 12. Action by Consent . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of Directors consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the records of the meetings of the Board of Directors. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form. Such consent shall be treated as a resolution of the Board of Directors for all purposes.

SECTION 13. Manner of Participation . Directors may participate in meetings of the Board of Directors by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all directors participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting in accordance herewith shall constitute presence in person at such meeting for purposes of these By-laws.

SECTION 14. Presiding Director . The Board of Directors shall designate a representative to preside over all meetings of the Board of Directors, provided that if the Board of Directors does not so designate such a presiding director or such designated presiding director is unable to so preside or is absent, then the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, shall preside over all meetings of the Board of Directors. If both the designated presiding director, if one is so designated, and the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, are unable to preside or are absent, the Board of Directors shall designate an alternate representative to preside over a meeting of the Board of Directors.

SECTION 15. Committees . The Board of Directors, by vote of a majority of the directors then in office, may elect one or more committees, including, without limitation, an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and may delegate thereto some or all of its powers except those which by law, by the Certificate or by these By-laws may not be delegated. Except as the Board of Directors may otherwise determine, any such committee may make rules for the conduct of its business, but unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors or in such rules, its business shall be conducted so far as possible in the same manner as is provided by these By-laws for the Board of Directors. All members of such committees shall hold such offices at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may abolish any such committee at any time. Any committee to which the Board of Directors delegates any of its powers or duties shall keep records of its meetings and shall report its action to the Board of Directors.

SECTION 16. Compensation of Directors . Directors shall receive such compensation for their services as shall be determined by a majority of the Board of Directors, or a designated committee thereof, provided that directors who are serving the Corporation as employees and who receive compensation for their services as such, shall not receive any salary or other compensation for their services as directors of the Corporation.

 

11


SECTION 17. Reliance on Books and Records . A member of the Board of Directors, or a member of any committee designated by the Board of Directors shall, in the performance of such person’s duties, be fully protected in relying in good faith upon records of the Corporation and upon such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Corporation by any of the Corporation’s officers or employees, or committees of the Board if Directors, or by any other person as to matters the member reasonably believes are within such other person’s professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Corporation.

ARTICLE III

Officers

SECTION 1. Enumeration . The officers of the Corporation shall consist of a President, a Treasurer, a Secretary and such other officers, including, without limitation, a Chairman of the Board of Directors, a Chief Executive Officer, a Chief Financial Officer, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Information Officer and one or more Vice Presidents (including Executive Vice Presidents or Senior Vice Presidents), Assistant Vice Presidents, Assistant Treasurers and Assistant Secretaries, as the Board of Directors may determine.

SECTION 2. Election . At the regular annual meeting of the Board of Directors following the Annual Meeting, the Board of Directors shall elect the President, the Treasurer and the Secretary. Other officers may be elected by the Board of Directors at such regular annual meeting of the Board of Directors or at any other regular or special meeting.

SECTION 3. Qualification . No officer need be a stockholder or a director. Any person may occupy more than one office of the Corporation at any time.

SECTION 4. Tenure . Except as otherwise provided by the Certificate or by these Bylaws, each of the officers of the Corporation shall hold office for such terms as may be determined by the Board or, except with respect to his or her own office, the Chief Executive Officer, or until their respective successors are chosen and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal.

SECTION 5. Resignation . Any officer may resign by delivering his or her written resignation to the Corporation addressed to the President or the Secretary, and such resignation shall be effective upon receipt, unless the resignation otherwise provides.

SECTION 6. Removal . Except as otherwise provided by law, the Board of Directors may remove any officer with or without cause by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office.

SECTION 7. Absence or Disability . In the event of the absence or disability of any officer, the Board of Directors may designate another officer to act temporarily in place of such absent or disabled officer.

 

12


SECTION 8. Vacancies . Any vacancy in any office may be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by the Board of Directors.

SECTION 9. President . The President shall, subject to the direction of the Board of Directors, have such powers and shall perform such duties as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.

SECTION 10. Chairman of the Board . The Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.

SECTION 11. Chief Executive Officer . The Chief Executive Officer, if one is elected, shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.

SECTION 12. Vice Presidents and Assistant Vice Presidents . Any Vice President (including any Executive Vice President or Senior Vice President) and any Assistant Vice President shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time designate.

SECTION 13. Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers . The Treasurer shall, subject to the direction of the Board of Directors and except as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may otherwise provide, have general charge of the financial affairs of the Corporation and shall cause to be kept accurate books of account. The Treasurer shall have custody of all funds, securities, and valuable documents of the Corporation. He or she shall have such other duties and powers as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer. Any Assistant Treasurer shall have such powers and perform such duties as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time designate.

SECTION 14. Secretary and Assistant Secretaries . The Secretary shall record all the proceedings of the meetings of the stockholders and the Board of Directors (including committees of the Board of Directors) in books kept for that purpose. In his or her absence from any such meeting, a temporary secretary chosen at the meeting shall record the proceedings thereof. The Secretary shall have charge of the stock ledger (which may, however, be kept by any transfer or other agent of the Corporation). The Secretary shall have custody of the seal of the Corporation, and the Secretary, or an Assistant Secretary shall have authority to affix it to any instrument requiring it, and, when so affixed, the seal may be attested by his or her signature or that of an Assistant Secretary. The Secretary shall have such other duties and powers as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer. In the absence of the Secretary, any Assistant Secretary may perform his or her duties and responsibilities. Any Assistant Secretary shall have such powers and perform such duties as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time designate.

SECTION 15. Other Powers and Duties . Subject to these By-laws and to such limitations as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe, the officers of the Corporation shall each have such powers and duties as generally pertain to their respective offices, as well as such powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer.

 

13


ARTICLE IV

Capital Stock

SECTION 1. Certificates of Stock . Each stockholder shall be entitled to a certificate of the capital stock of the Corporation in such form as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board of Directors. Such certificate shall be signed by the Chairman of the Board, the President, the Chief Executive Officer or a Vice President, and by the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary. The Corporation seal and the signatures by the Corporation’s officers, the transfer agent or the registrar may be facsimiles. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed on such certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he or she were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the time of its issue. Every certificate for shares of stock which are subject to any restriction on transfer and every certificate issued when the Corporation is authorized to issue more than one class or series of stock shall contain such legend with respect thereto as is required by law. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary provided in these Bylaws, the Board of Directors of the Corporation may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares (except that the foregoing shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation), and by the approval and adoption of these Bylaws the Board of Directors has determined that all classes or series of the Corporation’s stock may be uncertificated, whether upon original issuance, re-issuance, or subsequent transfer.

SECTION 2. Transfers . Subject to any restrictions on transfer and unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, shares of stock that are represented by a certificate may be transferred on the books of the Corporation by the surrender to the Corporation or its transfer agent of the certificate theretofore properly endorsed or accompanied by a written assignment or power of attorney properly executed, with transfer stamps (if necessary) affixed, and with such proof of the authenticity of signature as the Corporation or its transfer agent may reasonably require. Shares of stock that are not represented by a certificate may be transferred on the books of the Corporation by submitting to the Corporation or its transfer agent such evidence of transfer and following such other procedures as the Corporation or its transfer agent may require.

SECTION 3. Record Holders . Except as may otherwise be required by law, by the Certificate or by these By-laws, the Corporation shall be entitled to treat the record holder of stock as shown on its books as the owner of such stock for all purposes, including the payment of dividends and the right to vote with respect thereto, regardless of any transfer, pledge or other disposition of such stock, until the shares have been transferred on the books of the Corporation in accordance with the requirements of these By-laws.

SECTION 4. Record Date . In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any

 

14


rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date: (a) in the case of determination of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders, shall, unless otherwise required by law, not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting and (b) in the case of any other action, shall not be more than sixty (60) days prior to such other action. If no record date is fixed: (i) the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held; and (ii) the record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.

SECTION 5. Replacement of Certificates . In case of the alleged loss, destruction or mutilation of a certificate of stock of the Corporation, a duplicate certificate may be issued in place thereof, upon such terms as the Board of Directors may prescribe.

SECTION 6. Fractional Shares . The Corporation may, but shall not be required to, issue fractions of a share.

ARTICLE V

Indemnification

SECTION 1. Definitions . For purposes of this Article:

(a) “ Corporate Status ” describes the status of a person who is serving or has served (i) as a Director of the Corporation, (ii) as an Officer of the Corporation, (iii) as a Non-Officer Employee of the Corporation, or (iv) as a director, partner, trustee, officer, employee or agent of any other corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan, foundation, association, organization or other legal entity which such person is or was serving at the request of the Corporation. For purposes of this Section 1(a), a Director, Officer or Non-Officer Employee of the Corporation who is serving or has served as a director, partner, trustee, officer, employee or agent of a Subsidiary shall be deemed to be serving at the request of the Corporation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, “ Corporate Status ” shall not include the status of a person who is serving or has served as a director, officer, employee or agent of a constituent corporation absorbed in a merger or consolidation transaction with the Corporation with respect to such person’s activities prior to said transaction, unless specifically authorized by the Board of Directors or the stockholders of the Corporation;

(b) “ Corporation ” shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed into the Corporation in a consolidation or merger if such corporation would have been permitted (if its corporate existence had continued) under applicable law to indemnify its directors, officers, employees or agents, so that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such constituent corporation, or is or was serving at the request, or to represent the interests of, such constituent corporation as an Officer of any affiliated entity shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Article V with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as such person would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued;

 

15


(c) “ Director ” means any person who serves or has served the Corporation as a director on the Board of Directors of the Corporation;

(d) “ Disinterested Director ” means, with respect to each Proceeding in respect of which indemnification is sought hereunder, a Director of the Corporation who is not and was not a party to such Proceeding;

(e) “ Expenses ” means all attorneys’ fees, retainers, court costs, transcript costs, fees of expert witnesses, private investigators and professional advisors (including, without limitation, accountants and investment bankers), travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, costs of preparation of demonstrative evidence and other courtroom presentation aids and devices, costs incurred in connection with document review, organization, imaging and computerization, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, and all other disbursements, costs or expenses of the type customarily incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, being or preparing to be a witness in, settling or otherwise participating in, a Proceeding;

(f) “ Liabilities ” means judgments, damages, liabilities, losses, penalties, excise taxes, fines and amounts paid in settlement;

(g) “ Non-Officer Employee ” means any person who serves or has served as an employee or agent of the Corporation, but who is not or was not a Director or Officer;

(h) “ Officer ” means any person who serves or has served the Corporation as an officer of the Corporation appointed by the Board of Directors of the Corporation;

(i) “ Proceeding ” means any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, arbitration, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, inquiry, investigation, administrative hearing or other proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, arbitrative or investigative; and

(j) “ Subsidiary ” shall mean any corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust or other entity of which the Corporation owns (either directly or through or together with another Subsidiary of the Corporation) either (i) a general partner, managing member or other similar interest or (ii) (A) fifty percent (50%) or more of the voting power of the voting capital equity interests of such corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture or other entity, or (B) fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding voting capital stock or other voting equity interests of such corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture or other entity.

SECTION 2. Indemnification of Directors and Officers .

(a) Subject to the operation of Section 4 of this Article V of these By-laws, each Director and Officer shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than such law permitted the Corporation to provide prior to such amendment), and to the extent authorized in this Section 2.

 

16


(1) Actions, Suits and Proceedings Other than By or In the Right of the Corporation . Each Director and Officer shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation against any and all Expenses and Liabilities that are incurred or paid by such Director or Officer or on such Director’s or Officer’s behalf in connection with any Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein (other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation), which such Director or Officer is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or participant in by reason of such Director’s or Officer’s Corporate Status, if such Director or Officer acted in good faith and in a manner such Director or Officer reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation and, with respect to any criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.

(2) Actions, Suits and Proceedings By or In the Right of the Corporation . Each Director and Officer shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation against any and all Expenses that are incurred by such Director or Officer or on such Director’s or Officer’s behalf in connection with any Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein by or in the right of the Corporation, which such Director or Officer is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or participant in by reason of such Director’s or Officer’s Corporate Status, if such Director or Officer acted in good faith and in a manner such Director or Officer reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation; provided, however, that no indemnification shall be made under this Section 2(a)(2) in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such Director or Officer shall have been finally adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction to be liable to the Corporation, unless, and only to the extent that, the Court of Chancery or another court in which such Proceeding was brought shall determine upon application that, despite adjudication of liability, but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such Director or Officer is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification for such Expenses that such court deems proper.

(3) Survival of Rights . The rights of indemnification provided by this Section 2 shall continue as to a Director or Officer after he or she has ceased to be a Director or Officer and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors, administrators and personal representatives.

(4) Actions by Directors or Officers . Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation shall indemnify any Director or Officer seeking indemnification in connection with a Proceeding initiated by such Director or Officer only if such Proceeding (including any parts of such Proceeding not initiated by such Director or Officer) was authorized in advance by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, unless such Proceeding was brought to enforce such Officer’s or Director’s rights to indemnification or, in the case of Directors, advancement of Expenses under these Bylaws in accordance with the provisions set forth herein.

SECTION 3. Indemnification of Non-Officer Employees . Subject to the operation of Section 4 of this Article V of these By-laws, each Non-Officer Employee may, in the discretion of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, be indemnified by the Corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended, against any or

 

17


all Expenses and Liabilities that are incurred by such Non-Officer Employee or on such Non-Officer Employee’s behalf in connection with any threatened, pending or completed Proceeding, or any claim, issue or matter therein, which such Non-Officer Employee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or participant in by reason of such Non-Officer Employee’s Corporate Status, if such Non-Officer Employee acted in good faith and in a manner such Non-Officer Employee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation and, with respect to any criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. The rights of indemnification provided by this Section 3 shall exist as to a Non-Officer Employee after he or she has ceased to be a Non-Officer Employee and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, personal representatives, executors and administrators. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation may indemnify any Non-Officer Employee seeking indemnification in connection with a Proceeding initiated by such Non-Officer Employee only if such Proceeding was authorized in advance by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.

SECTION 4. Determination . Unless ordered by a court, no indemnification shall be provided pursuant to this Article V to a Director, to an Officer or to a Non-Officer Employee unless a determination shall have been made that such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation and, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, such person had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. Such determination shall be made by (a) a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a quorum of the Board of Directors, (b) a committee comprised of Disinterested Directors, such committee having been designated by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors (even though less than a quorum), (c) if there are no such Disinterested Directors, or if a majority of Disinterested Directors so directs, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (d) by the stockholders of the Corporation.

SECTION 5. Advancement of Expenses to Directors Prior to Final Disposition .

(a) The Corporation shall advance all Expenses incurred by or on behalf of any Director in connection with any Proceeding in which such Director is involved by reason of such Director’s Corporate Status within thirty (30) days after the receipt by the Corporation of a written statement from such Director requesting such advance or advances from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding. Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the Expenses incurred by such Director and shall be preceded or accompanied by an undertaking by or on behalf of such Director to repay any Expenses so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such Director is not entitled to be indemnified against such Expenses. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation shall advance all Expenses incurred by or on behalf of any Director seeking advancement of expenses hereunder in connection with a Proceeding initiated by such Director only if such Proceeding (including any parts of such Proceeding not initiated by such Director) was (i) authorized by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, or (ii) brought to enforce such Director’s rights to indemnification or advancement of Expenses under these By-laws.

(b) If a claim for advancement of Expenses hereunder by a Director is not paid in full by the Corporation within thirty (30) days after receipt by the Corporation of documentation of Expenses and the required undertaking, such Director may at any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and if successful in whole or

 

18


in part, such Director shall also be entitled to be paid the expenses of prosecuting such claim. The failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors or any committee thereof, independent legal counsel, or stockholders) to make a determination concerning the permissibility of such advancement of Expenses under this Article V shall not be a defense to an action brought by a Director for recovery of the unpaid amount of an advancement claim and shall not create a presumption that such advancement is not permissible. The burden of proving that a Director is not entitled to an advancement of expenses shall be on the Corporation.

(c) In any suit brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the Corporation shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon a final adjudication that the Director has not met any applicable standard for indemnification set forth in the DGCL.

SECTION 6. Advancement of Expenses to Officers and Non-Officer Employees Prior to Final Disposition .

(a) The Corporation may, at the discretion of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, advance any or all Expenses incurred by or on behalf of any Officer or any Non-Officer Employee in connection with any Proceeding in which such person is involved by reason of his or her Corporate Status as an Officer or Non-Officer Employee upon the receipt by the Corporation of a statement or statements from such Officer or Non-Officer Employee requesting such advance or advances from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding. Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the Expenses incurred by such Officer or Non-Officer Employee and shall be preceded or accompanied by an undertaking by or on behalf of such person to repay any Expenses so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such Officer or Non-Officer Employee is not entitled to be indemnified against such Expenses.

(b) In any suit brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the Corporation shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon a final adjudication that the Officer or Non-Officer Employee has not met any applicable standard for indemnification set forth in the DGCL.

SECTION 7. Contractual Nature of Rights .

(a) The provisions of this Article V shall be deemed to be a contract between the Corporation and each Director and Officer entitled to the benefits hereof at any time while this Article V is in effect, in consideration of such person’s past or current and any future performance of services for the Corporation. Neither amendment, repeal or modification of any provision of this Article V nor the adoption of any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation inconsistent with this Article V shall eliminate or reduce any right conferred by this Article V in respect of any act or omission occurring, or any cause of action or claim that accrues or arises or any state of facts existing, at the time of or before such amendment, repeal, modification or adoption of an inconsistent provision (even in the case of a proceeding based on such a state of facts that is commenced after such time), and all rights to indemnification and advancement of Expenses granted herein or arising out of any act or omission shall vest at the time of the act or omission in question, regardless of when or if any proceeding with respect to such act or

 

19


omission is commenced. The rights to indemnification and to advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article V shall continue notwithstanding that the person has ceased to be a director or officer of the Corporation and shall inure to the benefit of the estate, heirs, executors, administrators, legatees and distributes of such person.

(b) If a claim for indemnification hereunder by a Director or Officer is not paid in full by the Corporation within sixty (60) days after receipt by the Corporation of a written claim for indemnification, such Director or Officer may at any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim, and if successful in whole or in part, such Director or Officer shall also be entitled to be paid the expenses of prosecuting such claim. The failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors or any committee thereof, independent legal counsel, or stockholders) to make a determination concerning the permissibility of such indemnification under this Article V shall not be a defense to an action brought by a Director or Officer for recovery of the unpaid amount of an indemnification claim and shall not create a presumption that such indemnification is not permissible. The burden of proving that a Director or Officer is not entitled to indemnification shall be on the Corporation.

(c) In any suit brought by a Director or Officer to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder, it shall be a defense that such Director or Officer has not met any applicable standard for indemnification set forth in the DGCL.

SECTION 8. Non-Exclusivity of Rights . The rights to indemnification and to advancement of Expenses set forth in this Article V shall not be exclusive of any other right which any Director, Officer, or Non-Officer Employee may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate or these By-laws, agreement, vote of stockholders or Disinterested Directors or otherwise.

SECTION 9. Insurance . The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any Director, Officer or Non-Officer Employee against any liability of any character asserted against or incurred by the Corporation or any such Director, Officer or Non-Officer Employee, or arising out of any such person’s Corporate Status, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the DGCL or the provisions of this Article V.

SECTION 10. Other Indemnification . The Corporation’s obligation, if any, to indemnify or provide advancement of Expenses to any person under this Article V as a result of such person serving, at the request of the Corporation, as a director, partner, trustee, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise shall be reduced by any amount such person may collect as indemnification or advancement of Expenses from such other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or enterprise (the “ Primary Indemnitor ”). Any indemnification or advancement of Expenses under this Article V owed by the Corporation as a result of a person serving, at the request of the Corporation, as a director, partner, trustee, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise shall only be in excess of, and shall be secondary to, the indemnification or advancement of Expenses available from the applicable Primary Indemnitor(s) and any applicable insurance policies.

 

20


ARTICLE VI

Miscellaneous Provisions

SECTION 1. Fiscal Year . The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be determined by the Board of Directors.

SECTION 2. Seal . The Board of Directors shall have power to adopt and alter the seal of the Corporation.

SECTION 3. Execution of Instruments . All deeds, leases, transfers, contracts, bonds, notes and other obligations to be entered into by the Corporation in the ordinary course of its business without director action may be executed on behalf of the Corporation by the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, the President, the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer or the Treasurer, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Information Officer or any other officer, employee or agent of the Corporation as the Board of Directors or the executive committee of the Board may authorize.

SECTION 4. Voting of Securities . Unless the Board of Directors otherwise provides, the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, the President or the Treasurer may waive notice of and act on behalf of the Corporation, or appoint another person or persons to act as proxy or attorney in fact for the Corporation with or without discretionary power and/or power of substitution, at any meeting of stockholders or shareholders of any other corporation or organization, any of whose securities are held by the Corporation.

SECTION 5. Resident Agent . The Board of Directors may appoint a resident agent upon whom legal process may be served in any action or proceeding against the Corporation.

SECTION 6. Corporate Records . The original or attested copies of the Certificate, Bylaws and records of all meetings of the incorporators, stockholders and the Board of Directors and the stock transfer books, which shall contain the names of all stockholders, their record addresses and the amount of stock held by each, may be kept outside the State of Delaware and shall be kept at the principal office of the Corporation, at an office of its counsel, at an office of its transfer agent or at such other place or places as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors.

SECTION 7. Certificate . All references in these By-laws to the Certificate shall be deemed to refer to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, as amended and/or restated and in effect from time to time.

SECTION 8. Amendment of By-laws .

(a) Amendment by Directors. Except as provided otherwise by law, these By-laws may be amended or repealed by the Board of Directors by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office.

(b) Amendment by Stockholders. These By-laws may be amended or repealed at any Annual Meeting, or special meeting of stockholders called for such purpose in accordance with these By-Laws, by the affirmative vote of at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the outstanding

 

21


shares entitled to vote on such amendment or repeal, voting together as a single class; provided, however, that if the Board of Directors recommends that stockholders approve such amendment or repeal at such meeting of stockholders, such amendment or repeal shall only require the affirmative vote of the majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on such amendment or repeal, voting together as a single class. Notwithstanding the foregoing, stockholder approval shall not be required unless mandated by the Certificate, these By-laws, or other applicable law.

SECTION 9. Notices . If mailed, notice to stockholders shall be deemed given when deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholder’s address as it appears on the records of the Corporation. Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given to stockholders, any notice to stockholders may be given by electronic transmission in the manner provided in Section 232 of the DGCL.

SECTION 10. Waivers . A written waiver of any notice, signed by a stockholder or director, or waiver by electronic transmission by such person, whether given before or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall be deemed equivalent to the notice required to be given to such person. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any meeting need be specified in such a waiver.

SECTION 11. Severability . If any provision or provisions of these By-Laws shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any circumstance for any reason whatsoever: (i) the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of these By-Laws (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph of these By-Laws containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and (ii) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of these By-Laws (including, without limitation, each such portion of any paragraph of these By-Laws containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to permit the Corporation to protect its directors, officers, employees and agents from personal liability in respect of their good faith service to or for the benefit of the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by law.

SECTION 12. Inconsistent Provisions . In the event that any provision of these By-Laws is or becomes inconsistent with any provision of the Certificate or the DGCL, the provision of these By-Laws shall not be given any effect to the extent of such inconsistency but shall otherwise be given full force and effect.

Adopted February 26, 2014 and effective as of             , 2014.

 

22

Exhibit 3.3

 

      

State of Delaware

Secretary of State

Division of Corporations

Delivered 03:04 PM 05/21/2013

FILED 03:04 PM 05/21/2013

SRV 130626417 – 5332928 FILE

AMENDED AND RESTATED

CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

(Pursuant to Sections 242 and 245 of the

General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware)

GrubHub Holdings Inc., a corporation organized and existing under and by virtue of the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “ General Corporation Law ”),

DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:

1. That the name of this corporation is GrubHub Holdings Inc., and that this corporation was originally incorporated pursuant to the General Corporation Law on May 10, 2013 under the name GrubHub Holdings Inc.

2. That the board of directors of GrubHub Holdings Inc. (the “ Corporation ”) (the “ Board of Directors ”) duly adopted resolutions proposing to amend and restate the Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation, declaring said amendment and restatement to be advisable and in the best interests of this corporation and its stockholders, and authorizing the appropriate officers of this corporation to solicit the consent of the stockholders therefor, which resolution setting forth the proposed amendment and restatement is as follows:

*    *    *

RESOLVED , that the Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation be amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:

FIRST: The name of this corporation is Seamless GrubHub Holdings Inc.

SECOND: The address of the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware is 160 Greentree Drive, Suite 101, in the City of Dover, County of Kent, Delaware 19904. The name of its registered agent at such address is National Registered Agents, Inc.

THIRD: The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law.

FOURTH: The total number of shares of all classes of stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 368,568,233 shares comprised of (i) 330,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share (“ Common Stock ”), and (ii) 38,568,233 shares of Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value per share (“ Preferred Stock ”).

 

2


The following is a statement of the designations and the powers, privileges and rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof in respect of each class of capital stock of the Corporation.

 

  A. COMMON STOCK

1. General . The voting, dividend and liquidation rights of the holders of the Common Stock are subject to and qualified by the rights, powers and preferences of the holders of the Preferred Stock set forth herein.

2. Voting . The holders of the Common Stock are entitled to one vote for each share of Common Stock held at all meetings of stockholders (and written actions in lieu of meetings); provided , however , that (a) certain votes are subject to that certain Stockholders’ Agreement of the Corporation dated May 19, 2013 and effective on or about the Series A Original Issue Date (as defined in this Article Fourth below) by and among the Corporation and the parties identified on the signature pages thereto (as amended, modified, supplemented or restated from time to time, the “ Stockholders’ Agreement ”, which Stockholders’ Agreement is on file with the Secretary of the Corporation); and (b) except as otherwise required by law, holders of Common Stock, as such, shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation that relates solely to the terms of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either separately or together with the holders of one or more other such series, to vote thereon pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation or pursuant to the General Corporation Law. There shall be no cumulative voting. The number of authorized shares of Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by (in addition to any vote of the holders of one or more series of Preferred Stock that may be required by the terms of the Certificate of Incorporation and any approvals that may be required under the Stockholders’ Agreement) the affirmative vote of the holders of shares of capital stock of the Corporation representing a majority of the votes represented by all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the General Corporation Law.

3. Redemption . The Common Stock is not redeemable.

 

  B. PREFERRED STOCK

38,568,233 shares of the authorized Preferred Stock of the Corporation are hereby designated “ Series A Preferred Stock ” with the following rights, preferences, powers, privileges and restrictions, qualifications and limitations. Unless otherwise indicated, references to “Sections” or “Subsections” in this Part B of this Article Fourth refer to Sections and Subsections of Part B of this Article Fourth.

1. Dividends .

The Corporation shall not declare, pay or set aside any dividends an shares of Common Stock (other than dividends on shares of Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock) unless (in addition to the obtaining of any consents required elsewhere in the Certificate of Incorporation and the Stockholders’ Agreement) each holder of Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding shall first receive, or simultaneously receive, a dividend on each outstanding share of

 

3


Series A Preferred Stock held by such holder in an amount equal to the product of (A) the dividend payable on each share of Common Stock and (B) the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of a share of Series A Preferred Stock, in each case calculated on the record date for determination of holders entitled to receive such dividend. Any such dividends paid to holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall be paid to such holders ratably in proportion to the respective numbers of shares of Series A Preferred Stock held by each of them. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if an amount equal to the Series A Original Issue Price has been distributed to the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock solely pursuant to clause (i) of Section 2.1 of this Part B of this Article Fourth as a result of a Deemed Liquidation Event (a “ Non-Prorata Preferred Satisfaction Event ”), after the occurrence of the Non-Prorata Preferred Satisfaction Event all dividends paid by the Corporation shall be paid as determined pursuant to Section 2 of this Part B of this Article Fourth, as if such dividend was a distribution of proceeds of a Deemed Liquidation Event.

2. Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up; Certain Mergers, Consolidations and Asset Sales .

2.1 Preferential Payments to Holders of Series A Preferred Stock . Subject to Section 2.3.3 of this Part B of this Article Fourth, in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation or a Deemed Liquidation Event, the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding shall be entitled to be paid out of the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders (or, in the case of a Deemed Liquidation Event, the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders arising from such Deemed Liquidation Event) before any payment shall be made to the holders of Common Stock by reason of their ownership thereof, an amount per share equal to the greater of (i) the Series A Original Issue Price per share, or (ii) such amount per share as would have been payable had all shares of Series A Preferred Stock been converted into Common Stock pursuant to Section 4 immediately prior to such liquidation, dissolution, winding up or Deemed Liquidation Event; provided, that clause (i) above shall not be applicable following payment of any Extraordinary Dividend. The “ Series A Original Issue Price ” shall mean $2.235 per share, subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination, reclassification, reorganization or other similar transaction with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock. An “ Extraordinary Dividend ” shall mean a single dividend payable pursuant to Section 1 of this Part B of this Article Fourth, pursuant to which each holder of Series A Preferred Stock receives an amount at least equal to the Series A Original Issue Price with respect to the shares of Series A Preferred Stock held by such holder. The assets of the Corporation available for distribution to the holders of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to this Subsection 2.1 shall be distributed to such holders ratably in proportion to the respective numbers of shares of Series A Preferred Stock held by each of them.

2.2 Payments to Holders of Common Stock . Subject to Section 2.3.3 of this Part B of this Article Fourth, in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation or Deemed Liquidation Event, after the payment of all preferential amounts required to be paid to the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock, the remaining assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders (or, in the case of a Deemed Liquidation Event, the remaining assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders arising from such Deemed Liquidation Event) shall be distributed among the holders of shares of Common Stock, pro rata based on the number of shares held by each such holder.

 

4


2.3 Deemed Liquidation Events .

2.3.1 Definition . Each of the following events shall be considered a “ Deemed Liquidation Event ” unless the holders of at least 79% of the then outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock elect otherwise by written notice sent to the Corporation prior to the effective date of any such event, and provided that an initial public offering of the capital stock of the Corporation shall not be a Deemed Liquidation Event:

(a) a merger or consolidation in which

 

  (i) the Corporation is a constituent party or

 

  (ii) a subsidiary of the Corporation is a constituent party and the Corporation issues shares of its capital stock pursuant to such merger or consolidation,

except any such merger or consolidation involving the Corporation or a subsidiary of the Corporation in which the shares of capital stock of the Corporation outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continue to represent, or are converted into or exchanged for shares of capital stock that represent, immediately following such merger or consolidation, at least a majority, by voting power, of the capital stock of (1) the surviving or resulting corporation or (2) if the surviving or resulting corporation is a wholly owned subsidiary of another corporation immediately following such merger or consolidation, the parent corporation of such surviving or resulting corporation (provided that, for the purpose of this Subsection 2.3.1, all shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Options (as defined below) outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation, or issuable upon conversion or exchange of any other securities convertible or exchangeable into Common Stock of the Corporation outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation, shall in each case be deemed to be outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation and, if applicable, converted or exchanged in such merger or consolidation on the same terms as the actual outstanding shares of Common Stock are converted or exchanged);

(b) the sale, transfer or other disposition, in a single transaction or series of related transactions, by the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation of all or substantially all the assets of the Corporation and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, or the sale, transfer or other disposition (whether by merger or otherwise) of one or more subsidiaries of the Corporation if substantially all of the assets of the Corporation and its subsidiaries taken as a whole are held by such subsidiary or subsidiaries, except where such sale, transfer or other disposition is to a wholly owned subsidiary of the Corporation; or

(c) (i) the sale or transfer of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation, (ii) the issuance of shares of capital stock by the Corporation, or (iii) any other transaction or series of related transactions, in each case under circumstances in which both (A) the holders of the voting power of outstanding capital stock of the Corporation, immediately

 

5


prior to such transaction, own less than 50% in voting power of the outstanding capital stock of the Corporation immediately following such transaction and (B) the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation receives proceeds in connection therewith.

2.3.2 (a) Effecting a Deemed Liquidation Event . The Corporation and its stockholders shall not effect or have the power to effect a Deemed Liquidation Event or any transaction or series of transactions resulting in a Change of Control (as defined in the Stockholders’ Agreement) unless any required approvals pursuant to the Stockholders’ Agreement shall have been obtained In addition to the foregoing, (i) the Corporation and its stockholders shall not have the power to effect a Deemed Liquidation Event pursuant to Subsection 2.3.1 (c)(i) unless the stock purchase agreement for such transaction provides that the consideration payable to the stockholders of the Corporation shall be allocated among the holders of capital stock of the Corporation in accordance with Subsections 2.1 and 2.2, and (ii) the Corporation shall not have the power to effect a Deemed Liquidation Event referred to in Subsection 2.3.1(a)(i) unless the agreement or plan of merger or consolidation for such transaction provides that the consideration payable to the stockholders of the Corporation shall be allocated among the holders of capital stock of the Corporation in accordance with Subsections 2.1 and 2.2 (as if the shares of capital stock of the Corporation participating in such Deemed Liquidation Event were the only shares of capital stock of the Corporation for purposes of such Subsections 2.1 and 2.2). Prior to the distribution provided for in Subsection 2.1 and Subsection 2.2, unless otherwise approved in accordance with the Stockholders’ Agreement, the Corporation shall not expend or dissipate the consideration received for such Deemed Liquidation Event, except to discharge expenses incurred in connection with such Deemed Liquidation Event or in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices. The Corporation shall take such actions as are necessary to distribute the proceeds of the Deemed Liquidation Event in accordance with this Certificate of Incorporation as soon as reasonably practicable, in accordance with the Stockholders’ Agreement and applicable laws.

2.3.3 Amount Deemed Paid or Distributed; Multiple Distributions . The amount deemed paid or distributed to the holders of capital stock of the Corporation upon any such, merger, consolidation, sale, transfer or other disposition shall be the cash or the value of the property, rights or securities paid or distributed to such holders by the Corporation or the acquiring person, firm or other entity. The value of such property, rights or securities shall be determined in good faith by the Board of Directors. In the event of more than one distribution pursuant to this Section 2 of Part B of this Article Fourth, including any distribution described in the last sentence of Section 1 of Part B of this Article Fourth (in each case whether as a result of one or more Deemed Liquidation Events, dividends following a Non-Prorata Preferred Satisfaction Event, or otherwise), for purposes of calculating the amount of each such distribution (each, a “ Subsequent Distribution ”), the amount of all distributions pursuant to this Section 2, including as described in the last sentence of such Section 1, preceding any such Subsequent Distribution (collectively, with respect to any such Subsequent Distribution, the “ Prior Distributions ”) and the amount of the Subsequent Distribution shall be aggregated, and such Subsequent Distribution shall be distributed as if such total proceeds were one distribution made pursuant to this Section 2 of Part B of this Article Fourth. For purposes of clarity, any Subsequent Distribution shall be made to the holders of capital stock of the Corporation in such amounts so that the total amount received by each holder of capital stock of the Corporation in the Prior Distributions and the Subsequent Distributions would be the amounts determined pursuant to the immediately preceding sentence.

 

6


2.3.4 Allocation of Escrow and Contingent Consideration . In the event of a Deemed Liquidation Event, if any portion of the consideration payable to the stockholders of the Corporation is payable only upon satisfaction of contingencies (the “ Additional Consideration ”), the applicable definitive transaction agreement shall provide that (a) the portion of such consideration that is not Additional Consideration (such portion, the “ Initial Consideration ”) shall be allocated among the holders of capital stack of the Corporation in accordance with Subsections 2.1 and 2.2 as if the Initial Consideration were the only consideration payable in connection with such Deemed Liquidation Event and (b) any Additional Consideration which becomes payable to the stockholders of the Corporation upon satisfaction of such contingencies shall be allocated among the holders of capital stock of the Corporation in accordance with Subsections 2.1 and 2.2 after taking into account the previous payment of the Initial Consideration as part of the same transaction. For the purposes of this Subsection 2.3.4, consideration placed into escrow or retained as holdback to be available for satisfaction of indemnification or similar obligations in connection with such Deemed Liquidation Event shall be deemed to be Additional Consideration.

3. Voting . On any matter presented to the stockholders of the Corporation for their action or consideration at any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation (or by written consent of stockholders in lieu of meeting), each holder of outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to cast the number of votes equal to the number of whole shares of Common Stock into which the shares of Series A Preferred Stock held by such holder are convertible as of the record date for determining stockholders entitled to vote on such matter; provided that certain votes are subject to the Stockholders’ Agreement Except as provided by law, the Stockholders’ Agreement or the other provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall vote together with the holders of Common Stock as a single class.

4. Optional Conversion .

The holders of the Series A Preferred Stock shall have conversion rights as follows (the “ Conversion Rights ”):

4.1 Right to Convert .

4.1.1 Conversion Ratio . Each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof at any time and from time to time, and without the payment of additional consideration by the holder thereof, into such number of fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock as is determined by dividing the Series A Original Issue Price by the Series A Conversion Price (as defined below) in effect at the time of conversion. The “ Series A Conversion Price ” shall initially be equal to $2,235. Such initial Series A Conversion Price, and the rate at which shares of Series A Preferred Stock may be converted into shares of Common Stock, shall be subject to adjustment as provided below.

4.1.2 Termination of Conversion Rights . In the event of a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation or a Deemed Liquidation Event, the Conversion Rights shall terminate as to any share of Series A Preferred Stock at the close of business on the last full day preceding the date fixed for the payment of any such amounts distributable on such event to the holder of such share of Series A Preferred Stock.

 

7


4.2 Fractional Shares . No fractional shares of Common Stock shall be issued upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the holder would otherwise be entitled, the Corporation shall pay cash equal to such fraction multiplied by the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors. Whether or not fractional shares would be issuable upon such conversion shall be determined on the basis of the total number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock the holder is at the time converting into Common Stock and the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion. The purpose of this Section 4.2 is to save the Corporation the trouble, expense and inconvenience of issuing and transferring fractional shares, or issuing full shares representing the sum of fractional shares, and not to give any particular holder or group of holders an increased interest in the assets or earnings and profits of the Corporation.

4.3 Mechanics of Conversion .

4.3.1 Notice of Conversion . In order for a holder of Series A Preferred Stock to voluntarily convert shares of Series A Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock, such holder shall deliver written notice (the “ Conversion Notice ”) to the Corporation that such holder elects to convert all or any number of the shares of the Series A Preferred Stock, which notice shall include (1) the number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock such holder desires to surrender for conversion and (2) if applicable, any event on which such conversion is contingent (provided that any such contingency must be reasonable in duration and must be in connection with a pending transaction pursuant to which the Corporation or stockholders holding at least a majority in interest of the shares of the Corporation (calculated as if all Series A Preferred Stock were converted into shares of Common Stock) or any class thereof are party); provided, that, to the extent such shares of Series A Preferred Stock held by such holder are certificated, such holder of Series A Preferred Stock shall, together with such written notice, surrender the certificate or certificates for such shares of Series A Preferred Stock (or, if such registered holder alleges that such certificate has been lost, stolen or destroyed, a lost certificate affidavit and agreement reasonably acceptable to the Corporation to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against the Corporation on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of such certificate), at the office of the transfer agent for the Series A Preferred Stock (or at the principal office of the Corporation if the Corporation serves as its own transfer agent). The Conversion Notice shall also state the legal name of such holder in which such holder wishes (x) to the extent such shares are not certificated, the applicable registrar of the Corporation that maintains the Corporation’s book-entry system (the “ Registrar ”) to make such appropriate and applicable adjustments in the Corporation’s book-entry system to give effect to such issuance of such number of full shares of Common Stock to be issued upon such conversion in accordance with the provisions hereof to such holder, or (y) to the extent such applicable shares are certificated, the certificate or certificates for such number of full shares of Common Stock to be issued upon such conversion in accordance wife the provisions hereof to such holder. If required by the Corporation, to the extent such holder’s shares of Series A Preferred Stock are certificated, certificates surrendered for conversion shall be endorsed or accompanied by a written instrument or instruments of transfer, in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation, duly executed by the registered holder or his, her or its attorney duly authorized in writing. Immediately prior to the close of business on the date of receipt by (A) in the case such shares are not certificated, the Corporation of the Conversion Notice, or (B) in the case such shares are certificated, the transfer agent (or by the Corporation if the Corporation serves as its own transfer agent) of such certificates (or lost certificate affidavit and agreement) and the Conversion Notice, as applicable, shall be the

 

8


time of conversion (the “ Conversion Time ”), and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of such shares of Series A Preferred Stock set forth in the Conversion Notice shall be deemed to be outstanding of record as of such date. The Corporation shall, as soon as practicable after the Conversion Time, (i) (A) to the extent such shares are not certificated, cause the Registrar to make the appropriate and applicable adjustments to the Corporation’s book-entry system to give effect to the issuance of such number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion in accordance with the provisions hereof to such holder or (B) to the extent such shares are certificated, issue and deliver to such bolder of Series A Preferred Stock a certificate or certificates for the number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion in accordance with the provisions hereof and a certificate for the number (if any) of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock represented by the surrendered certificate that were not converted into Common Stock, (ii) pay in cash such amount as provided in Subsection 4.2 in lieu of any fraction of a share of Common Stock otherwise issuable upon such conversion and (iii) pay all declared but unpaid dividends on the shares of Series A Preferred Stock converted.

4.3.2 Reservation of Shares . The Corporation shall at all times when the Series A Preferred Stock shall be outstanding, reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued capital stock, for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, such number of its duly authorized shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Series A Preferred Stock; and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred Stock, the Corporation shall take such corporate action as may be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes, including, without limitation, engaging in best efforts to obtain the requisite stockholder approval of any necessary amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation. Before taking any action which would cause an adjustment reducing the Series A Conversion Price below the then par value of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, the Corporation will take any corporate action which may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary in order that the Corporation may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock at such adjusted Series A Conversion Price.

4.3.3 Effect of Conversion . All shares of Series A Preferred Stock which shall have been surrendered for conversion as herein provided shall no longer be deemed to be outstanding and all rights with respect to such shares shall immediately cease and terminate at the Conversion Time, except only the right of the holders thereof (a) to receive shares of Common Stock in exchange therefor (whether by the Corporation causing the Registrar to make the appropriate and applicable adjustments to the Corporation’s book-entry system of such applicable number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion or the issuance of certificates representing the same), (b) to receive payment in lieu of any fraction of a share otherwise issuable upon such conversion as provided in Subsection 4.2 and (c) to receive payment of any dividends declared but unpaid thereon. Any shares of Series A Preferred Stock so converted shall be retired and cancelled and may not be reissued as shares of such series, and the Corporation shall thereafter take such appropriate action (without the need for stockholder action) as may be necessary to reduce the authorized number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock accordingly.

 

9


4.3.4 No Further Adjustment . Upon any such conversion, no adjustment to the Series A Conversion Price shall be made for any declared but unpaid dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock surrendered for conversion or on the Common Stock delivered upon conversion.

4.3.5 Taxes . The Corporation shall pay any and all issue and other similar taxes that may be payable in respect of any issuance or delivery of shares of Common Stock upon conversion of shares of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to this Section 4. The Corporation shall not, however, be required to pay any tax which may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the issuance of shares of Common Stock in a name other than that in which the shares of Series A Preferred Stock so converted were registered, and no such issuance shall be made unless and until the Person (as defined below) requesting such issuance has paid to the Corporation the amount of any such tax or has established, to the satisfaction of the Corporation, that such tax has been paid (and in any event subject to the other transfer restrictions in the Certificate of Incorporation and in the Stockholders’ Agreement).

4.4 Series A Conversion Price Adjustments . The Series A Conversion Price shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as follows:

4.4.1 If the Corporation shall issue, at any time following the Series A Original Issue Date (as defined below), any Additional Shares of Common Stock without consideration or for a consideration per share of Common Stock less than the Series A Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the issuance of such Additional Shares of Common Stock, the Series A Conversion Price shall forthwith (except as otherwise provided in this Subsection 4.4.1) be adjusted to a price determined by multiplying such Series A Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance by a fraction, (x) the numerator of which shall be the number of shares of Common Stock Outstanding immediately prior to such issuance plus the number of shares of Common Stock that the aggregate consideration received by the Corporation for such issuance of Additional Shares of Common Stock would purchase at such Series A Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance and (y) the denominator of which shall be the number of shares of Common Stock Outstanding immediately prior to such issuance plus the number of such Additional Shares of Common Stock so issued For purposes of this Subsection 4.4.1, the term “ Common Stock Outstanding ” shall mean and include the following: (1) all then outstanding shares of Common Stock, (2) the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of all then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, and (3) the number of shares of Common Stock ultimately issuable upon the exercise, conversion or exchange of all then outstanding Options (as defined below), warrants, convertible securities or other rights to ultimately acquire shares of Common Stock (such number of issuable shares of Common Stock to be determined pursuant to Section 4.4.1(e)).

(a) Notwithstanding anything in this Section 4 to the contrary, (1) no adjustment of the Series A Conversion Price shall be made in an amount less than one-hundredth of a cent ($0.0001) per share of Preferred Stock, (2) except to the limited extent provided for in Section 4.4.1(e)(iii) and Section 4.4.1(e)(iv), no adjustment of the Series A Conversion Price pursuant to this Subsection 4.4.1 shall have the effect of increasing such Series A Conversion Price above the Series A Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment and (3) no adjustment of the Series A Conversion Price shall be made in respect of any Excluded Shares (as defined below).

 

10


(b) In the case of the issuance of Additional Shares of Common Stock for cash, the consideration shall be deemed to be the amount of cash paid therefor before deducting any reasonable discounts, commissions or other expenses allowed, paid or incurred by the Corporation for any underwriting or otherwise in connection with the issuance and sale thereof.

(c) In the case of the issuance of the Additional Shares of Common Stock for a consideration in whole or in part other than cash, the consideration other than cash shall be deemed to be the fair market value thereof as reasonably determined by the Board of Directors in good faith.

(d) In the event Additional Shares of Common Stock are issued together with other securities or other assets of the Corporation for consideration which is in respect of both, the proportion of such consideration so received, computed as provided in Subsections 4.4.1(b) and 4.4.1(c) above, shall be reasonably determined in good faith by the Board of Directors.

(e) For the purposes of determining the ultimate number of shares of Common Stock issuable with respect to then outstanding Options, warrants, convertible securities or other rights to ultimately acquire shares of Common Stock, the following provisions shall apply:

(i) The aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock deliverable upon exercise (assuming the satisfaction of any conditions to exercisability, including, the passage of time, but without taking into account potential anti-dilution adjustments) of any Options to purchase or rights to subscribe for shares of Common Stock shall be deemed to have been issued at the time such Options or rights were issued and for a consideration equal to the consideration (determined in the manner provided in Subsection 4.4.1(b) and Subsection 4.4.1(c)), if any, received by the Corporation upon the issuance of such Options or rights plus the minimum exercise price provided in such Options or rights (without taking into account potential anti-dilution adjustments) for all the shares of Common Stock directly or indirectly covered thereby. To the extent that an adjustment of the Series A Conversion Price shall have been made upon the issuance of such Options or rights, a readjustment of the Series A Conversion Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of such Options or rights to the extent that the aggregate amount of additional consideration paid to the Corporation upon such exercise exceeds the minimum exercise price provided in such Options or rights.

(ii) In determining the aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock deliverable upon conversion of, or in exchange for, any such convertible or exchangeable securities (or upon the exercise of options to purchase or rights to subscribe for such convertible or exchangeable securities, and subsequent conversion or exchange of such convertible or exchangeable securities or such options or rights to

 

11


subscribe), in each case assuming the satisfaction of any conditions to convertibility or exchangeability, including the passage of time, but without taking into account potential anti-dilution adjustments, such shares shall be deemed to have been issued at the time such securities were issued or such options or rights were issued and for a consideration equal to (A) the consideration, if any, received by the Corporation for any such securities and related options or rights, plus (B) the minimum additional consideration, if any, to be received by the Corporation (without taking into account potential anti-dilution adjustments) upon the conversion or exchange in full of all such securities or the exercise in full of any related options or rights (the consideration in each case to be determined in the manner provided in Subsection 4.4.1(b) and Subsection 4.4.1(c)). To the extent that an adjustment of the Series A Conversion Price shall have been made upon the issuance of such convertible or exchangeable securities or upon the exercise of options or rights for such securities, a readjustment of the Series A Conversion Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock or upon the conversion or exchange of such securities to the extent that the aggregate amount of additional consideration paid to the Corporation upon such conversion or exchange exceeds the minimum exercise price provided in such convertible or exchangeable securities.

(iii) In the event of any change in the number of shares of Common Stock deliverable or in the consideration payable to the Corporation upon exercise of any options or rights or upon conversion of or in exchange for such convertible or exchangeable securities, the Series A Conversion Price, to the extent in any way affected by or computed using such options, rights or securities, shall be recomputed to reflect such change.

(iv) Upon the expiration or termination of any options or rights, the expiration or termination of any such rights to convert or exchange or the expiration or termination of any options or rights related to such convertible or exchangeable securities, the Series A Conversion Price, to the extent in any way affected by or computed using such options, rights or securities or options or rights related to such securities, shall be recomputed to reflect (x) the issuance of only the number of shares of Common Stock (and such convertible or exchangeable securities that remain in effect) actually issued upon the exercise of such options or rights, upon the conversion or exchange of such securities or upon the exercise of the options or rights related to such securities and (y) the consideration received by the Corporation for the issue of such options or rights, if any, upon the conversion or exchange of such securities or upon the exercise of the options or rights related to such securities, plus the additional consideration, if any, actually received by the Corporation upon such conversion or exchange.

 

12


(v) The number of Additional Shares of Common Stock deemed issued and the consideration deemed paid therefor pursuant to Section 4.4.1(e)(i) and Section 4.4.1(e)(ii) shall be appropriately adjusted to reflect any change, termination or expiration of the type described in either Section 4.4.1(e)(iii) or Section 4.4.1(e)(iv).

4.4.2 “ Additional Shares of Common Stock ” shall mean any shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock or any options, warrants and other rights to purchase or otherwise acquire shares of Common Stock, in each case, issued by the Corporation after the Series A Original Issue Date (subject to any required approvals pursuant to the Stockholders’ Agreement) other than the following (collectively, the “ Excluded Shares ”):

(a) Shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to a transaction described in Section 4.5 ;

(b) Shares of Common Stock or Options or other awards to purchase or receive shares of Common Stock, for issuance pursuant to a stock option plan or other similar plan or agreement approved by the Board of Directors, in each case subject to any required approvals pursuant to the Stockholders’ Agreement;

(c) Shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to the conversion or exercise of convertible or exchangeable securities (including all shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of Preferred Stock) so long as such convertible or exchangeable securities are outstanding as of the Series A Original Issue Date or otherwise do not constitute Additional Shares of Common Stock;

(d) Shares of Common Stock issued or deemed issued pursuant to Section 4.4.1(e) as a result of a decrease in the Series A Conversion Price resulting from the operation of Section 4.4.1(e);

(e) Shares of Common Stock issued or deemed issued to an entity in connection with a business transaction with the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation or as consideration in an acquisition by the Corporation of a business or assets of any business, which transaction is (1) approved by the Board of Directors (and any other approvals that may be required pursuant to the Stockholders’ Agreement) and (2) other than primarily for equity financing purposes; or

(f) Shares of Common Stock issued in connection with an Indemnity Issuance (as defined in the Reorganization Agreement (as defined below)).

4.4.3 Certain Definitions . For purposes of this Article Fourth, the following definitions shall apply:

(a) “ Option ” shall mean rights, options or warrants or other equity interests in the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire Common Stock or other equity interests in the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries.

(b) “ Series A Original Issue Date ” shall mean the date on which the first share of Series A Preferred Stock was issued.

 

13


4.4.4 No Adjustment of Series A Conversion Price . No adjustment in the Series A Conversion Price shall be made as the result of the issuance or deemed issuance of Additional Shares of Common Stock if the Corporation receives written notice from the holders of more than 79% of the then outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock agreeing that no such adjustment shall be made as the result of the issuance or deemed issuance of such Additional Shares of Common Stock.

4.5 Adjustment for Stock Splits and Combinations and Certain Dividends and Distributions . If the Corporation shall at any time or from time to time after the Series A Original Issue Date (a) effect a subdivision of the outstanding Common Stock or (b) make or issue a dividend or other distribution payable on the Common Stock in additional shares of Common Stock, then and in each such event the Series A Conversion Price in effect immediately before such event shall be proportionately decreased so that the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on conversion of each share of such series shall be increased in proportion to such increase in the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. If the Corporation shall at any time or from time to time after the Series A Original Issue Date combine the outstanding shares of Common Stock, the Series A Conversion Price in effect immediately before the combination shall be proportionately increased so that the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on conversion of each share of such series shall be decreased in proportion to such decrease in the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Any adjustment under this subsection shall become effective at the close of business on the date the subdivision or combination becomes effective.

4.6 Adjustment for Merger or Reorganization, etc . Subject to the provisions of Subsection 2.3 and any approvals required pursuant to the Stockholders’ Agreement, if there shall occur any reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, consolidation or merger involving the Corporation in which the Common Stock (but not the Series A Preferred Stock) is converted into or exchanged for securities, cash or other property (other than a transaction covered by Subsections 4.4 or 4.5), then, following any such reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, consolidation or merger, each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall thereafter be convertible in lieu of the Common Stock into which it was convertible prior to such event into the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property which a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock of the Corporation issuable upon conversion of one share of Series A Preferred Stock immediately prior to such reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, consolidation or merger would have been entitled to receive pursuant to such transaction; and, in such case, appropriate adjustment (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors) shall be made in the application of the provisions in this Section 4 with respect to the rights and interests thereafter of the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock, to the end that the provisions set forth in this Section 4 (including provisions with respect to changes in and other adjustments of the Series A Conversion Price) shall thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be, in relation to any securities or other property thereafter deliverable upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this Subsection 4.6 shall be construed as preventing the holders of Series A Preferred Stock from seeking any appraisal rights to which they are otherwise entitled under the General Corporation Law in connection with a merger triggering an adjustment hereunder, nor shall this Subsection 4.6 be deemed conclusive evidence of the fair value of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock in any such appraisal proceeding.

 

14


4.7 Certificate as to Adjustments . Upon the occurrence of each adjustment or readjustment of the Series A Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 4, the Corporation at its expense shall, as promptly as reasonably practicable, compute such adjustment or readjustment in accordance with the terms hereof and, following the written request of any holder of Series A Preferred Stock, furnish to each holder of Series A Preferred Stock a certificate setting forth such adjustment or readjustment (including the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property into which the Series A Preferred Stock is convertible) and showing in detail the facts upon which such adjustment or readjustment is based. The Corporation shall, as promptly as reasonably practicable after the written request of any holder of Series A Preferred Stock, furnish or cause to be furnished to such bolder a certificate setting forth (i) the Series A Conversion Price then in effect, and (ii) the number of shares of Common Stock and the amount, if any, of other securities, cash or property which then would be received upon the conversion of Series A Preferred Stock.

4.8 Notice of Record Date . In the event:

(a) the Corporation shall take a record of the holders of its Common Stock (or other capital stock or securities at the time issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock) for the purpose of entitling or enabling them to receive any dividend or other distribution, or to receive any right to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or any other securities, or to receive any other security, or

(b) of any capital reorganization of the Corporation, any reclassification of the Common Stock of the Corporation, or any Deemed Liquidation Event, or

(c) of the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding-up of the Corporation,

then, and in each such case, the Corporation will send or cause to be sent to the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock a notice specifying, as the case may be, (i) the record date for such dividend, distribution or right, and the amount and character of such dividend, distribution or right, or (ii) to the extent reasonably practicable, the anticipated effective date on which such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, transfer, any other applicable Deemed Liquidation Event, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up is proposed to take place, and the anticipated time, if any is to be fixed, as of which the holders of record of Common Stock (or such other capital stock or securities at the time issuable upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock) shall be entitled to exchange their shares of Common Stock (or such other capital stock or securities) for securities or other property deliverable upon such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, transfer, any other applicable Deemed liquidation Event, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up, and the amount per share and character of such exchange applicable to the Series A Preferred Stock and the Common Stock. Such notice shall be sent at least 10 days prior to the record date or effective date for the event specified in such notice.

 

15


4.9 No Loss of Rights . The conversion of shares of Series A Preferred Stock to shares of Common Stock pursuant to this Section 4 shall not result in any loss of rights under the Stockholders’ Agreement.

5. Mandatory Conversion .

5.1 Trigger Events . (a) Immediately prior to (and contingent upon) the closing of the sale of shares of Common Stock to the public in an underwritten public offering pursuant to an effective registration statement (other than on Form S-4, Form S-8 or their equivalent) resulting in at least $60,000,000 of gross proceeds (before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions) (a “ Qualified IPO ”) or (b) at such time that no less than two-thirds of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued and outstanding as of the Series A Original Issue Date have been converted into shares of Common Stock (the “ Conversion Threshold ”) (the date of the consummation of such Qualified IPO or immediately prior to the close of business on the date of delivery of the Conversion Notices by such holders whose shares of Series A Preferred Stock, if converted pursuant to, and in accordance with, Subsection 4, would result in the satisfaction of the Conversion Threshold, as applicable, is referred to herein as the “ Mandatory Conversion Time ”), (i) all outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall automatically be converted into shares of Common Stock, at the then effective conversion rate determined in accordance with Section 4 and (ii) such shares may not be reissued by the Corporation.

5.2 Procedural Requirements . All holders of record of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be sent written notice of the Mandatory Conversion Time and the place designated for mandatory conversion of all such shares of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to this Section 5. Such notice need not be sent in advance of the occurrence of the Mandatory Conversion Time. Upon receipt of such notice, to the extent such shares of Series A Preferred Stock are certificated, each holder of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall surrender his, her or its certificate or certificates for all such shares (or, if such holder alleges that such certificate has been lost, stolen or destroyed, a lost certificate affidavit and agreement reasonably acceptable to the Corporation to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against the Corporation on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of such certificate) to the Corporation at the place designated in such notice, and, if so required by the Corporation, certificates surrendered for conversion shall be endorsed or accompanied by written instrument or instruments of transfer, in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation, duly executed by the registered holder or by his, her or its attorney duly authorized in writing. All rights with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock converted pursuant to Subsection 5.1, including the rights, if any, to receive notices and vote (other than as a holder of Common Stock), but not any rights given to a holder of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to the Stockholders’ Agreement, will terminate at the Mandatory Conversion Time (notwithstanding, to the extent such shares of Series A Preferred Stock are certificated, the failure of the holder or holders thereof to surrender the certificates at or prior to such time), except only the rights of the holders thereof (to the extent such shares are certificated, upon surrender of their certificate or certificates (or lost certificate affidavit and agreement) therefor), to receive the items provided for in the next sentence of this Subsection 5.2. The Corporation shall, as soon as practicable after the Mandatory Conversion Time, (i) (A) to the extent such shares are not certificated, the Corporation shall cause the Registrar to make the appropriate and applicable adjustments to the Corporation’s book-entry system to give effect to such issuance of such number of full shares of Common Stock to be issued upon such conversion

 

16


in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5 to such holder or (B) to the extent such shares are certificated, issue and deliver to such holder of Series A Preferred Stock a certificate or certificates for the number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5, (ii) pay in cash such amount as provided in Subsection 4.2 in lieu of any fraction of a share of Common Stock otherwise issuable upon such conversion and (iii) pay all declared but unpaid dividends on the shares of Series A Preferred Stock converted. Such converted Series A Preferred Stock shall be retired and cancelled and may not be reissued as shares of such series, and the Corporation may thereafter take such appropriate action (without the need for stockholder action) as may be necessary to reduce the authorized number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock to zero.

5.3 No Loss of Rights . The conversion of shares of Series A Preferred Stock to shares of Common Stock pursuant to this Section 5 shall not result in any loss of rights under the Stockholders’ Agreement.

6. Redemption . The Series A Preferred Stock is not redeemable.

7. Acquired Shares . Any shares of Series A Preferred Stock that are acquired by the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries shall be automatically and immediately cancelled and retired and shall not be reissued, sold or transferred (and the Corporation shall cause the Registrar to make such appropriate and applicable adjustments to give effect to the foregoing). Neither the Corporation nor any of its subsidiaries may exercise any voting or other rights granted to the holders of Series A Preferred Stock following any acquisition thereof.

8. Waiver . Any of the rights, powers, preferences and other terms of the Series A Preferred Stock set forth herein may be waived on behalf of all holders of Series A Preferred Stock by the affirmative written consent or vote of the holders of more than 79% of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding.

9. Notices . Any notice required or permitted by the provisions of this Article Fourth to be given to a holder of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be mailed, postage prepaid, to the post office address last shown on the records of the Corporation, or given by electronic communication in compliance with the provisions of the General Corporation Law, and shall be deemed sent upon such mailing or electronic transmission (subject to any necessary approvals required under the Stockholders’ Agreement).

 

  C. WITHHOLDING

The Corporation shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any amounts otherwise payable to a holder of Common Stock or Preferred Stock such amounts as the Corporation is required to deduct and withhold under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or any other tax law, with respect to the making of such payment. In the case of a deemed or constructive payment or distribution to such holder, if the Corporation pays withholding taxes on behalf of such holder with respect to such payment or distribution, the Corporation may, at its option, set off such taxes against any other payments of cash or property otherwise payable to such holder. To the extent that amounts are so withheld, deducted or set off by the Corporation, and, in each case, paid to the applicable taxing authority, such withheld, deducted or set off amounts shall be treated for all purposes as having been paid to such holder.

 

17


FIFTH: Subject to any additional vote required by the Certificate of Incorporation, the Stockholders’ Agreement or Bylaws, in furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized to make, repeal, alter, amend and rescind any or all of the Bylaws of the Corporation.

SIXTH: The number of directors of the Corporation shall be determined in the manner set forth in the Stockholders’ Agreement and/or Bylaws.

SEVENTH: Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws of the Corporation shall so provide.

EIGHTH: Meetings of stockholders may be held within or without the State of Delaware, as the Bylaws of the Corporation may provide. The books of the Corporation may be kept within or outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or in the Bylaws of the Corporation.

NINTH: The following exculpation, reimbursement and indemnification provisions shall apply to each Indemnitee (as defined below).

1. Exculpation .

1.1 A director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except to the extent such exemption from liability or limitation thereof is not permitted under the General Corporation Law as the same exists on the date hereof or may hereafter be amended. If the General Corporation Law or any other law of the State of Delaware is hereafter amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law as so amended.

1.2 Any repeal or modification of the foregoing paragraph shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation existing hereunder with respect to any act or omission occurring prior to such repeal or modification.

2. Indemnification .

2.1 Generally . Each Person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “ Proceeding ”), by reason of the fact that he or she or a Person of whom he or she is the legal representative is or was a director or an officer of the Corporation or while an officer or director of the Corporation is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer or trustee of another corporation, or as its representative in a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan (each an “ Indemnitee ”), whether the basis of such Proceeding is an alleged action in an official capacity as a director, officer, trustee or representative or in any other capacity while serving as a director, officer, trustee or representative, shall be indemnified and held harmless by

 

18


the Corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the General Corporation Law, as the same exists on the date hereof or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than such law permitted the Corporation to provide prior to such amendment), against all expense, liability and loss (including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines, excise taxes or penalties and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such Indemnitee in connection therewith; provided, however , that, except as provided in this Article Ninth with respect to Proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification and Advancement of Expenses (as defined below), the Corporation shall indemnify any such Indemnitee in connection with a Proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such Indemnitee only if such Proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors.

2.2 Advancement of Expenses . In addition to the right to indemnification conferred in this Article Ninth, an Indemnitee shall also have the right to be paid by the Corporation the expenses (including attorney’s fees) incurred in defending any Proceeding in advance of its final disposition (an “ Advancement of Expenses ”); provided , however , that if the General Corporation Law requires, an Advancement of Expenses incurred by an Indemnitee in his or her capacity as a director or officer (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such Indemnitee, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking (an “ Undertaking ”), by or on behalf of such Indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (a “Final Adjudication”) that such Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this Section 2 or otherwise.

2.3 If a claim under this Section 2 is not paid in full by the Corporation within sixty (60) days after a written claim has been received by the Corporation, except in the case of a claim for an Advancement of Expenses, in which case the applicable period shall be twenty (20) days, the Indemnitee may at any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim. If successful in whole or in part in any such suit, or in a suit brought by the Corporation to recover an Advancement of Expenses pursuant to the terms of an Undertaking, the Indemnitee shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting or defending such suit to the fullest extent permitted by law. In (i) any suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder (but not in a suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to an Advancement of Expenses) it shall be a defense that, and (ii) in any suit brought by the Corporation to recover an Advancement of Expenses pursuant to the terms of an Undertaking, the Corporation shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon a Final Adjudication that, the Indemnitee has not met any applicable standard for indemnification set forth in the General Corporation Law. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its directors who are not parties to such action, a committee of such directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such suit that indemnification of the Indemnitee is proper in the circumstances because the Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the General Corporation Law, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its directors who are not parties to such action, a committee of such directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) that the Indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall create a presumption that the Indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct or, in the case of such a suit brought by the Indemnitee, be a defense to such suit In any suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification

 

19


or to an Advancement of Expenses hereunder, or brought by the Corporation to recover an Advancement of Expenses pursuant to the terms of an Undertaking, the burden of proving that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified or to such Advancement of Expenses under this Section 2 or otherwise shall be on the Corporation.

3. Notice of Proceedings . Promptly after receipt by an Indemnitee of notice of the commencement of any Proceeding against such Indemnitee, such Indemnitee shall, if a claim for indemnification in respect thereof is to be made against the Corporation, give written notice to the Corporation of the commencement of such Proceeding; provided , that the failure of an Indemnitee to give notice as provided herein shall not relieve the Corporation of its obligations under Section 2 of this Article Ninth, except to the extent that the Corporation is prejudiced by such failure to give notice. In case any such Proceeding is brought against an Indemnitee (other than a Proceeding by or in the right of the Corporation), after the Corporation has acknowledged in writing its obligation to indemnify and hold harmless the Indemnitee, the Corporation will be entitled to assume the defense of such Proceeding; provided , that the Indemnitee shall be entitled to participate in such Proceeding and to retain its own counsel at its own expense; and provided , further , that if an Indemnitee elects to control the defense of a specific claim with respect to such Indemnitee, such Indemnitee shall not consent to the entry of a judgment or enter into a settlement that would require the Corporation to pay any amounts under Section 2 without the prior written consent of the Corporation, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. After notice from the Corporation to such Indemnitee acknowledging the Corporation’s obligation to indemnify and hold harmless the Indemnitee and electing to assume the defense of such Proceeding, the Corporation will not be liable for expenses subsequently incurred by such Indemnitee in connection with the defense thereof. Without the consent of such Indemnitee, the Corporation will not consent to the entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement that (a) does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such Indemnitee of a release from all liability arising out of the Proceeding and claims asserted therein, (b) requires or involves any admission on the part of the Indemnitee or (c) requires the Indemnitee to take any action or to forego taking any action.

4. Insurance; Director Indemnification Agreements . The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such Person against such expense, liability or loss under the General Corporation Law. The Corporation may enter into director indemnification agreements (in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Board of Directors) with each director of the Corporation.

5. Indemnification of Employees and Agents . The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, grant rights to indemnification and to the Advancement of Expenses to any employee or agent of the Corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Article Ninth with respect to the indemnification and Advancement of Expenses of directors and officers of the Corporation.

6. Continuing Rights . The rights conferred upon Indemnitees in this Article Ninth shall be contract rights and such rights shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be a director, officer or trustee and shall inure to the benefit of the Indemnitee’s heirs, executors and administrators. Any amendment, alteration or repeal of this Article Ninth that adversely

 

20


affects any right of an Indemnitee or its successors shall be prospective only and shall not limit or eliminate any such right with respect to any Proceeding involving any occurrence or alleged occurrence of any action or omission to act that took place prior to such amendment or repeal.

7. Non-Exclusivity; Primacy of Indemnification .

7.1 The rights of indemnification as provided by this Article Ninth shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which an Indemnitee may at any time be entitled under applicable law, any agreement or otherwise. To the extent that a change in the law, whether by statute or judicial decision, permits greater indemnification than would be afforded currently under this Article Ninth, then the Indemnitees shall be provided the benefit of the greater benefits so afforded by such change. No right or remedy herein conferred is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every other right and remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise.

7.2 Except as provided in Subsection 7.4 of this Article Ninth below, in the event of any payment by the Corporation under this Article Ninth, the Corporation shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of the Indemnitee (other than against the Fund Indemnitors (as defined below)), who shall execute all papers required and take all action necessary to secure such rights for the Corporation, including execution of such documents as are necessary to enable the Corporation to bring suit to enforce such rights.

7.3 Except as provided in Subsection 7.4 of this Article Ninth below, the Corporation shall not be liable to make any payment of amounts otherwise indemnifiable hereunder if and to the extent that an Indemnitee has otherwise actually received such payment under any insurance policy, contract, agreement or otherwise.

7.4 The Corporation hereby acknowledges that the Indemnitees may have certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses and/or insurance provided by, or maintained by, a stockholder of the Corporation or any of its Affiliates (collectively, the “ Fund Indemnitors ”). The Corporation hereby agrees (i) that it is the indemnitor of first resort with respect to matters which are the subject of indemnification or advancement of expenses under this Article Ninth (i.e., its obligations to the Indemnitees are primary and any obligation of the Fund Indemnitors to advance expenses or to provide indemnification for the same expenses or liabilities incurred by the Indemnitees are secondary), (ii) that it shall be required to advance the full amount of expenses incurred by the Indemnitees and shall be liable for the full amount of all expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement to the extent legally permitted and as required by the Certificate of Incorporation (or any agreement between the Corporation and the Indemnitee), without regard to any rights the Indemnitee may have against the Fund Indemnitors, and (iii) that it irrevocably waives, relinquishes and releases the Fund Indemnitors from any and all claims against the Fund Indemnitors for contribution, subrogation or any other recovery of any kind in respect thereof. The Corporation further agrees that no advancement or payment by the Fund Indemnitors on behalf of the Indemnitee with respect to any claim for which the Indemnitee has sought indemnification from the Corporation shall affect the foregoing and the Fund Indemnitors shall have a right of contribution and/or be subrogated to the extent of such advancement or payment to all of the rights of recovery of an Indemnitee against the Corporation.

 

21


TENTH: The following provisions shall apply to each Covered Person (as defined below).

1. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any Covered Person may engage in or possess an interest in other investments, business ventures or Persons of any nature or description, independently or with others, similar or dissimilar to, or that compete with, the investments or business of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries, and may provide advice and other assistance to any such investment, business venture or Person, (ii) the Corporation and any holder of capital stock of the Corporation shall have no rights by virtue of his, her or its ownership of such capital stock of the Corporation or otherwise in and to such investments, business ventures or Persons or the income or profits derived therefrom, and (iii) the pursuit of any such investment or venture, even if competitive with the business of the Corporation, shall not be deemed wrongful or improper, except, in each such case, as may have been agreed by any such Covered Person with the Corporation in writing, in which case, all of such Person’s interest in any such investments or business ventures will, at the election of the Board of Directors, become an asset of the Corporation. For the purposes of the Certificate of Incorporation, (x) the term “ Affiliate ” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person, and the term “control” (including the terms “controlled by” and “under common control with”) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, the holders of capital stock of the Corporation, the Corporation and/or any of their respective subsidiaries shall not be considered Affiliates of any portfolio company in which any holder of capital stock of the Corporation (including their respective direct or indirect owners and their respective Affiliates) have made a debt or equity investment (or vice versa), (y) the term “ Covered Persons ” means any holder of capital stock of the Corporation, and any manager, director, officer, Affiliate, controlling Person, partner or employee of any of the foregoing, in each case, other than a Person that is also an officer or employee of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries and (z) the term “ Person ” means any individual, corporation, partnership, trust, joint stock company, business trust, unincorporated association, joint venture or other entity of any nature whatsoever.

2. To the fullest extent permitted by law, no Covered Person shall have any duty to communicate or present any particular investment or business opportunity to the Corporation even if such opportunity is of a character that, if presented to the Corporation, could be pursued by the Corporation, and (A) such Covered Person shall have the right to pursue for his, her or its own account (individually or as a partner or fiduciary) or to recommend to others any such particular opportunity, and (B) the Corporation hereby renounces any interest or expectancy it may have in such opportunity, with the result that such Covered Person shall not be liable to the Corporation or its holders of capital stock for breach of any fiduciary duty, including for breach of any fiduciary duty as a stockholder of the Corporation by reason of the fact that such Covered Person pursues or acquires such opportunity for itself, directs such opportunity to another Person, or does not present such opportunity to the Corporation. Without limiting the foregoing, to the extent such Covered Person is a director of the Corporation, and such Covered Person acquires knowledge of a potential transaction or matter that may be an opportunity for both the Corporation and such Covered Person, such opportunity shall belong to such Covered Person, and the Corporation hereby renounces any interest or expectancy it may have in such opportunity, unless such opportunity is presented to, or acquired, created or developed by, or otherwise comes into the possession of, a Covered Person expressly and solely in such Covered Person’s capacity as a director of the Corporation, in which case such opportunity shall belong to the Corporation.

 

22


3. Nothing in this Article Tenth as it relates to (i) any employee or former employee of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries shall limit the obligations of such Person under any other agreements with the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries, as applicable, or under any policy of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries, as applicable, to which such Person may be subject from time to time, or (ii) any holder of capital stock of the Corporation shall limit the obligations of any such holder of capital stock of the Corporation which is, or has an Affiliate which is, subject to confidentiality or non-competition or similar obligations to the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries under any other agreements.

4. No amendment or repeal of this Article Tenth shall apply to or have any effect on the liability or alleged liability of Covered Person for or with respect to any opportunities of which any such Covered Person becomes aware prior to such amendment or repeal.

ELEVENTH: Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for any stockholder (including a beneficial owner) to bring (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation, its directors, officers or employees arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law or the Corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws or (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation, its directors, officers or employees governed by the internal affairs doctrine, except for, as to each of (i) through (iv) above, any claim as to which the Court of Chancery determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery within ten days following such determination), which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery, or for which the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction. If any provision or provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any person or entity or circumstance for any reason whatsoever, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation (including, without limitation, each portion of any sentence of this Certificate of Incorporation containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) and the application of such provision to other persons or entities and circumstances shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Article Twelfth.

 

23


TWELFTH: The following provisions shall apply to each stockholder in respect of all shares of the capital stock of the Corporation.

1. Transfer Restrictions . Prior to the consummation of an initial public offering of any class of capital stock of the Corporation in an underwritten public offering pursuant to an effective registration statement (other than on Form S-4, S-8 or their equivalent) under the Securities Act of 1933 resulting in aggregate proceeds (before deducting underwriting commissions) of at least S60 million (a “ Qualified IPO ”), except as may be approved by the Board of Directors, no holder of capital stock of the Corporation shall Transfer all or any portion of the shares of capital stock of the Corporation. The Board of Directors shall approve a Transfer of shares of capital stock of the Corporation only if and to the extent such Transfer is in accordance with the provisions of the Stockholders’ Agreement (interpreted, in the case of any holder of capita] stock of the Corporation that is not a party to the Stockholders’ Agreement, as if such holder was an “Other Stockholder” as such term is used in the Stockholders’ Agreement; provided , that if such holder is a Seamless Holdings Management Stockholder (as defined in the Stockholders’ Agreement), the provisions of the Stockholders’ Agreement for this purpose shall be interpreted as if such holder was a “Seamless Holdings Stockholder” as such term is used in the Stockholders’ Agreement). The Corporation shall keep a copy of the Stockholders’ Agreement, as amended, available for inspection by the stockholders of the Corporation during normal business hours at the offices of the Corporation. “ Transfer ” shall mean any transfer, sale, assignment, exchange, mortgage, pledge, hypothecation or other disposition (whether with or without consideration and whether voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law) of any shares of capital stock of the Corporation (but not including any new issuance of shares of capital stock by the Corporation). Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, all restrictions on Transfers of capital stock of the Corporation shall terminate and expire upon the consummation of a Qualified IPO.

2. Drag-Along .

2.1 Prior to the consummation of a Qualified IPO, if the Board of Directors approves a merger, sale, reorganization, recapitalization or other transaction or series of related transactions that will result in a Change of Control (as defined in and determined in the manner set forth in the Stockholders’ Agreement, a “ Change of Control ”) and any additional required approvals under the Stockholders’ Agreement have been given (collectively, a “ Sale Proposal ”), then the Corporation shall deliver a written notice (a “ Required Sale Notice ”) with respect to such Sale Proposal to all of the stockholders.

2.2 Each stockholder, upon receipt of a Required Sale Notice, shall be obligated to (A) sell a proportionate number of its shares of capital stock of the Corporation calculated on the same basis as calculated for other stockholders pursuant to the Stockholders’ Agreement, (B) participate in the Change of Control contemplated by the Sale Proposal, (C) vote its shares in favor of such Change of Control at any meeting of stockholders called to vote on or approve such Change of Control, (D) consent in writing to such Change of Control, (E) waive all dissenters’ or appraisal rights (if any) in connection with such Change of Control, (F) enter into the same agreements (in terms of both form and substance) relating to such Change of Control that all other participating stockholders are required to enter into in connection therewith, (G) agree (as to itself) to make to the proposed purchaser the same representations, warranties, covenants, indemnities and agreements as the Corporation may request in connection with such Change of

 

24


Control, and (H) take or cause to be taken all other actions as may be reasonably necessary to consummate such Change of Control (including, converting any shares of Series A Preferred Stock into Common Stock immediately prior to the consummation of such Change of Control (if so requested by the Board of Directors conditioned on the consummation of such Change of Control)); provided , that unless otherwise agreed by the applicable stockholder, a stockholder shall not be required to make representations and warranties, enter into covenants, or assume liability or indemnification obligations in respect thereof, in each case except as contemplated by the Stockholders’ Agreement. In the event that consideration is payable in securities and, due to restrictions under the Securities Act of 1933 or other foreign or state securities law, a stockholder may not acquire such securities, such stockholder shall be entitled to cash equal to the value of such securities.

2.3 Expenses, indemnities, holdbacks, escrows and similar items relating to such Change of Control shall be paid, withheld or established by the stockholders in the proportions contemplated by the Stockholders’ Agreement.

2.4 The Board of Directors shall, in its sole discretion, decide whether or not to pursue, consummate, postpone or abandon any Change of Control contemplated by the Sale Proposal and the terms and conditions thereof. None of the Board of Directors, the Corporation, any stockholder or any affiliate of any stockholder shall have any liability to any other stockholder or to the Corporation arising from, relating to or in connection with the pursuit, consummation, postponement, abandonment or terms and conditions of any Change of Control contemplated by the Sale Proposal except to the extent such Person shall have failed to comply with the provisions of this Section 2 of this Article Twelfth.

2.5 If the Corporation or the holders of the Corporation’s capital stock enter into any negotiation or transaction for which Rule 506 (or any similar rule then in effect) promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission may be available with respect to such negotiation or transaction (including a merger, consolidation or other reorganization), any stockholder who is a natural person will, and each stockholder that is an entity that is not an “accredited investor” (as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933) will cause any of its owners that is a natural person to, at the request of the Corporation, appoint a “purchaser representative” (as such term is defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission) acceptable to the Corporation. If any stockholder or owner thereof who is a natural person appoints a purchaser representative designated by the Corporation in accordance with this Section 2.5 of this Article Twelfth, the Corporation will pay the reasonable fees of such purchaser representative, but if any stockholder or owner thereof who is a natural person declines to appoint the purchaser representative designated by the Corporation, such holder will appoint another purchaser representative, and such holder will be responsible for all of the fees of the purchaser representative so appointed.

2.6 If both shares of Series A Preferred Stock and Common Stock are sold in a transaction described in this Section 2 of this Article Twelfth, then notwithstanding any contrary provision of this Section 2, unless otherwise approved pursuant to the Stockholders* Agreement, the proceeds of such transaction shall be paid to the stockholders in accordance with Sections 2.1 and 2.2 of Part B of Article Fourth.

2.7 Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, this Section 2 of this Article Thirteenth shall terminate and expire upon the consummation of a Qualified IPO.

 

25


3. Acquisition Subject to Reorganization Agreement . Any Person acquiring shares of capital stock of the Corporation at any time shall acquire such shares in all respects subject to that certain Reorganization Agreement dated as of May 19, 2013 by and among the Corporation and the parties identified on the signature pages thereto (as amended, modified, supplemented or restated from time to time, the “ Reorganization Agreement ,” which Reorganization Agreement is on file with the Secretary of the Corporation).

4. Board of Directors Matters . The Board of Directors shall consist of such number of directors as may be required in the Stockholders’ Agreement. In the event of any reduction in size of the Board of Directors pursuant to the terms of the Stockholders’ Agreement, such reduction in size shall become effective automatically without any action required by the Board of Directors or stockholders. The Board of Directors shall establish such committees of the Board of Directors as may be required in the Stockholders’ Agreement. The Board of Directors shall not delegate authority except as permitted in the Stockholders’ Agreement The quorum for any meetings of the Board of Directors or committees thereof shall be determined in accordance with the Stockholders’ Agreement, including Section 2.7 thereof.

*    *    *

3. That the foregoing amendment and restatement was approved by the holders of the requisite number of shares of this corporation in accordance with Section 228 of the General Corporation Law.

4. That this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, which restates and integrates and further amends the provisions of this Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation, has been duly adopted in accordance with Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law.

 

26


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the Corporation has caused this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be executed by a duly authorized officer of GrubHub Holdings Inc. on this 21 st day of May, 2013.

 

By:  

LOGO

 

  Matt Maloney, President

 

27

Exhibit 3.4

BY-LAWS OF GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.

ARTICLE I

OFFICES

 

1.1 Registered Office.

The registered office of GrubHub Holdings Inc., (the “ Corporation ”) in the State of Delaware shall be 160 Greentree Drive, Suite 101, in the City of Dover, County of Kent, and the registered agent in charge thereof shall be National Registered Agents, Inc..

 

1.2 Principal Office.

The principal office for the transaction of the business of the Corporation shall be at such place as may be established by the Board of Directors (the “ Board ”). The Board is granted full power and authority to change said principal office from one location to another.

 

1.3 Other Offices.

The Corporation may also have an office or offices at any other place or places within or outside the State of Delaware.

ARTICLE II

MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS;

STOCKHOLDERS’ CONSENT IN LIEU OF MEETING

 

2.1 Annual Meetings.

The annual meeting of the stockholders for the election of directors, and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting, shall be held at such place, date and hour as shall be fixed by the Board and designated in the notice or waiver of notice thereof, except that no annual meeting need be held if all actions, including the election of directors, required by the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “ DGCL ”) to be taken at a stockholders’ annual meeting are taken by written consent in lieu of meeting pursuant to Section 2.10 .

 

2.2 Special Meetings.

A special meeting of the stockholders for any purpose or purposes may be called by (i) the Board, (ii) by a committee of the Board that has been duly designated by the Board and whose powers and authority, as provided in a resolution of the Board or in these By-Laws, include the power to call such meetings, (iii) the Chairman, (iv) the President or, (v) the record holders of at least a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Corporation, to be held at such place, date and hour as shall be designated in the notice or waiver of notice thereof; provided , however , that if and to the extent that any special meeting of


stockholders may be called by any other person or persons specified in any provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation (the “ Certificate of Incorporation ”) or any amendment thereto, or any certificate filed under Section 151(g) of the DGCL, then such special meeting may also be called by the person or persons in the manner, at the times and for the purposes so specified.

 

2.3 Notice of Meetings.

Except as otherwise required by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, notice of each annual or special meeting of the stockholders shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the day on which the meeting is to be held, by delivering written notice thereof to him personally, or by mailing a copy of such notice, postage prepaid, directly to him at his address as it appears in the records of the Corporation, or by transmitting such notice thereof to him at such address by telegraph, cable or other telephonic transmission. Every such notice shall state the place, the date and hour of the meeting, and, in case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Notice of any meeting of stockholders shall not be required to be given to any stockholder who shall attend such meeting in person or by proxy, or who shall, in person or by attorney thereunto authorized, waive such notice in writing, either before or after such meeting. Except as otherwise provided in these By-Laws, neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any meeting of the stockholders need be specified in any such notice or waiver of notice. Notice of any adjourned meeting of stockholders shall not be required to be given, except when expressly required by law.

 

2.4 Quorum.

At each meeting of the stockholders, except where otherwise provided by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, the holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares entitled to vote at such meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business; provided , however , that the stockholders present at a duly called or held meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to transact business until adjournment notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum, if any action taken (other than adjournment) is approved by at least a majority of the shares required to constitute a quorum. In the absence of a quorum, a majority in voting interest of the stockholders present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote, or, in the absence of all the stockholders entitled to vote, any officer entitled to preside at, or act as secretary of, such meeting, shall have the power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than an announcement at the meeting until stockholders holding the requisite amount of stock to constitute a quorum shall be present or represented. At any such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called. The Chairman of the meeting may determine that a quorum is present based upon any reasonable evidence of the presence in person or by proxy of stockholders holding a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock, including without limitation, evidence from any record of stockholders who have signed a register indicating their presence at the meeting.

 

2


2.5 Organization.

(a) Unless otherwise determined by the Board, at each meeting of the stockholders, one of the following shall act as chairman of the meeting and preside thereat, in the following order of precedence:

(i) the Chairman, if any;

(ii) the President;

(iii) the Vice President;

(iv) any director, officer or stockholder of the Corporation designated by the Board to act as chairman of such meeting and to preside thereat if the Chairman or the President shall be absent from such meeting; or

(v) a stockholder of record who shall be chosen chairman of such meeting by a majority in voting interest of the stockholders present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereat.

(b) The Secretary or, if he shall be presiding over such meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.5 or if he shall be absent from such meeting, the person (who shall be an Assistant Secretary, if an Assistant Secretary has been appointed and is present) whom the chairman of such meeting shall appoint, shall act as secretary of such meeting and keep the minutes thereof.

 

2.6 Order of Business.

The order of business at each meeting of the stockholders shall be determined by the chairman of such meeting, but such order of business may be changed by a majority in voting interest of the stockholders present in person or by proxy at such meeting and entitled to vote thereat.

 

2.7 Voting.

(a) Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, at each meeting of the stockholders, every stockholder of the Corporation shall be entitled to one vote in person or by proxy for each share of Common Stock of the Corporation held by him and registered in his name on the books of the Corporation on the date fixed pursuant to Section 6.7 as the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting. Persons holding stock in a fiduciary capacity shall be entitled to vote the shares so held. A person whose stock is pledged shall be entitled to vote, unless, in the transfer by the pledgor on the books of the Corporation, he has expressly empowered the pledgee to vote thereon, in which case only the pledgee or his proxy may represent such stock and vote thereon. If shares or other securities having voting power stand in the record of two or more persons, whether fiduciaries, members of a partnership, joint tenants, tenants in common, tenants by the entirety or otherwise, or if two or more persons have the same fiduciary relationship respecting the same shares, unless the Secretary shall be given written notice to the contrary and furnished with a copy of the instrument or order appointing them or creating the relationship wherein it is so provided, their acts with respect to voting shall have the following effect:

(i) if only one votes, his act binds all;

 

3


(ii) if more than one votes, the act of the majority so voting binds all; and

(iii) if more than one votes, but the vote is evenly split on any particular matter, such shares shall be voted in the manner provided by law.

(b) If the instrument so filed shows that any such tenancy is held in unequal interests, a majority or even-split for the purposes of this Section 2.7 shall be a majority or even-split in interest. The Corporation shall not vote directly or indirectly any share of its own capital stock. Any vote of stock may be given by the stockholder entitled thereto in person or by his proxy appointed by an instrument in writing, subscribed by such stockholder or by his attorney thereunto authorized, delivered to the secretary of the meeting; provided , however , that no proxy shall be voted after three years from its date, unless said proxy provides for a longer period. At all meetings of the stockholders, all matters (except where other provisions are made by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, in which case such express provisions shall govern and control the decision of such matter) shall be decided by the vote of a majority in voting interest of the stockholders present in person or by proxy at such meeting and entitled to vote thereon, a quorum being present. Unless demanded by a stockholder present in person or by proxy at any meeting and entitled to vote thereon, the vote on any question need not be by ballot. Upon a demand by any such stockholder for a vote by ballot upon any question, such vote by ballot shall be taken. On a vote by ballot, each ballot shall be signed by the stockholder voting, or by his proxy, if there be such proxy, and shall state the number of shares voted.

 

2.8 Inspection.

(a) The chairman of the meeting may at any time appoint one or more inspectors to serve at any meeting of the stockholders. Any inspector may be removed, and a new inspector or inspectors appointed, by the Board at any time. Such inspectors shall decide upon the qualifications of voters, accept and count votes, declare the results of such vote, and subscribe and deliver to the secretary of the meeting a certificate stating the number of shares of stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereon and the number of shares voted for and against the question, respectively. The inspectors need not be stockholders of the Corporation, and any director or officer of the Corporation may be an inspector on any question other than a vote for or against his election to any position with the Corporation or on any other matter in which he may be directly interested. Before acting as herein provided, each inspector shall subscribe an oath faithfully to execute the duties of an inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his ability.

(b) The inspector shall perform his or her duties and shall make all determinations in accordance with the DGCL including, without limitation, Section 231 of the DGCL.

 

4


2.9 List of Stockholders.

It shall be the duty of the Secretary or other officer of the Corporation who shall have charge of its stock ledger to prepare and make, before every meeting of the stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to any such meeting, during ordinary business hours, prior to such meeting, either at a place within the city where such meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. Such list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.

 

2.10 Stockholders’ Consent in Lieu of Meeting.

Any action required by the DGCL to be taken at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation, or any action which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, by a consent in writing, as permitted by, and in accordance with, the DGCL.

ARTICLE III

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

 

3.1 General Powers.

The business, property and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board, which may exercise all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.

 

3.2 Number and Term of Office.

The number of directors shall be fixed from time to time by the Board. Directors need not be stockholders. Each director shall hold office until his successor is elected and qualified, or until his earlier death or resignation or removal in the manner hereinafter provided.

 

3.3 Election of Directors.

At each meeting of the stockholders for the election of directors at which a quorum is present, the persons receiving the greatest number of votes, up to the number of directors to be elected, of the stockholders present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereon shall be the directors; provided , however , that for purposes of such vote no stockholder shall be allowed to cumulate his votes. Unless an election by ballot shall be demanded as provided in Section 2.7 , election of directors may be conducted in any manner approved at such meeting.

 

5


3.4 Resignation, Removal and Vacancies.

(a) Any director may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Board, the Chairman, the President or the Secretary. Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein or, if the time be not specified, upon receipt thereof. Unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.

(b) Except as otherwise required by applicable law, any director or the entire Board may be removed, with or without cause, at any time by vote of the holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors or by written consent of the stockholders pursuant to Section 2.10 .

(c) Vacancies occurring on the Board for any reason may be filled by vote of the stockholders or by the stockholders’ written consent pursuant to Section 2.10 , or by vote of the Board or by the directors’ written consent pursuant to Section 3.6 . If the number of directors then in office is less than a quorum, such vacancies may be filled by a vote of a majority of the directors then in office, or by, if there shall then be only one director remaining, by the sole remaining director.

 

3.5 Meetings.

(a) Annual Meetings . As soon as practicable after each annual election of directors, the Board shall meet for the purpose of organization and the transaction of other business, unless it shall have transacted all such business by written consent pursuant to Section 3.6 .

(b) Other Meetings . Other meetings of the Board shall be held at such times and places as the Board, the Chairman, the President or any director shall from time to time determine.

(c) Notice of Meetings . Notice shall be given to each director of each meeting, including the time, place and purpose of such meeting. Notice of each such meeting shall be mailed to each director, addressed to him at his residence or usual place of business, at least one (1) day before the date on which such meeting is to be held, or shall be sent to him at such place by telegraph, cable, wireless, electronic means or other form of recorded communication, or be delivered personally or by telephone not later than the day before the day on which such meeting is to be held, but notice need not be given to any director who shall attend such meeting. A written waiver of notice, signed by the person entitled thereto, whether before or after the time of the meeting stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice.

(d) Place of Meetings . The Board may hold its meetings at such place or places within or outside the State of Delaware as the Board may from time to time determine, or as shall be designated in the respective notices or waivers of notice thereof.

(e) Quorum and Manner of Acting . A majority of the total number of directors then in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the vote of a majority of those directors present at any such meeting at which a quorum is present shall be necessary for the passage of any resolution or act of the Board, except as otherwise expressly

 

6


required by law or these By-Laws. In the absence of a quorum for any such meeting, a majority of the directors present thereat may adjourn such meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be present. Notice of any adjourned meeting need not be given.

 

3.6 Directors’ Consent in Lieu of Meeting.

Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by all the directors then in office or all members of such committee, as the case may be, and such consent is filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board or committee.

 

3.7 Action by Means of Conference Telephone or Similar Communications Equipment.

Any one or more members of the Board may participate in a meeting of the Board by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

 

3.8 Committees.

Except as otherwise provided by applicable law, the Board may, by resolution or resolutions passed by a majority of the whole Board, designate one or more committees, each such committee to consist of one or more directors of the Corporation, which to the extent provided in said resolution or resolutions shall have and may exercise the powers of the Board in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it, such committee or committees to have such name or names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board. The Board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. Upon the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, if the Board has not designated one or more alternates (or if such alternate(s) is then absent or disqualified), the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the board to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member or alternate. A majority of all the members of any such committee may determine its action and fix the time and place of its meetings, unless the Board shall otherwise provide. The Board shall have power to change the members of any such committee at any time, to fill vacancies and to discharge any such committee, either with or without cause, at any time.

 

3.9 Fees and Compensation

Each director and each member of a committee of the Board shall receive such fees and reimbursement of expenses incurred on behalf of the Corporation or in attending meetings as the Board may from time to time determine. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefore.

 

7


ARTICLE IV

OFFICERS

 

4.1 Executive Officers.

The principal officers of the Corporation shall be a Chairman, if one is appointed (and any references to the Chairman shall not apply if a Chairman has not been appointed), a President, a Chief Financial Officer, a Vice President, a Secretary and a Treasurer, and may include such other officers as the Board may appoint pursuant to Section 4.3 . Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.

 

4.2 Authority and Duties.

All officers, as between themselves and the Corporation, shall have such authority and perform such duties in the management of the Corporation as may be provided in these By-Laws or, to the extent so provided, by the Board.

 

4.3 Other Officers.

The Corporation may have such other officers, agents and employees as the Board may deem necessary. The Board may delegate to any principal officer the power to appoint and define the authority and duties of, or remove, any such officers, agents or employees.

 

4.4 Term of Office, Resignation and Removal.

(a) All officers shall be elected or appointed by the Board and shall hold office for such term as may be prescribed by the Board. Each officer shall hold office until his successor has been elected or appointed and qualified or until his earlier death or resignation or removal in the manner hereinafter provided. The Board may require any officer to give security for the faithful performance of his duties.

(b) Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Board, the Chairman, the President or the Secretary. Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein or, if the time be not specified, at the time it is accepted by action of the Board. Except as aforesaid, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.

(c) All officers and agents elected or appointed by the Board shall be subject to removal, with or without cause, at any time by the Board.

 

4.5 Vacancies.

If the office of Chairman, President, Chief Financial Officer or Secretary becomes vacant for any reason, the Board shall fill such vacancy, and if any other office becomes vacant, the Board may fill such vacancy. Any officer so appointed or elected by the Board shall serve only until such time as the unexpired term of his predecessor shall have expired, unless reelected or reappointed by the Board.

 

8


4.6 The Chairman.

The Chairman shall give counsel and advice to the Board and the officers of the Corporation on all subjects concerning the welfare of the Corporation and the conduct of its business and shall perform such other duties as the Board may from time to time determine. Unless otherwise determined by the Board, he shall preside at meetings of the Board and of the stockholders at which he is present.

 

4.7 The President.

The President shall be the chief operating and administrative officer of the Corporation, subject to the authority of the Board and the Chairman (and the Chief Executive Officer, if appointed). After the Chairman and the Chief Executive Officer, he shall direct the policies and management of the Corporation. The President shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board or the Chairman (or the Chief Executive Officer, if appointed), or as otherwise prescribed by law of these By-Laws.

 

4.8 The Secretary.

The Secretary shall, to the extent practicable, attend all meetings of the Board and all meetings of the stockholders and shall record all votes and the minutes of all proceedings in a book to be kept for that purpose. He may give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board, the Chairman or the President (or the Chief Executive Officer, if appointed), under whose supervision he shall act. He shall keep in safe custody the seal of the Corporation and affix the same to any duly authorized instrument requiring it and, when so affixed, it shall be attested by his signature or by the signature, if appointed, of an Assistant Secretary. He shall keep in safe custody the certificate books and stockholder records and such other books and records as the Board may direct, and shall perform all other duties incident to the office of Secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board, the Chairman or the President (or the Chief Executive Officer, if appointed).

 

4.9 The Chief Financial Officer.

The Chief Financial Officer shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board. The Chief Financial Officer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, shall render to the Chairman, President and directors (and the Chief Executive Officer, if appointed), at the regular meetings of the Board, or whenever they may require it, an account of all his transactions as Chief Financial Officer and of the financial condition of the Corporation and shall perform all other duties incident to the office of Chief Financial Officer and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board, the Chairman or the President (or the Chief Executive Officer, if appointed).

 

9


4.10 Treasurer.

The Treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of corporate funds and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. The Treasurer shall have the authority to execute and deliver, in the name and on behalf of the corporation, checks, orders, contracts, leases, notes, drafts and all other documents and instruments in connection with the affairs of the corporation, including contracts and instruments requiring a seal, except where the execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to some other officer or agent of the corporation.

ARTICLE V

CONTRACTS, CHECKS, DRAFTS, BANK ACCOUNTS, ETC.

 

5.1 Execution of Documents.

The Board shall designate, by either specific or general resolution, the officers, employees and agents of the Corporation who shall have the power to execute and deliver deeds, contracts, mortgages, bonds, debentures, checks, drafts and other orders for the payment of money and other documents for and in the name of the Corporation, and may authorize such officers, employees and agents to delegate such power (including authority to redelegate) by written instrument to other officers, employees or agents of the Corporation. Unless so designated or expressly authorized by these By-Laws, no officer, employee or agent shall have any power or authority to bind the Corporation by any contract or engagement, to pledge its credit or to render it liable pecuniarily for any purpose or amount.

 

5.2 Deposits.

All funds of the Corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the Corporation or otherwise as the Board or Chief Financial Officer, or any other officer of the Corporation to whom power in this respect shall have been given by the Board, shall select.

 

5.3 Proxies with Respect to Stock or Other Securities of Other Corporations.

The Board shall designate the officers of the Corporation who shall have authority from time to time to appoint an agent or agents of the Corporation to exercise in the name and on behalf of the Corporation the powers and rights which the Corporation may have as the holder of stock or other securities in any other corporation, and to vote or consent with respect to such stock or securities. Such designated officers may instruct the person or persons so appointed as to the manner of exercising such powers and rights, and such designated officers may execute or cause to be executed in the name and on behalf of the Corporation and under its corporate seal or otherwise, such written proxies, powers of attorney or other instruments as they may deem necessary or proper in order that the Corporation may exercise its powers and rights.

 

10


ARTICLE VI

SHARES AND THEIR TRANSFER; FIXING RECORD DATE

 

6.1 Certificates for Shares.

Every owner of stock of the Corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate certifying the number and class of shares owned by him in the Corporation, which shall be in such form as shall be prescribed by the Board. Certificates shall be numbered and issued in consecutive order and shall be signed by, or in the name of, the Corporation by the Chairman, the President, the Chief Financial Officer or any Vice President (the Chief Executive Officer, if appointed), and by the Secretary (or an Assistant Secretary, if appointed). In case any officer or officers who shall have signed any such certificate or certificates shall cease to be such officer or officers of the Corporation, whether because of death, resignation or otherwise, before such certificate or certificates shall have been delivered by the Corporation, such certificate or certificates may nevertheless be adopted by the Corporation and be issued and delivered as though the person or persons who signed such certificate had not ceased to be such officer or officers of the Corporation.

 

6.2 Record.

A record in one or more counterparts shall be kept of the name of the person, firm or corporation owning the shares represented by each certificate for stock of the Corporation issued, the number of shares represented by each such certificate, the date thereof and, in the case of cancellation, the date of cancellation. Except as otherwise expressly required by law, the person in whose name shares of stock stand on the stock record of the Corporation shall be deemed the owner thereof for all purposes regarding the Corporation, and the Corporation shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof.

 

6.3 Transfer and Registration of Stock.

(a) The transfer of stock and certificates which represent the stock of the Corporation shall be governed by Article 8 of Subtitle 1 of Title 6 of the Delaware Code (the Uniform Commercial Code), as amended from time to time.

(b) Registration of transfers of shares of the Corporation shall be made only on the books of the Corporation upon request of the registered holder thereof, or of his attorney thereunto authorized by power of attorney duly executed and filed with the Secretary, and upon the surrender of the certificate or certificates for such shares properly endorsed or accompanied by a stock power duly executed.

 

6.4 Addresses of Stockholders.

Each stockholder shall designate to the Secretary an address at which notices of meetings and all other corporate notices may be served or mailed to him, and, if any stockholder shall fail to designate such address, corporate notices may be served upon him by mail directed to him at his post-office address, if any, as the same appears on the share record books of the Corporation or at his last known post-office address.

 

11


6.5 Lost, Destroyed and Mutilated Certificates.

The holder of any shares of the Corporation shall immediately notify the Corporation of any loss, destruction or mutilation of the certificate therefor, and the Board may, in its discretion, cause to be issued to him a new certificate or certificates for such shares, upon the surrender of the mutilated certificates or, in the case of loss or destruction of the certificate, upon satisfactory proof of such loss or destruction, and the Board may, in its discretion, require the owner of the lost or destroyed certificate or his legal representative to give the Corporation a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties as it may direct to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss or destruction of any such certificate.

 

6.6 Regulations.

The Board may make such rules and regulations as it may deem expedient, not inconsistent with these By-Laws, concerning the issue, transfer and registration of certificates for stock of the Corporation.

 

6.7 Fixing Date for Determination of Stockholders of Record.

(a) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board, and which record date shall be not more than 60 nor less than 10 days before the date of such meeting. If no record date is fixed by the Board, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided , however , that the Board may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

(b) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board, and which date shall be not more than 10 days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board. If no record date has been fixed by the Board, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board is required by the DGCL, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. If no record date has been fixed by the Board and prior action by the Board is

 

12


required by the DGCL, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board adopts the resolution taking such prior action.

(c) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than 60 days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board adopts the resolution relating thereto.

ARTICLE VII

SEAL

The Board may provide a corporate seal, which shall be in the form of a circle and shall bear the full name of the Corporation, the year of incorporation of the Corporation and the words and figures “GrubHub Holdings Inc. - Corporate Seal - Delaware.”

ARTICLE VIII

FISCAL YEAR

The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be the calendar year unless otherwise determined by the Board.

ARTICLE IX

INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE

 

9.1 Indemnification.

(a) As provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL as the same exists or may hereafter be amended, a director of the Corporation shall not be liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for breach of fiduciary duty as a director.

(b) Without limitation of any right conferred by paragraph (a) of this Section 9.1 , each person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is otherwise involved in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (hereinafter, a “ Proceeding ”), by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer or employee of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer or employee of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee

 

13


benefit plan (hereinafter, an “ indemnitee ”), whether the basis of such proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity while serving as a director, officer or employee or in any other capacity while serving as a director, officer or employee, shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than permitted prior thereto), against all expense, liability and loss (including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines, excise taxes, penalties or amounts paid or to be paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such indemnitee in connection therewith and such indemnification shall continue as to an indemnitee who has ceased to be a director, officer or employee and shall inure to the benefit of the indemnitee’s heirs, testators, intestates, executors and administrators; provided , however , that such person acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Corporation, and with respect to a criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful; provided further , however , that no indemnification shall be made in the case of an action, suit or proceeding by or in the right of the Corporation in relation to matters as to which it shall be adjudged in such action, suit or proceeding that such director, officer, employee or agent is liable to the Corporation, unless a court having jurisdiction shall determine that, despite such adjudication, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification; provided further , however , that, except as provided in Section 9.1(c) with respect to proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification, the Corporation shall indemnify any such indemnitee in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such indemnitee only if such proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such indemnitee was authorized by the Board. The right to indemnification conferred in this Article IX shall be a contract right and shall include the right to be paid by the Corporation the expenses incurred in defending any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition (hereinafter, an “advancement of expenses”); provided , however , that, if the DGCL requires, an advancement of expenses incurred by an indemnitee in his or her capacity as a director or officer (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such indemnitee, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking (hereinafter, an “ undertaking ”), by or on behalf of such indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (hereinafter, a “ final adjudication ”) that such indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this Section or otherwise.

(c) If a claim under Section 9.1(b) is not paid in full by the Corporation with 60 days after a written claim has been received by the Corporation, except in the case of a claim for an advancement of expenses, in which case the applicable period shall be 20 days, the indemnitee may at any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim. If successful in whole or in part in any such suit, or in a suit brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of any undertaking, the indemnitee shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting or defending such suit. In (i) any suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder (but not in a suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to an advancement of expenses) it shall be a defense that, and (ii) in any suit by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking the Corporation shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon a final adjudication that, the indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of

 

14


conduct set forth in the DGCL. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including the Board, independent legal counsel, or the stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such suit that indemnification of the indemnitee is proper in the circumstances because the indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the DGCL, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including the Board, independent legal counsel or the stockholders) that the indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall create a presumption that the indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct or, in the case of such a suit brought by the indemnitee, be a defense to such suit. In any suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification or to an advancement of expenses hereunder, or by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified, or to such advancement of expenses, under this Section or otherwise shall be on the Corporation.

(d) The rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses conferred in this Article IX shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, the Certificate of Incorporation, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.

 

9.2 Insurance.

The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or any person who is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employer or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the DGCL.

 

9.3 Indemnity Agreements.

The Corporation may enter into agreements with any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation providing for indemnification to the full extent permitted by the DGCL.

ARTICLE X

AMENDMENT

Any by-law (including these By-Laws) may be adopted, amended or repealed by the vote of the holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote or by the stockholders’ written consent pursuant to Section 2.10 , or by the vote of the Board or by the directors’ written consent pursuant to Section 3.6 .

*****

 

15

EXHIBIT 10.1

REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

This REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT, dated August 8, 2013 (this “ Agreemen t”), is entered into by and among Seamless GrubHub Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and each of persons listed on Annex A on the date of this Agreement (collectively, the “ Initial Holders ”, and as such Annex A is updated and amended pursuant to Section 12(b) hereof, the “ Holders ”)). Capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in Section 1 .

W I T N E S S E T H:

WHEREAS, the Initial Holders and the Company are parties to that certain Stockholders’ Agreement of the Company of even date herewith (as the same may hereafter be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, the “ Stockholders’ Agreement ”);

WHEREAS, the Company has agreed to provide registration rights with respect to the Registrable Securities as forth in this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and the mutual covenants and agreements hereinafter contained, the parties hereby agree as follows:

Section 1. Definitions .

(a) Certain Definitions . For purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings specified in this Section 1(a) :

Action ” shall mean any claim, suit, action, or proceeding, whether at law or at equity, before or by any Governmental Authority.

Agreement ” shall have the meaning given in the Preamble.

Affiliate ” shall mean, with respect to any Person, any other Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person, and the term “control” (including the terms “controlled by” and “under common control with”) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; provided , however , that for purposes of this Agreement, none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall be considered an Affiliate of any Holder.

Beneficial Ownership ” by a Person of any securities includes ownership by any Person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, (i) has or shares voting power which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of, such security; (ii) has or shares investment power which includes the power to dispose, or to direct the disposition, of such security; and shall otherwise be interpreted in accordance with the term “beneficial ownership” as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act and/or (iii) enters into any derivative transaction, or owns any derivative security, which gives such Person the substantial economic equivalent of ownership of an amount of such

 

1


securities due to the fact that the value of the derivative is determined by reference to the price or value of such securities, without regard to whether (A) such derivative conveys any voting rights in such securities to such Person, (B) the derivative is required to be, or capable of being, settled through delivery of such securities, or (C) such Person may have entered into other transactions that hedge the economic effect of such derivative; and in determining the number of securities deemed Beneficially Owned by operation of this clause (iii), the subject Person shall be deemed to Beneficially Own (without duplication) the number of securities that are synthetically owned pursuant to such derivative transactions or such derivative securities; provided that for purposes of determining Beneficial Ownership, a Person shall be deemed to be the Beneficial Owner of any securities which may be acquired by such Person pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding or upon the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, warrants or options or otherwise (irrespective of whether the right to acquire such securities is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time, including the passage of time in excess of sixty (60) days, the satisfaction of any conditions, the occurrence of any event or any combination of the foregoing). For purposes of this Agreement, a Person shall be deemed to Beneficially Own any securities Beneficially Owned by its controlled Affiliates (including as Affiliates for this purpose its officers and directors) or any Group of which such Person or any such Affiliate is or becomes a member. The terms “ Beneficially Own ” and “ Beneficially Owned ” shall have correlative meanings to “ Beneficial Ownership .”

Business Day ” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or day on which banks in New York, New York are generally authorized or obligated by applicable Law or executive order to close.

Chosen Courts ” shall have the meaning given in Section 12(a)(ii) .

Common Stock ” shall mean the common stock of the Company, $0.0001 par value.

Company Securities ” shall mean (i) the Common Stock and (ii) the Preferred Stock, including (without duplication) any shares of capital stock into which Company Securities may be converted (as a result of recapitalization, share exchange or similar event) or are issued with respect to Company Securities, including, without limitation, with respect to any stock split or stock dividend, or a successor security.

Demand Notice ” shall have the meaning given in Section 2(a)(i) .

Demand Registration ” shall have the meaning given in Section 2(a)(i) .

Exchange Act ” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and any successor statute thereto and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder.

FINRA ” shall mean the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority or any successor Governmental Authority.

Governmental Authority ” shall mean any government or governmental or regulatory body thereof, or political subdivision thereof, whether foreign, multi-national or other supra-national, national, federal, regional, state or local or any agency, instrumentality, authority, department, commission, board or bureau thereof, or any court or similar judicial body.

 

2


Group ” shall have the meaning given such term in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act.

GrubHub Qualified Holders ” shall mean, the Persons set forth on Schedule III hereto, or any successor thereof, and any Permitted Transferee of such Persons that owns Registrable Securities and delivers to the Company a duly executed Joinder Agreement in accordance with Section 12(e) , and “ GrubHub Qualified Holder ” means any of the GrubHub Qualified Holders.

Holder Counsel ” shall have the meaning given in Section 6(a) .

Holders ” shall have the meaning given in the Preamble.

Indemnified Party ” shall have the meaning given in Section 8(c) .

Indemnifying Party ” shall have the meaning given in Section 8(c) .

Initial Holders ” shall have the meaning given in the Preamble.

IPO ” shall mean the first underwritten public offering of any class of capital stock of the Company registered with the SEC for cash pursuant to an effective registration statement (other than on Form S-4, S-8 or their equivalent) under the Securities Act.

Law ” shall mean any law, statute, code, ordinance, rule or regulation of any Governmental Authority.

Losses ” shall have the meaning given in Section 8(a) .

Marketed Underwritten Offering ” shall have the meaning given in Section 6(n) .

Permitted Transferee ” shall have the meaning given in the Stockholders’ Agreement.

Person ” shall mean any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, Governmental Authority or other entity.

Piggyback Notice ” shall have the meaning given in Section 3(a) .

Piggyback Registration ” shall have the meaning given in Section 3(a) .

Preferred Stock ” shall mean the Series A Preferred Stock of the Company, $0.0001 par value, and any other class of preferred stock issued by the Company from time to time in accordance with the terms of the Stockholders’ Agreement.

 

3


Prospectus ” shall mean the prospectus included in any Registration Statement (including, without limitation, a prospectus that discloses information previously omitted from a prospectus filed as part of an effective Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A promulgated under the Securities Act), as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement, with respect to the terms of the offering of any portion of the Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement, and all other amendments and supplements to the Prospectus, including post-effective amendments, and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference in such prospectus.

Registrable Securities ” shall mean (i) all shares of Common Stock issued to the Holders and (ii) any securities issuable with respect to any of the securities identified in clause (i) by way of share split, share dividend, recapitalization, exchange, merger, consolidation or similar event or otherwise. As to any particular Registrable Securities, once issued such securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities when (i) they are distributed pursuant to an effective Registration Statement under the Securities Act, (ii) they are sold pursuant to Rule 144 (or any similar provision then in force under the Securities Act), (iii) they shall have ceased to be outstanding, (iv) they shall have been sold in a private transaction in which the transferor’s rights under this Agreement are not assigned to the transferee of the securities or (v) the holder of such Registrable Securities does not then beneficially own more than 1% of such class of securities (together with any Affiliate of such holder with whom such holder must aggregate sales under Rule 144) and they can be sold in any three (3) month period without registration in compliance with Rule 144. No Registrable Securities may be registered under more than one Registration Statement at any one time.

Registration Statement ” shall mean any registration statement of the Company under the Securities Act which covers any of the Registrable Securities pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, including the Prospectus, amendments and supplements to such registration statement, including post-effective amendments, all exhibits and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference in such registration statement.

Requisite Holders ” shall mean any of (x) one or more Holders of a majority (combined if more than one Holder) of the then outstanding Registrable Securities held by all of the SHC Qualified Holders, (y) one or more Holders of a majority (combined if more than one Holder) of the then outstanding Registrable Securities held by all of the Spectrum Qualified Holders or (z) one or more Holders of a majority (combined if more than one Holder) of the then outstanding Registrable Securities held by all of the GrubHub Qualified Holders, as the case may be.

Rule 144 ” shall mean Rule 144 (or any successor provisions) under the Securities Act.

SEC ” shall mean the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission or any successor Governmental Authority.

Securities Act ” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and any successor statute thereto and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder.

 

4


SHC Qualified Holders ” shall mean, the Persons set forth on Schedule I hereto, or any successor thereof, and any Permitted Transferee of such Persons that owns Registrable Securities and delivers to the Company a duly executed Joinder Agreement in accordance with Section 12(e) , and “ SHC Qualified Holder ” means any of the SHC Qualified Holders.

Shelf Registration Statement ” shall have the meaning given in Section 2(a)(ii) .

Shelf Underwritten Offering ” shall have the meaning given in Section 4 .

Spectrum Qualified Holders ” shall mean the Persons set forth on Schedule II hereto, or any successor thereof, and any Permitted Transferee of such Persons that owns Registrable Securities and delivers to the Company a duly executed Joinder Agreement in accordance with Section 12(e) , and “ Spectrum Qualified Holder ” means any of the Spectrum Qualified Holders.

Subsidiary ” shall mean, with respect to any Person, any entity of which (i) a majority of the total voting power of shares of stock or equivalent ownership interests entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers, trustees or other members of the applicable governing body thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by that Person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof, or (ii) if no such governing body exists at such entity, a majority of the total voting power of shares of stock or equivalent ownership interests of the entity is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by that Person or one or more Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof. For purposes hereof, a Person or Persons shall be deemed to have a majority ownership interest in a limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity if such Person or Persons shall be allocated a majority of limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity gains or losses or shall be or control the managing member or general partner of such limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity.

Take-Down Notice ” shall have the meaning given in Section 4 .

Underwritten Registration ” or “ Underwritten Offering ” shall mean a registration in which Company Securities are sold to an underwriter or underwriters for reoffering to the public.

Section 2. Demand Registrations .

(a) Requests for Registration .

(i) Subject to this Section 2 , following any IPO, the Requisite Holders shall have the right, by delivering a written notice to the Company, to require the Company to register, pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, under and in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act, the number of Registrable Securities requested to be so registered pursuant to the terms of this Agreement (any such written notice, a “ Demand Notice ” and any such registration, a “ Demand Registration ”). Following receipt of a Demand Notice for a Demand Registration in accordance with this Section 2(a) , the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to file a Registration Statement (such

 

5


Registration Statement may be a long form Registration Statement) as promptly as practicable and shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause such Registration Statement to be declared effective under the Securities Act as promptly as practicable after the filing thereof.

(ii) All requests made by Requisite Holders pursuant to this Section 2 shall specify the aggregate number of Registrable Securities to be registered, which aggregate number shall represent at least $25,000,000 of the Registrable Securities held by all of the Holders immediately prior to the Demand Registration, the number of Registrable Securities to be included by each participating Holder (including the identity of each participating Holder) and the intended method of disposition thereof (including whether the intended method of disposition is pursuant to an Underwritten Offering and/or by a shelf registration statement filed on Form S-3 (or other available form selected by the Company that permits forward incorporation of reports filed pursuant to the Exchange Act), if the Company is eligible to use such a form, for an offering to be made on a continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act (a “ Shelf Registration Statement ”), subject to Section 2(a)(iv) ).

(iii) The Company shall be required to use its reasonable best efforts to maintain the effectiveness of the Registration Statement with respect to any Demand Registration for a period of at least 180 days after the effective date thereof or such shorter period during which all Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement have actually been sold; provided , however , that subject to the express limitations of Section 2(a)(iv) below, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to file and keep any Shelf Registration Statement (filed pursuant to a Demand Registration) continuously effective for a period of up to 180 days or until such shorter time as each of the Registrable Securities registered pursuant to such Shelf Registration Statement has been sold.

(iv) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, in no event shall the Company be obligated to prepare and file (x) any Registration Statement unless the selling Holders expect in good faith to sell Registrable Securities in connection therewith for an aggregate gross sales price of at least $25,000,000 and (y) any Shelf Registration Statement unless the selling Holders expect in good faith to sell Registrable Securities in connection therewith for an aggregate gross sales price of at least $25,000,000 within 180 days after the effective date of such Shelf Registration Statement; and provided , that if the aggregate gross sales price of such Registrable Securities actually sold within 180 days after the effective date of such Shelf Registration Statement is less than $25,000,000, the Company shall be under no continuing ongoing obligation to maintain the effectiveness of such Shelf Registration Statement pursuant to this Agreement.

(b) Priority on Demand Registration . If any of the Registrable Securities registered pursuant to a Demand Registration are to be sold in a firm commitment Underwritten Offering, and the managing underwriter(s) advise the selling Holders that, in its view, the total number or dollar amount of Registrable Securities and other Company Securities proposed to be sold in such Underwritten Offering is such as to adversely affect the success of such

 

6


Underwritten Offering (including, without limitation, Company Securities proposed to be included by other holders of Company Securities entitled to include securities in such Registration Statement pursuant to incidental or piggyback registration rights), then there shall be included in such firm commitment Underwritten Offering the number or dollar amount of Registrable Securities and other Company Securities that in the opinion of such managing underwriter(s) can be sold without adversely affecting such Underwritten Offering, and such number of Registrable Securities and other Company Securities shall be allocated as follows:

(i) first, pro rata among the selling Holders (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall include any SHC Qualified Holders, any Spectrum Qualified Holders and any GrubHub Qualified Holders who have requested to include Registrable Securities in such Registration Statement pursuant to Section 3 herein) on the basis of the relative number of Registrable Securities (on an as-converted basis) so requested to be included in such Registration Statement by each Holder;

(ii) second, pro rata among the other holders of Company Securities entitled and electing to include securities in such Registration Statement pursuant to registration rights that entitle such holders to participate on the same basis as such selling Holders, on the basis of the percentage of Company Securities (on an as-converted basis) requested to be included in such Registration Statement by all such holders in this clause (ii); and

(iii) third, any other Company Securities proposed to be registered for the account of any other Persons (including the Company), with such priorities among them as such Persons shall determine.

No securities excluded from the underwriting by reason of the underwriter’s marketing limitation shall be included in such registration.

(c) Postponement of Demand Registration . The Company shall be entitled to postpone for a period not to exceed 60 days after receipt of any Demand Notice the filing of a Registration Statement pursuant to a Demand Registration if the Company determines in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors, that such registration and offering would (x) have a material adverse effect on any proposal or plan by the Registrant to engage in any acquisition of assets (other than in the ordinary course of business) or any merger, consolidation, tender offer, reorganization, financing or similar transaction or (y) require disclosure of information that has not been disclosed to the public, the premature disclosure of which would be materially harmful to the Company; provided , that the Company shall not be permitted to exercise such postponement right more than once in any 12-month period. If the Company shall so postpone the filing of a Registration Statement, the Requisite Holders shall have the right to withdraw the request for registration by giving written notice to the Company (and to any other selling Holders participating in such proposed offering) at any time prior to the anticipated termination date of the postponement period, as provided in any notice delivered by the Company to the Requisite Holders who had initiated the Demand Registration.

(d) Limitations on Registration Requests . Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company shall not be required to:

 

7


(i) effect more than two (2) Demand Registrations on behalf of the Spectrum Qualified Holders;

(ii) effect more than six (6) Demand Registrations on behalf of the SHC Qualified Holders;

(iii) effect more than six (6) Demand Registrations on behalf of the GrubHub Qualified Holders; or

(iv) file a Registration Statement pursuant to a Demand Registration within a period of 90 days after the effective date of any other registration statement.

Notwithstanding Section 2(d)(i) , any request by the Requisite Holders to file a Shelf Registration Statement shall not be deemed to be a Demand Registration for purposes of this Section 2(d) ; provided , however , that the Company shall not be obligated to file and cause to become effective more than one Shelf Registration Statement in any 12-month period. No Demand Registration shall be deemed to have occurred for purposes of this Section 2(d) if: (i) the Registration Statement relating thereto does not become effective, (ii) the Registration Statement relating thereto is not maintained effective for the period required pursuant to this Section 2 (subject to the limitations of Section 2(a)(iv) for shelf registrations), (iii) the Registration Statement relating thereto the offering of the Registrable Securities pursuant to such Registration Statement is subject to a stop order, injunction, or similar order or requirement of the SEC during such period, (iv) the conditions to closing specified in the purchase agreement or underwriting agreement entered into in connection with such registration are not satisfied other than by reason of some act or omission by any Holder, or (v) less than 90% of the Registrable Securities requested to be included in such Registration Statement are included.

(e) Revocation of Demand Notice . At any time before the effective date of the Registration Statement relating to a registration of Registrable Securities, the Requisite Holders who provided the Demand Notice with respect to such Demand Registration, on behalf of all of the selling Holders, may revoke such request without liability to such selling Holders, by providing written notice to the Company revoking such request. If such Requisite Holders revoke such request, such request shall be considered to be a Demand Registration in accordance with Section 2(d) unless (i) such revocation was made in accordance with Section 2(c) ; (ii) such revocation was made as a result of material information delivered in writing concerning the business or financial condition of the Company that is made known to the Holders after the date on which such registration was requested; or (iii) the Requisite Holders that initiated the applicable Demand Registration reimburse the Company for all out-of-pocket expenses of the Company related to such revoked request.

Section 3. Piggyback Registration .

(a) Right to Piggyback .

(i) If the Company proposes to file a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to an offering of Company Securities whether or not for sale for its own account (other than a registration statement (i) on Form S-4, Form S-8 or any successor forms thereto, (ii) filed in connection with an exchange offer or any employee

 

8


benefit or dividend reinvestment plan, or (iii) otherwise in connection with a direct or indirect acquisition or consolidation involving the Company), then, each such time, the Company shall give prompt written notice of such proposed filing at least twenty (20) days before the anticipated filing date (the “ Piggyback Notice ”) to the Holders. The Piggyback Notice shall offer the Holders the opportunity to include (or cause to be included) in such registration statement Registrable Securities (a “ Piggyback Registration ”). The Company shall, subject to the provisions of Section 3(b) hereof, include in each such Piggyback Registration all Registrable Securities with respect to which the Company received a written request from the Holders for inclusion therein within fifteen (15) days after such Piggyback Notice is deemed given to the Holders as provided in Section 12(c) .

(ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, if such Piggyback Registration involves an Underwritten Offering, each Holder participating in such Piggyback Registration must sell its Registrable Securities to the selected underwriters on the same terms and conditions (including any lock-up obligations; provided , however , that no such Holder shall be required to make representations and warranties, or provide any indemnity, in connection with any such registration other than representations and warranties (or indemnities with respect thereto) as to (i) such Holder’s ownership of his, hers or its Registrable Securities to be transferred free and clear of all liens, claims and encumbrances, (ii) such Holder’s power and authority to effect such transfer and (iii) matters pertaining to compliance with securities laws by such Holder as may be reasonably requested) applicable to the Company or any other holders of Company Securities on whose behalf the Piggyback Registration was initiated. If at any time after giving a Piggyback Notice pursuant to this Section 3(a) and before the effective date of the applicable registration statement, the Company shall determine for any reason not to register the Company Securities it had proposed to register, the Company shall give notice to all Holders requesting Piggyback Registration and the Company shall be relieved of its obligations to register any Company Securities to be registered pursuant to this Section 3(a) .

(b) Priority on Piggyback Registrations . The Company shall use reasonable best efforts to cause the managing underwriter(s) of a proposed Underwritten Offering to permit the participating Holders governed by a Piggyback Notice submitted in connection with such Underwritten Offering pursuant to Section 3(a) to include in such Underwritten Offering all Registrable Securities included in such Piggyback Notice on the same terms and conditions as any other shares of Company Securities included in such Underwritten Offering.

(c) If the managing underwriter(s) of a proposed Underwritten Offering in connection with which a Piggyback Notice was submitted by the Holders have informed the Company that, in its (their) view, the total number or dollar amount of Company Securities that such Holders, the Company and any other Persons having rights to participate in such registration proposed to be sold in such Underwritten Offering is such as to adversely affect the success of such Underwritten Offering, then the amount of Company Securities to be offered in such registration by the participating Holders shall be reduced to the extent necessary to reduce the total amount of Company Securities to be included in such Underwritten Offering to the

 

9


amount recommended by such managing underwriter(s) and such number of Registrable Securities and other Company Securities shall be allocated as follows:

(i) Priority on Company Registrations . If a Piggyback Registration is not a Demand Registration by the Requisite Holders and is a Company registration: (1) if such registration is the Company’s IPO, (A) first, the securities the Company proposes to sell, (B) second, pro rata among the selling Holders participating in such Piggyback Registration pursuant to Section 3(a) (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall include any SHC Qualified Holders, any Spectrum Qualified Holders and any GrubHub Qualified Holders who have requested to include Registrable Securities in such Registration Statement pursuant to this Section 3 ) and other holders of Company Securities entitled and electing to include securities in such Registration Statement pursuant to registration rights that entitle such holders to participate on the same basis as such selling Holders, on the basis of the percentage of Company Securities (on an as-converted basis) requested to be included in such Registration Statement by all such holders in this clause (B), and (C) third, other securities requested to be included in such registration (for the avoidance of doubt, if such registration is the Company’s IPO and the managing underwriter(s) of the IPO inform the Company that sales of Company Securities by the participating Holders would, in its (their) view, adversely affect the success of such underwritten offering, then the participating Holders can be cut back so that no shares are sold by any participating Holder in the IPO); and (2) in any other case, (A) first, the securities the Company proposes to sell, (B) second, pro rata among the selling Holders participating in such Piggyback Registration pursuant to Section 3(a) (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall include any SHC Qualified Holders, any Spectrum Qualified Holders and any GrubHub Qualified Holders who have requested to include Registrable Securities in such Registration Statement pursuant to this Section 3 ), on the basis of the relative number of Registrable Securities (on an as-converted basis) so requested to be included in such Piggyback Registration by each Holder, (C) third, other holders of Company Securities entitled and electing to include securities in such Registration Statement pursuant to registration rights that entitle such holders to participate on the same basis as such selling Holders, on the basis of the percentage of Company Securities (on an as-converted basis) requested to be included in such Registration Statement by all such holders in this clause (C), and (D) fourth, other securities requested to be included in such registration.

(ii) Priority on Demand Registrations of Other Persons . If a Piggyback Registration is not a Demand Registration by the Requisite Holders and is a demand registration of a Person other than the Company: (A) first, pro rata among the Person(s) (excluding the Company) proposing to sell pursuant to registration rights providing such a right to demand registration pursuant to the terms of such registration rights, and the selling Holders participating in such Piggyback Registration pursuant to Section 3(a) (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall include any SHC Qualified Holders, any Spectrum Qualified Holders and any GrubHub Qualified Holders who have requested to include Registrable Securities in such Registration Statement pursuant to this Section 3 ), on the basis of the relative number of Company Securities (on an as-converted basis) entitled and electing to include securities in such Registration Statement, and (B) second, other holders of Company Securities entitled and electing to include securities in such Registration Statement pursuant to registration rights that entitle such holders to

 

10


participate on the same basis as such selling Holders, on the basis of the percentage of Company Securities (on an as-converted basis) requested to be included in such Registration Statement by all such holders in this clause (B) and (C) second, other securities requested to be included in such registration.

Section 4. Shelf Take-Downs . At any time that a Shelf Registration Statement covering Registrable Securities pursuant to a Demand Registration is effective (for the avoidance of doubt, subject to the limitations of Section 2(a)(iv) ), if the Requisite Holders (on behalf of the Holders) deliver a written notice to the Company (a “ Take-Down Notice ”) stating that such Holders intend to effect an Underwritten Offering of all or part of their Registrable Securities included on the Shelf Registration Statement (a “ Shelf Underwritten Offering ”) and stating the number of Registrable Securities to be included in the Shelf Underwritten Offering, then the Company shall amend or supplement the Shelf Registration Statement as may be necessary in order to enable such Registrable Securities to be distributed pursuant to the Shelf Underwritten Offering (taking into account the inclusion of Company Securities by any other holders pursuant to this Section 4 ). In connection with any Shelf Underwritten Offering:

(a) the Company shall deliver a copy of the Take-Down Notice to all other Persons holding Company Securities included on such Shelf Registration Statement and permit each such Person to include such Company Securities included on the Shelf Registration Statement in the Shelf Underwritten Offering if such Person notifies the Company within ten (10) Business Days after delivery of the Take-Down Notice to such Person; and

(b) in the event that the managing underwriter(s) determines that marketing factors (including an adverse effect on the per share offering price) require a limitation on the number of shares which would otherwise be included in such take-down, such managing underwriter(s) may limit the number of shares which would otherwise be included in such take-down offering in the same manner as described in Section 2(b) with respect to a limitation of shares to be included in a registration.

Section 5. Restrictions on Public Sale of Registrable Securities . Each Holder agrees, in connection with any Underwritten Offering of Common Stock pursuant to a Registration Statement (whether or not such Holder elected to include Registrable Securities in such Registration Statement), if requested (pursuant to a written notice) by the managing underwriter(s) in an Underwritten Offering, not to effect any public sale or distribution of any Registrable Securities (except as part of such Underwritten Offering), including a sale pursuant to Rule 144, or to make any short sale of, loan, grant any option for the purchase of, or otherwise dispose or transfer Beneficial Ownership of any Registrable Securities, any other equity securities of the Company or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any equity securities of the Company, without the prior written consent of such managing underwriter(s), as the case may be, or to give any Demand Notice, in each case, during the period commencing on the date of the request (which shall be no earlier than ten (10) days prior to the expected “pricing” of such Underwritten Offering) and continuing for not more than ninety (90) days (or 180 days in the case of the IPO Registration Statement) after the date of the Prospectus (or Prospectus supplement if the offering is made pursuant to a “shelf” registration), or such shorter time as shall be required by the managing underwriter(s), pursuant to which such public offering shall be made, plus an extension period, which shall be no longer than twenty (20) days,

 

11


as may be proposed by the managing underwriter(s), or such lesser period as is required by the managing underwriter(s); provided, that all holders of Common Stock (including shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of convertible securities, or upon the exercise of options, warrants or other rights) holding not less than 1% of the then-outstanding Common Stock and all executive officers and directors of the Company (together with the Holders, the “ Lockup Parties ”) enter into similar agreements; and provided, further, that if the managing underwriter(s) consent to the disposition of all or a portion of the Registrable Securities held by any Lockup Party prior to the expiration of such “lock-up period” by its terms, then all other Lockup Parties will automatically be released from such restrictions as to the same percentage of each such Lockup Party’s Registrable Securities. The Company (except as part of the Underwritten Offering or pursuant to registrations on Form S-8 or Form S-4 or any successor form, a registration covering only an employee benefit plan (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act) or a registration covering only securities proposed to be issued in exchange for securities or assets of another corporation) agrees, in connection with any Underwritten Offering of Common Stock pursuant to a Registration Statement, if requested (pursuant to a written notice) by the managing underwriter(s) in an Underwritten Offering, not to effect any public sale or distribution of any Registrable Securities (except as part of such Underwritten Offering), including a sale pursuant to Rule 144, or to make any short sale of, loan, grant any option for the purchase of, or otherwise dispose or transfer Beneficial Ownership of any Registrable Securities, any other equity securities of the Company or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any equity securities of the Company, without the prior written consent of such managing underwriter(s), as the case may be, during the period commencing on the date of the request (which shall be no earlier than ten (10) days prior to the expected “pricing” of such Underwritten Offering) and continuing for not more than 180 days after the date of the Prospectus (or Prospectus supplement if the offering is made pursuant to a “shelf” registration), or such shorter time as shall be required by the managing underwriter(s), pursuant to which such public offering shall be made, plus an extension period, which shall be no longer than twenty (20) days, as may be proposed by the managing underwriter(s), or such lesser period as is required by the managing underwriter(s).

Section 6. Registration Procedures . Subject to Section 2(a)(iv) and Section 2(c) , if and whenever the Company is required to use its reasonable best efforts to effect the registration of any Registrable Securities under the Securities Act as provided in Section 2 and Section 3 hereof, the Company shall effect such registration to permit the sale of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method or methods of disposition thereof, and pursuant thereto the Company shall cooperate in the sale of the Registrable Securities and shall, as expeditiously as possible:

(a) prepare and file with the SEC a Registration Statement or Registration Statements on such form or forms as the Company may select and as are available for the sale of the Registrable Securities by the applicable Holders thereof in accordance with such Holders’ intended method of distribution thereof (including by means of a Shelf Registration Statement), subject to Section 2(a)(iv) ), and use its reasonable best efforts to cause such Registration Statement to become effective and to remain effective as provided herein; provided , however , that before filing a Registration Statement or Prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto (including documents that would be incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference), the Company shall furnish or otherwise make available to the Holders of the

 

12


Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement, a single counsel selected by such participating Holders (the “ Holder Counsel ”) and the managing underwriter(s), if any, copies of all such documents proposed to be filed, including any comment letter from the SEC;

(b) prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and post-effective amendments to each Registration Statement as may be necessary to keep such Registration Statement continuously effective during the period provided herein and comply in all material respects with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the disposition of all securities covered by such Registration Statement; and cause the related Prospectus to be supplemented by any Prospectus supplement as may be necessary to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the disposition of the securities covered by such Registration Statement, and as so supplemented to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 (or any similar provisions then in force) under the Securities Act;

(c) notify the Holder Counsel and the managing underwriter(s), if any, promptly, (i) when a Prospectus or any Prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment has been filed, and, with respect to a Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment, when the same has become effective, (ii) of any request by the SEC or any other federal or state Governmental Authority for amendments or supplements to a Registration Statement or related Prospectus or for additional information, (iii) of the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of a Registration Statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose, (iv) of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction, or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose, and (v) of the happening of any event as a result of which the prospectus included in such Registration Statement contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits any fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in light of the circumstances then existing, and, at the request of any Holder, the Company will prepare a supplement or amendment to such prospectus so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of such Registrable Securities, such prospectus will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading;

(d) use its reasonable best efforts to obtain the withdrawal of any order suspending the effectiveness of a Registration Statement, or the lifting of any suspension of the qualification (or exemption from qualification) of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction at the earliest date reasonably practical;

(e) if requested by the managing underwriter(s), if any, or the Holders of the Registrable Securities being sold in connection with the applicable Underwritten Offering, promptly include in a Prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment such information as the managing underwriter(s), if any, and such Holders may reasonably request in order to permit the intended method of distribution of such securities and make all required filings of such Prospectus supplement or such post-effective amendment as soon as reasonably practicable after the Company has received such request; provided , however , that the Company shall not be required to take any actions under this Section 6(e) that are not, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, in compliance with applicable Law;

 

13


(f) furnish or make available to the Holder Counsel and each managing underwriter, if any, without charge, a conformed copy of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and Prospectus supplements, if applicable, and each post-effective amendment thereto, including financial statements (but excluding schedules, all documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference, and all exhibits, unless requested in writing by the such selling Holders, the Holder Counsel or the managing underwriter(s));

(g) deliver to the selling Holders, the Holder Counsel, and the managing underwriter(s), if any, without charge, as many copies of the Prospectus or Prospectuses (including each form of Prospectus) and each amendment or supplement thereto as such Persons may reasonably request from time to time in connection with the distribution of the Registrable Securities; and the Company, subject to the last paragraph of this Section 6 , hereby consents to the use of such Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto by each of the selling Holders and the managing underwriter(s), if any, in connection with the offering and sale of the Registrable Securities covered by such Prospectus and any such amendment or supplement thereto;

(h) prior to any public offering, use its reasonable best efforts to register or qualify or cooperate with the Holder Counsel and the managing underwriter(s), if any, and their respective counsel in connection with the registration or qualification (or exemption from such registration or qualification) of such Registrable Securities for offer and sale under the securities or “Blue Sky” laws of such jurisdictions within the United States as the Holder Counsel or the managing underwriter(s) reasonably requests in writing and to keep each such registration or qualification (or exemption therefrom) effective during the period such Registration Statement is required to be kept effective and to take any other action that may be necessary or advisable to enable such Holders to consummate the disposition of such Registrable Securities in such jurisdiction; provided , however , that the Company will not be required to (i) qualify generally to do business in any jurisdiction where it or any of its Subsidiaries are not then so qualified or (ii) take any action that would subject it or any of its Subsidiaries to general service of process in any such jurisdiction where it is not then so subject;

(i) cooperate with the selling Holders and the managing underwriter(s), if any, to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of certificates representing Registrable Securities to be sold after receiving written representations from each selling Holder that the Registrable Securities represented by the certificates so delivered by such Holder will be transferred in accordance with the Registration Statement, and enable such Registrable Securities to be in such denominations and registered in such names as the managing underwriter(s), if any, or such Holders may request at least two (2) Business Days prior to any sale of Registrable Securities in a firm commitment Underwritten Offering, but in any other such sale, within ten (10) Business Days prior to having to issue the securities;

(j) provide and cause to be maintained a transfer agent and registrar for all Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement from and after a date not later than the effective date of such Registration Statement;

(k) use its reasonable best efforts to cause all Registrable Securities to be offered in connection with any Underwritten Offering to be listed on a nationally recognized

 

14


securities exchange (which, if shares of that particular class of Registrable Securities are at that time listed on an exchange, shall be that such exchange) prior to the effectiveness of the relevant Registration Statement;

(l) with respect to any sale of Registrable Securities pursuant to a firm commitment Underwritten Offering, enter into an underwriting agreement in form, scope and substance as is customary in Underwritten Offerings, and in such connection, (i) make such representations and warranties to the selling Holders and the underwriters, if any, with respect to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, and the Registration Statement, Prospectus and documents, if any, incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein, in each case, in form, substance and scope as are customarily made by issuers to underwriters in Underwritten Offerings, (ii) use its reasonable best efforts to furnish to the selling Holders opinions of counsel to the Company and updates thereof (which counsel and opinions (in form, scope and substance) shall be reasonably satisfactory to the managing underwriter(s), if any, and the Holder Counsel), addressed to each of the underwriters, if any, covering the matters customarily covered in opinions requested in Underwritten Offerings and such other matters as may be reasonably requested by the Holder Counsel and such underwriters, (iii) use its reasonable best efforts to obtain “cold comfort” letters and updates thereof from the independent certified public accountants of the Company (and, if necessary, any other independent certified public accountants of any Subsidiary of the Company or of any business acquired by the Company for which financial statements and financial data are, or are required to be, included in the Registration Statement) who have certified the financial statements included in such Registration Statement, addressed to the Company and each of the underwriters, if any, such letters to be in customary form and covering matters of the type customarily covered in “cold comfort” letters in connection with Underwritten Offerings, (iv) deliver such documents and certificates as may be reasonably requested by the Holders, the Holder Counsel and the managing underwriter(s), if any, to evidence the continued validity of the representations and warranties made pursuant to Section 6(l)(i) above and to evidence compliance with any customary conditions contained in the underwriting agreement entered into by the Company and (v) take all such other actions as are customary in connection with Underwritten Offerings in order to facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Securities;

(m) make available for inspection by the Holders, the Holder Counsel, any underwriter participating in any such disposition of Registrable Securities, if any, and any attorneys or accountants retained by such underwriter, at the offices where normally kept, during reasonable business hours, pertinent financial and other records and pertinent corporate documents of the Company and its Subsidiaries, and cause the officers, directors and employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries to supply all information in each case reasonably requested by any such representative, underwriter, attorney or accountant in connection with such Registration Statement as shall be necessary to enable them to exercise their due diligence responsibility; provided , however , that any information that is not generally publicly available at the time of delivery of such information shall be kept confidential by such Persons unless (i) disclosure of such information is required by court or administrative order, (ii) disclosure of such information is required by Law or (iii) such information becomes generally available to the public other than as a result of a disclosure or failure to safeguard by any such Person. In the case of a proposed disclosure pursuant to (i) or (ii) above, such Persons shall be required to give the Company written notice of the proposed disclosure prior to such disclosure and, if requested

 

15


by the Company, assist the Company in seeking to prevent or limit the proposed disclosure. Without limiting the foregoing, no such information shall be used by such Person as the basis for any market transactions in securities of the Company or its Subsidiaries in violation of Law;

(n) in connection with each such registration for an Underwritten Offering, if requested by the Requisite Holders participating in such registration and the applicable managing underwriter(s), cause its officers to use their reasonable best efforts to support the marketing of the Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement, including participation in one reasonable “road show” in the United States (an offering contemplated by this Section 6(n) , a “ Marketed Underwritten Offering ”) in connection with each such registration for an Underwritten Offering; and

(o) cooperate with each seller of Registrable Securities and each underwriter or agent participating in the disposition of such Registrable Securities and their respective counsel in connection with any filings required to be made with the FINRA.

The Company may require each Holder of Registrable Securities as to which any registration is being effected to furnish to the Company in writing such information required in connection with such registration regarding such seller and the distribution of such Registrable Securities as the Company may, from time to time, reasonably request.

Each Holder agrees if such Holder has Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the happening of any event of the kind described in Sections 6(c)(ii) , 6(c)(iii) or 6(c)(iv ) hereof, such Holder will forthwith discontinue disposition of such Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement or Prospectus until such Holder’s receipt of the copies of the supplemented or amended Prospectus from the Company or until it is advised in writing by the Company that the use of the applicable Prospectus may be resumed, and has received copies of any additional or supplemental filings that are incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in such Prospectus; provided , however , that the time periods under Section 2 with respect to the length of time that the effectiveness of a Registration Statement must be maintained shall automatically be extended by the amount of time the Holder is required to discontinue disposition of such securities, subject in each case to the limitations of Section 2(a)(iv) .

Section 7. Registration Expenses . All reasonable fees and expenses incident to the performance of or compliance with this Agreement by the Company, including, without limitation, (i) all registration and filing fees (including, without limitation, fees and expenses (A) with respect to filings required to be made with the SEC and with the FINRA and (B) of compliance with securities or “Blue Sky” laws, (ii) printing expenses (including, without limitation, expenses of printing certificates for Registrable Securities and of printing Prospectuses if the printing of Prospectuses is requested by the managing underwriter(s), if any, or by the selling Holders), (iii) messenger, telephone and delivery expenses of the Company, (iv) fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, and (v) fees and disbursements of all independent certified public accountants referred to in Section 6(l)(iii) hereof (including, without limitation, the expenses of any “cold comfort” letters required by this Agreement) and any other Persons, including special experts, retained by the Company shall be paid by the Company; provided , however , that the foregoing shall be subject to clause (ii) of the last sentence of Section 2(e) hereof, to the extent applicable.

 

16


Subject to clause (ii) of the last sentence of Section 2(e) hereof, the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and disbursements of one (1) Holder Counsel with respect to any Demand Registration (excluding any demand requesting a Shelf Registration Statement) to the extent applicable, but shall not be required to pay (i) fees and disbursements of any other counsel retained by any Holder or by any underwriter, or (ii) any underwriter’s fees (including discounts, commissions or fees of underwriters, selling brokers, dealer managers or similar securities industry professionals) relating to the distribution of the Registrable Securities (other than as otherwise set forth in this Section 7 ). For the avoidance of doubt, each Holder shall bear all agent fees and commissions associated with the sale of Registrable Securities by such Holder.

Section 8. Indemnification .

(a) Indemnification by the Company . In the event of any registration of any Registrable Securities under the Securities Act, the Company shall indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by Law, each Holder whose Registrable Securities are covered by a Registration Statement or Prospectus, and each Person who controls each such Holder (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act), from and against any and all losses, liabilities, claims, obligations, deficiencies, demands, judgments, damages, interest, fines, penalties, claims, suits, actions, causes of action, assessments, awards, costs and expenses (including reasonable costs of investigation and defense and attorneys’ and other professionals’ fees), whether or not involving a third party claim (individually, a “ Loss ” and, collectively, “ Losses ”), as incurred, arising out of or based upon (i) any untrue statement (or alleged untrue statement) of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement under which such Registrable Securities were registered under the Securities Act, any preliminary, final or summary Prospectus, contained therein or related thereto, or any amendment or supplement thereto, together with the documents incorporated by reference therein, or any free writing prospectus utilized in connection therewith, incident to any such registration, qualification, or compliance, or (ii) any omission (or alleged omission) to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; provided that the Company will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such Losses are caused by or contained in (A) any information furnished in writing to the Company or any managing underwriter(s) by such Holder expressly for use in such Registration Statement or (B) an untrue statement (or alleged untrue statement) or omission (or alleged omission) in a preliminary Prospectus relating to Registrable Securities, if a Prospectus (as then amended or supplemented) that would have cured the defect was furnished to the indemnified party from whom the Person asserting the claim giving rise to such Loss purchased Registrable Securities at least two (2) days prior to the written confirmation of the sale of the Registrable Securities to such Person and a copy of such Prospectus (as amended and supplemented) was not sent or given by or on behalf of such indemnified party to such Person at or prior to the confirmation of the sale of the Registrable Securities to such Person; provided , however , that the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 8(a) shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any such Losses if such settlement is effected without the consent of the Company (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed).

 

17


(b) Indemnification by Holder of Registrable Securities . In the event of any registration of any Registrable Securities under the Securities Act, each Holder whose Registrable Securities are included in such Registration Statement or Prospectus shall indemnify (such obligation to indemnify will be several, not joint and several, among such Holders) and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by Law, the Company, its directors, its officers who sign the Registration Statement, and each Person who controls the Company (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act) from and against all Losses arising out of or based on (i) any untrue statement (or alleged untrue statement) of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement under which such Registrable Securities were registered under the Securities Act, any preliminary, final or summary Prospectus, contained therein or related thereto, or any amendment or supplement thereto, together with the documents incorporated by reference therein, or any free writing prospectus utilized in connection therewith, incident to any such registration, qualification, or compliance or (ii) any omission (or alleged omission) to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case only to the extent that such untrue statement (or alleged untrue statement) or omission (or alleged omission) is made in such Registration Statement, preliminary, final or summary Prospectus, contained therein or related thereto, or any amendment or supplement thereto, together with the documents incorporated by reference therein, or any free writing prospectus utilized in connection therewith; provided , however , that Holders shall not be required to indemnify the Company or any other parties for Losses pursuant to (i) and (ii) above unless such Losses were caused by information furnished by the Holders in writing to the Company or the managing underwriter(s) expressly for inclusion therein; provided , however , that the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 8(b) shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any such Losses if such settlement is effected without the consent of such Holder (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed); and provided , further , that in the absence of fraud by such Holder, the liability of such Holder shall be limited to the proceeds received by such selling Holder from the sale of Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement.

(c) Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings . If any Person shall be entitled to indemnity hereunder (an “ Indemnified Party ”), such Indemnified Party shall give prompt notice to the party from which such indemnity is sought (the “ Indemnifying Party ”) of any claim or of the commencement of any action, suit or proceeding with respect to which such Indemnified Party seeks indemnification or contribution pursuant hereto; provided , however , that the delay or failure to so notify the Indemnifying Party shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party from any obligation or liability except to the extent that the Indemnifying Party has been materially prejudiced by such delay or failure. The Indemnifying Party shall have the right, exercisable by giving written notice to an Indemnified Party promptly after the receipt of written notice from such Indemnified Party of such claim or action, suit or proceeding, to, unless in the Indemnified Party’s reasonable judgment, based on the advice of counsel, a conflict of interest between such Indemnified and Indemnifying Parties may exist in respect of such claim, assume, at the Indemnifying Party’s expense, the defense of any such claim or action, suit or proceeding, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Party; provided , however , that an Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such claim or action, suit or proceeding and to participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Party unless: (i) the Indemnifying Party agrees to pay such fees and expenses; or (ii) the Indemnifying Party fails promptly to assume, or

 

18


in the event of a conflict of interest cannot assume, the defense of such claim or action, suit or proceeding or fails to employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Party, in which case the Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel and to assume the defense of such claim or action, suit or proceeding at the Indemnifying Party’s expense; provided , further , however , that the Indemnifying Party shall not, in connection with any one (1) such claim or action, suit or proceeding or separate but substantially similar or related claims or actions, suits or proceedings in the same jurisdiction, arising out of the same general allegations or circumstances, be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one (1) firm of attorneys (together with appropriate local counsel) at any time for all of the Indemnified Parties, or for fees and expenses that are not reasonable. Whether or not such defense is assumed by the Indemnifying Party, such Indemnifying Party will not be subject to any liability for any settlement made without its consent (but such consent will not be unreasonably withheld or delayed). The Indemnifying Party shall not consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement that does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such Indemnified Party of a release, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Party, from all liability in respect of such claim or litigation for which such Indemnified Party would be entitled to indemnification hereunder.

(d) Contribution . If the indemnification provided for in this Section 8 is unavailable to an Indemnified Party in respect of any Losses (other than in accordance with its terms), then each applicable Indemnifying Party, in lieu of indemnifying such Indemnified Party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Party as a result of such Losses, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the Indemnifying Party, on the one hand, and such Indemnified Party, on the other hand, in connection with the actions, statements or omissions that resulted in such Losses as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of such Indemnifying Party, on the one hand, and Indemnified Party, on the other hand, shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any action in question, including any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact, has been made (or omitted) by, or relates to information supplied by, such Indemnifying Party or Indemnified Party, and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent any such action, statement or omission. The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 8(d) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this Section 8(d) . No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any Person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

(e) Non-Exclusive Remedy . The obligations of the parties under this Section 8 shall be in addition to any liability which any party may otherwise have to any other party.

Section 9. Rule 144 . The Company shall (i) use reasonable best efforts to file the reports required to be filed by it under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, and (ii) furnish to the Holders as soon as reasonably practical upon written request, (x) a written statement by the Company as to its compliance with the reporting requirements of Rule 144, the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, (y) a copy of the most recent annual or quarterly report of the Company, and (z) such other reports and documents so filed by the Company as such Holder may

 

19


reasonably request in availing itself of Rule 144, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Holder to sell Registrable Securities without registration under the Securities Act within the limitations of the exemption provided by Rule 144.

Section 10. Underwritten Registrations .

(a) If any Demand Registration is an Underwritten Offering, the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities included in any Demand Registration shall have the right to select the investment banker or investment bankers and managers to administer such Underwritten Offering, subject to the approval of the Company (which approval will not be unreasonably withheld or delayed). The Company shall have the sole right to select the investment banker or investment bankers and managers to administer any Piggyback Registration (that is not as a result of a Demand Registration).

(b) No Person may participate in any Underwritten Registration hereunder unless such Person (i) agrees to sell the Registrable Securities it desires to have covered by Registration Statement on the basis provided in any underwriting arrangements, (ii) completes and executes all questionnaires, powers of attorney, indemnities, underwriting agreements and other documents required under the terms of such underwriting arrangements, provided that such Person shall not be required to make any representations or warranties other than those related to title and ownership of such Person’s shares and as to the accuracy and completeness of statements made in a Registration Statement, Prospectus, offering circular, or other document in reliance upon and in conformity with information that is furnished to the Company or the managing underwriter(s) by or on behalf of such Person for use therein and (iii) cooperates with the Company’s reasonable requests in connection with such registration or qualification (it being understood that the Company’s failure to perform its obligations hereunder, which failure is caused by such Person’s failure to cooperate with such reasonable requests, will not constitute a breach by the Company of this Agreement).

Section 11. Other Registration Rights; Termination of Registration Rights .

(a) This Agreement shall terminate and cease to be of effect upon the earliest of (i) the termination of this Agreement by the written consent of each of the parties hereto or their respective successors in interest, (ii) the date on which no Registrable Securities remain outstanding, (iii) the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Company, (iv) the seven-year anniversary of the date hereof or (v) either (A) the date on which the Company is no longer required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and has ceased to file reports under the Exchange Act or (B) the date on which a Form 15 (or any successor form) has been filed under the Exchange Act with respect to the Common Stock, unless, in the case of clause (v), such situation or filing is due to the occurrence of any merger, consolidation or other transaction upon consummation of which the issuer of the Common Stock is an entity other than the Company, in which event such rights of the Holders shall not terminate at such time pursuant to such clause (v) and this Agreement shall be assumed by the surviving entity to such transaction. In addition to the foregoing, this Agreement shall terminate as to any Holder when such Holder no longer owns Registrable Securities.

 

20


(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, each of the Company’s and each Holder’s rights and obligations pursuant to Section 8 , as well as the Company’s obligations to pay expenses pursuant to Section 7 , shall survive with respect to any Registration Statement in which any Registrable Securities of the Holder were included and each Holder’s obligations under Section 5 shall continue in respect of any lock-up period that commenced prior to termination.

(c) Except as provided in this Agreement, the Company has not granted and the Company will not grant to any Person the right to request or require the Company to register any equity securities of the Company, or any securities convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for such securities, without the prior written consent of (x) one or more Holders of a majority (combined if more than one Holder) of the then outstanding Registrable Securities held by all of the SHC Qualified Holders, (y) one or more Holders of a majority (combined if more than one Holder) of the then outstanding Registrable Securities held by all of the Spectrum Qualified Holders, in each case, at the time of such consent and (z) one or more Holders of a majority (combined if more than one Holder) of the then outstanding Registrable Securities held by all of the GrubHub Qualified Holders, in each case, at the time of such consent.

Section 12. Miscellaneous .

(a) Governing Law; Submission to Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process; Waiver of Jury Trial .

(i) This Agreement, and all claims or causes of action (whether in contract or tort) that may be based upon, arise out of or relate to this Agreement or the negotiation, execution or performance of this Agreement (including any claim or cause of action based upon, arising out of or related to any representation or warranty made in or in connection with this Agreement) shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to any choice or conflict of laws, provisions or rules that would cause the application of laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware.

(ii) Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (i) submits, for itself and its property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of Chancery Court of the State of Delaware (the “ Chosen Courts ”) (provided, that if, and only after, such court determines that it lacks subject matter jurisdiction over any such legal action, suit or proceeding, such legal action, suit or proceeding shall be brought in the Federal courts of the United States of America located in the State of Delaware) and any appellate court thereof, in any Action arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the negotiation, execution or performance of this Agreement (including any claim or cause of action based upon, arising out of or related to any representation or warranty made in or in connection with this Agreement), or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and agrees that all claims in respect of any such Action shall be heard and determined in such courts, (ii) waives, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any Action arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the negotiation, execution or performance of this Agreement (including any claim or cause of action based upon, arising out of or related to any representation or warranty made in or in connection with this Agreement) in any such

 

21


courts, (iii) waives, to the fullest extent permitted by Law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such Action in any such courts and (iv) agrees that a final judgment in any such Action shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by Law. Each of the parties hereto agrees that service of process, summons, notice or document by registered mail addressed to it at the applicable address set forth in Section 12(c) shall be effective service of process for any Action brought in any such courts.

(iii) EACH OF THE SELLER, THE COMPANY AND THE PURCHASERS HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THE ACTIONS OF THE PARTIES HERETO IN THE NEGOTIATION, EXECUTION, PERFORMANCE AND ENFORCEMENT OF THIS AGREEMENT.

(b) Entire Agreement; Amendments and Waivers . This Agreement (including the Exhibits and Annexes hereto) and the Stockholders’ Agreement represent the entire understanding and agreement between the parties hereto and thereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof. This Agreement may only be amended, supplemented, modified or changed by written agreement of (x) one or more Holders of a majority (combined if more than one Holder) of the then outstanding Registrable Securities held by all of the SHC Qualified Holders, (y) one or more Holders of a majority (combined if more than one Holder) of the then outstanding Registrable Securities held by all of the Spectrum Qualified Holders and (z) one or more Holders of a majority (combined if more than one Holder) of the then outstanding Registrable Securities held by all of the GrubHub Qualified Holders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any amendment or revision to Annex A hereto that is made by the Company solely to reflect information (i) regarding the Initial Holders or (ii) provided by the Initial Holders regarding a disposition and/or assignment of the Initial Holders’ rights under this Agreement shall not require any approval or consent of the parties hereto. Any provision hereof may only be waived by written instrument making specific reference to this Agreement signed by the party against whom enforcement of any such amendment, supplement, modification or waiver is sought. No action taken pursuant to this Agreement, including any investigation by or on behalf of any party, shall be deemed to constitute a waiver by the party taking such action of compliance with any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement contained herein. The waiver by any party hereto of a breach of any provision of this Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a further or continuing waiver of such breach or as a waiver of any other or subsequent breach. No failure on the part of any party to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right, power or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of such right, power or remedy by such party preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or remedy.

(c) Notices . All notices, requests, instructions and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given to the receiving party (i) upon actual receipt, if delivered personally, (ii) three Business Days after deposit in the mail, if sent by registered or certified mail, (iii) upon confirmation of successful transmission, if sent by facsimile ( provided that if given by facsimile such notice, request, instruction or other communication shall be followed up within one Business Day by dispatch pursuant to one of the

 

22


other methods described herein) or (iv) on the next Business Day after deposit with an overnight courier, if sent by an overnight courier, to the parties at the following addresses or facsimile numbers (or at such other address or facsimile numbers for a party as shall be specified by like notice):

 

  (x) if to any Holder, to such Holder’s address or facsimile number set forth on Annex A , as such Annex A may be amended or updated from time to time pursuant to this Agreement

 

  (y) if to the Company, to:

Seamless GrubHub Holdings Inc.

1065 Avenue of the Americas, Floor 15

New York, New York 10018

Attention: Chief Executive Officer

Facsimile No.: (646) 417-6850

Each notice shall be deemed duly given and effective upon receipt as specified above (or refusal of receipt).

(d) Severability . If any term or other provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal, or incapable of being enforced by any Law or public policy, all other terms or provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon such determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal, or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in an acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated as originally contemplated to the greatest extent possible.

(e) Binding Effect; Assignment . Each Holder may assign its rights hereunder (or a pro rata portion thereof) (A) to any Permitted Transferee of such Holder to which its ownership interest in the Company (or portion thereof) are properly assigned in accordance with the Stockholders’ Agreement or (B) to any Person to which the “Seamless Holdings Stockholders,” the “Spectrum Stockholders” or the “GrubHub Stockholders,” as applicable, have transferred 50% or more of the ownership interest in the Company (each as calculated on an “As Converted” basis) held by such group of “Stockholders” on the “Closing Date” (with each term in quotations in this clause (B) having the meaning given to such term in the Stockholders Agreement); provided in the case of each of the foregoing clauses (A) and (B) that such transferee has executed and agreed to be bound by the Stockholders’ Agreement (if such agreement is still in effect at such time). This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this Section 12(e) , and this Agreement shall also be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Company; provided , however , that in the case of any assignee other than the Company, such assignee shall not be entitled to any rights or benefits hereunder unless such assignee shall have executed and delivered to the Company a Joinder Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit I attached hereto promptly following the

 

23


acquisition of such ownership interest in the Company or Registrable Securities in compliance with the provisions of this Agreement, in which event such successor or assign shall be deemed a Holder for purposes of this Agreement and Annex A shall be updated by the Company accordingly pursuant to Section 12(b) . Nothing in this Agreement shall create or be deemed to create any third party beneficiary rights in any Person not a party to this Agreement (other than an Indemnified Party).

(f) Non-Recourse . No past, present or future director, officer, employee, incorporator, member, partner, stockholder, Affiliate, agent, attorney or representative of the Company shall have any Liability for any obligations or Liabilities of the Company under this Agreement or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of, the transactions contemplated hereby. No past, present or future Affiliate, agent, attorney or representative of the Holders or any of their respective Affiliates shall have any Liability for any obligations or Liabilities of the Holders or any of their respective Affiliates under this Agreement or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of, the transactions contemplated hereby.

(g) Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, including by means of facsimile, each of which will be deemed to be an original copy of this Agreement and all of which, when taken together, will be deemed to constitute one and the same agreement.

(h) Interpretation . The parties hereto have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement. If an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement will be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties hereto and no presumption or burden of proof will arise favoring or disfavoring any party hereto because of the authorship of any provision of this Agreement. The Exhibits, Annexes, Disclosure Schedule and other attachments identified in this Agreement are incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof.

[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]

 

24


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed, as of the date first written above.

 

SEAMLESS GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.
By:   

/s/ Matthew Maloney

  Name: Matthew Maloney
  Title:   President

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]


/s/ Joseph Neubauer
Joseph Neubauer


/s/ L. Frederick Sutherland
L. Frederick Sutherland


J.P. MORGAN PARTNERS (BHCA), L.P.     J.P. MORGAN PARTNERS GLOBAL INVESTORS (SELLDOWN), L.P.
By:    CCMP Capital Advisors, LLCL.     By:   CCMP Capital Advisors, LLC
  Frederick As Attorney in Fact       As Attorney in Fact
By:    /s/ Ryan Anderson     By:    /s/ Ryan Anderson
  Name:   Ryan Anderson       Name:   Ryan Anderson
  Title:   Managing Director       Title:   Managing Director
J.P. MORGAN PARTNERS GLOBAL     J.P. MORGAN PARTNERS GLOBAL
INVESTORS, L.P.     INVESTORS (SELLDOWN) II, L.P.
By:   CCMP Capital Advisors, LLC     By:   CCMP Capital Advisors, LLC
  As Attorney in Fact       As Attorney in Fact
By:   /s/ Ryan Anderson     By:   /s/ Ryan Anderson
  Name:    Ryan Anderson       Name:   Ryan Anderson
  Title:   Managing Director       Title:   Managing Director
J.P. MORGAN PARTNERS GLOBAL INVESTORS A, L.P.     CCMP CAPITAL INVESTORS II, L.P.
By:   CCMP Capital Advisors, LLC As Attorney in Fact     By:   CCMP Capital Associates, L.P., its General Partner
By:   /s/ Ryan Anderson     By:   CCMP Capital Associates GP, LLC, its general partner
  Name:   Ryan Anderson        
  Title:   Managing Director     By:   /s/ Ryan Anderson
          Name:   Ryan Anderson
          Title:   Managing Director
J.P. MORGAN PARTNERS GLOBAL INVESTORS (CAYMAN), L.P.     CCMP CAPITAL INVESTORS (CAYMAN) II, L.P.
By:   CCMP Capital Advisors, LLC     By:   CCMP Capital Associates, L.P., its General Partner
  As Attorney in Fact        
        By:   CCMP Capital Associates GP, LLC, its general partner
           
By:   /s/ Ryan Anderson     By:   /s/ Ryan Anderson
  Name:   Ryan Anderson       Name:    Ryan Anderson
  Title:   Managing Director       Title:   Managing Director
J.P. MORGAN PARTNERS GLOBAL INVESTORS (CAYMAN) II, L.P.        
By:   CCMP Capital Advisors, LLC    
  As Attorney in Fact        
By:   /s/ Ryan Anderson        
  Name:   Ryan Anderson        
  Title:   Managing Director        


GS CAPITAL PARTNERS V FUND, L.P.
By:   GSCP V Advisors, L.L.C., its General Partner
By:    /s/ Jack Daly
  Name:    Jack Daly
  Title:   Vice President
GS CAPITAL PARTNERS V OFFSHORE FUND, L.P.
By:  

GSCP V Offshore Advisors, L.L.C., its

General Partner

By:   /s/ Jack Daly
  Name:   Jack Daly
  Title:   Vice President
GS CAPITAL PARTNERS V GMBH & CO. KG
By:   GS Advisors V, L.L.C., its Managing Limited Partner
By:   /s/ Jack Daly
  Name:   Jack Daly
  Title:   Vice President
GS CAPITAL PARTNERS V INSTITUTIONAL, L.P.
By:   GS Advisors V L.L.C., its General Partner
By:   /s/ Jack Daly
  Name:   Jack Daly
  Title:   Vice President


THOMAS H. LEE EQUITY FUND VI, L.P.

 

 

  

THL COINVESTMENT PARTNERS, L.P.

By:    THL Equity Advisors VI, LLC, its general partner      By:    Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P., its general partner
By:    Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P., its sole member      By:    Thomas H. Lee Advisors, LLC, its general partner
By:    Thomas H. Lee Advisors, LLC, its general partner      By:    THL Holdco, LLC, its managing member
By:    THL Holdco, LLC, its managing member        
By:    /s/ Todd M. Abbrecht      By:    /s/ Todd M. Abbrecht
   Name:         Name:
   Title:         Title:
THOMAS H. LEE PARALLEL FUND VI, L.P.      THL EQUITY FUND VI INVESTORS (ARAMARK), LLC
By:    THL Equity Advisors VI, LLC, its general partner      By:    THL Equity Advisors VI, LLC, its general partner
By:    Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P., its sole member      By:    Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P., its sole member
By:    Thomas H. Lee Advisors, LLC, its general partner      By:    Thomas H. Lee Advisors, LLC, its general partner
By:    THL Holdco, LLC, its managing member      By:    THL Holdco, LLC, its managing member
By:    /s/ Todd M. Abbrecht      By:    /s/ Todd M. Abbrecht
   Name:         Name:
   Title:         Title:
THOMAS H. LEE PARALLEL (DT) FUND VI, L.P.      PUTNAM INVESTMENTS HOLDINGS, LLC
By:    THL Equity Advisors VI, LLC, its general partner      By:    Putnam Investments LLC, its Managing Member
By:    Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P., its sole member      By:    Thomas H. Lee Advisors, LLC, attorney-in-fact
By:    Thomas H. Lee Advisors, LLC, its general partner      By:    THL Holdco, LLC, its managing member
By:    THL Holdco, LLC, its managing member        
By:    /s/ Todd M. Abbrecht      By:    /s/ Todd M. Abbrecht
   Name:         Name:
   Title:         Title:
          
        PUTNAM INVESTMENTS EMPLOYEES’
        SECURITIES COMPANY III, LLC
        By:    Putnam Investments Holdings LLC, its Managing Member
        By:    Putnam Investments LLC, its Managing Member
        By:    Thomas H. Lee Advisors, LLC, attorney-in-fact
        By:    THL Holdco, LLC, its managing member
        By:    /s/ Todd M. Abbrecht
           Name:
           Title:


WARBURG PINCUS PRIVATE EQUITY IX, L.P.
By:   Warburg Pincus IX LLC, its General Partner
By:   Warburg Pincus Pars, LLC, its Sole Member
By:   Warburg Pincus & Co., its Managing Member
By:   /s/ Justin Sadrian
  Name: Justin Sadrian


INITIAL HOLDERS:
SLW INVESTOR, LLC
By:   /s/ Benjamin C. Spero
  Name: Benjamin C. Spero
  Title:   President


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have duly executed this Agreement as or the Closing Date.

 

By:   /s/ Michael Evans
  Michael Evans
EVANS TRUST U/A/D MARCH 29, 2012
By:   /s/ Michael Evans
Name:    Michael Evans
Title:   Investment Advisor


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have duly executed this Agreement as of the Closing Date.

 

By:   /s/ Matthew Maloney
  Matthew Maloney
MATT AND HOLLY MALONEY FAMILY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
By:   /s/ Matthew Maloney
  Name: Matthew Maloney
  Title:   General Partner


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have duly executed this Agreement as of the Closing Date.

 

ORIGIN VENTURES II, L.P.
By:   /s/ Bruce Barron
Name:    Bruce Barron
Title:   Manager of its General Partner


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have duly executed this Agreement as of the Closing Date.

 

AMICUS CAPITAL, L.P.
By:   Amicus Capital Management LLC
Its:   General Partner
By:   /s/ Robert Zipp
Name:    Robert Zipp
Title:   Managing member


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have duly executed this Agreement as of the Closing Date.

 

ARBA, LLC
By:   /s/ Dave Pell
Name:    Dave Pell
Title:   Managing Partner


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have duly executed this Agreement as of the Closing Date.

 

LIGHTSPEED VENTURE PARTNERS VIII, L.P.
By: Lightspeed General Partner VIII, L.P., its general partner
By: Lightspeed Ultimate General Partner VIII, Ltd., its general partner
By:   /s/ Justin Caldbeck
Name:    Justin Caldbeck
Title:   Duly Authorized Signatory


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have duly executed this Agreement as of the Closing Date.

 

BENCHMARK CAPITAL PARTNERS VI, L.P.
  as nominee for
  Benchmark Capital Partners VI, L.P.,
  Benchmark Founders’ Fund VI, L.P., and
  Benchmark Founders’ Fund VI-B, L.P. and related individuals
By:   Benchmark Capital Management Co. VI, L.L.C., general Partner
By:   /s/ Steven M. Spurlock
Name:    Steven M. Spurlock
Title:   Managing Member


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have duly executed this Agreement as of the Closing Date.

 

By:   /s/ Chuck Templeton
  Chuck Templeton
CHUCK TEMPLETON AND JULIE TEMPLETON, TRUSTEES OF THE CHUCK TEMPLETON LIVING TRUST, DATED AUGUST 10, 2009, AND ANY AMENDMENTS THERETO
By:   /s/ Chuck Templeton
Name:    Chuck Templeton
Title:   Trustee


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have duly executed this Agreement as of the Closing Date.

 

DAG VENTURES IV-QP, L.P.
By: DAG Ventures Management IV, LLC, its General Partner
By:   /s/ John Caddedu
Name:    John Caddedu
Title:   Managing Director
DAG VENTURES IV, L.P.
By: DAG Ventures Management IV, LLC, its General Partner
By:   /s/ John Caddedu
Name:   John Caddedu
Title:   Managing Director
DAG VENTURES IV, LLC
By:   /s/ John Caddedu
Name:   John Caddedu
Title:   Managing Director


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have duly executed this Agreement as of the Closing Date.

 

LEO CAPITAL HOLDINGS, LLC
By:   /s/ Randy O. Rissman
Name:    Randy O. Rissman
Title:   Manager


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have duly executed this Agreement as of the Closing Date.

 

GREENSPRING GLOBAL PARTNERS V-A, L.P.
By: Greenspring General Partner V, LP., its general partner
By:   Greenspring GP V, LLC, its general partner
By:   /s/ Eric Thompson
Name:   Eric Thompson
Title:   Chief Financial Officer
GREENSPRING GLOBAL PARTNERS V-C, L.P.
By: Greenspring General Partner V, L.P., its general partner
By: Greenspring GP V, LLC, its general partner
By:   /s/ Eric Thompson
Name:    Eric Thompson
Title:   Chief Financial Officer


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have duly executed this Agreement as of the Closing Date.

 

RED DEVIL INVESTORS, LLC
By:   /s/ Brent Hill
Name:    Brent Hill
Title:   Managing Member


Annex A

HOLDERS

 

Holder

  

Address / Contact Information

SHC Qualified Holders as set forth on Schedule I   

1101 Market Street

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107

Attention: Treasurer

Facsimile No: (215) 238-3284

Spectrum Qualified Holders as set forth on Schedule II   

c/o Spectrum Equity Investors

333 Middlefield Road, Suite 200

Menlo Park, California

Attention: Ben Spero

Facsimile No: (415) 464-4601

GrubHub Qualified Holders as set forth on Schedule III   

111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100

Chicago, Illinois 60602

Attention:

Facsimile No:

 

With a copy to:

 

Origin Ventures II, L.P.

1033 Skokie Boulevard

Suite 430

Northbrook, IL 60062

Attn: Bruce N. Barron

Facsimile No: (847) 919-3547

 

And

 

Leo Capital Holdings, LLC

400 Skokie Boulevard

Suite 410

Northbrook, IL 60062

Attn: Randall O. Rissman

Facsimile No: (847) 418-3424


Exhibit I

FORM OF

JOINDER AGREEMENT

This JOINDER AGREEMENT is made this [ ] day of [ ], 20[ ], by and between [ ] (the “ New Holder ”) and [ ] (the “ Company ”), pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement dated as of [ ], 2013 (the “ Agreement ”), by and among Seamless GrubHub Holdings Inc. and the Holders party thereto. Capitalized terms used herein but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Agreement.

W I T N E S S E T H:

WHEREAS, the Company has agreed to provide registration rights with respect to the Registrable Securities as set forth in the Agreement; and

WHEREAS, the New Holder has acquired Registrable Securities directly or indirectly from a Holder;

WHEREAS, such Holder has transferred its rights with respect to such Registrable Securities to the New Holder in compliance with the Stockholders’ Agreement; and

WHEREAS, the Company and the Holders have required in the Agreement that all persons desiring registration rights must enter into a Joinder Agreement binding the New Holder to the Agreement to the same extent as if it were an original party thereto.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises of the parties, the New Holder acknowledges that it has received and read the Agreement and that the New Holder shall be bound by, and shall have the benefit of, all of the terms and conditions set out in the Agreement to the same extent as if it were an original party to the Agreement and shall be deemed to be a Holder thereunder; provided, however, that this Joinder Agreement and the above-referenced transfer of rights under the Agreement shall be void ab initio if the New Holder has not, concurrent with or prior to the execution and delivery of this Joinder Agreement, executed and delivered a legally binding joinder to the Stockholders’ Agreement.

 

 

[ Insert name of New Holder ]

Acknowledged and agreed:

[ Insert name of Company ]
By:     
  Name:
  Title:


Schedule I

SHC Qualified Holders

Joseph Neubauer

L. Frederick Sutherland

CCMP Capital Investors II, L.P.

CCMP Capital Investors (Cayman) II, L.P.

JP Morgan Partners (BHCA), LP

JP Morgan Partners Global Investors, L.P.

JP Morgan Partners Global Investors A, L.P.

JP Morgan Partners Global Investors (Cayman), L.P.

JP Morgan Partners Global Investors (Cayman) II, L.P.

J.P. Morgan Partners Global Investors (Selldown), L.P.

J.P. Morgan Partners Global Investors (Selldown) II, L.P.

GS Capital Partners V Fund, L.P.

GS Capital Partners V Offshore Fund, L.P.

GS Capital Partners V Institutional, L.P.

GS Capital Partners V GmbH & Co. KG THL Equity Fund VI Investors (ARAMARK), LLC

Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VI, L.P. Thomas H. Lee Parallel Fund VI, L.P.

Thomas H. Lee Parallel (DT) Fund VI, L.P.

Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC

Putnam Investments Employees Securities Company III LLC

THL Coinvestment Partners, L.P.

Warburg Pincus Private Equity IX, L.P.


Schedule II

Spectrum Qualified Holders

SLW Investor, LLC


Schedule III

GrubHub Qualified Holders

Benchmark Capital Partners VI, L.P.

Origin Ventures II, L.P.

Leo Capital Holdings, LLC

Lightspeed Venture Partners VIII, L.P.

DAG Ventures IV-QP, L.P.

DAG Ventures IV, L.P.

DAG Ventures IV, LLC

Amicus Capital, L.P.

Mesirow Financial Capital Partners X, L.P.

Greenspring Global Partners V-A, L.P.

Greenspring Global Partners V-C, L.P.

ARBA, LLC

Red Devil Investors, LLC

Michael Saunders

Matt and Holly Maloney Family Limited Partnership

Matthew Maloney

Michael Evans

Evans Trust U/A/D March 29, 2012

Exhibit 10.2

EXECUTION VERSION

TAX MATTERS AGREEMENT

This TAX MATTERS AGREEMENT (the “ Agreement ”) is made and entered into as of May 19, 2013, to be effective upon the Closing, by and among ARAMARK Holdings Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“ ARAMARK Holdings ”), GrubHub Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ Parent ”), and Seamless Holdings Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“ Spinco ” and, together with ARAMARK Holdings and Parent, the “ Parties ,” and each individually, a “ Party ”).

Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, this Agreement shall not be effective unless and until the Closing takes place, and shall only become effective upon the Closing, provided that the provisions of ARTICLE VI shall be effective immediately upon execution hereof.

RECITALS

WHEREAS, on October 29, 2012, ARAMARK Holdings and Spinco engaged in a series of distributions involving the stock of Spinco, which were intended to qualify as tax-free distributions under Section 355 of the Code;

WHEREAS the board of directors of each Party has determined that it is in the best interests of such Party to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Reorganization and Contribution Agreement by and among the Parties (other than ARAMARK Holdings), SLW Investor, LLC, GrubHub, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ GrubHub ”), and Seamless North America LLC, a Delaware limited liability Company (“ Seamless ”) dated as of the date hereof (the “ Reorganization Agreement ”);

WHEREAS, the Parties desire to enter into this Agreement as of the date hereof, to be effective upon the Closing;

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements, provisions and covenants contained in this Agreement, the Parties, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

Definitions

Affiliate ” means any Person that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person. For purposes of this definition, the term “control” (including the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”) means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; provided, however, that the term “Affiliate” excludes any portfolio company owned by any equityholder in Parent or ARAMARK Holdings that is a private equity fund or a venture capital fund.


Closing ” has the meaning set forth in the Reorganization Agreement.

Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

Consolidated Return ” means any Tax Return filed pursuant to Section 1502 of the Code, or any comparable combined, consolidated, or unitary group income Tax Return filed under foreign, state or local Tax law that includes both Spinco and ARAMARK Holdings (or any other of its Subsidiaries).

Distribution Agreement ” means that certain Distribution Agreement, dated as of October 26, 2012, by and among ARAMARK Holdings, ARAMARK Intermediate Holdco Corporation, ARAMARK Corporation, and Spinco.

Final Determination ” means the final resolution of liability for any Tax for any taxable period, including any related interest or penalties, by or as a result of: (i) a final and unappealable decision, judgment, decree or other order by any court of competent jurisdiction; (ii) a closing agreement or accepted offer in compromise under Section 7121 or 7122 of the Code, or comparable agreement under the laws of other jurisdictions which resolves the entire Tax liability for any taxable period; or (iii) any other final disposition.

Indemnified Liability ” means any liability for Taxes subject to indemnification pursuant to Section 4.01 or Section 4.02 .

Person ” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, firm, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, governmental entity or other entity

Prior Tax Matters Agreement ” means that Tax Matters Agreement dated as of October 26, 2012, by and among ARAMARK Holdings and Spinco.

Proceeding ” means any audit, examination or other proceeding brought by a Taxing Authority with respect to Taxes.

Restricted Period ” means the period beginning on the date hereof and ending on October 29, 2014.

Section 355 Agent ” means, with respect to any Person, any officer or director acting on behalf of such Person, any controlling shareholder of such Person, or any other Person with implicit or explicit permission of one or more of such officers, directors or controlling shareholders of such Person, in each case within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.355-7.

Spinco Merger ” means the Thin Crust Merger as defined in the Reorganization Agreement.

 

2


Spin-off ” means the series of distributions of the stock of Spinco by ARAMARK Holdings and certain of its Subsidiaries that occurred on October 29, 2012, and resulted in Spinco ceasing to be a Subsidiary of ARAMARK Holdings.

Subsidiary ” means, with respect to any Person, a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity in which such Person, a Subsidiary of such Person or such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person, directly or indirectly, has either (i) a majority ownership in the equity thereof, (ii) the power, under ordinary circumstances, to elect, or to direct the election of, a majority of the board of directors or other governing body of such entity or (iii) the title or function of general partner, or the right to designate the Person having such title or function.

Tax ” means (i) any federal, state, local or foreign income, gross receipts, property, sales, use, license, excise, franchise, employment, payroll, withholding, alternative or add on minimum, ad valorem, transfer or excise tax, or any other tax, custom, duty, governmental fee or other like assessment or charge of any kind whatsoever, together with any interest or penalty, imposed by any Taxing Authority and (ii) any liability for the payment of any amount of the type described in clause (i) above arising as a result of being (or having been) a member of any group or being (or having been) included or required to be included in any Tax Return related thereto.

Tax Return ” means all reports or returns (including information returns and amended returns) required to be filed or that may be filed for any period with any Taxing Authority in connection with any Tax (whether domestic or foreign).

Taxing Authority ” means any governmental authority (whether United States or non-United States, and including, any state, municipality, political subdivision or governmental agency) responsible for the imposition of any Tax.

ARTICLE II

Prior Tax Matters Agreement

Section 2.01. Termination of Prior Tax Matters Agreement . As of immediately prior to the Spinco Merger, the Prior Tax Matters Agreement is hereby terminated and cancelled and shall have no further effect, whether legal, equitable or otherwise.

Section 2.02. Release of Spinco . ARAMARK Holdings hereby (i) releases Spinco from any and all liability and any and all continuing obligations of Spinco under the Prior Tax Matters Agreement and (ii) on behalf of itself and the ARAMARK Indemnitees (as defined in the Distribution Agreement), releases Spinco from any and all liability of Spinco under Section 5.02(d) of the Distribution Agreement.

Section 2.03. Release of ARAMARK Holdings . Spinco hereby releases ARAMARK Holdings from any and all liability and any and all continuing obligations of ARAMARK Holdings under the Prior Tax Matters Agreement.

 

3


ARTICLE III

ARAMARK Holdings Consent Rights

Section 3.01. ARAMARK Holdings Consent Rights . Without the prior written consent of ARAMARK Holdings, none of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries shall:

(a) Engage in substantial negotiations (within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.355-7) or effect any business combination transaction, including by merger or through a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Parent, with any Person on or prior to October 29, 2013;

(b) Initiate a sale process of Parent through (i) the engagement of any investment banker, (ii) a public announcement by Parent of its intention to market Parent for sale or (iii) any other solicitation of one or more potential acquirers, in each case, on or prior to October 29, 2014; provided the foregoing shall not restrict any initiation of a sale process after October 29, 2013 in response to a bona fide unsolicited written indication of interest received by Parent; or

(c) During the Restricted Period, (i) take any action that causes Spinco to reduce its interest in Seamless below a 35% interest, (ii) take any action that causes Seamless to cease to be classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, or (iii) cease the conduct of the Seamless business.

ARTICLE IV

Indemnification Obligations

Section 4.01. Indemnification by Parent . Parent shall indemnify and hold harmless ARAMARK Holdings and its Subsidiaries against any and all Taxes imposed upon or incurred by ARAMARK Holdings and its Subsidiaries resulting from (a) the application of Section 355(e) of the Code to the Spin-off due to any “agreement, understanding, arrangement, or substantial negotiations” (within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.355-7) between any Section 355 Agents of GrubHub or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any Section 355 Agents of Spinco, Seamless or ARAMARK Holdings or any of their Subsidiaries, on the other hand, on or prior to October 29, 2012, or (b) the taking of any action described in Section 3.01 without having obtained the prior written consent of ARAMARK Holdings as set forth in such section; unless, in either case, such Taxes would, in any event, have been imposed upon or incurred by such Person without regard to such substantial negotiations or actions, as determined at such time.

Section 4.02. Indemnification by ARAMARK Holdings . Subject to Section 4.01, ARAMARK Holdings shall be responsible for the payment of any Taxes payable with respect to all Consolidated Returns. Subject to Section 4.01, ARAMARK Holdings shall indemnify and hold harmless Parent and its Subsidiaries against any and all such Taxes imposed upon or incurred by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, whether under Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 or any analogous provision of federal, state or local law.

 

4


Section 4.03. Limitations on Indemnification . Notwithstanding the foregoing, the indemnification obligations of Parent and ARAMARK Holdings under this Agreement shall be subject to the following provisions:

(a) The indemnification obligations of Parent shall survive until the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations, as the same may be extended or waived, but determined as if Section 355(e)(4)(E)(i) of the Code has no application to the Spin-off after the date which is seven (7) years after the execution of this Agreement.

(b) The indemnification obligations of ARAMARK Holdings shall survive until the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations (as the same may be extended or waived).

(c) The indemnification obligations of Parent under Section 4.01(a) shall in no event exceed fifteen million dollars ($15,000,000).

Section 4.04. Time and Manner of Payment . Unless otherwise agreed in writing, payment of an Indemnified Liability shall be made to the indemnified Party following a Final Determination (less any amount paid directly by the indemnifying Party to the Taxing Authority) at least two Business Days prior to the date payment of the Indemnified Liability is required to be made to the Taxing Authority. Such payment shall be paid by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by the indemnified Party by written notice to indemnifying Party of the due date of such payment.

Section 4.05. Refund of Amounts Paid by Another Party . Should ARAMARK Holdings or Parent (or any of their Affiliates) receive a refund in respect of amounts paid by the other Party to any Taxing Authority on such receiving Party’s behalf or paid by the other Party to such receiving Party for payment to a Taxing Authority with respect to an Indemnified Liability, or should any such amounts that would otherwise be refundable to such receiving Party be applied or credited by the Taxing Authority to obligations of such receiving Party unrelated to an Indemnified Liability, then such receiving Party shall, promptly following receipt, remit such refund (including any statutory interest that is included in such refund but net of any Taxes payable with respect to such refund) to the other Party.

ARTICLE V

Contests and Procedural Matters

Section 5.01. Proceedings Involving Parent and its Subsidiaries .

(a) If Parent or any of its Subsidiaries receives any written notice of deficiency, claim or adjustment or any other written communication from a Taxing Authority that may result in liability for ARAMARK Holdings under Section 4.02 , Parent shall promptly give written notice thereof to ARAMARK Holdings, provided that any delay by Parent in so notifying ARAMARK Holdings shall not relieve ARAMARK Holdings of any liability under Section 4.02 hereunder except to the extent ARAMARK Holdings is materially and adversely prejudiced by such delay.

 

5


(b) ARAMARK Holdings shall assume and direct the defense or settlement of any Proceeding with respect to which it may have an indemnity obligation under Section 4.02 , and Parent shall have no rights to conduct or participate in any such Proceeding; provided , however , if any such Proceeding may result in liability to Parent under Section 4.01 , Parent shall have the rights set forth in Section 5.02(b) with respect to such Proceeding.

Section 5.02. Proceedings Involving ARAMARK Holding and its Subsidiaries .

(a) ARAMARK Holdings undertakes and agrees that from and after such time as ARAMARK Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries receives any written notice of deficiency, claim or adjustment or any other communication from a Taxing Authority, or obtains knowledge that a representative of a Taxing Authority has begun to investigate or inquire into the Spin-off, that may result in liability for Parent under Section 4.01 , ARAMARK Holdings shall (i) promptly give written notice thereof to Parent, provided that any delay by ARAMARK Holdings in so notifying Parent shall not relieve Parent of any liability under Section 4.01 hereunder except to the extent Parent is materially and adversely prejudiced by such delay, (ii) consult with Parent from time to time, and keep Parent fully informed, as to the conduct of such investigation, inquiry or Proceeding, and (iii) provide Parent with copies of all material correspondence between ARAMARK Holdings or its representatives and such Taxing Authority or any representative thereof pertaining to such investigation, inquiry or Proceeding.

(b) ARAMARK Holdings shall assume and direct the defense or settlement of any Proceeding with respect to which Parent may have an indemnity obligation under Section 4.01 , provided that Parent shall be entitled to participate in such Proceeding at its own cost and expense; and provided , further , that ARAMARK Holdings shall not settle, compromise, concede or otherwise resolve any such Proceeding without Parent’s prior written consent, not to be unreasonably withheld; provided , however , that Parent shall not have any such consent rights with respect to a Proceeding with respect to which Parent has an indemnity obligation under Section 4.01(a) if the amount of the settlement of the matter with respect to which Parent has an indemnity obligation under Section 4.01(a) equals or exceeds $40 million and ARAMARK Holdings has conducted such Proceeding in good faith and with due consideration for Parent’s indemnification obligations under this Agreement.

Section 5.03. ARAMARK Holdings Tax Returns . ARAMARK Holdings shall prepare, or cause to be prepared, and file, or cause to be filed, all Consolidated Returns. To the extent that Spinco is included in any Consolidated Return for a taxable period that includes the October 29, 2012, ARAMARK Holdings shall include in such Consolidated Return the results of Spinco on the basis of the closing of the books method as provided in Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-76(b)(2)(i).

Section 5.04. Cooperation . ARAMARK Holdings, Parent and their Subsidiaries shall reasonably cooperate with one another in a timely manner in any Proceeding or in the filing of any Consolidated Return. ARAMARK Holdings and Parent agree that such cooperation shall include, without limitation, making available to the other Party, during normal business hours, all books, records and information, officers and employees (without substantial interruption of employment) necessary or useful in connection with such Proceeding or such Consolidated

 

6


Return. The Party requesting or otherwise entitled to any books, records, information, officers or employees pursuant to this Section 5.04 shall bear all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses (except reimbursement of salaries, employee benefits and general overhead) incurred in connection with providing such books, records, information, officers or employees.

ARTICLE VI

Miscellaneous

Section 6.01. Counterparts; Entire Agreement; Corporate Power .

(a) This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which counterparts shall be considered one and the same agreement, and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each Party hereto and delivered to the other Parties.

(b) This Agreement and the exhibits, schedules and appendices hereto contain the entire agreement between the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all previous agreements, negotiations, discussions, writings, understandings, commitments and conversations with respect to such subject matter, and there are no agreements or understandings between the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof other than those set forth or referred to herein.

(c) ARAMARK Holdings and Parent represent as follows:

(i) each such Person has the requisite corporate or other power and authority and has taken all corporate or other action necessary in order to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby; and

(ii) this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by it and constitutes a valid and binding agreement of it enforceable in accordance with the terms hereof.

Section 6.02. Termination . This Agreement shall be automatically terminated without any action, immediately upon, and shall have no force or effect following, the termination of the Reorganization Agreement prior to the Closing for any reason.

Section 6.03. Governing Law; Jurisdiction . This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, regardless of the laws that might otherwise govern under applicable principles of conflicts of laws thereof. Each Party irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, or to the extent such Court does not have subject matter jurisdiction, the Superior Court of the State of Delaware or any federal court in the State of Delaware, with respect to any action arising out of or relating to this Agreement, and hereby irrevocably agrees that all claims in respect of such action may be heard and determined in such Delaware state or federal courts. Each Party hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action.

 

7


Section 6.04. Assignability . Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations under this Agreement shall be assigned, in whole or in part, by operation of law or otherwise by any Party without the prior written consent of the other Party. Any purported assignment without such consent shall be void. Subject to the preceding sentences, this Agreement will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the Parties and their respective successors and assigns. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, any Party may assign this Agreement without consent in connection with (a) a merger transaction in which such Party is not the surviving entity and the surviving entity acquires or assumes all or substantially all of such Party’s assets, or (b) upon the sale of all or substantially all of such Party’s assets; provided, however, that the assignee expressly assumes in writing all of the obligations of the assigning Party under this Agreement, and the assigning Party provides written notice and evidence of such assignment and assumption to the non-assigning Party. No assignment permitted by this Section 6.03 shall release the assigning Party from liability for the full performance of its obligations under this Agreement.

Section 6.05. Third-Party Beneficiaries . Except for the indemnification rights pursuant to ARTICLE IV of this Agreement of the Subsidiaries of ARAMARK Holdings and Parent, (a) the provisions of this Agreement are solely for the benefit of the Parties and are not intended to confer upon any Person except the Parties any rights or remedies hereunder and (b) there are no third-party beneficiaries of this Agreement and this Agreement shall not provide any third person with any remedy, claim, liability, reimbursement, cause of action or other right in excess of those existing without reference to this Agreement.

Section 6.06. Notices . All notices or other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to be duly given when (a) delivered in person, (b) sent by telecopier (except that, if not sent during normal business hours for the recipient, then at the opening of business on the next business day for the recipient) to the fax numbers set forth below or (c) deposited in the United States mail or private express mail, postage prepaid, addressed as follows:

If to ARAMARK Holdings to:

c/o ARAMARK Corporation

1101 Market Street

Philadelphia, PA 19107

Attn: General Counsel

Facsimile: (215) 413-8808

If to Parent to:

111 W. Washington St., #2100

Chicago, IL 60602

Attn: Matt Maloney

Facsimile: (312) 252-1830

 

8


with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

 

Goodwin Procter LLP
135 Commonwealth Drive
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Attention:    Craig Schmitz, Esq.
Facsimile:    (650) 752-3266

If to Spinco to:

Seamless Holdings Corporation

1101 Market Street

Philadelphia, PA 19107

Attn: President

Facsimile: (215) 238-3388

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

 

Latham & Watkins
505 Montgomery Street, Suite 2000
San Francisco, CA 94111
Attention:    Scott R. Haber, Esq.
Facsimile:    (415) 395-8095

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

 

Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP
425 Lexington Ave.
New York, NY 10017
Attention:    Steven C. Todrys, Esq.
Facsimile:    (212) 455-2502

Any Party may, by notice to the other Party, change the address to which such notices are to be given.

Section 6.07. Severability . If any provision of this Agreement or the application thereof to any Person or circumstance is determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remaining provisions hereof, or the application of such provision to Persons or circumstances or in jurisdictions other than those as to which it has been held invalid or unenforceable, shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated thereby, so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any Party. Upon any such determination, the Parties shall negotiate in good faith in an effort to agree upon a suitable and equitable provision to effect the original intent of the Parties.

 

9


Section 6.08. Force Majeure . No Party shall be deemed in default of this Agreement to the extent that any delay or failure in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement results from any cause beyond its reasonable control and without its fault or negligence, such as acts of God, acts of civil or military authority, embargoes, epidemics, war, riots, insurrections, fires, explosions, earthquakes, floods, unusually severe weather conditions, labor problems or unavailability of parts, or, in the case of computer systems, any failure in electrical or air conditioning equipment. In the event of any such excused delay, the time for performance shall be extended for a period equal to the time lost by reason of the delay.

Section 6.09. Headings . The article, section and paragraph headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.

Section 6.10. Waivers of Default . Waiver by any Party hereto of any default by the other Party hereto of any provision of this Agreement shall not be deemed a waiver by the waiving Party of any subsequent or other default.

Section 6.11. Amendments . No provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed waived, amended, supplemented or modified by any Party hereto, unless such waiver, amendment, supplement or modification is in writing and signed by the authorized representative of each Party.

Section 6.12. Interpretation . Words in the singular shall be held to include the plural and vice versa and words of one gender shall be held to include the other gender as the context requires. The terms “hereof,” “herein” “and “herewith” and words of similar import, unless otherwise stated, shall be construed to refer to this Agreement as a whole (including all of the schedules, exhibits and appendices hereto) and not to any particular provision of this Agreement. Article and Section references are to the articles and sections of this Agreement unless otherwise specified. Any reference herein to this Agreement, unless otherwise stated, shall be construed to refer to this Agreement as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, as permitted by Section 6.10 . The word “including” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall mean “including, without limitation,” unless the context otherwise requires or unless otherwise specified. The word “or” shall not be exclusive.

[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]

 

10


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives.

 

ARAMARK HOLDINGS CORPORATION
By:  

/s/ Joseph Munnelly

Name:   Joseph Munnelly
Title:   SVP, Controller & CAO

 

11


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives.

 

SEAMLESS HOLDINGS CORPORATION
By:  

/s/ Michael J. O’Hara

Name:   Michael J. O’Hara
Title:   Vice President

 

12


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives.

 

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS, INC.
By:  

/s/ Matt Maloney

Name:   Matt Maloney
Title:   President

 

13

Exhibit 10.7

EXECUTION VERSION

 

REORGANIZATION AND CONTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

BY AND AMONG

SEAMLESS NORTH AMERICA, LLC,

GRUBHUB, INC.,

GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.,

PIZZA 1 CO.,

PIZZA 2 CO.,

SLW INVESTOR, LLC,

AND

SEAMLESS HOLDINGS CORPORATION

 

Dated as of May 19, 2013


Table of Contents

 

              Page  

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS

     2   
  1.1    Certain Definitions      2   
  1.2    Table of Defined Terms      15   

ARTICLE II THE REORGANIZATION AND CONTRIBUTION

     18   
  2.1    The Closing      18   
  2.2    The Deep Dish Recapitalization      18   
  2.3    The Deep Dish Merger      18   
  2.4    The Thin Crust Merger      20   
  2.5    The Contribution      22   
  2.6    Post-Contribution Parent Officers      22   
  2.7    Exchange      22   
  2.8    Appraisal Rights      23   
  2.9    Withholding      24   

ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF DEEP DISH

     24   
  3.1    Organization, Existence and Authority      24   
  3.2    Capitalization; Subsidiaries; Investments      25   
  3.3    Authorization      26   
  3.4    Consents and Approvals; No Violations      27   
  3.5    Financial Statements      28   
  3.6    Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities      28   
  3.7    Absence of Certain Changes or Events      29   
  3.8    Litigation      30   
  3.9    Contracts      30   
  3.10    Compliance with Laws      31   
  3.11    Employment and Labor Relations      31   
  3.12    Affiliate Transactions      32   
  3.13    Environmental Matters      33   
  3.14    ERISA Compliance      33   
  3.15    Insurance Coverage      35   
  3.16    Taxes      35   
  3.17    Title to Properties; Condition of Assets      37   
  3.18    Intellectual Property      38   
  3.19    Customers      40   
  3.20    Suppliers      40   
  3.21    Illegal Payments      41   
  3.22    Sales Incentives      41   
  3.23    Broker’s Fee      41   

ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THIN CRUST

     41   
  4.1    Organization, Existence and Authority      41   
  4.2    Capitalization; Subsidiaries; Investments      41   


              Page  
  4.3    Authorization      43   
  4.4    Consents and Approvals; No Violations      43   
  4.5    Financial Statements      44   
  4.6    Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities      44   
  4.7    Absence of Certain Changes or Events      44   
  4.8    Litigation      46   
  4.9    Contracts      46   
  4.10    Compliance with Laws      46   
  4.11    Employment and Labor Relations      47   
  4.12    Affiliate Transactions      48   
  4.13    Environmental Matters      48   
  4.14    ERISA Compliance      49   
  4.15    Insurance Coverage      50   
  4.16    Taxes      51   
  4.17    Title to Properties; Condition of Assets      52   
  4.18    Intellectual Property      53   
  4.19    Customers      56   
  4.20    Suppliers      56   
  4.21    Illegal Payments      56   
  4.22    Sales Incentives      56   
  4.23    Broker’s Fee      57   

ARTICLE V REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE THIN CRUST EQUITYHOLDERS

     57   
  5.1    Representations and Warranties of Thin Crust Equityholder LLC      57   
  5.2    Representations and Warranties of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp      58   
  5.3    Representations and Warranties of Joining Thin Crust Equityholders      62   

ARTICLE VI COVENANTS AND AGREEMENTS

     63   
  6.1    Conduct of Business Pending the Closing      63   
  6.2    Access to Information; Confidentiality      64   
  6.3    Efforts; Further Assurances Generally      65   
  6.4    HSR Approval; Consents and Approvals of Governmental Entities Generally      66   
  6.5    Public Announcements      67   
  6.6    Exclusivity      67   
  6.7    Reserved.      68   
  6.8    Option Matters      68   
  6.9    Insurance Policies      69   
  6.10    Code Section 280G      70   
  6.11    Repurchase      70   

ARTICLE VII CONDITIONS TO CLOSING

     71   
  7.1    Mutual Conditions      71   
  7.2    Additional Conditions to Obligations of Parent, Deep Dish, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub      72   
  7.3    Additional Conditions to Obligations of Thin Crust, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and Thin Crust Equityholder Corp.      73   


ARTICLE VIII TERMINATION; FEES AND EXPENSES

     74   
  8.1    Termination      74   
  8.2    Effect of Termination      76   
  8.3    Fees and Expenses      76   

ARTICLE IX SURVIVAL AND INDEMNIFICATION

     76   
  9.1    In General; Survival of Representations and Warranties      76   
  9.2    Indemnification      77   
  9.3    Limitations on Indemnification Obligations      79   
  9.4    Indemnification Procedures      80   
  9.5    Settlement of Indemnification Claims      82   
  9.6    Exclusive Remedy      86   
  9.7    Termination Upon IPO or Change of Control      86   
  9.8    Tax Treatment of Indemnification      87   
  9.9    Purpose of Indemnification      87   

ARTICLE X TAX MATTERS

     87   
  10.1    Transfer Taxes      87   
  10.2    Cooperation on Tax Matters      87   
  10.3    Filing of Tax Returns      87   
  10.4    Tax Proration      89   
  10.5    Contest Provisions      90   
  10.6    FIRPTA Certificate      91   
  10.7    Overlap      91   
  10.8    Additional Tax Matters      91   

ARTICLE XI MISCELLANEOUS

     92   
  11.1    Amendment      92   
  11.2    Thin Crust Equityholder Representative      92   
  11.3    Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative      93   
  11.4    Deep Dish Stockholder Representative      94   
  11.5    Waiver      94   
  11.6    Notices      95   
  11.7    Specific Performance      98   
  11.8    Interpretation      99   
  11.9    Severability      100   
  11.10    Entire Agreement      100   
  11.11    Binding Effect; Third Party Beneficiaries; Assignment      100   
  11.12    Failure or Indulgence Not Waiver      100   
  11.13    Governing Law      100   
  11.14    CONSENT TO JURISDICTION      100   
  11.15    WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL      101   
  11.16    Counterparts; Electronic Signatures      101   


EXHIBITS     

Exhibit A

  –      Joinder Agreement

Exhibit B

  –      Parent Stockholders’ Agreement

Exhibit C

  –      Tax Matters Agreement

Exhibit D

  –      Registration Rights Agreement

Exhibit E

  –      Amended Deep Dish Charter

Exhibit F

  –      Amended Parent Charter

Exhibit G

  –      Deep Dish Certificate of Merger

Exhibit H

  –      Deep Dish Surviving Corporation Charter

Exhibit I

  –      Thin Crust Certificate of Merger

Exhibit J

  –      Stock Repurchase Agreement

Exhibit K

  –      Option Plan


REORGANIZATION AND CONTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

This REORGANIZATION AND CONTRIBUTION AGREEMENT , dated as of May 19, 2013 (this “ Agreement ”), is by and among Seamless North America, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“ Thin Crust ”), GrubHub, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ Deep Dish ”), GrubHub Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Deep Dish (“ Parent ”), Pizza 1 Co., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (“ DD Acquisition Sub ”), Pizza 2 Co., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“ TC Acquisition Sub ”), SLW Investor, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“ Thin Crust Equityholder LLC ”), Seamless Holdings Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“ Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. ”) and the other equityholders (the “ Joining Thin Crust Equityholders ”) of Thin Crust who become party hereto by executing a joinder agreement in the form attached as Exhibit A (a “ Joinder Agreement ”). Benjamin C. Spero, an individual (“ Thin Crust Equityholder Representative ”), Justin Sadrian, an individual (“ Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative ”) and Steven Spurlock, an individual (“ Deep Dish Stockholder Representative ”) are each parties to this Agreement solely in their respective capacities as representatives of the Thin Crust Equityholders, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders and Deep Dish Stockholders, respectively.

WHEREAS , Thin Crust, together with its Subsidiaries, provides online and mobile food ordering services (the “ Thin Crust Business ”);

WHEREAS , Deep Dish, together with its Subsidiaries, provides online and mobile food ordering services (the “ Deep Dish Business ”);

WHEREAS , Thin Crust and Deep Dish wish to combine the Thin Crust Business and the Deep Dish Business (as so combined, the “ Business ”);

WHEREAS , the boards of directors or boards of managers, as applicable, of each of Thin Crust, Deep Dish, Parent, DD Acquisition Sub, TC Acquisition Sub, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. have approved this Agreement and deem it advisable and in the best interests of their respective stockholders or equityholders, as applicable, to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein;

WHEREAS , the Transactions include (i) the recapitalization of Deep Dish, (ii) the merger of DD Acquisition Sub with and into Deep Dish with Deep Dish as the surviving corporation, (iii) the merger of TC Acquisition Sub with and into Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. with Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. as the surviving corporation, (iv) the contribution by Thin Crust Equityholder LLC of Thin Crust Preferred Units for an equal number of shares of Parent Preferred Stock and the contribution by each other Remaining Thin Crust Equityholder of Thin Crust Common Units for an equal number of shares of Parent Common Stock and (v) the repurchase by Parent of shares of Parent Common Stock and Preferred Stock held by the Deep Dish Sellers;

WHEREAS , the Deep Dish Recapitalization is intended to qualify as a “reorganization” pursuant to Section 368(a)(1)(E) of the Code;

 

1


WHEREAS , the Organization Transactions are part of an integrated transaction in which (i) each Deep Dish stockholder, (ii) each Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. stockholder, (iii) Thin Crust Equityholder LLC, and (iv) the other Remaining Thin Crust Equityholders are treated as transferring (a) Deep Dish shares, (b) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. shares, (c) Thin Crust Preferred Units, and (d) Thin Crust Common Units, respectively, to Parent in a transaction qualifying under section 351 of the Code;

WHEREAS , it is intended that (i) the Thin Crust Merger qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code and (ii) this Agreement shall constitute a “plan of reorganization” within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.368-2(g) with respect to such transaction;

WHEREAS , it is intended that (i) the Deep Dish Merger qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code and (ii) this Agreement shall constitute a “plan of reorganization” within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.368-2(g) with respect to such transaction;

WHEREAS , simultaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement certain stockholders of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., certain stockholders of Deep Dish, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and Parent have entered into a Parent Stockholders’ Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “ Parent Stockholders’ Agreement ”); and (ii) Parent, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. and ARAMARK Holdings Corporation have entered into a Tax Matters Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (the “ Tax Matters Agreement ”);

WHEREAS , prior to or simultaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement (i) Deep Dish has entered into employment agreements with certain employees of Deep Dish (the “ Deep Dish Employment Agreements ”), and (ii) Parent has entered into addendums to employment agreements or letter agreements with certain employees of Thin Crust (the “ Thin Crust Employment Agreements ” and, together with the Deep Dish Employment Agreements, the “ Employment Agreements ”).

NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual representations, warranties, covenants and agreements herein contained, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows.

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

1.1 Certain Definitions . For purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

(a) “ Affiliate ” means any Person that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person. For purposes of this definition, the term “control” (including the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”) means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by Contract or otherwise; provided, however, that the term “Affiliate” excludes any portfolio company owned by any equityholder in Deep Dish or any Thin Crust Equityholder that is a private equity fund or a venture capital fund.

 

2


(b) “ Amended Operating Agreement ” means the Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Thin Crust, by and among Thin Crust, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and Aramark, dated June 6, 2011, as amended pursuant to Amendment No. 1, dated October 14, 2011 and Amendment No. 2, dated November 15, 2012.

(c) “ Antitrust Laws ” means the HSR Act and other similar foreign or domestic competition or antitrust Laws.

(d) “ Aramark ” means ARAMARK Corporation, a Delaware corporation.

(e) “ Business Day ” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or day on which banks are permitted to close in the State of New York.

(f) “ Certificate ” means a certificate representing Equity Securities of a Person.

(g) “ Claim ” means any claim, suit, action, arbitration, charge, complaint, demand, hearing, criminal prosecution, investigation, or proceeding, whether at law or at equity.

(h) “ Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Regulations issued thereunder.

(i) “ Contract ” means any contract, agreement, indenture, note, bond, loan, license, instrument, lease. commitment or plan, whether oral or written, but in each case, intending to be legally binding upon the parties thereto.

(j) “ Court ” means any court or arbitral tribunal of the United States, any domestic state, any foreign country and any political subdivision or agency thereof.

(k) “ Deep Dish Capital Stock ” means, collectively, Deep Dish Common Stock and Deep Dish Preferred Stock.

(l) “ Deep Dish Closing Date Percentage ” means the amount, expressed as a percentage, obtained by dividing (y) the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by all Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis), immediately after giving effect to the Closing; by (z) the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by the Thin Crust Equityholders and the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, collectively (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis), immediately after giving effect to the Closing.

(m) “ Deep Dish Disclosure Schedule ” means the Deep Dish Disclosure Schedule delivered by Deep Dish to Thin Crust concurrently with the execution of this Agreement.

 

3


(n) “ Deep Dish Equityholders ” means the holders of capital stock of Deep Dish immediately prior to the Deep Dish Effective Time.

(o) “ Deep Dish Exchange Ratio ” means 1.01197.

(p) “ Deep Dish Fundamental Representations ” means (i) those representations and warranties set forth in Sections 3.1 , 3.3 and 3.23 and (ii) the representations and warranties contained in the letters of transmittal delivered by the Deep Dish Equityholders in connection with the Deep Dish Merger.

(q) “ Deep Dish Intellectual Property ” means all Intellectual Property owned by Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries, purported to be owned by Deep Dish or a Deep Dish Subsidiary or used or held for use by Deep Dish or the Deep Dish Subsidiaries in the Deep Dish Business. “Deep Dish Intellectual Property” includes the Deep Dish Software Products.

(r) “ Deep Dish Investor Agreements ” means, collectively, (i) the Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement, dated as of September 8, 2011, by and among Deep Dish and the stockholders of Deep Dish party thereto, (ii) the Amended and Restated Right of First Refusal and Co-Sale Agreement, dated as of September 8, 2011, by and among Deep Dish and the stockholders of Deep Dish party thereto, (iii) the Amended and Restated Voting Agreement, dated as of September 8, 2011, by and among Deep Dish and the stockholders of Deep Dish party thereto, (iv) the Amendment to Series E Financing Agreements, dated as of September 19, 2011, by and among Deep Dish and the stockholders of Deep Dish party thereto, (v) the Series A Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2007, by and among Deep Dish and the stockholders of Deep Dish party thereto, and (vi) the Series B Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 9, 2009, by and among Deep Dish and the stockholders of Deep Dish party thereto.

(s) “ Deep Dish Key Employee ” means an employee of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary with a level of seniority or title of a “Vice President” or above.

(t) “ Deep Dish Material Adverse Effect ” means, with respect to Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries, any fact, event, series of events, change, effect or circumstance that, individually or in the aggregate, (i) has had, or would reasonably be expected to have, a material adverse effect on the business, assets, liabilities, results of operations, financial conditions of Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries taken as a whole, other than an effect resulting from a Deep Dish Excluded Matter or (ii) has had, or would reasonably be expected to have, a material adverse effect on Deep Dish’s or any Deep Dish Subsidiary’s ability to consummate the Transactions. “ Deep Dish Excluded Matter ” means either one or all of the following: (i) any change in general economic conditions, capital or financing markets or any change that generally affects any industry in which Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary operates (other than any such change, effect or event materially disproportionately affecting Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries relative to other businesses operating in the same industry and geography as Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries); (ii) changes in laws, Regulations or GAAP (other than any such change, effect or event materially disproportionately affecting Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries relative to other businesses operating in the same industry and geography as Deep Dish and the Deep Dish

 

4


Subsidiaries); (iii) acts of war, terrorism, military actions or any escalation or worsening thereof (other than to the extent any such act materially disproportionately affects Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries relative to other businesses operating in the same industry and geography as Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries); (iv) the parties’ entry into this Agreement or the announcement or consummation of the Transactions; or (v) any action expressly required to be taken pursuant to this Agreement or any matter specifically disclosed in the Deep Dish Disclosure Schedule as a liability (but only to the extent described therein).

(u) “ Deep Dish Material Contract ” means any of the following Contracts or agreements to which Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary is a party:

(i) Contracts between Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary and any other Person relating to the provision by such other Person of food and related products and services through Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary (each such Person, a “ Deep Dish Restaurant Client ”) pursuant to which the aggregate dollar value of orders from Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary to such Deep Dish Restaurant Client for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 was at least $210,000 or for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 was at least $210,000;

(ii) Contracts, excluding those responsive to part (i) above, involving payment by or to Deep Dish or the applicable Deep Dish Subsidiary in excess of $100,000 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 or for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011;

(iii) Contracts with any of the Deep Dish Suppliers;

(iv) Contracts for the employment of any Deep Dish Key Employee or any severance, change-of-control, or employee separation agreement with any Deep Dish Key Employee, or any collective bargaining agreement or Contract with any labor union;

(v) Contracts relating to Indebtedness (including guaranty arrangements) or to mortgaging, pledging or otherwise placing a Lien on any of its material assets, or any guaranty of an obligation of a third party;

(vi) Contracts relating to the ownership of or investment in any business or enterprise (including investments in joint ventures and minority equity investments);

(vii) Contracts limiting the freedom of Deep Dish or any of its Subsidiaries, or that would limit the freedom of Thin Crust or any of its Affiliates after the Closing Date, to freely engage in any line of business or with any Person anywhere in the world or during any period of time;

(viii) Contracts involving the in-bound or out-bound license of Intellectual Property (other than licenses for off-the-shelf software);

(ix) Contracts under which Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary has an obligation to indemnify any other person against any claim of infringement or

 

5


misappropriation of any Intellectual Property (other than pursuant to any Contracts for the provision of any of Deep Dish’s services or Deep Dish Software Products to Deep Dish’s end-user customers or other third parties that have been entered into in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice);

(x) Contracts or group of related Contracts which are not cancelable by Deep Dish or the applicable Deep Dish Subsidiary without penalty or premium on twelve (12) months’ or less notice;

(xi) Contracts with any Governmental Entity;

(xii) acquisition or divestiture agreements, whether by merger, stock or asset sale or otherwise, entered into at any time during the five (5) years prior to the date hereof;

(xiii) the Deep Dish Leases;

(xiv) Contracts under which it is lessee of or holds or operates any personal property, owned by any other party, which involves annual rental payments of greater than $50,000 or group of such Contracts with the same Person which involve consideration in excess of $50,000 in the aggregate;

(xv) Contracts under which it is lessor of or permits any third party to hold or operate any property, real or personal, owned or controlled by it which involves consideration in excess of $50,000 or group of such Contracts with the same Person which involve consideration in excess of $50,000 in the aggregate;

(xvi) Contract appointing any agent to act on its or their behalf or any power of attorney; or

(xvii) partnership, joint venture or other similar Contract, in each case involving a share of profits, losses, costs, or liabilities with any other Person.

(v) “ Deep Dish Permitted Liens ” means: (i) Liens expressly disclosed in the footnotes to the Deep Dish Financial Statements, (ii) non-material Liens or those which arise by operation of Law in the ordinary course of business and which do not detract in any material respect from the value of the property subject thereto or impair the operations of Deep Dish or the Deep Dish Subsidiaries, (iii) purchase money Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business to secure the purchase price of equipment or assets or Liens securing Indebtedness incurred solely for the purpose of financing the acquisition of such equipment or assets, (iv) leases encumbering leased real and personal property and (v) liens for Taxes not yet due and payable or the validity of which is being contested in good faith and for which adequate and reasonable reserves are set forth in the Deep Dish Financial Statements, and all of which contested Taxes are disclosed in Schedule 3.16 .

(w) “ Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders ” means the Deep Dish Equityholders who become stockholders of Parent as a result of the Deep Dish Merger.

 

6


(x) “ Deep Dish Pro Rata Share ” means, with respect to any Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholder, the quotient, expressed as a percentage, obtained by dividing (i) the number of shares of Parent Capital Stock held by such Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholder (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis) by (ii) the number of shares of Parent Capital Stock held by all Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis).

(y) “ Deep Dish Recapitalization Approval ” means the affirmative vote of the holders of at least (i) 66 2/3% of all outstanding shares of Deep Dish Preferred Stock, (ii) a majority of all outstanding shares of Deep Dish Capital Stock, voting together as a single class and (iii) a majority of all outstanding shares of each series of Deep Dish Capital Stock, in each case approving (i) the Deep Dish Recapitalization, (ii) the Repurchase and (iii) the termination of the Deep Dish Investor Agreements.

(z) “ Deep Dish Sellers ” means Michael Evans, Chuck Templeton, Leo Capital Holdings, LLC and Origin Ventures II, L.P.

(aa) “ Deep Dish Shares ” means shares of (i) preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share and (ii) common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of Deep Dish.

(bb) “ Delaware Courts ” means, collectively, (i) any Federal court sitting in the State of Delaware, (ii) the Delaware Court of Chancery and (iii) any other state courts sitting in the State of Delaware.

(cc) “ DGCL ” means the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

(dd) “ Disclosure Schedules ” means the Deep Dish Disclosure Schedule and the Thin Crust Disclosure Schedule.

(ee) “ Employee Program ” means (A) each employee benefit plan within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA, whether or not subject to ERISA; (B) each stock option, stock purchase, bonus or other incentive award, severance pay, deferred compensation, employment, executive compensation, change in control, supplemental income, vacation and similar employee benefit plan, program, policy, agreement, and arrangement; and (C) each other plan or arrangement providing compensation or benefits to any employee or non-employee director. In the case of an Employee Program funded through a trust described in Section 401(a) of the Code or an organization described in Section 501(c)(9) of the Code, or any other funding vehicle, each reference to such Employee Program shall include a reference to such trust, organization or other vehicle.

(ff) “ Equity Securities ” means shares of capital stock, membership or partnership units or interests, or other equity interests, all securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, any of them, and all options, warrants, or other rights to purchase any of them.

(gg) “ ERISA ” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended and the Regulations issued thereunder.

 

7


(hh) “ ERISA Affiliate ” of an entity means any other entity that is or would have ever been considered a single employer with such entity under Section 4001(b) of ERISA or part of the same “controlled group” as such entity for purposes of Section 302(d)(3) of ERISA.

(ii) “ Fundamental Representations ” means, collectively, the Deep Dish Fundamental Representations, Thin Crust Fundamental Representations and Thin Crust Equityholders Fundamental Representations.

(jj) “ GAAP ” means United States generally accepted accounting principles.

(kk) “ Governmental Entity ” means any national, Federal, state, municipal, local, territorial, foreign or other government or any department, commission, board, bureau, agency, regulatory authority or instrumentality thereof, or any court, judicial, administrative, or arbitral body or public or private tribunal.

(ll) “ HSR Act ” means the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended and the Regulations issued thereunder.

(mm) “ Indebtedness ” means, with respect to any Person, all indebtedness (including all accrued interest and any prepayment penalties or fees) of such Person for borrowed money from others, or otherwise classified as “indebtedness” in accordance with GAAP.

(nn) “ Indemnification Committee ” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Parent Stockholders’ Agreement.

(oo) “ Indemnity Issuance ” means any of a Deep Dish Indemnity Issuance, a Thin Crust Indemnity Issuance or a SHC Tax Indemnity Issuance.

(pp) “ Individual Thin Crust Equityholders ” means, collectively, any holder of Thin Crust Units (including the Joining Thin Crust Equityholders), other than Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. and Thin Crust Equityholder LLC.

(qq) “ Intellectual Property ” means (i) all intellectual property rights, including patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, tradenames, servicemarks, servicemark applications, trade dress, logos and designs, software, source codes, copyrights and copyright applications, (ii) rights in know-how, trade secrets and confidential or proprietary information, (iii) any and all other intellectual property rights and/or proprietary rights relating to any of the foregoing, and (iv) goodwill, franchises, licenses, permits, consents, approvals, and claims of infringement and misappropriation against third parties.

(rr) “ IRS ” means the United States Internal Revenue Service.

(ss) “ knowledge ” means, (y) as applied to Thin Crust, the actual collective knowledge of Jonathan Zabusky, Theodore Pastva, Margo Drucker and Karen Miller, and the knowledge that each such person would reasonably be expected to obtain after reasonable due inquiry, and (z) as applied to Deep Dish, the actual collective knowledge of Matthew Maloney, Michael Evans, Adam DeWitt, Ethel Spyratos and Jennifer Haughey, and the knowledge that

 

8


each such person would reasonably be expected to obtain after reasonable due inquiry. For purposes of this definition, “reasonable due inquiry” means due inquiry of the respective direct reports of each such individual.

(tt) “ Law ” means all laws (including any common law), statutes, ordinances, directives and Regulations of any Governmental Entity, including all Orders of Courts having the effect of law in any jurisdiction.

(uu) “ Lien ” means, with respect to any asset, (i) any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, pledge, bailment, levy, encumbrance, charge, easement, rights of first refusal, servitude or transfer restriction or security interest of any kind whatsoever in or on such asset (including the filing of or agreement to give any financing statement under the Uniform Commercial Code or comparable law of any jurisdiction), (ii) the interest of a vendor or a lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or title retention agreement relating to such asset and (iii) in the case of securities, any purchase option, call, appreciation right or similar right of a third party with respect to such securities. For the avoidance of doubt, the non-exclusive license of an Intellectual Property right shall not in itself constitute a Lien.

(vv) “ Loss ” or “ Losses ” means any and all damages (including lost profits, opportunity costs, multiples or similar items), liabilities, losses, diminution in value, deficiencies, obligations, Liens, assessments, orders, actions, causes of action, judgments, Taxes, fines, penalties, costs and expenses (including, subject to Section 9.4 , reasonable fees, disbursements and expenses of attorneys, accountants, consultants and other advisors), as the same are incurred, of any kind or nature whatsoever (whether or not arising out of third party claims and including all amounts paid in investigation, defense or settlement of the foregoing). For purposes of determining any Loss constituting a diminution in value (or similar measure of damages), the parties shall utilize the same valuation methodology used to determine “V” for such Loss pursuant to Section 9.5(b) .

(ww) “ Mergers ” means the Deep Dish Merger and the Thin Crust Merger, collectively.

(xx) “ Material Divestiture ” means any divestiture, abandonment, or other disposition of assets, contracts, or rights that, when combined with any and all other divestitures, abandonments or other dispositions of assets, contracts or rights of either Thin Crust or Deep Dish or their respective Subsidiaries made in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, in the aggregate generated more than 15% of the pro forma combined annual revenues for the Thin Crust Business and the Deep Dish Business for the 12 months ended February 28, 2013.

(yy) “ Multiemployer Plan ” means a multiemployer plan within the meaning of Section 3(37) of ERISA.

(zz) “ Order ” means any judgment, order, decision, writ, injunction, ruling or decree of, or any settlement under the jurisdiction of, any Court or Governmental Entity.

(aaa) “ Organizational Documents ” means, with respect to any Person, each instrument or other document that (i) defines the existence of such Person, including its

 

9


certificate of formation or limited partnership or articles or certificate of incorporation, as filed or recorded with an applicable Governmental Entity, or (ii) governs the internal affairs of such Person, including its partnership agreement, limited liability company agreement, stockholders’ agreement, or by-laws.

(bbb) “ Organization Transactions ” means the Deep Dish Merger, the Thin Crust Merger, the Contribution, and other transactions contemplated by this Agreement (but excluding the Deep Dish Recapitalization and the Repurchase).

(ccc) “ Parent Capital Stock ” means collectively the Parent Common Stock and the Parent Preferred Stock.

(ddd) “ Parent Charter Approval ” means the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding capital stock of Parent (i) approving the filing of the Amended Parent Charter and (ii) electing the individuals who are directors of Deep Dish to be directors of Parent effective immediately prior to the Deep Dish Effective Time.

(eee) “ Parent Preferred Stock ” means the Series A Preferred Stock of Parent, $0.0001 par value per share.

(fff) “ Permits ” means all permits, licenses, and authorizations from, and registrations, with, any Governmental Entity.

(ggg) “ Person ” shall be construed broadly to mean any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, firm, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, Governmental Entity or other entity.

(hhh) “ Pre-Closing Tax Period ” means any Tax period ending on or before the Closing Date.

(iii) “ Repurchase ” means the repurchase of shares of Parent Common Stock and Parent Preferred Stock pursuant to Section 6.11 .

(jjj) “ Registration Rights Agreement ” means the Registration Rights Agreement, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D .

(kkk) “ Regulation ” means any rule, regulation, or binding policy or interpretation of any Governmental Entity.

(lll) “ Related Agreements ” means this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Parent Stockholders’ Agreement and the Tax Matters Agreement.

(mmm) “ Remaining Thin Crust Equityholders ” means, collectively, Thin Crust Equityholder, LLC and the Individual Thin Crust Equityholders.

(nnn) “ SHC Tax Indemnified Parties ” means, collectively, the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders and the Thin Crust Equityholders (other than the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders).

 

10


(ooo) “ SHC Tax Pro Rata Share ” means, with respect to any SHC Tax Indemnified Party, the quotient, expressed as a percentage, obtained by dividing (i) the number of shares of Parent Capital Stock held by such SHC Tax Indemnified Party (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis) by (ii) the number of shares of Parent Capital Stock held by all SHC Tax Indemnified Parties (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis).

(ppp) “ Straddle Period ” means any Tax period beginning on or before the Closing Date and ending after the Closing Date.

(qqq) “ Subsidiary ” with respect to any Person, means any corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or other legal entity of which such Person owns, directly or indirectly, 50% or greater of the capital stock or other equity interests that are generally entitled to vote for the election of the board of directors or other governing body of such corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or other legal entity or to vote as a general partner thereof.

(rrr) “ Tax Closing Date Percentage ” means the amount, expressed as a percentage, obtained by dividing (y) the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by all SHC Indemnified Parties (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis), immediately after giving effect to the Closing; by (z) the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by the Thin Crust Equityholders and the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, collectively (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis), immediately after giving effect to the Closing.

(sss) “ Tax Contest ” means any audit, other administrative proceeding or inquiry or judicial proceeding involving Taxes.

(ttt) “ Tax Returns ” means any return, declaration, report, and claim for refund, or information return or statement relating to any Tax, including any schedule or attachment thereto and including any amendment thereof.

(uuu) “ Taxes ” (including, with correlative meaning, the terms “Tax” and “Taxable”) means (a) any federal, state, local, or foreign income, gross receipts, license, payroll, employment, excise, escheat or unclaimed property, severance, stamp, occupation, premium, windfall profits, environmental (including taxes under Code § 59A), customs duties, capital stock, franchise, profits, withholding, social security (or similar), unemployment, disability, real property, personal property, sales, use, transfer, registration, value added, alternative or add-on minimum, estimated, or other tax of any kind whatsoever, including any interest, penalty, or addition thereto, whether disputed or not, imposed by any Governmental Entity, (b) liability for the payment of any amount of the type described in clause (a) above arising as a result of being (or having been) a member of any consolidated or unitary group or being (or having been) included or required to be included in any Tax Return related thereto pursuant to Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6(a) or any similar provision of state, local or foreign Law or otherwise, and (c) liability for the payment of any amount of the type described in clause (a) or clause (b) above as a result of any obligation to indemnify or otherwise assume or succeed to the liability of any other Person.

 

11


(vvv) “ TC Stockholder Approval ” means the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the TC Acquisition Sub Common Stock approving the Thin Crust Merger.

(www) “ Thin Crust Closing Date Percentage ” means the amount, expressed as a percentage, obtained by dividing (y) the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by all Thin Crust Equityholders (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis), immediately after giving effect to the Closing; by (z) the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by the Thin Crust Equityholders and the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, collectively (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis), immediately after giving effect to the Closing.

(xxx) “ Thin Crust Common Unit ” means a Common Unit, as defined in the Amended Operating Agreement.

(yyy) “ Thin Crust Disclosure Schedule ” means the Thin Crust Disclosure Schedule delivered by Thin Crust to Deep Dish concurrently with the execution of this Agreement.

(zzz) “ Thin Crust Equityholders ” means the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders and the equityholders of Thin Crust (other than Thin Crust Equityholder Corp.) immediately prior to the Contribution.

(aaaa) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders means the holders of capital stock of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. immediately prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time.

(bbbb) “ Thin Crust Equityholders Fundamental Representations ” means (i) those representations and warranties set forth in Sections 5.1(a) , (b) , and (e) , 5.2(a) , (b) , (e) , and (h) , and 5.3(a) , (b)  and (d) .

(cccc) “ Thin Crust Fundamental Representations ” means those representations and warranties set forth in Sections 4.1 , 4.3 and 4.23 .

(dddd) “ Thin Crust Intellectual Property ” means all Intellectual Property owned by Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries, purported to be owned by Thin Crust or a Thin Crust Subsidiary or used or held for use by Thin Crust or the Thin Crust Subsidiaries in the Thin Crust Business. “Thin Crust Intellectual Property” includes the Thin Crust Software Products.

(eeee) “ Thin Crust Key Employee ” means an employee of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary with a level of seniority or title of a “Vice President” or above.

(ffff) “ Thin Crust Material Adverse Effect ” means, with respect to Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries, any fact, event, series of events, change, effect or circumstance that, individually or in the aggregate, (i) has had, or would reasonably be expected to have, a material adverse effect on the business, assets, liabilities, results of operations, financial conditions of Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries taken as a whole, other than an effect resulting from a Thin Crust Excluded Matter or (ii) has had, or would reasonably be

 

12


expected to have, a material adverse effect on Thin Crust’s or any Thin Crust Subsidiary’s ability to consummate the Transactions. “ Thin Crust Excluded Matter ” means either one or all of the following: (i) any change in general economic conditions, capital or financing markets or any change that generally affects any industry in which Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary operates (other than any such change, effect or event materially disproportionately affecting Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries relative to other businesses operating in the same industry and geography as Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries); (ii) changes in laws, Regulations or GAAP (other than any such change, effect or event materially disproportionately affecting Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries relative to other businesses operating in the same industry and geography as Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries); (iii) acts of war, terrorism, military actions or any escalation or worsening thereof (other than to the extent any such act materially disproportionately affects Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries relative to other businesses operating in the same industry and geography as Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries); (iv) the parties’ entry into this Agreement or the announcement or consummation of the Transactions; or (v) any action expressly required to be taken pursuant to this Agreement or any matter specifically disclosed in the Thin Crust Disclosure Schedule as a liability (but only to the extent described therein).

(gggg) “ Thin Crust Material Contract ” means any of the following Contracts or agreements to which Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary is a party:

(i) (a) Contracts between Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary and any other Person relating to the provision by such other Person of food and related products and services through Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary (each such Person, a “ Thin Crust Restaurant Client ”) pursuant to which the aggregate dollar value of orders from Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary to such Thin Crust Restaurant Client for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2012 was at least $500,000 or for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011 was at least $500,000; and (b) Contracts between Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary and any other Person relating to the provision by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary of online and mobile food ordering services to such other Person (each such Person, a “ Thin Crust Corporate Client ”) pursuant to which the aggregate dollar value of orders for such Thin Crust Corporate Client for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2012 was at least $800,000 or for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011 was at least $800,000;

(ii) Contracts, excluding those responsive to part (i) above, involving a payment by Thin Crust or the applicable Thin Crust Subsidiary in excess of $100,000 for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2012 or for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011;

(iii) Contracts with any of the Thin Crust Suppliers;

(iv) Contracts for the employment of any Thin Crust Key Employee or any severance, change-of-control or employee separation agreement with any Thin Crust Key Employee, or any collective bargaining agreement or Contract with any labor union;

 

13


(v) Contracts relating to Indebtedness (including guaranty arrangements) or to mortgaging, pledging or otherwise placing a Lien on any of its material assets, or any guaranty of an obligation of a third party;

(vi) Contracts relating to the ownership of or investment in any business or enterprise (including investments in joint ventures and minority equity investments);

(vii) Contracts limiting the freedom of Thin Crust or any of its Subsidiaries to freely engage in any line of business or with any Person anywhere in the world or during any period of time;

(viii) Contracts involving the in-bound or out-bound license of Intellectual Property (other than licenses for off-the-shelf software);

(ix) Contracts under which Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary has an obligation to indemnify any other person against any claim of infringement or misappropriation of any Intellectual Property (other than pursuant to any Contracts for the provision of any of Thin Crust’s services or Thin Crust Software Products to Thin Crust’s end-user customers or other third parties that have been entered into in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice);

(x) Contracts or group of related Contracts which are not cancelable by Thin Crust or the applicable Thin Crust Subsidiary without penalty or premium on twelve (12) months’ or less notice;

(xi) Contracts with any Governmental Entity;

(xii) acquisition or divestiture agreements, whether by merger, stock or asset sale or otherwise, entered into at any time during the five (5) years prior to the date hereof;

(xiii) the Thin Crust Leases;

(xiv) Contracts under which it is lessee of or holds or operates any personal property, owned by any other party, which involves annual rental payments of greater than $50,000 or group of such Contracts with the same Person which involve consideration in excess of $50,000 in the aggregate;

(xv) Contracts under which it is lessor of or permits any third party to hold or operate any property, real or personal, owned or controlled by it which involves consideration in excess of $50,000 or group of such Contracts with the same Person which involve consideration in excess of $50,000 in the aggregate;

(xvi) Contract appointing any agent to act on its or their behalf or any power of attorney; or

 

14


(xvii) partnership, joint venture or other similar Contract, in each case involving a share of profits, losses, costs, or liabilities with any other Person.

(hhhh) “ Thin Crust Permitted Liens ” means: (i) Liens expressly disclosed in the footnotes to the Thin Crust Financial Statements, (ii) non-material Liens or those which arise by operation of Law in the ordinary course of business and which do not detract in any material respect from the value of the property subject thereto or impair the operations of Thin Crust or the Thin Crust Subsidiaries, (iii) purchase money Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business to secure the purchase price of equipment or assets or Liens securing Indebtedness incurred solely for the purpose of financing the acquisition of such equipment or assets, (iv) leases encumbering leased real and personal property and (v) liens for Taxes not yet due and payable or the validity of which is being contested in good faith and for which adequate and reasonable reserves are set forth in the Thin Crust Financial Statements, and all of which contested Taxes are disclosed in Schedule 4.16 .

(iiii) Thin Crust Preferred Unit ” means a Preferred Unit, as defined in the Amended Operating Agreement.

(jjjj) “ Thin Crust Pro Rata Share ” means, with respect to any Thin Crust Equityholder, the quotient, expressed as a percentage, obtained by dividing (i) the number of shares of Parent Capital Stock held by such Thin Crust Equityholder (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis) by (ii) the number of shares of Parent Capital Stock held by all Thin Crust Equityholders (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis), in each case after giving effect to the Thin Crust Merger and the Contribution.

(kkkk) “ Thin Crust Requisite Stockholder Approval ” means the approval of the Thin Crust Merger (i) in the case of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., by the holders of at least a majority of the common stock, $0.01 par value of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., and (ii) in the case of TC Acquisition Sub, by the holders of at least a majority of the TC Acquisition Sub Common Stock.

(llll) “ Thin Crust Units ” means, collectively, Thin Crust Common Units and Thin Crust Preferred Units.

(mmmm) “ Transactions ” means the Deep Dish Recapitalization, Deep Dish Merger, the Thin Crust Merger, the Contribution, the Repurchase and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

1.2 Table of Defined Terms . Terms that are not defined in Section 1.1 have the meanings set forth in the following Sections:

 

Defined Term

   Section

2012 Deep Dish Balance Sheet

   3.5(a)

2012 Thin Crust Balance Sheet

   4.5(a)

Actual TC Tax Distributions

   10.8(e)

Agreement

   Lead-In

Amended Deep Dish Charter

   2.2

 

15


Defined Term

   Section

Amended Parent Charter

   2.3(a)

Business

   Recitals

Capitalization Representations

   9.1(b)

Closing

   2.1

Cashed Out TC Shares

   2.4(g)(i)

Closing Date

   2.1

Confidentiality Agreement

   6.2

Contribution

   2.5

DD Acquisition Sub

   Lead-In

DD Acquisition Sub Common Stock

   2.3(h)(iv)

Deductible

   9.3(a)

Deep Dish

   Lead-In

Deep Dish Balance Sheet Date

   3.6

Deep Dish Benefit Plans

   3.14(a)

Deep Dish Business

   Recitals

Deep Dish Certificate of Merger

   2.3(c)

Deep Dish Closing Conditions

   11.7

Deep Dish Common Stock

   3.2(a)

Deep Dish Competing Transaction

   6.6(b)

Deep Dish Effective Time

   2.3(c)

Deep Dish Employment Agreements

   Recitals

Deep Dish Financial Statements

   3.5(a)

Deep Dish Indemnity Issuance

   9.5(b)(i)

Deep Dish Leased Real Property

   3.17(b)

Deep Dish Leases

   3.17(b)

Deep Dish Merger

   2.3(a)

Deep Dish Option

   3.2(b)

Deep Dish Preferred Stock

   3.2(a)

Deep Dish Recapitalization

   2.2

Deep Dish Registered Intellectual Property

   3.18(a)

Deep Dish Sales Incentive

   3.22

Deep Dish Sellers

   6.11

Deep Dish Software Products

   3.18(d)(viii)

Deep Dish Stock Certificate

   2.3(i)

Deep Dish Stockholder Representative

   Lead-In

Deep Dish Subsidiaries

   3.2(d)

Deep Dish Subsidiary Interests

   3.2(e)

Deep Dish Substituted Option

   6.8(c)

Deep Dish Supplier

   3.20

Deep Dish Surviving Corporation

   2.3(b)

Disqualified Individual

   6.10

Employment Agreements

   Recitals

End Date

   8.1(b)

Environmental Law

   3.13(b)(ii)

Exchange Agent

   2.9(a)

 

16


Defined Term

   Section

Hazardous Material

   3.13(b)(i)

HSR Act Filings

   6.4(a)

Indemnification Claim

   9.5(a)(i)

Indemnified Group

   9.5(a)(i)

Indemnified Party

   9.4(a)

Indemnifying Party

   9.4(a)

Indemnity Cap

   9.3(d)

Joinder Agreement

   Lead-In

Latest Deep Dish Balance Sheet

   3.5(a)

Latest Thin Crust Balance Sheet

   4.5(a)

Open Source Software

   3.18(d)(ix)

Option Plan

   6.8(a)

Parent

   Lead-In

Parent Common Stock

   3.2(d)

Parent Preferred Stock

   3.2(d)

Parent Stockholders’ Agreement

   Recitals

Permitted Repurchase

   6.1(e)

Recalculated TC Tax Distributions

   10.8(e)

Repurchase Offer

   6.11(a)

Repurchase Period

   6.11(a)

SHC Tax Indemnity Issuance

   9.5(b)(i)

Substituted Options

   6.8(c)

Tax Matters Agreement

   Recitals

TC Acquisition Sub

   Lead-In

TC Acquisition Sub Common Stock

   2.4(g)(iii)

Thin Crust

   Lead-In

Thin Crust Balance Sheet Date

   4.6

Thin Crust Benefit Plans

   4.14(a)

Thin Crust Business

   Recitals

Thin Crust Certificate of Merger

   2.4(c)

Thin Crust Closing Conditions

   11.7

Thin Crust Competing Transaction

   6.6(a)

Thin Crust Effective Time

   2.4(c)

Thin Crust Employment Agreements

   Recitals

Thin Crust Equityholder Corp.

   Lead-In

Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock

   2.4(g)(i)

Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative.

   Lead-In

Thin Crust Equityholder LLC.

   Lead-In

Thin Crust Equityholder Representative.

   Lead-In

Thin Crust Financial Statements

   4.5(a)

Thin Crust Indemnity Issuance

   9.5(b)(i)

Thin Crust Leased Real Property

   4.17(b)

Thin Crust Leases

   4.17(b)

Thin Crust LLC Equityholders

   4.2(a)

 

17


Defined Term

   Section

Thin Crust Merger

   2.4(a)

Thin Crust Option

   4.2(b)

Thin Crust Registered Intellectual Property

   4.18(a)

Thin Crust Sales Incentives

   4.22

Thin Crust Software Products

   4.18(d)(viii)

Thin Crust Stock Certificate

   2.8(b)

Thin Crust Subsidiaries

   4.2(e)

Thin Crust Supplier

   4.20

Thin Crust Substituted Option

   6.8(b)

Thin Crust Surviving Corporation

   2.4(a)

Third-Party Claim

   9.4(a)

Third-Party IP

   3.18(d)(iii)

Waived Parachute Payment

   6.10

ARTICLE II

THE REORGANIZATION AND CONTRIBUTION

2.1 The Closing . Unless this Agreement shall have been terminated and the Transactions abandoned pursuant to the provisions of Section 8.1 , and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in ARTICLE VII , the consummation of the Mergers and the Contribution (the “ Closing ”) will take place in the order set forth in this ARTICLE II as soon as practicable, but in no event later than 10:00 a.m. (Pacific Standard Time) on the third (3 rd ) Business Day (the “ Closing Date ”) following the date on which all the conditions set forth in ARTICLE VII capable of satisfaction prior to the Closing shall have been satisfied (or waived in accordance with Section 11.4 ), unless another time and/or date is agreed to by Thin Crust and Deep Dish. The Closing shall take place at the offices of Goodwin Procter LLP, 135 Commonwealth Drive, Menlo Park, CA 94025, or such other place as Thin Crust and Deep Dish otherwise agree.

2.2 The Deep Dish Recapitalization . Immediately prior to the Closing, Deep Dish shall file an amended and restated certificate of incorporation in the form of Exhibit E (the “ Amended Deep Dish Charter ”), and the Equity Securities of Deep Dish outstanding immediately prior to the filing of the Amended Deep Dish Charter shall be reclassified in the manner set forth in the Amended Deep Dish Charter upon the effectiveness of such filing (the “ Deep Dish Recapitalization ”). Schedule 2.2 sets forth the equity capitalization of Deep Dish as of the date hereof and, based thereon, a sample illustration of the equity capitalization of Deep Dish after the Deep Dish Recapitalization.

2.3 The Deep Dish Merger .

(a) Immediately prior to the Closing, at the Deep Dish Effective Time, DD Acquisition Sub shall be merged with and into Deep Dish (the “ Deep Dish Merger ”) in accordance with Section 251(g) of the DGCL and upon the terms set forth in this Agreement, whereupon the separate existence of DD Acquisition Sub shall cease and Deep Dish shall be the surviving corporation (the “ Deep Dish Surviving Corporation ”).

 

18


(b) The Deep Dish Merger shall have the effects set forth in this Agreement and in Section 251(g) of the DGCL.

(c) Immediately following the Deep Dish Recapitalization and the filing of the Amended Parent Charter, the parties shall cause the Deep Dish Merger to be consummated by filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a certificate of merger in the form attached hereto as Exhibit G (the “ Deep Dish Certificate of Merger ”) and executed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the DGCL, and shall make all other filings or recordings required under the DGCL in order to consummate the Deep Dish Merger. The Deep Dish Merger shall become effective at the time the Deep Dish Certificate of Merger is filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the “ Deep Dish Effective Time ”).

(d) The certificate of incorporation of Deep Dish Surviving Corporation in effect immediately after the Deep Dish Effective Time shall be the certificate of incorporation of Deep Dish, amended to conform to the form set forth on Exhibit H .

(e) The bylaws of Deep Dish Surviving Corporation shall be amended and restated as of the Deep Dish Effective Time to conform to the bylaws of DD Acquisition Sub as in effect immediately prior to the Deep Dish Effective Time.

(f) The officers of Deep Dish Surviving Corporation immediately after the Deep Dish Effective Time shall be the individuals identified on Schedule 2.3(g) . The directors of Deep Dish Surviving Corporation and Parent immediately after the Effective Time shall be the same as the directors of Deep Dish immediately prior to the Effective Time.

(g) At the Deep Dish Effective Time, by virtue of the Deep Dish Merger pursuant to Section 251(g) of the DGCL, and without any further action on the part of Parent, DD Acquisition Sub, Deep Dish or any stockholder of any of the foregoing Persons:

(i) each share of Deep Dish Preferred Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Deep Dish Effective Time shall be converted into one share of Parent Preferred Stock;

(ii) each share of Deep Dish Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Deep Dish Effective Time shall be converted into one share of Parent Common Stock;

(iii) all shares of Deep Dish Capital Stock held by Deep Dish immediately prior to the Deep Dish Effective Time shall be cancelled and extinguished without any conversion thereof; and

(iv) each share of the common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of DD Acquisition Sub (the “ DD Acquisition Sub Common Stock ”) outstanding immediately prior to the Deep Dish Effective Time shall be converted into, and exchanged for, (1) one newly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of Deep Dish Surviving Corporation and (1) one newly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of Series A preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of Deep Dish Surviving Corporation. Each certificate evidencing ownership of shares of DD Acquisition Sub Common Stock shall evidence ownership of such shares of capital stock of Deep Dish Surviving Corporation; and

 

19


(v) each share of Parent Common Stock held by Deep Dish shall be contributed to Parent and shall thereafter be retired.

(h) At the Deep Dish Effective Time, holders of certificates representing shares of Deep Dish Capital Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to the Deep Dish Effective Time shall cease to have any rights as stockholders of Deep Dish, and the stock transfer books of Deep Dish shall be closed with respect to all shares of such capital stock outstanding immediately prior to the Deep Dish Effective Time. No further transfer of any such shares of Deep Dish Capital Stock shall be made on such stock transfer books after the Deep Dish Effective Time. If, after the Deep Dish Effective Time, a valid certificate previously representing any of such shares Deep Dish Capital Stock (a “ Deep Dish Stock Certificate ”) is presented to Deep Dish Surviving Corporation or Parent, such Deep Dish Stock Certificate shall be canceled and shall be exchanged as provided in Section 2.7 .

2.4 The Thin Crust Merger .

(a) At the Thin Crust Effective Time, TC Acquisition Sub shall be merged with and into Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. (the “ Thin Crust Merger ”) in accordance with the DGCL, and upon the terms set forth in this Agreement, whereupon the separate existence of TC Acquisition Sub shall cease and Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. shall be the surviving corporation (the “ Thin Crust Surviving Corporation ”).

(b) The Thin Crust Merger shall have the effects set forth in this Agreement and in the applicable provisions of the DGCL.

(c) At the Closing, immediately following the Deep Dish Effective Time, the parties shall cause the Thin Crust Merger to be consummated by filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a certificate of merger in the form attached hereto as Exhibit I (the “ Thin Crust Certificate of Merger ”) and executed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the DGCL, and shall make all other filings or recordings required under the DGCL in order to consummate the Thin Crust Merger. The Thin Crust Merger shall become effective at the time the Thin Crust Certificate of Merger is filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the “ Thin Crust Effective Time ”).

(d) The certificate of incorporation of the Thin Crust Surviving Corporation in effect immediately after the Thin Crust Effective Time shall be the certificate of incorporation of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. immediately prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time, except that the certificate of incorporation of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. shall be amended to conform to the certificate of TC Acquisition Sub as in effect immediately prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time.

(e) The bylaws of the Thin Crust Surviving Corporation shall be amended and restated as of the Thin Crust Effective Time to conform to the bylaws of TC Acquisition Sub as in effect immediately prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time.

 

20


(f) The directors and officers of the Thin Crust Surviving Corporation immediately after the Thin Crust Effective Time shall be the individuals identified on Schedule 2.4(f) .

(g) Subject to Section 2.8 , at the Thin Crust Effective Time, by virtue of the Thin Crust Merger and without any further action on the part of Parent, TC Acquisition Sub, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. or any stockholder of any of the foregoing Persons:

(i) each share of common stock of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., par value $0.01 per share (the “ Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock ”) outstanding immediately prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time shall be converted into the right to receive that number of shares of Parent Common Stock equal to (A) 62,639,821, divided by (B) the aggregate number of shares of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time and held by Persons other than Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., TC Acquisition Sub or Parent or any direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent, rounded to four decimal places; provided that the number of outstanding shares of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock in clause (B) shall exclude Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock cancelled for cash in lieu of Parent Common Stock pursuant to Section 2.4(i) (the “ Cashed out TC Shares ”) and paid for with funds of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. in excess of the $2,600,000 referred to in Section 5.2(g) , and not with funds of Parent or any of its other Subsidiaries. For the avoidance of doubt, if any Cashed Out TC Shares are paid for with funds of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries (including the $2,600,000 referred to in Section 5.2(g) ), the total number of shares of Parent Common Stock into which the common stock of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. is converted pursuant to this Section 2.4(g)(i) will be reduced by the number of shares of Parent Common Stock that would have been issuable to the holders of such Cashed Out TC Shares.

(ii) each share of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock held by Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., TC Acquisition Sub or Parent or any direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent immediately prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time shall be cancelled and extinguished without any conversion thereof; and

(iii) each share of the common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of TC Acquisition Sub (the “ TC Acquisition Sub Common Stock ”) outstanding immediately prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time shall be converted into, and exchanged for, one newly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock of Thin Crust Surviving Corporation. Each certificate evidencing ownership of shares of TC Acquisition Sub Common Stock shall evidence ownership of such shares of capital stock of Thin Crust Surviving Corporation.

(h) At the Thin Crust Effective Time, holders of shares of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time shall cease to have any rights as stockholders of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., and the stock transfer books of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. shall be closed with respect to all shares of such capital stock outstanding immediately prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time. No further transfer of any such shares of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock shall be made on such stock transfer books after the Thin Crust Effective Time.

 

21


(i) Notwithstanding the foregoing, pursuant to Section 4.7(b) of the certificate of incorporation of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., in the event that, due to restrictions under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or other foreign or state securities law, a Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder may not acquire shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to the Thin Crust Merger, subject to Section 2.7 , Parent shall cause the Exchange Agent to pay such Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder cash in lieu of the Parent Common Stock otherwise issuable to such Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder in the Thin Crust Merger in cancellation of the shares of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock held by such Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder, based on the fair market value of the Parent Common Stock, which is agreed to be $6.28 per share. Upon receipt of such cash, such Thin Crust Equityholder Stockholder shall have no right to receive any other consideration in the Thin Crust Merger. At the Closing, Parent shall deposit with the Exchange Agent by wire transfer of immediately available funds, sufficient cash to fund the purchase of Parent Common Stock pursuant to this Section 2.4(i) based on the fair market value of the Parent Common Stock determined by the Board of Directors of Thin Crust in good faith.

2.5 The Contribution . At the Closing, immediately following the Thin Crust Effective Time, (i) Thin Crust Equityholder LLC shall contribute all of its right, title and interest in and to any and all Thin Crust Preferred Units held by it for an equal number of shares of Parent Series A Preferred Stock and (ii) each other Remaining Thin Crust Equityholder shall contribute all of its right, title and interest in and to any and all Thin Crust Common Units held by it for an equal number of shares of Parent Common Stock (the “ Contribution ”).

2.6 Post-Contribution Parent Officers .

Effective as of immediately following the consummation of the Contribution, the individuals identified on Schedule 2.6(b) shall be appointed to serve as officers of Parent, with the titles set forth across from their names on Schedule 2.6(b) , until their respective successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified in accordance with the DGCL, the Parent Stockholders’ Agreement, and the bylaws of Parent, as applicable.

2.7 Exchange .

(a) Prior to the Deep Dish Effective Time, Parent shall appoint Wilmington Trust, N.A. as agent (the “ Exchange Agent ”) for the purpose of issuing the applicable shares of Parent Capital Stock pursuant to Section 2.3 , Section 2.4 and Section 2.5 for the shares of Deep Dish Capital Stock, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock and Thin Crust Units. Promptly after the Closing Date, Parent shall send, or shall cause the Exchange Agent to send, to each holder of Deep Dish Capital Stock, each holder of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock, and each holder of Thin Crust Units (other than Thin Crust Equityholder Corp.) at the Effective Time a letter of transmittal and instructions (in the form agreed upon by Deep Dish and Thin Crust between the date of this Agreement and Closing) for use in such exchange.

(b) Upon surrender of a Certificate (if the applicable Equity Securities are

 

22


certificated) for cancellation to the Exchange Agent, together with the letter of transmittal, duly completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions thereto, (i) the holder of such Equity Securities shall be entitled to receive in exchange for each share of Deep Dish Capital Stock, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock, or Thin Crust Units as the case may be, the shares of Parent Capital Stock (or the cash consideration set forth in Section 2.4(i) ) that such holder has the right to receive therefor pursuant to the provisions of Section 2.3 , Section 2.4 , or Section 2.5 , as the case may be, and (ii) the Certificate (if the applicable Equity Securities are certificated) so surrendered shall forthwith be canceled. The Exchange Agent shall, promptly after receipt of each properly surrendered Certificate (or upon the receipt of a properly completed letter of transmittal, if the applicable Equity Securities are uncertificated), cause the exchange described in the preceding sentence to be reflected in Parent’s book-entry system to give effect to such issuances (it being understood that in connection with such recording, the Exchange Agent shall round down the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock to which a Person is entitled under this Article II to the nearest whole share). Until so surrendered, each outstanding share of Deep Dish Capital Stock, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock, or Thin Crust Units, whether certificated or uncertificated, will be deemed from and after the Effective Time, for all purposes, to evidence only the right to receive the applicable consideration pursuant to Section 2.3 or Section 2.4 . If any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, Parent may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance of any merger consideration, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate to provide an appropriate affidavit and to deliver a bond (in such sum as Parent may reasonably direct) as indemnity against any claim that may be made against Parent, Deep Dish Surviving Corporation or the Thin Crust Surviving Corporation with respect to such Certificate.

(c) Neither Parent nor either of Deep Dish Surviving Corporation or the Thin Crust Surviving Corporation shall be liable to any holder or former holder of shares Deep Dish Capital Stock, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock, or Thin Crust Units, for any portion of the applicable consideration attributable to each of such shares or units pursuant to this ARTICLE II to the extent delivered to any public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar law.

(d) Any Person who has not surrendered their Certificates in accordance with this Section 2.7 prior to the first anniversary of the Closing Date shall thereafter look only to Parent for satisfaction of its claims for any Equity Securities of Parent issuable (or cash consideration payable) with respect to the shares of Deep Dish Capital Stock, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock, or Thin Crust Units, previously represented by such Certificates without any interest thereon.

2.8 Appraisal Rights .

(a) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, to the extent that the provisions of Section 262 of the DGCL are or prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time may become applicable to the Thin Crust Merger, then any shares of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock that, as of the Thin Crust Effective Time, have not been voted in favor of the adoption of this Agreement and with respect to which appraisal shall have been duly demanded under Section 262 of the DGCL shall not be converted into or represent the right to receive shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to Section 2.8 , and the holder or

 

23


holders of such share shall be entitled only to such rights as may be granted to such holder or holders in Section 262 of the DGCL; provided, however, that if the status of any such share carrying appraisal rights shall not be perfected, or if any such share shall lose its status as a share carrying appraisal rights, then, as of the later of the Thin Crust Effective Time or the time of the failure to perfect such status or the loss of such status, such share shall automatically be converted into and shall represent only the right to receive the merger consideration to which such share is entitled pursuant to Section 2.4 .

(b) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. shall give Deep Dish and Thin Crust Equityholder LLC (i) prompt notice of any written demand received by Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time to require Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. to purchase shares of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL and of any other demand, notice or instrument delivered to Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time pursuant to the DGCL, and (ii) the opportunity to participate in all negotiations and proceedings with respect to any such demand, notice or instrument. Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. shall not make any payment or settlement offer prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time with respect to any such demand unless Deep Dish and Thin Crust Equityholder LLC shall have consented in writing to such payment or settlement offer.

2.9 Withholding . Parent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any payment otherwise paid or delivered in connection with the Transactions to any recipient such amounts that Parent is required to deduct and withhold with respect to any such payments or deliveries under the Code or any provision of state, local, provincial or foreign Law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld and paid over to the appropriate Governmental Entity by Parent, such withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid or delivered to the recipient in respect of whom such withholding was made.

ARTICLE III

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF DEEP DISH

Subject to the qualifications and exceptions set forth in the Deep Dish Disclosure Schedule, Deep Dish hereby represents and warrants to Thin Crust as follows.

3.1 Organization, Existence and Authority .

(a) Deep Dish has been duly formed and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of Delaware and has all requisite organizational power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted. Deep Dish is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction listed on Schedule 3.1 , which constitute all of the jurisdictions in which the conduct of the business or the ownership, leasing, holding or use of its properties makes such qualification necessary, except such other jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing would not reasonably be expected to have a Deep Dish Material Adverse Effect.

(b) Each of Parent, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub has been duly formed and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of Delaware and has all requisite organizational power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted and has been newly formed solely for purposes of the Transactions.

 

24


3.2 Capitalization; Subsidiaries; Investments .

(a) The authorized capital stock of Deep Dish consists of 70,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“ Deep Dish Common Stock ”) and 49,280,511 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“ Deep Dish Preferred Stock ”). On the date hereof, (i) 13,858,570 shares of Deep Dish Common Stock are issued and outstanding and (ii) 48,181,051 shares of Deep Dish Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding. As of the date hereof, all outstanding shares of Deep Dish Common Stock and Deep Dish Preferred Stock are owned of record by the Persons set forth on Schedule 3.2(a) in the amounts set forth opposite their respective names. Except as set forth in this Section 3.2(a) and on Schedule 3.2(b) , there are no Equity Securities of Deep Dish, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for Equity Securities of Deep Dish, outstanding as of the date hereof. Upon consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Deep Dish Recapitalization, the authorized capital stock of Deep Dish will consist of 330,000,000 shares of Deep Dish Common Stock and 38,568,233 shares of Deep Dish Preferred Stock.

(b) Schedule 3.2(b) sets forth each outstanding option to purchase Equity Securities of Deep Dish (each, a “ Deep Dish Option ”), including the name of the holder of such Deep Dish Option, the date of grant or issuance of such Deep Dish Option, the number of shares of Deep Dish Common Stock subject to such Deep Dish Option, the exercise price per share of such Deep Dish Option, the extent to which such Deep Dish Option is vested to the date of this Agreement and whether and to what extent the vesting and exercisability of such Deep Dish Option may accelerate in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (alone or in combination with any other event, whether actual or contingent).

(c) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.2(c) , there are no (i) voting trusts, proxies, or other agreements or understandings with respect to the Equity Securities of Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries to which Deep Dish, any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries or any of the Deep Dish Equityholders is a party, by which Deep Dish, any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries or any of the Deep Dish Equityholders is bound, or of which Deep Dish has knowledge, or (ii) agreements or understandings to which Deep Dish, any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries or any of the Deep Dish Equityholders is a party, by which Deep Dish, any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries or any of the Deep Dish Equityholders is bound, or of which Deep Dish has knowledge relating to preemptive rights relating to any Equity Securities of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, or the registration, sale or transfer (including agreements relating to rights of first refusal, “co-sale” rights or “drag-along” rights) of any Equity Securities of Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Related Agreements and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby does not implicate any rights or obligations under the Organizational Documents of Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries that have not been complied with or waived.

(d) Schedule 3.2(d) sets forth a true and correct list of all Subsidiaries of Deep Dish, including Parent, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub (each, a “ Deep Dish Subsidiary ” and collectively, the “ Deep Dish Subsidiaries ”). The authorized capital stock of

 

25


Parent consists of 100 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“ Parent Common Stock ”). On the date hereof, 100 shares of Parent Common Stock are issued and outstanding. The authorized capital stock of DD Acquisition Sub consists of 100 shares of DD Acquisition Sub Common Stock. On the date hereof, 100 shares of DD Acquisition Sub Common Stock are issued and outstanding. The authorized capital stock of TC Acquisition Sub consists of 100 shares of TC Acquisition Sub Common Stock. On the date hereof, 100 shares of TC Acquisition Sub Common Stock are issued and outstanding.

(e) Deep Dish owns, free and clear of all Liens, 100% of all issued and outstanding Equity Securities of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries (the “ Deep Dish Subsidiary Interests ”), and except for the Deep Dish Subsidiary Interests, neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary owns any Equity Securities in, or controls, directly or indirectly, any other Person, and neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary is, directly or indirectly, a party to, member of or participant in any partnership, joint venture or similar business entity.

(f) Each Deep Dish Subsidiary is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing (to the extent applicable) under the laws of its jurisdiction of formation. Each Deep Dish Subsidiary has all requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as currently conducted, except where the failure to have such power and authority would not reasonably be expected to have a Deep Dish Material Adverse Effect. Each Deep Dish Subsidiary is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing (to the extent applicable) as a foreign entity in each jurisdiction listed on Schedule 3.2(f), which constitute all of the jurisdictions in which the conduct of its business or the ownership, leasing, holding or use of its properties makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing would not reasonably be expected to have a Deep Dish Material Adverse Effect.

(g) The Deep Dish Subsidiary Interests are as set forth in Schedule 3.2(g). All outstanding Equity Securities of each Deep Dish Subsidiary (i) have been duly authorized and validly issued and not subject to preemptive rights or similar rights created by statute, the Organizational Documents of such Deep Dish Subsidiary or any agreement to which such Deep Dish Subsidiary is a party, and (ii) have been offered, sold, issued and delivered by such Deep Dish Subsidiary in compliance with all applicable Laws. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.2(g), such Deep Dish Subsidiary does not have any other Equity Securities (whether voting or non-voting) authorized, designated, issued, reserved for issuance, issuable or outstanding and there are no securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for Equity Securities of any Deep Dish Subsidiary outstanding as of the date hereof.

(h) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.2(h), Deep Dish is the record and beneficial owner of the Deep Dish Subsidiary Interests free and clear of all Liens and, at the Closing upon consummation of the Contribution, Thin Crust will acquire the Deep Dish Subsidiary Interests free and clear of all Liens other than Liens constituting Deep Dish Permitted Liens.

3.3 Authorization

.

 

26


(a) Deep Dish has the requisite corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the Related Agreements and to consummate the Transactions. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Related Agreements and the consummation by Deep Dish of the Transactions, have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Deep Dish. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Deep Dish and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of Deep Dish enforceable against Deep Dish in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance and other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and general equitable principles.

(b) Each of Parent, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub has the requisite corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the Related Agreements and to consummate the Transactions to which each is a party. Except for (i) the Deep Dish Recapitalization Approval, (ii) the Parent Charter Approval, and (iii) the TC Stockholder Approval, the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Related Agreements and the consummation by each of Parent, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub of the Transactions, have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Parent, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub, as applicable. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Parent, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of each such Deep Dish Subsidiary enforceable against each such Deep Dish Subsidiary in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance and other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and general equitable principles. The TC Stockholder Approval is the only stockholder approval of TC Acquisition Sub necessary to consummate the Mergers. The Deep Dish Recapitalization Approval is the only stockholder approval of Deep Dish necessary to consummate the Deep Dish Recapitalization. The Parent Charter Approval is the only stockholder approval of Parent necessary to effect the filing the Amended Parent Charter.

3.4 Consents and Approvals; No Violations .

(a) No consent, approval or authorization of, or designation, declaration or filing with, any Governmental Entity or any party to any Deep Dish Material Contract or Deep Dish Lease is required to be obtained in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Related Agreements, except where the failure to obtain or make any such consent, approval authorization, designation, declaration or filing (i) would not be material to the Deep Dish Business and (ii) as set forth on Schedule 3.4 .

(b) The execution and delivery by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary of this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary is or will be a party and the consummation of the Transactions, do not and will not (i) conflict with or result in any breach of any provision of the Organizational Documents of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien of any nature upon the properties or assets of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, (iii) except as set forth on Schedule 3.4 , result in a violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without due notice or lapse of time or both) a default (or give rise to any right of termination, amendment, cancellation or acceleration) under, any Deep Dish Material Contract or Deep Dish Lease, or (iv) violate in any material respect any Law or Order applicable to Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary or any of their respective properties or assets.

 

27


(c) Assuming (i) the Thin Crust Requisite Stockholder Approval, (ii) the Deep Dish Recapitalization Approval, and (iii) Parent Charter Approval are obtained, the execution and delivery by Parent, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub of this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which such Deep Dish Subsidiary is or will be a party and the consummation of the Transactions to which such Deep Dish Subsidiary is a party, do not and will not (i) conflict with or result in any breach of any provision of the Organizational Documents of such Deep Dish Subsidiary, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien of any nature upon the properties or assets of such Deep Dish Subsidiary, (iii) except as set forth on Schedule 3.4, result in a violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without due notice or lapse of time or both) a default (or give rise to any right of termination, amendment, cancellation or acceleration) under, any Deep Dish Material Contract or Deep Dish Lease, or (iv) violate in any material respect any Law or Order applicable to such Deep Dish Subsidiary or any of their respective properties or assets.

3.5 Financial Statements .

(a) Deep Dish has made available to Thin Crust the following information (collectively, the “ Deep Dish Financial Statements ”): (i) the audited consolidated balance sheet of Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries, as of December 31, 2012 (the “ 2012 Deep Dish Balance Sheet ”) and December 31, 2011, and the related audited consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the fiscal years then ended, and (ii) the unaudited consolidated balance sheet of Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries, as of February 28, 2013 (the “ Latest Deep Dish Balance Sheet ”), and the related unaudited consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the two (2) month period then ended, subject to normal year-end adjustments, none of which would be material, individually or in the aggregate, and the absence of notes.

(b) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.5(b) , the Deep Dish Financial Statements present fairly in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries as of the dates and for the periods indicated, and have been prepared based on the books and records of Deep Dish in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the periods covered thereby (except as set forth in the notes thereto).

(c) As of the date hereof, neither Deep Dish nor any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries has any Indebtedness.

3.6 Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities . Neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has any material liabilities or obligations of any nature, whether accrued, absolute, contingent, asserted, unasserted or otherwise, except liabilities or obligations (a) stated or adequately reserved against in the 2012 Deep Dish Balance Sheet, (b) incurred in the ordinary course of business since the date of the 2012 Deep Dish Balance Sheet (the “ Deep Dish Balance Sheet Date ”), consistent with past practice or otherwise pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, (c) under, and in accordance with the terms of, Contracts to which Deep Dish or

 

28


any Deep Dish Subsidiary is a party, other than in respect of a breach, (d) the Deep Dish Benefit Plans (but not liabilities or obligations from the failure by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary to maintain Deep Dish Benefit Plans in accordance with the terms thereof or applicable Law), or (e) as set forth on Schedule 3.6 .

3.7 Absence of Certain Changes or Events . Except as set forth on Schedule 3.7 , since the Deep Dish Balance Sheet Date there has not been any event that has caused or is reasonably likely to cause a Deep Dish Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.7 , since the Deep Dish Balance Sheet Date, Deep Dish has caused the Deep Dish Business to be conducted in the ordinary course consistent with past practices. Without limiting the foregoing, except as set forth on Schedule 3.7 , since the Deep Dish Balance Sheet Date neither Deep Dish nor any of its Subsidiaries has:

(a) redeemed or repurchased, directly or indirectly, or declared, set aside or paid any dividends on (other than dividends paid to Deep Dish or a Deep Dish Subsidiary) or made any other distributions (whether in cash or in kind) with respect to, any shares of its capital stock or other Equity Securities, except for distributions to pay Taxes in amounts calculated consistently with the applicable Organizational Documents or applicable Laws or otherwise made in compliance with Section 6.1(c)(ii) ;

(b) sold, leased, subleased, licensed, assigned, transferred or otherwise disposed of any of its material tangible or intangible assets;

(c) made any material change in its business practices, including, without limitation, any change in accounting methods or practices or collection, credit, pricing or payment policies of Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries;

(d) made any material capital expenditures not provided for in a budget approved in accordance with standard practices;

(e) made any material loans or advances to, or guarantees for the benefit of, any Persons;

(f) instituted, settled, or been made a party to any material Claim;

(g) acquired any other material business or Person (or any significant portion or division thereof), whether by merger, consolidation or reorganization or by purchase of its assets or stock or acquired any other material assets;

(h) made or changed any material Tax election, changed any annual Tax accounting period, adopted or changed any method of Tax accounting, filed any amended Tax Return, entered into any closing agreement with respect to Taxes, settled any Tax claim or assessment, surrendered any right to claim a Tax refund, or consented to any extension or waiver of the limitations period applicable to any Tax claim or assessment;

(i) incurred any Indebtedness or assumed, guaranteed or endorsed the obligations of any Person, except for Indebtedness incurred in the ordinary course of business in a principal amount not, in the aggregate, in excess of $100,000 for Deep Dish and each Deep Dish Subsidiary taken as a whole;

 

29


(j) issued, sold, pledged, disposed of, encumbered or transferred any Equity Securities of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, in each case other than issuances of options under the Second Amended Stock Option Plan of Deep Dish, and issuances of Equity Securities upon the exercise of options granted under such plan (or any predecessor plan);

(k) waived, released, assigned, settled or compromised any material rights or claims, or any material litigation or arbitration;

(l) (i) accelerated or delayed, in any material respect, the collection of notes or accounts receivable in advance of or beyond their regular due dates or the dates when the same would have been collected in the ordinary course of business; (ii) delayed or accelerated payment of any account payable in advance of its due date or the date such liability would have been paid in the ordinary course of business; or (iii) made any material changes to cash management policies;

(m) write up, write down or write off the book value of any assets, individually or in the aggregate, for Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries taken as a whole, in excess of $100,000, except for depreciation and amortization in accordance with GAAP consistently applied;

(n) entered into, or performed, any transaction with, or for the benefit of, any Deep Dish stockholder or any Affiliate of Deep Dish, in each case other than compensation payments made to officers, directors and employees in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; or

(o) committed or agreed, in writing or otherwise, to any of the foregoing, except as expressly contemplated by this Agreement.

3.8 Litigation . Except as disclosed on Schedule 3.8 , (a) there is no, and during the three (3) year period prior to the date hereof, there has been no, material Claim pending or, to the knowledge of Deep Dish, threatened against or affecting Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary and (b) there is no Order outstanding against Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary.

3.9 Contracts . Schedule 3.9 sets forth a true and accurate list of the Deep Dish Material Contracts, other than the Deep Dish Material Contracts with the Deep Dish Restaurant Clients. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.9 , (a) each Deep Dish Material Contract is in full force and effect and enforceable against, and to Deep Dish’s knowledge, by, Deep Dish or the applicable Deep Dish Subsidiary in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to creditors’ rights generally and to general principles of equity, (b) neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary is in breach of or default under (and no event has occurred which with notice or the passage of time or both would constitute a breach or default under) any Deep Dish Material Contract nor, to Deep Dish’s knowledge, is any other party thereto, (c) neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has given nor has Deep Dish or any

 

30


Deep Dish Subsidiary received from any other Person, any notice regarding the existence of any breach of, or default under, any Deep Dish Material Contract and (d) neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has received notice that the counterparty with respect to any Deep Dish Material Contract is terminating such Deep Dish Material Contract. Deep Dish has made available to Thin Crust or its representatives correct and complete copies of all Deep Dish Material Contracts.

3.10 Compliance with Laws .

(a) Each of Deep Dish and each Deep Dish Subsidiary is in compliance, and has complied, in all material respects with all applicable Laws. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.10 , neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has received any written communication since January 1, 2010, nor, to Deep Dish’s knowledge, has Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary received any other communication since January 1, 2010 from any Governmental Entity that alleges that Deep Dish or such Deep Dish Subsidiary is not in compliance with any applicable Law.

(b) Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries hold all material Permits that are required to conduct the Deep Dish Business, such Permits are valid and in full force and effect, and since January 1, 2010, neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has received written notice of any Claim relating to the revocation or modification of any such material Permit. Deep Dish and the applicable Deep Dish Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with such material Permits.

3.11 Employment and Labor Relations .

(a) Each of Deep Dish and each Deep Dish Subsidiary (i) is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable Laws, collective bargaining agreements and arrangements, Orders and binding customs respecting labor and employment, including Laws relating to fair employment practices, terms and conditions of employment, discrimination, disability, fair labor standards, workers compensation, wrongful discharge, immigration, occupational safety and health, family and medical leave, wages and hours (including overtime wages), worker classification, equal opportunity, pay equity, meal and rest periods, and employee terminations, and (ii) with respect to their respective employees (A) has withheld and reported and remitted all amounts required by Law or by agreement to be withheld and reported and remitted with respect to wages, salaries and other payments to employees, (B) is not liable for any arrears of wages, severance pay or any Taxes or any penalty for failure to comply with any of the foregoing, and (C) is not liable for any payment to any trust or other fund governed by or maintained by or on behalf of any Governmental Entity, with respect to unemployment compensation benefits, social security or other benefits or obligations for employees (other than routine payments to be made in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice).

(b) There are no actions, suits, claims or administrative matters pending or, to the knowledge of Deep Dish, threatened against Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary with respect to their respective employees or threatened against any of their respective employees. There are no pending or, to the knowledge of the Deep Dish, threatened claims or actions against

 

31


Deep Dish, any Deep Dish Subsidiary or any trustee under any worker’s compensation policy. Neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary is party to or bound by any conciliation agreement, consent decree or other agreement or Order with any Governmental Entity with respect to employment practices. The services provided by Deep Dish’s and each Deep Dish Subsidiary’s employees are terminable at will, except as set forth in Schedule 3.11(b) , and without liability to Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary. Each Person providing services to Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary has been properly classified as an independent contractor or employee for all purposes, and neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has any direct or indirect liability with respect to any misclassification of any such Person, or with respect to any employee leased from another employer or any employee currently or formerly classified as exempt from overtime wages.

(c) Except as set forth in Schedule 3.11(c) , (a) neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary is a party to any collective bargaining agreement or similar agreement, (b) there are no unfair labor practice complaints pending against Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary or threatened in writing against any of them before the National Labor Relations Board and (c) no strike, labor dispute, slowdown or stoppage is pending or, to the knowledge of Deep Dish, threatened against Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary.

(d) Schedule 3.11(d) contains a list of the directors and officers of Deep Dish and each Deep Dish Subsidiary and each Deep Dish Key Employee, describing for each such Person his or her position or title, business location, and employment or similar agreement, if any. No Deep Dish Key Employee has informed Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary (whether orally or in writing) of any plan to terminate employment with or services for Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of Deep Dish, no such Person has any current intention to terminate such employment or service.

(e) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.11(e) , since January 1, 2010, neither Deep Dish nor any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries has experienced a “plant closing,” “business closing,” or “mass layoff” as defined in the WARN Act or any similar state, local or foreign law or Regulation affecting any site of employment of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, and, during the 90-day period preceding the date hereof, no employee has suffered an “employment loss,” as defined in the WARN Act, with respect to Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary.

3.12 Affiliate Transactions . Except as set forth in this Agreement or on Schedule 3.12 , there are no loans, leases or other agreements or transactions between Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, on the one hand, and any present or former equityholder, member, director, or officer of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, or any of their respective Affiliates, or any Deep Dish Key Employee, on the other hand. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.12 , no equityholder, member, director, or officer of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, or any Deep Dish Key Employee, owns directly or indirectly (through an Affiliate or otherwise), on an individual or joint basis, any interest in, or serves as an officer or director or in another similar capacity of, any competitor of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, any Deep Dish Restaurant Client or Deep Dish Supplier, or any organization which has a Contract or arrangement with Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.12 , no Affiliate of Deep Dish, nor any present or former equityholder, member, director, or officer of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, nor any Deep Dish Key Employee, owns any assets that are used by Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries, or are necessary for use in connection with the Deep Dish Business.

 

32


3.13 Environmental Matters .

(a) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.13 , neither Deep Dish nor any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries or their respective predecessors has generated, transported, used, handled, processed, stored, treated, disposed of or managed any Hazardous Material other than in accordance with all Environmental Laws. No Hazardous Material, other than in accordance with all Environmental Laws, (i) has been or is threatened to be spilled, released, discharged, disposed, or transported from any real property owned, leased or operated by Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries or their respective predecessors; (ii) is present in, on, or under any such property except as necessary for Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries to operate in the ordinary course and in material compliance with all Environmental Laws; or (iii) has been transported from any such property for treatment, storage, or disposal at any other place. Deep Dish and each of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries are, and at all times have been, in compliance in all material respects with all Environmental Laws, and with all Permits required under such Environmental Laws. Neither Deep Dish nor any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries is aware of any fact or circumstance which could involve Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary in any litigation, or impose upon Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary any liability, arising under any Environmental Laws. Deep Dish has provided to Thin Crust copies of all documents, records and information available to Deep Dish and each of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries concerning any environmental or health and safety matter materially relevant to Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries, whether generated by Deep Dish, any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries or others.

(b) For purposes of this Agreement , (i) “ Hazardous Material ” shall mean and include any hazardous waste, hazardous material, hazardous substance, petroleum product, oil or waste oil, toxic substance, pollutant, contaminant or other substance, including asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls or urea formaldehyde foam insulation, that may pose a threat to the environment or to human health or safety, as defined or regulated under any Environmental Law; and (ii) “ Environmental Law ” shall mean any environmental or health and safety-related law, Regulation, rule, ordinance, by-law, condition or binding decision of any government entity at the foreign, federal, state, or local level.

3.14 ERISA Compliance .

(a) Schedule 3.14(a) sets forth a true, complete and correct list of every Employee Program that is sponsored, contributed to or maintained by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary or with respect to which Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary has or may have any liability (the “ Deep Dish Benefit Plans ”).

(b) Each Deep Dish Benefit Plan that is intended to qualify under Section 401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination or advisory letter from the IRS with respect to such qualification, or may rely on an opinion letter issued by the IRS with respect to a prototype plan adopted in accordance with the requirements for such reliance, or has time remaining for application to the IRS for a determination of the qualified status of such Deep Dish Benefit Plan and, to the knowledge of Deep Dish, no event or omission has occurred that would reasonably be expected to cause any Deep Dish Benefit Plan to lose such qualification.

 

33


(c) (i) Each Deep Dish Benefit Plan is, and has been operated in material compliance with applicable Laws and is and has been administered in all material respects in accordance with applicable Laws and with its terms. (ii) No litigation or governmental administrative proceeding, audit or other proceeding (other than those relating to routine claims for benefits) is pending or, to the knowledge of Deep Dish, threatened with respect to any Deep Dish Benefit Plan or any fiduciary or service provider thereof, and, to the knowledge of Deep Dish, there is no reasonable basis for any such litigation or proceeding. (iii) All payments and/or contributions required to have been made with respect to all Deep Dish Benefit Plans either have been made or, if not yet due, have been accrued in accordance with the terms of the applicable Deep Dish Benefit Plan and applicable Law.

(d) No Deep Dish Benefit Plan is, and none of Deep Dish, any Deep Dish Subsidiary or any of their respective ERISA Affiliates maintains or has ever maintained any defined benefit pension plan subject to Title IV of ERISA, Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, a multiple employer plan, as defined in Section 413(c) of ERISA, a multiple employer welfare arrangement, within the meaning of Section 3(40) of ERISA or a Multiemployer Plan, and none of Deep Dish, any Deep Dish Subsidiary nor any of their respective ERISA Affiliates has incurred any liability under Title IV of ERISA that has not been paid in full.

(e) None of the Deep Dish Benefit Plans provides health care or any other non-pension benefits to any employees after their employment is terminated (other than as required by Part 6 of Subtitle B of Title I of ERISA or similar state law) and none of Deep Dish, any Deep Dish Subsidiary nor any of their respective ERISA Affiliates has ever promised to provide such post-termination benefits.

(f) (i) Each Deep Dish Option was duly authorized no later than the date on which such grant was by its terms to be effective by all necessary corporate action, including, as applicable, approval by the board of directors of Deep Dish or an appropriate committee thereof, as applicable, and any required shareholder approval by the necessary number of votes or written consents. Each Deep Dish Option was granted in accordance with the terms of the applicable Deep Dish equity plan and all applicable Laws. The per share exercise price of each Deep Dish Option is no less than the fair market value of a share of Deep Dish common stock on the date of grant of such Deep Dish Option (and as of each later modification thereof within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code) determined in a manner consistent with Section 409A of the Code and no Deep Dish Option is otherwise subject to Section 409A of the Code. (ii) Each Deep Dish Benefit Plan that constitutes a nonqualified deferred compensation plan within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code has been operated and maintained in operational and documentary compliance with Section 409A of the Code and applicable guidance thereunder. (iii) No compensation has been or will be included in the gross income of any “service provider” of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary (within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code) as a result of the operation of Section 409A of the Code.

 

34


(g) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.14(g) , neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of the Transactions could (either alone or in conjunction with any other event) (i) result in, or cause the accelerated vesting payment, funding or delivery of, or increase the amount or value of, any payment or benefit to any employee, officer, director or other service provider of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary; (ii) result in any “parachute payment” as defined in Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code (whether or not such payment is considered to be reasonable compensation for services rendered); or (iii) result in a requirement to pay any tax “gross-up” or similar “make-whole” payments to any employee, director or consultant of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary.

(h) No Deep Dish Benefit Plan is subject to the laws of any jurisdiction outside the United States.

3.15 Insurance Coverage . Schedule 3.15 contains a list of the insurance policies currently maintained by Deep Dish and each Deep Dish Subsidiary. The insurance policies set forth on Schedule 3.15 are in full force and effect. Except for the matters set forth on Schedule 3.15 , there are no claims pending against Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary under any insurance policies set forth on Schedule 3.15 currently in effect and covering the property, business or employees of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, and all premiums due and payable with respect to such policies have been paid to date. Neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has received written notice of any threatened termination of any such policies or arrangements. Schedule 3.15 sets forth by year, for the current policy year and for each of the two (2) preceding policy years, all claims under such policies.

3.16 Taxes . Schedule 3.16 contains a list of the states, territories and jurisdictions (whether foreign or domestic) in which Deep Dish and any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries have filed Tax Returns. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.16 :

(a) Deep Dish and each of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries have timely filed all Tax Returns that are due, taking into account extensions of time in which to file such Tax Returns, and all such Tax Returns are true, correct and complete in all material respects;

(b) all Tax Returns filed since January 1, 2011 have been made available to Thin Crust and all documents relating to any audits or proceedings against Deep Dish or the Deep Dish Subsidiaries by any taxing authority have been made available to Thin Crust;

(c) all Taxes required to be paid by Deep Dish and each of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries (whether or not shown on a Tax Return) have been paid;

(d) the unpaid Taxes of Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries did not, as of the date of the Latest Deep Dish Balance Sheet, exceed the reserve for Tax liability (excluding any reserve for deferred Taxes established to reflect timing differences between book and Tax income) set forth on the face of the balance sheets (rather than in any notes thereto) contained in the Latest Deep Dish Balance Sheet , and since the date of the Latest Deep Dish Balance Sheet, neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has incurred any Tax outside the ordinary course of business or otherwise inconsistent with past practices;

 

35


(e) Deep Dish is and always has been a corporation for U.S. federal, state and local income tax purposes for every state in which it is subject to Tax;

(f) Fango, LLC and HelpUDeliver, LLC are and always have been, partnerships or disregarded entities for U.S. federal, state and local income tax purposes for every state in which they are subject to Tax;

(g) neither Deep Dish nor any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries is a party to any Tax allocation, indemnification or sharing arrangement;

(h) there are no Liens for Taxes upon any of the assets of Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries other than Deep Dish Permitted Liens for Taxes;

(i) no deficiency for any amount of Tax has been asserted or assessed by a Governmental Entity against Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries;

(j) there is no action, suit, proceeding or audit or any written notice of inquiry of any of the foregoing pending against or with respect to Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries regarding Taxes and no action, suit, proceeding or audit has been threatened against or with respect to Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries regarding Taxes;

(k) neither Deep Dish nor any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries has waived any statute of limitations affecting any Tax liability or agreed to any extension of time during which a Tax assessment or deficiency assessment may be made which waiver or extension is still outstanding and no such request has been made by any Governmental Entity;

(l) no claim has ever been made by a taxing authority in a jurisdiction where Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary does not file Tax Returns that either Deep Dish or such Deep Dish Subsidiary is or may be subject to Taxes assessed by such jurisdiction;

(m) neither Deep Dish nor any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries has any liability for Taxes of any other Person under Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign Tax law), as a transferee or successor, by Contract, or otherwise;

(n) Deep Dish and each of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries have withheld and paid all Taxes required to have been withheld and paid in connection with amounts paid or owing to any employee, independent contractor, creditor, stockholder or other third party, and all Forms W-2 and 1099 required with respect thereto have been properly completed and timely filed;

(o) neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has, or has ever had, a permanent establishment in any jurisdiction other than the United States or any State or subdivision thereof, and has not engaged in a trade or business in any jurisdiction other than the United States or any State or subdivision thereof or been subject to tax on its net income in any jurisdiction other than the United States or any State or subdivision thereof;

(p) neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has been a party to a transaction that is or is substantially similar to a “listed transaction,” as such term is defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(2), or any other transaction requiring disclosure under analogous provisions of state, local or foreign Tax law;

 

36


(q) Deep Dish is not an “investment company” within the meaning of Section 351 of the Code;

(r) Neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has taken any action or knows of any fact or circumstance that (or failed to take any action, which failure) would prevent the Organization Transactions from qualifying under Section 351 of the Code; and

(s) notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, Deep Dish makes no representation or warranty as to the existence, amount or availability of any net operating or capital loss carryover of Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries.

3.17 Title to Properties; Condition of Assets .

(a) Neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary owns any real property.

(b) Schedule 3.17(b) contains a list of all real property leases (such real property included in such leases, the “ Deep Dish Leased Real Property ”) to which Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary is a party (the “ Deep Dish Leases ”). Each Deep Dish Lease is in full force and effect and has not been modified or amended except as disclosed on Schedule 3.17(b) . Deep Dish or the applicable Deep Dish Subsidiary holds a valid and existing leasehold interest under each such Deep Dish Lease free and clear of any Liens except Deep Dish Permitted Liens.

(c) The Deep Dish Leased Real Property constitutes all of the real property used, held of use or occupied by Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries in connection with the conduct of the Deep Dish Business.

(d) Neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has received written notice alleging that Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries, as the case may be, is in breach or default under any of the Deep Dish Leases. To the knowledge of Deep Dish, no other party to any Deep Dish Lease is in breach or default under any of the Deep Dish Leases, and, to the knowledge of Deep Dish, no event has occurred which, with notice or lapse of time, would constitute such a breach or default or permit termination or acceleration under any of the Deep Dish Leases.

(e) Deep Dish or the applicable Deep Dish Subsidiary is in peaceful and undisturbed possession of each parcel of Deep Dish Leased Real Property, and to the knowledge of Deep Dish, there are no contractual or legal restrictions that preclude or restrict the ability to use the Deep Dish Leased Real Property for the purposes for which it is currently being used. No Deep Dish Leased Real Property is subleased by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary to any third party.

(f) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.17(f) , all tangible personal property and equipment of Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries is, in the aggregate, in all material respects in good condition and repair, reasonable wear and tear excepted, is usable in the ordinary course of business and is adequate for the uses for which it is presently being used.

 

37


3.18 Intellectual Property.

(a) Schedule 3.18(a) sets forth a list of all registered Intellectual Property, and Intellectual Property that is the subject of an application for registration with any Governmental Entity (including domain name registrations), in each case, owned or purported to be owned by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary (the “ Deep Dish Registered Intellectual Property ”), and the Deep Dish Registered Intellectual Property has been duly registered in, maintained (including the payment of maintenance fees), filed in or issued by the United States Copyright Office, the United States Patent and Trademark Office or any similar office or agency anywhere in the world and are not expired, cancelled or abandoned and, to the knowledge of Deep Dish, are valid and enforceable, except in each case any Deep Dish Registered Intellectual Property that Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, as applicable, knowingly abandoned based upon a reasonable business decision. Deep Dish or the Deep Dish Subsidiaries own all right, title and interest in and to, or has a right to use as currently used in or as currently proposed to be used in Deep Dish’s and any Deep Dish Subsidiary’s businesses, all Deep Dish Intellectual Property, free and clear of all Liens granted by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, other than Deep Dish Permitted Liens; provided, however, that the foregoing is not intended to be a representation with respect to non-infringement, which is addressed in Section 3.18(d) below.

(b) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.18(b) , neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has transferred ownership of, or granted any license (except for the nonexclusive license of the Deep Dish Software Products in object code form, or the provision of any of Deep Dish’s services in the ordinary course of business, in either case pursuant to standard end-user customer agreements that do not materially differ in substance from Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary’s standard forms of such agreements provided to Thin Crust) with respect to, any Intellectual Property to any other Person.

(c) Schedule 3.18(c) contains a complete and accurate list of all licenses and similar agreements pursuant to which Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary holds rights to third-party Intellectual Property (excluding (i) standard, generally commercially available, “off-the-shelf” third-party software products in object code form and standard commercially available services that are not and will not to any extent be incorporated into or used to develop or provide Deep Dish Software Products or any other of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary’s products or services, or (ii) Open Source Software (as defined below) used or held for use by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary for any purpose).

(d) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.18(d) :

(i) neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has received any written notice from any Person challenging in any respect the validity, enforceability, or right of Deep Dish or such Deep Dish Subsidiary to use any Deep Dish Intellectual Property or any rights thereunder (other than office actions and similar communications received from any Governmental Entity in the normal course of prosecuting applications for issuance or registration of any Deep Dish Intellectual Property or any renewals or recordations thereof), including any written correspondence from third parties offering to license patents to Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary;

 

38


(ii) except with respect to continuing obligations under written agreements set forth on Schedule 3.18(b) , neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary has any obligation to grant to any Person licenses or other rights to any Deep Dish Intellectual Property;

(iii) neither the operation of the Deep Dish Business, nor any activity by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary infringes, misappropriates or violates (or in the last three (3) years has infringed, misappropriated or violated) (A) any rights of any Person under any Intellectual Property (“ Third-Party IP ”), other than the rights of any Person under any patent, and (B) to the knowledge of Deep Dish, the rights of any Person under any patent;

(iv) no Deep Dish Intellectual Property is jointly owned by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, on the one hand, with any other Person, on the other hand, and no claim brought against Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary regarding the rights of others in or to any Deep Dish Intellectual Property owned by or purported to be owned by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary is pending or, to the knowledge of Deep Dish, has been threatened in writing;

(v) to the knowledge of Deep Dish, there is no, nor has there been in the last three (3) years any, infringement or violation by any Person of any Deep Dish Intellectual Property owned by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary;

(vi) Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries own all applicable rights, title and interest in and to the Intellectual Property created by all current and former employees and consultants of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary in the scope of the employment or engagement, as applicable, of such employees;

(vii) Deep Dish and all Deep Dish Subsidiaries, as applicable, have taken reasonable security measures to protect the confidentiality of any and all trade secrets owned by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary or used or held for use by the Deep Dish Subsidiaries;

(viii) (A) neither Deep Dish nor any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries has granted any current or contingent rights, licenses or interests in or to the source code of the software products developed by or on behalf of Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries (the “ Deep Dish Software Products ”), and (B) since the development of the source code of the Deep Dish Software Products, neither Deep Dish nor any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries has provided or disclosed the source code of the Deep Dish Software Products to any person or entity other than employees or consultants of Deep Dish or any of the Deep Dish Subsidiaries;

(ix) (A) none of the Deep Dish Software Products contain, incorporate, link or call to or otherwise use open source, free software, copyleft or community source code license (including but not limited to any library or code licensed under the GNU

 

39


General Public License, GNU Lesser General Public License, Apache Software License, or any other public source code license arrangement) (collectively, “ Open Source Software ”), and (B) the incorporation, linking, calling or other use of any Open Source Software by or on behalf of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary in any Deep Dish Software Product does not (1) obligate Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary to disclose, make available, license, offer or deliver any portion of the source code of any Deep Dish Software Product or the subject matter of any other Deep Dish Intellectual Property to any third party other than the Open Source Software or (2) impose any restriction on the consideration to be charged for the distribution of any Deep Dish Software Product (other than the Open Source Software) or the subject matter of any other Intellectual Property owned by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary;

(x) to the knowledge of Deep Dish, the Deep Dish Software Products do not contain any “viruses”, “worms”, “time bombs”, “key-locks”, or any other devices created that could disrupt or interfere with the operation of the Deep Dish Software Products or equipment upon which the Deep Dish Software Products operate, or the integrity of the data, information or signals the Deep Dish Software Products produce;

(xi) immediately following the Closing, Thin Crust will have the same rights and privileges in the Deep Dish Intellectual Property owned or purported to be owned by Deep Dish immediately prior to the Closing; and

(xii) to the knowledge of Deep Dish, the information technology systems used by Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries in connection with the Deep Dish Business, including all computer hardware, software, firmware, and telecommunications systems, perform in all material respects in accordance with their respective specifications and documentation. To the knowledge of Deep Dish, Deep Dish has provided for the recovery and security of all business data that is material to the conduct of the Deep Dish Business, as well the recovery and security of material management information systems, in a commercially reasonable manner.

3.19 Customers . No Deep Dish Restaurant Client that is party to a Deep Dish Material Contract has notified Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary that it has canceled or otherwise terminated its relationship with Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary or has materially decreased its usage or purchase of the services of Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries. No Deep Dish Restaurant Client that is party to a Deep Dish Material Contract has, to the knowledge of Deep Dish, any plan or intention to terminate, cancel or otherwise materially and adversely modify its relationship with Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries or to decrease materially or limit its usage, purchase or distribution of the services of Deep Dish or the Deep Dish Subsidiaries.

3.20 Suppliers . No supplier or vendor, excluding the Deep Dish Restaurant Clients, that Deep Dish and/or any Deep Dish Subsidiary has paid or is under Contract to pay $100,000 or more within the twelve (12) months preceding the date of this Agreement (a “ Deep Dish Supplier ”) has notified Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary that is has canceled, materially modified, or otherwise terminated its relationship with Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, or materially decreased its services, supplies or materials to Deep Dish and the Deep

 

40


Dish Subsidiaries. Schedule 3.20 sets forth all Contracts and other written agreements with Deep Dish Suppliers. To the knowledge of Deep Dish, no Deep Dish Supplier has any plan or intention to do any of the foregoing.

3.21 Illegal Payments . Neither Deep Dish nor any Deep Dish Subsidiary is, or has at any time been, in violation of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (as amended from time to time). Neither Deep Dish, any Deep Dish Subsidiary nor, to Deep Dish’s knowledge, any Person affiliated with Deep Dish or its Affiliates has ever offered, made or received on behalf of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary any illegal payment or contribution of any kind, directly or indirectly, including payments, gifts or gratuities, to any Persons.

3.22 Sales Incentives . Schedule 3.22 sets forth, (i) the aggregate amount (determined in accordance with GAAP) of all sales coupons, sales concessions, sales incentives, allowances, and similar promotional incentives (“ Deep Dish Sales Incentives ”) of Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries that were redeemed during Deep Dish’s 2011 and 2012 fiscal years, and during the period from January 1, 2013 through March 31, 2013, and (ii) the aggregate amount of all Deep Dish Sales Incentives outstanding as of the date of this Agreement.

3.23 Broker’s Fee . Except as set forth on Schedule 3.23 , no broker, investment banker, financial advisor, finder or other Person retained by Deep Dish or any of its Affiliates is entitled to any brokerage, investment banker’s, financial advisor’s, finder’s or other fee or commission for which Thin Crust or any of its Affiliates will be liable in connection with the Transactions.

ARTICLE IV

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THIN CRUST

Subject to the qualifications and exceptions set forth in the Thin Crust Disclosure Schedule, Thin Crust hereby represents and warrants to Deep Dish as follows.

4.1 Organization, Existence and Authority . Thin Crust has been duly formed and is validly existing as a limited liability company in good standing under the laws of Delaware and has all requisite organizational power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted. Thin Crust is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing as a foreign limited liability company in each jurisdiction listed on Schedule 4.1 , which constitute all of the jurisdictions in which the conduct of the business or the ownership, leasing, holding or use of its properties makes such qualification necessary, except such other jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing would not reasonably be expected to have a Thin Crust Material Adverse Effect.

4.2 Capitalization; Subsidiaries; Investments .

(a) As of the date hereof, the number and classes of authorized, issued and outstanding Equity Securities of Thin Crust and the lawful record and beneficial owners of such Equity Securities (the Thin Crust LLC Equityholders ) are as set forth on Schedule 4.2(a) . As of the date hereof, Thin Crust does not have any Equity Securities outstanding, except as set forth in Schedule 4.2(a) . Neither Thin Crust nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any

 

41


obligation (contingent or otherwise) to repurchase or otherwise acquire, retire or issue any Equity Securities, except as set forth in Schedule 4.2(a) . Except as set forth in this Section 4.2(a) and on Schedule 4.2(b) , there are no Equity Securities of Thin Crust, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for Equity Securities of Thin Crust, outstanding as of the date hereof.

(b) Schedule 4.2(b) sets forth each outstanding option to purchase Equity Securities of Thin Crust (each, a Thin Crust Option ), including the name of the holder of such Thin Crust Option, the date of grant or issuance of such Thin Crust Option, the number of Thin Crust Common Units subject to such Thin Crust Option, the exercise price per unit of such Thin Crust Option, the extent to which such Thin Crust Option is vested to the date of this Agreement and whether and to what extent the vesting and exercisability of such Thin Crust Option may accelerate in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (alone or in combination with any other event, whether actual or contingent).

(c) Except as set forth on Schedule 4.2(c) , there are no (i) voting trusts, proxies, or other agreements or understandings with respect to the Equity Securities of Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries to which Thin Crust, any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries or any of the Thin Crust LLC Equityholders is a party, by which the Thin Crust, any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries or any of the Thin Crust LLC Equityholders is bound, or of which Thin Crust has knowledge, or (ii) agreements or understandings to which Thin Crust, any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries or any of the Thin Crust LLC Equityholders is a party, by which Thin Crust, any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries or any of the Thin Crust LLC Equityholders is bound, or of which Thin Crust has knowledge relating to preemptive rights relating to any Equity Securities of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, or the registration, sale or transfer (including agreements relating to rights of first refusal, “co-sale” rights or “drag-along” rights) of any Equity Securities of Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Related Agreements and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby does not implicate any rights or obligations under the Organizational Documents of Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries that have not been complied with or waived.

(d) Schedule 4.2(d) sets forth a true and correct list of all Subsidiaries of Thin Crust (each, a Thin Crust Subsidiary and collectively, the Thin Crust Subsidiaries ).

(e) Thin Crust owns, free and clear of all Liens, 100% of all issued and outstanding Equity Securities of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries, as applicable, and except for such shares or membership interests, as applicable, neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary owns any Equity Securities in, or controls, directly or indirectly, any other Person, and neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary is, directly or indirectly, a party to, member of or participant in any partnership, joint venture or similar business entity.

(f) Each Thin Crust Subsidiary is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing (to the extent applicable) under the laws of its jurisdiction of formation. Each Thin Crust Subsidiary has all requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as currently conducted, except where the failure to have such power and authority would not reasonably be expected to have a Thin Crust Material Adverse Effect.

 

42


Each Thin Crust Subsidiary is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing (to the extent applicable) as a foreign entity in each jurisdiction listed on Schedule 4.2(f) , which constitute all of the jurisdictions in which the conduct of its business or the ownership, leasing, holding or use of its properties makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing would not reasonably be expected to have a Thin Crust Material Adverse Effect.

(g) All outstanding Equity Securities of each Thin Crust Subsidiary (i) have been duly authorized and validly issued and not subject to preemptive rights or similar rights created by statute, the Organizational Documents of such Thin Crust Subsidiary or any agreement to which such Thin Crust Subsidiary is a party, and (ii) have been offered, sold, issued and delivered by such Thin Crust Subsidiary in compliance with all applicable Laws. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.2(g) , such Thin Crust Subsidiary does not have any other Equity Securities (whether voting or non-voting) authorized, designated, issued, reserved for issuance, issuable or outstanding and there are no securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for Equity Securities of any Thin Crust Subsidiary outstanding as of the date hereof.

4.3 Authorization . Thin Crust has the requisite limited liability company power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which it is a party, and to consummate the Transactions. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Related Agreements and the consummation by Thin Crust of the Transactions, have been duly authorized by all necessary limited liability company action on the part of Thin Crust. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Thin Crust, and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of Thin Crust, enforceable against Thin Crust in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance and other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and general equitable principles.

4.4 Consents and Approvals; No Violations .

(a) No consent, approval or authorization of, or designation, declaration or filing with, any Governmental Entity or any party to any Thin Crust Material Contract or Thin Crust Lease is required to be obtained in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Related Agreements, except where the failure to obtain or make any such consent, approval authorization, designation, declaration or filing (i) would not be material to the Thin Crust Business and (ii) as set forth on Schedule 4.4 .

(b) The execution and delivery by Thin Crust of this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which it is or will be a party and the consummation of the Transactions do not and will not (i) conflict with or result in any breach of any provision of the Organizational Documents of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien of any nature upon the properties or assets of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, (iii) except as set forth on Schedule 4.4 , result in a violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without due notice or lapse of time or both) a default (or give rise to any right of termination, amendment, cancellation or acceleration) under, any Thin Crust Material Contract or Thin Crust Lease, or (iv) violate in any material respect any Law or Order applicable to Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary or any of their respective properties or assets.

 

43


4.5 Financial Statements .

(a) Thin Crust has made available to Deep Dish the following information (collectively, the “Thin Crust Financial Statements”): (i) the audited consolidated balance sheet of Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries, as of September 30, 2012 (the “ 2012 Thin Crust Balance Sheet ”) and September 30, 2011, and the related audited consolidated statements of income, members’ capital and cash flows for the fiscal years then ended, and (ii) the unaudited consolidated balance sheet of Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries, as of February 28, 2013 (the “ Latest Thin Crust Balance Sheet ”), and the related unaudited consolidated statements of income, members’ capital and cash flows for the five (5) month period then ended, subject to normal year-end adjustments, none of which would be material, individually or in the aggregate, and the absence of notes.

(b) Except as set forth on Schedule 4.5(b) , the Thin Crust Financial Statements present fairly in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries as of the dates and for the periods indicated, and have been prepared based on the books and records of Thin Crust in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the periods covered thereby (except as set forth in the notes thereto).

(c) As of the date hereof, neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiaries has any Indebtedness.

4.6 Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities . Neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has any material liabilities or obligations of any nature, whether accrued, absolute, contingent, asserted, unasserted or otherwise, except liabilities or obligations (a) stated or adequately reserved against in the 2012 Thin Crust Balance Sheet, (b) incurred in the ordinary course of business since the date of the 2012 Thin Crust Balance Sheet (the Thin Crust Balance Sheet Date ), consistent with past practice or otherwise pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, (c) under, and in accordance with the terms of, Contracts to which Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary is a party, other than in respect of a breach, (d) under the Thin Crust Benefit Plans (but not liabilities or obligations from the failure by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary to maintain Thin Crust Benefit Plan in accordance with the terms thereof or applicable Law), or (e) as set forth on Schedule 4.6 .

4.7 Absence of Certain Changes or Events . Except as set forth on Schedule 4.7 , from the Thin Crust Balance Sheet Date there has not been any event that has caused or is reasonably likely to cause a Thin Crust Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.7 , since the Thin Crust Balance Sheet Date, Thin Crust has caused the Thin Crust Business to be conducted in the ordinary course consistent with past practices. Without limiting the foregoing, except as set forth on Schedule 4.7 , since the Thin Crust Balance Sheet Date neither Thin Crust nor any of its Subsidiaries has:

(a) redeemed or repurchased, directly or indirectly, or declared, set aside or paid any dividends on (other than dividends paid to Thin Crust or a Thin Crust Subsidiary) or made any other distributions (whether in cash or in kind) with respect to, any shares of its capital stock or other Equity Securities, except for distributions to pay Taxes in amounts calculated consistently with the applicable Organizational Documents or applicable Laws or otherwise made in compliance with Section 6.1(c)(ii) ;

 

44


(b) sold, leased, subleased, licensed, assigned, transferred or otherwise disposed of any of its material tangible or intangible assets;

(c) made any material change in its business practices, including, without limitation, any change in accounting methods or practices or collection, credit, pricing or payment policies of Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries;

(d) made any material capital expenditures not provided for in a budget approved in accordance with standard practices;

(e) made any material loans or advances to, or guarantees for the benefit of, any Persons;

(f) instituted, settled, or been made a party to any material Claim;

(g) acquired any other material business or Person (or any significant portion or division thereof), whether by merger, consolidation or reorganization or by purchase of its assets or stock or acquired any other material assets;

(h) made or changed any material Tax election, changed any annual Tax accounting period, adopted or changed any method of Tax accounting, filed any amended Tax Return, entered into any closing agreement with respect to Taxes, settled any Tax claim or assessment, surrendered any right to claim a Tax refund, or consented to any extension or waiver of the limitations period applicable to any Tax claim or assessment;

(i) incurred any Indebtedness or assumed, guaranteed or endorsed the obligations of any Person, except for Indebtedness incurred in the ordinary course of business in a principal amount not, in the aggregate, in excess of $100,000 for Thin Crust and each Thin Crust Subsidiary taken as a whole;

(j) issued, sold, pledged, disposed of, encumbered or transferred any Equity Securities of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, in each case other than issuances of options under the Thin Crust 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, and issuances of Equity Securities upon the exercise of options granted under such plan (or any predecessor plan);

(k) waived, released, assigned, settled or compromised any material rights or claims, or any material litigation or arbitration;

(l) (i) accelerated or delayed, in any material respect, the collection of notes or accounts receivable in advance of or beyond their regular due dates or the dates when the same would have been collected in the ordinary course of business; (ii) delayed or accelerated payment of any account payable in advance of its due date or the date such liability would have been paid in the ordinary course of business; or (iii) made any material changes to cash management policies;

 

45


(m) write up, write down or write off the book value of any assets, individually or in the aggregate, for Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries taken as a whole, in excess of $100,000, except for depreciation and amortization in accordance with GAAP consistently applied;

(n) entered into, or performed, any transaction with, or for the benefit of, any Thin Crust Equityholder or any Affiliate of Thin Crust, in each case other than compensation payments made to officers, directors and employees in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; or

(o) committed or agreed, in writing or otherwise, to any of the foregoing, except as expressly contemplated by this Agreement.

4.8 Litigation . Except as disclosed on Schedule 4.8 , (a) there is no, and during the three (3) year period prior to the date hereof, there has been no, material Claim pending or, to the knowledge of Thin Crust, threatened against or affecting Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary and (b) there is no Order outstanding against Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary.

4.9 Contracts . Schedule 4.9 sets forth a true and accurate list of the Thin Crust Material Contracts, other than the Thin Crust Material Contracts with the Thin Crust Restaurant Clients and the Thin Crust Corporate Clients. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.9 , (a) each Thin Crust Material Contract is in full force and effect and enforceable against, and to Thin Crust’s knowledge, by Thin Crust or the applicable Thin Crust Subsidiary in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to creditors’ rights generally and to general principles of equity, (b) neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary is in breach of or default under (and no event has occurred which with notice or the passage of time or both would constitute a breach or default under) any Thin Crust Material Contract nor, to Thin Crust’s knowledge, is any other party thereto, (c) neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has given nor has Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary received from any other Person, any notice regarding the existence of any breach of, or default under, any Thin Crust Material Contract and (d) neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has received notice that the counterparty with respect to any Thin Crust Material Contract is terminating such Thin Crust Material Contract. Thin Crust has made available to Deep Dish or its representatives correct and complete copies of all Thin Crust Material Contracts.

4.10 Compliance with Laws .

(a) Each of Thin Crust and each Thin Crust Subsidiary is in compliance, and has complied, in all material respects with all applicable Laws. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.10 , neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has received any written communication since January 1, 2010, nor, to Thin Crust’s knowledge, has Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary received any other communication since January 1, 2010 from any Governmental Entity that alleges that Thin Crust or such Thin Crust Subsidiary is not in compliance with any applicable Law.

 

46


(b) Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries hold all material Permits that are required to conduct the Thin Crust Business, such Permits are valid and in full force and effect, and since January 1, 2010, neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has received written notice of any Claim relating to the revocation or modification of any such material Permit. Thin Crust and the applicable Thin Crust Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with such material Permits.

4.11 Employment and Labor Relations .

(a) Each Thin Crust and each Thin Crust Subsidiary (i) is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable Laws, collective bargaining agreements and arrangements, Orders and binding customs respecting labor and employment, including Laws relating to fair employment practices, terms and conditions of employment, discrimination, disability, fair labor standards, workers compensation, wrongful discharge, immigration, occupational safety and health, family and medical leave, wages and hours (including overtime wages), worker classification, equal opportunity, pay equity, meal and rest periods, and employee terminations, and (ii) with respect to their respective employees (A) has withheld and reported and remitted all amounts required by Law or by agreement to be withheld and reported and remitted with respect to wages, salaries and other payments to employees, (B) is not liable for any arrears of wages, severance pay or any Taxes or any penalty for failure to comply with any of the foregoing, and (C) is not liable for any payment to any trust or other fund governed by or maintained by or on behalf of any Governmental Entity, with respect to unemployment compensation benefits, social security or other benefits or obligations for employees (other than routine payments to be made in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice).

(b) There are no actions, suits, claims or administrative matters pending or, to the knowledge of Thin Crust, threatened against Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary with respect to any of their respective employees or threatened against any of their respective employees. There are no pending or, to the knowledge of the Thin Crust, threatened claims or actions against Thin Crust, any Thin Crust Subsidiary or any trustee under any worker’s compensation policy. Neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary is party to or bound by any conciliation agreement, consent decree or other agreement or Order with any Governmental Entity with respect to employment practices. The services provided by Thin Crust’s and each Thin Crust Subsidiary’s employees are terminable at will and, except as set forth in Schedule 4.11(b) , without liability to Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary. Each Person providing services to Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary has been properly classified as an independent contractor or employee for all purposes, and neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has any direct or indirect liability with respect to any misclassification of any such Person, or with respect to any employee leased from another employer or any employee currently or formerly classified as exempt from overtime wages.

(c) Except as set forth in Schedule 4.11(c) , (a) neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary is a party to any collective bargaining agreement or similar agreement, (b) there are no unfair labor practice complaints pending against Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary or threatened in writing against any of them before the National Labor Relations Board and (c) no strike, labor dispute, slowdown or stoppage is pending or, to the knowledge of Thin Crust, threatened against Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary.

 

47


(d) Schedule 4.11(d) contains a list of the directors and officers of Thin Crust and each Thin Crust Subsidiary and each Thin Crust Key Employee, describing for each such Person his or her position or title, business location, and employment or similar agreement, if any. No Thin Crust Key Employee has informed Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary (whether orally or in writing) of any plan to terminate employment with or services for Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of Thin Crust, no such Person has any current intention to terminate such employment or service.

(e) Except as set forth on Schedule 4.11(e) , since January 1, 2010, neither Thin Crust nor any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries has experienced a “plant closing,” “business closing,” or “mass layoff” as defined in the WARN Act or any similar state, local or foreign law or Regulation affecting any site of employment of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, and, during the 90-day period preceding the date hereof, no employee has suffered an “employment loss,” as defined in the WARN Act, with respect to Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary.

4.12 Affiliate Transactions . Except as set forth in this Agreement or on Schedule 4.12 , there are no loans, leases or other agreements or transactions between any Thin Crust Subsidiary, on the one hand, and any present or former equityholder, member, director, or officer or of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, or any of their respective Affiliates, or any Thin Crust Key Employee, on the other hand. Except as set forth in Schedule 4.12 , no equityholder, member, director, or officer of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, or any Thin Crust Key Employee, owns directly or indirectly (through an Affiliate or otherwise), on an individual or joint basis, any interest in, or serves as an officer or director or in another similar capacity of, any competitor of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, any Thin Crust Restaurant Client, Thin Crust Corporate Client, or Thin Crust Supplier, or any organization which has a Contract or arrangement with Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary. Except as set forth in Schedule 4.12 , no Affiliate of Thin Crust, nor any present or former equityholder, member, director, or officer of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, nor any Thin Crust Key Employee, owns any assets that are used by Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries, or are necessary for use in connection with the Thin Crust Business.

4.13 Environmental Matters .

(a) Except as set forth on Schedule 4.13 , neither Thin Crust nor any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries or their respective predecessors has generated, transported, used, handled, processed, stored, treated, disposed of or managed any Hazardous Material other than in accordance with all Environmental Laws. No Hazardous Material, other than in accordance with all Environmental Laws, (i) has been or is threatened to be spilled, released, discharged, disposed, or transported from any real property owned, leased or operated by Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries or their respective predecessors; (ii) is present in, on, or under any such property except as necessary for Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries to operate in the ordinary course and in material compliance with all Environmental Laws; or (iii) has been transported from any such property for treatment, storage, or disposal at any other place. Thin Crust and each of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries are, and at all times have been, in compliance in all material respects with all Environmental Laws, and with all Permits required under such Environmental Laws. Neither Thin Crust nor any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries is aware of any fact or circumstance which could involve Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary in any

 

48


litigation, or impose upon Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary any liability, arising under any Environmental Laws. Thin Crust has provided to Deep Dish copies of all documents, records and information available to Thin Crust and each of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries concerning any environmental or health and safety matter materially relevant to Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries, whether generated by Thin Crust, any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries or others.

4.14 ERISA Compliance .

(a) Schedule 4.14(a) sets forth a true, complete and correct list of every Employee Program that is sponsored, contributed to or maintained by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary with respect to which Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary has or may have any liability (the “ Thin Crust Benefit Plans ”).

(b) Each Thin Crust Benefit Plan that is intended to qualify under Section 401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination or advisory letter from the IRS with respect to such qualification, or may rely on an opinion letter issued by the IRS with respect to a prototype plan adopted in accordance with the requirements for such reliance, or has time remaining for application to the IRS for a determination of the qualified status of such Thin Crust Benefit Plan and, to the knowledge of Thin Crust, no event or omission has occurred that would reasonably be expected to cause any Thin Crust Benefit Plan to lose such qualification.

(c) (i) Each Thin Crust Benefit Plan is, and has been operated in material compliance with applicable Laws and is and has been administered in all material respects in accordance with applicable Laws and with its terms. (ii) No litigation or governmental administrative proceeding, audit or other proceeding (other than those relating to routine claims for benefits) is pending or, to the knowledge of Thin Crust, threatened with respect to any Thin Crust Benefit Plan or any fiduciary or service provider thereof, and, to the knowledge of Thin Crust, there is no reasonable basis for any such litigation or proceeding. (iii) All payments and/or contributions required to have been made with respect to all Thin Crust Benefit Plans either have been made or, if not yet due, have been accrued in accordance with the terms of the applicable Thin Crust Benefit Plan and applicable Law.

(d) No Thin Crust Benefit Plan is, and none of Thin Crust, any Thin Crust Subsidiary or any of their respective ERISA Affiliates maintains or has ever maintained any defined benefit pension plan subject to Title IV of ERISA, Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, a multiple employer plan, as defined in Section 413(c) of ERISA, a multiple employer welfare arrangement, within the meaning of Section 3(40) of ERISA or a Multiemployer Plan, and none of Thin Crust, any Thin Crust Subsidiary nor any of their respective ERISA Affiliates has incurred any liability under Title IV of ERISA that has not been paid in full. Neither Thin Crust nor any of its ERISA Affiliates has any liability with respect to any defined benefit pension plan subject to Title IV of ERISA, Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA that is or was maintained, sponsored or contributed to by Aramark or any of its Affiliates (other than Thin Crust and its Subsidiaries) and in which any employee of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary is or was a participant.

 

49


(e) None of the Thin Crust Benefit Plans provides health care or any other non-pension benefits to any employees after their employment is terminated (other than as required by Part 6 of Subtitle B of Title I of ERISA or similar state law) and none of Thin Crust, any Thin Crust Subsidiary or any of their respective ERISA Affiliates has ever promised to provide such post-termination benefits.

(f) (i) Each Thin Crust Option was duly authorized no later than the date on which such grant was by its terms to be effective by all necessary corporate action, including, as applicable, approval by the board of directors of Thin Crust or an appropriate committee thereof, as applicable, and any required shareholder approval by the necessary number of votes or written consents. Each Thin Crust Option was granted in accordance with the terms of the applicable Thin Crust equity plan and all applicable Laws. The per share exercise price of each Thin Crust Option is no less than the fair market value of a Thin Crust Common Unit on the date of grant of such Thin Crust Option (and as of each later modification thereof within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code) determined in a manner consistent with Section 409A of the Code and no Thin Crust Option is otherwise subject to Section 409A of the Code. (ii) Each Thin Crust Benefit Plan that constitutes a nonqualified deferred compensation plan within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code has been operated and maintained in operational and documentary compliance with Section 409A of the Code and applicable guidance thereunder. (iii) No compensation has been or will be included in the gross income of any “service provider” of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary (within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code) as a result of the operation of Section 409A of the Code.

(g) Except as set forth on Schedule 4.14(g) , neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of the Transactions could (either alone or in conjunction with any other event) (i) result in, or cause the accelerated vesting payment, funding or delivery of, or increase the amount or value of, any payment or benefit to any employee, officer, director or other service provider of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary; (ii) result in any “parachute payment” as defined in Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code (whether or not such payment is considered to be reasonable compensation for services rendered); or (iii) result in a requirement to pay any tax “gross-up” or similar “make-whole” payments to any employee, director or consultant of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary.

(h) No Thin Crust Benefit Plan is subject to the laws of any jurisdiction outside the United States.

4.15 Insurance Coverage . Schedule 4.15 contains a list of the insurance policies currently maintained by Thin Crust and each Thin Crust Subsidiary. The insurance policies set forth on Schedule 4.15 are in full force and effect. Except for the matters set forth on Schedule 4.15 , there are no claims pending against Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary under any insurance policies set forth on Schedule 4.15 currently in effect and covering the property, business or employees of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, and all premiums due and payable with respect to such policies have been paid to date. Neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has received written notice of any threatened termination of any such policies or arrangements. Schedule 4.15 sets forth by year, for the current policy year and for each of the two (2) preceding policy years, all claims under such policies.

 

50


4.16 Taxes . Schedule 4.16 contains a list of the states, territories and jurisdictions (whether foreign or domestic) in which Thin Crust and any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries have filed Tax Returns. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.16 :

(a) Thin Crust and each of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries have timely filed all Tax Returns that are due, taking into account extensions of time in which to file such Tax Returns, and all such Tax Returns are true, correct and complete in all material respects;

(b) all Tax Returns filed since June 6, 2011 have been made available to Deep Dish and all documents relating to any audits or proceedings against Thin Crust or the Thin Crust Subsidiaries by any taxing authority have been made available to Deep Dish;

(c) all Taxes required to be paid by Thin Crust and each of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries (whether or not shown on a Tax Return) have been paid;

(d) the unpaid Taxes of Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries did not, as of the date of the Latest Thin Crust Balance Sheet, exceed the reserve for Tax liability (excluding any reserve for deferred Taxes established to reflect timing differences between book and Tax income) set forth on the face of the balance sheets (rather than in any notes thereto) contained in the Latest Thin Crust Balance Sheet , and since the date of the Latest Thin Crust Balance Sheet, neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has incurred any Tax outside the ordinary course of business or otherwise inconsistent with past practices ;

(e) except for Slick City Media, Inc., Thin Crust and each of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries are and always have been, partnerships or disregarded entities for U.S. federal, state and local income tax purposes for every state in which they are subject to Tax;

(f) Slick City Media, Inc. is a corporation for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes;

(g) neither Thin Crust nor any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries has ever been a “publicly traded partnership” within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code;

(h) neither Thin Crust nor any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries is a party to any Tax allocation, indemnification or sharing arrangement;

(i) there are no Liens for Taxes upon any of the assets of Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries other than Thin Crust Permitted Liens for Taxes;

(j) no deficiency for any amount of Tax has been asserted or assessed by a Governmental Entity against Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries;

(k) there is no action, suit, proceeding or audit or any written notice of inquiry of any of the foregoing pending against or with respect to Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries regarding Taxes and no action, suit, proceeding or audit has been threatened against or with respect to Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries regarding Taxes;

 

51


(l) neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has waived any statute of limitations affecting any Tax liability or agreed to any extension of time during which a Tax assessment or deficiency assessment may be made which waiver or extension is still outstanding and no such request has been made by any Governmental Entity;

(m) no claim has ever been made by a taxing authority in a jurisdiction where Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary does not file Tax Returns that either Thin Crust or such Thin Crust Subsidiary is or may be subject to Taxes assessed by such jurisdiction;

(n) neither Thin Crust nor any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries has any liability for Taxes of any other Person under Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign Tax law), as a transferee or successor, by Contract, or otherwise;

(o) Thin Crust and each of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries have withheld and paid all Taxes required to have been withheld and paid in connection with amounts paid or owing to any employee, independent contractor, creditor, stockholder or other third party, and all Forms W-2 and 1099 required with respect thereto have been properly completed and timely filed;

(p) neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has, or has ever had, a permanent establishment in any jurisdiction other than the United States or any State or subdivision thereof, and has not engaged in a trade or business in any jurisdiction other than the United States or any State or subdivision thereof or been subject to tax on its net income in any jurisdiction other than the United States or any State or subdivision thereof;

(q) neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has been a party to a transaction that is or is substantially similar to a “listed transaction,” as such term is defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(2), or any other transaction requiring disclosure under analogous provisions of state, local or foreign Tax law;

(r) Thin Crust would not be an “investment company” (within the meaning of Section 351 of the Code) if Thin Crust were incorporated;

(s) Neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has taken any action or knows of any fact or circumstance that (or failed to take any action, which failure) would prevent the Organization Transactions from qualifying under Section 351 of the Code; and

(t) notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, Thin Crust makes no representation or warranty as to the existence, amount or availability of any net operating or capital loss carryover of Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries.

4.17 Title to Properties; Condition of Assets .

(a) Neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary owns any real property.

(b) Schedule 4.17(b) contains a list of all real property leases (such real property included in such leases, the “ Thin Crust Leased Real Property ”) to which Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary is a party (the “ Thin Crust Leases ”). Each Thin Crust Lease is in

 

52


full force and effect and has not been modified or amended except as disclosed on Schedule 4.17(b) . Thin Crust or the applicable Thin Crust Subsidiary holds a valid and existing leasehold interest under each such Thin Crust Lease free and clear of any Liens except Thin Crust Permitted Liens.

(c) The Thin Crust Leased Real Property constitutes all of the real property used, held of use or occupied by Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries in connection with the conduct of the Thin Crust Business.

(d) Neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has received written notice alleging that Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries, as the case may be, is in breach or default under any of the Thin Crust Leases. To the knowledge of Thin Crust, no other party to any Thin Crust Lease is in breach or default under any of the Thin Crust Leases, and, to the knowledge of Thin Crust, no event has occurred which, with notice or lapse of time, would constitute such a breach or default or permit termination or acceleration under any of the Thin Crust Leases.

(e) Thin Crust or the applicable Thin Crust Subsidiary is in peaceful and undisturbed possession of each parcel of Thin Crust Leased Real Property, and to the knowledge of Thin Crust, there are no contractual or legal restrictions that preclude or restrict the ability to use the Thin Crust Leased Real Property for the purposes for which it is currently being used. No Thin Crust Leased Real Property is subleased by Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary to any third party.

(f) Except as set forth on Schedule 4.17(f) , all tangible personal property and equipment of Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries is, in the aggregate, in all material respects in good condition and repair, reasonable wear and tear excepted, is usable in the ordinary course of business and is adequate for the uses for which it is presently being used.

4.18 Intellectual Property .

(a) Schedule 4.18(a) sets forth a list of all registered Intellectual Property, and Intellectual Property that is the subject of an application for registration with any Governmental Entity (including domain name registrations), in each case, owned or purported to be owned by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary (the “ Thin Crust Registered Intellectual Property ”), and the Thin Crust Registered Intellectual Property has been duly registered in, maintained (including the payment of maintenance fees), filed in or issued by the United States Copyright Office, the United States Patent and Trademark Office or any similar office or agency anywhere in the world and are not expired, cancelled or abandoned and, to the knowledge of Thin Crust, are valid and enforceable, except in each case any Thin Crust Registered Intellectual Property that Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, as applicable, knowingly abandoned based upon a reasonable business decision. Thin Crust or the Thin Crust Subsidiaries own all right, title and interest in and to, or has a right to use as currently used in or as currently proposed to be used in Thin Crust’s and any Thin Crust Subsidiary’s businesses, all Thin Crust Intellectual Property, free and clear of all Liens granted by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, other than Thin Crust Permitted Liens; provided, however, that the foregoing is not intended to be a representation with respect to non-infringement, which is addressed in Section 4.18(d) below.

 

53


(b) Except as set forth on Schedule 4.18(b) , neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has transferred ownership of, or granted any license (except for the nonexclusive license of the Thin Crust Software Products in object code form, or the provision of any of Thin Crust’s services in the ordinary course of business, in either case pursuant to standard end-user customer agreements that do not materially differ in substance from Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary’s standard forms of such agreements provided to Deep Dish) with respect to, any Intellectual Property to any other Person.

(c) Schedule 4.18(c) contains a complete and accurate list of all licenses and similar agreements pursuant to which Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary holds rights to third-party Intellectual Property (excluding (i) standard, generally commercially available, “off-the-shelf” third-party software products in object code form and standard commercially available services that are not and will not to any extent be incorporated into or used to develop or provide Thin Crust Software Products or any other of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary’s products or services, or (ii) Open Source Software used or held for use by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary for any purpose).

(d) Except as set forth on Schedule 4.18(d) :

(i) neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has received any written notice from any Person challenging in any respect the validity, enforceability, or right of Thin Crust or such Thin Crust Subsidiary to use any Thin Crust Intellectual Property or any rights thereunder (other than office actions and similar communications received from any Governmental Authority in the normal course of prosecuting applications for issuance or registration of any Thin Crust Intellectual Property or any renewals or recordations thereof), including any written correspondence from third parties offering to license patents to Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary;

(ii) except with respect to continuing obligations under written agreements set forth on Schedule 4.18(b) , neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary has any obligation to grant to any Person licenses or other rights to any Thin Crust Intellectual Property;

(iii) neither the operation of the Thin Crust Business, nor any activity by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary infringes, misappropriates or violates (or in the last three (3) years has infringed, misappropriated or violated) (A) any Third-Party IP, other than the rights of any Person under any patent, and (B) to the knowledge of Thin Crust, the rights of any Person under any patent;

(iv) no Thin Crust Intellectual Property is jointly owned by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, on the one hand, with any other Person, on the other hand, and no claim brought against Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary regarding the rights of others in or to any Thin Crust Intellectual Property owned by or purported to be owned by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary is pending or, to the knowledge of Thin Crust, has been threatened;

 

54


(v) to the knowledge of Thin Crust, there is no, nor has there been in the last three (3) years any, infringement or violation by any Person of any Thin Crust Intellectual Property owned by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary;

(vi) Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries own all applicable rights, title and interest in and to the Intellectual Property created by all current and former employees and consultants of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary in the scope of the employment or engagement, as applicable, of such employees;

(vii) Thin Crust and all Thin Crust Subsidiaries, as applicable, have taken reasonable security measures to protect the confidentiality of any and all trade secrets owned by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary or used or held for use by Thin Crust or the Thin Crust Subsidiaries;

(viii) (A) neither Thin Crust nor any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries has granted any current or contingent rights, licenses or interests in or to the source code of the software products developed by or on behalf of Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries (the “ Thin Crust Software Products ”), and (B) since the development of the source code of the Thin Crust Software Products, neither Thin Crust nor any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries has provided or disclosed the source code of the Thin Crust Software Products to any person or entity other than employees or consultants of Thin Crust or any of the Thin Crust Subsidiaries;

(ix) (A) none of the Thin Crust Software Products contain, incorporate, link or call to or otherwise use Open Source Software, and (B) the incorporation, linking, calling or other use of Open Source Software by or on behalf of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary in any Thin Crust Software Product does not (1) obligate Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary to disclose, make available, license, offer or deliver any portion of the source code of any Thin Crust Software Product or the subject matter of any other Thin Crust Intellectual Property to any third party other than the Open Source Software or (2) impose any restriction on the consideration to be charged for the distribution of any Thin Crust Software Product (other than the Open Source Software) or the subject matter of any other Intellectual Property owned by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary;

(x) to the knowledge of Thin Crust, the Thin Crust Software Products do not contain any “viruses”, “worms”, “time bombs”, “key-locks”, or any other devices created that could disrupt or interfere with the operation of the Thin Crust Software Products or equipment upon which the Thin Crust Software Products operate, or the integrity of the data, information or signals the Thin Crust Software Products produce;

(xi) immediately following the Closing, Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries will have the same rights and privileges in the Thin Crust Intellectual Property as Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries had in the Intellectual Property owned or purported to be owned by Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries immediately prior to the Closing; and

 

55


(xii) to the knowledge of Thin Crust, the information technology systems used by Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries in connection with the Thin Crust Business, including all computer hardware, software, firmware, and telecommunications systems, perform in all material respects in accordance with their respective specifications and documentation. To the knowledge of Thin Crust, Thin Crust has provided for the recovery and security of all business data that is material to the conduct of the Thin Crust Business, as well the recovery and security of material management information systems, in a commercially reasonable manner.

4.19 Customers . Thin Crust has provided to Deep Dish or its representatives in a separate folder in Thin Crust’s online data room correct and complete copies of all Thin Crust Material Contracts between Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Corporate Clients that were the top twenty (20) Thin Crust Corporate Clients during the twelve (12) months ended February 28, 2013 (as determined by reference to the aggregate dollar value of orders from the Thin Crust Corporate Clients during such period). No Thin Crust Corporate Client that is party to a Thin Crust Material Contract or Thin Crust Restaurant Client that is party to a Thin Crust Material Contract has notified Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary that it has canceled or otherwise terminated its relationship with Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary or has materially decreased its usage or purchase of the services of Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries. No Thin Crust Corporate Client that is party to a Thin Crust Material Contract or Thin Crust Restaurant Client that is party to a Thin Crust Material Contract has, to the knowledge of Thin Crust, any plan or intention to terminate, cancel or otherwise materially and adversely modify its relationship with Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries or to decrease materially or limit its usage, purchase or distribution of the services of Thin Crust or the Thin Crust Subsidiaries.

4.20 Suppliers . No supplier or vendor, excluding the Thin Crust Corporate Clients and Thin Crust Restaurant Clients, that Thin Crust and/or any Thin Crust Subsidiary has paid or is under Contract to pay $100,000, or more within the twelve months preceding the date of this Agreement (a “ Thin Crust Supplier ”) has notified Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary that is has canceled, materially modified, or otherwise terminated its relationship with Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary, or materially decreased its services, supplies or materials to Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries. Schedule 4.20 sets forth all Contracts and other written agreements with Thin Crust Suppliers. To the knowledge of Thin Crust, no Thin Crust Supplier has any plan or intention to do any of the foregoing.

4.21 Illegal Payments . Neither Thin Crust nor any Thin Crust Subsidiary is, or has at any time been, in violation of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (as amended from time to time). Neither Thin Crust, any Thin Crust Subsidiary nor, to Thin Crust’s knowledge, any Person affiliated with Thin Crust or its Affiliates has ever offered, made or received on behalf of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary any illegal payment or contribution of any kind, directly or indirectly, including payments, gifts or gratuities, to any Persons.

4.22 Sales Incentives . Schedule 4.22 sets forth, (i) the aggregate amount (determined in accordance with GAAP) of all sales coupons, sales concessions, sales incentives, allowances, and similar promotional incentives (“ Thin Crust Sales Incentives ”) of Thin Crust

 

56


and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries that were redeemed during Thin Crust’s 2011 and 2012 fiscal years, and during the period from October 1, 2012 through March 31, 2013, and (ii) the aggregate amount of all Thin Crust Sales Incentives outstanding as of the date of this Agreement.

4.23 Broker’s Fee . Except as set forth on Schedule 4.23 , no broker, investment banker, financial advisor, finder or other Person retained by Thin Crust or any of its Affiliates is entitled to any brokerage, investment banker’s, financial advisor’s, finder’s or other fee or commission for which Deep Dish or any of its Affiliates will be liable in connection with the Transactions.

ARTICLE V

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE THIN CRUST EQUITYHOLDERS

5.1 Representations and Warranties of Thin Crust Equityholder LLC . Thin Crust Equityholder LLC hereby represents and warrants to Deep Dish as follows:

(a) Organization, Existence and Authority . Thin Crust Equityholder LLC has been duly formed and is validly existing as a limited liability company in good standing under the laws of Delaware and has all requisite organizational power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted. Thin Crust Equityholder LLC is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing as a foreign limited liability company in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of the business or the ownership, leasing, holding or use of its properties makes such qualification necessary, except such other jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing would not reasonably be expected to have a Thin Crust Material Adverse Effect.

(b) Authorization . Thin Crust Equityholder LLC has the requisite limited liability company power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which it is a party, and to consummate the Transactions. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which it is a party and the consummation by Thin Crust Equityholder LLC of the Transactions, have been duly authorized by all necessary limited liability company action on the part of Thin Crust Equityholder LLC. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of Thin Crust Equityholder LLC enforceable against Thin Crust Equityholder LLC in accordance with its terms; except to the extent that such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance and other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and general equitable principles.

(c) Consents and Approvals; No Violations.

(i) No consent, approval or authorization of, or designation, declaration or filing with, any Governmental Entity or other Person is required to be obtained in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by Thin Crust Equityholder LLC of this Agreement and the Related Agreements, except where the failure to obtain or make any such consent, approval authorization, designation, declaration or filing would not be material.

 

57


(ii) The execution and delivery by Thin Crust Equityholder LLC of this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which Thin Crust Equityholder LLC is or will be a party and the consummation of the Transactions do not and will not (i) conflict with or result in any breach of any provision of the Organizational Documents of Thin Crust Equityholder LLC, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien of any nature upon the properties or assets of Thin Crust Equityholder LLC, or (iii) violate in any material respect any Law or Order applicable to Thin Crust Equityholder LLC or any of its properties or assets.

(d) Liabilities. Thin Crust Equityholder LLC has no liabilities that are payable or may become payable by Thin Crust on behalf of such Thin Crust Equityholder other than liabilities (i) in respect of Taxes or (ii) incurred in connection with the Transactions in respect of outside counsel and other advisors.

(e) Broker’s Fee . No broker, investment banker, financial advisor, finder or other Person retained by Thin Crust Equityholder LLC or its Affiliates is entitled to any brokerage, investment banker’s, financial advisor’s, finder’s or other fee or commission for which Thin Crust, Deep Dish or any of their respective Affiliates will be liable in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

(f) Thin Crust Equityholder LLC owns, free and clear of all Liens, all of the Thin Crust Units set forth across from its name on Schedule 4.2(a) .

5.2 Representations and Warranties of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp . Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. hereby represents and warrants to Deep Dish as follows:

(a) Organization, Existence and Authority . Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has been duly formed and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of Delaware and has all requisite organizational power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted. Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of the business or the ownership, leasing, holding or use of its properties makes such qualification necessary, except such other jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing would not reasonably be expected to have a Thin Crust Material Adverse Effect.

(b) Authorization . Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has the requisite corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which it is a party, and to consummate the Transactions. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which it is a party and the consummation by Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. of the Transactions, have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. enforceable against Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. in accordance with its terms; except to the extent that such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance and other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and general equitable principles. Since its inception, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has not engaged in any business activities other than holding interests in Thin Crust.

 

58


(c) Consents and Approvals; No Violations .

(i) No consent, approval or authorization of, or designation, declaration or filing with, any Governmental Entity or other Person is required to be obtained in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. of this Agreement and the Related Agreements, except where the failure to obtain or make any such consent, approval authorization, designation, declaration or filing would not be material.

(ii) Assuming the Thin Crust Requisite Stockholder Approval is obtained, the execution and delivery by Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. of this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which it is or will be a party and the consummation of the Transactions do not and will not (i) conflict with or result in any breach of any provision of the Organizational Documents of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien of any nature upon the properties or assets of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., or (iii) violate in any material respect any Law or Order applicable to Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. or any of its properties or assets.

(d) Liabilities . Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has no liabilities other than liabilities (i) in respect of Taxes arising out of the operation of Thin Crust, (ii) arising in the ordinary course of business in connection with Thin Crust Equityholder Corp.’s obligations as a holding company holding equity interests in Thin Crust, or (iii) incurred in connection with the Transactions in respect of outside counsel and other advisors. Without limiting the foregoing, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has no liabilities that would be required to be set forth on its balance sheet other than liabilities (y) in respect of Taxes arising out of the operation of Thin Crust or (z) incurred in connection with the Transactions in respect of outside counsel and other advisors.

(e) Broker’s Fee . No broker, investment banker, financial advisor, finder or other Person retained by Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. or its Affiliates is entitled to any brokerage, investment banker’s, financial advisor’s, finder’s or other fee or commission for which Thin Crust, Deep Dish or any of their respective Affiliates will be liable in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

(f) Taxes .

(i) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has timely filed all Tax Returns that are due, taking into account extensions of time in which to file such Tax Returns, and all such Tax Returns are true, correct and complete in all material respects;

(ii) all Tax Returns filed since Thin Crust Equityholder Corp.’s formation have been made available to Deep Dish and Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and all documents relating to any audits or proceedings against Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. by any taxing authority have been made available to Deep Dish and Thin Crust Equityholder LLC;

 

59


(iii) all Taxes required to be paid by Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. (whether or not shown on a Tax Return) have been paid;

(iv) the unpaid Taxes of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. did not, as of the date of the latest Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. balance sheet, exceed the reserve for Tax liability (excluding any reserve for deferred Taxes established to reflect timing differences between book and Tax income) set forth on the face of the balance sheets (rather than in any notes thereto) contained in the latest Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. balance sheet , and since the date of the latest Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. balance sheet, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has not incurred any Tax outside the ordinary course of business or otherwise inconsistent with past practices;

(v) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. is and always has been a corporation for U.S. federal, state and local income tax purposes for every state in which it is subject to Tax;

(vi) other than the existing Tax Matters Agreement, dated as of October 26, 2012, by and between ARAMARK Holdings Corporation and Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. (which will be superseded as of the Closing by the Tax Matters Agreement), Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. is not a party to any Tax allocation, indemnification or sharing arrangement;

(vii) there are no Liens for Taxes upon any of the assets of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp.;

(viii) no deficiency for any amount of Tax has been asserted or assessed by a Governmental Entity against Thin Crust Equityholder Corp.;

(ix) there is no action, suit, proceeding or audit or any written notice of inquiry of any of the foregoing pending against or with respect to Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. regarding Taxes and no action, suit, proceeding or audit has been threatened against or with respect to Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. regarding Taxes;

(x) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has not waived any statute of limitations affecting any Tax liability or agreed to any extension of time during which a Tax assessment or deficiency assessment may be made which waiver or extension is still outstanding and no such request has been made by any Governmental Entity;

(xi) no claim has ever been made by a taxing authority in a jurisdiction where Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. does not file Tax Returns that Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. is or may be subject to Taxes assessed by such jurisdiction;

(xii) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has no liability for Taxes of any other Person under Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign Tax law) (other than with respect to the group the common parent of which is ARAMARK Holdings Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries), as a transferee or successor, by Contract (other than the existing Tax Matters Agreement, dated as of October 26, 2012, by and between ARAMARK Holdings Corporation and Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., which will be superseded as of the Closing by the Tax Matters Agreement), or otherwise;

 

60


(xiii) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has withheld and paid all Taxes required to have been withheld and paid in connection with amounts paid or owing to any employee, independent contractor, creditor, stockholder or other third party, and all Forms W-2 and 1099 required with respect thereto have been properly completed and timely filed;

(xiv) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has not, nor has it ever had, a permanent establishment in any jurisdiction other than the United States or any State or subdivision thereof, and has not engaged in a trade or business in any jurisdiction other than the United States or any State or subdivision thereof or been subject to tax on its net income in any jurisdiction other than the United States or any State or subdivision thereof;

(xv) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has not been a party to a transaction that is or is substantially similar to a “listed transaction,” as such term is defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(2), or any other transaction requiring disclosure under analogous provisions of state, local or foreign Tax law;

(xvi) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. is not an “investment company” within the meaning of Section 351 of the Code;

(xvii) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. has not taken any action or knows of any fact or circumstance that (or failed to take any action, which failure) would prevent the Organization Transactions from qualifying under Section 351 of the Code; and

(xviii) notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. makes no representation or warranty as to the existence, amount or availability of any net operating or capital loss carryover of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp.

(g) Cash . As of immediately prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. will have available cash on hand held in bank accounts in its name of no less than the sum of (i) $2,600,000 plus (ii) the aggregate amount of Tax distributions made to Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. by Thin Crust since the date of this Agreement and not paid to the applicable Governmental Entity, if any.

(h) Accredited Investors . As of immediately prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders holding no more than 763,612 shares, in the aggregate, of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock (i) shall fail to qualify as “accredited investors” as such term is defined in Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended or, if applicable, (ii) shall not be permitted to be issued shares of Parent Common Stock in compliance with Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

61


5.3 Representations and Warranties of Joining Thin Crust Equityholders . Each Joining Thin Crust Equityholder hereby represents and warrants as to himself or herself to Deep Dish as follows:

(a) Authorization . The Joining Thin Crust Equityholder has the requisite power and authority to execute and deliver the Joinder Agreement and the Related Agreements to which he or she is a party, and to consummate the Transactions. The Joinder Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Joining Thin Crust Equityholder and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of such Joining Thin Crust Equityholder enforceable against such Joining Thin Crust Equityholder in accordance with its terms; except to the extent that such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance and other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and general equitable principles.

(b) Consents and Approvals; No Violations .

(i) No consent, approval or authorization of, or designation, declaration or filing with, any Governmental Entity or other Person is required to be obtained in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Joining Thin Crust Equityholder of the Joinder Agreement and the Related Agreements, except where the failure to obtain or make any such consent, approval authorization, designation, declaration or filing would not be material.

(ii) The execution and delivery by Joining Thin Crust Equityholder of the Joinder Agreement and the Related Agreements to which Joining Thin Crust Equityholder is or will be a party and the consummation of the Transactions do not and will not (i) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien of any nature upon the properties or assets of such Joining Thin Crust Equityholder, or (ii) violate in any material respect any Law or Order applicable to such Joining Thin Crust Equityholder or any of its properties or assets.

(c) Liabilities . The Joining Thin Crust Equityholder has no liabilities that are payable or may become payable by Thin Crust on behalf of such Joining Thin Crust Equityholder.

(d) Broker’s Fee . No broker, investment banker, financial advisor, finder or other Person retained by the Joining Thin Crust Equityholder is entitled to any brokerage, investment banker’s, financial advisor’s, finder’s or other fee or commission for which Thin Crust, Deep Dish or any of their respective Affiliates will be liable in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

(e) The Joining Thin Crust Equityholder owns, free and clear of all Liens, all of the Thin Crust Units set forth across from his or her name on Schedule 4.2(a) .

 

62


ARTICLE VI

COVENANTS AND AGREEMENTS

6.1 Conduct of Business Pending the Closing .

(a) During the period from the date of this Agreement and continuing through the Closing Date or the earlier termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1 hereof, except as expressly contemplated or permitted by this Agreement, or with the prior written consent of Thin Crust, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, Deep Dish shall, and shall cause the Deep Dish Subsidiaries to, except as required by Law, (i) carry on its business in the ordinary course consistent with past practice in all material respects; (ii) use its commercially reasonable efforts to preserve its present business organization and relationships; (iii) use its commercially reasonable efforts to keep available the present services of its employees and independent contractors; and (iv) use its commercially reasonable efforts to preserve its rights, franchises, goodwill and relations with its customers and others with whom it conducts business.

(b) During the period from the date of this Agreement and continuing through the Closing Date or the earlier termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1 hereof, except as expressly contemplated or permitted by this Agreement, or with the prior written consent of Deep Dish, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, Thin Crust shall, and shall cause the Thin Crust Subsidiaries to, except as required by Law, (i) carry on its business in the ordinary course consistent with past practice in all material respects; (ii) use its commercially reasonable efforts to preserve its present business organization and relationships; (iii) use its commercially reasonable efforts to keep available the present services of its employees and independent contractors; and (iv) use its commercially reasonable efforts to preserve its rights, franchises, goodwill and relations with its customers and others with whom it conducts business.

(c) Without limiting the generality of Sections 6.1(a) and 6.1(b) , during the period from the date of this Agreement and continuing through the Closing Date or the earlier termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1 hereof, neither Deep Dish nor Thin Crust shall, and Deep Dish shall cause the Deep Dish Subsidiaries and Thin Crust shall cause the Thin Crust Subsidiaries not to, without the prior written consent of the other party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed: (i) issue or agree to issue any Equity Securities, or reclassify, exchange, recapitalize, or otherwise amend the terms of its Equity Securities, other than issuances of Equity Securities upon the exercise of Deep Dish Options or Thin Crust Options, as applicable, outstanding as of the date hereof, (ii) declare or make any payments or distributions to stockholders or members or purchase or redeem any capital stock or membership interests, except for (A) distributions by Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries to pay Taxes through the Closing Date, and (B) distributions by the Deep Dish Subsidiaries to Deep Dish to pay Taxes through the Closing Date, (iii) incur any material Indebtedness, other than in the ordinary course of business, (iv) make or commit to make any material capital expenditures or capital additions not consistent with the current budget that has been previously delivered to the other party, (v) acquire, commit to acquire or sell, assign, dispose of, mortgage, subject to any Lien or otherwise encumber or transfer any material asset or line of business, individually or in the aggregate, (vi) enter into any transactions with their respective Affiliates other than pursuant to written agreements existing as of the date hereof; provided , that any such written agreements may not be amended, restated, supplemented or modified prior to the Closing Date without the prior written consent of each of Deep Dish and Thin Crust, (vii) increase the

 

63


compensation or other benefits (including any termination, severance, change of control bonus, equity incentive or similar compensation) payable to their respective employees, officers, directors, or service providers, other than (A) in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or (B) pursuant to written agreements with any Deep Dish Key Employees or Thin Crust Key Employees, as applicable, in existence on the date hereof and disclosed in the Deep Dish Disclosure Schedule or the Thin Crust Disclosure Schedule, as applicable, (viii) except for the Employment Agreements expressly contemplated by this Agreement (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not be amended, restated, supplemented, or modified prior to the Closing Date without the prior written consent of each of Deep Dish and Thin Crust), enter into or amend any employment agreement or similar agreement, (ix) effect any internal promotions or changes in title of any personnel above a Director or comparable title, (x) enter into, amend, modify, accelerate or terminate any Deep Dish Material Contract or Thin Crust Material Contract; provided, that (1) Deep Dish and its Subsidiaries may amend, modify or terminate any Deep Dish Material Contracts with the Deep Dish Restaurant Clients and the Deep Dish Suppliers in the ordinary course of business, and enter into Contracts which would constitute such Contracts in the ordinary course of business, and (2) Thin Crust and its Subsidiaries may amend, modify or terminate any Thin Crust Material Contracts with the Thin Crust Restaurant Clients, the Thin Crust Corporate Clients and the Thin Crust Suppliers in the ordinary course of business, and enter into Contracts which would constitute such Contracts in the ordinary course of business, or (xi) take any other action that, if not listed on the applicable Schedule, would cause a breach of representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.7 or 4.7 , as applicable.

(d) During the period from the date of this Agreement and continuing through the Closing Date or the earlier termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1 hereof, none of Parent, DD Acquisition Sub, or TC Acquisition Sub will conduct any business activities or incur any liabilities, except as necessary in connection with this Agreement and consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.

(e) During the period from the date of this Agreement and continuing through the Closing Date or the earlier termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1 hereof, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. will not conduct any business activities or incur any liabilities other than those incidental to its holding of Thin Crust interests or otherwise in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and/or any Related Agreements; provided, that it is understood and agreed that that Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. may (i) make repurchases of its outstanding capital stock pursuant to Article IV , Section 4.8 of the certificate of incorporation of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. (collectively, the “ Permitted Repurchases ”) and/or (ii) declare and pay one or more dividends to Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders.

6.2 Access to Information; Confidentiality . From the date hereof until the Closing Date or earlier termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1 hereof, each of Deep Dish and Thin Crust shall provide the other party and their representatives with reasonable access during normal business hours to the operations of Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries or Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries, as applicable, their principal personnel and representatives, and such books and records pertaining to Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries or Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries, as applicable, as the other party may reasonably request; provided , that (a) Thin Crust and Deep Dish agree that such access will

 

64


give due regard to minimizing interference with the operations, activities and employees of the Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries and Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries, (b) such access and disclosure would not violate the terms of any agreement to which Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary or Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary, as applicable, is bound or any applicable Law and (c) all arrangements for access shall be made in advance. Deep Dish and Thin Crust shall, and shall cause their Affiliates to keep all information obtained during the course of such access and disclosure confidential in accordance with the terms of that certain Confidentiality Agreement, dated February 13, 2013, between Thin Crust and Deep Dish (the “ Confidentiality Agreement ”).

6.3 Efforts; Further Assurances Generally .

(a) Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, each of Deep Dish and Thin Crust agrees to use its reasonable best efforts to promptly consummate and make effective the Transactions (including the Contribution) following the date hereof and to satisfy the conditions set forth in ARTICLE VII , including by executing and delivering all documents required by ARTICLE VII to be executed and delivered in connection with the Closing. In case at any time after Closing any further action is necessary or desirable to carry out the purposes of this Agreement, Deep Dish and Thin Crust shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all such necessary or desirable actions.

(b) No later than ten (10) days after the receipt by Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. and TC Acquisition Sub of the Thin Crust Requisite Stockholder Approval, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. and TC Acquisition Sub shall deliver notice thereof to their respective stockholders in compliance with Sections 228(e) and 262 of the DGCL; provided , that prior to delivery of such notice to such stockholders, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. and TC Acquisition Sub shall have provided Deep Dish a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on such notices.

(c) No later than ten (10) days after the receipt by Deep Dish of the requisite stockholder approval of the Deep Dish Recapitalization, Deep Dish shall deliver notice thereof to its stockholders in compliance with Sections 228(e) of the DGCL; provided , that prior to delivery of such notice to such stockholders, Deep Dish shall have provided Thin Crust a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on such notice.

(d) Immediately after execution of this Agreement, Parent shall file an amended and restated certificate of incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware amending and restating its certificate of incorporation in its entirety as set forth on Exhibit F (the “ Amended Parent Charter ”).

(e) Immediately after execution of this Agreement, each of Parent and TC Acquisition Sub shall present this Agreement to its stockholders for adoption by written consent.

(f) Immediately after execution of this Agreement, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. shall obtain the written consent of stockholders necessary to satisfy clause (i) of the definition of Thin Crust Requisite Stockholder Approval.

 

65


(g) The stockholders of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. set forth on Schedule 6.3(g) shall invoke the “Drag-Along Right” as “Dragging Stockholders,” as each term is defined in and pursuant to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp and shall provide the requisite notice to the other holders of common stock of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. at least ten (10) Business Days’ prior to the Thin Crust Effective Time.

(h) If necessary, Thin Crust shall invoke the “Drag-Along Right” pursuant to Section 9.4 of the Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Thin Crust and shall provide the requisite notice to the equityholders of Thin Crust within five (5) Business Days following the date hereof.

(i) During the period from the date of this Agreement and continuing through the Closing Date or the earlier termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1 hereof (i) Thin Crust will use commercially reasonable efforts to collect executed counterparts to the Parent Stockholders’ Agreement from the Remaining Thin Crust Equityholders and (ii) Deep Dish will use commercially reasonable efforts to collect executed counterparts to the Parent Stockholders’ Agreement from the Deep Dish Equityholders.

6.4 HSR Approval; Consents and Approvals of Governmental Entities Generally . Without limiting the generality of Section 6.3 :

(a) Each of Thin Crust and Deep Dish will give any notices to, make any filings with, and use its reasonable best efforts to obtain any authorizations, consents and approvals of, any Governmental Entities which are necessary to consummate the Transactions. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, within five (5) Business Days of the date hereof, each of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. and Deep Dish will file a Premerger Notification and Report Form under and in compliance with the HSR Act and the Regulations promulgated thereunder with respect to the Transactions (the “ HSR Act Filings ”). Each of Thin Crust, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. and Deep Dish shall cooperate with one another, and furnish to one another such necessary information and reasonable assistance as the other may request, in connection with its preparation of the HSR Act Filings.

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, each of Thin Crust, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. and Deep Dish will use its reasonable best efforts to take such actions as may be required to cause the early termination or expiration of the applicable waiting periods under the HSR Act with respect to the Transactions as promptly as possible after the execution of this Agreement and to avoid the entry of, or to effect the dissolution of, any decree, order, judgment, injunction, temporary restraining order or other order in any suit or proceeding, that would otherwise have the effect of preventing or materially delaying the consummation of the Transactions. Without limiting the foregoing, each of the aforementioned parties shall (i) promptly inform the other parties of any written or oral communication received from any Governmental Entity relating to its HSR Act Filing or the Transactions (and if in writing, furnish such other parties with a copy of such communication); (ii) respond as promptly as practicable to, and if made pursuant to the HSR Act to certify substantial compliance with, any request from any Governmental Entity for additional information and documentary materials; (iii) provide to such other parties, and permit such other parties to review and comment in advance of

 

66


submission, all proposed correspondence, filings, and written communications to any Governmental Entity with respect to the Transactions; and (iv) not participate in any substantive meeting or discussion with any Governmental Entity in respect of any investigation or inquiry concerning the Transactions unless it consults with such other parties in advance and, except as prohibited by applicable Law or Governmental Entity, gives such other parties the opportunity to attend and participate thereat. The parties will consult and cooperate with each other, and consider in good faith the views of one another, in connection with any analyses, appearances, presentations, memoranda, briefs, arguments, opinions and proposals made or submitted by or on behalf of any party in connection with proceedings under or relating to any Antitrust Law, except as may be prohibited or restricted by Law.

(c) For purposes of Section 6.3 and this Section 6.4 , the use of either “reasonable best efforts” or “commercially reasonable efforts” shall not, unless otherwise mutually agreed, require any party hereto, in connection with obtaining any consent, waiver, confirmation, novation or approval of any Person (including any Governmental Entity) in order to effectuate any of the Transactions, including the Contribution, to: (i) commence, defend or participate in any litigation; (ii) pay any money to any Person (except as expressly set forth in a given Contract with such Person), or offer or grant other financial or other accommodations to any Person; or (iii) undertake, agree to undertake, or permit any divestitures, abandonments or other dispositions of assets, Contracts, or rights which constitute a Material Divestiture; or (iv) except with respect to divestitures, abandonments, or other dispositions of assets, Contracts, or rights (which are addressed in clause (iii)), agree to any restrictions or conditions with respect to the conduct of the Deep Dish Business, the Thin Crust Business or the Business or any of such party’s (or any of its respective Affiliates’) assets or properties, other than restrictions or conditions that both parties reasonably agree are not material to the Business.

(d) Deep Dish shall promptly, and in any event no later than five (5) Business Days after payment is made by Thin Crust, reimburse Thin Crust for one-half (1/2) of the filing fee incurred by Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. pursuant to the HSR Act in connection with the Transaction.

6.5 Public Announcements . Deep Dish and Thin Crust shall consult with and obtain the approval of the other party before issuing any press release or making any other public disclosure with respect to this Agreement or the Transactions and shall not issue any such press release or make any such public disclosure prior to such consultation and approval (except as may be required by Law, in which event the Person proposing to issue such press release or make such public disclosure shall use its reasonable best efforts to consult in good faith with the other party before issuing any such press release or making any such public disclosure and shall cooperate to limit the scope of disclosure to the minimal amount of information required by Law).

6.6 Exclusivity .

(a) Thin Crust will not, and will not authorize or permit any officer, director or employee of Thin Crust or any Subsidiary of Thin Crust or authorize any investment banker, attorney, accountant or other representative retained by Thin Crust or any equityholder of Thin Crust, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC or Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. to, directly or indirectly,

 

67


solicit or encourage, or furnish information with respect to Thin Crust or the Thin Crust Business, or engage in any discussions with any Person in connection with, or enter into any agreements, whether written or oral, pertaining to, any proposal for the acquisition of all or any portion of the Thin Crust Business (whether by asset or stock acquisition, merger, exclusive license or similar transaction), or any financing, reorganization, or other transaction that would have a similar effect (each, a “ Thin Crust Competing Transaction ”), other than as contemplated by this Agreement. Thin Crust will promptly notify Deep Dish of any proposal received from a third party that could reasonably be expected to lead to a Thin Crust Competing Transaction. Thin Crust will promptly cease or cause to be terminated any existing activities or discussions with any Person (other than Deep Dish) with respect to any Thin Crust Competing Transaction and will promptly request the return of any confidential information provided to any Person (other than Deep Dish) in connection with any Thin Crust Competing Transaction.

(b) Deep Dish will not, and will not authorize or permit any officer, director or employee of Deep Dish or any Subsidiary of Deep Dish or authorize any investment banker, attorney, accountant or other representative retained by Deep Dish or any stockholder of Deep Dish to, directly or indirectly, solicit or encourage, or furnish information with respect to Deep Dish or the Deep Dish Business, or engage in any discussions with any Person in connection with, or enter into any agreements, whether written or oral, pertaining to, any proposal for the acquisition of all or any portion of the Deep Dish Business (whether by asset or stock acquisition, merger, exclusive license or similar transaction), or any financing, reorganization, or other transaction that would have a similar effect (each, a “ Deep Dish Competing Transaction ”) other than as contemplated by this Agreement. Deep Dish will promptly notify Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Equityholders of any proposal received from a third party that could reasonably be expected to lead to a Deep Dish Competing Transaction. Deep Dish will promptly cease or cause to be terminated any existing activities or discussions with any Person (other than Thin Crust) with respect to any Deep Dish Competing Transaction and will promptly request the return of any confidential information provided to any Person (other than Thin Crust or the Thin Crust Equityholders) in connection with any Deep Dish Competing Transaction.

6.7 Reserved .

6.8 Option Matters .

(a) Prior to the Closing Date, Parent shall take all action necessary to adopt the Parent 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan in substantially the form attached to this Agreement as Exhibit K (the “ Option Plan ”).

(b) Effective upon the Closing, each Thin Crust Option that is outstanding immediately prior to the Closing (whether vested or unvested) shall be substituted for an option to purchase Parent Common Stock granted under the Option Plan, with such substitution to be effected in a manner that is consistent with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code. Each Thin Crust Option so substituted by Parent under this Agreement (each, a “ Thin Crust Substituted Option ”) will, from and after the Closing, be subject to the Option Plan but have substantially the same terms and conditions of the Deep Dish Option for which it is substituted (including vesting schedule), except that (i) each such Thin Crust Substituted Option will be exercisable (or will become exercisable in accordance with its terms) for that number of shares

 

68


of Parent Common Stock equal to the number of Thin Crust Common Units that were subject to such Thin Crust Option immediately prior to the Closing and (ii) the per share exercise price for the Parent Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such Thin Crust Substituted Option will be equal to the exercise price per Thin Crust Common Unit at which such Thin Crust Option was exercisable immediately prior to the Closing. At the Closing, the Parent board of directors or a committee thereof shall succeed to the authority and responsibility of the Thin Crust board of directors or any committee thereof with respect to each Thin Crust Substituted Option. Following the Closing, each holder of Thin Crust Substituted Options shall be provided with, and shall be directed to execute, a new agreement containing the terms and conditions of such Thin Crust Substituted Options.

(c) Effective upon the Closing, each Deep Dish Option that is outstanding immediately prior to the Closing (whether vested or unvested) shall be substituted for an option to purchase Parent Common Stock granted under the Option Plan, with such substitution to be effected in a manner that is consistent with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code. Each Deep Dish Option so substituted by Parent under this Agreement (each, a “ Deep Dish Substituted Option ” and, together with the Thin Crust Substituted Options, the “ Substituted Options ”) will, from and after the Closing, be subject to the Option Plan but have substantially the same terms and conditions of the Deep Dish Option for which it is substituted (including vesting schedule), except that (i) each such Deep Dish Substituted Option will be exercisable (or will become exercisable in accordance with its terms) for that number of shares of Parent Common Stock equal to the product of the number of shares of Deep Dish Common Stock that were subject to such Deep Dish Option immediately prior to the Deep Dish Recapitalization multiplied by the Deep Dish Exchange Ratio, rounded down to the nearest whole number of shares of Parent Common Stock and (ii) the per share exercise price for the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such Deep Dish Substituted Option will be equal to the quotient determined by dividing the exercise price per share of Deep Dish Common Stock at which such Deep Dish Option was exercisable immediately prior to the Deep Dish Recapitalization by the Deep Dish Exchange Ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent, it being understood that the application of the Deep Dish Exchange Ratio to the foregoing calculations may be accomplished by way of an adjustment to the Deep Dish Options made in connection with the Deep Dish Recapitalization, and in such event, the application of the Deep Dish Exchange Ratio to the Deep Dish Options shall not be duplicated. At the Closing, the Parent board of directors or a committee thereof shall succeed to the authority and responsibility of the Deep Dish board of directors or any committee thereof with respect to each Deep Dish Substituted Option. Following the Closing, each holder of Deep Dish Substituted Options shall be provided with, and shall be directed to execute, a new agreement containing the terms and conditions of such Deep Dish Substituted Options.

6.9 Insurance Policies . Prior to the Closing:

(a) Each of Deep Dish and Thin Crust shall purchase directors’ and officers’ “tail” insurance policies for a period of six (6) years, at the expense of Parent.

(b) Parent shall purchase standard directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies naming each director and officer of Parent and its Subsidiaries from and after the Closing as a named insured thereunder, which policies shall be on terms previously approved in writing by Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and Deep Dish.

 

69


(c) Thin Crust shall cause its existing crime insurance policy and errors and omissions insurance policy to be amended naming Deep Dish from and after the Closing as a named insured thereunder.

6.10 Code Section 280G . As soon as practicable following the date of this Agreement, but in no event less than five (5) Business Days prior to the Closing Date, Deep Dish shall (a) obtain and deliver to Thin Crust prior to the initiation of the requisite stockholder approval procedure under clause (b) from each Person who is, with respect to Deep Dish, a “disqualified individual” (within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code) as of immediately prior to the initiation of such requisite stockholder approval procedure (each, a “ Disqualified Individual ”), and who might otherwise have, receive or have the right or entitlement to receive a “parachute payment” (within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code), a waiver of such Disqualified Individual’s rights to all such payments and/or benefits applicable to such Disqualified Individuals so that all remaining payments and/or benefits applicable to such Disqualified Individual shall not be deemed to be “excess parachute payments” (within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code) and (b) submit to its stockholders for approval (in a manner satisfactory to Thin Crust) by such number of shareholders in a manner that meets the requirements of Section 280G(b)(5)(B) of the Code, any payments and/or benefits that Thin Crust or Deep Dish reasonably determine may separately or in the aggregate, constitute “parachute payments” (within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code), such that such payments and benefits shall not be deemed to be “parachute payments” under Section 280G of the Code. All waivers and materials to be submitted to the stockholders of Deep Dish pursuant to this Section 6.10 shall be subject to review and approval by Thin Crust.

6.11 Repurchase .

(a) During the period beginning on the Closing Date and ending at the close of business, Central Standard Time, on the ninetieth (90 th ) day following the Closing Date (the “ Repurchase Period ”), Parent shall, from time to time, make offers (each a “ Repurchase Offer ”) to the Deep Dish Sellers to repurchase all or any portion of the shares of Parent Common Stock and Parent Preferred Stock held by the Deep Dish Sellers, in such amounts and to such Deep Dish Sellers as may be determined by unanimous consent of the Repurchase Committee of the Parent board of directors in its sole discretion; provided, that (i) each such Repurchase Offer shall be at a price per share of Parent Common Stock equal to $6.28 in cash and a price per share of Parent Preferred Stock equal to $6.28 in cash, and (ii) Parent shall make Repurchase Offers for the purchase of no more than 4,774,501 shares of Parent Common Stock and/or Parent Preferred Stock, in the aggregate (as such numbers shall be reduced by the number of shares of Parent Common Stock and/or Parent Preferred Stock sold by the Deep Dish Sellers to third parties during the Repurchase Period in accordance with the Parent Stockholders’ Agreement).

(b) Any Deep Dish Seller who shall have received a Repurchase Offer may accept such Repurchase Offer by delivering to Parent, prior to the earlier to occur of (i) the revocation by Parent of such Repurchase Offer and (ii) the expiration of the Repurchase Period, an executed Stock Repurchase Agreement in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit J , together with instruments of transfer as may be reasonably required by Parent.

 

70


ARTICLE VII

CONDITIONS TO CLOSING

7.1 Mutual Conditions . The respective obligations of Thin Crust, Deep Dish, Parent, DD Acquisition Sub, TC Acquisition Sub, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. to consummate the Transactions shall be subject to the satisfaction at or prior to the Closing of the following conditions (which may be waived by the mutual written agreement of Thin Crust, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. and Deep Dish):

(a) No Restraints . No Law or Regulation shall be in effect and no Order shall have been entered in any action or proceeding instituted by any party which enjoins, restrains or prohibits this Agreement or the consummation of the Transactions.

(b) Governmental Approvals . All applicable waiting periods (and any extensions thereof) under the HSR Act or under other applicable Laws shall have expired or otherwise been terminated and the parties shall have received all other authorizations, consents and approvals of Governmental Entities that are required to be issued prior to the consummation of the Transactions.

(c) No Governmental Litigation . No Claim brought by a Governmental Entity shall be pending or threatened in writing before (or that could come before) any Court or Governmental Entity of any federal, state, local, or foreign jurisdiction or before (or that could come before) any arbitrator wherein an Order would (i) prevent consummation of any of the Transactions or (ii) cause any of the Transactions to be rescinded following consummation.

(d) Thin Crust Requisite Stockholder Approval . The Thin Crust Requisite Stockholder Approval shall have been obtained.

(e) Deep Dish Recapitalization Approval . The Deep Dish Recapitalization Approval shall have been obtained.

(f) Parent Charter Approval . The Parent Charter Approval shall have been obtained.

(g) TC Stockholder Approval . The TC Stockholder Approval shall have been obtained.

(h) Parent Stockholders’ Agreement . The Parent Stockholders’ Agreement shall be in full force and effect.

(i) Tax Matters Agreement . The Tax Matters Agreement shall be in full force and effect and shall not have been modified, amended or rescinded.

 

71


(j) Registration Rights Agreement . Parent shall have executed a counterpart to the Registration Rights Agreement, in the form set forth on Exhibit D .

(k) Option Plan . Parent shall have duly adopted the Option Plan in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit K .

7.2 Additional Conditions to Obligations of Parent, Deep Dish, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub . The obligations of Parent, Deep Dish, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, are also subject, unless waived by Deep Dish in its sole discretion, to the following conditions:

(a) Representations and Warranties . The representations and warranties of Thin Crust contained in ARTICLE IV , the representations and warranties of the Thin Crust Equityholders contained in ARTICLE V shall be true and correct in all respects (disregarding for purposes of this Section 7.2(a) all Thin Crust Material Adverse Effect and materiality qualifications contained therein), on and as of the Closing Date with the same effect as if made on and as of the Closing Date (other than such representations and warranties that are made as of a specified date, which representations and warranties shall be true and correct as of such date) except in each case to the extent that the failure of such representations and warranties to be true and correct could not, individually or in the aggregate, be reasonably expected to have a Thin Crust Material Adverse Effect.

(b) Covenants and Agreements . Thin Crust, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC, and Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. shall have performed and complied in all material respects with all covenants and agreements required by this Agreement to be performed or complied with by it on or prior to the Closing Date.

(c) Bring Down Certificates . Deep Dish shall have received a certificate of an executive officer of Thin Crust that the conditions set forth in Section 7.2(a) and Section 7.2(b) have been satisfied.

(d) Good Standing Certificates . Deep Dish shall have received a certificate issued by the secretary of state of the state of organization of Thin Crust and each Thin Crust Subsidiary certifying that each such entity is in good standing.

(e) Secretary’s Certificate . Deep Dish shall have received a certificate executed by the Secretary of Thin Crust certifying (i) the Organizational Documents of Thin Crust, (ii) the names of the officers of Thin Crust authorized to sign this Agreement and the Related Agreements (as applicable), together with the true signatures of such officers; and (iii) copies of consent actions taken by the board of directors of Thin Crust authorizing the appropriate officers of Thin Crust to execute and deliver this Agreement and all agreements, documents and instruments executed by Thin Crust pursuant hereto, and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby.

(f) Thin Crust Material Adverse Effect . Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred any Thin Crust Material Adverse Effect.

 

72


(g) No Third Party Litigation . No Claim brought before a Governmental Entity by any Person other than a Governmental Entity against Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary shall be pending or threatened in writing before (or that could come before) any Court or Governmental Entity of any federal, state, local, or foreign jurisdiction or before (or that could come before) any arbitrator that has a reasonable likelihood of success on the merits and wherein an Order would (i) prevent consummation of any of the Transactions or (ii) cause any of the Transactions to be rescinded following consummation.

(h) Appraisal Rights . (i) Thin Crust Equityhoder Corp. Stockholders who, after giving effect to the Thin Crust Merger would be holders of not more than 0.75% of the outstanding capital stock of Parent immediately after the Closing shall have (1) initiated proceedings for appraisal rights under Section 262 of the DGCL, and (2) not withdrawn or otherwise failed to perfect their assertion of appraisal rights as provided in Section 262 of the DGCL and (ii) the period during which holders of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Common Stock may exercise and perfect appraisal rights under Section 262 of the DGCL shall have elapsed.

(i) Individual Thin Crust Equityholders . All Individual Thin Crust Equityholders shall have executed and delivered to Joinder Agreements to Deep Dish.

7.3 Additional Conditions to Obligations of Thin Crust, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and Thin Crust Equityholder Corp . The obligations of Thin Crust, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, are also subject, unless waived by Thin Crust, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., each in their respective sole discretion, to the following conditions:

(a) Representations and Warranties . The representations and warranties of Deep Dish contained in ARTICLE III shall be true and correct in all respects (disregarding for purposes of this Section 7.3(a) all Deep Dish Material Adverse Effect and materiality qualifications contained therein), on and as of the Closing Date with the same effect as if made on and as of the Closing Date (other than such representations and warranties that are made as of a specified date, which representations and warranties shall be true and correct as of such date) except in each case to the extent that the failure of such representations and warranties to be true and correct could not, individually or in the aggregate, be reasonably expected to have a Deep Dish Material Adverse Effect.

(b) Covenants and Agreements . Parent, Deep Dish, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub shall have performed and complied in all material respects with all covenants and agreements required by this Agreement to be performed or complied with by them on or prior to the Closing Date.

(c) Bring Down Certificates . Thin Crust shall have received a certificate of an executive officer of Deep Dish that the conditions set forth in Section 7.3(a) and Section 7.3(b) have been satisfied.

 

73


(d) Good Standing Certificates . Thin Crust shall have received a certificate issued by the secretary of state of the state of organization of Deep Dish and each Deep Dish Subsidiary certifying that each such entity is in good standing.

(e) Secretary’s Certificate . Thin Crust shall have received a certificate executed by the Secretary of Parent, Deep Dish, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub certifying (i) the Organizational Documents of Parent, Deep Dish, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub, (ii) the names of the officers of Parent, Deep Dish, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub authorized to sign this Agreement and the other agreements, documents and instruments executed by Parent, Deep Dish, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub pursuant hereto, together with the true signatures of such officers; and (iii) copies of consent actions taken by the board of directors and stockholders of Parent, Deep Dish, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub (as applicable) authorizing the appropriate officers of Deep Dish to execute and deliver this Agreement and all agreements, documents and instruments executed by Parent, Deep Dish, DD Acquisition Sub and TC Acquisition Sub pursuant hereto, and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby.

(f) Deep Dish Material Adverse Effect . Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred any Deep Dish Material Adverse Effect.

(g) Code Section 280G . Deep Dish shall have provided to Thin Crust evidence reasonably acceptable to Thin Crust that (i) the requisite approval, as described in Section 280G(b)(5) of the Code and Regulations thereunder, with respect to payments or benefits made to any “Disqualified Individual” that could reasonably be expected to result in the imposition of any excise taxes under Section 4999 of the Code has been obtained, or (ii) such payments or benefits will not be paid or provided.

(h) No Third Party Litigation . No Claim brought before a Governmental Entity by any Person other than a Governmental Entity against Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary shall be pending or threatened in writing before (or that could come before) any Court or Governmental Entity of any federal, state, local, or foreign jurisdiction or before (or that could come before) any arbitrator that has a reasonable likelihood of success on the merits and wherein an Order would (i) prevent consummation of any of the Transactions or (ii) cause any of the Transactions to be rescinded following consummation.

ARTICLE VIII

TERMINATION; FEES AND EXPENSES

8.1 Termination . This Agreement may be terminated and transactions contemplated hereby abandoned at any time prior to Closing:

(a) by mutual written consent of Thin Crust and Deep Dish;

(b) by either Thin Crust or Deep Dish, if the conditions to the obligations of the parties set forth in ARTICLE VII shall not have been satisfied or waived on or before the three (3) month anniversary of the date hereof (the “ End Date ”); provided , that if the Closing has not occurred by the End Date by reason of the nonsatisfaction of the condition set forth in Section 7.1(b) and all other conditions set forth in ARTICLE VII have been satisfied or waived

 

74


or are then capable of being satisfied, then the End Date shall automatically be extended for an additional one hundred eighty (180) days; and provided further that the termination right under this Section 8.1(b) shall not be available to any party whose material breach of this Agreement has been the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the any such condition to have been satisfied on or before the End Date;

(c) by either Thin Crust or Deep Dish, if a Court or Governmental Entity shall have issued an Order or taken any other action that is final and non appealable and that restrains, enjoins or otherwise prohibits the consummation of the Transactions;

(d) by Thin Crust, if it is not in material breach of its obligations under this Agreement, and if there shall have been a material breach by Deep Dish of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained in this Agreement, which breach would result in the failure to satisfy one or more of the conditions set forth in Section 7.3(a) or Section 7.3(b) and which breach is incapable of being cured prior to the End Date;

(e) by Deep Dish, if it is not in material breach of its obligations under this Agreement, and if there shall have been a material breach by Thin Crust of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained in this Agreement, which breach would result in the failure to satisfy one or more of the conditions set forth in Section 7.2(a) or Section 7.2(b) and which breach is incapable of being cured prior to the End Date;

(f) by Thin Crust, by giving written notice to Deep Dish, if stockholder written consents sufficient to constitute the Thin Crust Requisite Stockholder Approval in the case of TC Acquisition Sub have not been executed and delivered to Thin Crust within 24 hours after the execution and delivery of this Agreement; provided that the termination right under this Section 8.1(f) shall not be available to any party whose material breach of this Agreement has been the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the any such condition to have been satisfied on or before the End Date;

(g) by Deep Dish, by giving written notice to Thin Crust, if stockholder written consents sufficient to constitute the Thin Crust Requisite Stockholder Approval in the case of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. have not been executed and delivered to Deep Dish within 24 hours after the execution and delivery of this Agreement; provided that the termination right under this Section 8.1(g) shall not be available to any party whose material breach of this Agreement has been the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the any such condition to have been satisfied on or before the End Date;

(h) by Thin Crust, by giving written notice to Deep Dish, if stockholder written consents sufficient to constitute the Deep Dish Recapitalization Approval have not been executed and delivered to Thin Crust within seven (7) days after the execution and delivery of this Agreement; provided that the termination right under this Section 8.1(h) shall not be available to any party whose material breach of this Agreement has been the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the any such condition to have been satisfied on or before the End Date; or

(i) by Deep Dish, by giving written notice to Thin Crust, if Joinder Agreements have not been executed and delivered to Deep Dish by or on behalf of each of the

 

75


Individual Thin Crust Equityholders within seven (7) days after the execution and delivery of this Agreement; provided that the termination right under this Section 8.1(i) shall not be available to any party whose material breach of this Agreement has been the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the any such condition to have been satisfied on or before the End Date.

8.2 Effect of Termination . Any termination of this Agreement under Section 8.1 will be effective immediately upon the delivery of a valid written notice of the terminating party to the other parties hereto. In the event of termination of this Agreement as provided in Section 8.1 hereof, (a) this Agreement shall forthwith become null and void and be of no further force or effect, except as set forth in the last sentence of Section 6.2 and Sections 6.5 , 8.2 , 8.3 , and ARTICLE XI , each of which shall remain in full force and effect and survive any termination of this Agreement in accordance with the terms hereof, and (b) there shall be no liability on the part of Thin Crust, any Thin Crust Equityholder or Deep Dish (or any of their respective Affiliates, directors, officers, employees, shareholders, agents or representatives); provided, however , that nothing herein shall prevent a party from bringing a specific performance claim (or a claim for injunctive relief) or shall relieve a party from liability (or limit such liability) for any failure to close when required hereunder or for any willful or intentional breach hereof occurring prior to such termination.

8.3 Fees and Expenses . Except as expressly set forth herein, all fees and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement and the Related Agreements and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby shall be paid by the party incurring such expenses; provided , that, in the event the Closing takes place, Thin Crust shall be responsible for the payment of accounting and legal expenses incurred by Deep Dish and Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. in connection with this Agreement.

ARTICLE IX

SURVIVAL AND INDEMNIFICATION

9.1 In General; Survival of Representations and Warranties .

(a) All representations, warranties, covenants, and agreements of Thin Crust, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp., and Deep Dish made in this Agreement or in any certificate or similar instrument executed and delivered in connection herewith shall bind the parties’ successors and assigns (including any successor to Thin Crust or Deep Dish by way of acquisition, merger or otherwise), whether so expressed or not, and, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, all such representations, warranties, covenants and agreements shall inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

(b) Subject to the limitations set forth in Section 9.7 , the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or in any certificate or similar instrument executed and delivered in connection herewith shall expire and terminate and be of no further force and effect on the eighteen (18) month anniversary of the Closing Date, except that (i) (A) the Fundamental Representations and (B) the representations and warranties contained in Sections 3.2 (Capitalization; Subsidiaries; Investments) and 4.2 (Capitalization; Subsidiaries; Investments) (collectively, the “ Capitalization Representations ”) shall survive until the expiration of the

 

76


applicable statute of limitations (as the same may be extended or waived) and (ii) those representations and warranties set forth in Sections 3.16 (Taxes), 4.16 (Taxes) and 5.2(j) (Taxes of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp.), and any other representations and warranties to the extent of any claims for Tax Losses that could be made with respect to such representation or warranty, shall expire and terminate, and be of no further force and effect, immediately following the Closing, provided, however, that this clause (ii) shall not prevent indemnification for Taxes that represent Losses arising from any non-Tax claim. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any written claim for breach thereof made prior to such expiration date and delivered to the party against whom such indemnification is sought shall survive thereafter and, as to any such claim, such applicable expiration will not affect the rights to indemnification of the party making such claim. Any such written claim by any party with respect to fraud or intentional misrepresentation by any other party may be given at any time.

(c) The representations, warranties, covenants and other obligations of any party hereto, and the rights and remedies that may be exercised by any other party hereto in respect of a breach of any such representation, warranty, covenant or obligation, shall not be limited or otherwise affected by or as a result of any information furnished to, or any investigation made by, or knowledge of, such other party.

9.2 Indemnification .

(a) In connection with and as a result of the Thin Crust Merger and the Contribution (and, for the avoidance of doubt, not the Deep Dish Merger), subject to the limitations set forth in this ARTICLE IX , from and after the Closing, Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders shall indemnify and hold the Thin Crust Equityholders harmless from and against, and compensate and reimburse the Thin Crust Equityholders for, any and all Losses which may be sustained, suffered or incurred by or made against Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, based upon, arising out of, or by reason of:

(i) the failure of any representation or warranty set forth in ARTICLE III of this Agreement, or in any certificate or similar instrument executed and delivered in connection herewith to be true and correct in all respects as of the Closing Date or by reason of any claim, action or proceeding asserted or instituted growing out of any matter or thing constituting any such failure (disregarding for purposes of the calculation of Losses and the determination of whether a breach has occurred, any qualifications or limitations based on “materiality” or “Deep Dish Material Adverse Effect”);

(ii) any failure by Deep Dish, Parent, DD Acquisition Sub or TC Acquisition Sub to fully perform, fulfill or comply with any covenant or agreement set forth herein;

(iii) (A) all Taxes of Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries for any Pre-Closing Tax Period or, for any Straddle Period, to the extent allocable (as determined in accordance with Section 10.4 ) to the portion of such period beginning before and ending on the Closing Date and (B) any Liability of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary for the Taxes of any other Person under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6

 

77


(or any similar provision of state, local or foreign law), as a transferee or successor, by Contract or otherwise, in each case under this clause (B) as a result of any action, event or agreement prior to Closing; or

(iv) fraud or intentional misrepresentation by or on behalf of Deep Dish in connection with the Transactions.

(b) In connection with and as a result of the Thin Crust Merger and the Contribution (and, for the avoidance of doubt, not the Deep Dish Merger), subject to the limitations set forth in this ARTICLE IX , from and after the Closing, the Thin Crust Equityholders shall indemnify and hold the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders harmless from and against, and compensate and reimburse the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders for, any and all Losses which may be sustained, suffered or incurred by or made against Parent or any of its Subsidiaries based upon, arising out of, or by reason of:

(i) the failure of any representation or warranty set forth in ARTICLE IV or ARTICLE V of this Agreement, to be true and correct in all respects as of the Closing Date or by reason of any claim, action or proceeding asserted or instituted growing out of any matter or thing constituting any such failure (disregarding for purposes of the calculation of Losses and the determination of whether a breach has occurred, any qualifications or limitations based on “materiality” or “Thin Crust Material Adverse Effect”);

(ii) any failure by Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Equityholder to fully perform, fulfill or comply with any covenant or agreement set forth herein;

(iii) (A) all Taxes of Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries for any Pre-Closing Tax Period or, for any Straddle Period, to the extent allocable (as determined in accordance with Section 10.4 ) to the portion of such period beginning before and ending on the Closing Date, and (B) any Liability of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary for the Taxes of any other Person under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign law), as a transferee or successor, by Contract or otherwise, in each case under this clause (B) as a result of any action, event or agreement prior to Closing; or

(iv) fraud or intentional misrepresentation by or on behalf of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Equityholder in connection with the Transactions.

(c) In connection with and as a result of the Thin Crust Merger and the Contribution (and, for the avoidance of doubt, not the Deep Dish Merger), subject to the limitations set forth in this ARTICLE IX, from and after the Closing, the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders shall indemnify and hold the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders and the Remaining Thin Crust Equityholders harmless from and against, and compensate and reimburse the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders and the Remaining Thin Crust Equityholders for any and all Losses which may be sustained, suffered or incurred by or made against Parent or any of its Subsidiaries based upon, arising out of, or by reason of: (A) all Taxes of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. for any Pre-Closing Tax Period or, for any Straddle

 

78


Period, to the extent allocable (as determined in accordance with Section 10.4 ) to the portion of such period beginning before and ending on the Closing Date (except to the extent of the excess, if any, of (i) the amount of Tax distributions from Thin Crust to Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. during the period beginning on the date hereof and ending on the Closing Date, over (ii) the amount of income Taxes paid by Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. during such period), and (B) any Liability of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. for the Taxes of any other Person under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign law), as a transferee or successor, by Contract or otherwise, in each case under this clause (B) as a result of any action, event or agreement prior to Closing; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not require indemnification for any Losses in respect of any Taxes for which Parent is responsible under the Tax Matters Agreement.

9.3 Limitations on Indemnification Obligations . Notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) the right of the Thin Crust Equityholders to indemnification under Section 9.2(a) , (b) the right of the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders to indemnification under Section 9.2(b) and (c) the right of the Remaining Thin Crust Equityholders and the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders to indemnification under Section 9.2(c) shall be subject to the following provisions:

(a) No indemnification shall be available (i) pursuant to Section 9.2(a)(i) or Section 9.2(a)(iii) above to Thin Crust Equityholders, (ii) pursuant to Section 9.2(b)(i) or Section 9.2(b)(iii) above to the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders or (iii) pursuant to Section 9.2(c)(A) above to the Remaining Thin Crust Equityholders and the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, in each case unless the total of all claims for indemnification pursuant to the applicable Sections shall exceed Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) in the aggregate (the “ Deductible ”), whereupon the full amount of Losses from the first dollar thereof shall be recoverable in accordance with the terms hereof; provided, however , that (A) the Deductible shall not apply to any claims for indemnification pursuant to Section 9.2(a)(i) or Section 9.2(b)(i) in respect of a breach of any of the Fundamental Representations the Capitalization Representations, or the representations and warranties contained in Section 5.2(g) , or in the case of any claim arising out of fraud or intentional misrepresentation committed by or on behalf of any other party hereto, and the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders or the Thin Crust Equityholders, as applicable, shall, subject to Section 9.3(b) below, be entitled to full recovery in seeking indemnification in respect of Losses incurred in connection with any breach of any Fundamental Representations, Capitalization Representations, the representations and warranties contained in Section 5.2(g) , or fraud or intentional misrepresentation;

(b) notwithstanding Section 9.3(a) , no indemnification shall be available pursuant to Section 9.2(a)(i) above to the Thin Crust Equityholders or pursuant to Section 9.2(b)(i) above to the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, in each case solely in respect of any breach of the Capitalization Representations, unless the total of all claims for indemnification pursuant to the applicable Sections shall exceed Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000) in the aggregate, whereupon the full amount of Losses from the first dollar thereof shall be recoverable in accordance with the terms hereof;

(c) the maximum amount indemnifiable (i) by the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders with respect to claims asserted pursuant to Section 9.2(a)(i) or (ii) by the Thin

 

79


Crust Equityholders with respect to claims asserted pursuant to Section 9.2(b)(i) in each case shall be, in the aggregate, One Hundred Million Dollars ($100,000,000) (the “ Indemnity Cap ”); provided, however , that the Indemnity Cap shall not apply to any claims for indemnification pursuant to Section 9.2(a)(i) or Section 9.2(b)(i) in respect of a breach of any of the Fundamental Representations or the Capitalization Representations or in the case of any claim arising out of fraud or intentional misrepresentation committed by or on behalf of any other party hereto, and the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders or the Thin Crust Equityholders, as applicable, shall be entitled to full recovery in seeking indemnification in respect of Losses incurred in connection with any breach of any Fundamental Representations or Capitalization Representations, or fraud or intentional misrepresentation;

(d) the amount of any indemnifiable Losses payable under this ARTICLE IX by shall be net of amounts actually recovered (i) under applicable insurance policies or (ii) from any other third party with indemnification or contribution obligations, in each case, net of the costs of recovery of such amounts and net of any deductibles or co-payments paid by the Indemnified Party and any retro-premium adjustments.

(e) none of the Thin Crust Equityholders or the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders shall be liable for any punitive or similar damages, except for those payable pursuant to a Third-Party Claim.

9.4 Indemnification Procedures . The following procedures shall govern claims for indemnification under this ARTICLE IX :

(a) In the event that Parent (which for purposes of this Section 9.4 shall include all Subsidiaries of Parent involved in such Third-Party Claim) is or becomes the subject of a claim made by any Person who is not a party to this Agreement (a “ Third-Party Claim ”), and such Third-Party claim may give rise to an indemnification obligation pursuant to this ARTICLE IX , then (i) Parent shall notify the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative and the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative of such Third-Party Claim promptly following receipt thereof, and deliver to each of the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative and the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative copies of all notices and documents (including court papers) received by Parent relating to the Third-Party Claim. If, following the notification provided for in this Section 9.4(a) , either the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative, on the one hand, or the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative, on the other hand believes that such Third-Party Claim may give rise to a right on the part of such party to indemnification under this ARTICLE IX and the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative (on behalf of the Thin Crust Equityholders) or the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative (on behalf of the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative), as the case may be, intend to seek indemnification hereunder, then the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative or the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative shall notify Deep Dish Stockholder Representative or the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative, as the case may be promptly in writing that it intends to seek indemnification therefor; provided, however , that failure to give such notification shall not affect the indemnification provided hereunder except to the extent the Indemnifying Party shall have been actually prejudiced as a result of such failure. As used herein, the “ Indemnified Party ” shall mean the Thin Crust Equityholders or the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, as the case may be, on whose behalf a claim for indemnification is being made, and the “ Indemnifying Party ” shall mean the Thin Crust Equityholders or the Deep

 

80


Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, as the case may be, against whom a claim for indemnification is being made. In each case, such indemnification claims shall be made by, the defense of such indemnification claims shall be managed by and all notices to an Indemnified Party or an Indemnifying Party shall be made to, the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative (on behalf of the Thin Crust Equityholders) or the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative (on behalf of the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders), as applicable. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative shall serve in lieu of Thin Crust Equityholder Representative for purposes of this paragraph for (i) indemnification obligations pursuant to Section 9.2(c) , (ii) indemnification obligations for which the sole Indemnified Party is the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders, or (iii) indemnification obligations for which the sole Indemnifying Party is the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders.

(b) The defense of any such Third-Party Claim shall be conducted by Parent; provided, however , that in the event that the Indemnifying Party seeks to direct the defense of such Third-Party Claim through Parent, the Indemnifying Party shall notify Parent and the Indemnified Party of such election (which notification shall constitute an acknowledgment by the Indemnifying Party that (y) the claims made in such Third-Party Claim are within the scope of, and subject to, indemnification hereunder and (z) the Indemnified Party shall, subject to the limitations on indemnification set forth in this ARTICLE IX , be indemnified for the full amount of any Losses arising out of such Third-Party Claim), and following delivery of such notification, all decisions pertaining to the conduct of such defense by Parent (including the selection of legal counsel and other advisors on behalf of Parent) shall be made by a special committee established by the Parent board of directors and consisting of all members of the Parent board of directors other than those members designated by the equityholders against whom such indemnification claim is being made in consultation with the representative appointed by the Indemnifying Party pursuant to Section 11.2 or 11.3 , as applicable; provided, however , that if the defendants in any such Third-Party Claim include both Parent and the Indemnifying Party, and the Indemnified Party shall have reasonably concluded that there exists any actual conflict of interest between the Indemnifying Party and Parent, the Indemnifying Party shall not have the right to direct the defense of such action but shall have the right to retain one separate counsel reasonably satisfactory to Parent to defend such action on behalf of the Indemnifying Party. Should the Indemnifying Party so elect to direct the defense of a Third-Party Claim, the Indemnified Party shall have the right to participate in (but not direct) the defense thereof and to employ counsel separate from the counsel selected by the special committee referenced above.

(c) If the Indemnifying Party chooses to direct the defense of a Third-Party Claim in accordance with Section 9.4(b) , (i) Parent shall cooperate in the defense or prosecution thereof, (ii) Parent shall not admit any liability with respect to, or settle, compromise or discharge, such Third-Party Claim without the Indemnifying Party’s prior written consent and (iii) the Indemnifying Party shall not agree to any settlement, compromise or discharge of such Third-Party Claim without Parent’s prior written consent unless such settlement, compromise or discharge (y) does not require any payment or other action by, or limitation on, Parent and (z) fully releases Parent in connection with such Third-Party Claim.

(d) In the event any Indemnified Party should have a claim against any Indemnifying Party under this ARTICLE IX that does not involve a Third-Party Claim, the

 

81


Indemnified Party shall, in order to have a proper notice hereunder, deliver written notice of such claim to the Indemnifying Party promptly following the Indemnified Party becoming aware of the same specifying in reasonable detail the basis for such indemnification and stating the amount of the Losses and details of the method of computation thereof, and containing a reference to the provisions of this Agreement in respect of which such right of indemnification is claimed or arises.

(e) Within twenty (20) Business Days after receiving prior written notice of a claim for an indemnifiable Loss pursuant to Section 9.4(d) that is not a Third-Party Claim, the Indemnifying Party shall, by written notice to the Indemnified Party, either concede or deny liability for the claim in whole or in part. If the Indemnifying Party denies liability in whole or in part then no equity ownership adjustment pursuant to Section 9.5 shall be made (except for the amount of any conceded liability) until the matter is fully resolved in accordance with this Agreement ( i.e. , to the extent mutually agreed by the Indemnified Party and Indemnifying Party or otherwise finally resolved (as between the parties) by a Court of competent jurisdiction).

(f) The fees, costs and other disbursements payable to any outside legal counsel, accountant, consultant or other advisor reasonably retained by Parent in connection with any claim for indemnification made in accordance with this ARTICLE IX shall be deemed indemnifiable Losses of the prevailing party (whether such party is the Indemnified Party or the Indemnifying Party) for purposes of calculating any adjustment to the equity holdings under Section 9.5 . Each Indemnified Party and each Indemnifying Party may, instead of paying the out-of-pocket fees, costs and other disbursements incurred in connection with its retention or other engagement of outside legal counsel, accountants, consultants and other advisors related to any such claim for indemnification, seek payment from Parent of any and all invoiced amounts for all such reasonably retained advisors, it being understood that upon the final resolution of any claim for indemnification hereunder in accordance with this Agreement ( i.e. , to the extent mutually agreed by the Indemnified Party and Indemnifying Party or otherwise finally resolved (as between the parties) by a Court of competent jurisdiction), the aggregate amount of such payments shall be deemed indemnifiable Losses of the prevailing party (whether such party is the Indemnified Party or the Indemnifying Party) for purposes of calculating any adjustment to the equity holdings of the parties hereto under Section 9.5 .

9.5 Settlement of Indemnification Claims . Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any indemnifiable Losses hereunder shall not be settled in cash, but rather shall be settled as follows:

(a) Procedure .

(i) Either the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative (on behalf of the Thin Crust Equityholders) or the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative (on behalf of the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders) may from time to time make claims for indemnification (each, an “ Indemnification Claim ”) pursuant to Sections 9.2(a) and 9.2(b) , as applicable, by submitting to Parent (1) a joint settlement agreement, signed by both the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative and the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative, setting forth, in reasonable detail, the parties’ proposed settlement of any indemnifiable Loss or (2) a court order or other final determination from a court of

 

82


competent jurisdiction (which court order shall have been obtained in accordance with Section 11.14 of this Agreement) that either the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders or the Thin Crust Equityholders are entitled to indemnification pursuant to Sections 9.2(a) or 9.2(b) , as applicable (the parties seeking indemnification pursuant to any Indemnification Claim, whether it be the Thin Crust Equityholders the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, or the SHC Tax Indemnified Parties, are referred to as the “ Indemnified Group ” with respect to such Indemnification Claim). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative shall serve in lieu of Thin Crust Equityholder Representative for purposes of this paragraph for (i) indemnification obligations pursuant to Section 9.2(c) , (ii) indemnification obligations for which the sole Indemnified Party is the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders, or (iii) indemnification obligations for which the sole Indemnifying Party is the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders.

(ii) The Thin Crust Equityholder Representative or the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative (on behalf of the SHC Tax Indemnified Parties) may from time to time make Indemnification Claims pursuant to Section 9.2(c) by submitting to Parent (1) a settlement agreement, signed by each of the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative, the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative, and the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative setting forth, in reasonable detail, the parties’ proposed settlement of any indemnifiable Loss or (2) a court order or other final determination from a court of competent jurisdiction (which court order shall have been obtained in accordance with Section 11.14 of this Agreement) that the SHC Tax Indemnified Parties are entitled to indemnification pursuant to Section 9.2(c) . In connection with any indemnity claim under Section 9.2(c) , the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative acknowledges that it will be acting as a representative of the SHC Tax Indemnified Parties.

(iii) Parent hereby covenants and agrees to effect a Deep Dish Indemnity Issuance, a Thin Crust Indemnity Issuance, or an SHC Tax Indemnity Issuance, as applicable, in settlement of any Indemnification Claim which is properly submitted to Parent in accordance with Sections 9.5(a)(i) or 9.5(a)(ii) above. The Indemnification Committee shall be responsible for the administration and approval of any such Indemnity Issuance, in each case in accordance with the terms of Section 2.2(c) of the Parent Stockholders’ Agreement.

(b) In the event that it is finally determined in accordance with Sections 9.4 and 9.5(a) above that an Indemnified Group is entitled to indemnification pursuant to this Article IX , then:

(i) (1) if the Indemnified Group is the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, Parent shall issue to the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders (pro-rata in accordance with each Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholder’s Deep Dish Pro Rata Share) an aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock such that the Deep Dish Aggregate Pro Rata Share equals the Deep Dish Adjusted Percentage (a “ Deep Dish Indemnity Issuance ”), (2) if the Indemnified Group is the Thin Crust Equityholders, Parent shall issue to the Thin Crust Equityholders (pro-rata in accordance with each Thin

 

83


Crust Equityholder’s Thin Crust Pro Rata Share) an aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock such that the Thin Crust Aggregate Pro Rata Share equals the Thin Crust Adjusted Percentage (a “ Thin Crust Indemnity Issuance ”), and (3) if the Indemnified Group is the SHC Tax Indemnified Parties in connection with a claim for indemnification pursuant to Section 9.2(c) , then Parent shall issue to the SHC Tax Indemnified Parties (pro-rata in accordance with their respective SHC Tax Pro Rata Shares) an aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock such that the SHC Tax Aggregate Pro Rata Share equals the SHC Tax Adjusted Percentage (an “ SHC Tax Indemnity Issuance ”), in each case as determined using the following methodologies:

in the case of a Deep Dish Indemnity Issuance :

 

Deep Dish Aggregate Pro Rata Share    =    N DD / N TOTAL
Deep Dish Adjusted Percentage    =    V DD / (V-L)

Where :

     
V DD    =    DD PCT * V

in the case of a Thin Crust Indemnity Issuance :

 

Thin Crust Aggregate Pro Rata Share    =    N TC / N TOTAL
Thin Crust Adjusted Percentage    =    V TC / (V-L)

Where :

     
V TC    =    TC PCT * V

in the case of an SHC Tax Indemnity Issuance :

 

SHC Tax Aggregate Pro Rata Share    =    N TAX / N TOTAL
SHC Tax Adjusted Percentage    =    V TAX / (V-L)

Where :

     
V TAX    =    Tax PCT * V

(ii) For purposes of the foregoing formulas, the following definitions shall apply:

(A) “ N DD ” shall mean the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock actually held by all Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis), (1) after giving effect to the applicable Deep Dish Indemnity Issuance, and (2) without giving effect to any issuances of Parent Capital Stock to any of the Deep Dish Equityholders or Thin Crust Equityholders other than (y) issuances resulting from the consummation of the Transactions and (z) prior Indemnity Issuances, if any;

(B) “ N TC ” shall mean the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by all Thin Crust Equityholders (on an as-converted

 

84


to Parent Common Stock basis), (1) after giving effect to the applicable Thin Crust Indemnity Issuance, and (2) without giving effect to any issuances of Parent Capital Stock to any of the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders or Thin Crust Equityholders other than (y) issuances resulting from the consummation of the Transactions and (z) prior Indemnity Issuances, if any;

(C) “ N TAX ” shall mean the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by all SHC Tax Indemnified Parties (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis), (1) after giving effect to the applicable SHC Tax Indemnity Issuance, and (2) without giving effect to any issuances of Parent Capital Stock to any of the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders or Thin Crust Equityholders other than (y) issuances resulting from the consummation of the Transactions and (z) prior Indemnity Issuances, if any;

(D) “ N TOTAL ” shall mean the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by all Thin Crust Equityholders and Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, collectively, in each case, (1) after giving effect to the applicable Indemnity Issuance and (2) without giving effect to any issuances of Parent Capital Stock to any of the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders or Thin Crust Equityholders other than (y) issuances resulting from the consummation of the Transactions and (z) prior Indemnity Issuances, if any;

(E) “ D DPCT ” shall mean (i) if no prior Deep Dish Indemnity Issuances or Thin Crust Indemnity Issuances shall have occurred, the Deep Dish Closing Date Percentage, and (ii) if any prior Indemnity Issuances shall have occurred, the amount, expressed as a percentage, obtained by dividing (y) the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by all Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis); by (z) the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by the Thin Crust Equityholders and the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, collectively (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis), in each case (1) after giving effect to the immediately preceding Indemnity Issuance, and (2) without giving effect to any issuances of Parent Capital Stock to any of the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders or Thin Crust Equityholders other than (y) issuances resulting from the consummation of the Transactions and (z) prior Indemnity Issuances, if any;

(F) “ TC PCT ” shall mean (i) if no prior Deep Dish Indemnity Issuances or Thin Crust Indemnity Issuances shall have occurred, the Thin Crust Closing Date Percentage, and (ii) if any prior Indemnity Issuances shall have occurred, the amount, expressed as a percentage, obtained by dividing (y) the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by all Thin Crust Equityholders (on an as-converted to Parent Common

 

85


Stock basis); by (z) the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by the Thin Crust Equityholders and the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, collectively (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis), in each case (1) after giving effect to the immediately preceding Indemnity Issuance, and (2) without giving effect to any issuances of Parent Capital Stock to any of the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders or Thin Crust Equityholders other than (y) issuances resulting from the consummation of the Transactions and (z) prior Indemnity Issuances, if any;

(G) “ Tax PCT ” shall mean (i) if no prior Indemnity Issuances shall have occurred, the Tax Closing Date Percentage, and (ii) if any prior Indemnity Issuances shall have occurred, the amount, expressed as a percentage, obtained by dividing (y) the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by all SHC Tax Indemnified Parties (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis); by (z) the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock held by the Thin Crust Equityholders and the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, collectively (on an as-converted to Parent Common Stock basis), in each case (1) after giving effect to the immediately preceding Indemnity Issuance, and (2) without giving effect to any issuances of Parent Capital Stock to any of the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders or Thin Crust Equityholders other than (y) issuances resulting from the consummation of the Transactions and (z) prior Indemnity Issuances;

(H) “ L ” shall mean, with respect to any claim for indemnification under this Agreement, the absolute value of the Loss or Losses giving rise to such claim; and

(I) “ V ” shall mean an amount equal to the greater of (y) $1.75 Billion and (z) the implied aggregate equity value of Parent as determined by reference to the then most recent 409A valuation obtained by Parent.

9.6 Exclusive Remedy . Except for actions grounded in fraud or intentional misrepresentation, the indemnification provided for in this ARTICLE IX shall be the sole post-Closing remedy available to an Indemnified Party in connection with any Losses arising out of matters set forth in this Agreement or the Transactions; provided that nothing herein will limit any Indemnified Party’s rights hereunder or otherwise to injunctive or other similar equitable relief to enforce its rights under this Agreement.

9.7 Termination Upon IPO or Change of Control . Notwithstanding anything in this ARTICLE IX to the contrary, the indemnification provided for in this ARTICLE IX shall terminate automatically upon the earlier to occur of (i) the consummation of an initial public offering of Parent’s or any applicable successor entity’s securities of any class (other than debt securities containing no equity features and which are not convertible into Equity Securities) in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and (ii) a Change of Control (as defined in the Parent Stockholders’ Agreement).

 

86


9.8 Tax Treatment of Indemnification . The parties hereto agree to treat any indemnification made pursuant to this ARTICLE IX as an adjustment to the number of shares of Parent Preferred Stock or Parent Common Stock, as applicable, issued to the Indemnified Group as part of the Organization Transactions, unless otherwise required by Law.

9.9 Purpose of Indemnification . For the avoidance of doubt, the indemnification rights and obligations provided for in this ARTICLE IX are intended to allocate risk among the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders, on the one hand, and the Thin Crust Equityholders, on the other hand, arising out of the Thin Crust Merger and the Contribution (independent of the Deep Dish Merger), and such rights and obligations do not result from, and in no way are a term of, the Deep Dish Merger.

ARTICLE X

TAX MATTERS

10.1 Transfer Taxes . Parent shall be liable for, and shall pay when due, any transfer, value added, excise, stock transfer, stamp, recording, registration and any similar Taxes that become payable in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

10.2 Cooperation on Tax Matters . The parties hereto shall cooperate reasonably with each other in connection with the filing of any Tax Return and any audit, litigation or other proceeding with respect to Taxes. Such cooperation shall include the retention and provision of records and information that are reasonably relevant to any such Tax Return, audit, litigation or other proceeding and making employees available on a mutually convenient basis to provide additional information and explanation of any material provided hereunder.

10.3 Filing of Tax Returns .

(a) Filing of Pre-Closing Tax Returns After the Closing Date .

(i) Parent shall prepare or cause to be prepared and file or cause to be filed all Tax Returns for Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries for all Pre-Closing Tax Periods that are filed after the Closing Date. At least ten (10) Business Days prior to filing any such Tax Return, Parent shall provide each such Tax Return described in the preceding sentence to the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative and (1) if any Taxes shown as due on such Tax Return would not reasonably be expected to be payable by the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder, shall consider in good faith any changes reasonably requested by the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative and (2) if any Taxes shown as due on such Tax Return would reasonably be expected to be payable by the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder, shall make any changes reasonably requested by the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative.

(ii) Parent shall prepare or cause to be prepared and file or cause to be filed all Tax Returns for Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries for all Pre-Closing Tax Periods that are filed after the Closing Date. At least ten (10) Business Days prior to filing any such Tax Return, Parent shall provide each such Tax Return described in the preceding sentence to the Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and the Thin Crust Equityholder

 

87


Corp. Stockholder Representative and (1) if any Taxes shown as due on such Tax Return would not reasonably be expected to be payable by the Thin Crust Equityholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder or otherwise or payable by ARAMARK Holdings Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the direct or indirect owners of the Thin Crust Equityholders, shall consider in good faith any changes reasonably requested by the Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative and (2) if any Taxes shown as due on such Tax Return would reasonably be expected to be payable by the Thin Crust Equityholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder or otherwise or payable by ARAMARK Holdings Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the direct or indirect owners of the Thin Crust Equityholders, shall make any changes reasonably requested by the Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative.

(iii) Parent shall prepare or cause to be prepared and file or cause to be filed all Tax Returns for Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. (other than any consolidated, combined, unitary or similar Tax Returns filed or required to be filed by any group the common parent of which is ARAMARK Holdings Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries) for all Pre-Closing Tax Periods that are filed after the Closing Date. At least ten (10) Business Days prior to filing any such Tax Return, Parent shall provide each such Tax Return described in the preceding sentence to the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative and (1) if any Taxes shown as due on such Tax Return would not reasonably be expected to be payable by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder, shall consider in good faith any changes reasonably requested by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative and (2) if any Taxes shown as due on such Tax Return would reasonably be expected to be payable by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder, shall make any changes reasonably requested by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative.

(b) Filing of Straddle Period Returns .

(i) Parent shall prepare or cause to be prepared and file or cause to be filed all Tax Returns for Deep Dish and the Deep Dish Subsidiaries for Straddle Periods. At least ten (10) Business Days prior to filing any such Tax Return, Parent shall provide each such Tax Return described in the preceding sentence to the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative and (1) if any Taxes shown as due on such Tax Return would not reasonably be expected to be payable by the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder, shall consider in good faith any changes reasonably requested by the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative and (2) if any Taxes shown as due on such Tax Return would reasonably be expected to be payable by the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder, shall make any changes reasonably requested by the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative to the extent such changes would relate to the portion of such Taxes reported on such Tax Return that would reasonably be expected to be payable by the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder.

 

88


(ii) Parent shall prepare or cause to be prepared and file or cause to be filed all Tax Returns for Thin Crust and the Thin Crust Subsidiaries for Straddle Periods. At least ten (10) Business Days prior to filing any such Tax Return, Parent shall provide each such Tax Return described in the preceding sentence to the Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative and (1) if any Taxes shown as due on such Tax Return would not reasonably be expected to be payable by the Thin Crust Equityholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder or otherwise or payable by ARAMARK Holdings Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the direct or indirect owners of the Thin Crust Equityholders, shall consider in good faith any changes reasonably requested by the Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative and (2) if any Taxes shown as due on such Tax Return would reasonably be expected to be payable by the Thin Crust Equityholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder or otherwise or payable by ARAMARK Holdings Corporation of any or its Subsidiaries or any of the direct or indirect owners of the Thin Crust Equityholders, shall make any changes reasonably requested by the Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative to the extent such changes would relate to the portion of such Taxes reported on such Tax Return that would reasonably be expected to be payable by the Thin Crust Equityholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder.

(iii) Parent shall prepare or cause to be prepared and file or cause to be filed all Tax Returns for Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. for Straddle Periods. At least ten (10) Business Days prior to filing any such Tax Return, Parent shall provide each such Tax Return described in the preceding sentence to the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative and (1) if any Taxes shown as due on such Tax Return would not reasonably be expected to be payable by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder, shall consider in good faith any changes reasonably requested by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative and (2) if any Taxes shown as due on such Tax Return would reasonably be expected to be payable by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder, shall make any changes reasonably requested by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative to the extent such changes would relate to the portion of such Taxes reported on such Tax Return that would reasonably be expected to be payable by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder.

10.4 Tax Proration . In the case of any Taxes that are imposed on a periodic basis and are payable for a Straddle Period, the portion of such Tax that relates to the portion of such Tax period ending on the Closing Date shall (i) in the case of any Taxes other than Taxes based upon or related to income or receipts, be deemed to be the amount of such Tax for the entire Tax period multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of days in the Tax period ending on the Closing Date and the denominator of which is the number of days in the entire Tax period, and (ii) in the case of any Tax based upon or related to income or receipts, be deemed equal to the amount which would by payable if the relevant Tax period ended on the Closing Date.

 

89


10.5 Contest Provisions .

(a) The Deep Dish Stockholder Representative and Parent shall give prompt notice to the other of any Tax Contest with respect to any Tax Return of Deep Dish or any Deep Dish Subsidiary for a Pre-Closing Tax Period. Parent shall have the right to control the conduct and resolution of such Tax Contest; provided, however, the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative may control any such Tax Contest to the extent such Tax Contest could reasonably be expected to result in Taxes payable by the Deep Dish Post-Merger Equityholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder, but, in such case, (i) Parent shall be permitted at its own expense to participate in the portion of such Tax Contest that is controlled by the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative, and (ii) any settlement, compromise, or discharge of such Tax Contest by the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative shall be subject to the prior written consent of Parent, not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed.

(b) Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative, on the one hand, and Parent, on the other hand, shall give prompt notice to the other of any Tax Contest with respect to any Tax Return of Thin Crust or any Thin Crust Subsidiary for a Pre-Closing Tax Period. Parent shall have the right to control the conduct and resolution of such Tax Contest; provided, however, Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative may control any such Tax Contest to the extent such Tax Contest could reasonably be expected to result in Taxes payable by the Thin Crust Equityholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder or otherwise or payable by ARAMARK Holdings Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the direct or indirect owners of the Thin Crust Equityholders, but, in such case (i) Parent shall be permitted at its own expense to participate in the portion of such Tax Contest that is controlled by Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative, and (ii) any settlement, compromise, or discharge of such Tax Contest by the Thin Crust Equityholder LLC and the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative shall be subject to the prior written consent of Parent, not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed.

(c) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative and Parent shall give prompt notice to the other of any Tax Contest with respect to any Tax Return of Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. for a Pre-Closing Tax Period. Parent shall have the right to control the conduct and resolution of such Tax Contest; provided, however, the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative may control any such Tax Contest to the extent such Tax Contest could reasonably be expected to result in Taxes payable by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders pursuant to their indemnification obligations hereunder, but, in such case (i) Parent shall be permitted at its own expense to participate in the portion of such Tax Contest that is controlled by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative, and (ii) any settlement, compromise, or discharge of such Tax Contest by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative shall be subject to the prior written consent of Parent, not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed; provided, however, the foregoing shall not apply to any Tax Contests relating to any consolidated, combined, unitary or similar Tax Returns filed or required to be filed by any group the common parent of which is ARAMARK Holdings Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries), which shall be solely controlled by ARAMARK Holdings Corporation of its Subsidiaries (but, for the avoidance of doubt, shall be subject to any applicable rights of Parent under the Tax Matters Agreement).

 

90


10.6 FIRPTA Certificate . At or before the Closing, each of Deep Dish, Thin Crust Equityholder Corp, and the Remaining Thin Crust Equityholders shall deliver to Parent such forms and certificates, duly executed and acknowledged, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Parent, certifying that the transactions hereunder are exempt from withholding under Section 1445 of the Code.

10.7 Overlap . In the event of any conflict or overlap between the provisions of this ARTICLE X and the provisions of ARTICLE IX , the provisions of this ARTICLE X shall govern.

10.8 Additional Tax Matters .

(a) Each of the parties to this Agreement shall treat (i) the Organization Transactions as part of an integrated transaction by which (A) each Deep Dish Equityholder, (B) each Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder, (C) Thin Crust Equityholder LLC, and (D) the other Remaining Thin Crust Equityholders are treated as transferring (I) Deep Dish shares, (II) Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. shares, (III) Thin Crust Preferred Units, and (IV) Thin Crust Common Units, respectively, to Parent in a transaction qualifying under Section 351 of the Code, (ii) the Deep Dish Recapitalization as a “reorganization” pursuant to Section 368(a)(1)(E) of the Code, (iii) the Thin Crust Merger as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code and (iv) the Deep Dish Merger as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code. The parties hereto shall file their Tax Returns consistent with the foregoing and shall take no action inconsistent with the foregoing, unless otherwise required by Law.

(b) The parties hereto shall each use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Organization Transactions to qualify, and shall use its commercially reasonable efforts not to, and not to permit or cause any of its Affiliates to, take any action not expressly contemplated by this Agreement that could reasonably be expected prevent or impede (i) the Organization Transactions from qualifying under Section 351 of the Code, (ii) the Deep Dish Recapitalization from qualifying as a reorganization pursuant to Section 368(a)(1)(E) of the Code and (iii) the Thin Crust Merger from qualifying as a “reorganization” under Section 368(a) of the Code and (iv) the Deep Dish Merger from qualifying as a “reorganization” under Section 368(a) of the Code.

(c) Immediately after the Closing, Parent shall have no plan or intention of causing the Parent to become an “investment company” within the meaning of Section 351 of the Code.

(d) Parent shall have no plan or intent to cause the dissolution of Deep Dish or Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. following the Closing, and Parent shall not voluntarily cause such dissolution of Deep Dish or Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. within a period of twelve months following the Closing.

(e) Not later than 60 days following the date audited financials for Thin Crust are available for the taxable year that includes the Closing Date, Parent and Thin Crust Equityholder LLC shall cooperate to determine the amount of taxable income that was properly allocable to Thin Crust Equityholder LLC for the portion of such taxable year ending on the

 

91


Closing Date based on a closing of the books method, and to the extent that the difference between (x) the tax distributions recalculated by multiplying the amount of such properly allocable taxable income by 44% (“ Recalculated TC Tax Distributions ”) and (y) the actual tax distributions that Thin Crust made to Thin Crust Equityholder LLC with respect to such taxable year (“ Actual TC Tax Distributions ”) exceeds $25,000, then (i) Thin Crust shall pay to Thin Crust Equityholder LLC the excess, if any, of the Recalculated TC Tax Distributions over the Actual TC Tax Distributions or (ii) Thin Crust Equityholder LLC shall pay to Thin Crust the excess, if any, of the Actual Tax Distributions over the Recalculated TC Tax Distributions.

ARTICLE XI

MISCELLANEOUS

11.1 Amendment . This Agreement may not be amended other than in an instrument in writing signed by Deep Dish and Thin Crust.

11.2 Thin Crust Equityholder Representative .

(a) Each of the Thin Crust Equityholders hereby constitutes and appoints, effective from and after the date hereof, the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative, as the agent and attorney-in-fact of such Thin Crust Equityholders to act under this Agreement in accordance with the terms of this Section 11.2 .

(b) The Thin Crust Equityholder Representative has been authorized by the Thin Crust Equityholders for or on behalf of such Thin Crust Equityholders, to:

(i) administer any Third-Party Claim or indemnity claim hereunder on behalf of the Thin Crust Equityholders as a group arising in accordance with ARTICLE IX , and to engage special counsel, accountants and other advisors on behalf of the Thin Crust Equityholders and incur such other expenses in connection with any of the foregoing;

(ii) cause the covenants and agreements of the Thin Crust Equityholders contained in this Agreement to be performed; and

(iii) take such other action after the Closing on behalf of the Thin Crust Equityholders under this Agreement as such Thin Crust Equityholder Representative may deem appropriate.

(c) Deep Dish and Thin Crust shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall be fully protected in relying upon, the power and authority of the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative without independent investigation. Deep Dish and Thin Crust shall have no liability whatsoever to any Thin Crust Equityholders for any acts or omissions of the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative, or any acts or omissions taken or not taken by Deep Dish and Thin Crust or any other Persons at the direction of the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative.

(d) To the maximum extent permissible by Law, the Thin Crust Equityholders’ Representative will incur no liability to the Thin Crust Equityholders with respect to any action or inaction taken or failed to be taken in connection with its services as the Thin

 

92


Crust Equityholder Representative, except for its own fraud or willful misconduct. In all questions arising under this Agreement, the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative may rely on the advice of counsel, and the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative will not be liable to any Thin Crust Equityholder for anything done, omitted or suffered in good faith by the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative based on such advice.

11.3 Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative .

(a) Each of the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders hereby constitutes and appoints, effective from and after the date hereof, the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative, as the agent and attorney-in-fact of such Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders to act under this Agreement in accordance with the terms of this Section 11.3 .

(b) The Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders Representative has been authorized by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders for or on behalf of such Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders, to:

(i) administer any Third-Party Claim or indemnity claim hereunder on behalf of the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders as a group arising in accordance with ARTICLE IX , and to engage special counsel, accountants and other advisors on behalf of the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders and incur such other expenses in connection with any of the foregoing;

(ii) cause the covenants and agreements of the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders contained in this Agreement to be performed; and

(iii) take such other action after the Closing on behalf of the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders under this Agreement as such Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative may deem appropriate.

(c) Deep Dish and Thin Crust shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall be fully protected in relying upon, the power and authority of the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative without independent investigation. Deep Dish and Thin Crust shall have no liability whatsoever to any Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders for any acts or omissions of the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative, or any acts or omissions taken or not taken by Deep Dish and Thin Crust or any other Persons at the direction of the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative.

(d) To the maximum extent permissible by Law, the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative will incur no liability to the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders with respect to any action or inaction taken or failed to be taken in connection with its services as the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative, except for its own fraud or willful misconduct. In all questions arising under this Agreement, the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative may rely on the advice of counsel, and the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative will not be liable to any Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholders for anything done, omitted or suffered in good faith by the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative based on such advice.

 

93


11.4 Deep Dish Stockholder Representative .

(a) The Deep Dish Equityholders hereby constitute and appoint, effective from and after the date hereof, the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative, as the agent and attorney-in-fact of the Deep Dish Equityholders to act under this Agreement in accordance with the terms of this Section 11.4 .

(b) The Deep Dish Stockholder Representative has been authorized by the Deep Dish Equityholders for or on behalf of the Deep Dish Equityholders, to:

(i) administer any Third-Party Claim or indemnity claim hereunder on behalf of the Deep Dish Equityholders arising in accordance with ARTICLE IX , and to engage special counsel, accountants and other advisors on behalf of the Deep Dish Equityholders and incur such other expenses in connection with any of the foregoing;

(ii) cause the covenants and agreements of Deep Dish contained in this Agreement to be performed following the Closing, as applicable; and

(iii) take such other action after the Closing on behalf of the Deep Dish Equityholders under this Agreement as such Deep Dish Stockholder Representative may deem appropriate.

(c) Parent, any Subsidiary of Parent and the Thin Crust Equityholders shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall be fully protected in relying upon, the power and authority of the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative without independent investigation. None of Parent, any Parent Subsidiary or the Thin Crust Equityholders shall have any liability whatsoever to the Deep Dish Equityholders for any acts or omissions of the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative, or any acts or omissions taken or not taken by Parent, any Parent Subsidiary or any Thin Crust Equityholders or any other Persons at the direction of the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative.

(d) To the maximum extent permissible by Law, the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative will incur no liability to the Deep Dish Equityholders with respect to any action or inaction taken or failed to be taken in connection with its services as the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative, except for its own willful misconduct. In all questions arising under this Agreement, the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative may rely on the advice of counsel, and Deep Dish Stockholder Representative will not be liable to any Deep Dish Equityholder for anything done, omitted or suffered in good faith by the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative based on such advice.

11.5 Waiver . Any party hereto may extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or other acts required hereunder, waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties contained herein or in any document delivered pursuant hereto and waive compliance with any of the agreements or conditions contained herein. Any such extension or waiver shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed by the party or parties to be bound thereby. Except where a specific period for action or inaction is provided herein, neither the failure nor any delay on the part of any party hereto in exercising any right, power or privilege under this Agreement or any Related Agreements shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any waiver on the part of any party hereto of any such right, power or privilege,

 

94


nor any single or partial exercise of any such right, power or privilege, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other such right, power or privilege. The failure of a party hereto to exercise any right conferred herein within the time required shall cause such right to terminate with respect to the transaction or circumstances giving rise to such right, but not to any such right arising as a result of any other transactions or circumstances.

11.6 Notices . All notices or other communications which are required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and sufficient if delivered personally, sent by nationally recognized overnight courier or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) or by facsimile (with written confirmation of transmission) as follows:

 

  (a) If, prior to the Closing, to Deep Dish:

111 W. Washington St., Suite 2100

Chicago, IL 60602

Attention: Matt Maloney

Facsimile: (312) 252-1830

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Goodwin Procter LLP

135 Commonwealth Drive

Menlo Park, CA 94025

Attention: Craig Schmitz, Esq.

Facsimile: (650) 752-3266

 

  (b) If, following the Closing, to Parent:

111 W. Washington St., Suite 2100

Chicago, IL 60602

Attention: Matt Maloney

Facsimile: (312) 252-1830

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Goodwin Procter LLP

135 Commonwealth Drive

Menlo Park, CA 94025

Attention: Craig Schmitz, Esq.

Facsimile: (650) 752-3266

 

  (c) If, prior to the Closing, to Thin Crust:

Seamless North America, LLC

1065 Avenue of the Americas, Floor 15

New York, NY 10018

Attention: Margo Drucker

 

95


Facsimile: (646) 417-6850

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Latham & Watkins

505 Montgomery Street, Suite 2000

San Francisco, CA 94111

Attention: Scott R. Haber, Esq.

Facsimile: (415) 395-8095

 

  (d) If to the Thin Crust Equityholders:

Seamless Holdings Corporation

1101 Market Street

Philadelphia, PA 19107

Attention: President

Facsimile: (215) 238-3388

and

Spectrum Equity Investors

333 Middlefield Road

Menlo Park, CA 94025

Attention: Benjamin C. Spero

Facsimile: (415) 464-4601

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Latham & Watkins

505 Montgomery Street, Suite 2000

San Francisco, CA 94111

Attention: Scott R. Haber, Esq.

Facsimile: (415) 395-8095

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP

425 Lexington Ave.

New York, NY 10017

Attention: Steven C. Todrys, Esq.

Facsimile: (212) 455-2502

 

  (e) If to the Thin Crust Equityholder Representative:

Benjamin C. Spero

c/o Spectrum Equity Investors

333 Middlefield Road

Menlo Park, CA 94025

 

96


Attention: Benjamin C. Spero

Facsimile: (415) 464-4601

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Latham & Watkins

505 Montgomery Street, Suite 2000

San Francisco, CA 94111

Attention: Scott R. Haber, Esq.

Facsimile: (415) 395-8095

 

  (f) If to the Thin Crust Equityholder Corp. Stockholder Representative:

Justin Sadrian

c/o Warburg Pincus

One Market Plaza

Spear Tower, Suite 1700

San Francisco, CA 94105

Facsimile: (415) 659-0045

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP

425 Lexington Ave.

New York, NY 10017

Attention: Steven C. Todrys, Esq.

Facsimile: (212) 455-2502

 

  (g) If to the Deep Dish Equityholders:

Steven Spurlock

c/o Benchmark Capital

2480 Sand Hill Road, Suite 200

Menlo Park, CA 94025

Facsimile: (650) 475-8490

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Goodwin Procter LLP

135 Commonwealth Drive

Menlo Park, CA 94025

Attention: Craig Schmitz, Esq.

Facsimile: (650) 752-3266

 

  (h) If to the Deep Dish Stockholder Representative:

Steven Spurlock

c/o Benchmark Capital

 

97


2480 Sand Hill Road, Suite 200

Menlo Park, CA 94025

Facsimile: (650) 475-8490

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Goodwin Procter LLP

135 Commonwealth Drive

Menlo Park, CA 94025

Attention: Craig Schmitz, Esq.

Facsimile: (650) 752-3266

or to such other address as the party to whom notice is to be given may have furnished to the other parties in writing in accordance with this Section 11.6 . All such notices or communications shall be deemed to be received (i) in the case of personal delivery, nationally recognized overnight courier or registered or certified mail, on the date of such delivery and (ii) in the case of facsimile, upon receipt.

11.7 Specific Performance . The parties agree that irreparable damage would occur and that the parties would not have any adequate remedy at law in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that the parties shall be entitled to an injunction, specific performance or other equitable remedy to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions of this Agreement in the Delaware Courts and, in any action for specific performance, each party waives the defense of adequacy of a remedy at law and waives any requirement for the securing or posting of any bond in connection with such remedy, this being in addition to any other remedy to which they are entitled at law or in equity. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the parties agree that each party shall be entitled to an injunction, specific performance or other equitable remedy to specifically enforce the other parties’ obligations to effect the Closing on the terms and conditions set forth herein in the event that, where Deep Dish is the party seeking to specifically enforce Thin Crust’s obligations to effect the Closing, the conditions set forth in Sections 7.1 and 7.3 (other than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, provided that each such condition is then capable of being satisfied at the Closing) have been satisfied (and remain satisfied) or waived (the “ Deep Dish Closing Conditions ”), and where Thin Crust is the party seeking to specifically enforce Deep Dish’s obligations to effect the Closing, the conditions set forth in Sections 7.1 and 7.2 (other than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, provided that each such condition is then capable of being satisfied at the Closing) have been satisfied (and remain satisfied) or waived (the “ Thin Crust Closing Conditions ”). Each of the parties agrees that it will not oppose the granting of an injunction, specific performance or other equitable relief on the basis that any other party has an adequate remedy at law or that any such injunction or award of specific performance or other equitable relief is not an appropriate remedy for any reason; provided that solely with respect to the equitable remedy to specifically enforce a party’s obligations to effect the Closing, such party may oppose the granting of specific performance only on the basis that one of the Deep Dish Closing Conditions or Thin Crust Closing Conditions, as applicable, has not been satisfied or waived. The parties hereto further agree that (i) by seeking the remedies provided for in this

 

98


Section 11.6 , a party shall not in any respect waive its right to seek any other form of relief that may be available to a party under this Agreement (including monetary damages) for breach of any of the provisions of this Agreement or in the event that this Agreement has been terminated, and (ii) nothing set forth in this Section 11.7 shall require any party hereto to institute any proceeding for (or limit any party’s right to institute any proceeding for) specific performance under this Section 11.7 prior or as a condition to exercising any termination right under ARTICLE VIII (and pursuing damages after such termination), nor shall the commencement of any proceeding pursuant to this Section 11.7 or anything set forth in this Section 11.7 restrict or limit any party’s right to terminate this Agreement in accordance with the terms of ARTICLE VIII or, subject to Section 8.2 , pursue any other remedies under this Agreement that may be available at any time.

11.8 Interpretation .

(a) When a reference is made in this Agreement to Sections, subsections or exhibits, such reference shall be to a Section, subsection, or exhibit to this Agreement unless otherwise indicated. The words “include,” “includes” and “including,” when used herein, shall be deemed in each case to be followed by the words “without limitation.” Terms defined in the singular shall include the plural and vice versa, and any reference to the masculine, feminine or neuter gender shall include each other gender. The words “hereof,” “herein” and “hereunder” and words of like import used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement. Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, the word “material,” when used in reference to any party’s representations, warranties, covenants or agreements, shall mean material in relation to such party. Unless expressly provided otherwise, the measure of a period of one month or year for purposes of this Agreement shall be that date of the following month or year corresponding to the starting date, provided that if no corresponding date exists, the measure shall be that date of the following month or year corresponding to the next day following the starting date. For example, one month following February 18 is March 18, and one month following March 31 is May 1. The table of contents and the headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. In the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement and the agreements, documents and instruments executed and delivered in connection herewith shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any provisions of this Agreement and the agreements, documents and instruments executed and delivered in connection herewith.

(b) The Disclosure Schedules are hereby incorporated by reference into the sections in which they are directly referenced. The disclosures in any Section or subsection of the Disclosure Schedules shall qualify other Sections and subsections of this Agreement only to the extent it is reasonably apparent from the face of such disclosure or the context in which such disclosure is made that such disclosure will be deemed to be disclosed with respect to any other Section or subsection of the Agreement. The Disclosure Schedules and the information and disclosures contained therein are intended only to qualify, limit and provide information described in, as applicable, the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements of the parties contained in this Agreement and shall not be deemed to expand in any way the scope or effect of any such representations, warranties, covenants and agreements.

 

99


11.9 Severability . If any term or provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law or public policy, all other terms and provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner adverse to any party. Upon such determination that any term or provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to amend or otherwise modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner such that that transactions contemplated hereby are fulfilled to the extent possible.

11.10 Entire Agreement . This Agreement, together with the Deep Dish Disclosure Schedule, the Thin Crust Disclosure Schedule, the Related Agreements, and the documents and instruments referred to herein that are to be delivered at the Closing, contain the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the Transactions, and supersede all prior or contemporaneous agreements, written or oral, among the parties or their respective Affiliates with respect thereto, other than the Confidentiality Agreement which shall survive execution of this Agreement and shall terminate in accordance with the provisions thereof. Except as specifically set forth in this Agreement, there are no representations or warranties by any party in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

11.11 Binding Effect; Third Party Beneficiaries; Assignment .

(a) This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns. Nothing in this Agreement shall create or be deemed to create any third party beneficiary rights in any Person not a party to this.

(b) No assignment of this Agreement or of any rights or obligations hereunder may be made by parties hereto directly or indirectly (by operation of law or otherwise), without the prior written consent of Thin Crust, in the case of an assignment by Deep Dish, and Deep Dish, in the case of an assignment by Thin Crust, or the Thin Crust Equityholders, and any attempted assignment without the required consents shall be void. No assignment of any obligations hereunder shall relieve the assigning party of any such obligations or of any liability for any breach by such party or its assignee of any such obligations.

11.12 Failure or Indulgence Not Waiver . No failure or delay on the part of any party hereto in the exercise of any right hereunder will impair such right or be construed to be a waiver of, or acquiescence in, any breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement herein, nor will any single or partial exercise of any such right preclude any other (or further) exercise thereof or of any other right.

11.13 Governing Law . This Agreement (and any claim or controversy arising out of or relating to this Agreement) shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the Law of the State of Delaware without regard to any conflicts of law principles that would require the application of any other Law.

11.14 CONSENT TO JURISDICTION . EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO (A) CONSENTS TO SUBMIT ITSELF TO THE EXCLUSIVE PERSONAL

 

100


JURISDICTION OF THE DELAWARE COURTS IN CONNECTION WITH ANY DISPUTE THAT ARISES OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OF THE TRANSACTIONS, (B) AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT ATTEMPT TO DENY OR DEFEAT SUCH PERSONAL JURISDICTION BY MOTION OR OTHER REQUEST FOR LEAVE FROM ANY SUCH COURT AND (C) AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT BRING ANY ACTION RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER RELATED DOCUMENT OR ANY OF THE TRANSACTIONS IN ANY COURT OTHER THAN THE DELAWARE COURTS UNLESS VENUE WOULD NOT BE PROPER UNDER RULES APPLICABLE IN SUCH COURTS.

11.15 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY WITH RESPECT TO ANY ACTION RELATED TO OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION DOCUMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY.

11.16 Counterparts; Electronic Signatures . This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, which when taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Facsimile or other electronic signatures to this Agreement shall have the same effect as original signatures.

[Remainder of this page intentionally left blank]

 

101


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized.

 

THIN CRUST :
SEAMLESS NORTH AMERICA, LLC
By:  

/s/ Jonathan Zabusky

Name: Jonathan Zabusky
Title:   Chief Executive Officer


DEEP DISH :
GRUBHUB, INC.
By:  

/s/ Matthew Maloney

Name: Matthew Maloney
Title:   Chief Executive Officer


PARENT :
GRUBHUB HOLDINGS INC.
By:  

/s/ Matthew Maloney

Name: Matthew Maloney
Title:   President


DD ACQUISITION SUB :
PIZZA 1 CO.
By:  

/s/ Matthew Maloney

Name: Matthew Maloney
Title:   President


TC ACQUISITION SUB :
PIZZA 2 CO.
By:  

/s/ Matthew Maloney

Name: Matthew Maloney
Title:   President


THIN CRUST EQUITYHOLDERS :
SLW INVESTOR, LLC
By:  

/s/ Benjamin C. Spero

Name: Benjamin C. Spero
Title:   President
SEAMLESS HOLDINGS CORPORATION
By:  

/s/ L. Frederick Sutherland

Name: L. Frederick Sutherland
Title:   President


THIN CRUST EQUITYHOLDERS’

REPRESENTATIVE :

By:  

/s/ Benjamin C. Spero

Name: Benjamin C. Spero

THIN CRUST EQUITYHOLDER CORP.

STOCKHOLDER REPRESENTATIVE :

By:  

/s/ Justin Sadrian

Name: Justin Sadrian

DEEP DISH STOCKHOLDER

REPRESENTATIVE :

By:  

/s/ Steven Spurlock

Name: Steven Spurlock

Exhibit 21.1

Subsidiaries of GrubHub Inc. (f/k/a GrubHub Seamless Inc.)

 

Exact Name of Subsidiaries of Registrant

            as Specified in their Charter

 

State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization

Dotmenu, LLC   Delaware
GrubHub Holdings , Inc.   Delaware
Osmio Acquisition, LLC   Delaware
Seamless Europe, LTD   United Kingdom
Seamless Holdings Corporation   Delaware
Seamless North America, LLC   Delaware
Slick City Media, Inc.   New York
The Menu Marketing Group, LLC   Delaware

Exhibit 23.1

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements give effect to the 1-for-2 reverse split of the common stock and preferred stock of GrubHub Inc. (F/K/A GrubHub Seamless Inc.), which will take place prior to the consummation of the offering. The following consent is in the form which will be furnished by Crowe Horwath LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, upon completion of the 1-for-2 reverse split of the common stock and preferred stock of GrubHub Inc. (F/K/A GrubHub Seamless Inc.) described in the last paragraph of Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements, and assuming that from February 10, 2014 to the date of such completion, no other material events have occurred that would affect the accompanying consolidated financial statements or disclosures therein, except as described in Note 13.

 

/s/ Crowe Horwath LLP

 

Oak Brook, Illinois

March 14, 2014

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

We consent to the use in this Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement of GrubHub Inc. (F/K/A GrubHub Seamless Inc.) on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194219) of our report dated February 10, 2014 (except for the effect of the 1 -for- 2 reverse common and preferred stock split discussed in Note 13, as to which the date is March     , 2014) on the consolidated financial statements of GrubHub Inc. (F/K/A GrubHub Seamless Inc.) and to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in the prospectus.

 

Oak Brook, Illinois

March     , 2014

Exhibit 23.2

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

We consent to the use in this Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement of GrubHub Inc. (F/K/A GrubHub Seamless Inc.) Form S-1 (File No. 333-194219) of our report dated February 18, 2013 on the financial statements of GrubHub Holdings Inc. (F/K/A GrubHub, Inc.) and to reference to us under the heading “Experts” in the prospectus.

 

/s/ Crowe Horwath LLP

 

Oak Brook, Illinois

March 14, 2014