UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 001-35877
HANNON ARMSTRONG SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE CAPITAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland | 46-1347456 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
1906 Towne Centre Blvd Suite 370 Annapolis, MD |
21401 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
(410) 571-9860
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class |
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered |
|
Common Stock, $0.01 par value | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer | ¨ | Accelerated filer | ¨ | |||
Non-accelerated filer | x (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company | ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
As of June 30, 2013, the aggregate market value of the registrants common stock (excluding unvested restricted stock) held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $170.3 million based on the closing sales price of the registrants common stock on Friday, June 28, 2013 as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.
On March 14, 2014, the registrant had a total of 15,892,927 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding (excluding unvested restricted stock).
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrants proxy statement for the 2014 annual meeting of stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
- i -
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
We make forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act) that are subject to risks and uncertainties. For these statements, we claim the protections of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in such Sections. These forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, plans and objectives. When we use the words believe, expect, anticipate, estimate, plan, continue, intend, should, may or similar expressions, we intend to identify forward-looking statements. Statements regarding the following subjects, among others, may be forward-looking:
| the state of government legislation, regulation and policies that support energy efficiency, clean energy and sustainable infrastructure projects and that enhance the economic feasibility of energy efficiency, clean energy and sustainable infrastructure projects and the general market demands for such projects; |
| market trends in our industry, energy markets, commodity prices, interest rates, the debt and lending markets or the general economy; |
| our business and investment strategy; |
| our ability to complete potential new financing opportunities in our pipeline; |
| our relationships with originators, investors, market intermediaries and professional advisers; |
| competition from other providers of financing; |
| our or any other companies projected operating results; |
| actions and initiatives of the U.S. federal, state and local government and changes to U.S. federal, state and local government policies and the execution and impact of these actions, initiatives and policies; |
| the state of the U.S. economy generally or in specific geographic regions, states or municipalities; economic trends and economic recoveries; |
| our ability to obtain and maintain financing arrangements on favorable terms, including securitizations; |
| general volatility of the securities markets in which we participate; |
| changes in the value of our assets, our portfolio of assets and our investment and underwriting process; |
| interest rate and maturity mismatches between our assets and any borrowings used to fund such assets; |
| changes in interest rates and the market value of our target assets; |
| changes in commodity prices; |
| effects of hedging instruments on our target assets; |
| rates of default or decreased recovery rates on our target assets; |
| the degree to which our hedging strategies may or may not protect us from interest rate volatility; |
| impact of and changes in governmental regulations, tax law and rates, accounting guidance and similar matters; |
| our ability to qualify, and maintain our qualification, as a real estate investment trust (REIT) for U.S. federal income tax purposes; |
| our ability to maintain our exception from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act); |
| availability of opportunities to originate energy efficiency, clean energy and sustainable infrastructure projects; |
| availability of qualified personnel; |
| estimates relating to our ability to make distributions to our stockholders in the future; and |
| our understanding of our competition. |
Forward-looking statements are based on beliefs, assumptions and expectations as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made. New risks and uncertainties arise over time, and it is not possible for us to predict those events or how they may affect us. Except as required by law, we are not obligated to, and do not intend to, update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
The risks included here are not exhaustive. Other sections of this Annual Report on Form 10-K may include additional factors that could adversely affect our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors, nor can it assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results.
In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, unless specifically stated otherwise or the context otherwise indicates, references to we, our, us and our company refer to Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc., a Maryland corporation, Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure, L.P., and any of our other subsidiaries. Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure, L.P. is a Delaware limited partnership of which we are the sole general partner and to which we refer in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as our Operating Partnership. Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC, a Maryland limited liability company, the entity that operated our historical business prior to the consummation of our initial public offering on April 23, 2013 (our IPO) and which we refer to as the Predecessor, became our subsidiary upon consummation of our IPO. To the extent any of the financial data included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K is as of a date or from a period prior to the consummation of our IPO, such financial data is that of the Predecessor. The financial data for the Predecessor for such periods do not reflect the material changes to the business as a result of the capital raised in the IPO including the broadened types of projects undertaken, the enhanced financial structuring flexibility and the ability to retain a larger share of the economics from the origination activities. Accordingly, the financial data for the Predecessor is not necessarily indicative of our companys results of operations, cash flows or financial position following the completion of the IPO.
GENERAL
We provide debt and equity financing for sustainable infrastructure projects that increase energy efficiency, provide cleaner energy sources, positively impact the environment or make more efficient use of natural resources.
We began our business more than 30 years ago, and since 2000, using our direct origination platform, we have provided or arranged over $4.5 billion of financing in more than 475 sustainable infrastructure transactions. Over this period, we have become the leading provider of financing for energy efficiency projects for the U.S. federal government, the largest property owner and energy user in the United States. From our IPO in April 2013 to December 31, 2013, we have completed approximately $632 million of sustainable infrastructure transactions.
Our management team has extensive industry knowledge and long-standing relationships with leading originators, institutional investors and other intermediaries in the markets we target. We originate many of our investment opportunities through our relationships with global industrial companies that develop and install sustainable infrastructure projects, such as Chevron, Honeywell International, Ingersoll-Rand, Johnson Controls, Schneider Electric, Siemens and United Technologies as well as a number of U.S. utility companies. We also utilize relationships with a variety of key intermediaries such as investment banks, private equity and infrastructure funds, other institutional investors and industry service providers, to complement our origination and financing activities.
Our strategy in undertaking our IPO was to expand our proven ability to serve the rapidly growing sustainable infrastructure market by increasing our capital resources, enhancing our financial and structuring flexibility, expanding the types of projects and end-customers we pursue, and selectively retaining a larger portion of the economics in the financings we originate. Prior to our IPO, we had traditionally financed our business by accessing the securitization market, primarily utilizing our relationships with institutional investors such as insurance companies and commercial banks. We believe we pioneered the securitization of energy efficiency assets in 2000 through the creation of the Hannon Armstrong Multi-Asset Infrastructure Trust (Hannie Mae). By utilizing the net proceeds from our IPO and our anticipated continued access to the public markets, our strategy is to hold a significantly larger portion of the loans or other assets we originate on our balance sheet, using our own capital in conjunction with both securitizations and other borrowings.
We provide and arrange debt and equity financing primarily for three types of sustainable infrastructure projects:
| Energy Efficiency Projects : projects, typically undertaken by energy services companies (ESCOs), which reduce a buildings or facilitys energy usage or cost through the design and installation of improvements to various building components, including heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, lighting, energy controls, roofs, windows and/or building shells; |
| Clean Energy Projects : projects that deploy cleaner energy sources, such as solar, wind, geothermal and biomass as well as natural gas; and |
| Other Sustainable Infrastructure Projects: projects, such as water or communications infrastructure, that reduce energy consumption, positively impact the environment or make more efficient use of natural resources. |
A number of macro-economic and geopolitical trends and other factors are increasing the demand for the sustainable infrastructure projects we finance. According to a January 2013 report from McKinsey & Co., entitled Infrastructure productivity: How to save $1 trillion a year, an estimated $57 trillion in infrastructure investment is needed (using constant 2010 dollars) between 2013 and 2030, a 60% increase from the historical spending. Spending on power and water infrastructure accounts for approximately 42% of the required investment. This report also identified the cost and availability of financing as a key challenge in maintaining the present level of infrastructure investment.
We are highly selective in the projects we target. Our goal is to select projects that generate recurring and predictable cash flows or cost savings that will be more than adequate to repay the debt financing we provide or will deliver attractive returns on our equity investments. Our projects are typically characterized by revenues from contractually committed obligations of government entities or private high credit quality obligors and are often supported by additional forms of credit enhancement, including security interests and supplier guaranties. Our projects also generally employ proven technologies which minimize performance uncertainty, enabling us to more accurately predict project revenue and profitability over the term of the financing or investment. As of December 31, 2013, approximately 96% of the transactions held on our balance sheet are considered investment grade.
From April 23, 2013, the date of our IPO, through December 31, 2013, we completed approximately $632 million of transactions, of which $299 million are held on our balance sheet, $286 million were securitized, $19 million represented the repayment of existing notes and $28 million were held for sale. Approximately 62% of these transactions financed energy efficiency projects, approximately 32% financed clean energy projects, while the remaining 6% financed other sustainable infrastructure projects. The transactions that are held on our balance sheet have an average transaction size of approximately $19 million, a weighted average remaining life as of December 31, 2013 of approximately 11 years and are typically secured by the installed improvements that are the subject of the financing.
As of December 31, 2013, our on-balance sheet portfolio, from which we earn investment income, was approximately $468 million. Approximately 94% of our portfolio consisted of fixed rate loans, direct financing leases or debt securities with the remaining 6% of our portfolio consisting of floating rate debt. Approximately 55% of our on-balance sheet portfolio consisted of U.S. federal government obligations, 16% of our portfolio consisted of obligations of state or local governments or other institutions such as hospitals or universities and 29% were commercial obligations. In total, as of December 31, 2013, we managed approximately $2.1 billion of assets, which consisted of our on-balance sheet portfolio plus approximately $1.6 billion of assets held in non-consolidated securitization trusts. We refer to this $2.1 billion of assets collectively as our managed assets.
We have a large and active pipeline of potential new financing opportunities that are in various stages of our investment process. We refer to projects as being part of our pipeline if we have determined that the projects fit within our investment strategy and exhibit the appropriate risk/reward characteristics through an initial credit analysis, including a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the investment, as well as research on the market and sponsor. Our pipeline consists of projects for which we will either be the lead funding provider or projects in which we will participate that are originated by other institutional investors or intermediaries. As of December 31, 2013, our pipeline consisted of more than $2.0 billion in new financing opportunities. There can, however, be no assurance that any or all of the transactions in our pipeline will be completed.
In connection with our IPO, we entered into a series of formation transactions that resulted in the Predecessor becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of our Operating Partnership subsidiary and changed our organizational structure in order to allow us to continue our business as a REIT. We intend to elect, and operate our business so as to qualify, to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2013. We also intend to operate our business in a manner that will permit us to maintain our exception from registration as an investment company under the 1940 Act.
INVESTMENT STRATEGY
We provide financing to a large and diverse market of sustainable infrastructure projects. We are highly selective in the projects we target. Our goal is to select projects that generate recurring and predictable cash flows or cost savings that will be more than adequate to repay the debt financing we provide or will deliver attractive returns on our equity investments. Our projects are typically characterized by revenues from contractually committed obligations of government entities or private high credit quality obligors and are often supported by additional forms of credit enhancement, including security interests and supplier guaranties. Our projects also generally employ proven technologies which minimize performance uncertainty, enabling us to more accurately predict project revenue and profitability over the term of the financing or investment.
We provide and arrange debt and equity financing for energy efficiency projects, which reduce their energy usage or cost of energy use. We often work with ESCOs, which design and install improvements to various building components, including HVAC systems, lighting, energy controls, roofs, windows and/or building shells. We are assigned the payment stream and other contractual rights, often using our pre-existing master purchase agreements with the ESCOs. Our financing is generally also secured by the installed improvements.
We also provide debt and equity financing for projects that deploy cleaner energy sources, such as solar, wind, geothermal and biomass as well as natural gas. We focus on financing clean energy projects that use proven technology and that have contractually committed agreements with high credit quality utilities or large electricity users to enter into power purchase agreements under which the utility or user purchases the power produced by the project at a minimum price with potential price escalators. These projects are building or facility specific and may be combined with other energy efficiency projects or are standalone projects designed to sell power to electric utilities or large users. Developers, including many of the ESCOs, acquire a specific site and the applicable permits and negotiate the construction and maintenance contracts and the power purchase agreement.
We provide debt and equity financing for other sustainable infrastructure projects such as water or communications infrastructure that reduce energy consumption, positively impact the environment or make more efficient use of natural resources. We intend to invest in other sustainable infrastructure projects that provide an essential public service or benefit to society, that have a strategic competitive advantage, demonstrate inelastic demand characteristics or have contractually committed revenues and have a low sensitivity to cyclical volatility. We primarily target developers and infrastructure funds that have projects with long-term contractually committed revenues.
We seek to manage the diversity of our portfolio of financings by, among other factors, project type, type of financing, commitment size, geography, obligor and maturity. In addition, we seek to manage the diversity of the underlying properties by, among other factors, technology type and manufacturer. Our target mix of projects that we hold on our balance sheet is expected over time to range from approximately 30% to 50% energy efficiency projects, 30% to 50% clean energy projects and 15% to 25% other sustainable infrastructure projects. As of December 31, 2013, approximately 45% of our portfolio financed energy efficiency projects; approximately 36% financed clean energy projects; and the remaining 19% financed other sustainable infrastructure projects. Our target mix of assets held on our balance sheet is expected over time to range from 85% to 95% debt financings and 5% to 15% equity financings. We will not invest more than 15% of our assets in any individual project without the consent of a majority of our independent directors. We will adjust the mix and duration of our assets over time in order to allow us to manage various aspects of our portfolio, including expected risk-adjusted returns, macroeconomic conditions, liquidity, availability of adequate financing for our assets, and to maintain our REIT qualification and our exception from registration as an investment company under the 1940 Act.
We believe that our long history of financing sustainable infrastructure projects, the experience, expertise and relationships of our management team, the anticipated credit strength of the obligors of our financings and the size and growth potential of our market, position us well to capitalize on our strategy and provide attractive risk-adjusted returns to our stockholders over the long term, through both distributions and capital appreciation.
FINANCING STRATEGY
We use borrowings as part of our financing strategy to increase potential returns to our stockholders. Prior to our IPO, we financed our business primarily through the use of securitizations, such as Hannie Mae, or other special purpose funding vehicles. In securitization transactions, we transfer the loans or other assets we originate to securitization trusts or other bankruptcy remote special purpose funding vehicles. Large institutional investors, primarily insurance companies and commercial banks, historically provided the financing needed for a project by purchasing the notes issued by the funding vehicle. As of December 31, 2013, the outstanding principal balance of our assets financed through the use of securitizations which are not consolidated on our balance sheet was approximately $1.6 billion. In addition, we have financed our business through fixed rate nonrecourse debt where the debt is match-funded with corresponding fixed rate yielding assets. As of December 31, 2013, we had outstanding approximately $160 million of this match funded debt, all of which was consolidated on to our balance sheet. We expect to continue to use securitizations and nonrecourse match-funded borrowings to finance our business. We also believe we will be able to customize securitized tranches to meet investment preferences of different investors.
Since our IPO, we have broadened our financing sources. In July 2013, we entered into a $350 million senior secured revolving credit facility with maximum total advances of $700 million. In addition, in December 2013, we issued a $100 million, 2.79% fixed rate on-balance asset backed nonrecourse notes that mature in 2019. We believe that this financing was one of the first asset-backed securitizations that provided details on the greenhouse gas emissions saved by the technologies that secured the financing. For further information on the revolving credit facility, asset backed nonrecourse notes, and our nonrecourse match funded nonrecourse debt, see the Credit Facility and Nonrecourse Debt sections of Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsSources and Uses of Cash.
We also plan to use other fixed and floating rate borrowings in the form of additional bank credit facilities (including term loans and revolving facilities), warehouse facilities, repurchase agreements and public and private equity and debt issuances, as well as additional securitizations and match funded arrangements, as a means of financing our business. The decision on how we finance specific assets or groups of assets is largely driven by capital allocations and portfolio management considerations, as well as prevailing credit spreads and the terms of available financing and market conditions. Over time, as market conditions change, we may use other forms of leverage in addition to these financings arrangements.
Although we are not restricted by any regulatory requirements to maintain our leverage ratio at or below any particular level, the amount of leverage we may deploy for particular assets will depend upon the availability of particular types of financing and our assessment of the credit, liquidity, price volatility and other risks of those assets and the credit quality of our financing counterparties. Prior to our IPO, we financed our transactions with U.S. federal government obligors with more than 95% debt. Our current policy is to maintain a debt to equity ratio of less than two to one across our overall portfolio, exclusive of securitizations which are not consolidated on our balance sheet (where the collateral is typically borrowings with U.S. government obligors) and our on balance sheet match funded nonrecourse debt, and as of December 31, 2013, this debt to equity ratio was approximately 1.2 to 1.
We intend to use leverage for the primary purpose of financing our portfolio and business activities and not for the purpose of speculating on changes in interest rates. While we may temporarily exceed the target leverage, to the extent that our board of directors approves a material permanent change to our leverage policy, we anticipate advising our stockholders of this change through disclosure in our periodic reports and other filings under the Exchange Act.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
We have structured our corporate governance in a manner we believe closely aligns our interests with those of our stockholders. Notable features of our corporate governance structure include the following:
| our board of directors is not staggered, with each of our directors subject to re-election annually; |
| our board of directors has determined that four of our five directors are independent for purposes of the NYSE corporate governance listing standards and Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act; |
| one of our directors qualifies as an audit committee financial expert as defined by the SEC; |
| we have opted out of the control share acquisition statute in the Maryland General Corporations Law (the MGCL) and have exempted from the business combinations statute in the MGCL transactions that are approved by our board of directors; and |
| we do not have a stockholder rights plan. |
In order to foster the highest standards of ethics and conduct in all business relationships, we have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics policy. This policy, which covers a wide range of business practices and procedures, that applies to our officers, directors, employees and independent contractors. In addition, we have implemented Whistleblowing Procedures for Accounting and Auditing Matters (the Whistleblower Policy) that set forth procedures by which any Covered Persons (as defined in the Whistleblower Policy) may raise, on a confidential basis, concerns regarding, among other things, any questionable or unethical accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters and any potential violations of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics with our Audit Committee or our General Counsel.
We have adopted a Statement of Corporate Policy Regarding Equity Transactions that governs the process to be followed in the purchase or sale of our securities by any of our directors, officers, employees and consultants and prohibits any such persons from buying or selling our securities on the basis of material nonpublic information.
Our business is managed by our senior management team, subject to the supervision and oversight of our board of directors. Our directors stay informed about our business by attending meetings of our board of directors and its committees and through supplemental reports and communications. Our independent directors meet regularly in executive sessions without the presence of our officers.
COMPETITION
We compete against a number of parties, including other specialty finance companies, savings and loan associations, banks, private equity, hedge or infrastructure investment funds, insurance companies, mutual funds, institutional investors, investment banking firms, financial institutions, utilities, project developers, governmental bodies, public entities established to own infrastructure assets and other entities. We compete primarily on the basis of service, price, structure and flexibility as well as the breadth and depth of our expertise. We may at times compete, and at other times partner or work as a participant, with alternative financing sources.
We also encounter competition in the form of potential customers or our origination partners electing to use their own capital rather than engaging an outside financing provider. In addition, we may also face competition based on technological developments that reduce demand for electricity, increase power supplies through existing infrastructure or that otherwise compete with our sustainable infrastructure projects.
Some of our competitors are significantly larger, have greater access to greater capital and other resources or enjoy other advantages in comparison to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships than we can. These competitors may not be subject to the same regulatory constraints (such as REIT compliance or the need to maintain an exemption from registration as an investment company under the 1940 Act) that we face.
We believe that a significant part of our competitive advantage is our management teams experience and industry expertise, and that the market for opportunities in sustainable infrastructure projects is underserved by traditional commercial banks and other financial sources. However, we may not be able to achieve our business goals or expectations due to the competitive risks that we face. An increase in competition among competing
providers of financing could adversely affect the availability and cost of financing, and thereby adversely affect the market price of our common stock. For additional information concerning these competitive risks, see Risk FactorsWe operate in a competitive market and future competition may impact the terms of the financing we offer.
EMPLOYEES; STAFFING
As of December 31, 2013, we employed 22 people. We intend to hire additional business professionals as needed to assist in the implementation of our business strategy.
OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Our executive officers and other significant employees and their ages are as follows:
Jeffrey W. Eckel , 55, is one of our directors and was with the Predecessor as president and chief executive officer since 2000. He serves as our president, chief executive officer, and chairman of our board of directors. Mr. Eckel is a member of the board of directors of HA Energy Source Holdings LLC (HA EnergySource). He previously held senior executive positions such as chief executive officer of EnergyWorks, LLC and Wärtsilä Power Development. In 2014, he was elected to the board of directors of the Alliance To Save Energy. He also was appointed the chairman of the Maryland Clean Energy Center in 2011 and as a member of the Johns Hopkins Environmental, Energy, Sustainability and Health Institutes advisory council in 2013. Mr. Eckel has over 30 years of experience in financing, owning and operating infrastructure and energy assets. Mr. Eckel received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Miami University in 1980 and a Master of Public Administration degree from Syracuse University, Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, in 1981. He holds Series 24, 63 and 79 securities licenses. We believe Mr. Eckels extensive experience in managing companies operating in the energy sector and expertise in financing energy assets make him qualified to serve as our president and chief executive officer and as chairman of our board of directors.
J. Brendan Herron , 53, has served in a variety of roles at the Predecessor and its affiliates from 1994 to 2005, has been a senior vice president from 2011 to 2013 and serves as an executive vice president and our chief financial officer. Mr. Herron has over 20 years of experience in structuring, executing and operating infrastructure and technology investments. From 2006 to 2011, Mr. Herron was the vice president of Corporate Development & Strategy for Current Group, LLC, a provider of smart grid technology to electric utilities. He presently serves, and served from 2010 to 2011 on the U.S. Commerce Secretarys Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Advisory Committee. Prior to joining the Predecessor, Mr. Herron served in financial and strategy roles at the U.S. corporate office of Aggregate Industries PLC. Mr. Herron received a Bachelor of Science degree in accounting and computer science from Loyola University Maryland in 1982 and a Master of Business Administration degree from Loyola University Maryland in 1987 and has passed the CPA and CMA examinations. We believe Mr. Herrons financial background, extensive experience in infrastructure and technology investments and expertise in energy infrastructure make him qualified to serve as our chief financial officer.
Steven L. Chuslo , 56, has been with the Predecessor as general counsel since 2008 and serves in that role and as an executive vice president. Mr. Chuslo is responsible for all internal governance matters and is actively involved in structuring, developing, negotiating and closing transactions. He has more than 23 years experience in the fields of securities, commercial finance and energy development, U.S. federal regulation and project finance. From 2006 to 2008, Mr. Chuslo was the senior legal and finance advisor to the Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Prior to this, he worked as a legal consultant to the office of the general counsel for AOL, Inc. from 2004 to 2006. He was General Counsel to EnergyWorks, LLC, from 1996 to 2001. Mr. Chuslo was an associate attorney for Chadbourne & Parke, LLP from 1994 to 1995, practicing in the power project finance group and earlier with Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP from 1990 to 1994, practicing in the corporate finance group. Mr. Chuslo received a Bachelor of Arts degree in History from the University of Massachusetts/Amherst in 1982 and a Juris Doctorate from the Georgetown University Law Center in 1990.
Daniel K. McMahon , CFA , 42, has been with the Predecessor since 2000 in a variety of roles, most recently as a senior vice president since 2007 and serves us as a senior vice president. Mr. McMahon is responsible for raising capital and sourcing capital markets transactions. He has played a role in analyzing, negotiating and structuring investments, as well as raising funds on both a corporate level and for over 400 transactions with a value in excess of $4 billion during his tenure at Hannon Armstrong. Mr. McMahon has 16 years of experience in the financial services sector, having previously worked with T. Rowe Price from 1997 to 2000 He holds Series 24, 63 and 79 securities licenses.
Nathaniel J . Rose , CFA , 36, has been with the Predecessor since 2000, in a variety of roles, most recently as a senior vice president since 2007, and serves as our senior vice president and chief investment officer. Mr. Rose is presently responsible for structuring and analyzing our projects. He has been involved with a vast majority of our transactions since 2000. He earned a joint Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Richmond in 2000, a Master of Business Administration degree from the Darden School of Business Administration at the University of Virginia in 2009, is a CFA charter holder and has passed the Certified Public Accountant examination. He holds a Series 79 securities license.
M. Rhem Wooten Jr . , 54, has been with the Predecessor as a managing director since October 2010 and serves as an executive vice president. Mr. Wooten has worked in the energy industry for more than 30 years, and has extensive experience in project development, commodity trading/risk management and project finance. Mr. Wooten previously held a number of senior management positions, including serving as President of Duke Energy Corporations domestic and international independent power production affiliates from 1988 to 1996, as Managing Director, origination and operations of Duke/Louis Dreyfus from 1996-1997, chief executive officer of Merchant Energy Group of the Americas (MEGA) from 1997 to 2000, as president and chief executive officer of Pradium, Inc. from 2000 to 2001 and as president of Allied Syngas Corporation from 2004 to 2010. Mr. Wooten received a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration from the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill in 1981. He holds a Series 79 securities license.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
We maintain a website at www.hannonarmstrong.com . Information on our website is not incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We will make available, free of charge, on our website (a) our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K (including any amendments thereto), proxy statements and other information (collectively, Company Documents) filed with, or furnished to, the SEC, as soon as reasonably practicable after such documents are so filed or furnished, (b) Corporate Governance Guidelines, (c) director independence standards, (d) Code of Business Conduct and Ethics policy and (e) written charters of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of our board of directors. Company Documents filed with, or furnished to, the SEC are also available for review and copying by the public at the SECs Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE., Washington, DC 20549 and at the SECs website at www.sec.gov. Information regarding the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. We provide copies of our Corporate Governance Guidelines and Code of Business Conduct and Ethics policy, free of charge, to stockholders who request such documents. Requests should be directed to 1906 Towne Centre Blvd, Suite 370, Annapolis, Maryland 21401, (410) 571-9860.
Our business and operations are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, the occurrence of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, consolidated results of operations and ability to make distributions to stockholders and could cause the value of our capital stock to decline. Please also refer to the section entitled Forward-Looking Statements.
Risks Related to Our Business and Our Industry
Our business depends in part on U.S. federal, state and local government policies and a decline in the level of government support could harm our business.
The projects we finance typically depend in part on various U.S. federal, state or local governmental policies and incentives that support or enhance project economic feasibility. Such policies may include governmental initiatives, laws and regulations designed to reduce energy usage, encourage the use of clean energy or encourage the investment in and the use of sustainable infrastructure. Incentives provided by the U.S. federal government may include tax credits (with some of these tax credits that are related to clean energy having recently expired), tax deductions, bonus depreciation as well as federal grants and loan guarantees. Incentives provided by state governments may include renewable portfolio standards, which specify the portion of the power utilized by local utilities that must be derived from clean energy sources such as renewable energy. Additionally, certain states have implemented feed-in tariffs, pursuant to which electricity generated from clean energy sources is purchased at a higher rate than prevailing wholesale rates. Other incentives include tariffs, tax incentives and other cash and non-cash payments. In addition, U.S. federal, state and local governments provide regulatory, tax and other incentives to encourage the development and growth of sustainable infrastructure.
Governmental agencies and other owners of real estate frequently depend on these policies and incentives to help defray the costs associated with, and to finance, various projects. Government regulations also impact the terms of third party financing provided to support these projects. If any of these government policies, incentives or regulations are adversely amended, delayed, eliminated, reduced or not extended beyond their current expiration dates the demand for, and the returns available from, the financing we provide may decline, which could harm our business. Changes in government policies, support and incentives, including retroactive changes, could also negatively impact the operating results of the projects we finance and the returns on the financings we provide.
U.S. federal, state and local government entities are major participants in the sustainable infrastructure industry and their actions could be adverse to our projects or our company.
The projects we finance are, and will continue to be, subject to substantial regulation by U.S. federal, state and local governmental agencies. For example, many projects require government permits, licenses, concessions, leases or contracts. Government entities, due to the wide-ranging scope of their authority, have significant leverage in setting their contractual and regulatory relationships with third parties. In addition, government permits, licenses, concessions, leases and contracts are generally very complex, which may result in periods of non-compliance, or disputes over interpretation or enforceability. If the projects we finance fail to obtain or comply with applicable regulations, permits or contractual obligations, they could be prevented from being constructed or subjected to monetary penalties or loss of operational rights, which could negatively impact project operating results and the returns on the financings we provide.
Contracts with government counterparties that support the projects we finance may be more favorable to the government counterparties compared to commercial contracts with private parties. For example, a lease, concession or general service contract may enable the government to modify or terminate the contract without requiring the payment of adequate compensation. Typically, our contracts with government counterparties contain termination provisions including prepayment amounts. In most cases, the prepayment amounts provide us with amounts sufficient to repay the financing we have provided, but may be less than amounts that would be payable under make whole provisions customarily found in commercial lending arrangements.
In addition, government counterparties also may have the discretion to change or increase regulation of project operations, or implement laws or regulations affecting project operations, separate from any contractual rights they may have. These actions could adversely impact the efficient and profitable operation of the projects we finance.
Government entities may also suspend or debar contractors from doing business with the government or pursue various criminal or civil remedies under various government contract regulations. Our ability to originate new financings could be adversely affected if one or more of the ESCOs with whom we have relationships with are so suspended or debarred.
Changes in the terms of energy savings performance contracts could have a material and adverse impact on our business.
We derive a significant amount of our income from the assignment to us of payment streams under energy savings performance contracts with property owners, including government customers, in which the scope and cost of improvements and services are specified. While U.S. federal, state and local government rules governing such contracts vary, such rules may, for example, permit the funding of such contracts through long-term financing arrangements, permit long-term payback periods from the savings realized through such contracts, allow units of government to exclude debt related to such contracts from the calculation of their statutory debt limitation, allow for award of contracts on a best value instead of lowest cost basis and allow for the use of sole source providers. To the extent these rules become more restrictive in the future, our ability to provide financing to support these projects could be adversely impacted, which could harm our business. Changes in these rules, including retroactive changes, could also negatively impact the operating results of the projects we finance and the returns on the financings we provide.
A change in the fiscal health, level of appropriations or budgets of U.S. federal, state and local governments could reduce demand for the projects we finance and the financing we provide.
Although the energy efficiency financings we provide do not normally require direct governmental appropriations and instead are generally paid for out of general operating and maintenance appropriations based on the energy and operating savings derived from the improved facility, a significant decline in the fiscal health, level of appropriations or budgets of government customers may make it difficult or undesirable for them to make existing payments or to enter into new energy efficiency improvement projects. This could have a material and
adverse effect on the repayment of our financings for existing projects and on our ability to originate new financings for projects. Moreover, other changes in resources available to governments may also impact their willingness to undertake energy efficiency projects. For example, an increase in money set aside for government expenditures for energy efficiency projects may reduce demand for financing.
In addition, to the extent we provide financings for projects that involve direct appropriations funding, we will depend on approval of the necessary spending for the projects. The repayment of the financing we provide to any such project could be adversely affected if appropriations for any such projects are delayed or terminated.
Many of our projects depend on revenues from relevant contractual arrangements.
Many of the projects we finance rely on revenue or repayment from contractual commitments of end-customers. There is a risk that these customers will default under their contracts. We cannot provide assurance that one or more of such customers will not default on their obligations or that such defaults will not have a material and adverse effect on the projects operations, financial position, future results of operations, or future cash flows. Furthermore, the bankruptcy, insolvency or other liquidity constraints of one or more customers may reduce the likelihood of collecting defaulted obligations. Some projects rely on one customer for their revenue and thus the project could be materially and adversely affected by any material change in the financial condition of that customer. While there may be alternative customers for such a project, there can be no assurance that a new contract on the same terms will be able to be negotiated for the project.
Certain of our projects with contractually-committed revenues or other sources of repayment under a small number of long term contracts will be subject to re-contracting risk in the future. We cannot provide assurance that these contracts can be re-negotiated once their terms expire on equally favorable terms or at all. If it is not possible to renegotiate these contracts on favorable terms, our business, financial condition, results of operation and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.
Revenues at some of the projects we finance depend on reliable and efficient metering, or other revenue collection systems, which are often specified in the contract. There is a risk that, if one or more of such projects are not able to operate and maintain the metering or other revenue collection systems in the manner expected, if the operation and maintenance costs, are greater than expected, or if the customer disputes the output of the revenue collection system, the ability of the project to repay or provide a return to us on the financing we have provided could be materially and adversely affected.
Because our business depends to a significant extent upon relationships with key industry players, our inability to maintain or develop these relationships, or the failure of these relationships to generate business opportunities, could adversely affect our business.
We will rely to a significant extent on our relationships with key industry players in the markets we target. We originate investment opportunities through our relationships with various parties, including global industrial companies or U.S. utility companies, which develop and install sustainable infrastructure projects. In addition to the net proceeds from past and future offerings, we have traditionally financed our business by accessing the securitization or syndication market, primarily utilizing our relationships with insurance companies and commercial banks. We also maintain other relationships, which complement our origination and financing activities, with a variety of key intermediaries such as investment banks, private equity and infrastructure funds, other institutional investors and industry service providers. Our inability to maintain or develop these relationships, or the failure of these relationships to generate business opportunities, could adversely affect our business. In addition, individuals and entities with whom we have relationships are not obligated to provide us with business opportunities, and, therefore, there is no assurance that such relationships will generate business opportunities for us.
We are exposed to the credit risk of ESCOs and others.
While we do not anticipate facing significant credit risk in our financings related to U.S. federal government energy efficiency projects, we are subject to varying degrees of credit risk in these projects in relation to guarantees provided by ESCOs where payments under energy savings performance contracts are contingent upon energy savings. We are also exposed to credit risk in projects we finance that do not depend on funding from the U.S. federal government. We increasingly target such projects as part of our strategy. We seek to mitigate this
credit risk by employing a comprehensive review and asset selection process and careful ongoing monitoring of acquired assets. Nevertheless, unanticipated credit losses could occur which could adversely impact our operating results. During periods of economic downturn in the global economy, our exposure to credit risks from obligors increases, and our efforts to monitor and mitigate the associated risks may not be effective in reducing our credit risks.
If the cost of energy generated by traditional sources of energy declines, demand for the projects we finance may decline.
Many traditional sources of energy such as coal, petroleum based fuels and natural gas are highly influenced by the price of underlying or substitute commodities. While we believe the potential for rising or increasingly volatile commodity prices and inflation will spur investment in our industry, decreases in such prices may reduce the demand for energy efficiency projects or other projects, including clean energy facilities, that do not rely on traditional energy sources. For example, we believe the current low prices in natural gas may reduce the demand for other projects like clean energy which are a substitute for natural gas. Technological progress in electricity generation or in the production of traditional fuels or the discovery of large new deposits of traditional fuels could reduce the cost of energy generated from those sources and consequently reduce the demand for the types of projects we finance, which could harm our new business origination prospects. In addition, volatility in commodity prices, including energy prices, may cause building owners and other parties to be reluctant to commit to projects for which repayment is based upon a fixed monetary value for energy savings that would not decline if the price of energy declines. Any resulting decline in demand for our financing could adversely impact our operating results.
If the market for various types of sustainable infrastructure projects or the financings techniques related to such projects do not develop as we anticipate, new business generation in this target area would be adversely impacted.
The market for various types of sustainable infrastructure projects such as clean energy projects and commercial office building energy efficiency projects are emerging and rapidly evolving, leaving their future success uncertain. Similarly, various financing techniques, such as using taxable debt for state and local energy efficiency financings, are emerging and the future success of these financing techniques is also uncertain. If some or all of these market segments or financing techniques prove unsuitable for widespread commercial deployment or if demand for such projects fails to grow sufficiently, the demand for the financing solutions we expect to provide to these markets may decline or develop more slowly than we anticipate. Many factors will influence the widespread adoption and demand for such projects, including general and local economic conditions, commodity prices of traditional energy sources, the cost-effectiveness of such projects, performance and reliability of such technologies compared to conventional power sources and technologies, the extent of government subsidies to support sustainable infrastructure and regulatory developments in the power and natural resource industries. In addition, clean energy projects rely on electric and other types of transmission lines, pipelines and facilities owned and operated by third parties to obtain their inputs or distribute their output. Any substantial access barriers to these lines and facilities could make projects which depend on them more expensive, which could adversely impact the demand for such projects and the financing we provide.
Clean energy and other sustainable infrastructure projects are subject to performance risks that could impact the repayment of and the return on the financings we provide.
Clean energy and other sustainable infrastructure projects are subject to various construction and operating delays and risks that may cause them to incur higher than expected costs or generate less than expected amounts of output such as electricity in the case of a clean energy project. These risks include construction delays, a failure or degradation of our, our customers or utilities equipment; an inability to find suitable equipment or parts; labor shortages; less than expected supply of a projects source of clean energy, such as geothermal steam or biomass; or a faster than expected diminishment of such supply. Any extended interruption in the projects construction or operation, any cost overrun or failure of the project for any reason to generate the expected amount of output, could have a material adverse effect on the repayment of and the return on the financings we provide.
Existing electric utility industry regulations, and changes to regulations, may present technical, regulatory and economic barriers to the purchase and use of clean energy and energy efficiency systems that may significantly reduce demand for systems that use our financing.
Federal, state and local government regulations and policies concerning the electric utility industry, and internal policies and regulations promulgated by electric utilities, heavily influence the market for electricity products and services. These regulations and policies often relate to electricity pricing and the interconnection of customer-owned electricity generation. In the United States, governments and utilities continuously modify these regulations and policies. These regulations and policies could deter customers from purchasing energy efficiency and clean energy systems. This could result in a significant reduction in the potential demand for such systems. For example, utilities commonly charge fees to larger, industrial customers for disconnecting from the electric grid or for having the capacity to use power from the electric grid for back-up purposes. In addition, there is an increasing trend towards initiating or increasing fixed fees for users to have electricity service from a utility. These fees could increase our customers cost to use clean energy and energy efficiency systems not supplied by the utility and make them less desirable, thereby harming our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, any changes to government or internal utility regulations and policies that favor electric utilities could reduce competitiveness and cause a significant reduction in demand for systems that use our financing.
Some projects we finance rely on net metering and related policies to improve project economics which if over-turned could impact repayment of loans to such projects.
Many state have a regulatory policy known as net energy metering, or net metering. Net metering typically allows some project customers to interconnect their on-site solar or other clean energy systems to the utility grid and offset their utility electricity purchases by receiving a bill credit at the utilitys retail rate for the amount of energy in excess of their electric usage that is generated by their clean energy system and is exported to the grid. At the end of the billing period, the customer simply pays for the net energy used or receives a credit at the retail rate if more energy is produced than consumed. The ability and willingness of customers to pay for clean energy systems which benefit from net metering rules may be reduced if net metering rules are eliminated or their benefits reduced, which may impact the demand for, or the repayment of, our financing for such clean energy systems.
Sustainable infrastructure projects that involve the generation, transmission or sale of electricity such as clean energy projects may be subject to regulation by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission under the Federal Power Act or other regulations that regulate the sale of electricity, which may adversely affect the profitability of such projects.
Sustainable infrastructure projects that involve the generation, transmission or sale of electricity such as clean energy projects may be qualifying facilities that are exempt from regulation as public utilities by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, (the FERC) under the Federal Power Act, (the FPA) while certain other such projects may be subject to rate regulation by the FERC under the FPA. FERC regulations under the FPA confer upon these qualifying facilities key rights to interconnection with local utilities, and can entitle such facilities to enter into power purchase agreements with local utilities, from which the qualifying facilities benefit. Changes to these U.S. federal laws and regulations could increase our regulatory burdens and costs, and could reduce our revenue. In addition, modifications to the pricing policies of utilities could require sustainable infrastructure projects to achieve lower prices in order to compete with the price of electricity from the electric grid and may reduce the economic attractiveness of certain energy efficiency measures. To the extent that the projects we finance are subject to rate regulation, the project owners will be required to obtain FERC acceptance of their rate schedules for wholesale sales of energy, capacity and ancillary services. Any changes in the rates projects owners are permitted to charge could raise credit risks in the clean energy projects we finance.
In addition, the operation of, and electrical interconnection for, our sustainable infrastructure projects may be subject to U.S. federal, state or local interconnection and federal reliability standards, some of which are set forth in utility tariffs. These standards and tariffs specify rules, business practices and economic terms to which the projects we finance are subject and which may impact on a projects ability to deliver the electricity it produces or transports to its end
customer. The tariffs are drafted by the utilities and approved by the utilities state and U.S. federal regulatory commissions. These standards and tariffs change frequently and it is possible that future changes will increase our administrative burden or adversely affect the terms and conditions under which the projects render services to their customers.
In addition, under certain circumstances, we may also be subject to the reliability standards of the North American Electric Reliability Corporation. If project owners fail to comply with the mandatory reliability standards, they could be subject to sanctions, including substantial monetary penalties, which could also raise credit risks for, or lower the returns available from, the sustainable infrastructure projects we finance.
Unfavorable publicity or public perception of the industries in which we operate could adversely impact our operating results and our reputation.
The sustainable infrastructure industry, including various forms of clean energy receive significant media coverage that, whether or not directly related to our business or our projects, can adversely impact our reputation and the demand for our financing solutions. Similarly, negative publicity or public perception of the broader energy-related industries in which we operate, including through media coverage of environmental contamination and climate change concerns, could reduce demand for our financial solutions and our projects services. Any reduction in demand for sustainable infrastructure projects or for the financing we provide could damage our reputation or could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and business prospects.
Future litigation or administrative proceedings could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may become involved in legal proceedings, administrative proceedings, claims and other litigation that arise in the ordinary course of business. In addition, we may be subject to legal proceedings or claims arising out of the projects we finance. Adverse outcomes or developments relating to these proceedings, such as judgments for monetary damages, injunctions or denial or revocation of permits, could have a material adverse effect on the projects we finance, which could adversely impact the repayment of or the returns available under the financing we provide.
We operate in a competitive market and future competition may impact the terms of the financing we offer.
We compete against a number of parties who may provide alternatives to our financings including specialty finance companies, savings and loan associations, banks, private equity, hedge or infrastructure investment funds, insurance companies, mutual funds, institutional investors, investment banking firms, financial institutions, utilities, independent power producers, project developers, pension funds, governmental bodies, public entities established to own infrastructure assets and other entities. We also encounter competition in the form of potential customers or our origination partners electing to use their own capital rather than engaging an outside provider such as us. In addition, we may also face competition based on technological developments that reduce demand for electricity, increase power supplies through existing infrastructure or that otherwise compete with our sustainable infrastructure projects. Some of our competitors are significantly larger than we are, have access to greater capital and other resources than we do and may have other advantages over us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships than we can. In addition, many of our competitors are not subject to the operating constraints associated with REIT tax compliance or maintenance of an exception from the 1940 Act. These characteristics could allow our competitors to consider a wider variety of investments, establish more relationships and offer better pricing and more flexible structuring than we can offer. We may lose business opportunities if we do not match our competitors pricing, terms and structure. If we are forced to match our competitors pricing, terms and structure, we may not be able to achieve acceptable risk-adjusted returns on the financing we provide or we may be forced to bear greater risks of loss. A portion of our competitive advantage stems from the fact that portions of the market for opportunities in sustainable infrastructure projects is underserved by traditional commercial banks and other financing sources. A significant increase in the number and/or the size of our competitors in this market could force us to accept less attractive terms on the financings we provide. As a result, competitive pressures we face could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Currently, we participate in a significant portion of the economics of a limited number of projects, which could subject us to a risk of loss if any of these projects defaults.
From April 23, 2013, the date of our IPO, through December 31, 2013, we completed approximately $632 million of transactions, of which $299 million are held on our balance sheet, $286 million were securitized, $19 million represented the repayment of existing notes and $28 million were held for sale. Approximately 62% of these transactions financed energy efficiency projects, approximately 32% financed clean energy projects, while the remaining 6% financed other sustainable infrastructure projects. The transactions that are held on our balance sheet have an average transaction size of approximately $19 million, a weighted average remaining life as of December 31, 2013 of approximately 11 years and are typically secured by the installed improvements that are the subject of the financing. As a consequence, we are subject to concentration risk and could incur significant losses if any of these projects perform poorly or if we are required to write down the value of any these projects.
Our business is affected by seasonal trends and construction cycles, and these trends and cycles could have an adverse effect on our operating results.
The volume and timing of our originations are subject to seasonal fluctuations and construction cycles, particularly in climates that experience colder weather during the winter months, such as the northern United States, or at educational institutions, where large projects are typically carried out during summer months when their facilities are unoccupied. In addition, government customers, many of which have fiscal years that do not coincide with ours, typically follow annual procurement cycles and appropriate funds on a fiscal-year basis even though contract performance may take more than one year. Further, government contracting cycles can be affected by the timing of, and delays in, the legislative process related to government programs and incentives that help drive demand for sustainable infrastructure projects. As a result of such fluctuations, we may occasionally experience fluctuations in the timing of new investments or declines in revenue or earnings as compared to the immediately preceding quarter, and comparisons of our operating results on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful.
Risks Related to Our Assets
Interest rate fluctuations and increases in interest rates could adversely affect the value of our assets which could result in reduced earnings or losses and negatively affect our profitability.
Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond our control. Many of the financings we provide pay a fixed rate of interest or a fixed preferential return.
With respect to our business operations, increases in interest rates, in general, may over time cause: (1) project owners to be less interested in borrowing or raising equity and thus reduce the demand for our investments; (2) the interest expense associated with our borrowings to increase; (3) the value of our fixed rate or fixed return investments to decline; and (4) the value of our interest rate swap agreements to increase, to the extent we enter into such agreements as part of our hedging strategy. Conversely, decreases in interest rates, in general, may over time cause: (1) project owners to be more interested in borrowing or raising equity and thus increase the demand for our investments; (2) prepayments on our investments, to the extent allowed, to increase; (3) the interest expense associated with our borrowings to decrease; (4) the value of our fixed rate or fixed return investments to increase; and (5) the value of our interest rate swap agreements to decrease, to the extent we enter into such agreements as part of our hedging strategy. Adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The lack of liquidity of our assets may adversely affect our business, including our ability to value and sell our assets.
Turbulent market conditions could significantly and negatively impact the liquidity of our assets. Illiquid assets typically experience greater price volatility, as a ready market does not exist, and can be more difficult to value. In addition, validating third-party pricing for illiquid assets may be more subjective than more liquid assets. The illiquidity of our assets may make it difficult for us to sell such assets if the need or desire arises. In addition, if we are required to liquidate all or a portion of our portfolio quickly, we may realize significantly less than the value at which we have previously recorded our assets. To the extent that we utilize leverage to finance our purchase of
assets that are or become illiquid, the negative impact on us related to trying to sell assets in a short period of time for cash could be greatly exacerbated. As a result, our ability to vary our portfolio in response to changes in economic and other conditions may be relatively limited, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
We may experience a decline in the fair value of our assets.
A decline in the fair market value of our securitization assets, assets held for sale, or other assets which we may carry at fair value in the future, may require us to recognize an other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) against such assets under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP) if we were to determine that, with respect to any assets in unrealized loss positions, we do not have the ability and intent to hold such assets to maturity or for a period of time sufficient for a forecasted market price recovery to rise to or beyond the cost of such assets. If such a determination were to be made, we would recognize unrealized losses through earnings and write down the amortized cost of such assets to a new cost basis, based on the fair value of such assets on the date they are considered to be OTTI. Such impairment charges reflect non-cash losses at the time of recognition; subsequent disposition or sale of such assets could further affect our future losses or gains, as they are based on the difference between the sale price received and adjusted amortized cost of such assets at the time of sale.
Some of the assets in our portfolio may be recorded at fair value (as determined in accordance with our pricing policy as approved by our board of directors) and, as a result, there could be be uncertainty as to the value of these assets.
The financings we provide and the other assets we hold are not publicly traded. The fair value of assets that are not publicly traded may not be readily determinable. As required under and in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we record certain of our assets at fair value, which may include unobservable inputs. Because such valuations are subjective, the fair value of these assets may fluctuate over short periods of time and our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these assets existed. The value of our common stock could be adversely affected if our determinations regarding the fair value of these assets were materially higher than the values that we ultimately realize upon their disposal. Additionally, our results of operations for a given period could be adversely affected if our determinations regarding the fair value of these assets were materially higher than the values that we ultimately realize upon their disposal. The valuation process has been particularly challenging in recent periods as market events have made valuations of certain assets more difficult, unpredictable and volatile.
We may not realize income or gains from our assets, which could cause the value of our common stock to decline.
We seek to provide attractive risk-adjusted returns to our stockholders. However, our assets may not appreciate in value and, in fact, may decline in value, and the loans and other financings we provide or acquire may default or not perform in accordance with our expectations. Accordingly, we may not be able to realize gains or income from our assets. Any gains that we do realize may not be sufficient to offset any other losses we experience. Any income that we realize may not be sufficient to offset our expenses.
Most of our assets are not rated which may result in an amount of risk, volatility or potential loss of principal that is greater than that of alternative investments.
Most of our assets are not rated by any rating agency and we expect that many of the assets we originate and acquire in the future will not be rated by any rating agency. Although we intend to focus on sustainable infrastructure projects with high credit quality obligors, some of the projects or obligors that we finance, if rated, would be rated below investment grade, due to speculative characteristics of the project or the obligors capacity to pay interest and repay principal or pay dividends. Some of our assets may result in an amount of risk, volatility or potential loss of principal that is greater than that of alternative investments.
Any credit ratings assigned to our assets or obligors are subject to ongoing evaluations and revisions and we cannot assure you that those ratings will not be downgraded.
To the extent the assets we hold or their underlying obligors are rated by credit rating agencies, such assets will be subject to ongoing evaluation by credit rating agencies, and we cannot assure you that any ratings will not be changed or withdrawn in the future. If rating agencies assign a lower-than-expected rating or reduce or withdraw, or indicate that they may reduce or withdraw, their ratings of our assets or the underlying obligors in the future, the value of these assets could significantly decline and could result in losses upon disposition or the failure of borrowers to satisfy their debt service obligations to us.
The debt financings we provide are subject to delinquency, foreclosure and loss, any or all of which could result in losses to us.
The debt financings we provide are subject to risks of delinquency, foreclosure and loss. In many cases, the ability of a borrower to repay our financing is dependent primarily upon the successful development, construction and operation of the underlying project. If the cash flow of the project is reduced, the borrowers ability to repay the debt financing we provide may be impaired. We make certain estimates regarding project cash flows or savings during our underwriting of such loans. These estimates may not prove accurate, as actual results may vary from estimates. The cash flows or cost savings of a project can be affected by, among other things: the terms of the power purchase or other use agreements used in such project; the creditworthiness of the power off-taker or project user; the technology deployed; unanticipated expenses in the development or operation of the project and changes in national, regional or local economic conditions; and environmental legislation, acts of God, terrorism, social unrest and civil disturbances.
In the event of any default under the debt financings we provide, we will bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the debt financing, which could have a material adverse effect on our cash flow from operations. In the event of the bankruptcy of a project owner or other borrower, the loan to such borrower will be deemed to be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent the lien is unenforceable under state law. Foreclosure proceedings against a project can be an expensive and lengthy process which could have a substantial negative effect on our anticipated return on the foreclosed loan.
We generally do not control the projects that we finance.
Although the covenants in our financing or equity documentation generally restrict certain actions that may be taken by project owners, we generally do not control the projects we finance. As a result, we are subject to the risk that the project owner may make business decisions with which we disagree or take risks or otherwise act in ways that do not serve our interests.
Our sustainable infrastructure projects may incur liabilities that rank equally with, or senior to, our investments in such projects.
We provide a range of financing structures, including various types of debt and equity securities, senior and subordinated loans, mezzanine debt, preferred equity and common equity. Our projects may have, or may be permitted to incur, other liabilities or equity preferences that rank equally with, or senior to, our positions or investments in such projects or businesses, as the case may be, including with respect to grants of collateral. By their terms, such instruments may entitle the holders to receive payment of interest, principal payments or equity distributions on or before the dates on which we are entitled to receive payments with respect to the instruments in which we invest. Also, in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of an entity to which we have provided financing, holders of instruments ranking senior to our investment in that project or business would typically be entitled to receive payment in full before we receive any distribution. After repaying such senior stakeholders, such project may not have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to us. In the case of securities ranking equally with instruments we hold, we would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other stakeholders holding such instrument in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant project.
Our mezzanine loans are generally subject to losses.
We may make or acquire mezzanine loans, which are loans made to project owners for sustainable infrastructure projects that are secured by pledges of the borrowers ownership interests in the project and/or the project owner. These mezzanine loans may be subordinate to senior secured loans on the project or to the returns required by the tax equity investor in the project but senior to the project owners equity in the project. In the event a borrower defaults on a loan and lacks sufficient assets to satisfy our mezzanine financing, we may suffer a loss of principal or interest. In the event a borrower declares bankruptcy, we may not have full recourse to the assets of the borrower, or the assets of the borrower may not be sufficient to satisfy our mezzanine loan. In addition, mezzanine loans are by their nature structurally subordinated to more senior project level financings, and in some case, to tax equity investors. If a borrower defaults on our mezzanine loan, on its obligations to the tax equity investor or on debt senior to our loan, or if a borrower declares bankruptcy, our mezzanine loan will be satisfied only after the project level debt or tax equity and other senior debt is paid in full. Significant losses related to our mezzanine loans would result in operating losses for us and may limit our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Our subordinated and mezzanine debt and equity investments, many of which are illiquid with no readily available market, involve a substantial degree of risk.
We may make subordinated and mezzanine debt and equity investments which may fail to be repaid or appreciate and may decline in value or become worthless and our ability to recover our investment will depend on the success of the project in which we make such investments. Subordinated and mezzanine debt and equity investments involve a number of significant risks, including:
| subordinated and mezzanine debt and any equity investment we make in a project could be subject to further dilution as a result of the issuance of additional debt or equity interests and to serious risks because subordinated and mezzanine debt are subordinate to other indebtedness and in some cases, project tax equity and equity interests are subordinate to all indebtedness (including trade creditors) and any senior securities in the event that the issuer is unable to meet its obligations or becomes subject to a bankruptcy process; |
| to the extent that a project in which we invest requires additional capital and is unable to obtain it, we may not recover our investment; and |
| in some cases, subordinated and mezzanine debt will not pay current interest or principal or equity investments will not pay current dividends, and our ability to realize a return on our investment, as well as to recover our investment, will be dependent on the success of the project in which we invest. The project may face unanticipated costs or delays or may not generate projected cash flows which could lead to the project generating lower rates of return than we expected when we decided to fund the project. Further, many projects in which we make subordinated and mezzanine debt or equity investments will be subject to competitive risks and to volatility in commodity prices including the price of energy. Even if the project is successful, our ability to realize the value of our investment may be dependent on our ability to renew commercial contracts for a project or on the occurrence of a liquidity event. |
We may invest in joint ventures that subject us to additional risks.
Some of our projects may be structured as joint ventures, partnerships and securitization, syndication and consortium arrangements. Part of our strategy is to participate with other institutional investors in consortiums and in partnerships on various sustainable infrastructure transactions. These arrangements are driven by the magnitude of capital required to complete acquisitions and the development of sustainable infrastructure projects and other industry-wide trends that we believe will continue. Such arrangements involve risks not present where a third party is not involved, including the possibility that partners or co-venturers might become bankrupt or otherwise failing to fund their share of required capital contributions. Additionally, partners or co-venturers might at any time have economic or other business interests or goals different from us.
Joint ventures, partnerships and securitization, syndication and consortium investments generally provide for a reduced level of control over an acquired project because governance rights are shared with others. Accordingly, decisions relating to the underlying operations, including decisions relating to the management, operation and the timing and nature of any exit, are often made by a majority vote of the investors or by separate agreements that are reached with respect to individual decisions. In addition, such operations may be subject to the risk that the project owners may make business, financial or management decisions with which we do not agree or the management of the project may take risks or otherwise act in a manner that does not serve our interests. Because we may not have the ability to exercise control over such operations, we may not be able to realize some or all of the benefits that we believe will be created from our involvement. If any of the foregoing were to occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could suffer as a result.
In addition, we anticipate that some of our joint ventures, partnerships, securitization or syndication or consortium arrangements may subject the sale or transfer of our interests in these projects to rights of first refusal or first offer, tag along rights or drag along rights and some agreements provide for buy-sell or similar arrangements. Such rights may be triggered at a time when we may not want them to be exercised and such rights may inhibit our ability to sell our interest in an entity within our desired time frame or on any other desired basis.
Some of the projects we finance may require substantial operating or capital expenditures in the future.
Many of the projects we finance are capital intensive and require substantial ongoing expenditures for, among other things, additions and improvements, and maintenance and repair of plant and equipment related to project operations. Any failure to make necessary operating or capital expenditures could adversely impact project performance. In addition, some of these expenditures may not be recoverable from current or future contractual arrangements.
The use of real property rights that we acquire or are used for our sustainable infrastructure projects may be adversely affected by the rights of lienholders and leaseholders that are superior to those of the grantors of those real property rights to us.
The projects we finance often require large areas of land for construction and operation or other easements or access to the underlying land. In addition, we may acquire rights to land or other real property. The rights to use the land can be obtained through freehold title, leases and other rights of use. Although we believe that the real property rights we acquire or our projects we finance have valid rights to all material easements, licenses and rights of way, not all of such easements, licenses and rights of way are registered against the lands to which they relate and may not bind subsequent owners. Some of our real property rights and projects generally are, and are likely to continue to be, located on land occupied pursuant to long-term easements and leases. The ownership interests in the land subject to these easements and leases may be subject to mortgages securing loans or other liens (such as tax liens) and other easement and lease rights of third parties (such as leases of oil or mineral rights) that were created prior to, or are superior to, our or our projects easements and leases. As a result, the rights under these easements or leases may be subject, and subordinate, to the rights of those third parties. We typically obtain representations or perform title searches or obtain title insurance to protect our real property interest or our investments in our projects against these risks. Such measures may, however, be inadequate to protect against all risk of loss of rights to use the land rights we have acquired or the land on which these projects are located, which could have a material and adverse effect on our land rights, our projects and their financial condition and operating results.
We may in the future invest in land or leasehold interests that are used by clean energy projects. Such investments will be concentrated in a limited number of properties, which subjects us to an increased risk of significant loss if any property declines in value or if we are unable to lease a property.
One consequence of a limited number of real property investments is that the aggregate returns we realize may be substantially adversely affected by the unfavorable performance of a small number of leases or a significant decline in the value of any single property. If a clean energy project fails to make rental payments, elects to terminate its leases prior to or upon their expiration or does not renew its lease, and we cannot re-lease the land on satisfactory terms, or if the clean energy project were to experience financial problems or declare bankruptcy, it would have a material adverse effect on our financial performance and our ability to make dividend payments to our stockholders. In addition, since clean energy projects are often concentrated in certain states, we would also be subject to any adverse change in the political or regulatory climate in those states or specific counties where such properties are located that could adversely affect our properties and our ability to lease such properties.
Performance of projects we finance may be harmed by future labor disruptions and economically unfavorable collective bargaining agreements.
A number of the projects we finance could have workforces that are unionized or that in the future may become unionized and, as a result, are required to negotiate the wages, benefits and other terms with many of their employees collectively. If these projects were unable to negotiate acceptable contracts with any of their unions as existing agreements expire, they could experience a significant disruption of their operations, higher ongoing labor costs and restrictions on their ability to maximize the efficiency of their operations, which could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, in some jurisdictions where our projects have operations, labor forces have a legal right to strike which may have a negative impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations, either directly or indirectly, for example if a critical upstream or downstream counterparty was itself subject to a labor disruption which impacted the ability of our projects to operate.
The projects we finance rely on third parties to manufacture quality products or provide reliable services in a timely manner and the failure of these third parties could cause project performance to be adversely affected.
The projects we finance typically rely on third parties to select and manage various equipment and service providers. These third parties may be responsible for choosing vendors, including equipment suppliers and subcontractors. Project success often depends on third parties who are capable of installing and managing projects and structuring contracts that provide appropriate protection against construction and operational risks. In many cases, in addition to contractual protections and remedies, project owners may seek guaranties, warranties and construction bonding to provide additional protection.
The warranties provided by the third parties and, in some cases, their subcontractors, typically limit any direct harm that results from relying on their products and services. However, there can be no assurance that a supplier or subcontractor will be willing or able to fulfill its contractual obligations and make necessary repairs or replace equipment. In addition, these warranties generally expire within one to five years or may be of limited scope or provide limited remedies. If projects are unable to avail themselves of warranty protection or receive the expected protection under the terms of the guaranties or bonding, we may need to incur additional costs, including replacement and installation costs, which could adversely impact the repayment of or the returns available under the financing we provide.
Liability relating to environmental matters may impact the value of properties that we may acquire or the properties underlying our assets.
Under various U.S. federal, state and local laws, an owner or operator of a project may become liable for the costs of removal of certain hazardous substances released from the project or any underlying real property. These laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the release of such hazardous substances.
The presence of hazardous substances may adversely affect an owners ability to sell a contaminated project or borrow using the project as collateral. To the extent that a project owner becomes liable for removal costs, the ability of the owner to make payments to us may be reduced.
We may acquire real property rights and typically have title to projects or their underlying real estate assets underlying our equity financings, or, in the course of our business, we may take title to a project or its underlying real estate assets relating to one of our debt financings, and, in these cases, we could be subject to environmental liabilities with respect to these assets. To the extent that we become liable for the removal costs, our results of operation and financial condition may be adversely affected. The presence of hazardous substances, if any, may adversely affect our ability to sell the affected real property or the project and we may incur substantial remediation costs, thus harming our financial condition.
Our insurance and contractual protections may not always cover lost revenue, increased expenses or liquidated damages payments.
Although the projects we finance generally have insurance, supplier warranties, subcontractors performance assurances such as bonding and other risk mitigation measures, the proceeds of such insurance, warranties, bonding or other measures may not be adequate to cover lost revenue, increased expenses or liquidated damages payments that may be required in the future.
Risks Related to Our Company
We may change our operational policies (including our investment guidelines, strategies and policies) with the approval of our board of directors but without stockholder consent at any time, which may adversely affect the market value of our common stock and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Our board of directors determines our operational policies and may amend or revise our policies, including our policies with respect to acquisitions, dispositions, growth, operations, compensation, indebtedness, capitalization and dividends, or approve transactions that deviate from these policies, without a vote of, or notice to, our stockholders at any time. We may change our investment guidelines, investment process in relation to the identification and underwriting of prospective financings and our strategy at any time with the approval of our board of directors but without the consent of our stockholders, which could result in our making or originating investments that are different in type from, and possibly riskier than, the investments initially contemplated. In addition, our charter provides that our board of directors may authorize us to revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election, without the approval of our stockholders, if it determines that it is no longer in our best interests to qualify as a REIT. These changes could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Our management and employees depend on information systems and systems failures could significantly disrupt our business, which may, in turn, negatively affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Our investment process and our asset and financial management and reporting are dependent on our present and future communications and information systems. Any failure or interruption of these systems could cause delays or other problems in our originating, financing, investing, asset and financial management and reporting activities, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.
We may seek to expand our business internationally, which will expose us to additional risks that we do not face in the United States, which could have an adverse effect on our operating results.
We generate a significant portion of our revenue from operations in the United States, and although we are engaged in overseas projects for the U.S. federal government, we currently derive a small amount of revenue from outside of the United States. We may seek to expand our revenue and projects outside of the United States in the future. These operations will be subject to a variety of risks that we do not face in the United States, including risk from changes in foreign country regulations, infrastructure, legal systems and markets. Other risks include possible difficulty in repatriating overseas earnings and fluctuations in foreign currencies.
Our overall success in international markets will depend, in part, on our ability to succeed in different legal, regulatory, economic, social and political conditions. We may not be successful in developing and implementing policies and strategies that will be effective in managing these risks in each country where we decide to do business. Our failure to manage these risks successfully could harm our international projects, reduce our international income or increase our costs, thus adversely affecting our business, financial condition and operating results.
We may seek to expand our business in part through future acquisitions
As we grow our business, we may find opportunities to use acquisitions of companies or assets to expand our project skill-sets and capabilities, expand our geographic markets, add experienced management and increase our product and service offerings. There are a number of risks associated with any acquisition and we may not achieve our goals in making an acquisition. Any future acquisitions that we may make could disrupt our business, cause dilution to our stockholders and harm our business, financial condition or operating results. In addition, the time and effort involved in attempting to identify acquisition candidates and consummate acquisitions may divert members of our management from the operations of our company.
Risks Relating to Regulation
We cannot at the present time predict the unintended consequences and market distortions that may stem from far-ranging governmental intervention in the economic and financial system or from regulatory reform of the oversight of financial markets.
The U.S. federal government, the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, the U.S. Treasury, the SEC, U.S. Congress and other governmental and regulatory bodies have taken, are taking or may in the future take various actions to address the financial crisis. Such actions could have a dramatic impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition, and the cost of complying with any additional laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. The far-ranging government intervention in the economic and financial system may carry unintended consequences and cause market distortions. We are unable to predict at this time the extent and nature of such unintended consequences and market distortions, if any.
Loss of our 1940 Act exception would adversely affect us, the market price of shares of our common stock and our ability to distribute dividends.
We conduct our operations so that we are not required to register as an investment company under the 1940 Act. Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the 1940 Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the 1940 Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuers total assets (exclusive of U.S. Government securities and cash items) on a non-consolidated basis, which we refer to as the 40% test. Excluded from the term investment securities, among other things, are U.S. Government securities and securities issued by majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exception from the definition of investment company set forth in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act.
We conduct our businesses primarily through our subsidiaries and our operations so that we comply with the 40% test. The securities issued by any wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries that we hold or may form in the future that are excepted from the definition of investment company based on Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act, together with any other investment securities we may own, may not have a value in excess of 40% of the value of our total assets on a non-consolidated basis. Certain of our subsidiaries rely on or will rely on an exception from registration as an investment company under the 1940 Act pursuant to Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the 1940 Act, which is available for entities which are not primarily engaged in issuing redeemable securities, face-amount certificates of the installment type or periodic payment plan certificates and which are primarily engaged in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate. This exception generally requires that at least 55% of such subsidiaries portfolios must be comprised of qualifying assets and at least another 80% of each of their portfolios must be comprised of qualifying assets and real estate-related assets under the 1940 Act. Consistent with guidance published by the SEC staff, we intend to treat as qualifying assets for this purpose loans secured by projects for which the original principal amount of the loan did not exceed 100% of the value of the underlying real property portion of the collateral when the loan was made. We intend to treat as real estate-related assets non-controlling equity interests in joint ventures that own projects whose assets are primarily real property. In general, with regard to our subsidiaries relying on Section 3(c)(5)(C), we rely on other guidance published by the SEC or its staff or on our analyses of guidance published with respect to other types of assets to determine which assets are qualifying real estate assets and real estate-related assets.
In addition, one or more of our subsidiaries qualifies for an exception from registration as an investment company under the 1940 Act pursuant to either Section 3(c)(5)(A) of the 1940 Act, which is available for entities which are not engaged in the business of issuing redeemable securities, face-amount certificates of the installment type or periodic payment plan certificates, and which are primarily engaged in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring notes, drafts, acceptances, open accounts receivable, and other obligations representing part or
all of the sales price of merchandise, insurance, and services, or Section 3(c)(5)(B) of the 1940 Act, which is available for entities primarily engaged in the business of making loans to manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers of, and to prospective purchasers of, specified merchandise, insurance, and services. These exceptions generally require that at least 55% of such subsidiaries portfolios must be comprised of qualifying assets that meet the requirements of the exception. We intend to treat energy efficiency loans where the loan proceeds are specifically provided to finance equipment, services and structural improvements to properties and other facilities and clean energy and other sustainable infrastructure projects or improvements as qualifying assets for purposes of these exceptions. In general, we also expect, with regard to our subsidiaries relying on Section 3(c)(5)(A) or (B), to rely on guidance published by the SEC or its staff or on our analyses of guidance published with respect to other types of assets to determine which assets are qualifying assets under the exceptions.
Although we monitor the portfolios of our subsidiaries relying on the Section 3(c)(5)(A), (B) or (C) exceptions periodically and prior to each acquisition, there can be no assurance that such subsidiaries will be able to maintain their exceptions. Qualification for exceptions from registration under the 1940 Act will limit our ability to make certain investments. For example, these restrictions will limit the ability of these subsidiaries to make loans that are not secured by real property or that do not represent part or all of the sales price of merchandise, insurance, and services.
There can be no assurance that the laws and regulations governing the 1940 Act, including the Division of Investment Management of the SEC providing more specific or different guidance regarding these exceptions, will not change in a manner that adversely affects our operations. For example, on August 31, 2011, the SEC issued a concept release (No. IC-29778; File No. SW7-34-11, Companies Engaged in the Business of Acquiring Mortgages and Mortgage-Related Instruments) pursuant to which it is reviewing the scope of the exception from registration under Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the 1940 Act. Any additional guidance from the SEC or its staff from this process or in other circumstances could provide additional flexibility to us, or it could further inhibit our ability to pursue the strategies we have chosen. If we or our subsidiaries fail to maintain an exception from the 1940 Act, we could, among other things, be required either to (1) change the manner in which we conduct our operations to avoid being required to register as an investment company, (2) effect sales of our assets in a manner that, or at a time when, we would not otherwise choose to do so or (3) register as an investment company, any of which could negatively affect the value of our common stock, the sustainability of our business model, and our ability to make distributions which could have an adverse effect on our business and the market price for our shares of common stock.
We have not requested the SEC or its staff to approve our treatment of any company as a majority-owned subsidiary and neither the SEC nor its staff has done so. If the SEC or its staff were to disagree with our treatment of one or more companies as majority-owned subsidiaries, we would need to adjust our strategy and our assets in order to continue to pass the 40% test. Any such adjustment in our strategy could have a material adverse effect on us.
Rapid changes in the values of our assets may make it more difficult for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT or our exception from the 1940 Act.
If the market value or income potential of our assets changes as a result of changes in interest rates, general market conditions, government actions or other factors, we may need to adjust the portfolio mix of our real estate assets and income or liquidate our non-qualifying assets to maintain our REIT qualification or our exception from the 1940 Act. If changes in asset values or income occur quickly, this may be especially difficult to accomplish. This difficulty may be exacerbated by the illiquid nature of the assets we may own. We may have to make decisions that we otherwise would not make absent the REIT and 1940 Act considerations.
Because we expect to distribute substantially all of our taxable income to our stockholders, we will need additional capital to finance our growth and such capital may not be available on favorable terms or at all.
We may need additional capital to fund our growth. U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, and that it pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that it annually distributes less than 100% of its taxable income. Because we intend to grow our business, this limitation may require us to incur additional debt or raise additional equity at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. We cannot assure you that debt and equity financing will be available to us on favorable terms, or at all, and debt financings may be restricted by the terms of any of our outstanding borrowings. If additional funds are not available to us, we could be forced to curtail or cease new asset originations and acquisitions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
The preparation of our financial statements involves use of estimates, judgments and assumptions, and our financial statements may be materially affected if our estimates prove to be inaccurate.
Financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP require the use of estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts. Different estimates, judgments and assumptions reasonably could be used that would have a material effect on the financial statements, and changes in these estimates, judgments and assumptions are likely to occur from period to period in the future. Significant areas of accounting requiring the application of managements judgment include, but are not limited to determining the fair value of our assets. These estimates, judgments and assumptions are inherently uncertain, and, if they prove to be wrong, then we face the risk that charges to income will be required. In addition, because our company has a limited operating history, we have in some of these areas limited experience in making these estimates, judgments and assumptions and the risk of future charges to income may be greater than if we had more experience in these areas. Any such charges could significantly harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and the price of our securities. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCritical Accounting Policies for a discussion of the accounting estimates, judgments and assumptions that we believe are the most critical to an understanding of our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to Borrowings
We use leverage in executing our business strategy, which may adversely affect the return on our assets and may reduce cash available for distribution to our stockholders, as well as increase losses when economic conditions are unfavorable.
We use leverage to finance our sustainable infrastructure projects. In the past, our business has been financed primarily through the use of securitizations. We continue to use securitizations to finance our business. However, since the IPO we have used our $350 million senior secured revolving credit facility that we entered into in July 2013 and the proceeds from our $100 million asset backed nonrecourse notes and going forward, our financing sources may also include other fixed and floating rate borrowings in the form of new bank credit facilities (including term loans and revolving facilities), warehouse facilities, repurchase agreements and public and private debt issuances. For further information on our credit facility and nonrecourse debt, see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Sources and Uses of Cash.
Weakness in the financial markets and the economy generally could adversely affect one or more of our lenders or potential lenders and could cause one or more of our lenders, potential lenders or institutional investors to be unwilling or unable to provide us with financing or participate in securitizations or could increase the costs of that financing or securitization. The return on our assets and cash available for distribution to our stockholders may be reduced to the extent that market conditions prevent us from leveraging our assets or increase the cost of our financing relative to the income that can be derived from the assets acquired. Increases in our financing costs will reduce cash available for distributions to stockholders. We may not be able to meet our financing obligations and, to the extent that we cannot, we risk the loss of some or all of our assets to liquidation or sale to satisfy the obligations.
An increase in our borrowing costs relative to the interest we receive on our leveraged assets may adversely affect our profitability and our cash available for distribution to our stockholders. Our borrowings may have a shorter duration than our assets.
Borrowing rates are currently at historically low levels that may not be sustained in the long run. As any short term borrowing agreements we enter into mature, we will be required either to enter into new borrowings or to sell certain of our assets. In addition, our credit facility has rates that adjust on a frequent basis based on prevailing interest rates and we will have to refinance the remaining balance of our asset backed securitization when it matures in 2019. An increase in short-term interest rates would reduce the spread between the returns on our assets and the cost of our borrowings. This would adversely affect the returns on our assets, which might reduce our earnings and, in turn, cash available for distribution to our stockholders. In addition, because short-term borrowings including repurchase agreements and warehouse facilities are generally short-term commitments of capital, lenders may
respond to market conditions making it more difficult for us to secure continued financing. If we are not able to renew our then existing facilities or arrange for new financing on terms acceptable to us, or if we default on our covenants or are otherwise unable to access funds under any of these facilities, we may have to curtail our financing of sustainable infrastructure projects and/or dispose of assets. We will face particular risk in this regard given that we expect many of our borrowings will have a shorter duration than the assets they finance.
We do not have a formal policy limiting the amount of debt we may incur. Our board of directors may change our leverage policy without stockholder approval.
Although we are not restricted by any regulatory requirements to maintain our leverage ratio at or below any particular level, the amount of leverage we may deploy for particular assets will depend upon the availability of particular types of financing and our assessment of the credit, liquidity, price volatility and other risks of those assets and the credit quality of our financing counterparties. Prior to our IPO, we financed our transactions with U.S. federal government obligors with more than 95% debt. Our current policy is to maintain a debt to equity ratio of less than two to one across our overall portfolio, exclusive of securitizations which are not consolidated on our balance sheet (where the collateral is typically borrowings with U.S. government obligors) and our on balance sheet match-funded nonrecourse debt, and as of December 31, 2013, this debt to equity ratio was approximately 1.2 to 1. However, our charter and bylaws do not limit the amount of indebtedness we can incur, and our board of directors has discretion to deviate from or change our leverage policy at any time, which could result in an investment portfolio with a different risk profile. Moreover, we have more limited experience dealing with debt financings with obligors other than U.S. federal government agencies as well as with equity financings and we may apply too much leverage to our assets or use the wrong kinds of financings to leverage our assets.
The use of securitizations and special purpose entities would expose us to additional risks.
We presently hold, and to the extent that we securitize loans in the future, we anticipate that we will often hold the most junior certificates or the residual value associated with a securitization. As a holder of the most junior certificates or residual value, we are more exposed to losses on the underlying collateral because the equity interest we retain in the securitization vehicle would be subordinate to the more senior notes issued to investors and we would, therefore, absorb all of the losses up to the value of our junior certificates of residual value sustained with respect to the underlying assets before the owners of the notes experience any losses. In addition, the inability to securitize our portfolio or assets within our portfolio could hurt our performance and our ability to grow our business.
We also use various special purpose entities to own and finance our sustainable infrastructure projects. These subsidiaries incur various types of debt, which can be used to finance one or more projects. This debt is typically structured as nonrecourse debt, which means it is repayable solely from the revenue from the projects financed by the debt and is secured by such projects physical assets, major contracts and cash accounts and in some cases, a pledge of our equity interests in the subsidiaries involved in the projects. Although our subsidiary debt is typically nonrecourse to us, we make certain representations and warranties to the nonrecourse debt holder, the breach of which may require us to make payments to the lender. We may also from time to time determine to provide financial support to the subsidiary in order to maintain rights to the project or otherwise avoid the adverse consequences of a default. In the event a subsidiary defaults on its indebtedness, its creditors may foreclose on the collateral securing the indebtedness, which may result in our losing our ownership interest in some or all of the subsidiarys assets. The loss of our ownership interest in a subsidiary or some or all of a subsidiarys assets could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.
Our existing credit facility and nonrecourse debt contain, and any future financing facilities may contain, covenants that restrict our operations and may inhibit our ability to grow our business and increase revenues.
Our existing $350 million senior secured revolving credit facility contains, and any future financing facilities may contain, various affirmative and negative covenants, including maintenance of an interest coverage ratio and limitations on the incurrence of liens and indebtedness, investments, fundamental organizational changes, dispositions, changes in the nature of business, transactions with affiliates, use of proceeds and stock repurchases. In addition, the terms of our nonrecourse debt include restrictions and covenants, including limitations on our ability to transfer or incur liens on the assets which secure the debt. For further information see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCredit Facility and Nonrecourse Debt.
The covenants and restrictions included in our existing credit facility do, and the covenants and restrictions to be included in any future financing facilities may, restrict our ability to, among other things:
| incur or guarantee additional debt; |
| make certain investments, originations or acquisitions; |
| make distributions on or repurchase or redeem capital stock; |
| engage in mergers or consolidations; |
| reduce liquidity below certain levels; |
| grant liens; |
| incur operating losses for more than a specified period; and |
| enter into transactions with affiliates. |
Our nonrecourse debt limits our ability to take action with regard to the assets pledged as security for the debt. These restrictions, as well as any other covenants contained in any future financing facilities, may interfere with our ability to obtain financing, or to engage in other business activities, which may significantly limit or harm our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations. We also expect our financing agreements may contain cross-default provisions, so that if a default occurs under any one agreement, the lenders under our other agreements could also declare a default. Although as of December 31, 2013, we were in compliance with all of the covenants in our existing credit facility and nonrecourse debt, a default and resulting repayment acceleration could significantly reduce our liquidity, which could require us to sell our assets to repay amounts due and outstanding. This could also significantly harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and our ability to make distributions, which could cause the value of our common stock to decline and adversely affect our ability to qualify, or remain qualified, as a REIT. A default will also significantly limit our financing alternatives such that we will be unable to pursue our leverage strategy, which could curtail the returns on our assets.
We will have to refinance our asset-backed nonrecourse notes at the end of the term in 2019. The failure to be able to refinance such debt or an increase in interest rates of such refinancing could have a material impact on our business.
Our asset-backed securitization entered into in December 2013 matures in 2019. At the time that it matures, it is estimated that the remaining unamortized principal balance on the loan will be approximately $57 million and that the assets we own that secure the debt will have a carrying value of $80 million. If we are unable to refinance our debt, or if the terms of any available refinancing are not favorable to us, we may be forced to liquidate assets or incur higher costs which may significantly harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and our ability to make distributions, which could cause the value of our common stock to decline.
If a counterparty to our repurchase transactions defaults on its obligation to resell the underlying security back to us at the end of the transaction term, or if the value of the underlying security has declined as of the end of that term, or if we default on our obligations under the repurchase agreement, we will lose money on our repurchase transactions.
If we engage in repurchase transactions, we will generally sell loans or other financings to lenders ( i.e. , repurchase agreement counterparties) and receive cash from the lenders. The lenders will be obligated to resell the same financings back to us at the end of the term of the transaction. Because the cash we will receive from the lender when we initially sell the financing to the lender is less than its value (this difference is the haircut), if the lender defaults on its obligation to resell the same loans back to us we would incur a loss on the transaction equal to
the amount of the haircut (assuming there was no other change in value). We would also lose money on a repurchase transaction if the value of the underlying loans has declined as of the end of the transaction term, as we would have to repurchase the loans for their initial value but would receive loans worth less than that amount. We may also be forced to sell assets at significantly depressed prices to meet margin calls, post additional collateral and maintain adequate liquidity, which could cause us to incur losses. Moreover, to the extent we are forced to sell assets at such time, given market conditions, we may be selling at the same time as others facing similar pressures, which could exacerbate a difficult market environment and which could result in our incurring significantly greater losses on our sale of such assets. In an extreme case of market duress, a market may not even be present for certain of our assets at any price. Such a situation would likely result in a rapid deterioration of our financial condition and possibly necessitate a filing for protection under the United States Bankruptcy Code (the Bankruptcy Code). Further, if we default on one of our obligations under a repurchase transaction, the lender will be able to terminate the transaction and cease entering into any other repurchase transactions with us. We expect that our repurchase agreements will contain cross-default provisions, so that if a default occurs under any one agreement, the lenders under our other agreements could also declare a default. If a default occurs under any of our repurchase agreements and the lenders terminate one or more of our repurchase agreements, we may need to enter into replacement repurchase agreements with different lenders. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in entering into such replacement repurchase agreements on the same terms as the repurchase agreements that were terminated or at all. Any losses we incur on our repurchase transactions could adversely affect our earnings and thus our cash available for distribution to our stockholders. In the event of our insolvency or bankruptcy, certain repurchase agreements may qualify for special treatment under the Bankruptcy Code, the effect of which, among other things, would be to allow the lender under the applicable repurchase agreement to avoid the automatic stay provisions of the Bankruptcy Code and to foreclose on the collateral agreement without delay, which could ultimately reduce the amounts we could otherwise recover.
Risks Related to Hedging
We may enter into hedging transactions that could expose us to contingent liabilities in the future and adversely impact our financial condition.
Subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT, part of our strategy may involve entering into hedging transactions that could require us to fund cash payments in certain circumstances ( e.g. , the early termination of the hedging instrument caused by an event of default or other early termination event, or the decision by a counterparty to request margin securities it is contractually owed under the terms of the hedging instrument). The amount due would be equal to the unrealized loss of the open swap positions with the respective counterparty and could also include other fees and charges. These economic losses will be reflected in our results of operations, and our ability to fund these obligations will depend on the liquidity of our assets and access to capital at the time, and the need to fund these obligations could adversely impact our financial condition.
We have limited experience hedging the interest rate risk of our assets and such hedging may adversely affect our earnings, which could reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
We have limited experience hedging the interest rate risk of our assets, as the holders of the notes issued by trusts or vehicles and collateralized by our projects historically managed this risk. However, as part of our strategy of retaining a larger portion of the economics in the financings we originate and subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT, we may pursue various hedging strategies to seek to reduce our exposure to adverse changes in interest rates. Our hedging activity will vary in scope based on the level and volatility of interest rates, the type of assets held and other changing market conditions. Interest rate hedging may fail to protect or could adversely affect us because, among other things:
| our hedging strategies may be poorly designed or improperly executed resulting from our limited experience hedging the interest rate risk of our assets; |
| interest rate hedging can be expensive, particularly during periods of rising and volatile interest rates; |
| available interest rate hedges may not correspond directly with the interest rate risk for which protection is sought; |
| the duration of the hedge may not match the duration of the related liability; |
| the amount of income that a REIT may earn from certain hedging transactions (other than through taxable REIT subsidiaries, or TRSs), to offset interest rate losses is limited by U.S. federal tax provisions governing REITs; |
| the credit quality of the hedging counterparty owing money on the hedge may be downgraded to such an extent that it impairs our ability to sell or assign our side of the hedging transaction; |
| the hedging counterparty owing money in the hedging transaction may default on its obligation to pay; and |
| our hedging transactions, which are intended to limit losses, may actually adversely affect our earnings, which could reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders. |
In addition, over-the-counter swaps entered into to hedge interest rates involve risk since they often are not traded on regulated exchanges or cleared through a central counterparty. We would remain exposed to our counterpartys ability to performance perform its obligations under each such interest rate swap and cannot look to the creditworthiness of a central counterparty for performance. As a result, if a hedging counterparty cannot perform under the terms of an interest rate swap, we would not receive payments due under that interest rate swap, we may lose any unrealized gain associated with the interest rate swap and the hedged liability would cease to be hedged. While we would seek to terminate the relevant swap transaction and may have a claim against the defaulting counterparty for any losses, including unrealized gains, there is no assurance that we would be able to recover such amounts or to replace the relevant interest rate swap on economically viable terms or at all. In such case, we could be forced to cover our unhedged liabilities at the then current market price. We may also be at risk for any collateral we have pledged to secure our obligations under the interest rate swap if the counterparty becomes insolvent or files for bankruptcy.
Furthermore, our interest rate swaps are subject to increasing statutory and other regulatory requirements and, depending on the identity of the counterparty, applicable international requirements. Recently, new regulations have been promulgated by U.S. and foreign regulators attempting to strengthen oversight of swaps. Any actions taken by regulators could constrain our strategy and could increase our costs, either of which could materially and adversely impact its results of operations.
In particular, the Dodd-Frank Act requires certain derivatives, including certain interest rate swaps, to be executed on a regulated market and cleared through a central counterparty. Unlike over-the-counter swaps, the counterparty for the cleared swaps is the clearing house, which reduces counterparty risk. However, cleared swaps require us to appoint clearing brokers and to post margin in accordance with the clearing houses rules, which has resulted in increased costs for cleared swaps over over-the-counter swaps. It is expected that margin requirements will be introduced for over-the-counter swaps during the next 12-18 months which will exceed the margin requirements, and the cost to us, over cleared swaps. The margin regulations for both cleared and uncleared swaps are also expected to limit eligible margin to cash and specified types of securities, which may further increase the costs of hedging and induce us to change or reduce its use of hedging transactions.
If we choose not to pursue, or fail to qualify for, hedge accounting treatment, our operating results may suffer because losses on the derivatives that we enter into may not be offset by a change in the fair value of the related hedged transaction.
We may choose not to pursue, or fail to qualify for, hedge accounting treatment relating to derivative and hedging transactions. We may fail to qualify for hedge accounting treatment for a number of reasons, including if we use instruments that do not meet the Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 815 definition of a derivative (such as short sales), we fail to satisfy ASC Topic 815 hedge documentation and hedge effectiveness assessment requirements or our instruments are not highly effective. If we fail to qualify for, or choose not to pursue, hedge accounting treatment, our operating results may suffer because losses on the derivatives that we enter into may not be offset by a change in the fair value of the related hedged transaction.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
There can be no assurance that an active trading market for our common stock will continue, which could cause our common stock to trade at a discount and make it difficult for holders of our common stock to sell their shares.
Our common stock is listed on the NYSE. However, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for our common stock will continue, which could cause our common stock to trade at a discount. Accordingly, no assurance can be given as to the ability of our stockholders to sell their common stock or the price that our stockholders may obtain for their common stock.
Some of the factors that could negatively affect the market price of our common stock include:
| our actual or projected operating results, financial condition, cash flows and liquidity or changes in business strategy or prospects; |
| changes in the mix of our financing products and services, including the level of securitizations or fee income in any quarter; |
| actual or perceived conflicts of interest with individuals, including our executives; |
| our ability to arrange financing for projects; |
| equity issuances by us, or share resales by our stockholders, or the perception that such issuances or resales may occur; |
| seasonality in construction and in demand for our financial solutions; |
| actual or anticipated accounting problems; |
| publication of research reports about us or the sustainable infrastructure industry; |
| changes in market valuations of similar companies; |
| adverse market reaction to any increased indebtedness we may incur in the future; |
| commodity price changes; |
| interest rate changes; |
| additions to or departures of our key personnel; |
| speculation in the press or investment community; |
| our failure to meet, or the lowering of, our earnings estimates or those of any securities analysts; |
| increases in market interest rates, which may lead investors to demand a higher distribution yield for our common stock, and would result in increased interest expenses on our debt; |
| changes in governmental policies, regulations or laws; |
| failure to qualify, or maintain our qualification, as a REIT or failure to maintain our exception from registration as an investment company under the 1940 Act; |
| price and volume fluctuations in the stock market generally; and |
| general market and economic conditions, including the current state of the credit and capital markets. |
Market factors unrelated to our performance could also negatively impact the market price of our common stock. One of the factors that investors may consider in deciding whether to buy or sell our common stock is our distribution rate as a percentage of our stock price relative to market interest rates. If market interest rates increase, prospective investors may demand a higher distribution rate or seek alternative investments paying higher dividends or interest. As a result, interest rate fluctuations and conditions in capital markets can affect the market value of our common stock.
Common stock and preferred stock eligible for future sale may have adverse effects on our share price.
Subject to applicable law, our board of directors, without stockholder approval, may authorize us to issue additional authorized and unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock on the terms and for the consideration it deems appropriate. In addition, in connection with the formation transactions, we issued 1,771,777 shares of our common stock and our Operating Partnership issued 462,375 OP units to holders of membership interests in the Predecessor. In connection with the formation transactions we entered into a registration rights agreement which granted registration rights to those persons who received common stock (including common stock issuable upon exchange of OP units) in our formation transactions.
On January 2, 2014, we and certain holders of the registration rights agreed to delay the requirement to file the resale registration statement until we are eligible to file a short-form registration statement on Form S-3. Under the terms of the partnership agreement of our Operating Partnership, holders of OP units have the right to cause the Operating Partnership to purchase their OP units for cash in an amount equal to the average of the closing trading price of a share of our common stock for the ten trading days before the day on which the redemption notice is given to our Operating Partnership, or, at our option, by issuing shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis. However, in exchange for the agreement to delay the filing of the resale registration statement, we agreed that until the resale registration statement is effective, we will not exercise our right under the partnership agreement to deliver shares of our common stock in lieu of cash upon a request for redemption of OP units and instead will redeem such OP units for cash effective January 2, 2014, in accordance with the terms of the partnership agreement.
In certain circumstances, the registration rights agreement also requires us to provide piggyback and underwritten offering demand rights to those holders who will receive common stock (including common stock issuable upon exchange of OP units) in our formation transactions.
We will bear the expenses incident to these registration requirements except that we will not bear the costs of (i) any underwriting fees, discounts or commissions, (ii) out-of-pocket expenses of the persons exercising the registration rights, (iii) transfer taxes, or (iv) fees and disbursements of legal counsel to the selling stockholders in excess of $25,000 (as well as fees and disbursements from more than one firm of attorneys for all selling stockholders). We cannot predict the effect, if any, of future sales of our common stock or the availability of shares for future sales, on the market price of our common stock. Sales of substantial amounts of common stock or the perception that such sales could occur may adversely affect the prevailing market price for our common stock.
We cannot assure you of our ability to make distributions in the future. If our portfolio of assets fails to generate sufficient income and cash flow, we could be required to sell assets, borrow funds or make a portion of our distributions in the form of a taxable stock distribution or distribution of debt securities.
We are generally required to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains) each year for us to qualify, and maintain our qualification, as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code. Our current policy is to pay quarterly distributions, which on an annual basis will equal all or substantially all of our taxable income. In the event that our board of directors authorizes distributions in excess of the income or cash flow generated from our assets, we may make such distributions from the proceeds of future offerings of equity or debt securities or other forms of debt financing or the sale of assets.
Our ability to make distributions may be adversely affected by a number of factors. Therefore, although we anticipate making quarterly distributions to our stockholders, our board of directors has the sole discretion to determine the timing, form and amount of any distributions to our stockholders. If our portfolio of assets fails to generate sufficient income and cash flow, we could be required to sell assets, borrow funds or make a portion of our distributions in the form of a taxable stock distribution or distribution of debt securities. To the extent that we are required to sell assets in adverse market conditions or borrow funds at unfavorable rates, our results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Our board of directors will make determinations regarding distributions based upon various factors, including our earnings, our financial condition, our liquidity, our debt and preferred stock covenants, maintenance of our REIT qualification, applicable provisions of the MGCL and other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant from time to time. We believe that a change in any one of the following factors could adversely affect our results of operations and impair our ability to make distributions to our stockholders:
| our ability to make profitable investments and loans; |
| margin calls or other expenses that reduce our cash flow; |
| defaults in our asset portfolio or decreases in the value of our portfolio; and |
| the fact that anticipated operating expense levels may not prove accurate, as actual results may vary from estimates. |
As a result, no assurance can be given that we will be able to make distributions to our stockholders at any time in the future or that the level of any distributions we do make to our stockholders will achieve a market yield or increase or even be maintained over time, any of which could materially and adversely affect us.
In addition, distributions that we make to our stockholders will generally be taxable to our stockholders as ordinary income. However, a portion of our distributions may be designated by us as long-term capital gains to the extent that they are attributable to capital gain income recognized by us or may constitute a return of capital to the extent that they exceed our earnings and profits as determined for tax purposes. A return of capital is not taxable, but has the effect of reducing the basis of a stockholders investment in shares of our common stock.
Future offerings of debt or equity securities, which may rank senior to our common stock, may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Our present debt, and any future debt securities, would rank senior to our common stock. Such debt securities are, and likely will be, governed by an indenture or other instrument containing covenants restricting our operating flexibility. Additionally, any equity securities or convertible or exchangeable securities that we issue in the future may have rights, preferences and privileges more favorable than those of our common stock and may result in dilution to owners of our common stock. We and, indirectly, our stockholders will bear the cost of issuing and servicing such securities. Because our decision to issue debt or equity securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing or nature of our future offerings. Thus, holders of our common stock will bear the risk of our future offerings reducing the market price of our common stock and diluting the value of their stock holdings in us.
Risks Related to Our Organization and Structure
Our management has limited prior experience operating a REIT or a public company and therefore may have difficulty in successfully and profitably operating our business, or complying with regulatory requirements.
Prior to the completion of our IPO, our management had no experience operating a REIT or a public company. As a result, we cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully operate as a REIT, execute our business strategies as a public company, or comply with regulatory requirements applicable to public companies.
Our business could be harmed if key personnel terminate their employment with us.
Our success depends, to a significant extent, on the continued services of Jeffrey Eckel, Brendan Herron, Steven Chuslo, Rhem Wooten, Nate Rose and the other members of our senior management team. Upon completion of our IPO and our formation transactions, several of our officers, including Jeffrey Eckel, our chief executive officer, Brendan Herron, our executive vice president and chief financial officer, Steven Chuslo, our executive vice president and general counsel, Rhem Wooten, our executive vice president, and Nate Rose, our senior vice president and chief investment officer, entered into new employment agreements with us. These employment agreements provide for an initial four year term of employment. Notwithstanding these agreements, there can be no assurance that any or all of these members of our senior management team will remain employed by us. Other than a policy of $5 million which we maintain for Mr. Eckel, we do not maintain key person life insurance on any of our officers. The loss of services of one or more members of our senior management team, particularly, could harm our business and our prospects.
Conflicts of interest could arise as a result of our structure.
Conflicts of interest could arise in the future as a result of the relationships between us and our affiliates, on the one hand, and our Operating Partnership or any partner thereof, on the other. Our directors and officers have duties to our company under applicable Maryland law in connection with our management. At the same time, we have fiduciary duties, as a general partner, to our Operating Partnership and to our limited partners under Delaware law in connection with the management of our Operating Partnership. Our duties, as the general partner, to our Operating Partnership and our partners may come into conflict with the duties of our directors and officers to us.
Unless otherwise provided for in the relevant partnership agreement, Delaware law generally requires a general partner of a Delaware limited partnership to adhere to fiduciary duty standards under which it owes its limited partners the highest duties of good faith, fairness and loyalty and which generally prohibit such general partner from taking any action or engaging in any transaction as to which it has a conflict of interest.
Additionally, the partnership agreement of our Operating Partnership expressly limits our liability by providing that neither we, as the general partner of the Operating Partnership, nor any of our directors or officers, will be liable or accountable in damages to our Operating Partnership, its limited partners or their assignees for errors in judgment, mistakes of fact or law or for any act or omission if the general partner, director or officer, acted in good faith. In addition, our Operating Partnership is required to indemnify us, our affiliates and each of our and their respective officers, directors, employees and agents to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities (whether joint or several), expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys fees and other legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts arising from any and all claims, demands, actions, suits or proceedings, civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, that relate to the operations of the Operating Partnership, provided that our Operating Partnership will not indemnify any such person for (1) willful misconduct or a knowing violation of the law, (2) any transaction for which such person received an improper personal benefit in violation or breach of any provision of the partnership agreement of our Operating Partnership, or (3) in the case of a criminal proceeding, the person had reasonable cause to believe the act or omission was unlawful.
The provisions of Delaware law that allow the common law fiduciary duties of a general partner to be modified by a partnership agreement have not been resolved in a court of law, and we have not obtained an opinion of counsel covering the provisions set forth in the partnership agreement of our Operating Partnership that purport to waive or restrict our fiduciary duties that would be in effect under common law were it not for the partnership agreement of our Operating Partnership.
Certain provisions of Maryland law could inhibit changes in control.
Certain provisions of the MGCL may have the effect of deterring a third party from making a proposal to acquire us or of impeding a change in control under circumstances that otherwise could provide the holders of our common stock with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-prevailing market price of our common stock. We are subject to the business combination provisions of the MGCL that, subject to limitations, prohibit certain business combinations (including a merger, consolidation, statutory share exchange, or, in circumstances specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities) between us and an interested stockholder (defined generally as any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of our then outstanding voting stock or an affiliate or associate of ours who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of our then outstanding voting stock) or an affiliate thereof for five years after the most recent date on which the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. After the five-year prohibition, any business combination between us and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by our board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of at least (1) 80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of our voting stock and (2) two thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of our voting stock other than shares held by the interested stockholder with whom or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder. These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if, among other conditions, our common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under the MGCL, for their shares in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares. These provisions of the MGCL do not apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by a board of directors prior to the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. Our board of directors has by resolution exempted business combinations between us and (1) any other person, provided, that such business combination is first approved by our board of directors (including a majority of our directors who are not affiliates or associates of such person), (2) the Predecessor and its affiliates and associates as part of our formation transactions and (3) persons acting in concert with any of the foregoing. As a result, any person described in the preceding sentence may be able to enter into business combinations with us that may not be in the best interests of our stockholders, without compliance by our company with the supermajority vote requirements and other provisions of the statute. There can be no assurance that our board of directors will not amend or revoke the exemption at any time.
The control share provisions of the MGCL provide that, subject to certain exceptions, a holder of control shares of a Maryland corporation (defined as shares which, when aggregated with all other shares controlled by the stockholder (except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy), entitle the stockholder to exercise one of three increasing ranges of voting power in electing directors) acquired in a control share acquisition (defined as the direct or indirect acquisition of ownership or control of issued and outstanding control shares) has no voting rights with respect to such shares except to the extent approved by our stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, excluding votes entitled to be cast by the acquiror of control shares, our officers and our directors who are also our employees. Our bylaws contain a provision exempting from the control share acquisition statute any and all acquisitions by any person of shares of our stock. There can be no assurance that this provision will not be amended or eliminated at any time in the future.
The unsolicited takeover provisions of Title 3, Subtitle 8 of the MGCL permit our board of directors, without stockholder approval and regardless of what is currently provided in our charter or bylaws, to implement certain takeover defenses, some of which (for example, a classified board) we do not yet have. Our charter contains a provision whereby we have elected to be subject to the provisions of Title 3, Subtitle 8 of the MGCL, pursuant to which our board of directors has the exclusive power to fill vacancies on our board of directors. These provisions may have the effect of inhibiting a third party from making an acquisition proposal for us or of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us under the circumstances that otherwise could provide the holders of shares of common stock with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then current market price.
Our authorized but unissued shares of common and preferred stock may prevent a change in our control.
Our charter permits our board of directors to authorize us to issue additional shares of our authorized but unissued common or preferred stock. In addition, our board of directors may, without common stockholder approval, amend our charter to increase the aggregate number of our shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we have the authority to issue and classify or reclassify any unissued shares of common or preferred stock and set the terms of the classified or reclassified shares. As a result, our board of directors may establish a series of common or preferred stock that could delay or prevent a transaction or a change in control that might involve a premium price for shares of our common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders.
Our rights and the rights of our stockholders to take action against our directors and officers are limited, which could limit your recourse in the event of actions not in your best interests.
Our charter eliminates the liability of our present and former directors and officers to us and our stockholders for money damages to the maximum extent permitted under Maryland law. Under Maryland law, our present and former directors and officers will not have any liability to us or our stockholders for money damages other than liability resulting from:
| actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services; or |
| active and deliberate dishonesty by the director or officer that was established by a final judgment and was material to the cause of action adjudicated. |
Our charter authorizes us to indemnify our directors and officers for actions taken by them in those and other capacities to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law. Our bylaws require us to indemnify each present and former director or officer, and each person who served any predecessor of our company, including the Predecessor, in a similar capacity, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, in connection with the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made, or threatened to be made, a party or a witness by reason of his or her service to us or our predecessor. In addition, we may be obligated to pay or reimburse the expenses incurred by such persons in connection with any such proceedings without requiring a preliminary determination of their ultimate entitlement to indemnification.
Our charter contains provisions that make removal of our directors difficult, which could make it difficult for our stockholders to effect changes to our management.
Our charter provides that, subject to the rights of holders of any series of preferred stock, a director may be removed with or without cause upon the affirmative vote of holders of at least two thirds of the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of directors. Vacancies may be filled only by a majority of the remaining directors in office, even if less than a quorum. These requirements make it more difficult to change our management by removing and replacing directors and may prevent a change in control of our company that is in the best interests of our stockholders.
Ownership limitations may restrict change of control or business combination opportunities in which our stockholders might receive a premium for their shares.
In order for us to qualify as a REIT for each taxable year after 2013, no more than 50% in value of our outstanding capital stock may be owned, directly or constructively, by five or fewer individuals during the last half of any calendar year, and at least 100 persons must beneficially own our stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, or during a proportionate portion of a shorter taxable year. Individuals for this purpose include natural persons, private foundations, some employee benefit plans and trusts, and some charitable trusts. To assist us in preserving our REIT qualification, among other purposes, our charter generally prohibits any person from directly or indirectly owning more than 9.8% in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the aggregate outstanding shares of our capital stock, the outstanding shares of any class or series of our preferred stock or the outstanding shares of our common stock. These ownership limits could have the effect of discouraging a takeover or other transaction in which holders of our common stock might receive a premium for their shares over the then prevailing market price or which holders might believe to be otherwise in their best interests. Our board of directors has granted a waiver from this ownership limit which permits certain entities affiliated with MissionPoint HA Parallel Fund, L.P. to collectively hold up to 1,500,000 shares of our outstanding common stock.
We have recently become subject to financial reporting and other requirements for which our accounting, internal audit and other management systems and resources may not be adequately prepared.
Upon the completion of our IPO, we became subject to reporting and other obligations under the Exchange Act, including the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Section 404 requires annual management assessments of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting and, after we are no longer an Emerging Growth Company for purposes of the JOBS Act, our independent registered public accounting firm to express an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting. To the extent applicable, these reporting and other obligations place or will place significant demands on our management, administrative, operational, internal audit and accounting resources and will cause us to incur significant expenses. We may need to upgrade our systems or create new systems; implement additional financial and management controls, reporting systems and procedures; expand or outsource our internal audit function; and hire additional accounting, internal audit and finance staff. If we are unable to accomplish these objectives in a timely and effective fashion, our ability to comply with the financial reporting requirements and other rules that apply to reporting companies could be impaired. We believe that we have in place, or will have in place at the end of any applicable phase-in periods permitted by the NYSE, the SEC and the JOBS Act, accounting, internal audit and other management systems and resources that will allow us to maintain compliance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Any failure to maintain effective internal controls could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and stock price.
Pursuant to the JOBS Act, we are eligible to take advantage of certain specified reduced disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies for so long as we are an emerging growth company.
We are an emerging growth company as defined in the JOBS Act and we are eligible to take advantage of certain specified reduced disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We may take advantage of these exemptions for up to five years or such earlier time that we are no longer an emerging growth company. We would cease to be an emerging growth company if we have more than $1 billion in annual gross revenues, we have more than $700 million in market value of our stock held by non-affiliates, or we issue more than $1 billion of non-convertible debt over a three-year period. If we do take advantage of any or all of these exceptions, we cannot predict if some investors will find our common stock less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions. The result may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.
Risks Related to Our Taxation as a REIT
Qualifying as a REIT involves highly technical and complex provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, and our failure to qualify or remain qualified as a REIT would subject us to U.S. federal income tax and applicable state and local tax, which would negatively impact the results of our operations and reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
We have been organized and we intend to operate in a manner that will enable us to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2013. The U.S. federal income tax laws governing REITs are complex, and judicial and administrative interpretations of the U.S. federal income tax laws governing REIT qualification are limited. To qualify as a REIT and remain so qualified, we must meet, on an ongoing basis, various tests regarding the nature and diversification of our assets and our income, the ownership of our outstanding shares, and the amount of our distributions. Even a technical or inadvertent violation could jeopardize our REIT qualification. Our ability to satisfy the asset tests depends upon our analysis of the characterization and fair market values of our assets, some of which are not susceptible to a precise determination, and for which we will not obtain independent appraisals .
We intend to continue to treat a substantial portion of our existing assets and any similar assets that we may in the future have an interest in as qualifying real estate assets for purposes of the REIT asset tests, and intend to continue to treat the income derived from such assets as interest income qualifying under the 75% gross income test. We received a private letter ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) relating to our ability to treat certain of our assets as qualifying REIT assets to the extent they fall within the scope of such private letter ruling. We are entitled to rely upon this ruling for those assets which fit within the scope of the ruling only to the extent that we have the legal and contractual rights described therein and did not misstate or omit in the ruling request a relevant fact and that we continue to operate in the future in accordance with the relevant facts described in such request, and no assurance can be given that we will always be able to do so.
If we were not able to treat the interest income that we receive as qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross income tests, we would be required to restructure the manner in which we receive such income and we may realize significant income that does not qualify for the REIT 75% gross income test, which could cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT. In addition, our compliance with the REIT income and quarterly asset requirements also depends upon our ability to successfully manage the composition of our income and assets on an ongoing basis in accordance with existing REIT regulations and rules and interpretations thereof. Moreover, the IRS, new legislation, court decisions or other administrative guidance, in each case possibly with retroactive effect, may make it more difficult or impossible for us to qualify as a REIT. In addition, our ability to satisfy the requirements to qualify as a REIT depends in part on the actions of third parties over which we have no control or only limited influence, including in cases where we own an equity interest in an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Thus, while we intend to operate so that we will qualify as a REIT, given the highly complex nature of the rules governing REITs, the ongoing importance of factual determinations, and the possibility of future changes in our circumstances, no assurance can be given that we will so qualify for any particular year.
If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, and we do not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, we would be required to pay U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income, and distributions to our stockholders would not be deductible by us in determining our taxable income. In such a case, we might need to borrow money or sell assets in order to pay our taxes. Our payment of income tax would negatively impact the results of our operations and decrease the amount of our income available for distribution to our stockholders. Furthermore, if we fail to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we no longer would be required to distribute substantially all of our taxable income to our stockholders. In addition, unless we were eligible for certain statutory relief provisions, we could not re-elect to qualify as a REIT for the subsequent four taxable years following the year in which we failed to qualify.
Complying with REIT requirements may force us to liquidate or forego otherwise attractive investments.
To qualify as a REIT, we must ensure that we meet the REIT gross income tests annually and that, at the end of each calendar quarter, at least 75% of the value of our total assets consists of cash, cash items, government securities, shares in REITs and other qualifying real estate assets. The remainder of our investment in securities (other than government securities and REIT qualified real estate assets) generally cannot include more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer or more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. In addition, in general, no more than 5% of the value of our total assets (other than government securities, securities of a TRS and securities that are qualifying real estate assets) can consist of the securities of any one issuer, and no more than 25% of the value of our total assets can be represented by securities of one or more TRSs. If we fail to comply with these requirements at the end of any calendar quarter, we must correct the failure within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter or qualify for certain statutory relief provisions to avoid losing our REIT qualification and suffering adverse tax consequences. As a result, we may be required to liquidate from our portfolio, or contribute to a TRS, otherwise attractive investments, and may be unable to pursue investments that would be otherwise advantageous to us in order to satisfy the source of income or asset diversification requirements for qualifying as a REIT. These actions could have the effect of reducing our income and amounts available for distribution to our stockholders.
REIT distribution requirements could adversely affect our ability to execute our business plan and may require us to incur debt or sell assets to make such distributions.
In order to qualify as a REIT, we must distribute to our stockholders, each calendar year, at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (including certain items of non-cash income), determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gain. To the extent that we satisfy the 90% distribution requirement,
but distribute less than 100% of our taxable income, we will be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on our undistributed income. In addition, we will incur a 4% non-deductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which our distributions in any calendar year are less than a minimum amount specified under U.S. federal income tax laws. We intend to distribute our taxable income to our stockholders in a manner intended to satisfy the REIT 90% distribution requirement and to avoid the 4% non-deductible excise tax.
In addition, differences in timing between the recognition of taxable income, our U.S. GAAP income and the actual receipt of cash may occur. For example, we may be required to accrue interest and discount income on debt securities or interests in debt securities before we receive any payments of interest or principal on such assets, and there may be timing differences in the accrual of such interest and discount income for tax purposes and for U.S. GAAP purposes.
As a result of the foregoing, we may generate less cash flow than taxable income in a particular year and find it difficult or impossible to meet the REIT distribution requirements in certain circumstances. In such circumstances, we may be required to: (i) sell assets in adverse market conditions, (ii) borrow on unfavorable terms, (iii) distribute amounts that would otherwise be invested in future acquisitions, capital expenditures or repayment of debt, (iv) make a taxable distribution of our shares as part of a distribution in which stockholders may elect to receive shares or (subject to a limit measured as a percentage of the total distribution) cash or (v) use cash reserves, in order to comply with the REIT distribution requirements and to avoid U.S. federal corporate income tax and the 4% non-deductible excise tax. Thus, compliance with the REIT distribution requirements may hinder our ability to grow, which could adversely affect the value of our common stock.
Even if we qualify as a REIT, we may face tax liabilities that reduce our cash flow.
Even if we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to certain U.S. federal, state and local taxes on our income and assets, including taxes on any undistributed income, tax on income from some activities conducted as a result of a foreclosure, and state or local income, franchise, property and transfer taxes, including mortgage recording taxes. In addition, any TRSs we own will be subject to U.S. federal, state and local corporate income or franchise taxes. In order to meet the REIT qualification requirements, or to avoid the imposition of a 100% tax that applies to certain gains derived by a REIT from sales of inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, we may hold some of our assets through TRSs. Any taxes paid by such TRSs would decrease the cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
The failure of assets subject to a repurchase agreement to be considered owned by us or a mezzanine loan to qualify as a real estate asset may adversely affect our ability to qualify as a REIT.
We may enter into repurchase agreements under which we will nominally sell certain of our assets to a counterparty and simultaneously enter into an agreement to repurchase the sold assets. We believe that we will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as the owner of the assets that are the subject of any such agreements and that the repurchase agreements will be treated as secured lending transactions notwithstanding that such agreements may transfer record ownership of the assets to the counterparty during the term of the agreement. It is possible, however, that the IRS could assert that we did not own the assets during the term of the repurchase agreement, in which case we could fail to qualify as a REIT.
In addition, we may acquire mezzanine loans, which are loans secured by equity interests in a partnership or limited liability company that directly or indirectly owns real property. In Revenue Procedure 2003-65, the IRS provided a safe harbor pursuant to which a mezzanine loan, if it meets each of the requirements contained in the Revenue Procedure, will be treated by the IRS as a real estate asset for purposes of the REIT asset tests, and interest derived from the mezzanine loan will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the REIT 75% gross income test. Although the Revenue Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law. We may acquire mezzanine loans that may not meet all of the requirements for reliance on this safe harbor. In the event we own a mezzanine loan that does not meet the safe harbor, the IRS could challenge such loans treatment as a real estate asset for purposes of the REIT asset and income tests, and if such a challenge were sustained, we could fail to qualify as a REIT.
We may be required to report taxable income for certain investments in excess of the economic income we ultimately realize from them.
To the extent we acquire debt instruments in the secondary market for less than their face amount, the amount of such discount will generally be treated as market discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We expect to accrue market discount on the basis of a constant yield to maturity of a debt instrument. Accrued market discount is reported as income when, and to the extent that, any payment of principal of the debt instrument is made, unless we elect to include accrued market discount in income as it accrues. Principal payments on certain loans are made monthly, and consequently accrued market discount may have to be included in income each month as if the debt instrument were assured of ultimately being collected in full. If we collect less on the debt instrument than our purchase price plus the market discount we had previously reported as income, we may not be able to benefit from any offsetting loss deductions.
Similarly, some of the debt instruments that we acquire may have been issued with original issue discount. We will be required to report such original issue discount based on a constant yield method and will be taxed based on the assumption that all future projected payments due on such debt instruments will be made. If such debt instruments turn out not to be fully collectible, an offsetting loss deduction will become available only in the later year that uncollectability is provable. In addition, in the event that any debt instruments acquired by us are delinquent as to mandatory principal and interest payments, or in the event payments with respect to a particular debt instrument are not made when due, we may nonetheless be required to continue to recognize the unpaid interest as taxable income as it accrues, despite doubt as to its ultimate collectability. While we would in general ultimately have an offsetting loss deduction available to us when such interest was determined to be uncollectible, the utility of that deduction could depend on our having taxable income in that later year or thereafter. Although we do not presently intend to, we may, in the future, acquire debt investments that are subsequently modified by agreement with the borrower. If such amendments are significant modifications under the applicable Treasury Regulations, we may be required to recognize taxable income as a result of such amendments. Finally, we may be required under the terms of indebtedness that we incur with private lenders to use cash received from interest payments to make principal payments on that indebtedness, with the effect of recognizing income but not having a corresponding amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
The interest apportionment rules under Treasury Regulation Section 1.856-5(c) provide that, if a loan is secured by both real property and other property, a REIT is required to apportion its annual interest income to the real property securing the loan based on a fraction, the numerator of which is the value of such real property, determined when the REIT commits to acquire the loan, and the denominator of which is the highest principal amount of the loan during the year. IRS Revenue Procedure 2011-16, interprets the principal amount of the loan to be the face amount of the loan, despite the Internal Revenue Code requiring taxpayers to treat any market discount, that is the difference between the purchase price of the loan and its face amount, for all purposes (other than certain withholding and information reporting purposes) as interest rather than principal. The interest apportionment regulations apply only if the loan in question is secured by both real property and other property.
If the IRS were to assert successfully that our loans were secured by property other than real estate, the interest apportionment rules applied for purposes of our REIT testing, and that the position taken in IRS Revenue Procedure 2011-16 should be applied to certain loans in our portfolio, then depending upon the value of the real property securing our loans and their face amount, and the sources of our gross income generally, we may fail to meet the 75% REIT gross income test. If we do not meet this test, we could potentially lose our REIT qualification or be required to pay a penalty to the IRS.
The taxable mortgage pool rules may increase the taxes that we or our stockholders may incur, and may limit the manner in which we effect future securitizations.
Securitizations by us or our subsidiaries could result in the creation of taxable mortgage pools for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, we could have excess inclusion income. Certain categories of stockholders, such as non-U.S. stockholders eligible for treaty or other benefits, U.S. stockholders with net operating losses, and certain U.S. tax-exempt stockholders that are subject to unrelated business income tax, could be subject to increased taxes on a portion of their dividend income from us that is attributable to any such excess inclusion income. In the case of a stockholder that is a REIT, a regulated investment company (a RIC) common trust fund or other pass-through entity, our allocable share of our excess inclusion income could be considered excess inclusion
income of such entity. In addition, to the extent that our common stock is owned by U.S. tax-exempt disqualified organizations, such as certain government-related entities and charitable remainder trusts that are not subject to tax on unrelated business income, we may incur a corporate level tax on a portion of any excess inclusion income. Because this tax generally would be imposed on us, all of our stockholders, including stockholders that are not disqualified organizations, generally will bear a portion of the tax cost associated with the classification of us or a portion of our assets as a taxable mortgage pool. A RIC, or other pass-through entity owning our common stock in record name will be subject to tax at the highest U.S. federal corporate tax rate on any excess inclusion income allocated to their owners that are disqualified organizations. Moreover, we could face limitations in selling equity interests in these securitizations to outside investors, or selling any debt securities issued in connection with these securitizations that might be considered to be equity interests for tax purposes. Finally, if we were to fail to qualify as a REIT, any taxable mortgage pool securitizations would be treated as separate taxable corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes that could not be included in any consolidated U.S. federal corporate income tax return. These limitations may prevent us from using certain techniques to maximize our returns from securitization transactions.
Although our use of TRSs may be able to partially mitigate the impact of meeting the requirements necessary to maintain our qualification as a REIT, our ownership of and relationship with our TRSs is limited and a failure to comply with the limits would jeopardize our REIT qualification and may result in the application of a 100% excise tax.
A REIT may own up to 100% of the stock of one or more TRSs. Subject to certain exceptions, a TRS may hold assets and earn income that would not be qualifying assets or income if held or earned directly by a REIT. Both the subsidiary and the REIT must jointly elect to treat the subsidiary as a TRS. A corporation of which a TRS directly or indirectly owns more than 35% of the voting power or value of the stock will automatically be treated as a TRS. Overall, no more than 25% of the value of a REITs total assets may consist of stock or securities of one or more TRSs. In addition, the TRS rules limit the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a TRS to its parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. The rules also impose a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT that are not conducted on an arms-length basis. Our TRSs will pay U.S. federal, state and local income or franchise tax on their taxable income, and their after-tax net income will be available for distribution to us but will not be required to be distributed to us, unless necessary to maintain our REIT qualification. While we will be monitoring the aggregate value of the securities of our TRSs and intend to conduct our affairs so that such securities will represent less than 25% of the value of our total assets, there can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with the TRS limitation in all market conditions.
Dividends payable by REITs generally do not qualify for the reduced tax rates on dividend income from regular corporations, which could adversely affect the value of our shares.
The maximum U.S. federal income tax rate for certain qualified dividends payable to U.S. stockholders that are individuals, trusts and estates is 20%. Dividends payable by REITs are generally not eligible for the reduced rates and therefore may be subject to a 39.6% maximum U.S. federal income tax rate on ordinary income. Although the reduced U.S. federal income tax rate applicable to dividend income from regular corporate dividends does not adversely affect the taxation of REITs or dividends paid by REITs, the more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate dividends could cause investors who are individuals, trusts and estates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the value of the shares of REITs, including shares of our common stock.
The tax on prohibited transactions limits our ability to engage in transactions, including certain methods of securitizing loans, which would be treated as sales for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
A REITs net income from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% tax. In general, prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions of property, other than foreclosure property, but including loans, held as inventory or primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. We might be subject to this tax if we were to sell or securitize loans in a manner that was treated as a sale of the loans as inventory for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Therefore, in order to avoid the prohibited transactions tax, we may choose not to engage in certain sales of loans, other than through a TRS, and we may be required to limit the structures we use for our securitization transactions, even though such sales or structures might otherwise be beneficial for us.
Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge effectively.
The REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code may limit our ability to hedge our assets and operations. Under these provisions, any income that we generate from transactions intended to hedge our interest rate exposure will be excluded from gross income for purposes of the REIT 75% and 95% gross income tests if the instrument hedges interest rate risk on liabilities used to carry or acquire real estate assets, or certain other specified types of risk, and such instrument is properly identified under applicable Treasury Regulations. Income from hedging transactions that do not meet these requirements will generally constitute nonqualifying income for purposes of both the REIT 75% and 95% gross income tests. As a result of these rules, we may have to limit our use of hedging techniques that might otherwise be advantageous or implement those hedges through a TRS. This could increase the cost of our hedging activities because our TRS would be subject to tax on gains or the limits on our use of hedging techniques could expose us to greater risks associated with changes in interest rates than we would otherwise want to bear. In addition, losses in our TRS will generally not provide any tax benefit to us, although such losses may be carried forward to offset future taxable income of the TRS.
We may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes that could reduce the market price of shares of our common stock.
At any time, the U.S. federal income tax laws or regulations governing REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws or regulations may be changed, possibly with retroactive effect. We cannot predict if or when any new U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, or any amendment to any existing U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, will be adopted, promulgated or become effective or whether any such law, regulation or interpretation may take effect retroactively. We and our stockholders could be adversely affected by any such change in, or any new, U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation.
Liquidation of our assets may jeopardize our REIT qualification.
To qualify as a REIT, we must comply with requirements regarding our assets and our sources of income. If we are compelled to liquidate our assets to repay obligations to our lenders, we may be unable to comply with these requirements, thereby jeopardizing our qualification as a REIT, or we may be subject to a 100% tax on any resultant gain if we sell assets that are treated as inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business.
Your investment has various U.S. federal income tax risks.
We urge you to consult your tax advisor concerning the effects of U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax laws to you with regard to an investment in shares of our common stock.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.
Our principal executive offices are located at 1906 Towne Centre Blvd, Suite 370, Annapolis, Maryland 21401. Our telephone number is (410) 571-9860.
From time to time, we may be involved in various claims and legal actions in the ordinary course of business. As of December 31, 2013, we are not currently subject to any legal proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5. Market for Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Market Information
Our common stock began trading on the NYSE on April 18, 2013 under the symbol HASI. Prior to that time, there was no public trading market for our common stock. On March 14, 2014 the last sales price for our common stock on the NYSE was $14.58 per share. The following table presents the high and low sales prices per share of our common stock during each calendar quarter since it commenced trading on the NYSE on April 24, 2013 until December 31, 2013:
Period: |
High | Low | Dividends | |||||||||
October 1, 2013 through December 31, 2013 |
$ | 14.15 | $ | 11.03 | $ | 0.36 | ||||||
July 1, 2013 through September 30, 2013 |
12.51 | 11.05 | 0.06 | |||||||||
April 18, 2013 through June 30, 2013 |
12.51 | 9.15 | |
Holders
As of March 12, 2014, we had 111 registered holders of our common stock. The 111 holders of record does not include the beneficial owners of our common stock whose shares are held by a broker or bank. Such information was obtained from Depository Trust Company.
Dividends
We intend to make regular quarterly distributions to holders of our common stock. U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, and that it pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that it annually distributes less than 100% of its taxable income. Our current policy is to pay quarterly distributions, which on an annual basis will equal all or substantially all of our taxable income. Any distributions we make will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon, among other things, our actual results of operations. These results and our ability to pay distributions will be affected by various factors, including the net interest and other income from our portfolio, our operating expenses and any other expenditures. See Item 1A, Risk Factors, and Item 7, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for information regarding the sources of funds used for dividends and for a discussion of factors, if any, which may adversely affect our ability to pay dividends.
During 2013, we declared the following dividends:
Declaration Date |
Record Date | Payment Date | Amount per Share | |||||||||
08/08/2013 |
08/20/2013 | 08/29/2013 | $ | 0.06 | ||||||||
11/07/2013 |
11/18/2013 | 11/22/2013 | $ | 0.14 | ||||||||
12/17/13 |
12/30/13 | 1/10/14 | $ | 0.22 |
Subsequent to 2013, on March 13, 2014, our board of directors declared a $0.22 dividend to shareholders of record as of March 27, 2014 and payable on April 9, 2014.
Stockholder Return Performance
The stock performance graph and table below shall not be deemed, under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, to be (i) soliciting material or filed or (ii) incorporated by reference by any general statement into any filing made by us with the SEC, except to the extent that we specifically incorporate such stock performance graph and table by reference.
The following graph is a comparison of the cumulative total stockholder return on our shares of common stock, the Standard & Poors 500 Index (the S&P 500 Index), and the SNL Finance REIT Index and the Dow Jones Utility Average which are peer group indexes from April 17, 2013 (the pricing of our IPO on the NYSE) to December 31, 2013. The graph assumes that $100 was invested at closing on April 17, 2013 in our shares of common stock, the S&P 500 Index, and the peer group indexes and that all dividends were reinvested without the payment of any commissions. There can be no assurance that the performance of our common stock will continue in line with the same or similar trends depicted in the graph below.
Index | 04/17/13 | 12/31/13 | ||||||
Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. |
$ | 100.00 | $ | 115.37 | ||||
S&P 500 Index |
$ | 100.00 | $ | 120.92 | ||||
SNL Finance REIT Index (1) |
$ | 100.00 | $ | 84.40 | ||||
Dow Jones Utility Average |
$ | 100.00 | $ | 97.27 |
Source: SNL Financial LC, Charlottesville, VA © 2014
(1) | As of December 31, 2013, the SNL Finance REIT Index comprised of the following companies: AG Mortgage Investment Trust, Inc.; American Capital Agency Corp.; American Capital Mortgage Investment Corp.; American Church Mortgage Company; Annaly Capital Management, Inc.; Anworth Mortgage Asset Corporation; Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc.; Apollo Residential Mortgage, Inc.; Arbor Realty Trust, Inc.; Ares Commercial Real Estate Corporation; ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.; Bimini Capital Management, Inc.; Blackstone Mortgage Trust, Inc.; BRT Realty Trust; Capstead Mortgage Corporation; Cherry Hill Mortgage Investment Corporation; Chimera Investment Corporation; Colony Financial, Inc.; CV Holdings, Inc.; CYS Investments, Inc.; Dynex Capital, Inc.; Ellington Residential Mortgage REIT; Five Oaks Investment Corp.; Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc.; Hatteras Financial Corp.; Invesco Mortgage Capital Inc.; iStar Financial Inc.; JAVELIN Mortgage Investment Corp.; JER Investors Trust Inc.; MFA Financial, Inc.; New Residential Investment Corp.; New York Mortgage Trust, Inc.; Newcastle Investment Corp.; NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.; Orchid Island Capital, Inc.; Origen Financial, Inc.; Owens Realty Mortgage, Inc.; PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust; PMC Commercial Trust; RAIT Financial Trust; Redwood Trust, Inc.; Resource Capital Corp.; Starwood Property Trust, Inc.; Two Harbors Investment Corp.; Western Asset Mortgage Capital Corporation; and ZAIS Financial Corp. |
Securities Authorized For Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
In 2013, we adopted the 2013 Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan (the 2013 Plan) to provide equity based incentive compensation to members of our senior management team, our independent directors, advisers, consultants and other personnel. The 2013 Plan authorizes our compensation committee to grant stock options, shares of restricted common stock, phantom shares, dividend equivalent rights, long term incentive (LTIP) plan units and other restricted limited partnership units issued by our Operating Partnership and other equity-based awards up to an aggregate of 7.5% of the shares of common stock issued and outstanding from time to time on a fully diluted basis (assuming, if applicable, the exercise of all outstanding options and the conversion of all warrants and convertible securities, including OP units and LTIP units, into shares of common stock).
As of December 31, 2013, we have granted 598,815 shares of our restricted common stock, which are subject to vesting requirements, to our directors, officers and other employees. In addition, from January 1, 2014 through March 14, 2014, we have granted 7,000 shares of our restricted common stock, which are subject to vesting requirements, to our directors, officers and other employees.
The following table presents certain information about our equity compensation plan as of December 31, 2013:
Award |
Number of securities
remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in the first column of this table) (1) |
|||
Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders |
672,744 | |||
Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders |
| |||
|
|
|||
Total |
672,744 | |||
|
|
(1) | The 2013 Plan provides for grants of equity awards up to, in the aggregate, the equivalent of 7.5% of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock from time to time (on a fully diluted basis (assuming, if applicable, the exercise of all outstanding options and the conversion of all warrants and convertible securities into shares of common stock)) at the time of the award. At December 31, 2013, we did not have outstanding under our equity compensation plan, any options, warrants or rights to purchase share of our common stock. |
Recent Sales of Unregistered Equity Securities; Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities
On April 23, 2013, in connection with our formation transactions and our IPO, we completed private placements pursuant to which we issued 1,643,429 shares of common stock, 128,348 restricted stock units and 455,961 OP units as consideration to certain entities and individuals, including certain of our officers, for their direct and indirect interests in certain entities that were merged with and into us or our subsidiaries in the formation transactions and for the conversion of an existing limited partnership interest. The shares of common stock and OP units were issued in reliance upon exemptions from registration provided under Section 4(2) under the Securities Act.
On May 23, 2013, one of our executive officers received 6,414 additional OP units in connection with the exercise by the underwriters on May 17, 2013 of their option to purchase additional shares of common stock in the IPO. Pursuant to the partnership interest subscription agreement, the executive officer was entitled to a number of OP units equal to 0.8% of the number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of the closing of the IPO, including any shares issued upon exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares. The OP units were issued in reliance upon exemptions from registration provided under Section 4(2) under the Securities Act.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
During the year ended December 31, 2013, certain of our employees surrendered common stock owned by them to satisfy their statutory minimum federal and state tax obligations associated with the vesting of restricted stock units issued in connection with our IPO.
The following table summarizes all of the repurchases of common stock in the quarter and for the year ended December 31, 2013:
Period |
Total number
of shares purchased |
Average price
paid per share |
Total number of
shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs |
Maximum number
of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs |
||||||||||||
October 1, 2013 - October 31, 2013 |
| | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||
November 1, 2013 - November 30, 2013 (1) |
30,539 | $ | 11.99 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||||
December 1, 2013 - December 31, 2013 |
| | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total for the year ended December 31, 2013 |
30,539 | $ | 11.99 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | The number of shares purchased represents shares of common stock surrendered by certain of our employees to satisfy their statutory minimum federal and state tax obligations associated with the vesting of restricted stock units issued to them in connection with our IPO. The price paid per share is based on the closing price of our common stock as of November 15, 2013, the date of the withholding. |
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
The following table sets forth selected financial and operating data on a historical basis for the Predecessor for periods prior to the consummation of our IPO on April 23, 2013 and for us for periods on or after April 23, 2013. The financial data for the Predecessor for such periods do not reflect the material changes to the business as a result of the capital raised in our IPO including the broadened types of projects undertaken, the enhanced financial structuring flexibility and the ability to retain a larger share of the economics from the origination activities. Accordingly, the financial data for the Predecessor is not necessarily indicative of our results of operations, cash flows or financial position following the completion of our IPO.
The following financial information should be read in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the financial statements and related notes thereto. The Predecessors fiscal year ended on September 30 of each year. Our fiscal year ends on December 31 of each year, beginning with the year ended December 31, 2013. The historical consolidated balance sheet information as of September 30, 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009 are of the Predecessor and the consolidated statements of operations information for the three months ended December 31, 2012 and for the years ended September 30, 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009 are of the Predecessor and, along with the consolidated balance sheet of our company as of December 31, 2013 and the consolidated statement of operations of our company for the year ended December 31, 2013, have been derived from the historical audited consolidated financial statements and related notes. The historical condensed consolidated statements of operations information for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2011 has been derived from the unaudited historical condensed consolidated financial statements of the Predecessor, which we believe include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present the information set forth therein under U.S. GAAP in the United States. The results of operations for the interim three month periods ended December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be obtained for the full fiscal year.
Year Ended
December 31, |
Three Months
Ended December 31, |
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue : |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total investment interest income |
17,365 | $ | 2,834 | $ | 3,350 | $ | 11,848 | $ | 11,739 | $ | 10,904 | $ | 11,435 | |||||||||||||||
Investment interest expense |
(9,815 | ) | (2,347 | ) | (2,821 | ) | (9,852 | ) | (9,442 | ) | (9,606 | ) | (10,593 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue |
7,550 | 487 | 529 | 1,996 | 2,297 | 1,298 | 842 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for credit losses |
(11,000 | ) | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue, net of provision |
(3,450 | ) | 487 | 529 | 1,996 | 2,297 | 1,298 | 842 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other Investment Revenue : |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain on securitization of receivables |
5,597 | 2,534 | 1,940 | 3,912 | 4,025 | 6,322 | 9,990 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Fee income |
1,483 | 254 | 288 | 11,380 | 877 | 7,716 | 933 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Other Investment Revenue |
7,080 | 2,788 | 2,228 | 15,292 | 4,902 | 14,038 | 10,923 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total Revenue, net of investment interest expense |
3,630 | 3,275 | 2,757 | 17,288 | 7,199 | 15,336 | 11,765 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
(12,312 | ) | (1,157 | ) | (1,065 | ) | (7,697 | ) | (4,028 | ) | (7,191 | ) | (4,391 | ) | ||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
(3,844 | ) | (584 | ) | (626 | ) | (3,901 | ) | (2,506 | ) | (1,856 | ) | (1,875 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization of intangibles |
(340 | ) | (105 | ) | (113 | ) | (440 | ) | (431 | ) | (685 | ) | (816 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Other interest expense |
(56 | ) | (56 | ) | (83 | ) | (287 | ) | (295 | ) | (369 | ) | (489 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Other income |
22 | 1 | 14 | 52 | 61 | 70 | 67 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments |
15 | 23 | 29 | 73 | 35 | 113 | (94 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investment in affiliate |
| (448 | ) | (799 | ) | (1,284 | ) | (5,047 | ) | 8,663 | (405 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Other Expenses, net |
(16,515 | ) | (2,326 | ) | (2,643 | ) | (13,484 | ) | (12,211 | ) | (1,255 | ) | (8,003 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income before income tax |
(12,885 | ) | $ | 949 | $ | 114 | $ | 3,804 | $ | (5,012 | ) | $ | 14,081 | $ | 3,762 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Income tax benefit |
251 | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Net (Loss) Income |
(12,634 | ) | $ | 949 | $ | 114 | $ | 3,804 | $ | (5,012 | ) | $ | 14,081 | $ | 3,762 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest holders |
(2,175 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to controlling shareholders |
$ | (10,459 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data (at Period End) : |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financing receivables (1) |
$ | 347,871 | $ | 195,582 | $ | 143,776 | $ | 159,210 | $ | 159,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investments (1) |
91,964 | | 506 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
31,846 | 20,948 | 1,633 | 5,784 | 10,272 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
571,432 | 232,463 | 174,594 | 192,226 | 188,037 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonrecourse debt |
259,924 | 200,283 | 148,177 | 163,889 | 163,766 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit facility |
77,114 | 4,599 | 6,895 | 4,336 | 5,524 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
420,808 | 213,301 | 158,309 | 169,797 | 173,166 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total equity |
150,624 | 19,162 | 16,285 | 22,429 | 14,871 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and equity |
571,432 | 232,463 | 174,594 | 192,226 | 188,037 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Per Share Data : |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted earnings per share |
$ | (0.68 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding basic and diluted |
15,716,250 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financing receivables (1) |
$ | 347,871 | $ | 195,582 | $ | 143,776 | $ | 159,210 | $ | 159,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investments (1) |
91,964 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Plus Assets held in securitization trust |
1,617,992 | 1,412,693 | 1,394,750 | 1,422,919 | 1,290,243 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Managed Assets |
$ | 2,057,827 | $ | 1,608,275 | $ | 1,538,526 | $ | 1,582,129 | $ | 1,449,243 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Income from financing receivables and investments |
$ | 17,365 | $ | 11,848 | $ | 11,739 | $ | 10,904 | $ | 11,435 | ||||||||||||||||||
Income from assets held in securitization trust |
86,256 | 84,582 | 82,176 | 72,126 | 60,534 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Investment Income from Managed Assets |
$ | 103,621 | $ | 96,430 | $ | 93,915 | $ | 83,030 | $ | 71,969 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Credit losses as a percentage of assets under management |
0.5 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % |
(1) | Excludes financing receivable held-for-sale of $24.8 million and investments available-for-sale of $3.2 million, which were purchased in December 2013 and sold in the three month period ended March 31, 2014, and excludes short term government securities held by the Predecessor prior to 2011. |
Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and accompanying notes included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this annual report on Form 10-K.
Our Business
We provide debt and equity financing for sustainable infrastructure projects that increase energy efficiency, provide cleaner energy sources, positively impact the environment or make more efficient use of natural resources. We began our business more than 30 years ago, and since 2000, using our direct origination platform, have provided or arranged over $4.5 billion of financing in more than 475 sustainable infrastructure transactions. Over this period, we have become the leading provider of financing for energy efficiency projects for the U.S. federal government, the largest property owner and energy user in the United States. From our IPO in April 2013 to December 31, 2013, we have completed approximately $632 million of sustainable infrastructure transactions.
We provide and arrange debt and equity financing primarily for three types of projects, which we refer to together as sustainable infrastructure projects:
| Energy Efficiency Projects: projects, typically undertaken by ESCOs, which reduce a buildings or facilitys energy usage or cost through the design and installation of improvements to various building components, including HVAC systems, lighting, energy controls, roofs, windows and/or building shells; |
| Clean Energy Projects : projects that deploy cleaner energy sources, such as solar, wind, geothermal and biomass as well as natural gas; and |
| Other Sustainable Infrastructure Projects : projects, such as water or communications infrastructure, that reduce energy consumption, positively impact the environment or make more efficient use of natural resources. |
We are highly selective in the projects we target. Our goal is to select projects that generate recurring and predictable cash flows or cost savings that will be more than adequate to repay the debt financing we provide or will deliver attractive returns on our equity investments. Our projects are typically characterized by revenues from contractually committed obligations of government entities or private high credit quality obligors and are often supported by additional forms of credit enhancement, including security interests and supplier guaranties. Our projects also generally employ proven technologies which minimize performance uncertainty, enabling us to more accurately predict project revenue and profitability over the term of the financing or investment. As of December 31, 2013, approximately 96% of the transactions held on our balance sheet are considered investment grade.
On April 23, 2013, we completed our IPO in which we sold 13,333,333 shares of common stock at $12.50 per share. The common stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol HASI. The net proceeds from our IPO were approximately $160.0 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and IPO and formation transaction costs of approximately $4.9 million, which amount includes net proceeds of approximately $9.5 million received by us upon the exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase an additional 818,356 shares of common stock on May 23, 2013.
Our strategy in undertaking our IPO was to expand our proven ability to serve the rapidly growing sustainable infrastructure market by increasing our capital resources, enhancing our financial structuring flexibility, expanding the types of projects and end-customers we pursue, and selectively retaining a larger portion of the economics in the financings we originate. Prior to our IPO, we had traditionally financed our business by accessing the securitization market, primarily utilizing our relationships with institutional investors such as insurance companies and commercial banks. By utilizing the net proceeds from our IPO and our anticipated continued access to the public markets, our strategy is to hold a significantly larger portion of the loans or other assets we originate on our balance sheet, using our own capital in conjunction with both securitizations and other borrowings.
We expect to see, in comparison to historical periods, a much larger portion of our total revenue derived from net investment revenue and other recurring and predictable revenue sources. While we expect our investment interest expense to increase, we also expect that our net investment revenue, which represents the margin, or the difference between income from investment interest income and investment interest expense, will increase due to a higher average margin on a per asset basis as well as growth in the overall amount of our investments. We expect our average margin will increase as a result of increased use of equity in place of debt as well as lower anticipated interest rates on our borrowings.
In our securitization transactions, including Hannie Mae, we transfer the loans or other assets we originate to securitization trusts or other bankruptcy remote special purpose funding vehicles. Large institutional investors, primarily insurance companies and commercial banks, historically provided the financing needed for a project by purchasing the notes issued by the trust or vehicle. The securitization market for the assets we finance has remained active throughout the financial crisis due to investor demand for high credit quality, long-term investments. We typically arranged such securitizations of loans or other assets prior to originating the transaction and thus have avoided exposure to credit spread and interest rate risks that are normally associated with traditional capital markets conduit transactions. Additionally, we have typically avoided funding risks for these loans or other assets given that our securitization partners contractually agree to fund such assets before the origination transaction is completed.
In most cases, the transfer of loans or other assets to non-consolidated securitization trusts qualify as sales for accounting purposes. In these transactions, we receive economics in the form of gain on sale income that is reflected in our statement of operations as gain on securitization of receivables. We also typically manage and service these assets in exchange for fees and other payments, which we record as fee income on our statement of operations. We may periodically provide other services, including arranging financings that are held on the balance sheet of other investors and advising various companies with respect to structuring investments.
From April 23, 2013, the date of our IPO, through December 31, 2013, we completed approximately $632 million of transactions, of which $299 million are held on our balance sheet, $286 million were securitized, $19 million represented the repayment of existing notes and $28 million were held for sale. Approximately 62% of these transactions financed energy efficiency projects, approximately 32% financed clean energy projects, while the remaining 6% financed other sustainable infrastructure projects. The transactions that are held on our balance sheet have an average transaction size of approximately $19 million, a weighted average remaining life as of December 31, 2013 of approximately 11 years and are typically secured by the installed improvements that are the subject of the financing.
As of December 31, 2013, our on-balance sheet portfolio, from which we earn investment income, was approximately $468 million. Approximately 94% of our on-balance sheet portfolio consisted of fixed rate loans, direct financing leases or debt securities with the remaining 6% consisting of floating rate debt. Approximately 55% of our on-balance sheet portfolio consisted of U.S. federal government obligations, 16% of obligations of state or local government or other institutions such as hospitals and universities and 29% were commercial obligations. In total, as of December 31, 2013, we managed approximately $2.1 billion of assets, which consisted of our on-balance sheet portfolio plus approximately $1.6 billion of assets held in non-consolidated securitization trusts. We refer to this $2.1 billion of assets collectively as our managed assets.
We have a large and active pipeline of potential new financing opportunities that are in various stages of our investment process. We refer to projects as being part of our pipeline if we have determined that the projects fit within our investment strategy and exhibit the appropriate risk/reward characteristics through an initial credit analysis, including a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the investments, as well as research on the market and sponsor. Our pipeline consists of projects for which we will either be the lead financier or projects in which we will participate that are originated by other institutional investors or intermediaries. As of December 31, 2013 our pipeline consisted of more than $2.0 billion in new financing opportunities. There can, however, be no assurance that any or all of the transactions in our pipeline will be completed.
Factors Impacting our Operating Results
We expect that our results of operations will be affected by a number of factors and will primarily depend on the size of our portfolio, including the portion of our portfolio which we hold on our balance sheet, the income we receive from securitizations, syndications and other services, our portfolios credit risk profile, changes in market interest rates, commodity prices, U.S. federal, state and/or municipal governmental policies, general market conditions in local, regional and national economies and our ability to qualify as a REIT and maintain our exception from registration as an investment company under the 1940 Act.
Portfolio Size
The size of our portfolio, including the portion of our portfolio that we hold on our balance sheet, will be a key revenue driver. Generally, as the size of our portfolio on our balance sheet grows, the amount of our net investment revenue will increase. Our portfolio may grow at an uneven pace as opportunities to provide financing to support sustainable infrastructure projects may be irregularly timed, and the timing and extent of our success in such projects cannot be predicted. The level of new portfolio activity will fluctuate from period to period based upon the market demand for the financings we provide, our view of economic fundamentals, our ability to identify new opportunities that meet our investment criteria, the volume of projects that have advanced to stages where we believe financing is appropriate, seasonality in our financing activities and our ability to consummate the identified opportunities, including as a result of our available capital. In addition, we may decide for any particular project that we should securitize or syndicate a portion, or all, of the project which would result in other investment income as described below. The level of our new origination activity, the percentage of the originations that we choose to hold on our balance sheet and the related income, will directly impact our investment revenue.
Income from Securitization, Syndication and Other Services
We will also earn other investment income by securitizing or syndicating a portion of the sustainable infrastructure projects we finance and by servicing the securitization financings we arrange. For transactions that we securitize to a non-consolidated trust, we recognize a gain on securitization of the receivables. We receive a majority of the gain in cash and record the present value of the remaining portion as a retained interest in our securitization assets. We may also recognize additional income such as servicing fees from these securitization assets over the life of the project.
Historically, we have arranged the securitization of the loan or other asset prior to originating the transaction and thus have avoided exposure to credit spread and interest rate risks that are typically associated with traditional capital markets conduit transactions. Additionally, we have typically avoided funding risks for these loans or other assets given that our securitization partners contractually agree to fund such assets before the origination transaction is completed.
We also generate fee income for syndications where we arrange financings that are held directly on the balance sheet of other investors. In these transactions, unless we decide to hold a portion of the economic interest of the transaction on our balance sheet, we have no exposure to risks related to ownership of those financings. We may charge advisory, retainer or other fees, including through our broker dealer subsidiary. A large portion of these fees are earned upon the closing of a financing transaction, the timing of which will vary from quarter to quarter.
The gain on sale income and our other sources of fee income will also vary depending on the level of our new origination activity and the portion of our newly originated assets we decide to finance through securitizations or syndications. We view this other investment revenue from such activities as a valuable component of our earnings and an important source of franchise value. The total amount of fee income will vary on a quarter to quarter basis depending on various factors, including the level of our originations, the duration, credit quality and types of assets we originate, current and anticipated future interest rates, the mix of our assets that we hold on our balance sheet compared to those that we syndicate or securitize and our need to tailor our mix of assets in order to allow us to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes and maintain our exception from registration under the 1940 Act.
Credit Risks
We source and identify high quality financing opportunities within our broad areas of expertise and apply our rigorous underwriting processes to our transactions, which, we believe, will generally enable us to keep our credit losses and financing costs low. While we do not anticipate facing significant credit risk in our financings related to U.S. federal government energy efficiency projects, we are subject to varying degrees of credit risk in these projects in relation to guarantees provided by ESCOs where payments under energy savings performance contracts are contingent upon achieving pre-determined levels of energy savings. We are also exposed to credit risk
in projects we finance that do not depend on funding from the U.S. federal government. We increasingly target such projects as part of our strategy. In the case of various other clean energy and sustainable infrastructure projects, we will also be exposed to the credit risk of the obligor of the projects power purchase agreement or other long-term contractual revenue commitments. We may encounter enhanced credit risk as we expect that over time our strategy will increasingly include mezzanine debt or equity investments. We seek to manage credit risk using thorough due diligence and underwriting processes, strong structural protections in our loan agreements with customers and continual, active asset management and portfolio monitoring. Nevertheless, unanticipated credit losses could occur and during periods of economic downturn in the global economy, our exposure to credit risks from obligors increases, and our efforts to monitor and mitigate the associated risks may not be effective in reducing our credit risks.
Prior to our IPO, our origination activities consisted primarily of projects for which the U.S. federal government was the primary credit obligor, which did not, in our view, require a risk rating system that used specific metrics, such as watch lists, credit ratings or loan-to-value. However, as part of our expansion strategy, which includes on balance sheet financing of projects undertaken by state and local governments, universities, schools and hospitals, as well as privately owned commercial projects we evaluate those projects using a risk rating system. We first evaluate the credit rating of the obligors involved in the project using an average of the external credit ratings for an obligor, if available, or an estimated internal rating based on a third party credit scoring system. We then evaluate the probability of default and estimated recovery rate based on the obligors credit ratings and the terms of the contract. We also review the performance of each investment, including through, as appropriate, a review of project performance, monthly payment activity and active compliance monitoring, regular communications with project management and, as applicable, its obligors and sponsors, monitoring the financial performance of the collateral, periodic property visits, monitoring cash management and reserve accounts and meetings with the owner. The results of our reviews are used to update the projects risk rating as necessary.
Changes in Market Interest Rates
Interest rates and prepayment speeds vary according to the type of investment, conditions in the financial markets, competition and other factors, none of which can be predicted with any certainty. With respect to our business operations, increases in interest rates, in general, may over time cause: (1) project owners to be less interested in borrowing or raising equity and thus reduce the demand for our investments and services; (2) the interest expense associated with our borrowings to increase; (3) the market value of our fixed rate or fixed return investments to decline; and (4) the market value of interest rate swap agreements to increase, to the extent we enter into such agreements as part of our hedging strategy. Conversely, decreases in interest rates, in general, may over time cause: (1) project owners to be more interested in borrowing or raising equity and thus increase the demand for our investments; (2) prepayments on our investments, to the extent allowed, to increase; (3) the interest expense associated with our borrowings to decrease; (4) the market value of our fixed rate or fixed return investments to increase; and (5) the market value of interest rate swap agreements to decrease, to the extent we enter into such agreements as part of our hedging strategy. We are, and will, in the future, be subject to changes in market interest rate for any new floating or inverse floating rate assets and credit facilities including our existing credit facility and the refinancing of our fixed rated debt. Because short-term borrowings are generally short-term commitments of capital, lenders may respond to market conditions, making it more difficult for us to secure continued financing. If we are not able to renew our then existing facilities or arrange for new financing on terms acceptable to us, or if we default on our covenants or are otherwise unable to access funds under any of these facilities, we may have to curtail our financing of sustainable infrastructure projects and/or dispose of assets. We face particular risk in this regard given that we expect many of our borrowings will have a shorter duration than the assets they finance. In addition, our ability to receive protection against prepayments which occur in a declining interest rate environment, including through the use of make-whole payments, will vary according to type of investment and obligor. Subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes and our exception from registration under the 1940 Act, we may, from time to time, utilize derivative financial instruments to hedge interest rate risk. In addition to the use of traditional derivative instruments, we also seek to mitigate interest rate risk by using securitizations such as the asset backed securitization we entered into in December 2013, syndications and other techniques to construct a portfolio with a staggered maturity profile, which allows us to maintain a minimum threshold of recurring principal repayments and capital to redeploy into changing rate environments.
Commodity Prices
When we provide financing for sustainable infrastructure projects that act as a substitute for an underlying commodity we are exposed to volatility in prices for that commodity. For example, the performance of clean energy projects that produce electricity is impacted by volatility in the market prices of various forms of energy, including electricity, coal and natural gas. Although we generally expect that the clean energy projects we finance will have their operating cash flow supported by long-term power purchase agreements, ranging from 10 to 30 years, to the extent that our projects have shorter term contracts (which may have the potential of producing higher current returns), such shorter term contracts may subject us to risk if energy prices change. We believe the current low prices in natural gas will increase demand for some types of our projects, such as combined heat and power, but may reduce the demand for other projects such as clean energy that may be a substitute for natural gas. We seek to structure our energy efficiency financings so that we typically avoid exposure to commodity price risk. However, volatility in energy prices may cause building owners and other parties to be reluctant to commit to projects for which repayment is based upon a fixed monetary value for energy savings that would not decline if the price of energy declines.
Government Policies
The projects we finance typically depend in part on various U.S. federal, state or local governmental policies that support or enhance project economic feasibility. Such policies may include governmental initiatives, laws and regulations designed to reduce energy usage, encourage the use of clean energy or encourage the investment in and the use of sustainable infrastructure. Incentives provided by the U.S. federal government may include tax credits (some of which that are related to clean energy have recently expired), tax deductions, bonus depreciation and federal grants and loan guarantees. Incentives provided by state governments may include renewable portfolio standards, which specify the portion of the power utilized by local utilities that must be derived from clean energy sources such as renewable energy. Additionally, certain states have implemented feed-in tariffs, pursuant to which electricity generated from clean energy sources is purchased at a higher rate than prevailing wholesale rates. Other incentives include tariffs, tax incentives and other cash and non-cash payments. In addition, U.S. federal, state and local governments may provide regulatory, tax and other incentives to encourage the development and growth of sustainable infrastructure. Governmental agencies and other owners of real estate frequently depend on these policies to help defray the costs associated with, and to finance, various projects. Government regulations also impact the terms of third party financing provided to support these projects. A number of U.S. federal government incentives focused on reducing the cost of such projects, have recently expired or are scheduled to expire in the near term. Further changes in government policies, including retroactive changes, could negatively impact our operating results.
Market Conditions
We believe the market for the financings we provide is in the midst of a prolonged expansion, driven by several macro-economic and geopolitical trends, including:
| global population growth and concerns about its impact on natural resources; |
| higher commodity prices arising from increasing global per capita consumption and the ongoing depletion of conventional natural resources; |
| national security risks associated with energy procurement that threaten energy supply and increase the potential for price volatility; |
| governmental policies that seek to protect the environment and support job creation; |
| fiscal challenges and budgetary constraints facing U.S. federal, state and local governments; and |
| changes in global banking regulations which increase banks capital requirements for financing long-lived projects thus reducing the amount of available bank financing for such projects. |
Notwithstanding this growing demand, we believe that a significant shortage of capital currently exists in the market to satisfy the demands of the sustainable infrastructure sector in the United States and around the world. Over the last several years, certain of the funding sources that have traditionally financed this market have exited the market as many European banks that were active in sustainable infrastructure and especially clean energy finance have reduced their level of activity in the aftermath of the global financial crisis and due, in part, to new capital requirements for banks that hold long term projects on their balance sheet. In addition, direct government funding subsidies have declined or expired as have sources of capital historically dedicated to tax equity investments. In addition, much of the capital that is available to the sector comes with conditions attached, including substantial minimum project size requirements, requirements that all project cash flows be fully contracted prior to any provision of financing, and the inability of lenders to take any merchant or investment risk with respect to various government incentives. We believe these conditions make it difficult for many project developers to access capital. In addition, for those developers who can gain access to capital, these conditions may lead to increased cost or delays in the commencement of project construction and operation. As a result, we believe a significant opportunity exists for us to assemble new forms of capital to meet these growing demands.
Our Qualification as a REIT
We intend to elect to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2013. If we qualify as a REIT, we generally will not be required to pay U.S. federal income taxes on our taxable income to the extent we distribute to our stockholders annually all of our REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains. In order to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we also need to comply with certain income, asset and organizational requirements which limit the types of assets we can own and the sources of income we can receive.
Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates
Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires the use of estimates and assumptions that involve the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions as to future uncertainties. The following discussion addresses the accounting policies that we use. Our most critical accounting policies involve decisions and assessments that could affect our reported assets and liabilities, as well as our reported revenues and expenses. We believe that all of the decisions and assessments upon which our financial statements are based are reasonable at the time made and based upon information available to us at that time. Our critical accounting policies and accounting estimates may be expanded over time as we fully implement our strategy. Those material accounting policies and estimates that we expect to be most critical to an investors understanding of our financial results and condition and require complex management judgment are discussed below.
Financing Receivables
Financing receivables include financing sustainable infrastructure project loans, receivables and direct financing leases. We account for leases as direct financing leases in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 840, Leases.
Unless otherwise noted, we generally have the ability and intention to hold our financing receivables for the foreseeable future and thus they are classified as held for investment. Our intent and ability to hold certain loans may change from time to time depending on a number of factors, including economic, liquidity and capital conditions. A financing receivable held for investment represents the present value of the minimum note or lease payments, net of any unearned fee income, which is recognized as income over the term of the note or lease using the effective interest method. Financing receivables that are held for investment are carried at cost, net of unamortized acquisition premiums or discounts, loan fees, and origination and acquisition costs as applicable, unless the loans are deemed impaired. Financing receivables that we intend to sell in the short-term are classified as held-for-sale and are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value on our balance sheet. We may secure nonrecourse debt with the proceeds from our financing receivables.
We evaluate our financing receivables for potential delinquency, non-accrual or impairment on at least a quarterly basis and more frequently when economic or other conditions warrant such an evaluation. When a financing receivable becomes 90 days or more past due, and if we otherwise do not expect the debtor to be able to service all of its debt or other obligations, we will generally place the financing receivable on non-accrual status and
cease recognizing income from that financing receivable until the borrower has demonstrated the ability and intent to pay contractual amounts due. If a financing receivables status significantly improves regarding the debtors ability to service the debt or other obligations, or if a financing receivable is fully impaired, sold or written off, we will remove it from non-accrual status.
A financing receivable is considered impaired as of the date when, based on current information and events, it is determined that it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due from the borrower in accordance with the original contracted terms. Many of our financing receivables are secured by sustainable infrastructure projects. Accordingly, we regularly evaluate the extent and impact of any credit deterioration associated with the performance and/or value of the underlying project, as well as the financial and operating capability of the borrower, its sponsors or the obligor as well as any guarantors. We consider a number of qualitative and quantitative factors in our assessment, including, as appropriate, a projects operating results, loan-to-value ratios and any cash reserves, the ability of expected cash from operations to cover the debt service requirements currently and into the future, key terms of the transaction, the ability of the borrower to refinance the loan, other credit support from the sponsor or guarantor and the projects collateral value. In addition, we consider the overall economic environment, the sustainable infrastructure sector, the effect of local, industry and broader economic factors and the historical and anticipated trends in interest rates, defaults and loss severities for similar transactions.
If a loan is considered to be impaired, we record an allowance to reduce the carrying value of the loan to the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loans contractual effective rate or the amount realizable from other contractual terms such as the currently estimated fair market value of the collateral less estimated selling costs, if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. We charge off the net carrying value of loans against the allowance when we determine the unpaid principal balance is uncollectible, net of recovered amounts.
Investments
Investments include debt or equity securities that meet the criteria of ASC 320, InvestmentsDebt and Equity Securities . Unless otherwise noted, we intend to hold debt securities to maturity and thus carry these securities on the balance sheet at amortized cost basis, which is initially at cost plus any premiums or discounts that are amortized or accreted into investment interest income using the effective interest method. Debt securities that we do not intend to hold to maturity are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value on our balance sheet. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale debt securities are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders equity.
We evaluate our investments for other than temporary impairment (OTTI) on at least a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. Our OTTI assessment is a subjective process requiring the use of judgments and assumptions. Accordingly, we regularly evaluate the extent and impact of any credit deterioration associated with the financial and operating performance and/or value of the underlying project. We consider a number of qualitative and quantitative factors in our assessment. We first consider the current fair value of the security and the duration of any unrealized loss. Other factors considered include changes in the credit rating, performance of the underlying project, key terms of the transaction and support provided by the sponsor or guarantor.
To the extent that we have identified an OTTI for a security and intend to hold the investment to maturity and we do not expect that we will be required to sell the security prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis, we recognize only the credit component of OTTI in earnings. We determine the credit component using the difference between the securities amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash flows, discounted using the effective yield or its estimated collateral value. Any remaining unrealized loss due to factors other than credit, or the non-credit component, is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income.
To the extent we hold investments with an OTTI and if we have made the decision to sell the security or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis, we recognize the entire portion of the impairment in earnings.
Securitization of Receivables
We have established various special purpose entities or securitization trusts for the purpose of securitizing certain financing receivables or other debt investments. We determined that the trusts used in securitizations are variable interest entities, as defined in ASC 810, Consolidation . We typically serve as primary or master servicer of these trusts; however, as the servicer, we do not have the power to make significant decisions impacting the performance of the trusts. Based on an analysis of the structure of the trusts, under U.S. GAAP, we have concluded that we are not the primary beneficiary of the trusts as we do not have power over the trusts significant activities. Therefore, we do not consolidate these trusts in our consolidated financial statements.
We account for transfers of financing receivables to these securitization trusts as sales pursuant to ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing , as the transferred receivables have been isolated from the transferor (i.e., put presumptively beyond the reach of the transferor and its creditors, even in bankruptcy or other receivership) and we have surrendered control over the transferred receivables. When we sell receivables in securitizations, we generally retain interests in the form of servicing rights and residual assets, which are carried on the consolidated balance sheets as securitization assets.
Gain or loss on sale of receivables is calculated based on the excess of the proceeds received from the securitization (less any transaction costs) plus any retained interests obtained over the cost basis of the receivables sold. We generally transfer the receivables to securitization trusts immediately upon the initial funding from the third party purchasing a beneficial interest in the trust. For retained interests, we generally estimate fair value based on the present value of future expected cash flows using our best estimates of the key assumptions of anticipated losses, prepayment rates, and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved.
As described above, we initially account for all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities at fair value as required under ASC 860. Under ASC 860-50, Transfers and ServicingServicing Assets and Liabilities , entities may either subsequently measure servicing assets and liabilities using the amortization method or the fair value measurement method and we have selected the amortization method to subsequently measure our servicing assets. We assess servicing assets for impairment at each reporting date. If the amortized cost of servicing assets is greater than the estimated fair value, we will recognize an impairment in net income.
Our other retained interest in securitized assets, the residual assets, are classified as available-for-sale securities and carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. We generally do not sell our residual assets. If we make an assessment that (i) we do not intend to sell the security or (ii) it is not likely we will be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery, changes in fair value, such as those resulting from changes in market interest yield requirements, are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. However, in the case where we do intend to sell our residual assets or if the fair value of our residual assets is below the current carrying amount and we determine that the decline is OTTI, any impairment charge would be recorded through the statement of operations. An OTTI is considered to have occurred when, based on current information and events, there has been an adverse change in the timing or amount of cash flows expected to be collected. The impairment is equal to the difference between the residual assets amortized cost basis and its fair value at the balance sheet date. In the case where there is any expected decline in the forecasted cash flows, such decline would be unlikely to reverse during the holding period of the retained assets and thus would be considered OTTI.
Servicing income is recognized as earned. Servicing assets are amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing income, and are periodically (including as of December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012) assessed for impairment.
Interest income related to the residual assets is recognized using the effective interest rate method. If there is a change in expected cash flows related to the residual assets, we calculate a new yield based on the current amortized cost of the residual assets and the revised expected cash flows. This yield is used prospectively to recognize interest income.
Valuation of Financial Instruments
ASC 820 establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with U.S. GAAP and expands financial statement disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. ASC 820 further specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques, which is based on whether the inputs into the valuation technique are observable or unobservable. Where inputs for a financial asset or liability fall in more than one level in the fair value hierarchy, the financial asset or liability is classified in its entirety based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of that financial asset or liability. As of December 31, 2013, and September 30, 2012, we carried only our residual assets, investments held-for-sale and derivatives, if any, at fair value on our balance sheets. We use our judgment and consider factors specific to the financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value in determining the significance of an input to the fair value measurements. The hierarchy is as follows:
| Level 1Valuation techniques in which all significant inputs are quoted prices from active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities that are identical to the assets or liabilities being measured. |
| Level 2Valuation techniques in which significant inputs include quoted prices from active markets for assets or liabilities that are similar to the assets or liabilities being measured and/or quoted prices from markets that are not active for assets or liabilities that are identical or similar to the assets or liabilities being measured. Also, model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets are Level 2 valuation techniques. |
| Level 3Valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable. Unobservable inputs are valuation technique inputs that reflect our assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. |
For financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value, we use quoted market prices, when available, to determine the fair value of an asset or liability. If quoted market prices are not available, we consult independent pricing services or third party broker quotes, provided that there is no ongoing material event that affects the issuer of the securities being valued or the market thereof. If there is such an ongoing event, or if quoted market prices are not available, we will determine the fair value of the securities using valuation techniques that use, when possible, current market-based or independently-sourced market parameters, such as interest rates.
Fair value under U.S. GAAP represents an exit price in the normal course of business, not a forced liquidation price. If we were forced to sell assets in a short period to meet liquidity needs, the prices we receive could be substantially less than their recorded fair values. Furthermore, the analysis of whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell securities in an unrealized loss position prior to an expected recovery in value (if any), the amount of such expected required sales, and the projected identification of which securities would be sold is also subject to significant judgment, particularly in times of market illiquidity.
Any changes to the valuation methodology will be reviewed by our investment committee to ensure the changes are appropriate. As markets and products develop and the pricing for certain products becomes more transparent, we will continue to refine our valuation methodologies. The methods used by us may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while we anticipate that our valuation methods will be appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies, or assumptions, to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. We will use inputs that are current as of the measurement date, which may include periods of market dislocation, during which price transparency may be reduced.
Revenue Recognition
In accordance with our valuation policy, we evaluate accrued income from financing receivables periodically for collectability. When a financing receivable becomes 90 days or more past due, and if we otherwise do not expect the debtor to be able to service all of its debt or other obligations, we will generally place the financing receivable on non-accrual status and cease recognizing income from that financing receivable until the borrower has demonstrated the ability and intent to pay contractual amounts due. If a financing receivables status significantly improves regarding the debtors ability to service the debt or other obligations, or if a financing receivable is fully impaired, sold or written off, we will remove it from non-accrual status. The revenue recognition for the major components of revenue is accounted for as described below (see Critical Accounting Policies and Use of EstimatesSecuritization of Receivables for discussion of gains and losses recognized from the securitization of receivables):
| Income from Financing Receivables and Investments . We record income from financing receivables and investments held on our balance sheet on an accrual basis to the extent amounts are expected to be collected. We expect that income on our financing receivables and investments that are debt securities will be accrued based on the actual coupon rate and the outstanding principal balance of such securities, or if no actual coupon rate exists, using the effective yield method. Premiums and discounts will be amortized or accreted into income over the lives of the financing receivables using the effective yield method, as adjusted for actual prepayments in accordance with ASC 310-40, ReceivablesNonrefundable Fees and Other Costs. For financing receivables that are direct financing leases under ASC 840, Leases, we amortize the unearned income to income over the lease term to produce a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment in the lease. Investments consist of debt securities that meet the criteria of ASC 320, InvestmentsDebt and Equity Securities. We evaluate the appropriate classification of debt securities at the time of purchase and reevaluate such designation as of each statement of financial position date. Unless otherwise identified, we have classified all of our financing receivables and investments as held-to-maturity as we have the positive intent and ability to hold the financing receivables and investments to maturity. Held-to-maturity securities are stated at amortized cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity computed under the effective interest method. Such amortization is included in investment interest income. Interest on securities classified as held-to-maturity is included in investment interest income. |
| Servicing and other residual assets from securitizations . Servicing income is recognized as earned in fee income. Servicing assets are amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing income, and are periodically assessed for impairment. Interest income related to the residual assets is recognized using the effective interest rate method. If there is a change in expected cash flows related to the residual assets, we calculate a new yield based on the current amortized cost of the residual assets and the revised expected cash flows. This yield is used prospectively to recognize interest income. Actual economic conditions may produce cash flows that could differ significantly from projected cash flows, and differences could result in an increase or decrease in the yield used to record interest income or could result in impairment losses. |
| Other Fee Income . We may periodically provide services, including arranging financing that is held on the balance sheet of other investors and advising various companies with respect to structuring investments. For services that are separately identifiable and where evidence exists to substantiate fair value, income is recognized as earned, which is generally when the investment or other applicable transaction closes. Retainer fees are amortized over the performance period. |
Income Taxes
We intend to elect and qualify to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code, commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2013. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that we distribute at least 90% of our net taxable income, excluding net capital gains, to our shareholders. We intend to meet the requirements for qualification as a REIT and to maintain such qualification. As a REIT, we are not subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on that portion of net income that is currently distributed to our stockholders. We intend to distribute 100% of our taxable REIT income to our stockholders. Many of the REIT requirements, however, are highly technical and complex. If we were to fail to meet the REIT requirements, we would be subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes. Our taxable REIT subsidiaries (TRS) will generally be subject to federal, state, and local income taxes as well as taxes of foreign jurisdictions, if any.
We account for our TRSs income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to the differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities from a change in tax rates is recognized in earnings in the period when the new rate is enacted.
Prior to the completion of our IPO, the Predecessor was taxed as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. No provision for federal or state income taxes has been made in the Predecessors accompanying consolidated financial statements, since the Predecessors profits and losses are reported on the Predecessors members tax returns.
Equity-Based Compensation
We recorded compensation expense for stock awards in accordance with ASC 718, CompensationStock Compensation, which requires that all share-based payments to employees be recognized in the consolidated statements of operations based on their grant date fair values with the expense being recognized over the requisite service period.
Upon the completion of our IPO, we adopted the 2013 Plan, which provides for grants of stock options, shares of restricted common stock, phantom shares, dividend equivalent rights, and long term incentive plan units (LTIP units) and other restricted limited partnership units issued by our Operating Partnership and other equity-based awards. From time to time, we may award non-vested restricted shares as compensation to members of our senior management team, our independent directors, advisors, consultants and other personnel under our 2013 Plan. The shares issued under this plan vest over a period of time as determined by the board of directors at the date of grant. We recognize compensation expense for non-vested shares that vest solely based on service conditions on a straight-line basis over the vesting period based upon the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant, adjusted for forfeitures.
Earnings Per Share
We compute earnings per share of common stock in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings Per Share . Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income attributable to controlling stockholders (after consideration of the earnings allocated to unvested shares of restricted common stock or restricted stock units) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period excluding the weighted average number of unvested shares of restricted common stock or restricted stock units which are considered participating securities. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income attributable to controlling stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period plus other potentially dilutive securities. No adjustment is made for shares that are anti-dilutive during a period.
Due to the capital structure of the Predecessor, earnings per share of common stock information have not been presented for historical periods prior to the IPO.
Results of Operations
Our strategy in undertaking our IPO was to expand our proven ability to serve the rapidly growing sustainable infrastructure market by increasing our capital resources, enhancing our financial and structuring flexibility, expanding the types of projects and end-customers we pursue, and selectively retaining a larger portion on balance sheet of the economics in the financings we originate. Thus, we expect over time to see significant increases in both investment interest income and investment interest expense. We also expect that our net investment revenue, which represents the margin, or the difference between investment interest income and investment interest expense, will increase due to a higher average margin on a per asset basis as well as growth in the overall amount of our investments. We expect our average margin will increase as a result of increased use of equity in place of debt as well as lower anticipated interest rates on our borrowings. We also expect to continue our practice of securitizing certain transactions, in which we transfer the loans or other assets we originate to securitization trusts or other bankruptcy remote special purpose funding vehicles.
As of December 31, 2013, our on-balance sheet portfolio, from which we earn investment income, was approximately $468 million. Approximately 94% of our portfolio consisted of fixed rate loans, direct financing leases or debt securities with the remaining 6% of our portfolio consisting of floating rate debt. Approximately 55% of our on-balance sheet portfolio consisted of U.S. federal government obligations, 16% consisted of obligations of state or local government or other institutions such as hospitals and universities and 29% were commercial obligations. In total, as of December 31, 2013, we managed approximately $2.1 billion of assets, which consisted of our on-balance sheet portfolio plus approximately $1.6 billion of assets held in non-consolidated securitization trusts. We refer to this $2.1 billion of assets collectively as our managed assets.
To the extent any of the financial data presented below is as of a date or from a period prior to April 23, 2013, such financial data is that of the Predecessor. The financial data for the Predecessor for such periods do not reflect the material changes to the business as a result of the capital raised in our IPO including the broadened types of projects historically undertaken, the enhanced financial structuring flexibility and the ability to retain a larger share of the economics from the origination activities. Thus the financial data for the Predecessor is not necessarily indicative of our results of operations, cash flows or financial position following the completion of our IPO transaction and in the future.
Our Portfolio
As of December 31, 2013, we held approximately $468 million of financing receivables and investments on our balance sheet, which we refer to as our portfolio. The financing receivables and investments are typically collateralized contractually committed debt obligations of government entities or private high credit quality obligors and are often supported by additional forms of credit enhancement, including security interests and supplier guaranties.
The following is an analysis of our portfolio by type of obligor and credit quality as of December 31, 2013.
Investment Grade | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Federal (1) |
State, Local,
Institutions (2) |
Commercial
Externally Rated (3) |
Commercial
Rated Internally (4) |
Commercial
Other (5) |
Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in millions, except for percentage) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financing receivables |
$ | 229.8 | $ | 73.3 | $ | | $ | 43.9 | $ | 0.8 | $ | 347.8 | ||||||||||||
Investments |
| | 76.9 | | 15.1 | 92.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Financing receivables and investments
|
24.8 | | | | 3.2 | 28.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 254.6 | $ | 73.3 | $ | 76.9 | $ | 43.9 | $ | 19.1 | $ | 467.8 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
% of Total Portfolio |
55 | % | 16 | % | 16 | % | 9 | % | 4 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||||
Average Remaining Balance (6) |
$ | 10.9 | $ | 24.4 | $ | 25.6 | $ | 21.9 | $ | 9.2 | $ | 14.0 |
(1) | Transactions where the ultimate obligor is the Federal Government. Transactions may have guaranties of energy savings from third party service providers, the majority of which are investment grade rated entities. Included in this category are transactions totaling $17.7 million where $1.3 million of payments has been delayed more than 90 days due to a change in a government payment processing system. The payments were made in the first quarter of 2014. The entire balance is considered collectable. |
(2) | Transactions where the ultimate obligors are state or local governments or institutions such as hospitals or universities where the obligors are rated investment grade (either by an independent rating agency or based upon our credit analysis). Transactions may have guaranties of energy savings from third party service providers, the majority of which are investment grade rated entities. |
(3) | Transactions where the projects or the ultimate obligors are commercial entities that have been rated investment grade by one or more independent rating agencies. This includes an investment grade rated debt security with a carrying value of $37.0 million that matures in 2035 whose obligor is an entity whose ultimate parent is Berkshire Hathaway Inc. and an investment grade rated debt security with a carrying value of $35.0 million that matures in 2033 whose obligor is an entity whose ultimate parent is Exelon Corporation. In each case, the carrying value approximates the estimated fair value. |
(4) | Transactions where the projects or the ultimate obligors are commercial entities that have been rated investment grade using our internal credit analysis. |
(5) | Transactions where the projects or the ultimate obligors are commercial entities that have ratings below investment grade either by an independent rating agency or using our internal credit analysis. Financing receivables are net of an allowance for credit losses of $11.0 million. Investments include a senior debt investment of $15.1 million on a wind project located in New Mexico. This project is part of a portfolio of projects that are being acquired by NRG Energy, Inc. as part of Edison Mission Energys plan of reorganization. |
(6) | Average Remaining Balance excludes 14 transactions each with outstanding balances that are less than $1.0 million and that in the aggregate total $5.5 million. |
The table below provides details on the interest rate and maturity of our portfolio:
Balance in
Millions |
Maturity | |||||
Fixed-rate financing receivables, interest rates from 2.42% to 5.00% per annum |
$ | 178.8 | 2014 to 2034 | |||
Fixed-rate financing receivables, interest rates from 5.01% to 6.50% per annum |
84.5 | 2014 to 2038 | ||||
Fixed-rate financing receivables, interest rates from 6.51% to 15.22% per annum |
95.5 | 2015 to 2031 | ||||
|
|
|||||
Financing receivables |
358.8 | |||||
Allowance for credit losses |
(11.0 | ) | ||||
|
|
|||||
Financing receivables, net of allowance |
347.8 | |||||
Fixed-rate investment in debt securities, interest rates of 5.35% to 6.0% per annum |
92.0 | 2017 to 2035 | ||||
Financing receivables and investments held-for-sale, interest rates of 4.52% to 7.63% per annum |
28.0 | 2018 to 2037 | ||||
|
|
|||||
Total Financing Receivables and Investments |
$ | 467.8 | ||||
|
|
The table below presents, for each major category of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, the average outstanding balances, interest income earned or interest expense incurred, and average yield or cost. Our net interest margin represents the difference between the yield on our interest-earning assets and the cost of our interest-bearing liabilities, including the impact of non-interest bearing funding, primarily equity.
Year Ended
December 31, |
Three Months ended December 31, | Years Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands except for interest rate data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Investment interest income from financing receivables |
$ | 15,468 | $ | 2,834 | $ | 3,350 | $ | 11,848 | $ | 11,739 | ||||||||||
Investment interest income from investments |
1,897 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total investments interest income |
17,365 | 2,834 | 3,350 | 11,848 | 11,739 | |||||||||||||||
Investment interest expense |
(9,815 | ) | (2,347 | ) | (2,821 | ) | (9,852 | ) | (9,442 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net investment margin |
$ | 7,550 | $ | 487 | $ | 529 | $ | 1,996 | $ | 2,297 | ||||||||||
Average monthly balance of financing receivables (1) |
$ | 271,638 | $ | 191,729 | $ | 145,027 | $ | 186,846 | $ | 151,819 |
Average interest rate from financing receivables |
5.70 | % | 5.91 | % | 9.24 | % | 6.34 | % | 7.73 | % | ||||||||||
Average monthly balance of investments (1) |
$ | 34,049 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||
Average interest rate from financing Receivables |
5.57 | % | | | | | ||||||||||||||
Average monthly balance of financing receivables and investments (1) |
$ | 305,687 | $ | 191,729 | $ | 145,027 | $ | 186,846 | $ | 151,819 | ||||||||||
Average interest rate from financing receivables and investments (1) |
5.68 | % | 5.91 | % | 9.24 | % | 6.34 | % | 7.73 | % | ||||||||||
Average monthly balance of debt |
$ | 229,137 | $ | 196,332 | $ | 149,448 | $ | 191,343 | $ | 156,317 | ||||||||||
Average interest rate from debt |
4.28 | % | 4.78 | % | 7.55 | % | 5.15 | % | 6.04 | % | ||||||||||
Average interest spread |
1.40 | % | 1.13 | % | 1.69 | % | 1.19 | % | 1.69 | % | ||||||||||
Net interest margin |
2.47 | % | 1.02 | % | 1.46 | % | 1.07 | % | 1.51 | % |
(1) | Excludes financing receivables held-for-sale of $24.8 million and investments held-for-sale of $3.2 million that were purchased in December 2013 and sold in the three month period ended March 31, 2014 and excludes the allowance for credit losses of $11.0 million, |
The following table provides a summary of our anticipated principal repayments to our financing receivables and investments as of December 31, 2013:
Payment due by Period ( in thousands ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
Less than
1 year |
1-5 years | 5-10 years |
More than
10 years |
||||||||||||||||
Financing Receivables (1) |
$ | 358,871 | $ | 37,389 | $ | 120,908 | $ | 64,872 | $ | 135,702 | ||||||||||
Investments (1) |
$ | 91,964 | $ | 1,840 | $ | 24,681 | $ | 17,965 | $ | 47,478 |
(1) | Excludes financing receivables held-for-sale of $24.8 million and investments held-for-sale of $3.2 million that were purchased in December 2013 and sold in the three month period ended March 31, 2014 and excludes the allowance for credit losses of $11.0 million. |
The following table provides a summary of our anticipated maturity dates of our financing receivables and investments and the weighted average yield for each range of maturities as of December 31, 2013:
Total |
Less than
1 year |
1-5 years | 5-10 years |
More than
10 years |
||||||||||||||||
Financing Receivables (1) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Payment due by period (in thousands) |
$ | 358,871 | $ | 924 | $ | 114,628 | $ | 7,470 | $ | 235,849 | ||||||||||
Weighted average yield by period |
5.60 | % | 4.94 | % | 7.23 | % | 6.00 | % | 4.80 | % | ||||||||||
Investments (1) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Payment due by period (in thousands) |
$ | 91,964 | $ | | $ | 15,101 | $ | | $ | 76,863 | ||||||||||
Weighted average yield by period |
5.64 | % | | % | 5.76 | % | | % | 5.62 | % |
(1) | Excludes financing receivables held-for-sale of $24.8 million and investments held-for-sale of $3.2 million that were purchased in December 2013 and sold in the three month period ended March 31, 2014. Financing receivables also exclude the allowance for credit losses of $11.0 million. |
We also have residual assets relating to our securitization trusts. The table below presents the carrying value and yields for those assets:
Carrying
Value |
Weighted
Average Yield |
|||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
December 31, 2013 |
$ | 4,863 | 8.72 | % | ||||
December 31, 2012 |
$ | 4,639 | 8.73 | % | ||||
September 30, 2012 |
$ | 4,597 | 8.73 | % | ||||
September 30, 2011 |
$ | 4,531 | 8.72 | % |
The residual assets do not have a contractual maturity date and the underlying securitized assets have contractual maturity dates ranging from 2014 to 2038.
In May 2013, we made a $24 million mezzanine loan priced at 15.22% to a wholly owned subsidiary of EnergySource LLC (EnergySource) to be used for a geothermal project. In our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013, we previously disclosed that additional time and equity funding would be required to complete the projects development. EnergySource subsequently developed a revised project business plan and budget and was negotiating third party approvals. In connection with the development of the revised business plan, on December 30, 2013, we agreed to amend the loan agreement whereby approximately $14 million was repaid in cash. The remaining outstanding balance of $11.8 million has a 15.22% interest rate, payable quarterly in cash. The loans average outstanding balance for the year ended December 31, 2013 was $24.7 million. Total interest income accrued and collected in cash on the loan for the year ended December 31, 2013 was $2.4 million. The loan is on non-accrual as of December 31, 2013. As previously disclosed, certain of our executive officers and directors own an indirect minority interest in EnergySource following the distribution of our predecessors ownership interest prior to the our IPO.
We recently became aware that the projects equity holders (who have already contributed an estimated $31 million in the project) presently do not plan to continue to fund the additional equity investments called for in the revised business plan and required for the project to move forward. As a result, we believe the probability of repayment of the loan in accordance with our contractual terms is in doubt and therefore, we have concluded that the loan is impaired, requiring us to establish an allowance for credit loss of $11.0 million against the loan as of December 31, 2013. The project is considered a variable interest entity and the maximum exposure to loss is the net outstanding balance of $0.8 million, which represents our current estimate of the realizable sale value of tangible project assets. We are assessing various options intended to allow us to recover the balance of the loan.
We had no other financing receivables or investments on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2013 nor did we have any financing receivables or investments on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2012, September 30, 2012, 2011, 2010 or 2009. There was no allowance for loan losses as of September 30, 2012, or provision for credit losses for the years ended September 30, 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009. We evaluate any modifications to our financing receivables in accordance with the guidance in ASC 310, Receivables . We evaluate any modifications of financing receivables to determine if the modification is more than minor, whereby any related fees, such as prepayment fees, would be recognized in income at the time of the modification. We did not have any loan modifications that qualify as trouble debt restructurings for the years ended December 31, 2013, September 30, 2012, and 2011, or for the three months ended December 31, 2012.
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012
Prior to the completion of our IPO, the Predecessor used a fiscal year ending on September 30. In connection with our determination to continue our business as a REIT, our fiscal year coincided with the calendar year beginning with our year ending December 31, 2013. Our results of operation discussion compares our results for the twelve month period ended December 31, 2013 to the twelve month period ended September 30, 2012. Consequently, we have also included results for the three-month transition period ended December 31, 2012 and a comparative discussion of that period to three month period ended December 31, 2011.
Years ended | ||||||||||||||||
December 31,
2013 |
September, 30,
2012 |
$ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue: |
||||||||||||||||
Total investment interest income |
$ | 17,365 | $ | 11,848 | $ | 5,517 | 46.6 | % | ||||||||
Investment interest expense |
(9,815 | ) | (9,852 | ) | 37 | 0.4 | % | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue |
7,550 | 1,996 | 5,554 | 278.3 | % | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Provision for credit losses |
(11,000 | ) | | (11,000 | ) | NM | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue, net of provision |
(3,450 | ) | 1,996 | (5,446 | ) | (272.8 | )% | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Other Investment Revenue: |
||||||||||||||||
Gain on securitization of receivables |
5,597 | 3,912 | 1,685 | 43.1 | % | |||||||||||
Fee income |
1,483 | 11,380 | (9,897 | ) | (87.0 | )% | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Other Investment Revenue |
7,080 | 15,292 | (8,212 | ) | (53.7 | )% | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total Revenue, net of investment interest expense and provision |
3,630 | 17,288 | (13,658 | ) | (79.0 | )% | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
(12,312 | ) | (7,697 | ) | (4,615 | ) | (60.0 | )% | ||||||||
General and administrative |
(3,844 | ) | (3,901 | ) | 57 | 1.5 | % | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization of intangibles |
(340 | ) | (440 | ) | 100 | 22.7 | % | |||||||||
Other interest expense |
(56 | ) | (287 | ) | 231 | 80.5 | % | |||||||||
Other income |
22 | 52 | (30 | ) | (57.7 | )% | ||||||||||
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments |
15 | 73 | (58 | ) | (79.5 | )% | ||||||||||
Loss from equity method investment in affiliate |
| (1,284 | ) | 1,284 | NM | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Other Expenses, net |
(16,515 | ) | (13,484 | ) | (3,031 | ) | (22.5 | )% | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net (Loss) Income before income tax |
(12,885 | ) | 3,804 | (16,689 | ) | (438.7 | )% | |||||||||
Income tax benefit (expense) |
251 | | 251 | NM | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (12,634 | ) | $ | 3,804 | $ | (16,438 | ) | (432.1 | )% | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
We recorded a net loss of $12.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to $3.8 million of income for the year ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily the result of a provision for credit loss of $11.0 million related to a mezzanine debt investment in a geothermal project and a decrease in other investment revenue of $8.2 million due to the fees generated from sustainable infrastructure projects in 2012, partially offset by increases in net investment revenue of $5.6 million. Our increase in net investment revenue of $5.6 million was the result of increasing the financing receivables and investments held on the balance sheet in 2013. We also had $3.0 million higher other expenses, net as a result of IPO related stock based compensation expense offset by the elimination of the loss from equity method investments.
Net Investment Revenue, net of interest expense and provision
Net investment revenue increased by $5.6 million to $7.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to $2.0 million for the year ended September 30, 2012. This increase was driven primarily by an increase in financing receivables and investments held on balance sheet for the year ended December 2013 when compared to the year ended September 30, 2012. The monthly average balance of financing receivables and investments increased to $305.7 million for year ended December 31, 2013 from $186.8 million for the year ended September 30, 2012, while the average interest rate earned on these assets decreased to 5.68% for the year ended December 31, 2013 from 6.34% for the year ended September 30, 2012 due to lower interest rates during 2013.
Investment interest expense decreased slightly to $9.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to $9.9 million in the year ended September 30, 2012 due to a lower average cost of debt of 4.28% in 2013 as compared to 5.15% in the year ended September 30, 2012. Our lower average cost of debt was partially offset by an increase in debt held for the year ended December 31, 2013 when compared to year ended September 30, 2012. In July 2013, we began using our new credit facility to finance our on balance sheet investments in financing receivables. As a result, the monthly average debt balance increased for the year ended December 31, 2013, to $229.1 million compared to $191.3 million in the year ended September 30, 2012. In December 2013, we also issued in a private placement $100.0 million of nonrecourse asset-backed notes with a fixed interest rate of 2.79%.
As described above, in 2013, we recorded a provision for credit loss of $11.0 million relating to a mezzanine debt investment in a geothermal project. There were no provisions in the year ended September 30, 2012. Net investment revenue, after the provision, declined by $5.4 million to a loss of $3.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 from net investment revenue, net of provision, of $2.0 million for the year ended September 30, 2012.
Other Investment Revenue
Gain on securitization of receivables increased by $1.7 million to $5.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to $3.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2012. Fee income decreased by approximately $9.9 million to $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to $11.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2012 as a result of higher placement and advisory fees earned from sustainable infrastructure transactions in 2012.
Total Revenue, Net of Investment Interest Expense and Provision
Total revenue, net of investment interest expense and provision declined by $13.7 million to $3.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to $17.3 million for the year ended September 30, 2012, as a result of the $11.0 million provision for credit losses related to the geothermal project previously discussed and lower fee income of $9.9 million, partially offset by growth in net investment revenue of $5.6 million and increased gain on securitization of receivables of $1.7 million.
Other Expenses, Net
Other expenses, net increased by $3.0 million to $16.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to $13.5 million in the for the year ended September 30, 2012, primarily as a result of increased compensation costs of $4.6 million, partially offset by lower loss from equity method investments in affiliate of $1.3 million. The increase in compensation costs was due to non-cash equity-based compensation charges of $7.1 million in 2013, including a one-time charge of $5.8 million relating to the reallocation between the owners and employees of the equity interest of the Predecessor as part of our IPO and formation transactions, offset by a decline in higher performance based compensation expense associated with the higher fee income in the year ended September 30, 2012. The increased compensation costs were offset by the elimination of the loss from equity method investment in affiliate of $1.3 million as a result of the distribution of the investment in HA EnergySource on December 31, 2012 to the Predecessors previous owners.
Net (Loss) Income
We recorded a net loss of $12.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to $3.8 million of income for the year ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily the result of a provision for credit losses and lower fee income, partially offset by an increase in net investment revenue. We also incurred higher other expenses, net in the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to the year ended September 30, 2012.
Comparison of the Three Months Ended December 31, 2012 to the Three Months Ended December 31, 2011
Three Months Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue: |
(unaudited | ) | ||||||||||||||
Income from financing receivables |
$ | 2,834 | $ | 3,350 | $ | (516 | ) | (15.4 | )% | |||||||
Investment interest expense |
(2,347 | ) | (2,821 | ) | 474 | 16.8 | % | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue |
487 | 529 | (42 | ) | (7.9 | )% | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Other Investment Revenue: |
||||||||||||||||
Gain on securitization of receivables |
2,534 | 1,940 | 594 | 30.6 | % | |||||||||||
Fee income |
254 | 288 | (34 | ) | (11.8 | )% | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Other Investment Revenue |
2,788 | 2,228 | 560 | 25.1 | % | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total Revenue, net of investment interest expense |
3,275 | 2,757 | 518 | 18.8 | % | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
(1,157 | ) | (1,065 | ) | (92 | ) | (8.6 | )% | ||||||||
General and administrative |
(584 | ) | (626 | ) | 42 | 6.7 | % | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization of intangibles |
(105 | ) | (113 | ) | 8 | 7.1 | % | |||||||||
Other interest expense |
(56 | ) | (83 | ) | 27 | 32.5 | % | |||||||||
Other Income |
1 | 14 | (13 | ) | (92.9 | )% | ||||||||||
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments |
23 | 29 | (6 | ) | (20.7 | )% | ||||||||||
Loss from equity method investment in affiliate |
(448 | ) | (799 | ) | 351 | 43.9 | % | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Other Expenses, net |
(2,326 | ) | (2,643 | ) | 317 | 12.0 | % | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 949 | $ | 114 | 835 | 732.5 | % | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income increased by $0.8 million to $0.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2012, compared to $0.1 million for the same period in 2011. This increase was the result of an increase in other investment revenue of $0.5 million and a lower loss from an equity method investment in affiliate of $0.4 million offset by increased compensation cost of $0.1 million.
Net Investment Revenue
Net investment revenue was unchanged at $0.5 million in the three months ended December 31, 2012, compared to the comparable period in 2011. While the monthly average balance of investments in financing receivables increased to $191.7 million in the three months ended December 31, 2012 from $145.0 million in the comparable period in 2011, the average interest rate earned on these assets decreased to 5.91% from 9.24% in three months ended December 31, 2011. The decline in the interest rate earned resulted from the timing of principal repayments and the yield differences on the financing receivables held during the periods. A large project began in late 2010, resulting in higher investment income in 2011 and there was a one-time pass through of interest income and expense of approximately $0.6 million relating to a partial prepayment of a fixed rate loan in the three months ended December 31, 2011. In addition, due to generally lower interest rates in 2012 as compared to 2011, the interest rates earned on new projects fell as did the cost of new nonrecourse debt. As a result, income from financing receivables declined by $0.5 million to $2.8 million in the three month period ended December 31, 2012 as compared to $3.3 million in the three month period ended December 31, 2011.
As the projects were match funded, the monthly average nonrecourse debt balance increased in the three months ended December 31, 2012 to $196.3 million compared to $149.4 million in the comparable period in 2011. As a result of the one-time interest expense of $0.6 million in the three months ended December 31, 2011, interest expense decreased to $2.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2012, compared to $2.8 million in the three month period ended December 31, 2011 and the average debt interest rate fell to 4.78% in the three month period ended December 31, 2012 from 7.55% in the three month period ended December 31, 2011. As a result of the lower interest rate earned on the investments offset partially by the lower interest rate on the nonrecourse debt, the net investment revenue spread fell to 1.13% in the three months ended December 31, 2012 from 1.69% in the comparable period in 2011 and net investment revenue remained unchanged at $0.5 million in the three months ended December 31, 2012, compared to the comparable period in 2011.
Other Investment Revenue
Gain on securitization of receivables increased by $0.6 million to $2.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2012 compared to $1.9 million in the comparable period in 2011. The increase was the result of an increase of $9.8 million of receivables securitized during the three months ended December 31, 2012 compared to the comparable period in 2011. Fee income was unchanged at $0.3 million.
Total Revenue, Net of Investment Interest Expense
Total revenue, net of investment interest expense increased by $0.5 million to $3.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2012, compared to $2.8 million in the comparable period in 2011, primarily as a result of an increase in other investment revenue of $0.6 million.
Other Expenses, Net
Other expenses, net decreased by $0.3 million to $2.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2012, compared to $2.6 million in the comparable period in 2011, primarily as a result of a decrease in the loss from equity method investment in affiliate of approximately $0.4 million to $0.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2012, compared to $0.8 million in the comparable period in 2011. The decrease in this loss was the result of the Hudson Ranch plant being placed in operation in 2012 and our lower share of the earnings in the plant as a result of the sale of equity in Hudson Ranch in September 2012. As of December 31, 2012, we had distributed this investment to the Predecessors owners.
Net Income
Net income increased by approximately $0.8 million to $0.9 million in the three months ended December 31, 2012, compared to $0.1 million in the comparable period in 2011 due primarily to the increase in other investment revenue and a decrease in the loss from equity method investment in affiliate.
Comparison of 2012 to 2011
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue: |
||||||||||||||||
Income from financing receivables |
$ | 11,848 | $ | 11,739 | $ | 109 | 0.9 | % | ||||||||
Investment interest expense |
(9,852 | ) | (9,442 | ) | (410 | ) | (4.3 | )% | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue |
1,996 | 2,297 | (301 | ) | (13.1 | )% | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Other Investment Revenue: |
||||||||||||||||
Gain on securitization of receivables |
3,912 | 4,025 | (113 | ) | (2.8 | )% | ||||||||||
Fee income |
11,380 | 877 | 10,503 | 1,197.6 | % | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Other Investment Revenue |
15,292 | 4,902 | 10,390 | 212.0 | % | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total Revenue, net of investment interest expense |
17,288 | 7,199 | 10,089 | 140.1 | % | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
(7,697 | ) | (4,028 | ) | (3,669 | ) | (91.1 | )% | ||||||||
General and administrative |
(3,901 | ) | (2,506 | ) | (1,395 | ) | (55.7 | )% | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization of intangibles |
(440 | ) | (431 | ) | (9 | ) | (2.1 | )% | ||||||||
Other interest expense |
(287 | ) | (295 | ) | 8 | 2.7 | % | |||||||||
Other Income |
52 | 61 | (9 | ) | (14.8 | )% | ||||||||||
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments |
73 | 35 | 38 | 108.6 | % | |||||||||||
Loss from equity method investment in affiliate |
(1,284 | ) | (5,047 | ) | 3,763 | 74.6 | % | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Other Expenses, net |
(13,484 | ) | (12,211 | ) | (1,273 | ) | (10.4 | )% | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 3,804 | $ | (5,012 | ) | $ | 8,816 | 175.9 | % | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income increased by $8.8 million to $3.8 million for the year ended September 30, 2012, compared to a loss of $5.0 million for the same period in 2011. This increase was the result of an increase in total revenue, net of investment interest expense of $10.1 million and a decrease in the loss from equity method investment in affiliate of $3.8 million. The increase was partially offset by increased compensation and benefits and general and administrative cost of $5.1 million due to higher performance based compensation expense as a result of the higher fee income as well as higher costs for additional personnel and professional fees to expand our origination capability and prepare for our IPO.
Net Investment Revenue
Net investment revenue decreased by $0.3 million to $2.0 million in 2012, when compared to $2.3 million in 2011. While the monthly average balance of investments in financing receivables increased to $186.8 million from $151.8 million in 2011, the average interest rate earned on these assets decreased to 6.34% from 7.73% in 2011. The decline in the interest rate earned resulted from the timing of principal repayments and the yield differences on the financing receivables held during the periods. A large project began in late 2010, resulting in higher investment income in 2011. In addition, due to generally lower interest rates in 2012 as compared to 2011, the interest rates earned on new projects fell as did the cost of new nonrecourse debt. As a result, income from financing receivables only rose by $0.1 million to $11.8 million in 2012 as compared to $11.7 million in 2011.
As the projects were match funded, the monthly average nonrecourse debt balance increased in 2012 to $191.3 million compared to $156.3 million in 2011. This change resulted in an increase in investment interest expense of $0.4 million to $9.8 million in 2012, compared to $9.4 million in 2011 despite the average debt interest rate falling to 5.15% in 2012 from 6.04% in 2011. As a result of the lower interest rate earned on the investments offset partially by the lower interest rate on the nonrecourse debt, the net investment revenue spread fell to 1.19% in 2012 from 1.69% in 2011 and net investment revenue decreased by $0.3 million to $2.0 million in 2012 as compared to $2.3 million in 2011.
Other Investment Revenue
Gain on securitization of receivables was $3.9 million for 2012, a decrease of $0.1 million from $4.0 million in 2011. Fee income increased by $10.5 million to $11.4 million in 2012, compared to $0.9 million in 2011, primarily the result of higher advisory service fees from the closing of sustainable infrastructure financing transactions in 2012.
Total Revenue, Net of Investment Interest Expense
Total revenue, net of investment interest expense increased by $10.1 million to $17.3 million in 2012 compared to $7.2 million in 2011, as a result of an increase in other investment revenue of $10.4 million partially offset by a decrease in net investment revenue of $0.3 million.
Other Expenses, Net
Other expenses, net increased by approximately $1.3 million to $13.5 million in 2012, compared to $12.2 million in the comparable period in 2011. The increase in compensation and benefits of $3.7 million from $4.0 million in 2011 to $7.7 million in 2012 was the result of higher performance based compensation expense associated with the higher fee income as well as higher costs for additional personnel and professional fees to expand our origination capability and prepare for our IPO. General and administrative expenses increased by $1.4 million to $3.9 million in 2012, compared to $2.5 million in 2011, as a result of higher professional fees on transactions that closed during the year as well as expenses relating to preparing for our IPO.
The loss from equity method investment in affiliate decreased by approximately $3.8 million to $1.2 million in 2012, compared to $5.0 million in 2011. EnergySource completed a number of transactions in the year including placing its primary holding, a geothermal plant, into production as well as refinancing its existing debt and selling equity to a third party investor. The decrease in this loss was also the result of decreased losses on an interest rate swap which was held by EnergySource. In December 2012, we distributed our investment in EnergySource to the Predecessors existing owners.
Net Income (Loss)
Net income increased by approximately $8.8 million to $3.8 million in 2012, compared to a loss of $5.0 million in 2011 due primarily to the increase in fee income offset by higher other expenses, net.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We consider the following non-GAAP financial measures useful to investors as key supplemental measures of our performance: (1) core earnings, (2) managed assets and (3) investment income from managed assets. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered along with, but not as alternatives to, net income or loss as a measure of our operating performance. These non-GAAP financial measures, as calculated by us, may not be comparable to similarly named financial measures as reported by other companies that do not define such terms exactly as we define such terms.
Core Earnings
We calculate Core Earnings as U.S. GAAP net income (loss) excluding non-cash equity compensation expense, non-cash provision for credit losses, amortization of intangibles and any non-cash tax charges. The amount is also adjusted to exclude one-time events pursuant to changes in U.S. GAAP and certain other non-cash charges as approved by a majority of our independent directors.
We believe that Core Earnings provides an additional measure of our core operating performance by eliminating the impact of certain non-cash expenses and facilitating a comparison of our financial results to those of other comparable REITs with fewer or no non-cash charges and comparison of our own operating results from period to period. Our management uses Core Earnings in this way. We believe that our investors also use Core Earnings, or a comparable supplemental performance measure, to evaluate and compare our performance to that of our peers, and as such, we believe that the disclosure of Core Earnings is useful to (and expected by) our investors.
However, Core Earnings does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP), or an indication of our cash flow from operating activities (determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP), a measure of our liquidity, or an indication of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions. In addition, our methodology for calculating Core Earnings may differ from the methodologies employed by other REITs to calculate the same or similar supplemental performance measures, and accordingly, our reported Core Earnings may not be comparable to the core earnings reported by other REITs.
We have calculated our Core Earnings for the period from our IPO to December 31, 2013. We did not use Core Earnings and thus have not calculated it for periods prior to our IPO. The table below provides a reconciliation of our net income to Core Earnings:
For the Period from April 23,
2013 to December 31, |
||||||||
2013 | Per Share | |||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||
Net income attributable to controlling shareholders |
$ | (10,459 | ) | $ | (0.68 | ) | ||
Adjustments attributable to controlling shareholders (1) : |
||||||||
Non-cash equity-based compensation charge |
6,884 | |||||||
Non-cash provision for credit losses |
10,699 | |||||||
Amortization of intangibles |
150 | |||||||
Non-cash provision for taxes |
(244 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Core Earnings (2) |
$ | 7,030 | $ | 0.43 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Includes only the portion of the adjustment that is allocated to the controlling shareholders. |
(2) | Core Earnings per share is based on 16,424,427 shares for the year ended December 31, 2013, which represents the weighted average number of fully-diluted shares outstanding including participating securities, excluding the minority interest in our Operating Partnership as the income attributable to the minority interest is also excluded. |
Managed Assets and Investment Income from Managed Assets
As we both consolidate assets on our balance sheet and securitize investments, certain of our financing receivables and other assets are not reflected on our balance sheet where we may have a residual interest in the performance of the investment. Thus, we also calculate both our investments and our income on our investments on a non-GAAP managed basis, which assumes that securitized loans are not sold, with the effect that the income from securitized loans is included in our income in the same manner as the income from loans that we consolidated on our balance sheet. We believe that our managed basis information is useful to investors because it portrays the results of both on- and off-balance sheet loans that we manage, which enables investors to understand and evaluate the credit performance associated with the portfolio of loans reported on our consolidated balance sheet and our retained interests in securitized loans. Our non-GAAP managed basis measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.
The following is a reconciliation of our U.S. GAAP financing receivables and investments to our managed assets as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, September 30, 2012 and 2011 and our U.S. GAAP income from financing receivables to our investment income from managed assets for the years ended December 31, 2013, the three months ended December 31, 2012, and the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:
As of December 31, | As of September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Financing receivables (1) |
$ | 347,871 | $ | 191,399 | $ | 195,582 | $ | 143,776 | ||||||||
Investments (1) |
91,964 | | | | ||||||||||||
Assets held in securitization trusts |
1,617,992 | 1,431,635 | 1,412,693 | 1,394,750 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Managed Assets |
$ | 2,057,827 | $ | 1,623,034 | $ | 1,608,275 | $ | 1,538,526 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Excludes financing receivables held-for-sale of $24.8 million and investments held-for-sale of $3.2 million that were purchased in December 2013 and sold in the three month period ended March 31, 2014. |
Year Ended
December 31, |
Three Months
Ended December 31, |
Years end
September 30, |
||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Investment interest income |
$ | 17,365 | $ | 2,834 | $ | 11,848 | $ | 11,739 | ||||||||
Income from assets held in securitization trusts |
86,256 | 20,670 | 84,582 | 82,176 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Investment Income from Managed Assets |
$ | 103,621 | $ | 23,504 | $ | 96,430 | $ | 93,915 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Financial Measures
The following are certain financial measures for the years ended December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012 and 2011.
Year Ended
December 31, |
Year Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||
Return on assets |
(3.2 | )% | 1.9 | % | (2.7 | )% | ||||||
Return on equity |
(16.1 | )% | 21.5 | % | (25.9 | )% | ||||||
Average equity to average total assets ratio |
20.0 | % | 8.7 | % | 10.6 | % |
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet potential short-term (within one year) and long-term cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund and maintain our current and future sustainable infrastructure projects, make distributions to our stockholders and other general business needs. We will use significant cash to finance our sustainable infrastructure projects, repay principal and interest on our borrowings, make distributions to our stockholders and fund our operations.
We use borrowings as part of our financing strategy to increase potential returns to our stockholders. Prior to our IPO, we financed our business primarily through the use of securitizations, such as Hannie Mae, or other special purpose funding vehicles. In securitization transactions, we transfer the loans or other assets we originate to securitization trusts or other bankruptcy remote special purpose funding vehicles. Large institutional investors, primarily insurance companies and commercial banks, historically provided the financing needed for a project by purchasing the notes issued by the funding vehicle. As of December 31, 2013, the outstanding principal balance of our assets financed through the use of securitizations which are not consolidated on our balance sheet was approximately $1.6 billion. In addition, we have also financed our business through fixed rate nonrecourse debt where the debt is match-funded with corresponding fixed rate yielding assets. As of December 31, 2013, we had outstanding approximately $160 million of this match funded debt, all of which was consolidated on to our balance sheet. We expect to continue to use securitizations and non-recourse match-funded borrowings to finance our business. We also believe we will be able to customize securitized tranches to meet investment preferences of different investors.
Since our IPO, we have broadened our financing sources. In July 2013, we entered into a $350 million senior secured revolving credit facility with maximum total advances of $700 million. In addition, in December 2013, we issued $100 million, 2.79% fixed rate asset backed non-recourse notes that mature in 2019. We believe that this financing was one of the first asset-backed securitizations that provided details on the greenhouse gas emissions saved by the technologies that secured the financing. For further information on the revolving credit facility, asset backed nonrecourse notes, and our match funded nonrecourse debt, see the Credit Facility and Nonrecourse Debt sections of Sources and Uses of Cash.
We also plan to use other fixed and floating rate borrowings in the form of additional bank credit facilities (including term loans and revolving facilities), warehouse facilities, repurchase agreements and public and private equity and debt issuances, as well as additional securitizations and match funded arrangements, as a means of financing our business. The decision on how we finance specific assets or groups of assets is largely driven by capital allocations and portfolio management considerations, as well as prevailing credit spreads and the terms of available financing and market conditions. Over time, as market conditions change, we may use other forms of leverage in addition to these financings arrangements.
Although we are not restricted by any regulatory requirements to maintain our leverage ratio at or below any particular level, the amount of leverage we may deploy for particular assets will depend upon the availability of particular types of financing and our assessment of the credit, liquidity, price volatility and other risks of those assets and the credit quality of our financing counterparties. Prior to our IPO, we financed our transactions with U.S. federal government obligors with more than 95% debt. Our current policy is to maintain a debt to equity ratio of less than two to one across our overall portfolio and as of December 31, 2013, this debt to equity ratio was approximately 1.2 to 1.
We intend to use leverage for the primary purpose of financing our portfolio and business activities and not for the purpose of speculating on changes in interest rates.
While we generally intend to hold our target assets that we do not securitize upon acquisition as long-term investments, certain of our investments may be sold in order to manage our interest rate risk and liquidity needs, to meet other operating objectives and to adapt to market conditions. The timing and impact of future sales of financings, if any, cannot be predicted with any certainty. Since we expect that our assets will generally be financed, we expect that a significant portion of the proceeds from sales of our assets (if any), prepayments and scheduled amortization will be used to repay balances under our financing sources.
We believe these identified sources of liquidity will be adequate for purposes of meeting our short-term and long-term liquidity needs, which include funding future sustainable infrastructure projects, operating costs and distributions to our stockholders. To qualify as a REIT, we must distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains. These dividend requirements limit our ability to retain earnings and thereby replenish or increase capital for growth and our operations.
Sources and Uses of Cash
We had $31.8 million, $8.0 million, $20.9 million and $1.6 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. As a result of our post IPO strategy and our intention to hold more direct economic interests in our assets in the future, we do not believe that our sources and uses of cash for the historical periods as set forth below are comparable to our sources and uses of cash following our IPO.
Cash Generated from Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $10.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, driven primarily by operating cash flows used to acquire the financing receivables held for sale of $16.4 million and the net loss of $12.6 million, partially offset by the non-cash provision for credit losses of $11.0 million related to the impairment of a mezzanine debt investment in a geothermal project and non-cash equity-based compensation expense of $7.1 million, which includes a one-time charge of $5.8 million relating to the reallocation between the owners and employees of the equity interest of the Predecessor as part of our IPO and formation transactions.
Net cash used in operating activities was $1.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2012. In addition to the net income of $0.9 million, there was the non-cash loss from our equity method investment of $0.4 million and depreciation and amortization of $0.1 million. This was offset by the changes in operating assets and liabilities of $2.9 million, primarily resulting from the payment of expenses accrued at September 30, 2012.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $9.7 million for the year ended September 30, 2012. In addition to net income of $3.8 million, there were significant non-cash expenses, including the loss from our equity method investment of $1.3 million and depreciation and amortization of intangibles of $0.4 million for 2012. In addition, changes in operating assets and liabilities, primarily resulting from accrued compensation expense at year-end, provided cash of $3.8 million and the non-cash component of the securitizations increased operating cash by $0.4 million.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $1.5 million for the year ended September 30, 2011. The net loss in 2011 was due in significant part to non-cash expenses including the loss from our equity method investment in HA EnergySource of $5.0 million and depreciation and amortization of intangibles of $0.4 million. In addition in 2011, changes in other assets and liabilities provided cash of $0.8 million and the non-cash component of the securitizations increased operating cash by $0.3 million.
Cash Flows Relating to Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $229.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Cash of $156.0 million and $92.5 million were used to acquire financing receivables and investments, respectively, and $49.8 million was set-aside in restricted cash to be used to pay for future funding obligations associated with the new investments. These cash outlays were offset by $68.5 million of principal collections on financing receivables held on our balance sheet.
Net cash generated from investing activities was $6.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2012. In the three months ended December 31, 2012, cash used for new investments in finance receivables held on our balance sheet was $2.1 million and principal collections on financing receivables held on our balance sheet were $6.3 million. In the three months ended December 31, 2012, the investment and advances in non-consolidated affiliates, other than the $3.4 million non-cash contribution as part of the spinout of HA EnergySource, were $0.6 million and the distributions from the non-consolidated affiliates were $0.4 million. In addition, the release of restricted cash generated $2.0 million.
Net cash used in investing activities was $40.2 million for the year ended September 30, 2012. In 2012, cash used for new investments in finance receivables held on our balance sheet was $103.3 million and principal collections on financing receivables held on our balance sheet were $51.5 million. For 2012, the investment and advances in non-consolidated affiliates was $3.4 million and the distributions from the non-consolidated affiliates were $14.3 million. In addition, $0.2 million was spent on property and equipment, primarily as the result of our office move and the net proceeds from the sale of marketable securities generated $0.5 million and the release of restricted cash generated $0.3 million.
Net cash provided by investing activities was $8.2 million for the year ended September 30, 2011. Cash used for new investments in finance receivables held on our balance sheet was $7.2 million and principal collections on financing receivables held on our balance sheet were $22.6 million in 2011. Additionally, our investment and advances in non-consolidated affiliates resulted in a cash outflow of $5.1 million in 2011 and the establishment of the restricted cash reserve of $2.1 million was also a cash outflow in 2011.
Cash Flows Relating to Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $263.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Our IPO resulted in net proceeds of $160.0 million. Total borrowings were $260.1 million with borrowings from the new credit facility of $131.0 million and nonrecourse borrowings of $129.1 million, including our new private placement of asset-backed nonrecourse notes of $100.0 million. Payments of $65.2 million and $58.0 million were made on nonrecourse debt and on the credit facilities, respectively, and $16.9 million was paid on deferred funding obligations. Dividends and distributions of $7.1 million were paid to shareholders and $8.7 million was used on deferred transactions costs associated with the new credit facility and the asset-backed nonrecourse notes. The transaction costs will be amortized as a component of interest expense over the term of the agreements.
Net cash used in financing activities was $17.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2012. During the quarter, $12.7 million was used to fund accrued distributions on and to return capital in respect of the Series A participating preferred units. Total proceeds from nonrecourse debt to fund the origination of financing receivables were $2.2 million versus repayments on the nonrecourse debt of $6.5 million during the period. In addition, principal repayments on our existing credit facility were $0.4 million. Net cash provided by financing activities was $1.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2011. Total proceeds from nonrecourse debt to fund the origination of financing receivables were $8.9 million versus repayments on the nonrecourse debt of $6.4 million during the period. In addition, principal repayments on our existing credit facility were $0.6 million.
Net cash from financing activities was $49.8 million for the year ended September 30, 2012. Total proceeds from nonrecourse debt to fund the origination of financing receivables were $104.2 million for 2012 versus repayments on the nonrecourse debt of $52.1 million during such period. In addition, principal repayments on our existing credit facility were $2.3 million.
Net cash used in financing activities was $13.4 million in for the year ended September 30, 2011. In 2011, proceeds from nonrecourse debt were $7.4 million and repayments on nonrecourse debt were $23.1 million. In 2011, proceeds from borrowings on our credit facility were $4.0 million, offset by repayments on our existing credit facility of $1.4 million. The $4.0 million of borrowings were used for general corporate purposes, including investing in sustainable infrastructure projects and to establish a restricted cash reserve.
Credit Facility
In July 2013, we entered into a $350.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility through newly-created, wholly-owned special purpose subsidiaries (the Borrowers). On November 26, 2013, the PF Loan Agreement was amended to provide our company with the flexibility to negotiate an alternative interest rate margin on certain loans with the approval of the administration agent.
The terms of the credit facility, as amended, are set forth in the Loan Agreement (G&I) (the G&I Loan Agreement) and the Loan Agreement (PF) (the PF Loan Agreement, and together with the G&I Loan Agreement, the Loan Agreements) and provide for senior secured revolving credit facilities with total maximum advances of $700.0 million (i) in the case of the G&I Loan Agreement, in the principal amount of $200 million to be used to leverage certain qualifying government and institutional financings entered into by us, with maximum total advances (without giving effect to prepayments or repayments) of $400 million, and (ii) in the case of the PF Loan Agreement, in the principal amount of $150 million to be used to leverage certain qualifying project financings entered into by us, with maximum total advances (without giving effect to prepayments or repayments) of $300 million. We, together with certain of our subsidiaries, have guaranteed the obligations of the Borrowers under each of the Loan Agreements pursuant to (x) a Continuing Guaranty dated July 19, 2013, and (y) a Limited Guaranty dated July 19, 2013. The scheduled termination date of the Loan Agreements is July 19, 2018. Loans under the G&I Loan Agreement bear interest at a rate equal to the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus 1.50% or, under certain circumstances, the Federal Funds Rate plus 1.50%. Loans under the PF Loan Agreement bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.50% or, under certain circumstances, the Federal Funds Rate plus 2.50% or a specifically negotiated rate on certain loans as approved by the administrative agent.
Any financing we proposed to be included in the borrowing base as collateral under the Loan Agreements will be subject to the approval of the administrative agent in its sole discretion. The amount eligible to be drawn under the Loan Agreements for purposes of financing such investments will be based on a discount to the value of each investment or an applicable valuation percentage. Under the G&I Loan Agreement, the applicable valuation percentage for non-delinquent investments is 80% in the case of a U.S. Federal Government obligor, 75% in the case of an institutional obligor or a state and local obligor, and with respect to other obligors or in certain circumstances, such other percentage as the administrative agent may prescribe. Under the PF Loan Agreement, the applicable valuation percentage is 67% or such other percentage as the administrative agent may prescribe. The sum of approved financings after taking into account the valuation percentages and any changes in the valuation of the financings in accordance with the Loan Agreement determines the borrowing capacity, subject to the overall facility limits described above.
We had outstanding borrowings under our credit facilities of $77.1 million as of December 31, 2013. We pledged $114.3 million of financing receivables as collateral for the credit facility as of December 31, 2013. We incurred approximately $8.6 million of costs associated with the Loan Agreements that have been capitalized (included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets) and will be amortized on a straight-line basis over a 60 month period from July 2013. On each monthly payment date, the Borrowers shall also pay to the administrative agent, for the benefit of the lenders, certain availability fees for each Loan Agreement equal to 0.50%, divided by 360, multiplied by the excess of the available borrowing capacity under each Loan Agreement over the actual amount borrowed under such Loan Agreement.
Each Loan Agreement contains terms, conditions, covenants, and representations and warranties that are customary and typical for a transaction of this nature. The Loan Agreements contain various affirmative and negative covenants, and limitations on the incurrence of liens and indebtedness, investments, fundamental organizational changes, dispositions, changes in the nature of business, transactions with affiliates, use of proceeds and stock repurchases.
Each Loan Agreement also includes customary events of default, including for the existence of a default in more than 50% of underlying financings. The occurrence of an event of default may result in termination of the Loan Agreements, acceleration of amounts due under both Loan Agreements, and accrual of default interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 2.50% in the case of the G&I Loan Agreement and at a rate of LIBOR plus 5.00% in the case of the PF Loan Agreement.
The Loan Agreements require that we maintain the following covenants:
Covenant |
Covenant Threshold | |||
Minimum Liquidity (defined as available borrowings under the Loan Agreements plus unrestricted cash divided by actual borrowings) of greater than: |
5 | % | ||
12 month rolling Net Interest Margin (starting June, 2014) of greater than: |
$ | 0 | ||
Maximum Debt to Equity Ratio of less than: |
4 to 1 |
We were in compliance with the financial covenants of the Loan Agreements at each reporting date that such covenants were applicable. For purposes of the Maximum Debt to Equity ratio, debt is defined as total indebtedness excluding accounts payable and accrued expenses and nonrecourse debt.
We repaid our Predecessors credit facility and a related interest rate swap and cap in April 2013 from the proceeds of the IPO. The facility had a balance of $4.6 million as of September 30, 2012. The interest rate swap was not designated as a hedging instrument under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging and was recorded in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2012. Interest paid under the facility was $0.3 million for the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.
Nonrecourse Debt
Asset-Backed Nonrecourse Notes
In December 2013, we issued in a private placement $100.0 million of nonrecourse asset-backed notes with a fixed interest rate of 2.79%. The notes mature in December 2019 and are secured by $109.5 million of on-balance sheet financing receivables. The noteholders can only look to the cash flows of the pledged financing receivables to satisfy the notes and we are not liable for nonpayment by the obligor of the financing receivables securing these notes. As of December 31, 2013, we had $100.1 million of notes outstanding. Upon maturity, the Notes are anticipated to have an outstanding debt balance of approximately $57 million. The notes may be prepaid prior to December 2018, with a make whole payment calculated using a discount rate equal to the comparable-maturity treasury yield plus 50 basis points. Thereafter the notes are repayable at par. At maturity, we will have the option to rollover the remaining debt with a mutually agreed term and rate or repay the outstanding balance. We incurred approximately $0.2 million of costs associated with the issuance of the notes that have been capitalized (included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets) and will be amortized using the effective interest method over a 72 month period from December 2013.
Other Nonrecourse Debt
We have other nonrecourse debt that was used to finance certain of our financing receivables for the term of the financing receivable. Amounts due under nonrecourse notes are secured by financing receivables with a carrying value of $156.4 million as of December 31, 2013 and there is no recourse to our general assets. Debt service payment requirements, in a majority of cases, are equal to or less than the cash flows received from the underlying financing receivables.
General and Administrative Expenses
Our general and administrative expenses include salaries, rent, professional fees and other corporate level expenses, as well as the costs associated with operating as a public company. As of December 31, 2013, we employed 22 people. We intend to hire additional business professionals as needed to assist in the implementation of our new strategy. We also expect to incur additional professional fees to meet the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The timing and level of these costs and our ability to pay these costs with cash flow from our operations depends on our execution of our business plan, the number of financings we originate or acquire and our ability to attract qualified individuals to fill these new positions.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
We lease office space under an operating lease entered into in July 2011 and which was amended in October 2013 to incorporate expansion space. The lease provides for operating expense reimbursements and annual escalations that are amortized over the respective lease terms on a straight-line basis. Lease payments under the July 2011 lease commenced in March 2012 and incremental payments related to the expansion space will commence in March 2014. Our previous lease expired December 31, 2011. We also lease space at a satellite office under an operating lease entered into in November 2011. Lease payments under this lease commenced in February 2012.
The following table provides a summary of our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2013:
Payment due by Period | ||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations |
Total |
Less than
1 year |
1 - 3 Years | 3 - 5 Years |
More than
5 years |
|||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Long-Term Debt Obligations (1) |
$ | 259,924 | $ | 40,246 | $ | 71,760 | $ | 33,336 | $ | 114,582 | ||||||||||
Interest on Long-term Debt Obligations (1) |
56,423 | 9,666 | 14,684 | 10,602 | 21,471 | |||||||||||||||
Credit Facility |
77,114 | 114 | | 77,000 | | |||||||||||||||
Interest on Credit Facility (2) |
8,728 | 1,915 | 3,829 | 2,984 | | |||||||||||||||
Deferred Funding Obligations |
74,675 | 53,752 | 18,101 | 2,822 | | |||||||||||||||
Operating Lease Obligations |
3,440 | 306 | 791 | 851 | 1,492 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total |
$ | 480,304 | $ | 105,999 | $ | 109,165 | $ | 127,595 | $ | 137,545 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | The Long-Term Debt Obligations are secured by the financing receivables that were financed with no recourse to our general assets. Debt service, in the majority of the cases, is equal to or less than the financing receivables. Interest paid on these obligations was $8.3 million and $8.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively. Interest paid on the credit facilities was $0.6 million and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively. |
(2) | Interest is calculated based on the interest rate in effect at December 31, 2013 and includes all interest expense incurred and expected to be incurred in the future based on the current principal balance through the contractual maturity of the credit facility. |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As described under Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates, we have relationships with non-consolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured investment vehicles, or special purpose or variable interest entities, established to facilitate the sale of securitized assets. Other than our securitization assets of $6.1 million as of December 31, 2013 that may be at risk in the event of defaults in our securitization trusts, we have not guaranteed any obligations of nonconsolidated entities or entered into any commitment or intent to provide additional funding to any such entities.
Dividends
U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, and that it pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that it annually distributes less than 100% of its taxable income. In the event that our board of directors determines to make distributions in excess of the income or cash flow generated from our assets, we may make such distributions from the proceeds of future offerings of equity or debt securities or other forms of debt financing or the sale of assets. To the extent that in respect of any calendar year, cash available for distribution is less than our taxable income, we could be required to sell assets or borrow funds to make cash distributions or make a portion of the required distribution in the form of a taxable stock distribution or distribution of debt securities. We will generally not be required to make distributions with respect to activities conducted through our domestic TRS.
We anticipate that our distributions generally will be taxable as ordinary income to our stockholders, although a portion of the distributions may be designated by us as qualified dividend income or capital gain or may constitute a return of capital. In addition, a portion of such distributions may be taxable stock dividends payable in our shares. We will furnish annually to each of our stockholders a statement setting forth distributions paid during the preceding year and their characterization as ordinary income, return of capital, qualified dividend income or capital gain.
Our board of directors authorized, and we declared, the following dividends in 2013:
Announced Date |
Record Date | Pay Date | Amount per share | Frequency | ||||||
8/8/13 |
8/20/13 | 8/29/13 | $ | 0.06 | Quarterly | |||||
11/7/13 |
11/18/13 | 11/22/13 | $ | 0.14 | Quarterly | |||||
12/17/13 |
12/30/13 | 1/10/14 | $ | 0.22 | Quarterly |
Subsequent to 2013, on March 13, 2014, our board of directors declared a $0.22 dividend to shareholders of record as of March 27, 2014 and payable on April 9, 2014.
Book Value Considerations
As of December 31, 2013, we carried only our retained interests in securitized receivables and our investments held-for-sale at fair value on our balance sheet. As a result, in reviewing our book value, there are a number of important factors and limitations to consider. Other than the $3.2 million of investments held-for-sale and the $4.9 million in residual assets relating to our retained interests in securitized receivables that are on our balance sheet at fair value as of December 31, 2013, the carrying value of our remaining assets and liabilities are calculated as of a particular point in time, which is largely determined at the time such assets and liabilities were added to our balance sheet using a cost basis in accordance with U.S. GAAP. As such, our remaining assets and liabilities do not incorporate other factors that may have a significant impact on their value, most notably any impact of business activities, changes in estimates or changes in general economic conditions or interest rates since the dates the assets or liabilities were initially recorded. Accordingly, our book value does not necessarily represent an estimate of our net realizable value, liquidation value or our market value as a whole.
Inflation
We do not anticipate that inflation will have a significant effect on our results of operations. However, in the event of a significant increase in inflation, interest rates could rise and our projects and investments may be materially adversely affected.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
We anticipate that our primary market risks will be related to commodity prices, the credit quality of our counterparties and project companies, market interest rates and the liquidity of our assets. We will seek to manage these risks while, at the same time, seeking to provide an opportunity to stockholders to realize attractive returns through ownership of our common stock.
Credit Risks
While we do not anticipate facing significant credit risk in our financings related to U.S. federal government energy efficiency projects, we are subject to varying degrees of credit risk in these projects in relation to guarantees provided by ESCOs where payments under energy savings performance contracts are contingent upon energy savings. We are also exposed to credit risk in projects we finance that do not depend on funding from the U.S. federal government. We expect to increasingly target such projects as part of our strategy. In the case of various other sustainable infrastructure projects, we are exposed to the credit risk of the obligor of the projects power purchase agreement or other long-term contractual revenue commitments as well as to the performance of the project. We may also encounter enhanced credit risk as we execute our strategy to increasingly include mezzanine debt or equity investments. We seek to manage credit risk using thorough due diligence and underwriting processes, strong structural protections in our loan agreements with customers and continual, active asset management and portfolio monitoring.
Interest Rate and Borrowing Risks
Interest rate risk is highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond our control.
We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with new asset originations and our credit facility, and in the future, will be subject to interest rate risk for any new floating or inverse floating rate assets and credit facilities. Because short-term borrowings are generally short-term commitments of capital, lenders may respond to market conditions, making it more difficult for us to secure continued financing. If we are not able to renew our then existing facilities or arrange for new financing on terms acceptable to us, or if we default on our covenants or are otherwise unable to access funds under any of these facilities, we may have to curtail our financing of sustainable infrastructure projects and/or dispose of assets. We face particular risk in this regard given that we expect many of our borrowings will have a shorter duration than the assets they finance. Increasing interest rates may reduce the demand for our investments while declining interest rates may increase the demand. Both our current and future credit facilities may be of limited duration and are periodically refinanced at then current market rates. We expect to attempt to reduce interest rate risks and to minimize exposure to interest rate fluctuations through the use of match funded financing structures, when appropriate, whereby we may seek (1) to match the maturities of our debt obligations with the maturities of our assets and (2) to match the interest rates on our assets with like-kind debt (i.e., we may finance floating rate assets with floating rate debt and fixed-rate assets with fixed-rate debt), directly or through the use of interest rate swap agreements, interest rate cap agreements or other financial instruments, or through a combination of these strategies. We expect these instruments will allow us to minimize, but not eliminate, the risk that we have to refinance our liabilities before the maturities of our assets and to reduce the impact of changing interest rates on our earnings. In addition to the use of traditional derivative instruments, we also seek to mitigate interest rate risk by using securitizations, syndications and other techniques to construct a portfolio with a staggered maturity profile, which allows us to maintain a minimum threshold of recurring principal repayments and capital to redeploy into changing rate environments. We monitor the impact of interest rate changes on the market for new originations and often have the flexibility to increase the term of the project to offset interest rate increases.
All of our nonrecourse debt is at fixed rates and changes in market rates on our fixed debt impact the fair value of the debt but have no impact on our consolidated financial statements. If interest rates rise, and our fixed debt balance remains constant, we expect the fair value of our debt to decrease. As of December 31, 2013, and September 30, 2012, the estimated fair value of our fixed rate nonrecourse debt was $266.9 million and $218.2 million, respectively, which is based on having the same debt service requirements that could have been borrowed at the date presented, at prevailing current market interest rates.
Our July 2013, credit facility is a variable rate loan. Significant increases in interest rates would result in higher interest expense while decreases in interest rates would result in lower interest rate expense. As described above, we may use various financing techniques including interest rate swap agreements, interest rate cap agreements or other financial instruments, or a combination of these strategies to mitigate the variable interest nature of this facility.
We record the residual asset portion of our securitization assets at fair value, which was $4.9 million as of December 31, 2013, and $4.6 million as of September 30, 2012. Any changes in the discount rate would impact the value of these assets in our financial statements and a 10% change in our discount rate assumption would result in a $0.3 million change in the value of these assets recorded in our financial statements as of December 31, 2013.
Liquidity and Concentration Risk
The assets that comprise our asset portfolio are not and will not be publicly traded. A portion of these assets may be subject to legal and other restrictions on resale or will otherwise be less liquid than publicly-traded securities. The illiquidity of our assets may make it difficult for us to sell such assets if the need or desire arises, including in response to changes in economic and other conditions. As of December 31, 2013, a significant portion of our assets financings were held in securitization trusts where we retained only residual economic stakes or were held on our balance sheet and secured by nonrecourse debt. Part of our strategy in undertaking our IPO was to selectively retain a larger portion of the economics in the financings we originate. As a consequence, we are subject to concentration risk and could incur significant losses if any of these projects perform poorly or if we are required to write down the value of any these projects. See also Credit Risks above.
Commodity Price Risk
Investments in sustainable infrastructure projects that act as a substitute for an underlying commodity will expose us to volatility in prices of that commodity. As we target projects with long-term contracted revenues, often with price escalators based on inflation or other factors, commodity price risk has potentially more of an impact on new originations than on existing projects. We monitor the market demand for various types of projects based upon a variety of factors including the outlook for the price of the underlying commodity. We also focus on a blend of technologies and projects to limit our exposure to price adjustments of any one commodity. For example, we believe the current low prices in natural gas will increase demand for some types of our projects, such as combined heat and power, but may reduce the demand for other projects like clean energy which may be a substitute for natural gas. In addition, certain of our projects reduce the use of the commodity so the impact of a reduction in cost of the underlying commodity can often be offset by increasing the term of the financing. Volatility in energy prices may cause building owners and other parties to be reluctant to commit to projects for which repayment is based upon a fixed monetary value for energy savings that would not decline if the price of energy declines so we often blend technologies together that may result in savings of several different commodities.
Risk Management
Our ongoing active asset management and portfolio monitoring processes provide investment oversight and valuable insight into our origination, underwriting and structuring processes. These processes create value through active monitoring of the state of our markets, enforcement of existing contracts and real-time receivables management. Subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT, and as described above, we engage in a variety of interest rate management techniques that seek to mitigate the economic effect of interest rate changes on the values of, and returns on, some of our assets. While there have been only two incidents of credit loss, amounting to approximately $18.0 million (net of recoveries) on the more than $4.5 billion of transactions we originated since 2000, which represents an aggregate loss of approximately 0.4% on cumulative transactions originated over this time period, there can be no assurance that we will continue to be as successful, particularly as we invest in more credit sensitive assets or more equity positions and engage in increasing numbers of transactions with obligors other than U.S. federal government agencies.
We seek to manage credit risk using thorough due diligence and underwriting processes, strong structural protections in our loan agreements with customers and continual, active asset management and portfolio monitoring.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc., Consolidated Financial Statements, For the Year Ended December 31, 2013, Three Months Ended December 31, 2012 and for the Years Ended September 31, 2012 and 2011 |
||||
78 | ||||
79 | ||||
80 | ||||
81 | ||||
82 | ||||
83 | ||||
84 |
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Board of Directors and Stockholders
Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive (loss) income, stockholders equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2013, the three months ended December 31, 2012 and the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. at December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2013, the three months ended December 31, 2012 and the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
McLean, Virginia
March 17, 2014
HANNON ARMSTRONG SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE CAPITAL, INC.
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
December 31,
2013 |
September 30,
2012 |
|||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Financing receivables |
$ | 347,871 | $ | 195,582 | ||||
Investments |
91,964 | | ||||||
Financing receivable and investments held-for-sale |
27,971 | | ||||||
Securitization assets |
6,144 | 6,233 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
31,846 | 20,948 | ||||||
Restricted cash and cash equivalents |
49,865 | 2,035 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net |
1,706 | 2,058 | ||||||
Goodwill |
3,798 | 3,798 | ||||||
Equity method investment in affiliate |
| 787 | ||||||
Other assets |
10,267 | 1,022 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Assets |
$ | 571,432 | $ | 232,463 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Liabilities and Equity |
||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 7,296 | $ | 8,419 | ||||
Deferred funding obligations |
74,675 | | ||||||
Credit facility |
77,114 | 4,599 | ||||||
Asset-backed nonrecourse notes (secured by financing receivables of $109.5 million) |
100,081 | | ||||||
Other nonrecourse debt (secured by financing receivables of $156.4 million and $195.6 million, respectively) |
159,843 | 200,283 | ||||||
Deferred tax liability |
1,799 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Liabilities |
420,808 | 213,301 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Equity: |
||||||||
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding |
| | ||||||
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 450,000,000 shares authorized, 15,892,927 shares issued and outstanding |
159 | | ||||||
Series A participating preferred units |
| 10,401 | ||||||
Class A common units |
| 67 | ||||||
Additional paid in capital |
160,120 | | ||||||
Retained (deficit) earnings |
(13,864 | ) | 8,441 | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income |
110 | 253 | ||||||
Non-controlling interest |
4,099 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Equity |
150,624 | 19,162 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Liabilities and Equity |
$ | 571,432 | $ | 232,463 | ||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
HANNON ARMSTRONG SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
Year Ended
December 31, |
Three Months Ended
December 31, |
Years ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue: |
||||||||||||||||
Financing receivables |
$ | 15,468 | $ | 2,834 | $ | 11,848 | $ | 11,739 | ||||||||
Investments |
1,897 | | | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total investment interest income |
17,365 | 2,834 | 11,848 | 11,739 | ||||||||||||
Investment interest expense |
(9,815 | ) | (2,347 | ) | (9,852 | ) | (9,442 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net Investment Revenue |
7,550 | 487 | 1,996 | 2,297 | ||||||||||||
Provision for credit losses |
(11,000 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net Investment Revenue, net of provision |
(3,450 | ) | 487 | 1,996 | 2,297 | |||||||||||
Other Investment Revenue: |
||||||||||||||||
Gain on securitization of receivables |
5,597 | 2,534 | 3,912 | 4,025 | ||||||||||||
Fee income |
1,483 | 254 | 11,380 | 877 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Other Investment Revenue |
7,080 | 2,788 | 15,292 | 4,902 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total Revenue, net of investment interest expense and provision |
3,630 | 3,275 | 17,288 | 7,199 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
(12,312 | ) | (1,157 | ) | (7,697 | ) | (4,028 | ) | ||||||||
General and administrative |
(3,844 | ) | (584 | ) | (3,901 | ) | (2,506 | ) | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization of intangibles |
(340 | ) | (105 | ) | (440 | ) | (431 | ) | ||||||||
Other interest expense |
(56 | ) | (56 | ) | (287 | ) | (295 | ) | ||||||||
Other income |
22 | 1 | 52 | 61 | ||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments |
15 | 23 | 73 | 35 | ||||||||||||
Loss from equity method investment in affiliate |
| (448 | ) | (1,284 | ) | (5,047 | ) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Other Expenses, net |
(16,515 | ) | (2,326 | ) | (13,484 | ) | (12,211 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net (loss) income before income tax |
(12,885 | ) | 949 | 3,804 | (5,012 | ) | ||||||||||
Income tax benefit (expense) |
251 | | | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (12,634 | ) | $ | 949 | $ | 3,804 | $ | (5,012 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest holders |
(2,175 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Net (Loss) attributable to controlling shareholders |
$ | (10,459 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per common share |
$ | (0.68 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings per common share |
$ | (0.68 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstandingbasic |
15,716,250 | |||||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstandingdiluted |
15,716,250 |
See accompanying notes.
HANNON ARMSTRONG SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
Year Ended
December 31, |
Three Months
Ended December 31, |
Years Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (12,634 | ) | $ | 949 | $ | 3,804 | $ | (5,012 | ) | ||||||
Unrealized (loss) income on residual assets |
(159 | ) | 19 | 217 | (79 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Comprehensive (loss) income |
$ | (12,793 | ) | $ | 968 | $ | 4,021 | $ | (5,091 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Less: Comprehensive (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests holders |
(2,350 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income attributable to controlling shareholders |
$ | (10,443 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
See accompanying notes
HANNON ARMSTRONG SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
Series A
Participating Preferred |
Common Stock |
Class A
Common |
Additional
Paid-in |
Retained |
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive |
Non-controlling | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Units | Shares | Amount | Units | Capital | Earnings | Income (Loss) | Interest | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2010 |
$ | 10,401 | $ | | $ | 38 | $ | | $ | 11,875 | $ | 115 | $ | | $ | 22,429 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
(5,012 | ) | (5,012 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (loss) on residual assets |
(79 | ) | | (79 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity-based compensation |
14 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions |
(1,067 | ) | (1,067 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2011 |
10,401 | | | 52 | | 5,796 | 36 | | 16,285 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
3,804 | 3,804 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on residual assets |
217 | | 217 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity-based compensation |
15 | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions |
(1,159 | ) | (1,159 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2012 |
10,401 | | | 67 | | 8,441 | 253 | | 19,162 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
949 | 949 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on residual assets |
19 | | 19 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Return of capital on preferred units |
(10,401 | ) | | (10,401 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity-based compensation |
2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions |
(3,880 | ) | (3,880 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2012 |
| | | 69 | | 5,510 | 272 | | 5,851 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
(10,459 | ) | | (2,175 | ) | (12,634 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (loss) on residual assets |
16 | (175 | ) | (159 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issue shares of common stock |
15,795 | 158 | (69 | ) | 157,892 | | | | 157,981 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity-based compensation |
| 6,885 | | 194 | 7,079 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Establishment of non-controlling interest |
|
(4,300 | ) | (1,981 | ) | (178 | ) | 6,459 | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance (repurchase) of vested equity-based compensation shares |
|
98 | 1 | (357 | ) | (10 | ) | (366 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends of $0.42 per share |
(6,934 | ) | (194 | ) | (7,128 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2013 |
$ | | 15,893 | $ | 159 | $ | | $ | 160,120 | $ | (13,864 | ) | $ | 110 | $ | 4,099 | $ | 150,624 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes
HANNON ARMSTRONG SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
Year Ended
December 31, |
Three Months
Ended December 31, |
Years Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (12,634 | ) | $ | 949 | $ | 3,804 | $ | (5,012 | ) | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: |
||||||||||||||||
Undistributed loss from equity method investment in affiliate |
| 448 | 1,284 | 5,047 | ||||||||||||
Provision for credit losses |
11,000 | | | | ||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on derivative instrument |
(15 | ) | (23 | ) | (73 | ) | (35 | ) | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization of intangibles |
340 | 105 | 440 | 431 | ||||||||||||
Equity-based compensation |
7,079 | 2 | 15 | 14 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred financing fees |
760 | | | | ||||||||||||
Noncash gain on securitizations and payment in kind income |
(390 | ) | (136 | ) | (53 | ) | (1,426 | ) | ||||||||
Amortization of servicing assets |
312 | 70 | 352 | 589 | ||||||||||||
Change in securitization residual assets |
6 | 87 | 128 | 1,145 | ||||||||||||
Changes in other assets and liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||
Financing receivables held-for-sale |
(16,444 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
498 | (2,638 | ) | 4,097 | 860 | |||||||||||
Other |
(1,264 | ) | (311 | ) | (259 | ) | (81 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities |
(10,752 | ) | (1,447 | ) | 9,735 | 1,532 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||||||||||
Purchases of financing receivables |
(155,992 | ) | (2,102 | ) | (103,284 | ) | (7,168 | ) | ||||||||
Principal collections from financing receivables |
68,537 | 6,285 | 51,478 | 22,602 | ||||||||||||
Purchases of investments |
(92,522 | ) | | (254 | ) | (1,011 | ) | |||||||||
Principal collections from investments |
558 | |
|
760
|
|
|
1,009
|
|
||||||||
Purchase of property and equipment |
(65 | ) | | (217 | ) | (52 | ) | |||||||||
Investment in equity method affiliate |
| (584 | ) | (3,337 | ) | (5,120 | ) | |||||||||
Distribution received from equity method affiliate |
| 443 | 14,294 | | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from (Advances to) affiliates |
| 8 | 65 | (8 | ) | |||||||||||
Change in restricted cash |
(49,810 | ) | 1,980 | 265 | (2,051 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(229,294 | ) | 6,030 | (40,230 | ) | 8,201 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from nonrecourse debt |
29,122 | 2,181 | 104,224 | 7,399 | ||||||||||||
Principal payments on nonrecourse debt |
(65,231 | ) | (6,511 | ) | (52,118 | ) | (23,111 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from credit facility |
131,000 | | | 4,000 | ||||||||||||
Principal payments on credit facility |
(57,974 | ) | (430 | ) | (2,296 | ) | (1,441 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from asset-backed nonrecourse notes |
100,000 | | | | ||||||||||||
Payments on deferred funding obligations |
(16,874 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
Payment of deferred financing costs |
(8,712 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
Net proceeds from issuance of equity |
160,031 | | | | ||||||||||||
Repurchase of common stock |
(366 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
Payment of dividends |
(6,934 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
Distributions on Series A Participating Preferred Units |
| (2,346 | ) | | (227 | ) | ||||||||||
Return of capital on Series A Participating Preferred Units |
| (10,401 | ) | | | |||||||||||
Distributions to non-controlling interest holders |
(194 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
263,868 | (17,507 | ) | 49,810 | (13,380 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
23,822 | (12,924 | ) | 19,315 | (3,647 | ) | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
8,024 | 20,948 | 1,633 | 5,280 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
$ | 31,846 | $ | 8,024 | $ | 20,948 | $ | 1,633 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Interest paid |
$ | 8,864 | $ | 2,051 | $ | 9,201 | $ | 9,737 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes
HANNON ARMSTRONG SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE CAPITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2013
1. The Company
Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. (Company) provides debt and equity financing for sustainable infrastructure projects that increase energy efficiency, provide cleaner energy sources, positively impact the environment or make more efficient use of natural resources. The Company and its subsidiaries are hereafter referred to as we, us, or our.
On April 23, 2013, we completed our initial public offering (IPO) of 13,333,333 shares of common stock priced at $12.50 per share. The common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol HASI. The net proceeds to us from the IPO were approximately $160.0 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and IPO and formation transaction costs of approximately $4.9 million, which amount includes net proceeds of approximately $9.5 million received by us upon the exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase an additional 818,356 shares of common stock on May 23, 2013.
Concurrently with the IPO, we completed a series of transactions, which are referred to as the formation transactions, that resulted in Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC (the Predecessor), the entity that operated the historical business prior to the consummation of the IPO, becoming an indirect subsidiary of the Company.
The significant elements of the formation transactions included the exchange by the existing owners of the Predecessor, directly or indirectly by merger or equity contribution, of their equity interests in the entities that owned the Predecessor for cash or shares of the Companys common stock or units of limited partner interest (OP units) in the Companys operating partnership and controlled subsidiary, Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure, L.P. (the Operating Partnership); and the repayment of a credit facility and the related swap discussed in Note 8.
We intend to operate our business to continue to be taxed as real estate investment trust (REIT) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes on our taxable income to the extent that we annually distribute all of our taxable income to stockholders and maintain our qualification as a REIT. We operate our business through, and serve as the sole general partner of, our Operating Partnership subsidiary which was formed to acquire and directly or indirectly own the Companys assets. We also intend to operate our business in a manner that will continue to permit us to maintain our exception from registration as an investment company under the 1940 Act.
To the extent any of the financial data included in this report is as of or from a period prior to April 23, 2013, such financial data is that of the Predecessor. The financial data for the Predecessor for such periods do not reflect the material changes to our business as a result of the capital raised in the IPO, including the broadened scope of projects targeted for financing, our enhanced financial structuring flexibility and our ability to retain a larger share of the economics from our origination activities. Accordingly, the financial data for the Predecessor is not necessarily indicative of the Companys results of operations, cash flows or financial position following the completion of the IPO and formation transactions.
Our and our subsidiaries principal business is providing or arranging financing of sustainable infrastructure projects. We finance our business through the use of our own capital and debt, the securitization of receivables and the use of nonrecourse debt. We also generate fee income for arranging financings that are held directly on the balance sheet of other investors, by providing broker/dealer or other financing related services to sustainable infrastructure project developers and by servicing our managed assets. Some of our subsidiaries are special purpose entities that are formed for specific operations associated with financing sustainable infrastructure receivables for specific long-term contracts.
Change in Year End
Our fiscal year-end changed from September 30 to December 31, effective January 1, 2013. As a result, our current fiscal year consists of the twelve months ended December 31, 2013. Our previous fiscal year ended September 30, 2012. Consequently, we have included results for the three-month transition period ended December 31, 2012 in the results of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders equity and cash flows as well as related notes. A comparative consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is presented in Note 16.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our company and its controlled subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
Following the guidance for non-controlling interests in Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 810, Consolidation , references in this report to our earnings per share and our net income and shareholders equity attributable to common shareholders do not include amounts attributable to non-controlling interests.
Use of Estimates
The consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders equity and cash flows for the periods presented. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from the estimates.
Financing Receivables
Financing receivables include financing sustainable infrastructure project loans, receivables and direct financing leases. We account for leases as direct financing leases in accordance with ASC 840, Leases .
Unless otherwise noted, we generally have the ability and intention to hold our financing receivables for the foreseeable future and thus they are classified as held for investment. Our intent and ability to hold certain loans may change from time to time depending on a number of factors, including economic, liquidity and capital conditions. A financing receivable held for investment represents the present value of the minimum note or lease payments, net of any unearned fee income, which is recognized as income over the term of the note or lease using the effective interest method. Financing receivables that are held for investment are carried at cost, net of unamortized acquisition premiums or discounts, loan fees, and origination and acquisition costs as applicable, unless the loans are deemed impaired. Financing receivables that we intend to sell in the short-term are classified as held-for-sale and are carried at the lower of amortized costs or fair value on our balance sheet. We may secure nonrecourse debt with the proceeds from our financing receivables.
We evaluate our financing receivables for potential delinquency, non-accrual or impairment on at least a quarterly basis and more frequently when economic or other conditions warrant such an evaluation. When a financing receivable becomes 90 days or more past due, and if we otherwise do not expect the debtor to be able to service all of its debt or other obligations, we will generally place the financing receivable on non-accrual status and cease recognizing income from that financing receivable until the borrower has demonstrated the ability and intent to pay contractual amounts due. If a financing receivables status significantly improves regarding the debtors ability to service the debt or other obligations, we will remove it from non-accrual status.
A financing receivable is considered impaired as of the date when, based on current information and events, it is determined that it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due from the borrower in accordance with the original contracted terms. Many of our financing receivables are secured by sustainable infrastructure
projects. Accordingly, we regularly evaluate the extent and impact of any credit deterioration associated with the performance and/or value of the underlying project, as well as the financial and operating capability of the borrower, its sponsors or the obligor as well as any guarantors. We consider a number of qualitative and quantitative factors in our assessment, including, as appropriate, a projects operating results, loan-to-value ratios and any cash reserves, the ability of expected cash from operations to cover the debt service requirements currently and into the future, key terms of the transaction, the ability of the borrower to refinance the loan, other credit support from the sponsor or guarantor and the projects collateral value. In addition, we consider the overall economic environment, the sustainable infrastructure sector, the effect of local, industry and broader economic factors and the historical and anticipated trends in interest rates, defaults and loss severities for similar transactions.
If a loan is considered to be impaired, we record an allowance to reduce the carrying value of the loan to the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loans contractual effective rate or the amount realizable from other contractual terms such as the currently estimated fair market value of the collateral less estimated selling costs, if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. We charge off loans against the allowance when we determine the unpaid principal balance is uncollectible, net of recovered amounts.
Investments
Investments include debt or equity securities that meet the criteria of ASC 320, InvestmentsDebt and Equity Securities . Unless otherwise noted, we intend to hold debt securities to maturity and thus carry these securities on the balance sheet at amortized cost basis, which is initially at cost plus any premiums or discounts that are amortized or accreted into investment interest income using the effective interest method. Debt securities that we do not intend to hold to maturity are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value on our balance sheet. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale debt securities are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders equity.
We evaluate our investments for other than temporary impairment (OTTI) on at least a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. Our OTTI assessment is a subjective process requiring the use of judgments and assumptions. Accordingly, we regularly evaluate the extent and impact of any credit deterioration associated with the financial and operating performance and/or value of the underlying project. We consider a number of qualitative and quantitative factors in our assessment. We first consider the current fair value of the security and the duration of any unrealized loss. Other factors considered include changes in the credit rating, performance of the underlying project, key terms of the transaction and support provided by the sponsor or guarantor.
To the extent that we have identified an OTTI for a security and intend to hold the investment to maturity and we do not expect that we will be required to sell the security prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis, we recognize only the credit component of OTTI in earnings. We determine the credit component using the difference between the securities amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash flows, discounted using the effective yield or its estimated collateral value. Any remaining unrealized loss due to factors other than credit, or the non-credit component, is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income.
To the extent we hold investments with an OTTI and if we have made the decision to sell the security or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis, we recognize the entire portion of the impairment in earnings.
Securitization of Receivables
During the year ended December 31, 2013 and the three months ended December 31, 2012, and the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, we transferred receivables in multiple securitization transactions. We have established various special purpose entities or securitization trusts for the purpose of securitizing certain financing receivables or other debt investments. We determined that the trusts used in securitizations are variable interest entities, as defined in ASC 810, Consolidation . We typically serve as primary or master servicer of these trusts; however, as the servicer, we do not have the power to make significant decisions impacting the performance of the trusts. Based on an analysis of the structure of the trusts, under U.S. GAAP, we have concluded that we are not the primary beneficiary of the trusts as we do not have power over the trusts significant activities. Therefore, we do not consolidate these trusts in our consolidated financial statements.
We account for transfers of financing receivables to these securitization trusts as sales pursuant to ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing , as the transferred receivables have been isolated from the transferor (i.e., put presumptively beyond the reach of the transferor and its creditors, even in bankruptcy or other receivership) and we have surrendered control over the transferred receivables. When we sell receivables in securitizations, we generally retain interests in the form of servicing rights and residual assets, which are carried on the consolidated balance sheets as securitization assets.
Gain or loss on sale of receivables is calculated based on the excess of the proceeds received from the securitization (less any transaction costs) plus any retained interests obtained over the cost basis of the receivables sold. We generally transfer the receivables to securitization trusts immediately upon the initial funding from the third party purchasing a beneficial interest in the trust. For retained interests, we generally estimate fair value based on the present value of future expected cash flows using our best estimates of the key assumptions of anticipated losses, prepayment rates, and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved.
As described above, we initially account for all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities at fair value as required under ASC 860. Under ASC 860-50, Transfers and ServicingServicing Assets and Liabilities , entities may either subsequently measure servicing assets and liabilities using the amortization method or the fair value measurement method and we have selected the amortization method to subsequently measure our servicing assets. We assess servicing assets for impairment at each reporting date. If the amortized cost of servicing assets is greater than the estimated fair value, we will recognize an impairment in net income.
Our other retained interest in securitized assets, the residual assets, are classified as available-for-sale securities and carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. We generally do not sell our residual assets. If we make an assessment that (i) we do not intend to sell the security or (ii) it is not likely we will be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery, changes in fair value, such as those resulting from changes in market interest yield requirements, are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. However, in the case where we do intend to sell our residual assets or if the fair value of our residual assets is below the current carrying amount and we determine that the decline is OTTI, any impairment charge would be recorded through the statement of operations. An OTTI is considered to have occurred when, based on current information and events, there has been an adverse change in the timing or amount of cash flows expected to be collected. The impairment is equal to the difference between the residual assets amortized cost basis and its fair value at the balance sheet date. In the case where there is any expected decline in the forecasted cash flows, such decline would be unlikely to reverse during the holding period of the retained assets and thus would be considered OTTI.
Servicing income is recognized as earned. Servicing assets are amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing income, and are periodically (including at December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012) assessed for impairment.
Interest income related to the residual assets is recognized using the effective interest rate method. If there is a change in expected cash flows related to the residual assets, we calculate a new yield based on the current amortized cost of the residual assets and the revised expected cash flows. This yield is used prospectively to recognize interest income.
Modifications to Debt
We evaluate any modifications to our debt in accordance with the applicable guidance in ASC 470-50, Debt Modifications and Extinguishments . If the debt instruments are substantially different, the modification is accounted for in the same manner as a debt extinguishment (i.e., a major modification) and the fees paid are recognized as expense at the time of the modification. Otherwise, such fees are deferred and amortized as an adjustment of interest expense over the remaining term of the modified debt instrument using the interest method.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012 include short-term government securities, certificates of deposit and money market funds, all of which had an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase. These securities are carried at their purchase price which approximates fair value.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash at December 31, 2013, and September 30, 2012, includes $49.9 million and $2.0 million, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents set aside with certain lenders primarily to support deferred funding and other obligations for specific projects and to satisfy the deposit requirements of the former credit facility outstanding as of September 30, 2012.
Intangible Assets and Goodwill
Intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the remaining estimated life, generally ranging from three to 15 years. The carrying amounts of intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when indicators of impairment are identified. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the undiscounted expected cash flows that are directly associated with the use and eventual disposition of the asset, an impairment charge is recognized to the extent the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value.
Goodwill represents the costs of business acquisitions in excess of the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired. We evaluate goodwill for potential impairment annually on September 30, or whenever impairment indicators are present. We perform a two-step goodwill impairment test to identify potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of goodwill impairment to be recognized, if any. First, we compare our fair value using our market capitalization based on the average market price relative to our current carrying value, including goodwill. If our fair value is in excess of the carrying value, the related goodwill is not impaired and no further analysis is necessary. If, however, our carrying value exceeds our fair value, there is an indication of potential impairment and a second step of testing is performed to measure the amount of impairment, if any. If our estimated fair value were to be less than our book value, the second step of the review process is performed to calculate the implied fair value of our goodwill in order to determine whether any impairment is required. The implied fair value of the goodwill is calculated by allocating our estimated fair value to all of our assets and liabilities as if we had been acquired in a business combination. If the carrying value of the goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, we recognize an impairment loss for that excess amount. We did not recognize any goodwill impairments in 2013, 2012 or 2011.
Variable Interest Entities and Equity Method Investment in Affiliate
We account for our investment in entities that are considered variable interest entities under ASC 810. We perform an ongoing assessment to determine the primary beneficiary of each entity as required by ASC 810. See Securitization of Receivables above.
The special purpose entities that are formed for the purpose of holding our financing receivables and investments on our balance sheet are designed by us and substantially all of the activities of these entities are closely associated with our activities. Based on our assessment, we determined that we have power over and receive the benefits of these special purpose entities; hence we are the primary beneficiary and should consolidate these entities under the provisions of ASC 810.
Prior to December 2012, the Predecessor had an equity method investment in affiliate that was accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The Predecessor determined this investment was a variable interest entity under ASC 810 over which it had the ability to exercise influence over operating and financial policies of the investee but it was not the primary beneficiary as it did not have the power to direct the most important decisions related to the most significant activities of the investment.
Under the equity method of accounting, the carrying value of our equity method investments is determined based on amounts we invested, adjusted for the equity in earnings or losses of investee allocated based on the partnership agreement, less distributions received. Because the partnership agreements contain preferences with
regard to cash flows from operations, capital events and/or liquidation, we reflect our share of profits and losses by determining the difference between our claim on the investees book value at the end and the beginning of the period. This claim is calculated as the amount we would receive (or be obligated to pay) if the investee were to liquidate all of its assets at recorded amounts determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP and distribute the resulting cash to creditors and investors in accordance with their respective priorities. This method is commonly referred to as the hypothetical liquidation at book value method. Intra-company gains and losses are eliminated for an amount equal to our interest and are reflected in the share in loss from equity method investment in affiliate in the consolidated statements of operations.
We evaluate the realization of our investment accounted for using the equity method if circumstances indicate that our investment is OTTI. OTTI impairment occurs when the estimated fair value of an investment is below the carrying value and the difference is determined to not be recoverable. This evaluation requires significant judgment regarding, but not limited to, the severity and duration of the impairment; the ability and intent to hold the securities until recovery; financial condition, liquidity, and near-term prospects of the issuer; specific events; and other factors. Based on an evaluation of our equity method investment, we determined that no impairment had occurred for the three months ended December 31, 2012 and the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 and we had no equity method investments for the year ended December 31, 2013.
Income Taxes
We intend to elect and qualify to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (REIT) under Section 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code, commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2013. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that we currently distribute at least 90% of our net taxable income, excluding capital gains, to our shareholders. We intend to meet the requirements for qualification as a REIT and to maintain such qualification. As a REIT, we are not subject to federal corporate income tax on that portion of net income that is currently distributed to our owners. However, our taxable REIT subsidiaries (TRS) will generally be subject to federal, state, and local income taxes as well as taxes of foreign jurisdictions, if any.
We account for income taxes of our TRS using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to the differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities from a change in tax rates is recognized in earnings in the period when the new rate is enacted.
Prior to the completion of the IPO, the Predecessor was taxed as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. No provision for federal or state income taxes has been made for the three months ended December 31, 2012 or for the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, since our profits and losses were reported on the Predecessors members tax returns.
We apply accounting guidance with respect to how uncertain tax positions should be recognized, measured, presented, and disclosed in the financial statements. This guidance requires the accounting and disclosure of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing our tax returns to determine whether the tax positions are more likely than not of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. We are required to analyze all open tax years, as defined by the statute of limitations, for all major jurisdictions, which includes federal and certain states. We have no examinations in progress, none are expected at this time, and years 2009 through 2012 are open. As of December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, we had no uncertain tax positions. Our policy is to recognize interest expense and penalties related to income tax matters as a component of other expense. There was no accrued interest and penalties as of December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, and no interest and penalties were recognized during the year ended December 31, 2013, the three months ended December 31, 2012, or the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.
Equity-Based Compensation
We recorded compensation expense for stock awards in accordance with ASC 718, CompensationStock Compensation , which requires that all equity-based payments to employees be recognized in the consolidated statements of operations based on their grant date fair values with the expense being recognized over the requisite service period.
Upon the completion of our IPO, we adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the 2013 Plan), which provides for grants of stock options, shares of restricted common stock, phantom shares, dividend equivalent rights, and long term incentive plan units (LTIP units) and other restricted limited partnership units issued by our Operating Partnership and other equity-based awards. From time to time, we may award non-vested restricted shares as compensation to members of our senior management team, our independent directors, advisors, consultants and other personnel under our 2013 Plan. The shares issued under this plan vest over a period of time as determined by the board of directors at the date of grant. We recognize compensation expense for non-vested shares that vest solely based on service conditions on a straight-line basis over the vesting period based upon the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant, adjusted for forfeitures.
Earnings Per Share
We compute earnings per share of common stock in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings Per Share . Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income attributable to controlling stockholders (after consideration of the earnings allocated to unvested shares of restricted common stock or restricted stock units) by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period excluding the weighted average number of unvested shares of restricted common stock or restricted stock units (participating securities as defined
in Note 14). Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income attributable to controlling stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period plus other potentially dilutive securities. No adjustment is made for shares that are anti-dilutive during a period.
Due to the capital structure of the Predecessor, earnings per share of common stock information has not been presented for historical periods prior to the IPO.
Membership Interests of Predecessor
At September 30, 2012, the membership interests of the Predecessor were represented by 15,601,077 authorized, issued and outstanding Series A Participating Preferred Units (Preferred Units) and 1,733,453 authorized, 1,200,000 outstanding Class A Common Units (Common Units). The Preferred Units had voting rights and a 10% compounded annual yield and the Common Units, which the Predecessor issued to certain employees in connection with an employee incentive plan, did not have voting rights. Distributions were permitted only at the discretion of the board of directors of the Predecessor with distributions on the Common Units prohibited until distributions on the Preferred Units reduced the Preferred Units capital and unpaid annual yield to zero which occurred in October 2012 when we made a return of capital of $10.4 million to the Preferred Units holders and paid $2.3 million of accrued distributions that reduced the Preferred Units capital and unpaid annual yield to zero. The Preferred Units remained outstanding without a mandatory dividend and were pari passu with the Common Units for future distributions.
In connection with the formation transaction described in Note 1, upon the completion of the IPO, the Preferred Units and Common Units were exchanged for our shares of common stock or OP units in the Operating Partnership, or for certain unit holders, were redeemed for cash.
Segment Reporting
We provide and arrange debt and equity financing for sustainable infrastructure projects and report all of our activities as one business segment.
3. Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value accounting guidance provides a three-level hierarchy for classifying financial instruments. The levels of inputs used to determine the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities carried on the balance sheet at fair value and for those which only disclosure of fair value is required are characterized in accordance with the fair value hierarchy established by ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements . Where inputs for a financial asset or liability fall in more than one level in the fair value hierarchy, the financial asset or liability is classified in its entirety based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of that financial asset or liability. We use our judgment and consider factors specific to the financial assets and liabilities in determining the significance of an input to the fair value measurements. At December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, only our residual assets and our investments held-for-sale and derivatives, if any, were carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets on a recurring basis. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
Level 1Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities.
Level 2Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but corroborated by market data.
Level 3Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available.
As of December 31, 2013 | ||||||||||||
Fair Value | Carrying Value | Level | ||||||||||
(amounts in millions) | ||||||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||
Financing receivables (1) |
$ | 346.4 | $ | 347.9 | Level 3 | |||||||
Investments |
92.0 | 92.0 | Level 3 | |||||||||
Financing receivables and investments held-for-sale |
28.0 | 28.0 | Level 3 | |||||||||
Residual assets |
4.9 | 4.9 | Level 3 | |||||||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||||
Credit facility |
77.1 | 77.1 | Level 3 | |||||||||
Nonrecourse debt |
167.1 | 159.8 | Level 3 | |||||||||
Asset-backed nonrecourse notes |
99.8 | 100.0 | Level 3 |
(1) | Financing receivables includes $0.8 million, which represents the net fair value of collateral related to an impaired loan. The allowance for loan losses included in the carrying value of the financing receivables was $11.0 million as of December 31, 2013. |
As of September 30, 2012 | ||||||||||||
Fair Value | Carrying Value | Level | ||||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||
Financing receivables |
$ | 213.1 | $ | 195.6 | Level 3 | |||||||
Residual assets |
4.6 | 4.6 | Level 3 | |||||||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||||
Credit facility |
4.6 | 4.6 | Level 3 | |||||||||
Nonrecourse debt |
218.2 | 200.3 | Level 3 |
Financing Receivables and Investments
The fair values of financing receivables and investments are measured using a discounted cash flow model and Level 3 unobservable inputs. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value determination of our financing receivables and investments are discount rates and interest rates in recent comparable transactions. Significant increases in discount rates and recent comparable transactions would result in a significantly lower fair value. Significant decreases in discount rates and recent comparable transactions in isolation would result in a significantly higher fair value.
Credit Facility
The fair values of the credit facility are determined using a discounted cash flow model and Level 3 unobservable inputs. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value determination of our credit facility are discount rates. Significant increases in discount rates would result in a significantly lower fair value. Significant decreases in discount rates in isolation would result in a significantly higher fair value.
Asset-Backed Nonrecourse Notes and Other Nonrecourse Debt
The fair values of our nonrecourse debt are determined using a discounted cash flow model and Level 3 inputs. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value determination of our nonrecourse debt are discount rates and interest rates in recent comparable transactions. Significant increases in discount rates would result in a significantly lower fair value. Significant decreases in discount rates and recent comparable transactions in isolation would result in a significantly higher fair value.
Residual Assets
At December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, we had residual assets, which are included in the securitization assets line item in the consolidated balance sheets, relating to our retained interests in securitized receivables. Due to the lack of actively traded market data, the valuation of these residual assets was based on Level 3 unobservable inputs. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of our residual assets are estimated securitization cash flows, potential default rates and comparable transactions in related assets of public companies. The observable inputs include published U.S government interest rates. The discount rates considered, based on observations of market participants on other government-issued securitization transactions, range from 7% to 15%. Based on the high credit quality of the obligors under our underlying assets and our estimates of potential default and prepayment rates, we have used discount rates of 8% to 10% to determine the fair market value of our residual assets. Significant increases in U.S. Treasury rates or default and prepayment rates would, in isolation, result in a significantly lower fair value measurement. See Note 5 regarding servicing assets and the residual asset sensitivity analysis.
The following table reconciles the beginning and ending balances for our Level 3 three assets carried at fair value which consists of our residual assets, (amounts in thousands):
Years Ended | ||||||||
December 31,
2013 |
September 30,
2012 |
|||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 4,638 | $ | 4,531 | ||||
Accretion |
473 | 503 | ||||||
Additions (reclassifications) |
390 | (22 | ) | |||||
Collections |
(479 | ) | (631 | ) | ||||
Unrealized (loss) gain on residual assets |
(159 | ) | 216 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 4,863 | $ | 4,597 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Derivatives
As of December 31, 2013, we did not have any outstanding derivatives on our balance sheet. At September 30, 2012, we had an interest rate swap and an interest rate cap relating to the Predecessors credit facility. The total fair value of the interest rate swap and interest rate cap was $(0.1 million) at September 30, 2012. During the year ended September 30, 2012, an unrealized gain on derivatives of $0.1 million was recorded in net income in the consolidated statements of operations. The valuation was based on Level 2 inputs primarily determined based on the present value of future cash flows using model-derived valuations that use observable inputs such as interest rates and credit spreads. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of our interest rate swap and interest rate cap are interest rates. Significant increases in interest rates would result in lower unrealized losses on our interest rate swap and cap while decreases in interest rates would result in higher unrealized losses on our interest rate swap and cap.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk are principally cash and cash equivalents. At December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, we had cash deposits held in U.S. banks of $81.7 million and $23.0 million, respectively. Included in these balances are $80.3 million and $21.3 million in bank deposits, respectively, in excess of amounts federally insured.
Financing receivables, direct financing leases and investments consist of primarily U.S. government-backed receivables, investment grade state and local government receivables and receivables from various sustainable infrastructure projects and do not, in our view, represent a significant concentration of credit risk. See Note 6 for an analysis by type of obligor.
4. Non-Controlling Interest
Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated Entities
We consolidate our Operating Partnership. Interests in the Operating Partnership represented by OP units that are owned by other limited partners are included in non-controlling interest on our consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2013, the Operating Partnership had 16,954,117 OP units outstanding, of which 97.3% were owned by us and 2.7% were owned by other limited partners. The outstanding OP units held by outside limited partners are redeemable for cash, or at our option, for a like number of shares of our common stock.
In January 2014, we agreed to not exercise our right under the Operating Partnership agreement to deliver shares of our common stock in lieu of cash upon a request for redemption of OP units held by limited partners and instead we will redeem such OP units for cash until such time that we have an effective registration statement covering the OP units held by certain limited partners. As a result, we will report the non-controlling interest outside of equity beginning January 1, 2014.
The following is an analysis of the controlling and non-controlling interest from April 23, 2013, the date of the IPO, to December 31, 2013 (amounts in thousands):
Controlling
Interest |
Non-Controlling
Interest Holders |
Total | ||||||||||
Equity immediately after IPO (1) |
$ | 161,838 | $ | | $ | 161,838 | ||||||
Establishment of non-controlling interest during formation transaction |
(4,407 | ) | 4,407 | | ||||||||
Loss attributable to interest holders |
(10,459 | ) | (294 | ) | (10,753 | ) | ||||||
Equity-based compensation |
6,885 | 194 | 7,079 | |||||||||
Distributions |
(6,934 | ) | (194 | ) | (7,128 | ) | ||||||
Issuance (repurchase) of vested equity-based shares and other adjustments post-IPO |
(414 | ) | (14 | ) | (428 | ) | ||||||
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income |
16 | | 16 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total Equity - December 31, 2013 |
$ | 146,525 | $ | 4,099 | $ | 150,624 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Amount includes net proceeds of approximately $9.5 million received by us upon the exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase an additional 818,356 shares of common stock on May 23, 2013. |
Allocation of Profit and Loss and Cash Distributions prior to April 23, 2013
All profits, losses and cash distributions of the Predecessor were allocated based on the percentages as follows:
Prior to | Three months ended | Years ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
April 23, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||
MissionPoint HA Parallel Fund, L.P. |
70 | % | 70 | % | 75 | % | 75 | % | ||||||||
Jeffrey W. Eckel, Chief Executive Officer |
18 | % | 18 | % | 20 | % | 20 | % | ||||||||
Other management and employees of the Predecessor |
12 | % | 12 | % | 5 | % | 5 | % |
Upon the completion of the IPO, the Preferred Units and Common Units were exchanged for shares of our common stock or OP units in the Operating Partnership, or for certain unit holders, were redeemed for cash.
5. Securitization of Receivables
We sold financing receivables in securitization transactions, recognizing gains of $5.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, as compared to $3.9 million and $4.0 million for the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. For the three months ended December 31, 2012, we sold financing receivables in securitization transactions and recognized a gain of $2.5 million. In connection with securitization transactions, we retained servicing responsibilities and residual assets. In certain instances, we receive annual servicing fees ranging from 0.05% to 0.20% of the outstanding balance. The investors and the securitization trusts have no recourse to our other assets for failure of debtors to pay when due. Our residual assets are subordinate to investors interests, and their values are subject to credit, prepayment and interest rate risks on the transferred financial assets.
As of December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, the fair values of retained interests, discount rates used in valuing those interests and the sensitivity to an increase in the discount rates of 5% and 10% were as follows (amounts in thousands):
December 31, 2013 | ||||||||
Servicing | Residual Assets | |||||||
Amortized cost basis |
$ | 1,281 | $ | 4,750 | ||||
Fair value |
$ | 1,407 | $ | 4,863 | ||||
Weighted-average life in years |
8 | 6 to 19 | ||||||
Discount rate |
8 | % | 8% to 10 | % | ||||
Fair value that would be decreased based on hypothetical adverse changes in discount rates: |
||||||||
5% change in discount rate |
$ | 255 | $ | 1,194 | ||||
10% change in discount rate |
$ | 418 | $ | 1,842 |
September 30, 2012 | ||||||||
Servicing | Residual Assets | |||||||
Amortized cost basis |
$ | 1,636 | $ | 4,344 | ||||
Fair value |
$ | 1,752 | $ | 4,597 | ||||
Weighted-average life in years |
8 | 7 to 18 | ||||||
Discount rate |
8 | % | 8% to 10 | % | ||||
Fair value that would be decreased based on hypothetical adverse changes in discount rates: |
||||||||
5% change in discount rate |
$ | 316 | $ | 1,215 | ||||
10% change in discount rate |
$ | 524 | $ | 1,887 |
In computing gains and losses on securitizations, the discount rates were consistent with the discount rates presented in the above table. Based on the nature of the receivables and experience-to-date, we do not currently expect to incur any credit losses on the receivables sold.
The following is an analysis of certain cash flows between us and the securitization trusts (amounts in thousands):
Year ended | Three months ended | Years ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
December 31, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||
Purchase of receivables securitized |
$ | 260,115 | $ | 57,056 | $ | 142,045 | $ | 116,493 | ||||||||
Proceeds from securitizations |
$ | 265,712 | $ | 59,590 | $ | 145,957 | $ | 120,518 | ||||||||
Servicing fees received |
$ | 581 | $ | 137 | $ | 689 | $ | 794 | ||||||||
Cash received from residual assets |
$ | 479 | $ | 215 | $ | 631 | $ | 1,401 |
As of December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, our managed receivables totaled $2.1 billion and $1.6 billion, of which $1.6 billion and $1.4 billion were securitized, respectively. There were no securitization credit losses in 2013, 2012 or 2011, and no material securitization delinquencies as of December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012.
6. Financing Receivables and Investments
The financing receivables and investments are typically collateralized contractually committed debt obligations of government entities or private high credit quality obligors and are often supported by additional forms of credit enhancement, including security interests and supplier guaranties. The following is an analysis of financing receivables and investments by type of obligor and credit quality as of December 31, 2013.
Investment Grade | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Federal (1) |
State, Local,
Institutions (2) |
Commercial
Externally Rated (3) |
Commercial
Rated Internally (4) |
Commercial
Other (5) |
Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in millions, except for percentage) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financing receivables |
$ | 229.8 | $ | 73.3 | $ | | $ | 43.9 | $ | 0.8 | $ | 347.8 | ||||||||||||
Investments |
| | 76.9 | | 15.1 | 92.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Financing receivables and investments held-for-sale |
24.8 | | | | 3.2 | 28.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 254.6 | $ | 73.3 | $ | 76.9 | $ | 43.9 | $ | 19.1 | $ | 467.8 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
% of Total Portfolio |
55 | % | 16 | % | 16 | % | 9 | % | 4 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||||
Average Remaining Balance (6) |
$ | 10.9 | $ | 24.4 | $ | 25.6 | $ | 21.9 | $ | 9.2 | $ | 14.0 |
(1) | Transactions where the ultimate obligor is the Federal Government. Transactions may have guaranties of energy savings from third party service providers, the majority of which are investment grade rated entities. Included in this category are transactions totaling $17.7 million where $1.3 million of payments has been delayed more than 90 days due to a change in a government payment processing system. The payments were made in the first quarter of 2014. The entire balance is considered collectable. |
(2) | Transactions where the ultimate obligors are state or local governments or institutions such as hospitals or universities where the obligors are rated investment grade (either by an independent rating agency or based upon our credit analysis). Transactions may have guaranties of energy savings from third party service providers, the majority of which are investment grade rated entities. |
(3) | Transactions where the projects or the ultimate obligors are commercial entities that have been rated investment grade by one or more independent rating agencies. This includes an investment grade rated debt security with a carrying value of $37.0 million that matures in 2035 whose obligor is an entity whose ultimate parent is Berkshire Hathaway Inc. and an investment grade rated debt security with a carrying value of $35.0 million that matures in 2033 whose obligor is an entity whose ultimate parent is Exelon Corporation. In each case, the carrying value approximates the estimated fair value. |
(4) | Transactions where the projects or the ultimate obligors are commercial entities that have been rated investment grade using our internal credit analysis. |
(5) | Transactions where the projects or the ultimate obligors are commercial entities that have ratings below investment grade either by an independent rating agency or using our internal credit analysis. Financing receivables are net of an allowance for credit losses of $11.0 million. Investments include a senior debt investment of $15.1 million on a wind project that is being acquired by NRG Energy, Inc. |
(6) | Average Remaining Balance excludes 14 transactions each with outstanding balances that are less than $1.0 million and that in the aggregate total $5.5 million. |
The components of financing receivables of December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, were as follows (amounts in thousands):
December 31,
2013 |
September 30,
2012 |
|||||||
Financing receivables |
||||||||
Financing or minimum lease payments (1) |
$ | 504,688 | $ | 254,465 | ||||
Unearned interest income |
(142,366 | ) | (54,182 | ) | ||||
Allowance for credit losses |
(11,000 | ) | | |||||
Unearned fee income, net of initial direct costs |
(3,451 | ) | (4,701 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Financing receivables (1) |
$ | 347,871 | $ | 195,582 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Excludes $24.8 million in financing receivables held-for-sale at December 31, 2013 |
The following table provides a summary of our anticipated maturity dates of our financing receivables and investments for each range of maturities as of December 31, 2013:
Total |
Less than 1
year |
1-5 years | 5-10 years |
More than 10
years |
||||||||||||||||
Financing Receivables (1) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Payment due by period (in thousands) |
$ | 358,871 | $ | 924 | $ | 114,628 | $ | 7,470 | $ | 235,849 | ||||||||||
Investments (1) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Payment due by period (in thousands) |
$ | 91,964 | $ | | $ | 15,101 | $ | | $ | 76,863 |
(1) | Excludes financing receivables held-for-sale of $24.8 million and investments available-for-sale of $3.2 million that were purchased in December 2013 and sold in the three month period ended March 31, 2014. Financing receivables also excludes allowance for credit losses of $11.0 million. |
Investments consist of debt securities that are classified as held-to-maturity and thus recorded at their amortized cost as of December 31, 2013. There were no investments in an unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2013. There were no investments as of September 30, 2012.
As of December 31, 2013, we held financing receivables and a debt security that were held-for-sale and sold in the first quarter of 2014. The financing receivables, which matured in 2032 and 2037, and the investment, which matures in 2018, were recorded at cost that approximated their fair value of $24.8 million and $3.2 million, respectively, and were classified as held-for-sale as of December 31, 2013. As of September 30, 2012, there were no financing receivables or investments held for sale.
In accordance with the terms of certain financing receivables purchase agreements, payments of the purchase price is scheduled to be made over time, generally within twelve months of entering into the transaction, and as a result, we have recorded deferred funding obligations of $74.7 million as of December 31, 2013. We have $49.9 million in restricted cash as of December 31, 2013 that will be used to pay these funding obligations. As of September 30, 2012, we did not have any deferred funding obligations or related restricted cash amounts.
In May 2013, we made a $24 million mezzanine loan priced at 15.22% to a wholly owned subsidiary of EnergySource LLC (EnergySource) to be used for a geothermal project. As previously disclosed, it was determined that additional time and equity funding would be required to complete the projects development. EnergySource subsequently developed a revised project business plan and budget and was negotiating third party approvals. In connection with the development of the revised business plan, on December 30, 2013, we agreed to amend the loan agreement whereby approximately $14 million was repaid in cash. The remaining outstanding balance of $11.8 million has a rate of interest of 15.22% due quarterly in cash. The loans average outstanding balance for the year ended December 31, 2013 was $24.7 million. Total interest income accrued and collected in cash on the loan for the year ended December 31, 2013 was $2.4 million. As previously disclosed, certain of our executive officers and directors own an indirect minority interest in EnergySource following the distribution of the Predecessors ownership interest prior to our IPO.
We recently became aware that the projects equity holders (who have already contributed an estimated $31 million in the project) presently do not plan to continue to fund the additional equity investments called for in the revised business plan and required for the project to move forward. As a result, we believe the probability of repayment of the loan in accordance with our contractual terms is in doubt and thus we concluded that the loan is impaired, requiring us to establish an allowance for credit loss of $11 million against the loan as of December 31, 2013. The project is considered a variable interest entity and the maximum exposure to loss is the net balance of $0.8 million which represents our current estimate of the realizable sale value of tangible project assets. We are assessing various options intended to allow us to recover the balance of the loan.
We had no other financing receivables or investments on nonaccrual status at December 31, 2013. There was no allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2012, or provision for credit losses for the three months ended December 31, 2012 or for the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011. We evaluate any modifications to our financing receivables in accordance with the guidance in ASC 310, Receivables . We evaluate modifications of financing receivables to determine if the modification is more than minor, whereby any related fees, such as prepayment fees, would be recognized in income at the time of the modification. We did not have any loan modifications that qualify as trouble debt restructurings for the years ended December 31, 2013, September 30, 2012, and 2011, or for the three months ended December 31, 2012.
7. Intangible Assets and Goodwill
In connection with a business purchase combination, which occurred in May 2007, we recorded intangible assets of $5.1 million to be amortized over their estimated useful life and goodwill of $3.8 million. Management tests our goodwill annually and has determined that our estimated fair value exceeds our book value at September 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, and that goodwill is not impaired. At December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012, the intangible assets consisted of:
December 31, 2013 | September 30, 2012 | |||||||
(Amounts in Thousands) | ||||||||
Amortizable intangible assets: |
||||||||
Trade names (15 year estimated life) |
$ | 2,180 | $ | 2,180 | ||||
Noncompetition agreements (3 year estimated life) |
1,158 | 1,158 | ||||||
Customer relationships (6 year estimated life) |
891 | 891 | ||||||
Securitization structuring costs (15 year estimated life) |
860 | 860 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total amortizable intangible assets (at initial value) |
5,089 | 5,089 | ||||||
Accumulated amortization |
(3,383 | ) | (3,031 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net intangible assets |
$ | 1,706 | $ | 2,058 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Future amortization expenses related to amortizable intangible assets at December 31, 2013 are as follows:
Year Ending December 31, |
(Amounts in Thousands) | |||
2014 |
203 | |||
2015 |
203 | |||
2016 |
203 | |||
2017 |
203 | |||
2018 |
203 | |||
Thereafter |
691 | |||
|
|
|||
$ | 1,706 | |||
|
|
8. Credit Facilities
In 2013, we entered into a $350.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility through newly-created, wholly-owned special purpose subsidiaries (the Borrowers). The terms of the credit facility are set forth in the Loan Agreement (G&I) (the G&I Loan Agreement) and the Loan Agreement (PF) (the PF Loan Agreement, and together with the G&I Loan Agreement, the Loan Agreements) and provide for senior secured revolving credit facilities with total maximum advances of $700.0 million (i) in the case of the G&I Loan Agreement, in the principal amount of $200 million to be used to leverage certain qualifying government and institutional financings entered into by us, with maximum total advances (without giving effect to prepayments or repayments) of $400 million, and (ii) in the case of the PF Loan Agreement, in the principal amount of $150 million to be used to leverage certain qualifying project financings entered into by us, with maximum total advances (without giving effect to prepayments or repayments) of $300 million. We, together with certain of our subsidiaries, have guaranteed the obligations of the Borrowers under each of the Loan Agreements pursuant to (x) a Continuing Guaranty dated July 19, 2013, and (y) a Limited Guaranty dated July 19, 2013. The scheduled termination date of the Loan Agreements is July 19, 2018. Loans under the G&I Loan Agreement bear interest at a rate equal to the London Interbank Offer Rate (LIBOR) plus 1.50% or, under certain circumstances, the Federal Funds Rate plus 1.50%. Loans under the PF Loan Agreement bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.50% or, under certain circumstances, the Federal Funds Rate plus 2.50% or a specifically negotiated rate on certain loans as approved by the administrative agent.
Any financing we proposed to be included in the borrowing base as collateral under the Loan Agreements will be subject to the approval of the administrative agent in its sole discretion. The amount eligible to be drawn under the Loan Agreements for purposes of financing such investments will be based on a discount to the value of each investment or an applicable valuation percentage. Under the G&I Loan Agreement, the applicable valuation percentage for non-delinquent investments is 80% in the case of a U.S. Federal Government obligor, 75% in the case of an institutional obligor or a state and local obligor, and with respect to other obligors or in certain circumstances, such other percentage as the administrative agent may prescribe. Under the PF Loan Agreement, the applicable valuation percentage is 67% or such other percentage as the administrative agent may prescribe. The sum of approved financings after taking into account the valuation percentages and any changes in the valuation of the financings in accordance with the Loan Agreement determines the borrowing capacity, subject to the overall facility limits described above.
We had outstanding borrowings under our credit facilities of $77.1 million as of December 31, 2013. We pledged $114.3 million of financing receivables as collateral for the credit facility as of December 31, 2013. We incurred approximately $8.6 million of costs associated with the Loan Agreements that have been capitalized (included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets) and will be amortized on a straight-line basis over a 60 month period from July 2013. On each monthly payment date, the Borrowers shall also pay to the administrative agent, for the benefit of the lenders, certain availability fees for each Loan Agreement equal to 0.50%, divided by 360, multiplied by the excess of the available borrowing capacity under each Loan Agreement over the actual amount borrowed under such Loan Agreement.
Each Loan Agreement contains terms, conditions, covenants, and representations and warranties that are customary and typical for a transaction of this nature. The Loan Agreements contain various affirmative and negative covenants, and limitations on the incurrence of liens and indebtedness, investments, fundamental organizational changes, dispositions, changes in the nature of business, transactions with affiliates, use of proceeds and stock repurchases.
Each Loan Agreement also includes customary events of default, including for the existence of a default in more than 50% of underlying financings. The occurrence of an event of default may result in termination of the Loan Agreements, acceleration of amounts due under both Loan Agreements, and accrual of default interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 2.50% in the case of the G&I Loan Agreement and at a rate of LIBOR plus 5.00% in the case of the PF Loan Agreement.
The Loan Agreements require that we maintain the following covenants:
Covenant |
Covenant Threshold | |||
Minimum Liquidity (defined as available borrowings under the Loan Agreements plus unrestricted cash divided by actual borrowings) of greater than: |
5 | % | ||
12 month rolling Net Interest Margin (starting June, 2014) of greater than: |
$ | 0 | ||
Maximum Debt to Equity Ratio of less than: |
4 to 1 |
We were in compliance with the financial covenants of the Loan Agreements at each reporting date that such covenants were applicable. For purposes of the Maximum Debt to Equity ratio, debt is defined as total indebtedness excluding accounts payable and accrued expenses and nonrecourse debt.
We repaid our Predecessors credit facility and a related interest rate swap and cap in April 2013 from the proceeds of the IPO. The facility had a balance of $4.6 million as of September 30, 2012. The interest rate swap was not designated as a hedging instrument under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging and was recorded in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2012. Interest paid under the facility was $0.3 million for the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.
9. Nonrecourse Debt
Asset-Backed Nonrecourse Notes
In December 2013, through certain of our subsidiaries, we issued in a private placement $100.0 million of nonrecourse Asset-Backed Notes (the Notes) with a fixed interest rate of 2.79%. The Notes mature in December 2019 and are secured by $109.5 million of on-balance sheet financing receivables. The Noteholders can only look to the cash flows of the pledged financing receivables to satisfy the Notes and we are not liable for nonpayment by the obligor of the financing receivables securing these Notes. As of December 31, 2013, we had $100.1 million of Notes outstanding. Upon maturity, the Notes are anticipated to have an outstanding debt balance of approximately $57 million. The Notes may be prepaid prior to December 2018, with a make whole payment calculated using a discount rate equal to the comparable-maturity treasury yield plus 50 basis points. Thereafter the notes are repayable at par. At maturity, we will have the option to rollover the remaining debt with a mutually agreed term and rate or repay the outstanding balance.
We incurred approximately $0.2 million of costs associated with the issuance of the Notes that have been capitalized (included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets) and will be amortized using the effective interest method over a 72 month period from December 2013.
Other Nonrecourse Debt
We have other nonrecourse debt that was used to finance certain of our financing receivables for the term of the financing receivable. Amounts due under nonrecourse notes are secured by financing receivables with a carrying value of $156.4 million as of December 31, 2013 and there is no recourse to our general assets. Debt service payment requirements, in a majority of cases, are equal to or less than the cash flows received from the underlying financing receivables.
An analysis of other nonrecourse debt by interest rate as of December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2012 is as follows (amounts in thousands):
December 31, 2013 |
Balance | Maturity | ||||||
Fixed-rate promissory notes, interest rates from 2.06% to 5.00% per annum |
$ | 66,089 | 2014 to 2032 | |||||
Fixed-rate promissory notes, interest rates from 5.01% to 6.50% per annum |
68,862 | 2014 to 2031 | ||||||
Fixed-rate promissory notes, interest rates from 6.51% to 8.00% per annum |
24,892 | 2015 to 2031 | ||||||
|
|
|||||||
Other nonrecourse debt |
$ | 159,843 | ||||||
|
|
September 30, 2012 |
Balance | Maturity | ||||||
Fixed-rate promissory notes, interest rates from 2.26% to 5.00% per annum |
$ | 81,869 | 2014 to 2032 | |||||
Fixed-rate promissory notes, interest rates from 5.01% to 6.50% per annum |
88,728 | 2013 to 2031 | ||||||
Fixed-rate promissory notes, interest rates from 6.51% to 8.00% per annum |
29,686 | 2013 to 2031 | ||||||
|
|
|||||||
Other nonrecourse debt |
$ | 200,283 | ||||||
|
|
The stated minimum maturities of nonrecourse debt at December 31, 2013 were as follows:
Nonrecourse Debt | ||||||||||||
Year Ending December 31, |
Asset Backed
Nonrecourse Notes |
Other Nonrecourse
Debt |
Total | |||||||||
(amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||
2014 |
$ | 8,690 | $ | 31,556 | $ | 40,246 | ||||||
2015 |
8,116 | 39,541 | 47,657 | |||||||||
2016 |
8,079 | 16,024 | 24,103 | |||||||||
2017 |
8,383 | 13,486 | 21,869 | |||||||||
2018 |
4,650 | 6,817 | 11,467 | |||||||||
Thereafter |
62,163 | 52,419 | 114,582 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
$ | 100,081 | $ | 159,843 | $ | 259,924 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
10. Defined Contribution Plan
We administer a 401(k) savings plan, a defined contribution plan covering substantially all of our employees. Employees in the plan may contribute up to the maximum annual IRS limit before taxes via payroll deduction. Under the plan, we provide a dollar for dollar match for the first 3% of the employees contributions and a $0.50 per dollar match for the next 2% of employee contributions. We contributed $0.2 million, $0.1 million, and $0.1 million under the plan for the years ended December 31, 2013, September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
11. Commitments and Contingencies
Leases
We leased office space under an operating lease that commenced in December 2001 and expired in December 2011. In July 2011, we entered into a lease for new office space at another location that commenced in December 2011 and expires in March 2022. Both leases provide for operating expense reimbursements and annual escalations that are amortized over the respective lease terms on a straight-line basis. Lease payments under the December 2001 lease ceased in December 2011 while lease payments under the July 2011 lease commenced in March 2012. In October 2013, we expanded our office space under the July 2011 office space lease. At a satellite office, we leased office space under an operating lease that commenced in February 2012 and expires in January 2014.
Rent expense charged to operations was $0.3 million, $0.3 million and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, September 30, 2012, and 2011, respectively. For the three months ended December 31, 2012, rent expense charged to operations was $0.1 million.
Future gross minimum lease payments are as follows:
Year Ending December 31, |
(Amounts in Thousands) | |||
2014 |
$ | 306 | ||
2015 |
384 | |||
2016 |
407 | |||
2017 |
419 | |||
2018 |
432 | |||
Thereafter |
1,492 | |||
|
|
|||
$ | 3,440 | |||
|
|
Litigation
We are not currently subject to any legal proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
12. Income Tax
We intend to elect and qualify to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (REIT) under Section 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code, commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2013. As a REIT, we are not subject to federal corporate income tax on that portion of net income that is currently distributed to our owners. However, our taxable REIT subsidiaries (TRS) will generally be subject to federal, state, and local income taxes. Prior to the completion of the IPO, the Predecessor was taxed as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
We recorded a tax benefit of $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, related to the activities of our TRS. The tax benefit was determined using a federal rate of 35% and a combined state rate of 5%.
The components of the income tax benefit are as follows (amounts in thousands):
Year ended
December 31, 2013 |
||||
Federal |
$ | 219 | ||
State |
32 | |||
|
|
|||
Total net tax benefit |
$ | 251 | ||
|
|
We recorded a deferred tax liability of $1.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, related to the activities of our TRS. Deferred income taxes represent the tax effect from continuing operations of the differences between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets (liabilities) include the following (amounts in thousands):
Year ended
December 31, 2013 |
||||
Financing receivable basis difference |
$ | (2,982 | ) | |
|
|
|||
Gross deferred tax liabilities |
(2,982 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards |
960 | |||
Equity-based compensation |
223 | |||
|
|
|||
Gross deferred tax assets |
1,183 | |||
|
|
|||
Net deferred tax liabilities |
$ | (1,799 | ) | |
|
|
The ability to carryforward the NOL of approximately $1.0 million will begin to expire in 2026 for federal tax purposes and during the period from 2016 to 2026 for state tax purposes if not utilized. If our TRS entities were to experience a change in control as defined in Section 382 of the Code, the TRSs ability to utilize NOL in the years after the change in control would be limited.
No provision for federal or state income taxes has been made for the three months ended December 31, 2012 or for the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, since our profits and losses were reported on the Predecessors members tax returns.
For federal income tax purposes, the cash dividends paid for the year ended December 31, 2013 are characterized as follows:
Year ended
December 31, 2013 |
||||
Common distributions |
||||
Ordinary income |
63.7 | % | ||
Return of capital |
36.3 | % | ||
|
|
|||
100.0 | % | |||
|
|
As our aggregate distributions paid in 2013 exceeded our 2013 taxable earnings and profits, the January 2014 distribution declared in the fourth quarter of 2013 and payable to shareholders of record as of December 30, 2013 will be treated as a 2014 distribution for Federal income tax purposes and is not included in the tax characterization shown above.
13. Equity
Dividends and Distributions
Our board of directors declared the following dividends in 2013:
Announced Date |
Record Date | Pay Date | Amount per share | |||||||||
8/8/13 |
8/20/13 | 8/29/13 | $ | 0.06 | ||||||||
11/7/13 |
11/18/13 | 11/22/13 | $ | 0.14 | ||||||||
12/17/13 |
12/30/13 | 1/10/14 | $ | 0.22 |
Equity Incentive Plan
We recorded compensation expense for stock awards in accordance with ASC 718, CompensationStock Compensation , which requires that all equity-based payments to employees be recognized in the consolidated statements of operations based on their grant date fair values with the expense being recognized over the requisite service period.
Upon the completion of our IPO, we adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the 2013 Plan), which provides for grants of stock options, shares of restricted common stock, phantom shares, dividend equivalent rights, and long term incentive plan units (LTIP units) and other restricted limited partnership units issued by our Operating Partnership and other equity-based awards. From time to time, we may award non-vested restricted shares as compensation to members of our senior management team, our independent directors, advisors, consultants and other personnel under our 2013 Plan. The shares issued under this plan vest over a period of time as determined by the board of directors at the date of grant. We recognize compensation expense for non-vested shares that vest solely based on service conditions on a straight-line basis over the vesting period based upon the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant, adjusted for forfeitures.
Reallocation of the Predecessors Membership Units
Concurrently with the IPO, the existing owners of the Predecessor reallocated and distributed a portion of their equity ownership to the employees of the Predecessor and the employees received 202,826 shares of common stock, 128,348 restricted stock units and 135,938 OP units. This reallocation is accounted for as equity-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation Stock Compensation, with equity award valuations based on the IPO price of $12.50 per share. As the shares of common stock, restricted stock units and OP units were immediately vested, we recorded compensation expense related to these awards of $5.8 million on April 23, 2013. No tax benefits have been recorded related to this reallocation. The restricted stock units, net of applicable federal and state taxes withheld, were converted to common shares in November 2013.
Awards of Shares of Restricted Common Stock
On April 23, 2013, we granted, under the 2013 Plan, 606,415 shares of restricted common stock at a grant-date fair value of $12.50 per share, which vest each anniversary in equal annual installments over a four-year period. The board of directors determines the vesting period for such shares at the date of grant. For shares issued, we recognize compensation expense for non-vested shares of restricted common stock on a straight-line basis over the vesting period based upon the fair market value of the shares on the date of issuance, adjusted for forfeitures. The calculation of the compensation expense assumes a forfeiture rate up to 5%.
For the period from April 23, 2013 through December 31, 2013, we recorded $7.1 million of equity-based compensation expense, including the compensation expense associated with the reallocation of the Predecessors membership units described above. The total unrecognized compensation expense related to awards of shares of restricted common stock subject to a vesting schedule, considering estimated forfeitures, is $5.9 million as of December 31, 2013, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average term of approximately two years. No equity-based compensation shares vested in 2013.
A summary of the non-vested shares of restricted common stock as of December 31, 2013 is as follows:
Restricted Shares of
Common Stock |
Value (000s) | |||||||
Beginning Balance - April 23, 2013 |
606,415 | $ | 7,580 | |||||
Granted |
10,800 | $ | 134 | |||||
Vested |
| $ | | |||||
Forfeited |
(18,400 | ) | $ | (230 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ending Balance December 31, 2013 |
598,815 | $ | 7,484 | |||||
|
|
|
|
14. Earnings per Share of Common Stock
Net income or loss figures are presented net of income or loss attributable to the non-controlling OP unit interests in the earnings per share calculations. The limited partners outstanding OP units have also been excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation attributable to common stockholders as there would be no effect on the amounts since the limited partners share of income would also be added back to net income. The weighted average number of OP units held by the non-controlling interest was 461,614 for the year ended December 31, 2013.
Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. Any shares of common stock which, if included in the diluted earnings per share calculation, would have an anti-dilutive effect have been excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation.
For the year ended December 31, 2013, distributed and undistributed earnings attributable to unvested shares of restricted common stock and restricted stock units (both of which are participating securities) have been excluded, as applicable, from net income or loss attributable to common stockholders utilized in the basic and diluted earnings per share calculations because the effect of these items on diluted earnings per share would be anti-dilutive. At December 31, 2013, there were 598,815 shares of unvested restricted common stock. For the year ended December 31, 2013, no undistributed earnings were allocated to the unvested restricted common stock or the unvested restricted stock units because the impact on earnings per share attributable to common stockholders would be anti-dilutive.
The computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share is as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
Numerator: |
Year ended
December 31, 2013 |
|||
Net loss attributable to controlling shareholders and participating securities |
$ | (10,459 | ) | |
Less: Dividends paid on participating securities |
(278 | ) | ||
Undistributed earnings attributable to participating securities (1) |
| |||
|
|
|||
Net (loss) attributable to controlling shareholders |
$ | (10,737 | ) | |
|
|
Denominator: |
Year ended
December 31, 2013 |
|||
Weighted-average number of common shares - basic and diluted |
15,716,250 | |||
(Loss) per share attributable to common shares - basic and diluted |
$ | (0.68 | ) | |
|
|
(1) | Anti-dilutive for the year ended December 31, 2013, as the participating securities do not have an obligation to share in our losses. |
15. Equity Method Investment in Affiliate
In December 2012, the Predecessors board of directors approved the distribution of our entire equity interest in HA EnergySource Holdings LLC (HA EnergySource) to the Predecessors shareholders effective December 31, 2012 along with a $3.4 million capital commitment that was paid in 2013 to HA EnergySource to be used for general corporate purposes, future investments or dividends to HA EnergySource owners. HA EnergySources only asset is an equity interest in EnergySource that develops and operates geothermal projects in California including Hudson Ranch Power I, LLC (Hudson Ranch).
In August 2012, HA EnergySource made distributions to our members and redeemed all outside interests in HA EnergySource not previously owned by the Predecessor. After the redemption, HA EnergySource became a wholly owned and consolidated subsidiary of the Predecessor. As both the Predecessor and HA EnergySource were under the common control of MissionPoint HA Parallel Fund, L.P. (MissionPoint), it was determined that this was a common control transaction (i.e., the transaction did not result in a change in control at the ultimate controlling shareholder level). Accordingly, under ASC 810, the Predecessor did not account for the consolidation at fair value, but rather, accounted for the transaction at the carrying amount of the net assets consolidated (i.e., HA EnergySources investment in EnergySource).
Prior to the distribution and redemption transaction, based on an assessment of HA EnergySource, it was determined that HA EnergySource was a variable interest entity under ASC 810. Additionally, it was determined that the Predecessor was not the primary beneficiary of HA EnergySource as it did not have the power to direct the most important decisions related to the most significant activities of HA EnergySource and thus the Predecessor did not consolidate HA EnergySource.
The distribution and redemption transaction did not impact the determination that the Predecessor and HA EnergySource were not the primary beneficiary of EnergySource and EnergySource was not the primary beneficiary of Hudson Ranch. While both EnergySource and Hudson Ranch were determined to be variable interest entities under ASC 810, the Predecessor and HA EnergySource were not the primary beneficiary of these entities as neither the Predecessor nor HA EnergySource had the power to direct the most important decision making related to the most significant activities of the respective entities and thus they were not consolidated
Accordingly, the Predecessor accounted for its investment in HA EnergySource under the equity method of accounting prior to it becoming a wholly owned subsidiary. HA EnergySource accounted for its investment in EnergySource under the equity method and EnergySource accounted for its investment in Hudson Ranch under the equity method.
For the year ended December 31, 2013, we did not have an equity method investment in an affiliate. For the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, we recognized our share in the (loss) from equity method investment in affiliate of $(1.3) million and $(5.0) million, respectively. For the three months ended December 31, 2012, we recorded a (loss) from equity method investments in affiliate of $(0.5) million. During the year ended September 30, 2012, EnergySource made cash distributions of excess financing proceeds to us totaling $12.6 million and deemed distributions totaling $1.7 million. The deemed distributions were reinvested as capital contributions to EnergySource. Our investment and maximum exposure to loss in HA EnergySource as of September 30, 2012 was $0.8 million.
We provided investment banking and management services to EnergySource. In addition to the interest on our loan as described in Note 6, for the years ended December 31, 2013, September 30, 2012 and 2011, we recorded income of $0.5 million, $8.8 million and $0.1 million, respectively.
16. Transitional Condensed Statement of Operations
The following table summarizes our quarterly transitional financial data for the three months ended December 31, 2012, and the comparable three months ended December 31, 2011. In the opinion of management, these results of operations reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of our results of operations:
Three Months Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||
Net Investment Revenue: |
||||||||
Income from financing receivables |
$ | 2,834 | $ | 3,350 | ||||
Investment interest expense |
(2,347 | ) | (2,821 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net Investment Revenue |
487 | 529 | ||||||
Other Investment Revenue: |
||||||||
Gain on securitization of receivables |
2,534 | 1,940 | ||||||
Fee income |
254 | 288 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Other Investment Revenue |
2,788 | 2,228 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Revenue, net of investment interest expense |
3,275 | 2,757 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Compensation and benefits |
(1,157 | ) | (1,065 | ) | ||||
General and administrative |
(584 | ) | (626 | ) | ||||
Depreciation and amortization of intangibles |
(105 | ) | (113 | ) | ||||
Other interest expense |
(56 | ) | (83 | ) | ||||
Other income |
1 | 14 | ||||||
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments |
23 | 29 | ||||||
(Loss) from equity method investment in affiliate |
(448 | ) | (799 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Other Expenses, net |
(2,326 | ) | (2,643 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net Income |
$ | 949 | $ | 114 | ||||
|
|
|
|
17. Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
The following table summarizes our quarterly financial data which, in the opinion of management, reflects all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of our results of operations:
For the Three-Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2013 | June 30, 2013 | Sept. 30, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2013 | |||||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||
For the year ended December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue, net of provision |
475 | $ | 1,332 | $ | 2,590 | $ | (7,847 | ) | ||||||||
Other Investment Revenue |
281 | 1,532 | 2,206 | 3,061 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total Revenue, net of investment interest expense and provision |
756 | 2,864 | 4,796 | (4,786 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Other Expenses, net |
(1,975 | ) | (8,638 | ) | (2,902 | ) | (3,000 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net (loss) income before income tax |
$ | (1,219 | ) | $ | (5,774 | ) | $ | 1,894 | $ | (7,786 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Income tax benefit |
| | | 251 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (1,219 | ) | $ | (5,774 | ) | $ | 1,894 | $ | (7,535 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net (Loss) Income attributable to controlling shareholders |
$ | (4,971 | ) | $ | 1,842 | $ | (7,330 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Basic earnings per common share (a) |
$ | (0.32 | ) | $ | 0.11 | $ | (0.48 | ) | ||||||||
Diluted earnings per common share (a) |
$ | (0.32 | ) | $ | 0.11 | $ | (0.48 | ) |
For the Three-Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2011 | March 31, 2012 | June 30, 2012 | Sept. 30, 2012 | |||||||||||||
Fiscal year ended September 30, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||
Net Investment Revenue |
$ | 529 | $ | 493 | $ | 485 | $ | 489 | ||||||||
Other Investment Revenue |
2,228 | 1,519 | 1,056 | 10,489 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total Revenue, net of investment interest expense |
2,757 | 2,012 | 1,541 | 10,978 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Other Expenses, net |
(2,643 | ) | (2,310 | ) | (3,778 | ) | (4,753 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 114 | $ | (298 | ) | $ | (2,237 | ) | $ | 6,225 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) | Amounts for the individual quarters when aggregated may not agree to the earnings per share for the full year due to rounding. |
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
A review and evaluation was performed by our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (the CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (the CFO), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based on that review and evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that our current disclosure controls and procedures, as designed and implemented, were effective. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that it will detect or uncover failures within our company to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in our periodic reports.
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by our board of directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP and includes those policies and procedures that:
| pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of our company; |
| provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and |
| provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. |
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risks that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
This Annual Report does not include a report of managements assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting or an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm due to a transition period established by the rules of the SEC for newly public companies.
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2013 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.
None.
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
The information regarding our directors, executive officers and certain other matters required by Item 401 of Regulation S-K is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement relating to our annual meeting of stockholders (the Proxy Statement), to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2013.
The information regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act required by Item 405 of Regulation S-K is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2013.
The information regarding our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics required by Item 406 of Regulation S-K is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2013.
The information regarding certain matters pertaining to our corporate governance required by Item 407(c)(3), (d)(4) and (d)(5) of Regulation S-K is incorporated by reference to the Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2013.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
The information regarding executive compensation and other compensation related matters required by Items 402 and 407(e)(4) and (e)(5) of Regulation S-K is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2013.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
The tables on equity compensation plan information and beneficial ownership of our Company required by Items 201(d) and 403 of Regulation S-K are incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2013.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence.
The information regarding transactions with related persons, promoters and certain control persons and director independence required by Items 404 and 407(a) of Regulation S-K is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2013.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
The information concerning principal accounting fees and services and the Audit Committees pre-approval policies and procedures required by Item 14 is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2013.
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
Documents filed as part of the report
The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K in Part II, Item 8 and are incorporated by reference:
(a)(1) | Financial Statements: |
See index in Item 8 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, filed herewith for a list of financial statements.
(c) | The financial statements, including the notes thereto, of our subsidiary, HA EnergySource Holdings LLC as of September 30, 2012 and 2011 and for the years then ended, and equity method investments, EnergySource LLC as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and for the years then ended and Hudson Ranch I Holdings, LLC as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and for the years then ended, are attached as Exhibits 99.1, 99.2 and 99.3, respectively. |
(3) | Exhibits Files: |
Exhibit
|
Exhibit description |
|
3.1 | Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
3.2 | Bylaws of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
3.3 | Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
4.1 | Specimen Common Stock Certificate of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrants Form S-11 (No. 333-186711), filed on April 12, 2013) | |
10.1 | Form of Indemnification Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrants Form S-11 (No. 333-186711), filed on April 12, 2013) | |
10.2 | 2013 Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.3 | Restricted Stock Award Agreement dated April 23, 2013 between Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. and Jeffrey W. Eckel (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.4 | Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (Executive Officers) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.5 | Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (Non-employee Directors) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.6 | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.7 | Registration Rights Agreement, dated April 23, 2013, by and among Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. and the parties listed on Schedule I thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.8 | Employment Agreement, dated April 17, 2013, by and between Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. and Jeffrey Eckel (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.9 | Employment Agreement, dated April 17, 2013, by and between Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. and J. Brendan Herron, Jr. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) |
10.10 | Employment Agreement, dated April 17, 2013, by and between Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. and Steven L. Chuslo (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.11 | Employment Agreement, dated April 17, 2013, by and between Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. and Nathaniel J. Rose (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.12 | Employment Agreement, dated April 17, 2013, by and between Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. and Marvin R. Wooten (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.13 | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 23, 2013, by and among Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc., HA Merger Sub I LLC, HA Merger Sub III LLC, MissionPoint HA Parallel Fund, LLC, MissionPoint ES Parallel Fund I, L.P., MissionPoint HA Parallel Fund I Corp. and MissionPoint HA Parallel Fund, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.14 | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 23, 2013, by and among Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc., HA Merger Sub II LLC, HA Merger Sub III LLC, MissionPoint HA Parallel Fund II, LLC, MissionPoint ES Parallel Fund II, L.P. MissionPoint HA Parallel Fund II Corp. and MissionPoint HA Parallel Fund, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.15 | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 23, 2013, by and among Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc., HA Merger Sub III LLC, each of the individuals listed on Exhibit A attached thereto and each of the entities listed on Exhibit A attached thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.16 | Contribution Agreement, dated as of April 23, 2013, by and among Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc., Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure, L.P., MissionPoint HA Parallel Fund III, LLC and MissionPoint HA Parallel Fund, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on August 9, 2013) | |
10.17 | PF Loan Agreement, dated as of July 19, 2013, by and among HASI CF I Borrower LLC, HAT CF I Borrower LLC, each lender from time to time party hereto and Bank of America, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on November 8, 2013) | |
10.18 | PF Continuing Guaranty, dated as of July 19, 2013, by and among Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc., Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure, LP, and Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on November 8, 2013) | |
10.19 | PF Limited Guaranty, dated as of July 19, 2013, by HAT Holdings I LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on November 8, 2013) |
10.20 | G&I Loan Agreement, dated as of July 19, 2013, by and among HASI CF I Borrower LLC, HAT CF I Borrower LLC, each lender from time to time party hereto and Bank of America, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on November 8, 2013) | |
10.21 | G&I Continuing Guaranty, dated as of July 19, 2013, by and among Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc., Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure, LP, and Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on November 8, 2013) | |
10.22 | G&I Limited Guaranty, dated as of July 19, 2013, by HAT Holdings I LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on November 8, 2013) | |
10.23 | Form of PF and G&I Security Agreement, dated as of July 19, 2013, by and among HASI CF I Borrower LLC, HAT CF I Borrower LLC and The Bank of New York Mellon (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on November 8, 2013) | |
10.24 | Form of PF and G&I Pledge Agreement and Security Agreement, dated as of July 19, 2013 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Registrants Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 (No. 001-35877), filed on November 8, 2013) | |
10.25 | Amendment No. 1 to PF Loan Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2013, by and among HASI CF I Borrower LLC, HAT CF I Borrower LLC, each lender from time to time party thereto and Bank of America, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrants Form 8-K (No. 001-35877), filed on November 29, 2013) | |
10.26* | Trust Agreement relating to HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust, dated as of December 20, 2013, among HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust, HASI SYB I LLC, HAT SYB I LLC, The Bank of New York Mellon as Trustee and Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. | |
10.27* | Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of December 20, 2013, among HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust, HASI SYB I LLC, HAT SYB I LLC, The Bank of New York Mellon as Trustee and the purchaser of the notes thereunder | |
21.1* | List of subsidiaries of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. | |
23.1* | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP for Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. and HA EnergySource Holdings LLC | |
23.2* | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP for EnergySource LLC and Hudson Ranch I Holding, LLC | |
24.1* | Power of Attorney (included on signature page) | |
31.1* | Certification of Jeffery W. Eckel pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
31.2* | Certification of Brendan Herron pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
32.1* | Certification pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Jeffery W. Eckel | |
32.2* | Certification pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Brendan Herron | |
99.1* | HA EnergySource Holdings LLC, Financial Statements as of September 30, 2012 and 2011 and for the years then ended | |
99.2* | EnergySource LLC, Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and for the years then ended | |
99.3* | Hudson Ranch I Holdings, LLC, Financial Statements as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and for the years then ended | |
101.INS** | XBRL Instance Document | |
101.SCH** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema | |
101.CAL** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase | |
101.DEF** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase | |
101.LAB** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase | |
101.PRE** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase |
* | Filed herewith. |
** | Furnished with this report. In accordance with Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the information in these exhibits is furnished and deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise is not subject to liability under such section. |
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
HANNON ARMSTRONG SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE CAPITAL, INC. |
||
By: | /s/ Jeffrey W. Eckel | |
Name: | Jeffrey W. Eckel | |
Title: | Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President | |
By: | /s/ J. Brendan Herron | |
Name: | J. Brendan Herron | |
Title: | Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President (Duly Authorized Officer and Chief Accounting Officer) |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Jeffrey W. Eckel and J. Brendan Herron, and each of them, with full power to act without the other, such persons true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign this Form 10-K and any and all amendments thereto, and to file the same, with exhibits and schedules thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing necessary or desirable to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signatures |
Title |
|||||
By: |
/s/ Jeffrey W. Eckel Jeffrey W. Eckel |
Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
March 17, 2014 | |||
By: |
/s/ J. Brendan Herron J. Brendan Herron |
Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) |
March 17, 2014 | |||
By: |
/s/ Mark J. Cirilli Mark J. Cirilli |
March 17, 2014 | ||||
By: |
/s/ Charles M. ONeil Charles M. ONeil |
March 17, 2014 | ||||
By: |
/s/ Richard J. Osborne Richard J. Osborne |
March 17, 2014 | ||||
By: |
/s/ Jackalyne Pfannenstiel Jackalyne Pfannenstiel |
March 17, 2014 |
Exhibit 10.26
T RUST A GREEMENT R ELATING TO
HASI SYB 2013-1 T RUST
Dated as of December 20, 2013
T ABLE OF C ONTENTS
A RTICLE I |
D EFINITIONS |
2 | ||||
Section 1.01. |
Definitions |
2 | ||||
Section 1.02. |
Noteholders Request |
8 | ||||
Section 1.03. |
Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee |
8 | ||||
Section 1.04. |
Acts of Holders |
9 | ||||
A RTICLE II |
C ONVEYANCE AND A CQUISITION OF T RUST E STATE ; I SSUANCE OF N OTE |
10 | ||||
Section 2.01. |
Settlor and Initial Trustor; Beneficiaries |
10 | ||||
Section 2.02. |
Initial Corpus of the Trust |
10 | ||||
Section 2.03. |
Execution of Certain Documents |
10 | ||||
Section 2.04. |
Declaration of Trust |
10 | ||||
Section 2.05. |
Conveyance of Trust Estate |
10 | ||||
Section 2.06. |
Issuance of Note and Residual Trust Certificates |
12 | ||||
Section 2.07. |
Acceptance by Trustee |
12 | ||||
Section 2.08. |
Limitation of Powers |
12 | ||||
Section 2.09. |
Intended Characterization; Certain Tax Matters |
13 | ||||
A RTICLE III |
T HE N OTE AND R ESIDUAL T RUST C ERTIFICATE |
13 | ||||
Section 3.01. |
Form, Denomination and Execution |
13 | ||||
Section 3.02. |
Authenticatione |
14 | ||||
Section 3.03. |
Registration of Transfer and Exchange |
14 | ||||
Section 3.04. |
Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Note |
15 | ||||
Section 3.05. |
Persons Deemed Owners |
16 | ||||
Section 3.06. |
Cancellation |
16 | ||||
Section 3.07. |
Limitation of Liability for Payments |
16 | ||||
Section 3.08. |
Residual Trust Certificate |
17 | ||||
A RTICLE IV |
E STABLISHMENT AND A DMINISTRATION OF A CCOUNTS |
17 | ||||
Section 4.01. |
Accounts |
17 | ||||
Section 4.02. |
Establishment and Application of Note Payment Account |
17 | ||||
Section 4.03. |
Establishment and Application of Construction Account |
18 | ||||
Section 4.04. |
Deposit and Investment of Moneys in Trust Estate; Certain Transfers and Distributions |
18 | ||||
Section 4.05. |
Release of Trust Estate |
18 | ||||
A RTICLE V |
D EFAULT |
19 | ||||
Section 5.01. |
Events of Default |
19 | ||||
Section 5.02. |
Incidents of Sale of Trust Estate |
20 | ||||
Section 5.03. |
Power of Sale; Judicial Proceedings Instituted by Trustee |
20 | ||||
Section 5.04. |
Control by Majority Noteholder |
20 | ||||
Section 5.05. |
Waiver of Past Defaults |
21 |
Section 5.06. |
Right of Noteholder to Receive Payments Not to Be Impaired |
21 | ||||
Section 5.07. |
Noteholder May Not Bring Suit Except under Certain Conditions |
22 | ||||
Section 5.08. |
Judicial Proceedings Instituted by Trustee |
22 | ||||
Section 5.09. |
Remedies on Event of Default |
23 | ||||
Section 5.10. |
Remedies Cumulative |
24 | ||||
Section 5.11. |
Application of Monies Collected by Trustee |
24 | ||||
A RTICLE VI |
T HE T RUSTEE |
25 | ||||
Section 6.01. |
Certain Duties and Responsibilities |
25 | ||||
Section 6.02. |
Certain Rights of Trustee |
26 | ||||
Section 6.03. |
Not Responsible for Recitals, Note or Purchase Agreement |
27 | ||||
Section 6.04. |
May Hold Note |
28 | ||||
Section 6.05. |
Money Held in Trust |
28 | ||||
Section 6.06. |
Compensation, Reimbursement and Indemnification |
28 | ||||
Section 6.07. |
Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility |
29 | ||||
Section 6.08. |
Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor |
30 | ||||
Section 6.09. |
Acceptance of Appointment by Successor |
31 | ||||
Section 6.10. |
Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business |
31 | ||||
Section 6.11. |
Money for Note Payments to Be Held in Trust |
31 | ||||
Section 6.12. |
Trust Estate in Trustees Name |
32 | ||||
Section 6.13. |
Representations and Warranties of Trustee |
32 | ||||
Section 6.14. |
Information Reporting |
33 | ||||
Section 6.15. |
Co-Trustees |
33 | ||||
Section 6.16. |
Trustees Disclaimers |
34 | ||||
A RTICLE VII |
A DMINISTRATIVE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF THE T RUSTEE |
35 | ||||
Section 7.01. |
Notices and Reports by the Trustee |
35 | ||||
Section 7.02. |
Method of Notice |
35 | ||||
Section 7.03. |
Uniform Commercial Code Statements |
36 | ||||
Section 7.04. |
Distribution Notices |
36 | ||||
Section 7.05. |
Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact |
36 | ||||
Section 7.06. |
The Agent |
36 | ||||
A RTICLE VIII |
S UPPLEMENTAL T RUST A GREEMENTS |
37 | ||||
Section 8.01. |
Trust Agreement Supplements with Consent of Majority Noteholder |
37 | ||||
Section 8.02. |
Documents Affecting Immunity or Indemnity |
38 | ||||
Section 8.03. |
Execution of Trust Agreement Supplements |
38 | ||||
Section 8.04. |
Effect of Trust Agreement Supplements |
38 | ||||
Section 8.05. |
Reference in Note to Trust Agreement Supplements |
38 |
-ii-
A RTICLE IX |
R EDEMPTION |
39 | ||||
Section 9.01. |
No Optional Redemption |
39 | ||||
Section 9.02. |
Mandatory Redemption |
39 | ||||
Section 9.03. |
Partial Redemption Procedure |
39 | ||||
Section 9.04. |
Notice of Redemption |
40 | ||||
Section 9.05. |
Note Payable on Redemption Date |
40 | ||||
Section 9.06. |
Note Redeemed in Part |
40 | ||||
A RTICLE X |
A MENDMENTS TO O PERATIVE A GREEMENTS |
41 | ||||
Section 10.01. |
Amendments and Supplements to Operative Agreements |
41 | ||||
A RTICLE XI |
T ERMINATION OF T RUST |
41 | ||||
Section 11.01. |
Termination of the Trust |
41 | ||||
A RTICLE XII |
M ISCELLANEOUS P ROVISIONS |
41 | ||||
Section 12.01. |
Benefits of Trust Agreement |
41 | ||||
Section 12.02. |
Note Nonassessable and Fully Paid; No Legal Title to Trust Estate |
42 | ||||
Section 12.03. |
Notices |
42 | ||||
Section 12.04. |
Governing Law |
44 | ||||
Section 12.05. |
Severability of Provisions |
44 | ||||
Section 12.06. |
Effect of Headings and Table of Contents |
44 | ||||
Section 12.07. |
Successors and Assigns |
44 | ||||
Section 12.08. |
Legal Holidays |
44 | ||||
Section 12.09. |
Counterparts |
44 | ||||
Section 12.10. |
Tax Disclosure Safeharbor |
44 | ||||
Section 12.11. |
Limitation of Liability |
45 | ||||
Section 12.12. |
Servicer |
45 | ||||
Section 12.14. |
WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL |
51 |
-iii-
S CHEDULE 1 | | Contract Payments Schedule | ||
S CHEDULE 2 | | Note Payment Schedule | ||
E XHIBIT A-1 | | Form of Collateralized Debt Note | ||
E XHIBIT A-2 | | Form of Residual Trust Certificate | ||
E XHIBIT B | | Form of Transferee Certificate | ||
E XHIBIT C | | Trustee Fee Description | ||
E XHIBIT D | | Form of Promissory Note | ||
E XHIBIT E | | Form of Security Agreement |
-iv-
This T RUST A GREEMENT herein, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time as permitted hereby, and including the Exhibits and Schedules hereto, this Trust Agreement ), dated as of December 20, 2013, is entered into with respect to the formation of the HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust (the Trust ) by HASI SYB I LLC, a Maryland limited liability company ( HASI SYB ), HAT SYB I LLC, a Maryland limited liability company ( HAT SYB , and together with HASI SYB, the Borrowers and each, a Borrower ), The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee and Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC, as Servicer.
R E C I T A L S
W HEREAS , from time to time, certain contractors (each including its successors and assigns, a Vendor ) and certain agencies or departments of the governmental customers (each, a Governmental Obligor ), have entered and/or will in the future enter into task orders, delivery orders, authorizations or other contracts to commence the supply and/or performance of certain goods and/or services to such Governmental Obligor as provided for therein (each as amended, modified, supplemented, renewed or extended from time to time in accordance therewith, together with all exhibits, schedules, annexes and other attachments thereto, collectively, a Contract Obligation ); and
W HEREAS , each Borrower is the assignee and owner of certain monies due or to become due under Contract Obligations (the Contract Payments ) as further described in the related Security Agreement; and
W HEREAS , pursuant to Article II and a Promissory Note, the Trust shall make a loan to each Borrower with the proceeds of the Purchase Price paid by the initial Noteholder for the Note, which Promissory Notes will be secured by the Contract Payments and other Collateral described in the related Security Agreements, and the Trustee shall hold the Collateral and other assets part of the Trust Estate in trust for the benefit of the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders;
W HEREAS , the Trustee, upon the execution and delivery of this Trust Agreement, hereby declares the creation of this Trust for the benefit of the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders, and the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders by their respective acceptances of the Notes and Residual Trust Certificates agree to be bound by the terms of this Trust Agreement;
W HEREAS , to facilitate the making of the secured loans pursuant to the Promissory Notes and Security Agreements by the Trust, the Trustee is undertaking to perform certain administrative and ministerial duties hereunder in exchange for the payment of the Trustee Fee under and pursuant to the terms hereof; and
W HEREAS , the Servicer has the capacity to provide the services required hereby and is willing to perform such services for the Trust and the Trustee on the terms set forth herein.
N OW , T HEREFORE , in consideration of the mutual agreements herein contained, and of other good and valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:
A RTICLE I
D EFINITIONS
Section 1.01. Definitions . For all purposes of this Trust Agreement, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:
(a) the terms used herein that are defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article, and include the plural as well as the singular;
(b) all references in this Trust Agreement to designated Articles, Exhibit, Schedule, Section, § s and other subdivisions are to the designated Articles, Exhibits, Schedules, Sections, § s and other subdivisions of this Trust Agreement; and
(c) the words herein, hereof and hereunder and other words of similar import refer to this Trust Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.
Acceptable Bank shall mean any bank or trust company (including the Trustee if it satisfies the following conditions) (i) which is organized under the laws of the United States of America or any State thereof and subject to supervision and examination by Federal and/or State banking authorities, (ii) which has capital, surplus and undivided profits aggregating at least $250,000,000, and (iii) whose long-term unsecured debt obligations (or the long-term unsecured debt obligations of the bank holding company owning all of the capital stock of such bank or trust company) shall have been given a rating of A or better by S&P or A2 or better by Moodys or an equivalent rating by any other credit rating agency of recognized national standing.
Account shall mean one of the accounts established within the Trust Estate pursuant to Article IV or a Trust Agreement Supplement.
Act when used with respect to any Noteholder, shall have the meaning specified in §1.04(a) .
Affiliate shall mean, at any time, and with respect to any Person, (a) any other Person that at such time directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such first Person and (b) any other Person beneficially owning or holding, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of any class of voting or equity interests of such Person or any entity of which such Persons beneficially owns or holds in the aggregate, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of any class of voting or equity interests. For the purposes of this definition, control when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms controlled and under common control have meanings correlative to the foregoing.
-2-
Agent shall mean the party designated by the Trustee in accordance with §7.05 .
Authorized Representative shall mean: (i) when used with respect to the Trustee, the president, any managing director, any senior vice president, any vice president, any assistant vice president, the secretary, any assistant secretary, the treasurer or any assistant treasurer; and (ii) when used with respect to any other party, the president, any senior vice president, any vice president, the treasurer, any assistant treasurer, any member or any manager.
Avoidable Tax shall have the meaning specified in §6.08(d) .
Business Day shall mean any day other than (a) a Saturday or Sunday, or (b) a day on which banking institutions in the State of New York (or any other state in which the Corporate Trust Office shall be located) are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to be closed.
Closing Date shall mean the date on which the conditions precedent set forth in §2.05 shall have been satisfied, the Trust makes the Secured Loans and the Trust issues the initial Note and Residual Trust Certificates.
Collateral shall have the same meaning as when such term is used in the Security Agreements.
Construction Account shall mean the Account established by the Trustee within the Trust Estate pursuant to §4.06 .
Contract Payments Schedule shall mean the schedule of payments set forth on Schedule 1 hereto with respect to the Contract Payments due in connection with the Notes.
Corporate Trust Office shall mean the office of the Trustee in the city at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be principally administered which as of the date hereof is located at 101 Barclay Street, 7W, New York, New York.
Default shall mean or an event that, with the lapse of time or the giving of notice or both, would constitute an Event of Default.
Delinquency Advance shall have the meaning specified in §12.12(1) .
Direction shall have the meaning specified in §1.04(c) .
Event of Default shall mean an event described in §5.01 .
Fractional Undivided Interest shall mean the fraction represented by the outstanding Principal of a Note over the outstanding Principal of all Notes.
-3-
Interest shall mean, with respect to any Note, the amounts denominated as such in the Note Payment Schedule set forth in such Note, as such amounts may be affected by any Principal payments on or redemption or acceleration of the Notes.
Majority Noteholder shall mean the Noteholder(s) evidencing Fractional Undivided Interests aggregating not less than a majority of outstanding Principal of all Notes.
Moodys shall mean Moodys Investors Service, Inc.
Note shall mean any one of the Collateralized Debt Notes executed and authenticated by the Trustee, substantially in the form of Exhibit A-1 hereto, but in no event shall Notes include any Residual Trust Certificate.
Note Payment Schedule shall mean the Note payment schedule attached to the related Note.
Note Principal Balance shall mean, with respect to a Note on any date of determination thereof, an amount equal to the Original Note Principal Balance, reduced by the sum of each payment of Principal actually made on and with respect to such Note.
Note Purchase Agreement shall mean each Note Purchase Agreement dated as of December 20, 2013 between the Trustee and the initial Noteholder identified therein, as supplemented or amended from time to time.
Noteholder shall mean the Person or Persons, as the context requires, in whose name a Note is registered in the Register.
Officers Certificate shall mean a certificate signed by an Authorized Representative.
Operative shall have the meaning specified in §12.11.
Opinion of Counsel shall mean a written opinion of legal counsel who may be such counsel as may be designated by the Person required to deliver or cause the delivery of such opinion whether or not such counsel is an employee of the Person required to deliver or cause the delivery of such opinion and who shall be reasonably acceptable to the recipient or recipients of such opinion.
Original Note Principal Balance shall mean an aggregate amount equal to $100,000,000.
Outstanding when used with respect to Notes and Residual Trust Certificates, shall mean, as of any date of determination, all Notes and Residual Trust Certificates theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Trust Agreement, except:
(a) Notes and Residual Trust Certificates theretofore cancelled by the Trustee; and
(b) Notes and Residual Trust Certificates in exchange for or in lieu of which other Notes and Residual Trust Certificates have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Trust Agreement.
-4-
Payment Date shall mean each payment date set forth on the applicable Note Payment Schedule or, in case of any acceleration or redemption, such other date or dates as established in accordance herewith; or if such day is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day.
Person shall mean any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
Principal shall mean the amounts denominated as such in the applicable Note Payment Schedule, as reduced from time to time by payments or redemptions thereof.
Promissory Note shall mean each Promissory Note issued by a Borrower pursuant to §2.05(a) , each substantially in the form of Exhibit D .
Purchase Price shall mean the Purchase Price for such Notes set forth in each applicable Note Purchase Agreement.
Record Date shall mean, with respect to any Payment Date, the date which is fifteen (15) days (or if such date is not a Business Day, the preceding Business Day) before such Payment Date or such other special Record Date as established by the Trustee in accordance herewith.
Redemption Date shall mean, when used with respect to a Note or Residual Trust Certificate to be redeemed, the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Trust Agreement.
Redemption Price shall mean, when used with respect to the Note to be redeemed, the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Trust Agreement and the terms of the Note.
Register shall mean the register maintained pursuant to §3.03 .
Request shall have the meaning specified in §1.02 .
Required Noteholders shall mean the holders of Notes evidencing Fractional Undivided Interests aggregating not less than 66-2/3% of outstanding Principal of all Notes.
Residual Trust Certificate shall mean the Residual Trust Certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit A-2 hereto issued by the Trustee to a Residual Certificateholder relating to a residual interest in the Trust.
Residual Certificateholder shall mean the Person in whose name a Residual Trust Certificate is registered in the Register.
-5-
Responsible Officer shall mean the officer of the Trustee with the primary responsibility for the administration of the Trust and performing the functions of the Trustee under this Trust Agreement, and with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.
S&P shall mean Standard & Poors Rating Services, a Division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Secured Loan shall have the meaning specified in §2.05(a) .
Securities Act shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Security Agreement shall mean each Security Agreement between a Borrower and the Trustee executed and delivered pursuant to §2.05(a) , each substantially in the form of Exhibit E .
Servicer shall mean Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC, as Servicer, or its successor in interest, and any successor servicer appointed as provided herein.
Specified Investments shall mean any one or more of the following obligations or securities:
(i) direct obligations of, and obligations fully guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by, the United States of America, or any agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the obligations of which are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America;
(ii) federal funds, deposit accounts, demand and time deposits in, certificates of deposits of, or bankers acceptances issued by an Acceptable Bank (including the Trustee or any agent of the Trustee, acting in its respective commercial capacities);
(iii) repurchase agreements or obligations with respect to any security described in clause (i) above where such security has a remaining maturity of one year or less, where the Trustee takes possession of such security and where such repurchase obligation has been entered into with a depository institution or trust company (acting as principal) described in clause (ii) above and where such repurchase obligation will mature prior to the next Payment Date;
(iv) securities bearing interest or sold at a discount issued by any corporation incorporated under the laws of the United States of America or any state thereof which have a credit rating from S&P, no lower than A-1 (or an equivalent rating from Moodys), with respect to short-term debt obligations, and within one of the two highest rating categories applicable to long-term debt obligations from either S&P or Moodys, with respect to long-term debt obligations; provided, however, that securities issued by such corporations will not be Specified Investments to the extent that investment therein will cause the then outstanding principal amount of securities issued by such corporations and held in the Accounts to exceed 10% of the aggregate principal amount of all Specified Investments in the Accounts;
-6-
(v) commercial paper (including both non-interest-bearing discount obligations and interest-bearing obligations payable on demand or on a specified date not more than two hundred seventy (270) days after the date of issuance thereof) rated by S&P no lower than A-1;
(vi) certificates or receipts representing direct ownership interests in future interest or principal payments on obligations of the United States of America or its agencies or instrumentalities (which obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America) held by a custodian in safekeeping on behalf of the holders of such receipts;
(vii) any demand money market or time deposit or obligation or interest bearing or other security or investment which invests exclusively in any of the obligations described in (i) or (ii) above;
(viii) Securities and Exchange Commission registered money market mutual funds that invest primarily in direct obligations issued by the United States Treasury and repurchase agreements backed by those obligations, including funds for which the Trustee or an Affiliate of the Trustee acts as an advisor, and rated in the highest category by S&P and Moodys;
(ix) a guaranteed investment contract issued by an insurance company or other corporation having a long term unsecured debt rating or a claims paying ability rated or guaranteed by an entity rated in one of the two highest rating categories by S&P and Moodys; and
(x) any other obligation or securities which are approved by the Noteholders in writing as a Specified Investment;
provided, however, that no such instrument shall be a Specified Investment if such instrument evidences either (i) a right to receive only interest payments with respect to the obligations underlying such instrument, or (ii) both principal and interest payments derived from obligations underlying such instrument and the principal and interest payments with respect to such instrument provide a yield to maturity of greater than 120% of the yield to maturity at par of such underlying obligations. With respect to any Payment Date, Specified Investments shall include only obligations or securities that mature or as to which the Trustee may make withdrawals without penalty (monetary or otherwise) before the next Payment Date.
Subaccount shall mean any subaccount held within an Account.
Transaction Documents shall mean this Trust Agreement, the Promissory Notes, the Security Agreements, the Note Purchase Agreements, the Notes, and the Residual Trust Certificates.
-7-
Trust has the meaning assigned thereto in the recitals.
Trust Agreement has the meaning assigned thereto in the recitals.
Trust Agreement Supplement shall mean an amendment, modification or supplement to this Trust Agreement in accordance with the terms hereof.
Trust Estate shall mean all right, title, estate, claims and demands owned or otherwise assigned to the Trustee (i) in, to and under the Promissory Notes and Security Agreements and any amendments, supplements, documents and other instruments relating thereto, and all rights, powers, privileges, options and other benefits of the related Borrower or the Trustee thereunder, including, but not limited to, (A) the immediate and continuing right to receive and collect all payments when due under the Promissory Notes and Security Agreements, (B) the right to make all waivers and agreements and to enter into any amendments relating to the Promissory Notes and Security Agreements or any provision thereof, and (C) the right to take such action upon the occurrence of a Default or Event of Default under the Promissory Notes or Security Agreements, (ii) the Purchase Price received by the Trustee for the benefit of the Trust, (iii) all Accounts established for the benefit of the Trust under the Trust Agreement or under the Promissory Notes or Security Agreements, (v) all monies and investments held in the Accounts for the benefit of the Trust, (vi) all other related property and assets held by the Trustee for the benefit of the Trust, and (vii) all proceeds of the foregoing.
Trustee shall mean The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee, or its successor in interest, and any successor trustee appointed as provided herein.
Trustee Fee shall mean the fee which the Trustee in its individual capacity shall receive with respect to the administration of the Notes and the Residual Trust Notes and the performance in the ordinary course of its duties under this Trust Agreement which includes the activities described in Exhibit C hereto, which shall be equal to the amounts and paid on the dates as set forth on Exhibit C .
Underlying Financing Agreements shall have the meaning assigned thereto in the applicable Security Agreement.
Section 1.02. Noteholders Request. Upon any application or request by the Majority Noteholder to the Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Trust Agreement, the Majority Noteholder shall furnish to the Trustee an instrument in writing (a Request ) describing the action such Noteholder requests the Trustee to take and, if such action is not a duty of the Trustee specifically required hereunder, upon Trustees request, an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that such action is permitted under the terms of this Trust Agreement. The Trustee shall be entitled to rely on the genuineness of such Request as set forth in §6.02(a) .
Section 1.03. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee . In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may
-8-
certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.
Any Opinion of Counsel stated to be based on the opinion of other counsel shall be accompanied by a copy of such other opinion.
Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Trust Agreement, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.
Section 1.04. Acts of Noteholder . (a) Any direction, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Trust Agreement to be given or taken by a Noteholder may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Noteholder in person or by an agent duly appointed in writing and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the Act of the Noteholder signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Trust Agreement and conclusive in favor of the Trustee if made in the manner provided in this Section.
(b) The fact and date of the execution of any instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may be proved in any reasonable manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.
(c) In determining whether the Noteholder of the requisite Fractional Undivided Interests of Notes outstanding have given any direction, consent or waiver (a Direction ) or any Request, under this Trust Agreement, Notes owned by any Borrowers or any Affiliate of the Borrowers shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding under this Trust Agreement for purposes of any such determination. In determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such Direction or any such Request, only Notes which the Trustee knows to be so owned by any of the aforementioned Persons shall be so disregarded. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) if any such Person owns 100% of the Notes Outstanding, such Notes shall not be so disregarded as aforesaid, and (ii) if any amount of Notes so owned by any such Person have been pledged in good faith, such Notes shall not be disregarded as aforesaid if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgees right so to act with respect to such Notes and that the pledgee is not the Borrower, or any Affiliate of any Borrower and such pledgee provides adequate security or indemnity to the Trustee. Any Direction delivered by a Noteholder shall be provided to the Trustee in writing.
(d) Any Direction or other action by a holder of any Note shall bind the holder of every Note issued upon the transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Note; provided, however, that no such agreement shall change in any manner the amount of, or timing of, payments which are required to be distributed to any Noteholder in connection with an existing Note without the consent of the Noteholder of such Note.
(e) Except as otherwise provided in §1.04(c) , Notes owned by or pledged to any Person shall have an equal and proportionate benefit under the provisions of this Trust Agreement, without preference, priority, or distinction as among all of the Notes.
-9-
A RTICLE II
C ONVEYANCE AND A CQUISITION OF T RUST E STATE ;
I SSUANCE OF N OTES
Section 2.01. Settlor and Initial Trustor; Beneficiaries . The Residual Certificateholders hereby appoint the Trustee as trustee of the Trust effective as of the date hereof, to have all the rights, powers and duties set forth herein. Each Residual Certificateholder hereby acknowledges and agrees that it is acting as a settlor and initial trustor of the Trust and in no event shall the Noteholder, the Servicer or the Trustee be the settlor or trustor of the Trust. The Residual Certificateholders shall be the beneficial owners of the Trust, which is being established and created pursuant to the terms set forth herein for the benefit of the Noteholder, as a creditor beneficiary of this Agreement.
Section 2.02. Initial Corpus of the Trust . The Residual Certificateholders hereby assign, transfer, convey and set over to the Trustee, as of the date hereof, the sum of Ten Dollars ($10.00). The Trustee acknowledges that it has deposited in trust the sum of Ten Dollars ($10.00) received by the Residual Certificateholders, which sum constitutes the original trust estate.
Section 2.03. Execution of Certain Documents . The Trustee is hereby authorized and directed by the Residual Certificateholders to execute and deliver, as trustee on behalf of the Trust, from time to time, any and all agreements and documents including the Notes which may be required in order to issue and sell the Notes and to acquire, accept or otherwise deal with the Trust Estate and to take such other action in connection with the foregoing as the Majority Noteholder may from time to time direct in writing with respect to the Notes.
Section 2.04. Declaration of Trust . By virtue of the execution and delivery of this Trust Agreement and the deposit by the Residual Certificateholders with the Trustee of $10.00 to be held in trust in accordance with the terms of this Trust Agreement, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, there is hereby established and created the HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust. The Trustee hereby accepts the Trust created hereby and declares that it will hold all estate, right, title and interest of such Trust in and to the Trust Estate and any property, now existing or hereafter created, which is at any time conveyed to the Trustee, as Trustee of the Trust, pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Trust Agreement in trust, all in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Trust Agreement. The Trustee shall have no power to create, assume or incur indebtedness or other liabilities other than in performance of its duties and obligations hereunder or as contemplated in the Transaction Documents and shall not create, incur, assume or, to the extent within its control, suffer to exist any lien upon or with respect to the Trust Estate.
Section 2.05. Conveyance of Trust Estate . (a) In relation to the Closing Date, pursuant to one or more Promissory Notes dated as of even date herewith and this §2.05 , the Trust has made
-10-
a loan to each Borrower named therein and pursuant to one or more Security Agreements dated as of even date herewith and this §2.05 , each Borrower named therein has granted the Trust a security interest over the Collateral described therein to secure its obligations under the related Promissory Notes (the Secured Loan ). The Secured Loan, including all rights in any related Collateral, is held by the Trustee in trust for the benefit of the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders.
(b) The Trustee shall also be entitled to and shall take all available steps, actions and proceedings reasonably necessary in its judgment to enforce all of the rights of each Borrower and all of the obligations of each Borrower under the related Promissory Notes and Security Agreements. Each Borrower hereby covenants and agrees to take any such action as the Trustee may reasonably request to further convey any interest in any item of the Trust Estate to the Trustee and to provide such further assurances as the Trustee may reasonably request to vest in this Trust all its right, title and interest in the Trust Estate.
(c) On the Closing Date, and subject to the satisfaction by the Borrowers or waiver by the Majority Noteholder all conditions precedent to the making of the Secured Loan and to the issuance of the Note and Residual Trust Certificates on the Closing Date, including, without limitation, the following conditions the Trust shall make such Secured Loan to the Borrowers and the Borrowers shall issue the related Promissory Notes to the Trust and collaterally assign the related Collateral to the Trust pursuant to the terms of each related Security Agreement, all to be held in trust for the benefit of the initial Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders.
(i) Such Borrower shall have delivered to the Trustee a duly executed counterpart of a Promissory Note and Security Agreement and all items required thereunder, which shall include a description of the related Collateral and any other exhibits listed thereon;
(ii) Such Borrower was not insolvent at the time of the making of such Secured Loan and such Borrower will not be made insolvent by such Secured Loan and such Borrower is not aware of any pending insolvency of such Borrower, as evidenced by an Officers Certificate with respect to the foregoing;
(iii) The representations and warranties of such Borrower contained in the applicable Promissory Notes and Security Agreements shall be true and correct as of the Closing Date (except to the extent that such representations and warranties specifically refer to an earlier date, in which case they shall be true and correct as of such earlier date) and such Borrower shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers Certificate to such effect;
(iv) The satisfaction of each condition precedent specified in the Note Purchase Agreement and such Borrower shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers Certificate to such effect;
(v) No Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and such Borrower shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers Certificate to such effect;
-11-
(vi) Following the purchase of such Secured Loan and the issuance of any related Notes, there shall be no more than ninety-five (95) Noteholders in the aggregate;
(vii) Such Borrower shall have delivered and authorized Uniform Commercial Code financing statements to be filed by such Borrower on behalf of the Trustee, naming such Borrower as debtor, the Trustee on behalf of the Noteholders and Residual Certificateholders as secured party, and listing the related Collateral; and
(viii) The Trustee shall have received such further documents, opinions, money or securities, if any, as are required by the provisions of the Transaction Documents providing for the execution and delivery of the Notes and Residual Trust Certificates.
Section 2.06. Issuance of Note and Residual Trust Certificates . Upon the satisfaction of the closing conditions with respect to the Closing Date, the Borrowers shall direct the Trustee to execute, authenticate and deliver (a) the Note to be issued on the Closing Date to the initial Noteholder in the aggregate Principal amount equal to the Original Note Principal Balance, and (b) the Residual Trust Certificates, together evidencing the entire ownership of the Trust. The Trustee shall execute, authenticate and deliver the Note and the Residual Trust Certificates on the Closing Date, in authorized denominations and in such Principal amounts designated by the initial Noteholder and directed by the applicable Borrower, so as to result in the issuance by the Trust of the Note in an aggregate equal to the Original Note Principal Balance. Except as provided in §§3.03 and 3.04 and otherwise provided in this Trust Agreement, the Trustee shall not execute or deliver Notes in an aggregate amount in excess of Original Note Principal Balance.
Section 2.07. Acceptance by Trustee. The Trustees execution and delivery of this Trust Agreement and the Promissory Notes and Security Agreements shall evidence its acknowledgement of receipt of the Secured Loans, including all rights in the Collateral, and its declaration that the Trustee holds and will hold the related Secured Loan, including all rights in the Collateral, together with all other property constituting the Trust Estate, for the benefit of the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders, and their respective successors and assigns permitted hereunder, upon the terms herein set forth. By its payment for and acceptance of the Note issued to it hereunder, each Noteholder agrees to be bound by the terms of this Trust Agreement. By its payment for and acceptance of any Residual Trust Certificate issued to it hereunder, each Residual Certificateholder thereby agrees to be bound by the terms of this Trust Agreement.
Section 2.08. Limitation of Powers. The Trust is constituted solely for the purpose of making the Secured Loans as described in this Trust Agreement and any Trust Agreement Supplements thereto, and, except as set forth herein with respect to Specified Investments, the Trustee is not authorized or empowered to acquire any other investments or engage in any other activities. In addition, the Trust shall not: (i) make a public offering of any securities; (ii) purchase any security issued by a registered investment company nor sell any security to any registered open-end investment company; and (iii) at any time sell or otherwise transfer (nor has it done so in the past) ownership of any security issued by it to any Person who, at the time of such sale or transfer, is not a qualified purchaser as such term is defined by § 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time.
-12-
Section 2.09. Intended Characterization; Certain Tax Matters . (a) This Trust Agreement and the Note and Residual Trust Certificates have been structured with the intention that the Note and Residual Trust Certificates will be treated as debt for federal income tax purposes. Each Noteholder and Residual Certificateholder by its acquisition of a Note or Residual Trust Certificate agrees for all purposes to treat the Note and Residual Trust Certificate consistently with such intent. The parties intend and agree to treat the Notes and Residual Trust Certificates as debt for all tax and non-tax purposes, including regulatory and financial accounting purposes. If, contrary to the intent of the parties, the Note and Residual Trust Certificates are determined not to constitute indebtedness for federal income tax purposes, none of the Trustee or the Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders will elect to treat the Trust Agreement (and/or any related arrangements) as a corporation for federal income tax purposes.
(b) No ownership interest in any Note or Residual Trust Certificate shall be issued, sold, transferred, listed or otherwise exchanged at any time on an established securities market, including: (i) a national securities exchange registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 1934 Act ) or exempted from registration because of the limited volume of transactions; (ii) a foreign securities exchange that, under the law of the jurisdiction where it is organized, satisfied regulatory requirements that are analogous to the regulatory requirements under the 1934 Act applicable to exchanges described in clause (i); (iii) a regional or local exchange; or (iv) an over-the-counter market, as the terms in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are defined for purposes of Section 7704 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
(c) Notwithstanding anything in the Trust Agreement to the contrary, no transfer or issuance of any Note or Residual Trust Certificate or any direct or indirect interest therein shall be made absent the certification to the Trustee by each of the related transferee and transferor thereof that such transfer (i) would result in there being more than ninety-five (95) owners of the Notes or (ii) to any beneficial owner of an interest in a partnership, grantor trust or S corporation (herein referred to as a Flow-through entity ) which Flow-through entitys ownership, directly or indirectly through other Flow-through entities, of Notes or Residual Trust Certificates constitutes fifteen percent (15%) or more, measured by value, of such Flow-through entitys assets.
A RTICLE III
T HE N OTES AND R ESIDUAL T RUST C ERTIFICATES
Section 3.01. Form, Denomination and Execution of Notes and Residual Trust Certificates. The Notes and Residual Trust Certificates shall be in registered form without coupons and shall be substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A-1 and Exhibit A-2 , respectively, with such omissions, variations and insertions as are permitted by this Trust Agreement, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon, as may be required and directed by the applicable Borrower to comply with applicable securities laws or to conform to any usage in respect thereof, or as may, consistently herewith, be prescribed by the Trustee or by the officer executing such Notes and Residual Trust Certificates. No Note or Residual Trust Certificate shall be eligible for deposit with the Depository Trust Company or any other depository, book-entry or certificateless system.
-13-
The Notes shall be issued in minimum denominations of $500,000.
The Notes and Residual Trust Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Trustee by manual signature of a Responsible Officer of the Trustee. Notes and Residual Trust Certificates bearing the manual signature of an individual who was, at the time when such signature was affixed, authorized to sign on behalf of the Trustee shall be valid and binding obligations of the Trustee, notwithstanding that such individual has ceased to be so authorized prior to the authentication and delivery of such Notes and Residual Trust Certificates or did not hold such office at the date of such authentication and delivery. No Note or Residual Trust Certificate shall be entitled to any benefit under this Trust Agreement, or be valid for any purposes, unless there appears on such Note or Residual Trust Certificate a certificate of authentication substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit A-1 or Exhibit A-2 , respectively, with respect to the Note or Residual Trust Certificate executed by the Trustee by manual signature, and such certificate upon any Note or Residual Trust Certificate shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Note or Residual Trust Certificate has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder. All Notes and Residual Trust Certificates shall be dated the date of their authentication.
Section 3.02. Authentication of Note and Residual Trust Certificates. The Trustee shall authenticate and deliver the Note and Residual Trust Certificates on the Closing Date in accordance with the terms of §2.06 .
Section 3.03. Registration of Transfer and Exchange of Notes. (a) The Trustee shall cause to be kept at its principal office a register (the Register ) in which the Trustee shall provide for the registration of the Note and Residual Trust Certificates and of transfers and exchanges of the Note and Residual Trust Certificates as herein provided. The names and addresses of the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders, the transfers of the Note and Residual Trust Certificates and the names and addresses of the transferees of the Note and Residual Trust Certificates shall be registered in the Register.
Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Note or Residual Trust Certificate at the Corporate Trust Office or such other office or agency, the Trustee shall execute, authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Notes or Residual Trust Certificates in authorized denominations of a like Principal amount.
At the option of a Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder, Notes and Residual Trust Certificates may be exchanged for other Notes and Residual Trust Certificates of authorized denominations of a like Principal amount, upon surrender of the Note or Residual Trust Certificates to be exchanged at any such office or agency; provided, however, that any instruction to transfer a Residual Certificate shall be subject to and include the Majority Noteholders consent. Whenever any Note or Residual Trust Certificates are so surrendered for exchange, the Trustee shall execute, authenticate and deliver the Note or Residual Trust Certificate that the Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder making the exchange is entitled to receive. Every Note and Residual Trust Certificate presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Trustee duly executed by a Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder thereof or such Noteholders or Residual Certificateholders attorney duly authorized in writing.
-14-
No service charge shall be made to a Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder for any registration of transfer or exchange of a Note or Residual Trust Certificate, but the Trustee shall require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any transfer or exchange of a Note or Residual Trust Certificate.
Each Note and Residual Trust Certificate surrendered for registration of transfer and exchange shall be cancelled and subsequently destroyed by the Trustee.
(b) No transfer of any Note or Residual Trust Certificate shall be made unless that transfer is made pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act and effective registration or qualification under applicable state securities laws, or is made in a transaction which does not require such registration or qualification. If any such transfer of a Note or Residual Trust Certificate is to be made without registration or qualification, then, as a condition to the registration of any such transfer, the Trustee shall require, in order to assure compliance with such laws, receipt of (i) a certificate from such Noteholders or Residual Certificateholders prospective transferee substantially in the form attached as Exhibit B hereto; and (ii) if such transfer is effectuated during the first two years after the issuance of the Note or Residual Trust Certificate being transferred and § 1 of the transferees certificate does not indicate that such transferee is a qualified institutional buyer as that term is defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act, an Opinion of Counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee to the effect that such transfer may be made without registration under the Securities Act (which Opinion of Counsel shall not be an expense of the Trust or of the Trustee in their respective capacities as such), together with the written certification(s) as to (A) the facts surrounding such transfer from the Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder desiring to effect such transfer and/or such Noteholders or Residual Certificateholders prospective transferee on which such Opinion of Counsel is based and (B) paragraphs 4, 5 and 6 of Exhibit B hereto from such prospective transferee.
The Trustee is not obligated to register or qualify any Note or Residual Trust Certificate under the Securities Act or any applicable securities law or to take any action not otherwise required under this Trust Agreement to permit the transfer of any Note or Residual Trust Certificate without registration or qualification.
As a condition to the purchase of any Note or Residual Trust Certificate, each prospective transferee of a Note shall (A) in the case of any Noteholder only, make the representations and warranties set forth in Section 6 of the Note Purchase Agreement and (B) be deemed to have represented and shall represent that such prospective transferee is acquiring the Note or Residual Trust Certificate for the purpose of investment and not with a view to the distribution thereof, and that such prospective transferee has no present intention of selling, negotiating or otherwise disposing of the Note or Residual Trust Certificate; it being understood, however, that the disposition of such transferees property shall at all times be and remain within its control. Each transfer of a Note or Residual Trust Certificate shall be made in compliance with the terms and provisions of this §3.03(b) .
Section 3.04. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes or Residual Trust Certificates. If (a) any mutilated Note or Residual Trust Certificate is surrendered to the Trustee, or the
-15-
Trustee receives evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Note or Residual Trust Certificate and (b) there is delivered to the Trustee such security, indemnity or bond, as may be required by the Trustee to save it harmless, then, in the absence of notice to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee that such Note or Residual Trust Certificate has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Trustee shall execute, authenticate and deliver, in exchange for or in lieu of any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note or Residual Trust Certificate, a new Note or Residual Trust Certificate of like Principal amount with, in the case of a Note, the same final Payment Date. In connection with the issuance of any new Note or Residual Trust Certificate under this §3.04 , the Trustee shall require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith. Any duplicate Note or Residual Trust Certificate issued pursuant to this §3.04 shall constitute conclusive evidence of the appropriate Principal amount of the Trust, as if originally issued, whether or not the lost, stolen or destroyed Note or Residual Trust Certificate shall be found at any time.
Section 3.05. Persons Deemed Owners. Prior to due presentation of a Note or Residual Trust Certificate for registration of transfer, the Trustee shall treat the person in whose name any Note or Residual Trust Certificate is registered as the owner of such Note or Residual Trust Certificate for the purpose of receiving distributions pursuant to Article IV and for all other purposes whatsoever, and the Trustee shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary.
Section 3.06. Cancellation. All Notes or Residual Trust Certificates surrendered for payment, registration of transfer or exchange shall, if surrendered to any Person that is a party hereto other than the Trustee, be delivered by such Person to the Trustee for cancellation. No Note or Residual Trust Certificate shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Note or Residual Trust Certificate cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Trust Agreement. Each cancelled Note and Residual Trust Certificate held by the Trustee shall be destroyed.
Section 3.07. Limitation of Liability for Payments. All payments or distributions made to the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders under this Trust Agreement shall be made only from the Trust Estate and only to the extent that the Trustee shall have sufficient income or proceeds from the Trust Estate to make such payments in accordance with the terms of Article IV of this Trust Agreement. Each Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder, by its acceptance of such Note or Residual Trust Certificate, agrees that it will look solely to the distributions with respect to, income and proceeds from the Trust Estate (but only to the extent related to such Note or Residual Trust Certificate) to the extent available for distribution to the Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders thereof as provided in this Trust Agreement. Nothing in this Trust Agreement shall be construed as an agreement, or otherwise creating an obligation, of the Trustee to pay any of the amounts due from time to time in respect of the Note or Residual Trust Certificates. In connection with each Residual Trust Certificate, each Borrower, as an initial Residual Certificateholder, hereby acknowledges and agrees that it is only entitled to receive distributions, income and proceeds from the Trust Estate to the extent related to the Contract Payments pledged by such Borrower to the Trust pursuant to the applicable Security Agreement. Any such amounts due to a Residual Certificateholder shall be calculated by the Servicer, and distributed by the Trustee upon its receipt of a written direction with respect thereto from the Servicer.
-16-
Section 3.08. Residual Trust Certificate. The Trustee will issue to the applicable Borrower a Residual Trust Certificate in substantially the form of Exhibit A-2 hereto to evidence a fractional residual beneficial interest in the Trust in an amount and percentage to be calculated and directed by the Servicer, which is equal to (x) the then-current outstanding principal balance of the Promissory Note issued by such Borrower divided by (y) the aggregate Note Principal Balance as of the calculation date. Each Residual Trust Certificate shall bear a legend substantially to the following effect:
This Residual Trust Certificate was originally issued in a transaction exempt from Registration under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and this Residual Trust Certificate may not be offered, sold or otherwise transferred in the absence of such Registration or an applicable exemption therefrom.
A RTICLE IV
E STABLISHMENT AND A DMINISTRATION OF A CCOUNTS
Section 4.01. Accounts. Within the Trust Estate created under this Trust Agreement or created under any Trust Agreement Supplement, there may be established with the Trustee the following accounts (each, an Account ), to the extent required:
(a) the Note Payment Account described in §4.02 ; and
(b) the Construction Account described in §4.03 .
The Trustee shall maintain separate records for each such Account and Subaccount (if any), and the Trustee shall establish and maintain such other accounts, subaccounts and sub-subaccounts as the Majority Noteholder may direct from time to time. The Trustee shall keep the Accounts of the Trust Estate separate and apart from all other funds and monies held by it, and shall withdraw and transfer any sums contained therein only as provided in this Trust Agreement or in any Trust Agreement Supplement. The Trustee shall administer and maintain the Accounts of the Trust Estate in accordance with the terms of this Trust Agreement and any Trust Agreement Supplements.
Section 4.02. Establishment and Application of Note Payment Account. (a) Within the Trust Estate, there shall be hereby established a special Account to be designated as the Note Payment Account. The Note Payment Account shall be administered as provided in this §4.02 .
(b) As directed by the Servicer, the Trustee shall cause funds in the Note Payment Account to be applied to the payment of Interest and/or Principal due on the Note on each Payment Date or as required in connection with a redemption under §9.02 .
(c) When no Notes or obligations under this Trust Agreement remain Outstanding, and all sums due the Trustee have been paid, and no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall disburse the balance, if any, in the Note Payment Account to the Residual Certificateholders upon receipt of written direction of the Servicer accompanied by an Officers Certificate of the Servicer and the Residual Certificateholders.
-17-
Section 4.03. Establishment and Application of Construction Account. (a) Within the Trust Estate, there shall be hereby established an Account to be designated as the Construction Account.
(b) On the Closing Date, $50,380,297.95 of the proceeds of Purchase Price shall be deposited in the Construction Account.
(c) As directed by the Servicer, the Trustee shall make disbursements required to be made by the Borrowers under the Underlying Financing Agreement.
Section 4.04. Deposit and Investment of Moneys in Trust Estate; Certain Transfers and Distributions. (a) All monies held in the Trust Estate shall at the written direction of the Servicer be invested by the Trustee in Specified Investments selected by the Servicer, having due regard for the dates upon which such monies will be required for uses and purposes specified in this Trust Agreement. If Servicer fails to so direct Trustee or fails to direct by 11:00 a.m. on the date on which the term of any Specified Investment terminates, monies held or amounts in respect of such terminating Specified Investment, as the case may be, shall be uninvested.
(b) All interest or other income earned on funds held in any Account shall be distributed to the applicable Residual Certificateholder on a monthly basis at the direction of the Servicer so long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing.
(c) The Trustee shall not be liable for any loss resulting from the making or disposition of any investment pursuant to the provisions of §4.11(a) , and any such losses shall be charged to the Accounts with respect to which such investment was made.
(d) In making investments in any Specified Investments with monies in any Account or Subaccount established under this Trust Agreement, the Trustee, upon written direction of an Authorized Representative of the Servicer, may provide for management of such Specified Investments through a forward delivery agreement or other similar arrangement.
Section 4.05. Release of Trust Estate. (a) If and when (i) the Note shall have become due and payable in accordance with their respective terms, and the whole amount of the Principal and the Interest so due and payable upon such Note, and all administrative expenses (including Trustee fees and expenses) under this Trust Agreement have been paid or provided for with respect to the Note, or (ii)(A) there shall have been deposited with the Trustee monies in an amount which shall be sufficient to pay when due the Principal of and Interest due and to become due on the Note on or prior to the maturity date thereof, and (B) provisions shall have been made with the Trustee that, other than the amounts designated in clause (1) of the parenthetical provision set forth below in this §4.05(a) , no monies deposited with the Trustee pursuant to this §4.05 shall be withdrawn or used for any purposes other than, and shall be held in trust for, the payment of Principal and Interest on the Note (provided that any cash not required for such purpose, (1) to the extent that such cash will not be required at any time for such purpose and all related administrative expenses (including Trustee fees and expenses) hereunder have been paid or provided for, shall be paid over to the applicable Residual Certificateholder as received by the Trustee together with any balances in any Account or
-18-
Subaccount created (other than by this §4.05 ) under this Trust Agreement, free and clear of any trust, lien or pledge or assignment securing the Note, and (2) to the extent such cash will be required for such purpose at a later date, shall to the extent practicable, at the written direction of the applicable Servicer, be reinvested in Investment Securities (as defined below) maturing at times and in amounts sufficient to pay when due the Principal and Interest to become due on the Note, on or prior to the maturity date thereof and interest earned from such reinvestments, to the extent that such interest shall not be required for such purpose and all related administrative expenses (including Trustee fees and expenses) hereunder have been paid or provided for, shall be paid over to the applicable Residual Certificateholder as received by the Trustee, free and clear of any trust, lien, pledge or assignment securing the Note), then upon written order of the Residual Certificateholder accompanied by an Officers Certificate of the Residual Certificateholder, the Trustee shall assign and transfer to the Residual Certificateholder or its designee, all cash and real or personal property (in excess of the amounts required for the foregoing) then held by the Trustee. For the purposes of this §4.05 , Investment Securities shall mean only the types of securities that are non-callable and which are listed in clause (i) of the definition of Specified Investments acceptable to the Required Certificateholders in their sole and absolute discretion.
(b) Upon compliance with the provisions of clauses (i) or (ii) of §4.05(a) , in connection with the assignment and transfer described therein to the Residual Certificateholders the Trustee shall execute such documents prepared by the Residual Certificateholders (or such designee) as may be reasonably required by it in this regard, all to the extent permitted by applicable law, and thereafter no party hereto shall have any further obligations under this Trust Agreement or any other Transaction Document, other than continued compliance, to the extent required therein, with §4.05(a) ; provided, however, that provision for payment of Principal and Interest on the Notes shall not be deemed to have been made pursuant to clause (ii) of §4.05(a) , (x) until the Trustee has received the opinion of a certified public accountant of recognized national standing (the costs of which opinion shall be paid for by the applicable Residual Certificateholder) that the monies and Investment Securities on deposit with the Trustee will be sufficient in time and amount to pay all amounts due on the Notes, and (y) until the Trustee has received an Opinion of Counsel acceptable to the Required Certificateholder in their sole and absolute discretion that the monies and Investment Securities on deposit with the Trustee cannot be recovered by a trustee in bankruptcy upon the bankruptcy of the relevant Residual Certificateholder pursuant to Sections 544, 547 and 550 of the United States Bankruptcy Code.
A RTICLE V
D EFAULT
Section 5.01. Events of Default. The occurrence of any action or omission which creates a default (after giving effect to any applicable grace periods or cure rights) under any Transaction Document shall constitute an Event of Default.
-19-
Section 5.02. Incidents of Sale of Trust Estate . Upon any sale of all or any part of the Trust Estate, conducted in a commercially reasonable manner and made either under the power of sale given under this Trust Agreement or otherwise for the enforcement of this Trust Agreement, the following shall be applicable:
(a) Noteholders, Residual Certificateholders and Trustee May Purchase Trust Estate. Any Noteholder, Residual Certificateholder or the Trustee in its individual or any other capacity or any other Person may bid for and purchase such Trust Estate, and upon compliance with the terms of sale, may hold, retain, possess and dispose of such Trust Estate in their or its own absolute right without further accountability.
(b) Application of Moneys Received upon Sale . Any moneys collected by the Trustee upon any sale made either under the power of sale given by this Trust Agreement or otherwise for the enforcement of this Trust Agreement, shall be applied as provided in Article IV .
Section 5.03. Power of Sale; Judicial Proceedings Instituted by Trustee . If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, subject to the provisions of §5.04 , the Trustee, by such officer or agent as it may appoint, shall, at the direction of the Majority Noteholder:
(a) sell, to the extent permitted by law, without recourse, for cash, or credit or for other property, for immediate or future delivery, and for such price or prices and on such terms as a the Majority Noteholder shall agree, the Trust Estate, or in any such portions as the Majority Noteholder shall request, or, in the absence of such request, as the Trustee in its discretion shall deem expedient in the interest of the Noteholder, at public or private sale; or
(b) proceed by one or more suits, actions or proceedings at law or in equity or otherwise or by any other appropriate remedy, or to foreclose on the Trust Estate pursuant to this Trust Agreement, or to sell the Trust Estate under a judgment or decree of a court or courts of competent jurisdiction, or by the enforcement of any such other appropriate legal or equitable remedy, as the Trustee, being advised by counsel, shall deem most effective to protect and enforce any of its rights or powers or any of the rights or powers of the affected Noteholder.
Section 5.04. Control by Majority Noteholder . The Majority Noteholder shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee under this Trust Agreement, including any right of the Trustee under the Transaction Documents; provided that:
(a) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Trust Agreement and would not involve the Trustee in personal liability or expense;
(b) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction; and
(c) the Majority Noteholder shall have provided to the Trustee such indemnity for the reasonable costs, expenses and liability associated with any such action as the Trustee may reasonably require;
-20-
provided, however, that such direction shall be subject to §5.06, §5.07 and §8.02 ; and provided further, that subject to §6.01 , the Trustee need not take any action that it determines might involve it in liability or might materially adversely affect the rights of any Noteholder not consenting to such action.
If the Trustee shall not have received instructions from the Majority Noteholder with respect to the exercise of any remedy available to the Trustee or the exercise of any trust or power conferred on the Trustee under this Trust Agreement within twenty one (21) Business Days after request therefor from the Trustee, the Trustee may, subject to instructions thereafter delivered by the Majority Noteholder, take such action, or refrain from taking such action, but shall be under no duty to take or refrain from taking any action, with respect to any such event and shall use the same degree of care and skill in connection therewith as a prudent Person would use under the circumstances in the conduct of its own affairs.
Section 5.05. Waiver of Past Defaults . The Majority Noteholder may on behalf of the Noteholders waive any past Event of Default and its consequences, except any of the following defaults (which may be waived with and only with the consent of the Noteholder of each Outstanding Note affected)
(a) in the distribution of any payment under §4.04 on the Note, or
(b) in the payment of the Principal of, premium, if any, or Interest on such Note, or
(c) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article VIII hereof cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Noteholder of each Outstanding Note affected.
Upon any such waiver, such default or Event of Default shall cease to exist, and any default or Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Trust Agreement; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon. Upon any such waiver, the Trustee shall waive such default or Event of Default.
Section 5.06. Right of Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders to Receive Payments Not to Be Impaired . Anything in this Trust Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, including, without limitation, §5.07 hereof, the right of any Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder to receive distributions of payments required pursuant to Article IV hereof on the Note or Residual Trust Certificates when due, or to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder.
-21-
Section 5.07. Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders May Not Bring Suit Except under Certain Conditions . No Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder shall have the right to institute any suit, action or proceeding at law or in equity or otherwise with respect to this Trust Agreement, for the appointment of a receiver or for the enforcement of any other remedy under this Trust Agreement, unless:
(a) such Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder previously shall have given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default;
(b) the Majority Noteholder shall have requested the Trustee in writing to institute such action, suit or proceeding and shall have offered to the Trustee indemnity as provided in §6.02(d) ;
(c) the Trustee shall have refused or neglected to institute any such action, suit or proceeding for 30 days after receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity; and
(d) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 30-day period by the Majority Noteholder.
It is understood and intended that no one or more of the Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders shall have any right in any manner whatever hereunder or under the Note or Residual Trust Certificates to (i) surrender, impair, waive, affect, disturb or prejudice any property which is part of the Trust Estate or the rights of the Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders, (ii) obtain or seek to obtain priority over or preference to, in the case of Noteholder, any other such Noteholder and, in case of a Residual Certificateholders, any other such Residual Certificateholder or (iii) enforce any right under this Trust Agreement, except in the manner herein provided.
Section 5.08. Judicial Proceedings Instituted by Trustee. (a) The Trustee is hereby irrevocably appointed (and the successive respective Noteholder(s) and Residual Certificateholders, by taking and holding the same, shall each be conclusively deemed to have so appointed the Trustee) the true and lawful attorney-in-fact of the respective Noteholder, with authority to (i) make and file in the respective names of the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders (subject to deduction from any such claims of the amounts of any claims filed by any of the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders themselves), any claim, proof of claim or amendment thereof, debt, proof of debt or amendment thereof, petition or other document in any such proceedings and to receive payment of any amounts distributable on account thereof, (ii) execute any such other papers and documents and to do and perform any and all such acts and things for and on behalf of such Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders, as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the respective claims of the Trustee and of the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders against the Trust Estate or any other such obligor, allowed in any such proceeding and (iii) receive payment of or on account of such claims and debt; provided, however, that nothing contained in this Trust Agreement shall be deemed to give to the Trustee any right to accept or consent to any plan of reorganization or otherwise by action of any character in any such proceeding to waive or change in any way any right of any Noteholder and/or Residual Certificateholder. Any monies collected by the Trustee under this Section shall be applied as provided in Article IV .
-22-
(b) All rights of action and of asserting claims under this Trust Agreement or under any may be enforced by the Trustee without possession of the Note or Residual Trust Certificates or the production thereof at the trial or other proceedings relative thereto.
(c) Any suit, action or other proceeding at law, in equity or otherwise which shall be instituted by the Trustee under any of the provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be for the equal, ratable and common benefit of the Noteholder and Residual Trust Certificates, subject to the provisions of this Trust Agreement.
Section 5.09. Remedies on Event of Default. (a) Except as set forth in §5.09(c) , upon the occurrence of an Event of Default as described in §5.01 above, the Trustee shall, upon the instruction of the Majority Noteholder, exercise any one or more of the following remedies:
(i) exercise its rights under this Trust Agreement with respect to the Transaction Documents, including its rights under the Uniform Commercial Code in effect in the applicable jurisdiction, in which case any proceeds of a sale or foreclosure with respect to such Transaction Documents shall be deposited with the Trustee;
(ii) pursue any claim and exercise any other right, remedy or privilege which may be available to it under applicable law against the relevant Borrower;
(iii) exercise any right, remedy or privilege which may be available to it under applicable law;
(iv) utilize any monies held by the Trustee under the terms of this Trust Agreement (i) in connection with the exercise of such rights, powers and privileges, or (ii) to pay Principal of and Interest on the Note; or
(v) declare the Note to be immediately due and payable.
All of the Trustees remedies hereunder shall be cumulative and the exercise of any remedy shall not preclude the exercise of any other remedy available to the Trustee.
(b) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, the Trustee shall apply all monies (on each Payment Date, unless the Note has been accelerated hereunder) in all Accounts to the payment on the Principal of and Interest on the Note until the Note has been paid in full.
(c) If the Note has been accelerated and there are not sufficient monies available in the Accounts and Subaccounts to pay in full the Interest accrued to the acceleration date and the Principal amount of the Notes then outstanding, the Trustee shall apply available monies first to the payment of Interest accrued to such acceleration date with respect to the Notes pro rata , if necessary, according to the total Interest so accrued, and second to the payment of Principal with respect to the Notes, pro rata if necessary according to the total Principal amount hereof then outstanding.
-23-
Section 5.10. Remedies Cumulative . Every remedy given hereunder to the Trustee or to any of the Noteholders or Residual Certificateholders shall not be exclusive of any other remedy or remedies, and every such remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to every other remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter given by statute, law, equity or otherwise.
Section 5.11. Application of Monies Collected by Trustee. Any monies collected or to be applied by the Trustee pursuant to this Article, together with any other monies which may then be held in trust by the Trustee under any of the provisions of this Trust Agreement (other than monies at the time required to be held for the payment of specific Notes at their stated maturities or at a time fixed for the redemption thereof) shall be applied in the following order from time to time, on the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in the case of a distribution of such monies on account of Principal, premium, if any, or Interest, upon presentation of the several Outstanding Notes, and stamping thereon of payment, if only partially paid, and upon surrender thereof, if fully paid:
F IRST : to the payment of all taxes, assessments or liens, imposed upon or payable from such portion of the Trust Estate and, except those subject to which any sale shall have been made, all reasonable costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable costs and expenses of handling the Collateral and of any sale thereof pursuant to the provisions of this Article and of the enforcement of any remedies hereunder, and to the payment of all amounts due the Trustee or any predecessor Trustee;
S ECOND : to the payment of all Delinquency Advances and other amounts then due to the Servicer as provided in this Trust Agreement;
T HIRD : in case the Principal of the Notes shall not have become due, to the payment of any Interest on Notes in default, in the order of the maturity of the installments of such Interest, with Interest at the rates specified in the Notes in respect of overdue payments (to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable) on the overdue installments thereof ratably, without discrimination or preference;
F OURTH : in case the Principal of all the Notes shall have become due at their stated maturities, by declaration, upon redemption or otherwise, to the payment of the whole amount then due and unpaid upon the Notes then Outstanding for Principal, premium, if any, and Interest, together with Interest at the respective rates specified in the Notes in respect of overdue payments on Principal, premium, if any, and (to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable) on overdue installments of Interest, and, in case such proceeds shall be insufficient to pay in full the whole amount so due and unpaid, then to the payment of such Principal, premium, if any, and Interest on Notes ratably, without discrimination or preference; and
-24-
F IFTH : in case the Principal of all the Notes shall have become due at their stated maturities, by declaration, upon redemption or otherwise, and all of such Notes shall have been fully paid, together with all interest (including any interest on overdue payments) and premium, if any, thereon, any surplus then remaining shall be paid pro-rata to the holders of the Residual Trust Certificates, or to whomsoever may be lawfully entitled to receive the same, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may direct.
A RTICLE VI
T HE T RUSTEE
Section 6.01. Certain Duties and Responsibilities . (a) The Trustee undertakes (i) except during the continuance of an Event of Default actually known to the Trustee, to perform such duties as are specifically set forth in this Trust Agreement, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Trust Agreement against the Trustee; and (ii) while an Event of Default actually known to the Trustee shall have occurred and be continuing, to exercise such of the rights and powers as are vested in it by this Trust Agreement, and to use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise as a prudent Person would exercise or use under the circumstances.
(b) The Trustee in good faith may conclusively rely and act, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon instructions, Note or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Trust Agreement; but in the case of any such instructions, Note or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Trust Agreement; provided, however, that the Trustee shall not be responsible for the accuracy or content of any such instructions, certificate or opinion.
(c) No provision of this Trust Agreement shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:
(i) this §6.01(c) shall not be construed to limit the effect of §6.01(a) ;
(ii) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;
(iii) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the an Opinion of Counsel or Direction of the Majority Noteholder with which the Trustee is required by the provisions hereof to comply;
(iv) if an Event of Default shall have occurred, the Trustee shall not be under any obligation to take any action under this Trust Agreement which may tend to involve it in any expense or liability, the payment of which within a reasonable time is not, in its reasonable opinion, assured to it by the security afforded to it by the terms of this Trust
-25-
Agreement, unless and until requested in writing so to do by the Majority Noteholder and furnished, from time to time as it may require, with reasonable security or indemnity severally but not jointly based on each Noteholders Fractional Undivided Interest;
(v) if an Event of Default shall have occurred, whenever it is provided in this Trust Agreement that the Trustee consent to any act or omission by any Person or that the Trustee exercise its discretion in any manner, the Trustee shall seek the written acquiescence of the Majority Noteholder and, unless written evidence of such acquiescence has been received by the Trustee, it shall be fully justified in refusing so to consent or so to exercise its discretion; and
(vi) In no event shall Trustee be liable for any: (A) losses arising from acting in accordance with instructions or any Request; (B) losses that are loss of business, loss of profits or loss of opportunity or any indirect or consequential loss; (C) losses incurred as a result of the receipt or acceptance of fraudulent, forged or invalid documents, including but not limited to, the receipt or acceptance of a fraudulent, forged or invalid Request; (D) losses due to forces beyond the control of Trustee including but not limited to strikes, work stoppages, acts of war, terrorism, acts of God, governmental actions, interruption, loss or malfunction of utilities, communications or computer (software or hardware) services; (E) losses arising due to Trustee receiving or transmitting data or instructions to or from any party via any non-secure method of transmission or communication; or (F) special, punitive or consequential damages.
(d) Whether or not herein expressly so provided, every provision of this Trust Agreement relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section.
Section 6.02. Certain Rights of Trustee . Except as otherwise provided in §6.01 :
(a) the Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting in reliance upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, instructions, waiver, notice, Request, Direction, consent, order, bond, debenture or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;
(b) whenever in the administration of this Trust Agreement the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon a Direction of the Majority Noteholder;
(c) the Trustee may consult with counsel and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;
-26-
(d) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Trust Agreement at the Request or Direction of any of the Noteholders pursuant to this Trust Agreement, unless the Noteholders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity severally but not jointly based on each Noteholders Fractional Undivided Interest against the cost, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such Request or Direction (other than those duties which are specifically described in Exhibit C to this Trust Agreement) and the right of the Trustee to perform any discretionary act enumerated in this Trust Agreement shall not be construed as a duty;
(e) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, instructions, Request, Direction, consent, order, bond, debenture or other paper or document;
(f) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or gross negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in the Trustees selection of such an agent;
(g) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any act or omission of the Servicer or actions taken or omitted to be taken in accordance with the instructions of the Servicer or the Noteholder, in both cases pursuant to the provisions of this Trust Agreement;
(h) no provision of this Trust Agreement shall require the Trustee to expend or risk funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its rights or powers hereunder, if the Trustee shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured or provided to it; and
(i) under no circumstances shall the Trustee be liable for indebtedness evidenced by or arising under any of the Transaction Documents, including the Principal of and Interest on the Notes.
Section 6.03. Not Responsible for Recitals, Notes, Residual Trust Certificates or Purchase Agreement . The recitals contained herein and in the Note and the Residual Trust Certificates, except the certificates of authentication, shall not be taken as the statements of the Trustee, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee shall not be responsible for the form, character, genuineness, sufficiency, value or validity of any of the Trust Estate. Subject to §6.13 , the Trustee makes no other representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Trust Agreement, any Collateral, the Note, the Residual Trust Certificates or
-27-
any of the Transaction Documents, except that the Trustee hereby represents and warrants that this Trust Agreement has been, and each Note and Residual Trust Certificate will be, executed and delivered by one of its officers who is duly authorized to execute and deliver such document on its behalf.
The Trustee shall at no time have any responsibility or liability for or with respect to the legality, validity and enforceability of any Collateral, or the perfection and priority of any item of the Trust Estate or the maintenance of any such perfection and priority or for or with respect to the sufficiency of the Trust Estate or its ability to generate the payments to be distributed to the Noteholders and Residual Certificateholders under this Trust Agreement; the existence and enforceability of any hazard insurance thereon; the validity of the assignment of any Collateral to the Trustee or of any intervening assignment; the completeness of any Collateral; the performance or enforcement of any Collateral; the compliance by any Person other than the Trustee with any warranty or representation made under this Trust Agreement or in any related document or the accuracy of any such warranty or representation; or any action by the Trustee taken at the instruction of the requisite percentage of Noteholders.
Section 6.04. May Hold Notes and Residual Trust Certificates . The Trustee, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Notes or Residual Trust Certificates. Furthermore, the Trustee may transact any banking or trust business with the Noteholder, the Residual Certificateholders or any of their respective Affiliates.
Section 6.05. Money Held in Trust . Money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required herein or by law and the Trustee shall not have any liability for interest upon any such moneys except as provided for herein.
Section 6.06. Compensation, Reimbursement and Indemnification . (a) The Trustee agrees:
(i) to pay, or cause to be paid, out of the Trust Estate to the Trustee in its individual capacity in accordance with the terms hereof, the Trustee Fee for all services rendered by it hereunder in the ordinary course of the administration of the Trust other than services described in clause (b) below (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust); and
(ii) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, after the occurrence of an Event of Default, to reimburse, or cause to be reimbursed from monies on deposit in the Accounts, the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Trust Agreement relating to the administration of that portion of the Trust by the Trustee which is the subject of an Event of Default (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of such agents, representatives, servicers, experts and counsel as the Trustee may reasonably employ in connection with the exercise and performance of its powers and duties in connection therewith, including counsel for purposes of §6.02(c) ), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its gross negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith; provided that
-28-
it is understood and agreed that the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Note and the Residual Certificates upon funds held in the Accounts for such permitted costs and expenses.
(b) Any Opinion of Counsel which is requested by the Trustee shall be delivered at the expense of the Trust and paid in accordance with the terms and provisions of §6.06(a)(ii) .
(c) All Uniform Commercial Code filings described in §§7.03 and 12.11(b) shall be made by the Servicer at the expense of the Trust. Upon written request for reimbursement, the Trust shall promptly reimburse such amounts to the Servicer.
(d) In addition, the Trustee shall be entitled to reimbursement from, and shall have a lien prior to the Note and Residual Trust Certificates upon, all property and funds held or collected by the Trustee in its capacity as Trustee for any tax incurred without gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct, on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the Trust (other than any tax attributable to the Trustees compensation for serving as such), including any costs and expenses incurred in contesting the imposition of any such tax. If the Trustee reimburses itself for any such tax it will within 30 days mail a brief report setting forth the circumstances thereof to all Noteholders and Residual Certificateholders as their names and addresses appear in the Register.
(e) The Trustee and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Trustee shall be indemnified by the Borrowers, the Servicer, and the Trust Estate and held harmless against any claim, loss, liability or expense (including reasonable attorneys fees and expenses) incurred in connection with any breach of this Trust Agreement by any other party hereto, and any claim or legal action, including any pending or threatened claim or legal action relating to the acceptance or administration of its trusts and duties hereunder or the Note and Residual Trust Certificates, other than (i) allocable overhead, (ii) expenses or disbursements incurred or made by or on behalf of the Trustee in the normal course of the Trustees performing its routine duties unrelated to such breach or default in accordance with any of the provisions hereof, (iii) any expense or liability specifically required to be borne by the Trustee pursuant to the terms hereof, or (iv) any claim, loss, liability or expense incurred by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties hereunder (subject to § 6.01(c) herein) or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties hereunder or by reason of its failure to use ordinary care in receiving, handling or disbursing funds The provisions of this §6.06(e) survive the termination of this Trust Agreement or the resignation or removal of the Trustee hereunder.
(f) It is understood and agreed by the Residual Certificateholders, the Borrowers and the Noteholder that the payment of the compensation, fees and expenses of the Trustee pursuant to the terms and conditions of this §6.06 shall have the right of payment prior to the payments hereunder to the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders.
Section 6.07. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility . There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be an institution organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any State thereof, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least $500,000,000 (or the
-29-
obligations and liabilities of which are irrevocably and unconditionally guaranteed by an affiliated Person having a combined capital and surplus of at least $500,000,000), and subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article.
Section 6.08. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor . (a) No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee under §6.09 .
(b) The Trustee may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders. If an instrument of acceptance by a successor trustee shall not have been delivered to the Noteholder and the Residual Certificateholders within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor trustee.
(c) The Trustee may be removed at any time for cause, by an Act of the Majority Noteholder delivered to the Trustee. Such Act shall specify the date when such removal shall take effect, but in no event shall the date of such removal be sooner than 30 days following notice to the Trustee.
(d) If a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall obtain written notice or actual knowledge of an Avoidable Tax (as hereinafter defined) which has been asserted, the Trustee shall promptly notify the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders thereof and shall, within 30 days of Request by the Noteholder, resign hereunder unless within such 30-day period the Trustee shall have received notice that the Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders have agreed to pay such tax. Following such resignation, the Majority Noteholder shall promptly appoint a successor trustee in a jurisdiction where there are no Avoidable Taxes. As used herein an Avoidable Tax shall mean a state or local tax: (i) upon (A) the Trust, (B) the Trust Estate, (C) a Noteholder, (D) a Residual Certificateholder, (E) the Trustee for which the Trustee is entitled to seek reimbursement from the Trust Estate, and (ii) which would be avoided if the Trustee were located in another state, or jurisdiction within a state, within the United States. A tax shall not be an Avoidable Tax if the Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders shall have agreed to pay, and shall pay, such tax.
(e) If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of the Trustee for any reason, the Majority Noteholder shall promptly appoint a successor trustee. The successor trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment, become the Trustee. If no successor trustee shall have been so appointed as provided above and accepted appointment in the manner hereinafter provided, any Noteholder who has been a bona fide Noteholder for at least six months may, on behalf of itself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor trustee and, if no Noteholder has been a bona fide Noteholder for at least six months, any Noteholder may so petition such a court.
-30-
(f) The successor trustee shall give notice of the resignation and removal of the Trustee and appointment of the successor trustee by mailing written notice of such event by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders as their names and addresses appear in the Register. Each notice shall include the name of such successor trustee and the address of its corporate trust office which shall be the Corporate Trust Office.
Section 6.09. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor . Every successor trustee appointed hereunder shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective in respect and such successor trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on request of the successor trustee and at its expense, such retiring Trustee shall execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder, subject nevertheless to its lien, if any, provided for in §6.06 . Upon request of any such successor trustee and at the successor trustees expense, the retiring Trustee and such successor trustee shall execute and deliver any and all instruments containing such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and for more fully and certainly vesting in, such successor trustee all such rights, powers and trusts.
No successor trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor trustee shall be qualified and eligible under this Article.
Section 6.10. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business . Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided that such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Notes or Residual Trust Certificates shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Notes and Residual Trust Certificates so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor trustee had itself authenticated the Notes and Residual Trust Certificates.
Section 6.11. Money for Note and Residual Trust Certificate Payments to Be Held in Trust . All moneys deposited with the Trustee for the purpose of any payment on Notes and Residual Trust Certificates shall be deposited and held in trust for the benefit of the Noteholder and the Residual Certificateholders entitled to such payment. Moneys so deposited and held in trust shall constitute a separate trust fund for the benefit of the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders with respect to which such money was deposited.
-31-
Section 6.12. Trust Estate in Trustees Name . The Trustee hereby declares that it will hold the Trust Estate in trust upon and subject to the conditions set forth herein for the use and benefit of the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders, subject to the obligations of the Trustee under the Transaction Documents to which it is a party. Legal title to all of the Trust Estate shall be vested at all times in the Trustee, in its capacity as Trustee for the Trust, as a separate legal entity except where applicable law in any jurisdiction requires title to any part of the Trust Estate to be vested in a trustee or trustee, in which case title shall be deemed to be vested in the Trustee, a co-trustee and/or separate trustee, as the case may be.
Section 6.13. Representations and Warranties of Trustee . The Trustee hereby represents and warrants that as of the date hereof:
(a) The Trustee is a national banking association duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws of the United States of America;
(b) The Trustee has full power, authority and legal right under the laws of the United States of America pertaining to its banking and trust powers to execute, deliver, and perform the Trust Agreement, the Promissory Notes, the Security Agreements, the Note Purchase Agreement and all other Transaction Documents to be executed by the Trustee and to authenticate and deliver the Note and Residual Trust Certificates and has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery, and performance by it of the Trust Agreement, the Promissory Notes, the Security Agreements, the Note Purchase Agreement and all other Transaction Documents to be executed by the Trustee and to authenticate and deliver the Note and Residual Trust Certificates;
(c) The execution, delivery and performance by the Trustee of the Trust Agreement, the Promissory Notes, the Security Agreements, the Note Purchase Agreement and all other Transaction Documents to be executed by the Trustee and the authentication and delivery of the Note and Residual Trust Certificates will not contravene any law, rule or regulation of any governmental authority or agency regulating the Trustees banking or trust powers or any judgment or order applicable to or binding on the Trustee and will not contravene or result in any breach of, or constitute a default under, the Trustees articles of association or by-laws or the provision of any material indenture, mortgage, contract or other agreement to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound; provided, however, that no representation or warranty is made as to any approvals, consents and orders as may be required under any Blue Sky, state or federal securities laws or regulations;
(d) The execution, delivery and performance by the Trustee of the Trust Agreement, the Promissory Notes, the Security Agreements, the Note Purchase Agreements and all other Transaction Documents to be executed by the Trustee and the authentication and delivery of the Note and Residual Trust Certificates will not require the authorization, consent, or approval of, the giving of notice to, the filing or registration with, or the taking of any other action in respect of, any governmental authority or agency regulating and having jurisdiction over the banking or trust activities of the Trustee, except (a) in each case as have been previously made, taken or obtained, (b) any
-32-
approval, authorization, filing or other action which are necessary to perfect any security interests granted under the such documents, (c) filings which are necessary in order to release any liens, (d) consents, approvals, authorizations or filings as may be required to be obtained or made by any party (other than the Trustee) as a result of its involvement in the transactions contemplated by such documents, and (e) any approval, authorization, or filing or registration as may be required under any Blue Sky, state or federal securities laws or regulations; and
(e) The Trust Agreement, the Promissory Notes, the Security Agreements, the Note Purchase Agreement and all other Transaction Documents to be executed by the Trustee and the authentication and delivery of the Note and Residual Trust Certificates have been, or upon execution and delivery thereof will be, duly executed and delivered by the Trustee and constitute the legal, valid, and binding agreements of the Trustee, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance and similar laws affecting creditors rights generally, and general principles of equity (regardless of whether the application of such principles is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).
Section 6.14. Information Reporting . The Trustee agrees to file (at the expense of the Servicer) any information reports as it may be provided and directed by the Servicer.
Section 6.15. Co-Trustees . At any time with the prior written consent of the Required Noteholder, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld, for the purpose of meeting any legal requirements of any jurisdiction in which any part of the Trust Estate may at the time be located, the Trustee shall have the power and shall execute and deliver all instruments, to appoint one or more Persons approved by the Trustee, to act as co-trustee or co-trustees, jointly with the Trustee, or separate trustee or separate trustees, of all or any part of the Trust Estate, and to vest in such Person or Person, in such capacity, such title to the Trust Estate or any part thereof, and such rights, powers, duties, trusts or obligations as the Trustee may consider necessary or desirable.
No co-trustee or separate trustee hereunder shall be required to meet the terms of eligibility as a successor trustee under §6.07 herein. The fees and expenses of any co-trustee or separate trustee shall be an expense of the Trust. In the case of any appointment of a co-trustee or separate trustee pursuant to this §6.16 , all rights, powers, duties and obligations conferred or imposed upon the Trustee shall be conferred or imposed upon and exercised or performed by the Trustee, and such separate trustee or co-trustee jointly, except to the extent that under any law of any jurisdiction in which any particular act or acts are to be performed (whether as Trustee hereunder or successor to the Trustee hereunder), the Trustee shall be incompetent or unqualified to perform such act or acts, in which event such rights, powers, duties and obligations (including the holding of title to the Trust Estate or any portion thereof in any such jurisdiction) shall be exercised and performed by such separate trustee or co-trustee at the direction of the Trustee.
Subject to §6.01 (c) herein, no trustee hereunder shall be held personally liable by reason of any act or omission of any other trustee hereunder. The Trustee may at any time accept the resignation of or remove any separate trustee or co-trustees. Any notice, request or other writing
-33-
given to the Trustee shall be deemed to have been given to each of the then separate trustees and co-trustees as effectively as if given to each of them. Every instrument appointing any separate trustee or co-trustee shall refer to this Trust Agreement and the conditions of this Article VI . Each separate trustee and co-trustee, upon its acceptance of the trusts conferred, shall be vested with the estates or property specified in its instrument of appointment, either jointly with the Trustee or separately, as may be provided therein, subject to all the provisions of this Trust Agreement specifically including every provision of this Trust Agreement relating to the conduct of, affecting the liability of, or affording protection to, the Trustee. Every such instrument shall be filed with the Trustee.
Any separate trustee or co-trustee may, at any time, constitute the Trustee, its agent or attorney-in-fact, with full power and authority, to the extent not prohibited by law, to do any lawful act under or in respect of this Trust Agreement on its behalf and in its name. If any separate trustee or co-trustee shall die, become incapable of acting, resign or be removed, all of its estates, properties, rights, remedies and trusts shall vest in and be exercised by the Trustee, to the extent permitted by law, without the appointment of a new or successor trustee.
Section 6.16. Trustees Disclaimers
(a) The Trustee has not provided and will not provide in the future, any advice, counsel or opinion regarding the tax, financial, investment, securities law or insurance implications, treatment or consequences of this Trust Agreement or the trust property. The Trustee shall not be responsible or liable the enforceability, collectability, value, or sufficiency of any of the trust property, or the validity, extent, perfection or priority of any lien or security interest therein; or the assets, liabilities, financial condition, results of operations, business, creditworthiness or legal status of the Trust, the Borrowers, or any other Person.
(b) The Trustee is authorized and directed to execute and deliver the Transaction Documents and each certificate or other document attached as an exhibit to or contemplated by the Transaction Documents to which the Trust is to be a party, in such form as the Purchaser shall approve as evidenced conclusively by the Trustees execution thereof. The execution and delivery of, and performance of the terms of, the Transaction Documents and each certificate or other document attached as an exhibit to or otherwise contemplated by the Transaction Documents shall be deemed not to conflict with or constitute a breach or default under this Trust Agreement.
(c) Except as expressly provided herein, in accepting the trusts hereby created the Trustee acts solely as trustee hereunder and not in its individual capacity, and all persons having any claim against the Trustee by reason of the transactions contemplated by this Trust Agreement shall look only to the Trusts property for payment or satisfaction thereof.
-34-
A RTICLE VII
A DMINISTRATIVE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF THE T RUSTEE
Section 7.01. Notices and Reports by the Trustee.
(a) Notice of Event of Default . In the event a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have actual knowledge of an Event of Default, as promptly as practicable after, and in any event within three Business Days after such actual knowledge of the occurrence of any such Event of Default, the Trustee shall transmit written notice of such event to the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders. For all purposes of this Trust Agreement, in the absence of actual knowledge on the part of a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any Event of Default unless notified in a writing specifying the Event of Default by the Servicer, a Noteholder, a Residual Certificateholder or a Borrower. Trustee shall have no duty or responsibility to monitor compliance of any party under any Transaction Document or determine whether a Default or an Event of Default under this Trust Agreement or any Transaction Document shall have occurred and may conclusively rely upon and shall be fully protected from all liability, loss, cost, damage or expense in acting or omitting to act in good faith pursuant to any notice from the Servicer, the Noteholder, a Residual Certificateholder or a Borrower indicating the occurrence of a Default and an Event of Default.
(b) Specified Investments Quarterly Report. Upon written request of any Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders, the Trustee shall distribute to the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders written confirmation in the form of an account statement of the Specified Investments made by the Trustee at the written direction of the Servicer during the fiscal quarter immediately preceding such request including the type and amount of such investment made and the earnings received therefrom.
(c) Monthly Report . If during any calendar month the Trustee has received or disbursed any amounts (including the payment of fees and expenses of the Trustee or its agents), other than the scheduled receipts and disbursements as set forth in the Note Payment Schedule attached to the Note, within 15 days after the end of such calendar month the Trustee will provide, upon written request of any Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders, to each Noteholder and Residual Certificateholder so requesting, a report in the form of an account statement specifying the sources and uses of all payments received and disbursed by the Trustee during such calendar month including the fees and expenses of the Trustee or its agents.
(d) Copies of Notices . The Trustee will furnish or cause to be furnished to each Noteholder and Residual Certificateholder promptly upon receipt thereof, duplicates or copies of each notice under the Promissory Notes and Security Agreements furnished to the Trustee.
Section 7.02. Method of Notice . Unless otherwise specifically set forth, all notices and communications to be delivered by the Trustee pursuant to §7.01 to any Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder shall be delivered in the manner provided in §12.03 to such Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder at its address set forth in the Register.
-35-
Section 7.03. Uniform Commercial Code Statements . The Servicer, on behalf of the Trustee, shall file all filings requested by the Trustee or the Majority Noteholder as necessary to maintain the effectiveness of the Uniform Commercial Code filings necessary under the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in any relevant jurisdiction to continue perfection of the Trustees ownership of and security interest in the Trust Estate.
Section 7.04. Distribution Notices . Within a reasonable period of time after the end of each calendar year, the Trustee shall forward, or cause to be forwarded, upon request, to each Person who at any time during the calendar year was a Noteholder or a Residual Certificateholder, a statement setting forth the amount of distributions with respect to Principal, including any penalty, and allocable to Interest aggregated for such calendar year or applicable portion thereof during which such Person was a Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder. Such obligation of the Trustee shall be deemed to have been satisfied to the extent that substantially comparable information shall be provided by the Trustee pursuant to any requirements of the United States Internal Revenue Code.
Section 7.05 . Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact . In the event that the nature of any Collateral so requires, the Trustee may appoint an agent (which may be Affiliates and subsidiaries of the Trustee) as its respective attorney-in-fact with full authority in the place and stead of the Trustee, as the case may be, and in the name of the Trustee, as the case may be, or otherwise, to take any action and to execute any instrument that the Trust and/or Trustee may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish its duties under this Trust Agreement, including, without limitation, to ask, demand, collect, sue for, recover, compromise, receive and give acquittances and receipts for moneys due and to become due under or in connection with the Collateral, to receive, endorse and collect all drafts or other instruments and documents made payable to the Trust or the Trustee, as the case may be, in connection therewith or representing any payment, dividend or other distribution in respect of the Collateral or any part thereof and to give full discharge for the same, and as such attorney-in-fact, file any claims or take any action or institute any proceedings which the Trustee may deem to be necessary or desirable for the collection thereon or to enforce compliance with the terms and conditions of the Transaction Documents.
Section 7.06 . The Agent . (a) The Agent must agree to act as the Agent subject to the terms and conditions provided in this Trust Agreement. As to any action not expressly provided for by this Trust Agreement, the Agent shall not be required to exercise any discretion or take any action, but shall be required to act or to refrain from acting (and shall be fully protected in so acting or refraining from acting) upon the instructions of the Trustee and such instructions shall be binding upon the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders; provided, however, that the Agent shall not be required to take any action which exposes the Agent to personal liability or which is contrary to any of the Transaction Documents or applicable law. In the absence of bad faith on its part, the Agent may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon instructions, certificates or opinions furnished to the Agent and conforming to the requirements of this Trust Agreement; but in the case of any such instructions, certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Agent, the Agent shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Trust Agreement;
-36-
provided, however, that the Agent shall not be responsible for the accuracy or content of any such instructions, certificate or opinion. The expenses incurred by the Agent in connection with the administration of the Trust shall constitute expenses of the Trustee; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 7.06 shall be construed to impose on the Trustee or the Agent any obligation or duty not otherwise specifically set forth in this Trust Agreement.
(b) Neither the Agent nor any of its directors, officers, agents or employees shall be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it or them under or in connection with this Trust Agreement, except for its or their own gross negligence or willful misconduct. In addition, the Borrowers covenants and agrees to indemnify the Agent, together with any director, officer, agent or employee of the Agent, from, and hold them harmless against, any and all losses, liabilities, damages, claims or expenses (including legal fees and expenses) incurred in their administration of the Trust other than those resulting from the gross negligence or bad faith of the Trustee or the Agent.
(c) The powers conferred on the Agent hereunder are solely to protect the Trustees interest in the specified Collateral and shall not impose any duty upon the Agent to exercise any such powers.
(d) The Trustee is not responsible for the misconduct or negligence of agents or attorneys appointed with due care.
A RTICLE VIII
T RUST A GREEMENT S UPPLEMENTS
Section 8.01. Trust Agreement Supplements with Consent of Majority Noteholder . With the consent of or upon the Direction of the Majority Noteholder issued hereunder, by Act thereof delivered to the Trustee, the Trustee (subject to §8.02 ) shall enter into an agreement or Trust Agreement Supplements hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Trust Agreement or of modifying in any manner the rights and obligations of the Noteholders and Residual Certificateholders under this Trust Agreement; provided, however, that no such Trust Agreement Supplement shall, without the consent of the Noteholder of each Outstanding Note and each Residual Certificateholder affected thereby:
(a) reduce in any manner the amount of, or delay the timing of, any receipt by the Trustee of payments on a Promissory Note or distributions that are required to be made herein on the Note or Residual Trust Certificates, or change any date of payment on any Note or Residual Trust Certificate, or change the place of payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any Note or Residual Trust Certificate is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment or distribution on or after the Payment Date applicable thereto; or
(b) permit the disposition of the Collateral or other Trust Estate except as permitted by this Trust Agreement, or otherwise deprive any Noteholder of the benefit of the ownership of the Collateral in the Trust; or
-37-
(c) change the percentage of the aggregate Fractional Undivided Interests of the Trust which is required for any such Trust Agreement Supplement, or change such percentage required for any waiver (of compliance with certain provisions of this Trust Agreement or certain defaults hereunder and their consequences) provided for in this Trust Agreement; or
(d) change the percentage of the aggregate Fractional Undivided Interests of the Trust which is required to either (i) amend, modify, waive or supplement any Underlying Financing Agreement or (ii) direct the Trustee to initiate any of the remedies as provided in this Trust Agreement; or
(e) modify any of the provisions of this §8.01 or §5.05 in general, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that certain other provisions of this Trust Agreement cannot be modified or waived without the consent of each Noteholder and Residual Certificateholder.
Section 8.02. Documents Affecting Immunity or Indemnity . If in the opinion of the Trustee any Trust Agreement Supplement or other document required to be executed by it pursuant to the terms of §8.01 affects any interest, right, duty, immunity or indemnity in favor of the Trustee under this Trust Agreement, the Trustee may in its discretion decline to execute such document.
Section 8.03. Execution of Trust Agreement Supplements . In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any Trust Agreement Supplement permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this Trust Agreement, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to §6.01 ) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such Trust Agreement Supplement is authorized or permitted by this Trust Agreement.
Section 8.04. Effect of Trust Agreement Supplements . Upon the execution of any Trust Agreement Supplement under this Article, this Trust Agreement shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such Trust Agreement Supplement shall form a part of this Trust Agreement for all purposes and every Noteholder and Residual Certificateholder theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby.
Section 8.05. Reference in Notes to Trust Agreement Supplements . Notes and Residual Trust Certificates authenticated and delivered after the execution of any Trust Agreement Supplement pursuant to this Article may bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental agreement; and, in such case, suitable notation may be made upon Outstanding Notes and Residual Trust Certificates after proper presentation and demand.
-38-
A RTICLE IX
R EDEMPTION
Section 9.01. No Optional Redemption. The Note and Residual Trust Certificates are not subject to optional redemption, in whole or in part.
Section 9.02. Mandatory Redemption. (a) The Trustee shall be required to redeem Notes in whole, or in part, with the proceeds of any prepayment of a Promissory Note at a Redemption Price equal to the sum of (i) the principal amount of such Promissory Note which has been prepaid, which amount shall be the amount of Principal redeemed, (ii) the amount of any interest on such Promissory Note paid in connection with such prepayment, which amount shall be applied to Interest and (iii) any Make-Whole Amount (as defined in the related Promissory Note) paid with respect thereto, which amount shall be paid as a make-whole payment on Principal so redeemed.
(b) If Notes are to be redeemed in part pursuant to §9.02(a) , the Principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed shall be an amount equal to the then outstanding Principal amount of such Notes, or portion thereof, required to be so applied pursuant to §9.02(a ), as set forth in a certificate executed by an Authorized Representative of the applicable Borrower filed with the Trustee and approved by the Majority Noteholder.
(c) Any redemption pursuant to §9.02(a) shall be made on a Redemption Date which shall be established by the Trustee as the earliest practicable Payment Date after the date on which the Trustee receives the related mandatory prepayment proceeds under the related Promissory Note (or, in all cases, if such day is not a Business Day, the preceding Business Day).
(d) In case the Principal of all the Notes shall have been redeemed in full pursuant to this §9.02(a) , and all of such Notes shall have been fully paid, together with all interest (including any interest on overdue payments) and premium, if any, thereon, and all other amounts payable hereunder to the Noteholder and the Trustee have been paid, any surplus then remaining shall be paid to the Residual Certificateholders.
Section 9.03. Partial Redemption Procedure . (a) In the event of a partial redemption of Notes pursuant to §9.02 , the Principal amount of the Notes to be prepaid shall be allocated among all of the Notes at the time outstanding in proportion, as nearly as practicable, to the respective unpaid principal amounts thereof not theretofore called for payment.
(b) Upon any partial redemption of Notes pursuant to §9.02 , the Principal amount of each required payment of each of the Notes becoming due on and after the date of such redemption shall be reduced in the same proportion as the aggregate unpaid Principal amount of the Notes Outstanding is reduced as a result of such redemption, and the Servicer shall deliver to the Trustee and the Majority Noteholder, for approval, a revised Note Payment Schedule to this Trust Agreement to reflect such reduction. A written approval delivered by the Majority Noteholder pursuant to this Section 9.03(b) shall constitute all necessary authorization, direction and consent required of the Trustee hereunder, or under any other Transaction Document, for the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Servicer such approval.
-39-
Section 9.04. Notice of Redemption. Notice of redemption shall be given by electronic communication, first-class mail, postage prepaid, or UPS or other overnight courier servicer, mailed not less than ten (10) nor more than twenty (20) days prior to the Redemption Date, to each Noteholder and Residual Certificateholder to be redeemed, at the address appearing in the Register. Any defect in the giving of notice to a particular Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder will not affect the validity of the redemption of the Note or Residual Trust Certificates. All notices of redemption shall state:
(a) the Redemption Date;
(b) the Redemption Price;
(c) any condition to the redemption of the Note and Residual Trust Certificates and the procedures that will be taken in the event that the Note and Residual Trust Certificates are not redeemed as a result of the condition not being satisfied;
(d) that on the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each Note, and that Interest thereon shall cease to accrue from and after said date; and
(e) the place where the Note and Residual Trust Certificates are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price.
Notice of redemption of Notes and Residual Trust Certificates to be redeemed shall be given by the Trustee.
Section 9.05. Notes Payable on Redemption Date. Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Notes (or pro rata portion thereof) to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption Price therein specified, and from and after such date (unless there shall be a default in the payment of the Redemption Price) such Notes (or portion thereof to be redeemed) shall cease to bear Interest. Upon surrender of such Notes for redemption in accordance with said notice, such Notes (or portion thereof to be redeemed) shall be paid at the Redemption Price, exclusive, however, of installments of Interest maturing on or prior to the Redemption Date, payment of which shall have been made or duly provided for to the Noteholder registered as such on the relevant Record Dates, or otherwise, according to their terms.
If any Note called for redemption in whole or in part shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, then the Principal called for redemption shall, until paid, continue to bear Interest from the Redemption Date at the applicable rate set forth in such Note.
Section 9.06. Notes Redeemed in Part. Any Note which is to be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at the Principal Office of the Trustee (with due endorsement by, or a written
-40-
instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Trustee duly executed by, the Noteholder thereof or its attorney duly authorized in writing) and the Trustee shall execute and deliver to such Noteholder a new Note or Notes, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Noteholder in aggregate Principal amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the Principal of the Note so surrendered.
A RTICLE X
A MENDMENTS TO C ERTAIN T RANSACTION D OCUMENTS
Section 10.01. Amendments and Supplements . In the event that the Trustee receives a request for a consent to any waiver, consent, amendment, modification or supplement as required under any Underlying Financing Agreement or Transaction Document, the Trustee shall forthwith send a notice of such proposed amendment, modification, waiver or supplement, to each Noteholder and Residual Certificateholder; provided that the Trustee shall not be obligated to consent to any such waiver, consent, amendment, modification or supplement under any Underlying Financing Agreement or Transaction Document, if thereby the Trustee would incur additional expenses, responsibilities, duties, obligations or risk, except if the Trustee is provided with reasonable security and indemnity as set forth in §6.02 (d) herein. The Trustee shall request from the Majority Noteholder Directions as to (a) whether or not to permit the applicable Borrower to take or refrain from taking any action under the applicable Underlying Financing Agreement or Transaction Document and, (b) whether or not to permit such Borrower to give or execute any waivers, consents, amendments, modifications or supplements to applicable Underlying Financing Agreements or Transaction Document. The Trustee shall take such action with respect to the Underlying Financing Agreements and the Transaction Documents as set forth in the Directions delivered by the Majority Noteholder.
A RTICLE XI
T ERMINATION OF T RUST
Section 11.01. Termination of the Trust . The respective obligations and responsibilities of the Trustee created hereby and the Trust created hereby shall terminate upon the final and irrevocable distribution to the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders of all amounts required to be distributed to them pursuant to this Trust Agreement including the Note, the Residual Trust Certificates and the payment of all other out-of-pocket and other expenses incurred by the Trustee or any of the Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders in connection with the administration or enforcement of the Transaction Documents.
A RTICLE XI
M ISCELLANEOUS P ROVISIONS
Section 12.01. Benefits of Trust Agreement . Nothing in this Trust Agreement or in the Note or Residual Trust Certificates, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder, and the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Trust Agreement.
-41-
Section 12.02. Note and Residual Trust Certificates Nonassessable and Fully Paid; No Legal Title to Trust Estate in Notes and Residual Trust Certificates . The Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders shall not be personally liable for obligations of the Trust, the Fractional Undivided Interests represented by the Notes shall be nonassessable for any losses or expenses of the Trust or for any reason whatsoever, the outstanding Principal represented by the Residual Trust Certificates shall be nonassessable for any losses or expenses of the Trust or for any reason whatsoever, and Notes and Residual Trust Certificates upon authentication thereof by the Trustee pursuant to §3.02 are and shall be deemed fully paid. No Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders shall have any right (except as expressly provided herein) to vote or in any manner otherwise control the operation and management of the Trust Estate, the Trust established hereunder, or the obligations of the parties hereto, nor shall anything set forth herein, or contained in the terms of the Notes or Residual Trust Certificates, be construed so as to constitute the Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders from time to time as partners or members of an association.
No Noteholder or Residual Certificateholder shall have legal title to any part of the Trust Estate by, through or as a result of its status as a holder thereof. No transfer, by operation of law or otherwise, of any right, title and interest of the Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders in and to the Trust Estate hereunder shall operate to terminate this Trust Agreement or the trusts hereunder or entitle any successor or transferee of the Noteholder or Residual Certificateholders to an accounting or to the transfer to it of legal title to any part of the Trust Estate.
Section 12.03. Notices . All notices and other communications provided for hereunder shall be in writing, and either transmitted electronically or sent by U.S. mail or courier, charges prepaid, for delivery at the following address (or at such other address as shall be designated by such party in a written notice to the other Persons listed below):
(a) if to the Trustee, to: |
||
The Bank of New York Mellon Corporate Trust - Asset-Backed Securities 101 Barclay Street, Floor 7W New York, New York 10286 P: 212-815-8159 Attn: Jonathan Kaplan, Associate jonathan.kaplan@bnymellon.com |
||
(b) if to any Noteholder, to such other address as specified in the applicable Note Purchase Agreement.
(c) if to any Residual Certificateholder, to: |
||
c/o Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC 1906 Towne Centre Boulevard, Suite 370 Annapolis, Maryland 21401 Attention: Asset Management Department |
||
lhale@hannonarmstrong.com |
-42-
(d) if to a Borrower, to: | c/o Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC | |
1906 Towne Centre Boulevard, Suite 370 | ||
Annapolis, Maryland 21401 | ||
Attention: Asset Management Department | ||
lhale@hannonarmstrong.com | ||
(e) if to the Servicer, to: | Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC | |
1906 Towne Centre Boulevard, Suite 370 | ||
Annapolis, Maryland 21401 | ||
Attention: Asset Management Department | ||
lhale@hannonarmstrong.com |
Unless otherwise stated herein, all such notices and communications shall be effective (i) if sent by courier or mail, when delivered by hand on the day of delivery. With respect to electronic communications, (i) notices and other communications sent to an email address shall be deemed received upon the senders receipt of an acknowledgement from the intended recipient (such as by the return receipt requested function, as available, return email or other written acknowledgement); provided , that if such notice or other communication is not sent during the normal business hours of the recipient, such notice or communication shall be deemed to have been sent at the opening of business on the next Business Day for the recipient, and (ii) notices or communications posted to an Internet or intranet website shall be deemed received upon the deemed receipt by the intended recipient at its email address as described in the foregoing clause (i) of notification that such notice or communication is available and identifying the website address therefor.
For the purposes hereof, the address of each party hereto shall be the address specified in this Section, provided , that any party shall have the right to change its address for notice hereunder to any other location within the continental United States by giving of 30 days notice to the other parties in the manner set forth above.
In addition to the foregoing, the parties agree to accept and act upon notice, instructions or directions pursuant to this Agreement sent by unsecured email or other similar unsecured electronic methods by the parties. If the parties elect to give Trustee email instructions (or instructions by a similar electronic method) and Trustee in its discretion elects to act upon such instructions, Trustees understanding of such instructions shall be deemed controlling. Trustee shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or indirectly from Trustees reliance upon and compliance with such instructions from any Authorized Officer notwithstanding such instructions conflict or are inconsistent with a subsequent written instruction. The party providing electronic instructions agrees to assume all rights arising out of the use of such electronic methods to submit instructions and directions to Trustee, including without limitation the risk of Trustee acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk or interception and misuse by third parties.
-43-
Section 12.04. Governing Law . T HIS T RUST A GREEMENT HAS BEEN DELIVERED IN THE S TATE OF N EW Y ORK AND THE N OTES AND R ESIDUAL T RUST C ERTIFICATES SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE S TATE OF N EW Y ORK AND THE OBLIGATIONS , RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER AND THEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS WITHOUT REGARD TO CONFLICTS OF LAW PROVISIONS APPLIED IN THE S TATE OF N EW Y ORK TO THE EXTENT THE SAME WOULD REQUIRE OR PERMIT THE APPLICATION OF LAWS OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION .
Section 12.05. Severability of Provisions . If any one or more of the covenants, agreements, provisions, or terms of this Trust Agreement shall be for any reason whatsoever held invalid, then such covenants, agreements, provisions, or terms shall be deemed severable from the remaining covenants, agreements, provisions, or terms of this Trust Agreement and shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of the other provisions of this Trust Agreement, or of the Notes or Residual Certificateholders or the rights of the Noteholders or Residual Certificateholders thereof.
Section 12.06. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents . The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.
Section 12.07. Successors and Assigns . All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties in this Trust Agreement by the Trustee shall bind and, to the extent permitted hereby, shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.
Section 12.08. Legal Holidays . In any case where any Payment Date relating to any Note shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Agreement) payment need not be made on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on such Payment Date, and no interest shall accrue during the intervening period except for the final Payment Date, for which interest shall accrue beginning on such Payment Date until paid.
Section 12.09. Counterparts . For the purpose of facilitating the execution of this Trust Agreement and for other purposes, this Trust Agreement may be executed simultaneously in any number of counterparts, each of which counterparts shall be deemed to be an original, and all of which counterparts shall constitute but one and the same instrument. A signed copy of this Trust Agreement, or a signed copy transmitted electronically in either a tagged image format file (TIFF) or a portable document format (PDF), shall be binding on the party signing the electronically transmitted copy, and such copy shall have the same effect as the original. Any party who delivers such a signature page agrees to later deliver an original counterpart to any party which requests it.
Section 12.10. Tax Disclosure Safeharbor . Any Person (and each employee, representative, or other agent of such person) may disclose, subject to applicable securities laws, to any and all Persons, without limitation of any kind, the tax treatment and tax structure of the transaction and all materials of any kind (including opinions or the tax analyses) that are provided to such Person relating to such tax treatment and tax structure.
-44-
Section 12.11. Limitation of Liability. No past, present or future partner, member, shareholder, officer, employee, servant, executive, director, agent, authorized representative or other Affiliate, parent or subsidiary of any Borrower (each such Person, an Operative) shall be personally liable for payments due hereunder or under any Note or Residual Trust Certificate or any other agreement or document entered into by or for the Trustees or any Noteholders or Residual Trust Certificateholders benefit, or for the performance of any obligation, or breach of any representation or warranty made by a Borrower hereunder or thereunder. The sole recourse for the satisfaction of the obligations of a Borrower hereunder shall be against a Borrower (solely to the extent relating to a breach in any material respect of any representation, warranty or covenant made by the Borrower under any Transaction Document), the Trust and its assets, including the Collateral and the applicable Vendor and Governmental Obligor for the related Contract Obligation, and not against any assets or property of any such Operative. In the event that a default occurs in connection with such obligations, no action shall be brought against any such Operative by virtue of such Operatives direct or indirect ownership interest in such Borrower. In the event of foreclosure or other sale or disposition of the Trust, no judgment for any deficiency upon the obligations hereunder or under the Note or Residual Trust Certificates or any other documents shall be obtainable against any such Operative. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) one shall be entitled to bring suit against an Operative for the purpose of obtaining jurisdiction over a Borrower and (b) nothing in this Section shall be deemed to release any Operative from liability for such Operatives fraudulent actions, misrepresentations, willful misconduct or misappropriation of any payments, insurance proceeds, condemnation awards or other sums received by a Borrower, or affect or diminish the obligations of such Operative under or in respect of each agreement to which such Operative is or is intended to be, a party.
Section 12.12. Servicer. Each party hereto agrees to the following with respect to the Servicer:
(a) The Servicer to Act as Servicer. (i) The Servicer, as an independent contract servicer, shall service and administer the Trust Estate with respect to the Trust Agreement in accordance with the terms of the Trust Agreement. The Servicer agrees that its servicing of the Trust Estate shall be carried out in accordance with customary and usual procedures of firms engaged in a similar business and the Servicer shall exercise reasonable care and due diligence in the performance of its duties hereunder.
(ii) The Servicer and each of its shareholders, directors, officers, employees and agents shall be indemnified by the Noteholder and the Residual Certificateholders and held harmless by the Noteholder and the Residual Certificateholders against any loss, liability or reasonable expense incurred in connection with or relating to this Trust Agreement, other than any loss, liability or expense incurred by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence in the performance of its duties hereunder or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties hereunder but only out of funds available to it from distributions made under the Trust Agreement.
-45-
(b) Servicer Duties. In addition to the duties expressly set forth in the Trust Agreement and any other customary services which the Servicer may perform, the Servicer shall perform or cause to be performed the following servicing and collection activities:
(i) perform standard accounting services and general record keeping services with respect to the Transaction Documents and the Underlying Financing Agreements;
(ii) respond to any inquiries of the Trustee;
(iii) take such other action as may be reasonably necessary or appropriate to carry out the duties and obligations imposed upon the Servicer pursuant to the terms of this Section;
(iv) monitor the Contractual Payments by each Governmental Obligor of monies in respect of the related Contract Obligations and efforts to collect such obligations;
(v) calculate any amounts and/or percentages required pursuant to the Underlying Financing Agreements with respect to the Contract Obligations, and the Transaction Documents with respect to any amounts due and/or payable thereunder, including without limitation any calculations required in connection with any prepayment of the Notes or any Note; and
(v) as applicable, direct the payment of moneys from the Accounts.
(c) Records. (i) The Servicer shall retain all data (including, without limitation, computerized records) relating to or maintained in connection with its servicing obligations pursuant to the Trust Agreement and the Underlying Finance Documents at the address of the Servicer set forth in the Trust Agreement or, upon 15 days prior written notice to the Trustee, at such other place where the servicing offices of the Servicer are located, and shall give the Trustee, the Noteholder and the Residual Certificateholders access to such records at all reasonable times and upon reasonable notice and, while a Servicer Event of Default (as defined below) with respect to the Servicer shall be continuing, the Servicer shall, on demand of the Trustee, deliver to the Trustee copies of all files (including, without limitation, computerized records) related to or necessary for the servicing duties. If the rights of the Servicer shall have been terminated in accordance with this Section, the Servicer shall, upon demand of the Trustee or the Noteholder, deliver to the Trustee all files (including, without limitation, computerized records) related to or necessary in connection with its servicing obligations pursuant to this Trust Agreement. In addition to delivering such data, the terminated Servicer shall, at its expense, use its best efforts to effect the orderly and efficient transfer of its servicing obligations to the party designated by the Trustee or the Noteholder. The provisions of this paragraph shall not require the Servicer to transfer any proprietary material or computer programs unrelated to the servicing of the Trust Estate.
(ii) The Servicer shall hold all documents and information in connection with its servicing obligations in respect of this Trust Agreement for and on behalf of the Trustee, and shall dispose of such data only as specifically provided for herein or in the Trust Agreement. The Servicer shall segregate and maintain continuous custody of all such documents and information in a secure facility in accordance with customary standards for such custody.
-46-
(d) Servicer to Take Action. The Servicer agrees to take all actions expressly required under this Trust Agreement or reasonably requested by the Trustee or the Noteholder to be taken in respect of the protection of the Trust Estate, and agrees not to take any actions inconsistent with the rights and obligations of the Trustee or the Noteholder.
(e) Indemnification of Third Party Claims. The Servicer, in its capacity as Servicer, agrees to indemnify and hold the Trustee and the Noteholder harmless against any and all claims, losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures, legal fees and related costs, judgments, and any other costs, fees and expenses that any of them may sustain because of the failure by the Servicer to service the Trust Estate in compliance with the terms of this Section; provided, however, that the Servicer shall have no liability to indemnify any such indemnified party to the extent that any such claims, losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures, legal fees and related costs, judgments, costs, fees and expenses (i) were caused by the negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith of such indemnified party or (ii) arose from, or related to, losses on the Trust Estate resulting from payment or other defaults under the Transaction Documents and the Underlying Financing Agreements or (iii) constitute special, indirect, exemplary, or consequential damages alleged to be incurred by such indemnified party. Each of the Trustee or any Noteholder shall notify the Servicer if a claim is made by a third party against it, or, to its knowledge, with respect to any Transaction Document, and the Servicer may, if such claim alleges a failure of the Servicer to perform its duties in compliance with the Trust Agreement, assume, with the consent of the Trustee or the Noteholder, as applicable, the defense of any such claim and pay all expenses in connection therewith, including counsel fees and expenses, and shall promptly pay, discharge and satisfy any judgment or decree which may be entered against it, the Trustee or the Noteholder in respect of such claim. If it is determined that the Servicer failed to perform its duties in compliance with the terms of this Section, satisfaction of such expenses, judgments or decrees with respect thereto shall be at the sole expense of the Servicer.
(f) Rights of Noteholder and Trustee in Respect of Servicer. The Servicer shall afford, at the Servicers expense, the Trustee, any Noteholder and any Residual Certificateholder, upon reasonable notice, during normal business hours, reasonable access to all records maintained by the Servicer in respect of its rights and obligations hereunder and reasonable access to officers of the Servicer responsible for such obligations. The Trustee may enforce the obligations of the Servicer hereunder and may perform, or cause a designee to perform, any defaulted obligation of the Servicer hereunder without hiring a replacement Servicer or exercise the rights of the Servicer hereunder; provided that the Servicer shall not be relieved of any of its obligations hereunder by virtue of such performance by the Trustee or any designee. To the extent that the Trustee performs any such obligation of the Servicer, the cost of performing such obligation shall be deemed and treated as an expense of the Trustee to be paid to the Trustee by the Servicer. The Trustee shall not have any responsibility or liability for any action or failure to act by the Servicer and is not obligated to supervise the performance of the Servicer under this Trust Agreement or otherwise.
-47-
(g) Servicer Not to Resign. The Servicer shall not resign from the obligations and duties hereby imposed on it under this Trust Agreement, except upon determination that its duties hereunder are no longer legal. Any such determination permitting the resignation of the Servicer shall be evidenced in writing and accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel to such effect, each delivered to the Majority Noteholder and the Trustee. Such Opinion of Counsel shall be an expense of the Servicer, and shall not be an expense of the Trustee or any Noteholder. No such resignation shall become effective until the Trustee or a successor Servicer shall have assumed the Servicers responsibilities and obligations in accordance with this Section.
(h) Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Servicer. The Servicer hereby represents, warrants and covenants to the Trustee for the benefit of the Noteholder and the Residual Certificateholders that, as of the date of execution of the Trust Agreement:
(i) it is a limited liability company duly formed and validly existing under the laws of its state of organization and is in compliance with the laws of each State to the extent necessary to perform its obligations under the Trust Agreement;
(ii) its execution, delivery and performance and compliance with the terms of the Trust Agreement does not violate its charter documents or constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a default) under, or result in the breach of, any material contract, agreement or other instrument to which it is a party or which may be applicable to it or any of its assets;
(iii) the Trust Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by it and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the other parties hereto, constitutes a valid, legal and binding obligation of the Servicer, enforceable against it in accordance with the terms hereof subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws affecting the enforcement of creditors rights generally and to general principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law;
(iv) it is not in default with respect to any order or decree of any court or any order, regulation or demand of any federal, state, municipal or governmental agency, which default might have consequences that would materially and adversely affect its condition (financial or other) or operations or its properties or might have consequences that would materially or adversely affect its performance under the Trust Agreement;
(v) no litigation is pending or, to the best of its knowledge, threatened against it which would prohibit its entering into the Trust Agreement or performing its obligations under the Trust Agreement or would have a material adverse effect on the financial condition of the Servicer; and
(vi) no consent, approval, authorization, or order of, registration or filing with, or notice to, any governmental authority or court is required under applicable law for the execution and delivery by it of the Trust Agreement.
-48-
(i) Servicer Events of Default. (i) In case one or more of the following conditions or events by the Servicer (as specified) shall occur and be continuing (each, a Servicer Event of Default):
(A) any failure on the part of the Servicer duly to observe or perform in any material respect any of its covenants or agreements contained in the Trust Agreement, in each case (in the event of a non-monetary default) which continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after knowledge of such failure or the Trustee or any Noteholder shall have given the Servicer written notice thereof;
(B) any representation or warranty made by the Servicer in the Trust Agreement shall prove to have been incorrect in any material respect on or as of the date made or deemed made;
(C) there shall be commenced against the Servicer any case, proceeding or other action (x) under any existing or future law of any jurisdiction, domestic or foreign, relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or relief of debtors, seeking to have an order for relief entered with respect to it, or seeking to adjudicate it a bankrupt or insolvent, or seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, winding-up, liquidation, dissolution, composition or other relief with respect to it or its debts, or (y) seeking appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian or other similar official for it or for all or any substantial part of its assets, which remains undismissed, undischarged or unbonded for a period of 60 days;
(D) a decree or order of a court or agency or supervisory authority having jurisdiction for the appointment of a trustee, conservator, receiver or liquidator in any bankruptcy, insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshalling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings, or for the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs, shall have been entered against the Servicer and such decree or order shall have remained in force undischarged and unstayed for a period of 60 days;
(E) the Servicer shall consent to the appointment of a trustee, conservator, receiver or liquidator or liquidating committee in any bankruptcy, insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshalling of assets and liabilities, voluntary liquidation or similar proceedings of or relating to the Servicer, or of or relating to all or substantially all of its property; or
(F) the Servicer shall admit in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, file a petition to take advantage of any applicable insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization statute, make an assignment for the benefit of its creditors or voluntarily suspend payment of its obligations;
then, and in each and every such case (other than pursuant to (C) through (F)), subject to applicable law, so long as each Servicer Event of Default shall not have been remedied, the Trustee, by notice in writing to the Servicer may terminate all or any of the rights and obligations of the Servicer under the Trust Agreement. Upon the occurrence of a Servicer Event of Default of the kind specified in clauses (C) through (F), all the rights and future responsibilities of the
-49-
Servicer under the Trust Agreement shall automatically terminate without notice. Upon receipt by the Servicer of written notice or automatic termination, as applicable, all authority and power of the Servicer under the Trust Agreement shall pass to and be vested in the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section. Without limitation, the Trustee, is hereby authorized and empowered to execute and deliver, on behalf of the Servicer, as attorney-in-fact, any and all documents and other instruments, and to do or accomplish all other acts or things necessary or appropriate to effect the purposes of such termination. The Servicer agrees to cooperate with the Trustee in effecting the termination of the Servicers rights and future responsibilities hereunder and shall promptly provide the Trustee all documents and records reasonably requested by it to enable it to assume the Servicers functions under the Trust Agreement.
(ii) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing or any other provision of this Trust Agreement, upon the occurrence of a Servicer Event of Default with respect to the Servicer, the Trustee shall have all authority over all of the obligations of the Servicer, as applicable under the Trust Agreement as provided in this Section.
(iii) The Servicer agrees to notify the Trustee upon acquiring actual knowledge of the occurrence of a Servicer Event of Default with respect to itself and the Trustee shall notify the Majority Noteholder promptly upon acquiring actual knowledge of the occurrence of a Servicer Event of Default.
(j) Other Remedies of Trustee. During the continuance of any Servicer Event of Default, so long as such Servicer Event of Default shall not have been remedied, the Trustee, upon receipt of notice of any Servicer Event of Default, in addition to the rights specified in this Section, shall, after prompt notice to and pursuant to the direction of the Majority Noteholder, take any actions now or hereafter existing at law, in equity or by statute to enforce its rights and remedies and to protect the interests, and enforce the rights and remedies, of the Noteholder and Residual Certificateholders (including the institution and prosecution of all judicial, administrative and other proceedings and the filing of proofs of claim and debt in connection therewith). Except as otherwise expressly provided in the Trust Agreement, no remedy provided for by the Trust Agreement with respect to as Servicer Event of Default shall be exclusive of any other remedy, and each and every remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to any other remedy and no delay or omission to exercise any right or remedy shall impair any such right or remedy or shall be deemed to be a waiver of any Servicer Event of Default.
(k) Trustee to Act; Appointment of Successor. Promptly upon receipt of notice of a Servicer Event of Default, the Trustee shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to appoint a successor Servicer, in accordance with the instructions of the Majority Noteholder. When the Servicer receives notice of termination of the Servicer pursuant to this Section or the Trustee receives the resignation of the Servicer accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel as provided in this Section, the Majority Noteholder shall either (i) direct the Trustee to become the successor in all respects to the Servicer or (ii) direct the Trustee to appoint a successor selected by the Majority Noteholder; provided, however, that in the event the Trustee is unable or unwilling to act as successor to the Servicer, and/or no successor to the Servicer has otherwise been appointed, the Trustee shall petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint any established financial institution or other entity whose regular business includes the servicing of assets similar to the Trust Estate as successor to the Servicer.
-50-
(l) Delinquency Advances . The Servicer in its sole and absolute discretion may, not later than a Payment Date, deposit into the Note Payment Account from its own funds an amount equal to any amounts due, but not collected, with respect to overdue Contract Payments, and may do so if and only if, in its good faith business judgment, the Servicer reasonably believes that such amount will ultimately be recovered from the related Contract Obligation. Such amounts are Delinquency Advances . The Servicer shall not make any such Delinquency Advances in the event that an Event of Default by the applicable Borrower under the related Promissory Note has occurred and is continuing. In the event any Contract Payments related to such a Delinquency Advance remain overdue for 60 days from the respective due date, the Trust and Noteholder(s) (if applicable) will, upon written request from the Servicer, repay to the Servicer the amount of the related Delinquency Advance, if the amounts due from the Borrower or the Contract Payment to which the Delinquency Advance relates has not been received by the Servicer from the Borrower or on the Contract Obligation. The Servicer shall in any event be permitted to reimburse itself for any Delinquency Advances paid from the Servicers own funds, first, from late collections on, or in respect to, the related overdue Contract Payment for which the Delinquency Advance was made, and, second, only after receipt of the final recovery from the related Government Obligor and/or the related Vendor that the Servicer reasonably expects to receive with respect to such Contract Payment pursuant to §5.11 .
(m) Recourse . The parties hereto agree that the Servicer shall have no obligation to the Trust, the Trustee or any Noteholder or any of their respective Affiliates for the failure of any Vendor, Governmental Contractor or Borrower to perform its obligations under any Underlying Finance Documents or Transaction Documents and none of the Trustee or any Noteholder shall seek or obtain against the Servicer any recourse or deficiency claim (or any equitable relief with the effect of a money judgment for a recourse or deficiency claim) relating to or arising from nonpayment of nonperformance of such obligations.
Section 12.13. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING TO ENFORCE OR DEFEND ANY RIGHTS (A) UNDER THIS TRUST AGREEMENT OR UNDER ANY AMENDMENT HERETO, OR (B) ARISING FROM ANY RELATIONSHIP EXISTING IN CONNECTION WITH THIS TRUST AGREEMENT, AND AGREES THAT ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING SHALL BE TRIED BEFORE A COURT AND NOT BEFORE A JURY.
[Signature pages immediately follow]
-51-
I N W ITNESS W HEREOF , the Trustee and each Borrower have caused this Trust Agreement to be duly executed by its duly Authorized Representative as of the day and year first above written.
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, as Trustee |
||||
By: |
|
|||
|
||||
Name: | Michael D. Commisso | |||
Title: | Vice President | |||
HASI SYB I LLC | ||||
By: |
|
|||
Name: | Jeffrey W. Eckel | |||
Title: | President | |||
HAT SYB I LLC | ||||
By: |
|
|||
Name: | Jeffrey W. Eckel | |||
Title: | President | |||
HANNON ARMSTRONG CAPITAL, LLC, as Servicer |
||||
By: |
|
|||
Name: | Jeffrey W. Eckel | |||
Title: | President and Chief Executive Officer |
[Signature Page to Trust Agreement | HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust]
I N W ITNESS W HEREOF , the Trustee and each Borrower have caused this Trust Agreement to be duly executed by its duly Authorized Representative as of the day and year first above written.
[Signature Page to Trust Agreement]
S CHEDULE 1
C ONTRACT P AYMENTS
The Contract Payments with respect to the Notes are due to the Borrower on the dates and in the amounts set forth:
S CHEDULE 2
N OTE P AYMENT S CHEDULE
The payments of Principal and Interest are due to the Noteholders on the following dates and in the respective amounts as set forth below in proportion to the Fractional Undivided Interest of each Noteholder.
E XHIBIT A-1
F ORM OF C OLLATERALIZED D EBT N OTE
HASI SYB 2013-1 T RUST
N UMBER | $100,000,000.00 | |
1 |
C OLLATERALIZED D EBT N OTE
THIS NOTE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE SECURITIES ACT) OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS NOTE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN THIS NOTE) MAY BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF ONLY IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SECURITIES ACT AND OTHER APPLICABLE LAWS, AND THE TRUST AGREEMENT.
T HIS N OTE IS NOT TRANSFERABLE EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN THE T RUST A GREEMENT .
I NTEREST | M ATURITY | N OTE | PPN | |||
R ATE | D ATE | D ATED AS OF | ||||
2.79% | December 10, 2019 | December 20, 2013 | 41809* AA5 |
Registered Owner: | ||
Principal Amount: O NE H UNDRED M ILLION AND 00/100 D OLLARS |
|
|
Fractional Undivided Interest: 100% |
This is to certify that the Registered Owner (named above) (the Holder ) of this Collateralized Debt Note (herein called the Note ) is entitled to receive payment of the Principal Amount specified above on the Maturity Date specified above and to receive payment of Interest on the unpaid Principal amount hereof at the Interest Rate per annum specified above and payable in accordance with the attached Payment Schedule, except as such Principal Amount may be paid in advance of maturity by scheduled amortization payments or by redemption as provided in the HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust (the Trust ) created pursuant to the Trust Agreement Relating to HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust dated as of December 20, 2013 (the Trust Agreement ) by The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee (the Trustee ) and others, a summary of certain of the pertinent provisions of which is set forth below. This Note is payable from and secured solely by the Trust Estate pledged pursuant to the Trust Agreement which consists of Promissory Notes and Security Agreements of the Borrowers and a security interest in the Contract Payments set forth therein.
This Note has been issued pursuant to the Trust Agreement. Initially-capitalized terms utilized herein without definition have the meanings assigned thereto in the Trust Agreement.
Subject to the terms of the Trust Agreement, the holder of this Note is entitled to receive (i) payments of Principal and Interest in accordance with the attached Payment Schedule and on the dates set forth therein (the Payment Dates ), and (ii) certain make-whole premiums, if any, to the extent set forth in the Trust Agreement. The payments due hereunder (exclusive of premiums, if any) consist of Principal and Interest in the amounts set forth in the Payment Schedule. It cannot be determined from the face of this Note whether all or a portion of the Principal amount hereof has been paid. The scheduled future payments of Principal and Interest set forth on the Payment Schedule will be reduced in the event of a partial redemption of the Notes pursuant to Section 9.03 of the Trust Agreement.
The Notes are payable from the Trust Estate created pursuant to the Trust Agreement. Reference is made to the terms of the Trust Agreement for a description of the Trust Estate and of the purposes for which the amounts on deposit in the Trust Estate may be applied. The obligation of the relevant Borrower to pay amount due under the Promissory Notes is subject to the applicable G&I Obligors to make Contract Payments under the related Contract Obligations, which is subject to the availability of appropriations for the payment of Contract Payments. The obligation to make Contract Payments is neither a debt nor obligation of the G&I Obligor except in any fiscal year for which appropriations are available to make Contract Payments for the relevant Contract Obligation.
All amounts payable hereunder are to be paid in lawful money of the United States of America, which at the time of payment is legal tender.
The final payment on this Note shall be made at the Corporate Trust Office, upon the surrender of this Note. All other Principal and the Interest payable on this Note shall be paid by delivery of federal or other immediately available funds, by wire transfer or otherwise on the Payment Dates to the Noteholders at the addresses recorded on the Register.
This Note has been executed by the Trustee on behalf of the Trust pursuant to the terms of the Trust Agreement. Copies of the Trust Agreement and related documents are on file and available for inspection at the Corporate Trust Office and reference is hereby made to these documents, and any and all amendments thereto, for a description of the Trust Estate for, and the pledges and covenants securing, the Notes, the nature, extent and manner of enforcement of such pledges and covenants, the rights with respect thereto, and the other terms and conditions upon which the Notes are delivered thereunder.
The Notes shall be issued in minimum denominations of $500,000. The Notes, upon surrender thereof at the Corporate Trust Office with a written request for exchange satisfactory to the Trustee duly executed by the registered Noteholder or his, her or its attorney-in-fact duly authorized in writing, may be exchanged for an equal Principal amount of fully registered Notes and maturity of any minimum denomination as authorized in the Trust Agreement.
The Holder hereof, by its acceptance of this Note, agrees to be bound by the Transaction Documents, including the Trust Agreement. Distributions on this Note shall be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the Noteholder. Any reduction in the principal amount of this Note (or any predecessor Note) effected by any payments made shall be binding upon all future Holders of this Note and of any Note issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof, whether or not noted hereon.
This Note is issued under and is subject to the terms, provisions and conditions of the Transaction Documents, including the Trust Agreement, to which Transaction Documents the Holder of this Note by virtue of the acceptance hereof assents and by which such Holder is bound. This Note shall be transferable only upon the Register, which shall be kept for that purpose at the Corporate Trust Office, upon surrender and cancellation of this Note together with a written instrument of transfer satisfactory to the Trustee duly executed by the registered Noteholder or his, her or its duly authorized attorney-in-fact. Such instrument of transfer shall be delivered together with an investment letter of the transferee in the form of Exhibit B to the Trust Agreement. Upon such transfer a new fully registered Note or Notes will be issued to the transferee. The Trustee may treat the registered Noteholder hereof as the absolute owner hereof for all purposes, and the Trustee shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary.
The Notes are not subject to optional redemption. The Notes are subject to mandatory redemption in whole or in part, in accordance with Section 9.02 of the Trust Agreement. Reference is made to the Trust Agreement for a description of the terms and conditions applicable to mandatory redemption of the Notes and for the Redemption Price (including the premium, if any) payable to the Noteholders upon any such redemption.
If certain Events of Default occur as provided for in the Trust Agreement, the Notes shall be paid to the extent of available funds under the terms and conditions set forth in the Trust Agreement.
The Trustee has no obligation or liability to the registered Noteholders for the payment of the Notes, except from amounts on deposit in the Accounts for such purposes with the Trustee. The Trustees sole obligations are those obligations set forth in the Trust Agreement, including to prepare, execute and deliver the Notes, to administer, for the benefit of the Noteholders, the Trust Estate and the Accounts and Subaccounts established therein by the Trust Agreement, and to exercise on behalf of the Noteholders the remedies provided in the Trust Agreement under the terms and conditions therein set forth. The Trustee has no obligation to pay any portion of the Interest or Principal from any source other than the Accounts and Subaccounts established in the Trust Agreement.
Except as provided for in the Trust Agreement, the Trustee shall not have any obligation or liability to the registered Noteholders with respect to the payment, when due, of amounts owing under the Promissory Notes or any Contract Payments or with respect to the performance by such relevant Borrower and G&I Obligor of any other covenant made by it in the relevant Promissory Note and Contract Obligation, respectively.
This Note is issued with the express intent that it shall be treated as debt for all purposes, including United States federal income tax purposes. The Noteholder will by its acceptance of this Note agree to treat this Note as debt for all purposes, including United States federal income tax purposes, and to prepare and file any required tax returns and forms consistently with such treatment.
T HIS N OTE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY , AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH , THE LAWS OF THE S TATE OF N EW Y ORK , WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS TO THE EXTENT THEY WOULD REQUIRE OR PERMIT THE APPLICATION OF LAWS OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION , AND THE OBLIGATIONS , RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS .
This Note has been executed as of the date first stated above by the Trust by the signature of an authorized signatory of the Trustee solely in its capacity as trustee pursuant to and in accordance with the Trust Agreement.
HASI SYB 2013-1 TRUST | ||||
BY: | T HE B ANK OF N EW Y ORK M ELLON , not in | |||
its individual capacity, but solely as Trustee | ||||
By: |
|
|||
Authorized Signatory |
T RUSTEE S C ERTIFICATE OF A UTHENTICATION
Dated:
This is one of the Notes referred to in the within-mentioned Trust Agreement.
T HE B ANK OF N EW Y ORK M ELLON , as Trustee | ||
By |
|
|
Authorized Signatory |
P AYMENT S CHEDULE
FOR
C OLLATERALIZED D EBT N OTE , N UMBER 1
[Omitted]
Instruction for Transfer
The Note must be presented for transfer and registration into Assignees name at the Corporate Trust Office of The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee, as transfer agent. Checks should be made payable to the order of The Bank of New York Mellon, and should accompany each requested transfer. The re-registered Note may be picked up after seven Business Days or may be mailed according to the Holders instructions.
Notes will only be registered exactly as the name appears below. Direct inquiries regarding transfer shall be directed to the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office.
The Record Date for any Payment Date is the 15th day (or the immediately preceding Business Day) prior to such Payment Date. I T IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE A SSIGNEE TO PRESENT THE N OTE FOR T RANSFER . The Trustees sole responsibility is to pay the registered Noteholder as of Record Date. No claims for payment will be recognized other than for failure to pay the registered Noteholder. All other claims for payments, accrued Interest, etc. must be presented to the Assignor.
[F ORM OF A SSIGNMENT ]
For value received the undersigned do(es) hereby sell, assign and transfer unto the within mentioned registered Note and hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoint(s) attorney, to transfer the same on the Register of the Trustee with full power of substitution in the premises.
|
|
Signature(s) of Noteholder(s) |
Note: The signature(s) on this Assignment must correspond with the name(s) as written on the face of the within registered Note in every particular without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.
Date: |
|
Signature Guaranteed: |
|
E XHIBIT A-2
F ORM OF R ESIDUAL T RUST C ERTIFICATE
HASI SYB 2013-1 R ESIDUAL T RUST C ERTIFICATE
Number:
R ESIDUAL T RUST C ERTIFICATE evidencing a beneficial ownership interest in certain distributions of the Trust Estate of the HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust to be made pursuant to the Trust Agreement Relating to HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust dated as of December 20, 2013 (the Trust Agreement ) by The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee (the Trustee ).
T HIS R ESIDUAL T RUST C ERTIFICATE WAS ORIGINALLY ISSUED IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED ( THE SECURITIES ACT ), AND THIS R ESIDUAL T RUST C ERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE OFFERED , SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN APPLICABLE EXEMPTION THEREFROM .
T HIS CERTIFICATE IS NOT TRANSFERABLE BY EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN THE T RUST A GREEMENT .
T HIS C ERTIFIES T HAT [HASI SYB I LLC][HAT SYB I LLC] is the registered owner of a nonassessable, fully-paid, beneficial residual ownership interest in the Trust Estate.
The HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust was created pursuant to the Trust Agreement, a summary of certain of the pertinent provisions of which is set forth below. To the extent not otherwise defined herein, the capitalized terms used herein have the meanings assigned to them in the Trust Agreement.
This is the duly authorized Residual Trust Certificate designated as a Residual Trust Certificate (herein called the Residual Trust Certificate ). Also issued under the Trust Agreement is one class of Notes (the Notes ). This Residual Trust Certificate is issued under and is subject to the terms, provisions and conditions of the Trust Agreement, to which Trust Agreement the holder of this Residual Trust Certificate, by virtue of the acceptance hereof, assents and by which such holder is bound.
The holder of this Residual Trust Certificate acknowledges and agrees that its rights to receive distributions in respect of this Residual Trust Certificate are subordinated to the rights of the holders of the Notes as described in the Trust Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, as applicable.
Distributions on this Residual Trust Certificate will be made as provided in the Trust Agreement by wire transfer or check mailed to the holder of this Residual Trust Certificate without the presentation or surrender of this Residual Trust Certificate or the making of any notation hereon. Except as otherwise provided in the Trust Agreement and notwithstanding the above, the final distribution on this Residual Trust Certificate will be made after due notice by
ny-1120331
the Trustee of the pendency of such distribution and only upon presentation and surrender of this Residual Trust Certificate at the Corporate Trust Office or such other office or agency maintained for such purpose by the Trustee in New York, New York.
The Residual Trust Certificate does not represent an obligation of, or an interest in, the Trustee (as such or in its individual capacity) or any Affiliates of either of them and no recourse may be had against such parties or their assets, except as may be expressly set forth or contemplated herein or in the Trust Agreement or in the other related agreements to which they are a party. In addition, this Residual Trust Certificate is not guaranteed by any governmental agency or instrumentality and is limited in right of payment to certain collections with respect to the Trust Estate, all as more specifically set forth herein and in the Trust Agreement and the other agreements executed in connection therewith.
The obligations and responsibilities created by the Trust Agreement and the Trust Estate created thereby shall terminate upon the payment to the holder of this Residual Trust Certificate of all amounts required to be paid to it pursuant to the Trust Agreement and the disposition of all property held as part of the Trust Estate.
The recitals contained herein shall be taken as the statements of the Residual Certificateholder named herein, and the Trustee assumes no personal responsibility for the correctness thereof. The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Residual Trust Certificate or of the related Transaction Documents or any related document.
Unless the certificate of authentication hereon shall have been executed by an authorized officer of the Trustee, by manual or facsimile signature, this Residual Trust Certificate shall not entitle the holder hereof to any benefit under the Trust Agreement or any of the documents executed in connection therewith, or be valid for any purpose.
T HIS R ESIDUAL T RUST C ERTIFICATE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY , AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH , THE LAWS OF THE S TATE OF N EW Y ORK , WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS TO THE EXTENT THAT THEY WOULD REQUIRE OR PERMIT APPLICATION OF LAWS OF ANY OTHER JURISDICTIONS , AND THE OBLIGATIONS , RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS .
This Certificate has been executed by the Trust by the manual signature of an authorized signatory of the Trustee solely in its capacity as trustee pursuant to and in accordance with the Trust Agreement.
Date:
HASI SYB 2013-1 TRUST | ||||
B Y : | T HE B ANK OF N EW Y ORK M ELLON , not in its individual capacity, but solely as Trustee | |||
By: |
|
|||
Authorized Signatory |
T RUSTEE S C ERTIFICATE OF A UTHENTICATION
Dated:
This is one of the Residual Certificates referred
to in the within-mentioned Trust Agreement
T HE B ANK OF N EW Y ORK M ELLON , as Trustee | ||
By |
|
|
Authorized Signatory |
Instruction for Transfer
The Residual Trust Certificate must be presented for transfer and registration into Assignees name at the Corporate Trust Office of The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee, as transfer agent. Checks should be made payable to the order of The Bank of New York Mellon, and should accompany each requested transfer. The re-registered Residual Trust Certificate may be picked up after seven Business Days or may be mailed according to the Holders instructions.
Residual Trust Certificates will only be registered exactly as the name appears below. Direct inquiries regarding transfer shall be directed to the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office.
[F ORM OF A SSIGNMENT ]
For value received the undersigned do(es) hereby sell, assign and transfer unto the within mentioned registered Residual Trust Certificate and hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoint(s) attorney, to transfer the same on the Register of the Trustee with full power of substitution in the premises.
|
|
Signature(s) of Residual Certificateholder(s) |
Note: The signature(s) on this Assignment must correspond with the name(s) as written on the face of the within registered Residual Trust Certificate in every particular without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.
Date: |
|
Signature Guaranteed: |
|
E XHIBIT B
F ORM OF T RANSFEREE C ERTIFICATE
[ Date ]
The Bank of New York Mellon
Attention: Corporate Trust Services
Re: | HASI SYB 2013-1 |
Dear Ladies and Gentlemen:
This letter is delivered to you in connection with the transfer by (the Transferor ) to (the Transferee ) of the captioned Note(s) (the Note ), pursuant to §3.03(b) of a Trust Agreement Relating to HASI SYB 2013-1 (the Trust Agreement ), dated as of December [ ], 2013, by THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, as trustee (the Trustee ) and others. All terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings set forth in the Trust Agreement. The Transferee hereby certifies, represents and warrants to you that:
1. The Transferee is a qualified institutional buyer as that term is defined in Rule 144A ( Rule 144A ) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act ). The Transferee is aware that the sale to it is being made in reliance on Rule 144A. The Transferee is acquiring the Note for its own account or for the account of a qualified institutional buyer, and understands that such Note may be resold, pledged or transferred only (i) to a person reasonably believed to be a qualified institutional buyer that purchasers for its own account or for the account of a qualified institutional buyer to whom notice is given that the resale, pledge or transfer is being made in reliance on Rule 144A, or (ii) pursuant to another exemption from registration under the Securities Act.
2. The Transferee will not sell or otherwise transfer any portion of its interest in the Note except in compliance with the provisions of §3.03(b) of the Trust Agreement.
3. The Transferee hereby makes the representations and warranties set forth in §6 of the Purchase Agreement.
4. Transferee acknowledges that the Notes have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and have been issued in certificated form and are not eligible to be deposited with the Depository Trust Company or any other book-entry or certificateless system.
ny-1120331
5. The Transferee acknowledges that the Trust has not and does not propose to, and that it has not and does not propose to make a public offering of any Notes or other securities issued by the Trust.
6. The Transferee is a qualified purchaser within the meaning of § 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the 1940 Act ) (as such term may be amended from time to time) and the related rules.
7. The Transferee understands that, except as set forth in the Trust Agreement, no subsequent transfer of the Note is permitted unless we cause our proposed transferee to provide to the Trustee, on behalf of the Trust, and the Registrar a letter substantially in the form of this letter, or such other written statement as the Trustee shall prescribe.
8. We understand that any purported sale, transfer or other disposition of the Notes (or any interest in such Notes) in contravention of the restrictions and conditions set forth above and in the Trust Agreement will be null and void (each, a Void Note Transfer), and the purported transferee in a Void Note Transfer will not be recognized by the Trustee, the Trust or any other person as a Noteholder for any purpose.
9. The Transferee agrees to treat the Notes as indebtedness for all purposes, including applicable federal, state and local income and franchise tax law purposes and for purposes of any other tax imposed on, or measured by, income.
10. We acknowledge that the Trust and Trustee will rely on the truth and accuracy of the foregoing acknowledgments, representations and agreements, and agree that if any of the foregoing acknowledgments, representations and agreements deemed to have been made by us are no longer accurate, we will promptly notify the Trustee and the Trust.
Very truly yours, | ||||
|
||||
(Transferee) | ||||
By |
|
|||
Name: |
|
|||
Title: |
|
ny-1120331
E XHIBIT C
T RUSTEE F EE D ESCRIPTION
The Trustee shall be paid the Trustee Fee as compensation for its services and payment of the costs incurred in connection with the performance of the duties reasonably required in the administration of the Trust in the ordinary course. Such services and costs shall include, without limitation, the delivery of notices and reports required under the Trust Agreement, the distribution of funds to the Noteholders and Residual Certificateholders, communications with the Noteholders and Residual Certificateholders in the ordinary course, any fees or other costs incurred in connection with the appointment of an Agent pursuant to Sections 7.05 and 7.06 of the Trust Agreement, and other activities reasonably related to the administration of the Trust.
E XHIBIT D
F ORM OF P ROMISSORY N OTE
[Omitted]
E XHIBIT E
F ORM OF S ECURITY A GREEMENT
SECURITY AGREEMENT
THIS SECURITY AGREEMENT (this Agreement ), dated as of December 20, 2013, is made between HASI SYB I LLC, a Maryland limited liability company (the Borrower ) and HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust (the Lender ), acting through its trustee, The Bank of New York Mellon.
The Borrower and the Lender are parties to a Promissory Note dated as of December 20, 2013 (as amended, modified, renewed or extended from time to time, the Promissory Note ). It is a condition of the Promissory Note that the Borrower enter into this Agreement and grant to the Lender the security interests hereinafter provided to secure the obligations of the Borrower described below.
Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:
SECTION 1 Definitions; Interpretation .
(a) Terms Defined in Credit Agreement . All capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Promissory Note.
(b) Certain Defined Terms . As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
Accounts means any and all of the Borrowers accounts, as such term is defined in Section 9-102 of the UCC, relating to the Underlying Financing Agreements.
Books means all books, records and other written, electronic or other documentation in whatever form maintained now or hereafter by or for the Borrower in connection with the ownership of its assets or the conduct of its business or evidencing or containing information relating to the Collateral.
Collateral has the meaning set forth in Section 2.
Collateral Accounts means the accounts as set forth in Schedule 1.
Control Agreement means any control agreement or other agreement with any securities intermediary, bank or other Person establishing the Lenders control with respect to any Deposit Accounts for purposes of UCC Sections 9-104.
Deposit Account means any deposit account, as such term is defined in Section 9-102 of the UCC, maintained by or for the benefit of the Borrower, whether or not restricted or designated for a particular purpose.
Equipment means any equipment, machinery, structures, fixtures or other tangible property (including building materials and supplies, mains, meters, valves, fixtures, fittings and
appurtenances thereto), wherever located or installed, which are installed as part of or are to be used in connection with a Contract Obligation, together with all attachments or accessions thereto, and all substitutions and replacements thereof.
General Intangibles means all proceeds, as such term is defined in Section 9-102 of the UCC.
Proceeds means all proceeds, as such term is defined in Section 9-102 of the UCC.
Rights to Payment means any and all of the Borrowers Accounts and any and all of the Borrowers rights and claims to the payment or receipt of money or other forms of consideration of any kind in, to and under or with respect to the Underlying Financing Agreements.
Secured Obligations means the indebtedness, liabilities and other obligations of the Borrower to the Lender under the Promissory Note and this Agreement, including all unpaid principal of the Promissory Note, all interest accrued thereon and all other amounts payable by the Borrower to the Lender thereunder or hereunder or in connection therewith or herewith, whether now existing or hereafter arising, and whether due or to become due, absolute or contingent, liquidated or unliquidated, determined or undetermined, and including interest that accrues after the commencement by or against the Borrower of any bankruptcy or similar proceeding naming the Borrower as the debtor in such proceeding.
Supporting Obligations means all supporting obligations, as such term is defined in Section 9-102 of the UCC.
Trust Agreement means that certain Trust Agreement related to the HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust, dated as of even date herewith, with respect to the formation of the Lender as set forth therein.
UCC means the Uniform Commercial Code as the same may, from time to time, be in effect in the State of New York.
Underlying Financing Agreements means the agreements as set forth in Schedule 1.
(c) Terms Defined in UCC . Where applicable and except as otherwise defined herein, terms used in this Agreement shall have the meanings assigned to them in the UCC; provided , however , that to the extent that the UCC is used to define any term herein and such term is defined differently in different Articles of the UCC, the definition of such term contained in Article 9 shall govern.
SECTION 2 Security Interest .
(a) Grant of Security Interest . As security for the payment and performance of the Secured Obligations, the Borrower hereby grants to the Lender a security interest in all of the Borrowers right, title and interest in, to and under the following personal property, if any, wherever located and whether now existing or owned or hereafter acquired or arising (collectively, the Collateral ):
(i) the Underlying Financing Agreements and Equipment related thereto;
2
(ii) all Rights to Payment;
(iii) the Collateral Accounts;
(iv) all Books related to the foregoing;
(v) all General Intangibles related to the foregoing; and
(vi) all money, products and Proceeds of the foregoing;
provided that the term Collateral shall not include any right, title or interest in any permit, lease, license, contract, instrument, document, franchise, general intangible or other agreement entered into by the Borrower (x) that validly prohibits the creation by the Borrower of a security interest, lien or other encumbrance thereon or expressly requires the consent of any person other than the Borrower, which consent has not been obtained as a condition to the creation of such security interest, lien or other encumbrance or that would be breached or give any party the right to terminate it as a result of creation of such security interest, lien or other encumbrance, or (y) to the extent that any law applicable thereto prohibits the creation of a security interest, lien or other encumbrance thereon, but only, in each case, to the extent, and for so long as, such prohibition or requirement for consent is not terminated or rendered unenforceable or otherwise deemed ineffective by the UCC or any other applicable law.
(b) Continuing Security Interest . The Borrower agrees that this Agreement shall create a continuing security interest in the Collateral which shall remain in effect until terminated in accordance with Section 14.
SECTION 3 Perfection and Priority .
(a) Financing Statements . The Borrower hereby authorizes the Lender to file at any time and from time to time any financing statements describing the Collateral, and the Borrower shall execute and deliver to the Lender, and the Borrower hereby authorizes the Lender to file (with or without the Borrowers signature), at any time and from time to time, all amendments to financing statements, continuation financing statements, termination statements, assignments, fixture filings, affidavits, reports, notices and other documents and instruments, in form satisfactory to the Lender, as the Lender may reasonably request, to perfect and continue perfected, maintain the priority of or provide notice of the Lenders security interest in the Collateral and to accomplish the purposes of this Agreement.
(b) Control . The Borrower will cooperate with the Lender in obtaining control (as defined in the UCC) of the Collateral Accounts.
SECTION 4 Representations and Warranties . In addition to the representations and warranties of the Borrower set forth in the Promissory Note, the Borrower represents and warrants to the Lender that:
(a) Location of Chief Executive Office and Collateral . The Borrowers chief executive office and principal place of business (as of the date of this Agreement) is located at the address set forth in Schedule 1.
3
(b) Jurisdiction of Organization and Names . The Borrowers jurisdiction of organization is set forth in Schedule 1, and the Borrowers exact legal name is as set forth in the first paragraph of this Agreement.
(c) Collateral . The Borrower has rights in or the power to transfer the Collateral, and the Borrower is the sole and complete owner of the Collateral (or, in the case of after-acquired Collateral, at the time the Borrower acquires rights in such Collateral, will be the sole and complete owner thereof), free from any lien other than as permitted by the Promissory Note.
(d) Enforceability; Priority of Security Interest . (i) This Agreement creates a security interest which is enforceable against the Collateral in which the Borrower now has rights and will create a security interest which is enforceable against the Collateral in which the Borrower hereafter acquires rights at the time the Borrower acquires any such rights; (ii) the Lender has a first priority security interest in the Collateral in which the Borrower now has rights, and will have a first priority security interest in the Collateral in which the Borrower hereafter acquires rights at the time the Borrower acquires any such rights, in each case securing the payment and performance of the Secured Obligations.
(e) Control Agreements . No Control Agreements exist with respect to any Collateral Accounts other than any Control Agreements in favor of the Lender.
SECTION 5 Covenants . In addition to the covenants of the Borrower set forth in the Promissory Note so long as amount payable by the Borrower under the Promissory Note or this Agreement shall remain outstanding, the Borrower shall:
(a) Preservation of Collateral . The Borrower will do and perform all reasonable acts that may be necessary and appropriate to maintain, preserve and protect the Collateral.
(b) Change in Name, Identity or Structure . The Borrower will give at least 30 days prior written notice to the Lender of (i) any change in its name, (ii) any change in its jurisdiction of organization, (iii) any change in its registration as an organization (or any new such registration) and (iv) any changes in its identity or structure in any manner which might make any financing statement filed hereunder incorrect or misleading.
(c) Maintenance of Records . The Borrower will keep separate, accurate and complete Books with respect to the Collateral, disclosing the Lenders security interest hereunder.
(d) Notices, Reports and Information . The Borrower will notify the Lender of any other modifications of or additions to Schedule 1.
SECTION 6 Collection of Rights to Payment . Until the Lender exercises its rights hereunder to collect Rights to Payment, the Borrower shall endeavor in the first instance diligently to collect all amounts due or to become due on or with respect to the Rights to
4
Payment. At the request of the Lender, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, all remittances received by the Borrower shall be held in trust for the Lender and, in accordance with the Lenders instructions, remitted to the Lender or deposited to an account with the Lender in the form received (with any necessary endorsements or instruments of assignment or transfer).
SECTION 7 Authorization; Lender Appointed Attorney-in-Fact . The Lender shall have the right to, in the name of the Borrower, or in the name of the Lender, without notice to or assent by the Borrower, and the Borrower hereby constitutes and appoints the Lender (and any of Lenders officers or employees or agents designated by the Lender) as the Borrowers true and lawful attorney-in-fact, with full power and authority to:
(i) file any of the financing statements which must be filed to perfect or continue perfected, maintain the priority of or provide notice of the Lenders security interest in the Collateral;
(ii) take possession of and endorse any notes, acceptances, checks, drafts, money orders or other forms of payment or security and collect any Proceeds of any Collateral;
(iii) establish lockbox or similar arrangements for the payment of the Rights to Payment;
(iv) send requests for verification of Rights to Payment with respect to the Underlying Financing Agreements to the obligors of the Borrower;
(v) contact, or direct the Borrower to contact, all account debtors and other obligors on the Rights to Payment and instruct such account debtors and other obligors to make all payments directly to the Lender;
(vi) exercise dominion and control over, and refuse to permit further withdrawals from the Collateral Accounts pursuant to this Agreement and the Control Agreements with respect to such Collateral Accounts;
(vii) notify each Person maintaining lockbox or similar arrangements for the payment of the Rights to Payment to remit all amounts representing collections on the Rights to Payment directly to the Lender; and (viii) ask, demand, collect, receive and give acquittances and receipts for any and all Rights to Payment, enforce payment or any other rights in respect of the Rights to Payment and other Collateral, grant consents, agree to any amendments, modifications or waivers of the agreements and documents governing the Rights to Payment and other Collateral, and otherwise file any claims, take any action or institute, defend, settle or adjust any actions, suits or proceedings with respect to the Collateral, as the Lender may deem necessary or desirable to maintain, preserve and protect the Collateral, to collect the Collateral or to enforce the rights of the Lender with respect to the Collateral.
5
The Lender agrees that, except upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default or as expressly provided in the Trust Agreement, it shall not exercise the power of attorney, or any rights granted to the Lender, pursuant to clauses (ii) through (viii). The foregoing power of attorney is coupled with an interest and irrevocable so long as the Secured Obligations have not been paid and performed in full. The Borrower hereby ratifies, to the extent permitted by law, all that the Lender shall lawfully and in good faith do or cause to be done by virtue of and in compliance with this Section 7.
SECTION 8 Remedies .
(a) Remedies . Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, the Lender shall have, in addition to all other rights and remedies granted to it in the Promissory Note and this Agreement, all rights and remedies of a secured party under the UCC and other applicable laws. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Borrower agrees that:
(i) The Lender may secure the appointment of a receiver of the Collateral or any part thereof (to the extent and in the manner provided by applicable law).
(ii) The Lender may withdraw (or cause to be withdrawn) any and all funds from the Collateral Accounts.
(iii) The Lender may sell, resell, lease, use, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of the Collateral at public or private sale, by one or more contracts, in one or more parcels, at the same or different times, for cash or credit or for future delivery without assumption of any credit risk, all as the Lender deems advisable; provided , however , that the Borrower shall be credited with the net proceeds of sale only when such proceeds are finally collected by the Lender. The Lender shall have the right upon any such public sale, and, to the extent permitted by law, upon any such private sale, to purchase the whole or any part of the Collateral so sold, free of any right or equity of redemption, which right or equity of redemption the Borrower hereby releases, to the extent permitted by law. The Lender shall give the Borrower such notice of any public or private sale as may be required by the UCC or other applicable law.
(iv) The Lender shall not have any obligation to prepare the Collateral for sale. The Lender has no obligation to attempt to satisfy the Secured Obligations by collecting them from any other person liable for them and the Lender may release, modify or waive any Collateral provided by any other person to secure any of the Secured Obligations, all without affecting the Lenders rights against the Borrower. The Borrower waives any right it may have to require the Lender to pursue any third person for any of the Secured Obligations. The Lender may comply with any applicable state or federal law requirements in connection with a disposition of the Collateral and compliance will not be considered adversely to affect the commercial reasonableness of any sale of the Collateral. The Lender may sell the Collateral without giving any warranties as to the Collateral. The Lender may specifically disclaim any warranties of title or the like. This procedure will not be considered adversely to affect the commercial reasonableness of any sale of the Collateral. If the Lender sells any of the Collateral upon credit, the Borrower will be
6
credited only with payments actually made by the purchaser, received by the Lender and applied to the indebtedness of the purchaser. In the event the purchaser fails to pay for the Collateral, the Lender may resell the Collateral and the Borrower shall be credited with the proceeds of the sale.
(b) Application of Proceeds . The cash proceeds actually received from the sale or other disposition or collection of Collateral, and any other amounts received in respect of the Collateral the application of which is not otherwise provided for herein, shall be applied to payment and performance the Secured Obligations. Any surplus thereof which exists after payment and performance in full of the Secured Obligations shall be promptly paid over to the Borrower.
SECTION 9 Certain Waivers . The Borrower waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, (i) any right of redemption with respect to the Collateral, whether before or after sale hereunder, and all rights, if any, of marshalling of the Collateral or other collateral or security for the Secured Obligations; (ii) any right to require the Lender (a) to proceed against any person, (b) to exhaust any other collateral or security for any of the Secured Obligations, (c) to pursue any remedy in any Lenders power, or (d) to make or give any presentments, demands for performance, notices of nonperformance, protests, notices of protests or notices of dishonor in connection with any of the Collateral; and (iii) all claims, damages, and demands against any Lender arising out of the repossession, retention, sale or application of the proceeds of any sale of the Collateral.
SECTION 10 Notices . All notices or other communications hereunder shall be given in the manner and to the addresses specified in the Promissory Note.
SECTION 11 Governing Law . THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, EXCEPT AS REQUIRED BY MANDATORY PROVISIONS OF LAW AND TO THE EXTENT THE VALIDITY OR PERFECTION OF THE SECURITY INTERESTS HEREUNDER, OR THE REMEDIES HEREUNDER, IN RESPECT OF ANY COLLATERAL ARE GOVERNED BY THE LAW OF A JURISDICTION OTHER THAN NEW YORK.
SECTION 12 Entire Agreement; Amendment . This Agreement reflects the entire agreement between the Borrower and the Lender with respect to the matters set forth therein and supersede any prior agreements, commitments, drafts, communication, discussions and understandings, oral or written, with respect thereto.
SECTION 13 Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in counterparts and such counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract.
SECTION 14 Termination . Upon the payment and performance in full of all Secured Obligations, the security interests created by this Agreement shall terminate and the Lender shall promptly execute and deliver to the Borrower such documents and instruments reasonably requested by the Borrower as shall be necessary to evidence termination of all security interests given by the Borrower to the Lender hereunder. In connection with any Buyout Prepayment,
7
upon the payment thereof, the Underlying Financing Documents specified in the related Cure Notice and related rights shall cease to be part of the Collateral and the Lender shall promptly execute and deliver to the Borrower such documents and instruments reasonably requested by the Borrower as shall be necessary to evidence of the release thereof from the Collateral.
8
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement, as of the date first above written.
HASI SYB I LLC | ||
By: |
|
|
Name: Jeffrey W. Eckel | ||
Title: President | ||
HASI SYB 2013-1 TRUST | ||
By: | The Bank of New York Mellon, not in its individual capacity but solely as Trustee | |
By: |
|
|
Name: | ||
Title: |
[Signature Page to Security Agreement | HASI SYB I LLC]
SCHEDULE 1
to the Security Agreement
[Omitted]
Exhibit 10.27
N OTE P URCHASE A GREEMENT
Among
T HE B ANK OF N EW Y ORK M ELLON ,
as Trustee
And
[Redacted]
as Purchaser
Dated as of December 20, 2013
R E :
HASI SYB 2013-1 T RUST
T ABLE OF C ONTENTS
S ECTION | H EADING | P AGE | ||||
Parties |
1 | |||||
S ECTION 1. |
A UTHORIZATION OF N OTES ; D EFINITIONS |
1 | ||||
Section 1.1. |
Authorization of Notes |
1 | ||||
Section 1.2. |
Definitions |
1 | ||||
S ECTION 2. |
S ALE AND P URCHASE OF N OTES |
2 | ||||
S ECTION 3. |
C LOSING |
2 | ||||
S ECTION 4. |
C ONDITIONS TO THE C LOSING |
2 | ||||
S ECTION 5. |
R EPRESENTATIONS AND W ARRANTIES OF B ORROWERS |
3 | ||||
S ECTION 6. |
R EPRESENTATIONS , W ARRANTIES AND C OVENANTS OF THE P URCHASERS |
3 | ||||
S ECTION 7. |
R EPRESENTATIONS AND W ARRANTIES OF T RUSTEE |
5 | ||||
S ECTION 8. |
A DDITIONAL A GREEMENTS |
5 | ||||
S ECTION 9. |
S URVIVAL OF R EPRESENTATIONS AND W ARRANTIES |
5 | ||||
S ECTION 10. |
N OTICES , E TC . |
6 | ||||
S ECTION 11. |
M ISCELLANEOUS |
6 |
A TTACHMENTS TO N OTE P URCHASE A GREEMENT
S CHEDULE I | | Name and Address of Purchaser | ||
E XHIBIT A | | Representations and Warranties of Trustee | ||
E XHIBIT B | | Form of Trust Agreement |
-ii-
N OTE P URCHASE A GREEMENT
I NTRODUCTORY
T HIS N OTE P URCHASE A GREEMENT (the Agreement ) is dated as of December 20, 2013, and is between The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee under that Trust Agreement Relating to the HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust dated as of December 20, 2013 (in such capacity, the Trustee ), [Redacted] (the Purchaser ).
Whereas, HASI SYB I LLC, a Maryland limited liability company ( HASYB ), HAT SYB I LLC, a Maryland limited liability company ( HATSYB , and together with HASYB, the Borrowers ), Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC, a Maryland limited liability company (the Servicer ) and the Trustee are parties to that certain Trust Agreement Relating to HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust (the Trust Agreement ), dated as of even date herewith, with respect to the formation and administration of the HASI SYB 2013-1 Trust (the Trust ) as set forth therein; and
Whereas, pursuant to the terms of the Trust Agreement, the Trustee will issue to the Purchaser the HA SI SYB 2013-1 Trust Collateralized Debt Note (the Note ) in the amount of the Purchase Price as further described herein. The Trustee will use the net proceeds from the issuance of the Note to simultaneously fund a loan to the each Borrower pursuant to a secured Promissory Note dated as of December 20, 2013 issued by each such Borrower to the Trustee (each, a Promissory Note ).
N OW , T HEREFORE , in consideration of and for the mutual benefit of the parties hereto, each of the undersigned does hereby agree as follows:
S ECTION 1. | A UTHORIZATION OF N OTES ; D EFINITIONS . |
Section 1.1. Authorization of Notes . The Note will be issued under and pursuant to the Trust Agreement. The Note shall be issued in the aggregate amount of the Purchase Price therefor and shall mature on the date set forth in the Note, subject to prior redemption and amortizing principal payments as provided in the Trust Agreement. Payments on the Note shall commence on the date and in the amounts set forth in the Payment Schedule attached thereto.
Section 1.2. Definitions . Terms initially capitalized in this Agreement and not defined herein have the meanings given to such terms in the Trust Agreement. In this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below:
Investment Company Act shall mean the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
Purchase Price shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2 .
Securities Act shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
S ECTION 2. | P URCHASE OF N OTES . |
(a) For the benefit of each of the other parties hereto, the Trustee agrees, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Trust Agreement and the delivery direction set forth in Section 3 below, and in reliance upon the representations and warranties set forth herein and therein, that the Trust will issue and the Trustee will authenticate and deliver the Note to the Purchaser, on the Closing Date upon receipt in immediately available funds of the aggregate amount of the Original Note Principal Balance (collectively, the Purchase Price ) due with respect to the Note. The Note shall be registered in the name and denomination set forth for the Purchaser on Schedule I hereto.
S ECTION 3. | C LOSING . |
Upon the Closing Date, and subject to the provisions of Section 2 and the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in this Section 3 and in Section 4 , the Borrowers will direct the Trustee to deliver to the Purchaser the Note in the principal amount to be purchased by the Purchaser, dated as of the Closing Date and duly executed by the Trustee on behalf of the Trust and authenticated by the Trustee, as provided in the Trust Agreement, against delivery by the Purchaser, by wire transfer, to the Trustee or its order of immediately available funds in the amount of the related Purchase Price.
S ECTION 4. | C ONDITIONS TO THE C LOSING . |
The obligation of the Purchaser herein to purchase and pay for the Notes to be sold to the Purchaser on the Closing Date, and the obligation of each party to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby is subject to the fulfillment, on or prior to the Closing Date, of the following conditions:
(a) Each Borrower, shall have each performed and complied with all of its obligations contained in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents required to be performed or complied with by it prior to or upon the Closing Date, and at the time thereof, after giving effect to the issuance and sale of the Notes, the Trust Agreement and the other Transaction Documents shall be in full force and effect and no condition or event shall exist that constitutes or that, after notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute an Event of Default thereunder.
(b) All corporate and other proceedings in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, all documents and instruments incident to such transactions and all proceedings under the Trust Agreement, shall be satisfactory to the Purchaser and the Trustee, and the Purchaser and the Trustee shall have received all such counterpart originals or certified or other copies of such documents as the Purchaser and the Trustee may reasonably request.
(c) The Purchaser, the Borrowers and the Trustee shall have each received executed copies of the Transaction Documents in a form acceptable to such Purchaser, the Borrowers and the Trustee.
-2-
(d) The Purchaser shall have received opinions from counsel for the Trustee with respect to matters as the Purchaser may reasonably request, addressed to such Purchaser, dated as of the Closing Date and otherwise reasonably satisfactory in substance and form to such Purchaser.
(e) The Purchaser shall have received such additional certificates, instruments and other documents, including without limitation certified copies of resolutions adopted by the Borrowers and the Trustee as such Purchaser may reasonably request, including, without limitation, to evidence the authority of the Trustee to act under the Trust Agreement.
(f) All fees, charges and taxes in connection with the execution, delivery, registration, recordation, filing or publication of any Transaction Document and any other agreement or instrument, financing statement or any publication of notice required to be executed, delivered, registered, recorded, filed or published to protect the validity and priority of the assignments, liens and pledges in the Transaction Documents shall have been paid in full by the Borrowers.
(g) A PPN issued by Standard & Poors CUSIP Service Bureau shall have
been obtained for the Note by the Borrowers.
S ECTION 5. | R EPRESENTATIONS AND W ARRANTIES OF B ORROWERS . |
Each Borrower represents and warrants that as of the Closing Date, the representations and warranties of such Borrower contained in the Promissory Note and Security Agreement are true and correct on such date and are incorporated by reference with the same force and effect as though set forth herein in full.
S ECTION 6. | R EPRESENTATIONS , W ARRANTIES AND C OVENANTS OF THE P URCHASER . |
(a) Purchaser acknowledges that the Notes have not been registered under the Securities Act and that the Trust has not and does not propose to make a public offering of any Notes or other securities issued by the Trust. Purchaser further represents that it is acquiring the Notes not with a view to the distribution thereof, and that such Purchaser has no present intention of disposing of the Notes in a distribution; it being understood, however, that the disposition of such Purchasers property shall at all times be and remain within its control.
(b) Purchaser understands that the Trustee will not register the Trust created under the Trust Agreement as an investment company under the Investment Company Act by reason of the exclusion under Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act, and, therefore, the protections of the Investment Company Act are not available to such Purchaser.
(c) Purchaser represents and warrants that it is a qualified purchaser as that term is defined under the Investment Company Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and its taxpayer identification number, legal name and jurisdiction of organization as provided on Schedule I hereto are true and correct. No Purchaser shall transfer all or any part of
-3-
its interest in the Notes issued by the Trustee (i) to any Person unless such Person is a qualified purchaser as that term is defined under the Investment Company Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, (ii) to an investment company registered or required to be registered under the Investment Company Act or a private investment company relying on the exceptions from the definition of investment company under Sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act, (iii) to a Person formed for the specific purpose of purchasing the Notes, or (iv) in any manner that will result in the Trust or any party to this Agreement being required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
(d) Purchaser represents and warrants that it is a qualified institutional buyer as that term is defined in Rule 144A ( Rule 144A ) under the Securities Act . Purchaser is aware that the sale to it is being made in reliance on Rule 144A. Purchaser is acquiring the Note for its own account or for the account of a qualified institutional buyer, and understands that such Note may be resold, pledged or transferred only (i) to a Person reasonably believed to be a qualified institutional buyer that purchases for its own account or for the account of a qualified institutional buyer to whom notice is given that the resale, pledge or transfer is being made in reliance on Rule 144A, or (ii) pursuant to another exemption from registration under the Securities Act.
(e) Purchaser agrees not to sell, transfer, assign, participate, pledge or otherwise dispose of any portion of its interest in any Note (or any interest therein) except in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act, and in compliance with the provisions of §§2.09(b), 2.09(c) and 3.03(b) of the Trust Agreement.
(f) Any transfer of a Note by a Purchaser in contravention of this section shall be void and ineffective and shall not bind or be recognized by the Trustee or any other Person. No such purported transfer shall give any purported transferee any right to any net profits, net losses or distributions of the Trust Estate or any other rights of a Noteholder.
(g) Purchaser acknowledges that the Notes have been issued in certificated form and are not eligible to be deposited with the Depository Trust Company or any other book-entry or certificateless system.
(h) Purchaser acknowledges that the Trust Agreement and the Note have been structured with the intention that the Notes will be treated as debt for all purposes, including federal income tax purposes. The Purchaser by its acquisition of the Note agrees for all purposes to treat the Note consistently with such intent. The Purchaser agrees to treat the Note as debt for all tax and non-tax purposes, including regulatory and financial accounting purposes, and for applicable federal, state and local income and franchise tax law purposes and for purposes of any other tax imposed on, or measured by, income.
(i) Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that, except as set forth in the Trust Agreement, no subsequent transfer of the Note is permitted unless we cause our proposed transferee to provide to the Trustee, on behalf of the Trust, a written statement with certifications consistent with the representations and warranties set forth in this section in form acceptable to the Trustee.
-4-
S ECTION 7. | R EPRESENTATIONS AND W ARRANTIES OF T RUSTEE . |
The representations and warranties of the Trustee contained in the Trust Agreement are true and correct on the date of this Agreement and are incorporated by reference with the same force and effect as though set forth herein in full and, additionally, the Trustee represents and warrants that the representations and warranties of the Trustee set forth in Exhibit A hereto and the following representations and warranties of the Trustee are true and correct on the date hereof:
1. The Notes issued on the date hereof have been duly (i) executed by the Trustee on behalf of the Trust and (ii) authenticated by the Trustee in accordance with the terms of the Trust Agreement.
2. The Notes being issued on the Closing Date hereof are entitled to the benefits accorded to the Notes under the Trust Agreement.
The Trustee (a) will not be responsible for, and, except as set forth above, makes no representation or warranty as to, the validity or adequacy of the Transaction Documents or the Notes and (b) will not be accountable for the Trusts use of the proceeds from the Notes, or responsible for any statement of the Trust in any document issued in connection with the sale of the Notes or in the Notes other than the Trustees certificate of authentication.
S ECTION 8. | A DDITIONAL A GREEMENTS . |
In no event shall the Trustee be required to qualify the Notes for offering and sale under the laws of any state. Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement acknowledges and agrees that it is the intent that the Notes shall be treated as debt for United States federal income tax purposes and further agrees to treat such Notes as debt for United States federal income tax purposes and prepare and file its own tax returns and forms consistently with such treatment.
S ECTION 9. | S URVIVAL OF R EPRESENTATIONS AND W ARRANTIES . |
All representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and such other Transaction Documents, any investigation at any time made by the Purchaser or on the Purchaser behalf, the purchase of any Notes under this Agreement and any disposition or payment of the Notes.
-5-
S ECTION 10. | N OTICES , E TC . |
All notices, requests, and other communications to any party hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given to such party at its physical or electronic address set forth below, or such other address as such party may hereafter specify by notice to the other parties. Each such notice, request, or other communication shall be effective (a) if given by mail, four days after such communication is deposited in the U.S. mail, first-class postage prepaid, in certified form, addressed as specified below, or (b) if given by any other means (including, without limitation, by overnight courier service or electronic transmission), when receipt has been confirmed at the address specified below.
Addresses for Notices:
To the Purchaser:
[Redacted]
To the Trustee:
The Bank of New York Mellon
Corporate Trust - Asset-Backed Securities
101 Barclay Street, Floor 7W
New York, New York 10286
P: 212-815-8159
Attn: Jonathan Kaplan, Associate
jonathan.kaplan@bnymellon.com
To a Borrower:
c/o Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC
1906 Towne Centre Boulevard, Suite 370
Annapolis, Maryland 21401
Attention: Asset Management Department
lhale@hannonarmstrong.com
S ECTION 11. | M ISCELLANEOUS . |
(a) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of each of the parties hereto.
-6-
(b) This Agreement embodies the entire agreement and understanding among the parties hereto regarding the purchase of the Notes and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings relating to the subject matter hereof.
(c) This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York (including Section 5-1401 of the General Obligations Law), without giving effect to the principles of conflict of laws other than Section 5-1401.
(d) The headings in this Agreement are for purposes of reference only and shall not limit or otherwise affect the meaning hereof.
(e) This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one instrument. A signed and delivered facsimile copy of this Agreement, or a signed copy transmitted electronically in either a tagged image format file (TIFF) or a portable document format (PDF), shall be binding on the party signing the facsimile or electronically transmitted copy, and such copy shall have the same effect as the original. Any party who delivers such a signature page agrees to later deliver an original counterpart to any party which requests it.
(f) EACH OF THE PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT HEREBY EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING TO ENFORCE OR DEFEND ANY RIGHTS (A) UNDER THIS AGREEMENT OR UNDER ANY AMENDMENT HERETO, OR (B) ARISING FROM ANY RELATIONSHIP EXISTING IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT, AND AGREES THAT ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING SHALL BE TRIED BEFORE A COURT AND NOT BEFORE A JURY.
(g) This Agreement is being entered to and the Notes are issued pursuant and subject to the Trust Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit B . The Trustee shall be entitled to all of the rights, protections and indemnities provided for in the Trust Agreement.
[Signature pages omitted]
-7-
EXHIBIT 21.1
SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT
Subsidiary |
Jurisdiction | |
Asset Acquisition II LLC |
Maryland | |
GL ECM Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
HA Howard Services LLC |
Maryland | |
HA WG Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannie Mae EMI LLC |
Virginia | |
Hannie Mae Goco LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannie Mae II LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannie Mae III LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannie Mae IV LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannie Mae Leasing I LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannie Mae LLC |
Virginia | |
Hannie Mae Siemens LLC |
Virginia | |
Hannie Mae SRS Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannie Mae UESC LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannie Mae V LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannie Mae VI LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong (FB) Solar LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong Acquisition I LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong BPA Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong DSM Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong DSM II Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong Environmental Equipment And Services LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong GPC Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong GPC II Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong Gulf Power Funding LLC |
Virginia | |
Hannon Armstrong Information Technology And Telecommunications II LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong Information Technology And Telecommunications LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong KCS Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong NG Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong NJ Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong Oklahoma Funding LLC |
Virginia | |
Hannon Armstrong PEPCO Funding LLC |
Virginia | |
Hannon Armstrong PR Solar LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong Securities, LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong Space Centre Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure, L.P. |
Delaware | |
Hannon Armstrong Telecommunications And Security LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong UESC Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
Hannon Armstrong UESC II Funding LLC |
Maryland | |
HASI CF I Borrower LLC |
Delaware | |
HASI CFI OP 5 LLC |
Delaware | |
HASI CFI OP 7 LLC |
Delaware | |
HASI CFI OP A LLC |
Delaware | |
HASI OBS OP 5 LLC |
Maryland | |
HASI OBS OP 7 LLC |
Maryland | |
HASI OBS OP A LLC |
Maryland | |
HASI SYB I LLC |
Maryland | |
HAT CF I Borrower LLC |
Delaware | |
HAT CFI OP 5 LLC |
Delaware | |
HAT CFI OP 7 LLC |
Delaware |
Ex. 21.1
Subsidiary |
Jurisdiction | |
HAT CFI OP A LLC |
Delaware | |
HAT Holdings I LLC |
Maryland | |
HAT OBS OP 5 LLC |
Maryland | |
HAT OBS OP 7 LLC |
Maryland | |
HAT OBS OP A LLC |
Maryland | |
HAT SYB I LLC |
Maryland |
Ex. 21.1
Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-188070) pertaining to the Equity Incentive Plan of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. of (i) our report dated March 17, 2014, with respect to the consolidated financial statements for Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. and (ii) our report dated January 25, 2013, with respect to the financial statements of HA EnergySource Holdings LLC included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2013.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
McLean, Virginia
March 17, 2014
Exhibit 23.2
Consent of Independent Auditors
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-188070) pertaining to the Equity Incentive Plan of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. of our reports dated April 3, 2013, with respect to financial statements of EnergySource LLC and Hudson Ranch I Holdings, LLC as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and the years then ended, included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2013.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
San Diego, California
March 11, 2014
EXHIBIT 31.1
CERTIFICATIONS
I, Jeffrey W. Eckel, certify that:
1. | I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. (the registrant); |
2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4. | The registrants other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a15(e) and 15d15(e)) for the registrant and have: |
a. | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
b. | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
c. | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrants internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrants most recent fiscal quarter (the registrants fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an Annual Report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants internal control over financial reporting; and |
5. | The registrants other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrants auditors and the Audit Committee of the registrants board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
a. | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
b. | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrants internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: March 17, 2014
By: | /s/ Jeffrey W. Eckel | |||
Name: | Jeffrey W. Eckel | |||
Title: | Chief Executive Officer and President |
EXHIBIT 31.2
CERTIFICATIONS
I, J. Brendan Herron, certify that:
1. | I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. (the registrant); |
2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4. | The registrants other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have: |
a. | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
b. | Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrants disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
c. | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrants internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrants most recent fiscal quarter (the registrants fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an Annual Report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants internal control over financial reporting; and |
5. | The registrants other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrants auditors and the Audit Committee of the registrants board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
a. | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
b. | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrants internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: March 17, 2014
By: | /s/ J. Brendan Herron | |||
Name: | J. Brendan Herron | |||
Title: | Chief Financial Officer |
EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 906
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002, 10 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. (the Company) for the period ended December 31, 2013 to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or about the date hereof (the report), I, Jeffrey W. Eckel, Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company, certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:
1. | The report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
2. | The information contained in the report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
It is not intended that this statement be deemed to be filed for purposes of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Date: March 17, 2014
By: | /s/ Jeffrey W. Eckel | |||
Name: | Jeffrey W. Eckel | |||
Title: | Chief Executive Officer and President |
EXHIBIT 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 906
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002, 10 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Hannon Armstrong Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. (the Company) for the period ended December 31, 2013 to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or about the date hereof (the report), I, J. Brendan Herron, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:
1. | The report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
2. | The information contained in the report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
It is not intended that this statement be deemed to be filed for purposes of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Date: March 17, 2014
By: | /s/ J. Brendan Herron | |||
Name: | J. Brendan Herron | |||
Title: | Chief Financial Officer |
Exhibit 99.1
Report of Independent Auditors
The Board of Directors and Members
HA EnergySource Holdings LLC
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of HA EnergySource Holdings LLC (the Company) as of September 30, 2012 and 2011, and the related statements of operations, comprehensive loss, changes in members equity and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of HA EnergySource Holdings LLC at September 30, 2012 and 2011, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
McLean, Virginia
January 25, 2013
Balance Sheets
September 30,
2012 |
September 30,
2011 |
|||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Equity method investment in affiliate |
$ | 845,851 | $ | 18,614,916 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Assets |
$ | 845,851 | $ | 18,614,916 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Liabilities and members equity |
||||||||
Liabilities: |
$ | | $ | | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Members equity: |
||||||||
Membership Interests |
(1,035,984 | ) | 14,327,271 | |||||
Retained earnings |
1,881,835 | 4,287,645 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total members equity |
845,851 | 18,614,916 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities and members equity |
$ | 845,851 | $ | 18,614,916 | ||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
Statement of Operations
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Revenue: |
||||||||
Fee income |
$ | 4,406,664 | $ | | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Revenue, net of investment interest expense |
4,406,664 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Loss from equity method investment in affiliate |
(6,812,474 | ) | (5,343,534 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net Loss |
$ | (2,405,810 | ) | $ | (5,343,534 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
Statements of Comprehensive Loss
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Net loss |
$ | (2,405,810 | ) | $ | (5,343,534 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Comprehensive loss |
$ | (2,405,810 | ) | $ | (5,343,534 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
Statement of Changes in Members Equity
Membership
Interest |
Retained
Earnings |
Total | ||||||||||
Balance, September 30, 2010 |
$ | 9,207,551 | $ | 9,631,179 | $ | 18,838,730 | ||||||
Capital Contributions |
5,119,720 | | 5,119,720 | |||||||||
Net loss for the year ended September 30, 2011 |
| (5,343,534 | ) | (5,343,534 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance, September 30, 2011 |
14,327,271 | 4,287,645 | 18,614,916 | |||||||||
Capital Contributions |
3,337,274 | | 3,337,274 | |||||||||
Distributions |
(14,293,865 | ) | | (14,293,865 | ) | |||||||
Redemption of Class B and Class C Units |
(4,406,664 | ) | | (4,406,664 | ) | |||||||
Net loss for the year ended September 30, 2012 |
| (2,405,810 | ) | (2,405,810 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance, September 30, 2012 |
$ | (1,035,984 | ) | $ | 1,881,835 | $ | 845,851 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Statements of Cash Flows
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (2,405,810 | ) | $ | (5,343,534 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Undistributed loss from equity method investment in affiliate |
6,812,474 | 5,343,534 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
4,406,664 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||
Investment in equity method affiliate |
(3,337,274 | ) | (5,119,720 | ) | ||||
Distributions from equity method affiliate |
14,293,865 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
10,956,591 | (5,119,720 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||
Redemption of Class B and C Units |
(4,406,664 | ) | | |||||
Distributions |
(14,293,865 | ) | | |||||
Investment in equity method affiliate |
3,337,274 | 5,119,720 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |
(15,363,255 | ) | 5,119,720 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |
| | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
| | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
$ | | $ | | ||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
HA EnergySource Holdings LLC
September 30, 2012
1. The Company
HA EnergySource Holdings LLC (the Company) is a holding company that is involved with a geothermal project in California. The Companys only asset is an equity interest in EnergySource LLC (EnergySource), and EnergySources primary asset is an equity interest in Hudson Ranch Power I, LLC (Hudson Ranch).
The Company was incorporated in Maryland in January 2006 under the name of USG Power Partners LLC. It was renamed in November 2008 as EnergySource LLC and renamed in 2010 as HA EnergySource Holdings LLC when the name EnergySource was given to its affiliate.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The financial statements include the accounts of the Company and reflect all normal and recurring adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive loss and cash flows for the periods presented. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Membership Interests
Through August 2012, the membership interests of the Company were represented by Class A, Class B and Class C units. Hannon Armstrong Capital LLC (Hannon Armstrong Capital) owns 50 Class A units, Hannon Armstrong & Company owns 32.5 Class B units, Jeffrey Eckel owns 17.5 Class B units and MissionPoint HA Parallel Fund, L.P. owns 50 Class C units. In August 2012, the Company redeemed the Class B and Class C units.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Equity Method Investment in Affiliate
The Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary of EnergySource or Hudson Ranch and EnergySource is not the primary beneficiary of Hudson Ranch. Based on its assessment of EnergySource and Hudson Ranch, the Company determined that while these entities are variable interest entities under Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 810, Consolidation , the Company is not the primary beneficiary of these entities as the Company does not have the power to direct the most important decision-making related to the most significant activities of EnergySource or Hudson Ranch. Similarly, EnergySource is not the primary beneficiary of Hudson Ranch. Therefore, the Company does not consolidate EnergySource or Hudson Ranch.
HA EnergySource Holdings LLC
Notes to Financial Statements (continued)
September 30, 2012
In September 2012, Hudson Ranch raised equity from an unrelated third-party investor, and EnergySource received a cash distribution from Hudson Ranch. EnergySource made a distribution to the Company for its share of the distribution it received from Hudson Ranch, as described in Note 5.
The Company accounts for equity investments in entities using the equity method of accounting when the Company has the ability to exercise influence over operating and financial policies of the investee. Accordingly, the Company accounts for its investment in EnergySource under the equity method, and EnergySource accounts for its investment in Hudson Ranch under the equity method.
Under the equity method of accounting, the carrying value of the Companys equity method investments is determined based on amounts invested by the Company, adjusted for the equity in earnings or losses of investee allocated based on the partnership agreement, less distributions received. Because the partnership agreements contain preferences with regard to cash flows from operations, capital events and/or liquidation, the Company reflects its share of profits and losses by determining the difference between the Companys claim on the investees book value at the end and the beginning of the period. This claim is calculated as the amount the Company would receive (or be obligated to pay) if the investee were to liquidate all of its assets at recorded amounts determined in accordance with GAAP and distribute the resulting cash to creditors and investors in accordance with their respective priorities. This method is commonly referred to as the hypothetical liquidation at book value method.
For the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, the Company has recognized its share in the loss from equity method investment in affiliate of $(6,812,474) and $(5,343,534), respectively, in the statements of operations. See Note 5 for information related to several transactions impacting all these entities. The Companys investment in EnergySource is $845,851 as of September 30, 2012 and $18,614,916 as of September 30, 2011. The Companys maximum exposure to loss is equivalent to its investment balance at September 30, 2012 of $845,851.
The Company evaluates the realization of its investment accounted for using the equity method if circumstances indicate that its investment is other than temporarily impaired. Other-than-temporary impairment occurs when the estimated fair value of an investment is below the carrying value and the difference is determined to not be recoverable. This evaluation requires significant judgment regarding, but not limited to, the severity and duration of the impairment; the ability and intent to hold the securities until recovery; financial condition, liquidity, and near-term prospects of the issuer; specific events; and other factors. Based on an evaluation of its existing equity method investments, the Company determined that no impairment has occurred for the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.
Income Taxes
The Company is taxed as a partnership under the Internal Revenue Code. No provision for federal or state income taxes has been made in the accompanying financial statements, since the Companys profits and losses are reported on the members tax returns. The Company has no uncertain tax positions as of September 30, 2012 and 2011.
HA EnergySource Holdings LLC
Notes to Financial Statements (continued)
September 30, 2012
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
On October 1, 2010, the Company adopted FASB Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2009-17, Consolidation (Topic 810), Improvements to Financial Reporting by Enterprises Involved with Variable Interest Entities , which amended the consolidation guidance applicable to variable interest entities. The amendments significantly affected the overall consolidation analysis under ASC 810 and changed the way entities account for special purpose entities as a result of the elimination of the QSPE concept. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Companys financial statements.
In June 2011, the FASB amended its guidance on the presentation of comprehensive income. This guidance eliminates the option to report other comprehensive income and its components in the statement of changes in equity. An entity may elect to present items of net income and other comprehensive income in one continuous statement, referred to as the statement of comprehensive income, or in two separate, but consecutive, statements. Each component of net income and of other comprehensive income needs to be displayed under either alternative. In December 2011, the FASB issued a final standard to defer the new requirement to present components of reclassifications of other comprehensive income on the face of the financial statements. The Company adopted this guidance as of October 1, 2011, and has included separate statements of comprehensive loss in the accompanying financial statements.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company does not have any financial assets and liabilities investments characterized in accordance with the fair value hierarchy established by ASC 820.
3. Litigation
The Company is not currently subject to any legal proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse effect on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.
4. Related-Party Transactions
During the year ended September 30, 2012, the Company earned and was paid a development fee of $4,406,664. This amount was due to the Company upon the achievement during the year of substantial completion of construction of the Hudson Ranch geothermal plant.
HA EnergySource Holdings LLC
Notes to Financial Statements (continued)
September 30, 2012
5. Equity Method Investment in Affiliate
In September 2012, Hudson Ranch and affiliates raised equity financing from a third-party investor. As a result of this equity transaction, the Companys ultimate share of future distributable cash from Hudson Ranch was reduced from approximately 10% of available distributions to approximately 1% of available distributions until several priority distribution recipients have received minimum required returns on their invested capital, which is not anticipated to occur until approximately 2017. During the year ended September 30, 2012, EnergySource made cash distributions of excess financing proceeds to the Company totaling $12,625,228 and the Company had deemed distributions totaling $1,668,637 that were reinvested as capital contributions to EnergySource. The following is a summary of the financial position of EnergySource as of September 30, 2012 and 2011:
September 30 | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 4,295,025 | $ | 43,355,011 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Members capital |
$ | (4,454,111 | ) | $ | 42,449,292 | |||
|
|
|
|
The following is a summary of the operating results of EnergySource for the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, accounted for using the equity method:
Year Ended September 30 | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
Total revenues |
$ | 5,215,029 | $ | 1,853,114 | ||||
Total expenses |
21,062,043 | 13,304,567 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net loss |
$ | (15,847,014 | ) | $ | (11,451,453 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
6. Subsequent Events
In December 2012, the Hannon Armstrong Capital Board of Directors approved, effective December 31, 2012, the distribution of its equity interest in the Company to the shareholders of Hannon Armstrong Capital. As part of the transaction, the Hannon Armstrong Capital Board of Directors approved a $3.4 million capital contribution to the Company to be paid to the Company in 2013. Following the distribution, Hannon Armstrong Capital will no longer have an equity ownership in the Company.
The Company evaluated subsequent events through January 25, 2013, the date the financial statements were available to be issued.
Exhibit 99.2
Report of Independent Auditors
The Board of Directors
EnergySource LLC
We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Energy Source LLC (a limited liability company) (the Company), which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, changes in members equity (deficit) and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements.
Managements Responsibility for the Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free of material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
Auditors Responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.
An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditors judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entitys preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entitys internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Opinion
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Energy Source LLC at December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ Ernst & Young, LLP
San Diego, California
April 3, 2013
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
December 31 | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 3,194,168 | $ | 2,587,698 | ||||
Other receivable |
22,765 | | ||||||
Receivable from affiliates |
677,935 | 275,599 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and short-term deposits |
174,345 | 218,351 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current assets |
4,069,213 | 3,081,648 | ||||||
Investment in HR Holdings |
| 35,766,718 | ||||||
Receivable from affiliate, long-term |
| 81,152 | ||||||
Deposits, long-term |
77,191 | 71,024 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
188,139 | 352,218 | ||||||
Land |
4,226,954 | 208,149 | ||||||
Plant construction in progress |
14,186,449 | | ||||||
Deferred financing costs |
200,000 | | ||||||
Other development assets |
437,397 | 3,590,199 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total assets |
$ | 23,385,343 | $ | 43,151,108 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Liabilities and members equity (deficit) |
||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 4,995,444 | $ | 1,642,221 | ||||
Mandatorily redeemable preferred Class A units |
10,000,000 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current liabilities |
14,995,444 | 1,642,221 | ||||||
Distributions in excess of earnings |
13,444,667 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities |
28,440,111 | 1,642,221 | ||||||
Members (deficit) equity |
(5,054,768 | ) | 41,508,887 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities and members equity |
$ | 23,385,343 | $ | 43,151,108 | ||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
Year Ended December 31 | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Management and operating fee income |
$ | 5,887,097 | $ | 2,503,904 | ||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||
General and administrative |
7,412,004 | 6,590,795 | ||||||
Service costs |
4,316,763 | 1,481,835 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total operating expenses |
11,728,767 | 8,072,630 | ||||||
Loss on investment in HR Holdings |
(8,606,580 | ) | (7,411,815 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net loss and comprehensive loss |
$ | (14,448,250 | ) | $ | (12,980,541 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Consolidated Statements of Members Equity (Deficit)
Balance at December 31, 2010 |
$ | 44,485,099 | ||
Cash contributions |
9,800,000 | |||
Compensation expenseincentive units |
204,329 | |||
Net loss and comprehensive loss |
(12,980,541 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Balance at December 31, 2011 |
41,508,887 | |||
Cash contributions |
8,400,000 | |||
Cash distributions |
(40,631,795 | ) | ||
Compensation expenseincentive units |
116,390 | |||
Net loss and comprehensive loss |
(14,448,250 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Balance at December 31, 2012 |
$ | (5,054,768 | ) | |
|
|
See accompanying notes.
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31 | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Operating activities |
||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (14,448,250 | ) | $ | (12,980,541 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities: |
||||||||
Loss on investment in HR Holdings |
8,606,580 | 7,411,815 | ||||||
Compensation expense |
116,390 | 204,329 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
134,466 | 114,167 | ||||||
Loss on asset write-off |
48,862 | | ||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Prepaid expenses and deposits |
29,006 | (187,465 | ) | |||||
Receivable/payable from affiliate |
(777,936 | ) | 266,280 | |||||
Accounts receivable |
(22,765 | ) | 172,552 | |||||
Deferred lease |
7,104 | 23,854 | ||||||
Deposit long-term |
4,832 | | ||||||
Prepaid long-term |
4,000 | | ||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
234,820 | 323,421 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash used in operating activities |
(6,062,891 | ) | (4,651,588 | ) | ||||
Investing activities |
||||||||
Purchase of plant construction in progress |
(7,059,349 | ) | | |||||
Purchase of land |
(4,018,805 | ) | | |||||
Purchase of development assets & equipment |
(456,646 | ) | (3,205,926 | ) | ||||
Due from affiliate long-term |
81,152 | (45,123 | ) | |||||
Distributions from equity investee |
40,604,804 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities |
29,151,156 | (3,251,049 | ) | |||||
Financing activities |
||||||||
Distributions to members and IU holders |
(40,631,795 | ) | | |||||
Members contributions |
8,400,000 | 9,800,000 | ||||||
Issuance of Class A Preferred Units |
10,000,000 | | ||||||
Deferred financing costs related to Issuance of Class A Preferred Units |
(250,000 | ) | | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |
(22,481,795 | ) | 9,800,000 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
606,470 | 1,897,363 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the year |
2,587,698 | 690,335 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the year |
$ | 3,194,168 | $ | 2,587,698 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information |
||||||||
Interest paid |
$ | 200,000 | $ | | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Noncash investing activities |
||||||||
Accounts payable related to purchases of construction in progress |
$ | 3,486,900 | $ | | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs to construction in progress |
$ | 50,000 | $ | | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Reclassification of development costs to construction in progress |
$ | 3,590,200 | $ | | ||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2012
1. Description of Company and Nature of Operations
EnergySource LLC (EnergySource), a Delaware limited liability company, was formed on October 5, 2005, under the name US Navy Geothermal LLC by HA Development Partners LLC (HA Development) and CRC Development LLC (CRC). EnergySources name was subsequently changed to CHAR, LLC on November 14, 2005, and changed again to its current name on April 21, 2010. HA EnergySource Holdings LLC (HA) and Catalyst Geothermal, LLC (Catalyst) (Members) became the successor in interest to HA Development and CRC.
EnergySource is in the business of directly or indirectly owning, developing, constructing, operating, and maintaining electric generation facilities pertaining to geothermal and solar resources, primarily located in the Imperial Valley of California. EnergySource is governed by a management committee of three members, with equal representation from each of the Members. All allowable acts of the Management Committee require a majority vote.
On May 12, 2006, EnergySource formed Hudson Ranch Power I LLC (HRP or the Project), a Delaware limited liability company, to develop, construct, and operate a 49.9-megawatt geothermal power generation plant located in Calipatria, California (the Project). On May 13, 2010, as part of a larger transaction (the May 2010 Transaction), EnergySource admitted GeoGlobal U.S. EnergySource LLC (GGE) as a third Member for a $4 million cash contribution. In conjunction with the May 2010 Transaction, the Members formed Hudson Ranch I Holdings LLC (HR Holdings) and contributed its entire ownership interest in HRP to this new entity. At the same time, GGE contributed $86 million of cash to HR Holdings. As a consequence of admitting GGE as a member in HR Holdings, EnergySource no longer had a controlling interest in HR Holdings and its subsidiary HRP, which were then categorized as a joint venture and deconsolidated in accordance with authoritative guidance (see Note 2). As a result of the May 2010 Transaction, EnergySource was able to secure construction financing for the Project and retained an approximate 28.3% noncontrolling interest in the Project. Construction on the Project began in May 2010, was completed in February 2012, and the plant was placed in service on March 26, 2012 (In-Service Date). On September 29, 2009, EnergySource formed Hudson Ranch Energy Services LLC (HRES), a Delaware limited liability company, to provide operation and maintenance services to any projects EnergySource may develop, including HRP.
In August and November 2010, EnergySource formed EnergySource Solar I LLC (ES Solar) and Hudson Ranch Power II LLC (HRII), respectively, both California limited liability companies. ES Solar and HRII were formed to pursue EnergySources development, financing, construction, and operating activities for solar and geothermal electrical generation facilities in the Imperial Valley of California.
On September 26, 2012, Chevron Hudson Ranch I, LLC (Chevron) made a cash investment into the Project through Hudson Ranch TE Holdings LLC (HRTE Holdings) (Chevron Transaction). Prior to the Chevron Transaction, HR Holdings contributed its entire interest in HRP to HRTE Holdings on August 31, 2012. Chevron was provided participating rights under the HRTE Holdings LLC agreement which caused HRH to deconsolidate HRTE Holdings upon Chevrons participation. Due to the plant qualifying as real estate for financial reporting purposes and the continuing involvement by HR Holdings, the accounting rules precluded HR Holdings from recording a gain upon the deconsolidation. As a result, the distributions made by HR Holdings to its members following the Chevron Transaction exceed earnings.
As a result of the Chevron transaction, EnergySource received $40.6 million in cash distributions from HR Holdings in the fourth quarter of 2012.
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of EnergySource and its wholly owned subsidiaries HRES, HRII, and ES Solar (collectively, the Company). Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company evaluated the subsequent events through April 3, 2013, the date on which these financial statements were available to be issued.
From inception through December 31, 2012, the Company has financed its operations through a combination of contributions from its Members and revenues derived from the Project as well as its project management and operating agreements with HRP. The Companys current cash resources combined with equity contribution commitments received to date from its Members are sufficient to support its operations through December 31, 2012.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Accounting Estimates
The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP). The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash balances and highly liquid investment instruments with original maturities of three months or less at purchase date.
Revenue Recognition
The Companys current revenues are primarily derived from the management and operations-related services provided under a project management agreement and an operations and maintenance agreement with HRP (see Note 4). Revenues related to these services are recognized at the time services are performed and collection is reasonably assured.
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs are recorded at cost and include costs relating to the issuance of the Class A Preferred units classified as debt within the Companys statement of financial position. In connection with issuance of the Class A Preferred units (see Note 10) the Company incurred with an affiliate (see Note 4) approximately $250,000 in financing costs. These costs are being amortized ratably over a five year period which coincides with the date the Class A Preferred units must be redeemed. For the year ended December 31, 2012, amortization of $38,000, was capitalized and included in construction in progress in the 2012 statement of financial position. Future amortizations of the deferred financing costs will be $50,000 in 2013 and $50,000 annually thereafter.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Depreciation commences when assets, or major components thereof, are
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
placed in service. Additions and improvements that extend the lives of the assets are capitalized, while expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Property and equipment primarily consists of office and information technology-related assets depreciated on a straight-line basis over a three- to five-year estimated useful life period. The Company recorded $134,000 and $114,000 of depreciation expense on its property and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Property and equipment consist of the following:
Year Ended December 31 | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Computer software and equipment |
$ | 240,883 | $ | 297,910 | ||||
Furniture and fixtures |
135,285 | 125,743 | ||||||
Office equipment |
34,715 | 34,715 | ||||||
Leasehold improvements |
34,020 | 24,313 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
444,903 | 482,681 | |||||||
Less accumulated depreciation |
(256,764 | ) | (130,463 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Property and equipment, net |
$ | 188,139 | $ | 352,218 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Plant Construction in Progress
Plant construction in progress is stated at cost and is primarily related to the construction of the HRII geothermal power plant which commenced in fourth quarter of 2012. Plant construction in progress on HRII totaled $14,186,000 as of December 31, 2012 which has not been placed into service. Of this amount $3,590,000 was previously classified as development assets as of December 31, 2011. Total interest expense incurred in relation to Fuji Investment (Note 10) and capitalized into Plant construction in progress for the years ended December 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, was $325,000 and $0, respectively. Plant construction in progress also included the amortization of deferred financing costs related to Fuji Investment (Note 10) of $50,000 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 respectively.
Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be sold are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value less costs to sell. Based on an evaluation of existing long-lived assets, the Company wrote off net assets valued at $49,000 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.
Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting when the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies of the investee, typically for investments of 20% or more of the voting rights of an investee. Accordingly, the initial investment is recognized at cost and subsequently adjusted to recognize the Companys share of earnings or losses of the investee in each reporting period subsequent to the investment date.
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
The Company accounts for its investment in HR Holdings, which represents a joint venture between the Company and GGE, under the equity method of accounting. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company recorded losses on its equity-method investment in HR Holdings in the amount of $8,606,000 (consisting of $7,849,000 net loss and $757,000 amortization of 2010 basis difference discussed below) and $7,412,000, respectively. The Company also received $40,605,000 in cash distributions from HR Holdings during the year ended December 31, 2012. The following table summarizes the consolidated financial information of HR Holdings as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011, and unconsolidated financial information for the year ended December 31, 2012 as a result of Chevron transaction (Note 1).
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Revenues |
$ | 27,432,360 | $ | | ||||
Operating income (loss) |
9,047,737 | (2,116,517 | ) | |||||
Net loss |
(27,704,880 | ) | (26,158,923 | ) | ||||
Companys share of net loss |
(7,840,481 | ) | (7,411,815 | ) | ||||
Assets |
||||||||
Current assets |
$ | 5,006,541 | $ | 7,011,015 | ||||
Noncurrent assets |
| 364,007,832 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total assets |
$ | 5,006,541 | $ | 371,018,847 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Liabilities |
||||||||
Current liabilities |
$ | 183,463 | $ | 103,425,327 | ||||
Noncurrent liabilities |
113,589,751 | 205,344,241 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities |
$ | 113,773,214 | $ | 308,769,568 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Members equity |
||||||||
Outside Members (deficit) equity |
$ | (65,795,435 | ) | $ | 56,765,976 | |||
Companys share of (deficit) equity |
(42,971,238 | ) | 5,483,303 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Members (deficit) equity |
$ | (108,766,673 | ) | $ | 62,249,279 | |||
|
|
|
|
The difference between the Companys share of equity in net assets of negative $42.9 million and the Companys investment in HR Holdings on its books of negative $13.4 million as of December 31, 2012, as well as the difference between the Companys share of equity of $5.5 million and the investment in HR Holdings on the Companys books of $35.8 million as of December 31, 2011 (2010 Basis difference) , are primarily attributable to a $29 million gain recorded in 2010 when the Company deconsolidated HR Holdings as well as the Companys share of equity placement costs paid by HR Holdings to HA in May 2012 in the amount of $1.3 million. The Company is amortizing the Basis difference over the approximate 30-year useful life of assets to which its deemed to be attributable, such as development costs and PPA assets, starting on In-Service Date. The Company recorded $757,000 amortization included into loss on investment in HR Holdings for the year ended December 31, 2012.
Investments are evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment on a regular basis. Other-than-temporary impairment occurs when the estimated fair value of an investment is below the carrying value and the difference is determined to not be recoverable. This evaluation requires significant judgment regarding, but not limited to, the severity and duration of the impairment; the ability and intent to hold the securities until recovery; financial condition, liquidity, and near-term prospects of the issuer; specific events; and other factors. Based on an evaluation of its existing investment HR Holdings, the Company determined that no impairment has occurred for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are deposited with a limited number of financial institutions in the United States. The balances held at any one financial institution may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insurance limits. The Company currently has accounts only with major financial institutions.
Development Costs
Development costs include direct third-party costs such as consulting, land costs, permitting, regulatory filings, and similar expenses and exclude all indirect and overhead costs. Development costs are capitalized once a development project is determined to be viable and it is determined that these costs will be recoverable through future revenue streams of the project. The Company capitalized $437,000 and $3,865,000 in development costs for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. These costs will be offset against future revenues from the development projects or expensed in the period in which such development projects are abandoned.
Income Taxes
The Company is not subject to federal and state income taxes and, accordingly, has not provided for income taxes in the accompanying financial statements. The Members are required to report their proportional share of gains, losses, credits, or deductions on their individual income tax returns.
The Company applies accounting guidance with respect to how uncertain tax positions should be recognized, measured, presented, and disclosed in the financial statements. This guidance requires the accounting and disclosure of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing the Companys tax returns to determine whether the tax positions are more likely than not of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions not deemed to meet the more-likely-than-not threshold would be recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. Management of the Company is required to analyze all open tax years, as defined by the statute of limitations, for all major jurisdictions, which includes federal and certain states. The Company has had no examinations in progress, none are expected at this time, and years 2009 through 2012 are open. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, there is no tax liability resulting from unrecognized tax benefits relating to uncertain income tax positions taken or expected to be taken in future tax returns. The Companys policy is to recognize interest expense and penalties related to income tax matters as a component of other expense. There was no accrued interest and penalties as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and no interest and penalties were recognized during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2011, the FASB issued authoritative guidance regarding common fair value measurements and disclosure requirements in U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and International Financial Reporting Standards. This newly issued accounting standard clarifies the application of certain existing fair value measurement guidance and expands the disclosures for fair value measurements that are estimated using significant unobservable inputs. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. In February 2013, the FASB issued an amendment to this guidance, to be effective immediately, to clarify that nonpublic entities are not required to disclose the level of fair value hierarchy for items that are not measured at fair value in the statement of financial position, but for which fair value is disclosed. This guidance was effective immediately. The Company adopted this guidance beginning on January 1, 2012. The adoption of this guidance did not affect the Companys financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
3. Fair Value Measurements
The Company accounts for fair value measurements under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820). ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
| Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets. |
| Level 2: Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly. |
| Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions. |
Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.
In determining the fair value of our financial instruments, we consider the source of observable market data inputs, liquidity of the instrument, the credit risk of the counterparty to the contract and our own risk of nonperformance. In the case fair value is not observable, for the items subject to fair value measurements, the Company applies valuation techniques deemed the most appropriate under the U.S. GAAP guidance based on the nature of the assets and liabilities being measured.
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, receivable from affiliates, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, and accrued expenses at December 31, 2012 and 2011, are considered to reasonably approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of those items.
4. Related-Party Transactions
HRP Project Management Agreement
On May 11, 2010, the Company executed a fee agreement whereby the Company would provide project management and administrative services to HRP. The agreement expires with the expiration of the Power Purchase Agreement HRP has in place or anytime at HRPs discretion without having to show cause. During the construction phase of the contract (period prior to commercial operation), the monthly fee was $106,000 per month. After the construction period ends, the fee was reduced to $64,333 per month. Effective September 25, 2012, the agreement was amended to include HRTE Holdings in addition to HRP, and the annual fee was changed to $1,084,000 per year, payable in quarterly installments and is subject to annual escalation. The 2012 fee was prorated based on the annual fee for the remainder of the year from the date of the amendment. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company recognized $951,000 and $1,272,000, respectively, in revenues pursuant to this agreement, included in management and operating fee income on the Companys statement of operations. As of December 31, 2012 the Company had a receivable outstanding of $123,000 under this agreement. There was no receivable balance under this agreement as of December 31, 2011.
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Financial Services Agreement
Pursuant to the August 15, 2012 amended and restated financial services agreement between the Company and Hannon Armstrong Securities LLC (HA Securities), an affiliate, HA Securities is to provide the Company and HRII certain services related to the placement of debt and equity securities. In accordance with this agreement HRII paid HA Securities $250,000 for financial services related to the issuance of the Preferred Class A units (see Note 10) in 2012. In addition, for the year ended December 31, 2012 the Company paid HA Securities $285,000 as reimbursement for expenses incurred in the performance of its services. In December 2012 the Company and HA Securities further amended the financial services agreement specifically related to its efforts in raising debt and equity for the construction of HRIIs geothermal power plant. Pursuant to this arrangement the Company agreed to pay HA Securities certain specified percentages of the funds raised on equity or debt placements.
Support Service Agreements
The Company has entered into Continuing Support Service Agreements with Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC (HA), an affiliate of HA Development, and Catalyst to provide the Company with legal, accounting, financial modeling, personnel, and administrative services. Pursuant to these two agreements, the Company incurred approximately $319,000 and $394,000 in costs included in general and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. As of December 31, 2012 the Company owed $16,000 to HA Development and had no outstanding liabilities under these agreements as of December 31, 2011.
Operations and Management Agreement
On September 30, 2009, as amended on August 31, 2012, the Company, through its subsidiary HRES, entered into the Operations and Maintenance Agreement with HRP. Pursuant to this agreement, HRES is to provide various services for the mobilization, operation, and maintenance of the Project. As compensation for such services, HRP is obligated to reimburse HRES for all costs incurred in providing the services plus a $624,000 (Base Fee) annually. The Base Fee is payable in equal monthly installments commencing on the Commercial Operations Date, March 9, 2012, and is subject to annual escalation. In addition, HRES is subject to meeting certain performance criteria that could positively or negatively impact the Base Fee by a maximum of 50%.
Prior to the Commercial Operations Date, which occurred on March 9, 2012, HRES was to provide various services required to prepare the Project for start-up and steady operations. During this period, the Company was obligated to reimburse HRES for all costs and labor incurred in providing these services, up to a maximum of $1.6 million. In November 2011, this maximum amount was increased to $3 million. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, HRES billed $4.7 million and $1.6 million, respectively, in services to HRP included in management and operating fee income. Of the amounts incurred, $406,000 and $107,000 were included in receivables from affiliates as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Receivable From Affiliates
The Company from time to time advances funds to affiliated companies in conjunction with their general and administrative activities. During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company has advanced funds to HR Holdings in the amounts of $64,000 and $81,000, which were outstanding as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
5. Equity-Based Compensation
The Company from time to time issues incentive units (IUs) to employees. The intent of the IUs is to provide the holders with a profits interest position. The IUs have no voting rights, do not share in losses, and are not subject to capital calls. In addition, the IUs contain restrictive covenants pertaining to their sale and become immediately vested upon a sales transaction. The IUs participate in cash distributions only after the holders of Class A and B units (see Note 9) have received a full return on their investments. The IUs will expire in the event the Company is dissolved.
Due to the terms of the IU agreements, the Company accounted for the IU grants in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 718 related to equity-based payments. Under this guidance, share-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award, and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service period.
The fair value of the IUs granted is estimated using a valuation methodology based on future reasonably possible cash flow scenarios to the various classes of the Companys members. The value derived under such scenarios is discounted for lack of liquidity and marketability.
In October 2010 the Company granted 606,573 IUs (2010 IUs). These IUs vest 50% at issuance and 25% on May 13, 2011 and 2012, respectively. The aggregate fair value of the IUs issued, prior to taking into account any vesting, was determined to be approximately $629,000. As of December 31, 2011, 543,388 IUs with the fair value of $564,000 were vested. As of December 31, 2012 these IUs were fully vested. The Company recorded compensation expense of $65,000 and $157,000 related to 2010 IUs for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 respectively, which was included general and administrative expenses.
In June 2012 the Company granted to employees 111,205 of IUs that vest one-third in August, 2012 and one-third each year thereafter until fully vested, and another 121,314 of IUs to employees and consultants that vest one-third in June 2013 and each year thereafter until fully vested (together, 2012 IUs). The aggregate fair value of the 2012 IUs issued, prior to taking into account any vesting, was determined to be approximately $157,000. As of December 31, 2012, 37,000 of 2012 IUs with the fair values of $25,000 were vested. During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company recorded $51,000 of compensation expense associated with the 2012 IUs included in general and administrative expenses. The Company made $509,000 and $18,000 in cash distributions to 2010 IUs and 2012 IUs, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2012.
The total unrecognized compensation costs of $106,000 related to unvested 2012 IUs as of December 31, 2012 will be recognized over the weighted average period of 1.6 years.
6. Employee Benefit Plan
The Company participates in a defined contribution employee savings plan that is qualified under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code and ERISA Section 404(c). The Company contributes an amount equal to 100% of the first 4% of each employees contribution. Contributions made by the Company are vested when contributed. Participating employees may contribute up to 15% of their pre-tax earnings under the plan. The Company contributed approximately $72,000 and $53,000 to the plan for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
7. Commitments
Geothermal Leases
The Company has entered into a number of geothermal lease agreements aggregating approximately 1,000 acres in the Salton Sea area of California that may be terminated by the Company at any time without penalty. The primary term under these leases is for ten years and the leases contain an escalation clause in year five. Thereafter, the base rent is increased by the Implicit Price Deflators of Gross Domestic Product (IPDGDP) index. In the event that the Company sells geothermal substances as defined therein, the Company would owe a royalty payment to the lessors in an amount to be determined by the type of substance being sold. In the event the sale is attributable to a generation facility owned or operated by the Company, then the royalty rate would be based on pro rata gross revenues attributable to that lessors acreage contribution. The Company incurred approximately $9,000 and $9,000 in minimum payments under the geothermal leases for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The Company will make minimum payments subject to escalation after year ten based on the IPDGDP index of $9,600 in 2013, $78,000 in 2014, $86,900 in 2015, and $89,000 afterward until the agreements are terminated.
Office Leases
The Company leases office space in El Centro, California, under an operating lease that expires in May 2015, and starting in May 2011, in San Diego, California, under an operating lease that expires in May 2016. The lease agreements contain annual fixed increases in the basic rent. In addition, under the terms of the lease agreements, the Company is required to pay for increases in certain common area expenses. Rental expense related to these leases amounted to $248,000 and $191,000 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2012, are as follows:
Fiscal years ending December 31: |
||||
2013 |
$ | 229,000 | ||
2014 |
247,000 | |||
2015 |
191,000 | |||
2016 |
60,000 |
Purchase Commitments
The Company has entered into a number of agreements for equipment purchases and services primarily related to its HRII development activities. At December 31, 2012, total obligations related to such agreements were approximately $92,000. All such obligations are expected to be settled in 2013.
Guarantee
In August 2012 in conjunction with the refinancing of the HRPs construction loan, HR Holdings contributed 100% of its interest in HRP into HRTE Holdings, a wholly owned subsidiary. In September 2012, Chevron Hudson Ranch I, LLC (Chevron), contributed $99,500,000 to HRTE Holdings in exchange for an equity interest in that company. As a result of that investment HR Holdings no longer had a controlling interest in HRTE Holdings and was required to deconsolidate the company. The sale of membership interest has been accounted for as an equity transaction by HR Holdings. No gain or loss was recorded on the transaction and HR Holdings now accounts for its interest in HRTE Holdings under the equity method of accounting known as
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
hypothetical liquidated book value. As a condition of Chevron making its investment in HRTE Holdings the Company was required to guarantee certain obligations pursuant to the HRTE Holdings limited liability company agreement and the HRP Project Management Agreement. No liability has been recorded in connection with this arrangement and we do not believe it is probable that any amounts will be required to be paid pursuant to this guarantee.
Consulting Services Agreement
In January 2005, the Company entered into a consulting services agreement with a consultant to provide assistance in obtaining land and geothermal mineral rights in the Imperial Valley of California. The agreement was later amended and restated on April 1, 2009. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company is obligated to pay the consultant a royalty override related to pro rata revenues attributable to each land or geothermal resource acquisition entered into by the Company as a direct result of consultants efforts. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, no royalties had been paid.
8. Cooperative Development Agreement
In April 2010, the Company and Simbol Mining Corp, now known as Simbol Materials (Simbol), entered into a cooperative development agreement (the Development Agreement) to form a strategic relationship wherein the Company would primarily provide geothermal brine from any of its geothermal power projects; and assistance in developing Simbols technology, a demonstration facility, and its first commercial facility and, if applicable, other additional mineral extraction facilities (the Services). Each party is responsible for their own costs related to these cooperative activities. The Development Agreement terminates 12 years after the effective date and automatically renews for an additional 5 year period unless notice of termination is provided by one of the parties.
The Development Agreement provides for the cooperation of the parties in such a way as to allow Simbol to pursue development, testing, analysis, design, construction and operation of commercial facilities utilizing their mineral extraction technology (Simbol Technology) which is still under development. The Simbol Technology is essentially intended to extract certain valuable minerals such as lithium, manganese and zinc from the geothermal brine.
Under the terms of the agreement, on April 13, 2010, the Company, in return for providing the Services received a warrant for the purchase of shares of Simbols common stock. The warrants are exercisable upon the achievement of certain milestones by Simbol specified in the Development Agreement. In addition, the Company is to receive a negotiated royalty payment of the gross proceeds of any mineral sales.
The Company did not record any gain or loss on the warrants as they were determined to have minimal value at the issuance on April 13, 2010 and as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 due to the significant development risks facing both the Simbol Technology and the Projects construction and resource viability.
9. Members Equity
Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement (the Operating Agreement), the Company will continue until the earliest of (a) a term of 99 years after October 5, 2005; (b) the unanimous decision of the Members, or (c) an event of dissolution. The Companys net earnings or losses are allocated to the Members equity accounts in accordance with distribution provisions of the Operating Agreement. Such allocations are
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
essentially done in proportion to each Members pro rata share of membership units owned, subject to certain preferences based on class of membership unit owned. The Members are not liable for any amount in excess of their respective capital contributions and are not liable for any of the debts and losses of the Company, except to the extent that a liability of the Company is founded upon results from an unauthorized act or activity of such Member.
The Operating Agreement specifies three classes of Membership units: Class A, Class B, and IUs (see Note 5), each with different rights to profits, losses, and cash distributions. Class A Units include a right to vote, consent and approve and otherwise participate in the management of the Company. Class B Units and the Incentive Units are non-voting. The Class B member units have a $4 million priority cash distribution over the Class A units. After such priority distribution to the Class B member is met, the remaining profits or losses of the Company will be distributed to the Class A members. For purposes of cash distributions, IUs are included with the Class A member units.
The Class A Preferred Units issued to Fuji shall not receive any allocation of LLC profits and losses, and shall not receive any distributions from the LLC except the principal and interest payments. Class A Preferred units are non-voting units, and only have the right to receive preferred interest payments in the amount of 10% per annum. Class A Preferred Units do not participate in income allocation or distributions to Class A and Class B Units.
On May 13, 2010, the Company issued GGE 3,841,625 Class A member units and 1,000 Class B member units in return for an equity contribution of $4 million in cash. The Company is governed by a Management Committee consisting of three representatives with equal representation from each of the Members. All allowable acts of the Management Committee require a majority vote of the Members.
During the year ended December 31, 2012, HA, Catalyst, and GGE made $3,504,000, $3,144,000, and $1,752,000 in cash contributions to the Company, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2011, HA, Catalyst, and GGE made $4,737,000, $2,695,000, and $2,368,000 in cash contributions to the Company, respectively.
As of December 31, 2012, HA, Catalyst, GGE and the IU owners owned approximately 40%, 36%, 20%, and 4% of the Class A member units, respectively, As of December 31, 2011, HA, Catalyst, GGE and the IU owners owned approximately 41%, 36%, 20%, and 3% of the Class A member units, respectively. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 GGE owned 100% of the Class B member units.
During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company made distributions to HA, Catalyst, and GGE of $14,737,000, $13,222,000, and $12,146,000, respectively. There were no distributions made during the year ended December 31, 2012.
The period of existence of the Company commenced on the formation date and shall end 99 years from such date unless the Company is dissolved in accordance with the provisions of the Operating Agreement. The Company shall be dissolved on the first to occur of the following events:
(i) | The expiration of the term |
(ii) | The unanimous consent of the members to dissolve the Company |
EnergySource LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(iii) | The disposition of all or substantially all of the Companys business and assets |
(iv) | An event of dissolution |
10. Redeemable Preferred Units
Effective April 20, 2012, the Company entered into a transaction with Fuji Electric Power Corporation (Fuji) whereby Fuji invested into HRII at specified amounts and dates ranging between June 2012 and October 2012 (Fuji Investment), which will be used by HRII as a source of funding for resource verification purposes. In exchange, Fuji became a Class A Preferred Member of HRII and received Class A Preferred Units entitled to certain interest and principal repayments. The Class A Preferred Units from Fuji prior to the close of the HRPII construction financing, the Class A Preferred Units are mandatorily redeemable by HRII at their face value on the fifth anniversary of the date on which the last capital contribution is made by Fuji under its investment commitment (November 26, 2017). This redemption is contingent upon other provisions, which provide for the optional rights to EnergySource (the Class A Member) to purchase the Class A Preferred Units from Fuji at any time subject to prepayment premium, or which obligate HRII to repurchase the Class A Preferred Units from Fuji prior to the close of the HRPII construction financing. The Company accounts for the Class A Preferred Units as a liability in accordance with ASC 480-10-25 as they are (i) mandatorily redeemable by the company (ii) redemption is outside the control of the company and (iii) the redemption price is determinable. Accordingly, certain costs incurred in securing the investment have been classified as Deferred Financing costs within the statement of financial position and the quarterly payments are classified as interest expense. Fuji receives preferred quarterly payments compounded annually on its aggregate unreturned capital contributions. During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company paid Fuji $200,000 in interest under this agreement.
The Company accounts for the Class A Preferred Units as debt in accordance with ASC 480-10-25 as they are (i) mandatorily redeemable by the company (ii) redemption is outside the control of the company and (iii) the redemption price is determinable. Accordingly, $250,000 of costs incurred in securing the Fuji investment have been classified as Deferred Financing costs within the statement of financial position and amortized into plant construction in progress on a straight-line basis over the estimated life of the Fuji investment.
Exhibit 99.3
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors
Hudson Ranch I Holdings LLC
We have audited the accompanying financial statements of Hudson Ranch I Holdings LLC (a limited liability company) (the Company), which comprise the statements of financial position as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related statements of operations and comprehensive loss, members equity (deficit) and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the financial statements.
Managements Responsibility for the Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free of material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
Auditors Responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.
An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditors judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entitys preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entitys internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Opinion
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Hudson Ranch I Holdings LLC at December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
San Diego, California
April 3, 2013
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
December 31 | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 4,417 | $ | 2,624,841 | ||||
Restricted cash |
5,000,361 | 1,046,876 | ||||||
Accounts receivable |
| 1,170 | ||||||
Receivables from affiliates |
1,763 | | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and short-term deposits |
| 3,338,128 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current assets |
5,006,541 | 7,011,015 | ||||||
Land |
| 489,876 | ||||||
Prepaid insurance and deposit |
| 9,656 | ||||||
Office equipment, net |
| 10,037 | ||||||
Plant construction in progress |
| 352,043,379 | ||||||
Deferred financing costs, net |
11,454,884 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total assets |
$ | 5,006,541 | $ | 371,018,847 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Liabilities and members equity (deficit) |
||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 34,649 | $ | 13,380,369 | ||||
Payables to affiliates |
148,814 | 20,275,599 | ||||||
Provision for environmental remediation |
| 422,311 | ||||||
Derivativeinterest rate swaps |
| 33,170,048 | ||||||
Construction loan payableshort-term |
| 36,177,000 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current liabilities |
183,463 | 103,425,327 | ||||||
Distributions in excess of earnings for investment in unconsolidated entity |
113,589,751 | | ||||||
Construction loan payable |
| 204,907,000 | ||||||
Payable to affiliates long-term |
| 437,241 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities |
113,773,214 | 308,769,568 | ||||||
Members equity (deficit) |
(108,766,673 | ) | 62,249,279 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities and members equity (deficit) |
$ | 5,006,541 | $ | 371,018,847 | ||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Year Ended December 31 | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||
Electricity |
$ | 27,432,360 | $ | | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net revenues |
27,432,360 | | ||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||
General and administrative |
1,717,278 | 2,116,517 | ||||||
Plant operating expenses |
10,605,298 | | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
6,062,047 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total operating expenses |
18,384,623 | 2,116,517 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Operating income (loss) |
9,047,737 | (2,116,517 | ) | |||||
Interest (expense) income |
(9,305,056 | ) | 6,859 | |||||
Other financing costs |
(9,523,413 | ) | | |||||
Othernon operating income (expense) |
898,166 | (38,165 | ) | |||||
Gain on investment in HR Holdings |
1,562,738 | | ||||||
Loss on interest rate swaps |
(20,385,052 | ) | (24,011,100 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net loss and comprehensive loss |
$ | (27,704,880 | ) | $ | (26,158,923 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
STATEMENTS OF MEMBERS EQUITY (DEFICIT)
GeoGlobal U.S.
EnergySource LLC |
EnergySource LLC |
Total
Members Equity |
||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2010 |
$ | 75,513,184 | $ | 12,895,018 | $ | 88,408,202 | ||||||
Net loss and comprehensive loss |
(18,747,208 | ) | (7,411,715 | ) | (26,158,923 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance at December 31, 2011 |
56,765,976 | 5,483,303 | 62,249,279 | |||||||||
Distributions |
(102,706,268 | ) | (40,604,804 | ) | (143,311,072 | ) | ||||||
Net loss and comprehensive loss |
(19,855,143 | ) | (7,849,737 | ) | (27,704,880 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance at December 31, 2012 |
$ | (65,795,435 | ) | $ | (42,971,238 | ) | $ | (108,766,673 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
Year Ended December 31 | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Operating activities |
||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (27,704,880 | ) | $ | (26,158,923 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |
||||||||
Loss on interest rate swaps |
20,385,052 | 24,011,100 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
6,062,047 | 2,164 | ||||||
Amortization of deferred income |
(897,987 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of deferred financing fees |
1,580,910 | |||||||
Write-off of deferred financing costs |
8,772,249 | |||||||
Loss on investment in HRTE Holdings |
(1,562,738 | ) | ||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Restricted cash |
(39,807,892 | ) | (6,738 | ) | ||||
Accounts receivable |
(4,287,748 | ) | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and short-term deposits |
(62,763 | ) | (172,423 | ) | ||||
Spare parts Inventory |
(812,927 | ) | ||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
2,115,238 | (91,702 | ) | |||||
Payable to (receivable from) affiliates, net |
(19,868,384 | ) | (268,155 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash used in operating activities |
(56,089,823 | ) | (2,684,677 | ) | ||||
Investing activities |
||||||||
Purchases of plant and construction in progress |
(18,329,697 | ) | (191,966,937 | ) | ||||
Cash grant received |
102,086,944 | |||||||
Decrease in cash due to deconsolidation of HRTE Holdings |
(369,445 | ) | ||||||
Distributions from HRTE Holdings and HRP |
103,252,000 | |||||||
Chevron Transaction costs |
(2,541,361 | ) | ||||||
Purchases of furniture and fixtures |
| (11,291 | ) | |||||
Prepaid insurance and deposits, long-term |
| (2,500 | ) | |||||
Due to affiliates, long-term |
| 125,713 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
184,098,441 | (191,855,015 | ) | |||||
Financing activities |
||||||||
Distributions to members |
(143,311,072 | ) | | |||||
Proceeds from notes payable |
312,375,000 | | ||||||
Repayment of construction loans |
(299,034,000 | ) | | |||||
Repayment note payable to affiliate |
(356,090 | ) | ||||||
Debt financing costs |
(4,697,780 | ) | (133,308 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from construction loan payable |
57,950,000 | 191,942,000 | ||||||
Settlement of derivative liability |
(53,555,100 | ) | | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
(130,629,042 | ) | 191,808,692 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
(2,620,424 | ) | (2,731,000 | ) | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |
2,624,841 | 5,355,841 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period |
$ | 4,417 | $ | 2,624,841 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information |
||||||||
Interest paid, including settlements from interest rate swaps |
$ | 9,305,056 | $ | 7,469,136 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Noncash investing activities |
||||||||
Transfers from construction in progress to property, plant and equipment |
$ | 350,850,100 | $ | | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Transfers from prepaid expense to property, plant and equipment |
$ | 190,071 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Construction payable related to purchases of property, plant, and equipment |
$ | 2,691,079 | $ | 1,134,090 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Accounts payable related to plant and construction in progress |
$ | 6,574,375 | $ | 3,762,049 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs included in construction in progress |
$ | 1,101,725 | $ | 6,448,479 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Deconsolidated net equity of HRTE Holdings |
$ | 14,441,850 | $ | | ||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
DECEMBER 31, 2012
1. Description of Company and Nature of Operations
Hudson Ranch I Holdings, LLC (HR Holdings), a limited liability company, was formed on April 26, 2010 (inception) by EnergySource LLC (ES) to hold the interests of Hudson Ranch Power I, LLC (HRP or the Project). HRP is a limited liability company, incorporated on May 12, 2006, by ES to develop, construct, and operate a 49.9-megawatt geothermal power generation plant located in Calipatria, California. HR Holdings received the full ownership interest in HRP from ES on May 13, 2010 (the Transaction Date), as part of a larger financing transaction (the May 2010 Financing) described in Note 6. At the same time, HR Holdings admitted a new member, GeoGlobal U.S. EnergySource LLC (GGE). HR Holdings is jointly owned by ES and GGE (collectively, the Members) and is governed by a management committee with equal representation from each of the Members. Site construction on the Project began in May 2010, and the power plant was placed in service on March 26, 2012 (In-Service Date), with depreciation of the plant assets starting on April 1, 2012. For the years prior to December 31, 2012, the Company was considered to be in the development stage prior to the plant being placed in service.
In August 2012 in conjunction with the refinancing of the HRP construction loan HR Holdings contributed 100% of its interest in HRP into Hudson Ranch TE Holdings LLC (HRTE Holdings), a wholly owned subsidiary (HRTE Transaction). On September 26, 2012 (Chevron Transaction Date), Chevron Hudson Ranch I, LLC (Chevron), contributed $99,500,000 to HRTE Holdings in exchange for a non-controlling equity interest in HRTE Holdings (Chevron Transaction). As a result of the Chevron Transaction, Chevron gained participation rights in HRTE Holdings and HR Holdings no longer controlled by HRTE Holdings. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance the HRTE transaction qualifies as a transfer of real estate for financial reporting purposes and was required to deconsolidate HRTE Holdings. As of the Chevron Transaction date the Company is required to account for its investment in HRTE Holdings under the equity method of accounting. In addition, due to the Companys continuing involvement in HRTE Holdings, the accounting rules precluded the Company from recording a gain upon deconsolidation. Following the Chevron Transaction HRTE Holdings made a significant cash distribution to the Company causing the Companys investment to become negative. This investment is shown on the statement of financial position as distributions in excess of earnings within long-term liabilities.
As of December 31, 2012, HRTE Holdings is jointly owned by HR Holdings and Chevron. The consolidated assets and liabilities of HRTE Holdings as of the Chevron Transaction Date, were as follows:
(in thousands) |
||||
Cash and restricted cash |
$ | 36,224 | ||
Current assets |
7,197 | |||
Long-term assets |
370,451 | |||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(9,735 | ) | ||
Current maturities of long-term notes |
(2,718 | ) | ||
Deferred income |
(101,189 | ) | ||
Asset retirement obligation |
(5,015 | ) | ||
Notes payable long-term |
(309,657 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
$ | (14,442 | ) | ||
|
|
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
The accompanying statements of operations and cash flows include the activities of HRP through Chevron Transaction Date. The Company evaluated subsequent events through April 3, 2013, the date on which these financial statements were available to be issued.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Accounting Estimates
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP). The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include all highly liquid investment instruments with an original maturity of three months or less at the purchase date.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of the financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and accounts payable to affiliates, approximate fair value due to the short maturities of these financial instruments.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash at December 31, 2012 and 2011, consisted of $5,000,000 and $1,047,000, respectively. The 2012 amounts are being held in an escrow account as part of the Chevron Transaction. As a condition of Chevrons investment in HRTE Holdings the Company agreed to the establishment of a $5.0 million escrow account. The escrow account is to secure the Companys obligations under the HRTE Holdings limited liability operating agreement primarily for a cause event or recapture event as those terms are defined therein. The 2011 restricted amounts were in certificates of deposit held with a bank to secure the issuance of performance bonds to local and governmental authorities pursuant to various laws and permits.
Revenue Recognition
The Project began generating revenues when the power plant was placed in service in March 2012. As such, the Companys revenues and accounts receivable are derived primarily from the sale of electrical energy under a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District (SRP), with a term through March 26, 2032. Pursuant to the PPA, SRP is obligated to purchase and the Project is obligated to sell all power generated by the Project up to a maximum production level as specified in the PPA. The price to be paid for energy was derived by a formula as agreed to by the parties and is based on certain specific costs required to construct the Project (Base Price). The Base Price is adjusted seasonally in accordance with the PPA and contains annual indexed escalation provisions.
In accordance with accounting guidance, HRP is required to account for the PPA as an operating lease . All payments received under the PPA represent contingent rentals. Lease revenue is recognized on a units of production basis as electrical power is generated and supplied to SRP. The revenues generated prior to the In-service date of $2,369,000 were offset against the cost of the Plant assets.
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
The Companys future revenues are contingent upon the sale of energy to SRP pursuant to the PPA. The loss of SRP as an energy off-taker would have a material adverse effect on the financial results of the Company.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are deposited with a limited number of financial institutions in the United States. The balances held at any one financial institution may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insurance limits. The Company currently has accounts with only one major financial institution.
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs are recorded at cost and include costs relating to undertaking debt financing activities.
In connection with entering into the Construction Loan Credit Agreement in May 2010 (see Note 5), the Company incurred approximately $19.4 million in deferred financing costs. Deferred financing costs were allocated between Tranche A and Tranche B of the construction loan (Note 5) based on their relative commitment amounts and amortized on a straight-line basis over a two-year term for the Tranche B portion of the debt and a seven-year term for the Tranche A portion of the debt. For Tranche A, the amortization period represents the combined terms of the construction and term loans under the Construction Loan Credit Agreement. The amortization during the construction period through the In-service Date was included in the Projects construction in progress. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had expected to convert the construction loan into a term loan. Upon that conversion, the remaining deferred financing costs related to Tranche A were to be amortized over the remaining life of the debt under the interest method of accounting and included in interest expense on the statements of operations.
Deferred financing costs of $6.4 million has been amortized and capitalized as construction in progress for the year ended December 31 2011. For the period from January 1, 2012 to September 26, 2012, $1.1 million has been amortized and capitalized as construction in progress and $1.6 has been recorded as interest expense. On August 31, 2012, the Company repaid the outstanding balance on the Tranche A loan. The unamortized balance of the Tranche A deferred financing costs as of the August 31, 2012 repayment date in the amount of $8.8 million was written off and reflected in other financing costs in the accompanying 2012 statement of operations.
In connection with entering into the Note Purchase Agreement on August 31, 2012 (see Note 5), the Company incurred approximately $5.4 million in financing costs, of which $625,000 were accounted for as a discount on the notes payable (Note 5) and reported as an offset to the notes payable balance on the Companys balance sheet. These costs are being amortized over the term of the loan using the effective interest method. For the period from January 1, 2012 through September 26, 2012, amortization related to these deferred financing costs totaled $19,000, and was included in interest expense in the accompanying 2012 statement of operations.
In connection with the contribution of members interest to HRTE Holdings (see note 7), the Company incurred approximately $2.5 million in financing costs.
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Property and Equipment, Including Plant Construction in Progress
Property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Depreciation starts on the first of the month following the date assets, or major components thereof, are placed in service. Additions, refurbishment of major equipment and improvements that extend the lives of the assets are capitalized, while expenditures for repairs and maintenance that do not meet this criteria are expensed as incurred. Interest, amortized deferred financing costs, and commitment fees incurred during the construction period are capitalized in connection with the construction of major facilities. These costs are capitalized and recorded as part of the asset to which they relate and will be amortized over the assets estimated useful life when the related asset is placed in service
As of December 31, 2011, property, plant, and equipment consisted primarily of construction in progress on the Project and totaled $352.0 million, which had not been placed into service.
Depreciation of the power plant commenced on April 1, 2012. As of the Chevron Transaction Date, property, plant, and equipment net of depreciation totaled $364.6 million. This consists of gross property, plant and equipment of approximately $370.4 million, consisting primarily of the power plant, and accumulated depreciation of approximately $5.8 million. Total interest capitalized for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, was $4.0 million and $7.5 million, respectively. Included in these amounts are settlements from the interest rate swap agreements of $0.7 and $2.2 million, respectively. Property, plant, and equipment also included the amortization of deferred financing costs of $1.1 and $6.4 million, for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Depreciation expense for the period from April 1, 2012 through the Chevron Transaction Date totaled $5.8 million.
Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews its long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be sold are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value less costs to sell. Based on an evaluation of existing long-lived assets and identifiable intangibles, the Company determined that no impairment of long-lived assets existed as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consist of origination fees related to the PPA with SRP in the amount of $1,193,000. Under the applicable accounting for leases these fees are recognized on a straight line basis starting on the In-service Date and continuing over the non-cancellable term of the PPA of 30 years. The Company recorded amortization of $20,000 for the period from January 1, 2012 to September 26, 2012. All intangible assets were contributed to HRTE on August 31, 2012 as part of the HRTE transaction.
Provision for Environmental Remediation
The Company has an obligation to perform certain cleanup of mud sumps associated with geothermal wells as required by the provisions of an environmental permit and land lease. The Company records a provision for costs associated with environmental remediation obligations in the period in which they are incurred. Costs
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
incurred in connection with the construction of a facility are capitalized as construction in progress. The liability for the obligation represents the Companys best estimate of the expenditure to settle the obligation or to transfer the obligation to a third party as of the balance sheet date. As of December 31, 2011, the Company estimated it will incur $422,000 to complete the cleanup. This amount was capitalized to construction in progress during 2011 and $8,000 of this liability was settled in 2012.
Asset Retirement Obligation (ARO)
The Company accounts for its obligation to dismantle the power plant and restore the site to its original condition as required by provisions of the conditional use permit granted by the county and certain geothermal lease agreements. The Company recorded an ARO of $4,855,000 at the In-service Date. A liability for the fair value of the asset retirement obligation (which represents the cost for removal of the power plant and remediation of the land) has been recognized in the period in which it was incurred, with the offsetting associated asset retirement costs capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the property and equipment. The asset retirement cost is subsequently amortized on a straight-line basis over the 30-year average estimated useful life of the Plant assets. Changes in the asset retirement obligation resulting from the passage of time are recognized as an increase in the carrying amount of the liability and as accretion expense. Changes resulting from revisions to the timing or amount of the original estimates of cash flows are recognized as an increase or a decrease in the asset retirement cost and asset retirement obligation.
The fair value of the cost to dismantle the power plant was based on current estimated costs to perform the dismantlement. An inflation rate of 3.0% and market risk premium of 10% were used to determine the total fair value of the cost to dismantle the power plant at the end of the land lease agreements. This inflated cost was discounted to the present value of the ARO using a discount rate of 6.75%, which reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation.
The following table presents a reconciliation of the ARO Balance:
2012 | ||||
Balance at December 31, 2011 |
$ | 0 | ||
Plant liability |
4,855,000 | |||
Accretion expense |
160,000 | |||
Balance at September 26, 2012 |
$ | 5,015,000 |
Investment in Unconsolidated Affiliates
HRTE Holdings net earnings or losses are allocated to the Members equity accounts in accordance with the allocation provisions of the LLC Agreement.
The HRTE LLC Agreement calls for the allocation of profit and loss on an income tax basis. In addition, cash is distributed and other benefits allocated in varying amounts throughout the life of the Company. Therefore, the members interests in the Company are not fixed, and the Company applies the Hypothetical Liquidation at Book Value (HLBV) method in allocating book profit and loss to the members. The HLBV method is consistent with the principles set forth in ASC Topic 323-970, InvestmentsEquity Method and Joint Ventures, Real Estate. The HLBV method measures the amount of cash that each member would receive at each
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
reporting date upon a hypothetical liquidation of the Company at the net book value of its underlying assets. The change in the amount of cash that each member would receive at the reporting date and the previous reporting date represents the amount of profit or loss allocated to each member for the reporting period, taking into account the distributions received during the reporting period.
Significant aspects of the HRTE LLC Agreement are detailed below:
Tax Allocations
Taxable income is allocated to the Class A Member (HRH) and the Class B Member (Chevron) in the ratio of 1% to 99% until the flip point has been reached. The flip point is defined in the LLC Agreement as the date the Class B Member has received a certain after-tax return, as set forth in the LLC Agreement. Thereafter, taxable income is allocated to the Class A Members and the Class B Member in the ratio of 95% to 5%, respectively.
Cash Distributions
Available cash, as defined in the LLC Agreement, is distributed to the Class A Member and the Class B Member in the ratio of 12.6% to 87.4%, until the flip point. Thereafter, available cash is distributed to the Class A Members and the Class B Member in the ratio of 95% to 5%, respectively. The distribution ratios are subject to certain modifications as set forth in the LLC Agreement.
Management
Management of the HRTE is vested in the managing member, which is currently HR Holdings. However, certain actions, such as the incurrence of indebtedness, the sale of membership interests, the incurrence of expenditures, the execution of the operating budget, and others as set forth in the LLC Agreement, must be approved by approval of a majority of all members, as also set forth in the LLC Agreement.
Purchase Option
HR Holdings or any other EnergySource LLC (ES) affiliate, will have the right to reacquire all of the outstanding Class B membership interests at any time during the twelve month period following the first day after the end of the quarter in which the Flip Point occurs, but not earlier that the fifth anniversary after the Project was placed in service (March 26, 2012); the fifteenth anniversary after the Project was placed in service; the twentieth anniversary after the Project was placed in service, as set forth in the LLC Agreement. The exercise price will be the higher of fair market value of the class B membership interests on the date of the purchase and the Minimum Purchase Price. The Minimum Purchase price is an amount that allows the Class B Member to earn the greater of the Internal Rate of Return achieved by the Class B Member on the Purchase Option exercise date, as if any outstanding Accumulated Deficit Balance that accrued after the Flip Point had been reduced to zero on the Purchase Option exercise date by a hypothetical distribution of cash to the Class B Member and the Class B Members Base Case Internal Rate of Return of 20%, as also set forth in the LLC Agreement. The Company concluded that the purchase option does not meet the definition of a derivative under the derivative guidance and is not subject to bifurcation and separate accounting on HRTEs financial statements. The following table summarizes the financial information of HRTE Holdings as of and for the period from September 26, 2012 to December 31, 2012:
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
2012 | ||||
Revenues |
$ | 17,215,129 | ||
Operating income |
6,040,626 | |||
Net income |
615,046 | |||
Companys share of net income |
1,562,742 | |||
Assets |
||||
Current assets |
$ | 34,166,324 | ||
Noncurrent assets |
368,005,449 | |||
|
|
|||
Total assets |
$ | 402,171,773 | ||
|
|
|||
Liabilities |
||||
Current liabilities |
$ | 9,393,070 | ||
Noncurrent liabilities |
413,045,705 | |||
|
|
|||
Total liabilities |
$ | 422,438,775 | ||
|
|
|||
Members equity (deficit) |
||||
Outside Members equity |
$ | 95,864,110 | ||
Companys share of (deficit) |
(116,131,112 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Total Members (deficit) |
$ | (20,267,002 | ) | |
|
|
Government Grant
The Company records grants received from the government that are related to depreciable assets as deferred income. The deferred income is then amortized into other income over the useful life of the assets to which the grant is related.
In June 2012, the Project received a cash grant from the United States Treasury under Section 1603 of Division B of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (the Act) related to the Project (the Cash Grant). The grant represented 30% of qualified costs of the Plant, as defined by the Act, and totaled $102,087,000. The deferred income amount related to the Cash Grant will be amortized into other income on a straight-line basis, over the remaining useful life of the Plant assets of approximately 30 years. For the period from June, 2012 through September 26, 2012, amortization of the grant totaled $898,000.
In order to comply with the Act, the Project must provide to the United States Treasury a project performance report on an annual basis, for a period of five years after the property is placed in service. Information included in this report includes number of jobs retained and annual production data. If the property is disposed of within five years from the date the power plant is placed in service, the grant is subject to recapture rules, as set forth in the Act.
DerivativesInterest Rate Swaps
Derivative liability recorded as of December 31, 2011 is related to interest rate swaps. In May 2010, the Company entered into a series of derivative transactions in order to manage the exposure to interest rate risk on the construction loan (2010 Interest Rate Swaps). The 2010 Interest Rate Swaps were entered into with the participants to the Construction Loan Credit Agreement (as discussed in Note 5) to manage interest rate risk by limiting the interest rate exposure on the underlying financing. These interest rate contracts had an initial notional
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
amount of $172.7 million, were based on LIBOR (U.S. dollar) rates, range in maturity from one to three months, and were to extend through September 29, 2027. The notional amounts for the one-month swaps was to increase through their term on June 29, 2012. The notional amounts on the three-month swaps was to increase through June 29, 2018, and then decrease afterward through their term on September 29, 2027. The interest rate on the one-month swap contracts, which extend through June 29, 2012, was set at 1.68%. The interest rate on the three-month swap contracts for the period of June 30, 2012 through September 29, 2027, was set at 4.84%. Under the accounting standards on derivatives and hedging, the Company recognizes all derivatives, except those designated as a normal purchase or normal sale at inception, as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet and measures those instruments at fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognized in earnings unless specific hedge criteria are met. Gains and losses related to cash flow hedges are recognized in other comprehensive income. Gains or losses on derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting are recognized as interest expense.
The accounting standards on derivatives and hedging enable companies to designate qualifying derivatives as hedging instruments based on the exposure being hedged. These hedge designations mainly include fair value hedges and cash flow hedges. Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective and that is designated and qualifies as a fair value hedge are recognized in earnings as offsets to the changes in fair value of the exposure being hedged. Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective and that is designated and qualifies as a cash flow hedge are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive loss and are recognized into earnings as the hedged transactions affect earnings. Any ineffectiveness is recognized in earnings immediately. The ineffective portion is recognized as interest expense for interest rate hedges.
The hedging relationships under the 2010 Interest Rate Swaps are ineffective and do not qualify for hedge accounting. The accounting standards on derivatives and hedging enable companies to designate qualifying derivatives as hedging instruments based on the exposure being hedged. These hedge designations mainly include fair value hedges and cash flow hedges. Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective and that is designated and qualifies as a fair value hedge are recognized in earnings as offsets to the changes in fair value of the exposure being hedged. Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective and that is designated and qualifies as a cash flow hedge are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive loss and are recognized into earnings as the hedged transactions affect earnings. Any ineffectiveness is recognized in earnings immediately. The ineffective portion is recognized as interest expense for interest rate hedges. The hedging relationships under the 2010 Interest Rate Swaps are ineffective and do not qualify for hedge accounting. As of December 31, 2011, the Company was in a $33.2 million liability position on its derivative instruments, reported in current liabilities on the 2011 statement of financial position. The one-month swaps expired at their maturity on June 29, 2012. On August 31, 2012, in conjunction with the early repayment of the construction loan (see Note 5), the Company terminated the three-month swaps by making a payment of $53.6 million. The change in the fair value of the 2010 Interest Rate Swaps for the period from January 1, 2012 to September 26, 2012 and for the year ended December 31, 2011, was $20.4 million and $24.0 million, respectively, and was recognized as a loss on derivatives in the Companys statements of operations.
Income Taxes
The Company is not subject to federal and state income taxes and, accordingly, has not provided for income taxes in the accompanying financial statements. The members are required to report their proportional share of gains, losses, credits, or deductions on their individual income tax returns.
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
The Company applies accounting guidance with respect to how uncertain tax positions should be recognized, measured, presented, and disclosed in the financial statements. This guidance requires the accounting and disclosure of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing the Companys tax returns to determine whether the tax positions are more likely than not of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions not deemed to meet the more-likely-than-not threshold would be recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. Management of the Company is required to analyze all open tax years, as defined by the statute of limitations, for all major jurisdictions, which includes federal and certain states. The Company has had no examinations in progress, none are expected at this time, and the years 2008 through 2012 are still open. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, there is no tax liability resulting from unrecognized tax benefits relating to uncertain income tax positions taken or expected to be taken in future tax returns. The Companys policy is to recognize interest expense and penalties related to income tax matters as a component of other expense. There was no accrued interest and penalties as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2011, the FASB issued authoritative guidance regarding common fair value measurements and disclosure requirements in U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and International Financial Reporting Standards. This newly issued accounting standard clarifies the application of certain existing fair value measurement guidance and expands the disclosures for fair value measurements that are estimated using significant unobservable inputs. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations. In February 2013 the FASB issued an amendment to this guidance, to be effective immediately, to clarify that nonpublic entities are not required to disclose the level of fair value hierarchy for items that are not measured at fair value in the statement of financial position, but for which fair value is disclosed. This guidance was effective immediately. The Company adopted this guidance beginning on January 1, 2012. The adoption of this guidance did not affect the Companys financial position, results of operations, or cash flows
3. Fair Value Measurements
The Company accounts for fair value measurements under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820). ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets.
Level 2: Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which requires the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Managements assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment, and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
In determining the fair value of the financial instruments, management considers the source of observable market data inputs, the liquidity of the instrument, the credit risk of the counterparty to the contract, and the Companys own risk of nonperformance.
When deemed appropriate, the Company manages risk from interest rate fluctuations through the use of derivative financial instruments. The 2010 Interest Rate Swaps are interest rate swaps that establish a fixed rate on variable-rate debt. The fair value of the 2010 Interest Rate Swaps was determined using support of a third-party specialist and is based on observable inputs, including interest rate curves, as well as unobservable inputs, such as the Companys and its counterparties credit spread. The primary pricing inputs used in determining the fair value of the interest rate swaps are forward LIBOR curves with the same duration as the instrument as reported in published information provided by pricing services. For each derivative, the projected forward curves are used to determine the stream of cash flows over the remaining term of the contract. The cash flows are then discounted using a spot discount rate to determine the fair value. In certain instances, the published curve may not extend through the remaining term of the contract, and management must make assumptions to extrapolate the curve, which results in the use of unobservable inputs. The value of the 2010 Interest Rate Swaps was adjusted for the non-performance risk of the parties to the contract or credit valuation adjustment for contracts, which is based on unobservable inputs. As a result, the derivative liability related to the 2010 Interest Rate Swaps was categorized as Level 3. The 2010 Interest Rate Swaps either expired or were settled during 2012. As such, the Company had no derivative liability at the Chevron Transaction Date.
The following tables present the financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, by level within the fair value hierarchy.
Assets and Liabilities With
Recurring Fair Value Measures As of December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||
Carrying Value | (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | |||||||||||||
(In Thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||||||
Money market funds (1) |
$ | 5,000 | $ | 5,000 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
$ | 5,000 | $ | 5,000 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Included in restricted cash on the consolidated statement of financial position |
Assets and Liabilities With
Recurring Fair Value Measures As of December 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||
Carrying Value | (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | |||||||||||||
(In Thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit (1) |
$ | 1,047 | $ | 1,047 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
$ | 1,047 | $ | 1,047 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||||||||
Derivative liability |
$ | 33,170 | $ | | $ | | $ | 33,170 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
$ | 33,170 | $ | | $ | | $ | 33,170 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Included in restricted cash on the consolidated statement of financial position |
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
The following table presents a reconciliation of the derivative liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):
Balance at December 31, 2011 |
$ | 33,170 | ||
Change in fair value of derivative liability reported in the consolidated statement of operations (1) |
20,385 | |||
|
|
|||
Settlement of derivative liability |
(53,555 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Balance at September 26, 2012 |
$ | | ||
|
|
(1) | See Note 2, Derivatives Interest Rate Swaps , for further information regarding the classification of gains and losses included in earnings in the consolidated statements of operations. |
4. Related-Party Transactions
Equity Placement Fee
Pursuant to the Equity Placement Fee Agreement between the Company and Hannon Armstrong Capital, LLC (HA), an affiliate, executed May 13, 2010, the Company is required to pay HA a fee equal to 5% of any equity infusion completed through HAs efforts. During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company received two equity infusions aggregating $90 million and thereby owed HA $4.5 million. On May 13, 2010, the Company paid HA $4,224,501 and issued a note payable for $275,499. The note is payable on or before May 12, 2013, plus interest. The note amount of $275,499, plus interest of $114,260 was paid off in September 2012.
Financial Services Agreement
Pursuant to the August 15, 2012 amended and restated financial services agreement between the Company and Hannon Armstrong Securities LLC (HA Securities), an affiliate, HA Securities is to provide the Company certain services related to the placement of debt or equity securities. In accordance with this agreement the Company paid HA Securities $3.1 million for financial services related to the HRTE Transaction.
Development Fee Agreement
On May 11, 2010, HRP entered into a Development Fee Agreement with HA and Catalyst Geothermal, LLC (collectively, the Developers) in consideration for the development services provided to the Company prior to obtaining Project financing. The Company shall pay the Developers a fee of $10 million each, to the extent that there are funds available from the construction loans after taking into account the payment of all Project costs through the earlier of (i) the term conversion of the construction loans or (ii) December 31, 2012. Such payment shall be made on the earlier of the date of substantial completion of the Project as that term is defined in the Credit Agreement (see Note 5) or one business day prior to the placed-in-service date as that term is defined in the Credit Agreement. The Company has recorded a $20 million development fee payable to related parties, which was capitalized in 2010 and included in construction in progress. The amount was included in payables to affiliates and development fee payable to affiliates in December 31, 2011. The Company paid the $20 million to Developers in 2012.
Debt Placement Fee
Pursuant to the Debt Placement Fee Agreement between the Company and HA executed on May 13, 2010, the Company paid HA $3 million. This amount represents 1% of the initial nonrecourse debt placed by HA under the Credit Agreement (Note 5). The amount was included in deferred financing costs (discussed in Note 2). In 2012, the Company recorded $1.5 million payable to HA in connection with the Chevron transaction.
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Project Management Agreement
On May 11, 2010, ES and the Company executed a fee agreement whereby ES would provide project management and administrative services to the Company. The agreement expires with the expiration of the PPA with SRP or anytime at the Companys discretion without having to show cause. During the construction phase of the contract (period prior to commercial operation), the monthly fee is $106,000 per month. After the construction period ends, the fee is reduced to $64,333 per month. During the period from January 1, 2012 to September 26, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011, the total payments made to ES pursuant to this agreement amounted to $641,000 and $1,272,000, respectively. During period from January 1, 2012 to September 26, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011, $95,000 and $500,000, respectively, were capitalized as a direct cost of construction. The remaining amounts of $546,000 and $772,000 were expensed as a general and administrative expense for period from January 1, 2012 to September 26, 2012 and the year ended December 31, and 2011, respectively. There were no payable balances under this agreement as of December 31, 2011.
Operations and Management Agreement
On September 30, 2009, HRP and Hudson Ranch Energy Services LLC (HRES), a subsidiary of ES, entered into an Operations and Maintenance Agreement. Pursuant to this agreement, HRES is to provide various services for the mobilization, operation, and maintenance of the Project. As compensation for such services, the Company is obligated to reimburse HRES for all costs incurred in providing the services plus a Base Fee annually. The Base Fee is payable in equal monthly installments commencing on the Commercial Operations Date as defined therein and is subject to annual escalation. In addition, HRES is subject to meeting certain performance criteria that could positively or negatively impact the Base Fee. Prior to the Commercial Operations Date, HRES is to provide various services required to prepare the Project for start-up and steady operations. During this period of time, the Company is obligated to reimburse HRES for all costs and labor incurred in providing these services, up to a maximum of $1.6 million, increased by amendment to $3 million in November 2011. For the period from January 1, 2012 to September 26, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011, HRES billed the Company $3.7 million and $1.6 million, respectively. During 2012 and 2011, approximately $0 and $838,000 of this amount was capitalized into construction in progress, respectively. The remaining amounts of $3.7 million and $770,000 were expensed as Plant Operations for period from January 1, 2012 to September 26, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011, respectively. There were no payable balances under this agreement as of December 31, 2011.
General and Administrative Costs
During the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company incurred certain general and administrative costs aggregating $380,000 and $318,000, respectively, paid for by ES and included with other amounts payable to affiliates. Of these amounts, $0 and $249,000 is included in payables to affiliates as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. At December 31, 2012 amounts payable to HRPI was $84,000 and payable to ES $64,000.
5. Debt Financing
Construction Loan
In May 2010, HRP entered into a credit agreement (the Construction Loan Credit Agreement or Credit Agreement) with a group of banks in order to finance the construction of the Project. The Credit Agreement provided for an aggregate of approximately $300.2 million in construction loan and term financing. The
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
construction loan consisted of a Tranche A commitment of $204.9 million and a Tranche B commitment estimated at $95.3 million. The Tranche B portion was dependent upon certain eligible construction and drilling costs associated with the Cash Grant, and could not exceed $95.3 million, and was due in full on December 30, 2012. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had drawn $204.9 million on Tranche A and $36.2 million on Tranche B. The amounts drawn upon under the construction loan were eligible for conversion into a term loan upon the attainment of certain conditions precedent, but no later than December 30, 2012. If not converted, the construction loan, including accrued interest, was payable in full on December 31, 2012. Prior to conversion to a term loan, all proceeds received under the Cash Grant must first be applied to the Tranche B construction loans. As of December 31, 2011, the portion of the Tranche B construction loans to be repaid prior to the end of 2012 was recorded as a current liability. The remaining construction loan balance was classified as a noncurrent liability as of December 31, 2011, as the Company anticipated that the term conversion conditions would be met during 2012 and that the remaining construction loan balance would be converted into a term loan.
Interest payments on the construction loan accrued on a daily basis at variable rates based upon either a base rate of the prime lending rates, less an applicable margin of 0.75%, or the eurodollar rate, plus an applicable margin of 3.25%. During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the borrowings were primarily made pursuant to the eurodollar loan option, and the applicable interest rate under the Construction Loan Credit Agreement prior to consideration of the interest rate swaps (see Note 3) was approximately 4.2% and 3.5% respectively for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.
For the period from January 1, 2012 through September 26, 2012, interest incurred on the Construction Loan Credit Agreement totaled $9,013,000. Of this amount, $2,914,000 was capitalized to construction in progress, and $6,099,000 was recorded as interest expense. For the year ended December 31, 2011, interest incurred on the Construction Loan Credit Agreement was $7,469,000, which was capitalized in construction in progress. Included in these amounts are settlements from the interest rate swap agreements of $1,514,000 and $2,523,000 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
On August 31, 2012, HRP, in conjunction with the closing of a $313 million Notes Payable Agreement (see below) repaid the principal amounts outstanding under the Construction Loan Credit Agreement aggregating $299.0 million. In addition, HRP also terminated the interest rate swap agreements by making a $53.5 million payment.
Borrowings under the Construction Loan Credit Agreement were secured by substantially all assets of HRP. The Credit Agreement contained customary covenants and default provisions, including limitations on, among other things, additional indebtedness, liens, maintenance of debt service reserve, retention, major maintenance accounts, and restricted payments. HRP was in compliance with these covenants during the term of the Construction Loan Credit Agreement
Pursuant to the Construction Loan Credit Agreement, HRP was required to pay a commitment fee on a quarterly basis equal to 1.3% of the daily average unused credit facilities under Tranches A and B. During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company incurred $246,000 and $2.0 million, respectively, in commitment fees. Of these amounts $181,000 and $2.0 million were capitalized into construction in progress for the period from January 1, 2012 through September 26, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011 respectively.
Notes payable
On August 31, 2012 the Company entered into a separate $313 million note purchase agreement (the Note Purchase Agreement) with a group of institutional lenders (the Lenders). The senior secured notes issued
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
under the Note Purchase Agreement bear interest at 6.25%. Interest on the notes is due quarterly. Variable principal amounts are due as of the end of most calendar quarters throughout the term of the notes ending on March 31, 2042, as set forth in the amortization schedule to the Note Purchase Agreement. Interest expense for the period from August 31, 2012 through September 26, 2012 totaled $1,413,000. The notes payable balance included $623,000 discount related to the loan origination costs, of which were amortized into interest expenses through the Chevron Transaction date. These Notes payable were contributed as part of the equity transaction with HRTEH LLC.
6. Commitments
Purchase Commitments
The Company has entered into a number of agreements for equipment purchases and services related to its construction-in-progress activities. At December 31, 2012, total obligations related to such agreements were immaterial.
Geothermal Leases
The Company has entered into a number of geothermal lease agreements that may be terminated by the Company at any time without penalty. The primary term under these leases is for ten years, and they contain an escalation clause in year five. Thereafter, the base rent is increased by the Implicit Price Deflators of Gross Domestic Product (IPDGDP) index. In the event that the Company sells geothermal substances as defined therein, the Company will make a royalty payment to the lessors in an amount to be determined by the type of substance being sold. In the event the sale is attributable to the generation facility owned or operated by the Company, then the applicable royalty rate would be payable on a pro rata basis attributable to that lessors contribution. The Company incurred approximately $838,000 and $14,600 for the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. These lease agreements have been contributed as part of the HRTE transaction.
Royalty Agreement
In January 2005, ES entered into a consulting services agreement with a consultant to provide assistance in obtaining land and geothermal mineral rights in the Imperial Valley of California. The agreement was later amended and restated on April 1, 2009, and the obligation thereunder relating to the Project was later assigned to the Company. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company is obligated to pay the consultant a royalty override on revenues generated by the Project. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company incurred $41,000 and $0 royalty expense related to this agreement, respectively.
Contingencies and Litigation
The Company may from time to time be involved in various claims and lawsuits regarding matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Accordingly, management assesses the probability of adverse judgments in connection with current and threatened litigation. Management would accrue the cost of an adverse judgment if, in its estimation, the adverse outcome is probable and management can reasonably estimate the ultimate cost. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company was not aware of any threatened or pending lawsuits.
7. Members Equity
Pursuant to the terms of HR Holdings Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement (the Operating Agreement), the Company will continue until the earliest of (a) a term 99 years after October 5,
HUDSON RANCH I HOLDINGS, LLC
(A Limited Liability Company)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
2005; (b) the unanimous decision of the Members, or (c) an event of dissolution. The Companys net earnings or losses are allocated to the Members equity accounts in accordance with distribution provisions of the Operating Agreement. Such allocations are essentially done in proportion to each Members pro rata share of membership units owned, subject to certain preferences based on class of membership unit owned. Except for certain conditions as specified in the Credit Agreement, the Members are not liable for any amount in excess of their respective capital contributions and are not liable for any of the debts and losses of the Company, except to the extent that a liability of the Company is founded upon results from an unauthorized act or activity of such Member.
The Operating Agreement specifies that there will be two classes of membership units, each with different rights to profits, losses, and cash distributions:
Class A Member Units . Class A member units are entitled to 75% of earnings and losses until such time as they realize a 13% annualized rate of return on their equity capital contribution plus a priority distribution to one member of $1.5 million (the Flip Point). Such amounts will be allocated in accordance with each Members pro rata units. After the Flip Point is reached, Class A members are entitled to 35% of earnings and losses in accordance with each Members pro rata units.
Class B Member Units . Class B member units are entitled to 25% of earnings and losses until such time as the Class A units realize a 13% annualized rate of return on their equity capital contributions plus a priority distribution to one member of $1.5 million (the Flip Point). Thereafter, earnings and losses will be allocated in accordance with each Members pro rata units. After the Flip Point is reached, Class B members are entitled to 65% of earnings and losses in accordance with each Members pro rata units.
Both Class A and Class B member units have voting rights, and a majority of all Members is required to effectuate changes to the Operating Agreement. A majority of all Members is defined as 50.1% of the Class A member units and 50.1% of the Class B member units.
On May 13, 2010, the Company amended and restated its Operating Agreement to allow for the admission of GGE as a new member. On that date: (i) ES contributed its entire ownership interest in HRP with a net carrying value of $13 million and $4 million in cash for 15,366,501 Class B member units and 4,000,000 Class A member units, respectively. In addition, GGE contributed approximately $54.2 million in cash in return for 54,240,584 of Class A member units and committed to contribute an additional $31.8 million pursuant to the terms of the May 2010 Equity Contribution Agreement. Subsequently, GGE made three additional cash contributions and in return received an additional 31,759,519 Class A member units. As a result of this capitalization, ES obtained approximately 28.3% interest in the Company, with the remaining 71.7% going to GGE.
In connection with the HRTE transaction, the Company made $40 million in cash distributions to the members. In connection with the Chevron Transaction in September 2012, the Company made $103 million in cash distributions to the members. No cash contributions were received from the members in 2012 and 2011.