Table of Contents

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 12, 2015

Registration No. 333-200848

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

Amendment No. 1

to

FORM F-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

Abengoa Yield plc

(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 

 

Not Applicable

(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

 

 

 

England and Wales   4911   Not applicable

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

Classification Code Number)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

Great West House, GW1, 17 th floor

Great West Road

Brentford, United Kingdom TW8 9DF

Tel.: +44 207 098 4384

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

 

Abengoa Solar LLC

1250 Simms St., #101

Lakewood, CO 80401

Tel.: (303) 928 8500

Attn.: Christopher B. Hansmeyer

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

 

Copies of communications, including communications sent to agent for service, should be sent to:

 

Jeffrey C. Cohen, Esq.

Linklaters LLP

1345 Avenue of the Americas

New York, New York 10105

Phone: (212) 903-9000

 

Michael J. Willisch, Esq.

Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP

Paseo de la Castellana, 41

28046 Madrid

Phone: + 34 91 768 9610

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public : As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box:   ¨

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨

If this Form is a post effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨

If this Form is a post effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one)

 

Large accelerated filer

 

¨

  

Accelerated filer

 

¨

Non-accelerated filer

 

x   (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

  

Smaller reporting company

 

¨

 

 

The registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The selling shareholder may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to Completion, dated January 12, 2015.

9,200,000 Ordinary Shares

 

LOGO

(Incorporated in England and Wales)

Ordinary Shares

$        per share

 

 

The selling shareholder named in this prospectus is offering 9,200,000 ordinary shares of Abengoa Yield plc, or the Company. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of these shares.

Our ordinary shares are traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “ABY.” On January 9, 2015, the last reported sale price of our ordinary shares was $29.16 per share.

We are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the corporate governance standards of the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and, as such, are allowed to provide in this prospectus more limited disclosures than an issuer that would not so qualify. In addition, for as long as we remain an emerging growth company, we will qualify for certain limited exceptions from the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Ownership of our Shares—We are an “emerging growth company” and may elect to comply with reduced public company reporting requirements, which could make our shares less attractive to investors” and “Summary—JOBS Act.”

 

 

Investing in our shares involves risks. See “ Risk Factors ” beginning on page 24 of this prospectus.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the Commission, nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

 

     Per Share      Total  

Public Offering price

   $                   $               

Underwriting discounts

   $        $    

Proceeds to the selling shareholder, before expenses

   $        $    

The underwriters expect to deliver the ordinary shares to purchasers on or about         through the book-entry facilities of The Depository Trust Company.

To the extent that the underwriters sell more than 9,200,000 ordinary shares, the underwriters have the option to purchase up to an additional 1,380,000 ordinary shares from the selling shareholder at the public offering price less the underwriting discount. We will not receive any proceeds from the exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

 

Citigroup   BofA Merrill Lynch
HSBC   Banco Santander

The date of this prospectus is                 , 2015.


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

Enforcement of Civil Liabilities

     ii   

Definitions

     ii   

Presentation of Financial Information

     iv   

Presentation of Industry and Market Data

     vi   

Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

     viii   

Summary

     1   

The Offering

     18   

Summary Financial Information

     19   

Risk Factors

     24   

Use of Proceeds

     51   

Price Range of Our Ordinary Shares

     52   

Capitalization

     53   

Cash Dividend Policy

     54   

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

     57   

Selected Financial Information

     63   

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

     67   

Business

     99   

Regulation

     129   

Management

     164   

Related Party Transactions

     170   

Principal and Selling Shareholder

     179   

Description of Share Capital

     180   

Shares Eligible for Future Sale

     196   

Description of Certain Indebtedness

     197   

Taxation

     199   

Underwriting

     205   

Expenses of the Offering

     211   

Legal Matters

     212   

Experts

     213   

Where You Can Find More Information

     214   

Index to Financial Statements

     F-1   

We are responsible for the information contained in this prospectus and in any free-writing prospectus we prepare or authorize. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information, and we take no responsibility for any other information others may give you. We and the selling shareholder, are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than its date.

 

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ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES

We are a public limited company organized under the laws of England and Wales. A majority of our directors and officers and certain other persons named in this prospectus reside outside the United States and all or a significant portion of the assets of the directors and officers and certain other persons named in this prospectus and a significant portion of our assets is located outside the United States.

As a result, it may not be possible for U.S. investors to effect service of process within the United States upon these persons or to enforce against them or against us in U.S. courts judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States. There is doubt as to the enforceability in the United Kingdom and in Spain, either in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts, of civil liabilities predicated on the U.S. federal securities laws.

DEFINITIONS

Unless otherwise specified or the context requires otherwise in this prospectus:

 

   

references to “2019 Notes” refer to the 7.000% Senior Notes due 2019 in an aggregate principal amount of $255 million issued on November 17, 2014, as further described in “Summary—Recent Developments” and “Description of Certain Indebtedness—2019 Notes;”

 

   

references to “Abengoa” refer to Abengoa, S.A., together with its subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires;

 

   

references to “Abengoa ROFO Assets” refer to all of the future contracted assets in renewable energy, conventional power, electric transmission and water of Abengoa that are in operation, and any other renewable energy, conventional power, electric transmission and water asset that is expected to generate contracted revenue and that Abengoa has transferred to an investment vehicle that are located in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil, Colombia and the European Union, and four additional assets in other selected regions, including a pipeline of specified assets that we expect to evaluate for acquisition in 2015, 2016 and beyond, for which Abengoa will provide us a right of first offer to purchase if offered for sale by Abengoa or an investment vehicle to which Abengoa has transferred them;

 

   

references to “ACBH” refer to Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding S.A., a subsidiary holding company of Abengoa that is engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, comprised mostly of transmission lines;

 

   

references to “Annual Combined Financial Statements” refer to the audited annual combined financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 (which include a statement of financial position as of January 1, 2012 of our accounting predecessor), including the related notes thereto, prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB (as such terms are defined herein), included in this prospectus;

 

   

references to “BOOT” refer to build-own-operate-transfer arrangements;

 

   

references to “cash available for distribution” refer to the cash distributions received by the Company from its subsidiaries minus all cash expenses of the Company, including debt service and transaction costs;

 

   

references to “COD” refer to the commercial operation date of the applicable facility;

 

   

references to “Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements” refer to our unaudited consolidated condensed interim financial statements as of September 30, 2014 and for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard 34 as issued by the IASB (as such term is defined herein), included in this prospectus;

 

   

references to “Credit Facility” refer to the credit facility of up to $125 million dated December 3, 2014 entered into by us, as the borrower, and our subsidiaries Abengoa Concessions Infrastructures, S.L.U.,

 

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or ACIN, Abengoa Concessions Peru, S.A., or ACP, ACT Holding, S.A. de C.V., or ACTH, Abengoa Solar Holdings USA Inc, or ASHUSA, and Abengoa Solar US Holdings Inc., or ASUSHI, as guarantors, with HSBC Bank plc, as administrative agent, HSBC Corporate Trust Company (UK) Limited, as collateral agent and Banco Santander, S.A., Bank of America, N.A., Citigroup Global Markets Limited, HSBC Bank plc and RBC Capital Markets, as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners, as further described in “Summary—Recent Developments” and “Description of Certain Indebtedness—Credit Facility;”

 

   

references to “CSP” refer to Concentrating Solar Power;

 

   

references to “DOE” refer to the U.S. Department of Energy;

 

   

references to “EPC” refer to engineering, procurement and construction;

 

   

references to “euro” or “€” are to the single currency of the participating member states of the European and Monetary Union of the Treaty Establishing the European Community, as amended from time to time;

   

references to “Exchange Act” refer to the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder;

 

   

references to “Executive Services Agreement” refer to the agreement we entered into with Abengoa on June 13, 2014 pursuant to which Abengoa has arranged for a team of executives to provide executive management services to us until June 2015;

 

   

references to the “First Dropdown Assets” refer to (i) a Concentrating Solar Power plant in Spain, Solacor 1/2, with a capacity of 100 MW; (ii) a Concentrating Solar Power plant in Spain, PS10/20, with a capacity of 31 MW; and (iii) one on-shore wind farm in Uruguay, Cadonal, with a capacity of 50 MW, as further described in “Summary—First Dropdown Assets” and “Business—First Dropdown Assets;”

 

   

references to “FPA” refer to the U.S. Federal Power Act;

 

   

references to “Further Adjusted EBITDA” have the meaning set forth in “Presentation of Financial Information—Non-GAAP Financial Measures;”

 

   

references to the “Governance MOU” refer to the memorandum of understanding we entered into with Abengoa on December 9, 2014 pursuant to which we and Abengoa agreed to work jointly on certain governance related matters;

 

   

references to “gross capacity” refers to the maximum, or rated, power generation capacity, in MW, of a facility or group of facilities, without adjusting by our percentage of ownership interest in such facility as of the date of this prospectus;

 

   

references to “GW” refer to gigawatts;

 

   

references to “IFRIC 12” refer to International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee’s Interpretation 12—Service Concessions Arrangements;

 

   

references to “IFRS as issued by the IASB” refer to International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board;

 

   

reference to “IPO” refer to our initial public offering of ordinary shares in June 2014;

 

   

references to “IPP” refer to independent power producers;

 

   

references to “ITC” refer to investment tax credits;

 

   

references to “membership interest” refer to ownership interest in the applicable entity, including such economic interest and right, if any, to participate in the management of the business and affairs of the entity, including the right, if any, to vote on, consent to or otherwise participate in any decision or action of or by the members of the entity and the right to receive information concerning the business and affairs of the entity, in each case to the extent expressly provided in the relevant operating agreement;

 

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references to “M ft3” refer to million cubic feet;

 

   

references to “MW” refer to megawatts;

 

   

references to “MWh” refer to megawatt hours;

 

   

references to “Non-Recourse Debt” refer to certain of our projects and significant investments, including capital expenditures typically relating to concessions or contracted asset agreements, under loan agreements and related documents which require the loans to be repaid solely from the revenue of the project being financed thereby and provide that the repayment of the loans (and interest thereon) is secured solely by the shares, physical assets, contracts and cash flow of that project company;

 

   

references to “O&M” refer to operations and maintenance services provided at our various facilities;

 

   

references to “operation” refer to the status of projects that have reached COD (as defined above);

 

   

references to “PPA” refer to the power purchase agreements through which our power generating assets have contracted to sell energy to various off-takers;

 

   

references to “pre-construction” refer to the status of projects for which a PPA is in place and for which financing arrangements are in the process of being implemented;

 

   

references to “PV” refer to photovoltaic;

 

   

references to “ROFO Agreement” refer to the agreement we entered into with Abengoa on June 13, 2014, as amended and restated on December 9, 2014, that provides us a right of first offer to purchase any of the Abengoa ROFO Assets offered for sale by Abengoa or an investment vehicle to which Abengoa has transferred them, as further amended and restated from time to time;

 

   

references to “RPS” refer to renewable portfolio standards adopted by 29 U.S. states and the District of Columbia that require a regulated retail electric utility to procure a specific percentage of its total electricity delivered to retail customers in the respective state from eligible renewable generation resources, such as solar or wind generation facilities, by a specific date;

 

   

references to “Support Services Agreement” refer to the agreement we entered into with Abengoa on June 13, 2014, pursuant to which Abengoa and certain of its affiliates provide certain administrative and support services to us and some of our subsidiaries;

 

   

references to “t” and “tons” are to metric tons (one metric ton being equal to 1,000 kilograms or 2,205 pounds);

 

   

references to “TWh” refer to terawatt hours;

 

   

references to “UTE” refer to Administracion Nacional de Usinas y Transmisiones Electricas , the Republic of Uruguay’s state-owned electricity company;

 

   

references to “U.K.” refer to the United Kingdom;

 

   

references to “U.S.” or “United States” refer to the United States of America; and

 

   

references to “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” refer to Abengoa Yield plc and its subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires.

PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The selected financial information as of September 30, 2014 and for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 is derived from, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, our Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus and prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB.

 

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The selected financial information as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 and as of January 1, 2012 is derived from, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, our Annual Combined Financial Statements, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus and prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB. Our Annual Combined Financial Statements reflect the combination of certain of the assets and associated liabilities that Abengoa contributed to us immediately prior to the consummation of our IPO.

For purposes of the Annual Combined Financial Statements, the term “Abengoa Yield” represents the accounting predecessor, or the combination of the assets and associated liabilities that Abengoa contributed to us immediately prior to the consummation of our IPO. For all periods subsequent to our IPO, the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements represent our and our subsidiaries’ consolidated results.

Certain numerical figures set out in this prospectus, including financial data presented in millions or thousands and percentages describing market shares, have been subject to rounding adjustments, and, as a result, the totals of the data in this prospectus may vary slightly from the actual arithmetic totals of such information. Percentages and amounts reflecting changes over time periods relating to financial and other data set forth in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” are calculated using the numerical data in our Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and our Annual Combined Financial Statements or the tabular presentation of other data (subject to rounding) contained in this prospectus, as applicable, and not using the numerical data in the narrative description thereof.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This prospectus contains non-GAAP financial measures including Further Adjusted EBITDA.

Further Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company, after adding back loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interest from continued operations, income tax expense/(benefit), share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method, finance expense net, depreciation, amortization and impairment charges of entities included in the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and the Annual Combined Financial Statements, and dividends received from our preferred equity investment in ACBH. Further Adjusted EBITDA for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 includes preferred dividends received from ACBH for the first time during the third quarter of 2014. Adjusted EBITDA previously reported in our financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus is identical to Further Adjusted EBITDA, except that Adjusted EBITDA excludes dividends received from our preferred equity investment in ACBH.

We present non-GAAP financial measures because we believe that they and other similar measures are widely used by certain investors, securities analysts and other interested parties as supplemental measures of performance and liquidity. The non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies and have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our operating results as reported under IFRS as issued by the IASB. Non-GAAP financial measures and ratios are not measurements of our performance or liquidity under IFRS as issued by the IASB and should not be considered as alternatives to operating profit or profit for the year or any other performance measures derived in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB or any other generally accepted accounting principles or as alternatives to cash flow from operating, investing or financing activities.

Some of the limitations of these non-GAAP measures are:

 

   

they do not reflect our cash expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;

 

   

they do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

 

   

they may not reflect the significant interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary, to service interest or principal payments, on our debts;

 

   

although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often need to be replaced in the future and Further Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements that would be required for such replacements;

 

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some of the exceptional items that we eliminate in calculating Further Adjusted EBITDA reflect cash payments that were made, or will be made in the future; and

 

   

the fact that other companies in our industry may calculate Further Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do, which limits their usefulness as comparative measures.

In our discussion of operating results, we have included foreign exchange impacts in our revenue by providing constant currency revenue growth. The constant currency presentation is a non-GAAP financial measure, which excludes the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. We believe providing constant currency information provides valuable supplemental information regarding our results of operations. We calculate constant currency amounts by converting our current period local currency revenue using the prior period foreign currency average exchange rates and comparing these adjusted amounts to our prior period reported results. This calculation may differ from similarly titled measures used by others and, accordingly, the constant currency presentation is not meant to substitute for recorded amounts presented in conformity with IFRS as issued by the IASB nor should such amounts be considered in isolation.

Pro Forma Financial Information

We present in this prospectus unaudited pro forma financial information consisting of our unaudited pro forma consolidated condensed income statement for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 and our unaudited pro forma combined income statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, as well as our unaudited pro forma consolidated condensed statement of financial position as of September 30, 2014 to give effect to: (i) the consolidation of Mojave, (ii) the preferred equity investment in ACBH, (iii) the issuance of the 2019 Notes and the drawdown in full of the Credit Facility and (iv) the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets from Abengoa.

Unaudited pro forma financial information has been derived from, and should be read in conjunction with, the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and the Annual Combined Financial Statements, included elsewhere in this prospectus.

PRESENTATION OF INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA

In this prospectus, we rely on, and refer to, information regarding our business and the markets in which we operate and compete. The market data and certain economic and industry data and forecasts used in this prospectus were obtained from internal surveys, market research, governmental and other publicly available information, independent industry publications and reports prepared by industry consultants. Industry publications, surveys and forecasts generally state that the information contained therein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but that the accuracy and completeness of such information is not guaranteed. We believe that these industry publications, surveys and forecasts are reliable but we have not independently verified them, and there can be no assurance as to the accuracy or completeness of the included information.

Certain market information and other statements presented herein regarding our position relative to our competitors are not based on published statistical data or information obtained from independent third parties, but reflect our best estimates. We have based these estimates upon information obtained from our customers, trade and business organizations and associations and other contacts in the industries in which we operate. The underwriters do not make any representation or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of these statements.

Elsewhere in this prospectus, statements regarding our contracted concessions activities, our position in the industries and geographies in which we operate are based solely on our experience, our internal studies and estimates and our own investigation of market conditions.

 

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All of the information set forth in this prospectus relating to the operations, financial results or market share of our competitors has been obtained from information made available to the public in such companies’ publicly available reports and independent research, as well as from our experience, internal studies, estimates and investigation of market conditions. We have not funded, nor are we affiliated with, any of the sources cited in this prospectus. Neither we nor the underwriters have independently verified the information and cannot guarantee its accuracy.

All third-party information, as outlined above, has to our knowledge been accurately reproduced and, as far as we are aware and are able to ascertain, no facts have been omitted which would render the reproduced information inaccurate or misleading, but there can be no assurance as to the accuracy or completeness of the included information.

 

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus includes forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, all statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this prospectus, including, without limitation, those regarding our future financial position and results of operations, our strategy, plans, objectives, goals and targets, future developments in the markets in which we operate or are seeking to operate or anticipated regulatory changes in the markets in which we operate or intend to operate. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “guidance,” “intend,” “is likely to,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “projected,” “should” or “will” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions or terminology.

By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this prospectus and are not guarantees of future performance and are based on numerous assumptions. Our actual results of operations, financial condition and the development of events may differ materially from (and be more negative than) those made in, or suggested by, the forward-looking statements. Investors should read the section entitled “Risk Factors” and the description of our segments and business sectors in the section entitled “Business” for a more complete discussion of the factors that could affect us. Important risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause these differences include, but are not limited to:

 

   

Changes in general economic, political, governmental and business conditions globally and in the countries in which we do business;

 

   

Difficult conditions in the global economy and in the global market and uncertainties in emerging markets where we have international operations;

 

   

Decreases in government expenditure budgets, reductions in government subsidies or adverse changes in laws affecting our businesses and growth plan;

 

   

Challenges in achieving growth and making acquisitions due to our dividend policy;

 

   

Decline in public acceptance or support of energy from renewable sources;

 

   

Inability to identify and/or consummate future acquisitions, whether the Abengoa ROFO Assets or otherwise, on favorable terms or at all;

 

   

Legal challenges to regulations, subsidies and incentives that support renewable energy sources;

 

   

Extensive governmental regulation in a number of different jurisdictions, including stringent environmental regulation;

 

   

Changes in prices, including increases in the cost of energy, natural gas, oil and other operating costs;

 

   

Counterparty credit risk and failure of counterparties to our offtake agreements to fulfill their obligations;

 

   

Inability to replace expiring or terminated offtake agreements with similar agreements;

 

   

New technology or changes in industry standards;

 

   

Inability to manage exposure to credit, interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, supply and commodity price risks;

 

   

Reliance on third-party contractors and suppliers;

 

   

Risks associated with acquisitions and investments;

 

   

Deviations from our investment criteria for future acquisitions and investments;

 

   

Failure to maintain safe work environments;

 

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Effects of catastrophes, natural disasters, adverse weather conditions, climate change, unexpected geological or other physical conditions, or criminal or terrorist acts at one or more of our plants;

 

   

Insufficient insurance coverage and increases in insurance cost;

 

   

Litigation and other legal proceedings;

 

   

Reputational risk, including damage to the reputation of Abengoa;

 

   

Revocation or termination of our concession agreements;

 

   

Inability to adjust regulated tariffs or fixed-rate arrangements as a result of fluctuations in prices of raw materials, exchange rates, labor and subcontractor costs;

 

   

Variations in market electricity prices;

 

   

Lack of electric transmission capacity and potential upgrade costs to the electric transmission grid;

 

   

Disruptions in our operations as a result of our not owning the land on which our assets are located;

 

   

Failure of our newly-constructed assets or assets under construction to perform as expected;

 

   

Failure to receive dividends from all project and investments;

 

   

Variations in meteorological conditions;

 

   

Disruption of the fuel supplies necessary to generate power at our conventional generation facilities;

 

   

Loss of senior management and key personnel and our reliance on Abengoa to supply administrative, financial, executive and other support services to us;

 

   

Changes to our relationship with Abengoa;

 

   

Failure to meet certain covenants under our financing arrangements;

 

   

Changes in our tax position and greater than expected tax liability; and

 

   

Various other factors, including those factors discussed under “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition” herein.

We caution that the important factors referenced above may not be all of the factors that are important to investors. Unless required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or developments or otherwise.

 

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SUMMARY

This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in our shares. Before investing in our shares, you should read carefully this entire prospectus for a more complete understanding of our business and this offering, including the sections entitled “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” our Annual Combined Financial Statements and our Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

About Abengoa Yield

We are a dividend growth-oriented company formed to serve as the primary vehicle through which Abengoa (MCE: ABG SM, ABG.B/P SM /NASDAQ: ABGB) owns, manages and acquires renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission lines and other contracted revenue-generating assets in operation, initially focused on North America (the United States and Mexico), South America (Peru, Chile, Uruguay and Brazil) and Europe (Spain). We intend to expand this presence to selected countries in Africa and the Middle East.

We own 13 assets, comprising 891 MW of renewable energy generation, 300 MW of conventional power generation and 1,018 miles of electric transmission lines, as well as an exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH. Each of the assets we own has a project-finance agreement in place. All of our assets have contracted revenues (regulated revenues in the case of our Spanish assets) with low-risk off-takers and collectively have a weighted average remaining contract life of approximately 25 years as of September 30, 2014.

We intend to take advantage of favorable trends in the power generation and electric transmission sectors globally, including energy scarcity and a focus on the reduction of carbon emissions. To that end, we believe that our cash flow profile, coupled with our scale, diversity and low-cost business model, offers us a lower cost of capital than that of a traditional engineering and construction company or independent power producer and provides us with a significant competitive advantage with which to execute our growth strategy.

With this business model, our objective is to pay a consistent and growing cash dividend to holders of our shares that is sustainable on a long-term basis. We expect to target a payout ratio of 90% of our cash available for distribution and will seek to increase such cash dividends over time through organic growth and as we acquire assets with characteristics similar to those in our current portfolio.

We are focused on high-quality, newly-constructed and long-life facilities with creditworthy counterparties that we expect will produce stable, long-term cash flows. We have signed an exclusive agreement with Abengoa, which we refer to as the ROFO Agreement, which provides us with a right of first offer on any proposed sale, transfer or other disposition of any of Abengoa’s contracted renewable energy, conventional power, electric transmission or water assets in operation and located in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil, Colombia and the European Union, as well as four assets in selected countries in Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Australia. We refer to the contracted assets subject to the ROFO Agreement as the “Abengoa ROFO Assets.” See “Related Party Transactions—Right of First Offer.”

On November 18, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Solacor 1/2 through a 30-year usufruct rights contract over the related shares (which includes an option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term); on December 4, 2014, we completed the acquisition of PS10/20; and on December 29, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Cadonal. Together, these three First Dropdown Assets, which we agreed in September 2014 to acquire from Abengoa under the ROFO Agreement, comprise an aggregate of 131 MW of Concentrating Solar Power generation and 50 MW of wind power generation. See “Business—Our Operations—

 

 

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Renewable Energy” for a description of such assets. The total aggregate consideration for the First Dropdown Assets was $312 million (which consideration was determined in part by converting the portion of the purchase price of Solacor 1/2 and PS 10/20 denominated in euros into U.S. dollars based on the exchange rate on the date on which the payment was made).

Pursuant to our cash dividend policy, we intend to pay a cash dividend each quarter to holders of our shares. Our quarterly dividend for the third quarter of 2014, paid in December 2014, was set at $0.2592 per share, or $1.04 per share on an annualized basis. See “Cash Dividend Policy.”

Based on the acquisition opportunities available to us, which include the Abengoa ROFO Assets, to the extent offered for sale by Abengoa, or any investment vehicle to which Abengoa has transferred them, as well as any third-party acquisitions we pursue, we believe that we will have the opportunity to grow our cash available for distribution in a manner that would allow us to increase our cash dividends per share over time. Prospective investors should read “Cash Dividend Policy” and “Risk Factors,” including the risks and uncertainties related to our forecasted results, acquisition opportunities and growth plan, in their entirety.

Upon consummation of this offering, assuming the full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, Abengoa will beneficially own approximately 51.1% of our shares and, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, Abengoa will beneficially own approximately 52.8% of our shares.

Current Operations

We own a diversified portfolio of renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission line contracted assets in North America (the United States and Mexico), South America (Peru, Chile, Uruguay and Brazil), and Europe (Spain). Our portfolio consists of seven renewable energy assets, a cogeneration facility and several electric transmission lines, all of which are fully operational. In addition, we own an exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH, a subsidiary holding company of Abengoa that is engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, consisting mostly of electric transmission lines. All of our assets have contracted revenues (regulated revenues in the case of our Spanish assets) with low-risk off-takers and collectively have a weighted average remaining contract life of approximately 25 years as of September 30, 2014. We expect that the majority of our cash available for distribution over the next four years will be in U.S. dollars, indexed to the U.S. dollar or in euros. We intend to use currency hedging contracts to maintain a ratio of 90% of our cash available for distribution denominated in U.S. dollars. Over 90% of our project-level debt is hedged against changes in interest rates through an underlying fixed rate on the debt instrument or through interest rate swaps, caps or similar hedging instruments.

 

 

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The following table provides an overview of our current assets (excluding our exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH), following completion of the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets:

 

Assets

  Type   Ownership   Location   Currency (1)   Capacity
(Gross)
  Status   Off-taker   Counterparty Credit
Rating (2)
  COD   Contract
Years Left

Solana

  Renewable

(CSP)

  100%

Class B (3)

  Arizona
(USA)
  U.S. dollars   280
MW
  Operational   APS   A-/A3/BBB+   4Q 2013   29

Mojave

  Renewable

(CSP)

  100%   California
(USA)
  U.S. dollars   280
MW
  Operational   PG&E   BBB/A3/BBB+   4Q 2014   25

Palmatir

  Renewable

(Wind)

  100%   Uruguay   U.S. dollars   50
MW
  Operational   UTE   BBB-/Baa2/BBB- (4)   2Q 2014   20

Cadonal

  Renewable
(Wind)
  100%   Uruguay   U.S. dollars   50
MW
  Operational   UTE   BBB-/Baa2/BBB- (4)   4Q 2014   20

Solaben 2/3 (5)

  Renewable
(CSP)
  70% (6)   Spain   Euro   2x50
MW
  Operational   Whole-sale
market/Spanish
Electric System
  BBB/Baa2/BBB+   2Q 2012 &
4Q 2012
  24

Solacor 1/2 (7)

  Renewable
(CSP)
  74% (8)   Spain   Euro   100
MW
  Operational   Whole-sale
market /Spanish
electric system
  BBB/Baa2/BBB+   2Q 2012 &
4Q 2012
  24

PS10/20 (9)

  Renewable
(CSP)
  100%   Spain   Euro   31
MW
  Operational   Whole-sale
market /Spanish
electric system
  BBB/Baa2/BBB+   1Q 2007 &
2Q 2009
  20

ACT

  Conventional
Power
  100%   Mexico   U.S. dollars   300
MW
  Operational   Pemex   BBB+/A3/BBB+   2Q 2013   19

ATN

  Transmission
Line
  100%   Peru   U.S. dollars   362
Miles
  Operational   Peru   BBB+/A3/BBB+   1Q 2011   27

ATS

  Transmission
Line
  100%   Peru   U.S. dollars   569
Miles
  Operational   Peru   BBB+/A3/BBB+   1Q 2014   30

Quadra 1

  Transmission
Line
  100%   Chile   U.S. dollars   43
Miles
  Operational   Sierra Gorda   N/A   2Q 2014   21

Quadra 2

  Transmission
Line
  100%   Chile   U.S. dollars   38
Miles
  Operational   Sierra Gorda   N/A   1Q 2014   21

Palmucho

  Transmission
Line
  100%   Chile   U.S. dollars   6
Miles
  Operational   Endesa Chile (10)   BBB+/Baa2/BBB+   4Q 2007   23

 

(1)

Certain contracts denominated in U.S. dollars are payable in local currency.

(2)

Reflects the counterparty’s issuer credit ratings issued by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, or S&P, Moody’s Investors Service Inc., or Moody’s, and Fitch Ratings Ltd, or Fitch.

(3)

On September 30, 2013, Liberty Interactive Corporation agreed to invest $300 million in Class A shares of Arizona Solar Holding, the holding company of the Solana CSP plant, in exchange for a share of the dividends and the taxable loss generated by Solana. See note 1 to our Annual Combined Financial Statements.

(4)

Refers to the credit rating of Uruguay, as UTE is unrated.

(5)

Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 are separate special purpose vehicles with separate agreements, but they are treated as a single platform.

(6)

Itochu Corporation, a Japanese trading company, holds 30% of the shares in each of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3. We hold a 30-year right of usufruct over the remaining shares of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 and a call option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term.

(7)

Solacor 1 and Solacor 2 are separate special purpose vehicles with separate agreements, but they are treated as a single platform.

(8)

JGC Corporation, a Japanese engineering company, holds 26% of the shares in each of Solacor 1 and Solacor 2. We hold a 30-year right of usufruct over the remaining shares of Solacor 1 and Solacor 2 and a call option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term.

(9)

PS10 and PS20 are separate special purpose vehicles with separate agreements, but they are treated as a single platform.

(10)

Refers to Empresa Nacional de Electricidad, S.A, or Endesa Chile, which is owned by the Enel Group.

 

 

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Our assets and operations are organized into the following three business sectors:

Renewable Energy : Our renewable energy assets include two Concentrating Solar Power plants in the United States, Solana and Mojave, each with a gross capacity of 280 MW and located in Arizona and California, respectively. Solana is a party to a PPA with Arizona Public Service Company and Mojave is a party to a PPA with Pacific Gas & Electric Company. Solana reached its Commercial Operations Date, or COD, on October 9, 2013 and Mojave reached COD on December 1, 2014.

Additionally, we own the following two onshore wind farms in Uruguay: Palmatir and Cadonal, each with a gross capacity of 50 MW. Each wind farm is subject to a 20-year U.S. dollar-denominated PPA with a state-owned utility company in Uruguay. Palmatir reached COD in May 2014 and Cadonal reached COD in December 2014.

Finally, we own the following Concentrating Solar Power plants in Spain with a total gross capacity of 231 MW: (i) a 30-year usufruct of the economic and political rights over the shares of Solaben 2/3, in operation since 2012 (with an option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term), (ii) a 30-year usufruct of the economic and political rights over the shares of Solacor 1/2, in operation since 2012 (with an option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term) and (iii) and PS10/20, in operation since 2007 and 2009, respectively. All such projects receive market and regulated revenues under the economic framework for renewable energy projects in Spain.

Conventional Power : Our conventional power asset consists of ACT, a 300 MW cogeneration plant in Mexico. ACT is a party to a 20-year take-or-pay contract with Petroleos Mexicanos S.A. de C.V., or Pemex, for the sale of electric power and steam. Pemex also supplies the natural gas required for the plant at no cost to ACT, which insulates the project from natural gas price variations.

Electric Transmission : Our electric transmission assets consist of (i) two lines in Peru, ATN and ATS, spanning a total of 931 miles; (ii) three lines in Chile, Quadra 1, Quadra 2 and Palmucho, spanning a total of 87 miles; and (iii) an exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH, a subsidiary holding company of Abengoa that is engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, comprised mostly of transmission lines.

Peru . ATN and ATS are core lines in the Peruvian electric transmission system. Each line is subject to a U.S. dollar-denominated 30-year contract with the Ministry of Energy of the Government of Peru that is indexed to the U.S. Finished Goods Less Food and Energy Index. ATN reached COD in 2011 and ATS reached COD in January 2014.

Chile . Quadra 1 and Quadra 2 are two electric transmission lines that are subject to a concession contract with Sierra Gorda SCM, a mining company owned by Sumitomo Corporation, Sumitomo Metal Mining and KGHM Polska Mietz. Quadra 1 and Quadra 2 have been in operation since December 2013 and January 2014, respectively. Quadra 1 reached COD in April 2014 and Quadra 2 reached COD in March 2014. The concession contract is denominated in U.S. dollars and has a remaining term of 21 years. Palmucho is a six-mile electric transmission line and substation subject to a private concession agreement with a utility, Endesa Chile, with a remaining term of 23 years. Palmucho reached COD in October 2007.

Brazil . In addition to the assets listed above, we own a preferred equity investment in ACBH, a subsidiary holding company of Abengoa that is engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, consisting mostly of electric transmission lines (see “Business—Our Operations—Electric Transmission—Exchangeable Preferred Equity Investment in Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding” for details on the transmission assets held by ACBH).

 

 

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This preferred equity investment grants us the following rights:

 

   

During the five-year period commencing on July 1, 2014, we have the right to receive, in four quarterly installments, a preferred dividend of $18.4 million per year.

 

   

Following the initial five-year period, we will have the option to (i) remain as preferred equity holder receiving the first $18.4 million in dividends per year that ACBH is able to distribute or (ii) exchange the preferred equity for ordinary shares of specific project companies owned by ACBH.

Our Growth Strategy

We intend to grow our cash available for distribution and, in turn, dividend per share, by optimizing the operations of our existing assets and acquiring new contracted revenue-generating assets in operation from Abengoa under the ROFO Agreement, and assets from parties other than Abengoa. Abengoa has informed us of its intention, which is reflected in the ROFO Agreement, that we serve as its primary vehicle for owning, managing and acquiring contracted assets in our primary geographies (North America, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil, Colombia and the European Union), and four assets that we have agreed with Abengoa in other selected regions. We believe Abengoa will assist us in pursuing such acquisitions by presenting acquisition opportunities to us. In general, we expect to acquire only assets that are developed and operational, and we expect Abengoa to continue to pursue construction and development opportunities for its own account. Under the ROFO Agreement, Abengoa is not obligated to sell any of the Abengoa ROFO Assets to us by any date or at all. Abengoa may offer and sell to third parties assets that are not yet contracted revenue assets in operation. As a result, we do not know when, if ever, Abengoa will offer us any assets for acquisition. In addition, in the event that Abengoa elects to sell Abengoa ROFO Assets, Abengoa will not be required to accept any offer we make for any such Abengoa ROFO Asset.

We will leverage the ability of Abengoa to develop, build and operate assets in our target sectors and secure contracted assets that we expect to generate accretive growth for our shareholders once purchased by us. We intend to use the following investment guidelines in evaluating prospective acquisitions in order to successfully execute our accretive growth strategy:

 

   

high quality off-takers, with long-term contracted revenue, ideally longer than 20 years;

 

   

project financing in place at each project;

 

   

operations and maintenance contract in place at each project;

 

   

management and operational systems and processes at our level, while leveraging Abengoa’s support and capabilities;

 

   

focus on regions and countries that provide growth opportunities while balancing security and risk considerations, which regions and countries include the United States, Canada, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil, Colombia and the European Union, as well as selected countries in Africa and the Middle East; and

 

   

preference for U.S. dollar-denominated revenues, in the absence of which, we will implement a cost-effective, ad-hoc hedging policy that will support stability of cash flows.

 

 

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The ROFO Agreement provides us with a right of first offer to acquire the Abengoa ROFO Assets. The following table presents the projects that, based on their maturity stage and cash generation profile, we expect Abengoa to propose to us for evaluation for acquisition in 2015 and 2016:

 

Expected
ROFO
Assets

 

Type

  Ownership   Location   Currency (1)   Capacity   Status   Offtaker   Counterparty
Credit Ratings (2)
  COD/
Expected
COD
  Contract
Years
Left

2015

                                       
Shams  

Renewable (CSP)

  20%   U.A.E.   U.S. dollar (3)   100 MW   Operational   Abu Dhabi   AA/Aa2/AA   3Q 2013   25
Honaine  

Water

  25.5%   Algeria   U.S. dollar   7M
ft3/day
  Operational   Sonatrach   N/A   2012   23
Skikda  

Water

  37% (4)   Algeria   U.S. dollar   3.5M
ft3/day
  Operational   Sonatrach   N/A   2009   20
ATN2  

Transmission Line

  40% (4)   Peru   U.S. dollar   81 Miles   Construction   Las
Bambas
  N/A   2Q 2015   25
                   

2016

                                       
3T  

Conventional Power

  100%   Mexico   U.S. dollar   220 MW   Construction   Several   N/A   4Q 2016   20-25
ATN3  

Transmission Line

  40%   Peru   U.S. dollar   220 Miles   Construction   Peru   BBB+/A3/BBB+   4Q 2016   30
Helioenergy 1/2  

Renewable (CSP)

  50%   Spain   Euro   2x50 MW   Operational   Spain   BBB/
Baa2/BBB+
  2011   23
SPP1  

Conventional Power

  51%   Algeria   Euro   150 MW   Operational   Sonatrach   N/A   3Q 2011   22

 

(1)

Certain contracts denominated in U.S. dollars are payable in local currency.

(2)

Reflects the counterparty’s issuer credit ratings issued by S&P, Moody’s and Fitch.

(3)

Shams’ revenues are denominated in United Arab Emirates dirham, which has been pegged to the U.S. dollar since 1997.

(4)

Abengoa controls Skikda and ATN2.

We expect that, pursuant to the ROFO Agreement, Abengoa will from time to time present us with acquisition opportunities that are expected to fulfill our investment guidelines. If Abengoa offers an Abengoa ROFO Asset to us, we will have 60 days to complete due diligence and negotiate the acquisition of the asset. If we do not agree to purchase the applicable asset after such period, Abengoa will be free to pursue the sale with other potential buyers. Under the ROFO Agreement, Abengoa will not be obligated to sell any of the Abengoa ROFO Assets to us by any date or at all. As a result, we do not know when, if ever, Abengoa will offer any assets for acquisitions. In addition, in the event that Abengoa elects to sell Abengoa ROFO Assets, Abengoa will not be required to accept any offer we make for any such Abengoa ROFO Asset. Abengoa also may, following the completion of good-faith negotiations with us during the 60-day period mentioned above, choose to sell Abengoa ROFO Assets to a third party or not to sell the assets at all. However, if we do not reach an agreement, any sale to a third party within 30 months following such 60-day period must be on terms and conditions generally no less favorable to Abengoa than those offered to us. After such 30-month period, the asset will cease to be an Abengoa ROFO Asset. We will pay Abengoa a fee of 1% of the equity purchase price of any Abengoa ROFO Asset that we acquire as consideration for Abengoa granting us the right of first offer.

 

 

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In addition to the potential acquisition targets for 2015 and 2016 listed above, the following table presents some of the longer term opportunities that Abengoa may present to us for acquisition in the future:

 

Other Possible ROFO
Assets

 

Type

 

Location

 

Capacity

 

Status

Palen

  Renewable (CSP)   United States   150 MW   Development

Pahrump

  Renewable (PV)   United States   90 MW   Development

San Antonio Vista Ridge

  Water   United States   50 million gallons/day   Development

Norte III

  Conventional   Mexico   924 MW   Development

Zapotillo

  Water   Mexico   112 Miles   Pre-Construction

CSP Cerro Dominador

  Renewable (CSP)   Chile   110 MW   Development

PV Atacama

  Renewable (PV)   Chile   100 MW   Development

Leasing (Nicefield)

  Renewable (Wind)   Uruguay   70 MW   Pre-Construction

Manaus

  Transmission Line   Brazil   364 Miles   Operational

Norte

  Transmission Line   Brazil   1,476 Miles   Construction

ATE IV-VIII

  Transmission Line   Brazil   354 Miles   Operational

ATE XVI-XXIV

  Transmission Line   Brazil   3,863 Miles   Pre-Construction

Ashalim

  Renewable (CSP)   Israel   110 MW   Pre-Construction

Kaxu

  Renewable (CSP)   South Africa   100 MW   Construction

Khi

  Renewable (CSP)   South Africa   50 MW   Construction

Xina

  Renewable (CSP)   South Africa   100 MW   Pre-Construction

Tenes

  Water   Algeria   7M ft3/day   Construction

Nungua

  Water   Ghana   2.1M ft3/day   Construction

Our agreements with Abengoa do not prohibit Abengoa from acquiring or operating contracted assets that fulfill our principles or selling any such assets prior to operation to third parties. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Relationship with Abengoa” and “Related Party Transactions—Project-Level Management and Administration Agreements” for further information.

First Dropdown Assets

Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the ROFO Agreement with Abengoa, in September 2014 we agreed to purchase from Abengoa three renewable energy assets, or the First Dropdown Assets. The total aggregate consideration for the First Dropdown Assets was $312 million (which consideration was determined in part by converting the portion of the purchase price of Solacor 1/2 and PS 10/20 denominated in euros into U.S. dollars based on the exchange rate on the date on which the payment was made). The First Dropdown Assets were financed with the proceeds of the 2019 Notes and with a portion of the proceeds of the Credit Facility. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness—2019 Notes” and “Description of Certain Indebtedness—Credit Facility.”

As of the date of this prospectus, we have completed the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets, as follows: (i) the 30-year usufruct of the economic and political rights over the shares of a Concentrating Solar Power plant in Spain, Solacor 1/2, with a capacity of 100 MW (with an option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term), (ii) a Concentrating Solar Power plant in Spain, PS10/20, with a capacity of 31 MW, and (iii) an on-shore wind farm in Uruguay, Cadonal, with a capacity of 50 MW. See “Business—Our Operations—Renewable Energy” for a description of such assets.

 

 

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Our Business Strategy

Our primary business strategy is to grow the cash dividends that we intend to pay to holders of our shares over time while ensuring the ongoing stability of our business. Our plan for executing this strategy includes the following key components:

Focus on stable, long-term contracted renewable energy, conventional power generation and electric transmission lines . We intend to focus on owning and operating these types of assets, for which we possess deep know-how, extensive experience and proven systems and management processes, as well as the critical mass to benefit from operating efficiencies and scale. We expect that this will allow us to maximize value and cash flow generation going forward. We intend to maintain a diversified portfolio in the future, as we believe these technologies will undergo significant growth in our targeted geographies.

Maintain geographic diversification across two principal geographic areas . Our focus on two main markets, North America and South America, helps to ensure exposure to markets in which we believe the renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission sectors will continue growing significantly. In addition, we may also explore additional acquisition opportunities outside of our two main geographies. We believe that a strategic exposure to international markets will allow us to pursue greater growth opportunities and achieve higher returns than if we only focus on assets located in the United States.

Increase cash available for distribution and dividends by optimizing our existing assets . Some of our assets are newly operational and we believe that we can increase the cash flow generation of these assets through further management and optimization initiatives and in some cases through repowering. Our Palmatir facility reached COD in May 2014 and is expected to generate increased cash flows. Finally, Mojave achieved COD on December 1, 2014, whereby we obtained a new revenue-generating asset that we expect will result in a significant increase to our cash flow generation. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related To Our Assets—Certain of our facilities are newly constructed and may not perform as expected.”

Increase cash available to grow our dividend per share through the acquisition of new assets in renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission . We expect the ROFO Agreement with Abengoa will provide us with access to a number of acquisition opportunities that will allow us to achieve accretive growth over the next few years. This, together with the fact that Abengoa acts as a greenfield developer, should allow us to access a large pipeline of contracted assets going forward, to the extent Abengoa wishes to sell such assets. Additionally, we intend to analyze other potential acquisitions from third parties. We believe that our know-how and operating expertise in our key markets together with a critical mass of assets in several geographic areas and the access to capital provided by being a listed company will permit us to successfully realize our growth plans.

Increase cash flow generation by expanding into water assets . We believe that contracted water assets, which include desalination plants, water treatment facilities and transportation facilities, constitute a high-growth market. Moreover, the water market offers attractive acquisition opportunities and is one in which Abengoa enjoys a strong market position. The assets we expect Abengoa to offer to us under the ROFO Agreement include six water assets, two of which are in operation. We expect these assets to help us achieve growth and potentially achieve a critical mass if we acquire any of them from Abengoa pursuant to the ROFO Agreement.

Enjoy a shareholder-oriented financial strategy. We intend to focus on maximizing the cash generation potential of the assets currently held in our portfolio. With cash received from our contracted assets, we intend to distribute quarterly dividends of substantially all cash available following the deduction of a provision to allow for the prudent management of our business. We expect that Abengoa, as our controlling shareholder, will seek to actively support our strategy to maximize dividend distribution, subject to the boundaries of prudent management.

 

 

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Foster a low-risk approach. We intend to maintain, over time, a portfolio of contracted assets with a low-risk profile due to creditworthy offtake counterparties, long-term contracted revenues, over 90% of cash available for distribution in, indexed or hedged to the U.S. dollar and proven technologies in which we have deep expertise and significant experience, located in countries where we believe conditions to be stable and safe.

Additionally, our policies and management systems include thorough risk analysis and risk management processes that we apply whenever we acquire an asset, and which we review monthly throughout the life of the asset. Our policy is to insure all of our assets whenever economically feasible.

Maintain financial strength and flexibility. We intend to maintain a solid financial position through a combination of cash on hand and credit facilities. This prudent strategy provides the required flexibility to maintain our dividend throughout the year in spite of the inherent seasonality of our business. Additionally, conservative cash management may help us to mitigate any unexpected downturns that reduce our cash flow generation.

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe that we are well positioned to execute our business strategies because of the following competitive strengths:

Stable and predictable long-term U.S. and international cash flows with attractive tax profiles. We believe that our young asset portfolio has a highly stable, predictable cash flow profile consisting of predominantly long-life electric power generation and electric transmission assets that generate revenues under long-term fixed priced contracts or pursuant to regulated rates with creditworthy counterparties and with long-term O&M contracts in place. Additionally, our facilities have minimal to no fuel risk. The offtake agreements for our assets have a weighted average remaining duration of approximately 25 years (based on the relevant technical indicator by type of asset), providing long-term cash flow stability. Additionally, our business strategy and hedging policy is intended to ensure a minimum of 90% of cash available for distribution in or indexed to the U.S. dollar. Furthermore, due to the fact that we are a U.K. resident company we should benefit from a more favorable treatment than would apply if we were a corporation in the United States when receiving dividends from our subsidiaries that hold our international assets because they should generally be exempt from U.K. taxation due to the U.K.’s distribution exemption. Based on our current portfolio of assets, which include renewable assets that benefit from an accelerated tax depreciation schedule, and current tax regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate, we do not expect to pay significant income tax for a period of at least 10 years due to existing net operating losses, or NOLs, except for ACT in Mexico, where we do not expect to pay significant income taxes until the fifth or sixth year after our IPO (which was consummated in June 2014) once we use existing NOLs. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Taxation—Our future tax liability may be greater than expected if we do not utilize Net Operating Losses, or NOLs, sufficient to offset our taxable income,” “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Taxation—Our ability to use U.S. NOLs to offset future income may be limited” and “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Taxation—Changes in our tax position can significantly affect our reported earnings and cash flows.” Furthermore, based on our current portfolio of assets, we believe that there is minimal repatriation risk in the jurisdictions in which we operate. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business and the Markets in Which We Operate—We have international operations and investments, including in emerging markets that could be subject to economic, social and political uncertainties.”

Experienced and incentivized management team. Our management team has significant and valuable expertise in developing, financing, operating and managing renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission assets. We believe their financial and tax management skills will help us achieve our financial targets and continue to grow on a cash accretive basis over the medium- to long-term. Additionally, we intend to encourage our executives to ensure that they focus on stable, long-term cash flow generation that will benefit all of our shareholders.

 

 

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Our relationship and our agreements with Abengoa. We believe our relationship with Abengoa, including Abengoa’s expressed intention to remain our core shareholder over the long-term, provides us with significant benefits, including managerial and operational expertise and a sustainable source of future growth opportunities based on Abengoa’s greenfield development capabilities and construction expertise. Moreover, Abengoa provides us with a significant pipeline of opportunities in our targeted sectors and geographies and has announced that it is analyzing ways to increase its development capabilities and we have amended our ROFO Agreement to take account of this development. Abengoa usually targets an internal rate of return for its projects that is higher than the expected cost of our equity, thus both parties could benefit from the sale of assets by Abengoa to us.

Specifically, the various agreements we have in place with Abengoa allow us to access:

 

   

Abengoa Management and Operational Expertise . We will monitor and oversee operations in each asset and will continue implementing Abengoa standards required in key areas like reporting, management, quality, health and safety and compliance.

 

   

Abengoa Asset Development Track Record . Over the last 10 years, Abengoa has successfully developed approximately 2,000 MW of renewable power assets, 673 MW of conventional power plants and over 7,700 miles of electric transmission lines.

 

   

Abengoa Financing Experience . Over the last 10 years, Abengoa has financed through non-recourse project financing more than $15 billion worth of projects, mostly in North America and South America as well as in Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Australia. We expect that we will realize significant benefits from Abengoa’s financing and structuring expertise as well as its relationships with financial institutions and other lenders.

 

   

Abengoa Construction Expertise . Abengoa has built approximately 2,275 renewable and 7,800 conventional MW of power generation facilities (renewable and conventional), over 21,800 miles of electric transmission lines and water desalination plants with capacity in excess of 329 million cubic feet per day, as well as many infrastructure assets in other markets. Many of these projects have been built for third parties pursuant to the standards of these third parties. Abengoa was recently ranked by Engineering News Record as the largest international power facility contractor (previously ranked among the top three during the preceding five years) and the largest electric transmission contractor for the seventh consecutive year.

 

   

Abengoa Operation and Maintenance Expertise . Abengoa currently provides operation and maintenance services to renewable energy plants with an aggregate capacity of approximately 1,000 MW, conventional power plants with an aggregate capacity of approximately 1,000 MW, approximately 7,700 miles of electric transmission lines and water treatment facilities with an aggregate capacity of 21.7 million of cubic feet per day.

 

   

Abengoa Technical Expertise in Our Key Technologies and Presence in Our Key Geographies . Abengoa has deep know-how and expertise in the technologies that we use in our assets and has an important presence and experience in our key geographies.

Geographically diverse multi-technology portfolio. Our portfolio of assets uses technologies that we expect to benefit from long-term trends in the electricity sector. Our renewable energy generation assets generate low or no emissions and serve markets where we expect growth in demand in the future. Additionally, our electric transmission lines connect electricity systems to key areas in their respective markets and we expect significant electric transmission investment in our geographies. As a result, we believe that we may be able to benefit from opportunities to repower some of our assets during the lives of our existing PPAs and to extend the terms of those contracts after current PPAs expire. We expect our well-diversified portfolio of assets by technology and geography to maintain cash flow stability.

 

 

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Our Agreements with Abengoa

We describe below some agreements that we have entered into with Abengoa. For a more comprehensive discussion of our agreements with Abengoa and certain of its affiliates, please see “Related Party Transactions.” For a discussion of the risks related to our relationship with Abengoa, please see “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Relationship with Abengoa” and “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Indebtedness.”

Support Services Agreement. We have entered into a Support Services Agreement under which Abengoa has agreed to provide certain management and administrative services to us and some of our subsidiaries. These services include accounting and administrative services for us and most of our subsidiaries, legal support in certain countries, IT services, human resources management services and technical support, among others. Pursuant to the Support Services Agreement, we pay a support services fee equal to approximately $625,000 per quarter to Abengoa. The support services fee is subject to an inflation-based adjustment annually since January 1, 2015 at an inflation factor based on the year-over-year changes in the U.S. consumer price index, or U.S. CPI. It is also subject to adjustments following the consummation of future acquisitions (in an amount to be mutually agreed upon by the parties). The Support Services Agreement does not have a fixed term. We can terminate the Support Services Agreement at any time with 180 days’ written notice to Abengoa, subject to approval by a majority of our independent directors. See “Related Party Transactions—Support Services Agreement.” In addition, some of our assets have entered into operations and administrative agreements with affiliates of Abengoa for their operating and administrative needs, which will remain in effect after the consummation of this offering and which are described in “Related Party Transactions—Project-Level Management and Administration Agreements.”

Executive Services Agreement. Under the Executive Services Agreement, Abengoa provides 10 senior managers that deliver executive management services to us and some of our subsidiaries. This executive team devotes a majority of its time to our business activities, but it also manages other Abengoa contracted assets to optimize them and facilitate their offer for sale to us in the future. We pay an executive management fee of approximately $500,000 per quarter. Our expectation is that we will directly employ the executives no later than June 2015. Following their transfer to us, these executives will continue to dedicate some of their time to managing assets owned by Abengoa, and we will charge a percentage of their compensation and related costs back to Abengoa.

ROFO Agreement. Abengoa has agreed to grant us a right of first offer on any proposed sale, transfer or other disposition of any of their contracted renewable energy, conventional power, electric transmission or water assets in operation and located in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil, Colombia and the European Union for a period of five years following our IPO. Moreover, we and Abengoa agreed on a list of four additional assets in other selected regions that will be included among the Abengoa ROFO Assets. In addition, we have a “negotiation call” right under which we can require Abengoa to negotiate in good faith for the sale to us of any Abengoa ROFO Asset that has been in operation for 18 months. We can extend the term of the agreement as many times as desired for subsequent three-year periods, provided we have completed at least one acquisition in the last two years of the preceding term after having been offered at least four acquisition opportunities. Under the terms of the ROFO Agreement, Abengoa has agreed to negotiate with us in good faith, for a period of 60 days, to reach an agreement with respect to any proposed sale of an asset for which we have a right of first offer. Under the ROFO Agreement, however, Abengoa will not be obligated to sell the assets and, therefore, we do not know when, if ever, these assets will be offered to us. Moreover, Abengoa may offer and sell to third parties assets that are not yet contracted revenue assets in operation. In addition, in the event that Abengoa elects to sell any Abengoa ROFO Assets, Abengoa will not be required to accept any offer we make or, following the completion of good faith negotiations with us and subject to certain exceptions, may choose to sell Abengoa ROFO Assets to a third party or not sell the assets at all. However, any sale to a third party within 30 months of Abengoa and us failing to reach agreement during such 60-day period in relation to transfer of an Abengoa ROFO Asset must be on terms and conditions generally no less favorable to Abengoa than those

 

 

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offered by Abengoa to us. After such 30-month period, the asset will cease to be an Abengoa ROFO Asset. We will pay Abengoa a fee of 1% of the equity purchase price of any Abengoa ROFO Asset that we acquire as consideration for Abengoa granting us the right of first offer. See “—Recent Developments” and “Related Party Transactions—Right of First Offer.”

Financial Support Agreement. We have entered into a Financial Support Agreement under which Abengoa has agreed to facilitate a new $50 million revolving credit line and maintain any guarantees and letters of credit that have been provided by it on behalf of or for the benefit of us and our affiliates for a period of five years. As of the date of this prospectus, the total amount of the credit line remains undrawn.

Conflicts of Interest . Abengoa and certain of its subsidiaries provide certain services to us and may offer to sell us assets. In order to protect our shareholders from potential conflicts of interest, Abengoa has covenanted that it will transfer our executive management team to us no later than June 2015. In addition, we have a corporate governance model which provides that Abengoa representatives on our board of directors may not vote on matters that would represent a conflict of interest. See “Related Party Transactions—Procedures for Review, Approval and Ratification of Related Party Transactions; Conflicts of Interest” for a discussion of the risks associated with our organizational and ownership structure and corporate strategy for mitigating such risks.

Governance Memorandum of Understanding . On December 9, 2014, we entered into a Governance Memorandum of Understanding, or Governance MOU, with Abengoa pursuant to which we and Abengoa agreed to work jointly for a period of seven months to amend our corporate governance regulations to (i) ensure that no shareholder (including Abengoa) may elect a majority or even half of our directors even if it owns a majority of our shares, (ii) expand the list of strategic matters that require approval by our board of directors, including significant investments, acquisitions, divestitures and indebtedness, and (iii) ensure that Abengoa will not be entitled to exercise more than 40% of the voting rights in relation to us. See “—Recent Developments” and “Related Party Transactions—Governance MOU.”

Call Option Agreement. On December 9, 2014, we entered into a 12% call option agreement with Abengoa, or the Call Option Agreement, pursuant to which we have the option, exercisable by us or through any of our subsidiaries during a 10-month period starting on the closing date of this offering, to purchase from Abengoa up to $100 million in equity or subordinated debt of additional operational contracted assets at a yield of 12%, such yield being based on a set of projections of recurrent cash available for distribution generated by the relevant asset to be agreed between the parties (or decided by external arbitration if an agreement is not reached between us and Abengoa during a period of time). This agreement has a one-year term starting on the date of closing of this offering, although the relevant acquisitions may be completed afterwards. We will pay Abengoa a fee of 1% of the equity purchase price of any asset that we acquire through the Call Option Agreement, which is the same fee applicable to the acquisition of any Abengoa ROFO Assets made pursuant to the ROFO Agreement. Incremental cash available for distribution from acquisitions performed under this agreement is not included in the guidance announced by us on November 14, 2014. See “—Recent Developments” and “Related Party Transactions—Call Option Agreement.”

Material Tax Considerations

Based on our current portfolio of assets and current tax regulations in the United Kingdom and our key operating jurisdictions, including the United States, Mexico, Peru and Spain, we expect not to pay significant income taxes for at least the next ten years due to the fact that we expect to be able to utilize certain tax assets, including net operating losses, or NOLs, and NOL carryforwards to offset future taxable income, except for ACT in Mexico, where we do not expect to pay significant income taxes until the fifth or sixth year after our IPO (which was consummated in June 2014) once we use existing NOLs. Additionally, due to the fact that we are a UK resident company we should benefit from a more favorable treatment than would apply if we were a

 

 

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corporation in the United States when receiving dividends from our subsidiaries that hold our international assets because they should generally be exempt from UK taxation due to the UK’s distribution exemption. The risks associated with our tax assets include the potential that our NOLs may not offset our taxable income, limitations on our ability to use U.S. NOLs and changes in tax rates or tax laws. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Taxation—Our future tax liability may be greater than expected if we do not utilize Net Operating Losses, or NOLs, sufficient to offset our taxable income,” “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Taxation—Our ability to use U.S. NOLs to offset future income may be limited” and “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Taxation—Changes in our tax position can significantly affect our reported earnings and cash flows.”

If we make distributions from current or accumulated earnings and profits, as computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes, such distributions will generally be taxable to U.S. Holders (as defined in “Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations”) of our shares in the current period as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Under current law, if certain requirements are met, such dividends would be eligible for the lower tax rates applicable to qualified dividend income of non-corporate taxpayers. See “Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations—Taxation of distributions on the shares.” If our distributions exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits as computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes, such excess distributions will constitute a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of a U.S. Holder’s tax basis in our shares and will result in a reduction of such tax basis. To the extent such excess exceeds a U.S. Holder’s tax basis in our shares, such excess will be taxed as capital gain. A “return of capital” represents a return of a U.S. Holder’s original investment in our shares. Upon the sale of our shares, a U.S. Holder of such shares generally will recognize capital gain or loss measured by the difference between the sale proceeds received by the U.S. Holder and its U.S. federal income tax basis in our shares sold, as adjusted to reflect prior distributions that are treated as return of capital. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Taxation—Distributions to U.S. Holder of our shares may be fully taxable as dividends.” While we expect that a portion of our distribution(s) to U.S. Holders of our shares may exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits as computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes and therefore constitute a non-taxable return of capital distribution to the extent of a U.S. Holder’s tax basis in our shares, no assurance can be given that this will occur. We intend to calculate earnings and profits annually in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles.

The United Kingdom does not currently impose withholding tax on dividends paid by Abengoa Yield, to any Holder whether resident in the United Kingdom for tax purposes or resident in any other jurisdiction (e.g., U.S. Holders). See “Taxation—Material U.K. Tax Considerations.”

For a discussion of U.K. and U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to an investment in our shares, see “Taxation—Material U.K. Tax Considerations” and “Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.”

Risks Associated with Our Business

We are subject to a number of risks, including risks that may prevent us from achieving our business objectives or may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects. You should carefully consider these risks, including the risks discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors,” before investing in our shares.

About Abengoa, S.A.

Abengoa, listed on the Madrid Stock Exchange and the NASDAQ Global Select Market, is a leading engineering and clean technology company with operations in more than 50 countries worldwide that provides innovative solutions for a diverse range of customers in the energy and environmental sectors. Over the course of its 70-year history, Abengoa has developed a unique and integrated business model that applies accumulated

 

 

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engineering expertise to promoting sustainable development solutions, including delivering new methods for generating power from the sun, developing biofuels, producing potable water from seawater and efficiently transporting electricity. A cornerstone of Abengoa’s business model has been investment in proprietary technologies, particularly in areas with relatively high barriers to entry. Abengoa’s engineering and construction activities provide sophisticated turnkey engineering, procurement and construction services from design to implementation for infrastructure projects within the energy and environmental sectors and Abengoa engages in other related activities with a high technology component. Its concession-type infrastructure activities include greenfield development, management and operation and maintenance of infrastructure assets, usually pursuant to long-term concession agreements. Its industrial production activities produce mostly bioethanol.

Corporate Information

Our principal executive offices are currently located at Great West House, GW1, 17th floor, Great West Road, Brentford, United Kingdom, TW8 9DF. Our telephone number is +44 207 098 4384. Our website is located at http://www.abengoayield.com and www.abengoayield.co.uk. We make our periodic reports and other information filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the Commission, pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act available, free of charge, through our website, as soon as reasonably practicable after those reports and other information are electronically filed with or furnished to the Commission. Information on our website or any other website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus and does not constitute a part of this prospectus. The Commission maintains an internet site at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the Commission.

We plan to file our annual report on Form 20-F with the Commission no later than 90 days after the end of each fiscal year. We plan to furnish a quarterly report with the Commission on Form 6-K no later than 60 days following the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each year, or as soon thereafter as is reasonably practicable. We have furnished our quarterly reports with the Commission on Form 6-K for the quarters ended June 30 and September 30, 2014. The quarterly reports include substantially the same information as required by a Form 10-Q, including Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations; provided that the financial statements included in such quarterly reports are prepared and presented in conformity with IFRS as issued by the IASB, rather than with U.S. GAAP.

 

 

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The following summary chart sets forth our ownership structure as of the date of this prospectus:

 

LOGO

 

(1)

Abengoa Yield directly holds one share in Palmucho and 10 shares in each of Quadra 1 and Quadra 2.

(2)

ACIN directly holds one share in each of ACP and Abengoa Transmision Norte, a Mexican subsidiary of Abengoa.

(3)

We do not have control over ACBH. See “Business—Our Operations—Exchangeable Preferred Equity Investment in Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding.”

(4)

Due to Mexican legal requirements, one share is held by Servicios Auxiliares de Administracion, S.A. de C.V.

(5)

One share is held by Abengoa Mexico, S.A. de C.V. (a Mexican subsidiary of Abengoa) and Abener Energia, S.A. (a Spanish subsidiary of Abengoa).

(6)

JGC Corporation, a Japanese engineering company, holds 26% of the shares in each of Solacor 1 and Solacor 2. We hold a 30-year right of usufruct over the remaining shares of Solacor 1 and Solacor 2 and a call option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term.

(7)

Itochu Corporation, a Japanese trading company, holds 30% of the shares in each of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3. We hold a 30-year right of usufruct over the remaining shares of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 and a call option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term.

JOBS Act

As a company with less than $1.0 billion in revenue during our last fiscal year, we qualify as an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company may take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, for complying with new or revised accounting standards. Thus, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. However, we are choosing to “opt out” of such extended transition period, and as a result, we will comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for non-emerging growth companies. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that our decision to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards is irrevocable.

 

 

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An emerging growth company may also take advantage of reduced reporting requirements that are otherwise applicable to public companies. Among these provisions is an exemption from the auditor attestation requirement under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, in the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting. We have elected to rely on this exemption and will not provide such an attestation from our auditors.

We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (a) the last day of our fiscal year during which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.0 billion; (b) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of our IPO; (c) the date on which we have, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt; or (d) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the Exchange Act, which would occur if certain conditions are met, including that the market value of our shares that are held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter. Once we cease to be an emerging growth company, we will not be entitled to the exemptions provided in the JOBS Act.

Recent Developments

On January 6, 2015, Abengoa announced that it and the energy and infrastructure investor EIG Global Energy Partners, or EIG, have entered into a non-binding agreement with the objective of jointly investing in a new company, or Newco, for the development of the already contracted portfolio of Abengoa’s projects under construction. EIG is a leading specialist investor in energy and energy-related infrastructure based in Washington, DC with approximately $15 billion under management. According to the announcement, a portfolio of projects has been defined for inclusion in Newco, including conventional generation and renewable energy assets and transmission lines in different geographies, including in the US, Mexico, Brazil and Chile. Also according to the announcement, it is intended that EIG will hold a majority stake in Newco, with Abengoa retaining a minority stake. According to Abengoa’s announcement, and consistently with the requirements of the ROFO Agreement, as amended on December 9, 2014 (as described below), Newco will accede to the ROFO Agreement.

On December 9, 2014, we entered into an amendment and restatement to the ROFO Agreement with Abengoa pursuant to which (i) if Abengoa transfers to an investment vehicle any contracted renewable energy, conventional power, electric transmission and water assets located in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil, Colombia and the European Union, whether or not in operation, those assets will be subject to our right of first offer if offered by such investment vehicle to a third party whether or not prior to operation, (ii) we have a “negotiation call” right under which we can require Abengoa to negotiate in good faith for the sale to us of any Abengoa ROFO Asset that has been in operation for 18 months and (iii) the period in which Abengoa will not be able to sell to a third party a contracted revenue asset in operation on better terms than those offered to us if we reject the offer increased from 18 months to 30 months. See “Related Party Transactions—Right of First Offer.”

On December 9, 2014, we also entered into the Call Option Agreement, pursuant to which we have the option, exercisable by us or through any of our subsidiaries during a 10-month period starting on the closing date of this offering, to purchase from Abengoa up to $100 million in equity or subordinated debt of additional operational contracted assets at a yield of 12%, such yield being based on a set of projections of recurrent cash available for distribution generated by the relevant asset to be agreed between the parties (or decided by external arbitration if an agreement is not reached between us and Abengoa during a period of time). This agreement has a one-year term starting on the date of closing of this offering, although the relevant acquisitions may be completed afterwards. We will pay Abengoa a fee of 1% of the equity purchase price of any asset that we acquire through the Call Option Agreement, which is the same fee applicable to the acquisition of any Abengoa ROFO Assets made pursuant to the ROFO Agreement. Incremental cash available for distribution from acquisitions performed under this agreement is not included in the guidance announced by us on November 14, 2014. See “Related Party Transactions—Call Option Agreement.”

 

 

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In addition, on December 9, 2014, we entered into the Governance MOU with Abengoa pursuant to which we and Abengoa agreed to work jointly for a period of seven months to amend our corporate governance regulations to (i) ensure that none of our shareholders, including Abengoa, shall have the right to appoint or recommend either the majority or even half of our directors, even if such shareholder (including Abengoa) owns a majority of our shares, (ii) expand the list of strategic matters that require approval by our board of directors, including significant investments, divestitures and indebtedness, and (iii) ensure that Abengoa will not be entitled to exercise more than 40% of the voting rights in relation to us. See “Related Party Transactions—Governance MOU.”

On December 3, 2014, we entered into the Credit Facility in the total amount of up to $125 million. On December 22, 2014, we drewdown $125 million under the Credit Facility and used the related proceeds to finance the acquisition of Cadonal and for general corporate purposes. Loans under the Credit Facility accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to: (A) for Eurodollar rate loans, LIBOR plus 2.75% and (B) for base rate loans, the highest of (i) the rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the rates on overnight U.S. Federal funds transactions with members of the U.S. Federal Reserve System arranged by U.S. Federal funds brokers on such day plus 1/2 of 1.00%, (ii) the U.S. prime rate and (iii) LIBOR plus 1.00%, in any case, plus 1.75%. Loans under the Credit Facility will mature on the fourth anniversary of the closing date of the Credit Facility. Loans prepaid by us under the Credit Facility may be reborrowed. The Credit Facility is secured by pledges of the shares of the guarantors which we own. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness—Credit Facility.”

On December 1, 2014, Mojave reached COD.

On November 17, 2014, we issued the 2019 Notes in an aggregate principal amount of $255 million. Interest accrues on the 2019 Notes from November 17, 2014 at a rate of 7.000% per annum until November 15, 2019, the maturity date. In the event that we do not obtain a public credit rating for the 2019 Notes from each of S&P and Moody’s prior to November 15, 2015, the interest rate per annum accruing on the 2019 Notes will increase by 0.75%, to 7.750%, on and after November 15, 2015 until the date on which we have obtained a public credit rating for the 2019 Notes from each of S&P and Moody’s. The proceeds of the 2019 Notes were used, together with a portion of the proceeds of the Credit Facility, to finance the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets from Abengoa pursuant to the ROFO Agreement. See “—First Dropdown Assets” and “Business—First Dropdown Assets.” The total aggregate consideration for the First Dropdown Assets was $312 million (which consideration was determined in part by converting the portion of the purchase price of Solacor 1/2 and PS 10/20 denominated in euros into U.S. dollars based on the exchange rate on the date on which the payment was made).

On November 14, 2014, as part of the release of our results of operations as of and for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, we announced an increase in our guidance for cash available for distribution and dividends for the years 2015 and 2016. Such additional guidance is the result of the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets, as well as the ongoing negotiations with Abengoa for the acquisition of other assets, including assets in Africa and the Middle East. We intend to conclude the negotiations with Abengoa regarding the acquisition of these additional assets during the first quarter of 2015 and to finance any such acquisitions, if they are agreed, with the proceeds of the Credit Facility and available cash. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness—Credit Facility.” Our guidance for cash available for distribution and dividends for the years 2015 and 2016 is not a guarantee of future results or events, is subject to risk and uncertainties (including those set forth in “Risk Factors”) and is not contained and does not otherwise form part of this prospectus.

 

 

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THE OFFERING

 

Securities offered

  

9,200,000 ordinary shares of Abengoa Yield plc.

Offering price

  

$         per ordinary share.

Selling shareholder

  

Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited, an indirectly 100%-owned subsidiary of Abengoa.

Option to purchase additional shares

  

The selling shareholder has granted the underwriters an option to purchase up to an additional 1,380,000 of our ordinary shares, at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts, exercisable within 30 days from the date of this prospectus. See “Underwriting.” We will not receive any proceeds from the exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. See “Use of Proceeds.”

Shares outstanding prior to and after the offering

  

80,000,000 ordinary shares.

Use of proceeds

  

We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of our ordinary shares by the selling shareholder.

Listing

  

Our shares are listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “ABY.”

Cash dividends

  

Pursuant to our cash dividend policy, we intend to pay a quarterly cash dividend to holders of our shares. Our quarterly dividend for the third quarter of 2014, paid in December 2014, was set at $0.2592 per share (or $1.04 per share on an annualized basis). Our ability to pay the regular quarterly dividend is subject to various restrictions and other factors described under the caption “Cash Dividend Policy.”

Taxation

  

Neither we nor the selling shareholder is required to withhold amounts on account of United Kingdom tax at source when paying a dividend in respect of its shares. See “Taxation—Material U.K. Tax Considerations—Taxation of dividends.” For a discussion of the tax considerations applicable to an investment in the shares, see “Taxation.”

Risk factors

  

See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 24 and the other information included in this prospectus for a discussion of factors you should consider before deciding to invest in the shares.

Lock-ups

  

We, the selling shareholder and our officers and directors listed in the “Management” section have agreed that, for a period ending 60 days after the date of this prospectus in our case and 90 days after the date of this prospectus in the case of the selling shareholder and our officers and directors, we and they will not, without the prior written consent of the representatives of the underwriters, dispose of or hedge any of our shares, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for our shares, subject to certain exceptions. See “Underwriting.”

Unless otherwise indicated, all information contained in this prospectus assumes no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase up to an additional 1,380,000 shares.

 

 

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SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The summary financial information as of September 30, 2014 and for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 is derived from, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, our Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements, which are included in this prospectus and prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB.

The summary financial information as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 and as of January 1, 2012 is derived from, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, our Annual Combined Financial Statements, which are included in this prospectus and prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB. Our Annual Combined Financial Statements reflect the combination of certain of the assets and associated liabilities that Abengoa contributed to us immediately prior to the consummation of our IPO.

The following tables should be read in conjunction with the sections “Capitalization” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” our Annual Combined Financial Statements and our Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and related notes, included in this prospectus. For purposes of the Annual Combined Financial Statements, the term “Abengoa Yield” represents the accounting predecessor, or the combination of the assets and associated liabilities that Abengoa contributed to us immediately prior to the consummation of our IPO. For all periods subsequent to our IPO, the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements represent our and our subsidiaries’ consolidated results.

Consolidated condensed income statements for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, and combined income statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
ended September 30,
    Year ended December 31,  
     2014     2013             2013                     2012          
     (unaudited)       

Revenue

     269.3        154.0        210.9        107.2   

Other operating income

     69.2        303.1        379.6        560.4   

Raw materials and consumables used

     (15.4     (4.2     (8.7     (4.3

Employee benefit expenses

     (1.9     (2.4     (2.4     (1.8

Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges

     (86.9     (25.7     (46.9     (20.2

Other operating expenses

     (99.4     (339.1     (420.9     (573.6
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating profit/(loss)

     134.9        85.7        111.6        67.7   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial income

     3.2        0.7        1.2        0.7   

Financial expense

     (151.6     (76.5     (123.8     (64.1

Net exchange differences

     3.4        (0.3     (0.9     0.4   

Other financial income/(expense), net

     2.4        (0.5     (1.7     (0.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial expense, net

     (142.6     (76.6     (125.2     (63.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method

     (0.6     0.2        —         (0.4
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) before income tax

     (8.3     9.3        (13.6     4.1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income tax

     (4.1     14.4        11.8        (4.0
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the period

     (12.4     23.7        (1.8     0.1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interests

     (1.5     (2.0     (1.6     1.2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company

     (13.8     21.7        (3.4     1.3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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Consolidated condensed statements of financial position as of September 30, 2014, and combined statements of financial position as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 and as of January 1, 2012

 

$ in millions    As of September 30,
2014
    As of December 31,      As of January 1,
2012
 
       2013      2012     
     (unaudited        
  

Non-current assets:

          

Contracted concessional assets

     4,319.3        4,418.1         2,058.9         1,546.8   

Investments in associates carried under the equity method

     431.2        387.3         734.1         180.2   

Financial investments

     349.1        28.9         13.7         9.4   

Deferred tax assets

     49.8        52.8         60.2         44.1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-current assets

     5,149.4        4,887.1         2,866.9         1,780.5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Current assets :

          

Inventories

     6.9        5.2         —           —     

Clients and other receivables

     96.3        97.6         106.1         124.8   

Financial investments

     261.7        266.4         127.6         101.7   

Cash and cash equivalents

     265.1        357.7         97.5         40.2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current assets

     630.0        726.9         331.2         266.7   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

     5,779.4        5,614.0         3,198.1         2,047.2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total equity

     1,891.4        1,287.2         1,139.8         583.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Non-current liabilities:

          

Long-term non-recourse project financing

     2,382.1        2,842.4         1,320.0         1,003.2   

Other liabilities

     1,267.3        1,209.4         502.2         214.6   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-current liabilities

     3,649.4        4,051.8         1,822.2         1,217.8   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Current liabilities :

          

Short-term non-recourse project financing

     105.2        52.4         48.9         78.7   

Other liabilities

     133.4        222.6         187.2         166.8   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     238.6        275.0         236.1         245.5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Equity and Total liabilities

     5,779.4        5,614.0         3,198.1         2,047.2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

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Consolidated condensed cash flow statements for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, and combined cash flow statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
ended September 30,
    Year ended December 31,  
         2014             2013                 2013                     2012          
     (unaudited)       
  

Profit/(loss) for the period

     (12.4     23.7        (1.8     0.1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-monetary adjustments

     205.2        57.4        92.4        22.8   

Profit for the period adjusted by non-monetary items

     192.8        81.1        90.6        22.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Variations in working capital

     (113.0     (41.0     9.2        66.6   

Net interest and income tax paid

     (81.8     (66.1     (62.4     (41.6

Net cash provided by operating activities

     (2.0     (26.0     37.4        47.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investments in contracted concessional assets

     (81.9     (474.0     (642.3     (1,072.8

Other non-current assets/liabilities

     (2.3     2.2        (52.3     (25.9

Net cash used in investing activities

     (84.2     (471.8     (694.6     (1,098.7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

     (0.8     559.3        914.9        1,107.3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     (87.0     61.5        257.7        56.5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents and bank overdrafts at beginning of the period

     357.7        97.5        97.5        40.2   

Translation differences on cash or cash equivalent

     (5.6     1.5        2.5        0.8   

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period

     265.1        160.5        357.7        97.5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Geography and business sector data

Revenue by geography

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
ended September 30,
     Year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013              2013                      2012          
     (unaudited)         

Revenue by geography

           

North America

     146.9         75.2         114.0         62.3   

South America

     60.6         17.5         25.4         17.0   

Europe

     61.8         61.3         71.5         27.9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenue

     269.3         154.0         210.9         107.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Revenue by business sector

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
endedSeptember 30,
     Year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013              2013                      2012          
     (unaudited)         

Revenue by business sector

           

Renewable energy

     129.9         61.3         82.7         27.9   

Conventional power

     85.2         75.2         102.8         62.3   

Electric transmission lines

     54.2         17.5         25.4         17.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenue

     269.3         154.0         210.9         107.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

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Non-GAAP Financial Data

Further Adjusted EBITDA by geography

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
ended September 30,
     Year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013              2013                      2012          
     (unaudited)         

Further Adjusted EBITDA by geography

           

North America

     132.7         61.7         96.7         61.1   

South America

     53.8         12.0         19.0         10.2   

Europe

     39.9         37.7         42.8         16.6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA (1)

     226.4         111.4         158.5         87.9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA by business sector

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
ended September 30,
     Year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013              2013                      2012          
     (unaudited)         

Further Adjusted EBITDA by business sector

           

Renewable energy

     104.6         37.4         55.8         16.1   

Conventional power

     73.4         61.7         83.3         61.0   

Electric transmission lines

     48.4         12.3         19.4         10.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA (1)

     226.4         111.4         158.5         87.9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Further Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company, after adding back loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interest from continued operations, income tax expense/(benefit), share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method, finance expense net, depreciation, amortization and impairment charges of entities included in the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and the Annual Combined Financial Statements, and dividends received from our preferred equity investment in ACBH. Further Adjusted EBITDA for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 includes preferred dividends by ACBH for the first time during the third quarter of 2014. Further Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of performance under IFRS as issued by the IASB and you should not consider Further Adjusted EBITDA as an alternative to operating income or profits or as a measure of our operating performance, cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities or as a measure of our ability to meet our cash needs or any other measures of performance under generally accepted accounting principles. We believe that Further Adjusted EBITDA is a useful indicator of our ability to incur and service our indebtedness and can assist securities analysts, investors and other parties to evaluate us. Further Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are used by different companies for different purposes and are often calculated in ways that reflect the circumstances of those companies. Further Adjusted EBITDA may not be indicative of our historical operating results, nor is it meant to be predictive of potential future results. See “Presentation of Financial Information—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

 

 

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The following table sets forth a reconciliation of Further Adjusted EBITDA to our profit/(loss) for the period from continuing operations:

 

$ in millions   Nine-month period
ended September 30,
    Year ended December 31,  
    2014     2013             2013                     2012          
    (unaudited)       

Reconciliation of profit for the period to Further Adjusted EBITDA

       

Profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company

    (13.8     21.7        (3.4     1.3   

Loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interest from continued operations

    1.5        2.0        1.6        (1.2

Income tax expenses/(benefits)

    4.1        (14.4     (11.8     4.0   

Share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method

    0.6        (0.2     —          0.4   

Financial expenses, net

    142.6        76.6        125.2        63.2   

Operating profit

    134.9        85.7        111.6        67.7   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Depreciation, amortization, and impairment charges

    86.9        25.7        46.9        20.2   

Dividend from exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH

    4.6        —          —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)

    226.4        111.4        158.5        87.9   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of Further Adjusted EBITDA to our net cash generated by or used in operating activities:

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
ended September 30,
    Year ended December 31,  
         2014             2013                 2013                     2012          
     (unaudited)       

Reconciliation of Further Adjusted EBITDA to net cash generated by or used in operating activities

        

Further Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)

     226.4        111.4        158.5        87.9   

Other cash finance costs and other

     (33.6     (30.3     (67.9     (64.9

Variations in working capital

     (113.0     (41.0     9.2        66.6   

Net interest and income tax paid

     (81.8     (66.1     (62.4     (41.7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash generated by or used in operating activities

     (2.0     (26.0     37.4        47.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our shares involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with the other information contained in this prospectus, before making any investment decision. Any of the following risks and uncertainties could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. The market price of our shares could decline due to any of these risks and uncertainties, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business and the Markets in Which We Operate

Difficult conditions in the global economy and in the global capital markets have caused, and may continue to cause, a sharp reduction in worldwide demand for our products and services and negatively affect our access to the levels of financing necessary for the successful refinancing of our project level indebtedness

Our results of operations have been, and continue to be, materially affected by conditions in the global economy and in the global capital markets. Concerns over inflation, energy costs, geopolitical issues, the availability and cost of credit, sovereign debt and the instability of the euro have contributed to increased volatility and diminished expectations for the economy and global capital markets going forward. These factors, combined with volatile oil and gas prices, declining global business and consumer confidence and rising unemployment, have precipitated an economic slowdown and have led to a recession and weak economic growth. Adverse events and continuing disruptions in the global economy and in the global capital markets may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Moreover, even in the absence of a market downturn, we are exposed to substantial risk of loss due to market volatility with certain factors, including consumer spending, business investment, government spending, inflation affecting the business and economic environment that could affect the economic and financial situation of our concession contracts counterparties and, ultimately, the profitability and growth of our business.

Generalized or localized downturns or inflationary or deflationary pressures in our key geographical areas could also have a material adverse effect on the performance of our business. A significant portion of our business activity is concentrated in the United States, Mexico, Peru and Spain, and we have significant investments in Brazil. Consequently, we are significantly affected by the general economic conditions in these countries. Spain, for instance, has recently experienced negative economic conditions, including high unemployment and significant government debt which we believe could adversely affect our operations in the future. The effects on the European and global economy of any exit of one or more member states (or, each, a Member State) from the Eurozone, the dissolution of the euro and the possible redenomination of our financial instruments or other contractual obligations from euro into a different currency, or the perception that any of these events are imminent, are inherently difficult to predict and could give rise to operational disruptions or other risks of contagion to our business and have a material, adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operation. In addition, to the extent uncertainty regarding the European economic recovery continues to negatively affect government or regional budgets, our business, results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

The global capital and credit markets have experienced periods of extreme volatility and disruption since the last half of 2008. Continued disruptions, uncertainty or volatility in the global capital and credit markets may limit our access to additional capital required to operate or grow our business, including our access to new equity capital to make further acquisitions or access to non-recourse project financing which we may use to fund or refinance many of our projects, even in cases where such capital has already been committed. Such market conditions may limit our ability to replace, in a timely manner, maturing liabilities and access the capital necessary to grow our business, or replace financing previously committed for a project that ceases to be available to it. As a result, we may be forced to delay raising capital, issue shorter-term securities than we prefer, or bear a higher cost of capital which could decrease our profitability and significantly reduce our financial flexibility or even require us to modify our dividend policy. In the event that we are required to replace

 

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previously committed financing to certain projects that subsequently becomes unavailable, we may have to postpone or cancel planned capital expenditures.

We have international operations and investments, including in emerging markets that could be subject to economic, social and political uncertainties

We operate our activities in a range of international locations, including Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, Chile and Spain and have significant investments in Brazil, and we expect to expand our operations into new locations such as Africa and the Middle East in the future. Accordingly, we face a number of risks associated with operating and investing in different countries that may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. These risks include, but are not limited to, adapting to the regulatory requirements of such countries, compliance with changes in laws and regulations applicable to foreign corporations, the uncertainty of judicial processes, and the absence, loss or non-renewal of favorable treaties, or similar agreements, with local authorities or political, social and economic instability, all of which can place disproportionate demands on our management, as well as significant demands on our operational and financial personnel and business. As a result, we can provide no assurance that our future international operations and investments will remain successful.

A significant portion of our current and our potential future operations and investments are conducted in various emerging countries worldwide. Our activities and investments in these countries involve a number of risks that are more prevalent than in developed markets, such as economic and governmental instability, the possibility of significant amendments to, or changes in, the application of governmental regulations, the nationalization and expropriation of private property, payment collection difficulties, social problems, substantial fluctuations in interest and exchange rates, changes in the tax framework or the unpredictability of enforcement of contractual provisions, currency control measures, limits on the repatriation of funds and other unfavorable interventions or restrictions imposed by public authorities. Our U.S. dollar-denominated contracts in Peru and Mexico are payable in local currency at the exchange rate of the payment date. In the event of a rapid devaluation or implementation of exchange or currency controls, we may not be able to exchange the local currency for the agreed dollar amount, which could affect our cash available for distribution. Governments in Latin America frequently intervene in the economies of their respective countries and occasionally make significant changes in policy and regulations. Governmental actions in certain Latin American countries to control inflation and other policies and regulations have often involved, among other measures, price controls, currency devaluations, capital or exchange controls and limits on imports.

Decreases in government budgets, reductions in government subsidies and adverse changes in law may adversely affect our business and growth plan

Poor economic conditions have affected, and continue to affect, government budgets and threaten the continuation of government subsidies such as regulated revenues, cash grants, U.S. federal income tax benefits and other similar subsidies that benefit our business, particularly with respect to renewable energy. Such conditions may also lead to adverse changes in laws. For example, in the United States, due to the failure of the U.S. Congress to enact a plan by February 28, 2013 to reduce the federal budget deficit by $1.2 trillion, $85 billion of automatic budget cuts went into effect on March 1, 2013, reducing discretionary spending by all agencies of the federal government for the remainder of the federal fiscal year ending September 30, 2013. These cuts affected, among others, the United States Department of the Treasury, or U.S. Treasury, program providing for cash grants in lieu of investment tax credits, or ITCs. See “Regulation—Regulation in the United States—U.S. Federal Income Tax Incentives and Other Federal Considerations for Renewable Energy Generation Facilities—Section 1603 U.S. Treasury Grant Program.” In addition, a number of states and municipal authorities are experiencing severe fiscal pressures as they seek to address mounting budget deficits. The reduction or elimination of tariffs or subsidies or adverse changes in law could have a material adverse effect on the profitability of our existing projects, and the lack of availability of new projects undertaken in reliance on the continuation of such subsidies could adversely affect our growth plan.

 

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Pursuant to our cash dividend policy, we intend to distribute all or substantially all of our cash available for distribution after cash interest payments through regular quarterly distributions and dividends, and our ability to grow and make acquisitions through cash on hand could be limited

As discussed in “Cash Dividend Policy,” our dividend policy is to distribute all or substantially all of our cash available for distribution each quarter and to rely primarily upon external financing sources, including the issuance of debt and equity securities, borrowings under credit facilities and, if applicable, under our revolving credit line with Abengoa, to fund our acquisitions and potential growth capital expenditures. We may be precluded from pursuing otherwise attractive acquisitions if the projected short-term cash flow from the acquisition or investment is not adequate to service the capital raised to fund the acquisition or investment, after giving effect to our available cash reserves. See “Cash Dividend Policy—General—Our Ability to Grow our Business and Dividend.”

We intend to make regular quarterly cash distributions to our shareholders in an amount equal to the cash available for distribution generated during a given quarter, less reserves for the prudent conduct of our business, and subject to the stated payout ratio during that given period. As such, our growth may not be as fast as that of businesses that reinvest their available cash to expand ongoing operations. To the extent we issue additional equity securities in connection with any acquisitions or growth capital expenditures, the payment of dividends on these additional equity securities may increase the risk that we will be unable to maintain or increase our per share dividend. There will be no limitations in our articles of association on our ability to issue equity securities, including securities ranking senior to our shares. The issuance of additional debt securities and/or the incurrence of additional bank borrowings or other debt by us or by intermediate subsidiaries or by our project-level subsidiaries to finance our growth strategy could result in increased interest expense and the imposition of additional or more restrictive covenants, which, in turn, may impact the cash available to be distributed to holders of our shares.

We may not be able to identify or consummate any future acquisitions on favorable terms, or at all

Our business strategy includes growth through the acquisitions of additional revenue-generating operational assets from Abengoa pursuant to the ROFO Agreement and the Call Option Agreement, and from third parties. This strategy depends on Abengoa’s ability to identify and develop assets and desire to sell those assets to us, as well as our ability to successfully identify and evaluate acquisition opportunities and consummate acquisitions on favorable terms. However, the number of acquisition opportunities may be limited.

Our ability to acquire future renewable energy facilities depends on the viability of renewable assets generally. These assets currently are largely contingent on public policy mechanisms including, among others, ITCs, cash grants, loan guarantees, accelerated depreciation, carbon trading plans, environmental tax credits and R&D incentives, as discussed in “Regulation—Regulation in the United States—U.S. Federal Income Tax Incentives and other Federal Considerations for Renewable Energy Generation Facilities.” These mechanisms have been implemented at the U.S. federal and state levels and in certain other jurisdictions where our assets are located to support the development of renewable generation and other clean infrastructure technologies. The availability and continuation of public policy support mechanisms will drive a significant part of the economics and viability of our growth strategy and expansion into clean energy investments. For example, an ITC is crucial for the development of Concentrating Solar Power plants in the United States and the benefits of ITC for new projects might be lower beginning in 2017. See “Industry and Market Opportunity—Solar—Concentrating Solar Power Technology in the United States.”

Our ability to effectively consummate future acquisitions will also depend on our ability to arrange the required or desired financing for acquisitions. We may not have access to the capital markets to issue new equity or debt securities or sufficient availability under our credit facilities or have access to project-level financing on commercially reasonable terms when acquisition opportunities arise. An inability to obtain the required or desired financing could significantly limit our ability to consummate future acquisitions and effectuate our growth strategy. If financing is available, utilization of our credit facilities, debt securities or project-level

 

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financing for all or a portion of the purchase price of an acquisition, as applicable, could significantly increase our interest expense, impose additional or more restrictive covenants and reduce cash available for distribution. Similarly, the issuance of additional equity securities as consideration for acquisitions could cause significant shareholder dilution and reduce our per share cash available for distribution if the acquisitions are not sufficiently accretive. Our ability to consummate future acquisitions may also depend on our ability to obtain any required government or regulatory approvals for such acquisitions, including, but not limited to, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, or FERC, approval under Section 203 of the FPA in respect of acquisitions in the United States; the National Electric Energy Agency, Agencia Nacional de Energia Eletrica , or ANEEL, approval for the acquisition of transmission lines in Brazil; or any other approvals in the countries in which we may purchase assets in the future pursuant to the ROFO Agreement or otherwise. We may also be required to seek authorizations, waivers or notifications from debt and/or equity financing providers at the project or holding company level; local or regional agencies or bodies; and/or development agencies or institutions that may have a contractual right to authorize a proposed acquisition.

Additionally, the acquisition of companies and assets are subject to substantial risks, including the failure to identify material problems during due diligence (for which we may not be indemnified post-closing), the risk of over-paying for assets (or not making acquisitions on an accretive basis) and the ability to retain customers. Further, the integration and consolidation of acquisitions requires substantial human, financial and other resources and, ultimately, our acquisitions may divert management’s attention from our existing business concerns, disrupt our ongoing business or not be successfully integrated. There can be no assurances that any future acquisitions will perform as expected or that the returns from such acquisitions will support the financing utilized to acquire them or maintain them. As a result, the consummation of acquisitions may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and ability to pay dividends to holders of our shares.

Finally, while we benefit from a right of first offer with respect to the Abengoa ROFO Assets, we will compete with other companies for limited acquisition opportunities from third parties, which may increase our cost of making acquisitions or cause us to refrain from making acquisitions from third parties. Some of our competitors for acquisitions are much larger than us with substantially greater resources. These companies may be able to pay more for acquisitions due to cost of capital advantages, synergy potential or other drivers, and may be able to identify, evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of assets than our financial or human resources permit. If we are unable to identify and consummate future acquisitions, it will impede our ability to execute our growth strategy and limit our ability to increase the amount of dividends paid to holders of our shares.

We rely on certain regulations, subsidies and tax incentives that may be changed or legally challenged

We rely in a significant part on environmental and other regulations of industrial and local government activities, including regulations mandating, among other things, reductions in carbon or other greenhouse gas emissions and minimum biofuel content in fuel or use of energy from renewable sources. If the businesses to which such regulations relate were deregulated or if such regulations were materially changed or weakened, the profitability of our current and future projects could suffer, which could in turn have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, uncertainty regarding possible changes to any such regulations has adversely affected in the past, and may adversely affect in the future, our ability to refinance a project or to satisfy other financing needs.

Subsidy regimes for renewable energy generation have been challenged in the past on constitutional and other grounds (including that such regimes constitute impermissible European Union state aid) in certain jurisdictions. In addition, certain loan guarantee programs in the United States, including those which have enabled the DOE to provide loan guarantees to support our Solana and Mojave projects, have been challenged on grounds of failure by the appropriate authorities to comply with applicable U.S. federal administrative and energy law. If all or part of the subsidy and incentive regimes for renewable energy generation in any jurisdiction

 

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in which we operate were found to be unlawful and, therefore, reduced or discontinued, we may be unable to compete effectively with conventional and other renewable forms of energy.

The production from our renewable energy facilities is the subject of various tax relief measures or tax incentives in the jurisdictions in which they operate. These tax relief and tax incentive measures play an important role in the profitability of our projects. In the future, it is possible that some or all of these tax incentives will be suspended, curtailed, not renewed or revoked. For example, our Solana and Mojave projects are reliant on the ITC Cash Grant program to repay a significant portion of their respective external debt financing and the failure to receive anticipated funds, or any funds at all, pursuant to the ITC Cash Grant would have an adverse effect on our ability to receive distributions from our Solana and Mojave projects. The occurrence of any of the above could adversely affect the profitability of our current plants and our ability to refinance projects, which could in turn have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We are subject to extensive governmental regulation in a number of different jurisdictions, and our inability to comply with existing regulations or requirements or changes in applicable regulations or requirements may have a negative impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition

We are subject to extensive regulation of our business in the United States, Mexico, Spain, Peru and Brazil and in each of the other countries in which we operate. Such laws and regulations require licenses, permits and other approvals to be obtained in connection with the operations of our activities. See “Regulation.” This regulatory framework imposes significant actual, day-to-day compliance burdens, costs and risks on us. In particular, the power plants and transmission lines that we own are subject to strict international, national, state and local regulations relating to their operation and expansion (including, among other things, leasing and use of land, and corresponding building permits, landscape conservation, noise regulation, environmental protection and environmental permits and electric transmission and distribution network congestion regulations). Non-compliance with such regulations could result in the revocation of permits, sanctions, fines or even criminal penalties. Compliance with regulatory requirements, which may in the future include increased exposure to capital markets regulations, may result in substantial costs to our operations that may not be recovered. In addition, we cannot predict the timing or form of any future regulatory or law enforcement initiatives. Changes in existing energy, environmental and administrative laws and regulations may materially and adversely affect our business, margins and investments. Our business may also be affected by additional taxes imposed on our activities, reduction of regulated tariffs and other cuts or measures.

Further, similar changes in laws and regulations could increase the size and number of claims and damages asserted against us or subject us to enforcement actions, fines and even criminal penalties. In addition, changes in laws and regulations may, in certain cases, have retroactive effect and may cause the result of operations to be lower than expected. In particular, our activities in the energy sector are subject to regulations applicable to the economic regime of generation of electricity from renewable sources and to subsidies or public support in the benefit of the production of biofuels from renewable energy sources, which vary by jurisdiction, and are subject to modifications that may be more restrictive or unfavorable to us.

Our business is subject to stringent environmental regulation

We are subject to significant environmental regulation, which, among other things, requires us to obtain and maintain regulatory licenses, permits and other approvals and comply with the requirements of such licenses, permits and other approvals and perform environmental impact studies on changes to projects. There can be no assurance that:

 

   

public opposition will not result in delays, modifications to or cancellation of any project or license;

 

   

laws or regulations will not change or be interpreted in a manner that increases our costs of compliance or materially or adversely affects our operations or plants; or

 

   

governmental authorities will approve our environmental impact studies where required to implement proposed changes to operational projects.

 

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We believe that we are currently in material compliance with all applicable regulations, including those governing the environment. While we employ robust policies with regard to environmental regulation compliance, there are occasions where regulations are breached. On occasion, we have been found not to be in compliance with certain environmental regulations, and have incurred fines and penalties associated with such violations which, to date, have not been material in amount. We can give no assurance, however, that we will continue to be in compliance or avoid material fines, penalties, sanctions and expenses associated with compliance issues in the future. Violation of such regulations may give rise to significant liability, including fines, damages, fees and expenses, and site closures. Generally, relevant governmental authorities are empowered to clean up and remediate releases of environmental damage and to charge the costs of such remediation and clean-up to the owners or occupiers of the property, the persons responsible for the release and environmental damage, the producer of the contaminant and other parties, or to direct the responsible parties to take such action. These governmental authorities may also impose a tax or other liens on the responsible parties to secure the parties’ reimbursement obligations.

Environmental regulation has changed rapidly in recent years, and it is possible that we will be subject to even more stringent environmental standards in the future. For example, our activities are likely to be covered by increasingly strict national and international standards relating to climate change and related costs, and may be subject to potential risks associated with climate change, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. We cannot predict the amounts of any increased capital expenditures or any increases in operating costs or other expenses that we may incur to comply with applicable environmental, or other regulatory, requirements, or whether these costs can be passed on to our concession contract counterparties through price increases.

Increases in the cost of energy and gas could significantly increase our operating costs in some of our assets

Some of our activities (in particular, our Concentrating Solar Power plants in Spain that produce a portion of their power from natural gas) require some consumption of energy and gas, and we are vulnerable to material fluctuations in their prices. Although our energy and gas purchase contracts generally include indexing mechanisms, we cannot guarantee that these mechanisms will cover all of the additional costs generated by an increase in energy and gas prices, particularly for long-term contracts, and some of the contracts entered into by us do not include any indexing provisions. Significant increases in the cost of energy or gas, or shortages of the supply of energy and/or gas, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Counterparties to our offtake agreements may not fulfill their obligations and, as our contracts expire, we may not be able to replace them with agreements on similar terms in light of increasing competition in the markets in which we operate

A significant portion of the electric power we generate and the transmission capacity we have is sold under long-term offtake agreements with public utilities, industrial or commercial end-users or governmental entities, with a weighted average remaining duration (weighted using the relevant technical indicator by each type of asset) of approximately 25 years.

If, for any reason, any of the purchasers of power or transmission capacity under these agreements are unable or unwilling to fulfill their related contractual obligations or if they refuse to accept delivery of power delivered thereunder or if they otherwise terminate such agreements prior to the expiration thereof, our assets, liabilities, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flow could be materially and adversely affected. Furthermore, to the extent any of our power or transmission capacity purchasers are, or are controlled by, governmental entities, our facilities may be subject to sovereign risk or legislative or other political action that may impair their contractual performance.

The power generation industry is characterized by intense competition and our electric generation assets encounter competition from utilities, industrial companies and other independent power producers, in particular

 

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with respect to uncontracted output. In recent years, there has been increasing competition among generators for offtake agreements and this has contributed to a reduction in electricity prices in certain markets characterized by excess supply above designated reserve margins. In light of these market conditions, we may not be able to replace an expiring or terminated agreement with an agreement on equivalent terms and conditions, including at prices that permit operation of the related facility on a profitable basis. In addition, we believe many of our competitors have well-established relationships with our current and potential suppliers, lenders and customers and have extensive knowledge of our target markets. As a result, these competitors may be able to respond more quickly to evolving industry standards and changing customer requirements than we will be able to. Adoption of technology more advanced than ours could reduce our competitors’ power production costs, resulting in their having a lower cost structure than is achievable with the technologies we currently employ and adversely affect our ability to compete for offtake agreement renewals. If we are unable to replace an expiring or terminated offtake agreement, the affected facility may temporarily or permanently cease operations. External events, such as a severe economic downturn, could also impair the ability of some counterparties to our offtake agreements and other customer agreements to pay for energy and/or other products and services received.

Our inability to enter into new or replacement offtake agreements or to compete successfully against current and future competitors in the markets in which we operate could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Transactions with counterparties expose us to credit risk which we must effectively manage to mitigate the effect of counterparty default

We are exposed to the credit risk profile of the counterparties to our long-term concession contracts, our suppliers and our financing providers, which could impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. Although we actively manage this credit risk through diversification, the use of non-recourse factoring contracts, credit insurance and other measures, our risk management strategy may not be successful in limiting our exposure to credit risk. This could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flow.

We may be subject to increased finance expenses if we do not effectively manage our exposure to interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate risks

We are exposed to various types of market risk in the normal course of business, including the impact of interest rate changes and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Some of our indebtedness (including project-level indebtedness) bears interest at variable rates, generally linked to market benchmarks such as EURIBOR and LIBOR. Any increase in interest rates would increase our finance expenses relating to our variable rate indebtedness and increase the costs of refinancing our existing indebtedness and issuing new debt (see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations—Interest Rates”). Although most of our long-term contracts are denominated in, indexed or hedged to U.S. dollars, we conduct our business and incur certain costs in the local currency of the countries in which we operate. As we continue expanding our business into existing markets such as South America and Europe, and into other new markets, such as Africa and the Middle East, we expect that an increasing percentage of our revenue and cost of sales will be denominated in currencies other than our reporting currency, the U.S. dollar. As a result, we will become subject to increasing currency translation risk, whereby changes in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the other currencies in which we do business could result in foreign exchange losses.

We seek to actively manage these risks by entering into interest rate options and swaps, which according to our policies, generally cover at least 75% of the outstanding project debt, to hedge against interest rate risk. In addition, we plan to use future currency sale and purchase contracts and foreign exchange rate swaps or caps to hedge against foreign exchange rate risk when our exposure to non-U.S. dollar denominated cash flows is significantly below our 90% target. If our risk management strategies are not successful in limiting our exposure

 

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to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Our competitive position could be adversely affected by changes in technology, prices, industry standards and other factors

The markets in which our assets or projects operate change rapidly because of technological innovations and changes in prices, industry standards, product instructions, customer requirements and the economic environment. New technology or changes in industry and customer requirements may put pressure on the profitability of our existing projects by increasing the incentives of counterparties to our long-term contracts to seek new alternative projects or request higher service standards.

Our performance under our concession contracts may be adversely affected by problems related to our reliance on third-party contractors and suppliers

Our projects rely on the supply of services, equipment or software which we subcontract to Abengoa or other third-party suppliers in order to meet our contractual obligations under our contracted concessions. The delivery of products or services which are not in compliance with the requirements of the subcontract, or the late supply of products and services, can cause us to be in default under our contracts with our concession counterparties. To the extent we are not able to transfer all of the risk or be fully indemnified by Abengoa or other third-party contractors and suppliers, we may be subject to a claim by our customers as a result of a problem caused by a third party that could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

Supplier concentration may expose us to significant financial credit or performance risk

We often rely on a single contracted supplier or a small number of suppliers, which in some cases may be subsidiaries of Abengoa, for the provision of fuel, transportation of fuel, equipment, technology and/or other services required for the operation of certain of our facilities. In addition, certain of our suppliers, including Abengoa and its subsidiaries, provide long-term warranties with respect to the performance of their products or services. If any of these suppliers cannot perform under their agreements with us, or satisfy their related warranty obligations, we will need to utilize the marketplace to provide or repair these products and services. There can be no assurance that the marketplace can provide these products and services as, when and where required. We may not be able to enter into replacement agreements on favorable terms or at all. If we are unable to enter into replacement agreements to provide for fuel, equipment, technology and other required services, we would seek to purchase the related goods or services at market prices, exposing us to market price volatility and the risk that fuel and transportation may not be available during certain periods at any price. We may also be required to make significant capital contributions to remove, replace or redesign equipment that cannot be supported or maintained by replacement suppliers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, credit support terms and cash flows.

The failure of any supplier or customer to fulfill its contractual obligations to us could have a material adverse effect on our financial results. Consequently, the financial performance of our facilities is dependent on the credit quality of, and continued performance by, our suppliers and vendors.

We may be adversely affected by risks associated with acquisitions or investments

As a part of our growth strategy, we intend to make certain acquisitions and/or financial investments, and we may take on additional equity and debt to pay for such acquisitions. Moreover, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to complete all, or any, such transactions that we might contemplate in the future. To the extent we do, such transactions expose us to risks inherent in integrating acquired businesses and personnel, such as the inability to achieve projected cash flows; recognition of unexpected liabilities or costs; and regulatory

 

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complications arising from such transactions. Furthermore, the terms and conditions of financing for such acquisitions or financial investments could restrict the manner in which we conduct our business, particularly if we were to use debt financing. These risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, we have made and may continue to make equity investments in certain strategic assets managed by or together with third parties, including governmental entities and private entities. In certain cases, we may only have partial or joint control over a particular asset. For example, we currently hold only economic rights in respect of our Brazilian investment through ACBH, which economic rights provide us with the right to receive a preferred dividend of $18.4 million annually, but we do not have control over ACBH. Investments in assets over which we have no, partial or joint control are subject to the risk that the other shareholders of the assets, who may have different business or investment strategies than us or with whom we may have a disagreement or dispute, may have the ability to independently make or block business, financial or management decisions, such as the decision to distribute dividends or appoint members of management, which may be crucial to the success of the project or our investment in the project, or otherwise implement initiatives which may be contrary to our interests. Additionally, the approval of other shareholders or partners may be required to sell, pledge, transfer, assign or otherwise convey our interest in such assets, or for us to acquire Abengoa’s interests in such assets as an initial matter. Alternatively, other shareholders may have rights of first refusal or rights of first offer in the event of a proposed sale or transfer of our interests in such assets or in the event of our acquisition of an interest in new assets pursuant to the ROFO Agreement or with third parties. These restrictions may limit the price or interest level for our interests in such assets, in the event we want to sell such interests.

Finally, our partners in existing or future projects may be unable, or unwilling, to fulfill their obligations under the relevant shareholder agreements or may experience financial or other difficulties that may adversely affect our investment in a particular joint venture. In certain of our joint ventures, we may also be reliant on the particular expertise of our partners and, as a result, any failure to perform our obligations in a diligent manner could also adversely affect the joint venture. If any of the foregoing were to occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.

There are risks relating to future acquisitions and investments

Our board of directors may approve acquisitions and investments at any time. This could result in our making acquisitions or investments in assets that are located in different jurisdictions and are different from, and possibly riskier than, those described in this prospectus. These changes could adversely affect the market price of our shares or our ability to make distributions to shareholders.

The facilities we operate are, in some cases, dangerous workplaces at which hazardous materials are handled. If we fail to maintain safe work environments, we can be exposed to significant financial losses, as well as civil and criminal liabilities

The facilities we operate often put our employees and others in close proximity with large pieces of mechanized equipment, moving vehicles, manufacturing or industrial processes, heat or liquids stored under pressure and highly regulated materials. On most projects and at most facilities, we are responsible for safety and, accordingly, must implement safe practices and safety procedures, which are also applicable to on-site subcontractors such as our O&M services providers. If we fail to design and implement such practices and procedures or if the practices and procedures we implement are ineffective or if our O&M service providers or other suppliers do not follow them, our employees and others may become injured and our and others’ property may become damaged. Unsafe work sites also have the potential to increase employee turnover, increase the cost of a project to our customers or the operation of a facility, and raise our operating costs. Any of the foregoing could result in financial losses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

 

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In addition, our projects and the operation of our facilities can involve the handling of hazardous and other highly regulated materials, which, if improperly handled or disposed of, could subject us to civil and criminal liabilities. We are also subject to regulations dealing with occupational health and safety. Although we maintain functional groups whose primary purpose is to ensure we implement effective health, safety and environmental work procedures throughout our organization, including construction sites and maintenance sites, the failure to comply with such regulations could subject us to liability. In addition, we may incur liability based on allegations of illness or disease resulting from exposure of employees or other persons to hazardous materials that we handle or are present in our workplaces.

Our insurance may be insufficient to cover relevant risks and the cost of our insurance may increase

Our business is exposed to the inherent risks in the markets in which we operate. Although we seek to obtain appropriate insurance coverage in relation to the principal risks associated with our business, we cannot guarantee that such insurance coverage is, or will be, sufficient to cover all of the possible losses we may face in the future. If we were to incur a serious uninsured loss or a loss that significantly exceeded the coverage limits established in our insurance policies, the resulting costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

In addition, our insurance policies are subject to review by our insurers. If premiums were to increase in the future or certain types of insurance coverage were to become unavailable, we might not be able to maintain insurance coverage comparable to those that are currently in effect at comparable cost, or at all. If we were unable to pass any increase in insurance premiums on to our customers, such additional costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We may be subject to litigation and other legal proceedings

We are subject to the risk of legal claims and proceedings and regulatory enforcement actions in the ordinary course of our business and otherwise. The results of legal and regulatory proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. We cannot guarantee that the results of current or future legal or regulatory proceedings or actions will not materially harm our business, financial condition, results of operations or operations, nor can we guarantee that we will not incur losses in connection with current or future legal or regulatory proceedings or actions that exceed any provisions we may have set aside in respect of such proceedings or actions or that exceed any available insurance coverage, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. See “Business—Legal Proceedings.”

We are subject to reputational risk, and our reputation is closely related to that of Abengoa

We rely on our reputation to do business, obtain financing, hire and retain employees and attract investors, one or more of which could be adversely affected if our reputation were damaged. Harm to our reputation could arise from real or perceived faulty or obsolete technology, failure to comply with legal and regulatory requirements, difficulties in meeting contractual obligations or standards of quality and service, ethical issues, money laundering and insolvency, among others. In addition, our reputation is closely related to that of Abengoa. If the public image or reputation of Abengoa were to be damaged as a result of adverse publicity, poor financial or operating performance, changes in financial condition or otherwise, we could be adversely affected due to our relationship with Abengoa. For example, on November 13 and 14, 2014, Abengoa’s share and bond prices significantly declined, thereby affecting our stock price. Any perceived or real difficulties experienced by Abengoa would harm our reputation, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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Maintenance, expansion and refurbishment of electric generation facilities involve significant risks that could result in unplanned power outages or reduced output

Although the facilities in our portfolio are relatively new, they may require periodic upgrading and improvement in the future. Any unexpected operational or mechanical failure, including failure associated with breakdowns and forced outages, could reduce our facilities’ generating capacity below expected levels, reducing our revenues and jeopardizing our ability to pay dividends to shareholders at forecasted levels or at all. Degradation of the performance of our solar facilities above levels provided for in the related offtake agreements may also reduce our revenues. Unanticipated capital expenditures associated with maintaining, upgrading or repairing our facilities may also reduce profitability.

If we make any major modifications to our conventional or renewable power generation facilities or electric transmission lines, we may be required to comply with more stringent environmental regulations, which would likely result in substantial additional capital expenditures. We may also choose to repower, refurbish or upgrade our facilities based on our assessment that such activity will provide adequate financial returns. Such facilities require time for development and capital expenditures before commencement of commercial operations, and key assumptions underpinning a decision to make such an investment may prove incorrect, including assumptions regarding construction costs, timing, available financing and future fuel and power prices. This could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Risks Related to Our Assets

The concession agreements under which we conduct some of our operations are subject to revocation or termination

Certain of our operations are conducted pursuant to contracted concessions granted by various governmental bodies. Generally, these contracted concessions give us rights to provide services for a limited period of time, subject to various governmental regulations. The governmental bodies or private clients responsible for regulating and monitoring these services often have broad powers to monitor our compliance with the applicable concession contracts and can require us to supply them with technical, administrative and financial information. Among other obligations, we may be required to comply with investment commitments and efficiency and safety standards established in the concession. Such commitments and standards may be amended in certain cases by the governmental bodies. Our failure to comply with the concession agreements or other regulatory requirements may result in contracted concessions being revoked, not being granted, upheld or renewed in our favor, or, if granted, upheld or renewed, may not be done on as favorable terms as currently applicable. This could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

In some of the markets in which we are present, or in which we may own assets in the future, political instability, economic crisis or social unrest may give rise to a change in policies regarding long-term contracted assets with private companies, like us, in strategic sectors such as power generation or electric transmission. Any such changes could lead to modifications of the economic terms of our concession contracts or, in extreme scenarios, the nationalization of our assets, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Revenue from our contracted assets and concessions is significantly dependent on regulated tariffs or other long-term fixed rate arrangements that restrict our ability to increase revenue from these operations

The revenue that we generate from our contracted concessions is significantly dependent on regulated tariffs or other long-term fixed rate arrangements. Under most of our concession agreements, a tariff structure is established in such agreements, and we have limited or no possibility to independently raise tariffs beyond the established rates and indexation or adjustment mechanisms. Similarly, under a long-term PPA, we are required to deliver power at a fixed rate for the contract period, with limited escalation rights. In addition, we may be unable to adjust our tariffs or rates as a result of fluctuations in prices of raw materials, exchange rates, labor and

 

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subcontractor costs during the operating phase of these projects, or any other variations in the conditions of specific jurisdictions in which our concession-type infrastructure projects are located, which may reduce our revenue. Moreover, in some cases, if we fail to comply with certain pre-established conditions, the government or customer (as applicable) may reduce the tariffs or rates payable to us. In addition, during the life of a concession, the relevant government authority may unilaterally impose additional restrictions on our tariff rates, subject to the regulatory frameworks applicable in each jurisdiction. Governments may also postpone annual tariff increases until a new tariff structure is approved without compensating us for lost revenue. Furthermore, changes in laws and regulations may, in certain cases, have retroactive effect and expose us to additional compliance costs or interfere with our existing financial and business planning. For example, the Spanish government modified regulations applicable to renewable energy assets, including Concentrated Solar Power, in 2013 and 2012 which as a result, lowered yearly revenues of such assets. In the case that any one or more of these events occur, this could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Revenue from our renewable energy and conventional power facilities is partially exposed to market electricity prices

In addition to regulated incentives, revenue and operating costs from certain of our projects depend to a limited extent on market prices for sales of electricity. Market prices may be volatile and are affected by various factors, including the cost of raw materials, user demand, and if applicable, the price of greenhouse gas emission rights. In several of the jurisdictions in which we operate, we are exposed to remuneration schemes which contain both regulated incentive and market price components. In such jurisdictions, the regulated incentive component may not compensate for fluctuations in the market price component, and, consequently, total remuneration may be volatile. There can be no assurance that market prices will remain at levels which enable us to maintain profit margins and desired rates of return on investment. A decline in market prices below anticipated levels could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our solar and wind projects will be negatively affected if there are adverse changes to national and international laws and policies that support renewable energy sources

Recently, certain countries, such as the United States, a market that is one of our principal markets, have enacted policies of active support for renewable energy. These policies have included feed-in tariffs and renewable energy purchase obligations, mandatory quotas and/or portfolio standards imposed on utilities and certain tax incentives (such as the Investment Tax Credit in the United States). See “Regulation—Regulation in the United States—U.S. Federal Income Tax Incentives and other Federal Considerations for Renewable Energy Generation Facilities—Section 1603 U.S. Treasury Grant Program.”

Although support for renewable energy sources by governments and regulatory authorities in the jurisdictions in which we operate has historically been strong, and European authorities, along with the United States government, have reaffirmed their intention to continue such support, certain policies currently in place may expire, be suspended or be phased out over time, cease upon exhaustion of the allocated funding or be subject to cancellation or non-renewal, particularly if the cost of renewable energy exceeds the cost of generation of energy from other means. Accordingly, we cannot guarantee that such government support will be maintained in full, in part or at all.

If the governments and regulatory authorities in the jurisdictions in which we operate or plan to operate were to further decrease or abandon their support for development of solar and wind energy due to, for example, competing funding priorities, political considerations or a desire to favor other energy sources, renewable or otherwise, the assets we plan to acquire in the future could become less profitable or cease to be economically viable. Such an outcome could have a material adverse effect on our ability to execute our growth strategy.

 

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Our business may be adversely affected by catastrophes, natural disasters, adverse weather conditions, climate change, unexpected geological or other physical conditions, or criminal or terrorist acts at one or more of our plants, facilities and electric transmission lines

If one or more of our plants, facilities or electric transmission lines were to be subject in the future to fire, flood or a natural disaster, adverse weather conditions, drought, terrorism, power loss or other catastrophe, or if unexpected geological or other adverse physical conditions were to develop at any of our plants, facilities or electric transmission lines, we may not be able to carry out our business activities at that location or such operations could be significantly reduced. For example, drought may affect the cooling capacity of our thermosolar projects. Any of these circumstances could result in lost revenue at these sites during the period of disruption and costly remediation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, despite security measures taken by us, it is possible that our sites and assets could be affected by criminal or terrorist acts. Any such acts could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH is subject to inherent risks

We own an exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH which grants us the right to receive during a five-year period commencing on July 1, 2014 a preferred dividend of $18.4 million per year and thereafter the option for us to remain as preferred equity holder with the right to receive such dividend or exchange the preferred equity for ordinary shares of specific project companies owned by ACBH, yielding at least $18.4 million of recurrent dividends. We and the selling shareholder entered into a deed pursuant to which certain subordination measures are implemented to protect our right to receive such preferred dividend in full. Our exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH is subject to certain inherent risks, including those described below.

Despite our economic rights in respect of our preferred equity investment in ACBH, we do not have control over ACBH, and investments in assets over which we have no control are subject to certain risks (see “—Risks Related to Our Business and the Markets in Which We Operate—We may be adversely affected by risks associated with acquisitions or investments”).

We cannot guarantee that we will be able to exchange the preferred equity investment for ordinary shares of project companies owned by ACBH following the initial five-year period if we elect to do so. Any exchange of shares would be subject to relevant approvals, including from regulatory bodies, financing banks or equity partners at the project level, which ACBH may fail to secure. Furthermore, our right to exchange is exercisable in respect of project companies to be selected by ACBH and Abengoa at the time of the proposed exchange meeting in the aggregate specified dividend yield criteria, rather than specifically identified assets as of the time of this offering. Consequently, we can give no assurance regarding the identity or the specific characteristics of these projects or whether we would elect to remain as preferred equity holder or exchange the preferred equity investment.

We cannot be certain that the annual payment of the $18.4 million dividend will be made at any time. Payment of dividends following the initial five-year period by either ACBH or any project companies we acquire in exchange for the preferred equity investment, and the amount of such dividends, will depend on the completion of construction of certain of the projects, the performance of the projects and the extent of distributable profits in Brazilian reais for each relevant fiscal year.

Failure to receive the expected dividends from our exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH or any project companies we acquire in exchange for the preferred equity investment, as the case may be, may have a material adverse effect on our cash available for distribution, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

 

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Lack of electric transmission capacity availability, potential upgrade costs to the electric transmission grid, and other systems constraints could significantly impact our ability to generate solar electricity power sales

We depend on electric interconnection and transmission facilities owned and operated by others to deliver the wholesale power we will sell from our electric generation assets to our customers. A failure or delay in the operation or development of these interconnection or transmission facilities or a significant increase in the cost of the development of such facilities could result in the loss of revenues. Such failures or delays could limit the amount of power our operating facilities deliver or delay the completion of our construction projects, as the case may be. Additionally, such failures, delays or increased costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. If a region’s electric transmission infrastructure is inadequate, our recovery of wholesale costs and profits may be limited. If restrictive transmission price regulation is imposed, the transmission companies may not have a sufficient incentive to invest in expansion of transmission infrastructure. Additionally, we cannot predict whether interconnection and transmission facilities will be expanded in specific markets to accommodate competitive access to those markets. In addition, certain of our operating facilities’ generation of electricity may be curtailed without compensation due to transmission limitations or limitations on the electricity grid’s ability to accommodate intermittent electricity generating sources, reducing our revenues and impairing our ability to capitalize fully on a particular facility’s generating potential. Such curtailments could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We do not own all of the land on which our renewable energy, conventional power or electric transmission assets are located, which could result in disruption to our operations

We do not own all of the land on which our power generation or electric transmission assets are located and we are, therefore, subject to the possibility of less desirable terms and increased costs to retain necessary land use if we do not have valid leases or rights-of-way or if such rights-of-way lapse or terminate. Although we have obtained rights to construct and operate these assets pursuant to related lease arrangements, our rights to conduct those activities are subject to certain exceptions, including the term of the lease arrangement. Our loss of these rights, through our inability to renew right-of-way contracts or otherwise, may adversely affect our ability to operate our power generation and electric transmission assets.

Certain of our facilities are newly constructed and may not perform as expected

The construction of Solana, ACT, Quadra 1, Quadra 2, Palmatir, ATS, Mojave and Cadonal was completed during 2013 or 2014. Our expectations regarding the operating performance of Mojave (which reached COD on December 1, 2014 and which we expect will be our largest source of cash available for distribution in the short- and medium-term) and our other newly-finished assets are based on assumptions, estimates and past experience with similar assets that Abengoa has developed and built, and without the benefit of a substantial operating history. Our projections regarding our ability to pay dividends to holders of our shares assume newly-constructed facilities perform to our expectations. However, the ability of these facilities to meet our performance expectations is subject to the risks inherent in newly-constructed power generation facilities and the construction of such facilities, including, but not limited to, degradation of equipment in excess of our expectations, system failures and outages. The failure of these facilities to perform as we expect could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and our ability to pay dividends to holders of our shares.

The generation of electric energy from renewable energy sources depends heavily on suitable meteorological conditions, and if solar or wind conditions are unfavorable, our electricity generation, and therefore revenue from our renewable energy generation facilities using our systems, may be substantially below our expectations

The electricity produced and revenues generated by a renewable energy generation facility are highly dependent on suitable solar or wind conditions, as applicable, and associated weather conditions, which are

 

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beyond our control. Furthermore, components of our system, such as mirrors, absorber tubes or blades, could be damaged by severe weather. In addition, replacement and spare parts for key components may be difficult or costly to acquire or may be unavailable. Unfavorable weather and atmospheric conditions could impair the effectiveness of our assets or reduce their output beneath their rated capacity or require shutdown of key equipment, impeding operation of our renewable assets and our ability to achieve forecasted revenues and cash flows.

We base our investment decisions with respect to each renewable generation facility on the findings of related wind and solar studies conducted on-site prior to construction or based on historical conditions at existing facilities. However, actual climatic conditions at a facility site, particularly wind conditions, may not conform to the findings of these studies and therefore, our solar and wind energy facilities may not meet anticipated production levels or the rated capacity of our generation assets, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and cash flows.

Our costs, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be adversely affected by the disruption of the fuel supplies necessary to generate power at our conventional generation facilities

Delivery of fossil fuels to fuel our conventional and some Concentrated Solar Power generation facilities is dependent upon the infrastructure, including natural gas pipelines, available to serve each such generation facility, as well as upon the continuing financial viability of contractual counterparties. As a result, we are subject to the risks of disruptions or curtailments in the production of power at these generation facilities if a counterparty fails to perform or if there is a disruption in the relevant fuel delivery infrastructure.

Maintenance, expansion and refurbishment of electric generation facilities involve significant risks that could result in unplanned power outages or reduced output

Although the facilities in our portfolio are relatively new, they may require periodic upgrading and improvement in the future. Any unexpected operational or mechanical failure, including failure associated with breakdowns and forced outages, could reduce our facilities’ generating capacity below expected levels, reducing our revenues and jeopardizing our ability to pay dividends to shareholders at forecasted levels or at all. Degradation of the performance of our solar facilities above levels provided for in the related offtake agreements may also reduce our revenues. Unanticipated capital expenditures associated with maintaining, upgrading or repairing our facilities may also reduce profitability.

If we make any major modifications to our conventional or renewable power generation facilities or electric transmission lines, we may be required to comply with more stringent environmental regulations, which would likely result in substantial additional capital expenditures. We may also choose to repower, refurbish or upgrade our facilities based on our assessment that such activity will provide adequate financial returns. Such facilities require time for development and capital expenditures before commencement of commercial operations, and key assumptions underpinning a decision to make such an investment may prove incorrect, including assumptions regarding construction costs, timing, available financing and future fuel and power prices. This could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Risks Related to Our Relationship with Abengoa

Abengoa is our controlling shareholder and exercises substantial influence over Abengoa Yield and we are highly dependent on Abengoa

Abengoa currently beneficially owns 64.3% of our shares and is entitled to vote a majority of our outstanding shares. Upon consummation of this offering, assuming the full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, Abengoa will beneficially own approximately 51.1% of our shares and, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, Abengoa will beneficially own approximately 52.8% of our shares. As a result of this ownership, Abengoa has a substantial influence on our affairs and its ownership interest and voting power constitute a majority of any quorum of our shareholders voting on any matter requiring the approval of our shareholders. Such matters include the election of directors, the adoption of

 

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amendments to our articles of associations and approval of mergers or sale of all or substantially all of our assets. This concentration of ownership may also have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of Abengoa Yield or discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares, which could prevent shareholders from receiving a premium for their shares. In addition, Abengoa has the ability to appoint a majority of our directors. Abengoa may cause corporate actions to be taken even if its interests conflict with the interests of our other shareholders. See “Related Party Transactions—Procedures for Review, Approval and Ratification of Related Party Transactions; Conflicts of Interest.” There can be no assurance that the interests of Abengoa will coincide with the interests of the purchasers of our shares or that Abengoa will act in a manner that is in our best interests.

Furthermore, we depend on the executive services and management support provided by or under the direction of Abengoa under the Executive Services Agreement and the Support Services Agreement. We depend on Abengoa to provide us with our revolving credit line and maintain existing guarantees and letters of credit in our favor, under the Financial Support Agreement. If Abengoa were to fail to provide the requisite financial support, we may be unable to obtain financing from a third party on comparable terms, without undue delay or at all. Any failure to effectively support our operations, implement our strategy or provide financial support could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Abengoa or Abengoa subsidiaries currently provide support and administration services as well as operating and maintenance services at most of our facilities. Any failure by Abengoa to perform its requirements under the services arrangements, or any failure by us to identify and contract with replacement service providers, if required, could adversely affect our business or the operation of our facilities and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

If Abengoa ceases to beneficially own a majority of our outstanding shares, as a result of either further sales of our ordinary shares after this offering or equity offerings by us resulting in dilution of Abengoa’s stake, certain investors might find our shares less attractive. Abengoa has advised us that they may reduce further their stake in us after this offering, while remaining our core shareholder in the long term.

In addition, a further reduction in Abengoa’s shareholding in us to below a majority interest, may trigger the requirement to seek waivers, authorizations or approvals from agencies, governments, financing providers, concession contract counterparties or any other relevant contract counterparty. Any failure by Abengoa to secure any required waivers, authorizations or approvals may entitle the lenders or other parties under certain of our project-level financing agreement or other contract counterparties to accelerate our indebtedness or terminate their agreements with us, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions, results of operations and cash flows.

We may not be able to consummate future acquisitions from Abengoa

Our ability to grow through acquisitions depends, in part, on Abengoa’s ability to identify and present us with acquisition opportunities. Abengoa established us to own, manage and acquire renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission lines and other contracted revenue generating assets in operation. Although Abengoa has agreed to grant us a right of first offer with respect to certain contracted revenue assets in operation that Abengoa may elect to sell in the future (as described in “Related Party Transactions—Right of First Offer”), Abengoa is under no obligation to sell or propose for consideration for acquisition any assets to us or to accept any related offer from us, and may identify other opportunities for itself and its other subsidiaries and pursue such opportunities for its or their respective accounts or sell assets to third parties prior to their entry into operation. Furthermore, Abengoa has no obligation to source acquisition opportunities specifically for us. In addition, Abengoa may not be successful in sourcing, financing or developing potential acquisition opportunities. In particular, developing projects requires substantial financial resources and Abengoa may not have access to such resources either from internal funds, borrowings or external partners. Abengoa announced on January 6, 2015 that it has entered into a non-binding agreement with EIG with the objective of jointly investing in a new

 

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company for the development of the already contracted portfolio of Abengoa’s projects under construction. Failure to enter into definitive documentation and/or closing such transaction may not allow Abengoa to develop all of its existing new projects and, therefore, may result in potentially fewer acquisition opportunities for us in the future, which could in turn limit our ability to grow our cash available for distribution. There are a number of other factors which could materially and adversely impact the extent to which suitable acquisition opportunities are made available from Abengoa, including:

 

   

the same professionals within Abengoa’s organization that are involved in acquisitions that are suitable for us have responsibilities within Abengoa’s broader business. Limits on the availability of such individuals will likewise result in a limitation on the availability of acquisition opportunities for us; and

 

   

in addition to structural limitations, the question of whether a particular asset is suitable is highly subjective and is dependent on a number of factors, including an assessment by Abengoa relating to our liquidity position at the time, the risk profile of the asset, the consistency of the asset with our investment criteria, and whether such asset is an appropriate fit given our then current operations and other factors.

If Abengoa determines that an opportunity is not suitable for us, it may still pursue such opportunity on its own behalf, or on behalf of another Abengoa affiliate. In making these determinations, Abengoa may be influenced by factors that result in a misalignment or conflict of interest. Furthermore, Abengoa may offer and sell to third parties assets that are not yet contracted revenue assets without first offering such assets to us. See “—Risks Related to Our Business and the Markets in Which We Operate—We may not be able to identify or consummate any future acquisitions on favorable terms, or at all” for a description of risks associated with the identifying, evaluating and consummating acquisitions generally, including acquisitions of Abengoa ROFO Assets.

The departure of some or all of Abengoa’s employees could prevent us from achieving our objectives

We depend on the diligence, skill and business contacts of Abengoa’s executives and personnel and the information and opportunities they generate during the normal course of their activities. Under the Executive Services Agreement, senior Abengoa managers provide executive management services to us until June 2015. Our future success will depend on the continued service of these individuals, who are not obligated to remain employed with Abengoa and who are not obliged to accept direct employment with us. Abengoa has experienced departures of key professionals and personnel in the past and may do so in the future, and we cannot predict the impact that any such departures will have on our ability to achieve our objectives. The departure of a significant number of Abengoa’s professionals or a material portion of the Abengoa employees who work at any of our facilities for any reason, or the failure to appoint qualified or effective successors in the event of such departures, could have a material adverse effect on our ability to achieve our objectives.

Our organizational and ownership structure may create significant conflicts of interest that may be resolved in a manner that is not in our best interests or the best interests of our minority shareholders and that may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows

Our organizational and ownership structure involves a number of relationships that may give rise to certain conflicts of interest between us and our minority shareholders, on the one hand, and Abengoa, on the other hand. Five of our initial directors, including our chairman who has a tie-breaking vote, are affiliated with Abengoa. Ten of our senior managers are Abengoa senior managers who devote their time to both our company and Abengoa as needed to conduct the respective businesses pursuant to the Executive Services Agreement. Although our directors and executive officers owe fiduciary duties to our shareholders, these shared Abengoa executives have fiduciary and other duties to Abengoa during the period before we directly employ them, which duties may be inconsistent with our best interests and those of our minority shareholders. In addition, Abengoa and its representatives, agents and affiliates have access to our confidential information. Although some of these persons are subject to confidentiality obligations pursuant to confidentiality agreements or implied duties of confidence, neither the Executive Services Agreement nor the Support Services Agreement contains general confidentiality provisions.

 

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Abengoa is a related party under the applicable securities laws governing related party transactions and may have interests which differ from our interests or those of our other minority shareholders, including with respect to the types of acquisitions made, the timing and amount of dividends paid by us, the reinvestment of returns generated by our operations, the use of leverage when making acquisitions and the appointment of outside advisors and service providers. Any material transaction between us and Abengoa (including the acquisition of any Abengoa ROFO Asset) is subject to our related party transaction policy, which requires prior approval of such transaction by a majority of the independent members of our board of directors (as discussed in “Related Party Transactions—Procedures for Review, Approval and Ratification of Related Party Transactions; Conflicts of Interest”). The existence of our related party transaction approval policy may not insulate us from derivative claims related to related party transactions and the conflicts of interest described in this risk factor. Regardless of the merits of such claims, we may be required to spend significant management time and financial resources in the defense thereof. Additionally, to the extent we fail to appropriately deal with any such conflicts, it could negatively impact our reputation and ability to raise additional funds and the willingness of counterparties to do business with us, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

If Abengoa terminates the Executive Services Agreement or the Support Services Agreement, or defaults in the performance of its obligations under the agreement, we may be unable to contract with a substitute service provider on similar terms, or at all

We rely on Abengoa to provide us with executive management until June 2015 under the Executive Services Agreement and support services on an ongoing basis under the Support Services Agreement, and we will not have independent executive management or support personnel during that interim period. Our future success depends significantly on the involvement of certain of Abengoa’s senior managers and employees, who have valuable expertise in all areas of our business. Abengoa’s ability to retain and motivate the senior managers and employees involved in the management of our business, as well as attract highly skilled employees, significantly affect our ability to run our business successfully and to execute our growth strategy. If we were to lose access to one or more of the 10 senior managers provided for under the Executive Services Agreement or, for example, valuable local managers with significant experience in the markets in which we operate, it might be difficult to appoint replacements. This could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The Executive Services Agreement provides that Abengoa cannot terminate the agreement unilaterally; however, the Support Services Agreement provides that Abengoa may terminate the agreement upon 180 days’ prior written notice of termination to us if we default in the performance or observance of any material term, condition or covenant contained in the agreement in a manner that results in material harm and the default continues unremedied for a period of 60 days after written notice of the breach is given to us. If Abengoa terminates the Support Services Agreement or defaults in the performance of its obligations under the Executive Services Agreement or Support Services Agreement, we may be unable to contract with a substitute service provider on similar terms or at all, and the costs of substituting service providers may be substantial. In addition, in light of Abengoa’s familiarity with our assets, a substitute service provider may not be able to provide the same level of service due to lack of pre-existing synergies. If we cannot locate a service provider that is able to provide us with services substantially similar to those provided by Abengoa under the Executive Services Agreement or Support Services Agreement on similar terms, it would likely have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows.

 

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Risks Related to the Acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets

Because the pro forma financial information included in this prospectus may not be representative of our results as a combined company after the completion of the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets and consummation of the related financing, you have limited financial information on which to evaluate us and your investment decision

Preparing the pro forma financial information contained in this prospectus involved making several assumptions. These assumptions may prove inaccurate. Therefore, the pro forma financial statements presented in this prospectus may not reflect what our results of operations, financial position and cash flows would have been had we operated on a combined basis and may not be indicative of what our results of operations, financial position and cash flows will be in the future. As a result, the pro forma financial information included in this prospectus is of limited relevance to an investor in this offering. See “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information.”

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness

Our indebtedness could adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations or pay dividends. It could also expose us to the risk of increased interest rates and limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry as well as impact our cash available for distribution

As of September 30, 2014, we had approximately $2,487.3 million of total indebtedness under various project-level financing arrangements. In the fourth quarter of 2014, our indebtedness increased by (i) approximately $805 million as a result of the consolidation of Mojave, (ii) $255 million as a result of the issuance of the 2019 Notes and (iii) $125 million as a result of our drawdown under the Credit Facility to finance the acquisition of Cadonal and for general corporate purposes. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness.” Additionally, we have a $50 million revolving credit line with Abengoa that we do not intend to make borrowings under in the short term. Our substantial debt could have important negative consequences on our financial condition, including:

 

   

increasing our vulnerability to general economic and industry conditions;

 

   

requiring a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on our indebtedness, therefore reducing our ability to pay dividends to holders of our shares or to use our cash flow to fund our operations, capital expenditures and future business opportunities;

 

   

limiting our ability to enter into long-term power sales or fuel purchases which require credit support;

 

   

limiting our ability to fund operations or future acquisitions;

 

   

restricting our ability to make certain distributions with respect to our shares and the ability of our subsidiaries to make certain distributions to us, in light of restricted payment and other financial covenants in our credit facilities and other financing agreements;

 

   

exposing us to the risk of increased interest rates because a portion of some of our borrowings (below 10% as of the date hereof) are at variable rates of interest;

 

   

limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, including collateral postings, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes; and

 

   

limiting our ability to adjust to changing market conditions and placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors who have less debt.

The operating and financial restrictions and covenants in the indenture governing the 2019 Notes and the credit agreement governing the Credit Facility may adversely affect our ability to finance our future operations or capital needs, to engage in other business activities that may be in our interest and to execute our business

 

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strategy as we intend to do so. If we or any of our applicable subsidiaries violate any of these covenants, a default may result, which, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of our debt and could limit the ability of our subsidiaries to make distributions to us or our ability to pay dividends.

The agreements governing our project-level financing contain financial and other restrictive covenants that limit our project subsidiaries’ ability to make distributions to us or otherwise engage in activities that may be in our long-term best interests. The extent of the restrictions on our subsidiaries’ ability to transfer assets to us through loans, advances or cash dividends without the consent of third parties is significant, requiring us to include condensed financial information regarding Abengoa Yield plc as part of our consolidated financial statements. The project-level financing agreements generally prohibit distributions from the project entities to us unless certain specific conditions are met, including the satisfaction of certain financial ratios. In addition, the project-level financing for Mojave prohibits distributions until the first principal repayment is made. Our inability to satisfy certain financial covenants may prevent cash distributions by the particular project(s) to us and, our failure to comply with those and other covenants could result in an event of default which, if not cured or waived, may entitle the related lenders to demand repayment or enforce their security interests, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. In addition, failure to comply with such covenants, including covenants under our 2019 Notes and the Credit Facility, may entitle the related noteholders or lenders, as applicable, to demand repayment and accelerate all such indebtedness. If our project-level subsidiaries are unable to make distributions, it would likely have a material adverse effect on our ability to pay dividends to holders of our shares.

Letter of credit facilities or personal guarantees to support project-level contractual obligations generally need to be renewed, at which time we will need to satisfy applicable financial ratios and covenants. If we are unable to renew our letters of credit as expected or replace them with letters of credit under different facilities on favorable terms or at all, we may experience a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Furthermore, such inability may constitute a default under certain project-level financing arrangements, restrict the ability of the project-level subsidiary to make distributions to us and/or reduce the amount of cash available at such subsidiary to make distributions to us.

In addition, our ability to arrange financing, either at the corporate level or at a non-recourse project-level subsidiary, and the costs of such capital, are dependent on numerous factors, including:

 

   

general economic and capital market conditions;

 

   

credit availability from banks and other financial institutions;

 

   

investor confidence in us, our partners and Abengoa, as our controlling shareholder;

 

   

our financial performance and the financial performance of our subsidiaries;

 

   

our level of indebtedness and compliance with covenants in debt agreements;

 

   

maintenance of acceptable project credit ratings or credit quality;

 

   

cash flow; and

 

   

provisions of tax and securities laws that may impact raising capital.

We may not be successful in obtaining additional capital for these or other reasons. Furthermore, we may be unable to refinance or replace project-level financing arrangements or other credit facilities on favorable terms or at all upon the expiration or termination thereof. Our failure, or the failure of any of our projects, to obtain additional capital or enter into new or replacement financing arrangements when due may constitute a default under such existing indebtedness and may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

 

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Potential future defaults by our subsidiaries, Abengoa or other persons could adversely affect us

All of our subsidiaries finance project assets and significant investments, including capital expenditures typically relating to contracted assets and concessions, primarily under loan agreements and related documents which, except as noted below, require the loans to be repaid solely from the revenue of the project being financed thereby, and provide that the repayment of the loans (and interest thereon) is secured solely by the shares, physical assets, contracts and cash flow of that project company. This type of financing is usually referred to herein as “Non-Recourse Debt” or “project financing.” As of September 30, 2014, we had $2,487.3 million of outstanding indebtedness under various project-level financing arrangements.

While the lenders under our non-recourse project financings do not have direct recourse to us or our subsidiaries (other than the project borrowers under those financings), defaults by the project borrowers under such financings can still have important consequences for us and our subsidiaries, including, without limitation:

 

   

reducing our receipt of dividends, fees, interest payments, loans and other sources of cash, since the project company will typically be prohibited from distributing cash to us and our subsidiaries during the pendency of any default;

 

   

causing us to record a loss in the event the lender forecloses on the assets of the project company; and

 

   

the loss or impairment of investors’ and project finance lenders’ confidence in us.

If we were to fail to satisfy any of our debt service obligations or to breach any related financial or operating covenants, the applicable lender could declare the full amount of the relevant indebtedness to be immediately due and payable and could foreclose on any assets pledged as collateral. Further, certain of our financing arrangements contain events of default related to Abengoa’s financial condition and cross-default provisions such that a default under one particular financing arrangement in Abengoa could automatically trigger defaults under some of our financing arrangements or events of default related to the performance by Abengoa of certain technical obligations related to the construction of our assets (i.e., performance guarantees). Certain of such agreements also contain cross-default provisions related to the financing arrangements of other project sponsors unrelated to us. As a result, a significant deterioration in Abengoa’s financial condition, a default under any indebtedness above certain thresholds in Abengoa or such other parties or an event of default related to such technical obligations could result in a substantial loss to us or could otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows.

Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Risks Related to Ownership of our Shares

We may not be able to pay a specific or increasing level of cash dividends to holders of our shares in the future

The amount of our cash available for distribution principally depends upon the amount of cash we generate from our operations, which will fluctuate from quarter to quarter based on, among other things:

 

   

the level and timing of capital expenditures we make;

 

   

the level of our operating and general and administrative expenses, including reimbursements to Abengoa for services provided to us in accordance with the Support Services Agreement;

 

   

seasonal variations in revenues generated by the business;

 

   

our debt service requirements and other liabilities;

 

   

fluctuations in our working capital needs;

 

   

our ability to borrow funds;

 

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restrictions contained in our debt agreements (including our project-level financing); and

 

   

other business risks affecting our cash levels.

As a result of all these factors, we cannot guarantee that we will have sufficient cash generated from operations to pay a specific or increasing level of cash dividends to holders of our shares. Furthermore, holders of our shares should be aware that the amount of cash available for distribution depends primarily on our cash flow, and is not solely a function of profitability, which is affected by non-cash items. We may incur other expenses or liabilities during a period that could significantly reduce or eliminate our cash available for distribution and, in turn, impair our ability to pay dividends to shareholders during the period. Because we are a holding company, our ability to pay dividends on our shares is limited by restrictions or limitations on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions, such as pursuant to shareholder loans, capital reductions or other means, to us, including restrictions under the terms of the agreements governing project-level financing, the 2019 Notes, the Credit Facility or legal, regulatory or other restrictions or limitations applicable in the various jurisdictions in which we operate, such as exchange controls or similar matters or corporate law limitations, any of which could change from time to time and thereby limit our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us. Our project-level financing agreements generally prohibit distributions to us unless certain specific conditions are met, including the satisfaction of financial ratios.

Our cash available for distribution will likely fluctuate from quarter to quarter, in some cases significantly, due to seasonality. See “Business—Seasonality.” As result, we may reduce the amount of cash we distribute in a particular quarter to establish reserves to fund distributions to shareholders in future periods for which the cash distributions we would otherwise receive from our subsidiary project companies would otherwise be insufficient to fund our quarterly dividend. If we fail to establish sufficient reserves, we may not be able to maintain our quarterly dividend with a respect to a quarter adversely affected by seasonality.

Dividends to holders of our shares will be paid at the discretion of our board of directors. Our board of directors may decrease the level of or entirely discontinue payment of dividends. For a description of additional restrictions and factors that may affect our ability to pay cash dividends, please see “Cash Dividend Policy.”

We are a holding company and our only material assets are our interests in our subsidiaries, upon whom we are dependent for distributions to pay dividends, taxes and other expenses

We are a holding company whose sole material assets consist of our interests in our subsidiaries. We do not have any independent means of generating revenue. We intend to cause our operating subsidiaries to make distributions to us in an amount sufficient to cover all applicable taxes payable and dividends, if any, declared by us. To the extent that we need funds for a quarterly cash dividend to holders of our shares or otherwise, and one or more of our operating subsidiaries is restricted from making such distributions under the terms of its financing or other agreements or applicable law and regulations or is otherwise unable to provide such funds, it could materially adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition and limit our ability to pay dividends to shareholders.

We have a limited operating history and as a result there is no assurance we can operate on a profitable basis

We have a limited operating history on which to base an evaluation of our business and prospects. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by companies in their early stages of operation. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in addressing the risks we may encounter, and our failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Market interest rates may have an effect on the value of our shares

One of the factors that will influence the price of our shares will be the effective dividend yield of our shares (i.e., the yield as a percentage of the then-market price of our shares) relative to market interest rates. An increase

 

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in market interest rates, which are currently at low levels relative to historical rates, may lead prospective purchasers of our shares to expect a higher dividend yield. Our inability to increase our dividend as a result of an increase in borrowing costs, insufficient cash available for distribution or otherwise could result in selling pressure on, and a decrease in, the market price of our shares as investors seek alternative investments with higher yield.

Market volatility may affect the price of our shares and the value of your investment

The market for securities issued by issuers such as us is influenced by economic and market conditions and, to varying degrees, market conditions, interest rates, currency exchange rates and inflation rates in other countries. There can be no assurance that events in the United States, Latin America, Europe or elsewhere will not cause market volatility or that such volatility will not adversely affect the price of the shares or that economic and market conditions will not have any other adverse effect. Fluctuations in interest rates may give rise to arbitrage opportunities based upon changes in the relative value of the shares. Any trading by arbitrageurs could, in turn, affect the trading price of the shares. Securities markets in general may experience extreme volatility that is unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. Any broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the trading of our shares.

In addition, the market price of our shares may fluctuate in the event of the termination of the ROFO Agreement, the Executive Services Agreement, the Support Services Agreement or additions or departures of Abengoa’s key personnel, changes in market valuations of similar companies or Abengoa and/or speculation in the press or investment community regarding us or Abengoa.

You may experience dilution of your ownership interest due to the future issuance of additional shares

In order to finance the growth of our business through future acquisitions, we may require additional funds from further equity or debt financings, including tax equity financing transactions or sales of preferred shares or convertible debt, to complete future acquisitions, expansions and capital expenditures and pay the general and administrative costs of our business. In the future, we may issue our previously authorized and unissued securities, resulting in the dilution of the ownership interests of purchasers of our shares offered hereby. The potential issuance of additional shares or preferred stock or convertible debt may create downward pressure on the trading price of our shares. We may also issue additional shares or other securities that are convertible into or exercisable for our shares in future public offerings or private placements for capital-raising purposes or for other business purposes, potentially at an offering price, conversion price or exercise price that is below the offering price for our shares in this offering.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease to publish research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our shares adversely, the price and trading volume of our shares could decline

The trading market for our shares will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, Abengoa, our business, our market or our competitors. If any of the analysts who may cover us change their recommendations regarding our shares adversely, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors, the price of our shares would likely decline. If any analyst who may cover us were to cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause the price or trading volume of our shares to decline.

Future sales of our shares by Abengoa may cause the price of our shares to fall

The market price of our shares could decline as a result of future sales by Abengoa of such shares in the market, or the perception that these sales could occur. Abengoa has agreed to certain limitations on the ability to dispose of or hedge any of our shares, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for our shares, for a

 

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period of time commencing on the date of this prospectus. Future sales of substantial amounts of the shares and/or equity-related securities in the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur, could adversely affect prevailing trading prices of the shares and could impair our ability to raise capital through future offerings of equity or equity-related securities. The price of the shares could be depressed by investors’ anticipation of the potential sale in the market of substantial additional amounts of shares. Disposals of shares could increase their offer in the market and depress their price. Abengoa advised us that they may reduce further their stake in us after this offering, while remaining our core shareholder in the long term.

As a “foreign private issuer” in the United States, we are exempt from certain rules under the U.S. securities laws and are permitted to file less information with the Commission than U.S. companies

As a “foreign private issuer,” we are exempt from certain rules under the Exchange Act that impose certain disclosure obligations and procedural requirements for proxy solicitations under Section 14 of the Exchange Act. In addition, our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and “short-swing” profit recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules under the Exchange Act with respect to their purchases and sales of our shares. Moreover, we are not required to file periodic reports and financial statements with the Commission as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. In addition, we are not required to comply with Regulation FD, which restricts the selective disclosure of material information.

We will be a “foreign private issuer” so long as we are incorporated outside the United States except if as of the last business day of our most recently completed second quarter more than 50% of our outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned by residents of the United States, and any of the following: (i) a majority of our executive officers or directors are U.S. citizens or residents, (ii) more than 50% of our assets are located in the United States or (iii) our business is principally administered in the United States. If we were to lose our “foreign private issuer” status we would no longer be exempt from certain provisions of the U.S. securities laws described above, we would be required to commence reporting on forms required of U.S. companies, such as Forms l0-K, 10-Q and 8-K, rather than the forms currently available to us, such as Forms 20-F and 6-K, we would be required to prepare our financial statements in U.S. GAAP, rather than IFRS, and we would likely incur increased compliance and other costs, among other consequences, any of which could material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Judgments of U.S. courts may not be enforceable against us

Judgments of U.S. courts, including those predicated on the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States, may not be enforceable in courts in the United Kingdom or other countries in which we operate. As a result, our shareholders who obtain a judgment against us in the United States may not be able to require us to pay the amount of the judgment.

There are limitations on enforceability of civil liabilities under U.S. federal securities laws

We are incorporated under the laws of England and Wales. Most of our officers and directors reside outside of the United States. In addition, a portion of our assets and the majority of the assets of our directors and officers are located outside the United States. As a result it may be difficult or impossible to serve legal process on persons located outside the United States and to force them to appear in a U.S. court. It may also be difficult or impossible to enforce a judgment of a U.S. court against persons outside the United States, or to enforce a judgment of a foreign court against such persons in the United States. We believe that there may be doubt as to the enforceability against persons in England and Wales and in Spain, whether in original actions or in actions for the enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts, of civil liabilities predicated solely upon the laws of the United States, including its federal securities laws. Because we are a foreign private issuer, our directors and officers will not be subject to rules under the Exchange Act that under certain circumstances would require directors and officers to forfeit to us any “short-swing” profits realized from purchases and sales, as determined under the

 

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Exchange Act and the rules thereunder, of our equity securities. In addition, punitive damages in actions brought in the United States or elsewhere may be unenforceable in England and Wales and in Spain.

We are an “emerging growth company” and may elect to comply with reduced public company reporting requirements, which could make our shares less attractive to investors

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined by the JOBS Act. For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we may choose to take advantage of exemptions from various public company reporting requirements. These exemptions include, but are not limited to, (i) not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and (ii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports, proxy statements and registration statements. We could be an emerging growth company for up to five years after the first sale of our common equity securities pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, which such fifth anniversary will occur in 2019. However, if certain events occur prior to the end of such five-year period, including if we become a “large accelerated filer,” our annual gross revenues exceed $1.0 billion or we issue more than $1.0 billion of non-convertible debt in any three-year period, we would cease to be an emerging growth company prior to the end of such five-year period. The information that we provide to holders of our shares may be different than you might receive from other public reporting companies in which you hold equity interests. We cannot predict if investors will find our shares less attractive as a result of our reliance on these exemptions. If some investors find our shares less attractive as a result of any choice we make to reduce disclosure, there may be a less active trading market for our shares and the price for our shares may be more volatile.

Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. However, we have irrevocably elected not to avail ourselves of this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, we will be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.

Shareholders in certain jurisdictions may not be able to exercise their pre-emptive rights if we increase our share capital

Under our articles of association, holders of our shares generally have the right to subscribe and pay for a sufficient number of our shares to maintain their relative ownership percentages prior to the issuance of any new shares in exchange for cash consideration. Holders of shares in certain jurisdictions may not be able to exercise their pre-emptive rights unless securities laws have been complied with in such jurisdictions with respect to such rights and the related shares, or an exemption from the requirements of the securities laws of these jurisdictions is available. We currently do not intend to register the shares under the laws of any jurisdiction other than the United States, and no assurance can be given that an exemption from the securities laws requirements of other jurisdictions will be available to shareholders in these jurisdictions. To the extent that such shareholders are not able to exercise their pre-emptive rights, the pre-emptive rights would lapse and the proportional interests of such holders would be reduced.

The rights of our shareholders may differ from the rights typically offered to shareholders of a U.S. corporation organized in Delaware

We are incorporated under English law. The rights of holders of our shares are governed by English law, including the provisions of the U.K. Companies Act 2006, and by our articles of association. These rights differ in certain respects from the rights of shareholders in typical U.S. corporations organized in Delaware. The principal differences are set forth in “Description of Share Capital—Differences in Corporate Law.”

 

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Provisions in the U.K. City Code on Takeovers and Mergers may have anti-takeover effects that could discourage an acquisition of us by others, even if an acquisition would be beneficial to our shareholders

The U.K. City Code on Takeovers and Mergers, or the Takeover Code, applies, among other things, to an offer for a public company whose registered office is in the United Kingdom and whose securities are not admitted to trading on a regulated market in the United Kingdom if the company is considered by the Panel on Takeovers and Mergers, or the Takeover Panel, to have its place of central management and control in the United Kingdom. This is known as the “residency test.” The test for central management and control under the Takeover Code is different from that used by the U.K. tax authorities. Under the Takeover Code, the Takeover Panel will determine whether we have our place of central management and control in the United Kingdom by looking at various factors, including the structure of our board of directors, the functions of the directors and where they are resident.

If at the time of a takeover offer the Takeover Panel determines that we have our place of central management and control in the United Kingdom, we would be subject to a number of rules and restrictions, including but not limited to the following: (1) our ability to enter into deal protection arrangements with a bidder would be extremely limited; (2) we may not, without the approval of our shareholders, be able to perform certain actions that could have the effect of frustrating an offer, such as issuing shares or carrying out acquisitions or disposals; and (3) we would be obliged to provide equality of information to all bona fide competing bidders

Risks Related to Taxation

Changes in our tax position can significantly affect our reported earnings and cash flows

Changes in corporate tax rates and/or other relevant tax laws in the United Kingdom, the United States or the other countries in which our assets are located could have a material impact on our future tax rate and/or our required tax payments. Although we consider our tax provision to be adequate, the final determination of our tax liability could be different from the forecasted amount, which could have potential adverse effects on our financial condition and cash flows. In relation to the United Kingdom Controlled Foreign Company regime, or the U.K. CFC rules, we have good arguments to consider that the foreign entities held under Abengoa Yield would not be subject to the U.K. CFC rules. Changes to the U.K. CFC rules or adverse interpretations of them, could have effects on the future tax rate and/or required tax payments in Abengoa Yield. With respect to some of our projects, we must meet defined requirements to apply favorable tax treatment, such as lower tax rates or exemptions. We intend to meet these requirements in order to benefit from the favorable tax treatment; however, there can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with all of the necessary requirements in the future, or the requirements could change or be interpreted in another manner, which could give rise to a greater tax liability and which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.

Our future tax liability may be greater than expected if we do not utilize Net Operating Losses, or NOLs, sufficient to offset our taxable income

We expect to generate NOLs and NOL carryforwards that we can use to offset future taxable income. Based on our current portfolio of assets, which include renewable assets that benefit from an accelerated tax depreciation schedule, and subject to potential tax audits, which may result in income, sales, use or other tax obligations, we do not expect to pay significant taxes for a period of approximately 10 years, with the exception of ACT in Mexico, where we do not expect to pay significant income taxes until the fifth or sixth year after our IPO (which was consummated in June 2014) once we use existing NOLs.

While we expect these losses will be available to us as a future benefit, in the event that they are not generated as expected, or are successfully challenged by the local tax authorities, such as the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, or Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs among others, by way of a tax audit or otherwise, or are subject to future limitations as discussed below, our ability to realize these benefits may be limited. A reduction in our expected NOLs, a limitation on our ability to use such losses or the occurrence of

 

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future tax audits may result in a material increase in our estimated future income tax liability and may negatively impact our results of operations and liquidity.

Our ability to use U.S. NOLs to offset future income may be limited

Our ability to use U.S. NOLs generated in the future could be limited if we were to experience an “ownership change” as defined under Section 382 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the IRC, and similar state rules. In general, an “ownership change” would occur if our “5-percent shareholders,” as defined under Section 382 of the IRC, collectively increased their ownership in us by more than 50 percentage points over a rolling three-year period. A corporation that experiences an ownership change will generally be subject to an annual limitation on the use of its pre-ownership change U.S. NOLs equal to the equity value of the corporation immediately before the ownership change, multiplied by the long-term tax-exempt rate for the month in which the ownership change occurs. The long-term tax-exempt rate for January 2015 is 2.80%. Future sales of our shares by Abengoa, or sales of shares of Abengoa, as well as future issuances by us or Abengoa could contribute to a potential ownership change.

Distributions to U.S. Holders of our shares may be fully taxable as dividends

It is difficult to predict whether or to what extent we will generate earnings or profits as computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes in any given tax year. If we make distributions on the shares from current or accumulated earnings and profits as computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes, such distributions generally will be taxable to U.S. Holders of our shares as ordinary dividend income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Under current law, if certain requirements are met, such dividends would be eligible for the lower tax rates applicable to qualified dividend income of certain non-corporate U.S. Holders. While we expect that a portion of our distributions to U.S. Holders of our shares may exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits as computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and therefore may constitute a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of a U.S. Holder’s basis in our shares, no assurance can be given that this will occur. We intend to calculate our earnings and profits annually in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles. See “Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.”

If we are a passive foreign investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year, U.S. Holders of our shares could be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences

If Abengoa Yield were a “passive foreign investment company” within the meaning of Section 1297 of the IRC (a “PFIC”) for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder holds our shares, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences may apply to the U.S. Holder. Abengoa Yield does not believe that it was a PFIC for its prior taxable year and does not expect to be a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for its current taxable year or in the foreseeable future. However, PFIC status depends on the composition of a company’s income and assets and the fair market value of its assets (including, among others, less than 25% owned equity investments) from time to time, as well as on the application of complex statutory and regulatory rules that are subject to potentially varying or changing interpretations. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that Abengoa Yield will not be considered a PFIC for any taxable year.

If Abengoa Yield were a PFIC, U.S. Holders of our shares may be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences, such as taxation at the highest marginal ordinary income tax rates on capital gains and on certain actual or deemed distributions, interest charges on certain taxes treated as deferred, and additional reporting requirements. See “Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations—Passive foreign investment company rules.”

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the ordinary shares being offered hereby. The selling shareholder will receive all proceeds from the sale of these ordinary shares.

 

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PRICE RANGE OF OUR ORDINARY SHARES

Our ordinary shares trade on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “ABY.” The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low intraday sales price per ordinary share as reported by the NASDAQ Global Select Market since the date of our IPO.

 

     High      Low  

Year Ending December 31, 2015

     

First quarter (through January 9, 2015)

   $ 29.33       $ 25.93   

Year Ending December 31, 2014

     

Fourth quarter

   $ 35.76       $ 21.00   

Third quarter

   $ 40.98       $ 33.87   

Second quarter (from June 12, 2014) (1)

   $ 40.61       $ 35.00   

 

(1)

Our ordinary shares were admitted to trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market following the consummation of our IPO on June 12, 2014. There was no public market for our ordinary shares before our IPO.

On January 9, 2015, the last reported sale price of our ordinary shares on the NASDAQ Global Select Market was $29.16 per share. On January 5, 2015, there were two holders of record of our ordinary shares. The number of record holders does not include persons who held our ordinary shares in nominee or “street name” accounts through brokers.

 

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents, short-term financial investments and capitalization as of September 30, 2014 on a historical basis and as adjusted to give effect to (i) the issuance of the 2019 Notes and the drawdown in full of the Credit Facility and (ii) the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets from Abengoa.

You should read the following table in conjunction with the sections entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Financial Statements” and our Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and our Annual Combined Financial Statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

     As of September 30, 2014  
$ in millions    Historical     As Adjusted (1)  

Cash and cash equivalents

     265.1 (2)       421.4   

Short-term financial investments

     261.7        261.7   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cash and cash equivalents and short-term financial investments

     526.8        683.2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-recourse project financing (long and short term) (3)

     2,487.3        3,101.9   

2019 Notes

     —          255.0   

Credit Facility

     —          125.0   

Total debt

     2,487.3        3,481.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity

     1,891.4        1,869.5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total capitalization

     4,378.7        5,351.5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

We have prepared the information presented in the “as adjusted” column for illustrative purposes only. Information presented in the “as adjusted” column gives effect to (i) the issuance of the 2019 Notes in the amount of $255.0 million before fees and commissions ($252.7 million net of fees and commissions) and the drawdown in full of the Credit Facility in the amount of $125 million before fees and commissions ($124.0 million net of fees and commissions) and (ii) the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets from Abengoa. The information included in the “as adjusted” column in respect of the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets is based on the historical financial information of the First Dropdown Assets as of September 30, 2014. See “Business—Our Operations—Renewable Energy—Cadonal.” Cadonal’s non-recourse project financing (long and short term) at the time of its acquisition by us was $29.1 million higher than the corresponding amount incurred by it as of September 30, 2014 and used in the preparation of the “as adjusted” information shown above. The project financing for Cadonal was signed in September 2014 and initially drawndown on November 28, 2014, replacing the bridge financing in place until such date. The information presented in the “as adjusted” column addresses pro forma situations and, therefore, does not represent our actual financial position or results. Consequently, such information may not be indicative of our total capitalization as of the date of this prospectus. Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on this pro forma information.

(2)

$86.2 million is held at Abengoa Yield plc level. This amount already reflects that approximately $35 million was used to purchase Cofides’ stake in ATS in October 2014.

(3)

Non-Recourse Debt amount does not reflect additional Non-Recourse Debt of $812.8 million following the consolidation of Mojave once we assumed control of Mojave Solar LLC as of December 1, 2014. See “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information.”

 

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CASH DIVIDEND POLICY

General

Our Cash Dividend Policy

We intend to pay a regular quarterly dividend in U.S. dollars to our shareholders starting in the third quarter of 2014. Our quarterly dividend was set at $0.2592 per share for the third quarter of 2014, or $1.04 per share on an annualized basis.

We expect to pay a quarterly dividend on or about the 75 th day following the expiration of each fiscal quarter to our shareholders of record on or about the 60 th day following the last day of such fiscal quarter. We declared our first quarterly dividend in November 2014 and paid it on December 15, 2014.

We have established our initial quarterly dividend level based on a targeted cash available for distribution payout ratio of 90%, after considering the cash available for distribution that we expect our projects will be able to generate, less reserves for the prudent conduct of our business (including for, among other things, dividend shortfalls as a result of fluctuations in our cash flows). Our board of directors may, by resolution, amend the cash dividend policy at any time. We intend to grow our business via improvements in our existing projects, the ramp-up of Mojave and through the acquisition of operational projects, which, we believe, will facilitate the growth of our cash available for distribution and enable us to increase our dividend per share over time. However, the determination of the amount of cash dividends to be paid to holders of our shares will be made by our board of directors and will depend upon our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, long-term prospects and any other matters that our board of directors deem relevant. Our cash dividend policy reflects a basic judgment that our shareholders will be better served by distributing most of the cash distributions we receive from our project companies each quarter in the form of a quarterly dividend rather than retaining it. In addition, by providing for the provision of reserves each quarter after calculating cash available for distribution, and thereby enabling us to retain a portion of cash generated from operations, we believe we will also provide better value to our shareholders by maintaining the operating capacity of our assets and, in turn, dividend paying capacity.

Our cash available for distribution is likely to fluctuate from quarter to quarter, in some cases significantly, as a result of the seasonality of our assets, the terms of our financing arrangements, maintenance and outage schedules, among other factors. Accordingly, during quarters in which our projects generate cash available for distribution in excess of the amount necessary for us to pay our stated quarterly dividend, we may reserve a portion of the excess to fund cash distributions in future quarters. In quarters in which we do not generate sufficient cash available for distribution to fund our stated quarterly cash dividend, if our board of directors so determines, we may use retained cash flow from other quarters, as well as other sources of cash, such as net cash provided by financing activities, receipts from cash grant proceeds or borrowings under our Credit Facility or future credit facilities, to pay dividends to our shareholders. Our estimation of cash available for distribution does not include non-recurring cash generation events.

Risks Regarding Our Cash Dividend Policy

We do not have a significant operating history as an independent company upon which to rely in evaluating whether we will have sufficient cash available for distribution and other sources of liquidity to allow us to pay dividends on our shares at our initial quarterly dividend level on an annualized basis or at all. There is no guarantee that we will pay quarterly cash dividends to our shareholders. We do not have a legal obligation to pay our initial quarterly dividend or any other dividend. While we currently intend to grow our business and increase our dividend per share over time, our cash dividend policy is subject to all the risks inherent in our business and may be changed at any time as a result of certain restrictions and uncertainties, including the following:

 

   

The amount of our quarterly cash available for distribution could be impacted by restrictions on cash distributions contained in our project-level financing arrangements, which require that our project-level

 

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subsidiaries comply with certain financial tests and covenants in order to make such cash distributions. Generally these restrictions limit the frequency of permitted cash distributions to semi-annual or annual payments, and prohibit distributions unless specified debt service coverage ratios, historical and/or projected, are met. See the sub-sections entitled “—Project Level Financing” under the individual project descriptions in “Business—Our Operations.” When forecasting cash available for distribution and dividend payments we have aimed to take these restrictions into consideration, but we cannot guarantee future dividends.

 

   

Additionally, we recently incurred indebtedness under the 2019 Notes and entered into the Credit Facility which contain, among other covenants, certain financial incurrence and maintenance covenants, as applicable. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness.” In addition, we may incur debt in the future to acquire new projects, the terms of which will likely require commencement of commercial operations prior to our ability to receive cash distributions from such acquired projects. These agreements likely will contain financial tests and covenants that our subsidiaries must satisfy prior to making distributions. Should we or any of our project-level subsidiaries be unable to satisfy these covenants or if any of us are otherwise in default under such facilities, we may be unable to receive sufficient cash distributions to pay our stated quarterly cash dividends notwithstanding our stated cash dividend policy. See the “Project Level Financing” descriptions contained in “Business—Our Operations” for a description of such restrictions.

 

   

We and our board of directors have the authority to establish cash reserves for the prudent conduct of our business and for future cash dividends to our shareholders, and the establishment of or increase in those reserves could result in a reduction in cash dividends from levels we currently anticipate pursuant to our stated cash dividend policy. These reserves may account for the fact that our project-level cash flows may vary from year to year based on, among other things, changes in prices under offtake agreements, operational costs and other project contracts, compliance with the terms of non-recourse project-level financing including debt repayment schedules, the transition to market or recontracted pricing following the expiration of offtake agreements, working capital requirements and the operating performance of the assets. Furthermore, our board of directors may increase reserves to account for the seasonality that has historically existed in our assets’ cash flows and the variances in the pattern and frequency of distributions to us from our assets during the year.

 

   

We may lack sufficient cash to pay dividends to our shareholders due to cash flow shortfalls attributable to a number of operational, commercial or other factors, including low availability, unexpected operating interruptions, legal liabilities, costs associated with governmental regulation, changes in governmental subsidies, changes in regulation, as well as increases in our operating and/or general and administrative expenses, including existing contracts with Abengoa and its subsidiaries, principal and interest payments on our and our subsidiaries’ outstanding debt, income tax expenses, working capital requirements or anticipated cash needs at our project-level subsidiaries. See “Risk Factors” for more information on the risks to which our business is subject.

 

   

We may pay cash to our shareholders via capital reduction in lieu of dividends in some years.

 

   

Our project companies’ cash distributions to us (in the form of dividends or other forms of cash distributions such as shareholder loan repayments) and, as a result, our ability to pay or grow our dividends are dependent upon the performance of our subsidiaries and their ability to distribute cash to us. The ability of our project-level subsidiaries to make cash distributions to us may be restricted by, among other things, the provisions of existing and future indebtedness, applicable corporation laws and other laws and regulations.

 

   

Our board of directors may, by resolution, amend the cash dividend policy at any time. Our board of directors may elect to change the amount of dividends, suspend any dividend or decide to pay no dividends even if there is ample cash available for distribution.

 

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Our Ability to Grow our Business and Dividend

We intend to grow our business primarily through the improvement of existing assets and the acquisition of contracted power generation assets, electric transmission lines and other infrastructure assets, which, we believe, along with Mojave’s having reached COD and the recent acquisitions of Cadonal, PS10/20 and the 30-year usufruct of the economic and political rights over the shares of Solacor 1/2 (with an option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term), will facilitate the growth of our cash available for distribution and enable us to increase our dividend per share over time. Our approved policy is to maximize cash distributions to shareholders and specifically to distribute 90% of our cash available for distribution. However, the final determination of the amount of cash dividends to be paid to our shareholders will be made by our board of directors and will depend upon our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, long-term prospects and any other matters that our board of directors deems relevant.

We expect that we will rely primarily upon external financing sources, including commercial bank borrowings and issuances of debt and equity securities, to fund any future growth capital expenditures. To the extent we are unable to finance growth externally, our cash dividend policy could significantly impair our ability to grow because we do not currently intend to reserve a substantial amount of cash generated from operations to fund growth opportunities. If external financing is not available to us on acceptable terms, our board of directors may decide to finance acquisitions with cash from operations, which would reduce or even eliminate our cash available for distribution and, in turn, impair our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders. To the extent we issue additional shares to fund growth capital expenditures, the payment of dividends on those additional shares may increase the risk that we will be unable to maintain or increase our per share dividend level. Additionally, the incurrence of additional commercial bank borrowings or other debt to finance our growth would result in increased interest expense, which in turn may impact our cash available for distribution and, in turn, our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders.

 

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The following unaudited pro forma financial information sets forth the unaudited pro forma consolidated condensed income statement of Abengoa Yield for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, the unaudited pro forma combined income statements of Abengoa Yield for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, as well as the unaudited pro forma consolidated condensed statements of financial position of Abengoa Yield as of September 30, 2014 to give effect to: (i) the consolidation of Mojave, (ii) the preferred equity investment in ACBH, (iii) the issuance of the 2019 Notes and the drawdown in full of the Credit Facility, and (iv) the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets from Abengoa.

Unaudited pro forma financial information has been derived from, and should be read in conjunction with, the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and the Annual Combined Financial Statements, included in this prospectus.

We have included the unaudited pro forma financial information to illustrate the following, on a pro forma basis:

 

   

The consolidation of Mojave Solar LLC, which was completed after we assumed its control in December 2014, after Mojave achieved COD on December 1, 2014. Until such date, Mojave was recorded as an associate under the equity method in our Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and in our Annual Combined Financial Statements. The entry into operation of Mojave, and thereby its full consolidation, occurred after September 30, 2014 and had a significant impact on our total assets and financial position. Therefore, such disclosure is considered material for investors.

 

   

A preferred equity investment in ACBH, a Brazilian company that owns 15 electric transmission lines in Brazil (as described in “Business—Our Operations—Exchangeable Preferred Equity Investment in Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding”), which was transferred to us immediately prior to our IPO. The effect of such transfer of preferred equity investment in ACBH is not included in the historical combined income statements because such preferred equity investment was not made during the period covered by such financial statements. The transfer of the preferred equity investment in ACBH was completed immediately prior to our IPO. Consequently, the pro forma consolidated condensed statement of financial position as of September 30, 2014 does not reflect any adjustment and the pro forma consolidated condensed income statements for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 and the pro forma combined income statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 give effect to the dividend that would have been received had the preferred equity investment been transferred on January 1, 2012.

 

   

The issuance of the 2019 Notes in the amount of $255.0 million before fees and commissions ($252.7 million net of fees and commissions) and the drawdown in full of the Credit Facility in the amount of $125.0 million before of fees and commissions ($124.0 million net of fees and commissions); and

 

   

The acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets from Abengoa.

The acquisition on the First Dropdown Assets from Abengoa will be accounted for using predecessor values, given that this is a transaction between entities under common control. Any difference between the consideration paid and the aggregate book value of the assets and liabilities of the acquired entities as of the date of the relevant transaction has been reflected as an adjustment to equity. We present herein pro forma income statements for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 and for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, which are the same periods included in the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and the Annual Combined Financial Statements.

We have assumed that the above transactions have been completed on:

 

   

January 1, 2012 for the purpose of presenting the unaudited pro forma consolidated condensed income statement for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 and the unaudited pro forma combined income statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.

 

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September 30, 2014 for the purpose of presenting the unaudited pro forma consolidated condensed statement of financial position as of September 30, 2014.

The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for illustrative purposes only and reflects estimates and certain assumptions made by our management that are considered reasonable under the circumstances as of the date of this prospectus and which are based on the information available at the time of the preparation of the unaudited pro forma financial information. Actual adjustments may differ materially from the information presented herein. The unaudited consolidated pro forma financial information does not purport to represent what our consolidated income statement and consolidated statement of financial position would have been if the relevant transactions had occurred on the dates indicated and is not intended to project our consolidated results of operations or consolidated financial position for any future period or date.

Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Condensed Income Statement For the Nine-Month Period Ended September 30, 2014

 

    Abengoa Yield
Historical
Consolidated
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for

Mojave
Consolidation (1)
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
the preferred
shares of
ACBH (2)
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
the Issuance

of the 2019
Notes and
drawdown of
the Credit
Facility (3)
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
the Acquisition
of the First
Dropdown
Assets (4)
    Pro Forma
Abengoa
Yield
 
    $ in millions  

Revenue

    269.3        —          —          —          81.8        351.1   

Other operating income

    69.2        —          —          —          0.1        69.3   

Raw materials and consumables used

    (15.4     —          —          —          (1.5     (16.9

Employee benefit expenses

    (1.9     —          —          —          (0.4     (2.3

Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges

    (86.9     (0.1     —          —          (22.6     (109.6

Other operating expenses

    (99.4     —          —          —          (25.9     (125.3
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating profit/(loss)

    134.9        (0.1     —          —          31.6        166.4   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial income

    3.2        —          —          —          0.1        3.3   

Financial expense

    (151.6     —          —          (16.9     (14.9     (183.5

Net exchange differences

    3.4        —          —          —          (0.2     3.2   

Other net finance income/(expense)

    2.4        (0.1     9.2        —          (1.0     10.5   

Finance cost, net

    (142.6     (0.1     9.2        (16.9     (16.1     (166.5

Share of profit/(loss) of associates

    (0.6     —          —          —          —          (0.4

Profit/(loss) before income tax

    (8.3     (0.2     9.2        (16.9     15.5        (0.6

Income tax (expense)/benefit

    (4.1     —          —          —          (4.3     (8.4

Profit (Loss) for the period from continuing operations

    (12.4     (0.2     9.2        (16.9     11.2        (9.1

Loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interests from continuing operations

    (1.5     —          —          —          (1.3     (2.8

Profit (Loss) for the period attributable to the combined group

    (13.8     (0.2     9.2        (16.9     9.9        (11.9

Number of ordinary shares outstanding (millions)

    80.0        —          —          —          —          80.0   

Earnings per share (U.S. dollars per share) (*)

    (0.17     —          —          —          —          (0.15

 

(*)

Historical earnings per share as of September 30, 2014 have been calculated considering our net income for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014.

 

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Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Income Statement for the Year Ended December 31, 2013

 

    Abengoa Yield
Historical
Consolidated
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
Mojave
Consolidation (1)
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
the preferred
shares of
ACBH (2)
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
the Issuance

of the 2019
Notes and
drawdown of
the Credit
Facility (3)
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
the Acquisition
of the First
Dropdown
Assets (4)
    Pro Forma
Abengoa
Yield
 
    $ in millions  

Revenue

    210.9        —          —          —          88.6        299.5   

Other operating income

    379.6        —          —          —          5.1        384.8   

Raw materials and consumables used

    (8.7     —          —          —          (3.8     (12.4

Employee benefit expenses

    (2.4     —          —          —          (0.3     (2.7

Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges

    (46.9     —          —          —          (29.6     (76.6

Other operating expenses

    (420.9     (0.1     —          —          (33.2     (454.2
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating profit/(loss)

    111.6        (0.1     —          —          26.9        138.4   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial income

    1.2        —          —          —          0.1        1.3   

Financial expense

    (123.8     (0.1     —          (22.5     (20.0     (166.5

Net exchange differences

    (0.9     —          —          —          —          (0.9

Other net finance income/(expense)

    (1.7     0.3        18.4        —          (1.3     15.7   

Finance cost, net

    (125.2     0.2        18.4        (22.5     (21.3     (150.5

Share of profit/(loss) of associates

    —          —          —          —          —          —     

Profit/(loss) before income tax

    (13.6     0.1        18.4        (22.5     5.6        (12.1

Income tax (expense)/benefit

    11.8        —          —          —          (0.4     11.3   

Profit (Loss) for the year from continuing operations

    (1.8     0.1        18.4        (22.5     5.2        (0.8

Loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interests from continuing operations

    (1.6     —          —          —          (0.2     (1.7

Profit (Loss) for the year attributable to the combined group

    (3.4     0.1        18.4        (22.5     5.0        (2.5

Number of ordinary shares outstanding (millions)

    —          —          —          —          —          80.0   

Earnings per share (U.S. dollars per share) (*)

    —          —          —          —          —          (0.03

 

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Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Income Statement for the Year Ended December 31, 2012

 

    Abengoa Yield
Historical
Consolidated
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
Mojave
Consolidation (1)
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
the preferred
shares of
ACBH (2)
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
the Issuance

of the 2019
Notes and
drawdown of
the Credit
Facility (3)
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
the Acquisition
of the First
Dropdown
Assets (4)
    Pro Forma
Abengoa
Yield
 
    $ in millions  

Revenue

    107.2        —          —          —          99.1        206.3   

Other operating income

    560.4        —          —          —          1.9        562.2   

Raw materials and consumables used

    (4.3     —          —          —          (8.9     (13.2

Employee benefit expenses

    (1.8     —          —          —          (0.1     (1.9

Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges

    (20.2     —          —          —          (29.1     (49.3

Other operating expenses

    (573.6     (0.4     —          —          (25.7     (599.6
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating profit/(loss)

    67.7        (0.4     —          —          37.1        104.5   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial income

    0.7        —          —          —          0.1        0.9   

Financial expense

    (64.1     —          —          (22.5     (20.6     (107.3

Net exchange differences

    0.4        —          —          —          —          0.4   

Other net finance income/(expense)

    (0.2     —          18.4        —          (2.2     16.1   

Finance cost, net

    (63.2     —          18.4        (22.5     (22.7     (90.0

Share of profit/(loss) of associates

    (0.4     —          —          —          —          (0.4

Profit/(loss) before income tax

    4.1        (0.4     18.4        (22.5     14.5        14.1   

Income tax (expense)/benefit

    (4.0     —          —          —          (2.9     (7.0

Profit (Loss) for the year from continuing operations

    0.1        (0.4     18.4        (22.5     11.5        7.2   

Loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interests from continuing operations

    1.2        —          —          —          (1.2     (0.1

Profit (Loss) for the year attributable to the combined group

    1.3        (0.4     18.4        (22.5     10.3        7.1   

Number of ordinary shares outstanding (millions)

    —          —          —          —          —          80.0   

Earnings per share (U.S. dollars per share) (*)

    —          —          —          —          —          0.09   

 

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Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Condensed Statement of Financial Position as of September 30, 2014

 

    Abengoa Yield
Historical
Consolidated
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
Mojave
Consolidation (1)
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
the preferred
shares of
ACBH (2)
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
the Issuance

of the 2019
Notes and
drawdown of
the Credit
Facility (3)
    Pro Forma
Adjustment for
the Acquisition
of the First
Dropdown
Assets (4)
    Pro Forma
Abengoa
Yield
 
    $ in millions  

Non-current assets

           

Concessional assets

    4,319.3        1,559.3        —          —          890.1        6,768.7   

Investments carried under the equity method

    431.3        (425.5     —          —          —          5.7   

Financial investments

    349.1        15.2        —          —          2.3        366.6   

Deferred tax assets

    49.8        —          —          —          17.5        67.3   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total non-current assets

    5,149.4        1,149.0        —          —          909.9        7,208.3   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Current assets

           

Inventories

    6.9        —          —          —          —          6.9   

Clients and other receivables

    96.3        1.0        —          —          33.6        130.9   

Financial investments

    261.7        7.0        —          —          0.1        268.8   

Cash and cash equivalents

    265.1        0.6        —          380.0        (223.7     422.1   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

    630.0        8.7        —          380.0        (190.0     828.7   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

    5,779.4        1,157.7        —          380.0        720.0        8,037.0   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Equity and liabilities

           

Total equity

    1,891.4        —          —          —          (21.9     1,869.5   

Non-current liabilities

           

Long-term corporate debt

    —          —          —          380.0        —          380.0   

Long-term non-recourse financing (project financing)

    2,382.1        805.8        —          —          586.6        3,774.5   

Grants and other liabilities

    1,115.4        273.0        —          —          25.5        1,414.0   

Related parties

    48.9        —          —          —          —          48.9   

Derivative liabilities

    95.1        —          —          —          52.0        147.1   

Deferred tax liabilities

    7.8        —          —          —          2.6        10.4   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total non-current liabilities

    3,649.4        1,078.8        —          380.0        666.7        5,774.8   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Current liabilities

           

Short-term non-recourse financing (project financing)

    105.2        7.1        —          —          28.0        140.3   

Trade payables and other current liabilities

    125.8        71.8        —          —          43.5        241.0   

Income and other tax payables

    7.7        —          —          —          3.7        11.4   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

    238.6        78.9        —          —          75.2        392.7   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity and liabilities

    5,779.4        1,157.7        —          380.0        720.0        8,037.0   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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(1)

Reflects the impact of consolidating Mojave Solar LLC, the company that holds our Mojave project, which was recorded under the equity method during its construction period. We have derived the pro forma adjustments in the pro forma consolidated income statements for Mojave’s consolidation from Mojave’s income statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012; we have not made any adjustments to reflect the construction in progress performed by related parties in 2013, 2012 or in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 because Mojave was operational when it was consolidated. Mojave entered into operation on December 1, 2014 and is fully consolidated as of such date, when we obtained control over Mojave Solar LLC We reassess whether or not we control an investee when facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to the elements that determine control (power over the investee, exposition to variable returns of the investee and ability to use its power to affect its returns). We concluded that during the construction phase of Mojave all the relevant decisions were subject to the control and approval of a third party. As a result, we did not have control over Mojave during the construction period. IFRS 10 (B80) provides that control requires a continuous assessment and that we shall reassess if we control an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to the elements of control. Since Mojave entered into operation, the investee is controlled and it is fully consolidated.

(2)

Reflects a preferred equity investment in ACBH, a subsidiary holding company of Abengoa that is engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, comprised mostly of transmission lines. The expected annual dividend of $18.4 million ($4.6 million per quarter) is not reflected in our historical income statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 and is partially reflected only in the historical income statement for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014; as a result, it has been included as an adjustment in the unaudited pro forma consolidated condensed income statement for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 and in the unaudited pro forma combined income statement for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.

(3)

Reflects the issuance of the 2019 Notes in a principal amount of $255.0 million before fees and commissions ($252.7 million net of fees and commissions), and the drawdown in full of the Credit Facility in the amount of $125.0 million before fees and commissions ($124.0 million net of fees and commissions). The 2019 Notes accrue interest at a 7.000% rate per annum. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness—2019 Notes.” Loans under the Credit Facility accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to: (A) for Eurodollar rate loans, LIBOR plus 2.75% and (B) for base rate loans, the highest of (i) the rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the rates on overnight U.S. Federal funds transactions with members of the U.S. Federal Reserve System arranged by U.S. Federal funds brokers on such day plus 1/2 of 1.00%, (ii) the U.S. prime rate and (iii) LIBOR plus 1.00%, in any case, plus 1.75%. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness—Credit Facility.”

(4)

Reflects the accounting for the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets from Abengoa, consisting of (i) a 74% interest in each of Solacor 1 and Solacor 2, with a capacity of 100 MW; (ii) PS10/20, with a capacity of 31 MW; and (iii) one on-shore wind farm in Uruguay, Cadonal, with a capacity of 50 MW, based on the historical financial information of the First Dropdown Assets for the relevant periods and as of September 30, 2014, as applicable. Impact on cash and cash equivalents includes the payment of the consideration for the acquisition. Impact on equity relates to the 26% minority interests held by JGC in each of Solacor 1 and 2. The difference between the consideration paid and the aggregate book value of the assets and liabilities of the acquired entities as of September 30, 2014 has been reflected as an adjustment to equity in accordance with predecessor accounting, given that this is an acquisition between entities under common control. Cadonal’s non-recourse financing (long and short term) at the time of its acquisition by us was $29.1 million higher, accounts payable was $34.0 million lower and total assets was $32.2 million higher, than the respective corresponding historical amounts as of September 30, 2014 used in the preparation of the pro forma balance sheet as of such date. The project financing for Cadonal was signed in September 2014 and initially drawndown on November 28, 2014, replacing the bridge financing in place until such date. Given that Cadonal was under construction as of September 30, 2014, it did not have any operations during the periods presented in this pro forma section. See “Business—First Dropdown Assets—Cadonal.” Moreover, the line item “cash and cash equivalents” in this adjustment reflects the net effect of the consolidation of, and the consideration paid for the First Dropdown Assets.

 

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SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The selected financial information as of September 30, 2014 and for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 is derived from, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, our Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements, which are included in this prospectus and prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB.

The selected financial information as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 and as of January 1, 2012 is derived from, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, our Annual Combined Financial Statements, which are included in this prospectus and prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB. Our Annual Combined Financial Statements reflect the combination of certain of the assets and associated liabilities that Abengoa contributed to us immediately prior to the consummation of our IPO.

The following tables should be read in conjunction with the sections “Capitalization” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” our Annual Combined Financial Statements and our Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and related notes, included in this prospectus. For purposes of the Annual Combined Financial Statements, the term “Abengoa Yield” represents the accounting predecessor, or the combination of the assets and associated liabilities that Abengoa contributed to us immediately prior to the consummation of our IPO. For all periods subsequent to our IPO, the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements represent our and our subsidiaries’ consolidated results.

Consolidated condensed income statements for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, and combined income statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
ended September 30,
    Year ended December 31,  
     2014     2013     2013     2012  
     (unaudited)       

Revenue

     269.3        154.0        210.9        107.2   

Other operating income

     69.2        303.1        379.6        560.4   

Raw materials and consumables used

     (15.4     (4.2     (8.7     (4.3

Employee benefit expenses

     (1.9     (2.4     (2.4     (1.8

Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges

     (86.9     (25.7     (46.9     (20.2

Other operating expenses

     (99.4     (339.1     (420.9     (573.6
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating profit/(loss)

     134.9        85.7        111.6        67.7   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial income

     3.2        0.7        1.2        0.7   

Financial expense

     (151.6     (76.5     (123.8     (64.1

Net exchange differences

     3.4        (0.3     (0.9     0.4   

Other financial income/(expense), net

     2.4        (0.5     (1.7     (0.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial expense, net

     (142.6     (76.6     (125.2     (63.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method

     (0.6     0.2        —          (0.4
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) before income tax

     (8.3     9.3        (13.6     4.1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income tax

     (4.1     14.4        11.8        (4.0
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the period

     (12.4     23.7        (1.8     0.1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interests

     (1.5     (2.0     (1.6     1.2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company

     (13.8     21.7        (3.4     1.3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Consolidated condensed statements of financial position as of September 30, 2014, and combined statements of financial position as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 and as of January 1, 2012

 

$ in millions    As of September 30,
2014
     As of December 31,      As of January 1,
2012
 
        2013      2012     
     (unaudited)                       

Non-current assets :

           

Contracted concessional assets

     4,319.3         4,418.1         2,058.9         1,546.8   

Investments in associates carried under the equity method

     431.2         387.3         734.1         180.2   

Financial investments

     349.1         28.9         13.7         9.4   

Deferred tax assets

     49.8         52.8         60.2         44.1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-current assets

     5,149.4         4,887.1         2,866.9         1,780.5   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Current assets :

           

Inventories

     6.9         5.2         —           —     

Clients and other receivables

     96.3         97.6         106.1         124.8   

Financial investments

     261.7         266.4         127.6         101.7   

Cash and cash equivalents

     265.1         357.7         97.5         40.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current assets

     630.0         726.9         331.2         266.7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

     5,779.4         5,614.0         3,198.1         2,047.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total equity

     1,891.4         1,287.2         1,139.8         583.9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Non-current liabilities:

           

Long-term non-recourse project financing

     2,382.1         2,842.4         1,320.0         1,003.2   

Other liabilities

     1,267.3         1,209.4         502.2         214.6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-current liabilities

     3,649.4         4,051.8         1,822.2         1,217.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Current liabilities :

           

Short-term non-recourse project financing

     105.2         52.4         48.9         78.7   

Other liabilities

     133.4         222.6         187.2         166.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     238.6         275.0         236.1         245.5   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Equity and Total liabilities

     5,779.4         5,614.0         3,198.1         2,047.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Consolidated condensed cash flow statements for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, and combined cash flow statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
ended September 30,
    Year ended December 31,  
         2014             2013         2013     2012  
     (unaudited)       

Profit/(loss) for the period

     (12.4     23.7        (1.8     0.1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-monetary adjustments

     205.2        57.4        92.4        22.8   

Profit for the period adjusted by non-monetary items

     192.8        81.1        90.6        22.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Variations in working capital

     (113.0     (41.0     9.2        66.6   

Net interest and income tax paid

     (81.8     (66.1     (62.4     (41.6

Net cash provided by operating activities

     (2.0     (26.0     37.4        47.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investments in contracted concessional assets

     (81.9     (474.0     (642.3     (1,072.8

Other non-current assets/liabilities

     (2.3     2.2        (52.3     (25.9

Net cash used in investing activities

     (84.2     (471.8     (694.6     (1,098.7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

     (0.8     559.3        914.9        1,107.3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     (87.0     61.5        257.7        56.5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents and bank overdrafts at beginning of the period

     357.7        97.5        97.5        40.2   

Translation differences on cash or cash equivalent

     (5.6     1.5        2.5        0.8   

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period

     265.1        160.5        357.7        97.5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

Geography and business sector data

Revenue by geography

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
ended September 30,
     Year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013      2013      2012  
     (unaudited)         

Revenue by geography

           

North America

     146.9         75.2         114.0         62.3   

South America

     60.6         17.5         25.4         17.0   

Europe

     61.8         61.3         71.5         27.9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenue

     269.3         154.0         210.9         107.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Revenue by business sector

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
ended September 30,
     Year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013      2013      2012  
     (unaudited)         

Revenue by business sector

           

Renewable energy

     129.9         61.3         82.7         27.9   

Conventional power

     85.2         75.2         102.8         62.3   

Electric transmission lines

     54.2         17.5         25.4         17.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenue

     269.3         154.0         210.9         107.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Non-GAAP Financial Data

Further Adjusted EBITDA by geography

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
ended September 30,
     Year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013      2013      2012  
     (unaudited)         

Further Adjusted EBITDA by geography

           

North America

     132.7         61.7         96.7         61.1   

South America

     53.8         12.0         19.0         10.2   

Europe

     39.9         37.7         42.8         16.6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA (1)

     226.4         111.4         158.5         87.9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA by business sector

 

$ in millions    Nine-month period
ended September 30,
     Year ended December 31,  
     2014      2013      2013      2012  
     (unaudited)         

Further Adjusted EBITDA by business sector

           

Renewable energy

     104.6         37.4         55.8         16.1   

Conventional power

     73.4         61.7         83.3         61.0   

Electric transmission lines

     48.4         12.3         19.4         10.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA (1)

     226.4         111.4         158.5         87.9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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(1)

Further Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company, after adding back loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interest from continued operations, income tax expense/(benefit), share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method, finance expense net, depreciation, amortization and impairment charges of entities included in the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and the Annual Combined Financial Statements, and dividends received from our preferred equity investment in ACBH. Further Adjusted EBITDA for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 includes preferred dividends by ACBH for the first time during the third quarter of 2014. Further Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of performance under IFRS as issued by the IASB and you should not consider Further Adjusted EBITDA as an alternative to operating income or profits or as a measure of our operating performance, cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities or as a measure of our ability to meet our cash needs or any other measures of performance under generally accepted accounting principles. We believe that Further Adjusted EBITDA is a useful indicator of our ability to incur and service our indebtedness and can assist securities analysts, investors and other parties to evaluate us. Further Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are used by different companies for different purposes and are often calculated in ways that reflect the circumstances of those companies. Further Adjusted EBITDA may not be indicative of our historical operating results, nor is it meant to be predictive of potential future results. See “Presentation of Financial Information—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of Further Adjusted EBITDA to our profit/(loss) for the period from continuing operations:

 

$ in millions   Nine-month period
ended September 30,
    Year ended December 31,  
    2014     2013     2013     2012  
    (unaudited)              

Reconciliation of profit for the period to Further Adjusted EBITDA

       

Profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company

    (13.8     21.7        (3.4     1.3   

Loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interest from continued operations

    1.5        2.0        1.6        (1.2

Income tax expenses/(benefits)

    4.1        (14.4     (11.8     4.0   

Share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method

    0.6        (0.2     —          0.4   

Financial expenses, net

    142.6        76.6        125.2        63.2   

Operating profit

    134.9        85.7        111.6        67.7   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Depreciation, amortization, and impairment charges

    86.9        25.7        46.9        20.2   

Dividend from exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH

    4.6        —          —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)

    226.4        111.4        158.5        87.9   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of Further Adjusted EBITDA to our net cash generated by or used in operating activities:

 

$ in millions   Nine-month period
ended September 30,
    Year ended December 31,  
    2014     2013     2013     2012  
    (unaudited)              

Reconciliation of Further Adjusted EBITDA to net cash generated by or used in operating activities

       

Further Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)

    226.4        111.4        158.5        87.9   

Other cash finance costs and other

    (33.6     (30.3     (67.9     (64.9

Variations in working capital

    (113.0     (41.0     9.2        66.6   

Net interest and income tax paid

    (81.8     (66.1     (62.4     (41.7
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash generated by or used in operating activities

    (2.0     (26.0     37.4        47.9   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read together with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, our Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and our Annual Combined Financial Statements. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs, which are based on assumptions we believe to be reasonable. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.

The following discussion analyzes our historical financial condition and results of operations. For all periods prior to our IPO, the discussion reflects the combined financial statements of our predecessor, which represents the combination of the assets transferred by Abengoa to us immediately prior to the consummation of our IPO. For all periods subsequent to our IPO, the discussion reflects our and our subsidiaries’ consolidated results.

Overview

We are a dividend growth-oriented company formed to serve as the primary vehicle through which Abengoa owns, manages and acquires renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission lines and other contracted revenue-generating assets in operation, initially focused on North America (the United States and Mexico), South America (Peru, Chile, Uruguay and Brazil) and Europe (Spain). We intend to expand this presence to selected countries in Africa and the Middle East.

We own 13 assets, comprising 891 MW of renewable energy generation, 300 MW of conventional power generation and 1,018 miles of electric transmission lines, as well as an exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH. Each of the assets we own has a project-finance agreement in place. All of our assets have contracted revenues (regulated revenues in the case of our Spanish assets) with low-risk off-takers and collectively have a weighted average remaining contract life of approximately 25 years as of September 30, 2014.

We intend to take advantage of favorable trends in the power generation and electric transmission sectors globally, including energy scarcity and a focus on the reduction of carbon emissions. To that end, we believe that our cash flow profile, coupled with our scale, diversity and low-cost business model, offers us a lower cost of capital than that of a traditional engineering and construction company or independent power producer and provides us with a significant competitive advantage with which to execute our growth strategy.

With this business model, our objective is to pay a consistent and growing cash dividend to holders of our shares that is sustainable on a long-term basis. We expect to target a payout ratio of 90% of our cash available for distribution and will seek to increase such cash dividends over time through organic growth and as we acquire assets with characteristics similar to those in our current portfolio.

We are focused on high-quality, newly-constructed and long-life facilities with creditworthy counterparties that we expect will produce stable, long-term cash flows. We have signed an exclusive agreement with Abengoa, which we refer to as the ROFO Agreement, which provides us with a right of first offer on any proposed sale, transfer or other disposition of any of Abengoa’s contracted renewable energy, conventional power, electric transmission or water assets in operation and located in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil, Colombia and the European Union, as well as four assets in Africa, the Middle East and Asia, which initial four assets are: Shams, a 110 MW solar plant in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, SPP1, a 150 MW cogeneration power plant in Algeria, Honaine, a 7 million cubic feet per day desalination plant in Algeria and

 

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Table of Contents

Skikda, a 3.5 million cubic feet per day desalination plant in Algeria. We refer to the contracted assets subject to the ROFO Agreement as the “Abengoa ROFO Assets.” See “Summary—Our Growth Strategy,” “Business—Our Growth Strategy” and “Related Party Transactions—Right of First Offer.”

On November 18, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Solacor 1/2 through a 30-year usufruct rights contract over the related shares (which includes an option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term); on December 4, 2014, we completed the acquisition of PS10/20; and on December 29, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Cadonal. Together, these three First Dropdown Assets, which we agreed in September 2014 to acquire from Abengoa under the ROFO Agreement, comprise an aggregate of 131 MW of Concentrating Solar Power generation and 50 MW of wind power generation. See “Business—Our Operations—Renewable Energy” for a description of such assets. The total aggregate consideration for the First Dropdown Assets was $312 million (which consideration was determined in part by converting the portion of the purchase price of Solacor 1/2 and PS 10/20 denominated in euros into U.S. dollars based on the exchange rate on the date on which the payment was made).

Pursuant to our cash dividend policy, we intend to pay a cash dividend each quarter to holders of our shares. Our quarterly dividend for the third quarter of 2014, paid in December 2014, was set at $0.2592 per share, or $1.04 per share on an annualized basis. See “Cash Dividend Policy.”

Based on the acquisition opportunities available to us, which include the Abengoa ROFO Assets, to the extent offered for sale by Abengoa or any investment vehicle to which Abengoa has transferred them, as well as any third-party acquisitions we pursue, we believe that we will have the opportunity to grow our cash available for distribution in a manner that would allow us to increase our cash dividends per share over time. Prospective investors should read “Cash Dividend Policy” and “Risk Factors,” including the risks and uncertainties related to our forecasted results, acquisition opportunities and growth plan, in their entirety.

Upon consummation of this offering, assuming the full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, Abengoa will beneficially own approximately 51.1% of our shares and, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, Abengoa will beneficially own approximately 52.8% of our shares.

We own a diversified portfolio of renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission line contracted assets in North America (the United States and Mexico), South America (Peru, Chile, Uruguay and Brazil) and Europe (Spain). Our portfolio consists of seven renewable energy assets, a cogeneration facility and several electric transmission lines, all of which are fully operational. In addition, we own an exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH, a subsidiary holding company of Abengoa that is engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, consisting mostly of electric transmission lines. All of our assets have contracted revenues (regulated revenues in the case of our Spanish assets) with low-risk off-takers and collectively have a weighted average remaining contract life of approximately 25 years as of September 30, 2014. We expect the majority of our cash available for distribution over the next four years will be in U.S. dollars, indexed to the U.S. dollar or in euros. We intend to use currency hedging contracts to maintain a ratio of 90% of our cash available for distribution denominated in U.S. dollars. Over 90% of our project-level debt is hedged against changes in interest rates through an underlying fixed rate on the debt instrument or through interest rate swaps, caps or similar hedging instruments.

 

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Our revenue and Further Adjusted EBITDA by geography and business sector for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 and for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 are set forth in the following tables:

Revenue by geography

 

     Nine-month period ended September 30,      Year ended December 31,  

Revenue by geography

   2014
(unaudited)
     2013
(unaudited)
     2013      2012  
     $ in
  millions  
     % of
revenue
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 

North America

     146.9         54.6         75.2         48.8         114.0         54.1         62.3         58.1   

South America

     60.6         22.5         17.5         11.4         25.4         12.0         17.0         15.9   

Europe

     61.8         22.9         61.3         39.8         71.5         33.9         27.9         26.0   

Total revenue

     269.3         100.0         154.0         100.0         210.9         100.0         107.2         100.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Revenue by business sector

 

     Nine-month period ended September 30,      Year ended December 31,  

Revenue by business sector

   2014
(unaudited)
     2013
(unaudited)
     2013      2012  
     $ in
  millions
     % of
revenue
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 

Renewable energy

     129.9         48.3         61.3         39.8         82.7         39.2         27.9         26.0   

Conventional power

     85.2         31.6         75.2         48.8         102.8         48.7         62.3         58.1   

Electric transmission lines

     54.2         20.1         17.5         11.4         25.4         12.1         17.0         15.9   

Total revenue

     269.3         100.0         154.0         100.0         210.9         100.0         107.2         100.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA by geography

 

     Nine-month period ended September 30,      Year ended December 31,  

Further Adjusted EBITDA by geography

   2014
(unaudited)
     2013
(unaudited)
     2013      2012  
     $ in
  millions
     % of
revenue
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 

North America

     132.7         90.3         61.7         82.0         96.7         84.8         61.1         98.1   

South America

     53.8         88.8         12.0         68.6         19.0         74.8         10.2         60.0   

Europe

     39.9         64.6         37.7         61.5         42.8         59.9         16.6         59.9   

Further Adjusted EBITDA (1)

     226.4         84.1         111.4         72.3         158.5         75.2         87.9         82.1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA by business sector

 

    Nine-month period ended September 30,     Year ended December 31,  

Further Adjusted EBITDA by business sector

  2014
(unaudited)
    2013
(unaudited)
    2013     2012  
    $ in
  millions  
    % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
    % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
    % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
    % of
revenue
 

Renewable energy

    104.6        80.5        37.4        61.0        55.8        67.5        16.1        57.7   

Conventional power

    73.4        86.2        61.7        82.0        83.3        81.0        61.0        97.9   

Electric transmission lines

    48.4        89.3        12.3        70.3        19.4        76.4        10.8        63.5   

Further Adjusted EBITDA (1)

    226.4        84.1        111.4        72.3        158.5        75.2        87.9        82.1   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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(1)

Further Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company, after adding back loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interest from continued operations, income tax expense/(benefit), share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method, finance expense net, depreciation, amortization and impairment charges of entities included in the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and the Annual Combined Financial Statements, and dividends received from our preferred equity investment in ACBH. Further Adjusted EBITDA for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 includes preferred dividends by ACBH for the first time during the third quarter of 2014. Further Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of performance under IFRS as issued by the IASB and you should not consider Further Adjusted EBITDA as an alternative to operating income or profits or as a measure of our operating performance, cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities or as a measure of our ability to meet our cash needs or any other measures of performance under generally accepted accounting principles. We believe that Further Adjusted EBITDA is a useful indicator of our ability to incur and service our indebtedness and can assist securities analysts, investors and other parties to evaluate us. Further Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are used by different companies for different purposes and are often calculated in ways that reflect the circumstances of those companies. Further Adjusted EBITDA may not be indicative of our historical operating results, nor is it meant to be predictive of potential future results. See “Presentation of Financial Information—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations

Commencement of operations of projects

The comparability of our results of operations is significantly influenced by the volume of projects that become operational during a particular year. The number of projects becoming operational and the length of lead times for projects under construction significantly affect our revenue and operating profit, which makes the comparison of periods difficult.

The following table sets forth the principal projects that commenced operations through September 30, 2014 and those that commenced operations during the fourth quarter of 2014, including the quarter in which operations began.

 

Geography

Segment

   Asset    Business Sector    Capacity    Status    Commercial
Operation Date

North America

   Solana    Renewable energy    280 MW    Operational    4Q 2013
   Mojave    Renewable energy    280 MW    Operational    4Q 2014
   ACT    Conventional power    300 MW    Operational    2Q 2013

South America

   ATS    Electric transmission    569 miles    Operational    1Q 2014
   Quadra 1    Electric transmission    49 miles    Operational    2Q 2014
   Quadra 2    Electric transmission    38 miles    Operational    1Q 2014
   Palmatir    Renewable energy    50 MW    Operational    2Q 2014

Europe

   Solaben 2    Renewable energy    50 MW    Operational    2Q 2012
   Solaben 3    Renewable energy    50 MW    Operational    4Q 2012

In addition, on November 18, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Solacor 1/2 through a 30-year usufruct rights contract over the related shares (which includes an option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term); on December 4, 2014, we completed the acquisition of PS10/20; on December 29, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Cadonal. Solacor 1/2 has a capacity of 100 MW, PS 10/20 has a capacity of 31 MW and Cadonal has a capacity of 50 MW. Solacor 1/2 and PS 10/20 are CSP plants located in Spain and Cadonal is an on-shore wind farm located in Uruguay. These acquisitions will affect the comparability of our results.

Regulation

We operate in a significant number of regulated markets. The degree of regulation to which our activities are subject varies by country. In a number of the countries in which we operate, regulation is carried out by national regulatory authorities. In some countries, such as the United States and, to a certain degree, Spain, there are various additional layers of regulation at the state, regional and/or local levels. In such countries, the scope, nature, and extent of regulation may differ among the various states, regions and/or localities.

 

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While we believe the requisite authorizations, permits, and approvals for our existing activities have been obtained and that our activities are operated in substantial compliance with applicable laws and regulations, we remain subject to a varied and complex body of laws and regulations that both public officials and private parties may seek to enforce. See “Regulation” for a description of the primary industry-related regulations applicable to our activities in the United States and Spain and currently in force in certain of the principal markets in which we operate.

Power purchase agreements and other contracted revenue agreements

As of September 30, 2014, the average remaining life of our PPAs, concessions and contracted revenue agreements was approximately 25 years. We believe that the average life of our PPAs and contracted revenue agreements is a significant indicator of our forecasted revenue streams and the growth of our business. Contracted assets and concessions consist of long-term projects awarded to and undertaken by us (in conjunction with other companies or on an exclusive basis) typically over a term of 20 to 30 years. Upon expiration of our PPAs and contracted revenue agreements and in order to maintain and grow our business, we must obtain extensions to these agreements or secure new agreements to replace them as they expire. Under most of our PPAs and concessions, there is an established price structure that provides us with price adjustment mechanisms that partially protect us against inflation.

Tax incentives in the United States for renewable energy assets

U.S. federal, state and local governments have established several incentives and financial mechanisms to reduce the cost of renewable energy and spur the development of energy from renewable, non-carbon–based, sources. Some of the major tax incentives applied in our projects are, among others, Investment Tax Credit, Cash Grant in Lieu of ITC, Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System, or MACRS, and Loan Guarantee Program.

We do not expect Solana or Mojave to pay U.S. federal income tax for the foreseeable future due to the relevant NOLs and NOL carryfowards generated by the application of the aforementioned tax incentives established in the United States, in particular MACRS accelerated depreciation.

Tax accelerated depreciation for Spanish new assets

For investments in new material assets and investment properties used for economic activities acquired in the tax periods commencing in 2009 up to March 31, 2012, tax free depreciation is allowed. Due to this special regime, Solaben 2/3 and Solacor 1/2 do not expect to pay taxes in the following 10 years.

Specific corporate income tax rules in Mexico

Our project in Mexico, ACT, must pay Mexican corporate income tax on its business income and capital gains. The general taxable income is calculated in a similar way to the other jurisdictions in which our assets are located; however, the Mexican corporate income tax provides for specific inflationary adjustments on monetary assets and liabilities.

Notwithstanding the above, the project is not expected to pay significant income taxes until the fifth or sixth year after our IPO (which was consummated in June 2014) due to the NOL carryforwards generated during the construction phase.

Capital expenditures

We finance our contracted assets primarily through Non-Recourse Debt issued by a financial institution. Consequently, a significant part of our business is capital-intensive and our assets are highly leveraged. See “—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital expenditures.”

 

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Interest rates

We incur significant indebtedness at the corporate level and in our assets. The interest rate risk arises mainly from indebtedness with variable interest rates. In November 2014, we incurred significant indebtedness at the corporate level through the issuance of the 2019 Notes, which have an interest rate of 7.000%. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness—2019 Notes.” We have also entered into the Credit Facility under which loans accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to: (A) for Eurodollar rate loans, LIBOR plus 2.75% and (B) for base rate loans, the highest of (i) the rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the rates on overnight U.S. Federal funds transactions with members of the U.S. Federal Reserve System arranged by U.S. Federal funds brokers on such day plus 1/2 of 1.00%, (ii) the U.S. prime rate and (iii) LIBOR plus 1.00%, in any case, plus 1.75%. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness—Credit Facility.” To mitigate the interest rate risk, we primarily use long-term interest rate swaps and interest rate options which, in exchange for a fee, offer protection against a rise in interest rates. We estimate that currently over 90% of our interest cost exposure is covered. Nevertheless, our results of operations can be affected by changes in interest rates with respect to the unhedged portion of our indebtedness that bears interest at floating rates, which typically bears a spread over EURIBOR or LIBOR.

Exchange rates

Our functional currency is the U.S. dollar, as most of our revenues and expenses are denominated or linked to U.S. dollars. All our companies located in North America and South America have their PPAs, or concessional agreements, and financing contracts signed in, or indexed to, U.S. dollars, and report their individual financial statements in U.S. dollars. Our CSP plants in Spain, Solaben 2/3, Solacor 1/2 and PS10/20, have their revenues and expenses denominated in euros.

Fluctuations in the value of foreign currencies (the euro) in relation to the U.S. dollar may affect our operating results. Impacts associated with fluctuations in foreign currency are discussed in more detail under “—Quantitative and qualitative disclosure about market risk—Foreign exchange rate risk.” In subsidiaries with functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using end-of-period exchange rates; revenue, expenses and cash flows are translated using average rates of exchange. The following table illustrates the average rates of exchange used in the case of euros:

 

     U.S. dollar
average per euro
 

Nine-month period ended September 30, 2014

   $ 1.3532   

Nine-month period ended September 30, 2013

   $ 1.3170   

Year ended December 31, 2013

   $ 1.3277   

Year ended December 31, 2012

   $ 1.2857   

Apart from the impact of translation differences described above, the exposure of our income statement to fluctuations of foreign currencies is limited, as the financing of projects is typically denominated in the same currency as that of the contracted revenue agreement. This policy seeks to ensure that the main revenue and expenses in foreign companies are denominated in the same currency, limiting our risk of foreign exchange differences in our financial results.

In our discussion of operating results, we have included foreign exchange impacts in our revenue by providing constant currency revenue growth. The constant currency presentation is a non-IFRS financial measure, which excludes the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. We believe providing constant currency information provides valuable supplemental information regarding our results of operations. We calculate constant currency amounts by converting our current period local currency revenue using the prior period foreign currency average exchange rates and comparing these adjusted amounts to our prior period reported results. This calculation may differ from similarly titled measures used by others and, accordingly, the constant currency presentation is not meant to substitute for recorded amounts presented in conformity with IFRS nor should such amounts be considered in isolation.

 

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Key Performance Indicators

In addition to the factors described above, we closely monitor the following key drivers of our business sectors’ performance to plan for our needs, and to adjust our expectations, financial budgets and forecasts appropriately.

 

     As of and for the nine-month period
ended September 30,
    As of and for the year ended
December 31,
 

Key performance indicator

       2014             2013                 2013                     2012          

Renewable energy

        

MW in operation

     430        100        380        100   

GWh produced

     718        167        280        75   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Conventional power

        

MW in operation

     300        300        300        —     

GWh produced

     1,845        1,134        1,849        —     

Availability (%)

     102.4     96.2     97.0     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Electric transmission lines

        

Miles in operation

     1,018        368        368        368   

Availability (%)

     99.2     99.6     99.6     99.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Results of Operations

The table below illustrates our results of operations for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, as well as for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.

 

     Nine-month period
ended September 30,
    Year ended December 31,  
           2014                 2013               2013             2012      
     $ in millions  
     (unaudited)              

Revenue

     269.3        154.0        210.9        107.2   

Other operating income

     69.2        303.1        379.6        560.4   

Raw materials and consumables used

     (15.4     (4.2     (8.7     (4.3

Employee benefit expenses

     (1.9     (2.4     (2.4     (1.8

Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges

     (86.9     (25.7     (46.9     (20.2

Other operating expenses

     (99.4     (339.1     (420.9     (573.6
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating profit/(loss)

     134.9        85.7        111.6        67.7   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial income

     3.2        0.7        1.2        0.7   

Financial expense

     (151.6     (76.5     (123.8     (64.1

Net exchange differences

     3.4        (0.3     (0.9     0.4   

Other financial income/(expense), net

     2.4        (0.5     (1.7     (0.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial expense, net

     (142.6     (76.6     (125.2     (63.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method

     (0.6     0.2        —         (0.4
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) before income tax

     (8.3     9.3        (13.6     4.1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income tax benefit/(expense)

     (4.1     14.4        11.8        (4.0
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the period

     (12.4     23.7        (1.8     0.1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interests

     (1.5     (2.0     (1.6     1.2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company

     (13.8     21.7        (3.4     1.3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Comparison of the Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2014 and 2013

Revenues

Revenues increased by 74.9% to $269.3 million in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $154.0 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. The increase is largely attributable to the commencement of operations of Solana in the last quarter of 2013 and to the entry into operation of ATS in the first quarter of 2014. The increase was also due to the entry into operation of ACT in the second quarter of 2013, Quadra 1 and 2 in the first and second quarters of 2014 and Palmatir in the second quarter of 2014. This resulted in a net electricity production of 2,563 GWh and 1,018 miles of transmission lines in operation for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with 1,301 GWh produced and 368 miles of transmission lines in operation during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013.

Other operating income

The following table sets forth our other operating income for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013:

 

     Nine-month period
ended September 30,
 

Other operating income

       2014              2013      
     $ in millions  
     (unaudited)  

Grants

     25.6         —     

Income from various services

     5.0         2.4   

Income from subcontracted construction services for our assets and concessions

     38.6         300.7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     69.2         303.1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other operating income decreased by 77.2% to $69.2 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $303.1 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. As certain assets owned by us were under construction and subcontracted to related parties during 2013 and 2014, we were required to account for income from construction services as “other operating income” in accordance with IFRIC 12. The corresponding costs of construction were recorded within “Other operating expenses.” This income decreased by 87.2% to $38.6 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $300.7 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. These amounts reflect the construction progress of the assets and concessions during the first nine months of 2014 and 2013. The decrease was primarily due to the completion of construction of ATS, ACT, Quadra 1, Quadra 2 and Palmatir. We do not expect to have significant other operating income from construction activities in future periods. In addition, the increase in grants is related to the financial support provided by the U.S. Treasury to Solana. An ITC cash grant was received in March 2014 and is being recorded in “Other operating income” progressively over the useful life of the asset.

Raw materials and consumables used

Raw materials and consumables used increased by $11.2 million to $15.4 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $4.2 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013, primarily due to the commencement of operations of Solana in the last quarter of 2013.

Employee benefits expenses

Employee benefit expenses decreased by 20.8% to $1.9 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $2.4 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. These expenses were primarily attributable to ATN whose employees were transferred to an entity excluded from the perimeter of Abengoa Yield in April 2014.

 

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Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges

Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges increased by 238.1% to $86.9 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $25.7 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. The net change was due to the increase in depreciation and amortization resulting from the commencement of operations of Solana and ATS, given that depreciation and amortization are recorded from the commencement of operations of the contracted assets.

Other operating expenses

The following table sets forth our other operating expenses for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013:

 

     Nine-month period ended September 30,  

Other operating expenses

   2014     2013  
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 
     (unaudited)  

Leases and fees

     1.4         0.5     0.9         0.6

Repairs and maintenance

     7.2         2.7     3.5         2.3

Independent professional services (1)

     20.2         7.5     17.9         11.6

Transportation

     0.1         0.0     0.2         0.1

Supplies

     5.4         2.0     1.2         0.8

Other external services

     7.7         2.9     3.7         2.4

Levies and duties

     10.7         4.0     4.9         3.2

Other expenses

     8.1         3.0     6.1         4.0

Construction costs

     38.6         14.3     300.7         195.3
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     99.4         36.9     339.1         220.3
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Includes approximately $2.9 million in the first nine months of 2014 and $2.6 million in the first nine months of 2013 of allocated costs and expenses for general and administrative services provided by Abengoa.

Other operating expenses decreased by 70.7% to $99.4 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $339.1 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. This was primarily due to the decrease in construction costs by 87.2% to $38.6 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 compared with $300.7 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. This decrease, due to the completion of construction of ATS, ACT, Quadra 1, Quadra 2 and Palmatir, was partially offset by increases in repairs and maintenance and supplies as well as an increase in levies and duties, primarily related to the commencement of operations of Solana in the last quarter at 2013.

Operating profit/(loss)

As a result of the above factors, operating profit increased by 57.4% to $134.9 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $85.7 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013.

 

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Financial expense

The following table sets forth our financial expense for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013:

 

     Nine-month period
ended September 30,
 

Financial expense

         2014                 2013        
     $ in millions  
     (unaudited)  

Expenses due to interest:

    

Loans from credit entities

     (83.8     (50.7

Other debts

     (44.6     (3.2

Interest rates losses derivatives: cash flow hedges

     (23.2     (22.6

Total

     (151.6     (76.5
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial expense increased by 98.2% to $151.6 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $76.5 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. This increase was largely attributable to interest expenses from Solana and, to a lower extent, from ATS, which entered into operation during the last quarter of 2013 and first quarter of 2014, respectively. Interest is capitalized for our intangible concessional assets during the construction period and begins to be expensed upon commercial operation. Interest on other debts correspond to interest on ATS and ATN bonds and interest on debt with related parties, which was capitalized in its majority before our IPO. Interest on interest-rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges of $23.2 million in 2014 was due to transfers from equity to financial expense in accordance with our cash flow hedge accounting policy mainly related to ACT and Solaben 2/3.

Net exchange differences

Net exchange differences increased to an income of $3.4 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with a loss of $0.3 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. Positive exchange differences were primarily due to the depreciation of a euro denominated debt with Cofides in ATS. This debt was repaid in October, as a result we do not expect significant exchange rate differences in the future.

Financial expense, net

Net financial expense increased by 86.2% to $142.6 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $76.6 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. This increase was primarily attributable to the aforementioned change in financial expense.

Profit/(loss) before income tax

As a result of the above factors, we reported a loss before income taxes amounting to $8.3 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with a profit of $9.3 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013.

Income tax benefit/(expense)

Income tax expense amounted to $4.1 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with an income tax benefit of $14.4 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. Our effective tax rate differs from the average nominal tax rate mainly due to permanent differences and treatment of tax credits in some jurisdictions.

 

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Loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interests

Results attributable to non-controlling interests, corresponding mainly to the results from Solaben 2/3, remained fairly stable, from a $2.0 million profit in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013 to a $1.5 million profit in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014.

Profit/(loss) attributable to the parent company

As a result of the above factors, loss attributable to the parent company amounted to $13.8 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with a profit attributable to the parent company of $21.7 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013.

Total comprehensive income/(loss)

Total comprehensive loss attributable to the parent company was $90.8 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 compared with an income of $76.8 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013, mainly due to the increase in loss for the period and to the change in fair value of cash flow hedges, corresponding to interest rate derivatives.

Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

Revenues

Revenues increased by 96.8% to $210.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $107.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. On a constant currency basis, revenue for the year ended December 31, 2013 would have been $208.2 million, representing an increase of $101.0 million, or 94.2%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2012. The increase is largely attributable to the commencement of operations of ACT and Solana in the first quarter and the last quarter of 2013, respectively, and a full year of operations of Solaben 2/3, as they commenced operations during 2012. This resulted in net electricity production of 2,129 GWh for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared with 75 GWh produced during the year ended December 31, 2012.

Other operating income

The following table sets forth our other operating income for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  

Other operating income

         2013                  2012        
     $ in millions  

Grants

     10.1         —     

Income from various services

     4.8         1.8   

Income from subcontracted construction services for our assets and concessions

     364.7         558.6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     379.6         560.4   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other operating income decreased by 32.3% to $379.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $560.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. As certain assets owned by us were under construction and subcontracted to related parties during 2013 and 2012, we were required to account for income from construction services as “Other operating income” in accordance with IFRIC 12. The corresponding costs of construction were recorded within “Other operating expenses.” This income decreased by 34.7% to $364.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared with $558.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. These amounts reflect the construction progress of the assets and concessions during 2013 and 2012. The decrease was primarily due to the completion of construction of ACT. We do not expect to have

 

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significant other operating income from construction activities in future periods. The increase in grants is related to the financial support provided by the U.S. Treasury to Solana.

Raw materials and consumables used

Raw materials and consumables used increased by 102.3% to $8.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $4.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. This was primarily due to the commencement of operations of ACT and Solana in the first and last quarters of 2013, respectively, and a full year of operation of Solaben 2/3, as they commenced operations during 2012.

Employee benefits expenses

Employee benefit expenses increased by 33.3% to $2.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $1.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. This was attributable in full to an increase in the number of employees at ATN.

Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges

Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges increased by 132.2% to $46.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $20.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. The net change was due to the increase in depreciation and amortization, due to the commencement of operations of Solana and a full year of operation of Solaben 2/3.

Other operating expenses

The following table sets forth our other operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

     Year ended December 31,  

Other operating expenses

   2013     2012  
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 

Leases and fees

     1.8         0.9     0.4         0.4

Repairs and maintenance

     12.8         6.0     0.9         0.8

Independent professional services (1)

     22.6         10.7     9.6         9.0

Transportation

     0.4         0.2     0.3         0.3

Supplies

     3.3         1.6     0.7         0.7

Other external services

     5.5         2.5     1.8         1.6

Levies and duties

     6.6         3.1     0.4         0.4

Other expenses

     3.2         1.5     0.9         0.9

Construction costs

     364.7         172.9     558.5         521.2
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     420.9         199.6     573.6         535.1
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Includes approximately $3.5 million in 2013 and $2.0 million in 2012 of allocated costs and expenses for general and administrative services provided by Abengoa.

Other operating expenses decreased by 26.6% to $420.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $573.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. This was primarily due to the decrease of construction costs by 34.7% to $364.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared with $558.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. This decrease, due to the completion of construction of ACT, was partially offset by increases in repairs and maintenance and independent professional services related to the commencement of operations of ACT and Solana in the first quarter and the last quarter of 2013

 

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respectively, a full year of operation of Solaben 2/3, as well as an increase in levies and duties in the Spanish plants due primarily to the existing levy on revenues from power generation.

Operating profit/(loss)

As a result of the above factors, operating profit increased by 64.7% to $111.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $67.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. This increase was primarily attributable to the commencement of operations of several projects (ACT and Solana in the first quarter and the last quarter of 2013, respectively) and a full year of operation of Solaben 2/3.

Financial expense

The following table sets forth our financial expense for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

     Year ended December 31,  

Financial expense

         2013                  2012        
     $ in millions  

Expenses due to interest:

     

Loans from credit entities

     78.6         53.6   

Other debts

     17.2         4.5   

Interest rates losses derivatives: cash flow hedges

     28.0         6.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     123.8         64.1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Financial expenses increased by 93.2% to $123.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $64.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. This increase was primarily attributable to interest expenses from loans and credits associated with Solana, which entered into operation during the last quarter of 2013 and Solaben 2/3, which entered into operation during the second and fourth quarters of 2012, respectively. Losses from interest-rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges of $28 million in 2013 were due to transfers from equity to financial expense in accordance with our cash flow hedge accounting policy and to a one-time loss of $9 million resulting from the transfer to the income statement of all of the accumulated amount in equity as the hedged financing agreement of ATN was cancelled and replaced.

Financial expense, net

Net financial expense increased by 98.1% to $125.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $63.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. This increase was primarily attributable to the aforementioned change in financial expense.

Profit/(loss) before income tax

As a result of the above factors, loss before income taxes amounted to $13.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with a profit of $4.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012.

Income tax

Income tax benefit increased to $11.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with an income tax expense of $4.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. Our effective tax rate differs from the average nominal tax rate mainly due to tax incentives in some jurisdictions and to permanent differences in Mexico, resulting from the application of local tax regulation in Mexico.

 

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Loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interests

Profit attributable to non-controlling interests amounted to $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with a loss attributable to non-controlling interests of $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. This amount was primarily attributable to our minority shareholders in Solaben 2/3.

Profit/(loss) attributable to the parent company

As a result of the above factors, loss attributable to the parent company amounted to $3.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with a profit attributable to the parent company of $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2012.

Total comprehensive income/(loss)

Total comprehensive income attributable to the combined group increased to $69.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with a loss of $17.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, mainly due to the change in fair value of cash flow hedges, corresponding to interest rate derivatives.

Segment Reporting

We organize our business into the following three geographies where the contracted assets and concessions are located:

 

   

North America;

 

   

South America; and

 

   

Europe.

In addition, we have identified the following business sectors based on the type of activity:

 

   

Renewable Energy, which includes our activities related to the production electricity from concentrating solar power and wind plants;

 

   

Conventional Power, which includes our activities related to the production of electricity and steam from natural gas; and

 

   

Electric Transmission, which includes our activities related to the operation of electric transmission lines.

As a result we report our results in accordance with both criteria.

Comparison of the Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2014 and 2013

Revenue and Further Adjusted EBITDA by geography

The following table sets forth our revenue, Further Adjusted EBITDA and volumes for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, by geographic region:

 

     Nine-month period ended September 30,  

Revenue by geography

   2014     2013  
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 
     (unaudited)  

North America

     146.9         54.6     75.2         48.8

South America

     60.6         22.5     17.5         11.4

Europe

     61.8         22.9     61.3         39.8
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenue

     269.3         100.0     154.0         100.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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     Nine-month period ended September 30,  

Further Adjusted EBITDA by geography

   2014     2013  
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 
     (unaudited)  

North America

     132.7         90.3     61.7         82.0

South America

     53.8         88.8     12.0         68.6

Europe

     39.9         64.6     37.7         61.5
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA (1)

     226.4         84.1     111.4         72.3
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Further Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company, after adding back loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interest from continued operations, income tax expense/(benefit), share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method, finance expense net, depreciation, amortization and impairment charges of entities included in the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and the Annual Combined Financial Statements, and dividends received from our preferred equity investment in ACBH. Further Adjusted EBITDA for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 includes preferred dividends by ACBH for the first time during the third quarter of 2014. Further Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of performance under IFRS as issued by the IASB and you should not consider Further Adjusted EBITDA as an alternative to operating income or profits or as a measure of our operating performance, cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities or as a measure of our ability to meet our cash needs or any other measures of performance under generally accepted accounting principles. We believe that Further Adjusted EBITDA is a useful indicator of our ability to incur and service our indebtedness and can assist securities analysts, investors and other parties to evaluate us. Further Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are used by different companies for different purposes and are often calculated in ways that reflect the circumstances of those companies. Further Adjusted EBITDA may not be indicative of our historical operating results, nor is it meant to be predictive of potential future results. See “Presentation of Financial Information—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

 

     Volume sold  
     Nine-month period
ended September 30,
 

Volume by geography

         2014                  2013        

North America (GWh)

     2,337         1,134   

South America (miles in operation)

     1,018         368   

South America (GWh)

     67         —     

Europe (GWh)

     159         167   

North America . Revenues increased by 95.3% to $146.9 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $75.2 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. The increase was primarily due to the commencement of operations of Solana in the last quarter of 2013 and, to a lesser extent, of ACT in the second quarter of 2013. As a result, Further Adjusted EBITDA increased to $132.7 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 compared with $61.7 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. Further Adjusted EBITDA margin has increased as a result of the projects that have entered into operation.

South America . Revenue increased by $43.1 million to $60.6 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $17.5 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. The increase was mostly attributable to the commencement of operations of ATS in the first quarter of 2014 and, to a lesser extent, of Palmatir in the second quarter at 2014. Thus, Further Adjusted EBITDA amounted to $53.8 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, which represents an increase of $41.8 million as compared with the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. Further Adjusted EBITDA margin has increased as a result of higher margins in the projects that have entered into operation and dividends received from our preferred equity investment in ACBH.

Europe . Revenue increased from $61.3 million in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013 to $61.8 million in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, which represented a 0.8% increase period-to-period. Further Adjusted EBITDA amounted to $39.9 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $37.7 million for the same period in 2013.

 

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Revenue and Further Adjusted EBITDA by business sector

The following table sets forth our revenue, Further Adjusted EBITDA and volumes for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 by business sector:

 

     Nine-month period ended September 30,  

Revenue by business sector

   2014     2013  
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 
     (unaudited)  

Renewable Energy

     129.9         48.3     61.3         39.8

Conventional Power

     85.2         31.6     75.2         48.8

Electric Transmission

     54.2         20.1     17.5         11.4
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenue

     269.3         100.0     154.0         100.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     Nine-month period ended September 30,  

Further Adjusted EBITDA by business sector

   2014     2013  
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 
     (unaudited)  

Renewable energy

     104.6         80.5     37.4         61.0

Conventional power

     73.4         86.2     61.7         82.0

Electric transmission lines

     48.4         89.3     12.3         70.3
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA (1)

     226.4         84.1     111.4         72.3
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Further Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company, after adding back loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interest from continued operations, income tax expense/(benefit), share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method, finance expense net, depreciation, amortization and impairment charges of entities included in the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and the Annual Combined Financial Statements, and dividends received from our preferred equity investment in ACBH. Further Adjusted EBITDA for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 includes preferred dividends by ACBH for the first time during the third quarter of 2014. Further Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of performance under IFRS as issued by the IASB and you should not consider Further Adjusted EBITDA as an alternative to operating income or profits or as a measure of our operating performance, cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities or as a measure of our ability to meet our cash needs or any other measures of performance under generally accepted accounting principles. We believe that Further Adjusted EBITDA is a useful indicator of our ability to incur and service our indebtedness and can assist securities analysts, investors and other parties to evaluate us. Further Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are used by different companies for different purposes and are often calculated in ways that reflect the circumstances of those companies. Further Adjusted EBITDA may not be indicative of our historical operating results, nor is it meant to be predictive of potential future results. See “Presentation of Financial Information—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

 

     Volume sold  
     Nine-month period
ended September 30,
 

Volume by business sector

     2014          2013    

Renewable Energy (GWh)

     718         167   

Conventional power (GWh)

     1,845         1,134   

Electric transmission (miles in operation)

     1,018         368   

Renewable energy . Revenue increased by 111.9% to $129.9 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $61.3 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. The increase was mainly attributable to the commencement of operations of Solana in the last quarter of 2013. As a consequence, the average capacity in terms of installed MW available throughout the period increased by 280 MW. Palmatir also entered into operation in late May 2014, driving total capacity to 430 MW as of September 30, 2014. This resulted in a net electricity production of 718 GWh for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 compared with 167 GWh produced during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. Further Adjusted EBITDA amounted to $104.6 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014,

 

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which represented an increase of $67.2 million with respect to the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013, mainly due to the effect of Solana entering into operation. Further Adjusted EBITDA margin has increased as a result of the projects that have entered into operation.

Conventional power . Revenue increased by 13.3% to $85.2 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $75.2 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. The increase was due to the commencement of operations of ACT during the second quarter of 2013. This resulted in net electricity production of 1,845 GWh for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 compared to 1,134 GWh for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. As a consequence, Further Adjusted EBITDA increased to $73.4 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, from $61.7 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013.

Electric transmission lines . Revenue increased by 209.7% to $54.2 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, compared with $17.5 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. The increase was mostly attributable to the commencement of operations of ATS in the first quarter of 2014. Thus, Further Adjusted EBITDA amounted to $48.4 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, an increase of $36.1 million compared with the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. Further Adjusted EBITDA margin has increased as a result of higher margins in the projects that have entered into operation and dividends received from our preferred equity investment in ACBH.

Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

Revenue and Further Adjusted EBITDA by geography

The following table sets forth our revenue, Further Adjusted EBITDA and volumes for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, by geographic region:

 

     Year ended December 31,  

Revenue by geography

   2013     2012  
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 

North America

     114.0         54.1     62.3         58.1

South America

     25.4         12.0     17.0         15.9

Europe

     71.5         33.9     27.9         26.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenue

     210.9         100.0     107.2         100.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     Year ended December 31,  

Further Adjusted EBITDA by geography

   2013     2012  
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 

North America

     96.7         84.8     61.1         98.1

South America

     19.0         74.8     10.2         60.0

Europe

     42.8         59.9     16.6         59.9
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA (1)

     158.5         75.2     87.9         82.1
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Further Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company, after adding back loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interest from continued operations, income tax expense/(benefit), share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method, finance expense net, depreciation, amortization and impairment charges of entities included in the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and the Annual Combined Financial Statements, and dividends received from our preferred equity investment in ACBH. Further Adjusted EBITDA for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 includes preferred dividends by ACBH for the first time during the third quarter of 2014. Further Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of performance under IFRS as issued by the IASB and you should not consider Further Adjusted EBITDA as an alternative to operating income or profits or as a measure of our operating performance, cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities or as a

 

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measure of our ability to meet our cash needs or any other measures of performance under generally accepted accounting principles. We believe that Further Adjusted EBITDA is a useful indicator of our ability to incur and service our indebtedness and can assist securities analysts, investors and other parties to evaluate us. Further Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are used by different companies for different purposes and are often calculated in ways that reflect the circumstances of those companies. Further Adjusted EBITDA may not be indicative of our historical operating results, nor is it meant to be predictive of potential future results. See “Presentation of Financial Information—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

 

     Volume sold  
     Year ended December 31,  

Volume by geography

       2013              2012      

North America (GWh)

     1,938         —     

South America (miles in operation)

     368         368   

Europe (GWh)

     191         75   

North America .  Revenues increased to $114.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $62.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. The increase was due to the commencement of operations of ACT and Solana in the first quarter of 2013 and in the last quarter of 2013 respectively. As a result, Further Adjusted EBITDA increased to $96.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $61.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012.

South America .  Revenue increased by 49.4% to $25.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $17.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. On a constant currency basis, revenue for the year ended December 31, 2013 would have been $25.5 million, representing an increase of $8.5 million, or 50.0%, compared with the same period of the previous year. The increase is mostly attributable to the higher level of availability of ATN in 2013 compared with 2012 and to revenues from Quadra 1 and Quadra 2 electric transmission lines. Thus, Further Adjusted EBITDA amounted to $19.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, which represents an increase of $8.8 million with respect to the year ended December 31, 2012.

Europe .  Revenue increased by 156.3% to $71.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $27.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. On a constant currency basis, revenue for the year ended December 31, 2013 would have been $68.7 million, representing an increase of $40.8 million, or 146%, compared with the same period of the previous year. The increase is mainly attributable to Solaben 2/3, which entered into operation during 2012. As a result, Further Adjusted EBITDA increased to $42.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $16.6 million for the same period in 2012.

Revenue and Further Adjusted EBITDA by business sector

The following table sets forth our revenue, Further Adjusted EBITDA and volumes for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 by type of business sector:

 

     Year ended December 31,  

Revenue by business sector

   2013     2012  
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 

Renewable Energy

     82.7         39.2     27.9         26.0

Conventional Power

     102.8         48.7     62.3         58.1

Electric Transmission

     25.4         12.1     17.0         15.9
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenue

     210.9         100.0     107.2         100.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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     Year ended December 31,  

Further Adjusted EBITDA by business sector

   2013     2012  
     $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
    $ in
millions
     % of
revenue
 

Renewable Energy

     55.8         67.5     16.1         57.7

Conventional Power

     83.3         81.0     61.0         98.1

Electric Transmission

     19.4         76.4     10.8         63.5
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Further Adjusted EBITDA (1)

     158.5         75.2     87.9         82.1
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Further Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the parent company, after adding back loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interest from continued operations, income tax expense/(benefit), share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method, finance expense net, depreciation, amortization and impairment charges of entities included in the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements and the Annual Combined Financial Statements, and dividends received from our preferred equity investment in ACBH. Further Adjusted EBITDA for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 includes preferred dividends by ACBH for the first time during the third quarter of 2014. Further Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of performance under IFRS as issued by the IASB and you should not consider Further Adjusted EBITDA as an alternative to operating income or profits or as a measure of our operating performance, cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities or as a measure of our ability to meet our cash needs or any other measures of performance under generally accepted accounting principles. We believe that Further Adjusted EBITDA is a useful indicator of our ability to incur and service our indebtedness and can assist securities analysts, investors and other parties to evaluate us. Further Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are used by different companies for different purposes and are often calculated in ways that reflect the circumstances of those companies. Further Adjusted EBITDA may not be indicative of our historical operating results, nor is it meant to be predictive of potential future results. See “Presentation of Financial Information—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

 

     Volume sold  
     Year ended December 31,  

Volume by business sector

       2013              2012      

Renewable Energy (GWh)

     280         75   

Conventional Power (GWh)

     1,849         —     

Electric Transmission (miles in operation)

     368         368   

Renewable energy .  Revenue increased by 196% to $82.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $27.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. On a constant currency basis, revenue for the year ended December 31, 2013 would have been $79.9 million, representing an increase of $52.0 million, or 186%, compared with the same period of the previous year. The increase was mainly attributable to the larger contribution from Solaben 2/3 that entered into operation during 2012 and the commencement of operations in the last quarter of 2013 of Solana. As a consequence, the average capacity in terms of installed MW available throughout the period increased by 280 MW. This resulted in a net electricity production of 280 GWh for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with 75 GWh produced during the year ended December 31, 2012. Thus, Further Adjusted EBITDA reached $55.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, which represented an increase of $39.7 million with respect to the year ended December 31, 2012.

Conventional power . Revenue increased to $102.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $62.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. The increase was due to the commencement of operations of ACT in the first quarter of 2013. This resulted in net electricity production of 1,849 GWh for the year ended December 31, 2013. As a consequence, Further Adjusted EBITDA increased to $83.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, from $61.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012.

Electric transmission lines . Revenue increased to $25.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared with $17.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. On a constant currency basis, revenue for the year ended December 31, 2013 would have been $25.5 million, representing an increase of $8.5 million, or 50.0%, compared with the same period of the previous year. The increase was mostly attributable to the higher level of availability of ATN in 2013 compared with 2012 and to revenues from Quadra 1 and Quadra 2 electric transmission lines. Thus, Further Adjusted EBITDA amounted to $19.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, an increase of $8.6 million compared with the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

The liquidity and capital resources discussion which follows contains certain estimates as of the date of this prospectus of our sources and uses of liquidity (including estimated future capital resources and capital expenditures) and future financial and operating results. These estimates, while presented with numerical specificity, necessarily reflect numerous estimates and assumptions made by us with respect to industry performance, general business, economic, regulatory, market and financial conditions and other future events, as well as matters specific to our businesses, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict and many of which are beyond our control. These estimates reflect subjective judgment in many respects and thus are susceptible to multiple interpretations and periodic revisions based on actual experience and business, economic, regulatory, financial and other developments. As such, these estimates constitute forward-looking information and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual sources and uses of liquidity (including estimated future capital resources and capital expenditures) and financial and operating results to differ materially from the estimates made here, including, but not limited to, our performance, industry performance, general business and economic conditions, customer requirements, competition, adverse changes in applicable laws, regulations or rules, and the various risks set forth in this prospectus. See “Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

In addition, these estimates reflect assumptions of our management as of the time that they were prepared as to certain business decisions that were and are subject to change. These estimates also may be affected by our ability to achieve strategic goals, objectives and targets over the applicable periods. The estimates cannot, therefore, be considered a guarantee of future sources and uses of liquidity (including estimated future capital resources and capital expenditures) and future financial and operating results, and the information should not be relied on as such. Without disclaiming responsibility to have a reasonable basis for the pro forma financial information included in this prospectus, none of us, our board of directors, the underwriters or any of our or their respective advisors or representatives or any of our or their respective affiliates, assumes any responsibility for the validity, accuracy or completeness of such information. None of us, our board of directors, the underwriters or our or their respective affiliates, advisors, officers, directors or representatives intends to, and each of them disclaims any obligation to, update, revise, or correct these estimates, except as otherwise required by law, including if the estimates are or become inaccurate (even in the short term).

The inclusion in this prospectus of these estimates should not be deemed an admission or representation by us, our board of directors, the underwriters or our or their respective affiliates that such information is viewed by us, our board of directors, the underwriters or our or their respective affiliates as material information of ours. Such information should be evaluated, if at all, in conjunction with the historical financial statements and other information regarding Abengoa Yield contained in this prospectus. None of us, our board of directors, the underwriters or our or their respective affiliates, advisors, officers, directors or representatives has made or makes any representation to any prospective investor or other person regarding our ultimate performance compared to the information contained in these estimates or that forecasted results will be achieved. In light of the foregoing factors and the uncertainties inherent in the information provided above, investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these estimates. Our liquidity plans are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, some of which are outside of our control. Macroeconomic conditions could limit our ability to successfully execute our business plans and, therefore, adversely affect our liquidity plans. See “Risk Factors.”

Our principal liquidity requirements are to service our debt, pay cash dividends to investors and acquire new companies and operations. Historically, our predecessor operations were largely financed by internally generated cash flows as well as corporate and/or project-level borrowings to satisfy capital expenditure requirements. As a normal part of our business, depending on market conditions, we will from time to time consider opportunities to repay, redeem, repurchase or refinance our indebtedness. In addition, during the fourth quarter of 2014, we issued the 2019 Notes and entered into the Credit Facility. Changes in our operating plans, lower than anticipated sales, increased expenses, acquisitions or other events may cause us to seek additional debt or equity financing in future periods. There can be no guarantee that financing will be available on acceptable terms or at all. Debt financing, if available, could impose additional cash payment obligations and additional covenants and operating restrictions. In addition, any of the items discussed in detail under “Risk Factors” in this prospectus and other factors may also significantly impact our liquidity.

 

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Our principal liquidity and capital requirements consist of the following:

 

   

debt service requirements on our existing and future debt;

 

   

cash dividends to investors; and

 

   

acquisitions of new companies and operations (see “Business—Our Growth Strategy”).

Liquidity position

As of September 30, 2014, our cash and cash equivalents at the project company level were $178.9 million as compared with $357.7 million as of December 31, 2013. In addition, we had a cash position of $86.2 million at the Abengoa Yield plc level as of September 30, 2014. This amount already reflects that approximately $35 million was used to purchase Cofides’ stake in ATS (see note 20 to our Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements).

On November 17, 2014 we issued the 2019 Notes in an aggregate principal amount of $255 million. The 2019 Notes accrue annual interest of 7.000% payable semi-annually beginning on May 15, 2015 until their maturity date of November 15, 2019. In the event that we do not obtain a public credit rating for the 2019 Notes from each of S&P and Moody’s prior to November 15, 2015, the interest rate per annum accruing on the 2019 Notes will increase by 0.75%, to 7.750%, on and after November 15, 2015 until the date on which we have obtained a public credit rating for the 2019 Notes from each of S&P and Moody’s.

On December 3, 2014, we entered into the Credit Facility in the total amount of up to $125 million. On December 22, 2014, we drewdown $125 million under the Credit Facility and we used the proceeds thereunder to finance the acquisition of Cadonal and for general corporate purposes. Loans under the Credit Facility accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to: (A) for Eurodollar rate loans, LIBOR plus 2.75% and (B) for base rate loans, the highest of (i) the rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the rates on overnight U.S. Federal funds transactions with members of the U.S. Federal Reserve System arranged by U.S. Federal funds brokers on such day plus 1/2 of 1.00%, (ii) the U.S. prime rate and (iii) LIBOR plus 1.00%, in any case, plus 1.75%. Loans under the Credit Facility will mature on the fourth anniversary of the closing date of the Credit Facility. Loans prepaid by us under the Credit Facility may be reborrowed. The Credit Facility is secured by pledges of the shares of the guarantors which we own. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness—Credit Facility.”

The proceeds of the 2019 Notes were used, together with a portion of the proceeds of the Credit Facility, to finance in part the acquisition of assets from Abengoa. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness—2019 Notes” and “Description of Certain Indebtedness—Credit Facility.”

Sources of liquidity

We expect our ongoing sources of liquidity to include cash on hand, cash generated from our operations, non-recourse project financing arrangements, corporate debt and the issuance of additional equity securities, as appropriate, given market conditions. Any issuance of equity securities would require waivers in some of our project-level financings if it results in Abengoa becoming a minority shareholder. Our financing agreements consist mainly of the project-level financings for our various assets, the 2019 Notes and the Credit Facility.

Our ability to meet our debt service obligations and other capital requirements, including capital expenditures, as well as acquisitions, will depend on our future operating performance which, in turn, will be subject to general economic, financial, business, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other conditions, many of which are beyond our control.

Furthermore, on June 13, 2014, we entered into a Financial Support Agreement under which Abengoa has agreed to facilitate a new $50 million revolving credit line and maintain any guarantees and letters of credit that

 

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have been provided by it on behalf of or for the benefit of us and our affiliates for a period of five years. As of the date of this prospectus, the total amount of the credit line remained undrawn.

We believe that our existing liquidity position and cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet our requirements and commitments for the next 12 months, to finance growth and to distribute dividends to our investors. Based on our current level of operations, we believe our cash flow from operations, available cash and available borrowings under our financing agreements will be adequate to meet our future liquidity needs for at least the next twelve months.

Debt service

Principal payments on debt as of December 31, 2013 are due in the following periods:

 

Repayment schedule

by geography (1)

   Total      Up to one year      Between one and
three years
     Between three and
five years
     Subsequent
years
 
$ in millions       

North America

     1,842.9         18.5         174.3         88.9         1,561.2   

South America

     605.3         18.2         44.6         303.6         238.9   

Europe

     446.4         15.6         34.6         40.2         356.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     2,894.6         52.3         253.5         432.7         2,156.1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

Repayment schedule

by business sector (1)

   Total      Up to one year      Between one and
three years
     Between three and
five years
     Subsequent
years
 
$ in millions       

Renewable Energy

     1,667.2         18.3         60.1         72.9         1,515.9   

Conventional Power

     729.3         18.5         156.6         64.1         490.1   

Electric Transmission

     498.1         15.5         36.8         295.7         150.1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     2,894.6         52.3         253.5         432.7         2,156.1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Does not include the debt under our recently issued 2019 Notes and the Credit Facility.

The debt maturities relate to non-recourse financing that will be repaid with cash flows generated from the projects in respect of which that financing was incurred.

Capital expenditures

Our capital spending program is currently limited to pending engineering and construction invoices related to the Mojave project, which reached COD on December 1, 2014. As of September 30, 2014, to finance our capital expenditures plan, we have secured all the required commitments with Non-Recourse Debt and equity contributed to us as part of the transfer by Abengoa to us of certain assets at the time of our IPO.

Cash dividends to investors

We intend to distribute to holders of our shares in the form of a quarterly distribution all of the cash available for distribution that is generated each quarter, less interest expense and reserves for the prudent conduct of our business. The cash available for distribution is likely to fluctuate, and in some cases significantly, from quarter to quarter as a result of the seasonality of our assets, the terms of our financing arrangements, maintenance and outage schedules and other factors. See “Cash Dividend Policy.”

On November 14, 2014, we announced that our board of directors declared the first quarterly dividend corresponding to the third quarter of 2014 amounting to $0.2592 per share, representing $1.04 on an annualized basis. The dividend was paid on December 15, 2014, together with pro-rata dividend corresponding to the days since our IPO on June 12, 2014 until June 30, 2014, amounting to $0.0370 per share, resulting in a total payment of $0.2962 to shareholders of record as of November 28, 2014.

 

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Also on November 14, 2014, as part of the release of our results of operations as of and for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, we announced an increase in our guidance for cash available for distribution and dividends for the years 2015 and 2016. Such additional guidance is the result of the acquisition of the First Dropdown Asset, as well as the ongoing negotiations with Abengoa for the acquisition of other assets, including assets in Africa and the Middle East. We intend to conclude the negotiations with Abengoa regarding the acquisition of these additional assets during the first quarter of 2015, and if an agreement is reached, to finance such acquisitions with the proceeds of the Credit Facility and available cash. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness—Credit Facility.” Our guidance for cash available for distribution and dividends for the years 2015 and 2016 is not a guarantee of future results or events, is subject to risk and uncertainties (including those set forth in “Risk Factors”) and is not contained and does not otherwise form part of this prospectus.

Acquisitions

On September 22, 2014, we entered into an agreement with Abengoa, subject to financing and negotiations of definitive documentation and certain other conditions, to acquire the First Dropdown Assets. The total aggregate consideration for the First Dropdown Assets was $312 million (which consideration was determined in part by converting the portion of the purchase price of Solacor 1/2 and PS 10/20 denominated in euros into U.S. dollars based on the exchange rate on the date on which the payment was made). The transaction was approved by Abengoa Yield’s board of directors with the approval of independent directors and by Abengoa’s board of directors. The renewable energy assets which we acquired consist of PS 10/20 and the 30-year usufruct of the economic and political rights over the shares of Solacor 1/2 (with an option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term), CSP assets located in Spain with a combined capacity of 131 MW, and Cadonal, a 50 MW wind farm located in Uruguay. See “Business—Our Operations—Renewable Energy” for a description of such assets. The First Dropdown Assets were financed with the proceeds of the 2019 Notes and with a portion of the proceeds of the Credit Facility. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness—2019 Notes” and “Description of Certain Indebtedness—Credit Facility.”

 

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Cash flow

The following table sets forth cash flow data for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, and for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

     Nine-month period
ended September 30,
    Year ended December 31,  
           2014                 2013               2013             2012      
     (unaudited)        
     $ in millions  

Profit/(loss) for the period

     (12.4     23.7        (1.8     0.1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-monetary adjustments

     205.2        57.4        92.4        22.8   

Profit for the period adjusted by non-monetary items

     192.8        81.1        90.6        22.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Variations in working capital

     (113.0     (41.0     9.2        66.6   

Net interest and income tax paid

     (81.8     (66.1     (62.4     (41.6

Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities

     (2.0     (26.0     37.4        47.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investments in contracted concessional assets

     (81.9     (474.0     (642.3     (1,072.8

Other non-current assets/liabilities

     (2.3     2.2        (52.3     (25.9

Net cash used in investing activities

     (84.2     (471.8     (694.6     (1,098.7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

     (0.8     559.3        914.9        1,107.3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     (87.0     61.5        257.7        56.5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents and bank overdrafts at beginning of the period

     357.7        97.5        97.5        40.2   

Translation differences on cash or cash equivalent

     (5.6     1.5        2.5        0.8   

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period

     265.1        160.5        357.7        97.5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash flows from/(used in) operating activities

For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, net cash used in operating activities was $2.0 million, compared with $26.0 million used for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, profit adjusted by non-monetary items was $192.8 million, compared with $81.1 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. The increase was primarily due to the commencement of operations of Solana and ACT during 2013 and the entry into operation of ATS in the first quarter of 2014. This increase was offset by a negative variation in working capital which amounted to $(113.0) million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 compared with $(41.0) million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. The negative variation in working capital in 2014 is related to the end of the construction phase of several projects. As all of our projects have reached COD, we expect this negative movement to decline and we expect to have a non-significant impact from movements in working capital. In addition, higher interest amounts were paid in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, amounting to $81.8 million compared with $66.1 million in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013.

For the year ended December 31, 2013, we generated net cash from our operating activities of $37.4 million, compared with net cash generated from operating activities of $47.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. In 2013, profit for the period adjusted by non-monetary items was $90.6 million compared with $22.9 million in 2012. The increase is mainly due to the commencement of operations of ACT and Solana in the first and last quarters of 2013, respectively, and to a full year of operations of Solaben 2/3, as it commenced

 

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operations during the second and fourth quarters of 2012, respectively. This increase was mostly offset by reductions in variations in working capital due primarily to the reductions of other current liabilities related to the end of the construction phase of the projects. The variation in working capital amounted to $9.2 million in 2013 compared with $66.6 million in 2012. In addition, the increase of profit for the period adjusted by non-monetary items was offset by larger net interest and taxes paid in 2013 of $62.4 million compared with $41.6 million in 2012.

Net cash used in investing activities

For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, net cash used in investing activities decreased to $84.2 million, compared with $471.8 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013 due to the completion of construction of Solana and ATS in the last quarter of 2013 and the first quarter of 2014, respectively.

For the year ended December 31, 2013, net cash used in investing activities declined to $694.6 million compared with $1,098.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 due to finalization of construction of some of our larger projects. For the year ended December 31, 2013, our net investments in Solana and Mojave amounted to $240.6 million compared with $554.3 million in 2012, as Solana entered into operation in October 2013. The net investment in Solaben 2/3 was nil in 2013, as each project commenced operations in mid-2012, compared with $142.0 million in 2012. Finally, the net cash used in investments of ATS amounted to $158.3 million in 2013 compared with $215.4 million in 2012, as the project reached COD in January 2014.

Net cash generated from/(used in) financing activities

For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, net cash flow used in financing activities was $0.8 million, compared with $559.3 million provided by financing activities for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. The net cash used in financing activities during the first nine months of 2014 was a net of different movements. Firstly, we recorded proceeds from loans and borrowings of $959.2 million, mainly related to the collection of an ITC Cash Grant awarded to Solana by the U.S. Treasury, which was used on April 2, 2014 to fully repay the short-term tranche of Solana’s loan with the Federal Financing Bank of $451.3 million, and to the bond issue by ATS of $424 million, which was used to repay existing debt associated with the project. On the other hand, we repaid loans and borrowings for an amount of $952.0 million, mostly comprised of the repayments referred to above. Additionally, on June 18, 2014 we received $685.3 million in our IPO, of which $655.3 million was used to pay Abengoa in exchange for a transfer of assets, which occurred immediately prior to our IPO. Finally, prior to the asset transfer, there were capital reductions in some project companies that were mostly offset by capital contributions to other project companies.

For the year ended December 31, 2013, net cash flow from financing activities was $914.9 million, compared with $1,107.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. The net cash generated from financing activities during 2013 comprises proceeds from non-recourse financing of $1,139.7 million, repayment of non-recourse financing of $667.7 million, proceeds from related parties and other financing of $443.0 million. The net cash generated from financing activities in 2013 related primarily to drawdowns of non-recourse loans for the construction of electric transmission lines in Peru and ACT in Mexico and the investment by Liberty in Solana. The net cash generated from financing activities during 2012 related to proceeds from non-recourse financing of $339.5 million, repayment of non-recourse financing of $61.6 million, proceeds from related parties and other financing of $829.3 million. The net cash generated from financing activities in 2012 relate mostly to proceeds for the construction of Solana, Mojave, electric transmission lines in Peru, ACT in Mexico and Solaben 2/3.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2013, our only off-balance sheet arrangements consisted of bank bond and surety insurance in an aggregate amount of $7.1 million attributed to transactions of a technical nature.

 

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Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2013.

 

$ in millions    Total      Up to one year      Between one
and three
years
     Between
three and
five years
     Subsequent
years
 
        

Loans with credit institutions

     2,786.0         49.5         247.6         426.3         2,062.6   

Notes and bonds

     108.6         2.8         5.9         6.4         93.5   

Purchase commitments

     1,132.1         48.6         109.7         116.0         858.0   

Derivative financial instruments

     42.3         4.5         8.2         6.9         22.7   

Accrued interest estimate during the useful life of loans

     1,318.1         97.4         193.2         189.3         838.2   

In addition to the contractual obligations summarized in the table above, in the fourth quarter of 2014 we (i) issued the 2019 Notes in the total amount of $255 million before fees and commissions and maturing in November 2019 and (ii) entered into the Credit Facility in the total amount of $125 million before fees and commissions and maturing in December 2018.

As described in the table above, we have other contractual obligations to make future payments in connection with bank debt and notes and bonds. In addition, during the normal course of business, we enter into agreements where we commit to future purchases of goods and services from third parties.

For more detailed information on project financing (loans with credit institutions) refer to note 13 in our Annual Combined Financial Statements.

Notes and bonds refer to the carrying value of issuances made during 2013, which are described in detail in note 13 in our Annual Combined Financial Statements.

Purchase obligations include agreements for the purchase of goods or services that are enforceable and legally binding on the combined group and that specify all significant terms, including fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased, fixed, minimum or variable price provisions and the appropriate timing of the transactions.

Accrued interest estimate during the useful life of loans represents the estimation for the total amount of interest to be paid or accumulated over the useful life of the loans, notes and bonds.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of our combined financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the specific circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

An understanding of the accounting policies for these items is important to understand the combined financial statements. The following discussion provides more information regarding the estimates and assumptions used for these items in accordance with IFRS and should be considered in conjunction with the combined financial statements.

The most critical accounting policies, which reflect significant management estimates and judgment to determine amounts in our combined financial statements, are as follows:

 

   

Contracted concessional agreements and PPAs;

 

   

Impairment of intangible assets;

 

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Assessment of control;

 

   

Derivative financial instruments and fair value estimates; and

 

   

Income taxes and recoverable amount of deferred tax assets.

Some of these accounting policies require the application of significant judgment by management to select the appropriate assumptions to determine these estimates. These assumptions and estimates are based on our historical experience, forecasts and other circumstances and expectations as of the close of the financial period. The assessment is considered in relation to the global economic situation of the industries and regions where we operate, taking into account future development of our businesses. By their nature, these judgments are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty; therefore, actual results could materially differ from the estimates and assumptions used. In such cases, the carrying values of assets and liabilities are adjusted.

As of the date of preparation of our Annual Combined Financial Statements, no relevant changes in the estimates made are anticipated and, therefore, no significant changes in the value of the assets and liabilities recognized at December 31, 2013, are expected.

Although these estimates and assumptions are being made using all available facts and circumstances, it is possible that future events may require management to amend such estimates and assumptions in future periods. Changes in accounting estimates are recognized prospectively, in accordance with IAS 8, in the combined income statement of the year in which the change occurs. Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in note 2 to the Annual Combined Financial Statements, presented elsewhere in this prospectus.

Contracted concessional agreements

Contracted concessional assets include fixed assets financed through non-recourse loans, related to service concession arrangements recorded in accordance with IFRIC 12, except for Palmucho, which is recorded in accordance with IAS 17. The infrastructures accounted for as concessions are related to the activities concerning electric transmission lines, solar electricity generation plants, cogeneration plants and a wind farm. The infrastructure used in a concession can be classified as an intangible asset or a financial asset, depending on the nature of the payment entitlements established in the agreement.

The application of IFRIC 12 requires extensive judgment in relation with, among other factors, (i) the identification of certain infrastructures and contractual agreements in the scope of IFRIC 12, (ii) the understanding of the nature of the payments in order to determine the classification of the infrastructure as a financial asset or as an intangible asset and (iii) the timing and recognition of the revenue from construction and concessionary activity.

Under the terms of contractual arrangements within the scope of this interpretation, the operator shall recognize and measure revenue in accordance with IAS 11 and 18 for the services it performs. If the operator performs more than one service (i.e., construction or upgrade services and operation services) under a single contract or arrangement, consideration received or receivable shall be allocated by reference to the relative fair values of the services delivered, when the amounts are separately identifiable.

Consequently, even though construction is subcontracted to Abengoa, in accordance with the provisions of IFRIC 12, we recognize and measure revenue and costs for providing construction services during the period of construction of the infrastructure in accordance with IAS 11 “Construction Contracts.” Construction revenue is recorded within “Other operating income” and “Construction cost,” which is fully contracted with related parties, is recorded within “Other operating expense.” This applies in the same way to the two models.

Intangible assets

We recognize an intangible asset to the extent that we receive a right to charge final customers for the use of the infrastructure. This intangible asset is subject to the provisions of IAS 38 and is amortized linearly, taking

 

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into account the estimated period of commercial operation of infrastructure, which generally coincides with the concession period.

We recognize and measure revenue, costs and margin for providing construction services during the period of construction of the infrastructure in accordance with IAS 11 “Construction contracts” and revenue for other services in accordance with IAS 18 “Revenue.” The interest costs derived from financing the project incurred during construction are capitalized during the period of time required to complete and prepare the asset for its predetermined use.

Once the infrastructure is in operation, the treatment of income and expenses is as follows:

 

   

Revenues from the updated annual revenue for the contracted concession, as well as operations and maintenance services are recognized in each period according to IAS 18 “Ordinary income.”

 

   

Operating and maintenance costs and general overheads and administrative costs are recorded in accordance with the nature of the cost incurred (amount due) in each period.

 

   

Financing costs are expensed as incurred.

Financial assets

We recognize a financial asset when demand risk is assumed by the grantor, to the extent that the contracted concession holder has an unconditional right to receive payments for the asset. This asset is recognized at the fair value of the construction services provided, considering improvements.

The financial asset is subsequently recorded at amortized cost calculated according to the effective interest method. Revenue from operations and maintenance services is recognized in each period according to IAS 18 “Ordinary income.” The remuneration of managing and operating the asset resulting from the valuation at amortized cost is also recorded in revenue.

Financing costs are expensed as incurred.

Impairment of intangible assets

We review our contracted revenue assets to identify any indicators of impairment annually.

The recoverable amount of an asset is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use, defined as the present value of the estimated future cash flows to be generated by the asset. In the event that the asset does not generate cash flows independently of other assets, we calculate the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit, or CGU to which the asset belongs.

When the carrying amount of the CGU to which these assets belong is lower than its recoverable amount assets are impaired.

Assumptions used to calculate value in use include a discount rate and projections considering real data based on the contract terms and projected changes in both selling prices and costs. The discount rate is estimated by management, to reflect both changes in the value of money over time and the risks associated with the specific CGU.

For contracted or concession revenue assets with a defined useful life and with a specific financial structure, cash flow projections until the end of the project are considered and no terminal value is assumed. Contracted revenue assets have a contractual structure that permits to estimate quite accurately the costs of the project (both in the construction and in the operations periods) and revenue during the life of the project.

Projections take into account real data based on the contract terms and fundamental assumptions based in specific reports prepared by experts, assumptions on demand and assumptions on production. Additionally,

 

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assumptions on macroeconomic conditions are also taken into account, such as inflation rates, future interest rates and sensitivity analysis are performed over all major assumptions, which can have a significant impact on the value of the asset.

Cash flow projections of CGUs are calculated in the functional currency of those CGUs and are discounted using rates that take into consideration the risk corresponding to each specific country and currency.

Taking into account that in most CGUs its specific financial structure is linked to the financial structure of the projects that are part of those CGUs, the discount rate used to calculate the present value of cash flow projections is based on the weighted average cost of capital, or WACC, for the type of asset, adjusted, if necessary, in accordance with the business of the specific activity and with the risk associated with the country where the project is performed. In any case, sensitivity analyses are performed, especially in relation with the discount rate used and fair value changes in the main business variables, in order to ensure that possible changes in the estimates of these items do not impact the possible recovery of recognized assets. See note 2 to our Annual Combined Financial Statements for further information on WACCs.

In the event that the recoverable amount of an asset is lower than its carrying amount, an impairment charge for the difference would be recorded in the combined income statement under the item “depreciation, amortization and impairment charges.”

Assessment of control

Control over an investee is achieved when we have power over the investee, we are exposed, or have rights, to variable returns from our involvement with the investee; and have the ability to use its power to affect its returns.

We reassess whether or not we control an investee when facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the three elements of control listed above. In order to evaluate the existence of control, we need to distinguish two independent stages in these projects in terms of the decision-making process: the construction phase and the operation phase. In some of these projects, such as Solana and Mojave, we have concluded that all the relevant decisions during the construction phase are subject to the approval of a third party. As a result, we do not have control over these assets during this period and we record these companies as associates under the equity method. Once the project is in operation, we gain control over these companies, which are then fully consolidated.

We use the acquisition method to account for business combinations. According to this method, identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. Any contingent consideration is recognized at fair value at the acquisition date and subsequent changes in its fair value are recognized in accordance with IAS 39 either in profit or loss or as a change to other comprehensive income. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. We recognize any non-controlling interest in the acquired entity either at fair value or at the non-controlling interest’s proportionate share of the acquirer’s net assets on an acquisition-by-acquisition basis.

All assets and liabilities between entities within the group, equity, income, expenses and cash flows relating to transactions between entities of the group are eliminated in full.

Derivative financial instruments and fair value estimates

Derivatives are recorded at fair value. We apply hedge accounting to all hedging derivatives that qualify to be accounted for as hedges under IFRS.

When hedge accounting is applied, hedging strategy and risk management objectives are documented at inception, as well as the relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items. Effectiveness of the hedging relationship needs to be assessed on an ongoing basis. Effectiveness tests are performed prospectively and retrospectively at inception and at each reporting date, following the dollar offset method.

 

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We apply cash flow hedge accounting. Under this method, the effective portion of changes in fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recorded temporarily in equity and are subsequently reclassified from equity to profit or loss in the same period or periods during which the hedged item affects profit or loss. Any ineffective portion of the hedged transaction is recorded in the combined income statement as it occurs.

When interest rate options are designated as hedging instruments, the intrinsic value and time value of the financial hedge instrument are separated. Changes in intrinsic value which are highly effective are recorded in equity and subsequently reclassified from equity to profit or loss in the same period or periods during which the hedged item affects profit or loss. Changes in time value are recorded as financial income or expenses, together with any ineffectiveness.

When the hedging instrument matures or is sold, or when it no longer meets the requirements to apply hedge accounting, accumulated gains and losses recorded in equity remain as such until the forecast transaction is ultimately recognized in the income statement. However, if it becomes unlikely that the forecast transaction will actually take place, the accumulated gains and losses in equity are recognized immediately in the income statement.

The inputs used to calculate fair value of our derivatives are based on inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e., as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices), through the application of valuation models (Level 2). The valuation techniques used to calculate fair value of our derivatives include discounting estimated future cash flows, using assumptions based on market conditions at the date of valuation or using market prices of similar comparable instruments, amongst others. The valuation of derivatives requires the use of considerable professional judgment. These determinations were based on available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

Income taxes and recoverable amount of deferred tax assets

The current income tax provision is calculated on the basis of relevant tax laws in force at the date of the statement of financial position in the countries in which the subsidiaries and associates operate and generate taxable income.

Determining income tax payable requires judgment in assessing the timing and the amount of deductible and taxable items, as well as the interpretation and application of tax laws in different jurisdictions. Due to this fact, contingencies or additional tax expenses could arise as a result of tax inspections or different interpretations of certain tax laws by the corresponding tax authorities.

We recognize deferred tax assets for all deductible temporary differences and all unused tax losses and tax credits to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which they can be utilized.

We consider it probable that we will have sufficient taxable profit available in the future to enable a deferred tax asset to be recovered when:

 

   

There are sufficient taxable temporary differences relating to the same tax authority, and the same taxable entity is expected to reverse either in the same period as the expected reversal of the deductible temporary difference or in periods into which a tax loss arising from the deferred tax asset can be carried back or forward.

 

   

It is probable that the taxable entity will have sufficient taxable profit, relating to the same tax authority and the same taxable entity, in the same period as the reversal of the deductible temporary difference (or in the periods into which a tax loss arising from the deferred tax asset can be carried back or forward).

 

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Tax planning opportunities are available to the entity that will create taxable profit in appropriate periods.

Our management assesses the recoverability of deferred tax assets on the basis of estimates of future taxable profit. These estimates are derived from the projections of each of our assets. Based on our current estimates, we expect to generate sufficient future taxable income to achieve the realization of our current tax credits and tax loss carryforwards, supported by our historical trend of business performance.

In assessing the recoverability of our deferred tax assets, our management also considers the foreseen reversal of deferred tax liabilities and tax planning strategies. To the extent management relies on deferred tax liabilities for the readability of our deferred tax assets, such deferred tax liabilities are expected to reverse in the same period and jurisdiction and are of the same character as the temporary differences giving rise to the deferred tax assets. We consider that the recovery of our current deferred tax assets is probable without counting on potential tax planning strategies that we could use in the future.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

Our activities are undertaken through our segments and are exposed to market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. Risk is managed by our Risk Management and Finance Department in accordance with mandatory internal management rules. The internal management rules provide written policies for the management of overall risk, as well as for specific areas, such as exchange rate risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, use of hedging instruments and derivatives and the investment of excess cash.

Market risk

We are exposed to market risk, such as movement in foreign exchange rates and interest rates. All of these market risks arise in the normal course of business and we do not carry out speculative operations. For the purpose of managing these risks, we use a series of swaps and options on interest rates. None of the derivative contracts signed has an unlimited lose exposure.

Foreign exchange rate risk

The main cash flows from our subsidiaries are cash collections arising from long-term contracts with clients and debt payments arising from project finance repayment. Given that financing of the projects is always denominated in the same currency in which the contract with the client is signed, a natural hedge exists for our main operations. Consequently, there were no forward sale contracts signed as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013.

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risks arise mainly from our financial liabilities at variable interest rate (less than 10% of our total project debt financing). We use interest rate swaps and interest rate options (caps) to mitigate interest rate risk.

As a result, the notional amounts hedged as of September 30, 2014, strikes contracted and maturities, depending on the characteristics of the debt on which the interest rate risk is being hedged, are very diverse, including the following:

 

   

Non-Recourse Debt in U.S. dollars: between 75% and 100% of the notional amount, maturities until 2028 and average guaranteed interest rates of between 2.515% and 3.787%.

 

   

Non-Recourse Debt in euro: between 80% and 100% of the notional amount, maturities until 2030 and average guaranteed interest rates of between 0.75% and 3.75%.

 

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In connection with our interest rate derivative positions, the most significant impact on our combined financial statements are derived from the changes in EURIBOR or LIBOR, which represents the reference interest rate for the majority of our debt.

In relation to our interest rate swaps positions, an increase in EURIBOR or LIBOR above the contracted fixed interest rate would create an increase in our financial expense which would be positively mitigated by our hedges, reducing our financial expense to our contracted fixed interest rate. However, an increase in EURIBOR or LIBOR that does not exceed the contracted fixed interest rate would not be offset by our derivative position and would result in a net financial loss recognized in our combined income statement. Conversely, a decrease in EURIBOR or LIBOR below the contracted fixed interest rate would result in lower interest expense on our variable rate debt, which would be offset by a negative impact from the mark-to-market of our hedges, increasing our financial expense up to our contracted fixed interest rate, thus likely resulting in a neutral effect.

In relation to our interest rate options positions, an increase in EURIBOR or LIBOR above the strike price would result in higher interest expenses, which would be positively mitigated by our hedges, reducing our financial expense to our capped interest rate, whereas a decrease of EURIBOR or LIBOR below the strike price would result in lower interest expenses.

In addition to the above, our results of operations can be affected by changes in interest rates with respect to the unhedged portion of our indebtedness that bears interest at floating rates.

In the event that EURIBOR and LIBOR had risen by 25 basis points as of December 31, 2013, with the rest of the variables remaining constant, the effect in the combined income statement would have been a loss of $195,000 (a profit of $296,000 in 2012) and an increase in hedging reserves of $16.3 million ($24.0 million in 2012). The increase in hedging reserves would be mainly due to an increase in the fair value of interest rate swaps designated as hedges.

Credit risk

We consider that we have limited credit risk with clients as revenues are derived from PPAs and other revenue contracted agreements with electric utilities and state-owned entities.

The following table shows the maturity detail of trade receivables as of December 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

     Balance as of December 31,  
         2013              2012      
     $ in millions  

Maturity

     

Up to 3 months

     26.6         11.2   

Between 3 and 6 months

     —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     26.6         11.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liquidity risk

The objective of our financing and liquidity policy is to ensure that we maintain sufficient funds to meet our financial obligations as they fall due.

Project finance borrowing permits us to finance projects through Non-Recourse Debt and thereby insulate the rest of our assets from such credit exposure. We incur project finance debt on a project-by-project basis.

The repayment profile of each project is established on the basis of the projected cash flow generation of the business. This ensures that sufficient financing is available to meet deadlines and maturities, which mitigates the liquidity risk significantly.

 

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BUSINESS

About Abengoa Yield

We are a dividend growth-oriented company formed to serve as the primary vehicle through which Abengoa owns, manages and acquires renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission lines and other contracted revenue-generating assets in operation, initially focused on North America (the United States and Mexico), South America (Peru, Chile, Uruguay and Brazil), and Europe (Spain). We intend to expand this presence to selected countries in Africa and the Middle East.

We own 13 assets, comprising 891 MW of renewable energy generation, 300 MW of conventional power generation and 1,018 miles of electric transmission lines, as well as an exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH. Each of the assets we own has a project-finance agreement in place. All of our assets have contracted revenues (regulated revenues in the case of our Spanish assets) with low-risk off-takers and collectively have a weighted average remaining contract life of approximately 25 years as of September 30, 2014.

We intend to take advantage of favorable trends in the power generation and electric transmission sectors globally, including energy scarcity and a focus on the reduction of carbon emissions. To that end, we believe that our cash flow profile, coupled with our scale, diversity and low-cost business model, offers us a lower cost of capital than that of a traditional engineering and construction company or independent power producer and provides us with a significant competitive advantage with which to execute our growth strategy.

With this business model, our objective is to pay a consistent and growing cash dividend to holders of our shares that is sustainable on a long-term basis. We expect to target a payout ratio of 90% of our cash available for distribution and will seek to increase such cash dividends over time through organic growth and as we acquire assets with characteristics similar to those in our current portfolio.

We are focused on high-quality, newly-constructed and long-life facilities with creditworthy counterparties that we expect will produce stable, long-term cash flows. We have signed an exclusive agreement with Abengoa, which we refer to as the ROFO Agreement, which provides us with a right of first offer on any proposed sale, transfer or other disposition of any of Abengoa’s contracted renewable energy, conventional power, electric transmission or water assets in operation and located in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil, Colombia and the European Union, as well as four assets in Africa, the Middle East and Asia, which initial four assets are: Shams, a 110 MW solar plant in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, SPP1, a 150 MW cogeneration plant in Algeria, Honaine, a 7 million cubic feet per day desalination plant in Algeria and Skikda, a 3.5 million cubic feet per day desalination plant in Algeria. We refer to the contracted assets subject to the ROFO Agreement as the “Abengoa ROFO Assets.” See “Summary—Our Growth Strategy,” “Business—Our Growth Strategy” and “Related Party Transactions—Right of First Offer.”

On November 18, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Solacor 1/2 through a 30-year usufruct rights contract over the related shares (which includes the option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term); on December 4, 2014, we completed the acquisition of PS10/20; and on December 29, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Cadonal. Together, these three First Dropdown Assets, which we agreed in September 2014 to acquire from Abengoa under the ROFO Agreement, comprise an aggregate of 131 MW of Concentrating Solar Power generation and 50 MW of wind power generation. See “—Our Operations—Renewable Energy” for a description of such assets. The total aggregate consideration for the First Dropdown Assets was $312 million (which consideration was determined in part by converting the portion of the purchase price of Solacor 1/2 and PS 10/20 denominated in euros into U.S. dollars based on the exchange rate on the date on which the payment was made).

Pursuant to our cash dividend policy, we intend to pay a cash dividend each quarter to holders of our shares. Our quarterly dividend for the third quarter of 2014, paid in December 2014, was set at $0.2592 per share, or $1.04 per share on an annualized basis. See “Cash Dividend Policy.”

 

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Based on the acquisition opportunities available to us, which include the Abengoa ROFO Assets, to the extent offered for sale by Abengoa or any investment vehicle to which Abengoa has transferred them, as well as any third-party acquisitions we pursue, we believe that we will have the opportunity to grow our cash available for distribution in a manner that would allow us to increase our cash dividends per share over time. Prospective investors should read “Cash Dividend Policy” and “Risk Factors,” including the risks and uncertainties related to our forecasted results, acquisition opportunities and growth plan, in their entirety.

Upon consummation of this offering, assuming the full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, Abengoa will beneficially own approximately 51.1% of our shares and, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, Abengoa will beneficially own approximately 52.8% of our shares.

Purpose of Abengoa Yield

Abengoa and Abengoa Yield intend to create enhanced value for holders of our shares by seeking to achieve the following objectives:

 

   

offer an investment vehicle with predictable, recurrent and growing dividends to investors valuing long-term contracted assets;

 

   

create a vehicle with a competitive source of equity capital to benefit from the acquisition of long-term contracted assets developed by Abengoa and other third-party assets; and

 

   

align strategic interests with Abengoa.

Current Operations

We own a diversified portfolio of renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission line contracted assets in North America (the United States and Mexico), South America (Peru, Chile, Uruguay and Brazil) and Europe (Spain). Our portfolio consists of seven renewable energy assets, a cogeneration facility and several electric transmission lines, all of which are fully operational. In addition, we own an exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH, a subsidiary holding company of Abengoa that is engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, consisting mostly of electric transmission lines. All of our assets have contracted revenues (regulated revenues in the case of our Spanish assets) with low-risk off-takers and collectively have a weighted average remaining contract life of approximately 25 years as of September 30, 2014. We expect that the majority of our cash available for distribution over the next four years will be in U.S. dollars, indexed to the U.S. dollar or in euros. We intend to use currency hedging contracts to maintain a ratio of 90% of our cash available for distribution denominated in U.S. dollars. Over 90% of our project-level debt is hedged against changes in interest rates through an underlying fixed rate on the debt instrument or through interest rate swaps, caps or similar hedging instruments.

 

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The following table provides an overview of our current assets (excluding our exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH), following completion of the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets:

 

Assets

 

Type

  Ownership   Location   Currency (1)   Capacity
(Gross)
  Status  

Off-taker

  Counterparty Credit
Rating (2)
 

COD

  Contract
Years Left

Solana

  Renewable
(CSP)
  100%
Class B (3)
  Arizona
(USA)
  U.S.
dollars
  280 MW   Operational   APS   A-/A3/BBB+   4Q 2013   29

Mojave

  Renewable
(CSP)
  100%   California
(USA)
  U.S.
dollars
  280 MW   Operational   PG&E   BBB/A3/BBB+   4Q 2014   25

Palmatir

  Renewable
(Wind)
  100%   Uruguay   U.S.
dollars
  50 MW   Operational   UTE   BBB-/Baa2/BBB- (4)   2Q 2014   20

Cadonal

  Renewable (Wind)   100%   Uruguay   U.S.
dollars
  50 MW   Operational   UTE   BBB-/Baa2/BBB- (4)  

4Q 2014

  20

Solaben 2/3 (5)

  Renewable
(CSP)
  70% (6)   Spain   Euro   2x50
MW
  Operational   Whole-sale market/Spanish Electric System   BBB/Baa2/BBB+   2Q 2012 & 4Q 2012   24

Solacor 1/2 (7)

  Renewable
(CSP)
  74% (8)   Spain   Euro   100 MW   Operational   Whole-sale market/Spanish electric system   BBB/Baa2/BBB+   2Q 2012 & 4Q 2012   24

PS10/20 (9)

  Renewable
(CSP)
  100%   Spain   Euro   31 MW   Operational   Whole-sale market/Spanish electric system   BBB/Baa2/BBB+   1Q 2007 & 2Q 2009   20

ACT

  Conventional
Power
  100%   Mexico   U.S.
dollars
  300 MW   Operational   Pemex   BBB+/A3/BBB+   2Q 2013   19

ATN

  Transmission
Line
  100%   Peru   U.S.
dollars
  362
Miles
  Operational   Peru   BBB+/A3/BBB+   1Q 2011   27
ATS   Transmission
Line
  100%   Peru   U.S.
dollars
  569
Miles
  Operational   Peru   BBB+/A3/BBB+   1Q 2014   30

Quadra 1

  Transmission
Line
  100%   Chile   U.S.
dollars
  43 Miles   Operational   Sierra Gorda   N/A   2Q 2014   21

Quadra 2

  Transmission
Line
  100%   Chile   U.S.
dollars
  38 Miles   Operational   Sierra Gorda   N/A   1Q 2014   21

Palmucho

  Transmission
Line
  100%   Chile   U.S.
dollars
  6 Miles   Operational   Endesa Chile (10)   BBB+/Baa2/BBB+   4Q 2007   23

 

(1)

Certain contracts denominated in U.S. dollars are payable in local currency.

(2)

Reflects the counterparty’s issuer credit ratings issued by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, or S&P, Moody’s Investors Service Inc., or Moody’s, and Fitch Ratings Ltd, or Fitch.

(3)

On September 30, 2013, Liberty Interactive Corporation agreed to invest $300 million in Class A shares of Arizona Solar Holding, the holding company of the Solana CSP plant, in exchange for a share of the dividends and the taxable loss generated by Solana. See note 1 to our Annual Combined Financial Statements.

(4)

Refers to the credit rating of Uruguay, as UTE is unrated.

(5)

Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 are separate special purpose vehicles with separate agreements, but they are treated as a single platform.

(6)

Itochu Corporation, a Japanese trading company, holds 30% of the shares in each of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3. We hold a 30-year right of usufruct over the remaining shares of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 and a call option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term.

(7)

Solacor 1 and Solacor 2 are separate special purpose vehicles with separate agreements but they are treated as a single platform.

(8)

JGC Corporation, a Japanese engineering company, holds 26% of the shares in each of Solacor 1 and Solacor 2. We hold a 30-year right of usufruct over the remaining shares of Solacor 1 and Solacor 2 and a call option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term.

(9)

PS10 and PS20 are separate special purpose vehicles with separate agreements but they are treated as a single platform.

(10)

Refers to Empresa Nacional de Electricidad, S.A, or Endesa Chile, which is owned by the Enel Group.

Our assets and operations are organized into the following three business sectors:

Renewable Energy: Our renewable energy assets include two Concentrating Solar Power plants in the United States, Solana and Mojave, each with a gross capacity of 280 MW and located in Arizona and California, respectively. Solana is a party to a PPA with Arizona Public Service Company and Mojave is a party to a PPA with Pacific Gas & Electric Company. Solana reached its Commercial Operations Date, or COD, on October 9, 2013 and Mojave reached COD on December 1, 2014.

Additionally, we own the following two onshore wind farms in Uruguay: Palmatir and Cadonal, each with a gross capacity of 50 MW. Each wind farm is subject to a 20-year U.S. dollar-denominated PPA with a state-owned utility company in Uruguay. Palmatir reached COD in May 2014 and Cadonal reached COD in December 2014.

 

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Finally, we own the following Concentrating Solar Power plants in Spain with a total gross capacity of 231 MW: (i) a 30-year usufruct of the economic and political rights over the shares of Solaben 2/3, in operation since 2012 (with an option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term), (ii) a 30-year usufruct of the economic and political rights over the shares of Solacor 1/2, in operation since 2012 (with an option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term) and (iii) and PS10/20, in operation since 2007 and 2009, respectively. All such projects receive market and regulated revenues under the economic framework for renewable energy projects in Spain.

Conventional Power: Our conventional power asset consists of ACT, a 300 MW cogeneration plant in Mexico. ACT is a party to a 20-year take-or-pay contract with Petroleos Mexicanos S.A. de C.V., or Pemex, for the sale of electric power and steam. Pemex also supplies the natural gas required for the plant at no cost to ACT, which insulates the project from natural gas price variations.

Electric Transmission: Our electric transmission assets consist of (i) two lines in Peru, ATN and ATS, spanning a total of 931 miles; (ii) three lines in Chile, Quadra 1, Quadra 2 and Palmucho, spanning a total of 87 miles; and (iii) an exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH, a subsidiary holding company of Abengoa that is engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, comprised mostly of transmission lines.

Peru . ATN and ATS are core lines in the Peruvian electric transmission system. Each line is subject to a U.S. dollar-denominated 30-year contract with the Ministry of Energy of the Government of Peru that is indexed to the U.S. Finished Goods Less Food and Energy Index. ATN reached COD in 2011 and ATS reached COD in January 2014.

Chile . Quadra 1 and Quadra 2 are two electric transmission lines that are subject to a concession contract with Sierra Gorda SCM, a mining company owned by Sumitomo Corporation, Sumitomo Metal Mining and KGHM Polska Mietz. Quadra 1 and Quadra 2 have been in operation since December 2013 and January 2014, respectively. Quadra 1 reached COD in April 2014 and Quadra 2 reached COD in March 2014. The concession contract is denominated in U.S. dollars and has a remaining term of 21 years. Palmucho is a six-mile electric transmission line and substation subject to a private concession agreement with a utility, Endesa Chile, with a remaining term of 23 years. Palmucho reached COD in October 2007.

Brazil . In addition to the assets listed above, we own a preferred equity investment in ACBH, a subsidiary holding company of Abengoa that is engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, consisting mostly of electric transmission lines (see “—Our Operations—Electric Transmission—Exchangeable Preferred Equity Investment in Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding” for details on the transmission assets held by ACBH).

This preferred equity investment grants us the following rights:

 

   

During the five-year period commencing on July 1, 2014, we have the right to receive, in four quarterly installments, a preferred dividend of $18.4 million per year.

 

   

Following the initial five-year period, we will have the option to (i) remain as preferred equity holder receiving the first $18.4 million in dividends per year that ACBH is able to distribute or (ii) exchange the preferred equity for ordinary shares of specific project companies owned by ACBH.

Our Business Strategy

Our primary business strategy is to grow the cash dividends that we intend to pay to holders of our shares over time while ensuring the ongoing stability of our business. Our plan for executing this strategy includes the following key components:

Focus on stable, long-term contracted renewable energy, conventional power generation and electric transmission lines. We intend to focus on owning and operating these types of assets, for which we possess deep know-how, extensive experience and proven systems and management processes, as well as the critical mass to

 

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benefit from operating efficiencies and scale. We expect that this will allow us to maximize value and cash flow generation going forward. We intend to maintain a diversified portfolio in the future, as we believe these technologies will undergo significant growth in our targeted geographies.

Maintain geographic diversification across two principal geographic areas. Our focus on two main markets, North America and South America, helps to ensure exposure to markets in which we believe the renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission sectors will continue growing significantly. In addition, we may also explore additional acquisition opportunities outside of our two main geographies. We believe that a strategic exposure to international markets will allow us to pursue greater growth opportunities and achieve higher returns than if we only focus on assets located in the United States.

Increase cash available for distribution and dividends by optimizing our existing assets. Some of our assets are newly operational and we believe that we can increase the cash flow generation of these assets through further management and optimization initiatives and in some cases through repowering. Our Palmatir facility reached COD in May 2014 and is expected to generate increased cash flows. Finally, Mojave achieved COD on December 1, 2014, whereby we obtained a new revenue-generating asset that we expect will result in a significant increase to our cash flow generation. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related To Our Assets—Certain of our facilities are newly constructed and may not perform as expected.”

Increase cash available to grow our dividend per share through the acquisition of new assets in renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission. We expect the ROFO Agreement with Abengoa will provide us with access to a number of acquisition opportunities that will allow us to achieve accretive growth over the next few years. This, together with the fact that Abengoa acts as a greenfield developer, should allow us to access a large pipeline of contracted assets going forward to the extent Abengoa wishes to sell such assets. Additionally, we intend to analyze other potential acquisitions from third parties. We believe that our know-how and operating expertise in our key markets together with a critical mass of assets in several geographic areas and the access to capital provided by being a listed company will permit us to successfully realize our growth plans.

Increase cash flow generation by expanding into water assets. We believe that contracted water assets, which include desalination plants, water treatment facilities and transportation facilities, constitute a high-growth market. Moreover, the water market offers attractive acquisition opportunities and is one in which Abengoa enjoys a strong market position. The assets we expect Abengoa to offer to us under the ROFO Agreement include six water assets, two of which are in operation. We expect these assets to help us achieve growth and potentially achieve a critical mass if we acquire any of them from Abengoa pursuant to the ROFO Agreement.

Enjoy a shareholder-oriented financial strategy. We intend to focus on maximizing the cash generation potential of the assets currently held in our portfolio. With cash received from our contracted assets, we intend to distribute quarterly dividends of substantially all cash available following the deduction of a provision to allow for the prudent management of our business. We expect that Abengoa, as our controlling shareholder, will seek to actively support our strategy to maximize dividend distribution, subject to the boundaries of prudent management.

Foster a low-risk approach. We intend to maintain, over time, a portfolio of contracted assets with a low-risk profile due to creditworthy offtake counterparties, long-term contracted revenues, over 90% of cash available for distribution in, indexed or hedged to the U.S. dollar and proven technologies in which we have deep expertise and significant experience, located in countries where we believe conditions to be stable and safe.

Additionally, our policies and management systems include thorough risk analysis and risk management processes that we apply whenever we acquire an asset, and which we review monthly throughout the life of the asset. Our policy is to insure all of our assets whenever economically feasible.

Maintain financial strength and flexibility. We intend to maintain a solid financial position through a combination of cash on hand and credit facilities. This prudent strategy provides the required flexibility to

 

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maintain our dividend throughout the year in spite of the inherent seasonality of our business. Additionally, conservative cash management may help us to mitigate any unexpected downturns that reduce our cash flow generation.

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe that we are well positioned to execute our business strategies because of the following competitive strengths:

Stable and predictable long-term U.S. and international cash flows with attractive tax profiles. We believe that our young asset portfolio has a highly stable, predictable cash flow profile consisting of predominantly long-life electric power generation and electric transmission assets that generate revenues under long-term fixed priced contracts or pursuant to regulated rates with creditworthy counterparties and with long-term O&M contracts in place. Additionally, our facilities have minimal to no fuel risk. The offtake agreements for our assets have a weighted average remaining duration of approximately 25 years (based on the relevant technical indicator by type of asset), providing long-term cash flow stability. Additionally, our business strategy and hedging policy is intended to ensure a minimum of 90% of cash available for distribution in or indexed to the U.S. dollar. Furthermore, due to the fact that we are a U.K. resident company we should benefit from a more favorable treatment than would apply if we were a corporation in the United States when receiving dividends from our subsidiaries that hold our international assets because they should generally be exempt from U.K. taxation due to the U.K.’s distribution exemption. Based on our current portfolio of assets, which include renewable assets that benefit from an accelerated tax depreciation schedule, and current tax regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate, we do not expect to pay significant income tax for a period of at least 10 years due to existing net operating losses, or NOLs, except for ACT in Mexico, where we do not expect to pay significant income taxes until the fifth or sixth year after our IPO (which was consummated in June 2014) once we use existing NOLs. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Taxation—Our future tax liability may be greater than expected if we do not utilize Net Operating Losses, or NOLs, sufficient to offset our taxable income,” “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Taxation—Our ability to use U.S. NOLs to offset future income may be limited” and “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Taxation—Changes in our tax position can significantly affect our reported earnings and cash flows.” Furthermore, based on our current portfolio of assets, we believe that there is minimal repatriation risk in the jurisdictions in which we operate. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business and the Markets in Which We Operate—We have international operations and investments, including in emerging markets that could be subject to economic, social and political uncertainties.”

Experienced and incentivized management team. Our management team has significant and valuable expertise in developing, financing, operating and managing renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission assets. We believe their financial and tax management skills will help us achieve our financial targets and continue to grow on a cash accretive basis over the medium- to long-term. Additionally, we intend to encourage our executives to ensure that they focus on stable, long-term cash flow generation that will benefit all of our shareholders.

Our relationship and our agreements with Abengoa. We believe our relationship with Abengoa, including Abengoa’s expressed intention to remain our core shareholder over the long-term, provides us with significant benefits, including managerial and operational expertise and a sustainable source of future growth opportunities based on Abengoa’s greenfield development capabilities and construction expertise. Moreover, Abengoa provides us with a significant pipeline of opportunities in our targeted sectors and geographies and has announced that it is analyzing ways to increase its development capabilities and we have amended our ROFO Agreement to take account of this development. Abengoa usually targets an internal rate of return for its projects that is higher than the expected cost of our equity, thus both parties could benefit from the sale of assets by Abengoa to us.

 

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Specifically, the various agreements we have in place with Abengoa allow us to access:

 

   

Abengoa Management and Operational Expertise . We will monitor and oversee operations in each asset and will continue implementing Abengoa standards required in key areas like reporting, management, quality, health and safety and compliance.

 

   

Abengoa Asset Development Track Record . Over the last 10 years, Abengoa has successfully developed approximately 2,000 MW of renewable power assets, 673 MW of conventional power plants and over 7,700 miles of electric transmission lines.

 

   

Abengoa Financing Experience . Over the last 10 years, Abengoa has financed through non-recourse project financing more than $15 billion worth of projects, mostly in North America and South America as well as in Europe, Africa and the Middle East. We expect that we will realize significant benefits from Abengoa’s financing and structuring expertise as well as its relationships with financial institutions and other lenders.

 

   

Abengoa Construction Expertise . Abengoa has built approximately 2,275 renewable and 7,800 conventional MW of power generation facilities (renewable and conventional), over 21,800 miles of electric transmission lines and water desalination plants with capacity in excess of 329 million cubic feet per day, as well as many infrastructure assets in other markets. Many of these projects have been built for third parties pursuant to the standards of these third parties. Abengoa was recently ranked by Engineering News Record as the largest international power facility contractor (previously ranked among the top three during the preceding five years) and the largest electric transmission contractor for the seventh consecutive year.

 

   

Abengoa Operation and Maintenance Expertise . Abengoa currently provides operation and maintenance services to renewable energy plants with an aggregate capacity of approximately 1,000 MW, conventional power plants with an aggregate capacity of approximately 1,000 MW, approximately 7,700 miles of electric transmission lines and water treatment facilities with an aggregate capacity of 21.7 million of cubic feet per day.

 

   

Abengoa Technical Expertise in Our Key Technologies and Presence in Our Key Geographies . Abengoa has deep know-how and expertise in the technologies that we use in our assets and has an important presence and experience in our key geographies.

Geographically diverse multi-technology portfolio. Our portfolio of assets uses technologies that we expect to benefit from long-term trends in the electricity sector. Our renewable energy generation assets generate low or no emissions and serve markets where we expect growth in demand in the future. Additionally, our electric transmission lines connect electricity systems to key areas in their respective markets and we expect significant electric transmission investment in our geographies. As a result, we believe that we may be able to benefit from opportunities to repower some of our assets during the lives of our existing PPAs and to extend the terms of those contracts after current PPAs expire. We expect our well-diversified portfolio of assets by technology and geography to maintain cash flow stability.

Our Operations

Revenues

Our revenues for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 amounted to $269.3 million and $154.0 million, respectively. Our total revenue in North America for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 amounted to $146.9 million and $75.2 million, respectively. Our total revenues in South America for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 amounted to $60.6 million and $17.5 million, respectively. Our total revenue in Europe for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 amounted to $61.8 million and $61.3 million, respectively,

Our total revenue from renewable energy for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 amounted to $129.9 million and $61.3 million, respectively. Our total revenues from conventional power for the

 

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nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 amounted to $85.2 million and $75.2 million, respectively. Our total revenue from electric transmission lines for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 amounted to $54.2 million and $17.5 million, respectively.

Our revenues for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 amounted to $211 million and $107 million, respectively. Our total revenue in North America for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 amounted to $114 million and $62 million, respectively. Our total revenues in South America for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 amounted to $25 million and $17 million, respectively. Our total revenue in Europe for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 amounted to $72.0 million and $28 million, respectively.

Our total revenue from renewable energy for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 amounted to $83 million and $28 million, respectively. Our total revenues from conventional power for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 amounted to $103 million and $62 million, respectively. Our total revenue from electric transmission lines for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 amounted to $25 million and $17 million, respectively.

Renewable energy

The following table presents our renewable energy assets:

 

Assets

  Type   Location   Capacity   Status   Off-taker   Currency  

Counterparty
Credit Rating (1)

  COD   Contract
Years Left

Solana

  Solar   Arizona   280 MW   Operational   APS   U.S. Dollars   A-/A3/BBB+   4Q 2013   29

Mojave

  Solar   California   280 MW   Operational   PG&E   U.S. Dollars   BBB/A3/BBB+   4Q 2014   25

Palmatir

  Wind   Uruguay   50 MW   Operational   UTE   U.S. Dollars   BBB-/Baa2/BBB- (2)   2Q 2014   20

Cadonal

  Renewable
(Wind)
  Uruguay   50 MW   Operational   UTE   U.S. dollars   BBB-/Baa2/BBB- (2)   4Q 2014   20

Solaben 2/3

  Solar   Spain   100 MW   Operational   Whole-sale
market/Spanish
Electric System
  Euro   BBB/Baa2/BBB+   2Q 2012 &
4Q 2012
  24

Solacor 1/2

  Solar   Spain   100 MW   Operational   Whole-sale
market/Spanish
Electric System
  Euro   BBB/Baa2/BBB+   2Q 2012 &
4Q 2012
  24

PS10/20

  Solar   Spain   31 MW   Operational   Whole-sale
market/Spanish
Electric System
  Euro   BBB/Baa2/BBB+   1Q 2007 &
2Q 2009
  20

 

(1)

Reflects counterparty’s issuer credit ratings issued by S&P, Moody’s and Fitch.

(2)

Refers to the credit rating of Uruguay, as UTE is unrated.

Solana

Overview . The Solana Solar Project, or Solana, is a 250 MW net (280 MW gross) solar electric generation facility located in Maricopa County, Arizona, approximately 70 miles southwest of Phoenix. Arizona Solar One LLC, or Arizona Solar, owns the Solana project. Solana includes a 22-mile 230kV transmission line and a molten salt thermal energy storage system. The construction of Solana commenced in December 2010 and Solana reached COD on October 9, 2013.

Solana relies on a conventional parabolic trough Concentrating Solar Power system to generate electricity. The parabolic trough technology has been utilized for over 25 years at the Solar Electric Generating Systems, SEGS, facilities located in the Mojave Desert in Southern California. Abengoa’s 13 50-MW parabolics trough

 

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facilities in Spain, including Solaben 2/3, have also used this technology since 2010. Solana produces electricity by means of an integrated process using solar energy to heat a synthetic petroleum-based fluid in a closed-loop system that, in turn, heats water to create steam to drive a conventional steam turbine. Solana employs a two-tank molten salt thermal energy storage system that provides an additional six hours of solar dispatchability to increase its efficiency. This type of storage system has been in operation in several commercial plants in Spain since March 2009 and is also similar to the Abengoa’s demonstration plant at its Solucar Platform in Seville that has been in operation since February 2009.

Abengoa Solar US Holdings Inc., the entity through which we indirectly invest in Solana, is not expected to pay U.S. federal income taxes for the foreseeable future due to the relevant NOLs and NOL carryforwards generated by the application of tax incentives established in the United States, in particular MACRS accelerated depreciation.

Power Purchase Agreement . Solana has a 30-year, fixed-price PPA with Arizona Public Service Company, or APS, for at least 110% of the output of the project. The PPA provides for the sale of electricity at a fixed base price approved by the Arizona Corporation Commission with annual increases of 1.84% per year. The PPA includes on-going performance obligations and is intended to provide Arizona Solar with consistent and predictable monthly revenues that are sufficient to cover operating costs and debt service and to earn an equity return.

APS is a load serving utility based in Phoenix, Arizona. APS has senior unsecured credit ratings of A- from S&P, A3 from Moody’s and BBB+ from Fitch.

The PPA was initially executed in February 2008 and received final approval from the Arizona Corporation Commission in December 2008. The PPA was most recently amended and restated in December 2010. The PPA expires on October 9, 2043.

Engineering, Procurement and Construction Agreements . The construction of Solana was carried out by subsidiaries of Abengoa under an arm’s-length, fixed-price and date-certain engineering, procurement and construction contract, or an EPC contract, that was executed on December 20, 2010. Abengoa completed construction of Solana on October 9, 2013. The EPC contract contains warranties that protect Arizona Solar against defects in design, materials and workmanship for one year after completion and provides a three-year performance guarantee for the benefit of financing parties. Abengoa constructed Solana using equipment from leading suppliers, including two 140 MW (gross) steam turbines supplied by Siemens.

Transmission and Interconnection . Solana interconnects to the existing 230kV APS panda substation via a newly-constructed 230kV transmission line between the facility switchyard and the APS panda substation. A large generator interconnection agreement, or LGIA, was executed with APS to govern the interconnection. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, or FERC, approved the LGIA on August 31, 2010.

Operations & Maintenance . ASI Operations LLC, or ASI Operations, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Abengoa, provides operations and maintenance, or O&M, services for Solana. The senior staff of ASI Operations has experience managing and operating SEGS plants. Solana also benefits from Abengoa’s overall experience operating 781 MW of solar projects worldwide as of December 31, 2013. ASI Operations has agreed to operate the facility in accordance with prudent utility practices, to ensure compliance with all applicable government and agency permits, licenses, approvals and PPA terms, and to assist Arizona Solar in connection with the procurement of all necessary support and ancillary services. The Operations and Maintenance Agreement, or an O&M agreement, between ASI Operations and Arizona Solar is a 30-year cost-reimbursable contract with a fixed fee of $480,000 per year, which is indexed to U.S. CPI, and a variable fee that Arizona Solar will pay in periods when the project’s annual net operating profits exceed the target annual net operating profit. We expect that the variable fee will provide ASI Operations with a significant long-term interest in the success of the project, which we expect will align its interests with those of Arizona Solar.

 

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Project Level Financing . Arizona Solar executed a loan guarantee agreement with the DOE on December 20, 2010 to provide a loan guarantee in connection with a two-tranche loan of approximately $1.445 billion from the Federal Financing Bank, or FFB. The FFB loan has a short-term tranche that Arizona Solar has repaid with the proceeds from the Investment Tax Credit Cash Grant, or ITC Cash Grant, that the project has received from the U.S. Treasury. The principal balance of this tranche was $450 million as of December 31, 2013 and such tranche was fully repaid in April 2014. The FFB loan has a long-term tranche payable over a 29-year term with the cash generated by the project. The principal balance of this tranche was $959 million as of September 30, 2014. Each tranche is denominated in U.S. dollars. The FFB loan has a fixed average interest rate of 3.56%.

The financing arrangement permits dividend distributions on a semi-annual basis after the first principal repayment of the long-term tranche, as long as the debt service coverage ratio for the previous four fiscal quarters is at least 1.20x and the projected debt service coverage ratio for the next four fiscal quarters is at least 1.20x.

Partnerships . On September 30, 2013, Abengoa entered into an agreement with Liberty Interactive Corporation, or Liberty, pursuant to which Liberty agreed to invest $300 million in Class A membership interests of ASO Holdings Company LLC, the parent of Arizona Solar, in exchange for a share of the dividends and the taxable loss generated by the project. See note 1 to our Annual Combined Financial Statements for more information. All figures in this prospectus take into account Liberty’s share of dividends. Abengoa Yield indirectly owns 100% of the Class B membership interests in ASO Holdings Company LLC.

Mojave

Overview . The Mojave Solar Project, or Mojave, is a 250 MW net (280 MW gross) solar electric generation facility located in San Bernardino County, California, approximately 100 miles northeast of Los Angeles. Abengoa commenced construction of Mojave in September 2011. Mojave completed construction and reached COD on December 1, 2014. Mojave Solar LLC, or Mojave Solar, owns the Mojave project.

Mojave relies on a conventional parabolic trough Concentrating Solar Power system to generate electricity and is similar to Solana with respect to technology and general design. The main difference between Solana and Mojave is that Mojave does not have a molten salt storage system, as the off-taker did not require one.

Mojave’s total project investment was approximately $1,527 million, of which approximately $115 million was pending as of September 30, 2014. $11 million of the $115 million will be paid with equity contributions from a restricted account with funds already available and the balance, amounting to $105 million, will be paid from the DOE guaranteed loan.

Mojave is not expected to pay federal income tax for the foreseeable future due to the relevant NOLs and NOL carryforwards generated by the application of tax incentives established in the United States, in particular MACRS accelerated depreciation.

Power Purchase Agreement . Mojave has a 25-year, fixed-price PPA with Pacific Gas & Electric Company, or PG&E, for 100% of the output of Mojave. The PPA began on COD. The PPA provides for the sale of electricity at a fixed base price with seasonal adjustments and adjustments for time of delivery. Mojave Solar can deliver and receive payment for at least 110% of contracted capacity under the PPA. The PPA includes on-going performance obligations of up to 140% of annual contract quantity (approximately 617 GWh) in any 24-month period. The PPA is intended to provide Mojave Solar with consistent and predictable monthly revenues sufficient to cover operating costs and debt service and to earn an equity return.

PG&E, a utility based in San Francisco, is one of the largest integrated natural gas and electric utilities in the United States. PG&E has senior unsecured credit ratings of BBB from S&P, A3 from Moody’s and BBB+ from Fitch.

 

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Engineering , Procurement and Construction Agreement . The construction of Mojave was carried out by subsidiaries of Abengoa, or the contractor, under an arm’s-length, fixed-price EPC contract that was executed on September 12, 2010. Mojave issued a “full notice to proceed” on March 7, 2012 and reached COD on December 1, 2014.

The EPC contract includes a one-year warranty by the EPC contractor for defects among other typical equipment guarantees. Additionally, the EPC contractor provides a three-year performance guarantee linked to energy production. Mojave’s key equipment has been supplied by leading companies, including two twin turbines from General Electric.

Transmission and Interconnection . Mojave interconnects to the existing transmission system through Southern California Edison, or SCE, transmission lines. The interconnection to SCE’s existing 220kV Kramer-Coolwater transmission line at Kramer substation is essentially complete and the existing transmission line will allow the project to begin to deliver output to PG&E. However, additional upgrades to the network are required to achieve the full contractual requirements in the PPA and resource adequacy. The additional upgrades, which are under the responsibility of SCE, require the construction of a new 59-mile transmission line between Coolwater and Lugo, which is scheduled to be completed in 2018. Failure to meet the schedule for such upgrades may temporarily block dividend distributions and may cause the project to suffer penalties for failure to achieve resource adequacy.

Operations & Maintenance . ASI Operations provides O&M services for Mojave. Under the terms of the O&M agreement between ASI Operations and Mojave Solar, ASI Operations has agreed to operate the facility in accordance with prudent utility practices, to ensure compliance with all applicable government and agency permits, licenses, approvals and PPA terms, and to assist Mojave Solar in connection with the procurement of all necessary support and ancillary services. The O&M agreement is a cost-reimbursable contract with a combination of fixed and variable fees. The fixed fee is $500,000 per year starting in the second year of full operations and will increase by 2.5% per year. The fixed fee will be $1.0 million during the start-up year and will be $750,000 during the first year of full operations. Mojave Solar will pay the variable fee in periods when the project’s annual net operating profits exceed the target annual net operating profit. We expect that the variable fee will provide ASI Operations with a significant long-term interest in the success of the project, which we expect will align its interests with those of Mojave Solar.

Project Level Financing . Mojave Solar executed a Loan Guarantee Agreement with the DOE on September 12, 2011 to provide a loan guarantee in connection with a two-tranche FFB loan of approximately $1,202 million. The FFB loan has a short-term tranche that Mojave Solar expects to repay with the proceeds from the ITC Cash Grant that the project expects to receive from the U.S. Treasury. The principal balance of this tranche was $227 million as of September 30, 2014. The FFB loan has a long-term tranche payable over a 25-year term with the cash generated by the project. The principal balance of this tranche was $814 million as of September 30, 2014. Each tranche is denominated in U.S. dollars. The FFB loan has an average fixed interest rate of 2.75% and each disbursement is linked to the U.S. Treasury bond with the maturity of that disbursement.

The financing arrangement permits dividend distributions on a semi-annual basis after the first principal repayment of the long-term tranche, as long as the debt service coverage ratio for the previous four fiscal quarters is at least 1.20x and the projected debt service coverage ratio for the next four fiscal quarters is at least 1.20x.

Partnerships. We own 100% of the equity interests in the Mojave project.

Palmatir

Overview . Palmatir is an on-shore wind farm facility in Uruguay with nominal installed capacity of 50 MW. Palmatir has 25 wind turbines and each turbine has a nominal capacity of 2 MW. UTE, Uruguay’s state-owned electricity company, has agreed to purchase all energy produced by Palmatir pursuant to a 20-year PPA. Palmatir reached COD in May 2014.

 

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The wind farm is located in Tacuarembo, 170 miles north of the city of Montevideo. Gamesa, a global leader in the manufacture and maintenance of wind turbines, supplied the turbines from its U.S. subsidiary.

Palmatir is not expected to pay significant corporate taxes in the foreseeable future due to the specific tax exemptions established by the Uruguayan government for renewable assets.

Power Purchase Agreement . Palmatir initially signed a PPA with UTE on September 14, 2011 for 100% of the electricity produced. The PPA required us to connect Palmatir to UTE’s electrical grid by September 2014. Since Palmatir is connected to the electrical grid, UTE purchases all electricity produced during the 20-year term of the PPA. UTE pays a fixed tariff under the PPA, which is denominated in U.S. dollars and will be partially adjusted in January of each year based on a formula referring to U.S. CPI and the Uruguay’s Indice de Precios al Productor de Productos Nacionales and the applicable UYU/U.S. dollars exchange rate.

UTE is unrated and Uruguay has senior unsecured credit ratings of BBB- from S&P, Baa2 from Moody’s and BBB- from Fitch.

Engineering, Procurement and Construction Agreement . The construction of Palmatir was carried out by subsidiaries of Abengoa under a fixed price EPC contract that includes customary guarantees, such as a one-year warranty by the EPC contractor for defects plus a two-year performance guarantee linked to energy production.

Transmission and Interconnection . Palmatir connects to UTE’s grid at the Bonete substation via a newly-built 21-mile overhead line.

Operations & Maintenance . Palmatir signed an agreement with Epartir, a subsidiary of Omega that is in turn a wholly-owned Abengoa subsidiary, for the provision of O&M services for a 20-year term. The O&M agreement covers scheduled and unscheduled turbine maintenance, a supply of spare parts, wind farm monitoring and reporting services. The O&M agreement contains customary guarantees, such as two-year guarantee and repairs. Epartir subcontracted with the wind turbine manufacturer, Gamesa, for the wind turbine O&M services. According to Gamesa, it has more than 20,800 MW of installed wind turbines and operates and maintains over 13,600 MW of wind turbines.

Project Level Financing . Palmatir signed a financing agreement on April 11, 2013 for a 20-year loan in two tranches in connection with the project. Each tranche is denominated in U.S. dollars. The first tranche is a $73 million loan from the U.S. Export Import Bank with a fixed interest rate of 3.11%. The second tranche is a $40 million loan from the Inter-American Development Bank with a floating interest rate of LIBOR plus 4.125%. The project hedged 80% of the floating rate loan with a swap at a rate of 2.22% with the financing bank. The combined principal balance of both tranches as of September 30, 2014 was $105 million.

Cash distributions are permissible every six months subject to a historical debt service coverage ratio for the previous twelve-month period and a projected debt service coverage ratio for the following twelve-month period of at least 1.25x.

Cadonal

Overview . On December 29, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Cadonal (one of the First Dropdown Assets) pursuant to the ROFO Agreement. Cadonal is an on-shore wind farm facility in Uruguay with nominal installed capacity of 50 MW. Cadonal will have 25 wind turbines of 2 MW each. UTE, Uruguay’s state-owned electricity company, has agreed to purchase all energy produced by Cadonal pursuant to a 20-year PPA. Cadonal reached COD in December 2014.

The wind farm is located in Flores, 105 miles north of the city of Montevideo. Gamesa, a global leader in the manufacture and maintenance of wind turbines, supplied the turbines.

 

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Power Purchase Agreement. Cadonal signed a PPA with UTE on December 28, 2012 for 100% of the electricity produced. The PPA requires us to connect Cadonal to UTE’s electrical grid. After Cadonal is connected to the electrical grid, UTE will purchase all electricity produced during the 20-year term of the PPA. UTE will pay a fixed tariff under the PPA, which is denominated in U.S. dollars and will be adjusted every January considering both U.S. and Uruguay’s inflation indexes and the exchange rate between Uruguayan pesos and U.S. dollars.

UTE is unrated and Uruguay has senior unsecured credit ratings of BBB- from S&P, Baa2 from Moody’s and BBB- from Fitch.

Engineering, Procurement and Construction Agreement. The construction of Cadonal is being carried out by subsidiaries of Abengoa under a fixed price EPC contract that includes customary guarantees, such as a one-year warranty by the EPC contractor for defects plus a two-year performance guarantee linked to energy production.

Transmission and Interconnection. Cadonal connects to UTE’s grid at Trinidad Substation and will be done through a 12-mile overhead line (OHL) connecting the wind farm substation and UTE’s substation.

Operations & Maintenance. Cadonal signed an agreement with Epartir, a subsidiary of Abengoa, for the provision of operations and maintenance services for 20 years. Although this agreement covered turbine scheduled and unscheduled maintenance, supply of spare parts, wind farm monitoring and reporting, Epartir subcontracted the wind turbine O&M to the wind turbine manufacturer Gamesa.

Project Level Financing. On September 15, 2014, Cadonal executed an A/B loan agreement and a subordinated debt tranche. The first drawdown occurred on November 28, 2014. The A/B loan is denominated in U.S. dollars. The A tranche, with a tenor of 19.5 years, is a $40.5 million loan from Corporacion Andina de Fomento, or CAF, with a floating interest rate of LIBOR (6 months) plus 390 bps for as long as CAF has access to funding from BankBankengruppe Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau, or KfW, a German public law development institution, through its program for the development of certain climate-relevant projects. The B tranche is a $40.5 million loan from DNB Bank with a floating interest rate of LIBOR (6 months) plus 365 bps for as long as CAF has access to funding from KfW, with a tenor of 17.5 years. The subordinated debt tranche was signed with CAF in the amount of $9.1 million, with a tenor of 19.5 years and a floating interest rate of LIBOR (6 months) plus 650 bps. This subordinated debt tranche may be prepaid in the future at no significant cost to improve the cash generation profile. A hedge (interest rate swap) was arranged in order to mitigate interest rate risk. Cash distributions are permissible every six months subject to a historical senior debt service coverage ratio for the previous twelve-month period of at least 1.20x, a total debt service coverage ratio of at least 1.10x and a projected senior debt service coverage ratio for the following twelve-month period of at least 1.10x, except in the case of the first distribution, in which case the projected senior debt service coverage ratio for the following twelve-month period must be at least 1.20x, the projected total debt service coverage for the following twelve-month period must be at least 1.10x, and both the historical senior debt coverage ratio and the historical total debt coverage ratio must be confirmed by the auditors.

Solaben 2/3

Overview . The Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 projects are two 50 MW Concentrating Solar Power facilities and are part of Abengoa’s Extremadura Solar Complex. The Extremadura Solar Complex consists of four Concentrating Solar Power plants, Solaben 1, Solaben 2, Solaben 3 and Solaben 6, and is located in the municipality of Logrosan, Spain. Abengoa commenced construction of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 in August 2010. Solaben 2 reached COD in June 2012 and Solaben 3 reached COD in October 2012. Solaben Electricidad Dos, S.A., or SE2, owns Solaben 2 and Solaben Electricidad Tres, S.A., or SE3, owns Solaben 3.

Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 each rely on a conventional parabolic trough Concentrating Solar Power system to generate electricity. The technology is similar to the technology used at Solana, Mojave and the 11 other 50 MW Concentrating Solar Power plants that Abengoa owns in Spain.

 

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According to the tax accelerated depreciation regime established by the Spanish Corporate Income Tax Act, Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 are not expected to pay significant income taxes in the next 10 years.

We hold a 30-year right of usufruct over the economic and political rights attached to 70% of the shares of the entity holding Solaben 2 and Solaben 3. We also have a call option to purchase such shares for one euro exercisable during a four-year term.

Regulation . Renewable energy projects in Spain sell the power they produce into the wholesale electricity market and receive additional payments from the Comision Nacional de los Mercados y de la Competencia , or CNMC, the Spanish state-owned regulator. According to the Electricity Sector Law, the addition of expected revenues from the wholesale market and from regulated payments should allow all renewable energy installations to obtain a project internal rate of return of 7.398%. This return can be reviewed by the regulator and government every six years, based on the cost of Spanish long-term sovereign bonds.

Concentrating Solar Power plants receive, in addition to the revenues from the sale of electricity in the market, two monthly payments in order to achieve the specific rate of return. These payments consist of: (i) a fixed monthly payment based on installed capacity and (ii) a variable payment based on net electricity produced. There is a maximum number of production hours per year beyond which no variable payment is received. The regulation also includes a minimum number of yearly hours of generation, under which the plant would receive no regulated payments and another higher threshold below which regulated payments would be reduced for a certain year. Those numbers are 35% and 60% of the maximum yearly hours, respectively. We expect that a plant would fail to achieve these thresholds only in cases of major breakdowns.

Engineering, Procurement and Construction Agreement . The construction of Solaben 2/3 was carried out by subsidiaries of Abengoa under an arm’s-length, fixed-price and date-certain EPC contract executed on December 16, 2010. The EPC contract provides a three-year performance guarantee by the EPC contractor for the benefit of financing parties starting six months after the applicable COD.

Transmission and Interconnection . Solaben 2/3, together with two other Abengoa Solaben projects and three plants owned by other companies, are connected to the electrical grid via common interconnection facilities that were jointly developed and are jointly owned. The interconnection facilities connect Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 from the SET Mesa de la Copa substation, which is located next to the Solaben projects, to the Valdecaballeros substation. The installation consists of a nodal transformer substation 220/400kV with a capacity of 600 MVA at SET Mesa de la Copa and a transmission line at 400kV of about 12 miles, which connect the nodal substation with a post of 400kV in the Valdecaballeros substation.

Spain has senior unsecured credit ratings of BBB from S&P, Baa2 from Moody’s and BBB+ from Fitch.

Operations & Maintenance . Abengoa Solar Espana, S.A., or ASE, is the contractor for O&M services at Solaben 2/3. ASE has operated Concentrating Solar Power plants since 2007 and currently operates 681 MW of installed capacity, including Solaben 2/3, in four solar complexes across the south of Spain. ASE has agreed to operate the facility in accordance with prudent utility practices, ensure compliance with all applicable government and agency permits, licenses and approvals, and feed-in tariff terms, and to assist Solaben 2/3 in connection with the procurement of all necessary support and ancillary services.

Each O&M agreement is a 20-year, all-in contract that expires on the 20 th anniversary of the COD. Each contract provides for the payment of a fixed fee of €3.5 million for the equivalent of 75% of the annual targeted output in the O&M agreement and a variable fee thereafter equivalent to approximately €39 per MWh until 100% of the target output is reached and €90 per MWh for any production above 100%. All amounts are indexed annually to Spanish CPI.

Project Level Financing. SE2 and SE3 each entered into a 20-year loan agreement with a syndicate of banks formed by the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Mizuho, HSBC and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation on

 

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December 16, 2010. Each loan is denominated in euros. The loan for Solaben 2 was for €169.3 million and the loan for Solaben 3 was for €171.5 million. The banks providing these loans obtained commercial and political risk insurance from Nippon Export and Investment Insurance, which allowed for lower financing costs. The interest rate for each loan is a floating rate based on EURIBOR plus a margin of 1.5%. Each loan was initially 80% hedged with the same banks providing the financing. The hedge was structured 50% through a swap set at approximately 3.7% and 50% through a cap with a 3.75% strike. In November 2013, SE2 and SE3 hedged through 2017 the remaining 20% exposure through a cap with a 0.75% strike.

The outstanding amount of these loans as of September 30, 2014 was €160 million for Solaben 2 and €163 million for Solaben 3.

The financing arrangements permit cash distribution to shareholders once per year if the audited financials for the prior fiscal year indicate a debt service coverage ratio of at least 1.10x.

Partnerships. Itochu Corporation, a Japanese trading company, purchased a 30% stake in the economic rights of each of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 in December 2010.

Solacor 1/2

Overview . On November 18, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Solacor 1/2 (one of the First Dropdown Assets) through a 30-year usufruct rights contract over the related shares (which includes an option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term) pursuant to the ROFO Agreement. The Solacor 1/2 project is a 100 MW Concentrating Solar Power facility and is part of Abengoa’s El Carpio Solar Complex, located in the municipality of El Carpio, Spain. Abengoa commenced construction of Solacor 1/2 in September 2010. COD was reached in January 2012 for Solacor 1 and in March 2012 for Solacor 2. JGC Corporation, a Japanese engineering company, currently owns 26% of Solacor 1/2.

Solacor 1/2 relies on a conventional parabolic trough Concentrating Solar Power system to generate electricity. The technology is similar to the technology used at Solana, Mojave and Solaben 2/3.

We hold a 30-year right of usufruct over the economic and political rights attached to 74% of the shares of the entity holding Solacor 1 and Solacor 2. We also have a call option to purchase such shares for one euro exercisable during a four-year term.

Regulation. Renewable energy projects in Spain sell the power they produce into the wholesale electricity market and receive additional payments from the CNMC.

Concentrating Solar Power plants receive, in addition to the revenues from the sale of electricity in the market, two monthly payments. These payments consist of: (i) a fixed monthly payment based on installed capacity and (ii) a variable payment based on net electricity produced. There is a maximum number of production hours per year beyond which no variable payment is received. The regulation also includes a minimum number of yearly hours of generation, under which the plant would receive no regulated payments for that year and another higher threshold below which regulated payments would be reduced for a certain year. Those numbers are 35% and 60% of the maximum yearly hours, respectively. We expect that a plant would fail to achieve these thresholds only in cases of major breakdowns. See “Regulation—Regulation in Spain.”

Spain has senior unsecured credit ratings of BBB from S&P, Baa2 from Moody’s and BBB+ from Fitch.

Transmission and Interconnection. Solacor 1/2 delivers its electricity through an underground line 132 kV from the substation of the plant to the SET Pabellones 132 kV. This SET Pabellones connects directly with the line 132 kV Andujar/Lancha of Sevillana Endesa, where the connection point of the plants is located.

Operations & Maintenance. ASE is the contractor for O&M services at Solacor 1/2. ASE has operated Concentrating Solar Power plants since 2007 and currently operates 681 MW of installed capacity, including

 

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Solacor 1/2, in five solar complexes across the south of Spain. ASE has agreed to operate the facility in accordance with prudent utility practices, ensure compliance with all applicable government and agency permits, licenses and approvals, and feed-in tariff terms, and to assist Solacor 1/2 in connection with the procurement of all necessary support and ancillary services.

The O&M agreements are 20-year, all-in contracts that expire on the 20 th anniversary of the COD. Each contract provides for the payment of fixed fees of €3.5 million for the equivalent of 75% of the annual targeted output in each O&M agreement, a variable fee thereafter equivalent to approximately €39 per MWh until 100% of the target output is reached and €90 per MWh for any production between 100% and 120% of the target output. All amounts are indexed annually to Spanish CPI.

Project Level Financing . Solacor 1/2 entered into 20-year loan agreements with a syndicate of banks formed by BNP Paribas, Mizuho, HSBC and SMBC on August 6, 2010. The loans are denominated in euros. The loans for Solacor 1/2 totaled €353 million. The banks providing these loans obtained commercial and political risk insurance from Nippon Export and Investment Insurance, which allowed for lower financing costs. The interest rate for the loans is a floating rate based on EURIBOR plus a margin of 1.5%. The loans were initially approximately 82% hedged with the same banks providing the financing. The hedge was structured 66% through a swap set at approximately 3.20% and 34% through a cap with a 3.25% strike. The total outstanding amount of these loans as of September 30, 2014 was €323 million for Solacor 1/2 project.

These financing arrangements permit cash distribution to shareholders once per year if the audited financials for the prior fiscal year indicate a debt service coverage ratio of at least 1.10x.

Partnerships . JGC Corporation, a Japanese engineering company, purchased a 26% stake in the economic rights in Solacor 1/2 in August 2010.

PS10/20

Overview. On December 4, 2014, we completed the acquisition of PS10/20 (one of the First Dropdown Assets) pursuant to the ROFO Agreement. PS10/20 is a 31 MW Concentrating Solar Power facility and is part of Abengoa’s Solucar Solar Complex, located in the municipality of Sanlucar la Mayor, Spain. Construction of PS10 commenced in June 2004 and construction of PS20 commenced in November 2006. PS10 reached COD in June 2007 and PS20 reached COD in April 2009.

Regulation. Renewable energy projects in Spain sell the power they produce into the wholesale electricity market and receive additional payments from CNMC.

Concentrating Solar Power plants receive, in addition to the revenues from the sale of electricity in the market, two monthly payments. These payments consist of: (i) a fixed monthly payment based on installed capacity and (ii) a variable payment based on net electricity produced. There is a maximum number of production hours per year beyond which no variable payment is received. The regulation also includes a minimum number of yearly hours of generation, under which the plant would receive no regulated payments and another higher threshold below which regulated payments would be reduced for a certain year. Those numbers are 35% and 60% of the maximum yearly hours, respectively. We expect that a plant would fail to achieve these thresholds only in cases of major breakdowns. See “Regulation—Regulation in Spain.”

Spain has senior unsecured credit ratings of BBB from S&P, Baa2 from Moody’s and BBB+ from Fitch.

Transmission and Interconnection. PS10/20 evacuate their electricity through an overhead line of 66 kV from the substation of PS10/20 to the SET Sanlucar la Mayor 66 kV. This SET Sanlucar la Mayor is part of the grid of Sevillana Endesa, where the connection point of the plants is located.

Operations & Maintenance. ASE is the contractor for O&M services at PS10/20. ASE has operated Concentrating Solar Power plants since 2007 and currently operates 681 MW of installed capacity, including

 

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PS10/20, in four solar complexes across the south of Spain. ASE has agreed to operate the facility in accordance with prudent utility practices, ensure compliance with all applicable government and agency permits, licenses and approvals, and feed-in tariff terms, and to assist PS10/20 in connection with the procurement of all necessary support and ancillary services.

The O&M agreement for PS10 is a 21-year all-in contract that expires on the 21 st anniversary of the COD. The contract provides for the payment of a fixed fee of €0.321 million for the equivalent of 60% of the annual targeted output in the O&M agreement and a variable fee thereafter equivalent to approximately €22.06 per MWh until 80% of the target output is reached and a fixed fee of €0.406 and a variable fee of €51.50 per MWh for any production between 80% and 100% of the target output. All amounts are indexed annually to Spanish CPI.

The O&M agreement for PS20 is a 21-year all-in contract that expires on the 21 st anniversary of the COD. The contract provides for the payment of a fixed fee of €0.572 million for the equivalent of 60% of the annual targeted output in the O&M agreement and a variable fee thereafter equivalent to approximately €22.06 per MWh until 80% of the target output is reached and a fixed fee of €0.796 and a variable fee of €59.7 per MWh for any production between 80% and 100% of the target output. All amounts are indexed annually to Spanish CPI.

Project Level Financing. PS10 entered into a 21.5-year loan agreement with a syndicate of banks formed by Bankia and Natixis on November 17, 2006. On June 14, 2007 the loan agreement was entered into a novation in order to include in the syndicate of banks the European Investment Bank and Caja de Ahorros del Mediterraneo, which was acquired by Banco Sabadell, S.A. The loan was for €43.4 million. The interest rate for the loan is a floating rate based on EURIBOR plus a margin of 1.0% to 1.10% (depending on the level of the debt service coverage ratio). The loan was initially 100% hedged with the same banks providing the financing. The hedge was structured 30% through a swap set at approximately 4.07% and 70% through a cap with a 4.25% strike. The outstanding amount of this loan as of September 30, 2014 was €33.5 million.

PS20 entered into a 24.5-year loan agreement with a syndicate of banks formed by Bankia and Natixis Banques Populaires, Spanish Branch on November 17, 2006. On June 14, 2007 the loan agreement was entered into a novation in order to include in the syndicate of banks the European Investment Bank and Caja de Ahorros del Mediterraneo, which was acquired by Banco Sabadell, S.A. The loan was for €94.6 million. The interest rate for the loan is a floating rate based on EURIBOR plus a margin of 1.0% to 1.10% (depending on the level of the debt service coverage ratio). The loan was initially 100% hedged with the same banks providing the financing. The hedge was structured 30% through a swap set at approximately 4.07% and 70% through a cap with a 4.25% strike. The outstanding amount of this loan as of September 30, 2014 was €80.2 million.

These financing arrangements permit cash distribution to shareholders once per year if the audited financials for the prior fiscal year indicate a debt service coverage ratio of at least 1.10x.

Conventional Power

The following table provides an overview of our sole conventional power asset:

 

Assets

  Location   Capacity  

Status

 

Currency

 

Off-taker

 

Counterparty Credit
Rating (1)

 

COD

 

Contract
Years Left

ACT

  Mexico   300 MW   Operational   U.S. dollars (2)   Pemex   BBB+/A3/BBB+   2Q 2013   19

 

(1)

Reflects the counterparty’s issuer credit ratings issued by S&P, Moody’s and Fitch.

(2)

Payable in local currency.

Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco

Overview . Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco, or ACT, is a gas-fired cogeneration facility located inside the Nuevo Pemex Gas Processing Facility near the city of Villahermosa in the State of Tabasco, Mexico. It has a

 

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rated capacity of approximately 300 MW and between 550 and 800 metric tons per hour of steam. The plant includes a substation and an approximately 52 mile and 115 kilowatt transmission line. Abengoa commenced construction of the ACT Plant in October 2009 and it reached COD on April 1, 2013. Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco, S. de R.L. de C.V., or Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco, owns the ACT Plant.

The ACT Plant utilizes mature and proven gas combustion turbines and heat recovery technology. Specifically, the ACT Plant utilizes two GE Power & Water “F” technology natural gas-fired combustion turbines and two Cerrey, S.A. de C.V., or Cerrey, heat recovery steam generators. According to GE, as of May 2013, GE Power & Water has supplied or received orders for more than 10,000 gas turbines, representing over 600,000 MW of installed capacity. As of May 2013, GE’s “F” technology gas turbines accumulated over 47 million combined operating hours worldwide. Cerrey designs, manufactures, installs and maintains steam generating systems.

ACT is not expected to pay significant income taxes until the fifth or sixth year after our IPO (which was consummated in June 2014) due to the NOLs generated during the construction phase.

Conversion Services Agreement . On September 18, 2009, ACT entered into the Pemex Conversion Services Agreement, or the Pemex CSA, with Petroleos Mexicanos, or Pemex, under which ACT is required to sell all of the plant’s thermal and electrical output to Pemex. The Pemex CSA has an initial term of 20 years from the in-service date and will expire on March 31, 2033. The parties may mutually extend the Pemex CSA for an additional 20-year period. The Pemex CSA requires Pemex to supply the facility, free of charge, with the fuel and water necessary to operate the ACT Plant and the latter has to produce electrical energy and steam requested by Pemex based on the expected levels of efficiency. The Pemex CSA is denominated in U.S. dollars. The price is fixed and will be adjusted annually, part of it according to inflation and part according to a mechanism agreed in the contract that on average over the life of the contract reflects expected inflation.

Pemex has a corporate credit rating of BBB+ by S&P, A3 by Moody’s and BBB+ by Fitch.

Engineering, Procurement and Construction Agreement . The construction of the ACT Plant was carried out by subsidiaries of Abengoa, which were responsible for the design, engineering, equipment procurement and construction under a turnkey EPC contract. CFE, Mexico’s Federal Electricity Commission and Pemex supervised the engineering, procurement and construction work. Under the applicable EPC contract guarantee, an affiliate of Abengoa will continue to perform works for the project for warranty repairs during the applicable warranty period.

Transmission and Interconnection . The Transferred Transmission Line that connects the ACT Plant to the CFE transmission grid system includes seven outgoing lines connected to the Cactus Switcheo substation. On April 1, 2013, pursuant to the terms of the Pemex CSA and as required by Mexican laws and regulations, Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco transferred ownership of the Transferred Transmission Line and the Cactus Switcheo substation to the CFE for no consideration.

Operations & Maintenance . GE International provides services for the maintenance, service and repair of the gas turbines as well as certain equipment, parts, materials, supplies, components, engineering support test services and inspection and repair services. GE International, an indirect subsidiary of GE, is one of the world’s largest third-party providers of operation and maintenance services to simple and combined-cycle combustion turbine facilities with over 25 years of experience. According to GE International, it had maintenance agreements covering almost 2,200 units on approximately 750 customer sites in 77 countries with capacity over 250,000 MW as of April 2013.

In addition, NAES Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V., or NAES, is responsible for the O&M of the ACT Plant. NAES has experience operating 173 power-generating facilities in North America and 18 facilities in Central and South America, including four facilities utilizing GE “F” turbine technology in Mexico as of May 2013,

 

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according to NAES. The O&M agreement with NAES expires upon the expiration of the Pemex CSA, although we may cancel it after five years with no penalty. Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco pays NAES for its reimbursable costs, operating costs and a $230,000 annual management fee.

Project Level Financing . On December 19, 2013, Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco signed a $680 million senior loan agreement with a syndicate of banks led by Banco Santander, Banobras and Credit Agricole Corporate & Investment Bank. Each tranche of the loan is denominated in U.S. dollars. The financing consists of a $333 million tranche and a $327 million tranche plus an additional $20 million for the issuance of a letter of credit. No repayment of principal has occurred as of the date of this prospectus.

The first tranche has a 10-year maturity, the second tranche has an 18-year maturity and the letter of credit may be convertible into additional principal that will be added to the first tranche. The interest rate on each tranche is a floating rate based on the three-month LIBOR plus a margin of 3.0% until December 2018, 3.5% from January 2019 to December 2023 and 3.75% from January 2024 to December 2031. The senior loan agreement requires Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco to hedge the interest rate for a minimum amount of 75% of the outstanding debt amount during at least 75% of the debt term. In January 2014, ACT closed a swap for a notional amount of $322.5 million at a rate of 3.53% and the remaining $172 million was closed in early April 2014 at a rate of 2.77%.

The senior loan agreement permits cash distributions to shareholders after six months provided that the debt service coverage ratio is at least 1.20x, or at any time provided that the last four quarters had a debt service coverage ratio of at least 1.20x.

The outstanding amount of these loans as of September 30, 2014 was $623 million.

Partnerships . After the acquisition of General Electric’s interests in ACT on March 21, 2014, we owned all of the shares of ACT except for two ordinary shares, which represent less than 0.01% of the total capital of ACT. The other ordinary shares are owned by Abengoa subsidiaries.

Electric Transmission

The following table provides an overview of our electric transmission assets:

 

Assets

 

Location

 

Length

 

Status

 

Currency (1)

 

Off-taker

 

Counterparty

Credit Rating (2)

 

COD

 

Contract
Years Left

ATN

  Peru   362 miles   Operational   U.S. dollars   Peru   BBB+/A3/BBB+   1Q 2011   27

ATS

  Peru   569 miles   Operational   U.S. dollars   Peru   BBB+/A3/BBB+   1Q 2014   30

Quadra 1

  Chile   43 miles   Operational   U.S. dollars   Sierra Gorda   N/A   2Q 2014   21

Quadra 2

  Chile   38 miles   Operational   U.S. dollars   Sierra Gorda   N/A   1Q 2014   21

Palmucho

  Chile   6 miles   Operational   U.S. dollars   Endesa Chile   BBB+/Baa2/BBB+   4Q 2007   23

 

(1)

Certain contracts denominated in U.S. dollars are payable in local currency.

(2)

Reflects counterparty’s issuer credit ratings issued by S&P, Moody’s and Fitch.

In addition to the assets listed above, we own an exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH, which is a subsidiary of Abengoa that holds entities involved in the development and construction of contracted assets, which are substantially all electric transmission lines, in Brazil. This investment is described further below.

Abengoa Transmision Norte

Overview . Abengoa Transmision Norte S.A., or the ATN Project, in Peru is part of the Guaranteed Transmission System, or Sistema Garantizado de Transmision , SGT, and is comprised of the following facilities:

 

  (i)

the approximately 356 mile, 220kV line from Carhuamayo-Paragsha-Conococha-Kiman Ayllu-Cajamarca Norte;

 

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  (ii)

the 4.3 mile, 138kV link between the existing Huallanca substation and Kiman Ayllu substations;

 

  (iii)

the 1.9 mile, 138kV link between the 138kV Carhuamayo substation and the 220kV Carhuamayo substation;

 

  (iv)

the new Conococha and Kiman Ayllu substations; and

 

  (v)

the expansion of the Cajamarca Norte, 220kV Carhuamayo, 138kV Carhuamayo and 220kV Paragsha substations.

Abengoa started construction of the ATN Project in May 2008 and reached COD for each line as set forth below:

 

Line

  

kV

  

Beginning

  

End

  

COD

1

   220    Carhuamayo    Paragsha    January 11, 2011

2

   220    Paragsha    Conococha    February 24, 2011

3

   220    Conococha    Kiman Ayllu    December 28, 2011

4

   220    Kiman Ayllu    Cajamarca Norte    June 26, 2011

Credititulos Sociedad Titulizadora S.A., or Credititulos, acting as trustee for the senior bond holders of the trust and as owner of the ATN Project.

Concession Agreement . Pursuant to the initial concession agreement, the Ministry of Energy, on behalf of the Peruvian Government, granted ATN a concession to construct, develop, own, operate and maintain the ATN Project. The initial concession agreement became effective on May 22, 2008 and will expire 30 years after the COD of Line 1, which was achieved on January 11, 2011.

Pursuant to the initial concession agreement, ATN owns all assets that it has acquired to construct and operate the ATN Project for the duration of the concession. The ownership of these assets will revert to the Ministry of Energy upon termination of the initial concession agreement.

The ATN Project has a 30-year, fixed-price tariff base denominated in U.S. dollars that is adjusted annually after the COD for each line in accordance with the U.S. Finished Goods Less Food and Energy Index as published by the U.S. Department of Labor. Our receipt of the tariff base is independent from the effective utilization of the transmission lines and substations related to the ATN Project. The tariff base is intended to provide the ATN Project with consistent and predictable monthly revenues sufficient to cover the ATN Project’s operating costs and debt service and to earn an equity return.

Peruvian law requires the existence of a definitive concession agreement to perform electricity transmission activities where the transmission facilities cross public land or land owned by third parties. On February 20, 2010, the Ministry of Energy granted the project a definitive concession agreement to transmit electricity using the transmission lines of the ATN Project. The Ministry of Energy also approved the execution of the concession agreement between the Ministry of Energy and ATN, which was executed on February 23, 2010 and formalized by Public Deed dated March 9, 2010.

ATN has generated and will generate relevant NOL carryforwards that we expect to use to offset future taxable income. According to our estimates, ATN is not expected to pay income tax for a period of more than 10 years.

Peru has a long-term credit rating of BBB+ from S&P A3 from Moody’s and BBB+ from Fitch.

Engineering, Procurement and Construction Agreements. The construction of the ATN Project was carried out by subsidiaries of Abengoa under arm’s-length, fixed-price and date-certain EPC contracts. The procurement contract and the construction contract were executed on June 1, 2008 and all lines were completed by December 28, 2011. The guarantee period of the EPC contracts has expired.

 

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Operations & Maintenance. Credititulos, as trustee, has an O&M agreement in the process of being assigned to Omega Peru, a subsidiary of Abengoa, specialized in O&M services for electric transmission lines across South American countries. The O&M agreement has a five-year term that renews automatically for an additional five-year period until the termination of the Concession agreement, unless either party exercises its right not to renew the O&M agreement. The O&M agreement provides for a fixed price of $3.35 million per year and is adjusted yearly with the variation of the U.S. Finished Goods Less Food and Energy Index.

Project Level Financing. On September 26, 2013, ATN completed the issue of a project bond in three tranches. To implement the bond issuance, ATN created a trust holding all of the assets and economic rights arising out of the definitive concession agreement. Each tranche is denominated in U.S. dollars. The first tranche has a principal amount of $15 million with a five-year term with quarterly amortization and bears interest at a rate of 3.84375% per year. The second tranche has a principal amount of $50 million with a 15-year term with quarterly amortization and bears interest at a rate of 6.15% per year. The second tranche also has a five-year grace period for principal repayment. The third tranche has a principal amount of $45 million with a 26-year term and bears interest at a rate of 7.53% per year. The third tranche has a 15-year grace period for principal repayments. As of September 30, 2014, $107 million in aggregate principal amount was outstanding.

Cash distributions are subject to a historical debt service coverage ratio for the last six months of at least 1.10x.

Abengoa Transmision Sur

Overview. Abengoa Transmision Sur S.A., or ATS Project, in Peru is part of the SGT, and consists of:

 

  (i)

one 500kV electric transmission line and two short 220kV electric transmission lines, which are linked to existing substations;

 

  (ii)

three new 500kV substations; and

 

  (iii)

the expansion of three existing substations (two existing 220kV substations and one existing 550/220kV substation), through the development of new transformers, line reactors, series reactive compensation and shunt reactions in some substations.

The transmission lines span approximately 569 miles and cross over the Lima, Ica, Arequipa and Moquegua districts. The new substations are located in the district of Poroma (Marcona), Ocona and Montalvo. Abengoa Transmision Sur S.A., or ATS, owns the ATS Project.

Construction of the transmission lines and related substations required for operation of the ATS Project is complete. Pursuant to the concession agreements, the Ministry of Energy granted ATS the right to operate the ATS Project for 30 years from achieving COD, which was achieved on January 17, 2014. As part of the initial concession agreement, ATS agreed to construct the Montalvo substation second bus bar, which were not required for operation of the ATS Project. A bus bar is a strip or bar of copper, brass or aluminum that conducts electricity within an electrical system. ATS anticipates the procurement, engineering, construction, testing and commissioning of the Montalvo substation second bus bar will cost approximately $700,000. ATS has funding in place for the costs associated with the second bus bar.

ATS has generated, and will generate, relevant NOL carryforwards that we expect to use to offset future taxable income. According to our estimates, ATS is not expected to pay income tax for a period of more than 10 years.

Concession Agreement. Pursuant to the initial concession agreement, the Ministry of Energy, on behalf of the Peruvian Government granted ATS a concession to construct, develop, own, operate and maintain the ATS Project. The initial concession agreement became effective on July 22, 2010 and will expire 30 years after achieving COD.

 

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Pursuant to the initial concession agreement, ATS will own all assets it has acquired to construct and operate the ATS Project for the duration of the concession. These assets will revert to the Ministry of Energy upon termination of the initial concession agreement.

The ATS Project has a 30-year, fixed-price tariff base denominated in U.S. dollars and is adjusted annually after the COD in accordance with the U.S. Finished Goods Less Food and Energy Index as published by the U.S. Department of Labor. Our receipt of the tariff base will be independent from the effective utilization of the transmission lines and substations related to the ATS Project. The tariff base is intended to provide the ATS Project with consistent and predictable monthly revenues sufficient to cover the ATS Project’s operating costs and debt service and to earn an equity return.

Peruvian law requires market participants to enter into a definitive concession agreement to perform electricity transmission activities where the transmission facilities cross public land or land owned by third parties. On June 6, 2012, the Ministry of Energy granted ATS a definitive concession agreement to transmit electricity using the transmission lines of the ATS Project. The Ministry of Energy approved the execution of the concession agreement between the Ministry of Energy and ATS, which was executed on June 7, 2012 and formalized by Public Deed dated August 1, 2012.

Peru has a long-term credit rating of BBB+ from S&P, A3 from Moody’s and BBB+ from Fitch.

Engineering, Procurement and Construction Agreements. The construction of the ATS Project was carried out by subsidiaries of Abengoa under arm’s-length, fixed-price and date-certain EPC contracts. The procurement contract and the construction contract were executed on July 22, 2010 and August 24, 2010, respectively, and COD was reached on January 17, 2014, except for the equipment related to the Montalvo substation second bus bar. The procurement contract provides warranties that protect ATS against defects in design, materials and workmanship for one year after the COD. The project also benefits from a full guarantee from Abengoa in favor of the financing parties of all of the EPC contractor’s obligations under the EPC contracts.

Operations & Maintenance. Omega Peru, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Abengoa, provides O&M services for the ATS Project. The senior staff of Omega Peru has experience managing and operating transmission lines in Peru and additionally the project benefits from Abengoa’s overall experience in operating transmission lines projects worldwide and South America in particular. Omega Peru has agreed to operate the facility in accordance with prudent utility practices, ensure compliance with all applicable government and agency permits, licenses, approvals and concession agreement terms. The O&M agreement provides for a fixed fee of $2.0 million per year and is adjusted annually on the anniversary of the execution of the O&M agreement to reflect the variation in the U.S. Finished Goods Less Food and Energy Index. The O&M agreement has a five-year term that renews automatically for an additional five-year period until the termination of the initial concession agreement, unless either party exercises its right not to renew the O&M agreement.

Project Level Financing. On April 8, 2014, ATS issued a project bond in one tranche denominated in U.S. dollars. The project bond has a principal amount of $432 million with a 29-year term with semi-annual amortization and bears a fixed interest rate of 6.875%. The bond has a two-year grace period for principal repayment.

Cash distributions may be made every six months subject to a trailing historical debt service coverage ratio for the previous two quarters of at least 1.20x.

Partnerships . On December 5, 2012, Abengoa reached an agreement with the Fondo para Inversiones en el Exterior represented by Compania Espanola de Financiacion del Desarrollo, Cofides S.A., or Cofides, pursuant to which Cofides invested €25 million in shares of ATS in exchange for a share of the dividends and the taxable loss generated by the ATS Project. We purchased Cofides’ stake in ATS on October 2, 2014 and now indirectly own 100% of ATS.

 

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Quadra 1 & Quadra 2

Overview . Transmisora Mejillones, or Quadra 1, is a transmission line project consisting of a 220kV double circuit transmission line that begins at the Encuentro electrical substation that is owned by Transelec and is located in the commune of Maria Elena. Quadra 1 connects to the Sierra Gorda substation owned by Sierra Gorda SCM, a mining company and is located in the commune of Sierra Gorda. The project covers approximately 49 miles. It is comprised of 232 metallic galvanized structures and 293 miles of installed conductors.

Transmisora Baquedano, or Quadra 2, is a transmission line project that provides electricity to the seawater pump stations owned by the Sierra Gorda SCM. It consists of a simple circuit 220kV electric transmission line that begins at the Angamos electrical substation owned by EE Cochrane, an electrical company, and is located in the commune of Mejillones. Quadra 2 connects to the PS1 transformer substation. This section of Quadra 2 covers approximately seven miles. This section is comprised of 29 metallic galvanized structures and has 21 miles of installed conductors. The existing pumps, which are owned by Sierra Gorda, feed from the PS1 substation and the energy is converted by a transformer from 220/110/13.2kV to 110kV to continue through a simple circuit 110kV transmission line up to the PS2 substation. This section of Quadra 2 covers approximately 25 miles. This section is comprised of 165 metallic galvanized structures and has 75 miles of installed conductors.

Abengoa Chile S.A., or Abengoa Chile, began constructing Quadra 1 and Quadra 2 in September 2012 and started operations in December 2013 and January 2014, respectively. Quadra 1 reached COD in April 2014 and Quadra 2 reached COD in March 2014.

Concession Agreement . Both projects have concession agreements with the Sierra Gorda SCM mining company, which is owned by Sumitomo Corporation, Sumitomo Metal Mining and KGHM Polska Mietz. The concession agreement is denominated in U.S. dollars and has a 21-year term that began on the COD. The contract price is indexed to the U.S. CPI.

Sierra Gorda SCM requested additional work on Quadra 2 not initially foreseen, which required an additional capital expenditure of approximately $22 million. Construction of the additional work is substantially finished and has resulted in an increased tariff under the concession agreement with Sierra Gorda SCM.

Engineering, Procurement and Construction Agreements . The construction of both projects has been carried out by Abengoa Chile S.A. under arm’s-length, fixed-price and date-certain EPC contracts. Following the standard Abengoa model, the EPC contracts provide warranties that protect the project against defects in design, materials and workmanship for one year after COD. The project also benefits from a full guarantee from Abengoa in favor of the financing parties of all of the EPC contractor’s obligations under the EPC contracts.

Operations and Maintenance . Quadra 1 and Abengoa Chile S.A. executed an agreement for O&M services at Quadra 1. Abengoa Chile, in turn, subcontracted the O&M of the two land strips at the Encuentro substation to Transelec. This also includes the use of its communication channels down to the CDEC-SING.

Quadra 2 and Abengoa Chile executed an agreement for the provision of O&M services at Quadra 2, subject to certain exceptions. First, the O&M for the land strip that is within the EE Cochrane property will be undertaken by EE Cochrane under an agreement with Abengoa Chile S.A. Second, Gasatacama will undertake the operational representation against the CDEC-SING under an agreement with Abengoa Chile S.A.

Each O&M agreement with Abengoa Chile has a 252-month maturity and is denominated in U.S. dollars and indexed to Chilean CPI and to the average exchange rate.

Project Level Financing . On July 6, 2012, Quadra 1 signed a financing contract for $40.2 million with Credit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank, or CA-CIB, Corpbanca, Banco BICE and the Inter-American

 

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Investment Corporation. The loan is denominated in U.S. dollars. The term of the loan is 16 years and the loan matures on July 30, 2028. The loan has a semi-annual amortization schedule. As of September 30, 2014, Quadra 1 has not made any principal payments. The interest rate is a variable rate based on the six-month LIBOR plus 3.80% for the first seven years after COD and 4.0% thereafter. Quadra 1 signed an interest rate cap hedging contract with CA-CIB that covers 75% of the debt and fixed the six-month LIBOR to a maximum rate of 2.5% per year until maturity.

On November 20, 2012, Quadra 2 signed an initial financing contract for $34.4 million with CA-CIB and Corpbanca. The term of the loan is 16 years and the loan matures on August 31, 2028 and has a semi-annual amortization schedule. As of September 30, 2014, Quadra 2 has not made any principal payments. The interest rate is a variable rate based on the six-month LIBOR plus 3.80% for the first seven years after COD and 4.0% thereafter. Quadra 2 signed an interest rate swap hedging contract with Corpbanca that covers 75% of the debt and fixed the six-month LIBOR to 2.5175% until maturity. Due to the additional work required by Sierra Gorda SCM, an additional debt tranche for a total of $17 million was signed in May 2014. As of September 30, 2014, $84 million in aggregate principal amount was outstanding in respect of Quadra 1 and Quadra 2.

With respect to Quadra 1 and Quadra 2, the financing arrangements restrict cash distribution to shareholders unless a distribution test of 1.20x historical debt service coverage ratio for the previous six months is met.

Palmucho

Palmucho is a short transmission line in Chile that is approximately 6 miles. It delivers energy generated by the Palmucho Plant, which is owned by Endesa Chile, to the SIC. The Palmucho Plant connects to the number 2 circuit of the 220kV Ralco—Charrua transmission line at the 66/220kV Zona de Caida substation. The Palmucho project has been in operation since October 2007. Palmucho has a 14-year concession contract with Endesa Chile. Both parties are obliged to enter into a four-year valid toll contract at the end of the term of the concession contract and the valid toll contract will be renewed for three periods of four years each until one of the parties decides not to renew. Endesa Chile operates the Palmucho project and Abengoa Chile maintains the project. On October 24, 2008, Palmucho signed a long-term debt facility with Corpbanca for $7 million. The loan is denominated in U.S. dollars. The term of the loan is 13 years and the loan matures on October 25, 2021. The loan has a quarterly amortization schedule and the outstanding balance as of September 30, 2014 was $5 million. Endesa Chile has a senior unsecured credit rating of BBB+ from S&P, Baa2 from Moody’s and BBB+ from Fitch.

Exchangeable Preferred Equity Investment in Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding

In addition to the assets listed above, we hold an exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH, a subsidiary holding company of Abengoa that is engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, comprised mostly of transmission lines in various stages of development. The transfer of the preferred equity investment in ACBH was completed immediately prior to our IPO. Abengoa holds 100% of the ordinary shares of ACBH.

Pursuant to the shareholders’ agreement dated April 29, 2014 entered into among us, ACBH and the ordinary shareholders of ACBH, we have the following rights under the exchangeable preferred equity investment:

 

   

During the five-year period commencing on July 1, 2014, we have the right to receive, in four quarterly installments, a preferred dividend of $18.4 million per year. The cash corresponding to such preferred dividends for the five-year period was deposited for this purpose in an account in New York City in U.S. dollars in the amount of $92 million.

 

   

Following the initial five-year period, we will have the option to (i) remain as a preferred equity holder with the right to receive the first $18.4 million that ACBH is able to distribute, if any, or (ii) during a

 

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specified period of time exchange the preferred equity investment into ordinary shares of one or several project companies owned by ACBH at the time of the exchange that yield, based on the then-prevailing conditions, an aggregated recurrent dividend of at least $18.4 million. ACBH and Abengoa will propose specified projects that fulfill the above-described criteria, and which may include minority and/or majority stakes in various operational projects. Our independent board members will then approve or reject the proposal. Any exchange of shares would be subject to relevant approvals, including from regulatory bodies, financing banks or equity partners at the project level. If ACBH cannot secure such approvals following Abengoa’s best efforts, the preferred equity investment will not be exchanged and we will retain the right to receive the first $18.4 million dividend that ACBH approves for distribution, if any. We cannot guarantee, after the initial five-year period, that the $18.4 million distribution will be made, as any distribution will depend, among others, on the actual performance of ACBH or of the project companies into which the preferred equity investment has converted, as the case may be. Furthermore, any such future payments will not be backed by any escrow arrangements.

Pursuant to the terms of a parent support agreement entered into on December 9, 2014 among us, ACBH and Abengoa, Abengoa has guaranteed such dividend for the initial five-year period and in the event that, at any point in time, the amount deposited in New York City in U.S. dollars is lower than the preferred dividend payments that we have the right to receive as of such time, we will be able to retain all payments due to Abengoa and any of its affiliates, including dividends payable on our shares and payments related to all agreements entered into between us and/or our subsidiaries and Abengoa and/or its affiliates, without affecting their respective obligations to continue performing under the relevant contract.

Pursuant to the terms of a deed we entered into with the selling shareholder, generally, in the event the annual dividend paid by ACBH to us as holder of ACBH’s preferred equity is below $18.4 million in any given year, the selling shareholder agreed that we can defer the payment of a portion of the dividend from us to the selling shareholder in an amount equal to such shortfall (similar arrangements will apply if the selling shareholder transfers any of our shares to its subsidiaries (other than us or our subsidiaries), any holding company of the selling shareholder or any other subsidiaries of such holding companies, or the ACI Group). However, any such deferral will be made only if and to the extent that the selling shareholder (or, where relevant, another member of the ACI Group) continues to be a shareholder of ours as of the relevant date. If the ACI Group’s ownership of us falls below a level such that the attributable share of our dividends to the ACI Group falls below $18.4 million, we have the option of requiring the relevant member or members of the ACI Group to purchase part or all of our preferred interest in ACBH so that the preferred dividend payable to us from ACBH following such purchase is equivalent to (but does not exceed) the ACI Group’s share of our dividend going forward.

The deed will cease to be in force when: (i) we cease to hold any exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH; (ii) we elect to exchange all of our preferred equity in ACBH for shares in ACBH’s projects; or (iii) the aggregate amount of dividends from projects owned by ACBH and paid to ACBH and which are freely distributable by ACBH to us reaches a minimum of $36 million per financial year for three consecutive financial years (provided that at that time: (a) all assets held by ACBH have entered into commercial operation and (b) ACBH’s cash flow projections for the following 12 months indicate that ACBH will be able to pay the preferred dividend of $18.4 million to us for the current fiscal year).

 

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The following table summarizes the electric transmission lines owned by the ACBH project companies:

 

Project

  Miles   Abengoa
Ownership
  ACBH
Ownership (1)
  Concession-
Type
Contract
  Concessionaire  

Status

(Historical or Expected Operational

Start Date)

ATE IV (Sao Mateus)

  53   75%   75%   BOOT   ANEEL   Operational (Sept 2010)

ATE V (Londrina)

  82   100%   100%   BOOT   ANEEL   Operational (Oct 2010)

ATE VI (Campos Novos)

  81   100%   100%   BOOT   ANEEL   Operational (Jan 2010)

ATE VII (Foz do Iguacu)

  71   100%   100%   BOOT   ANEEL   Operational (Aug 2009)

Manaus

  364   50.5%   50.5%   BOOT   ANEEL   Operational (Mar 2013)

ATE VIII

  67   50%   50%   BOOT   ANEEL   Operational (Jan 2014)

Norte Brasil

  1,476   51%   51%   BOOT   ANEEL   Operational (Nov 2014)

Linha Verde (2)

  613   51%   51%   BOOT   ANEEL   Construction (1Q 2015)

ATE XVI

  1,128   100%   35.5%   BOOT   ANEEL   Pre-Construction (3Q 2016) (3)

ATE XVII

  178   100%   30.3%   BOOT   ANEEL   Pre-Construction (2Q 2016) (3)

ATE XVIII

  238   100%   100%   BOOT   ANEEL   Pre-Construction (1Q 2016) (3)

ATE XIX

  391   100%   21.1%   BOOT   ANEEL   Pre-Construction (3Q 2016) (3)

ATE XX

  336   100%   32.8%   BOOT   ANEEL   Pre-Construction (3Q 2016) (3)

ATE XXI

  1,094   100%   33.3%   BOOT   ANEEL   Pre-Construction (3Q 2016) (3)

ATE XXII

  228   100%   21.5%   BOOT   ANEEL   Pre-Construction (1Q 2016) (3)
 

 

         

Total

  6,401          
 

 

         

 

(1)

Subsidiaries of Abengoa other than ACBH hold shares in ATE XVI, ATE XVII, ATE XIX, ATE XX, ATE XXI and ATE XXII. We have no equity participation in such stakes.

(2)

Acquisition by Electrobras of the 51% of Linha Verde owned by ACBH is in the process of receiving the necessary approvals for closing, pursuant to a purchase agreement entered into on March 26, 2014. This transaction is not subject to the ROFO Agreement.

(3)

The pre-construction projects will require ACBH to secure all permits required by Brazilian law. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business and the Markets in Which We Operate—We are subject to extensive governmental regulation in a number of different jurisdictions, and our inability to comply with existing regulations or requirements or changes in applicable regulations or requirements may have a negative impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.”

Each project has a 30-year concession agreement, and each concession agreement provides for indemnification and compensation at replacement value of non-depreciated assets at the end of the concession. ANEEL granted the concession agreements to the different project companies through an auction process. The revenues paid by ANEEL are denominated in Brazilian reais and indexed to the IPCA, which is the Brazilian consumer price index.

Projects ATE IV, ATE V, ATE VI, ATE VII, Manaus and Norte each received project financing from the National Bank for Economic and Social Development, or Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Economico e Social , and Norte and Manaus received project financing from Superintendencia do Desenvolvimento da Amazonia , a development institution for projects in certain regions of Brazil.

Manaus, Norte Brasil and Linha Verde are partnerships with different subsidiaries of Electrobras, the Brazilian utility.

ACBH also holds an ownership interest in a hospital facility.

ACBH will not participate in any additional tender of projects, consequently, once the projects listed in the table above are completed, all of ACBH’s portfolio will be operational.

Our Growth Strategy

We intend to grow our cash available for distribution and, in turn, dividend per share, by optimizing the operations of our existing assets and acquiring new contracted revenue-generating assets in operation from Abengoa under the ROFO Agreement, and assets from parties other than Abengoa. Abengoa has informed us of its intention, which is reflected in the ROFO Agreement, that we serve as its primary vehicle for owning, managing and acquiring contracted assets in our primary geographies (North America, Chile, Peru, Uruguay,

 

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Brazil, Colombia and the European Union), and four assets that we have agreed with Abengoa in other selected regions. We believe Abengoa will assist us in pursuing such acquisitions by presenting acquisition opportunities to us. In general, we expect to acquire only assets that are developed and operational, and we expect Abengoa to continue to pursue construction and development opportunities for its own account. Under the ROFO Agreement, Abengoa is not obligated to sell any of the Abengoa ROFO Assets to us by any date or at all. Abengoa may offer and sell to third parties assets that are not yet contracted revenue assets in operation. As a result, we do not know when, if ever, Abengoa will offer us any assets for acquisition. In addition, in the event that Abengoa elects to sell Abengoa ROFO Assets, Abengoa will not be required to accept any offer we make for any such Abengoa ROFO Asset.

We will leverage the ability of Abengoa to develop, build and operate assets in our target sectors and secure contracted assets that we expect to generate accretive growth for our shareholders once purchased by us. We intend to use the following investment guidelines in evaluating prospective acquisitions in order to successfully execute our accretive growth strategy:

 

   

high quality off-takers, with long-term contracted revenue, ideally longer than 20 years;

 

   

project financing in place at each project;

 

   

operations and maintenance contract in place at each project;

 

   

management and operational systems and processes at our level, while leveraging Abengoa’s support and capabilities;

 

   

focus on regions and countries that provide growth opportunities while balancing security and risk considerations, which regions and countries include the United States, Canada, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil, Colombia and the European Union, as well as selected countries in Africa and the Middle East; and

 

   

preference for U.S. dollar-denominated revenues, in the absence of which, we will implement a cost-effective, ad-hoc hedging policy that will support stability of cash flows.

The ROFO Agreement provides us with a right of first offer to acquire the Abengoa ROFO Assets. The following table presents the projects that, based on their maturity stage and cash generation profile, we expect Abengoa to propose to us for evaluation for acquisition in 2015 and 2016:

 

Expected

ROFO

Assets

 

Type

  Ownership   Location  

Currency (1)

 

Capacity

 

Status

  Offtaker   Counterparty
Credit Ratings (2)
  COD/
Expected
COD
  Contract
Years
Left

2015

                                       
Shams   Renewable (CSP)   20%   U.A.E.   U.S. dollar (3)   100 MW   Operational   Abu Dhabi   AA/Aa2/AA   3Q 2013   25
Honaine   Water   25.5%   Algeria   U.S. dollar   7M ft3/day   Operational   Sonatrach   N/A   2012   23
Skikda   Water   37% (4)   Algeria   U.S. dollar   3.5M ft3/day   Operational   Sonatrach   N/A   2009   20
ATN2   Transmission
Line
  40% (4)   Peru   U.S. dollar   81 Miles   Construction   Las
Bambas
  N/A   2Q 2015   25

2016

                                       
3T   Conventional
Power
  100%   Mexico   U.S. dollar   220 MW   Construction   Several   N/A   4Q 2016   20-25
ATN3   Transmission
Line
  40%   Peru   U.S. dollar   220 Miles   Construction   Peru   BBB+/A3/BBB+   4Q 2016   30
Helioenergy 1/2   Renewable (CSP)   50%   Spain   Euro   2x50 MW   Operational   Spain   BBB/
Baa2/BBB+
  2011   23
SPP1   Conventional
Power
  51%   Algeria   Euro   150 MW   Operational   Sonatrach   N/A   3Q 2011   22

 

(1)

Certain contracts denominated in U.S. dollars are payable in local currency.

 

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(2)

Reflects the counterparty’s issuer credit ratings issued by S&P, Moody’s and Fitch.

(3)

Shams’ revenues are denominated in United Arab Emirates dirham, which has been pegged to the U.S. dollar since 1997.

(4)

Abengoa controls Skikda and ATN2.

We expect that, pursuant to the ROFO Agreement, Abengoa will from time to time present us with acquisition opportunities that are expected to fulfill our investment guidelines. If Abengoa offers an Abengoa ROFO Asset to us, we will have 60 days to complete due diligence and negotiate the acquisition of the asset. If we do not agree to purchase the applicable asset after such period, Abengoa will be free to pursue the sale with other potential buyers. Under the ROFO Agreement, Abengoa will not be obligated to sell any of the Abengoa ROFO Assets to us by any date or at all. As a result, we do not know when, if ever, Abengoa will offer any assets for acquisition. In addition, in the event that Abengoa elects to sell Abengoa ROFO Assets, Abengoa will not be required to accept any offer we make for any such Abengoa ROFO Asset. Abengoa also may, following the completion of good-faith negotiations with us during the 60-day period mentioned above, choose to sell Abengoa ROFO Assets to a third party or not to sell the assets at all. However, if we do not reach an agreement, any sale to a third party within 30 months following such 60-day period must be on terms and conditions generally no less favorable to Abengoa than those offered to us. After such 30-month period, the asset will cease to be an Abengoa ROFO Asset. We will pay Abengoa a fee of 1% of the equity purchase price of any Abengoa ROFO Asset that we acquire as consideration for Abengoa granting us the right of first offer.

In addition to the potential acquisition targets for 2015 and 2016 listed above, the following table presents some of the longer term opportunities that Abengoa may present to us for acquisition in the future:

 

Other Possible ROFO

Assets

  

Type

  

Location

  

Capacity

  

Status

Palen

   Renewable (CSP)    United States    150 MW    Development

Pahrump

   Renewable (PV)    United States    90 MW    Development

San Antonio Vista Ridge

   Water    United States    50 million gallons/day    Development

Norte III

   Conventional    Mexico    924 MW    Development

Zapotillo

   Water    Mexico    112 Miles    Pre-Construction

CSP Cerro Dominador

   Renewable (CSP)    Chile    110 MW    Development

PV Atacama

   Renewable (CSP)    Chile    100 MW    Development

Leasing (Nicefield)

   Renewable (Wind)    Uruguay    70 MW    Pre-Construction

Manaus

   Transmission Line    Brazil    364 Miles    Operational

Norte

   Transmission Line    Brazil    1,476 Miles    Construction

ATE IV-VIII

   Transmission Line    Brazil    354 Miles    Operational

ATE XVI-XXIV

   Transmission Line    Brazil    3,863 Miles    Pre-Construction

Ashalim

   Renewable (CSP)    Israel    110 MW    Pre-Construction

Kaxu

   Renewable (CSP)    South Africa    100 MW    Construction

Khi

   Renewable (CSP)    South Africa    50 MW    Construction

Xina

   Renewable (CSP)    South Africa    100 MW    Pre-Construction

Tenes

   Water    Algeria    7M ft3/day    Construction

Nungua

   Water    Ghana    2.1M ft3/day    Construction

Our agreements with Abengoa do not prohibit Abengoa from acquiring or operating contracted assets that fulfill our principles or selling any such assets prior to operation to third parties. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Relationship with Abengoa” and “Related Party Transactions—Project-Level Management and Administration Agreements” for further information.

First Dropdown Assets

Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the ROFO Agreement with Abengoa, in September 2014 we agreed to purchase from Abengoa three renewable energy assets, or the First Dropdown Assets. The total aggregate consideration for the First Dropdown Assets was $312 million (which consideration was determined in part by converting the portion of the purchase price of Solacor 1/2 and PS 10/20 denominated in euros into U.S. dollars

 

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based on the exchange rate on the date on which the payment was made). The First Dropdown Assets were financed with the proceeds of the 2019 Notes and with a portion of the proceeds of the Credit Facility. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness—2019 Notes” and “Description of Certain Indebtedness—Credit Facility.”

On November 18, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Solacor 1/2 through a 30-year usufruct rights contract over the related shares (which includes an option to purchase such shares for one euro during a four-year term); on December 4, 2014, we completed the acquisition of PS 10/20; and on December 29, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Cadonal. Solacor 1/2 has a capacity of 100 MW, PS 10/20 has a capacity of 31 MW and Cadonal has a capacity of 50 MW. Solacor 1/2 and PS 10/20 are CSP plants located in Spain and Cadonal is an on-shore wind farm located in Uruguay. See “—Our Operations—Renewable Energy” for a description of such assets.

Customers and Contracts

We derive our revenue from selling electricity and electric transmission capacity. Our customers are comprised of governments and electrical utilities, the latter with which we typically have entered into PPAs. We also employ concession contracts, typically ranging from 20 to 30 years. See the description of each asset under “—Our Operations” for more detail on each concession contract.

Our main contracts in our business also include the non-recourse project finance contracts with banks or financial institutions and the operation and maintenance contracts of each of our assets. See description of financing and operation and maintenance contracts under “—Our Operations.”

Additionally, we have entered into a ROFO Agreement, an Executive Services Agreement, a Support Services Agreement, a Financial Support Agreement, a Trademark License Agreement, a Governance MOU and a Call Option Agreement with Abengoa. See “Related Party Transactions” for more detail on these contracts.

Competition

Renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission are all capital-intensive and significantly commodity-driven businesses with numerous industry participants. We compete based on the location of our assets and ownership of portfolios of assets in various countries and regions; however, because our assets typically have 20- to 30-year contracts, competition with other asset operations is limited until the expiration of the PPAs. Power generation and transmission are highly regulated businesses in each country in which we operate and are currently highly fragmented and have a diverse industry structure. Our competitors have a wide variety of capabilities and resources. Our competitors include, among others, regulated utilities and transmission companies, other independent power producers and power marketers or trading companies and state-owned monopolies.

Intellectual Property

On June 13, 2014, we entered into a licensing agreement with Abengoa pursuant to which Abengoa granted us a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use the name “Abengoa” and the Abengoa logo. Other than under this limited license, we will not have a legal right to use the “Abengoa” name or the Abengoa logo. On September 10, 2014, Abengoa transferred to us the domain names www.abengoayield.com, www.abengoayield.co.uk and www.abengoayield.es against payment of costs incurred by Abengoa in registering such domain names. Abengoa is entitled to terminate the licensing agreement in the circumstances described under “Related Party Transactions—Trademark License Agreement.”

Regulatory and Environmental Matters

See “Regulation.”

 

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Insurance

We maintain the types and amounts of insurance coverage that we believe are consistent with customary industry practices in the jurisdictions in which we operate. Our insurance policies cover employee-related accidents and injuries, property damage, machinery breakdowns, fixed assets, facilities and liability deriving from our activities, including environmental liability. We maintain business interruption insurance for interruptions resulting from incidents covered by insurance policies. Our insurance policies also cover directors’ and officers’ liability and third-party insurance. We have not had any material claims under our insurance policies that would either invalidate our insurance policies or cause a material increase to our insurance premiums. We cannot assure you, however, that our insurance coverage will adequately protect us from all risks that may arise or in amounts sufficient to prevent any material loss. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business and the Markets in Which We Operate—Our insurance may be insufficient to cover relevant risks and the cost of our insurance may increase.”

Seasonality

Our operating results and cash flows can be significantly affected by weather in some of our most relevant projects, such as the Concentrating Solar Power plants. We expect to derive a majority of our annual revenues in the months of May through September, when demand for electricity is generally at its highest in the majority of our markets and when some of our offtake arrangements provide for higher payments to us.

Employees

As of the date of this prospectus, we only had four employees at Palmatir. Additionally, all members of our management team are currently employees of Abengoa and expect to remain so after the consummation of this offering. No later than June 2015, we expect to employ directly 10 senior managers currently employed by Abengoa who we expect will be transferred to us from Abengoa. For a discussion of the individuals from Abengoa’s management team that are expected to be involved in our business, see “Management.”

Properties

See “—Our Operations.”

Legal Proceedings

We are not a party to any legal proceeding other than legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. We are party to various administrative and regulatory proceedings that have arisen in the ordinary course of business. While we do not expect these proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations, because of the nature of these proceedings we are not able to predict their ultimate outcomes, some of which may be unfavorable to us.

 

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REGULATION

Overview

We operate in a significant number of highly regulated markets. The degree of regulation to which our activities are subject varies by country. In a number of the countries in which we operate, regulation is carried out mainly by national regulatory authorities. In others, such as the United States and, to a certain degree, Spain, there are various additional layers of regulation at the state, regional and/or local level. In countries with these additional layers of regulatory agencies, the scope, nature and extent of regulation may differ among the various states, regions and/or localities.

While we believe the requisite authorizations, permits and approvals for our assets have been obtained and that our activities are operated in substantial compliance with applicable laws and regulations, we remain subject to a varied and complex body of laws and regulations that both public officials and private parties may seek to enforce. The following is a description of the primary industry-related regulations applicable to our assets that are currently in force in the principal markets in which we operate.

Regulation in the United States

In the United States, our electricity generation project companies are subject to extensive federal, state and local laws and regulations that govern the development, ownership, business organization and operation of power generation facilities. The federal government regulates wholesale sales, operation and interstate transmission of electric power through FERC and through other federal agencies, and certain environmental, health and safety matters. State and local governments regulate the siting, permitting, construction and operation of power generation facilities, the retail sale of electricity and certain other environmental, health, safety and permitting matters.

United States Federal Regulation of the Power Generation Facilities and Electric Transmission

The United States federal government regulates the wholesale sale of electric power and the transmission of electricity in interstate commerce through the FERC, which draws its jurisdiction from the FPA, as amended, and from other federal legislation such as the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978, or PURPA, the Energy Policy Act of 1992, and the Energy Policy Act of 2005, or EPACT 2005. EPACT 2005 repealed the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 and replaced it with the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 2005, or PUHCA.

Federal Regulation of Electricity Generators

The FPA provides FERC with exclusive ratemaking jurisdiction over all public utilities that engage in wholesale sales of electricity and/or the transmission of electricity in interstate commerce. The owners of renewable energy facilities selling at wholesale are therefore generally subject to FERC’s ratemaking jurisdiction. FERC may authorize a public utility to make wholesale sales of electric energy and related products at negotiated or market-based rates if the public utility can demonstrate that it does not have, or that it has adequately mitigated, horizontal and vertical market power and that it cannot otherwise erect barriers to market entry. Entities granted market-based rate approval face ongoing filing and compliance requirements. Failure to comply with such requirements may result in a revocation of market-based rate authority, disgorgement of profits, civil penalties or other remedies that FERC finds appropriate based on the specific underlying facts and circumstances. In granting market-based rate approval to a wholesale generator, FERC also typically grants blanket authorizations under Section 204 of the FPA and FERC’s regulations for the issuance of securities and the assumption of debt liabilities.

If the criteria for market-based rate authority are not met, FERC has the authority to impose conditions on the exercise of market rate authority that are designed to mitigate market power or to withhold or rescind market-

 

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based rate authority altogether and require sales to be made based on cost-of-service rates, which could in either case result in a reduction in rates. FERC also has the authority to assess substantial civil penalties (up to $1.0 million per day per violation) for failure to comply with tariff provisions or the requirements of the FPA.

FERC approval under the FPA may be required prior to a change in ownership or control of a 10% or greater voting interest, directly or through one or more subsidiaries, in any public utility (including one of our U.S. project companies) or any public utility assets. FERC approval may also be required for individuals to serve as common officers or directors of public utilities or of a public utility and certain other companies that provide financing or equipment to public utilities.

FERC also implements the requirements of PUHCA applicable to “holding companies” having direct or indirect voting interests of 10% or more in companies that (among other activities) own or operate facilities used for the generation of electricity for sale, which includes renewable energy facilities. PUHCA imposes certain record-keeping, reporting and accounting obligations on such holding companies and certain of their affiliates. However, holding companies that own only exempt wholesale generators, or EWGs, foreign utility companies, and certain qualifying facilities under PURPA are exempt from the federal access to books and records provisions of PUHCA. EWGs are owners or operators of electric generation facilities (including producers of renewable energy, such as solar projects) that are engaged exclusively in the business of owning and/or operating generating facilities and selling electricity at wholesale. An EWG cannot make retail sales of electricity, may only own or operate the limited interconnection facilities necessary to connect its generating facility to the grid, and faces restrictions in transacting business with affiliated regulated utilities.

Regulation of Electricity Sales

Electricity transactions in the United States may be bilateral in nature, whereby two parties contract for the sale and purchase of electricity, subject to various governmental approval processes or guidelines that may apply to the contract, or they may take place within a single, centralized clearing market for purchases and sales of energy, electric generating capacity and ancillary services. Given the limited interconnections between power transmission systems in the United States and differences among market rules, regional markets have formed as part of the power transmission systems operated by regional transmission organizations, or RTOs, or independent system operators, or ISOs, in places such as California, the Midwest, New York, Texas, the Mid-Atlantic region and New England.

Federal Reliability Standards

EPACT 2005 amended the FPA to grant FERC jurisdiction over all users, owners and operators of the bulk power system for the purpose of enforcing compliance with certain standards for the reliable operation of the bulk power system. Pursuant to its authority under the FPA, FERC certified the North American Electric Reliability Corporation, or NERC, as the entity responsible for developing reliability standards, submitting them to FERC for approval, and overseeing and enforcing compliance with them, subject in each case to FERC review. NERC, in turn, has delegated certain monitoring and enforcement powers to regional reliability organizations. Users, owners, and operators of the bulk power system meeting certain materiality thresholds are required to register with the NERC compliance registry and comply with FERC-approved reliability standards.

In the western United States, NERC has a delegation agreement with the Western Electricity Coordinating Council, or WECC, whose service territory extends from Canada to Mexico and includes the provinces of Alberta and British Columbia, the northern portion of Baja California, Mexico, and all or portions of the 14 western states in between. WECC is the regional entity responsible for coordinating, promoting and enforcing bulk power system reliability in its service territory. Any entity that owns, operates or uses any portion of the bulk power system must comply with NERC or WECC’s mandatory reliability standards. Failure to comply with these mandatory reliability standards may subject a user, owner or operator to sanctions, including substantial monetary penalties, which range from $1,000 to $1 million per day per violation for the most severe cases, where companies show negligence and lack evidence of adequate compliance.

 

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Federal Environmental Regulation, Permitting and Compliance

Construction and operation of power generation facilities, including solar power plants, and the generation and electric transmission of renewable energy from such facilities are subject to environmental regulation at the federal, state and local level. State and local regulatory processes are discussed separately in a subsequent section. At the federal level, environmental laws and regulations typically require a lengthy and complex process for obtaining licenses, permits and approvals prior to construction, operation or modification of a generation project or electric transmission facilities. Prior to development, permitting authorities may require that project developers consider and address, among other things, the impact on water resources and water quality, endangered species and other biological resources, compatibility with existing land uses and zoning, agricultural resources, archaeological, paleontological, recreational and cultural considerations, environmental justice and cumulative and visual impacts. In an effort to identify and minimize the potential impacts to these resources, power generation facilities may be required to comply with a myriad of federal regulatory programs and applicable federal permits under the National Environmental Policy Act, or NEPA, the Endangered Species Act, the Clean Water Act, the National Historic Preservation Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, the Environmental Protection and Community Right-to-Know Act and the National Wilderness Preservation Act, among other federal laws.

In addition, various federal environmental, health and safety regulations applicable during the construction phase are also applicable to the operational phase of power generation facilities. During the operational phase, obtaining certain federal permits or federal approval of certain operating documents (e.g., O&M plans, the spill prevention, control and countermeasure plan, and an emergency and preparedness response plan), as well as maintaining strict compliance with such permits or operating documents, is mandatory. Failure to maintain compliance may result in the revocation of any applicable permit or authorization, civil and criminal charges and fines or potentially the closure of the plant.

U.S. Federal Income Tax Incentives and Other Federal Considerations for Renewable Energy Generation Facilities

The United States provides various federal, state and local tax incentives to stimulate investment in renewable energy generation capacity, including solar power. These tax incentives are subject to change and, possibly, elimination in the future. Certain U.S. federal income tax incentives are described below.

Section 1603 U.S. Treasury Grant Program

In lieu of claiming certain U.S. federal income tax credits, in particular, the ITC, owners of eligible solar energy property may be eligible to receive a cash grant from U.S. Treasury equal to 30% of the tax basis of the eligible property. Among other requirements, to be eligible for a 1603 Cash Grant, the eligible property must have been placed in service in 2009, 2010 or 2011 or, for property not placed in service during that period, the construction of the specified energy property must have begun after December 31, 2008 and before January 1, 2012. In addition, eligible solar energy property must be placed in service by January 1, 2017. Applicants who began construction after December 31, 2008 and before January 1, 2012, but who did not place the eligible solar energy property in service prior to October 1, 2012, were required to file a preliminary 1603 Cash Grant application prior to October 1, 2012. These applicants are further required to file a final or “converted” 1603 Cash Grant application no later than 180 days after the eligible solar energy property is placed in service. The preliminary 1603 Cash Grant application for Solana was filed in September 2012, and the final 1603 Cash Grant application for Solana was filed on November 14, 2013 with additional information provided to the U.S. Treasury in 2014. A final award from the U.S. Treasury was made as of October 2014. The preliminary 1603 Cash Grant application for Mojave was filed on September 14, 2012. Since Mojave was recently placed in service, a final 1603 Cash Grant application will be filed in the near future.

 

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The risks associated with the 1603 Cash Grant program are as follows:

 

   

Disqualified Persons: Certain persons, “disqualified persons,” are ineligible to receive the 1603 Cash Grant and are prohibited from owning a direct or indirect interest in otherwise 1603 Cash Grant-eligible solar energy property, unless the indirect interest is held through an entity taxable as a C corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. 1603 Cash Grants are subject to recapture during the five-year period beginning on the date the eligible solar energy property is placed in service. The amount of the 1603 Cash Grant subject to recapture decreases ratably over the five-year recapture period. Among other events, failure of the eligible property to be used for its intended purpose or the direct or indirect transfer to a disqualified person (as described above) will cause recapture of the 1603 Cash Grant.

 

   

Sequestration of Cash Grant Funds: Certain legislation required a mandatory sequestration of discretionary spending if the U.S. Congress failed to reach an agreement on a deficit-reducing budget by March 1, 2013. Because the U.S. Congress did not approve the requisite budget by that deadline, President Obama signed a sequestration order. Under the current sequestration rules, every final decision by U.S. Treasury in respect of a 1603 Cash Grant, evidenced by an award letter that is delivered to a 1603 Cash Grant applicant on or after October 1, 2013 through September 30, 2014, will reflect a 7.2% reduction in the 1603 Cash Grant award amount. For cash grant award letters issued on or after October 1, 2014 through September 30, 2015, the Office of Management and Budget has estimated that the sequestration reduction will be 7.3%. This reduction applies regardless of the date on which the application for a 1603 Cash Grant was received by U.S. Treasury.

Federal Loan Guarantee Program

The DOE, in an effort to promote the rapid deployment of renewable energy and electric power transmission projects, is authorized to grant guarantees with respect to certain loans to renewable energy projects and related manufacturing facilities and electric power transmission projects under Section 1703 of EPACT 2005. Previously, the DOE also granted guarantees with respect to certain loans made under Section 1705 of EPACT 2005. In order to have qualified for the Section 1705 program, physical construction must have commenced at the primary site of the project on or before September 30, 2011. NEPA review must have been completed prior to the issuance of a loan guarantee. In May 2011, the Section 1705 program expired by statute, and the DOE announced that it would no longer accept new applications under that program. On September 30, 2011, the Section 1705 loan guarantee program closed with no further loan guarantees to be issued. Loan guarantees under Section 1703 continue to be available for solar. However, eligibility is limited. The applicant must be located in the United States and may include foreign ownership so long as the project is located in one of the 50 states, the District of Columbia or a United States territory. The project must employ a new or significantly improved technology that is not a commercial technology. A commercial technology is defined as in general use in the commercial marketplace in the United States at the time the term sheet is issued by the DOE. A technology is considered to be in commercial use if it has been installed in and is being used in three or more commercial projects in the United States and has been in operation in each such commercial project for at least five years. The project must also pay prevailing wages under the Davis-Bacon Act.

Accelerated Depreciation under Federal Regulation

Owners of eligible solar energy property also benefit from accelerated depreciation of the property over a five-year period under the MACRS under the IRC. Most of the equipment used in Concentrating Solar Power projects, such as Solana and Mojave, qualifies for five-year depreciation under MACRS. In addition, some equipment used in Concentrating Solar Power projects may qualify for bonus depreciation for equipment placed in service.

 

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DOE Research Grants, State Energy Funding, Workforce Training, and Other Initiatives under the ARRA

The DOE received funding under the ARRA, which it has disbursed or is in the process of disbursing, to increase solar power production. Some funds were allocated as grants to support research and the development, demonstration, and deployment of projects. Funds were awarded to states on the basis of their electric consumption to fund energy efficiency, renewable energy, and other energy programs. ARRA funds were allocated with the purpose of providing workforce training with respect to renewable energy and energy efficiency. A number of initiatives were funded by the DOE with ARRA monies, including initiatives addressing solar market transformation, the integration of PV generation into the distribution system, and base load CSP generation.

State and Local Regulation of the Electricity Industry in the United States

State regulatory agencies in the United States have jurisdiction over the rates and terms of electricity service to retail customers. Regulated investor-owned utilities often must obtain state approval for the contracts through which they purchase electricity, including renewable energy, if they seek to pass along the costs of these contracts to their retail ratepayers. Municipal utilities and electric cooperatives are typically governed on these matters by their city councils or elected boards of directors. Different states apply different standards for determining acceptable prices for utility procurement contracts, including PPAs. Our electricity generation project companies operate in Arizona and California. Information about the regulatory frameworks in Arizona and California is provided below.

United States State-Level Incentives

In addition to federal legislation, many states have enacted legislation, principally in the form of renewable portfolio standards, or RPS, which generally require electric utilities to generate or purchase a certain percentage of their electricity supplied to consumers from renewable resources. In certain states, it is not only mandatory to meet these percentages from renewable resources, which in general are on the increase, but also electric utilities may be required to generate or purchase a percentage of their electricity supplied to consumers from specific renewable energy technologies, including solar technology. Depending upon the state, various certifications, permits, contracts and approvals may be required in order for a project to qualify for particular RPS programs. Some states, for example, require that only renewable energy generated in-state counts towards the RPS. According to the Database of State Incentives for Renewable Energy, as of August 2014, 49 states and United States territories have adopted some type of RPS standards. Although there is currently no federal RPS program, there have been proposals to create a federal RPS standard for renewable energy.

Renewable Energy Certificates, or RECs, are typically used in conjunction with RPS programs as tradable certificates demonstrating that a certain number of kWh have been generated from renewable resources. Under many RPS programs, a utility may generally demonstrate, through its ownership of RECs, that it has supported an amount of renewable energy generation equal to its state-mandated RPS percentage. The sale of RECs can represent a significant additional revenue stream for renewable energy generators. In RPS states where a liquid REC market does not exist, renewable energy can be bought or sold through “bundled” PPAs, where the PPA price includes the price for renewable energy attributes. Some states require that RECs and the associated electricity be purchased together in order to count towards the RPS. In states that do not have RPS requirements, certain entities buy RECs voluntarily. These RECs generally have lower prices than RECs that are used to meet RPS obligations. The price of RECs can vary significantly, depending on their availability, which in turn depends upon the amount of renewable generation that has been put in service in a state that has implemented RPS requirements. In some states, the number of successful projects has generated more RECs than required to meet the applicable RPS requirements for a given year or years, leading to steep drops in the market price for RECs. Additionally, demand for RECs can be driven by requirements (such as those imposed under the California Environmental Quality Act) that development projects mitigate potential significant GHG impacts identified in connection with environmental clearances.

 

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Effective December 10, 2011, California enacted legislation that increases its existing RPS to 25% by 2016 and 33% by 2020, and expands the program to cover publicly-owned utilities, in addition to investor-owned utilities, or IOUs. In addition, the California Solar Initiative, or CSI, sets a goal of 1,940 MW of solar capacity by the end of 2016. The CSI provides monetary incentives for solar installation between 1 kW and 5 MW in size as well as grants for research, development, and demonstration. California’s feed-in tariff program obligates IOUs to purchase solar generation at a standard price until a purchase threshold is crossed. Colorado set an RPS of 30% by 2020 for IOUs, permits the trading of RECs, and requires that 3% of the RPS be met by distributed generation in 2020 for IOUs. Arizona set an RPS of 15% by 2025, with 30% of the RPS to be met from distributed generation. A Texas law signed in August 2005 requires that 5,880 MW of new renewable generation be built by 2015. The law also set a target of having 10,000 MW of renewable generation capacity by 2025. Additionally, Texas law establishes a minimum of 500 MW of non-wind renewable generation, and doubles the RPS compliance value provided by non- wind generation.

Other incentives that states and localities have adopted to encourage the development of renewable resources include property and state tax exemptions and abatements, state grants, and rebate programs. In addition, a number of states collect electricity surcharges on residential and commercial users and through public benefit funds reinvest some of these funds in renewable energy projects. California offers a property tax incentive for certain solar energy systems installed between January 1, 1999 and December 31, 2016. The Arizona Department of Revenue provides a corporate tax credit based on production for solar, wind, or biomass systems that are 5 MW or larger and are installed on or after December 31, 2010 and before January 1, 2021.

Solar generation may also be incentivized by state GHG emission reduction measures, such as California’s cap and trade scheme, which caps and reduces GHG emissions. The California cap and trade program went into effect with respect to the electricity and other sectors starting in 2013.

Arizona

Regulation of Retail Electricity Service in Arizona

The Arizona Corporation Commission, or ACC, has complete and exclusive jurisdiction over the rates and terms under which regulated utilities may provide electricity service to retail customers in Arizona. Under the Arizona Constitution, the ACC has unilateral authority over all utility regulation, including electric and natural gas utilities. The ACC also oversees all rate cases for its jurisdictional utilities, and as such has oversight of renewable energy procurement contracts by regulated electric utilities. Under Arizona’s Renewable Energy Standard & Tariff, or REST, regulated electric utilities must supply an increasing percentage of their retail electric energy sales from eligible renewable resources, including solar, wind, biomass, biogas and geothermal technologies. The renewable energy requirement is 4.5% of retail electric sales in 2014 and increases annually until it reaches 15% in 2025.

Unlike many other state regulatory commissions, the ACC does not approve PPAs executed by regulated utilities, nor does it issue rulings of “prudency” regarding PPAs. This practice leaves a utility somewhat at risk of recovering its costs until a successful rate case finding is rendered by the ACC. Rate recovery requests may not be filed until the utility begins to make actual expenditures for power procurement. In the case of Solana, however, the power purchaser, Arizona Public Service Company, or APS, voluntarily sought a hearing before the ACC to request its informal opinion of the prudency of the Solana PPA. After ACC staff conducted an analysis of the costs and benefits of Solana to Arizona ratepayers, it recommended to the ACC commissioners that the PPA should be deemed “a reasonable means” by which APS could meet its requirements under the REST. The ACC affirmed the staff’s recommendation on September 30, 2008, thereby providing greater assurance of APS’s successful rate recovery request. APS is expected to file its full rate recovery request in 2016.

 

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Performance and Operational Provisions of Solana’s PPA

The PPA executed between APS and Solana’s project company, Arizona Solar, contains provisions related to guarantees of performance (e.g., provision of minimum annual renewable energy certificates, or REC, eligible energy quantities to APS). The provisions are largely intended to protect APS’ ability to meet its mandatory requirements under the REST, and to prevent APS from having to procure REC eligible power elsewhere at an unknown, and presumably higher, cost than the PPA price.

Siting and Construction of New Power Generation Facilities in Arizona

The Arizona Power Plant & Transmission Line Siting Committee, or Siting Committee, oversees utility and private developer applications to build power plants (of 100 MW or more) or transmission projects (of 115,000 volts or more) within Arizona. The Siting Committee holds public meetings and evidentiary hearings to determine whether a proposed generation or transmission project is compatible with preservation of the state’s environmental protection interests, and if the finding is affirmative, makes a recommendation to the ACC to grant a Certificate of Environmental Compatibility, or CEC, to the applicant. The ACC then has authority to approve, decline or modify the Siting Committee’s recommendation.

The ACC granted CECs to Solana on December 11, 2008, for both the 280 MW solar generation project and its associated 20.8-mile, 230 kilovolt transmission line. Both the generation facility and transmission line CECs contain obligatory conditions and stipulations, none of which could present a risk to Solana during the operational phase.

Other Arizona Permitting and Compliance Frameworks

Various state and county regulations, mostly related to the environment, public health and safety, are applicable during the operational phase of a solar power plant located in Maricopa County, Arizona. Such regulations include the Arizona Aquifer Water Quality Standards and Aquifer Protection Permit Rules, the Maricopa County Special Use Permit Stipulations, the Maricopa County Air Pollution Control Regulations, and the Maricopa County Zoning Ordinances and Regulations. Obtaining a permit or requesting the approval of certain operating plans, as well as strict compliance with such permits and plans, is mandatory. Failure to comply may result in the revocation of the permit or authorization, civil and criminal charges and fines, or potentially the closure of Solana.

In addition, in accordance with the NEPA designation of a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) issued by the DOE, Solana must comply with certain water requirements due to the reduction in tail water runoff being contributed to a wash located near the site. In coordination with Arizona Game & Fish Department and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Solana must provide 447 acre-feet of water annually as a direct off-set to the reduction in tail water runoff from the site. This requirement is for the duration of Solana, and failure to comply would trigger an administrative procedure that could cause temporary closure of the plant until the non-compliance condition is cured.

Regulations Affecting Operating Generating Facilities in Arizona

Many of the permits obtained for Solana carry specific conditions that must be complied with during the operational phase of the facility and which are continuously monitored, measured, and documented by the Solana plant operators. The primary obligations that commenced during commissioning and/or commercial operation are those related to reliability, emergency response, potential hazards of waste disposal, and human health and safety. These requirements originate with federal laws, and in many cases are enforced via delegated authority from the appropriate federal agency to a state or county agency. These include:

 

   

NERC Reliability Standards and Critical Infrastructure Plans, delegated to WECC as the regional authority;

 

   

Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act, delegated to the Arizona Division of Emergency Management;

 

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Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, delegated to EPA Region 9 in San Francisco, California; and

 

   

Occupational Safety and Health Administration federal requirements.

California

Regulation of Retail Electricity Service in California

The California Public Utilities Commission, or CPUC, governs, among other entities, California’s three large investor-owned utilities, including Pacific Gas & Electric Company, or PG&E. PG&E is required to file an RPS procurement plan annually with the CPUC. Once the CPUC approves the plan, PG&E issues a request for offers, or RFO, for renewable energy. It then evaluates all of the bids using a “least-cost, best-fit” evaluation process approved by the CPUC and develops a short list of acceptable bids. In August 2008, Mojave was submitted as a renewable solar thermal project in response to PG&E’s 2008 RFO solicitation and placed on their short list. After two years of negotiations, PG&E and Mojave Solar executed a final PPA, for which PG&E filed with the CPUC an advice letter requesting approval of the PPA in July 2011. The CPUC reviewed the PPA and approved the contract by issuing a formal decision in November 2011. The terms of the PPA govern Mojave during its development, construction and operating period. The CPUC historically does not retroactively apply new regulations or rulings to previously approved PPAs that would result in any economic impact.

Performance and Operational Provisions of Mojave’s PPA

The PPA executed between PG&E and Mojave’s project company, Mojave Solar, contains provisions related to guarantees of performance (e.g., provision of minimum annual REC eligible energy quantities to PG&E). The provisions are largely intended to protect PG&E’s ability to meet its mandatory requirements established by the CPUC, and to prevent PG&E from having to procure REC eligible power elsewhere at an unknown, and presumably higher, cost than the PPA price.

Siting and Construction of New Power Generation Facilities in California

The California Energy Commission, or CEC, is the lead agency for licensing thermal power plants 50 MW and larger under the California Environmental Quality Act and has a certified regulatory program under such Act. The CEC is comprised of five commissioners, two of whom oversee all hearings, workshops and related proceedings on a specific project. The CEC’s siting process evaluates Applications for Certification, or AFCs, to ensure that only power plants which are actually needed will be built, provides review by independent staff with technical expertise in public health and safety, environmental sciences, engineering and reliability, ensures simultaneous review and full participation by all state and local agencies, as well as coordination with federal agencies, resulting in issuance of one regulatory permit within a specific time frame, with full opportunity for participation by public and interest groups.

On August 10, 2009, Mojave’s AFC for its nominal 250 MW project was filed with the CEC. The CEC approved Mojave’s AFC with the CEC decision issued on September 8, 2010. The CEC monitors the power plant’s construction, operational phase and eventual decommissioning through a compliance proceeding.

Regulations Affecting Operating Generating Facilities in California

Mojave must maintain compliance with the CEC decision conditions of certification. These concern, among others, biological resources, health and safety, cultural resources, fire safety, and water. The conditions require Mojave to provide plans, notifications, and other reports on an ongoing basis. As noted above, such compliance is monitored by CEC staff. Per the CEC decision, “[f]ailure to comply with any of the Conditions of Certification or the compliance conditions may result in reopening of the case and revocation of Energy Commission

 

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certification; an administrative fine; or other action as appropriate.” Additional regulations are administered by the California Independent System Operator and under the terms of the federally administered Large Generator Interconnection Agreement.

Regulation in Mexico

Overview

The following is a description of the regulation of the Mexican power industry applicable to the conventional generation of electricity.

Pursuant to the Mexican Constitution, the electricity industry in Mexico was entirely controlled by the federal government, acting through the Federal Electricity Commission, Comision Federal de Electricidad, or CFE, an entity wholly owned and controlled by the Mexican government, and legally independent from the Ministry of Energy, Secretaria de Energia . CFE was the only entity authorized to provide electricity directly to the public and to supply services to the Mexican wholesale market. CFE was also responsible for the construction and maintenance of infrastructure necessary for the delivery of electricity, such as the national electric grid, the Sistema Electrico Nacional , or SEN.

As a result of Mexico’s energy reform bill enacted on December 21, 2013, articles 25, 27 and 28 of the Mexican Constitution were amended in order to end the long-standing state monopoly in the oil, petrochemical and power sectors, and allow private investment in these areas for their development in an open market. Hence, the power generation sector will be open to full private participation and investment, creating a competitive spot market in power generation, although electric transmission and distribution will remain public services to be provided exclusively by CFE. With the enactment of the secondary legislation, the generation, transmission, distribution and commercialization of power in Mexico will be governed by a new legal framework which will likely improve the development of the sector.

Notwithstanding the legal changes, we do not expect any negative consequences for Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco, or ACT, or for the power generated and delivered to Pemex Gas y Petroquimica Basica.

Until the recent energy reform, the whole set of activities regarding generation, transmission, distribution and commercialization of power for public use were considered areas of national strategic importance. As a result, such activities were carried out exclusively by CFE. The national electric grid was also controlled by CFE through the Centro Nacional de Control de Energia , or the CENACE, which operated the national electric grid and controlled delivery of all electricity generated by CFE and private generators connected to the grid. CFE is a vertically-integrated state monopoly that serves the whole country, and CENACE is a semi-independent agency that is part of CFE. As a result of the energy reform, CENACE became a decentralized public agency, which will continue to be responsible for the operation and control of the national electric grid with the aim of having an impartial third party (not CFE) operate the wholesale electricity market, guaranteeing open access to the national electric grid for both transmission and distribution of electricity. CENACE will soon emerge as an Independent System Operator, or ISO, which is a figure adopted worldwide in other mature energy markets.

The generation, transmission and distribution of electricity were regulated by the Le y del Servicio Publico de Energia Electrica , or Electricity Law; enacted in 1975 and amended in 1992. Since the implementation of the 1992 amendment to the Electricity Law, private entities have been allowed to participate in the following activities not considered public utility services, as defined by such law:

 

   

Cogeneration . The electricity produced is used to supply power to the establishments associated with the cogeneration process and/or the shareholders of the cogeneration company;

 

   

Self-Supply Generation. The electricity produced is used for the self-supply purposes of the holder of the relevant self-supply power generation permit and/or its shareholders;

 

   

Independent Power Production. All the electricity produced is delivered to CFE;

 

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Small-Scale Production. The electricity produced does not exceed 30 MW and is used for export purposes or the supply of all power output is sold to CFE;

 

   

Exports . The electricity produced is exported in its entirety; and

 

   

Imports for Independent Consumption . The import of power is used for self-supply purposes.

The regulatory framework of the Mexican power industry is undergoing a transitory period, as the energy reform is still in the process of being fully implemented, given that the secondary legislation derived from such amendments to the Mexican Constitution was published in the Official Federal Gazette, or Diario Oficial de la Federacion , on August 11, 2014, and there are still several regulatory instruments pending issuance. See “—Transitory Regime.”

The changes made by the energy reform will be implemented through a profound modification of the legal framework that has governed the development of the energy industry in the country, which involves the entrance into force of new laws and the amendment of current laws.

The new laws are listed below:

 

   

Oil and Gas Law, or Ley de Hidrocarburos ;

 

   

Electric Industry Law, or Ley de la Industria Electrica ;

 

   

Geothermal Energy Law, or Ley de Energia Geotermica ;

 

   

Petroleos Mexicanos Law, or Ley de Petroleos Mexicanos ;

 

   

Federal Electricity Commission Law, or Ley de la Comision Federal de Electricidad ;

 

   

Energy Regulatory Bodies Law, or Ley de los Organos Reguladores Coordinados en Materia Energetica ;

 

   

National Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection Law of the Oil and Gas Sector, or Ley de la Agencia Nacional de Seguridad Industrial y de Proteccion al Medio Ambiente del Sector Hidrocarburos ;

 

   

Mexican Petroleum Fund for Stabilization and Development, or Ley del Fondo Mexicano del Petroleo para la Estabilizacion y el Desarrollo ; and

 

   

Oil and Gas Revenue Law, or Ley de Ingresos sobre Hidrocarburos .

Additionally, 12 laws were amended in order to unify their content with the new regulatory framework. The following are the amended laws:

 

   

Foreign Investment Law, or Ley de Inversion Extranjera ;

 

   

Mining Law, or Ley Minera ;

 

   

Private Public Partnerships Law, or Ley de Asociaciones Publico Privadas ;

 

   

National Water Law, or Ley de Aguas Nacionales ;

 

   

Federal Law of Government-Owned Entities, or Ley Federal de las Entidades Paraestatales ;

 

   

Public Sector Acquisitions, Leases and Services Law, or Ley de Adquisiciones, Arrendamientos y Servicios del Sector Publico ;

 

   

Public Works and Related Services Law, or Ley de Obras Publicas y Servicios Relacionados con las mismas ;

 

   

Organizational Law of the Federal Government, or Ley Organica de la Administracion Publica Federal ;

 

   

Federal Fees Law, or Ley Federal de Derechos ;

 

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Fiscal Coordination Law, or Ley de Coordinacion Fiscal ;

 

   

Federal Budget and Treasury Accountability Law, or Ley Federal de Presupuesto y Responsabilidad Hacendaria ; and

 

   

General Public Debt Law, or Ley General de Deuda Publica .

Furthermore, on October 31, 2014, the following regulations and regulatory instruments, which will contribute to the implementation of the aforementioned secondary legislation, were published in the Official Federal Gazette:

 

   

Regulations of the Oil and Gas Law, or Reglamento de la Ley de Hidrocarburos ;

 

   

Regulations of the activities referred to in Chapter Three of the Oil and Gas Law, or Reglamento de las actividades a que se refiere el T i tulo Tercero de la Ley de Hidrocarburos ;

 

   

Oil and Gas Revenue Law Regulations, or Reglamento de la Ley de Ingresos sobre Hidrocarburos ;

 

   

Electric Industry Law, or Reglamento de la Ley de la Industria El e ctrica ;

 

   

Geothermal Energy Law Regulations, or Reglamento de la Ley de Energ i a Geot e rmica ;

 

   

Regulations of Petroleos Mexicanos Law, or Reglamento de la Ley de Petr o leos Mexicanos ;

 

   

Regulations of the Federal Commission of Electricity Law, or Reglamento de la Ley de la Comisi o n Federal de Electricidad ;

 

   

Internal Regulations of the Ministry of Energy, or Reglamento Interior de la Secretar i a de Energ i a ; and

 

   

Internal Regulations of the National Agency of Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection, or Reglamento Interior de la Agencia Nacional de Seguridad Industrial y de Protecci o n al Medio Ambiente del Sector Hidrocarburos .

Additionally, the executive branch also published the following decrees, which amended the existing regulations of different laws and which are relevant for the development of the energy sector:

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Public Partnerships Law Regulation, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento de la Ley de Asociaciones P u blico Privadas ;

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Federal Budget and Treasury Accountability Law, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Presupuesto y Responsabilidad Hacendaria ;

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Internal Regulation for the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento Interior de la Secretar i a de Hacienda y Cr e dito P u blico ;

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Regulations of the Mining Law, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento de la Ley Minera ;

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Regulations of the Foreign Investment Law and of the National Registry of Foreign Investment, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento de la Ley de Inversi o n Extranjera y del Registro Nacional de Inversiones Extranjeras ;

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Internal Regulations of the Ministry of Economics, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento Interior de la Secretar i a de Econom i a ;

 

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Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Internal Regulations of the Ministry of Agrarian, Territory and Urban Development, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento Interior de la Secretar i a de Desarrollo Agrario, Territorial y Urbano ;

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Regulations of the General Law for Sustainable Forestry Development, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento de la Ley General de Desarrollo Forestal Sustentable ;

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Regulations of the General Law of Ecological Balance and Environmental Protection on Environmental Impact Assessment, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento de la Ley General del Equilibrio Ecol o gico y la Protecci o n al Ambiente en Materia de Evaluaci o n del Impacto Ambiental ;

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Regulations of the General Law of Ecological Balance and Environmental Protection regarding prevention and Control of Air Pollution, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento de la Ley General del Equilibrio Ecol o gico y la Protecci o n al Ambiente en Materia de Prevenci o n y Control de la Contaminaci o n de la Atm o sfera ;

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions for the Regulations of the General Law for Prevention and Integral Waste Management, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento de la Ley General para la Prevenci o n y Gesti o n Integral de Residuos ;

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Regulations of the General Law of Ecological Balance and Environmental Protection on Environmental Zoning, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento de la Ley General del Equilibrio Ecol o gico y la Protecci o n al Ambiente en Materia de Ordenamiento Ecol o gico ;

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Regulations of the General Law of Ecological Balance and Environmental Protection regarding Emissions to the Atmosphere and Transfer of Pollutants, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento de la Ley General del Equilibrio Ecol o gico y la Protecci o n al Ambiente en Materia de Registro de Emisiones y Transferencia de Contaminantes ;

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Internal Regulations of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento Interior de la Secretar i a de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales ; and

 

   

Decree amending and supplementing various provisions of the Regulations of the General Law of Ecological Balance and Environmental Protection on Self-Regulation and Environmental Audits, or Decreto por el que reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Reglamento de la Ley General del Equilibrio Ecologico y la Proteccion al Ambiente en Materia de Autorregulacion y Auditorias Ambientales .

Conventional Electricity Generation in Mexico

The former legal framework for conventional electricity generation in Mexico included the regulation of fossil fuels, such as carbon, diesel, fuel oil and natural gas, as well as nuclear fission regulation, which includes nuclear power plants and all related activities.

Accordingly, power generation under independent power production or self-supply schemes was not considered a public utility service and, therefore, could be performed by private companies and individuals pursuant to permits issued by the Energy Regulatory Commission, Comision Reguladora de Energia , or CRE. The CRE is a federal agency created in 1995 in order to enforce the laws and regulations relating to natural gas

 

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and electricity, and has the authority to issue permits, set tariffs, supervise, ensure adequate supply and, in the case of gas, promote competition.

As previously indicated, the Mexican federal government, acting through CFE, controlled the entire chain of activities related to electric power, including generation, sale, distribution and transmission. The energy reform allows the private sector to openly participate in two important parts of the production chain: the generation and the sale of electricity.

Pursuant to the reform, the private energy sector will be able to invest in electricity generation with the requisite permits. While the sale of electricity by private parties has not yet begun in Mexico under the new legal framework, privately sold electricity will be transmitted and distributed by CFE.

The reforms are expected to have positive effects on the electricity industry in Mexico, allowing the private sector to play an active role where a government monopoly once existed, generating greater investment and better technology.

As a result of the energy reform, the electricity sector will cease to be a chain of activities vertically integrated in a partially privatized sector, and become an area open to private investment in which, although CFE will maintain control, the possibility of private sector investment will be increased through a more flexible regulatory scheme that permits the execution of contracts to carry out various activities and the creation of new markets in the electricity sector. Among the most significant changes are the following:

 

   

Participation open to the private sector in the generation of electricity through a permit granted by CRE. Private parties may also sell the energy generated and transmitted by CFE through commercial schemes.

 

   

Participation of the private sector, together with CFE, in the activities of transmission and distribution through the execution of the corresponding contracts.

 

   

Participation of the private sector in activities of financing, maintenance, management, operation and expansion of the power infrastructure through service contracts with CFE, with adequate compensation.

 

   

Transformation of the CENACE, currently under the CFE, into a decentralized public body responsible for the operational control of the national electric grid, so that it is an impartial third party (and not the CFE) that operates the wholesale electricity market, guaranteeing open access to the national electric grid, for both transmission and distribution of electric power.

 

   

Creation of the Wholesale Electricity Market, Mercado Electrico Mayorista , or MEM, operated by the CENACE, in which the participants may carry out electric power purchase and sale transactions through contracts between the participants in the MEM. The CENACE will be responsible for managing the supply and demand of the MEM participants, carrying out transactions and generating prices continuously. The price that will be paid in the MEM transactions will be a competitive price, reflecting the costs of generation and other operating costs of electricity, as well as the volume of electric power demanded and supplied in the MEM.

 

   

Creation of the trader, under the new Electric Industry Law, as the holder of a MEM participant agreement, which purpose is to carry out trading activities (execution of contracts for purchase and sale of electricity within the MEM, among others). The traders may sign contracts with qualified users (through the provider-trader) or execute such contracts with other traders (non-provider trader).

 

   

The permits granted by the CRE under the currently repealed Electricity Law, will continue in force under its terms. The holders of those permits that choose to remain under the provisions of the Electricity Law may, at any time, transfer to the new rules.

 

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The Geothermal Energy Law, the purpose of which is to regulate the recognition, exploration and exploitation of geothermal resources for the use of underground thermal energy within the limits of Mexican territory, in order to generate electricity or use it otherwise.

 

   

The activities regulated by the Geothermal Energy Law are considered to be in the public interest and their development will have preference over activities of other sectors when there is a conflict.

 

   

The activities pursued under the Geothermal Energy Law will be carried out through different registries, permits, authorizations and concessions granted by the competent authorities applicable for each case. For exploration activities, a permit will be sufficient, while for exploitation activities, a concession will be required.

 

   

Amendment of several articles of the National Water Law, for the purpose of (i) adapting certain definitions of that law to the new definitions introduced by the Geothermal Energy Law; (ii) including geothermal fields under regulated, prohibited or reserved zones; and (iii) establishing the obligation of requesting the relevant permits, authorizations and concessions from the National Water Commission in order to engage in the activities of geothermal fields exploration.

Electric Industry Law

The Electric Industry Law, as part of the package of secondary legislation that will implement the constitutional energy reform, regulates planning activities, the control of the national electric grid, the public services of transmission and distribution of electricity, and all other activities related to the Mexican energy industry, in order to promote the sustainable development of the industry and to ensure its continuous, efficient, and secure operation for the benefit of all users, as well as the fulfillment of the obligations to provide a general and public service of electricity, to develop clean energies, and to reduce contaminating emissions.

Pursuant to the Electric Industry Law, the government will hold the operational control of the national electric grid, through the CENACE, and CENACE, as an ISO, will indicate the elements for the national transmission grid and the related operations which may correspond to the wholesale market.

Regulations of the Electric Industry Law

The Regulations of the Electric Industry Law provide details for the application of the Electric Industry Law and complete the implementation of the restructured electric industry in Mexico.

These regulations expand on certain administrative procedures in the electric industry, such as the development of public bidding procedures by CFE, for private sector contracts for activities related to the national electric grid; the specific requirements for the application for power generation and power supply permits with CRE; the process for infrastructure contributions by the private sector to the State; and the registration of participants in the wholesale spot market with CENACE.

Permits and Authorizations

Pursuant to the Electric Industry Law, all power plants with a capacity greater than or equal to 0.5 MW and all power plants of all capacities represented by a generator (i.e., the holder of one or more generation permits or holder of a wholesale market participant agreement that represents the corresponding power plants in the wholesale market or, prior authorization granted by CRE, power plants located abroad) will require a generation permit granted by CRE. Authorization granted by CRE will also be required for the import of electricity from a power plant located abroad and interconnected exclusively to the national electric grid. Power plants of any capacity exclusively intended for personal use during emergencies or interruptions in electric supply will not require a permit.

 

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The Electric Industry Law provides for several requirements which generators who represent power plants interconnected to the national electric grid will have to comply with, including, among others, the execution of the corresponding interconnection agreements, issued by CRE. Regarding the production of their power plants, generators may carry out commercialization activities which include, among others, the following: (i) representing exempt generators (i.e., owner or holder of one or more power plants which do not require or have a generation permit) in the MEM; (ii) carrying out sale and purchase transactions of energy, related services included in the MEM, and power or other products which ensure enough resources to meet the electric demand, and all other products, duties or penalties required for the efficient operation of the national electric grid, among others; and (iii) executing, among others, the corresponding electric coverage agreements (i.e., agreement entered into by participants of the MEM which purpose is the sale and purchase of electric energy or related products) with other MEM participants, including other generators, traders (i.e., holder of a MEM participant agreement which purpose is to carry out commercialization activities), and qualified users (i.e., final user who is registered before CRE to acquire electricity supply as a MEM participant or through a qualified provider).

Pursuant to the former legal framework for the Mexican electric industry, permits for self-supply, cogeneration, independent production, small production, import, and export of electricity were granted by CRE for indefinite periods of time, except for independent power producer permits, which were granted for 30-year renewable terms. In addition to the legal and technical requirements established by law to obtain such permits, CFE’s approval was required as part of CRE’s permit approval process. Pursuant to the transitory regime, such permits will be in force for the duration of the corresponding interconnection agreements executed under their scope.

CRE may also issue a supply permit for private parties, which will allow companies to participate in the MEM by carrying out transactions with final users, which are called “qualified users.” In this sense, private parties may supply power directly to consumers through bilateral long-term agreements, which will be partially regulated by the CRE.

Consequently, the Mexican power industry had been divided into two main areas: (i) the public service of electricity under CFE’s control, and (ii) the activities where private parties may be involved (such as where CFE actively promoted private investment in the construction and operation of power plants for supplying CFE and private parties under self-supply and cogeneration schemes).

While power generated in Mexico is still predominantly generated by CFE, there is a large amount of electricity generated by private energy producers, which generally fall under the categories of independent power production and self-supply generation, although cogeneration has come to be a relevant source of power as a result of certain amendments enacted in 2006 which allowed Pemex to develop new cogeneration projects independently and in collaboration with CFE. These amendments allowed Pemex to enter into the Pemex conversion services agreement and to receive the power generated by ACT.

As a consequence of the corresponding reforms the issuance of a new class of permit available to those interested in generating electricity is provided for pursuant to the Electric Industry Law. This permit will expand the ways in which entities are allowed to participate as energy producers under the Electric Industry Law and is within the scope of the CRE’s regulatory control.

The permits provided for in the Electric Industry Law will be, as aforementioned, granted and issued by CRE, upon prior submission of the corresponding application, payment of the corresponding duties, all relevant legal and technical information, and project description. Such permits will be terminated or revoked pursuant to the different scenarios indicated in the Electric Industry Law and its regulations, and as determined by CRE.

The regulations lists the documentation to be submitted to apply for a permit with CRE, as well as the corresponding timeline for the application procedure and the essential elements that CRE must include in the permit title.

 

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Transmission and Distribution of Electricity in Mexico

Pursuant to the Electric Industry Law, regarding conventional energy generation, dispatchers and distributors will be responsible for the national transmission grid and the general distribution grids and will operate their grids pursuant to the instruction provided by CENACE. Whereas in the past there were no regulatory limitations that would interfere with a private generator engaging in transmission activities, and, regarding distribution activities, these could only be performed by CFE, with the new regulatory framework derived from the constitutional reform and the legal provisions therein, the public service of electricity and its transmission are considered as strategic areas and will continue to be government-controlled, notwithstanding the possibility of the Mexican government, acting through CFE, to be able to enter into agreements with the private sector, or, acting through the Ministry of Energy, to form partnerships or enter into agreements with the private sector to carry out the financing, installation, maintenance, administration, operation or expansion of the infrastructure required to provide electricity transmission and distribution services, in terms of the provisions of the Electric Industry Law.

Such agreements will be awarded to private companies through bidding rounds, conducted by CENACE, which will determine the needs of the national electric grid, and carry out the corresponding tender processes. In addition, all dispatchers and distributors will have the obligation to execute the corresponding connection and interconnection agreements, based on the model contracts issued by CRE, regarding the interconnection of power plants or the connection of load centers, and the MEM regulations will indicate the criteria for CENACE to define the specifications for the required infrastructure necessary for the interconnection of power plants and the connection of load centers, as well as the mechanisms to determine preference matters for applications or requests and the procedure for their evaluation.

CFE is required by law to provide its wheeling (the transfer of electrical power through transmission and distribution lines to another utility), dispatch and backup services to all permit holders whenever the requested service is technically feasible on a first-come, first-served basis. CFE’s wheeling services are provided pursuant to an interconnection agreement and a transmission services agreement entered into between CFE and the relevant permit holder (in ACT’s case, these were executed by Pemex). Those agreements follow model contracts approved by the CRE, which also approves the methodology used to calculate the applicable tariffs. The permit holders must build their own transmission lines for self-use in order to connect to the power grid. In addition, permit holders are required to enter into a back-up services agreement with CFE, which also follow a model agreement approved by the CRE.

The Electric Industry Law incorporates new requirements to carry out the sale and purchase of electricity. Aside from being classified as a generator or qualified user, along with the need to comply with the rules issued by CRE for the execution of the corresponding agreements, there are new requirements for the interconnection to the transmission grid owned by CFE. The Electric Industry Law introduces and provides for the concepts of connection and interconnection, the first referring to the load points of users and the latter referring to generators’ power plants. Regarding interconnection, the most significant change is the need to execute new model agreements in order to adapt them to the new modalities and activities under the scope of regulation of the Electric Industry Law.

Furthermore, the transitory provisions contained in the Electric Industry Law provide that those interconnection agreements which were executed under the scope of regulation of the Electricity Law will remain in force, notwithstanding the possibility that executing the new contract models that will be issued by CRE may prove beneficial in order to adapt to the new changing aspects of the industry; as with previous agreements, companies will only be limited to the authorized activities under such contracts (e.g. wheeling will only be available for the amount of energy and for the specific purpose established therein). This suggests that new models of interconnection agreements may be more flexible to cover the implementation of the various activities allowed.

The regulations provide that CRE must implement a regulatory regime providing for the conditions for the procurement of the public services of transmission and distribution of electric power based on the principles of

 

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proportionality and equality, aiming to prevent transporters, distributors and suppliers from exercising excessive market power that could negatively affect final users. Such regulatory regime will consider the degree of openness in the market, the concentration of participants and any other condition of the competition in every division of the industry. The regulations also anticipate the possible cases of curtailment of the services of transmission and distribution of electric power and provide for standard procedures in different situations.

Commercialization of Electricity

Under the Electric Industry Law, the trader will be the holder of a MEM participant agreement, and will carry out commercial activities, among which are executing electric coverage agreements for the sale and purchase of electricity within the MEM. Under the Electric Industry Law, electric coverage agreements are those agreements executed between MEM participants through which those Participants engage in the sale of electric energy or related products. Traders may enter into such agreements with qualified users (through the figure of the provider-trader) or with other traders (who are not providers).

Excluding qualified users, basic providers will provide the basic supply to all people who so request it and whose load centers are located in their operation areas. Qualified providers will provide the qualified supply to qualified users in terms of free competition. Prior commencement of the Qualified or basic supply services, the final user must execute a supply agreement with the appropriate provider, and such agreements will require registration before the Federal Attorney’s Office of Consumer, or Procuraduria Federal del Consumidor , or PROFECOCRE, will issue the general terms and conditions for the electrical supply services, which will determine the rights and obligations of the service provider and the final user, correspondingly.

Qualified users are those final users who are duly registered as such before CRE in order to acquire power as MEM participants or by a qualified provider. In terms of the Electric Industry Law, users holding load points with a demand greater than or equal to 3 MW may be included in the qualified users registry (but such amount will decrease in one MW per year following the first year until reaching 1 MW). In this case, having the property in which the electric power is intended to be supplied registered as Qualified under the corresponding rules to be issued will suffice. Within the MEM, qualified users may purchase energy through electric coverage agreements executed with CENACE or directly with traders.

Supply

Supply activities carried out in the new electric industry may be either in the basic or qualified modalities. Power supply agreements will be executed by and between providers and final users, under the corresponding supply permits issued by CRE. Basic supply refers to that which is provided by a provider under a regulated tariff to any applicant who is not a qualified user. Qualified Supply refers to that which is provided in terms of free competition to qualified users.

For basic supply, private generators may participate in the auctions conducted by CENACE, in order for CFE to acquire the energy in the most convenient economic terms and conditions, and thus CFE will be able to supply power to users who so request it before CENACE, who will carry out the referred auction and determine whom the electricity will be purchased from. CRE will also determine the requirements that providers must comply with in order to acquire energy and execute contracts for electric coverage with users.

As for qualified supply, qualified providers will carry out transactions directly through long-term supply agreements with qualified users. Under these agreements, the parties will be free to agree upon the terms and conditions (including economic conditions) thereof, abiding by certain general guidelines that will be issued by CRE.

Open Access

Both the Electric Industry Law and in the regulations thereunder establish that CFE will be obligated to grant non-discriminatory open access to all users of the national electric grid. This will enhance the existence of an open electricity market, where various competitors in almost all segments of the supply chain requiring the use of the

 

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national electric grid will coexist and develop their activities. Open access is a crucial component of the electric industry since CFE, as owner of the grid, will compete directly with other private sector participants in several activities of the industry, which could lead to a monopoly by CFE. In order to avoid such situation, the CENACE, as an independent system operator, will ensure competitive conditions for all users who want to use CFE’s infrastructure.

The regulations provide that CRE will issue the general guidelines regarding open access conditions, the procedure for users to request such open access and the procedure to which the CENACE will be subject to grant this open access, among others.

Tariffs

Transmission, distribution, basic supply and last resort supply, as well as the operation of CENACE, will be subject to regulatory accounting guidelines established by CRE. CRE will issue general administrative provisions regarding the methodology to determine the calculation and adjustment of the regulated tariffs for transmission, distribution, basic provider operation and CENACE operation services, as well as all related services which are not included in the MEM.

Dispatchers, distributors, basic providers and the CENACE will be required to publish their tariffs, as indicated by CRE, through general administrative provisions.

Wholesale Spot Market, Mercado Electrico Mayorista

The Electric Industry Law provides for the creation of a MEM, operated by CENACE, in which Participants can carry out a number of different transactions provided for in said law, among which are the sale of electricity and related products.

MEM participants may be (i) generators, (ii) provider-traders, (iii) non-provider traders, or (iv) qualified users, prior to execution of the corresponding agreement with CENACE. Transactions carried out within the MEM will be formalized through “electric coverage agreements” executed by and between such MEM participants. Generators, as MEM participants may, sell their generated energy and both traders and qualified users may purchase such energy through CENACE, which will be the independent operator of the electric system.

CENACE will be responsible for managing the supply and demand of MEM participants, conducting transactions and continuously generating prices. The price to be paid in MEM transactions will be a “competition price” in terms of the Electric Industry Law, and will reflect elements such as electricity generation costs and other operating costs, as well as the amount of electricity demanded by and supplied within the MEM. Such competition price will serve as a reference for long-term supply agreements between providers and qualified users, partially replacing the current CFE-published tariffs.

Even though the Electric Industry Law provides the general guidelines to which the operation of the MEM will be subject, the Ministry of Energy will issue the Rules of the Market, which are administrative provisions of general application that will specifically detail different aspects of the operation of the MEM. The regulations list certain topics which will be described in depth in the Rules of the Market, such as the methodology that will be used to forecast the level of demand in the spot market, information on market participants, and the methodology to determine the price of the electricity that will be sold and purchased within the spot market.

Public Consultation

The Electric Industry Law and the regulations thereunder set out the obligation to carry out a prior consultation process in the event a project is to be developed in certain lands where communities or indigenous people are found. This obligation, which is established in international treaties, as well as in Article 2 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, is now established in the new legal framework to provide certainty regarding community and social issues in all projects within the electric industry.

 

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The aforementioned general obligation is provided for in the Electric Industry Law and the regulations thereunder detail the specific procedure to be followed, including the filing of a social and cultural impact assessment before the Ministry of Energy and the different stages that the prior consultation entail, among others.

Transitory Regime

Given that the Electric Industry Law sets various deadlines for the full implementation of its provisions (such as the issuance of the Market Rules, the entry into operation of the MEM or the Terms and Conditions for the Supply of Electricity), a transitory regime has been established, intending to provide clarity and certainty to all participants of the industry who either have ongoing projects or plan to start projects in the near future.

Permits

Permits granted by CRE, in accordance with the Electricity Law, will continue to be governed under the terms set out therein and other applicable provisions. Holders of such permits who decide to remain under the regulation of Electricity Law may, at any time, migrate to the new regime if it suits their interests.

Interconnection agreements

In order to be able to execute an interconnection agreement in terms of the Electricity Law (in the event not previously executed), those interested in doing so must comply with the following conditions: (i) having obtained or having applied for a permit in any of the modalities provided by the Electricity Law, prior to the entry into force of the Electric Industry Law (August 11, 2014); (ii) having notified CRE about its intention to continue with the development of the relevant project; and (iii) having provided proof evidencing that the appropriate financing for the project has already been obtained, that they have already contracted the supply of the main equipment required for the project, and that at least 30% of the total investment for the project has been paid before December 31, 2015. Additionally, it is possible to execute an interconnection agreement in terms of the Electricity Law if a company participated in an open season process, through which CRE granted transmission capacity to several participating companies.

The Electric Industry Law also provides certainty regarding interconnection agreements which have been executed with CFE prior to the enactment of the Electric Industry Law, as those agreements which were executed under the scope of regulation of the Electricity Law will remain in force for their entire duration (although they will not be subject to renewal or extension upon their termination). With the enactment of the Electric Industry Law, it is now possible to modify executed interconnection agreements in relation to the load points, surplus sales, support services, cost of stamp wheeling and other conditions contained therein which may apply.

Permit holders who choose to remain under the scope of regulation of the Electricity Law and decide to keep their interconnection agreements will be governed by the terms and conditions set forth therein and, consequently, will not be subject to the rules of the MEM.

Former Regulatory Framework

The following laws and regulations include constitutional, legal and administrative provisions applying to the development of cogeneration projects in Mexico, according to the former regulatory framework:

 

   

The Mexican Constitution. Pursuant to articles 25, 27 and 28 of the Mexican Constitution, the supply of electricity, a public service in Mexico, including its generation, transmission, transformation, distribution and sale are activities expressly reserved to the Mexican federal government.

 

   

Electricity Law. Along with its regulations, this law provides the main legal framework through which the Mexican federal government, acting through CFE, provides the public its electricity supply, as well as the regulations applicable to power generation, sale and purchase for the private sector.

 

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Law of the Energy Regulatory Commission , Ley de la Comision Reguladora de Energia . This regulates the manner in which the CRE operates.

 

   

Resolution number RES/146/2001, issued by the CRE: Fee Calculation Methodology for Electricity Transmission Services , Metodologia para la determinacion de los cargos por servicios de transmision de energia electrica . This regulation provides the mechanism pursuant to which CFE will calculate the appropriate charges for the requests of transmission services.

 

   

Interconnection Agreement , Contrato de Interconexion , issued by the CRE.

 

   

Transmission Agreement , Convenio de Transmision , issued by the CRE.

 

   

Methodology and criteria for high-efficiency cogeneration, Metodologia y criterios de cogeneracion eficiente .

 

   

Guidelines for the validation as high-efficiency cogeneration systems ( Disposiciones para acreditar sistemas de cogeneracion eficiente ).

Current Regulatory Framework

The following laws and regulations include constitutional, legal and regulatory provisions applying to the development of cogeneration projects in Mexico, according to the recently enacted regulatory framework:

 

   

Political Constitution of the Mexican United States.

 

   

Electric Industry Law.

 

   

Regulation of the Electric Industry Law.

 

   

Law of the Federal Commission of Energy.

 

   

Law of the Coordinated Regulatory Agencies in Energy Matters.

Notwithstanding the above-listed regulatory framework, it is noteworthy that this list remains subject to modifications, as the pending regulatory instruments are to be issued in coming months, and, pursuant to the transitory regime provided for in the new framework, certain former legal provisions will continue to be in force, as applicable, for specific projects which were started before the enactment and implementation of the new legal framework.

Regulation in Peru

Below is a general overview of certain Peruvian electricity sector regulations. This overview should not be considered a full description of all regulations.

The Electric Transmission Sector

The Peruvian electric system serves energy to a large area of the country through the SEIN that has transmission lines and substations operating at 500, 220, 138, 69 and 33-kV levels.

Pursuant to Law 28832, which is applicable to any transmission project commissioned after July 2006, the transmission facilities integrating the transmission grid are classified as those belonging to: either (i) the SGT for transmission facilities that are included in the transmission plan and developed pursuant to a concession agreement granted by the Peruvian government to the winner of a public tender, or (ii) the Complementary Transmission System, or Sistema Complementario de Transmision , or SCT, for transmission facilities that are either (a) included in the transmission plan and developed by the private entity that was awarded a concession as a result of the successful review of a private initiative proposal, or (b) not included in the transmission plan.

 

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The projected expansions of the transmission system identified in the Peruvian transmission plan are now part of the SGT. The government also introduced tender procedures to call private investors interested in building the projected lines of the SGT. Under SGT concession agreements, the concessionaire shall build the lines and be responsible for their operation and maintenance. Recovery of the investment during the term of the contract (30 years) is guaranteed thereunder. The concessionaire owns the transmission assets during the term of the contract. Upon expiry of the contract the assets return to the State which shall call a new tender if the lines are required at such time for the operation of the system.

Transmission lines of interest to generation plants, distribution networks or large consumers are part of the SCT. The lines of the SCT included in the Peruvian transmission plan and certain projects that exclusively serve the demand, as defined by the government, may be subject to tenders for the granting of SCT concession agreements for 30 years. The rest of the SCT projects are subject to the general regime in which the owners of the SCT lines (for example, the generation companies building them to connect their plants to the system) are the holders of the respective Definitive Transmission Concession and own the transmission assets through the term of the concession.

Open Access Regime

The electricity transmission is a public service according to Peruvian law; such service is subject to open access regulations, which imply that the owner of a transmission infrastructure is obliged to allow the third parties to connect to the SEIN through its transmission facilities. However, third parties requesting access to a transmission system have the obligation to assume the costs of any additional investment required to increase the connection capacity, if required to make the interconnection feasible. The terms and conditions of the required new investments shall be negotiated in the interconnection agreement.

If a private interconnection agreement is not reached through private negotiation, a request for an interconnection mandate can be filed before the Organismo Supervisor de la Inversion en Energia y Mineria , or OSINERGMIN, who will determine the conditions applicable to the connection, if it is technically feasible. To that end an assessment of the different connection possibilities shall be submitted to OSINERGMIN by the applicant to determine the most efficient technical solution.

The participation of OSINERGMIN shall guarantee and enforce compliance with the legal principle of open access to transmission and distribution networks. An interconnection mandate establishes the conditions under which the interconnection shall take place. The parties usually prefer to reach an agreement establishing those conditions. However, in cases where an agreement is not feasible due to the pre-existence of previous interconnection commitments with other companies, OSINERGMIN has been willing to grant new interconnection mandates as long as there is available capacity.

Tariff Regime

The SGT is compensated through the tariff base, which is the authorized annual remuneration for facilities belonging to the SGT. The tariff base is established in annual amounts and includes the following: (i) remuneration of investments (including adjustments), which is calculated based on a 30-year recovery period applying a 12% rate of return, (ii) efficient operating and maintenance costs, and (iii) the liquidation of imbalances between the authorized tariff base for the previous year and the proceeds obtained during that year.

The tariff base will be paid through the (i) tariff income and (ii) the transmission toll. The tariff income is paid monthly by the electricity generation companies in proportion to their respective capacity income. The transmission toll is paid by the electricity generation companies based on their collection of the transmission toll paid by their respective customers pursuant to Article 26 of Law 28832 and Article 27 of the Transmission Rules, or Reglamento de Transmision , approved by the Supreme Decree No. 027-2007-EM.

 

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The electricity generation companies are paid by customers via capacity charges and energy charges established in their respective supply contracts. These capacity charges include a transmission toll per unit of peak demand (5% per kW-month) needed to cover the costs to be paid for the SGT.

The monthly payments to be made by electricity generation companies to the transmission companies are calculated by the COES, taking into account the actual demand of their customers. A portion of the amount collected by the electricity generation companies from customers is allocated to the transmission companies that own facilities in the SGT. As such, electricity generation companies collect the money required to pay the SGT facilities from customers.

Non-regulated customers include large electricity consumers with a power demand of over 2,500 kW and customers with power demands between 200 kW and 2500 kW that may choose to be regulated customers or not. Non-regulated customers may freely negotiate their energy prices with suppliers.

The SCT is remunerated on the basis of the annual average cost approved by OSINERGMIN. The applicable tariffs and their respective actualization formulas are approved by OSINERGMIN every four years.

Penalties

The concessionaires must maintain certain quality, safety and maintenance standards of the facilities. The failure to meet the quality standards established by applicable industry regulations, such as the quality for power services approved by Supreme Decree No. 020-97-EM and the National Power Code, may result in the imposition of penalties, fines and restrictions. In addition to these penalties, fines and restrictions, if our concession is terminated due to the breach of obligations under the Concession Agreements, the Ministry of Energy may appoint an intervenor to supervise the operations related to the concession to ensure the continuity in the provision of the service, and the compliance with applicable laws and regulations.

If the concessionaire suspends or interrupts the service for reasons other than regular maintenance, repairs, force majeure events or breaches by customers under their contracts, the concessionaire may be required to indemnify our customers for the damages caused by any such service interruption, in accordance with applicable regulations. In addition, the OSINERGMIN could impose penalties, including, among others, (a) admonishment, (b) successive fines, depending on the nature and effect of the interruption and its frequency, (c) temporary suspension of activities, and (d) definitive suspension of activities and the provisional administration of operations by an intervenor, if a termination event occurs and the Ministry of Energy notifies of its desire to terminate the SGT concession agreement.

Electricity Legal Framework

The principal laws and regulations governing the Peruvian power sector, or the Power Legal Framework, are: (i) the Power Concessions Law (or Ley de Concesiones Electricas , PCL), approved by Law No. 25844, and its rules (Supreme Decree No. 09-93-EM); (ii) the Law to Ensure the Efficient Development of Electricity Generation (or Ley para Asegurar el Desarrollo Eficiente de la Generacion Electrica ), approved by Law No. 28832, or Law No. 28832; (iii) the Transmission Rules (or Reglamento de Transmision ), approved by the Supreme Decree No. 027-2007-EM, or the Transmission Rules; (iv) the General Environmental Law (Law No. 28611); (v) the Rules for the Environmental Protection in Power Activities (Supreme Decree No. 029-94-EM); (vi) the Power Sector Antitrust Law (Law No. 26876) and its regulations (Supreme Decree No. 017-98- ITINCI); (vii) the Laws creating the Supervisory Agency of Investment in Energy and Mining (Law No. 26734 and Law No. 28964); (viii) the Supervisory Agency of Investment in Energy and Mining Rules (Supreme Decree No. 054-2001-PCM); (ix) the Regulatory Agencies of Private Investment in Public Services Framework Law (Law No. 27332); and (x) the Legislative Decree that promotes investment in the generation of power through renewable resources (Legislative Decree No. 1002) and its regulations (Supreme Decree No. 012-2011-EM).

 

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These laws regulate how to enter the electricity sector (applicable permits and licenses); the main obligations of the different participants of the electricity market (generators, transmission companies and distribution companies); remuneration systems for the different market participants; rights of electricity consumers and the attributions of the competent authorities.

Other relevant laws are: (i) the Public Consultation Law and its regulations (Law No. 29758 and Supreme Decree No. 001-2012-MC) for projects that may affect rights of indigenous and native communities and (ii) Law of National Patrimony (Law 28296) and relevant regulations (Supreme Resolution No. 004-2000-ED) for obtaining the CIRA which is issued by the Ministry of Culture, certifying there are no archaeological remains in an area. Prior to performance of any activity or construction works, titleholders shall obtain the corresponding CIRA.

Some of the main aspects of Peru’s regulatory framework concerning its power sector are: (i) the separation between the power generation, transmission and distribution activities; (ii) unregulated prices for the generation of power supplied to unregulated customers; (iii) regulated prices for the generation of power supplied to regulated customers; (iv) regulated prices applicable to transmission and distribution of power for both regulated and unregulated customers; and (v) the private administration of the SEIN, according to the principles of efficiency, cost reduction, guaranty of quality and reliability in the provision of services.

All entities that generate, transmit or distribute power to third parties in Peru, including self-generators and co-generators that sell their excess capacity and energy in the SEIN, are regulated by the Power Legal Framework.

Although significant private investments have been made in the Peruvian power sector and independent entities have been created to regulate and coordinate its oversight, the Peruvian government still retains ultimate oversight and regulatory control. In addition, the Peruvian government owns and controls various generation and distribution companies in Peru.

The Guaranteed Transmission System—SGT Concession Agreement

ATN and ATS, as concessionaires, have SGT concession agreements granted by the Peruvian government as a result of a public tender.

Under the SGT concession agreement, the Ministry of Energy grants the concession necessary to construct, develop, own, operate, and maintain the transmission lines and substations comprising a project to provide electricity transmission services.

The SGT concessionaires are not obliged to pay the grantor any consideration for the SGT concession agreement.

If the concessionaire requests it, the grantor is required to impose easements required for the execution of the project upon accordance with applicable laws, but it does not assume the costs associated with such easements.

Upon request, the grantor is also required to use its best efforts to assist in obtaining licenses, permits, authorizations, concessions and other rights when the owner of the project complies with the legal requirements to obtain them and they are not granted on a timely basis by the competent authorities.

In this case, the concessionaire shall build the lines and be responsible for their operation and maintenance. The recovery of the investment during the term of the contract (30 years) is guaranteed thereunder. The concessionaire owns the transmission assets during the term of the contract. Upon expiry of the contract the assets return to the state, which shall call a new tender if the lines are required at such time for the operation of the system.

 

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Revenues

The revenues of the project are established under the terms of the SGT concession agreement. In addition, the revenues of the project are funded by the entire Peruvian electric transmission system.

In effect, the compensation for facilities that are part of the SGT is allocated to customers by OSINERGMIN according to the amounts of investment, operational and maintenance costs set forth in the SGT concession agreement. The SGT will receive monthly compensation from the generation companies that collect the tariff base from their customers. Their compensation will be paid on a monthly basis and these monthly payments are determined by the COES, following the compensation established annually by OSINERGMIN.

As of the commercial operation date, the owner of a project receives the revenue from payments of the tariff base pursuant to the SGT concession agreement. The calculation of the tariff base is based on: (i) an amount which represents a return on investment, including operation and maintenance costs and (ii) the amount determined on May 1 st of each year by OSINERGMIN, in order to compensate for any intra-year difference between the compensation we should have received in the immediately preceding tariff year in U.S. dollars and the amount actually paid in Peruvian nuevos soles, determined at the exchange rate published in the Official Gazette “El Peruano” on the last working day prior to the fifteenth day of the month following the relevant month for which the services were charged to the electricity generation companies.

Every year, before the beginning of the new tariff period, OSINERGMIN will recalculate and determine the tariff base in U.S. dollars for the period which starts from May 1 of such year to April 30 of the following year. This determination is approved in April of each year through a resolution published in the Official Gazette, “ El Peruano .”

Regulation in Spain

On November 26, 1997, the European Union published a report, or White Paper, which outlined a strategy and a community-wide action plan aimed at doubling energy production from renewable energy sources in the European Union from 6% in 1996 to 12% by 2010. The White Paper proposed a number of measures to promote the use of renewable energy sources, including measures designed to provide renewable energy sources better access to the electricity market. The Kyoto Protocol, ratified by the EU and its Member States on May 31, 2002, imposed a target of reducing EU emissions of greenhouse gases by 8%.

Directive 2009/28/EC on the Promotion of the Use of Energy from Renewable Sources of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union, or the 2009 Renewable Energy Directive, set mandatory national overall targets for each Member State consistent with at least 20% of EU total energy consumption coming from renewable energy sources by 2020. In order to comply with these mandatory renewable energy targets, all EU Member States, including Spain, were required to develop a national action plan, called a National Renewable Energy Action Plan, or NREAP. Spain’s NREAP was issued on June 30, 2010 and sent to the European Commission.

In its NREAP, Spain set a target of 22.7% for primary energy consumption to be supplied by renewable energy sources and a target of 42.3% of total electricity consumption to be supplied by renewable energy sources by 2020.

In 2011, a new Renewable Energies Plan, referred to as REP 2011-2020, was developed by the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union under the 2009 Renewable Energy Directive that added a new target to the 2009 Renewable Energy Directive, a minimum of 10% of transportation energy consumption to be supplied from renewable energy sources in each Member State by 2020.

In Spain, these targets mean that energy from renewable sources should represent at least 20% of total energy consumption by 2020, consistent with the EU target, with a minimum of 10% of transportation consumption to be derived from renewable sources by that same year.

 

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Article 3.3.(a) of the 2009 Renewable Energy Directive states that in order to reach the targets set for 2020, Member States may apply support schemes and incentives for renewable energy. These support systems or incentives are different in each country, but the most common are:

 

   

Green certificates. Producers of renewable energy receive a “green certificate” for each MWh they generate and suppliers of energy have an obligation to purchase part of the energy that they supply from renewable sources.

 

   

Investment grants and direct subsidies. These help defray the costs of installing renewable energy generation plants.

 

   

Tax exemptions or relief. These include ITCs, cash grants in lieu of tax credits and accelerated depreciation, among others.

 

   

System of direct support of prices. These include regulated tariffs and premiums and involve a regulatory guarantee to purchase energy generated by a renewable energy plant for an allotted period of time at a fixed tariff per kWh, for a maximum annual number of hours, so that the producer is ensured of a reasonable return on its investment.

Solar Regulatory Framework Applicable to Concentrating Solar Power Plants Currently in Operation

The applicable legal framework for Concentrating Solar Power plants already in operation is set out in four primary legal instruments:

 

   

Royal Decree-law 9/2013, of July 12, containing emergency measures to guarantee the financial stability of the electricity system, referred to as Royal Decree-law 9/2013;

 

   

Law 24/2013, of December 26, the Electricity Sector Act, referred to as the Electricity Act;

 

   

Royal Decree 413/2014, of June 6, regulating electricity production from renewable energy sources, combined heat and power and waste, referred to as Royal Decree 413/2014; and

 

   

Ministerial Order IET/1045/2014 of June 16, published on June 20, 2014, approving the remuneration parameters for standard facilities, applicable to certain electricity production facilities based on renewable energy, cogeneration and waste, referred to as Revenue Order.

Primary Rights and Obligations under the Electricity Act

The Electricity Act eliminates a previously existing distinction between ordinary electricity producers and those using renewable energy sources in their production of electricity, though it continues to recognize the following rights for producers with facilities that use renewable energy sources:

 

   

Priority off-take. Producers of electricity from renewable sources will have priority over conventional generators in transmitting to off-takers the energy they produce over conventional generators under equal market conditions, subject to the secure operation of the national electricity system and based on transparent and non-discriminatory criteria.

 

   

Priority of access and connection to transmission and distribution networks. Producers of electricity from renewable energy sources will have priority in obtaining access and connecting to the grid, subject to the terms set forth in the regulations, on the basis of objective, transparent and non-discriminatory criteria.

 

   

Entitlement to a specific payment scheme. Producers of electricity from renewable sources will receive specific reimbursement that shall not exceed the minimum amount necessary to cover their costs. This enables them to compete on a level playing field with the other, non-renewable technologies on the market while achieving a reasonable return on investment.

 

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The significant obligations of the renewable energy electricity producers under the Electricity Act include a requirement to:

 

   

Offer to sell the energy they produce through the market operator even when they have not entered into a contract and so are excluded from the bidding system managed by the market operator.

 

   

Maintain the plant’s planned production capacity. Power lines, which include connections with the transmission or distribution network and transformers, are considered part of the production facility.

 

   

Contract and pay the corresponding fees, whether directly or through their representatives, to the transmission or distribution companies to which the renewable energy facilities are connected in order for their power to be fed into the grid.

Registration on Public Registers

The Electricity Act and Royal Decree 413/2014 require electricity generation facilities to be entered on the official register of electricity production plants maintained by the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism.

The autonomous regions may keep their own registers of electricity generation plants they have authorized if such plants have a capacity of 50 MW or less. The registration details of these plants must be provided to the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism electronically.

Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 are on the registers of the autonomous region Extremadura and the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism.

Solacor 1, Solacor 2, PS10 and PS20 are on the register of the autonomous region of Andalucia and the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism.

To receive their facility-specific reimbursement, renewable energy facilities are required under the Electricity Act and Royal Decree 413/2014 to be listed on a new register entitled the Specific Payment System Register, Registro de Regimen Retributivo Especifico . Unregistered plants will only receive the pool price.

The first transitional provision of Royal Decree 413/2014 states that power plants based on renewable sources recognized under the previous economic regime, as in the case of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3, Solacor 1 and Solacor 2, PS10 and PS20 will be automatically included in the Specific Payment System Register.

Change of Compensation System Applicable to Concentrating Solar Power Plants

Royal Decree-law 9/2013 introduced a change in the payment system applicable to existing electricity production facilities using renewable energy sources to guarantee the financial stability of the electric system. The purpose of Royal Decree-law 9/2013, which entered into force on July 14, 2013, was to adopt a series of measures to ensure the sustainability of the electric system and to combat the shortfalls between electricity system revenues and costs, referred to as the tariff deficit.

The measures adopted were focused primarily on the following areas: (i) the legal and financial regime for existing electricity production facilities using renewable energy sources, co-generation and residual waste; (ii) the remuneration regime for transport and distribution activities; (iii) Spain’s guarantee of the Securitization Fund to cover the tariff deficit; and (iv) certain aspects related to capacity payments, assumption of the cost of the subsidized tariff and a review of access charges.

Royal Decree-law 9/2013 established an entirely new remuneration system, abolishing the remuneration system based on a regulated tariff applicable to electricity production facilities using renewable energy sources (including facilities in operation at the time that Royal Decree-law 9/2013 entered into force).

 

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Prior to the adoption of Royal Decree-law 9/2013, electricity production facilities using renewable energy sources received revenues tied to their electricity produced according to their power output. This involved receiving feed-in tariffs, in €/kWh, that were split into two components: (i) the pool price of electricity and (ii) an equivalent premium, consisting of the difference between the pool price and the set feed-in tariff for each type of plant (feed in tariff = pool price + equivalent premium). This revenue was received for a maximum annual number of hours and for a pre-determined number of years, depending on the technology used in each case. For any additional hours produced, producers received the pool price.

The repealed economic scheme was applied on a transitional basis until new provisions were approved to fully implement the new remuneration system. Settlements made after July 14, 2013 were made in accordance with the previous regime until the new implementing regulations have been adopted. However, following the implementation of these new regulations, payments made during this interim period will be recalculated in accordance with the new regulations. The difference between the amounts received under the prior regime and those calculated under the new regime will be deducted from the first six settlements that follow the approval of the new implementing regulations.

New System

According to Royal Decree-law 413/2014, producers now receive: (i) the pool price for the power they produce and (ii) a payment based on the standard investment cost for each kind of plant (without any relation whatsoever to the amount of power they generate). This payment based on investment (in €/MW of installed capacity) is supplemented (in cases of technologies with running costs in excess of the pool price) with an “operating payment” (in €/MWh produced).

The principle driving the new economic regime imposed by Royal Decree-law 413/2014 is that the incentives that an electricity producer receives should be equivalent to the costs that they are unable to recover on the electricity market where they compete with non-renewable technologies. The new economic regime seeks to allow a “well-run and efficient enterprise” to recover the costs of building and running a plant, plus a reasonable return on investment (project internal rate of return).

According to Royal Decree 413/2014, the remuneration for investment in respect of plants that were already in operation during the first statutory period (from July 14, 2013 to December 31, 2019) is calculated as follows:

 

   

The “standard per-MW investment value” is added to the “standard per-MW operating cost” (both updated from July 2013 with a 7.398% rate of return); i.e., what it would have cost a well-run and efficient enterprise to build, maintain and run the facility from its start-up until the time Royal Decree-law 9/2013 came into force.

 

   

From the resulting total, the “standard per-MW total revenue valued at the electricity pool price,” earned by each type of plant from its start-up through entry into force of Royal Decree-law 9/2013, also updated applying the 7.398% rate of return is subtracted.

 

   

The result (the standard per-MW investment value plus standard per-MW operating cost minus standard per-MW total revenue) is the “net investment value,” i.e., the costs unrecovered by the plant owner as of July 14, 2013.

 

   

Payments for investment to be made after Royal Decree-law 9/2013 came into force and during every year of a plant’s remaining statutory useful life are calculated by (a) adding the net investment value (calculated as explained above) to the “expected operating costs until the end of the asset’s statutory useful life;” and (b) deducting the “expected revenue on the market up to that same point in time” (in both cases, the amount would be discounted to July 2013 by applying the 7.398% rate of return). The annual amount to be received would be calculated so that it would be the same amount every year until the end of the statutory useful life.

 

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Accordingly, under Royal Decree 413/2014, the returns received by the owners of plants in excess of 7.398%, from start-up until Royal Decree-law 9/2013 took effect, would serve to reduce the unrecovered net investment value as of July 14, 2013.

Operating payments will only be available for those facilities whose costs exceed the estimated average pool price. However, the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism can cap operating payments at a maximum number of hours.

Payment Factors for Concentrating Solar Power Plants

The payment system applicable for each plant is based on various criteria considered by the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism and includes the specific technology used, amount of power produced relative to operating costs, age of the facility and any other differentiating factor deemed necessary to consider in applications of the payment system.

Revenue Order recognizes six types of solar thermal plants: (i) parabolic trough collectors without a storage system, (ii) parabolic trough collectors with a storage system, (iii) central or tower receivers without a storage system, (iv) central or tower receivers with a storage system, (v) linear collectors and (vi) solar-biomass hybrids.

To determine the payment system applicable to each plant, the following factors are considered:

 

   

Net investment value. This consists of a standard amount per MW for each type of plant, calculated by the method set out in Royal Decree 413/2014, which is the amount invested in the plant and not depreciated as of July 14, 2013.

 

   

Useful life of the plant. For solar thermal plants this is 25 years.

 

   

Return on investment. Considering the net asset value determined on the basis of a standard cost per MW built, an amount is set per unit of power, which enables investment costs that cannot be recovered through the pool price to be recouped over the useful life of the plant.

 

   

Operating remuneration. An amount is set per unit of power and hour that, added to the pool price, enables the producer to recoup all the plant’s operating and maintenance costs. Operating expenses include the cost of land, electricity, gas and water bills, management, security, corrective and preventive maintenance, representation costs, the Spanish tax on special immovable properties, insurance, applicable generation charges and a generation tax which is equal to 7% of total revenue.

 

   

Maximum number of operating hours. A maximum number of hours is set for which each plant type can receive the operating subsidy.

 

   

Operating threshold. Plants must operate for more than a set number of hours per year to receive the return on investment and operating subsidy.

 

   

Minimum operating hours. Plants that cross the operating threshold but operate for fewer hours than the annual minimum hours receive a lower subsidy.

The payment criteria established in respect of Solaben 2, Solaben 3, Solacor 1, Solacor 2, PS 10 and PS 20 are set forth below:

 

     Useful
Life
     Return on
Investment
2014
(euros/MW)
     Operating
Remuneration 2014

(euros/GWh)
     Maximum
Hours
     Minimum
Hours
     Operating
Threshold
 

Solaben 2

     25 years         410,307         33,698         2,167         1,300         758   

Solaben 3

     25 years         410,307         33,698         2,167         1,300         758   

Solacor 1

     25 years         410,391         39,694         2,040         1,224         714   

Solacor 2

     25 years         410,391         39,694         2,040         1,224         714   

PS 10

     25 years         554,217         60,431         1,870         1,122         655   

PS 20

     25 years         410,683         54,654         1,870         1,122         655   

 

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Regulatory Periods

Payment criteria are based on prevailing economic conditions in Spain, demand for electricity and reasonable profits for electricity generation activities and can be revised every six years. The first regulatory period commenced on July 14, 2013, the date on which Royal Decree-law 9/2013 came into force, and will end on December 31, 2019.

The definitions and values of all payment criteria can be changed at the end of each regulatory period, except for a plant’s useful life and the value of a plant’s initial investment that is recouped through the specific return on investment.

Unless reviewed, payment criteria will be considered to be extended for the subsequent regulatory period.

Reasonable Rate of Return

Article 14 of the Electricity Act provides that a reasonable return on investment is calculated on the basis of the average pre-tax yield of Spanish government 10-year bonds on the secondary market.

For plants that are already in operation, the reasonable return over the regulatory life of the plants is based on the average pre-tax yield on Spanish government 10-year bonds on the secondary market for the preceding 10 years, plus 300 basis points.

Annex III of the Revenue Order specifies that the 10-year average yield for the 10-year bond is 4.398%, which, increased by 300 bps, results in 7.398% per annum.

Under no circumstances will amounts received by producers for electricity generated before July 14, 2013 be required to be returned or reimbursed under the new system.

Before the start of a new regulatory period, a revised reasonable return can be established for each plant type, calculated as the average yield on Spanish government 10-year bonds on the secondary market in the 24 months through the month of May preceding the new regulatory period, plus a spread.

This spread is based on the following criteria:

 

   

Appropriate profit for this specific type of renewable electricity generation and electricity generation as a whole, considering the financial condition of the Spanish electricity system and Spanish prevailing economic conditions; and

 

   

Borrowing costs for electricity generation companies using renewable energy sources with regulated payment systems, which are efficient and well run, within Europe.

The next regulatory period will begin on January 1, 2020.

Funding the Tariff Deficit

The Electricity Act also states that from January 1, 2014, tariff deficit amounts would no longer be paid for, as they had been previously, by the five major Spanish utilities. Instead, they will be paid by the companies that receive “regulated payments,” including distributors, transportation companies, producers of electricity from renewable plants, companies receiving capacity payments and others. Each of these entities will temporarily fund the tariff deficit in proportion to the costs that they represent for the electricity system in a given year and can recover these contributions in the following five years, plus interest at a market rate.

According to the Electricity Act, tariff deficit cannot exceed 2% of the estimated system revenues for each year. Furthermore, the accumulated debt due to previous’ years deficit cannot exceed 5% of the estimated system revenues for that period. If these thresholds are exceeded, the Spanish government is forced to review the access fees so that the system revenues increase accordingly.

 

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Access Fee

Royal Decree-law 14/2010 was passed in order to eliminate the shortfalls between electricity system revenues and costs, referred to as the tariff deficit in the electricity sector.

The First Transitional Provision of Royal Decree-law 14/2010 provided that the owners of electricity production facilities pay a fee for access to the grid to the transmission and distribution companies (this access previously having been provided at no cost) from January 1, 2011. During the interim period, the access fee payable is: (i) calculated at €0.5 per MWh delivered to the network or (ii) any other amount that the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism establishes.

Royal Decree 1544/2011 implemented the First Transitional Provision of Royal Decree-law 14/2010 and confirmed the interim access fee imposed on electricity producers (€0.5 per MWh), subject to the adoption of a final method for calculating the access fee.

Electricity Sales Tax

On December 27, 2012, the Spanish Parliament approved Law 15/2012, which became effective on January 1, 2013, or Law 15/2012. The aim of Law 15/2012 is to try to combat the problem of the so-called tariff deficit, which reached approximately €28 billion as of December 2013.

Law 15/2012 provides for an electricity sales tax which is levied on activities related to electricity production. The tax is triggered by the sale of electricity and affects ordinary energy producers and those generating power from renewable sources. The tax, a flat rate of 7%, is levied on the total income received from the power produced at each of the installations, which means that every calendar year, Concentrating Solar Power plants will be required to pay 7% of the total amount which they are entitled to receive for production and incorporation into the electricity system of electric power, measured as the net output generated.

Tax Incentive of Accelerated Depreciation of New Assets

Under provisions of the Spanish Corporate Income Tax Act, tax-free depreciation is permitted on investments in new material assets and investment properties used for economic activities acquired between January 1, 2009 and March 31, 2012.

Taxpayers who made or will make investments from March 31, 2012 through March 31, 2015 in new material assets and investment properties used for economic activities are permitted to take accelerated depreciation for those assets subject to certain limitations. The accelerated depreciation is permitted if:

 

   

40% of the tax base before the amortization or depreciation and before the offset of tax loss carryforwards for taxpayers (subject to requirements to keep up employment levels); or

 

   

20% of the tax base before the amortization or depreciation and before the offset of tax loss carryforwards for taxpayers (without employment requirements).

Most of the investment in Solaben 2/3 and Solacor 1/2 was undertaken within the regime that applied between January 1, 2009 and March 31, 2012.

These limitations do not apply in respect of companies that meet the requirements set forth in article 108.1 of the Spanish Corporate Income Tax Act related to the special rules for enterprises of a reduced size.

Regulation in Brazil

Electric transmission operations are subject to significant regulation in Brazil.

 

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The Governmental Policy and Legislative Framework for the Electricity Sector

The electricity sector in Brazil has undergone two major institutional reforms in the last decades which results in its current form: the first in the 1990s and another in 2003, which aimed at modifying the rules applying to the SIN. The first change in the sector occurred after the enactment of Law No. 8,987 of 1995, as amended, which established the system for the concessions and permissions for rendering public services, or the Concessions’ General Act, and with the enactment of Law No. 9,074 of 1995, as amended, which sets forth specific rules for the concession of electricity public services. This law, inter alia:

 

   

established the granting, duration and extension of concessions and permissions;

 

   

set forth the free access principle for the electric transmission and distribution systems;

 

   

released free consumers (as defined below) from the commercial monopoly of distribution concessionaires, allowing them to choose their supplier; and

 

   

introduced the independent power producer and the self producer agents.

Law No. 9,074 of 1995 is regulated by Decree No. 1,717 of 1995, which establishes the procedures for extending the concessions granted before the enactment of the Concessions’ General Act for a period up to 20 years, and by Decree No. 2,003 of 1996, governing the independent producers’ and self-producers’ system.

Law No. 9,427 of 1996, as amended, inter alia, created ANEEL, the regulatory agency concerned with supervising the generation, transmission, distribution and trading of electricity, and it is regulated by Decree No. 2,335 of 1997. Such law granted ANEEL the authority, inter alia, to run public tenders for concessions and permissions, as well as to execute and manage the agreements for the rendering of public services of this nature and to grant certain authorizations. Law No. 9,478 of 1997, as amended, created the National Committee on Energy Policy, or Conselho Nacional de Politica Energetica , chaired by the Minister of Mining and Energy with the duty of advising the President of the Republic on the national policies in this domain.

The first phase of the reform was concluded with the enactment in May 1998 of Law No. 9,648, later amended, which regulates competition in the electricity sector. Among many other provisions, it sets forth rules for:

 

   

the trading, import and export of power;

 

   

the division, into separate agreements, of the purchase and sale of energy, and the free access to the electric transmission and distribution systems;

 

   

the creation of the Electric System National Operator, Operador Nacional do Sistema Eletrico , or ONS, a legal entity organized under the private law, in charge of the coordination and operational control of the facilities for the electric and power generation and power transmission of interconnected electric systems in Brazil; and

 

   

the free negotiation of energy, within the scope of the Wholesale Market of Electricity, Mercado Atacadista de Energia Electrica , or MAE, to be created by a market agreement

The second phase of the reform redefined the sector’s institutional model, mainly concerning the energy market, by setting forth as chief goals the need for the system’s expansion while keeping tariffs low and competition present in power generation.

This new institutional framework was established by Law No. 10,848 and Law No. 10,847 of 2004.

Law No. 10,848 created two co-existing energy markets: a regulated market, for the protection of customers, and a free market to encourage consumers which are able to buy directly from producers on a competitive basis, or free consumers. Law No. 10,848 authorized the creation of the Chamber of Electric Energy Trading, or Camara de Comercializacao de Energia Eletrica , a non-profit private entity, functioning under the supervision

 

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of ANEEL to manage the agreements for the purchase and sale of energy in the regulated contracting environment and the ascertainment and settlement of contractual differences in the free contracting environment. This law further authorized the creation of the Committee on the Monitoring of the Electricity Sector, or Comite de Monitoramento de Setor Energetico , under the aegis of the government, to monitor the supply conditions of the electricity market and the advising of preventive actions for guaranteeing this supply.

On May 28, 2009, Provisional Measure No. 450 of 2008 became Law No. 11,943, as amended, which authorizes the federal government to participate in the Guarantee Fund for Electric Energy Enterprises, or Fundo de Garantia a Empreendimentos de Energia Eletrica . Such fund aims to provide financial guarantees proportional to the participation, direct or indirect, of federal or state companies of the electric industry in special purpose companies, created for the development of electric-related projects in connection with the Growth Acceleration Program, or Programa de Aceleracao do Crescimento , and other strategic programs appointed by an act of the Executive Branch.

More recently, the government passed Provisional Measure No. 577 of 2012, later converted into Law No. 12,767 of 2012, which establishes specific rules for the termination of concessions in the event of bankruptcy or forfeiture and for intervention by the granting authority, acting through ANEEL, in the management of concessionaires in order to ensure the adequate rendering of services and compliance with contractual, regulatory and legal provisions. The goal of this law is to ensure the continuation of the service and its rules on administrative intervention are stricter than the ones of the Concessions’ General Act. In addition, Decree No. 7,805 of 2012, which regulates Law No. 12,783 of 2013, sets forth the rules for further extending the concession contracts up to 30 years, for one period only.

In March 2014, the federal government announced new measures to help distribution concessionaires reduce the immediate impact on consumers’ electricity bill caused by the use of electricity originated from thermal power plants and by the higher cost of energy in the spot market. The aid amounted to R$12.4 billion and had been made available by the federal government (R$1.2 billion) and by loans (R$11.2), but will be untimely born by the consumers, as the electricity bills are going to increase between 2015 and 2017. The loans were obtained by the federal government from private or public banks and intermediated by the CCEE. In August 2014, a new loan to distribution concessionaires in the amount of R$6.6 billion has been approved by the federal government, following similar rules and for the same purpose.

Another measure already implemented is a new energy auction in which the distributors are able to purchase electricity for immediate supply. Before the enactment of the MP 641 of 2014, as regulated by Decree No. 8,213 of 2014 and Portaria MME No. 118 of 2014, there was a minimum one year gap between the purchase and the supply of energy. That gap in some cases resulted in concessionaries being forced to pay more for energy in the spot market. The first auction after the new regulation took place on April 30, 2014. MP 641 is no longer in force since July 21, 2014, but the rights and obligations created during its term are still valid and enforceable.

In November 2014, ANEEL approved new rules limiting the amount of the Price of Settlement of Differences, or PLD, in the spot market. PLD was reduced from R$822.83 to R$388.45 per MWh. The purpose of such change was to reduce the impact of high energy prices deriving from drought, delay in the commercial operation of hydroelectric plants and t-lines, and the high cost of thermal power plants. Certain power producers claimed that such new ANEEL rules are illegal because they affect power supply and demand.

The Governmental or Administrative Authorizations Required for the Construction and Operation of Electric Transmission Networks

Before the auction for the concession of electric transmission lines, the environmental impact assessment and environmental impact reports shall be conducted and must be approved by the proper environmental agency. After the auction, the concession is granted by a presidential decree, followed by the execution of the concession agreement, which is signed by and registered and filed with ANEEL. Next, the concessionaire should apply for ANEEL’s approval of the Basic Project for Power Transmission Facilities relating to the concession. The

 

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previous license ( licenca previa ), which is the first environmental permit that allows the development of the environmental studies, and the installation license ( licenca de instalacao ), which is the permit that authorizes the construction of the project, should be obtained at different stages from the environmental agencies. The Declaration of Public Interest from ANEEL, the tree cutting authorization and the operation license ( licenca de operacao ) issued by the environmental agency, as well as the release certificate issued by the ONS are also required.

The Requirements That Must Be Met to Obtain Access to such Public Service

The regulation in force sets forth that the rendering of transmission services shall be preceded by the execution of a Transmission Agreement and of an Agreement for the Rendering of Supplementary Services, or Contrato de Servicos Anciliares . There are three different types of Transmission Agreements: (i) Agreement for the Rendering of Transmission Services, or CPST; (ii) Agreement for the Use of the Transmission Networks, or CUST; and (iii) Connection Agreement. The CPST is executed between the ONS and the concessionaire. The CUST is executed among the ONS, the concessionaire, represented by the ONS, and the user of the transmission network. These users may be: (i) agents holding a concession or a permission for the distribution of electricity; (ii) power generation agents directly connected to the basic grid or not connected to the basic grid but operating centrally, whether concessionaires or authorized companies; (iii) consumers connected to the basic grid; and (iv) importers and exporters of electricity directly connected to the basic grid.

There are three types of Connection Agreements: (i) Agreement for the Connection to the Transmission Network, or Contrato de Conexao do Sistema de Transmissao ; (ii) Agreement for Facilities’ Sharing, or Contrato de Compartilhamento de Instalacoes ; and (iii) Agreement for the Connection to the Transmission Network—Adjustment Term, or Contrato de Conexao ao Sistema de Transmissao—Termo de Ajuste . These agreements are executed between the transmission concessionaires and the connecting agents, while the ONS is an interested third party to such agreements.

There is also the Financial Guarantee Contract, or Contrato de Constituicao de Garantia , which is an agreement between the ONS, acting on its own behalf and on behalf of the transmission concessionaire, and the custodian bank which provides ONS with access to funds available in user-designated bank accounts in the event the latter fails to satisfy payments owed to the transmission concessionaires and to ONS under the corresponding CUST.

Governmental Incentives to Encourage Expansion of the Electric Transmission Grid

There are special credit lines available to entrepreneurs from the National Bank for Economic and Social Development, or Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Economico e Social . Also, Law No. 11,488 of 2007, as amended, created the Special Incentive Regimen for the Development of Infrastructure, or Regime Especial de Incentivos para o Desenvolvimento da Infraestrutura , or REIDI, a general tax incentive to infrastructure projects, which directly applies to the expansion of the electric transmission grids.

A recent innovation regarding the granting of the REIDI was established after the edition of Mines and Energy Ministerial Ordinance No. 274/2013, which stipulates all the data that is required in order to apply for this incentive, which includes, among other, the description of the project, technical and legal information, and the perspective of investment in equipment, materials and machines. All information required must be compiled in a specific petition and filed with ANEEL.

The Rates for the Provision of Electric Transmission Services

Electric transmission companies are remunerated through the Annual Authorized Revenue, or Receita Anual Permitida , or RAP, for the availability of their facilities to the ONS and for the rendering of transmission services to the users.

 

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Charges and Tariffs Owed by Electric Transmission Concessionaires

The Electricity Services Inspection Fee, Taxa de Fiscalizacao de Servicos de Energia Eletrica , or TFSEE, was created by Law No. 9,427 of 1996, as amended, and regulated by Decree No. 2,410 of 1997. TFSEE is an annual fee payable directly to ANEEL in 12 monthly payments, and is calculated based on the type of service rendered by the concessionaire and in proportion to the size of the concession. It is equivalent to 0.4% of the annual economic benefit earned by the concessionaire. Electricity transmission concessionaires also must invest each year a minimum of 1% of their net operating revenues in electricity research and development.

Penalties

The regulation issued by ANEEL governs the imposition of sanctions against the participants of the energy sector and classifies the appropriate penalties based on the nature and importance of the breach (including warnings, fines, temporary suspension from the right to participate in public auctions for new concessions, licenses or authorizations and forfeiture). For each breach, the fine may be up to 2% of the concessionaire revenues (net of value-added tax and services tax) in the 12-month period preceding any assessment notice. In addition, electricity generation, distribution and electric transmission concessionaires are strictly liable for any direct or consequential damages caused to third parties as a result of inappropriate provision of electricity services at their facilities. In case ONS is incapable of determining liability for the damages to a particular concessionaire, permissionaire or authorized agent, or if the damages are caused by ONS, liability is proportionately allocated to the electric transmission, distribution and generation agents in accordance with the voting rights of each category under the ONS bylaws.

Reinforcements and Improvements

The granting authority may unilaterally amend the concession agreements, including in the event of alterations to the project or previously unforeseen specifications (such as a requirement to strengthen or to improve the current electric transmission facilities). A concessionaire is entitled to the economic and financial balance of the concession agreement and, therefore, receives additional revenues by way of amortization of its investments in the implementation of these reinforcements or improvements.

Until May 2005, a concessionaire’s obligation to implement strengthening actions, or Reinforcement, was subject to specific prior authorization from ANEEL, which would then set the corresponding additional revenues.

Any improvement action, or Improvement, would not require prior authorization or additional revenues. The then-existing regulation, however, failed to clearly define Reinforcement and Improvement. Thus, on May 23, 2005, ANEEL issued Resolution No. 158, distinguishing the projects and installations that would be considered as reinforcements and those deemed to be classified as Improvements. In July 2011, Resolution No. 158 was replaced by Resolution No. 443.

Improvement is defined as any installation, replacement or remodeling of equipment in order to ensure regular, continued, safe and updated electricity transmission services, pursuant to the relevant concession agreement and network procedures. The costs incurred from improvements will not be taken into account in any subsequent revision of the RAP. Nonetheless, the concessionaire can claim for the reestablishment of economic and financial balance of the concession agreement.

Reinforcement is defined as the implementation of new electricity transmission facilities, or replacement or adjustment of existing facilities, as recommended in previously approved plans for the expansion of the power transmission network. It is subject to prior authorization by ANEEL and is intended to increase the electric transmission capacity or the reliability of the SIN, or to implement a physical alteration of the configuration of the electric grid or of a given facility. Through ANEEL Resolution No. 443, certain types of reinforcements may be implemented by transmission concessionaires directly, without prior authorization by ANEEL, provided that they are the result of a request by ONS aiming at expanding electric transmission capacity or the reliability of the

 

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SIN. In this case, however, ANEEL will not have previously established the additional revenues to which the concessionaire would be entitled for the implementation of such reinforcement. These revenues, therefore, are included in the annual revision of the RAP. In addition, Resolution No. 443 does not assure that all costs incurred by the concessionaire for the investments in reinforcements will be taken into account for establishing the relevant RAP.

Finally, concessionaires that are not subject to periodic revision of the RAP could be compelled to make investments within the scope of expansion plans or at the request of ONS, which would not require prior approval by ANEEL and, consequently, are not included in RAP. In such event, pursuant to Resolution No. 443, concessionaires will be entitled to apply for acknowledgement of the investments by means of a special revision of the RAP pursuant to a procedure and parameters not clearly defined by ANEEL, including time periods. The lack of a clear definition could result in mismatched investment disbursements and RAP payments. However, additional fixed revenues from revisions will be retroacted until the reinforcement operations begin.

 

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MANAGEMENT

Executive Officers and Directors of Abengoa Yield

Below is a list of names and a brief account of the business experience of our executive officers and directors.

 

Name

  Age    

Position

Manuel Sanchez Ortega

    51      Director and Chairman of the Board of Directors

Santiago Seage

    46      Chief Executive Officer and Director

Eduard Soler

    35      Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Manuel Silvan

    41      Vice President Taxes, Risk Management and Compliance

Emiliano Garcia

    46      Vice President North America

Antonio Merino

    47      Vice President South America

David Esteban

    35      Vice President Europe

Irene M. Hernandez

    34      General Counsel

William B. Richardson

    67      Director

Christopher Standlee

    61      Director

Maria J. Esteruelas

    42      Director

Eduardo Kausel

    71      Director, independent

Daniel Villalba

    67      Director, independent

Jack Robinson

    72      Director, independent

Enrique Alarcon

    72      Director, independent

Juan del Hoyo

    70      Director, independent

Manuel Sanchez Ortega, Director and Chairman of the Board of Directors

Mr. Sanchez has served as our Chairman since our formation in December 2013. Mr. Sanchez joined Abengoa in 1989 as a software engineer. In 1995, he was named Executive Vice President in Mexico, where he was based for five years. In 2001, Mr. Sanchez was named general manager of Abengoa’s Information Technologies business, of which he was appointed the Chief Executive Officer in 2002 and Chairman in 2004, serving in that capacity until he was appointed Chief Executive Officer of Abengoa in October 2010, in which capacity he continues to serve. He holds a degree in Industrial Electrical Engineering from the ICAI in Madrid and has a Master’s degree in Business Administration from the Instituto Panamericano de Alta Direccion de Empresas (IPADE) in Mexico. Mr. Sanchez has been a member of the Advisory Board of the Global Business Initiative of the McDonough Business School at Georgetown University in Washington D.C. since March 2013.

Santiago Seage, Chief Executive Officer and Director

Mr. Seage has served as our CEO since our formation. Prior to this appointment, he served as Abengoa Solar’s CEO beginning in 2006. Previously, Mr. Seage was Abengoa’s Vice President of Strategy and Corporate Development. Before joining Abengoa, he was a partner with McKinsey & Company. Mr. Seage holds a degree in Business Management from ICADE University in Madrid. Mr. Seage is and will remain an officer of Abengoa after this offering.

Eduard Soler, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Mr. Soler has served as our Executive Vice President and CFO since our formation. Prior to that, he served as the corporate head of Abengoa’s concessions business and previously as Abengoa Solar’s head of strategy and business development. Prior to this, he was an engagement manager with McKinsey & Company in its corporate finance practice. Mr. Soler holds a Business Administration degree from Esade University in Barcelona and an MBA from Harvard University. Mr. Soler is and will remain an officer of Abengoa after this offering.

 

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Manuel Silvan, Vice President Taxes, Risk Management and Compliance

Mr. Silvan has served as Vice President Taxes, Risk Management and Compliance since our formation. Prior to that, he served as Abengoa’s Vice President of Taxation beginning in 2007. Before joining Abengoa in 1998, he worked for the legal and tax advisory firm of Garrigues. Mr. Silvan holds a degree in Economics and Business Science from Huelva University, a Master’s degree in Tax Consultancy from Cajasol Business Institute and an MBA from San Telmo International Institute. Mr. Silvan is and will remain an officer of Abengoa after this offering.

Emiliano Garcia, Vice President North America

Mr. Garcia serves as Vice President of our North American business. Based in Phoenix, Arizona, he is responsible for managing two of our key assets, Solana and Mojave. Mr. Garcia was previously the General Manager of Abengoa Solar in the United States and of the Solana Power Plant. Before that, he held a number of managerial positions in various Abengoa companies over two decades. Mr. Garcia holds a Bachelor’s degree in Engineering from Madrid Technical University.

Antonio Merino, Vice President South America

Mr. Merino serves as Vice President of our South American business. Previously, he was the Vice President of Abengoa’s Brazilian business, as well as the head of Abengoa’s commercial activities and partnerships in South America. Mr. Merino holds an MBA from San Telmo International Institute.

David Esteban, Vice President Europe

Mr. Esteban has served as Vice President of our operations in Europe since July 2014. He had previously served at Abengoa’s Corporate Concession department for two years. Before joining Abengoa, David worked for the management consulting firm Arthur D. Little for seven years in the industries of Telecoms & Energy and then moved to a private equity firm specialized in renewable investments in Europe for three years.

Irene M. Hernandez, General Counsel

Ms. Hernandez has served as our General Counsel since June 2014. Prior to that, she served as head of our legal department since the date of our formation. Before that, Ms. Hernandez served as Deputy Secretary General at Abengoa Solar since 2012. Before joining Abengoa, she worked for several law firms. Ms. Hernandez holds a law degree from Complutense Madrid University and a Master’s degree in law from the Madrid Bar Association ( Colegio de Abogados de Madrid (ICAM) ).

William B. Richardson, Director

Mr. Richardson was the 30 th Governor of the State of New Mexico, from 2003 to 2011. He was U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and Energy Secretary and has also served as a U.S. Congressman, chairman of the 2004 Democratic National Convention and chairman of the Democratic Governor’s Association. He is chairman of APCO Worldwide’s executive advisory service, Global Political Strategies and Special Envoy of the Organization of American States, Chairman of the International Council for Science and the Environment, as well as an advisor to Abengoa and member of Abengoa’s international advisory board.

Christopher Standlee, Director

Mr. Standlee serves as Executive Vice President of Global Affairs at Abengoa Bioenergy U.S. He also serves as co-chairman of the Biotechnology Industry Organization’s Industrial and Environmental Section Working Group. Mr. Standlee previously served as Vice President and General Counsel of Abengoa Bioenergy

 

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U.S., where he held operational responsibilities, until 2010. Before that, Mr. Standlee served as Vice President and General Counsel of the NASDAQ-listed company High Plains Corporation until its acquisition by Abengoa in 2002. He is a past chairman of the board of directors of the Renewable Fuels Association. Mr. Standlee received his undergraduate degree from Yale University in Political Science, and his Juris Doctorate from the University of Kansas.

Maria J. Esteruelas, Director

Ms. Esteruelas serves as the Executive Vice President of Latin America at Abengoa. Previously she was the Vice President of Concessions at one of Abengoa’s subsidiaries. Ms. Esteruelas has an Industrial Engineering degree from the Instituto Catolico de Artes e Industrias University and has a Master’s degree in Operations from the Instituto de Empresa in Madrid.

Eduardo Kausel, Director

Dr. Kausel is a Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or MIT. Dr. Kausel is a senior member of various professional organizations and has extensive experience as consulting engineer. He is the author of more than 100 technical papers and has a Doctorate and a Masters of Science from MIT, a post-graduate degree from Darmstadt University in Germany and a civil engineering degree from the University of Chile.

Daniel Villalba, Director

Daniel Villalba was previously a Professor of Business Economics at the Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. He also previously served as the CEO of Inverban, a broker and investment bank, and independent board member of Vueling, an airline currently part of International Airlines Group, Abengoa and the Madrid Stock Exchange, as well as a board member of several private companies. He also has written more than 50 academic papers and books. Mr. Villalba holds a Master of Science in Operations Research from Stanford University, a Master of Science in Business Administration from the University of Massachusetts and a PhD in Economics from the Universidad Autonoma de Madrid.

Jack Robinson, Director

Mr. Robinson is a portfolio manager and partner at Brown Advisory, affiliates of which are investment advisers registered with the Commission. He also serves on the advisory board of several institutions including ACORE, Greener Capital Partners and Practically Green. He holds a Bachelor’s degree from Brown University.

Enrique Alarcon, Director

Dr. Alarcon has been a Professor of Engineering at several universities, as well as Chairman of the Spanish Royal Academy of Engineering and member of the Science and Engineering Sector of the “European Academy.” Dr. Alarcon holds a PhD in Engineering and a civil engineering degree from the Madrid Technical University and has written a dozen books and more than 100 articles and received many prizes in recognition of his work in the field of engineering.

Juan del Hoyo, Director

Dr. del Hoyo is a Professor of Economics at Madrid University. He has published several books and many articles on economy and finance. He holds a PhD in Economics, a Masters in Econometrics from the University of Southampton and is a telecommunications Engineer.

 

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Business Address

The business address of our executive officers and directors is currently Great West House, GW1, 17 th floor, Great West Road, Brentford, U.K., TW8 9DF.

Board Practices

For purpose of the following disclosure, Mr. Sanchez, Mr. Seage, Mr. Richardson, Mr. Standlee and Ms. Esteruelas are considered Abengoa representatives.

Our board of directors consists of 10 directors, five of them independent. Under our articles of association, our board of directors may consist of seven to 13 members, and Abengoa will be entitled to nominate up to a majority of our directors for so long as Abengoa beneficially owns more than 50% of our outstanding shares.

Abengoa representatives do not vote on matters that represent or could represent a conflict of interests, including the evaluation of assets offered to us under the ROFO Agreement.

Our board of directors is responsible for, among other things, overseeing the conduct of our business; reviewing and, where appropriate, approving, our long-term strategic, financial and organizational goals and plans; and reviewing the performance of our chief executive officer and other members of senior management.

Under English law, the board of directors of an English corporation is responsible for the management, administration and representation of all matters concerning the relevant business, subject to the provisions of the relevant constitution, statutes and resolutions adopted at general shareholder’s meetings by a majority vote of the shareholders. Under English law, the board of directors may delegate its powers to an executive committee or other delegated committee or to one or more persons, unless the shareholders, through a meeting, have specifically delegated certain powers to the board of directors and have not approved the board of director’s delegation to others.

Appointments and Remuneration Committee

The duties and functions of our Appointments and Remuneration Committee include, among others, the duty to inform our board of directors of appointments, re-elections, terminations and remuneration of our board of directors and its members, as well as upon general remuneration and incentives policy for our board of directors and senior management. Our Appointments and Remuneration Committee meets as often as necessary in order to perform its functions and at least once every six months. The committee informs and makes proposals to the board of directors.

Our Appointments and Remuneration Committee consists of Mr. Sanchez, Mr. Villalba and Mr. Alarcon.

Audit Committee

Our Audit Committee is responsible for monitoring and informing the board of directors on the work of external and internal auditors, control systems, key processes and procedures, security and risks. The committee consists of six members. It is chaired by Mr. Villalba and includes Mr. Seage, Mr. Alarcon, Mr. Kausel, Mr. Robinson and Mr. del Hoyo. We expect Mr. Seage to resign from the committee prior to the first anniversary of our IPO, whereupon the committee will consist of five independent directors.

The committee will meet as many times as required and a minimum of two times per year.

Our Audit Committee is directly responsible for overseeing the work of the external auditor engaged for the purpose of preparing or issuing an auditor’s report or performing other audit, review or attest services, including the resolution of disagreements between the external auditor and management. The external auditor will report

 

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directly to our Audit Committee. Our Audit Committee is also responsible for reviewing and approving our hiring policies regarding former employees of the external auditor. In addition, the Audit Committee preapproves all non-audit services undertaken by the external auditor.

Our Audit Committee is responsible for reviewing the adequacy and security of procedures for the confidential, anonymous submission by our employees or contractors regarding any possible wrongdoing in financial reporting or other matters. Our Audit Committee is accountable to our board of directors and will provide a report to our board of directors after each regularly scheduled Audit Committee meeting outlining the results of the Audit Committee’s activities and proceedings.

Lead Independent Director

Our corporate governance guidelines provide that one of our independent directors shall serve as a lead independent director at any time when an independent director is not serving as the chairman of our board of directors. Mr. Villalba serves as our lead independent director.

Management Team

We have a senior management team with extensive experience in developing, financing, managing and operating contracted assets. This senior management team is being provided to us by Abengoa pursuant to the Executive Services Agreement. We intend to employ directly these individuals no later than June 2015.

Family Relationships

There are no family relationships among any of our executive officers or directors.

Benefits upon Termination of Employment

Neither we nor our subsidiaries maintain any director’s service contracts providing for benefits upon termination of service.

Corporate Governance Practices

For purposes of the NASDAQ rules, we are a “controlled company.” Controlled companies under those rules are companies of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, a group or another company. Abengoa controls more than 50% of the combined voting power of our shares and has the right to designate a majority of the members of our board of directors for nomination for election and the voting power to elect such directors. Accordingly, we are eligible to, and we may, take advantage of certain exemptions from corporate governance requirements provided in the NASDAQ rules. Specifically, as a controlled company, we are not required to have: (i) a majority of independent directors, (ii) a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors, (iii) a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors or (iv) an annual performance evaluation of the nominating/corporate governance and compensation committees. Therefore, if we are able to rely on the “controlled company” exemption, we will not be required to have a majority of independent directors, our Appointments and Remuneration Committee will not need to consist entirely of independent directors and such committees will not be required to be subject to annual performance evaluations; accordingly, you may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the applicable NASDAQ rules.

We are also a “foreign private issuer” under the U.S. federal securities laws and the NASDAQ rules. The foreign private issuer exemption will permit us to follow home country corporate governance practices instead of certain of NASDAQ’s requirements, including in the event we are no longer eligible for the “controlled

 

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company” exemption. A foreign private issuer that elects to follow a home country practice instead of NASDAQ’s requirements must submit to NASDAQ a written statement from an independent counsel in such issuer’s home country certifying that the issuer’s practices are not prohibited by the home country’s laws. In addition to the requirements from which we are exempt as a controlled company, the foreign private issuer exemption exempts us from the requirement of having regularly scheduled meetings at which only independent directors are present.

These exemptions do not modify the independence requirements for the audit committee, and we currently comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the NASDAQ rules.

Compensation of Our Executive Officers

We do not currently directly employ any of the executives responsible for managing our business, but we plan to employ our executive management team, including Mr. Seage, Mr. Soler, Mr. Silvan, Mr. Garcia and Mr. Merino over the course of the next year.

Our officers will manage the day-to-day affairs of our business and will be employed and compensated by us, including under long-term incentive plans, once they become our employees, although some of our executives may continue to participate in long-term incentive plans with Abengoa, provided that since January 1, 2015 these incentives can only be based on Abengoa Yield’s business objectives and Abengoa’s stock price. We expect that future compensation for our executive officers will be determined and structured in a manner similar to that then currently used by Abengoa to compensate its executive officers. Our officers, as well as the employees of Abengoa who provide services to us, may participate in employee benefit plans and arrangements sponsored by Abengoa, including plans that may be established in the future but their objectives can only be based on Abengoa Yield’s business objectives and approved by us.

Compensation of Our Directors

Our independent directors will receive compensation as “non-employee directors” as set by our board of directors.

Each independent director receives a total annual compensation of $100,000. As lead independent director and Chair of our Audit Committee, Mr. Villalba receives an additional $35,000 per year. Directors representing Abengoa do not receive any compensation from us. As of the date of this prospectus, the total compensation received by our independent directors from us during 2014 was $200,563.

Each member of our board of directors will be indemnified for his actions associated with being a director to the extent permitted by law.

Share Ownership of Our Executive Officers and Directors

None of our executive officers or directors own more than 1% of our outstanding shares.

 

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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Each of our assets typically has two contracts in place with Abengoa entities from the time of construction, an operation and maintenance agreement and a services agreement that covers local administrative support. We also have engineering, procurement and construction agreements with subsidiaries of Abengoa.

Additionally, we have entered into a number of agreements with our controlling shareholder, Abengoa, that we believe will allow us to: (i) secure cost-effective administrative and financial support and (ii) access through the ROFO Agreement and the Call Option Agreement a pipeline of potential acquisitions that we believe will help us to grow in the future. In addition to the deed described under “Description of Share Capital—Brazil Dividend Policy” and the shareholders agreement and related parent support agreement described under “Business—Our Operations—Exchangeable Preferred Equity Investment in Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding,” we have entered into seven agreements with Abengoa:

 

   

ROFO Agreement;

 

   

Trademark License Agreement;

 

   

Financial Support Agreement;

 

   

Support Services Agreement;

 

   

Executive Services Agreement;

 

   

Governance MOU; and

 

   

Call Option Agreement.

Each of these agreements has been reviewed with external advisors and we believe that they comply with transfer pricing regulations. Each agreement is described below.

Project-Level Management and Administration Agreements

When our projects reach COD, we typically have in place two contracts for each project:

 

   

an operations and maintenance contract, in most cases with an Abengoa subsidiary; and

 

   

a services contract that typically covers areas like accounting, administration, payments management, local legal and tax support, local institutional relations, communications and other services. This contract is entered into with local Abengoa subsidiaries that have the required staff in the countries or states in which our assets are located.

Operation and Maintenance Contracts

Each of the assets in our portfolio, including the Abengoa ROFO Assets we expect to acquire, have entered into an operation and maintenance agreement with an Abengoa subsidiary, with the exception of ACT, where the contract is with third-party providers.

 

   

Term. Contract terms range from 20 to 30 years, typically mirroring the duration of financing contracts. The only exceptions are ATN and ATS, which are subject to shorter terms but have renewal clauses.

 

   

Services. Contracts typically cover all day-to-day operation and maintenance services, including procurement of equipment, scheduling and performance of maintenance, operation of the facility, training and supervision of personnel, as well as compliance with laws and regulations, safety and security programs, environmental services and technical reporting.

 

   

Termination. Typically, either party may terminate the agreement upon default by the counterparty. The relevant project-level company that owns the asset can typically terminate due to payment default, winding-

 

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up of the operator, failure of the operator to perform material obligations, termination of the PPA and, in some cases, for failure to reach certain performance ratios, the imposition of fines or penalties in excess of certain threshold amounts or force majeure. The operator can typically terminate in the event of payment default, winding-up of the project-level company, failure of the project-level company to perform material obligations and, in some cases, force majeure.

 

   

Compensation. Operation and maintenance contracts in Solana and Mojave provide for a fixed fee of approximately $500,000 per plant per year, which is indexed to U.S. CPI and a variable fee paid in periods in which net operating profit exceeds the target. In addition, the operator is entitled to reimbursement of certain costs. In other projects, including ATN, ATS, Solaben 2/3 Solacor 1/2, PS10/20 the operation and maintenance contract provides for an all-in fee by which the operator must bear substantially all costs for the operation and maintenance of the plant.

Services Agreement

Each of our project-level companies, including the Abengoa ROFO Assets we expect to acquire, have entered into a services agreement with a local Abengoa subsidiary, which agreement typically provides for accounting, administration, payments management, local legal and tax support, local institutional, communications services and general support services.

 

   

Term. The agreements relating to ATN and ATS expire after a year but include tacit renewal clauses, while Solana, Mojave, Solaben 2/3, Solacor 1/3, PS10/20 are contracts with 20- to 30-year terms.

 

   

Termination. The agreements can typically be terminated due to breach of obligations, insolvency, suspension of payments or winding-up of the counterparty, or mutual consent.

 

   

Compensation. The compensation paid is typically approximately 1% of revenues, with the exception of Solaben 2/3, Solacor 1/2, which provide for a fee of 2.5% of revenues, and PS10/20, which provide for a fee of 2% of revenues.

Engineering, Procurement and Construction Agreement

Each of our project-level companies, including the Abengoa ROFO Assets we expect to acquire, have entered into an EPC contract with a local Abengoa subsidiary. These contracts typically provide for the construction of the asset and are in place until the asset reaches COD. EPC contracts may contain warranties such as those against defects in design, materials and workmanship after completion of the asset and may also provide a performance guarantee.

Right of First Offer

Pursuant to the ROFO Agreement, which we and Abengoa entered into on June 13, 2014, as amended and restated on December 9, 2014, Abengoa and its affiliates granted us and our affiliates a right of first offer on any proposed sale, transfer or other disposition of any of their contracted renewable energy, conventional power, electric transmission or water assets that are in operation and any other renewable energy, conventional power, electric transmission and water asset that is expected to generate contracted revenue and that Abengoa has transferred to an investment vehicle that are located in our primary geographies: (i) North America (the United States, Canada and Mexico); (ii) the following countries in South America: Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil and Colombia; and (iii) the European Union. In addition, with respect to selected countries in Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Australia, which we refer to as our secondary geographies.

On July 2, 2014 we agreed with Abengoa on a list of four assets that will be considered Abengoa ROFO Assets. The initial list of these four assets consists of Shams, a 110 MW solar plant in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, ATN2, an 81 mile transmission line in Peru, Honaine, a 7 million cubic feet per day desalination plant in Algeria and Skikda, a 3.5 million cubic feet per day desalination plant in Algeria. We refer to the contracted assets subject to the ROFO Agreement as the “Abengoa ROFO Assets.” See “Summary—Our Growth Strategy” and “Business—Our Growth Strategy.”

 

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Whenever we acquire an asset from Abengoa in the secondary geographies, or, if after 60 days of negotiations we and Abengoa are unable to reach an agreement on an asset offered for sale to us, we will update the list to include a replacement asset. If we and Abengoa are unable to agree on the replacement asset, Abengoa will propose three additional assets in the secondary geographies and we will select one to replace the asset removed from the list. Thereafter, the selected asset will also be considered an Abengoa ROFO Asset. This right of first offer will not apply to a merger with or into, or sale of substantially all of Abengoa’s assets to, an unaffiliated third party, or to an internal restructuring. The right of first offer will not apply to the sale of Linha Verde, a Brazilian transmission line, which sale to a third party is in the process of receiving the necessary approvals for closing, pursuant to a purchase agreement entered into on March 26, 2014.

If Abengoa transfers interests in any Abengoa ROFO Asset to any affiliate or to an investment vehicle, then Abengoa must obtain an accession agreement from such transferee subjecting the transferred Abengoa ROFO Asset to our right of first offer. For purposes of this requirement, “investment vehicle” means any person (A) (i) formed by Abengoa to act as an investment vehicle or (ii) that is an affiliate of Abengoa that Abengoa intends to use as an investment vehicle or becomes an investment vehicle due to an investment by a third party and (B) with the purpose of providing equity to projects related to any renewable energy, conventional power, electric transmission line and water contracted revenue assets that are to be, are being or were previously developed, sponsored, initiated or launched by Abengoa or any of its affiliates, irrespective of the amount of equity invested in such person by Abengoa or any such affiliate.

In addition, we have a “negotiation call” right under which we can require Abengoa to negotiate in good faith for the sale to us of any Abengoa ROFO Asset that has been in operation for 18 months.

The ROFO Agreement has an initial term of five years from the consummation of our IPO. We will be able to unilaterally extend the term of the ROFO Agreement as many times as desired for an additional three-year period; provided that we have executed at least one acquisition in the previous two years after having been offered at least four projects.

Prior to engaging in any negotiation regarding any disposition, sale or other transfer of any Abengoa ROFO Asset, Abengoa will deliver a written notice to us thereof, including all information that is relevant for us to make a determination regarding the Abengoa ROFO Asset including the price at which Abengoa proposes to sell it to us. Once that information is received and if we do not notify Abengoa within 10 days that the information is insufficient, a 60-day negotiation period will start. If an agreement is not reached, Abengoa may, during the following 30 months, only sell, transfer, dispose or recontract such Abengoa ROFO Asset to a third party (or to agree in writing to undertake such transaction with a third party) on terms and conditions generally no less favorable to Abengoa than those offered by Abengoa to us. If an asset that was already the subject of negotiations is presented again, we will have a 15-day period to negotiate. After such 30-month period, the asset will cease to be an Abengoa ROFO Asset.

We will pay to Abengoa a fee of 1% of the equity purchase price of any Abengoa ROFO Asset that we acquire as consideration for Abengoa granting us the right of first offer.

Under the ROFO Agreement, Abengoa is not obligated to sell any Abengoa ROFO Asset and, therefore, we do not know when, if ever, these assets will be offered to us. In addition, in some of the assets offered to us under the ROFO Agreement, Abengoa may have equity partners with rights regulating divestitures by Abengoa of its stake such as drag-along and tag-along clauses, and rights of first refusal, among others. We will consider and take into account all these clauses when deciding whether to present an offer.

Even though we do not have a ROFO right over them as described in this section, Abengoa may offer to sell to us contracted assets in business sectors or geographic regions not covered by the ROFO Agreement. We will evaluate these opportunities on a case-by-case basis.

 

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Any offer by Abengoa to sell an Abengoa ROFO Asset under the ROFO Agreement will be subject to an inherent conflict of interest because some of the same professionals within Abengoa’s organization who are involved in acquisitions that are suitable for us have responsibilities to Abengoa within Abengoa’s broader asset management business. Notwithstanding the significance of the services to be rendered by Abengoa or its designated affiliates on our behalf or of the assets which we may elect to acquire from Abengoa in accordance with the terms of the ROFO Agreement or otherwise, Abengoa will not owe fiduciary duties to us or our shareholders.

Any material transaction between Abengoa and us (including the proposed acquisition of any Abengoa ROFO Asset) will be subject to our related party transaction policy, which will require prior approval of such transaction by a majority of the independent members of our board of directors. See “—Procedures for Review, Approval and Ratification of Related Party Transactions; Conflicts of Interest,” “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Relationship with Abengoa—We may not be able to consummate future acquisitions from Abengoa” and “—Our organizational and ownership structure may create significant conflicts of interest that may be resolved in a manner that is not in our best interests or the best interests of our minority shareholders and that may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.”

Call Option Agreement

On December 9, 2014, we entered into the Call Option Agreement with Abengoa pursuant to which we have the option, exercisable by us or through any of our subsidiaries during a 10-month period starting on the closing date of this offering, to purchase from Abengoa up to $100 million in equity or subordinated debt of additional operational contracted assets at a yield of 12%, such yield being based on a set of projections of recurrent cash available for distribution generated by the relevant asset to be agreed between the parties (or decided by external arbitration if an agreement is not reached between us and Abengoa during a period of time). This agreement has a one-year term starting on the date of closing of this offering, although the relevant acquisitions may be completed afterwards. We will pay Abengoa a fee of 1% of the equity purchase price of any asset that we acquire through the Call Option Agreement, which is the same fee applicable to the acquisition of any Abengoa ROFO Assets made pursuant to the ROFO Agreement. Incremental cash available for distribution from acquisitions performed under this agreement is not included in the guidance announced by us on November 14, 2014.

Trademark License Agreement

We and Abengoa entered into a Trademark License Agreement on June 13, 2014, pursuant to which Abengoa granted us a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use the name “Abengoa” and the Abengoa logo, among other trademarks owned by Abengoa. Other than under this limited license, we do not have a legal right to the “Abengoa” name or the Abengoa logo. Abengoa also granted an exclusive license to use the “Abengoa Yield” name and logo.

On September 10, 2014, Abengoa transferred to us the domain names www.abengoayield.com, www.abengoayield.co.uk and www.abengoayield.es against payment of costs incurred by Abengoa in registering such domain names. Abengoa committed to cooperate to deliver to us any similar domain names at our request and it shall defend us against any infringements. We will assign the domain names to Abengoa within two years of any termination of the Trademark License Agreement.

Abengoa is entitled to terminate the Trademark License Agreement upon 90 days’ prior written notice of termination if any of the following occurs:

 

   

we default in the performance of any material term, condition or agreement contained in the Trademark License Agreement and the default continues uncured for a period of 90 days after written notice of termination of the breach is given to us;

 

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we assign, sublicense, pledge, mortgage or otherwise encumber the intellectual property rights granted to us pursuant to the Trademark License Agreement without Abengoa’s prior written consent and do not provide satisfactory remedy within 90 days; or

 

   

in the event of our bankruptcy, insolvency or similar events.

If Abengoa ceases to own directly or indirectly at least 20% of our outstanding shares, Abengoa will be entitled to terminate the Trademark License Agreement two years thereafter upon written notice.

In the event of any dispute under the Trademark License Agreement, a dispute notice will be required to be delivered, after which our CEO and the CEO of Abengoa will have an obligation to discuss and attempt to resolve the dispute for 15 days prior to submitting the matter to a court.

Financial Support Agreement

We and Abengoa entered into a Financial Support Agreement on June 13, 2014, for a period of five years, pursuant to which:

 

  (1)

Abengoa provided us with a revolving credit line from its central treasury for a period of five years up to a maximum amount of $50 million. If we have any funding needs in excess of this amount, Abengoa will make a good faith effort to accommodate any requests from us for additional funding taking into positive consideration the achievement of our business objectives. As of the date of this prospectus, the total amount of the credit line remains undrawn.

 

  (2)

If we have a positive liquidity position at the Abengoa Yield plc level while the revolving credit line is outstanding, we will deposit such cash in Abengoa’s central treasury, up to a maximum amount of $20 million.

 

  (3)

Abengoa will maintain any guarantees (whether parent company guarantees, bank guarantees, technical guarantees or otherwise) or letters of credit currently outstanding in our or any of our affiliates’ favor for a period of up to five years from the date of our IPO. We have undertaken to periodically review the relevance and possible substitution of such guarantees with a view to operating independently from Abengoa.

If Abengoa ceases to own, directly or indirectly, at least 20% of our outstanding shares, Abengoa shall be entitled to terminate the Financial Support Agreement not earlier than three years from the date thereof, upon 180 days’ prior written notice.

Procedures for Review, Approval and Ratification of Related Party Transactions; Conflicts of Interest

Our board of directors has adopted a code of business conduct and ethics which provides that our board of directors or its authorized committee will periodically review all related party transactions and, when appropriate, initially authorize or ratify all such transactions. In the event that our board of directors or its authorized committee considers ratification of a related party transaction and determines not to so ratify, the code of business conduct will provide that our management will make all reasonable efforts to cancel or annul the transaction.

Support Services Agreement

We and Abengoa entered into a Support Services Agreement on June 13, 2014, pursuant to which Abengoa agreed to provide or arrange for other service providers to provide management and administration services to us. This agreement does not include executive or senior management services.

 

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Services Rendered

Under the Support Services Agreement, Abengoa or certain of its affiliates provide or arrange for the provision by an appropriate service provider of the following services:

 

   

causing or supervising the carrying out of all day-to-day, secretarial, accounting, banking, treasury,

 

   

administrative, liaison, representative, regulatory and reporting functions and obligations;

 

   

establishing and maintaining or supervising the establishment and maintenance of books and records;

 

   

monitoring and/or oversight of our accountants, legal counsel and other accounting, financial or legal advisors and technical, commercial, marketing and other independent experts, and managing litigation in which we or one of our subsidiaries is sued or commencing litigation after consulting with, and subject to the approval of, the board of directors or its equivalent of us or our relevant subsidiary;

 

   

attending to all matters necessary for any reorganization, bankruptcy proceedings, dissolution or winding up of us or one of our subsidiaries, subject to approval by the relevant board of directors or its equivalent;

 

   

supervising the timely calculation and payment of taxes, and the filing of all tax returns;

 

   

causing or supervising the preparation of our annual financial statements and quarterly interim financial statements to be: (i) prepared in accordance with IFRS and audited at least to such extent and with such frequency as may be required by law, regulation or in order to comply with any debt covenants; and (ii) submitted to the relevant board of directors or its equivalent for its prior approval;

 

   

preparing filings for submission to, or required by, relevant regulators;

 

   

making recommendations in relation to and effecting the entry into insurance policies covering our assets, together with other insurances against other risks, including directors’ and officers’ insurance, as the relevant service provider and the relevant board of directors or its equivalent may from time to time agree;

 

   

providing us with authorizations and licenses necessary to use Abengoa’s corporate systems for management of risks (NOC) and for compliance processes (POC);

 

   

providing IT services, human resources support and office and space and support to our employees;

 

   

advising us regarding the maintenance of compliance with applicable laws and other obligations; and

 

   

providing all such other services as may from time to time be agreed with us that are reasonably related to our day-to-day operations.

These activities are subject to the supervision of our executive management.

Support Services Fee

Pursuant to the Support Services Agreement, we pay a support services fee of approximately $625,000 per quarter. The support services fee is adjusted for inflation annually since January 1, 2015 at an inflation factor based on year-over-year CPI. The support services fee shall also be increased if the total services agreements fees paid by the assets in a given year are lower than 1% of our revenue. The increase would be equivalent to the difference between a 1% of our revenues and the total fees paid under the service agreements by our assets. We do not expect this adjustment to occur based on the current level of fees, unless a significant project stopped paying its fees under its relevant project-level services agreement. Additionally, it will also be increased in connection with our completion of future acquisitions (including any Abengoa ROFO Assets) by an amount estimated to be equal to 0.12% of the enterprise value of the acquired assets as of the acquisition closing date.

 

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We may amend the scope of the services to be provided by Abengoa under the Support Services Agreement, including reducing the number of our subsidiaries that receive services or otherwise, by providing 180 days’ prior written notice to Abengoa; provided that the services to be provided by Abengoa under the Support Services Agreement cannot be increased without Abengoa’s prior written consent. Furthermore, we and Abengoa must consent to any related change in the support services fee resulting from a change in the scope of services. If the parties are unable to agree on a revised support services fee, we may terminate the agreement after the end of such 180-day period by providing 60 days’ prior written notice to Abengoa; provided, that any decision by us to terminate the Support Services Agreement must be approved by a majority of our independent directors.

Term and Termination

The Support Services Agreement does not have a fixed term. However, we are able to terminate the Support Services Agreement upon 180 days’ prior written notice of termination from us to Abengoa; provided that any decision by us to terminate the Support Services Agreement must be approved by a majority of our independent directors. We may not terminate the Support Services Agreement solely due to the poor performance of us or any of our subsidiaries or investments.

Abengoa is able to terminate the Support Services Agreement upon 180 days’ prior written notice of termination to us if we default in the performance or observance of any material term, condition or agreement contained in the Support Services Agreement in a manner that results in material harm to Abengoa and the default continues unremedied for a period of 60 days after written notice of the breach is given to us. Abengoa is also able to terminate the Support Services Agreement upon the occurrence of certain events relating to our bankruptcy or insolvency.

Indemnification and Limitations on Liability

Under the Support Services Agreement, Abengoa does not assume any responsibility other than to provide or arrange for the provision of the services called for thereunder in good faith and is not responsible for any action that we take in following or declining to follow the advice or recommendations of Abengoa. The maximum amount of the aggregate liability of Abengoa or any of its affiliates, or of any director, officer, employee, member, shareholder, agent or other representative of Abengoa or any of its affiliates, will be equal to the support services fee previously paid by us in the two most recent calendar years pursuant to the Support Services Agreement. We have also agreed to indemnify each of Abengoa and its affiliates, directors, officers, agents, members, partners, shareholders and employees to the fullest extent permitted by law from and against any claims, liabilities, losses, damages, costs or expenses (including legal fees) incurred by an indemnified person or threatened in connection with our respective businesses, investments and activities or in respect of or arising from the Support Services Agreement or the services provided by Abengoa, except to the extent that the claims, liabilities, losses, damages, costs or expenses are determined by a final and non-appealable judgment entered by a court or by a settlement agreement to have resulted from the indemnified person’s bad faith, fraud, willful misconduct, gross negligence, or in the case of a criminal matter, action that the indemnified person knew to have been unlawful. In addition, under the Support Services Agreement, the indemnified persons will not be liable to us except to the extent that there is a determination by a final and non-appealable judgment entered by a court that the conduct involved bad faith, fraud, willful misconduct, gross negligence or in the case of a criminal matter, action that the indemnified person knew to have been unlawful.

Executive Services Agreement

We intend to employ our executive and senior managers no later than June 2015. Nevertheless, until that time, we entered into an Executive Services Agreement with Abengoa on June 13, 2014, under which approximately 10 key executives, currently employed by Abengoa, provide their services to us while they remain employees of and continue to provide services to Abengoa.

 

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Services Rendered

Under the Executive Services Agreement, Abengoa arranges for senior managers to provide, among others, the following services:

 

   

providing the senior managers to act for us as agreed from time to time, subject to the approval of the relevant board of directors or its equivalent;

 

   

identifying, evaluating and recommending to us acquisitions or dispositions from time to time and, where requested to do so, assisting in negotiating the terms of such acquisitions or dispositions;

 

   

recommending to us suitable candidates to serve on the boards of directors or their equivalents of our subsidiaries;

 

   

making recommendations with respect to the exercise of any voting rights to which we are entitled in respect of our subsidiaries;

 

   

making recommendations regarding the issuance of any security, equity or debt;

 

   

making recommendations with respect to the payment of dividends by us or any other distributions by us, including distributions to our shareholders; and

 

   

carrying out the functions of principal executive, accounting, legal and financial officers for purposes of applicable securities laws.

Executive Services Fee

We pay an executive services fee of approximately $500,000 per quarter.

Termination

We are able to terminate this agreement immediately upon notice on or after June 2015 without cause, or at any time upon 30 days’ notice with cause. Both parties can agree to terminate it earlier once the 10 senior managers, or a majority of them, have been transferred to us.

Abengoa is not able to terminate this agreement unilaterally.

Once all or a substantial part of the senior managers have been transferred to us, we expect to charge a percentage of the compensation and related costs of these managers back to Abengoa, as they will dedicate part of their time to manage assets that are owned by Abengoa at that time.

Indemnification and Limitations on Liability

Under the Executive Services Agreement, Abengoa does not assume any responsibility other than to provide or arrange for the provision of the services called for thereunder in good faith and is not responsible for any action that we take in following or declining to follow the advice or recommendations of Abengoa. The maximum amount of the aggregate liability of Abengoa or any of its affiliates, or of any director, officer, employee, contractor, agent, advisor or other representative of Abengoa or any of its affiliates, is equal to the executive management services fee previously paid by us in the previous calendar years pursuant to the Executive Services Agreement. We have also agreed to indemnify each of Abengoa and its affiliates, directors, officers, agents, members, partners, stockholders and employees to the fullest extent permitted by law from and against any claims, liabilities, losses, damages, costs or expenses (including legal fees) incurred by an indemnified person or threatened in connection with our respective businesses, investments and activities or in respect of or arising from the Executive Services Agreement or the services provided by Abengoa, except to the extent that the claims, liabilities, losses, damages, costs or expenses are determined by a final non-appealable judgment entered by a court to have resulted from the indemnified person’s bad faith, fraud or willful

 

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misconduct, or in the case of a criminal matter, action that the indemnified person knew to have been unlawful. In addition, under the Executive Services Agreement, the indemnified persons are not liable to us to the fullest extent permitted by law, except for conduct that involved bad faith, fraud, willful misconduct, gross negligence or in the case of a criminal matter, action that the indemnified person knew to have been unlawful.

Governance MOU

On December 9, 2014, we entered into the Governance MOU with Abengoa pursuant to which we and Abengoa agreed to work jointly for a period of seven months to amend our corporate governance regulations to (i) ensure that none of our shareholders, including Abengoa, shall have the right to appoint or recommend either the majority or even half of our directors, even if such shareholder (including Abengoa) owns a majority of our shares, (ii) expand the list of strategic matters that require approval by our board of directors, including significant investments, divestitures and indebtedness and (iii) ensure that Abengoa will not be entitled to exercise more than 40% of the voting rights in relation to us.

 

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PRINCIPAL AND SELLING SHAREHOLDER

Principal and Selling Shareholder

As of the date of this prospectus, Abengoa, through its indirectly 100%-owned subsidiary Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited, the selling shareholder, beneficially owns approximately 64.3% of our shares. Upon consummation of this offering, assuming the full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, Abengoa will beneficially own approximately 51.08% of our shares and, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, Abengoa will beneficially own approximately 52.8% of our shares.

Control of Abengoa Yield

As of the date of this prospectus, Abengoa indirectly holds 64.3% of the voting power of our outstanding shares.

Arrangements for Change in Control of Abengoa Yield

We are not aware of any arrangements the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change of control of Abengoa Yield.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL

Issued capital

We were incorporated on December 17, 2013 under the name Abengoa Yield Limited, with an issued, fully paid up, share capital of 100 ordinary shares of €0.10 each. On March 19, 2014, Abengoa Yield Limited re-registered as a public limited company under the name Abengoa Yield plc, with an issued and fully paid-up share capital of 571,000 ordinary shares with a nominal value €0.10 per share. Following this re-registration, on March 20, 2014, Abengoa Yield plc redenominated its entire issued share capital of 571,000 ordinary shares with a nominal value of €0.10 per share into 571,000 ordinary shares with a nominal value of $0.138 per share. The entire issued share capital of Abengoa Yield plc was subsequently consolidated and sub-divided pursuant to Section 618 of the Companies Act 2006, or the Companies Act, to leave the Company with an issued share capital of 787,980 ordinary shares with a nominal value of $0.10 per share.

On June 12, 2014, we completed our IPO and listed our shares on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “ABY.”

Since the consummation of our IPO, our share capital consists of 80,000,000 ordinary shares that were issued in two steps:

 

   

following pricing, we issued new shares and agreed to a deferred cash payment to Abengoa in exchange for the assets they contributed to us; and

 

   

immediately thereafter, we issued new shares to the new shareholders in exchange for cash and used cash proceeds to make the deferred cash payment.

As of the date of this prospectus, we had 80,000,000 shares outstanding.

Shares not representing capital

None.

Shares held by the Company

We are not permitted under English law to hold our own shares unless they are repurchased by us and held in treasury.

History of share capital

The following table presents the history of our share capital as of the end of each of our last three fiscal years:

 

     December 31,
         2013              2012            2011    

Shares

     100       N/A    N/A

Upon our incorporation (December 17, 2013), we issued 100 shares.

Memorandum and Articles of Association

Objects and Purposes

We were incorporated in England and Wales as a private limited company on December 17, 2013 under the name Abengoa Yield Limited, registered number 8818211. On March 19, 2014, we re-registered as a public limited company, under the name Abengoa Yield plc.

 

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The description of the company’s articles of association, or the Articles, in this section is based on the form of articles of association that will be adopted by the company prior to the consummation of this offering.

The Companies Act abolishes the need for an objects clause and, as such, our objects will be unrestricted.

Disclosure of Personal Interests of an Office Holder

The Companies Act requires that an office holder disclose to the company any personal interest that he or she may have, and all related material information and documents known to him or her, in connection with any existing or proposed transaction by the company. The disclosure is required to be made promptly and in any event, no later than at the board of directors meeting in which the transaction is first discussed.

Directors

Subject to the provisions of the Articles, the directors may meet for the dispatch of business and adjourn and otherwise regulate its proceedings as they think fit. Unless and until in a general meeting the shareholders of the company determine otherwise, the number of directors of the company shall not be less than 7 or more than 13 in number.

The quorum necessary for the transaction of business of the directors may be fixed from time to time by the directors and unless so fixed at any other number shall be a number equal to at least half of the directors appointed from time to time. A meeting of the directors at which a quorum is present shall be competent to exercise all powers and discretions for the time being exercisable by the directors. A director is not counted in the quorum at a meeting in relation to any resolution on which he is debarred from voting.

The directors of the company may in accordance with the Articles, and the provisions of the Companies Act, authorize a matter proposed to the company that would, if not authorized, involve a breach by a director of his duty under section 175 of the Companies Act to avoid a situation in which he or she has, or can have, a direct or indirect interest that conflicts, or possibly may conflict with the interests of the company. A director is not required, by reason of being a director (save as otherwise agreed by such director), to account to the company for any benefit which the director (or a person connected with the director) derives from any such matter authorized by the director. Any contract, transaction or arrangement relating to such matter shall not be liable to be avoided on the grounds of any such benefit.

Sections 177 and 182 of the Companies Act require any transaction or arrangement with the company in which a director has an interest (proposed or existing) to be declared, and not only those that are extraordinary transactions or arrangements.

A director may not vote at a meeting of the board of directors or of a committee of the board of directors on any resolution in respect of any contract, transaction, or arrangement, or any other proposal in which he has (either alone or together with any person connected with him, as provided in the Companies Act) an interest other than in the circumstances set out below. A director shall not be counted in the quorum at a meeting of the directors in relation to any resolution in which the director is not entitled to vote.

Subject to the provisions of the Companies Act, a director is entitled to vote and be counted in the quorum in respect of any resolution concerning any contract, transaction or arrangement or any other proposal (inter alia):

 

   

in which he has an interest of which he is not aware or which cannot reasonably be regarded as likely to give rise to a conflict of interest;

 

   

in which he has an interest only by virtue of interests in the company’s shares, debentures or other securities or otherwise in or through the company;

 

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which involves the giving of any security, guarantee or indemnity to the director or any other person in respect of obligations incurred by him or any other person for the benefit of the company or a debt or other obligation of the company for which the director has assumed responsibility under a guarantee or indemnity or by the giving of security;

 

   

concerning an offer of securities by the company or any of its subsidiary undertakings in which he is or may be entitled to participate as a holder of securities or as an underwriter or sub-underwriter;

 

   

concerning any other corporate, provided that he and any connected persons do not own or have a beneficial interest in one percent or more of any class of share capital of such body corporate, or of the voting rights available to the members of such body corporate;

 

   

relating to an arrangement for the benefit of employees or former employees which does not award him any privilege or benefit not generally awarded to the employees or former employees to whom such arrangement relates;

 

   

concerning the purchase or maintenance of insurance for any liability for the benefit of directors;

 

   

concerning the giving of indemnities in favor of the directors; or

 

   

concerning the funding of expenditure by any director or directors (i) on defending criminal, civil or regulatory proceedings or actions against him or them, (ii) in connection with an application to the court for relief, (iii) on defending him or them in any regulator investigations, or (iv) incurred doing anything to enable him to avoid incurring such expenditure.

Any director (including the director that has the conflict) may propose that such conflicted director be authorized in relation to any matter which is the subject of such a conflict. The director with the conflict will not count towards the quorum at the meeting at which the conflict is considered and may not vote on any resolution authorizing the conflict. Where the board of directors gives authority in relation to such a conflict, the board of directors may impose such terms on the relevant director as it deems appropriate.

Each of our directors and other officers may be indemnified by us against all costs, charges, losses, expenses and liabilities incurred by such director or officer in the execution or discharge of his or her duties or in relation to those duties. The Companies Act renders void an indemnity for a director against any liability attaching to him in connection with any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust in relation to the company of which he or she is a director, as described in “—Differences in Corporate Law—Liability of Directors and Officers.” We plan to purchase insurance for our directors regarding negligence, default, breach of trust and breach of duty under the terms allowed under the Companies Act.

Appointment of Directors

The Companies Act requires that a resolution approving provisions to appoint a director for a period of more than two years must not be passed unless a memorandum setting out the proposed contract incorporating the provision is made available to members: in the case of a resolution at a meeting, by being made available for inspection by members of the company both (i) at the company’s registered office for not less than 15 days ending with the date of the meeting, and (ii) at the meeting itself.

Subject to certain minimum thresholds in terms of their shareholdings, each shareholder shall be entitled to appoint a number of directors in proportion to their shareholding. However, no shareholder shall be entitled to appoint more than half of the directors plus one.

Effective from October 1, 2013, quoted companies must obtain a binding vote of shareholders on remuneration policy at least once every three years and an advisory vote an implementation report on how the remuneration policy was implemented in the relevant financial year.

 

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Ordinary remuneration shall be paid to the independent non-executive directors only and shall be determined by the directors.

Directors’ Borrowing Powers

Subject to the provisions of the Articles and the Companies Act, the directors may exercise all the powers of the company to borrow money, mortgage or charge all or any part or parts of its undertaking, property and uncalled capital, and issue debentures and other securities whether outright or as collateral security for any debt, liability or obligation of the company or of any third party.

Removal of Directors

The company may, by ordinary resolution of which special notice has been given, remove any director and elect another person in place of such director.

Retirement of Directors

Each director shall retire at the annual general meeting held in the third calendar year following the year in which he was elected or last re-elected by the company or such shorter period as the directors may determine. In addition, each director (other than the Chairman and any director holding an executive office) shall also be required to retire at each annual general meeting following the ninth anniversary on the date on which he was elected by the company. A director who retires at any annual general meeting shall be eligible for election or re-election unless the directors resolve otherwise not later than the date of the notice of such annual general meeting.

When a director retires at an annual general meeting in accordance with the Articles, the company may, by ordinary resolution at the meeting, fill the office being vacated by re-electing the retiring director. In the absence of such a resolution, the retiring director shall nevertheless be deemed to have been re-elected, except in the cases identified by the Articles.

Termination of Office

The office of a director of the company shall be terminated if:

 

  (i)

subject to the provisions of the Companies Act, the shareholder who appointed the relevant director of the company elects to terminate the office of such director;

 

  (ii)

the director of the company becomes prohibited by law or (if applicable) the NASDAQ Rules from acting as a director or ceases to be a director by virtue of any provision of the Companies Act;

 

  (iii)

the company has received notice of the director’s resignation or retirement from office and such resignation or retirement from office has taken effect in accordance with its terms;

 

  (iv)

the director has retired at an annual general meeting in accordance with the Articles;

 

  (v)

the director has a bankruptcy order made against him/her, compounds with his/her creditors generally or applies to the court for an interim order under the UK Insolvency Act 1986 in connection with a voluntary arrangement under that Act or any analogous event occurs in relation to the director in another country;

 

  (vi)

an order is made by any court claiming jurisdiction in that behalf on the ground (however formulated) of mental disorder for the director’s detention or for the appointment of another person (by whatever name called) to exercise powers with respect to the director’s property or affairs;

 

  (vii)

the director is absent from meetings of the directors for three months without permission and the directors have resolved that the director’s office be vacated;

 

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  (viii)

notice of termination is served or deemed served on the director and that notice is given by a majority of directors for the time being; or

 

  (ix)

in the case of a director other than the chairman and any director holding an executive office, if the directors resolve to require the director to resign and the director fails to do so within 30 days of notification of such resolution being served or deemed served on the director.

Share Qualification of Directors

A director shall not be required to hold any shares of the company by way of qualification. A director who is not a member of the company shall nevertheless be entitled to attend and speak at general meetings.

Rights Attached to Our Shares

As of December 17, 2013, the shares have attached to them full voting, dividend and capital distribution (including winding up) rights. However, the shares do not confer any rights of redemption.

Without prejudice to any rights attached to any existing shares, the company may issue shares with such rights or restrictions as determined either by the company by ordinary resolution or, if the company passes a resolution to authorize them, the directors. The company may also issue shares which are, or are liable to be, redeemed at the option of the company or the holder.

Dividend Rights . Our Articles provide that the company may, by ordinary resolution, declare final dividends to be paid to its shareholders in accordance with their respective rights. However, no dividend shall be declared unless it has been recommended by the directors and does not exceed the amount recommended by the directors.

If the directors believe that the profits of the company justify such payment, they may pay fixed dividends on any class of shares where the fixed dividend is payable on fixed dates. They may also pay interim dividends on shares of any class in amounts and on dates and periods as they think fit. Provided the directors act in good faith, they shall not incur any liability to the holders of any shares for any loss they may suffer by the lawful payment of dividends on any other class of shares having rights ranking equally with or behind those shares.

Unless the share rights otherwise provide, all dividends shall be declared and paid according to the amounts paid up on the shares on which the dividend is paid, and apportioned and paid pro rata according to the amounts paid on the shares during any portion or portions of the period in respect of which the dividend is paid.

Any unclaimed dividends may be invested or otherwise applied for the benefit of the company until they are claimed. If any dividend is unclaimed for 12 years from the date on which it was declared or became due for payment, the person who was otherwise entitled to it shall cease to be entitled and the company may keep that sum. In addition, the company will not be considered a trustee with respect to the amount of any payment into a separate account by the directors of any unclaimed dividend or other sum payable on or in respect of a share of the company.

The company may cease to send any check or other means of payment by post for any dividend on any shares which is normally paid in that manner if in respect of at least two consecutive dividends payable on those shares, the check, warrant or order has been returned undelivered or remains uncashed but, subject to the provisions of these Articles, shall recommence sending checks, warrants or orders in respect of the dividends payable on those shares if the holder of or person entitled to them claims the arrears of dividend and does not instruct the company to pay future dividends in some other way.

The directors may, if authorized by ordinary resolution, offer to shareholders the right to elect to receive, in lieu of a dividend, an allotment of new shares credited as fully paid.

 

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Voting Rights . Subject to the provisions in the Articles and any special rights or restrictions as to voting attached to any shares or class of shares of the company, at a general meeting, voting on each and every resolution shall be taken by way of a poll.

As such, every member present in person or by proxy has one vote for every share held by him, as per the Articles.

A proxy shall not be entitled to vote where the member appointing the proxy would not have been entitled to vote on the resolution had he been present in person.

In the case of joint holders of a share, the vote of the senior who tenders a vote, whether in person or by proxy, shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the other joint holders and for this purpose seniority shall be determined by the order in which the names appear in the register of the company in respect of the joint holding.

The actions necessary to change the rights of holders of the shares are as follows: the rights of the shareholders would need to be altered by way of a special resolution requiring 75% vote of the shareholders who are present and voting in person or by proxy. In order to change the rights of a separate class of shares, it will require such a vote by shareholders of that class of shares.

Liquidation Rights . In the event of our liquidation, subject to applicable law, after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors, our assets will be distributed to the holders of shares in proportion to their respective holdings. This liquidation right may be affected by the grant of preferential dividends or distribution rights to the holders of a class of shares with preferential rights that may be authorized in the future.

Redemption Provisions . We may, subject to applicable law and to our Articles, issue redeemable preference shares and redeem the same.

Capital Calls . Under our Articles and the Companies Act, the liability of our shareholders is limited to the nominal (par) value of the shares held by them.

Subject to the terms of allotment of the shares of the company, the directors of the company may make a call on our shareholders to pay up any nominal value or share premium outstanding by giving them notices of such call. A shareholder must pay to the company the amount called on his shares but is not required to do so until 14 days have passed since the notice of call was sent. If a shareholder fails to pay any part of a call, the directors may serve further notice naming another day not being less than seven days from the date of the further notice requiring payment and stating that in the event of non-payment the shares on which the call has been made will be liable to be forfeited. Subsequent forfeiture requires a resolution by the directors. As part of the initial public offering, the nominal value and share premium of all shares will be fully paid.

Transfer of Shares . Fully-paid shares are issued in registered form and may be transferred pursuant to our Articles, unless such transfer is restricted or prohibited by another instrument and subject to applicable securities laws.

Transfers of uncertificated shares may be effected by means of a relevant system (i.e., NASDAQ Global Select Market) unless the NASDAQ Regulations provide otherwise.

Preemptive Rights . In certain circumstances, our shareholders have preemptive rights under the Companies Act with respect to new issuances of equity securities. These rights are summarized in “—Differences in Corporate Law—Preemptive Rights.”

 

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Modification of Rights

Whenever the share capital of the company is divided into different classes of shares, the special rights attached to any class may be varied or abrogated either with the written consent of the holders of three-quarters in nominal value of the issued shares of the class (excluding shares held as treasury shares) or with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate meeting of the holders of the shares of the class (but not otherwise), and may be so varied or abrogated either while the company is a going concern or during or in contemplation of a winding-up.

The special rights attached to any class of shares will not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue, be deemed to be varied by (i) the creation or issue of further shares ranking, as regards participation in the profits or assets of the company, in some or all respects equally with them but in no respect in priority to them, or (ii) the purchase or redemption by the company of any of its own shares.

Shareholders’ Meetings and Resolutions

An annual general meeting shall be held in each period of six months beginning with the day following the company’s accounting reference date, at such place or places, date and time as may be decided by the directors.

The directors may, whenever they think fit, call a general meeting. The directors are required to call a general meeting once the company has received requests from its members to do so in accordance with the Companies Act.

Notice of general meetings shall include all information required to be included by the Companies Act and shall be given to all members other than those members who are not entitled to receive such notices from the company under the provisions of the Articles. The company may determine that only those persons entered on the Register at the close of business on a day decided by the company, such day being no more than 21 days before the day that notice of the meeting is sent, shall be entitled to receive such a notice.

For the purposes of determining which persons are entitled to attend or vote at a meeting, and how many votes such persons may cast, the company must specify in the notice of the meeting a time, not more than 48 hours before the time fixed for the meeting, by which a person must be entered on the Register in order to have the right to attend or vote at the meeting. The directors may in their discretion resolve that, in calculating such period, no account shall be taken of any part of any day that is not a working day (within the meaning of Section 1173 of the Companies Act).

No business other than the appointment of a chairman shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum is present at the time when the meeting proceeds to business. Two members present in person or by proxy and representing in total at least one-third in nominal value of the issued shares will be a quorum.

The directors may require attendees to submit to searches or put in place such arrangements or restrictions as they think fit to ensure the safety and security of attendees at a general meeting. Any member, proxy or other person who fails to comply with such arrangements or restrictions may be refused entry to, or removed from, the general meeting.

The directors may decide that a general meeting shall be held at two or more locations to facilitate the organization and administration of such meeting. A member present in person or by proxy at the designated “satellite” meeting place may be counted in the quorum and may exercise all rights that they would have been able to exercise if they had been present at the principal meeting place. The directors may make and change from time to time such arrangements as they shall in their absolute discretion consider appropriate to:

 

   

ensure that all members and proxies for members wishing to attend the meeting can do so;

 

   

ensure that all persons attending the meeting are able to participate in the business of the meeting and to see and hear anyone else addressing the meeting;

 

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ensure the safety of persons attending the meeting and the orderly conduct of the meeting; and

 

   

restrict the numbers of members and proxies at any one location to such number as can safely and conveniently be accommodated there.

Limitation on Owning Securities

Our Articles do not restrict in any way the ownership or voting of our shares by non-residents. Furthermore, there is no longer an obligation of a shareholder of a U.K. company which is a non-listed (in the U.K. or EU) company to voluntarily disclose his shareholding unless, required to do so by the company. If the company serves a demand on a person under section 793 to the Companies Act, that person will be required to disclose any interest he has in the shares of the company.

Change in Control

We can issue additional shares with any rights or restrictions attached to them as long as they are not restricted by any rights attached to existing shares. These rights or restrictions can be decided by the directors so long as there is no conflict with the Articles or any resolution passed by the shareholders. The ability of the directors to issue shares with rights or restrictions that are different than those attached to the currently outstanding shares could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing change of control of our company.

We may in the future be subject to the U.K. Takeover Code which is not binding on our company at the present time. Nevertheless, the U.K. Takeover Code could apply to our company under certain circumstances in the future and if that were to occur, if a person: (a) acquires an interest in our shares which, when taken together with shares in which he or persons acting in concert with him are interested, carries 30% or more of the voting rights of our shares; or (b) who, together with persons acting in concert with him, is interested in shares that in the aggregate carry not less than 30% and not more than 50% of the voting rights in the company, acquires additional interests in shares that increase the percentage of shares carrying voting rights in which that person is interested, in both cases, the acquirer and, depending on the circumstances its concert parties, would be required (except with the consent of the UK Takeover Panel) to make a cash offer for our outstanding shares at a price not less than the highest price paid for any interests in the shares by the acquirer or its concert parties during the previous 12 months.

Brazil Dividend Policy

Pursuant to the terms of a deed we entered into with the selling shareholder, generally, in the event the annual dividend paid by ACBH to us as holder of ACBH’s preferred equity is below $18.4 million in any given year, the selling shareholder agreed that Abengoa Yield can defer the payment of a portion of the dividend from Abengoa Yield to the selling shareholder in an amount equal to such shortfall (similar arrangements will apply if the selling shareholder transfers any of our shares to any other member of the ACI Group). However, any such deferral will be made only if and to the extent that the selling shareholder (or, where relevant, another member of the ACI Group) continues to be a shareholder of ours as of the relevant date. If the ACI Group’s ownership of us falls below a level such that the attributable share of our dividends to the ACI Group falls below $18.4 million, we have the option of requiring the relevant member or members of the ACI Group to purchase part or all of our preferred interest in ACBH so that the preferred dividend payable to us from ACBH following such purchase is equivalent to (but does not exceed) the ACI Group’s share of our dividend going forward.

The deed will cease to be in force when: (i) we cease to hold any exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH; (ii) we elect to exchange all of our preferred equity in ACBH for shares in ACBH’s projects; or (iii) the aggregate amount of dividends from projects owned by ACBH and paid to ACBH and which are freely distributable by ACBH to Abengoa Yield reaches a minimum of $36 million per financial year for three consecutive financial years (provided that at that time: (a) all assets held by ACBH have entered into commercial operation and (b) ACBH’s cash flow projections for the following 12 months indicate that ACBH will be able to pay the preferred dividend of $18.4 million to Abengoa Yield for the current fiscal year).

 

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Other UK Law Considerations

Squeeze-out

Under the Companies Act, if a takeover offer (as defined in section 974 of the Companies Act) is made for the shares of a company and the offeror were to acquire, or unconditionally contract to acquire, not less than 90% in value of the shares to which the takeover offer relates the Takeover Offer Shares, and not less than 90% of the voting rights attached to the Takeover Offer Shares within three months of the last day on which its offer can be accepted, it could acquire compulsorily the remaining 10%. It would do so by sending a notice to outstanding shareholders telling them that it will acquire compulsorily their Takeover Offer Shares and then, six weeks later, it would execute a transfer of the outstanding Takeover Offer Shares in its favor and pay the consideration to the company, which would hold the consideration on trust for outstanding shareholders. The consideration offered to the shareholders whose Takeover Offer Shares are acquired compulsorily under the Companies Act must, in general, be the same as the consideration that was available under the takeover offer.

Sell-out

The Companies Act also gives minority shareholders a right to be bought out in certain circumstances by an offeror who has made a takeover offer (as defined in Section 974 of the Companies Act). If a takeover offer related to all our shares and, at any time before the end of the period within which the offer could be accepted, the offeror held or had agreed to acquire not less than 90% of our shares to which the offer relates, any holder of our shares to which the offer related who had not accepted the offer could by a written communication to the offeror require it to acquire those shares. The offeror is required to give any shareholder notice of his right to be bought out within one month of that right arising. The offeror may impose a time limit on the rights of the minority shareholders to be bought out, but that period cannot end less than three months after the end of the acceptance period. If a shareholder exercises his or her rights, the offeror is bound to acquire those shares on the terms of the offer or on such other terms as may be agreed.

Disclosure of Interest in Shares

Pursuant to Part 22 of the Companies Act, the company is empowered by notice in writing to require any person whom the company knows to be, or has reasonable cause to believe to be, interested in the company’s shares or at any time during the three years immediately preceding the date on which the notice is issued to have been so interested, within a reasonable time to disclose to the company details of that person’s interest and (so far as is within such person’s knowledge) details of any other interest that subsists or subsisted in those shares. Under the Articles, if a member defaults in supplying the company with the required details in relation to the shares in question, or the Default Shares, then, in respect of such shares, the directors shall be entitled by notice to the member to require that the member shall not be entitled to vote or exercise any other right conferred by membership in relation to general meetings. Where the Default Shares represent 0.25% or more of the issued shares of the class in question, the directors may direct that (i) any dividend or other money payable in respect of the Default Shares shall be retained by the company without any liability to pay interest on it when such dividend or other money is finally paid to the member and/or (ii) no transfer by the relevant member of shares (other than transfer approved in accordance with the provisions of the Articles) may be registered (unless such member is not in default and the transfer does not relate to Default Shares).

Purchase of Own Shares

Under English law, a public limited company may purchase its own shares only out of the distributable profits of the company or the proceeds of a new issue of shares made for the purpose of financing the purchase. A public limited company may not purchase its own shares if as a result of the purchase there would no longer be any issued shares of the company other than redeemable shares or shares held as treasury shares. Subject to the foregoing, because the NASDAQ Global Select Market is not a “recognized investment exchange” under the Companies Act, the company may purchase its own fully paid shares only pursuant to a purchase contract

 

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authorized by ordinary resolution of the holders of its ordinary shares before the purchase takes place. Any authority will not be effective if any shareholder from whom we propose to purchase shares votes on the resolution and the resolution would not have been passed if such shareholder had not done so. The resolution authorizing the purchase must specify a date, not being later than five years after the passing of the resolution, on which the authority to purchase is to expire.

A share buy-back by the company of its ordinary shares will give rise to UK stamp duty at the rate of 0.5% of the amount or value of the consideration payable by the company, and such stamp duty will be paid by the company.

Our Articles do not have conditions governing changes in our capital which are more stringent than those required by law.

Distributions

Under the Companies Act, before a public company incorporated in England and Wales can lawfully make a distribution, it must ensure that it has sufficient distributable reserves (accumulated, realized profits, so far as not previously utilized by distribution or capitalization, less accumulated, realized losses, so far as not previously written off in a reduction or reorganization of capital duly made). In this regard, on September 19, 2014, we announced the completion of a reduction of capital, to create a distributable reserve, as described in our IPO prospectus filed with the Commission on June 12, 2014. The reduction of capital became effective upon the registration of the court order at UK Companies House on September 17, 2014. For more information on our cash dividend policy and the risks regarding such policy, see “Cash Dividend Policy.”

Differences in Corporate Law

The applicable provisions of the Companies Act differ from laws applicable to U.S. corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of certain differences between the provisions of the Companies Act applicable to us and the Delaware General Corporation Law relating to shareholders’ rights and protections. This summary is not intended to be a complete discussion of the respective rights and it is qualified in its entirety by reference to English law and Delaware law.

 

    

England and Wales

  

Delaware

Number of
Directors

  

Under the Companies Act, a public limited company must have at least two directors and the number of directors may be fixed by or in the manner provided in a company’s articles of association.

  

Under Delaware law, a corporation must have at least one director and the number of directors shall be fixed by or in the manner provided in the bylaws.

Removal of
Directors

  

Under the Companies Act, shareholders may remove a director without cause by an ordinary resolution (which is passed by a simple majority of those voting in person or by proxy at a general meeting) irrespective of any provisions of any service contract the director has with the company, provided that 28 clear days’ notice of the resolution is given to the company and its shareholders and certain other procedural requirements under the Companies Act are followed (such as allowing the director to make

  

Under Delaware law, unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, directors may be removed from office, with or without cause, by a majority stockholder vote, though in the case of a corporation whose board is classified, stockholders may effect such removal only for cause.

 

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England and Wales

  

Delaware

  

representations against his or her removal either at the meeting or in writing).

  

Vacancies on the Board of Directors

  

Under English law, the procedure by which directors (other than a company’s initial directors) are appointed is generally set out in a company’s articles of association, provided that where two or more persons are appointed as directors of a public limited company by resolution of the shareholders, resolutions appointing each director must be voted on individually unless a resolution of the shareholders that such resolutions do not have to be voted on individually is first agreed to by the meeting without any vote being given against it.

  

Under Delaware law, vacancies on a corporation’s board of directors, including those caused by an increase in the number of directors, may be filled by a majority of the remaining directors.

Annual General Meeting

  

Under the Companies Act, a public limited company must hold an annual general meeting in each six-month period following the company’s annual accounting reference date.

  

Under Delaware law, the annual meeting of stockholders shall be held at such place, on such date and at such time as may be designated from time to time by the board of directors or as provided in the certificate of incorporation or by the bylaws.

General Meeting

  

Under the Companies Act, a general meeting of the shareholders of a public limited company may be called by the directors.

 

Shareholders holding at least 5% of the paid-up capital of the company carrying voting rights at general meetings can require the directors to call a general meeting.

  

Under Delaware law, special meetings of the stockholders may be called by the board of directors or by such person or persons as may be authorized by the certificate of incorporation or by the bylaws.

Notice of General Meetings

  

Under the Companies Act, 21 clear days’ notice must be given for an annual general meeting and any resolutions to be proposed at the meeting. Subject to a company’s articles of association providing for a longer period, at least 14 clear days’ notice is required for any other general meeting. In addition, certain matters (such as the removal of directors or auditors) require special notice, which is 28 clear days’ notice. The shareholders of a company may in all cases consent to a shorter notice period, the proportion of shareholders’ consent required being 100% of those entitled to attend and vote in the case of an annual general meeting and, in the case of any other general meeting, a majority in number of the

  

Under Delaware law, unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or bylaws, written notice of any meeting of the stockholders must be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at the meeting not less than ten nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting and shall specify the place, date, hour, and purpose or purposes of the meeting.

 

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England and Wales

  

Delaware

  

members having a right to attend and vote at the meeting, being a majority who together hold not less than 95% in nominal value of the shares giving a right to attend and vote at the meeting. Neither of these thresholds can be changed by a company’s articles of association.

  

Proxy

  

Under the Companies Act, at any meeting of shareholders, a shareholder may designate another person to attend, speak and vote at the meeting on their behalf by proxy.

  

Under Delaware law, at any meeting of stockholders, a stockholder may designate another person to act for such stockholder by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period.

Preemptive Rights

  

Under the Companies Act, “equity securities” (being (i) shares in the company other than shares that, with respect to dividends and capital, carry a right to participate only up to a specified amount in a distribution (“ordinary shares”) or (ii) rights to subscribe for, or to convert securities into, ordinary shares) proposed to be allotted for cash must be offered first to the existing equity shareholders in the company in proportion to the respective nominal value of their holdings, unless an exception applies or a special resolution to the contrary has been passed by shareholders in a general meeting or the articles of association provide otherwise in each case in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act.

  

Under Delaware law, unless otherwise provided in a corporation’s certificate of incorporation, a stockholder does not, by operation of law, possess preemptive rights to subscribe to additional issuances of the corporation’s stock.

Liability of Directors and Officers

  

Under the Companies Act, any provision (whether contained in a company’s articles of association or any contract or otherwise) that purports to exempt a director of a company (to any extent) from any liability that would otherwise attach to him in connection with any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust in relation to the company is void.

 

Any provision by which a company directly or indirectly provides an indemnity (to any extent) for a director of the company or of an associated company against any liability attaching to him in connection with any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust in relation

  

Under Delaware law, a corporation’s certificate of incorporation may include a provision eliminating or limiting the personal liability of a director to the corporation and its stockholders for damages arising from a breach of fiduciary duty as a director. However, no provision can limit the liability of a director for:

 

•   any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders;    

 

•   acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;    

 

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to the company of which he is a director is also void except as permitted by the Companies Act, which provides exceptions for the company to: (i) purchase and maintain insurance against such liability; (ii) provide a “qualifying third party indemnity” (being an indemnity against liability incurred by the director to a person other than the company or an associated company. Such indemnity must not cover criminal fines, penalties imposed by regulatory bodies, the defense costs of criminal proceedings where the director is found guilty, the defense costs of civil proceedings successfully brought against the director by the company or an associated company, and the costs of unsuccessful applications by the director for relief); and (iii) provide a “qualifying pension scheme indemnity” (being an indemnity against liability incurred in connection with the company’s activities as trustee of an occupational pension plan). Such indemnity must not cover a fine imposed in criminal proceedings, or sum payable to a regulatory authority by way of a penalty in respect of non-compliance with any requirement of a regulatory nature (however arising), or any liability incurred by the director in defending criminal proceedings in which he is convicted).

  

•   intentional or negligent payment of unlawful dividends or stock purchases or redemptions; or    

 

•   any transaction from which the director derives an improper personal benefit.

 

Voting Rights

  

Under English law, unless a poll is demanded by the shareholders of a company or is required by the chairman of the meeting or the company’s articles of association, shareholders shall vote on all resolutions on a show of hands. Under the Companies Act, a poll may be demanded by: (i) not fewer than five shareholders having the right to vote on the resolution; (ii) any shareholder(s) representing at least 10% of the total voting rights of all the shareholders having the right to vote on the resolution (excluding any voting rights attached to treasury shares); or (iii) any shareholder (s) holding shares in the company conferring a right to vote on the resolution being shares on which an aggregate sum has been paid up equal to

  

Delaware law provides that, unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, each stockholder is entitled to one vote for each share of capital stock held by such stockholder.

 

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not less than 10% of the total sum paid up on all the shares conferring that right. A company’s articles of association may provide more extensive rights for shareholders to call a poll.

  
  

Under English law, an ordinary resolution is passed on a show of hands if it is approved by a simple majority (more than 50%) of the votes cast by shareholders present (in person or by proxy) and entitled to vote. If a poll is demanded, an ordinary resolution is passed if it is approved by holders representing a simple majority of the total voting rights of shareholders present (in person or by proxy) who (being entitled to vote) vote on the resolution. Special resolutions require the affirmative vote of not less than 75% of the votes cast by shareholders present (in person or by proxy) at the meeting.

  

Shareholder Vote on Certain Transactions

  

The Companies Act provides for schemes of arrangement, which are arrangements or compromises between a company and any class of shareholders or creditors and used in certain types of reconstructions, amalgamations, capital reorganizations or takeovers. These arrangements require:

 

•   the approval at a shareholders’ or creditors’ meeting convened by order of the court, of a majority in number of shareholders or creditors representing 75% in value of the capital held by, or debt owed to, the class of shareholders or creditors, or class thereof present and voting, either in person or by proxy; and

 

•   the approval of the court.

  

Generally, under Delaware law, unless the certificate of incorporation provides for the vote of a larger portion of the stock, completion of a merger, consolidation, sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of a corporation’s assets or dissolution requires:

 

•   the approval of the board of directors; and

 

•   approval by the vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding stock or, if the certificate of incorporation provides for more or less than one vote per share, a majority of the votes of the outstanding stock of a corporation entitled to vote on the matter.

Standard of Conduct for Directors

  

Under English law, a director owes various statutory and fiduciary duties to the company, including:

 

•   to act in the way he considers, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the company for the benefit of its members as a whole;

 

•   to avoid a situation in which he has, or can have, a direct or indirect

  

Delaware law does not contain specific provisions setting forth the standard of conduct of a director. The scope of the fiduciary duties of directors is generally determined by the courts of the State of Delaware. In general, directors have a duty to act without self-interest, on a well-informed basis and in a manner they reasonably believe to be in the best interest of the stockholders.

 

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interest that conflicts, or possibly conflicts, with the interests of the company;

 

•   to act in accordance with the company’s constitution and only exercise his powers for the purposes for which they are conferred;

 

•   to exercise independent judgment;

 

•   to exercise reasonable care, skill and diligence;

 

•   not to accept benefits from a third party conferred by reason of his being a director or doing (or not doing) anything as a director; and

 

•   a duty to declare any interest that he has, whether directly or indirectly, in a proposed or existing transaction or arrangement with the company.

  

Stockholder Suits

  

Under English law, generally, the company, rather than its shareholders, is the proper claimant in an action in respect of a wrong done to the company or where there is an irregularity in the company’s internal management. Notwithstanding this general position, the Companies Act provides that (i) a court may allow a shareholder to bring a derivative claim (that is, an action in respect of and on behalf of the company) in respect of a cause of action arising from a director’s negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust and (ii) a shareholder may bring a claim for a court order where the company’s affairs have been or are being conducted in a manner that is unfairly prejudicial to some of its shareholders.

  

Under Delaware law, a stockholder may initiate a derivative action to enforce a right of a corporation if the corporation fails to enforce the right itself. The complaint must:

 

•   state that the plaintiff was a stockholder at the time of the transaction of which the plaintiff complains or that the plaintiffs shares thereafter devolved on the plaintiff by operation of law; and

 

•   allege with particularity the efforts made by the plaintiff to obtain the action the plaintiff desires from the directors and the reasons for the plaintiff’s failure to obtain the action; or

 

•   state the reasons for not making the effort.

 

Additionally, the plaintiff must remain a stockholder through the duration of the derivative suit. The action will not be dismissed or compromised without the approval of the Delaware Court of Chancery.

 

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Exchange Listing

Our shares are listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “ABY.”

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our ordinary shares is Computershare Trust Company, N.A.

 

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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

Future sales of substantial amounts of our shares in the public market, or the perception that such sales may occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our shares. No prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, future sales of shares, or the availability of our shares for future sales, will have on the market price of our shares prevailing from time to time. The number of shares available for future sale in the public market is subject to legal and contractual restrictions, some of which are described below. The expiration of these restrictions will permit sales of substantial amounts of our shares in the public market, or could create the perception that these sales may occur, which could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our shares. These factors also could make it more difficult for us to raise funds through future offerings of our shares.

Rule 144

The shares being sold in this offering will generally be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, except that any shares held by an “affiliate” of ours may not be resold publicly except in compliance with the registration requirements of the Securities Act or under an exemption under Rule 144 or otherwise. Rule 144 permits shares that have been acquired by a person who is an affiliate of ours, or has been an affiliate of ours within the past three months, to be sold into the market in an amount that does not exceed, during any three-month period, the greater of:

 

   

1% of the total number of our outstanding shares which equals 800,000 shares; or

 

   

the average weekly reported trading volume of our shares on the NASDAQ Global Select Market for the four calendar weeks prior to the sale.

Such sales are also subject to specific manner-of-sale provisions, a six-month holding period requirement for restricted securities, notice requirements and the availability of current public information about us. An “affiliate” is a person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by, or is under common control with an issuer.

Rule 144 also provides that a person who is not deemed to have been an affiliate of ours at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who has for at least six months beneficially owned shares that are restricted securities (including the holding period of any prior owner other than an affiliate), will be entitled to freely sell such shares subject only to the availability of current public information about us. A person who is not deemed to have been an affiliate of ours at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who has for at least one year beneficially owned shares that are restricted securities (including the holding period of any prior owner other than an affiliate), will be entitled to freely sell such shares under Rule 144 without regard to the public information requirements of Rule 144. To the extent that any of our affiliates sell their shares, other than pursuant to Rule 144 or a registration statement, the purchaser’s holding period for the purpose of effecting a sale under Rule 144 commences on the date of the transfer from the affiliate.

Lock-Up Agreements

We, the selling shareholder and our officers and directors listed in the “Management” section have agreed that, for a period ending 60 days after the date of this prospectus in our case and 90 days after the date of this prospectus in the case of the selling shareholder and our officers and directors, we and they will not, without the prior written consent of the representatives of the underwriters, dispose of or hedge any of our shares, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for our shares, subject to certain exceptions. See “Underwriting.”

 

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DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS

2019 Notes

On November 17, 2014, we issued the 2019 Notes in an aggregate principal amount of $255 million. Interest accrues on the 2019 Notes from November 17, 2014 until November 15, 2019, the maturity date at a rate of 7.000% per annum. In the event that we do not obtain a public credit rating for the 2019 Notes from each of S&P and Moody’s prior to November 15, 2015, the interest rate per annum accruing on the 2019 Notes will increase by 0.75%, to 7.750%, on and after November 15, 2015 until the date on which we have obtained a public credit rating for the 2019 Notes from each of S&P and Moody’s.

The 2019 Notes were offered and issued in transactions exempt from registration to certain qualified institutional buyers in the United States, under Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and to institutional investors outside the United States, under Regulation S under the Securities Act.

The proceeds of the 2019 Notes were used, together with a portion of the proceeds of the Credit Facility, to finance the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets from Abengoa pursuant to the ROFO Agreement. See “Summary—First Dropdown Assets” and “Business—First Dropdown Assets.” The total aggregate consideration for the First Dropdown Assets was $312 million (which consideration was determined in part by converting the portion of the purchase price of Solacor 1/2 and PS 10/20 denominated in euros into U.S. dollars based on the exchange rate on the date on which the payment was made).

As of the date of this prospectus, $255 million aggregate principal amount of the 2019 Notes remain outstanding. The 2019 Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by our subsidiaries Abengoa Solar Holdings USA Inc., Abengoa Solar US Holdings Inc. and Abengoa Concessions Peru, S.A. If we fail to make payments on the 2019 Notes as required under the indenture governing such notes, the guarantors are obligated to make such payments.

The indenture governing the 2019 Notes provides, among other things, that the 2019 Notes and the guarantees are our and the guarantors’, respectively, general unsecured obligations and rank equally (subject to any applicable statutory exemptions) in right of payment with all of our and the guarantors’, respectively, existing and future debt that is not subordinated in right of payment and be effectively subordinated to all of our and the guarantors’, respectively, existing and future secured debt to the extent of the assets securing such debt and to any preferential obligations under applicable law. Interest is payable on the 2019 Notes on May 15 and November 15 of each year beginning on May 15, 2015 until their maturity date of November 15, 2019.

The indenture governing the 2019 Notes contains covenants that limit certain of our and the guarantors’ activities, including those relating to: incur additional indebtedness; pay dividends on, redeem or repurchase our capital stock; prepay subordinated indebtedness; make certain investments; impose certain restrictions on the ability of subsidiaries to pay dividends or other payments; create certain liens; transfer or sell assets; merge or consolidate with other entities; enter into transactions with affiliates; and engage in unrelated businesses. Each of the covenants is subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications. In addition, certain of the covenants listed above will terminate before the 2019 Notes mature if at least two of the specified rating agencies assign the 2019 Notes an investment grade rating in the future and no events of default under the indenture governing the 2019 Notes exist and are continuing. Any covenants that cease to apply to us as a result of achieving investment grade ratings will not be restored, even if the credit ratings assigned to the 2019 Notes later fall below investment grade.

The indenture governing the 2019 Notes also contains customary events of default (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods). Generally, if an event of default occurs and is not cured within the time periods specified, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the 2019 Notes then outstanding may declare all of the 2019 Notes to be due and payable immediately.

 

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Credit Facility

On December 3, 2014 we, as the borrower, and our subsidiaries ACIN, ACP, ACTH, ASHUSA and ASUSHI, as guarantors, entered into the Credit Facility of up to $125 million with HSBC Bank plc, as administrative agent, HSBC Corporate Trust Company (UK) Limited, as collateral agent and Banco Santander, S.A., Bank of America, N.A., Citigroup Global Markets Limited, HSBC Bank plc and RBC Capital Markets as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners.

On December 22, 2014, we drewdown $125 million under the Credit Facility and used the related proceeds to finance the acquisition of Cadonal and for general corporate purposes.

Loans under the Credit Facility accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to: (A) for Eurodollar rate loans, LIBOR plus 2.75% and (B) for base rate loans, the highest of (i) the rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the rates on overnight U.S. Federal funds transactions with members of the U.S. Federal Reserve System arranged by U.S. Federal funds brokers on such day plus 1/2 of 1.00%, (ii) the U.S. prime rate and (iii) LIBOR plus 1.00%, in any case, plus 1.75%. Loans under the Credit Facility will mature on the fourth anniversary of the closing date of the Credit Facility. Loans prepaid by us under the Credit Facility may be reborrowed.

Our payment obligations under the Credit Facility are guaranteed by our subsidiaries ACIN, ACP, ACTH, ASHUSA and ASUSHI. The loan is also secured by substantially all of our assets and the assets of the guarantors, subject to customary exceptions.

The Credit Facility contains covenants that limit certain of our and the guarantors’ activities, including those relating to: mergers; consolidations; the ability to incur additional indebtedness; sales, transfers and other dispositions of property and assets; providing new guarantees; investments; granting additional security interests, transactions with affiliates and our ability to pay cash dividends is also subject to certain standard restrictions.

The Credit Facility also contains customary events of default, the ability of the lenders to declare the unpaid principal amount of all outstanding loans, and interest accrued thereon, to be immediately due and payable.

Additionally, we are required to comply with a maintenance leverage ratio of our indebtedness at the holding level to our cash available for distribution of 3.75:1.00 before debt service and an interest coverage ratio of cash available for distribution to debt service payments of 2.00:1.00.

Project Level Financing

We have outstanding project-specific non-recourse financing that is backed by certain of our assets. These financing arrangements generally include a pledge of shares of the entities holding our assets and customary covenants, including restrictive covenants that limit the ability of the project-level entities to make cash distributions to their parent companies and ultimately to us including if certain financial ratios are not met. For more information about the debt of project-level entities, see “Business—Our Operations.”

 

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TAXATION

The following is a discussion of the material U.K. and U.S. federal income tax consequences of acquiring, owning and disposing of shares in Abengoa Yield to the persons addressed therein. Insofar as it expresses legal conclusions with respect to matters of U.K. tax law and U.S. federal income tax law, it is the opinion of Linklaters LLP.

We plan to undertake the actions set forth in the Governance MOU only after analyzing and addressing all implications for us and our shareholders and taking into account, among other things, any adverse tax consequences. This might affect the timing of the implementation of some of those actions or prevent us from implementing some at all. The rest of this disclosure speaks to the present and does not take into account any actions that may be taken under the Governance MOU.

Material U.K. Tax Considerations

The following is a general summary of material U.K. tax considerations relating to the ownership and disposal of our shares. The comments set out below are based on current United Kingdom tax law as applied in England and Wales and HM Revenue & Customs, or HMRC, practice (which may not be binding on HM Revenue & Customs) as at the date of this summary, both of which are subject to change, possibly with retrospective effect. They are intended as a general guide and apply only to our shareholders resident and, in the case of an individual, domiciled for tax purposes in the United Kingdom and to whom “split year” treatment does not apply (except insofar as express reference is made to the treatment of non-United Kingdom residents), who hold our shares as an investment and who are the absolute beneficial owners thereof. The discussion does not address all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in the shares. Certain categories of shareholders, including those carrying on certain financial activities, those subject to specific tax regimes or benefitting from certain reliefs or exemptions, those connected with us and those for whom the shares are employment-related securities may be subject to special rules and this summary does not apply to such shareholders and any general statements made in this disclosure do not take them into account. This summary does not address any inheritance tax considerations.

This summary is for general information only and is not intended to be, nor should it be considered to be, legal or tax advice to any particular investor. It does not address all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to specific investors in light of their particular circumstances or to investors subject to special treatment under U.K. tax law. In particular:

POTENTIAL INVESTORS SHOULD SATISFY THEMSELVES PRIOR TO INVESTING AS TO THE OVERALL TAX CONSEQUENCES, INCLUDING, SPECIFICALLY, THE CONSEQUENCES UNDER U.K. TAX LAW AND HMRC PRACTICE OF THE ACQUISITION, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSAL OF THE SHARES IN THEIR OWN PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES BY CONSULTING THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS.

Taxation of dividends

We will not be required to withhold amounts on account of United Kingdom tax at source when paying a dividend in respect of our shares whether to U.K. resident or non-U.K. resident shareholders.

A United Kingdom resident individual shareholder who receives a dividend from us will be entitled to a tax credit which may be set off against the shareholder’s total income tax liability. The tax credit will be equal to 10% of the aggregate of the dividend and the tax credit (the “gross dividend”), which is also equal to one-ninth of the cash dividend received. Such an individual shareholder who is liable to income tax at the basic rate will be subject to tax on the dividend at the rate of 10% of the gross dividend, so that the tax credit will satisfy in full such shareholder’s liability to income tax on the dividend. In the case of such an individual shareholder who is

 

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liable to income tax at the higher rate, the tax credit will be set against but not fully match the shareholder’s tax liability on the gross dividend and such shareholder will have to account for additional income tax equal to 22.5% of the gross dividend (which is also equal to 25% of the cash dividend received) to the extent that the gross dividend when treated as the top slice of the shareholder’s income falls above the threshold for higher rate income tax. In the case of such an individual shareholder who is subject to income tax at the additional rate, the tax credit will also be set against but not fully match the shareholder’s liability on the gross dividend and such shareholder will have to account for additional income tax equal to 27.5% of the gross dividend (which is also equal to approximately 30.6% of the cash dividend received) to the extent that the gross dividend when treated as the top slice of the shareholder’s income falls above the threshold for additional rate income tax.

A United Kingdom resident individual shareholder who is not liable to income tax in respect of the gross dividend and other United Kingdom resident taxpayers who are not liable to United Kingdom tax on dividends will not be entitled to claim repayment of the tax credit attaching to dividends paid by us.

Shareholders who are within the charge to corporation tax will be subject to corporation tax on dividends paid by us, unless (subject to special rules for such shareholders that are small companies) the dividends fall within an exempt class and certain other conditions are met. Each shareholder’s position will depend on its own individual circumstances, although it would normally be expected that the dividends paid by us would fall within an exempt class. Such shareholders will not be able to claim repayment of tax credits attaching to dividends.

Non-United Kingdom resident shareholders who hold their shares as an investment and not in connection with any trade carried on by them will not be subject to United Kingdom tax in respect of any dividends. Non-United Kingdom resident shareholders will not generally be able to claim repayment from HM Revenue & Customs of any part of the tax credit attaching to dividends paid by us. A shareholder resident outside the United Kingdom may also be subject to foreign taxation on dividend income under local law. Shareholders who are not resident for tax purposes in the United Kingdom should obtain their own tax advice concerning tax liabilities on dividends received from us.

Taxation of disposals

U.K. Holders

Shareholders who are resident in the United Kingdom, or, in the case of individuals, who cease to be resident in the United Kingdom for a period of five years or less, may depending on their circumstances (including the availability of exemptions or reliefs), be liable to United Kingdom taxation on chargeable gains in respect of gains arising from a sale or other disposal of our shares.

Non-U.K. Holders

An individual holder who is not a U.K. Holder (covered by the paragraph above) will not be liable to U.K. capital gains tax on capital gains realized on the disposal of his or her shares unless such holder carries on (whether solely or in partnership) a trade, profession or vocation in the United Kingdom through a branch or agency in the United Kingdom to which the shares are attributable. In these circumstances, such holder may, depending on his or her individual circumstances, be chargeable to U.K. capital gains tax on chargeable gains arising from a disposal of his or her shares.

A corporate holder of shares that is not a U.K. Holder will not be liable for U.K. corporation tax on chargeable gains realized on the disposal of its shares unless it carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment to which the shares are attributable. In these circumstances, a disposal of shares by such holder may give rise to a chargeable gain or an allowable loss for the purposes of U.K. corporation tax.

 

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Stamp duty and stamp duty reserve tax

The stamp duty and stamp duty reserve tax, or SDRT, treatment of the issue and transfer of, and the agreement to transfer, our shares outside a depositary receipt system or a clearance service are discussed in the paragraphs under ‘General’ below. The stamp duty and SDRT treatment of such transactions in relation to such systems are discussed in the paragraphs under “Depositary Receipt Systems and Clearance Services” below.

General

An agreement to transfer our shares will normally give rise to a charge to SDRT at the rate of 0.5% of the amount or value of the consideration payable for the transfer. SDRT is, in general, payable by the purchaser.

Transfers of our shares will generally be subject to stamp duty at the rate of 0.5% of the consideration given for the transfer (rounded up to the next £5). The purchaser normally pays the stamp duty.

If a duly stamped transfer completing an agreement to transfer is produced within six years of the date on which the agreement is made (or, if the agreement is conditional, the date on which the agreement becomes unconditional) any SDRT already paid is generally repayable, normally with interest, and any SDRT charge yet to be paid is cancelled.

Depositary Receipt Systems and Clearance Services

Following the ECJ decision in C-569/07 HSBC Holdings Plc, Vidacos Nominees Limited v The Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs and the First-tier Tax Tribunal decision in HSBC Holdings Plc and The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation v The Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs, HM Revenue & Customs has confirmed that 1.5% SDRT is no longer payable when new shares are issued to a clearance service (such as, in our understanding, DTC) or depositary receipt system.

Where our shares are transferred (i) to, or to a nominee or an agent for, a person whose business is or includes the provision of clearance services or (ii) to, or to a nominee or an agent for, a person whose business is or includes issuing depositary receipts, stamp duty or SDRT will generally be payable at the higher rate of 1.5% of the amount or value of the consideration given or, in certain circumstances, the value of the shares.

There is an exception from the 1.5% charge on the transfer to, or to a nominee or agent for, a clearance service where the clearance service has made and maintained an election under section 97A(1) of the Finance Act 1986, which has been approved by HM Revenue & Customs. In these circumstances, SDRT at the rate of 0.5% of the amount or value of the consideration payable for the transfer will arise on any transfer of our shares into such an account and on subsequent agreements to transfer such shares within such account. It is our understanding that DTC has not made an election under section 97A(1) of the Finance Act of 1986.

It is expected that the 1.5% charge will arise in respect of the anticipated transfer of our shares as part of the offering to DTC in accordance with the settlement mechanics for the offering. The cost of this charge would be borne by the selling shareholder, Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited, and would not be payable by participants to this offering.

Save as disclosed above in relation to the anticipated transfer of our shares in accordance with the settlement mechanics for the offering, any liability for stamp duty or SDRT in respect of any other transfer into a clearance service or depositary receipt system, or in respect of a transfer within any clearance service or depositary receipt system, which does arise will strictly be accountable by the clearance service or depositary receipt system operator or their nominee, as the case may be, but will, in practice, be payable by the participants in the clearance service or depositary receipt system.

The Proposed Financial Transactions Tax

On February 14, 2013, the European Commission published a proposal, or the Commission’s Proposal, for a Directive for a common Financial Transactions Tax, or FTT, in Belgium, Germany, Estonia, Greece, Spain, France, Italy, Austria, Portugal, Slovenia and Slovakia (the “participating Member States”).

 

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The Commission’s Proposal has very broad scope and could, if introduced in its current form, apply to certain dealings in our shares (including secondary market transactions) in certain circumstances.

Under the Commission’s Proposal, the FTT could apply in certain circumstances to persons both within and outside of the participating Member States. Generally, it would apply to certain dealings in our shares where at least one party is a financial institution, and at least one party is established in a participating Member State. A financial institution may be, or be deemed to be, “established” in a participating Member State in a broad range of circumstances, including (i) by transacting with a person established in a participating Member State or (ii) where the financial instrument which is subject to the dealings is issued in a participating Member State.

The FTT proposal remains subject to negotiation between the participating Member States and the timing remains unclear. Additional EU Member States may decide to participate. Prospective holders of our shares are advised to seek their own professional advice in relation to the FTT.

Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations

The following is a summary of material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of shares by U.S. Holders (as defined below) who are initial purchasers of the shares. This summary is based upon U.S. federal income tax laws (including the IRC, final, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations, rulings, judicial decisions and administrative pronouncements), and the income tax treaty between the United States and the United Kingdom, or the Treaty, all as of the date hereof and all of which are subject to changes in wording or administrative or judicial interpretation occurring after the date hereof, possibly with retroactive effect.

As used herein, the term “U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of shares:

 

  (a)

that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (i) a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof, (iii) an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or the trust has validly elected to be treated as a domestic trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

 

  (b)

that holds the shares as capital assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes; and

 

  (c)

that owns, directly, indirectly or by attribution, less than 10% of the share capital or voting stock of Abengoa Yield.

This summary does not cover all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to, or the actual tax effect that any of the matters described herein will have on, the acquisition, ownership or disposition of shares by particular investors, and does not address state, local, foreign or other tax laws. This summary does not address all of the U.S. federal income tax considerations that may apply to U.S. Holders that are subject to special tax rules, such as certain U.S. expatriates, insurance companies, tax-exempt organizations, certain financial institutions, persons subject to the alternative minimum tax or the net investment income tax, dealers and certain traders in securities or currencies, persons holding shares as part of a straddle, hedging, conversion or other integrated transaction, partners in entities classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes, persons holding shares through an individual retirement account or other tax-deferred account, or persons whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar or persons that carry on a trade, business or vocation in the United Kingdom through a branch, agency or permanent establishment to which the shares are attributable. Such U.S. holders may be subject to U.S. federal income tax consequences different from those set forth below.

If an entity classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds shares, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner in such an entity generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. An entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes that holds

 

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shares and its partners are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the specific U.S. federal income tax consequences to the partnership and its partners of acquiring, owning and disposing of the shares.

This discussion assumes that Abengoa Yield is not, has not been during the prior taxable year, and will not become a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as discussed below under “—Passive foreign investment company rules.”

Potential investors in shares should consult their own tax advisors concerning the specific U.S. federal, state and local tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of shares in light of their particular situations as well as any consequences arising under the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction.

Taxation of distributions on the shares

Distributions received by a U.S. Holder on shares generally will constitute dividends to the extent paid out of Abengoa Yield’s current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes). Abengoa Yield intends to annually calculate its earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles. If distributions exceed Abengoa Yield’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, such excess distributions will constitute a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in its shares and will result in a reduction of such tax basis. To the extent such excess exceeds a U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the shares, such excess will generally be taxed as capital gain.

Subject to certain exceptions for short-term and hedged positions, dividends received by certain non-corporate U.S. Holders of shares generally will be subject to U.S. federal income taxation at rates lower than those applicable to other ordinary income if the dividends are “qualified dividend income.” Distributions received by a U.S. Holder on shares will be qualified dividend income if: (i) shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States (such as NASDAQ Global Select Market, where our shares are listed) and (ii) Abengoa Yield was not, for the year prior to the year in which the dividends are paid, and is not, for the year in which the dividends are paid, a PFIC. As discussed below under “—Passive foreign investment company rules,” although there can be no assurance that Abengoa Yield will not be considered a PFIC for any taxable year, Abengoa Yield does not believe that it was a PFIC for its prior taxable year and does not expect to be a PFIC for its current taxable year or in the foreseeable future. Non-corporate U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors to determine whether they are subject to any special rules that limit their ability to be taxed at these favorable rates. Corporate U.S. Holders will not be entitled to claim the dividends-received deduction with respect to dividends paid by Abengoa Yield. Dividends will be included in a U.S. Holder’s income on the date of the U.S. Holder’s receipt of the dividend.

Taxation upon sale or other disposition of shares

A U.S. Holder generally will recognize U.S. source capital gain or loss on the sale or other disposition of shares, which will generally be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder has owned shares for more than one year. The amount of the U.S. Holder’s gain or loss will be equal to the difference between such U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the shares sold or otherwise disposed of and the amount realized on the sale or other disposition. Net long-term capital gain recognized by certain non-corporate U.S. Holders will be taxed at a lower rate than the rate applicable to ordinary income. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

Passive foreign investment company rules

If Abengoa Yield were a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder held shares, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences may apply to the U.S. Holder. Abengoa Yield does not believe that it was a PFIC for its prior taxable year and does not expect to be a PFIC for its current taxable year or in the foreseeable future. However, PFIC status depends on the composition of a company’s income and assets and the fair market value of its assets (including, among others, less than 25% owned equity investments) from time to time, as well

 

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as on the application of complex statutory and regulatory rules that are subject to potentially varying or changing interpretations. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that Abengoa Yield will not be considered a PFIC for any taxable year.

A non-U.S. corporation will be a PFIC in any taxable year in which, after taking into account the income and assets of the corporation and certain subsidiaries pursuant to applicable “look-through rules,” either: (i) at least 75% of its gross income is “passive income” or (ii) at least 50% of the average value of its assets is attributable to assets which produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income. For purposes of the PFIC rules, “passive income” includes, among other things, certain foreign currency gains and the excess of gains over losses from certain commodities transactions. Gains from commodities transactions, however, are generally excluded from the definition of passive income if such gains are active business gains from the sale of commodities and the foreign corporation’s commodities meet specified criteria. The law is unclear as to what constitutes “active business gains” and there are also other uncertainties regarding the criteria that commodities must meet. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that Abengoa Yield is not, was not for its prior taxable year, or will not become a PFIC or that changes in the management or ownership structure of Abengoa Yield or its assets will not impact the determination of Abengoa Yield’s PFIC status.

If Abengoa Yield were a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder held shares, gain recognized by a U.S. Holder on a sale or other disposition of the shares would generally be allocated ratably over the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the shares. The amounts allocated to the taxable year of the sale or other disposition and to any year before Abengoa Yield became a PFIC would be taxed as ordinary income. The amount allocated to each other taxable year would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the highest rate in effect in that year for individuals or corporations, as appropriate, and an interest charge would be imposed on the resulting U.S. federal income tax liability. The same treatment would generally apply to any distribution in respect of shares to the extent the distribution exceeds 125% of the average of the annual distributions on shares received by the U.S. Holder during the preceding three years or the U.S. Holder’s holding period, whichever is shorter. Certain elections may be available that would result in alternative treatments (such as mark-to-market treatment) of the shares.

In addition, if Abengoa Yield were a PFIC for a taxable year in which it pays a dividend or in the prior taxable year, the favorable dividend rate discussed above with respect to dividends paid to certain non-corporate U.S. Holders would not apply.

U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the PFIC rules.

Information reporting and backup withholding

Payments of dividends and sales proceeds that are made within the United States or through certain U.S. financial intermediaries generally are subject to information reporting and to backup withholding unless the U.S. Holder is a corporation or other exempt recipient or, in the case of backup withholding, the U.S. Holder provides a correct taxpayer identification number and certifies that it is not subject to backup withholding. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a U.S. Holder will be allowed as a credit against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle such U.S. Holder to a refund, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.

Certain U.S. Holders who are individuals may be required to report information relating to their ownership of an interest in certain foreign financial assets, including stock and securities of a non-U.S. person (such as Abengoa Yield), subject to exceptions (including an exception for stock and securities held through a U.S. financial institution). Other U.S. Holders may be subject to similar rules in the future. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding their reporting obligations with respect to the shares.

 

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UNDERWRITING

Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated are acting as book-running managers and representatives of the underwriters named below in respect of the offering. Subject to the terms and conditions stated in the underwriting agreement dated the date of this prospectus, each underwriter named below has severally agreed to purchase, and the selling shareholder has agreed to sell to that underwriter, the number of shares set forth opposite the underwriter’s name.

 

Underwriter

   Number of
Shares
 

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

  

Merrill Lynch Pierce, Fenner & Smith

Incorporated

  

HSBC Securities (USA) Inc.

  

Banco Santander, S.A.

  

Total

     9,200,000   
  

 

 

 

The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the shares included in this offering are subject to approval of legal matters by counsel and to other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to purchase all the shares (other than those covered by the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares described below) if they purchase any of the shares. Offers and sales of the ordinary shares in the offering in the United States will be made by broker dealers who are registered as such under the Exchange Act.

Shares sold by the underwriters to the public will initially be offered at the offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus. Any shares sold by the underwriters to securities dealers may be sold at a discount from the initial public offering price not to exceed $         per share. If all the shares are not sold at the initial offering price, the underwriters may change the offering price and the other selling terms. The representatives have advised us that the underwriters do not intend to make sales to discretionary accounts.

If the underwriters sell more shares than the total number set forth in the table above, the selling shareholder has granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable for 30 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to an additional 1,380,000 shares at the public offering price less the underwriting discount. To the extent the option is exercised, each underwriter must purchase a number of additional shares approximately proportionate to that underwriter’s initial purchase commitment. Any shares sold under the option will be sold by the selling shareholder on the same terms and conditions as the other shares that are the subject of this offering.

We, the selling shareholder and our officers and directors listed in the “Management” section have agreed that, for a period ending 60 days after the date of this prospectus in our case and 90 days after the date of this prospectus in the case of the selling shareholder and our officers and directors, we and they will not, without the prior written consent of the representatives of the underwriters, dispose of or hedge any of our shares, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for our shares, subject to certain exceptions. The representatives in their sole discretion may release any of the securities subject to these lock-up agreements at any time, which, in the case of officers and directors, shall be without notice.

Our shares are listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “ABY.”

The following table shows the underwriting discounts and commissions that the selling shareholder is to pay to the underwriters in connection with this offering. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

 

     No Exercise of Option      Full Exercise of Option  

Per share

   $                   $               

Total

   $        $    

 

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The selling shareholder, will pay the offering expenses, including the underwriting discounts and commissions, and certain expenses payable by the underwriters. The underwriters have agreed to reimburse the selling shareholder $             for certain expenses in connection with this offering.

In connection with the offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell shares in the open market. Purchases and sales in the open market may include short sales, purchases to cover short positions, which may include purchases pursuant to the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, and stabilizing purchases.

Short sales involve secondary market sales by the underwriters of a greater number of shares than they are required to purchase in the offering. “Covered” short sales are sales of shares in an amount up to the number of shares represented by the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. “Naked” short sales are sales of shares in an amount in excess of the number of shares represented by the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

Covering transactions involve purchases of shares either pursuant to the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares or in the open market in order to cover short positions. To close a naked short position, the underwriters must purchase shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the shares in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. To close a covered short position, the underwriters must purchase shares in the open market or must exercise the option to purchase additional shares. In determining the source of shares to close the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

Stabilizing transactions involve bids to purchase shares so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum.

Purchases to cover short positions and stabilizing purchases, as well as other purchases by the underwriters for their own accounts, may have the effect of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the shares. They may also cause the price of the shares to be higher than the price that would otherwise exist in the open market in the absence of these transactions. The underwriters may conduct these transactions on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise. If the underwriters commence any of these transactions, they may discontinue them at any time.

Conflicts of Interest

The underwriters are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. The underwriters and their respective affiliates have in the past performed commercial banking, investment banking and advisory services for us and our affiliates, including Abengoa, from time to time for which they have received customary fees and reimbursement of expenses and may, from time to time, engage in transactions with and perform services for us in the ordinary course of their business for which they may receive customary fees and reimbursement of expenses. In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (which may include bank loans and/or credit default swaps) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers and may at any time hold long and short positions in such securities and instruments. Such investments and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of ours or our affiliates. In addition, affiliates of some of the underwriters are lenders, and in some cases agents or managers for the lenders, under certain of our credit facilities and other credit arrangements or those of our affiliates, including the Credit Facility. In their capacity as lenders, such lender affiliates may, in the future, seek a reduction of a loan commitment to us or our affiliates, or impose incremental pricing or collateral requirements with respect to such facilities or credit arrangements, in the ordinary course of business. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Indebtedness.” In addition, certain of the underwriters or their affiliates that have a lending relationship with us

 

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routinely hedge their credit exposure to us consistent with their customary risk management policies. A typical such hedging strategy would include these underwriters or their affiliates hedging such exposure by entering into transactions which consist of either the purchase of credit default swaps or the creation of short positions in our securities. The underwriters and their affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or financial instruments and may hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.

The selling shareholder has agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make because of any of those liabilities.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the European Economic Area

In relation to each member state of the European Economic Area that has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a relevant member state), with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that relevant member state (the relevant implementation date), an offer of shares described in this prospectus may not be made to the public in that relevant member state other than:

 

   

to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined in the Prospectus Directive;

 

   

to fewer than 100 or, if the relevant member state has implemented the relevant provision of the 2010 PD Amending Directive, 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Directive), as permitted under the Prospectus Directive, subject to obtaining the prior consent of the relevant Dealer or Dealers nominated by us for any such offer; or

 

   

in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive,

provided that no such offer of shares shall require us or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.

For purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer of securities to the public” in any relevant member state means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase the shares, as the expression may be varied in that member state by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that member state, and the expression “Prospectus Directive” means Directive 2003/71/EC (and amendments thereto, including the 2010 PD Amending Directive, to the extent implemented in the relevant member state) and includes any relevant implementing measure in the relevant member state. The expression 2010 PD Amending Directive means Directive 2010/73/EU.

The seller of the shares has not authorized and does not authorize the making of any offer of shares through any financial intermediary on its behalf, other than offers made by the underwriters with a view to the final placement of the shares as contemplated in this prospectus. Accordingly, no purchaser of the shares, other than the underwriters, is authorized to make any further offer of the shares on behalf of the sellers or the underwriters.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom

This prospectus is only being distributed to, and is only directed at, persons in the United Kingdom that are qualified investors within the meaning of Article 2(1)(e) of the Prospectus Directive that are also (i) investment professionals falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, or the Order, or (ii) high net worth entities, and other persons to whom it may lawfully be communicated, falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (each such person being referred to as a relevant person). This prospectus and its contents are confidential and shall not be distributed, published or

 

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reproduced (in whole of in part) or disclosed by recipients to any other person in the United Kingdom. Any person in the United Kingdom that is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this document or any of its contents.

Notice to Prospective Investors in France

Neither this prospectus nor any other offering material relating to the shares described in this prospectus has been submitted to the clearance procedures of the Autorite des Marches Financiers or of the competent authority of another member state of the European Economic Area and notified to the Autorite des Marches Financiers. The shares have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in France. Neither this prospectus nor any other offering material relating to the shares has been or will be:

 

   

released, issued, distributed or caused to be released, issued or distributed to the public in France; or

 

   

used in connection with any offer for subscription or sale of the shares to the public in France.

Such offers, sales and distributions will be made in France only:

 

   

to qualified investors ( investisseurs qualifies ) and/or to a restricted circle of investors ( cercle restreint d’investisseurs ), in each case investing for their own account, all as defined in, and in accordance with articles L.411-2, D.411-1, D.411-2, D.734-1, D.744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Code monetaire et financier ;

 

   

to investment services providers authorized to engage in portfolio management on behalf of third parties; or

 

   

in a transaction that, in accordance with article L.411-2-II-1°-or-2°-or 3° of the French Code monetaire et financier and article 211-2 of the General Regulations ( Reglement General ) of the Autorite des Marches Financiers, does not constitute a public offer ( appel public à l’epargne ).

The shares may be resold directly or indirectly, only in compliance with articles L.411-1, L.411-2, L.412-1 and L.621-8 through L.621-8-3 of the French Code monetaire et financier.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Hong Kong

The shares may not be offered or sold in Hong Kong by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong), or (ii) to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder, or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong) and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the shares may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to shares which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Japan

The shares offered in this prospectus have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan. The shares have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to or for the account of any resident of Japan (including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), except (i) pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law and (ii) in compliance with any other applicable requirements of Japanese law.

 

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Notice to Prospective Investors in Singapore

This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the shares may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the shares be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore, or the SFA, (ii) to a relevant person pursuant to Section 275(1), or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA, in each case subject to compliance with conditions set forth in the SFA.

Where the shares are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is:

 

   

a corporation (which is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or

 

   

a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the trust is an individual who is an accredited investor,

 

   

shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries’ rights and interest (howsoever described) in that trust shall not be transferred within six months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the shares pursuant to an offer made under Section 275 of the SFA except:

 

   

to an institutional investor (for corporations, under Section 274 of the SFA) or to a relevant person defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA, or to any person pursuant to an offer that is made on terms that such shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or such rights and interest in that trust are acquired at a consideration of not less than S$200,000 (or its equivalent in a foreign currency) for each transaction, whether such amount is to be paid for in cash or by exchange of securities or other assets, and further for corporations, in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA;

 

   

where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer; or

 

   

where the transfer is by operation of law.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Spain

Neither the shares nor this prospectus have been approved or registered in the administrative registries of the Spanish National Securities Exchange Commission, or Comision Nacional del Mercado de Valores , or CNMV. Accordingly, the shares may not be offered in Spain except in circumstances which do not constitute a public offer of securities in Spain within the meaning of article 30bis of the Spanish Securities Market Law of July 28, 1988 ( Ley 24/1988, de 28 Julio, del Mercado de Valores ), as amended and restated, and supplemental rules enacted thereunder.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Australia

No placement document, prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document has been lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission, or ASIC, in relation to the offering. This prospectus does not constitute a prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document under the Corporations Act 2001, or the Corporations Act, and does not purport to include the information required for a prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document under the Corporations Act.

 

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Any offer in Australia of the shares may only be made to persons, or the Exempt Investors, who are “sophisticated investors” (within the meaning of section 708(8) of the Corporations Act), “professional investors” (within the meaning of section 708(11) of the Corporations Act) or otherwise pursuant to one or more exemptions contained in section 708 of the Corporations Act so that it is lawful to offer the shares without disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act.

The shares applied for by Exempt Investors in Australia must not be offered for sale in Australia in the period of 12 months after the date of allotment under the offering, except in circumstances where disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act would not be required pursuant to an exemption under section 708 of the Corporations Act or otherwise or where the offer is pursuant to a disclosure document which complies with Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act. Any person acquiring shares must observe such Australian on-sale restrictions.

This prospectus contains general information only and does not take account of the investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs of any particular person. It does not contain any securities recommendations or financial product advice. Before making an investment decision, investors need to consider whether the information in this prospectus is appropriate to their needs, objectives and circumstances, and, if necessary, seek expert advice on those matters.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the Dubai International Financial Centre

This prospectus relates to an Exempt Offer in accordance with the Offered Securities Rules of the Dubai Financial Services Authority, or DFSA. This prospectus is intended for distribution only to persons of a type specified in the Offered Securities Rules of the DFSA. It must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any other person. The DFSA has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any documents in connection with Exempt Offers. The DFSA has not approved this prospectus nor taken steps to verify the information set forth herein and has no responsibility for the prospectus. The shares to which this prospectus relates may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their resale. Prospective purchasers of the shares offered should conduct their own due diligence on the shares. If you do not understand the contents of this prospectus you should consult an authorized financial advisor.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Switzerland

The shares may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange, or SIX, or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This document has been prepared without regard to the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this document nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the shares or the offering may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.

Neither this document nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the offering, the Company, the shares have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this document will not be filed with, and the offer of shares will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority FINMA (FINMA), and the offer of shares has not been and will not be authorized under the Swiss Federal Act on Collective Investment Schemes, or CISA. The investor protection afforded to acquirers of interests in collective investment schemes under the CISA does not extend to acquirers of shares.

 

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EXPENSES OF THE OFFERING

We have been advised that the selling shareholder estimates that expenses in connection with the offering, other than underwriting fees and commissions, will be as follows:

 

Expense

   Amount  

Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee

   $ 34,129   

Financial Industry Regulatory Authority filing fee

     44,547   

Printing and engraving expenses

     100,000   

Legal fees and expenses (including tax advice)

     1,970,000   

Accounting fees and expenses

     340,000   

Transfer agent and registrar fees

     10,000   

Miscellaneous fees and expenses

     200,000   

Total

   $ 2,698,676   
  

 

 

 

All of the above expenses will be paid by the selling shareholder. The underwriters have agreed to reimburse the selling shareholder $             for certain expenses in connection with this offering.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the shares and certain other matters under English law will be passed upon for us by Linklaters LLP, our English counsel. We are also being advised as to certain legal matters by Linklaters LLP, New York, New York and Linklaters, S.L.P., Madrid, Spain. The underwriters are being advised as to certain legal matters by Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, Madrid, Spain.

 

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EXPERTS

The Annual Combined Financial Statements as of and for each of the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 included in this prospectus have been audited by Deloitte, S.L., an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing herein which report expresses an unqualified opinion on the Annual Combined Financial Statements and includes an explanatory paragraph in relation to 1) the basis of preparation of the combined financial statements as a combination of the historical accounts of companies that compose the Abengoa Concessions Businesses (which is the accounting predecessor of Abengoa Yield plc) that include expense allocations for certain corporate functions historically provided by Abengoa, S.A. which may not be reflective of the actual expense which would have been incurred had the Abengoa Concessions Businesses operated as a separate entity apart from Abengoa, S.A. and 2) the adoption of IFRS 10 for all years presented in the combined financial statements. Such Annual Combined Financial Statements have been so included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

The individual financial statement of Abengoa Yield plc (formerly Abengoa Yield Limited) included in this prospectus has been audited by Deloitte LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing herein and elsewhere in this prospectus. Such financial statement is included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We have filed with the Commission a registration statement on Form F-1, including relevant exhibits and schedules, under the Securities Act for the shares being by offered by this prospectus. This prospectus is a part of the registration statement and does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement. The rules and regulations of the Commission allow us to omit from this prospectus certain information included in the registration statement. This prospectus summarizes material provisions of contracts and other documents. Since this prospectus does not contain all of the information contained in the registration statement and exhibits, you should read the registration statement on Form F-1 and its exhibits and other documents.

Upon consummation of our IPO, we became subject to periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the Exchange Act as applicable to foreign private issuers. Accordingly, we are required to file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F, periodic reports and other information with the Commission.

We are allowed four months to file our annual report with the Commission, and we are not required to disclose certain detailed information regarding executive compensation that is required from U.S. domestic issuers. Also, as a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules of the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing of proxy statements to shareholders, and our executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

As a foreign private issuer, we are also exempt from the requirements of Regulation FD (Fair Disclosure) which, generally, are meant to ensure that select groups of investors are not privy to specific information about an issuer before other investors. We are, however, still subject to the anti-fraud and anti-manipulation rules of the Commission, such as Rule 10b-5. Since many of the disclosure obligations required of us as a foreign private issuer are different than those required of U.S. domestic reporting companies, our shareholders, potential shareholders and the investing public in general should not expect to receive information about us in the same amount, or at the same time, as information is received from, or provided by, other U.S. domestic reporting companies. We are only liable for violations of the rules and regulations of the Commission that apply to us as a foreign private issuer.

We plan to file our annual report on Form 20-F with the Commission no later than 90 days after the end of each fiscal year. We plan to furnish a quarterly report with the Commission on Form 6-K no later than 60 days following the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each year, or as soon thereafter as is reasonably practicable. We have furnished our quarterly reports with the Commission on Form 6-K for the quarters ended June 30 and September 30, 2014. The quarterly reports include substantially the same information as required by a Form 10-Q, including Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations; provided that the financial statements included in such quarterly report will be prepared and presented in conformity with IFRS as issued by the IASB, rather than with U.S. GAAP.

For further information about us and our shares, you may inspect a copy of the registration statement, of the exhibits and schedules to the registration statement or of any reports, statements or other information we file with the Commission without charge at the Public Reference Room of the Commission at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, United States. You may obtain copies of all or any part of the registration statement upon the payment of the duplicating fees by writing to the Commission. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. The Commission maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains reports and information statements and other information regarding registrants like us that file electronically with the Commission. You also can inspect our registration statement, as well as any other information we file with or furnish to the Commission on this website. This reference to the Commission’s website is an inactive textual reference only and is not a hyperlink.

 

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Table of Contents

We expect to make our annual reports and other information filed with or furnished to the Commission available, free of charge, through our website at www.abengoayield.com and www.abengoayield.co.uk as soon as reasonably practicable after those reports and other information are filed with or furnished to the Commission. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of, and is not incorporated into, this prospectus.

 

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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements

  

Consolidated statements of financial position as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013

     F-2   

Consolidated income statements for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013

     F-4   

Consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the nine-month periods ended September  30, 2014 and 2013

     F-5   

Consolidated statements of changes in equity for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013

     F-6   

Consolidated cash flow statements for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013

     F-7   

Notes to the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements

     F-8   

Annual Combined Financial Statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

  

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     F-27   

Combined statements of financial position as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and as of January 1, 2012

     F-28   

Combined income statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

     F-30   

Combined statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

     F-31   

Combined statements of changes in equity for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

     F-32   

Combined cash flow statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

     F-33   

Notes to the annual combined financial statements

     F-34   

Appendix I Entities included in the Company as subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013 and 2012

     F-68   

Appendix II Investments recorded under the equity method as of December 31, 2013 and 2012

     F-70   

Appendix III-1 and Appendix III-2 Projects subject to the application of IFRIC 12 interpretation based on the concession of services as of December 31, 2013 and 2012

     F-71   

Appendix IV (Schedule I) Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Financial Statements of Abengoa Yield plc

     F-77   

 

 

F-1


Table of Contents

Consolidated condensed statements of financial position as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013

Amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars

 

     Note (1)   

As of
September 30,
2014

    

As of
December 31,
2013

 

Assets

        

Non-current assets

        

Contracted concessional assets

   6      4,319,308         4,418,120   

Investments carried under the equity method

   7      431,247         387,324   

Financial investments

   8 & 9      349,054         28,852   

Deferred tax assets

        49,767         52,784   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-current assets

        5,149,376         4,887,080   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Current assets

        

Inventories

        6,918         5,244   

Clients and other receivables

   12      96,310         97,597   

Financial investments

   8      261,677         266,363   

Cash and cash equivalents

        265,106         357,664   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current assets

        630,011         726,868   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

        5,779,387         5,613,948   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of the consolidated condensed interim financial statements.

 

F-2


Table of Contents

Consolidated condensed statements of financial position as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013

Amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars

 

     Note (1)   

As of
September 30,
2014

   

As of
December 31,
2013

 

Equity and liabilities

       

Equity attributable to the Company

       

Share capital

   13      8,000        —     

Parent company reserves

        1,813,903        —     

Hedging reserves

        (2,648     (36,600

Accumulated currency translation differences

        (16,141     9,009   

Retained Earnings

        29,936        —     

Other equity

        —          1,245,510   

Non-controlling interest

        58,381        69,279   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity

        1,891,431        1,287,198   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-current liabilities

       

Long-term non-recourse project financing

   14      2,382,131        2,842,338   

Grants and other liabilities

   15      1,115,439        650,903   

Related parties

   11      48,879        492,534   

Derivative liabilities

   9      95,132        44,221   

Deferred tax liabilities

        7,788        21,839   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total non-current liabilities

        3,649,369        4,051,835   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Current liabilities

       

Short-term non-recourse project financing

   14      105,170        52,312   

Trade payables and other current liabilities

   16      125,758        204,013   

Income and other tax payables

        7,659        18,590   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

        238,587        274,915   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity and liabilities

        5,779,387        5,613,948   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of the consolidated condensed interim financial statements.

 

F-3


Table of Contents

Consolidated condensed income statements for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013

Amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars

 

     Note (1)      For the nine-month period ended
September 30,
 
                2014                     2013          

Revenue

     4         269,313        154,029   

Other operating income

        69,193        303,098   

Raw materials and consumables used

        (15,383     (4,153

Employee benefit expenses

        (1,862     (2,434

Depreciation, amortization, and impairment charges

        (86,881     (25,685

Other operating expenses

        (99,436     (339,068
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating profit/(loss)

        134,944        85,787   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial income

     18         3,200        711   

Financial expense

     18         (151,625     (76,495

Net exchange differences

        3,408        (311

Other financial income/(expense), net

     18         2,441        (549
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial expense, net

        (142,576     (76,644
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method

        (602     127   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) before income tax

        (8,234     9,271   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income tax

     17         (4,125     14,392   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the period

        (12,359     23,663   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interests

        (1,481     (1,980
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the period attributable to the Company

        (13,840     21,683   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Less: Predecessor Loss prior to Initial Public Offering on June 13, 2014

        (28,233  

Net profit attributable to Abengoa Yield Plc. Subsequent to Initial Public Offering

     19         14,393     

Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding (thousands)

     19         80,000     

Basic earnings per share attributable to Abengoa Yield Plc. (*)

     19         0.18     

 

(*)

Earnings per share has been calculated for the period subsequent to the initial public offering, considering Net profit attributable to equity holders of Abengoa Yield Plc. generated after the initial public offering divided by the number of shares outstanding.

(1)

Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of the consolidated condensed interim financial statements.

The consolidated condensed income statements include the following income (expense) items arising from transactions with related parties:

 

     For the nine month-period
ended September 30,
 
           2014                     2013          

Sales

     9,638        10,027   

Construction costs

     (38,565     (300,706

Services rendered

     1,823        1,462   

Services received

     (28,841     (16,245

Purchases

     —          (125

Financial income

     2,268        370   

Financial expenses

     (8,296     (3,154

 

F-4


Table of Contents

Consolidated condensed statements of comprehensive income for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013

Amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars

 

     Note (1)    For the nine-month period
ended September 30,
 
                2014                     2013          

Profit/(loss) for the period

        (12,359     23,663   

Items that may be subject to transfer to income statement

       

Change in fair value of cash flow hedges

        (89,496     56,737   

Currency translation differences

        (33,895     4,782   

Tax effect

        26,335        (16,503
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income/(expenses) recognized directly in equity

        (97,056     45,016   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flow hedges

        20,955        22,665   

Tax effect

        (6,286     (6,800
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Transfers to income statement

        14,669        15,865   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income/(loss)

        (82,387     60,881   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the period

        (94,747     84,544   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interest

        3,984        (7,717
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to the Company

        (90,762     76,827   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of the consolidated condensed interim financial statements.

 

F-5


Table of Contents

Consolidated condensed statements of changes in equity for the nine-month periods ended

September 30, 2014 and 2013

Amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars

 

   

Hedging
reserves

   

Accumulated
currency
translation
differences

   

Other equity

   

Total equity
attributable to
the Company

   

Non-controlling
interest

   

Total equity

 

Balance as of January 1, 2013

    (103,547     2,731        1,182,008        1,081,192        58,617        1,139,809   

Profit for the period after taxes

    —          —          21,683        21,683        1,980        23,663   

Change in fair value of cash flow hedges

    73,279        —          —          73,279        6,123        79,402   

Currency translation differences

    —          3,331        —          3,331        1,451        4,782   

Tax effect

    (21,466     —          —          (21,466     (1,837     (23,303
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income

    51,813        3,331        —          55,144        5,737        60,881   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

    51,813        3,331        21,683        76,827        7,717        84,544   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Equity Contributions

    —          —          365,909        365,909        2,965        368,874   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of September 30, 2013(*)

    (51,734     6,062        1,569,600        1,523,928        69,299        1,593,227   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

   

Share
Capital

   

Parent
company
reserves

   

Hedging
reserves

   

Retained
earnings/

Other
equity
(***)

   

Accumulated
currency
translation
differences

   

Total
equity
attributable
to the
Company

   

Non-

controlling
interest

   

Total
equity

 

Balance as of January 1, 2014

    79        —          —          —          —          79        —          79   

Initial Public Offering and Asset Transfer

    7,921        1,813,903        —          15,543        —          1,837,366        62,365        1,899,731   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of June 30, 2014(**)

    8,000        1,813,903        —          15,543        —          1,837,445        62,365        1,899,810   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the three-month period after taxes

    —          —          —          14,393        —          14,393        1,071        15,464   

Change in fair value of cash flow hedges

    —          —          (3,704     —          —          (3,704     (938     (4,642

Currency translation differences

    —          —          —          —          (16,141     (16,141     (4,398     (20,539

Tax effect

    —          —          1,056        —          —          1,056        281        1,337   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income(****)

    —          —          (2,648     —          (16,141     (18,790     (5,055     (23,845
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

    —          —          (2,648     14,393        (16,141     (4,396     (3,984     (8,380
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of September 30, 2014(**)

    8,000        1,813,903        (2,648     29,936        (16,141     1,833,050        58,381        1,891,431   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(*) The combined condensed statement of changes in equity for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013 represents the changes in the combined equity of the assets that were transferred to Abengoa Yield plc in the Asset Transfer.
(**) The consolidated condensed statement of changes in equity for the six-month period ended June 30, 2014 and for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 represents the changes in the consolidated condensed equity of Abengoa Yield plc and its subsidiaries since January 1, 2014.
(***) Profit for the three-month period after taxes amounting to $14,393 thousands, includes the result of the Company after the Initial Public Offering up to the end of September 30, 2014. Loss attributable to the Company for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 amounting to $ 13,840 thousand is included within Retained Earnings.
(****) These amounts account for the impact in Other comprehensive income of the consolidated condensed statements for the three-month period ended September 30, 2014.
(1) Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of the consolidated condensed interim financial statements.

 

F-6


Table of Contents

Consolidated condensed cash flow statements for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013

Amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars

 

     (1)    For the nine-month period ended
September 30,
 
        2014      2013  

I. Profit/(loss) for the period

        (12,359      23,663   

Non-monetary adjustments

        205,157         57,439   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

II. Profit for the period adjusted by non monetary items

        192,798         81,102   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

III. Variations in working capital

        (113,020      (41,020
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net interest and income tax paid

        (81,799      (66,110
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

A. Net cash provided by operating activities

        (2,021      (26,027
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Investment in contracted concessional assets

        (81,937      (473,956

Other non-current assets/liabilities

        (2,283      2,121   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

B. Net cash used in investing activities

        (84,220      (471,835
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

C. Net cash provided by financing activities

        (797      559,307   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

        (87,039      61,445   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash, cash equivalents and bank overdrafts at beginning of the period

        357,664         97,499   

Translation differences cash or cash equivalent

        (5,519      1,509   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period

        265,106         160,453   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of the consolidated condensed interim financial statements.

 

F-7


Table of Contents

Notes to the consolidated condensed interim financial statements

 

Note 1.- Nature of the business

     F-9   

Note 2.- Basis of preparation

     F-11   

Note 3.- Financial risk management

     F-13   

Note 4.- Financial information by segment

     F-13   

Note 5.- Changes in the scope of the consolidated condensed interim financial statements

     F-18   

Note 6.- Contracted concessional assets

     F-18   

Note 7.- Investments carried under the equity method

     F-19   

Note 8.- Financial investments

     F-19   

Note 9.- Derivative financial instruments

     F-20   

Note 10.- Fair value of financial instruments

     F-20   

Note 11.- Related parties

     F-21   

Note 12.- Clients and other receivable

     F-22   

Note 13.- Share capital

     F-22   

Note 14.- Non-recourse financing (project financing)

     F-22   

Note 15.- Grants and other liabilities

     F-23   

Note 16.- Trade payables and other current liabilities

     F-23   

Note 17.- Income Tax

     F-24   

Note 18.- Financial income and expenses

     F-24   

Note 19.- Earnings per share

     F-25   

Note 20.- Subsequent events

     F-25   

 

F-8


Table of Contents

Note 1.- Nature of the business

Abengoa Yield plc (‘Abengoa Yield’ or the Company) was incorporated in England and Wales as a private limited company on December 17, 2013 by Abengoa, S.A. (‘Abengoa’ or ‘the Parent’) under the name Abengoa Yield Limited. On March 19, 2014, Abengoa Yield plc was re-registered as a public limited company, under the name Abengoa Yield plc.

On June 18, 2014 Abengoa Yield closed its initial public offering issuing 24,850,000 ordinary shares. The shares were offered at a price of $29 per share, resulting in gross proceeds to the Company of $720,650 thousand. The underwriters further purchased 3,727,500 additional shares from the selling shareholder, a subsidiary wholly owned by Abengoa, at the public offering price less fees and commissions to cover over-allotments (“greenshoe”) driving the total proceeds of the offering to $828,748 thousand

Prior to the consummation of this offering, Abengoa contributed, through a series of transactions, which we refer to collectively as the “Asset Transfer,” ten concessional assets described below, certain holding companies and a preferred equity investment in Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding (“ACBH”), which is a subsidiary of Abengoa engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, comprised mostly of transmission lines. As consideration for the Asset Transfer, Abengoa received a 64.28% interest in Abengoa Yield and $655.3 million in cash, corresponding to the net proceeds of the initial public offering less $30 million retained by Abengoa Yield for liquidity purposes.

Abengoa Yield’s shares began trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “ABY” on June 13, 2014.

Abengoa Yield plc is a total return company formed to serve as the primary vehicle through which Abengoa owns, manages, and acquires renewable energy, conventional power, electric transmission lines, and other contracted revenue-generating assets, initially focused on North America (United States and Mexico) and South America (Peru, Chile, Brazil and Uruguay), as well as Europe (Spain in the first instance).

Abengoa, listed on the Madrid Stock Exchange and the NASDAQ Global Select Market, is a leading engineering and clean technology company with operations in more than 50 countries worldwide that provides innovative solutions for a diverse range of customers in the energy and environmental sectors. Abengoa has developed a unique and integrated business model that applies accumulated engineering expertise to promoting sustainable development solutions.

The portfolio of assets which are now owned by Abengoa Yield consists of five renewable energy assets, a cogeneration facility, and several electric transmission lines, all of which are fully operational as of today, with the exception of the Mojave solar facility, which is in the test operation stage and expected to be fully operational by November 2014. All the assets have contracted revenues (regulated revenues in the case of the Spanish assets) with low-risk offtakers, and have an average remaining contract life of approximately 26 years as of December 31, 2013. The contracts are generally fixed-priced and pursuant to regulated rates revised based on inflation or similar types of public indexes. Over 90% of cash generated each year and available for distribution from these assets in the next four years is in U.S. dollars, or indexed to the U.S. dollar. Over 90% of project-level debt is hedged against changes in interest rates through an underlying fixed rate on the debt instrument or through interest rate swaps, caps, or similar hedging instruments.

 

F-9


Table of Contents

The following table provides an overview of our current assets (excluding our exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH):

 

Our Assets

 

Type

 

Ownership

 

Location

 

Currency

   

Capacity
(Gross)

 

Counterparty

Credit

Ratings (3)

 

COD/
Expected COD

 

Contract
Years Left

Solana

  Renewable
(CSP)
  100%
Class B 1
  Arizona
(USA)
    USD      280 MW   A-/A3/BBB+   4Q 2013   29

Mojave

  Renewable
(CSP)
  100%   California
(USA)
    USD      280 MW   BBB/A3/BBB+   4Q 2014   25

ACT

  Conventional
Power
  100%   Mexico     USD      300 MW   BBB+/A3/BBB+   2Q 2013   19

ATN

  Transmission
line
  100%   Peru     USD      362 miles   BBB+/A3/BBB+   1Q 2011   27

ATS

  Transmission
line
  100%   Peru     USD      569 miles   BBB+/A3/BBB+   1Q 2014   30

Quadra 1 & Quadra 2

  Transmission
line
  100%   Chile     USD      81 miles   N/A   2Q 2014 &
1Q 2014
  21

Palmucho

  Transmission
line
  100%   Chile     USD      6 miles   BBB+/Baa2/BBB+   4Q 2007   23

Palmatir

  Renewable
(Wind)
  100%   Uruguay     USD      50 MW   BBB-/Baa2/BBB-   2Q 2014   20

Solaben 2 & Solaben 3

  Renewable
(CSP)
  70% 2   Spain     Euro      2x50 MW   BBB/Baa2/BBB+   2Q 2012 &
4Q 2012
  24

 

(1) On September 30, 2013, Liberty Interactive Corporation invested $300 million in Class A membership interests in exchange for a share of the dividends and taxable loss generated by Solana. As a result of the agreement, Liberty Interactive Corporation will receive 54.06% of both dividends and taxable loss generated during a period of approximately five years; such percentage will decrease to 24.05% thereafter.
(2) Itochu Corporation holds 30% of the economic rights to each of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3.
(3) Reflects the counterparty’s credit ratings issued by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, or S&P, Moody’s Investors Service Inc., or Moody’s, and Fitch Ratings Ltd, or Fitch.

In addition to the assets listed above, we own a preferred equity investment in ACBH, a subsidiary holding company of Abengoa that is engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, consisting mostly of electric transmission lines.

All the project companies included in these consolidated condensed interim financial statements have signed with the grantor of the concession contracts of construction, operation and maintenance and they subcontract the construction of the contracted assets to Abengoa. Given that these projects (except for Palmucho) are included within the scope of IFRIC 12, and given that some of them are included in the consolidated condensed interim financial statements during their construction phase, the Company has recorded income and cost attributable to the construction in the consolidated condensed interim income statement. Construction revenue is recorded within “Other operating income” according to the percentage of completion method as established by IAS 11. Construction cost, which is fully contracted with related parties, is recorded within “Other operating expense”.

These consolidated condensed interim financial statements were approved by the Chief Executive Officer on November 14, 2014.

 

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Note 2.- Basis of preparation

For all periods prior to the initial public offering, the combined financial statements represent the combination of the assets that Abengoa Yield acquired and were prepared using Abengoa’s historical basis in the assets and liabilities. For the purposes of the combined financial statements, the term “Abengoa Yield” represents the accounting predecessor, or the combination of the acquired businesses. For all periods subsequent to the initial public offering, the accompanying unaudited consolidated condensed interim financial statements represent the consolidated results of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Company has elected to account for the Asset Transfer to Abengoa Yield plc using the predecessor values, given that it is a transaction between entities under common control. Any difference between the consideration given and the aggregate book value of the assets and liabilities of the acquired entities as of the date of the transaction has been reflected as an adjustment to equity. In addition, in application of the predecessor accounting method, the Company has elected to incorporate the results of the transferred entities as if the entities had always been consolidated, i.e., for the full nine-month period ended September 30, 2014.

The combined financial statements for periods prior to the initial public offering include all revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities attributed to the Predecessor. In addition, prior to the initial public offering, other operating expenses include an allocation of certain general and administrative services provided by Abengoa. The Company believes that by including the allocated costs, the combined condensed income statement includes a reasonable estimate of actual costs incurred to operate the business. However, such expenses may not be indicative of the actual level of expense that would have been incurred by the Predecessor if it had operated as an independent, publicly-traded company during the periods prior to the Offering or of the costs expected to be incurred in the future. In the opinion of management, the inter-company eliminations and adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the combined condensed interim financial statements, in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IFRS-IASB) have been made.

The Company’s combined financial statements corresponding to the 2013 financial year were approved by the Chief Executive Officer on February 27, 2014.

These consolidated condensed interim financial statements are presented in accordance with International Accounting Standards (“IAS”) 34, ‘Interim Financial Reporting’. In accordance with IAS 34, interim financial information is prepared solely in order to update the most recent annual combined financial statements prepared by the Company, placing emphasis on new activities, occurrences and circumstances that have taken place during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 and not duplicating the information previously published in the annual combined financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013. Therefore, the consolidated condensed interim financial statements do not include all the information that would be required in complete consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with the IFRS-IASB. In view of the above, for an adequate understanding of the information, these consolidated condensed interim financial statements must be read together with Abengoa Yield’s combined financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013.

In determining the information to be disclosed in the notes to the consolidated condensed interim financial statements, Abengoa Yield, in accordance with IAS 34, has taken into account its materiality in relation to the consolidated condensed interim financial statements.

The consolidated condensed interim financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars, which is the Company’s functional and presentation currency. Amounts included in these consolidated condensed interim financial statements are all expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, unless otherwise indicated.

 

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Table of Contents

Application of new accounting standards

 

a)

Standards, interpretations and amendments effective from January 1, 2014 under IFRS-IASB, applied by the Company:

 

   

IAS 32 (amendment) ‘Offsetting of financial assets and financial liabilities’. The IAS 32 amendment is mandatory for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014.

 

   

IAS 36 (amendment) ‘Recoverable Amount Disclosures for Non-Financial Assets’. The IAS 36 amendment is mandatory for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014.

 

   

IAS 39 (amendment) ‘Novation of Derivatives and Continuation of Hedge Accounting’. The IAS 39 amendment is mandatory for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014.

 

   

IFRIC 21 (Interpretation) ‘Levies’. The IFRIC 21 is mandatory for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014.

These amendments and interpretations effective from January 1, 2014 did not have any material impact on these consolidated condensed interim financial statements.

 

b)

Standards, interpretations and amendments published by the IASB that will be effective for periods after January 1, 2014:

 

   

Annual Improvements to IFRS 2010-2012 and 2011-2013 cycles. These improvements are mandatory for periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014.

 

   

IFRS 9 ‘Financial Instruments’. This Standard will be effective from January 1, 2018.

 

   

IFRS 15 ‘Revenues from contracts with Customers’. IFRS 15 is applicable for periods beginning on or after 1 January 2017. Earlier application is permitted.

The Company does not expect any material impact of the Annual Improvements that will be effective from July 1, 2014 and is assessing the impact of IFRS 9 and IFRS 15.

Use of estimates

Some of the accounting policies applied require the application of significant judgment by management to select the appropriate assumptions to determine these estimates. These assumptions and estimates are based on our historical experience, advice from experienced consultants, forecasts and other circumstances and expectations as of the close of the financial period. The assessment is considered in relation to the global economic situation of the industries and regions where the Company operates, taking into account future development of our businesses. By their nature, these judgments are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty; therefore, actual results could materially differ from the estimates and assumptions used. In such cases, the carrying values of assets and liabilities are adjusted.

The most critical accounting policies, which reflect significant management estimates and judgment to determine amounts in our consolidated condensed interim financial statements, are as follows:

 

   

Contracted concessional agreements.

 

   

Impairment of intangible assets.

 

   

Assessment of control.

 

   

Derivative financial instruments and fair value estimates.

 

   

Income taxes and recoverable amount of deferred tax assets.

As of the date of preparation of these consolidated condensed interim financial statements, no relevant changes in the estimates made are anticipated and, therefore, no significant changes in the value of the assets and liabilities recognized at September 30, 2014, are expected.

 

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Table of Contents

Although these estimates and assumptions are being made using all available facts and circumstances, it is possible that future events may require management to amend such estimates and assumptions in future periods. Changes in accounting estimates are recognized prospectively, in accordance with IAS 8, in the consolidated income statement of the year in which the change occurs.

Note 3.- Financial risk management

Abengoa Yield’s activities are exposed to various financial risks: market risk (including currency risk and interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. Risk is managed by the Company’s Risk Management and Finance Department, which are responsible for identifying and evaluating financial risks quantifying them by project, region and company, in accordance with mandatory internal management rules. Written internal policies exist for global risk management, as well as for specific areas of risk. In addition, there are official written management regulations regarding key controls and control procedures for each company and the implementation of these controls is monitored through internal audit procedures.

These consolidated condensed interim financial statements do not include all financial risk management information and disclosures required for annual financial statements, and should be read together with the information included in Note 3 to Abengoa Yield’s combined financial statements as of December 31, 2013.

Note 4.- Financial information by segment

Abengoa Yield’s segment structure reflects how management currently makes financial decisions and allocates resources. Its operating segments are based on the following geographies where the contracted concessional assets are located:

 

   

North America

 

   

South America

 

   

Europe

Based on the type of business, the Company has identified the following business sectors:

Renewable energy: Our renewable energy assets include two CSP plants in the United States, Solana and Mojave, each with a gross capacity of 280 MW and located in Arizona and California, respectively. Solana reached COD on October 9, 2013, and Mojave has substantially completed construction and is in test operation stage, with expected COD by November 2014. Additionally, we own a wind farm in Uruguay, Palmatir, with a gross capacity of 50 MW. Palmatir reached COD in May 2014. Finally, Solaben 2 and 3 are two CSP plants located in Spain. Both projects have been in operation since mid-2012 and receive regulated revenues under the framework for renewable projects in Spain.

Conventional power : Our conventional power asset consists of ACT, a 300 MW cogeneration plant in Mexico, which is party to a 20-year take-or-pay contract with Pemex for the sale of electric power and steam.

Electric transmission lines : Our electric transmission assets include (i) two lines in Peru, ATN, and ATS, spanning a total of 931 miles; (ii) three lines in Chile, Quadra 1, Quadra 2 and Palmucho, spanning a total of 87 miles. ATN reached COD in 2011 and ATS reached COD on January 17, 2014. Quadra 1 reached COD in April 2014 and Quadra 2 reached COD in March 2014. Palmucho reached COD in October 2007. In addition, we own a preferred equity investment in ACBH, a subsidiary holding company of Abengoa that is engaged in the development, construction, investment and management of contracted concessions in Brazil, consisting mostly of electric transmission lines.

Abengoa Yield´s Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) assesses the performance and assignment of resources according to the identified operating segments. The CODM considers the revenues as a measure of the

 

F-13


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business activity and the Further Adjusted EBITDA as measure of the performance of each segment. Further Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as profit for the year from continuing operations, after adding back income tax expense/(benefit), share of (loss)/ profit of associates, finance expense net (excluding the net income from our exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH) and depreciation, amortization and impairment charges. In order to assess performance of the business, the CODM receives reports of each reportable segment using revenues and Further Adjusted EBITDA. Net interest expense evolution is assessed on a consolidated basis. Financial expense and amortization are not taken into consideration by the CODM for the allocation of resources. Further Adjusted EBITDA includes the dividends received from ACBH, our Brazil preferred equity investment. Adjusted EBITDA, which we no longer report, is identical to Further Adjusted EBITDA except that it excludes such dividends.

 

  a)

The following tables show Revenues and Further Adjusted EBITDA by operating segments and business sectors for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013:

 

     Revenue      Further Adjusted EBITDA  
     For the nine-month period ended
September 30,
     For the nine-month period ended
September 30,
 
     2014      2013      2014      2013  

Geography

           

North America

     146,862         75,188         132,701         61,753   

South America

     60,578         17,499         53,789         11,962   

Europe

     61,873         61,342         39,935         37,758   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     269,313         154,029         226,425         111,473   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     Revenue      Further Adjusted EBITDA  
     For the nine-month period ended
September 30,
     For the nine-month period ended
September 30,
 
     2014      2013      2014      2013  

Business sectors

           

Renewable energy

     129,882         61,342         104,689         37,366   

Conventional power

     85,209         75,188         73,385         61,752   

Electric transmission lines

     54,222         17,499         48,351         12,355   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     269,313         154,029         226,425         111,473   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The reconciliation of segment Further Adjusted EBITDA with the profit/(loss) attributable to the Company is as follows:

 

     For the nine-month period ended
September 30,
 
     2014      2013  

Total segment Further Adjusted EBITDA

     226,425         111,473   

Depreciation, amortization, and impairment charges

     (86,881      (25,685

Financial expense, net

     (142,576      (76,644

Dividend from exchangeable preferred equity investment in ACBH

     (4,600      —     

Share in profits/(losses) associates

     (602      127   

Income tax

     (4,125      14,392   

Profit attributable to non-controlling interests

     (1,481      (1,980
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Profit/(Loss) attributable to the Company

     (13,840      21,683   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents
  b)

The assets and liabilities by operating segments (and business sector) as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 are as follows:

Assets and liabilities by geography as of September 30, 2014:

 

     North
America
     South America      Europe      Balance as of
September 30,
2014
 

Assets allocated

           

Contracted concessional assets

     2,623,486         1,048,937         646,885         4,319,308   

Investments carried under the equity method

     425,492         —           5,755         431,247   

Current financial investments

     184,896         76,781         —           261,677   

Cash and cash equivalents (project companies)

     38,891         75,202         64,808         178,901   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

     3,272,765         1,200,920         717,448         5,191,133   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated assets

           

Other non-current assets

              398,821   

Other current assets (including cash and cash equivalents at holding company level)

              189,433   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

              588,254   
           

 

 

 

Total assets

              5,779,387   
           

 

 

 
     North
America
     South America      Europe      Balance as of
September 30,
2014
 

Liabilities allocated

           

Long-term and short-term non-recourse project financing

     1,310,210         767,315         409,776         2,487,301   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

     1,310,210         767,315         409,776         2,487,301   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated liabilities

           

Other non-current liabilities

              1,267,238   

Other current liabilities

              133,417   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

              1,400,655   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities

              3,887,956   
           

 

 

 

Equity unallocated

              1,891,431   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity unallocated

              3,292,086   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

              5,779,387   
           

 

 

 

Assets and liabilities by geography as of December 31, 2013:

 

     North
America
     South America      Europe      Balance as of
December 31,
2013
 

Assets allocated

           

Contracted concessional assets

     2,678,436         1,034,768         704,916         4,418,120   

Investments carried under the equity method

     381,248         —          6,076         387,324   

Current financial investments

     230,046         36,317         —           266,363   

Cash and cash equivalents (project companies)

     206,298         86,681         64,685         357,664   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

     3,496,028         1,157,766         775,677         5,429,471   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated assets

           

Other non-current assets

              81,636   

Other current assets

              102,841   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

              184,477   
           

 

 

 

Total assets

              5,613,948   
           

 

 

 

 

F-15


Table of Contents
    

North America

    

South America

    

Europe

    

Balance as of
December 31,
2013

 

Liabilities allocated

           

Long-term and short-term non-recourse project financing

     1,842,817         605,397         446,436         2,894,650   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

     1,842,817         605,397         446,436         2,894,650   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated liabilities

           

Other non-current liabilities

              1,209,497   

Other current liabilities

              222,603   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

              1,432,100   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities

              4,326,750   
           

 

 

 

Equity unallocated

              1,287,198   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity unallocated

              2,719,298   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

              5,613,948   
           

 

 

 

Assets and liabilities by business sectors as of September 30, 2014:

 

     Renewable
energy
     Conventional
power
     Electric
transmission
lines
     Balance as of
September 30,
2014
 

Assets allocated

           

Contracted concessional assets

     2,773,421         640,049         905,838         4,319,308   

Investments carried under the equity method

     431,247         —           —           431,247   

Current financial investments

     78,557         111,860         71,260         261,677   

Cash and cash equivalents (project companies)

     102,515         4,713         71,673         178,901   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

     3,385,740         756,622         1,048,771         5,191,133   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated assets

           

Other non-current assets

              398,821   

Other current assets (including cash and cash equivalents at holding company level)

              189,433   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

              588,254   
           

 

 

 

Total assets

              5,779,387   
           

 

 

 

 

     Renewable
energy
     Conventional
power
     Electric
transmission
lines
     Balance as of
September 30,
2014
 

Liabilities allocated

           

Long-term and short-term non-recourse project financing

     1,202,015         622,661         662,625         2,487,301   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

     1,202,015         622,661         662,625         2,487,301   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated liabilities

           

Other non-current liabilities

              1,267,238   

Other current liabilities

              133,417   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

              1,400,655   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities

              3,887,956   
           

 

 

 

Equity unallocated

              1,891,431   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity unallocated

              3,292,086   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

              5,779,387   
           

 

 

 

 

F-16


Table of Contents

Assets and liabilities by business sectors as of December 31, 2013:

 

     Renewable
energy
     Conventional
power
     Electric
transmission
lines
     Balance as of
December 31,

2013
 

Assets allocated

           

Contracted concessional assets

     2,888,622         635,849         893,649         4,418,120   

Investments carried under the equity method

     387,324         —           —           387,324   

Current financial investments

     122,795         107,255         36,313         266,363   

Cash and cash equivalents

     90,395         186,078         81,191         357,664   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

     3,489,136         929,182         1,011,153         5,429,471   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated assets

           

Other non-current assets

              81,636   

Other current assets

              102,841   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

              184,477   
           

 

 

 

Total assets

              5,613,948   
           

 

 

 

 

     Renewable
energy
     Conventional
power
     Electric
transmission
lines
     Balance as of
December 31,

2013
 

Liabilities allocated

           

Long-term and short-term non-recourse project financing

     1,667,174         729,318         498,158         2,894,650   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

     1,667,174         729,318         498,158         2,894,650   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated liabilities

           

Other non-current liabilities

              1,209,497   

Other current liabilities

              222,603   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

              1,432,100   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities

              4,326,750   
           

 

 

 

Equity unallocated

              1,287,198   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity unallocated

              2,719,298   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

              5,613,948   
           

 

 

 

 

  c)

The investment in contracted concessional assets and in entities under the equity method by operating segments and business sectors for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:

 

     Capex  
    

For the nine-month period

ended September 30,

 
Geography    2014      2013  

North America

     44,419         238,697   

South America

     37,518         235,259   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     81,937         473,956   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents
     Capex  
     For the nine-month period
ended September 30,
 
     2014      2013  

Business sectors

     

Renewable energy

     54,919         287,193   

Conventional power

     —           33,987   

Electric transmission lines

     27,018         152,776   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     81,937         473,956   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  d)

The amount of depreciation and amortization expense recognized for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:

 

     For the nine months ended
September 30,
 
     2014     2013  

Depreciation and amortization by geography

    

North America

     (49,063     —     

South America

     (22,324     (8,101

Europe

     (15,494     (17,584
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     (86,881     (25,685
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

     For the nine months ended
September 30,
 
     2014     2013  

Depreciation and amortization by business sectors

    

Renewable energy

     (67,336     (17,584

Electric transmission lines

     (19,545     (8,101
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     (86,881     (25,685
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Note 5.- Changes in the scope of the consolidated condensed interim financial statements

The entities included in these consolidated condensed interim financial statements as of September 30, 2014 are the same entities that were included in the combined financial statements as of December 31, 2013 except for certain holding entities that have been incorporated and included in the scope of these consolidated condensed interim financial statements.

On September 22, 2014, the Company entered into an agreement with Abengoa, subject to financing, to acquire three renewable energy assets for a total amount of approximately $312 million (adjusting the portion of the price denominated in euros to current exchange rate). The transaction has been approved by Abengoa Yield’s board of directors with the approval of independent directors and by Abengoa’s boards of directors. The renewable energy assets to be acquired consist of Solacor and PS, Concentrating Solar Power assets with a combined capacity of 131 MW located in Spain, and Cadonal, a 50 MW wind farm located in Uruguay.

Note 6.- Contracted concessional assets

The detail of contracted concessional assets included in the heading ‘Contracted Concessional assets’ as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 is as follows:

 

     As of September 30,
2014
    As of December 31,
2013
 

Contracted concessional assets cost

     4,476,272        4,492,286   

Amortization and impairment

     (156,964     (74,166
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     4,319,308        4,418,120   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Contracted concessional assets include fixed assets financed through non-recourse loans, related to service concession arrangements recorded in accordance with IFRIC 12, except for Palmucho, which is recorded in accordance with IAS 17. Concessional assets are recorded as intangible or financial assets, according to IFRIC 12 and IAS 17. As of September 30, 2014, contracted concessional financial assets amount to $743,347 thousand ($715,770 thousand as of December 31, 2013).

No losses from impairment of contracted concessional assets were recorded during 2014 and 2013.

Note 7.- Investments carried under the equity method

The table below shows the breakdown of the investments held in associates as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013:

 

     Balance as of
September 30,
2014
     Balance as of
December 31,
2013
 

Mojave Solar, LLC

     425,492         381,248   

Evacuación Valdecaballeros, S.L.

     5,755         6,076   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     431,247         387,324   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Note 8.- Financial investments

The detail of Non-current and Current financial investment as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 is as follows:

 

     Balance as of
September 30,
2014
     Balance as of
December 31,
2013
 

Other receivable accounts

     81,460         15,230   

Preferred equity in ACBH

     263,000         —     

Derivative assets

     4,594         13,622   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-current financial investments

     349,054         28,852   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other receivable accounts

     261,677         266,363   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current financial investments

     261,677         266,363   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The preferred equity investment in ACBH is an available for sale financial asset that gives the following rights:

 

   

During the five-year period commencing on July 1, 2014, Abengoa Yield has the right to receive, in four quarterly installments, a preferred dividend of $18,400 thousand per year.

 

   

Following the initial five-year period, Abengoa Yield has the option to (i) remain as preferred equity holder receiving the first $18,400 thousand in dividends per year that ACBH is able to distribute or (ii) exchange the preferred equity for ordinary shares of specific project companies owned by ACBH.

Given that Abengoa Yield has a right to receive a quarterly dividend during the upcoming five years, the Company has recorded an account receivable for a total amount of $69,421 as of September 30, 2014, corresponding to the present value of the receivable, with a credit to Deferred income, in “Grants and other liabilities”. Income is recorded progressively during the next five years from July 2014, as dividend is collected. The long-term portion of the account receivable is included in “Other receivable account” within non-current financial investments.

Current Other receivable accounts include the short-term portion of contracted concessional assets.

 

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Note 9.- Derivative financial instruments

The breakdowns of the fair value amount of the derivative financial instruments as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 are as follows:

 

    

Balance as of

September 30, 2014

    

Balance as of

December 31, 2013

 
   Assets      Liabilities      Assets      Liabilities  

Interest rate derivatives - cash flow hedge

     4,594         95,132         13,622         44,221   

All the derivatives are interest rate cash-flow hedges and are classified as non-current assets or non-current liabilities, as they hedge long-term financing agreements. All derivatives are classified as level 2 (see Note 10).

During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, the fair value of derivative assets decreased and the fair value of derivative liabilities increased mainly due to a decrease in the fair value of swaps resulting from the decrease in future interest rates.

The net amount of the cash flow hedges transferred to the consolidated income statement is a loss of $20,955 thousand in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 (loss of $22,665 thousand in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013). The net amount of the time value component of the cash flow hedges recognized in the consolidated income statement for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 has been a loss of $1,476 thousand and a profit of $535 thousand respectively.

The after-tax losses accumulated in equity in connection with derivatives designated as cash flow hedges as of September 30, 2014, December 31, 2013, and September 30, 2013, amount to $81,200 thousand, $36,600 thousand and $51,734 thousand respectively.

Note 10.- Fair value of financial instruments

Financial instruments measured at fair value are presented in accordance with the following level classification based on the nature of the inputs used for the calculation of fair value:

 

   

Level 1: Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

   

Level 2: Fair value is measured based on inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).

 

   

Level 3: Fair value is measured based on unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

As of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, all the financial instruments measured at fair value correspond to derivatives and have been classified as Level 2.

 

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Note 11.- Related parties

Details of balances with related parties as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 are as follows:

 

     Balance as of
September 30,
2014
     As of
December 31,
2013
 

Credit receivables (current)

     20,680         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current receivables with related parties

     20,680         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Credit receivables (non-current)

     327,400         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-current receivables with related parties

     327,400         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Trade payables (current)

     23,136         25,077   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current payables with related parties

     23,136         25,077   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Trade payables (non-current)

     4,703         5,107   

Credit payables (non-current)

     44,176         487,427   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-current payables with related parties

     48,879         492,534   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Receivables with related parties primarily correspond to the preferred equity investment in ACBH and its corresponding dividend (see Note 8), for $327,400 thousand as non-current and $18,400 thousand as current.

The decrease in the line Credit payables (non-current) is due to the capitalization of debt with related parties for a total amount of $442,204 thousand which occurred prior to the Asset Transfer.

The transactions carried out by entities included in these consolidated condensed interim financial statements with Abengoa and with subsidiaries of Abengoa not included in the consolidated group during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 have been as follows:

 

     For the nine nine-month period
September 30,
 
             2014                     2013          

Sales

     9,638        10,027   

Construction costs

     (38,565     (300,706

Services rendered

     1,823        1,462   

Services received

     (28,841     (16,245

Purchases

     —          (125

Financial income

     2,268        370   

Financial expenses

     (8,296     (3,154

Services received include operation and maintenance services received by some plants, the fee incurred by some operating under the services agreement with Abengoa, and the allocation of general and administrative services. Sales relate to sale of energy by Spanish CSP plants. Financial expenses primarily relate to interest expenses on debt with related parties that were capitalized prior to the IPO.

Construction costs include construction work subcontracted to Abengoa for the construction of the assets, which is recorded in these consolidated condensed interim financial statements due to the fact that contracted concessional assets are included in the consolidated condensed interim financial statements during the construction phase, according to IFRIC 12.

In addition, the Company has entered into a Financial Support Agreement under which Abengoa has agreed to facilitate a new $50,000 thousand revolving credit line and maintain any guarantees and letters of credit that have

 

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been provided by it on behalf of or for the benefit of Abengoa Yield and its affiliates for a period of five years. As of September 30, 2014, the total amount of the credit line remained undrawn.

Note 12.- Clients and other receivable

Clients and other receivable as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, consist of the following:

 

     Balance as of
September 30,
2014
     Balance as of
December 31,
2013
 

Trade receivables

     59,626         26,649   

Tax receivables

     29,802         61,888   

Other accounts receivable

     6,882         9,060   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     96,310         97,597   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the fair value of clients and other receivable accounts does not differ significantly from its carrying value.

Note 13.- Share capital

As of September 30, 2014, the share capital amounted to $8,000,000 represented by 80,000,000 ordinary shares completely subscribed and disbursed with a nominal value of $0.1 each, all in the same class and series. Each share grants one voting right.

On June 18, 2014 Abengoa Yield closed its initial public offering issuing 24,850,000 ordinary shares. The shares were offered at a price of $29 per share and as a result the Company raised $720,650 thousand of gross proceeds. The Company recorded $2,485 thousand as Share Capital and $682,810 thousand as Additional Paid in Capital, included in the Parent company reserves of the consolidated condensed statement of financial position as of September 30, 2014, corresponding to the total net proceeds of the offering.

Abengoa Yield’s shares began trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “ABY” on June 13, 2014.

As of September 30, 2014, Abengoa had a 64.28% interest in Abengoa Yield.

In addition, as of September 30, 2014, there was no treasury stock and there have been no transactions with treasury stock during the period then ended.

Note 14.- Non-recourse financing (project financing)

The main purpose of the Company is the long-term ownership and management of contracted concessional assets, such as renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission line assets, which are financed through non-recourse project finance. This note shows the non-recourse financing linked to the contracted concessional assets included in Note 6 of these consolidated condensed interim financial statements.

The detail of Non-recourse financing of both non-current and current liabilities as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 is as follows:

 

     Balance as of
September 30,
2014
     Balance as of
December 31,
2013
 

Non-current

     2,382,131         2,842,338   

Current

     105,170         52,312   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-recourse financing

     2,487,301         2,894,650   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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The repayment schedule for non-recourse project financing as of September 30, 2014 is as follows and is consistent with the projected cash flows of the related projects.

 

Rest 2014

   Between
January and
September

2015
     Between
October and
December

2015
     2016      2017      2018      Subsequent
years
     Total  

81,699

     23,471         24,229         63,508         68,275         64,045         2,162,074         2,487,301   

Note 15.- Grants and other liabilities

 

    

Balances as of
September 30,

2014

    

Balances as of
December 31,

2013

 

Grants

     800,786         416,264   

Deferred Income

     69,000         —     

Long-term trade payables

     245,653         234,639   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Grant and other non-current liabilities

     1,115,439         650,903   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The increase in Grants was primarily due to an ITC Cash Grant awarded by the U.S. Department of the Treasury for the Solana project. The cash received was used on April 2, 2014 to fully repay the Solana short-term tranche of the loan with the Federal Financing Bank. The amount recorded in Grants as a liability is progressively recorded as other income over the useful life of the asset.

As of September 30, 2014, Long-term trade payables include $239 million related to the non-current portion of the investment from Liberty Interactive Corporation (‘Liberty’) made on October 2, 2013. The current portion is recorded in other current liabilities (see note 16).

Deferred income corresponds to the long-term portion of the deferred income from the dividend receivable from the preferred equity investment in ACBH (see Note 8).

Note 16.- Trade payables and other current liabilities

Trade payable and other current liabilities as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 are as follows:

 

     Balance as of
September 30,

2014
     Balance as of
December 31,

2013
 

Trade suppliers

     16,053         101,409   

Credits for services

     10,898         18,484   

Down payments from clients

     4,509         4,711   

Deferred income

     18,400         —     

Other accounts payable

     75,898         79,409   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     125,758         204,013   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other accounts payable include the short term portion of Liberty´s investment for an amount of $58 million as of September 30, 2014 (see note 15).

Deferred income corresponds to the short-term portion of the deferred income related to the dividend receivable from the preferred equity investment in ACBH (see Note 8).

Nominal values of Trade payables and other current liabilities are considered to approximately equal to fair values and the effect of discounting them is not significant.

 

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Note 17.- Income Tax

The effective tax rate for the periods presented has been established based on Management’s best estimates.

In the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, Income tax amounted to a $4,125 thousand loss with respect of a Loss before income tax of $8,234 thousand. In the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013, Income tax amounts to a $14,392 thousand benefit with respect to an Income before income tax of $9,271 thousand. The effective tax rate differs from the nominal tax rate mainly due to permanent differences and treatment of tax credits in some jurisdictions.

Note 18.- Financial income and expenses

Financial income and expenses

The following table sets forth our financial income and expenses for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013:

 

    

For the nine-month period ended

September 30,

 
  

    2014    

    

    2013    

 

Financial income

     

Interest income from loans and credits

     2,433         176   

Interest rates benefits derivatives: cash flow hedges

     767         535   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     3,200         711   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

    

For the nine-month period ended

September 30,

 
  

    2014    

   

    2013    

 

Financial expenses

    

Expenses due to interest:

    

- Loans from credit entities

     (83,795     (50,676

- Other debts

     (44,632     (3,154

Interest rates losses derivatives: cash flow hedges

     (23,198     (22,665
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     (151,625     (76,495
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial expenses have increased for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 when compared with the same period in the previous year, mainly due to interest expense from loans and credits associated with projects that have entered into operation during the last quarters of 2013 and during the first semester of 2014, interest expense from other debts mainly due to the notes issued by ATN in the third quarter of 2013 and by ATS in April of 2014 and the Liberty liability. Interest is capitalized for our intangible concession assets during the construction period and begins to be expensed upon commercial operation. Losses from interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges correspond mainly to transfers from equity to financial expense when the hedged item is impacting the consolidated income statement.

 

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Other net financial income and expenses

The following table sets out ‘Other net financial income and expenses’ for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013:

 

     For the nine-month
period ended
September 30,
 
     2014     2013  

Other financial income / (expenses)

    

Dividend from ACBH (Brazil)

     4,600        —     

Other financial income

     350        857   

Other financial losses

     (2,397     (1,340

Outsourcing of payables

     (112     (66
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     2,441        (549
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014, other financial income mainly include $4.6 million dividend income from the preferred equity investment in ACBH corresponding to the third quarter of 2014 (See Note 8). Other financial losses mainly include guarantees and letters of credit, wire transfers and other bank fees and other minor financial expenses.

Note 19.- Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share has been calculated for the period subsequent to the initial public offering by dividing the profit attributable to equity holders of the company generated after the initial public offering by the number of shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share equals basic earnings per share for the period presented.

 

Item

  

Period from
July 1, 2014, to
September 30,
2014

    

For the

six-month period

ended June 30,
2014

 

Profit from continuing operations attributable to Abengoa Yield Plc. subsequent to Initial Public Offering

     14,393         (28,233

Profit from discontinuing operations attributable to Abengoa Yield Plc. subsequent to Initial Public Offering

     —           —     

Average number of ordinary shares outstanding (thousands) – basic and diluted

     80,000         80,000   

Earnings per share from continuing operations (US dollar per share) – basic and diluted

     0.18         (0.35

Earnings per share from discontinuing operations (US dollar per share) – basic and diluted

     —           —     

Earnings per share from profit for the period (US dollar per share) – basic and diluted

     0.18         (0.35

Note 20.- Subsequent events

On October 1, 2014, Abengoa Transmisión Norte S.A. repaid the debt owed to Compania Española de Financiación del Desarrollo, Cofides S.A. for an amount of $35.4 million. As of September 30, 2014 this amount was at the project level company, thus it was not included in cash at holding level.

On November 5, 2014 the Company announced a proposed offering of $255 million in aggregate principal amount of senior notes (the “Notes”) due 2019. The Notes will accrue annual interest of 7% payable semi-annually. The closing and disbursement of funds is expected to take place on November 17, 2014, subject to customary conditions. The proceeds from the Notes will be used, together with cash on hand, to finance our acquisition of assets from Abengoa (see Note 5).

 

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On November 14, 2014, the Company announced that the Board of Directors declared its first quarterly dividend corresponding to the third quarter of 2014, amounting to $0.2592 per share. The dividend will be paid on or about December 15, 2014, together with pro-rata dividend corresponding to the days since the IPO to the end of June 30, 2014, amounting to $0.0370, driving the total payment per share to $0.2962 per share to shareholders of record November 28 2014.

Since September 30, 2014, no other events have occurred that might significantly influence the information reflected in the consolidated condensed financial statements, nor has there been any event of significance to consolidated group as a whole.

 

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LOGO

 

Deloitte, S.L.
Américo Vespucio, 13

Isla de la Cartuja

41092 Sevilla

España

 

Tel: +34 954 48 93 00

Fax: +34 954 48 93 10

www.deloitte.es

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors of Abengoa Yield Ltd.:

We have audited the accompanying combined statements of financial position of the Abengoa Concessions Businesses (a group of businesses within Abengoa, S.A. herein after “the Company” – see Note 1) as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related combined income statements, the combined statements of comprehensive income, the combined statements of changes in equity, the combined cash flow statements and related notes to the combined financial statements for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2013. These combined financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these combined financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Combined Group is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Combined Group’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the combined financial statements, referred to above, present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the results of their operations and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2013 in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

As discussed in Note 2.1, the combined financial statements have been prepared as a combination of the historical accounts of the companies that compose the Company. The combined financial statements also include expense allocations for certain corporate functions historically provided by Abengoa, S.A. These allocations may not be reflective of the actual expense which would have been incurred had the Company operated as a separate entity apart from Abengoa, S.A. As described in Note 2.1 to the combined financial statements, the Company has adopted IFRS 10 for all years presented in the combined financial statements.

/s/ Deloitte, S.L.

Seville, Spain

February 28, 2014

Deloitte S.L. Inscrita en el Registro Mercantil de Madrid, tomo 13.650, sección 8ª, folio 188, hoja M-54414, inscripción 96ª. C.I.F.: B-79104469.

Domicilio social: Plaza Pablo Ruiz Picasso, 1, Torre Picasso, 28020, Madrid.

 

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Combined statements of financial position as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and as of January 1, 2012

Amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars

 

     Note (1)    As of December 31,      As of
January 1,
 
          2013      2012      2012  

Assets

           

Non-current assets

           

Contracted concessional assets

   6    $ 4,418,120       $ 2,058,941       $ 1,546,795   

Investments carried under the equity method

   7      387,324         734,083         180,210   

Other receivable accounts

   8      15,230         8,001         222   

Derivative assets

   8 & 9      13,622         5,604         9,188   

Financial investments

        28,852         13,605         9,410   

Deferred tax assets

   16      52,784         60,242         44,115   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-current assets

      $ 4,887,080       $ 2,866,871       $ 1,780,530   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Current assets

           

Inventories

        5,244         —           —     

Trade receivables

   11      26,649         11,194         1,215   

Credits and other receivables

   11      70,948         94,883         123,606   

Clients and other receivables

   8 & 11      97,597         106,077         124,821   

Other receivable accounts

        266,363         127,647         101,707   

Financial investments

   8      266,363         127,647         101,707   

Cash and cash equivalents

   8 & 12      357,664         97,499         40,171   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current assets

      $ 726,868       $ 331,223       $ 266,699   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

      $ 5,613,948       $ 3,198,094       $ 2,047,229   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of the combined financial statements

 

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Combined statements of financial position as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and as of January 1, 2012

Amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars

 

     Note (1)    As of December 31,     As of
January 1,
 
          2013     2012     2012  

Equity and liabilities

         

Equity attributable to the Company

         

Hedging reserves

      $ (36,600   $ (103,547   $ (82,048

Accumulated currency translation differences

        9,009        2,731        290   

Other equity

        1,245,510        1,182,008        617,752   

Non-controlling interest

        69,279        58,617        47,926   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity

      $ 1,287,198      $ 1,139,809      $ 583,920   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-current liabilities

         

Borrowings

        2,736,552        1,320,042        1,003,239   

Notes and bonds

        105,786        —          —     

Long-term non-recourse project financing

   8 & 13      2,842,338        1,320,042        1,003,239   

Grants and other liabilities

   14      650,903        129,217        —     

Related parties

   8 & 10      492,534        222,946        86,952   

Derivative liabilities

   8 & 9      44,221        134,673        122,974   

Deferred tax liabilities

   16      21,839        15,358        4,652   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total non-current liabilities

      $ 4,051,835      $ 1,822,236      $ 1,217,817   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Current liabilities

         

Borrowings

        49,540        48,867        78,674   

Notes and bonds

        2,772        —          —     

Short-term non-recourse project financing

   8 & 13      52,312        48,867        78,674   

Trade payables and other current liabilities

   8 & 15      204,013        186,048        166,246   

Income and other tax payables

        18,590        1,134        572   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

      $ 274,915      $ 236,049      $ 245,492   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity and liabilities

      $ 5,613,948      $ 3,198,094      $ 2,047,229   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of the combined financial statements

 

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Combined income statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

Amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars

 

     Note (1)    For the year ended
December 31,
 
          2013     2012  

Revenue

   4    $ 210,907      $ 107,183   

Other operating income

   18      379,644        560,372   

Raw materials and consumables used

        (8,671     (4,289

Employee benefit expenses

        (2,446     (1,789

Depreciation, amortization, and impairment charges

   6      (46,943     (20,234

Other operating expenses

   18      (420,905     (573,510
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating profit/(loss)

      $ 111,586      $ 67,733   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial income

   19      1,153        718   

Financial expense

   19      (123,784     (64,104

Net exchange differences

        (895     392   

Other financial income/(expense), net

   19      (1,693     (173
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial expense, net

      $ (125,219   $ (63,167
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share of profit/(loss) of associates carried under the equity method

      $ 13      $ (404
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) before income tax

      $ (13,620   $ 4,162   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income tax

   16    $ 11,762      $ (4,021
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the year

      $ (1,858   $ 141   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss/(profit) attributable to non-controlling interests

      $ (1,559   $ 1,195   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the year attributable to the Company

      $ (3,417   $ 1,336   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of the combined financial statements

The combined income statements include the following income (expense) items arising from transactions with related parties:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2013     2012  

Sales

   $ 11,925      $ 5,089   

Construction costs

     (364,715     (558,620

Services rendered

     2,804        3,527   

Services received

     (24,403     (8,742

Purchases

     (2,669     (177

Financial income

     468        575   

Financial expenses

     (11,209     (4,525

 

F-30


Table of Contents

Combined statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

Amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars

 

     Note (1)      For the year ended December 31,  
                      2013                         2012            

Profit/(loss) for the year

      $ (1,858   $ 141   

Items that may be subject to transfer to income statement

       

Change in fair value of cash flow hedges

        75,907        (41,320

Currency translation differences

        8,941        3,521   

Tax effect

        (22,494     12,396   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income/(expenses) recognized directly in equity

      $ 62,354      $ (25,403
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flow hedges

     9         27,513        5,916   

Tax effect

        (8,254     (1,775
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Transfers to income statement

      $ 19,259      $ 4,141   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income/(loss)

      $ 81,613      $ (21,262
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year

      $ 79,755      $ (21,121
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interest

        (9,947     3,399   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to the Company

      $ 69,808      $ (17,722
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of the combined financial statements

 

F-31


Table of Contents

Combined statements of changes in equity for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

Amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars

 

     Hedging
reserves
    Accumulated
currency
translation
differences
     Other equity     Total equity
attributable
to the
Company
    Non-controlling
interest
    Total equity  

Balance as of January 1, 2012

   $ (82,048   $ 290       $ 617,752      $ 535,994      $ 47,926      $ 583,920   

Profit for the year after taxes

     —          —           1,336        1,336        (1,195     141   

Change in fair value of cash flow hedges

     (30,713     —           —          (30,713     (4,691     (35,404

Currency translation differences

     —          2,441         —          2,441        1,080        3,521   

Tax effect

     9,214        —           —          9,214        1,407        10,621   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income

   $ (21,499   $ 2,441       $ —        $ (19,058   $ (2,204   $ (21,262
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

   $ (21,499   $ 2,441       $ 1,336      $ (17,722   $ (3,399   $ (21,121
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Capital contributions

   $ —        $ —         $ 562,920      $ 562,920      $ 14,090      $ 577,010   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ —        $ —         $ 562,920      $ 562,920      $ 14,090      $ 577,010   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2012

   $ (103,547   $ 2,731       $ 1,182,008      $ 1,081,192      $ 58,617      $ 1,139,809   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of January 1, 2013

   $ (103,547   $ 2,731       $ 1,182,008      $ 1,081,192      $ 58,617      $ 1,139,809   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the year after taxes

     —          —           (3,417     (3,417     1,559        (1,858

Change in fair value of cash flow hedges

     95,242        —           —          95,242        8,178        103,420   

Currency translation differences

     —          6,278         —          6,278        2,663        8,941   

Tax effect

     (28,295     —           —          (28,295     (2,453     (30,748
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income

   $ 66,947      $ 6,278       $ —        $ 73,225      $ 8,388      $ 81,613   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

   $ 66,947      $ 6,278       $ (3,417   $ 69,808      $ 9,947      $ 79,755   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Capital contributions

   $ —        $ —         $ 66,919      $ 66,919      $ 715      $ 67,634   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Scope variations, acquisitions and other movements

   $ —        $ —         $ 66,919      $ 66,919      $ 715      $ 67,634   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2013

   $ (36,600   $ 9,009       $ 1,245,510      $ 1,217,919      $ 69,279      $ 1,287,198   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of the combined financial statements

 

F-32


Table of Contents

Combined cash flow statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

Amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars

 

          For the year ended  
     Note (1)    2013     2012  

I. Profit/(loss) for the year

      $ (1,858   $ 141   

Non-monetary adjustments

       

Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges

   6      46,943        20,234   

Finance (income)/expenses

        95,117        57,440   

Fair value gains on derivative financial instruments

        8,272        1,007   

Shares of (profits)/losses from associates

        (13     404   

Income tax

   16      (11,762     4,021   

Changes in consolidation and other non-monetary items

        (46,168     (60,269
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

II. Profit for the year from adjusted by non monetary items

      $ 90,531      $ 22,978   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Variations in working capital

       

Inventories

        (5,244     —     

Clients and other receivables

        10,622        23,775   

Trade payables and other current liabilities

        (45,110     16,322   

Financial investments and other current assets/liabilities

        48,945        26,527   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

III. Variations in working capital

      $ 9,213      $ 66,624   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income tax paid

        (73     (255

Interest received

        640        718   

Interest paid

        (62,923     (42,083
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

A. Net cash provided by operating activities

      $ 37,388      $ 47,982   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investments in entities under the equity method

   7     
(240,639

    (554,276

Investment in contracted concessional assets

   6      (401,678     (518,495

Other non-current assets/liabilities

        (52,250     (25,929
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

B. Net cash used in investing activities

      $ (694,567   $ (1,098,700
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Proceeds from Non recourse financing

   13      1,139,671        339,550   

Repayment of Non-recourse financing

   13      (667,784     (61,620

Proceeds from related parties and other

        442,986        829,322   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

C. Net cash provided by financing activities

      $ 914,873      $ 1,107,252   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

      $ 257,694      $ 56,534   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash, cash equivalents and bank overdrafts at beginning of the year

        97,499        40,171   

Translation differences cash or cash equivalent

        2,471        794   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year

      $ 357,664      $ 97,499   
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of the combined financial statements

 

F-33


Table of Contents

Contents

 

Note 1.- Nature of the business

     F-35   

Note 2.- Significant accounting policies

     F-37   

Note 3.- Financial risk management

     F-47   

Note 4.- Financial information by segment

     F-48   

Note 5.- Changes in the scope of the combined financial statements

     F-53   

Note 6.- Contracted concession assets

     F-53   

Note 7.- Investments carried under the equity method

     F-55   

Note 8.- Financial Instruments by category

     F-56   

Note 9.- Derivative financial instruments

     F-56   

Note 10.- Related parties

     F-57   

Note 11.- Clients and other receivable

     F-59   

Note 12.- Cash and cash equivalents

     F-59   

Note 13.- Non-recourse financing (project financing)

     F-60   

Note 14.- Grants and other liabilities

     F-61   

Note 15.- Trade payables and other current liabilities

     F-62   

Note 16.- Income Tax

     F-62   

Note 17.- Third-party guarantees and commitments

     F-64   

Note 18.- Other operating income and expenses

     F-65   

Note 19.- Financial income and expenses

     F-66   

Note 20.- Other information

     F-67   

Appendices (1)

     F-68   

 

(1)

The Appendices are an integral part of the notes to the combined financial statements.

 

F-34


Table of Contents

Note 1.- Nature of the business

Abengoa Yield Limited is a United Kingdom corporation incorporated on December 17, 2013, by Abengoa, S.A. (‘Abengoa’ or ‘the Parent’). Abengoa Yield Limited is a dividend growth-oriented company formed to serve as the primary vehicle through which Abengoa will own, manage, and acquire renewable energy, conventional power, electric transmission lines, and other contracted revenue-generating assets, initially focused on North America (United States and Mexico) and South America (Peru, Chile and Uruguay), as well as Europe (Spain in the first instance).

Abengoa listed on the Madrid Stock Exchange and the NASDAQ Global Select Market, is a leading engineering and clean technology company with operations in more than 50 countries worldwide that provides innovative solutions for a diverse range of customers in the energy and environmental sectors. Over the course of its 70-year history, Abengoa has developed a unique and integrated business model that applies accumulated engineering expertise to promoting sustainable development solutions, including delivering new methods for generating power from the sun, developing biofuels, producing potable water from seawater, and efficiently transporting electricity. A cornerstone of Abengoa’s business model has been the investment in proprietary technologies, particularly in areas with relatively high barriers to entry. Abengoa’s engineering and construction activities provide sophisticated turnkey engineering, procurement, and construction services from design to implementation for infrastructure projects within the energy and environmental sectors and engages in other related activities with a high technology component. Its concession-type infrastructures activities include the management, operation and maintenance of infrastructure assets, usually pursuant to long-term concession agreements. Its industrial production activities produce mostly bioethanol.

The accompanying combined financial statements of Abengoa Yield Limited (‘the Company’, ‘Abengoa Yield’ or ‘the Predecessor’) have been prepared in connection with the proposed initial public offering of common shares of Abengoa Yield, or the Offering, and represent the eleven assets described herein that Abengoa intends to transfer to Abengoa Yield prior to the Offering. The Company has elected to account for the Asset Transfer to Abengoa Yield Limited using the predecessor values, given that these will be transactions between entities under common control. Any difference between the consideration given and the aggregate book value of the assets and liabilities of the acquired entities as of the date of the transaction will be reflected as an adjustment to equity.

The portfolio consists of five renewable energy assets, a cogeneration facility, and several electric transmission lines, all of which are fully operational as of today, with the exception of the Mojave solar facility, which is in the test operation stage and expected to be fully operational by November 2014. All of our assets have contracted revenues (regulated revenues in the case of the Spanish assets) with low-risk offtakers, and have an average remaining contract life of approximately 26 years as of December 31, 2013. Our contracts are generally fixed-priced and pursuant to regulated rates revised based on inflation or similar types of public indexes. Over 90% of cash generated each year and available for distribution from these assets in the next four years is in U.S. dollars, or indexed to the U.S. dollar. Over 90% of our project-level debt is hedged against changes in interest rates through an underlying fixed rate on the debt instrument or through interest rate swaps, caps, or similar hedging instruments.

Our assets and operations are organized into the following three business sectors:

 

   

Renewable energy: renewable energy assets include of (i) two concentrated solar power (CSP) plants in the United States, Solana and Mojave, each with a gross capacity of 280 MW; (ii) one on-shore wind farm in Uruguay, Palmatir, with a gross capacity of 50 MW; and (iii) two CSP plants in Spain, Solaben 2 and Solaben 3, with a gross capacity of 50 MW each.

 

   

Conventional power: the conventional power asset consists of Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco, or ACT, a 300 MW cogeneration plant in Mexico.

 

   

Electric transmission lines: the electric transmission line assets include (i) two lines in Peru, ATN and ATS, spanning a total of 931 miles; and (ii) three lines in Chile, Quadra 1, Quadra 2, and Palmucho, spanning a total of 87 miles.

 

F-35


Table of Contents

Abengoa Yield is expected to be comprised of the following projects:

 

Our Assets

 

Type

  Ownership   Location   Currency   Capacity
(Gross)
  Counterparty CreditRatings (3)   COD/
Expected COD
  Contract
Years Left

Solana

  Renewable (CSP)   100%

Class B 1

  Arizona

(USA)

  USD   280 MW   A-/A3/BBB+   4Q 2013   29

Mojave

  Renewable (CSP)   100%   California

(USA)

  USD   280 MW   BBB/A3/BBB+   4Q 2014   25

ACT

  Conventional Power   100%   Mexico   USD   300 MW   BBB+/Baa1/BBB+   2Q 2013   19

ATN

  Transmission line   100%   Peru   USD   362 miles   BBB+/Baa2/BBB+   1Q 2011   27

ATS

  Transmission line   100%   Peru   USD   569 miles   BBB+/Baa2/BBB+   1Q 2014   30

Quadra 1 & Quadra 2

  Transmission line   100%   Chile   USD   81 miles   N/A   2Q 2014 &

1Q 2014

  21

Palmucho

  Transmission line   100%   Chile   USD   6 miles   BBB+/Baa2/BBB+   4Q 2007   23

Palmatir

  Renewable (Wind)   100%   Uruguay   USD   50 MW   BBB-/Baa3/BBB-   2Q 2014   20
Solaben 2 & Solaben 3  

Renewable (CSP)

  70% 2   Spain   Euro   2x50 MW   BBB/Baa2/BBB+   2Q 2012 &

4Q 2012

  24

 

(1)

Liberty Interactive Corporation invested $300 million in Class A membership interests in exchange for a share of the dividends and taxable loss generated by Solana on September 30, 2013. As a result of the agreement, Liberty Interactive Corporation will receive 54.06% of both dividends and taxable loss generated during a period of approximately five years; such percentage will decrease to 24.05% thereafter.

(2)

Itochu Corporation holds 30% of the economic rights to each of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3.

(3)

Reflects the countrerparty’s issuer credit ratings issued by S&P, Moody’s and Fitch.

Entities included in these combined financial statements have signed with the grantor of the concession contracts of construction, operation and maintenance and they subcontract the construction of the contracted assets to Abengoa. Given that these projects (except for Palmucho) are included within the scope of IFRIC 12 and given that they are included in the combined financial statements during their construction phase, the Company has recorded income and cost attributable to the construction in the combined income statement. Construction revenue is recorded within “Other operating income” according to the percentage of completion method as established by IAS 11. Construction cost, which is fully contracted with related parties, is recorded within “Other operating expense”.

The combined financial statements were prepared using Abengoa’s historical basis in the assets and liabilities of the Predecessor, and include all revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities attributed to the Predecessor. In addition, other operating expenses include an allocation of certain general and administrative services provided by Abengoa. The Company believes that by including the allocated costs, the combined income statement includes a reasonable estimate of actual costs incurred to operate the business. However, such expenses may not be indicative of the actual level of expense that would have been incurred by the Predecessor if it had operated as an independent, publicly-traded company during the periods prior to the Offering or of the costs expected to be incurred in the future. In the opinion of management, the inter-company eliminations and adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the combined financial statements, in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IFRS-IASB) have been made.

These combined financial statements were approved by the Chief Executive Officer on February 27, 2014.

 

F-36


Table of Contents

Note 2.- Significant accounting policies

2.1 Basis of preparation

The Company is not an existing legal entity for the periods presented. Rather, it is a combination of entities and assets currently owned by Abengoa and that have been under common control of Abengoa during the periods presented. The management has prepared the combined financial statements for the only purpose of including them as historical financial information of the predecessor of Abengoa Yield in a public prospectus.

Abengoa is a company listed in Madrid Stock Exchange and in NASDAQ and prepares, on an annual basis, consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS-IASB. Since the combined financial statements of Abengoa Yield are carved out from the consolidated financial statements of Abengoa in 2012 and 2013, the combined financial statements have also been prepared in accordance with the IFRS-IASB.

As a consequence, the combined financial statements represent the operations of the contributed entities using the predecessor values, and the accounting policies are the same as those used in the historical combined financial statements of Abengoa. Accordingly, the Company has not been considered IFRS first time adopter and IFRS 1 ‘First time adoption of financial reporting standards’ does not apply.

The combined financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars, which is the Company’s functional and presentation currency. Amounts included in these combined financial statements are all expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, unless otherwise indicated.

Application of new accounting standards

 

a)

Standards, interpretations, and amendments effective from January 1, 2013 under IFRS-IASB, applied by the Company:

 

   

IFRS 13 ‘Fair value measurement’. IFRS 13 defines fair value, sets out a framework for measuring fair value in a single IFRS and requires disclosures about fair value measurements. This standard has been applied prospectively from January 1, 2013, and has not had a significant impact in the combined financial statements.

 

   

IFRS 10, ‘Consolidated financial statements’. IFRS 10 modifies the former definition of control. The new definition of control sets out the following three elements: power over the investee; exposure, or rights, to variable returns from involvement with the investee; and the ability to use power over the investee to affect the amount of the investor’s returns.

 

   

IFRS 12 ‘Disclosures of interests in other entities’. IFRS 12 defines the required disclosures of interests in subsidiaries, associates, joint ventures, and non-controlling interests.

 

   

IFRS 10, IFRS 11, and IFRS 12 (amendments) ‘Transition guidance’.

 

   

International Accounting Standard (IAS) 1 (amendment) ‘Financial statements presentation’. The main change resulting from this amendment is a requirement to group items presented in ‘other comprehensive income’ (OCI) into two categories on the basis of whether or not they will be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss.

The main impact of the application of the new standard IFRS 10 relates to the de-consolidation of Solana and Mojave, companies that do not fulfill the conditions of effective control of the interest in terms of decision making during the construction phase and which have been recorded in the combined financial statements according to the equity method during this period. In accordance with this standard, these projects are fully consolidated once they enter into operation and control over them is gained. Solana has been fully consolidated since its entry into operation (see note 5).

 

F-37


Table of Contents

According to the terms and requirements established in IAS 8 ‘Accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors’ and according to IFRS 10 (C2A) ‘Transition’, the above standards and amendments have been retrospectively applied to 2012. Additionally, according to IAS 1 (40A), a third combined statement of financial position as of the beginning of the preceding period, which is January 1, 2012, has been presented applying the new accounting standards. According to IAS 1 (40c), it has not been necessary to present the notes relating to the combined statement of position as of January 1, 2012.

The effect of the de-consolidation of the affected companies and their integration according to the equity method on the combined statements of financial position as of December 31, 2012 and January 1, 2012 is shown below:

 

     Balance as of
12.31.12
    Balance as of
1.1.12
 

Assets

    

Contracted concessional assets

   $ (2,980,453   $ (899,409

Investments carried under the equity method

     728,007        175,895   

Financial investments

     (1,365     (10,547

Current assets

     (10,715     (628
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ (2,264,526   $ (734,689
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Long-term non-recourse project financing

     (1,300,672     (385,426

Other non-current liabilities

     (552,286     (346,376

Current liabilities

     (411,568     (2,887
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

   $ (2,264,526   $ (734,689
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

This de-consolidation has had no impact on revenues, operating profit or net income for the year ended December 31, 2012.

There is no impact of the new standard IFRS 10 on the basic and diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2012

b) Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Standards, interpretations and amendments published by the IASB that will be effective for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014, are:

 

   

IAS 32 (amendment) ‘Compensation of financial assets for financial liabilities’. IAS 32 amendment is mandatory for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014, and is to be applied retroactively.

 

   

IAS 36 (Amendment) ‘Recoverable amount disclosures for non-financial assets’. IAS 36 amendment is mandatory for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014.

 

   

IAS 39 (Amendment) ‘Novation of derivatives and continuation of hedge accounting’. IAS 39 amendment is mandatory for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014.

 

   

IFRS 9, ‘Financial instruments’. This Standard will be effective from January 1, 2015.

The company does not expect any material impact of the amendments that will be effective from January 1, 2014, and is assessing the impact of IFRS 9 (classification and measurement) which will be effective from January 1, 2015.

2.2. Principles to include and record companies in the combined financial statements

Companies included in these combined financial statements are accounted for as subsidiaries as long as Abengoa has had control over them and are accounted for as investments under the equity method as long as Abengoa has had significant influence over them, in the periods presented. The group of entities included in these combined financial statements is referred to as the “Company”.

 

F-38


Table of Contents
  a)

Controlled entities

Control is achieved when the Company:

 

   

Has power over the investee;

 

   

Is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee; and

 

   

Has the ability to use its power to affect its returns.

The Company reassesses whether or not it controls an investee when facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the three elements of control listed above. In order to evaluate the existence of control, we need to distinguish two independent stages in these projects in terms of decision making process: the construction phase and the operation phase. In some of these projects such as Solana and Mojave CSP plants in the United States, the Company has concluded that all the relevant decisions during the construction phase are subject to the approval of a third party. As a result, the Company does not have control over these assets during this period and records these companies as associates under the equity method. Once the project is in operation, the Company gains control over these companies which are then fully consolidated.

The Company uses the acquisition method to account for business combinations. According to this method, identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. Any contingent consideration is recognized at fair value at the acquisition date and subsequent changes in its fair value are recognized in accordance with IAS 39 either in profit or loss or as a change to other comprehensive income. Acquisition related costs are expensed as incurred. The Company recognizes any non-controlling interest in the acquiree either at fair value or at the non-controlling interest’s proportionate share of the acquirer’s net assets on an acquisition by acquisition basis.

All assets and liabilities between entities of the combined group, equity, income, expenses, and cash flows relating to transactions between entities of the group are eliminated in full.

 

  b)

Investments accounted for under the equity method

An associate is an entity over which the Company has significant influence. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but is not control or joint control over those policies.

The results and assets and liabilities of associates are incorporated in these combined financial statements using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method, an investment in an associate is initially recognized in the combined statement of financial position at cost and adjusted thereafter to recognize the Company share of the profit or loss and other comprehensive income of the associate.

Profits and losses resulting from the transactions of the Company with the associate are recognized in the combined financial Statements only to the extent of interests in the associate that are not related to the combined entities.

Controlled entities and associates included in these combined financial statements as of December 31, 2013, 2012, and as of January 1, 2012, are set out in appendices.

2.3. Contracted concessional Assets and price purchase agreements

Contracted concessional assets and price purchase agreements (PPAs) include fixed assets financed through non-recourse loans, related to service concession arrangements recorded in accordance with IFRIC 12, except for Palmucho, which is recorded in accordance with IAS 17. The infrastructures accounted for by the Company as concessions are related to the activities concerning electric transmission lines, solar electricity generation plants, cogeneration plants and a wind farm. The useful life of these assets is approximately the same as the length of the concession arrangement. The infrastructure used in a concession can be classified as an intangible asset or a financial asset, depending on the nature of the payment entitlements established in the agreement.

 

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The application of IFRIC 12 requires extensive judgment in relation with, among other factors, (i) the identification of certain infrastructures and contractual agreements in the scope of IFRIC 12, (ii) the understanding of the nature of the payments in order to determine the classification of the infrastructure as a financial asset or as an intangible asset and (iii) the timing and recognition of the revenue from construction and concessionary activity.

Under the terms of contractual arrangements within the scope of this interpretation, the operator shall recognize and measure revenue in accordance with IAS 11 and 18 for the services it performs. If the operator performs more than one service (i.e. construction or upgrade services and operation services) under a single contract or arrangement, consideration received or receivable shall be allocated by reference to the relative fair values of the services delivered, when the amounts are separately identifiable.

Consequently, even though construction is subcontracted to Abengoa, in accordance with the provisions of IFRIC 12, the Company recognizes and measures revenue and costs for providing construction services during the period of construction of the infrastructure in accordance with IAS 11 “Construction Contracts”. Construction revenue is recorded within “Other operating income” and Construction cost, which is fully contracted with related parties, is recorded within “Other operating expenses”. This applies in the same way to the two models.

 

  a)

Intangible asset

The Company recognizes an intangible asset to the extent that it receives a right to charge final customers for the use of the infrastructure. This intangible asset is subject to the provisions of IAS 38 and is amortized linearly, taking into account the estimated period of commercial operation of the infrastructure which coincides with the concession period.

Once the infrastructure is in operation, the treatment of income and expenses is as follows:

 

   

Revenues from the updated annual revenue for the contracted concession, as well as operations and maintenance services are recognized in each period according to IAS 18 “Revenue”.

 

   

Operating and maintenance costs and general overheads and administrative costs are recorded in accordance with the nature of the cost incurred (amount due) in each period.

 

   

Financing costs are expensed as incurred.

 

  b)

Financial asset

The Company recognizes a financial asset when demand risk is assumed by the grantor, to the extent that the concession holder has an unconditional right to receive payments for the asset. This asset is recognized at the fair value of the construction services provided, considering upgrade services in accordance with IAS 11, if any.

The financial asset is subsequently recorded at amortized cost calculated according to the effective interest method. Revenue from operations and maintenance services is recognized in each period according to IAS 18 “Revenue”. The remuneration of managing and operating the asset resulting from the valuation at amortized cost is also recorded in revenue.

Financing costs are expensed as incurred.

2.4. Borrowing costs

Interest costs incurred in the construction of any qualifying asset are capitalized over the period required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use. A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its internal use or sale, which is considered to be more than one year. Remaining borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

 

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2.5 Asset impairment

Abengoa Yield reviews its contracted concessional assets to identify any indicators of impairment annually.

The recoverable amount of an asset is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use, defined as the present value of the estimated future cash flows to be generated by the asset. In the event that the asset does not generate cash flows independently of other assets, the Company calculates the recoverable amount of the Cash Generating Unit (‘CGU’) to which the asset belongs.

When the carrying amount of the CGU to which these assets belong is lower than its recoverable amount assets are impaired.

Assumptions used to calculate value in use include a discount rate, growth rate and projections considering real data based in the contracts terms and projected changes in both selling prices and costs. The discount rate is estimated by Management, to reflect both changes in the value of money over time and the risks associated with the specific CGU.

For contracted concessional assets, with a defined useful life and with a specific financial structure, cash flow projections until the end of the project are considered and no terminal value is assumed.

Contracted concessional assets have a contractual structure that permit the Company to estimate quite accurately the costs of the project (both in the construction and in the operations periods) and revenue during the life of the project.

Projections take into account real data based on the contract terms and fundamental assumptions based on specific reports prepared by experts, assumptions on demand and assumptions on production. Additionally, assumptions on macro-economic conditions are taken into account, such as inflation rates, future interest rates, etc. and sensitivity analyses are performed over all major assumptions which can have a significant impact in the value of the asset

Cash flow projections of CGUs are calculated in the functional currency of those CGUs and are discounted using rates that take into consideration the risk corresponding to each specific country and currency.

Taking into account that in most CGUs the specific financial structure is linked to the financial structure of the projects that are part of those CGUs, the discount rate used to calculate the present value of cash-flow projections is based on the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for the type of asset, adjusted, if necessary, in accordance with the business of the specific activity and with the risk associated with the country where the project is performed.

In any case, sensitivity analyses are performed, especially in relation with the discount rate used and fair value changes in the main business variables, in order to ensure that possible changes in the estimates of these items do not impact the possible recovery of recognized assets.

Accordingly, the following table provides a summary of the discount rates used (WACC) and growth rates to calculate the recoverable amount for CGUs with the operating segment to which it pertains:

 

Operating segment

  

Discount rate

  

Growth Rate

Europe

   5% - 6%    0%

South America

   5% - 6%    0%

In the event that the recoverable amount of an asset is lower than its carrying amount, an impairment charge for the difference would be recorded in the combined income statement under the item “Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges”.

 

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Pursuant to IAS 39, an impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds the present value of future cash flows discounted at the initial effective interest rate.

2.6 Loans and accounts receivable

Loans and accounts receivable are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments, not listed on an active market.

In accordance with IFRIC 12, certain assets under concessions qualify as financial assets and are recorded as is described in note 2.3.

Pursuant to IAS 39, an impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds the present value of future cash flows discounted at the initial effective interest rate.

Other loans and accounts receivable are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs and are subsequently measured at amortized cost in accordance with the effective interest rate method. Interest calculated using the effective interest rate method is recognized under other financial income within financial income.

2.7. Derivative financial instruments and hedging activities

Derivatives are recorded at fair value. The Company applies hedge accounting to all hedging derivatives that qualify to be accounted for as hedges under IFRS-IASB.

When hedge accounting is applied, hedging strategy and risk management objectives are documented at inception, as well as the relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items. Effectiveness of the hedging relationship needs to be assessed on an ongoing basis. Effectiveness tests are performed prospectively and retrospectively at inception and at each reporting date, following the dollar offset method.

Abengoa Yield applies cash flow hedging. Under this method, the effective portion of changes in fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recorded temporarily in equity and are subsequently reclassified from equity to profit or loss in the same period or periods during which the hedged item affects profit or loss. Any ineffective portion of the hedged transaction is recorded in the combined income statement as it occurs.

When interest rate options are designated as hedging instruments, the intrinsic value and time value of the financial hedge instrument are separated. Changes in intrinsic value which are highly effective are recorded in equity and subsequently reclassified from equity to profit or loss in the same period or periods during which the hedged item affects profit or loss. Changes in time value are recorded as financial income or expense, together with any ineffectiveness.

When the hedging instrument matures or is sold, or when it no longer meets the requirements to apply hedge accounting, accumulated gains and losses recorded in equity remain as such until the forecast transaction is ultimately recognized in the combined income statement. However, if it becomes unlikely that the forecast transaction will actually take place, the accumulated gains and losses in equity are recognized immediately in the combined income statement.

2.8. Fair value estimates

Financial instruments measured at fair value are presented in accordance with the following level classification based on the nature of the inputs used for the calculation of fair value:

 

   

Level 1: Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

   

Level 2: Fair value is measured based on inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).

 

   

Level 3: Fair value is measured based on unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

 

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In the event that prices cannot be observed, the management shall make its best estimate of the price that the market would otherwise establish based on proprietary internal models which, in the majority of cases, use data based on observable market parameters as significant inputs (Level 2) but occasionally use market data that is not observed as significant inputs (Level 3). Different techniques can be used to make this estimate, including extrapolation of observable market data. The best indication of the initial fair value of a financial instrument is the price of the transaction, except when the value of the instrument can be obtained from other transactions carried out in the market with the same or similar instruments, or valued using a valuation technique in which the variables used only include observable market data, mainly interest rates. Differences between the transaction price and the fair value based on valuation techniques that use data that is not observed in the market, are not initially recognized in the income statement.

Abengoa Yield derivatives correspond mainly to the interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges. All derivatives are classified as level 2.

Description of the valuation method

Interest rate swap valuations are made by valuing the swap part of the contract and valuing the credit risk. The methodology used by the market and applied by Abengoa Yield to value interest rate swaps is to discount the expected future cash flows according to the parameters of the contract. Variable interest rates, which are needed to estimate future cash flows, are calculated using the curve for the corresponding currency and extracting the implicit rates for each of the reference dates in the contract. These estimated flows are discounted with the swap zero curve for the reference period of the contract.

The effect of the credit risk on the valuation of the interest rate swaps depends on the future settlement. If the settlement is favorable for the Company, the counterparty credit spread will be incorporated to quantify the probability of default at maturity. If the expected settlement is negative for the Company, its own credit risk will be applied to the final settlement.

Classic models for valuing interest rate swaps use deterministic valuation of the future of variable rates, based on future outlooks. When quantifying credit risk, this model is limited by considering only the risk for the current paying party, ignoring the fact that the derivative could change sign at maturity. A payer and receiver swaption model is proposed for these cases. This enables the associated risk in each swap position to be reflected. Thus, the model shows each agent’s exposure, on each payment date, as the value of entering into the ‘tail’ of the swap, i.e. the live part of the swap.

Variables (Inputs)

Interest rate derivative valuation models use the corresponding interest rate curves for the relevant currency and underlying reference in order to estimate the future cash flows and to discount them. Market prices for deposits, futures contracts and interest rate swaps are used to construct these curves. Interest rate options (caps and floors) also use the volatility of the reference interest rate curve.

To estimate the credit risk of the counterparty, the credit default swap (CDS) spreads curve is obtained in the market for important individual issuers. For less liquid issuers, the spreads curve is estimated using comparable CDSs or based on the country curve. To estimate proprietary credit risk, prices of debt issues in the market and CDSs for the sector and geographic location are used.

The fair value of the financial instruments that results from the aforementioned internal models takes into account, among other factors, the terms and conditions of the contracts and observable market data, such as interest rates, credit risk and volatility. The valuation models do not include significant levels of subjectivity, since these methodologies can be adjusted and calibrated, as appropriate, using the internal calculation of fair value and subsequently compared to the corresponding actively traded price. However, valuation adjustments may be necessary when the listed market prices are not available for comparison purposes.

 

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2.9. Clients and other receivables

Clients and other receivables are amounts due from customers for sales in the normal course of business. They are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method, less allowance for doubtful accounts. Trade receivables due in less than one year are carried at their face value at both initial recognition and subsequent measurement, provided that the effect of not discounting flows is not significant.

An allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded when there is objective evidence that the Company will not be able to recover all amounts due as per the original terms of the receivables.

2.10. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, cash in bank and other highly-liquid current investments with an original maturity of three months or less which are held for the purpose of meeting short-term cash commitments.

2.11. Grants

Grants are recognized at fair value when it is considered that there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and that the necessary qualifying conditions, as agreed with the entity assigning the grant, will be adequately complied with.

Grants are recorded as liabilities in the combined statement of financial position and are recognized in “Other operating income” in the combined income statement based on the period necessary to match them with the costs they intend to compensate.

In addition, as described in note 2.12 below, grants correspond also to loans with interest rates below market rates, for the initial difference between the fair value of the loan and the proceeds received.

2.12. Loans and borrowings

Loans and borrowings are initially recognized at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost and any difference between the proceeds initially received (net of transaction costs incurred in obtaining such proceeds) and the repayment value is recognized in the combined income statement over the duration of the borrowing using the effective interest rate method.

Loans with interest rates below market rates are initially recognized at fair value in liabilities and the difference between proceeds received from the loan and its fair value is initially recorded within “Grants and Other liabilities” in the combined statement of financial position, and subsequently recorded in “Other operating income” in the combined income statement when the costs financed with the loan are expensed.

2.13. Bonds and notes

The Company initially recognizes ordinary notes at fair value, net of issuance costs incurred. Subsequently, notes are measured at amortized cost until settlement upon maturity. Any other difference between the proceeds obtained (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognized in the combined income statement over the term of the debt using the effective interest rate method.

2.14. Income taxes

Current income tax expense is calculated on the basis of the tax laws in force as of the date of the combined statement of financial position in the countries in which the subsidiaries and associates operate and generate taxable income.

 

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Deferred income tax is calculated in accordance with the liability method, based upon the temporary differences arising between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities and their tax base. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates and regulations which are expected to apply at the time when the deferred tax is realized.

Deferred tax assets are recognized only when it is probable that sufficient future taxable profit will be available to use deferred tax assets.

2.15. Trade payables and other liabilities

Trade payables are obligations arising from purchases of goods and services in the ordinary course of business and are recognized initially at fair value and are subsequently measured at their amortized cost using the effective interest method. Other liabilities are obligations not arising in the normal course of business and which are not treated as financing transactions. Advances received from customers are recognized as “Trade payables and other current liabilities”.

2.16. Foreign currency transactions

The combined financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars, which is Abengoa Yield functional and reporting currency. Financial statements of each subsidiary within the Company are measured in the currency of the principal economic environment in which the subsidiary operates, which is the subsidiary’s functional currency.

Transactions denominated in a currency different from the subsidiary’s functional currency are translated into the subsidiary’s functional currency applying the exchange rates in force at the time of the transactions. Foreign currency gains and losses that result from the settlement of these transactions and the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency at the year-end rates are recognized in the combined income statement, unless they are deferred in equity, as occurs with cash flow hedges and net investment in foreign operations hedges.

Assets and liabilities of subsidiaries with a functional currency different from the Company’s reporting currency are translated to U.S. dollars at the exchange rate in force at the closing date of the financial statements. Income and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars using the average annual exchange rate, which does not differ significantly from using the exchange rates of the dates of each transaction. The difference between equity translated at the historical exchange rate and the net financial position that results from translating the assets and liabilities at the closing rate is recorded in equity under the heading “Accumulated currency translation differences”.

Results of companies carried under the equity method are translated at the average annual exchange rate.

2.17. Equity

Given that the Company is not an existing legal entity, legal share capital does not exist for these combined financial statements as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and cannot be presented separately in Equity.

The Company has recyclable balances in its equity, corresponding mainly to hedge reserves and translation differences arising from currency conversion in the preparation of these combined financial statements. These balances have been presented separately in Equity.

Non-controlling interest represents interest from other partners in entities included in these combined financial statements which are not fully owned by Abengoa as of the dates presented.

Other Equity represents the Parent’s net investment in the entities included in these combined financial statements.

 

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2.18. Provisions and contingencies

Provisions are recognized when:

 

   

there is a present obligation, either legal or constructive, as a result of past events;

 

   

it is more likely than not that there will be a future outflow of resources to settle the obligation; and

 

   

the amount has been reliably estimated.

Provisions are initially measured at the present value of the expected outflows required to settle the obligation and subsequently valued at amortized cost following the effective interest method. The balance of Provisions disclosed in the Notes reflects management’s best estimate of the potential exposure as of the date of preparation of the Combined Financial Statements.

Contingent liabilities are possible obligations, existing obligations with low probability of a future outflow of economic resources and existing obligations where the future outflow cannot be reliably estimated. Contingences are not recognized in the Combined Statements of Financial Position unless they have been acquired in a business combination.

Some companies included in the combined group have dismantling provisions, which are intended to cover future expenditures related to the dismantlement of the solar plants and it will be likely to be settled with an outflow of resources in the long term (over 5 years)

Such provisions are accrued when the obligation for dismantling, removing and restoring the site on which the plant is located, is incurred, which is usually during the construction period. The provision is measured in accordance with IAS 37, Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets and is recorded as a liability under the heading “Grants and other liabilities” of the Financial Statements, and as part of the cost of the plant under the heading “Contracted concessional assets.”

2.19. Use of estimates

Some of the accounting policies applied require the application of significant judgment by management to select the appropriate assumptions to determine these estimates. These assumptions and estimates are based on our historical experience, advice from experienced consultants, forecasts and other circumstances and expectations as of the close of the financial period. The assessment is considered in relation to the global economic situation of the industries and regions where the Company operates, taking into account future development of our businesses. By their nature, these judgments are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty; therefore, actual results could materially differ from the estimates and assumptions used. In such cases, the carrying values of assets and liabilities are adjusted.

The most critical accounting policies, which reflect significant management estimates and judgment to determine amounts in our consolidated financial statements, are as follows:

 

   

Contracted concesional agreements.

 

   

Impairment of intangible assets.

 

   

Assessment of control.

 

   

Derivative financial instruments and fair value estimates.

 

   

Income taxes and recoverable amount of deferred tax assets.

As of the date of preparation of these combined financial statements, no relevant changes in the estimates made are anticipated and, therefore, no significant changes in the value of the assets and liabilities recognized at December 31, 2013, are expected.

 

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Although these estimates and assumptions are being made using all available facts and circumstances, it is possible that future events may require management to amend such estimates and assumptions in future periods. Changes in accounting estimates are recognized prospectively, in accordance with IAS 8, in the combined income statement of the year in which the change occurs.

Note 3.- Financial risk management

Abengoa Yield’s activities are exposed to various financial risks: market risk (including currency risk and interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. Risk is managed by the Company’s Risk Management and Finance Department, which are responsible for identifying and evaluating financial risks quantifying them by project, region and company, in accordance with mandatory internal management rules. Written internal policies exist for global risk management, as well as for specific areas of risk. In addition, there are official written management regulations regarding key controls and control procedures for each company and the implementation of these controls is monitored through internal audit procedures.

 

a)

Market risk

The Company is exposed to market risk, such as movement in foreign exchange rates and interest rates. All of these market risks arise in the normal course of business and we do not carry out speculative operations. For the purpose of managing these risks, we use a series of swaps and options on interest rates. None of the derivative contracts signed has an unlimited lose exposure.

 

   

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk arises when the Company’s activities are exposed to changes in foreign interest rates, which arises from financial liabilities at variable interest rates. The main interest rate exposure for the Company relates to the variable interest rate with reference to the Libor and Euribor. To minimize the interest rate risk, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps and interest rate options (caps), which, in exchange for a fee, offer protection against an increase in interest rates. The Company does not use derivatives for speculative purposes.

As a result, the notional amounts hedged, strikes contracted and maturities, depending on the characteristics of the debt on which the interest rate risk is being hedged, are very diverse, including the following:

 

  1)

Non-recourse debt in U.S. dollars: between 75% and 100% of the notional amount, maturities until 2028 average guaranteed interest rates of between 2.515% and 3.787%.

 

  2)

Non-recourse debt in euro: between 80% and 100% of the notional amount, maturities until 2030 and average guaranteed interest rates of between 0.75% and 3.75%.

In connection with our interest rate derivative positions, the most significant impacts on our combined financial statements are derived from the changes in EURIBOR or LIBOR, which represent the reference interest rate for the majority of our debt. In the event that Euribor and Libor had risen by 25 basis points as of December 31, 2013, with the rest of the variables remaining constant, the effect in the combined income statement would have been a loss of $ 195 thousand (a profit of $296 thousand in 2012) and an increase in hedging reserves of $16.328 thousand ($24,040 thousand in 2012). The increase in hedging reserves would be mainly due to an increase in the fair value of interest rate swaps designated as hedges.

A breakdown of the interest rates derivatives as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, is provided in note 9.

 

   

Currency risk

The main cash flows in the entities included in these combined financial statements are cash collections arising from long-term contracts with clients and debt payments arising from project finance repayment. Given that financing of the projects is always closed in the same currency in which the contract with client is signed, natural hedge exists for the main operations of the Company.

 

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b)

Credit risk

The company considers that it has a limited credit risk with clients as revenues derive from power purchase agreements with electric utilities and state-owned entities.

 

c)

Liquidity risk

Abengoa Yield’s liquidity and financing policy is intended to ensure that the Company maintains sufficient funds to meet our financial obligations as they fall due.

Project finance borrowing permits the Company to finance the project through non-recourse debt and thereby insulate the rest of its assets from such credit exposure. The Company incurs in project-finance debt on a project-by-project basis.

The repayment profile of each project is established on the basis of the projected cash flow generation of the business. This ensures that sufficient financing is available to meet deadlines and maturities, which mitigates the liquidity risk significantly.

Note 4.- Financial information by segment

Abengoa Yield’s segment structure reflects how management currently makes financial decisions and allocates resources. Its operating segments are based on the following geographies where the contracted concessional assets are located:

 

   

North America

 

   

South America

 

   

Europe

Based on the type of business, the Company has identified the following business sectors:

Renewable energy: Our renewable energy assets include two CSP plants in the United States, Solana and Mojave, each with a gross capacity of 280 MW and located in Arizona and California, respectively. Solana reached COD on October 9, 2013, and Mojave has substantially completed construction and is in operation test stage, with expected COD by November 2014. Additionally, we own a wind farm in Uruguay, Palmatir, with a gross capacity of 50 MW. Palmatir reached COD in May 2014. Finally, Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 are two CSP plants located in Spain. Both projects have been in operation since mid-2012 and receive regulated revenues under the framework for renewable projects in Spain.

Conventional power : Our conventional power asset consist of ACT, a 300 MW cogeneration plant in Mexico, which is party to a 20-year take-or-pay contract with Pemex for the sale of electric power and steam.

Electric transmission lines : Our electric transmission assets include (i) two lines in Peru, ATN, and ATS, spanning a total of 931 miles; (ii) three lines in Chile, Quadra 1, Quadra 2 and Palmucho, spanning a total of 87 miles. ATN reached COD in 2011 and ATS reached COD on January 17, 2014. Quadra 1 and Quadra 2 have been in operation since February 2014. Palmucho reached COD in October 2007.

Abengoa Yields’ Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) assesses the performance and assignment of resources according to the identified operating segments. The CODM considers the revenues as a measure of the business activity and Adjusted EBITDA (earnings before interest, tax, share of (loss)/profit of associates, depreciation amortization and impairment) as measure of the performance of each segment. In order to assess performance of the business, the CODM receives reports of each reportable segment using revenues and Adjusted EBITDA. Net interest expense evolution is assessed on a consolidated basis. Financial expense and amortization are not taken into consideration by CODM for the allocation of resources.

 

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  a)

The following tables show Revenues and Adjusted EBITDA by operating segments and business sectors for the years 2013 and 2012:

 

Geography

   Revenue      Adjusted
EBITDA
 
   2013      2012      2013      2012  

North America

   $ 113,998       $ 62,268       $ 96,712       $ 61,106   

South America

     25,392         16,986         18,979         10,191   

Europe

     71,517         27,929         42,838         16,670   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 210,907       $ 107,183       $ 158,529       $ 87,967   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

Business Sectors

   Revenue      Adjusted
EBITDA
 
   2013      2012      2013      2012  

Renewable energy

   $ 82,714       $ 27,929       $ 55,797       $ 16,121   

Conventional power

     102,801         62,268         83,277         61,106   

Electric transmission lines

     25,392         16,986         19,455         10,740   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 210,907       $ 107,183       $ 158,529       $ 87,967   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The reconciliation of segment Adjusted EBITDA with the profit/(loss) attributable to the Company is as follows:

 

Line item

   For the
year ended
12.31.13
    For the
year ended
12.31.12
 

Total segment Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 158,529      $ 87,967   

Depreciation, amortization, and impairment charges

     (46,943     (20,234

Financial expense, net

     (125,219     (63,167

Share in profits/(losses) associates

     13        (404

Income tax

     11,762        (4,021

Profit attributable to non-controlling interests

     (1,559     1,195   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit attributable to the Company

   $ (3,417   $ 1,336   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

  b)

The long term assets and liabilities by operating segments (and business sector) at the end of 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

Assets and liabilities by geography as of December 31, 2013:

 

Item

   North
America
     South
America
     Europe      Balance as of
12.31.13
 

Assets allocated

           

Contracted concessional assets

   $ 2,678,436       $ 1,034,768       $ 704,916       $ 4,418,120   

Investments carried under the equity method

     387,324         —           —           387,324   

Current financial investments

     230,046         36,317         —           266,363   

Cash and cash equivalents

     206,298         86,681         64,685         357,664   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

   $ 3,502,104       $ 1,157,766       $ 769,601       $ 5,429,471   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated assets

           

Other non-current assets

              81,636   

Other current assets

              102,841   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

            $ 184,477   
           

 

 

 

Total assets

            $ 5,613,948   
           

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

Item

   North
America
     South
America
     Europe      Balance as of
12.31.13
 

Liabilities allocated

           

Long-term and short-term non-recourse project financing

   $ 1,842,817       $ 605,397       $ 446,436       $ 2,894,650   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

   $ 1,842,817       $ 605,397       $ 446,436       $ 2,894,650   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated liabilities

           

Other non-current liabilities

              1,209,497   

Other current liabilities

              222,603   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

            $ 1,432,100   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities

            $ 4,326,750   
           

 

 

 

Equity unallocated

            $ 1,287,198   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity unallocated

            $ 2,719,298   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

            $ 5,613,948   
           

 

 

 

Assets and liabilities by geography as of December 31, 2012:

 

Item

   North
America
     South
America
     Europe      Balance as of
12.31.12
 

Assets allocated

           

Contracted concessional assets

   $ 570,198       $ 780,939       $ 707,804       $ 2,058,941   

Investments carried under the equity method

     734,083         —           —           734,083   

Current financial investments

     47,607         28,432         51,608         127,647   

Cash and cash equivalents

     8,967         55,538         32,994         97,499   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

   $ 1,360,855       $ 864,909       $ 779,406       $ 3,018,170   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated assets

           

Other non-current assets

            $ 73,847   
           

 

 

 

Other current assets

            $ 106,077   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

            $ 179,924   
           

 

 

 

Total assets

            $ 3,198,094   
           

 

 

 

 

Item

   North
America
     South
America
     Europe      Balance as of
12.31.12
 

Liabilities allocated

           

Long-term and short-term non-recourse project financing

   $ 489,084       $ 417,266       $ 462,559       $ 1,368,909   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

   $ 489,084       $ 417,266       $ 462,559       $ 1,368,909   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated liabilities

           

Other non-current liabilities

              502,194   

Other current liabilities

              187,182   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

            $ 689,376   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities

            $ 2,058,285   
           

 

 

 

Equity unallocated

            $ 1,139,809   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity unallocated

            $ 1,829,185   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

            $ 3,198,094   
           

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

Assets and liabilities by business sectors as of December 31, 2013:

 

Item

   Renewable
energy
     Conventional
power
     Electric
transmission
lines
     Balance as of
12.31.13
 

Assets allocated

           

Contracted concessional assets

   $ 2,888,622       $ 635,849       $ 893,649       $ 4,418,120   

Investments carried under the equity method

     387,324         —           —           387,324   

Current financial investments

     122,795         107,255         36,313         266,363   

Cash and cash equivalents

     90,395         186,078         81,191         357,664   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

   $ 3,489,136       $ 929,182       $ 1,011,153       $ 5,429,471   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated assets

           

Other non-current assets

              81,636   

Other current assets

              102,841   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

            $ 184,477   
           

 

 

 

Total assets

            $ 5,613,948   
           

 

 

 

 

Item

   Renewable
energy
     Conventional
power
     Electric
transmission
lines
     Balance as of
12.31.13
 

Liabilities allocated

           

Long-term and short-term non-recourse project financing

   $ 1,667,174       $ 729,318       $ 498,158       $ 2,894,650   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

   $ 1,667,174       $ 729,318       $ 498,158       $ 2,894,650   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated liabilities

           

Other non-current liabilities

              1,209,497   

Other current liabilities

              222,603   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

            $ 1,432,100   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities

            $ 4,326,750   
           

 

 

 

Equity unallocated

            $ 1,287,198   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity unallocated

            $ 2,719,298   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

            $ 5,613,948   
           

 

 

 

Assets and liabilities by business sectors as of December 31, 2012:

 

Item

   Renewable
energy
     Conventional
power
     Electric
transmission
lines
     Balance as of
12.31.12
 

Assets allocated

           

Contracted concessional assets

   $ 757,626       $ 570,198       $ 731,117       $ 2,058,941   

Investments carried under the equity method

     734,083         —           —           734,083   

Current financial investments

     51,608         47,607         28,432         127,647   

Cash and cash equivalents

     33,181         8,967         55,351         97,499   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

   $ 1,576,498       $ 626,772       $ 814,900       $ 3,018,170   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated assets

           

Other non-current assets

              73,847   

Other current assets

              106,077   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

            $ 179,924   
           

 

 

 

Total assets

            $ 3,198,094   
           

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

Item

   Renewable
energy
     Conventional
power
     Electric
transmission
lines
     Balance as of
12.31.12
 

Liabilities allocated

           

Long-term and short-term non-recourse project financing

   $ 511,077       $ 489,085       $ 368,747       $ 1,368,909   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal allocated

   $ 511,077       $ 489,085       $ 368,747       $ 1,368,909   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Unallocated liabilities

           

Other non-current liabilities

              502,194   

Other current liabilities

              187,182   
           

 

 

 

Subtotal unallocated

            $ 689,376   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities

            $ 2,058,285   
           

 

 

 

Equity unallocated

            $ 1,139,809   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity unallocated

            $ 1,829,185   
           

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

            $ 3,198,094   
           

 

 

 

 

  c)

The investment in contracted concessional assets and in entities under the equity method by operating segments and business sectors for the years 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

 

Geography

   Capex  
   2013      2012  

North America

   $ 347,397       $ 628,011   

South America

     294,658         293,909   

Europe

     262         150,851   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 642,317       $ 1,072,771   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

Business sectors

   Capex  
   2013      2012  

Renewable energy

   $ 323,251       $ 753,878   

Conventional power

     106,757         73,735   

Electric transmission lines

     212,309         245,158   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 642,317       $ 1,072,771   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  d)

The amount of depreciation and amortization expense recognized for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, are as follows

 

Depreciation and amortization by geography

  

Year ended December 31,

 
  

     2013     

   

     2012     

 

North America

   $ (16,182   $ —     

South America

     (10,853     (10,871

Europe

     (19,908     (9,363
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ (46,943   $ (20,234
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization by business sectors

   Year ended December 31,  
       2013             2012      

Renewable energy

   $ (36,090   $ (9,363

Conventional power

     —          —     

Electric transmission lines

     (10,853     (10,871
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ (46,943   $ (20,234
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Note 5.- Changes in the scope of the combined financial statements

On October 13, 2013, Arizona Solar One, LLC, the Company that holds the assets in Solana, which was recorded under the equity method during its construction period, entered into operation and started to be fully consolidated once control over this company was gained.

The Company reassesses whether or not it controls an investee when facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to the elements that determine control (power over the investee, exposure to variable returns of the investee and ability to use its power to affect its returns). The Company concluded that during the construction phase of Solana plant all the relevant decisions were subject to the control and approval of a third party . As a result, the Company did not have control over these assets during this period. IFRS 10 (B80) establishes that control requires a continuous assessment and that the Company shall reassess if it controls on investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to the elements of control. Once the project entered into operation, the decision making process changed such that the Company makes decisions about the relevant activities of the investee, the investee was controlled and it started to be fully consolidated.

As during the construction period the assets were included in the investee’s accounts under the scope of IFRIC 12, the book value of the combined assets and liabilities is the same as its fair value. The amount of assets and liabilities integrated is shown in the following table:

 

     As of October 13,
2013
 

Current assets

   $ 10,494   

Contracted concessional assets (note 6)

     2,027,642   

Other current and non-current assets

     18,931   

Non-recourse project financing (note 13)

     (1,035,681

Other current and non-current liabilities

     (433,974

Book value of previously held interest (note 7)

     (587,412
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ —     
  

 

 

 

The results of operations of Arizona Solar One have been included in the Company’s renewable energy activities from the date in which it started to be fully consolidated.

Note 6.- Contracted concessional assets

 

  a)

The following table shows the movements of contracted concessional assets included in the heading ‘Contracted Concessional assets’ for 2013:

 

Cost

   Total  

Total as of January 1, 2013

   $ 2,085,032   

Additions

     401,676   

Translation differences

     29,987   

Change in the scope of the combined financial statements (note 5)

     2,027,642   

Reclassifications and other movements

     (52,051
  

 

 

 

Total as of December 31, 2013

   $ 4,492,286   
  

 

 

 

Accumulated amortization

   Total  

Total as of January 1, 2013

   $ (26,091

Additions

     (46,943

Translation differences

     (1,132
  

 

 

 

Total accum. amort. as of December 31, 2013

   $ (74,166
  

 

 

 

Net balance at December 31, 2013

   $ 4,418,120   
  

 

 

 

 

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During 2013 contracted concessional assets increased mainly due to the full consolidation of Arizona Solar One, company that holds the Solana plant, once control over the company was gained with the entry into operation of the plant (see note 5).

In addition, contracted concessional assets increased due to the construction of contracted concessions which were not yet in operation, mainly the cogeneration plant in Mexico ($107 million), electric transmission lines in Peru ($158 million), electric transmission lines in Chile ($54 million) and Palmatir wind farm in Uruguay ($82 million). No losses from impairment of ‘Contracted concessional assets in projects’ were recorded during 2013.

The decrease included in “reclassification and other movements” is mainly due to the reclassification from the long to the short term, of the current portion of the contracted concessional financial assets (see note 23).

As of December 31, 2013, contracted concessional financial assets amount to $722,989 thousand.

 

  b)

The following table shows the movements of contracted concessional assets included in the heading ‘Contracted concessional assets’ for 2012:

 

Cost

   Total  

Total as of January 1, 2012

   $ 1,552,409   

Additions

     518,495   

Translation differences

     14,608   

Reclassifications and other movements

     (480
  

 

 

 

Total as of December 31, 2012

   $ 2,085,032   
  

 

 

 

Accumulated amortization

   Total  

Total as of January 1, 2012

   $ (5,614

Additions

     (20,234

Translation differences

     (243
  

 

 

 

Total accum. amort. as of December 31, 2012

   $ (26,091
  

 

 

 

Net balance at December 31, 2012

   $ 2,058,941   
  

 

 

 

During 2012 contracted concessional assets increased due to the construction of contracted concessions which were not yet in operation, mainly CSP plants in Spain ($142 million), as well as the cogeneration plant in Mexico ($73 million) and electric transmission lines in Peru ($215 million).

No losses from impairment of ‘Contracted concessional assets in projects’ were recorded during 2012.

As of December 31, 2012, contracted concessional financial assets amount to $ 608,717 thousand.

 

  c)

Capitalized interest cost for the year ended December 31, 2013, amounts to $101,218 thousand ($79,938 thousand in 2012).

 

  d)

There are no intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. There are no intangible assets restricted for use or pledged as security for liabilities.

For further details of projects subject to the application of IFRIC 12, please see Appendix III.

 

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Note 7.- Investments carried under the equity method

The table below shows the breakdown and the movement of the investments held in associates for 2013 and 2012:

 

Investments in associates

   2013     2012  

Initial balance

   $ 734,083      $ 180,210   

Capital contributions

     240,639        554,276   

Change in the scope of the combined financial statements (note 5)

     (587,412     —     

Share of (loss)/profit

     13        (404
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Final balance

   $ 387,324      $ 734,083   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The decrease in 2013 is due to the entity Arizona Solar One, which is fully consolidated since the plant entered into operation in October 2013 (see note 5).

The increase in 2013 and 2012 was due to the equity contribution to Arizona Solar One, and Mojave Solar.

The tables below show a breakdown of assets, revenues and profit and loss as well as other information of interest for the years 2013 and 2012 of the associated companies:

 

Company

 

% Shares

    Non-
current
assets
    Current
assets
    Non-
current
liabilities
    Current
liabilities
    Revenue     Operating
profit/
(loss)
    Net
profit/
(loss)
    Investment
under the
equity
method
 

Mojave Solar LLC

    100.00      $ 1,450,923      $ 22,347      $ 1,034,729      $ 57,293      $ —        $ (132   $ 13      $ 381,248   

Evacucion Valdecaballeros, S.L.

    28.56        28,041        2,588        368        421        452        (854     (664     6,076   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2013

    $ 1,478,964      $ 24,935      $ 1,035,097      $ 57,714      $ 452      $ (986   $ (651   $ 387,324   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Company

  % Shares     Non-
current
assets
    Current
assets
    Non-
current
liabilities
    Current
liabilities
    Revenue     Operating
profit/
(loss)
    Net
profit/
(loss)
    Investment
under the
equity
method
 

Arizona Solar One LLC

    100.00      $ 1,802,307      $ 10,615      $ 1,195,682      $ 110,061      $ —        $ (75   $ (50   $ 507,179   

Mojave Solar LLC

    100.00        1,179,511        100        657,276        301,507        —          (354     (354     220,828   

Evacucion Valdecaballeros, S.L.

    28.56        25,008        5,495        340        957        87        (309     (336     6,076   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012

    $ 3,006,826      $ 16,210      $ 1,853,298      $ 412,525      $ 87      $ (738 )     $ (740 )     $ 734,083   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

None of the associated companies referred to above is a listed company.

 

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Note 8.- Financial instruments by category

Financial instruments are primarily deposits, derivatives, trade and other receivables and loans. Financial instruments by category (current and non-current), reconciled with the statement of financial position, are as follows:

 

Category

   Notes    Loans and
receivables /
payables
     Hedging
derivatives
     Balance as of
12.31.13
 

Derivative assets

   9    $ —         $ 13,622       $ 13,622   

Financial accounts receivables

        281,593         —           281,593   

Clients and other receivables

   11      97,597         —           97,597   

Cash and cash equivalents

   12      357,664         —           357,664   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Financial assets

      $ 736,854       $ 13,622       $ 750,476   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Non-recourse financing

   13      2,894,650         —           2,894,650   

Related parties

   10      492,534         —           492,534   

Trade payables and other current liabilities

   15      204,013         —           204,013   

Derivative liabilities

   9      —           44,221         44,221   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Financial liabilities

      $ 3,591,197       $ 44,221       $ 3,635,418   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

Category

   Notes    Loans and
receivables /
payables
     Hedging
derivatives
     Balance as of
12.31.12
 

Derivative assets

   9    $ —         $ 5,604       $ 5,604   

Financial accounts receivables

        135,648         —           135,648   

Clients and other receivables

   11      106,077         —           106,077   

Cash and cash equivalents

   12      97,499         —           97,499   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Financial assets

      $ 339,224       $ 5,604       $ 344,828   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Non-recourse financing

   13      1,368,909         —           1,368,909   

Related parties

   10      222,946         —           222,946   

Trade payables and other current liabilities

   15      186,048         —           186,048   

Derivative liabilities

   9      —           134,673         134,673   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Financial liabilities

      $ 1,777,903       $ 134,673       $ 1,912,576   
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, all the financial instruments measured at fair value have been classified as Level 2.

Financial accounts receivable include the short-term portion of contracted concessional assets (see Note 6).

Note 9.- Derivative financial instruments

The breakdowns of the fair value amount of the derivative financial instruments as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

 

Concept

   Balance as of
12.31.13
     Balance as of
12.31.12
 
     Assets      Liabilities      Assets      Liabilities  

Interest rate derivatives – cash flow hedge

   $ 13,622       $ 44,221       $ 5,604       $ 134,673   

All the derivatives are interest rate cash-flow hedges. All are classified as non-current assets or non-current liabilities, as they hedge long-term financing agreements.

 

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As stated in note 3 to these combined financial statements, the general policy is to hedge variable interest rates of financing agreements purchasing call options (caps) in exchange of a premium to fix the maximum interest rate cost and floating to fixed interest rate swaps.

As a result, the notional amounts hedged, strikes contracted and maturities, depending on the characteristics of the debt on which the interest rate risk is being hedged, can be diverse:

 

   

Non-recourse financing in Euros: we hedge between 80% and 100% of the notional amount, maturities until 2030 and average guaranteed interest rates of between 0.75 % and 3.75%.

 

   

Non-recourse financing in U.S. dollars: we hedge between 75% and 100% of the notional amount, including maturities until 2028 and average guaranteed interest rates of between 2.515% and 3.787%.

The table below shows a breakdown of the maturities of notional amounts of interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges as of December 31, 2013 and 2012.

 

Notionals

   Balance as of
12.31.13
     Balance as of
12.31.12
 
   Cap      Swap      Cap      Swap  

Up to 1 year

   $ 9,178       $ 25,303       $ 5,006       $ 124,987   

Between 1 and 2 years

     9,581         29,840         7,473         22,530   

Between 2 and 3 years

     10,378         36,839         7,987         24,583   

Subsequent years

     231,694         682,384         203,095         751,581   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 260,831       $ 774,366       $ 223,561       $ 923,681   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The table below shows a breakdown of the maturity of the fair values of interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges as of December 31, 2013 and 2012. The net position of the fair value of caps and swaps for each year end reconciles with the net position of derivative assets and derivative liabilities in the combined statement of financial position:

 

Fair value

   Balance as of
12.31.13
    Balance as of
12.31.12
 
   Cap      Swap     Cap      Swap  

Up to 1 year

   $ 290       $ (4,537   $ 56       $ (20,145

Between 1 and 2 years

     310         (4,236     187         (16,137

Between 2 and 3 years

     334         (3,940     200         (14,121

Subsequent years

     10,799         (29,619     5,161         (84,270
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 11,733       $ (42,332   $ 5,604       $ (134,673
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

The net amount of the fair value of interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges transferred to the combined income statement is a loss of $27,513 thousand (loss of $5,916 thousand in 2012). The amount of 2013 includes $8,785 thousand which corresponds to a one-time loss caused by the transfer to the income statement of the entire accumulated amount in equity as the hedged financing agreement was cancelled and replaced by a new financing. Additionally, the net amount of the time value component of the cash flow derivatives fair value recognized in the combined income statement for the years 2013 and 2012 has been a gain of $513 thousand and a loss of $1,007 thousand respectively.

The after-tax losses accumulated in equity in connection with derivatives designated as cash flow hedges at the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, amount to $36,600 thousand and $103,547 thousand respectively.

Note 10.- Related parties

During the normal course of business, the Company has conducted operations with related parties (Abengoa´s companies), mainly through loan contracts and advisory services. The transactions were completed at market rates.

 

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Services agreements

Certain combined entities have entered into one-year contractual arrangements with Abengoa from which the Company receives certain administrative services. Such services include general services related to supporting functions such as financing, human resources management, and administration. The fee incurred by the operating companies is based on anticipated annual sales.

In addition, other operating expenses include an allocation of certain general and administrative services provided by Abengoa. Allocated costs include general and administrative costs deemed allocable to the Company. Measurement of allocated costs is based principally on time devoted to the Company by employees of Abengoa. The Company believes that including the allocated costs, the combined statements of operations include a reasonable estimate of actual costs incurred to operate the business.

Furthermore, some of the entities included in these combined financial statements receive engineering, procurement, construction operation and maintenance services from related parties for those concessions which are still under construction.

Credit agreements

Abengoa maintains a pooled central treasury account in which all of its subsidiaries deposit excess funds and may borrow funds from as needed. Under this arrangement, the combined entities could borrow funds from Abengoa. Borrowings under this credit arrangement have borne interest at 10.05% and 8.96% in 2013 and 2012 respectively.The contracts are long terms as agreed between the parties.

In addition, some entities included in the Company have incurred in long-term subordinated debt with related parties.

Details of balances with related parties as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2013      2012  

Trade payables (current)

   $ 25,077       $ 55,558   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current payables with related parties

   $ 25,077       $ 55,558   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Trade payables (non-current)

     5,107         3,343   

Credit payables (non-current)

     487,427         219,603   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-current payables with related parties

   $ 492,534       $ 222,946   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The operations carried out by entities included in these combined financial statements with Abengoa and with subsidiaries of Abengoa not included in the combined group during 2013 and 2012 have been as follows:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2013     2012  

Sales

   $ 11,925      $ 5,089   

Construction costs

     (364,715     (558,620

Services rendered

     2,804        3,527   

Services received

     (24,403     (8,742

Purchases

     (2,669     (177

Financial income

     468        575   

Financial expenses

     (11,209     (4,525

Services include operation and maintenance services received by some plants, the fee incurred by some operating under the services agreement with Abengoa, and the allocation of general and administrative services explained above. Sales include mainly sale of energy by Spanish CSP plants.

 

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Construction costs include construction work subcontracted to Abengoa for the construction of the assets, which is recorded in these combined financial statements due to the fact that contracted concessional assets are included in the combined financial statements during the construction phase, according to IFRIC 12.

Note 11.- Clients and other receivable

Clients and other receivable as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, consist of the following:

 

Item

   Balance as
of 12.31.13
     Balance as
of 12.31.12
 

Trade receivables

   $ 26,649       $ 11,194   

Tax receivables

     61,888         81,595   

Other debtors

     9,060         13,288   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 97,597       $ 106,077   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the fair value of clients and other receivable accounts does not differ significantly from its carrying value.

Trade receivables according to foreign currency as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, are as follows:

 

Currency

   Balance as
of 12.31.13
     Balance as
of 12.31.12
 

Euro

   $ 5,409       $ 7,369   

Peruvian Sol

     —          3,825   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 5,409       $ 11,194   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table shows the maturity of Trade receivables as of December 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

Maturity

   Balance as
of 12.31.13
     Balance as
of 12.31.12
 

Up to 3 months

   $ 26,649       $ 11,162   

Between 3 and 6 months

     —           32   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 26,649       $ 11,194   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Note 12.- Cash and cash equivalents

The following table shows the detail of Cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

Concept

   Balance as
of 12.31.13
     Balance as
of 12.31.12
 

Cash at bank and on hand

   $ 351,042       $ 88,535   

Bank deposits

     6,622         8,964   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 357,664       $ 97,499   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following breakdown shows the main currencies in which cash and cash equivalent balances are denominated:

 

Currency

   Balance as
of 12.31.13
     Balance as
of 12.31.12
 

U.S. dollar

   $ 289,172       $ 61,448   

Euro

     64,685         32,994   

Peruvian sol

     291         2,301   

Others

     3,516         756   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 357,664       $ 97,499   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Note 13.- Non-recourse financing (project financing)

The main purpose of the Company is the long-term ownership and management of contracted concessional assets, such as renewable energy, conventional power and electric transmission line assets, which are financed through non-recourse project finance. This note shows the non-recourse financing linked to the contracted concessional assets included in note 6 of these combined financial statements.

Non-recourse financing is generally used to finance our contracted assets, exclusively using as guarantee the assets and cash flows of the company or group of companies carrying out the activities financed. In most of the cases, the assets and/or contracts are set up as guarantee to ensure the repayment of the related financing.

Compared with corporate financing, non-recourse financing has certain key advantages, including a greater leverage period permitted and a clearly defined risk profile.

The movements for 2013 and 2012 of non-recourse financing have been as follows:

 

     Non-recourse
financing -

long term
    Non-recourse
financing -

short term
    Total  

Balance as of January 1, 2013

   $ 1,320,042      $ 48,867      $ 1,368,909   

Increases

     1,047,099        92,572        1,139,671   

Decreases (reimbursement)

     (589,203     (78,581     (667,784

Currency translation differences

     17,445        728        18,173   

Reclassifications

     399,254        (399,254     —     

Changes in the scope of the combined financial statements (note 5)

     647,701        387,980        1,035,681   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2013

   $ 2,842,338      $ 52,312      $ 2,894,650   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

During 2013, the increase in non-recourse financing was mainly due to drawings in connection with the construction of electric transmission lines in Peru and Chile ($220 million) and with the construction of ACT ($735 million). In addition, non-recourse financing increased due to the full consolidation of Arizona Solar One resulting from the business combination of the plant in October 2013 (see note 5).

A decrease also occurred mainly due to the cancellation of previous debt by ACT, with the new financing obtained as indicated above ($501 million).

 

     Non-recourse
financing -

long term
    Non-recourse
financing -

short term
    Total  

Balance as of January 1, 2012

   $ 1,003,239      $ 78,674      $ 1,081,913   

Increases

     338,830        720        339,550   

Decreases (reimbursement)

     (9,396     (52,224     (61,620

Currency translation differences

     8,714        352        9,066   

Reclassifications

     (21,345     21,345        —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2012

   $ 1,320,042      $ 48,867      $ 1,368,909   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The increase in 2012 was mainly due to drawings in connection with the construction of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 for $110 million, to the construction of ATN and ATS for $121 million, and ACT in Mexico for $60 million.

Within cash and cash equivalent and financial receivables (current), there are debt service reserve accounts in the amount of $70 million relating to project finance as of December 31, 2013, ($15 million as of December 31, 2012).

 

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The repayment schedule for non-recourse project financing, at the end of 2013 is as follows and is consistent with the projected cash flows of the related projects.

 

2014

 

2015

 

2016

 

2017

 

2018

 

Subsequent

years

 

Total

52,312

  166,821   86,710   92,190   340,518   2,156,099   2,894,650

In September 2013, ATN, Abengoa Transmision Norte, S.A. issued a total of US $110 million of ordinary bonds. The main use of proceeds was the repayment of the debt this company had with the BCP (Banco de Credito del Peru). The bonds bear fixed interest payable quarterly. From the total amount, $15 million mature in 2018, $50 million mature in 2028 (with a grace period of 5 years) and $45 million mature in 2039 (with a grace period of 15 years).

Non-recourse financing projects entered into in 2013 and 2012 (in millions of U.S. dollars) are as follows:

 

Project

   Year      Country      Amount
committed
     Amount
drawn
 

Abengoa Transmision Norte, S.A. (ATN)

     2013         Peru       $ 110       $ 110   

Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco, S. de R.L. de C.V. (ACT)

     2013         Mexico         660         660   
        

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total year 2013

         $ 770       $ 770   
        

 

 

    

 

 

 

Quadra I

     2012         Chile       $ 40         —     

Quadra II

     2012         Chile         34         —     

Abengoa Transmision Norte, S.A. (ATN)

     2012         Peru         90         84   
        

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total year 2012

         $ 164       $ 84   
        

 

 

    

 

 

 

Current and non-current loans with credit entities include amounts in foreign currencies for a total of $452,997 thousand ($468,369 thousand in 2012).

The equivalent in U.S. dollars of the most significant foreign-currency-denominated debts held by the Company is as follows:

 

Currency

  

Balance as
of 12.31.13

    

Balance as
of 12.31.12

 

Euro

   $ 446,436       $ 462,559   

Chilean peso

     6,561         5,810   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 452,997       $ 468,369   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

All of the Company’s financing agreements have a carrying amount close to its fair value.

Note 14.- Grants and other liabilities

 

Concept

   Balances as
of 12.31.13
     Balances as
of 12.31.12
 

Grants

   $ 416,264       $ —     

Long-term trade payables

     234,639         129,217   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Grants and other non-current liabilities

   $ 650,903       $ 129,217   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2013, the amount recorded in Grants corresponds mainly to loans with interest rates below market rates. Loans with the Federal Financing Bank guaranteed by the Department of Energy related to the Solana project bear interest at a rate below market rates for these types of projects and terms. The difference between proceeds received from these loans and its fair value, “Grants” is subsequently recorded in “Other operating income” starting at the entry into operation of the plant.

 

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The increase in Long-term trade payables was primarily due to the investment from Liberty Interactive Corporation (‘Liberty’) made on October 2, 2013 for an amount of $300 million. The investment was made in class A shares of Arizona Solar Holding, the holding of Solana CSP plant in the United States. Such investment was made in a tax equity partnership which permits the partners to have certain tax benefits such as accelerated depreciation and Investment Tax Credits (ITC).

According to the stipulations of IAS 32 and in spite of the fact that the investment of Liberty is in shares, it does not qualify as equity and has been classified as a liability as of December 31, 2013, the non-current portion of the liability is recorded in Grants and other liabilities for an amount of $235 million and its current portion is recorded in other current liabilities for the remaining amount. This liability has been initially valued at fair value, calculated as the present value of expected cash-flows during the useful life of the concession, and will be measured at amortized cost according with the effective interest method.

The control and management of the CSP plant is a responsibility of Abengoa and the plant is fully consolidated in these combined financial statements.

As of December 31, 2013, the fair value of this financial liability is close to its carrying amount.

Note 15.- Trade payables and other current liabilities

Trade payable and other current liabilities as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

 

Item

   Balance as
of 12.31.13
     Balance as
of 12.31.12
 

Trade suppliers

   $ 101,409       $ 111,781   

Credits for services

     18,484         7,745   

Down payments from clients

     4,711         4,248   

Remunerations payable

     144         124   

Suppliers of intangible assets current

     308         51,131   

Other accounts payable

     78,957         11,019   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 204,013       $ 186,048   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Nominal values of Trade payables and other current liabilities are considered to approximately equal to fair values and the effect of discounting them is not significant.

The table above includes amounts payable of $67 million at December 31, 2013, ($51 million in 2012) being ‘Confirming without recourse’ relating to various agreements entered into with a number of financial entities in which the Company receives ‘confirming’ services in connection with cash advances from trade receivables. There are linked cash and cash equivalents for an amount of $67 million at December 31, 2013, ($51 million in 2012 classified under the financial accounts receivable) over the abovementioned cash payments. Other account payable line includes the amount of $65 million related to the short term portion of Liberty´s investment (see note 14).

Note 16.- Income Tax

All the companies included in the Company file income taxes according to the tax regulations in force in each country on an individual basis or under consolidation tax regulations.

The combined income tax has been calculated as an aggregation of income tax expenses of each individual company. In order to calculate the taxable income of the combined entities individually, the accounting profit is adjusted for temporary and permanent differences, recording the corresponding deferred tax assets and liabilities. At each combined income statement date, a current tax asset or liability is recorded, representing income taxes

 

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currently refundable or payable. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial statement and income tax purposes, as determined under enacted tax laws and rates.

Income tax payable is the result of applying the applicable tax rate in force to each tax-paying entity, in accordance with the tax laws in force in the country in which the entity is registered. Additionally, tax deductions and credits are available to certain entities, primarily relating to inter-company trades and tax treaties between various countries to prevent double taxation.

As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the analysis of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities is as follows:

 

Concept

   Balance as
of 12.31.13
     Balance as
of 12.31.12
 

Tax credits for tax loss carryforwards

   $ 24,999       $ 3,720   

Tax credits for deductions pending application

     —           1,712   

Temporary differences derivatives financial instruments

     23,353         50,377   

Other

     4,432         4,433   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax assets

   $ 52,784       $ 60,242   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

Concept

   Balance as
of 12.31.13
     Balance as
of 12.31.12
 

Temporary differences tax amortization

   $ 19,048       $ 14,046   

Temporary differences derivatives financial instruments

     195         —     

Other temporary differences

     2,596         1,312   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

   $ 21,839       $ 15,358   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Most of the tax credits for net operating loss carryforwards correspond to Peru ($11 million) and ACT ($11 million).

In relation to tax loss carryforwards and deductions pending to be used recorded as deferred tax assets, the entities evaluate its recoverability projecting forecasted taxable income for the upcoming years and taking into account their tax planning strategy. Deferred tax liabilities reversals are also considered in these projections, as well as any limitation established by tax regulations in force in each tax jurisdiction.

The movements in deferred tax assets and liabilities during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, were as follows:

 

Deferred tax assets

   Amount  

As of January 1, 2012

   $ 44,115   

Increase/decrease through the combined income statement

     6,529   

Increase/decrease through other combined comprehensive income (equity)

     9,214   

Other movements

     384   
  

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012

   $ 60,242   
  

 

 

 

Increase/decrease through the combined income statement

     17,474   

Increase/decrease through other combined comprehensive income (equity)

     (26,715

Other movements

     1,783   
  

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2013

   $ 52,784   
  

 

 

 

 

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Deferred tax liabilities

   Amount  

As of January 1, 2012

   $ 4,652   

Increase/decrease through the combined income statement

     10,486   

Other movements

     220   
  

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012

   $ 15,358   
  

 

 

 

Increase/decrease through the combined income statement

     5,007   

Increase/decrease through other comprehensive income (equity)

     1,581   

Other movements

     (107
  

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2013

   $ 21,839   
  

 

 

 

Details regarding income tax for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, are as follows:

 

Item

   For the year
ended 12.31.13
    For the year
ended 12.31.12
 

Current tax

   $ (705   $ (64

Deferred tax

     12,467        (3,957
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total income tax benefit/(expense)

   $ 11,762      $ (4,021
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The reconciliation between the theoretical income tax resulting from applying an average statutory tax rate to income before income tax and the actual income tax expense recognized in the combined income statements for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, are as follows:

 

Concept

   For the year
ended 12.31.13
    For the year
ended 12.31.12
 

Combined profit before taxes

   $ (13,620   $ 4,162   

Regulatory tax rate

     30     30
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Corporate income tax at regulatory tax rate

   $ 4,086      $ (1,249
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income tax of associates, net

     4        (121

Differences in foreign tax rates

     340        (88

Permanent differences

     16,062        (3,882

Incentives, deductions, and tax losses carryforwards

     339        (233

Other non-taxable income/(expense)

     (9,069     1,552   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Corporate income tax

   $ 11,762      $ (4,021
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Permanent differences are mainly due to inflationary effects in ACT (Mexico). The heading ‘Other non-taxable income/(expense)’ corresponds mainly to US disregarded entities for tax purposes.

Note 17.- Third-party guarantees and commitments

Third-party guarantees

At the close of 2013 the overall sum of Bank Bond and Surety Insurance directly deposited by the Company as a guarantee to third parties (clients, financial entities and other third parties) amounted to $7,118 thousand attributed to operations of technical nature.

 

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Contractual obligations

The following table shows the breakdown of the third-party commitments and contractual obligations as of December 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

2013

   Total      2014      2015 and
2016
     2017 and
2018
     Subsequent  

Loans with credit institutions

   $ 2,786,093       $ 49,540       $ 247,654       $ 426,275       $ 2,062,624   

Notes and bonds

     108,558         2,772         5,877         6,434         93,475   

Purchase commitments

     1,132,137         48,556         109,654         115,953         857,968   

Accrued interest estimate during the useful life of loans

     1,318,097         97,431         193,226         189,272         838,168   

 

2012

   Total      2013      2014 and
2015
     2016 and
2017
     Subsequent  

Loans with credit institutions

   $ 1,368,909       $ 48,868       $ 134,870       $ 106,395       $ 1,078,776   

Purchase commitments

     361,982         89,026         26,413         29,687         216,856   

Accrued interest estimate during the useful life of loans

     925,106         58,421         169,642         189,882         507,161   

Note 18.- Other operating income and expenses

The table below shows the detail of Other Operating Income and Expenses for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

Other operating income

   For the year
ended 12.31.13
     For the year
ended 12.31.12
 

Grants

   $ 10,118       $ —     

Income from various services

     4,811         1,752   

Income from subcontracted construction services for our assets and concessions

     364,715         558,620   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 379,644       $ 560,372   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

Other operating expenses

   For the year
ended 12.31.13
    For the year
ended 12.31.12
 

Leases and fees

   $ (1,850   $ (405

Repairs and maintenance

     (12,753     (876

Independent professional services

     (22,579     (9,632

Transportation

     (437     (191

Supplies

     (3,322     (651

Other external services

     (5,479     (1,763

Duties

     (6,605     (437

Other expenses

     (3,165     (935

Constructions costs

     (364,715     (558,620
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ (420,905   $ (573,510
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from subcontracted construction services for our assets and concessions corresponds to income resulting from the construction of the contracted concessional assets. Entities included in these combined financial statements have signed with the grantor of the concession contracts for the construction, operation and maintenance and they subcontract the construction of the contracted assets to Abengoa. Given that these projects are included within the scope of IFRIC 12, the Company has recorded income to the construction in the combined income statement. Construction works were more intense during the year 2012, mainly due to costs

 

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incurred in construction of ACT, which entered into operation in 2013 and the construction of ATS, which was close to entry into operation in 2012. As a result income from construction decreased in 2013 with respect to 2012.

Other operating expenses include an allocation of certain general and administrative services provided by Abengoa. The Company believes that by including the allocated costs, the combined income statement includes a reasonable estimate of actual costs incurred to operate the business. However, such expenses may not be indicative of the actual level of expense that would have been incurred by the Predecessor if it had operated as an independent, publicly-traded company during the periods prior to the offering or of the costs expected to be incurred in the future.

Construction services are subcontracted to Abengoa and recorded in other operating expenses, Construction costs and their decrease has caused the decrease of other operating expenses in 2013 when compared with the previous year. This decrease has been partially offset by the increase in costs related to the entry into operation of Solana and ACT, and to a full year of operation of Solaben 2 and 3. Repairs and maintenance in 2013 mainly includes costs related to the maintenance of ACT in Mexico.

For the year ended December 31, 2013, other operating expenses have increased with respect to the same period of the previous year mainly due to the entering into operation of ACT, Solaben 2 and 3 and Solana.

Note 19.- Financial income and expenses

Financial income and expenses

The following table sets forth our financial income and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

Financial income

   For the year ended
12.31.13
    For the year ended
12.31.12
 

Interest income from loans and credits

   $ 640      $ 718   

Interest rates benefits derivatives: cash flow hedges

     513        —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ 1,153      $ 718   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial expenses

   For the year ended
12.31.13
    For the year ended
12.31.12
 

Expenses due to interest:

    

- Loans from credit entities

   $ (78,644   $ (53,633

- Other debts

     (17,113     (4,525

Interest rates losses derivatives: cash flow hedges

     (28,027     (5,946
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ (123,784   $ (64,104
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial expenses increased during the year 2013 primarily due to interest expense from loans and credits associated with projects that have entered into operation during the year (interest expense is capitalized during the construction period) and losses from interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges.

The main non-recourse projects that entered into operation during the year 2013 was ACT in Mexico and Arizona Solar One in North America, On the other hand, losses from interest-rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges for an amount of $28,027 thousand in 2013 are due to transfers from equity to financial expense when the hedged item is impacting the combined income statement and to a one – time loss of $8,785 thousand caused by the transfer to the income statement of all of the accumulated amount in equity as the hedged financing agreement of ATN was cancelled and replaced.

 

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Losses from interest rates cash flow hedges in 2012 are due to transfers from equity to financial expense and to a decrease in time value of the interest rate options of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 ($1,008 thousand).

Other net financial income and expenses

The following table sets out ‘Other net financial income and expenses’ in years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

Other financial income

   For the year ended
12.31.13
    For the year ended
12.31.12
 

Other financial income

   $ 618      $ 1,170   

Other financial losses

     (2,172     (1,256

Outsourcing of payables

     (139     (87
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ (1,693   $ (173
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

‘Other finance losses’ include in previous and current years financial expenses mainly related to financial guarantees and letters of credit, to wire transfers and other bank fees and other minor financial expenses.

Note 20.- Other information

20.1 Restricted Net assets

Certain of our combined entities are restricted from remitting certain funds to us in the form of cash dividends or loans by a variety of regulations, contractual or statutory requirements. These restrictions are related to standard requirements to maintain debt service coverage ratios. Also for certain project finance entities that are in construction, no dividends may be distributed until activity commences or, after construction completion, or payment of the first debt service. At December 31, 2013, the accumulated amount of the restrictions for the whole restricted term of these affiliates was $1,121 million. The company expects in the future to extract cash from the entities and to pay dividends to their shareholders. Taking into account only the companies which are in operation, the accumulated amount of restrictions amounts to $97 million.

The Company performed a test on the restricted net assets of combined subsidiaries in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-X Rule 4-08 (e) (3) ‘General Notes to Financial Statements’ and rule 5-04 (c) ‘what schedules are to be filed’ and concluded the restricted net assets exceed 25% of the combined net assets of the Company as of December 31, 2013. Therefore the separate condensed financial statements of Abengoa Yield, Ltd. should be presented (see Appendix IV (Schedule I) for details).

20.2 Subsequent events

After the end of the year 2013, following regulatory changes introduced in July 2013 by Royal Decree 9/2013, the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism submitted to the National Competition and Markets Commission for its consideration a draft of the ministerial order establishing the parameters in which to apply a new remuneration system to electricity-generation facilities using renewable energy sources in Spain, which include Solaben 2 and Solaben 3. This draft represents additional information regarding the new remuneration system. It includes the necessary parameters to estimate the impact of the new regulation on future cash flows of the abovementioned contracted assets, so therefore, we have taken this draft ministerial order into account when preparing these financial statements.

 

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Appendices

Appendix I

Entities included in the Company as subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013

 

Company name

  

Project name

  

Registered

address

   % of nominal
share
     Business  

Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco, S.R.L. de C.V.

   ACT    Santa Barbara (MX)      100.0         (2

Abengoa Solar US Holding Inc.

   ABSU    Colorado (US)      100.0         (3

Abengoa Transmision Norte, S.A.

   ATN    Lima (PE)      100.0         (1

Abengoa Yield Ltd

   Abengoa Yield    Leeds (UK)      100.0         (3

Abengoa Transmision Sur, S.A.

   ATS    Lima (PE)      100.0         (1

Arizona Solar One Holding, LLC

   ASOH    Colorado (US)      100.0         (3

Arizona Solar One, LLC

   ASO    Colorado (US)      100.0         (3

Mojave Solar Holding, LLC

   MSH    Delaware (US)      100.0         (3

Palmatir, S.A.

   Palmatir    Montevideo (UY)      100.0         (3

Palmucho, S.A.

   Palmucho    Santiago (CL)      100.0         (1

Solaben Electricidad Dos, S.A.

   Solaben 2    Caceres (ES)      70.0         (3

Solaben Electricidad Tres, S.A.

   Solaben 3    Caceres (ES)      70.0         (3

Transmisora Baquedano, S.A.

   Quadra 1    Santiago (CL)      99.9         (1

Transmisora Mejillones, S.A.

   Quadra 2    Santiago (CL)      99.9         (1

 

(1)

Business sector: Electric transmission lines

(2)

Business sector: Conventional power

(3)

Business sector: Renewable energy

The Appendices are an integral part of the notes to the combined financial statements.

 

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Appendices

Appendix I

Entities included in the Company as subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012

 

Company name

  

Project name

  

Registered

address

   % of nominal
share
     Business  

Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco,
S.R.L. de C.V.

   ACT    Santa Barbara (MX)      100.0         (2

Abengoa Transmision Norte, S.A.

   ATN    Lima (PE)      100.0         (1

Abengoa Transmision Sur, S.A.

   ATS    Lima (PE)      100.0         (1

Arizona Solar One Holding, LLC

   ASOH    Colorado (US)      100.0         (3

Mojave Solar Holding, LLC

   MSH    Delaware (US)      100.0         (3

Palmatir, S.A.

   Palmatir    Montevideo (UY)      100.0         (3

Palmucho, S.A.

   Palmucho    Santiago (CL)      100.0         (1

Solaben Electricidad Dos, S.A.

   Solaben 2    Caceres (ES)      70.0         (3

Solaben Electricidad Tres, S.A.

   Solaben 3    Caceres (ES)      70.0         (3

Transmisora Baquedano, S.A.

   Quadra 1    Santiago (CL)      99.9         (1

Transmisora Mejillones, S.A.

   Quadra 2    Santiago (CL)      99.9         (1

 

(1)

Business sector: Electric transmission lines

(2)

Business sector: Conventional power

(3)

Business sector: Renewable energy

The Appendices are an integral part of the notes to the combined financial statements.

 

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Appendices

Appendix II

Investments recorded under the equity method as of December 31, 2013

 

Company name

  

Project name

  

Registered

address

   % of nominal
share
     Business  

Evacuacion Valdecaballeros, S.L.

   Valdecaballeros    Caceres (ES)      28.6         (3

Mojave Solar, LLC

   Mojave    California (US)      100.0         (3

Investments recorded under the equity method as of December 31, 2012

 

Company name

  

Project name

  

Registered

address

   % of nominal
share
     Business  

Arizona Solar One, LLC

   Solana    Colorado (US)      100.0         (3

Evacuacion Valdecaballeros, S.L.

   Valdecaballeros    Caceres (ES)      28.6         (3

Mojave Solar, LLC

   Mojave    California (US)      100.0         (3

 

(1)

Business sector: Electric transmission lines

(2)

Business sector: Conventional power

(3)

Business sector: Renewable energy

The Appendices are an integral part of the notes to the combined financial statements.

 

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Appendices   Appendix III-1

Projects subject to the application of IFRIC 12 interpretation based on the concession of

services as of December 31, 2013 and 2012

Description of the Arrangements

Solana

Solana is a 250 MW net (280 MW gross) solar electric generation facility located in Maricopa County, Arizona, approximately 70 miles southwest of Phoenix. Arizona Solar One LLC, or Arizona Solar, owns the Solana project. Solana includes a 22-mile 230kV transmission line and a molten salt thermal energy storage system. The construction of Solana commenced in December 2010 and Solana reached COD on October 9, 2013.

Solana has a 30-year, PPA with Arizona Public Service, or APS, approved by the Arizona Corporation Commission (ACC). The PPA provides for the sale of electricity at a fixed price per MWh with annual increases of 1.84% per year. The PPA includes limitations on the amount and condition of the energy that is received by APS with minimum and maximum thresholds for delivery capacity that must not be breached.

Mojave

Mojave is a 250 MW net (280 MW gross) solar electric generation facility located in San Bernardino County, California, approximately 100 miles northeast of Los Angeles. Abengoa commenced construction of Mojave in September 2011. We expect that the project will reach COD by November 2014. Mojave Solar LLC, or Mojave Solar, owns the Mojave project.

Mojave has a 25-year, PPA with Pacific Gas & Electric Company, or PG&E, approved by the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC). The PPA will begin on COD. The PPA provides for the sale of electricity at a fixed base price per MWh without any indexation mechanism, including limitations on the amount and condition of the energy that is received by PG&E with minimum and maximum thresholds for delivery capacity that must not be breached.

Palmatir

Palmatir is an on-shore wind farm facility in Uruguay with nominal installed capacity of 50 MW. Palmatir has 25 wind turbines and each turbine has a nominal capacity of 2 MW. UTE (Administracion Nacional de Usinas y Transmisiones Electricas), Uruguay’s state-owned electricity company, has agreed to purchase all energy produced by Palmatir pursuant to a 20-year PPA.

Palmatir reached COD in May 2014. The wind farm is located in Tacuarembo, 170 miles north of the city of Montevideo.

Palmatir signed a PPA with UTE on September 14, 2011 for 100% of the electricity produced, approved by URSEA (Unidad Reguladora de Servicos de Energia y Agua). UTE will pay a fixed-price tariff per MWh under the PPA, which is denominated in U.S. dollars and will be partially adjusted in January of each year according to a formula based on inflation.

Solaben 2 & Solaben 3

The Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 are two 50 MW Concentrating Solar Power facilities and are part of Abengoa’s Extremadura Solar Complex. The Extremadura Solar Complex consists of four Concentrating Solar Power plants (Solaben 1, Solaben 2, Solaben 3 and Solaben 6), and is located in the municipality of Logrosan, Spain. Abengoa commenced construction of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 in August 2010. Solaben 2 reached COD in June 2012 and

 

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Solaben 3 reached COD in October 2012. Solaben Electricidad Dos, S.A., or SE2, owns Solaben 2 and Solaben Electricidad Tres, S.A., or SE3, owns Solaben 3.

Renewable energy plants in Spain, like Solaben 2 and Solaben 3, are regulated by the Government through a series of laws and rulings which guarantee the owners of the plants a reasonable remuneration for their investments. Solaben 2 and Solaben 3 sell the power they produce into the wholesale electricity market, where offer and demand are matched and the pool price is determined, and also receive additional payments from the Comision Nacional de los Mercados y de la Competencia, or CNMC, the Spanish state-owned regulator.

ACT

The ACT plant is a gas-fired cogeneration facility with a rated capacity of approximately 300 MW and between 550 and 800 metric tons per hour of steam. The plant includes a substation and an approximately 52 mile and 115-kilowatt transmission line.

On September 18, 2009, Abengoa Cogeneracion Tabasco entered into the Pemex Conversion Services Agreement, or the Pemex CSA, with Petroleos Mexicanos, or Pemex. Pemex is a state-owned oil and gas company supervised by the Comision Reguladora de Energía (CRE), the Mexican state agency that regulates the energy industry. The Pemex CSA has a term of 20 years from the in-service date and will expire on March 31, 2033.

According to the Pemex CSA, ACT must provide, in exchange for a fixed price with escalation adjustments, services including the supply and transformation of natural gas and water into thermal energy and electricity. Part of the electricity is to be supplied directly to a Pemex facility nearby, allowing the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) to supply less electricity to that facility. Approximately 90% of the electricity must be injected into the Mexican electricity network to be used by retail and industrial end customers of CFE in the region. Pemex is then entitled to receive an equivalent amount of energy in more than 1,000 of their facilities in other parts of the country from CFE, following an adjustment mechanism under the supervision of CFE.

The Pemex CSA is denominated in U.S. dollars. The price is a fixed tariff and will be adjusted annually, part of it according to inflation and part according to a mechanism agreed in the contract that on average over the life of the contract reflects expected inflation. The components of the price structure and yearly adjustment mechanisms were prepared by Pemex and provided to bidders as part of the request for proposal documents.

ATN

Abengoa Transmision Norte, or the ATN Project, in Peru is part of the SGT (Sistema Garantizado de Transmision), which includes all transmission line concessions allocated by a bidding process by the government and is comprised of the following facilities:

 

  (i)

the approximately 356 mile, 220kV line from Carhuamayo-Paragsha-Conococha-Kiman-Ayllu-Cajamarca Norte;

 

  (ii)

the 4.3 mile, 138kV link between the existing Huallanca substation and Kiman Ayllu substations;

 

  (iii)

the 1.9 mile, 138kV link between the 138kV Carhuamayo substation and the 220kV Carhuamayo substation;

 

  (iv)

the new Conococha and Kiman Ayllu substations; and

 

  (v)

the expansion of the Cajamarca Norte, 220kV Carhuamayo, 138kV Carhuamayo and 220kV Paragsha substations.

Pursuant to the initial concession agreement, the Ministry of Energy, on behalf of the Peruvian Government, granted ATN a concession to construct, develop, own, operate and maintain the ATN Project. The initial concession agreement became effective on May 22, 2008 and will expire 30 years after COD of the first tranche

 

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of the line, which took place in January 2011. ATN is obliged to provide the service of transmission of electric energy through the operation and maintenance of the electric transmission line, according to the terms of the contract and the applicable law.

The laws and regulations of Peru establish the key parameters of the concession contract, the price indexation mechanism, the rights and obligations of the operator and the procedures that have to be followed in order to fix the applicable tariff, which occurs through a regulated bidding process. Once the bidding process is complete and the operator is granted the concession, the pricing of the power transmission service is established in the concession agreement. ATN has a 30-year concession agreement with a fixed-price tariff base denominated in U.S. dollars that is adjusted annually after COD of each line, in accordance with the U.S. Finished Goods Less Food and Energy Index published by the U.S. Department of Labor.

ATS

The Abengoa Transmision Sur, or ATS Project, in Peru is part of the Guaranteed Transmission System, or (Sistema Garantizado de Transmisión) which includes all transmission line concessions allocated by a bidding process by the government, and is comprised of:

 

  (i)

one 500kV electric transmission line and two short 220kV electric transmission lines, which are linked to existing substations;

 

  (ii)

three new 500kV substations; and

 

  (iii)

three existing substations (two existing 220kV substations and one existing 550/220kV substation), through the development of new transformers, line reactors, series reactive compensation and shunt reactions in some substations.

Pursuant to the initial concession agreement, the Ministry of Energy, on behalf of the Peruvian Government, granted ATS a concession to construct, develop, own, operate and maintain the ATS Project. The initial concession agreement became effective on July 22, 2010 and will expire 30 years after COD, which took place in January 2014. ATS is obliged to provide the service of transmission of electric energy through the operation and maintenance of the electric transmission line, according to the terms of the contract and the applicable law.

The laws and regulations of Peru establish the key parameters of the concession contract, the price indexation mechanism, the rights and obligations of the operator and the procedure that has to be followed in order to fix the applicable tariff, which occurs through a regulated bidding process. Once the bidding process is complete and the operator is granted the concession, the pricing of the power transmission service is established in the concession agreement. ATS has a 30-year concession agreement with fixed-price tariff base denominated in U.S. dollars that is adjusted annually after COD of each line, in accordance with the U.S. Finished Goods Less Food and Energy Index published by the U.S. Department of Labor.

Quadra 1 & Quadra 2

Transmisora Mejillones, or Quadra 1, is a 49-mile transmission line project and Tranmisora Baquedano, or Quadra 2, is a 32-mile transmission line project, each connected to the Sierra Gorda substations.

Both projects have concession agreements with Sierra Gorda SCM. The agreements are denominated in U.S. dollars and are indexed mainly to CPI. The concession agreements each have a 21-year term that began on COD, which took place in April 2014 and March 2014 for Quadra 1 and Quadra 2, respectively.

Quadra 1 and Quadra 2 belong to the Northern Interconnected System (SING), one of the two interconnected systems into which the Chilean electricity market is divided and structured for both technical and regulatory purposes.

 

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As part of the SING, Quadra 1 and Quadra 2 and the service they provide are regulated by several regulatory bodies, in particular: the Superintendent’s office of Electricity and Fuels (Superintendencia de Electricidad y Combustibles, SEC), the Economic Local Dispatch Center (Centro de Despacho Economico de Cargas, CDEC), the National Board of Energy (Comision Nacional de Energia, CNE) and the National Environmental Board (Comision Nacional de Medio Ambiente, CONAMA) and other environmental regulatory bodies.

In all these concession arrangements, the operator has all the rights necessary to manage, operate and maintain the assets and the obligation to provide the services defined above, which are clearly defined in each concession contract and in the applicable regulations in each country.

The Appendices are an integral part of the notes to the combined financial statements.

 

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Appendices

Appendix III-2

Projects subject to the application of IFRIC 12 interpretation based on the concession of services as of December 31, 2013

 

Project name

 

Country

  Status (1)   % of
Nominal
Share (2)
  Period of
Concession (5)(6)
    Offtaker (9)   Financial/
Intangible (3)
    Assets/
Investment
    Accumulated
Amortization
    Construction
Revenue (4)
    Operating
Profit/(Loss)
   

Arrangement Terms (price)

 

Description of the Arrangement

Renewable energy:

                       

Solana

  USA   (O)   100.0     30 Years      APS     (I     2,058,884        (16,297     —          (2,580   Fixed price per MWh with annual increases of 1.84% per year   30-year PPA with APS regulated by ACC

Mojave

  USA   (C)   100.0     25 Years      PG&E     N/A (8)        N/A (8)        N/A (8)        N/A (8)        N/A (8)      Fixed price per MWh without any indexation mechanism   25-year PPA with PG&E regulated by CPUC and CAEC

Palmatir

  Uruguay   (C)   100.0     20 Years      UTE, Uruguay
Administration
    (I     141,119        —          91,297        (477   Fixed price per MWh in USD with annual increases based on inflation   20-year PPA with UTE, Uruguay state-owned utility

Solaben 2

  Spain   (O)   70.0     25 Years      Kingdom of
Spain
    (I     366,776        (13,426     —          11,112      Regulated revenue base (7)   Regulated revenue established by different laws and rulings in Spain

Solaben 3

  Spain   (O)   70.0     25 Years      Kingdom of
Spain
    (I     368,800        (17,234     —          11,909      Regulated revenue base (7)   Regulated revenue established by different laws and rulings in Spain

Conventional power:

                       

ACT

  Mexico   (O)   100.0     20 Years      Pemex     (F     635,849        —          96,575        83,278      Fixed price to compensate both investment and O&M costs, established in USD and adjusted annually partially according to inflation and partially according to a mechanism agreed in contract   20-year Services Agreement with Pemex, Mexican oil & gas state-owned company

Electric transmission lines:

                       

ATN

  Peru   (O)   100.0     30 Years      Republic of

Peru

    (I     319,939        (27,208     —          989      Tariff fixed by contract and adjusted annually in accordance with the US Finished Goods Less Food and Energy inflation index   30-year Concession Agreement with the Peruvian Government

ATS

  Peru   (C)   100.0     30 Years      Republic of
Peru
    (I     513,779        —          127,766        (90   Tariff fixed by contract and adjusted annually in accordance with the US Finished Goods Less Food and Energy inflation index   30-year Concession Agreement with the Peruvian Government

Quadra 1

  Chile   (C)   100.0     21 Years      Sierra Gorda     (F     38,480        —          25,545        3,224      Fixed price in USD with annual adjustments indexed mainly to US CPI   21-year Concession Contract with Sierra Gorda regulated by CDEC and the Superentendencia de Electricidad, among others

Quadra 2

  Chile   (C)   100.0     21 Years      Sierra Gorda     (F     41,441        —          23,532        2,912      Fixed price in USD with annual adjustments indexed mainly to US CPI   21-year Concession Contract with Sierra Gorda regulated by CDEC and the Superentendencia de Electricidad, among others

 

(1)

In operation (O), Construction (C) as of December 31, 2013.

(2)

Liberty Interactive Corporation agreed to invest $300 million in Class A membership interests in exchange for a share of the dividends and the taxable loss generated by Solana on October 2, 2013. Legally, General Electric held a 15% interest and a preferred equity interest in ACT as of December 31, 2013. From an accounting perspective, this investment is considered as non-recourse debt. Itochu Corporation holds 30% of the economic rights to each of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3.

(3)

Classified as concessional financial asset (F) or as intangible assets (I).

(4)

Same amount as construction costs incurred during the period.

(5)

The infrastructure is used for its entire useful life. There are no obligations to deliver assets at the end of the concession periods, except for ATN and ATS.

(6)

Generally, there are no termination provisions other than customary clauses for situations such as bankruptcy or fraud from the operator, for example.

(7)

Sales to wholesale markets and additional fixed payments established by the Spanish government.

(8)

Recorded under the equity method.

(9)

In each case the offtaker is the grantor

The Appendices are an integral part of the notes to the combined financial statements.

 

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Projects subject to the application of IFRIC 12 interpretation based on the concession of services as of December 31, 2012

 

Project name

 

Country

  Status (1)   % of
Nominal
Share (2)
  Period of
Concession (5)(6)
    Offtaker (9)   Financial/
Intangible (3)
    Assets/
Investment
    Accumulated
Amortization
    Construction
Revenue (4)
    Operating
Profit/(Loss)
   

Arrangement Terms (price)

 

Description of the

arrangement

Renewable energy:

                       

Solana

  USA   (C)   100.0     25 Years      APS     N/A (8)        N/A (8)        N/A (8)        N/A (8)        N/A (8)      Fixed price per MWh with annual increases of 1.84% per year   30-year PPA with APS regulated by ACC

Mojave

  USA   (C)   100.0    
25 Years
  
  PG&E     N/A (8)       
N/A (8)
  
    N/A (8)        N/A (8)        N/A (8)      Fixed price per MWh without any indexation mechanism   25-year PPA with PG&E regulated by CPUC and CAEC

Palmatir

  Uruguay   (C)   100.0     30 Years      UTE, Uruguay
Administration
    (I     49,822        —          48,751        (547  

Fixed price per MWh in USD with annual increases based on inflation

 

20-year PPA with UTE, Uruguay state-owned utility

Solaben 2

  Spain   (O)   70.0     25 Years      Kingdom of
Spain
    (I     358,963        (2,907     90,656        (118   Regulated revenue base (7)   Regulated revenue established by different laws and rulings in Spain

Solaben 3

  Spain   (O)   70.0     25 Years      Kingdom of
Spain
    (I     358,445        (6,697     51,308        7,432      Regulated revenue base (7)   Regulated revenue established by different laws and rulings in Spain

Conventional power:

                       

ACT

  Mexico   (C)   100.0     20 Years      Pemex     (F     570,198        —          135,768        61,105     

Fixed price to compensate both investment and O&M costs, established in USD and adjusted annually partially according to inflation and partially according to a mechanism agreed in contract

 

20-year Services Agreement with Pemex, Mexican oil & gas state-owned company

Electric transmission lines:

                       

ATN

  Peru   (O)   100.0     30 Years      Republic of
Peru
    (I     319,256        (16,486     —          708     

Tariff fixed by contract and adjusted annually in accordance with the US Finished Goods Less Food and Energy inflation index

 

30-year Concession Agreement with the Peruvian Government

ATS

  Peru   (C)   100.0     20 Years      Republic of
Peru
    (I     389,829        —          201,294        (838  

Tariff fixed by contract and adjusted annually in accordance with the US Finished Goods Less Food and Energy inflation index

 

30-year Concession Agreement with the Peruvian Government

Quadra 1

  Chile   (C)   100.0     30 Years      Sierra Gorda     (F     12,935        —          12,935        —       

Fixed price in USD with annual adjustments indexed mainly to US CPI

 

21-year Concession Contract with Sierra Gorda regulated by CDEC and the Superentendencia de Electricidad, among others

Quadra 2

  Chile   (C)   100.0     21 Years      Sierra Gorda     (F     17,909        —          17,909        —        Fixed price in USD with annual adjustments indexed mainly to US CPI   21-year Concession Contract with Sierra Gorda regulated by CDEC and the Superentendencia de Electricidad, among others

 

(1)

In operation (O), Construction (C) as of December 31, 2012.

(2)

Liberty Interactive Corporation agreed to invest $300 million in Class A membership interests in exchange for a share of the dividends and the taxable loss generated by Solana on October 2, 2013. Legally, General Electric holds a 15% interest and a preferred equity interest in ACT. From an accounting perspective, this investment is considered as non-recourse debt. Itochu Corporation holds 30% of the economic rights to each of Solaben 2 and Solaben 3.

(3)

Classified as concessional financial asset (F) or as intangible assets (I).

(4)

Same amount as construction costs incurred during the period.

(5)

The infrastructure is used for its entire useful life. There are no obligations to deliver assets at the end of the concession periods, except for ATN and ATS.

(6)

Generally, there are no termination provisions other than customary clauses for situations such as bankruptcy or fraud from the operator, for example.

(7)

Sales to wholesale markets and additional fixed payments established by the Spanish government.

(8)

Recorded under the equity method.

(9)

In each case the offtaker is the grantor.

The Appendices are an integral part of the notes to the combined financial statements.

 

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Appendices

Appendix IV (Schedule I)

Financial Statements of Abengoa Yield plc

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholder of Abengoa Yield plc (formerly Abengoa Yield Limited)

Leeds, United Kingdom

We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Abengoa Yield plc (the “Company”, formerly Abengoa Yield Limited) as at 31 December 2013. This financial statement is the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on this financial statement based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, such financial statement presents fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Abengoa Yield plc (formerly Abengoa Yield Limited) as at 31 December 2013, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

/s/ DELOITTE LLP

London, United Kingdom

April 1, 2014

 

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Appendices

Appendix IV (Schedule I)

Abengoa Yield plc (formerly, Abengoa Yield Limited)

Balance sheet as at December 31, 2013

 

     Notes      2013
$
 
     

Non-current assets

     

Loans to parent undertakings

     3       $ 14   
     

 

 

 

Non-current assets

      $ 14   
     

 

 

 
     

Net assets

      $ 14   
     

Equity

     

Share capital

     4       $ 14   
     

 

 

 

Equity attributable to owners of the Company

      $ 14   
     

 

 

 

The Appendices are an integral part of the notes to the combined financial statements. The notes on pages F-80 to F-81 form part of these financial statements.

 

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Abengoa Yield plc (formerly Abengoa Yield Limited)

Notes to the financial statements

Appendix IV (Schedule I) has been provided pursuant to the requirements of Rule 12-04(a), 5-04-(c) and 3-01(a) of Regulation S-X, of the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) which require condensed financial information as to the financial position, change in financial position, results of operations of a parent company, other comprehensive income statement and cash flow statement as of the same dates and for the same periods for which audited consolidated financial statements have been presented when the restricted net assets of consolidated subsidiaries exceed 25 percent of consolidated net assets as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards have been condensed or omitted. The footnote disclosures contain supplemental information only and, as such, these statements should be read in conjunction with the notes to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

1. General

Abengoa Yield plc (the “Company”) was incorporated on December 17, 2013 under the name Abengoa Yield Limited, with a registered number 8818211 and a registered address of 1 Park Row, Leeds LS1 5AB, United Kingdom. The Company has not engaged in any business or trading activities since its incorporation.

Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited directly holds 100% of the Company’s shares. Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited forms part of a group of companies whose ultimate parent company is Inversión Corporativa IC, S.A.. As at the balance sheet date the Company has only share capital and an intercompany loan receivable from Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited.

2. Significant accounting policies

The financial statement of the Company as at December 31, 2013 was authorized for issue in accordance with a resolution of the Directors on February 25, 2014.

Basis of accounting

The financial statement has been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IFRS”).

The financial statement has been prepared on a historical cost basis, in U.S. dollars.

This financial statement represents the Company’s first IFRS financial statements, and accordingly it has been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standard 1, First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards. Accordingly, the Company has prepared this financial statement in compliance with IFRS applicable for periods ending on or after 31 December 2013. No comparative information has been prepared as this financial statement is the first the Company has prepared due to its incorporation in December 2013.

Accounting standards amendments

At the date of authorisation of this financial statement, the following Standards and Interpretations which have not been applied in the preparation of this financial statement, were in issue but not yet effective:

 

IFRS 1 (amended)

  

Severe Hyperinflation and Removal of Fixed Dates for First-time Adopters

IFRS 7 (amended)

  

Disclosures – Transfers of Financial Assets

IFRS 9

  

Financial Instruments

IAS 1 (amended)

  

Presentation of Items of Other Comprehensive Income

IAS 12 (amended)

  

Deferred Tax: Recovery of Underlying Assets

 

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The Directors are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of these Standards on the financial statements of the Company in future periods.

3. Loans to parent undertakings

Loans to parent undertakings are denominated in U.S. dollars, the Company’s functional currency, and represent financial assets. Financial assets are initially recognized at fair value, including directly attributable transaction costs, and subsequently accounted for at amortised cost.

4. Share Capital

As at December 31, 2013 shareholders’ equity was divided into one hundred (100) registered shares with a par value of €0.10, of one class of ordinary shares which carry no right to fixed income. The shares are issued but unpaid.

The amounts and movements of share capital for the period ended December 31, 2013 is as follows:

 

     Balance as of
December 17,
2013
     Issue of
Share capital
     Distribution
of results
     Results for the
period
     Balance as of
December 31,
2013
 

Share Capital

     —         $ 14         —           —         $ 14   

Total Equity

     —         $ 14         —           —         $ 14   

5. Related party transactions

Related party transactions in the period are limited to the issue of shares to Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited as discussed in Note 3.

6. Subsequent Events

On March 19, 2014, Abengoa Yield Limited reregistered as a public limited company under the name Abengoa Yield plc. On March 20, 2014, the Company redenominated its entire issued share capital of 571,000 ordinary shares with a nominal value of €0.10 per share into 571,000 ordinary shares with a nominal value of $0.138 per share. The entire issued share capital of the Company was subsequently consolidated and sub-divided pursuant to Section 618 of the Companies Act 2006, or the Companies Act, to leave the Company with an issued share capital of 787,000 ordinary shares with a nominal value of $0.10 per share.

 

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  9,200,000 Ordinary Shares

 

LOGO

 

 

 

PROSPECTUS

                , 2015

 

 

 

Citigroup   BofA Merrill Lynch
HSBC   Banco Santander

 

 

Until                 , 2015 (25 days after the date of this prospectus), all dealers that buy, sell, or trade our ordinary shares, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to a dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriter and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS

 

Item 6. Indemnification of Directors and Officers

The registrant’s articles of association provide that, subject to the U.K. Companies Act 2006, every person who is or was at any time a director or other officer (excluding an auditor) of the registrant may be indemnified out of the assets of the registrant against all costs, charges, expenses, losses or liabilities incurred by him in performing his duties or the exercise of his powers or otherwise in relation to or in connection with his duties, powers or office.

The registrant plans to maintain insurance for its directors regarding negligence, fault, breach of trust and breach of duty under the terms allowed by the U.K. Companies Act 2006.

In the underwriting agreement, the underwriters will agree to indemnify, under certain conditions, the registrant, members of the registrant’s board of directors, members of the executive management board and persons who control the registrant within the meaning of the Securities Act, against certain liabilities. See “Item 9. Undertakings” for a description of the Commission’s position regarding such indemnification provisions.

 

Item 7. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

On June 2, 2014 we issued 12,718,005 shares to Abengoa Solar, S.A. in exchange for 100% of Abengoa Solar, S.A.’s interest in Abengoa Solar US Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation. This transfer was exempt from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933.

On June 5, 2014 we issued 15,207,720 shares to Abengoa Solar, S.A. in exchange for 100% of Abengoa Solar, S.A.’s interest in Abengoa Solar Holdings USA Inc., a Delaware corporation. This transfer was exempt from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933.

On November 17, 2014 we issued the 7.000% Senior Notes due 2019 in an aggregate principal amount of $255 million. The 2019 Notes were offered and issued in transactions exempt from registration to certain qualified institutional buyers in the United States, under Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and to institutional investors outside the United States, under Regulation S under the Securities Act.

 

Item 8. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a) The following documents are filed as part of this registration statement:

The exhibit index attached hereto is incorporated herein by reference.

(b) Financial Statement Schedules

All schedules have been omitted because the information required to be set forth in the schedules is either not applicable or is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.

 

Item 9. Undertakings

The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreements certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

 

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Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities, other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding, is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless, in the opinion of its counsel, the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question, whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:

 

  (1)

for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A, and contained in the form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act, as amended, shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

 

  (2)

for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

  (3)

for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

 

  (i)

any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

 

  (ii)

any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

 

  (iii)

the portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

 

  (iv)

any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-1 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Washington, D.C. on this 12 th day of January, 2015.

 

Abengoa Yield plc
/s/ Manuel Sanchez Ortega
Name:     Manuel Sanchez Ortega
Title:   Director and Chairman of the Board

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form F-1 has been signed by the following persons in the capacities indicated on January 12, 2015.

 

Signature

  

Title

*

Manuel Sanchez Ortega

  

Director and Chairman of the Board of Directors

*

Santiago Seage

  

Chief Executive Officer and Director

*

Willaim B. Richardson

  

Director

*

Christopher Standlee

  

Director

*

Maria J. Esteruelas

  

Director

*

Eduardo Kausel

  

Director, independent

*

Daniel Villalba

  

Director, independent

*

Jack Robinson

  

Director, independent

*

Enrique Alarcon

  

Director, independent

*

Juan del Hoyo

  

Director, independent

 

*

The undersigned by signing his name hereto, signs and executes this Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement pursuant to the Powers of Attorney executed by the above named signatories and filed previously with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 11, 2014.

 

/s/ Santiago Seage
Name:     Santiago Seage

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit
Number

  

Exhibit

  1.1    Form of Underwriting Agreement.
  3.1*    Articles of Association (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Abengoa Yield plc’s Form F-1/A filed on April 28, 2014, SEC File No. 333-194970).
  5.1*    Opinion of Linklaters LLP.
  8.1*    Opinion of Linklaters LLP as to certain U.S. federal income taxation matters.
  8.2*    Opinion of Linklaters LLP as to certain United Kingdom taxation matters.
10.1*   

Amended and Restated Right of First Offer Agreement by and between Abengoa Yield plc and Abengoa, S.A., dated December 9, 2014.

10.2*    Executive Services Agreement by and between Abengoa Yield plc and Abengoa Concessions, S.L. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Abengoa Yield plc’s draft registration statement on Form F-1 submitted to the SEC on February 28, 2014, SEC File No. 377-00503).
10.3*    Support Services Agreement by and between Abengoa Yield plc and Abengoa Concessions, S.L. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Abengoa Yield plc’s draft registration statement on Form F-1 submitted to the SEC on February 28, 2014, SEC File No. 377-00503).
10.4*    Financial Support Agreement by and between Abengoa Yield plc and Abengoa, S.A. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Abengoa Yield plc’s draft registration statement on Form F-1 submitted to the SEC on February 28, 2014, SEC File No. 377-00503).
10.5*    Trademark License Agreement by and between Abengoa Yield plc and Abengoa, S.A. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Abengoa Yield plc’s draft registration statement on Form F-1 submitted to the SEC on February 28, 2014, SEC File No. 377-00503).
10.6*    Deed between Abengoa Yield plc and Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Abengoa Yield plc’s Form F-1/A filed on April 28, 2014, SEC File No. 333-194970).
10.7*    Shareholders Agreement by and among Abengoa Construcao Brasil Ltd., Sociedad Inversora Lineas de Brasil S.L., Abengoa Concessions, S.L. and Abengoa Concessao Brasil Holding, S.A. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Abengoa Yield plc’s Form F-1/A filed on April 28, 2014, SEC File No. 333-194970).
10.8*    Operation and Maintenance Agreement between Abengoa Solar Espana, S.A. and Solaben Electricidad Dos, S.A., dated December 10, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to Abengoa Yield plc’s draft registration statement on Form F-1 submitted to the SEC on February 28, 2014, SEC File No. 377-00503).
10.9*    Operation and Maintenance Agreement between Abengoa Solar Espana, S.A. and Solaben Electricidad Tres, S.A., dated December 10, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to Abengoa Yield plc’s draft registration statement on Form F-1 submitted to the SEC on February 28, 2014, SEC File No. 377-00503).
10.10*    Indenture dated November 17, 2014, by and among Abengoa Yield plc, as issuer, Abengoa Concessions Peru, S.A., Abengoa Solar US Holdings Inc. and Abengoa Solar Holdings USA Inc., as guarantors, The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee, registrar, paying agent and transfer agent, and The Bank of New York Mellon (Luxembourg) S.A., as Luxembourg paying agent and Luxembourg transfer agent, relating to the issuance and sale by Abengoa Yield plc of $255,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 7.000% Senior Notes due 2019.
10.11*    Form of Global Notes relating to the issuance and sale by Abengoa Yield plc of $255,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 7.000% Senior Notes due 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10).


Table of Contents

Exhibit
Number

  

Exhibit

10.12*    Call Option Agreement by and between Abengoa Yield plc and Abengoa, S.A., dated December 9, 2014.
21.1    List of Subsidiaries.
23.1    Consent of Deloitte, S.L., independent registered public accounting firm.
23.2    Consent of Deloitte LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.
23.3*    Consent of Linklaters LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1, Exhibit 8.1 and Exhibit 8.2).
24.1*    Powers of Attorney (included on signature page).

 

(*)

Previously filed.

Exhibit 1.1

Abengoa Yield plc

Ordinary Shares

Underwriting Agreement

January [ ], 2015

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

388 Greenwich Street

New York, New York 10013

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated

One Bryant Park

New York, New York 10036

As Representatives of the several Underwriters

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited, a limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “ Selling Shareholder ”) proposes to enter into the transactions prescribed by Section 3 of this Underwriting Agreement, with the several underwriters named in Schedule I hereto (the “ Underwriters ”), for whom you (the “ Representatives ”) are acting as representatives, [ ] ordinary shares, $0.10 nominal value per share (the “ Shares ”), of Abengoa Yield plc, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “ Company ”) (said shares to be sold by the Selling Shareholder being hereinafter called the “ Underwritten Shares ”). The Selling Shareholder also proposes to grant to the Underwriters an option to purchase up to [ ] additional Shares in accordance with the terms set out in Section 3 of this Underwriting Agreement (the “ Option Shares ” and together with the Underwritten Shares, the “ Offered Shares ”).

Under the terms of the Right of First Offer Agreement entered into between the Company and Abengoa, S.A. (“ Abengoa ”) on June 13, 2014, as amended and restated on December 9, 2014, the Company agreed with Abengoa on September 22, 2014 to acquire from Abengoa three assets consisting of (i) a concentrating solar power asset in Spain with a capacity of 100 MW, through the acquisition of 74% of the equity interests of Solacor Electricidad Uno, S.A. and Solacor Electricidad Dos, S.A., through an usufruct agreement over 100% of the equity interests of Carpio Solar Inversiones, S.A., consisting of 65,429,378 shares ( acciones nominativas ) and the debt between Carpio Solar Inversiones, S.A. and Abengoa Solar España, S.A. relating to the Solacor 1 and Solacor 2 projects (“ Solacor 1/2 ”); (ii) a concentrating solar power asset in Spain with a capacity of 31 MW, through the acquisition of 100% of the equity interests of Sanlúcar Solar, S.A., consisting of 143,794 shares ( acciones nominativas ) and the subordinated debt relating to this project and 100% of the equity interests of Solar Processes, S.A., consisting of 7,289,188 shares ( acciones nominativas ) and the subordinated debt relating to this project (“ PS 10/20 ”); and (iii) one on-shore wind farm in Uruguay with a capacity of 50


MW, through the acquisition of 100% of the equity interests of Cadonal S.A., consisting of 2,108,500 shares ( acciones nominativas endosables ) (“ Cadonal ”, and together with Solacor 1/2 and PS 10/20, the “ First Dropdown Assets ”). Prior to the date hereof the Company has entered into the agreements listed in Schedule IV hereto for the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets.

Additionally, the Company, Abengoa and certain other parties, as the case may be, have recently entered into the agreements listed in Schedule V hereto, which agreements, together with the agreements listed in Schedule IV hereto, are collectively referred to herein as the “ Transaction Documents ”. Abengoa and each of its direct or indirect subsidiaries which are parties to any of the Transaction Documents (other than the Company) are collectively referred to herein as the “ Abengoa Transaction Parties ”.

To the extent there are no additional Underwriters listed on Schedule I other than you, the term Representatives as used in this Underwriting Agreement shall mean you, as Underwriters, and the terms Representatives and Underwriters shall mean either the singular or plural as the context requires. The use of the neuter in this Underwriting Agreement shall include the feminine and masculine wherever appropriate. Certain terms used in this Underwriting Agreement are defined in Section 23 hereof.

1. Representations and Warranties.

(i) The Company and the Selling Shareholder jointly and severally represent and warrant to, and agree with, each Underwriter that:

(a) The Company has prepared and filed with the Commission the Registration Statement, including related preliminary prospectuses, for registration under the Act of the offering and sale of the Offered Shares. Such Registration Statement, including any amendments thereto filed prior to the Execution Time, has become effective. The Company may have filed one or more amendments thereto, including the related preliminary prospectuses, each of which has previously been furnished to you. The Company will file with the Commission a final prospectus in accordance with Rule 424(b). As filed, such final prospectus shall contain all information required by the Act and the rules thereunder and, except to the extent the Representatives shall agree in writing to a modification, shall be in all substantive respects in the form furnished to you prior to the Execution Time or, to the extent not completed at the Execution Time, shall contain only such specific additional information and other changes (beyond that contained in the latest Preliminary Prospectus) as the Company has advised you, prior to the Execution Time, will be included or made therein.

It is understood that two forms of prospectuses are to be used in connection with the offering and sale of the Offered Shares: (i) the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus relating to the offering and sale of the Offered Shares in the United States and outside the United States (other than in Canada) and (ii) a preliminary prospectus and a prospectus relating to the offering and sale of the Offered Shares in Canada. The documents referred to in (i) and (ii) contain substantially identical information except for certain substitute or additional pages. Unless the context otherwise requires, references herein to the

 

2


Preliminary Prospectus ” and “ Prospectus ,” whether in preliminary or final form and whether as amended or supplemented, shall also include the Canadian versions thereof referred to in this paragraph.

(b) On the Effective Date, the Registration Statement did, and when the Prospectus is first filed in accordance with Rule 424(b) and on the Closing Date (as defined herein) and on the Option Closing Date (as defined in Section 2(b) of this Underwriting Agreement), if any, the Prospectus (and any supplement thereto) will, comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Act and the rules thereunder; on the Effective Date and at the Execution Time, the Registration Statement did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading; and on the date of any filing pursuant to Rule 424(b) and on the Closing Date and on the Option Closing Date, if any, the Prospectus (together with any supplement thereto) will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided , however , that the Company and the Selling Shareholder make no representations or warranties as to the information contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement, or the Prospectus (or any supplement thereto) in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by or on behalf of any Underwriter through the Representatives specifically for inclusion in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (or any supplement thereto), it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by or on behalf of any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in Section 8(c) hereof.

(c) (i) The Disclosure Package and the price to the public, the number of Underwritten Shares and the number of Option Shares to be included on the cover page of the Prospectus, when taken together as a whole; (ii) each electronic road show when taken together as a whole with the Disclosure Package and the price to the public, the number of Underwritten Shares and the number of Option Shares to be included on the cover page of the Prospectus; and (iii) any individual Written Testing-the-Waters Communication (as defined herein), when taken together as a whole with the Disclosure Package and the price to the public, the number of Underwritten Shares and the number of Option Shares to be included on the cover page of the Prospectus, do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The preceding sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from the Disclosure Package based upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of any Underwriter through the Representatives specifically for use therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by or on behalf of any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in Section 8(c) hereof.

(d) (i) At the time of filing the Registration Statement and (ii) as of the Execution Time (with such date being used as the determination date for purposes of this clause (ii)), the Company was not and is not an Ineligible Issuer (as defined in Rule 405), without taking account of any determination by the Commission pursuant to Rule 405 that it is not necessary that the Company be considered an Ineligible Issuer.

 

3


(e) From the time of the initial filing of the Registration Statement with the Commission (or, if earlier, the first date on which the Company engaged directly or through any Person authorized to act on its behalf in any Testing-the-Waters Communication) through the Execution Time, the Company has been and is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Act (an “ Emerging Growth Company ”). “ Testing-the-Waters Communication ” means any oral or written communication with potential investors undertaken in reliance on Section 5(d) of the Act.

(f) The Company (i) has not alone engaged in any Testing-the-Waters Communication and (ii) has not authorized anyone other than the Representatives to engage in Testing-the-Waters Communications. The Company has not distributed any Written Testing-the-Waters Communications. “ Written Testing-the-Waters Communication ” means any Testing-the-Waters Communication that is a written communication within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Act.

(g) Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus does not include any information that conflicts with the information contained in the Registration Statement, including any document incorporated by reference therein that has not been superseded or modified. The foregoing sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus based upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of any Underwriter through the Representatives specifically for use therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by or on behalf of any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in Section 8(c) hereof.

(h) The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a public limited company and in good standing under the laws of England and Wales with full corporate power and authority to own or lease, as the case may be, and to operate its properties and conduct its business as described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto). The Company is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction which requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified would not have a Material Adverse Effect (as hereinafter defined).

(i) (i) Each corporation, limited liability company, other entity or other interest, including any partnership or similar entity, that is directly or indirectly owned by the Company (each a “ subsidiary ” and collectively, the “ subsidiaries ”), is set forth on Schedule VI hereto; and (ii) each subsidiary has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation, limited liability company or other entity in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is chartered or organized with full corporate or other power and authority to own or lease, as the case may be, and to operate its properties and conduct its business as described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto) and is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction which requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified or to be in good standing would not have a Material Adverse Effect (as hereinafter defined).

 

4


(j) (i) The issued and outstanding share capital of the Company has been duly and validly authorized, and has been issued and fully paid and is not subject to any call for the payment of further capital; (ii) none of the issued and outstanding share capital of the Company was issued in violation of any pre-emptive or other similar rights of any security holder of the Company; and (iii) except as disclosed in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto): (A) there are no outstanding securities convertible into or exchangeable for, or warrants, rights or options, or agreements to grant warrants, rights (including, without limitation, pre-emption rights) or options, to purchase or to subscribe for, or obligations or commitments of the Company to create, issue, sell or otherwise dispose of, any securities (or any such convertible or exchangeable securities, warrants, rights, options, obligations or commitments) of the Company and; (B) there are no restrictions on the free transferability of the Offered Shares set out in the articles of association of the Company or under the laws or regulations of England and Wales.

(k) All the outstanding shares of capital stock or other ownership interests of each subsidiary of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and non-assessable (except in the case of an interest in an Delaware limited liability company, as such non-assessability may be affected by Sections 18-607 and 18-804 of the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act (the “ Delaware LLC Act ”), and, except as otherwise set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), all outstanding shares of capital stock or other ownership interests of the subsidiaries of the Company are owned by the Company either directly or through wholly owned subsidiaries free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, charge, claim, equity or encumbrance of any kind (collectively, “ Liens ”) other than (i) those described in or under agreements contemplated by the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, (ii) Liens arising from or relating to project financing agreements or (iii) as do not materially affect the value of such property or interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its subsidiaries as described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.

(l) (i) The Offered Shares have been duly and validly authorized, have been duly and validly issued and are fully paid and will not be subject to any call for the payment of further capital and conform in all material respects to the description of the share capital contained in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus; (ii) the Offered Shares will, when sold, be free and clear of any Liens; and upon delivery of the Offered Shares and payment of the Purchase Price (as defined herein), each of the Underwriters will receive good and marketable title to the Offered Shares to be sold by it, free and clear of any Lien; (iii) no statute, rule, regulation or order has been enacted, adopted or issued by any governmental or regulatory authority in the United Kingdom (“ U.K. ”) or the European Union (or, so far as the Company is aware, by any other governmental or regulatory authority) applicable to the Company that would, as of the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, if any, prevent the sale of the Offered Shares in the manner contemplated by the Disclosure Package, the

 

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Prospectus and this Underwriting Agreement; and (iv) no injunction or order of any national, provincial, foreign or other court has been issued and, so far as the Company is aware, no action has been taken by any governmental or regulatory authority, that would, as of the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, if any, prevent the sale of the Offered Shares in the manner contemplated by the Disclosure Package, the Prospectus and this Underwriting Agreement.

(m) The Offered Shares are freely transferable by the Selling Shareholder to or for the account of the several Underwriters in the manner contemplated herein; and there are no restrictions on subsequent transfers of the Offered Shares.

(n) Each of the Transaction Documents has been duly authorized by the Company and the Abengoa Transaction Parties, has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and the Abengoa Transaction Parties and, other than the Governance Memorandum of Understanding entered into between the Company and Abengoa on December 9, 2014 (the “ MOU ”) is a valid and binding obligation of the Company and the Abengoa Transaction Parties, as applicable, enforceable against each such party in accordance with its terms, except, with respect to each Transaction Document, the enforceability against such party may be limited by (i) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws from time to time in effect affecting creditors’ rights and remedies generally, and (ii) general principles of equity (regardless of whether such principles are considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); all action required to be taken for the consummation by the Company and the Abengoa Transaction Parties of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, except as expressly set forth herein, has been duly and validly taken, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, other than the MOU, did not and will not give rise to or result in any material tax of whatever nature being incurred or payable by the Company, its subsidiaries or any company forming part of the First Dropdown Assets.

(o) The Company and its subsidiaries lawfully own or lease all such properties as are necessary to the conduct of their operations as presently conducted, and such properties are free of any Lien and the Company and its subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to, or valid and enforceable rights in the nature of a lease, easement, right of way, license or similar right to otherwise use, all real and personal property owned, leased or otherwise controlled by them as are necessary to the conduct of their respective businesses as described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), in each case free and clear of all Liens, except, in each case, (i) such as otherwise set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), (ii) those arising from or relating to project financing agreements, or (iii) such as do not, individually or in the aggregate, materially and adversely affect the value of such properties taken as a whole and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company or any of its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise.

(p) The authorized, issued and outstanding share capital of the Company conforms in all material respects to the description thereof contained in each Preliminary

 

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Prospectus and the Prospectus under the caption “Capitalization”; and the Shares conform in all material respects to the descriptions thereof contained in each Preliminary Prospectus, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto).

(q) No filing with, or authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration, qualification or decree of, any court, any governmental agency or body or any other person is necessary or required for the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder or pursuant to the Transaction Documents, in connection with the offering or sale of the Offered Shares hereunder or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Underwriting Agreement or the Transaction Documents, except (A) such as have been already obtained or as may be required under the Act, state securities laws or the rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“ FINRA ”) and (B) such as have been obtained under the laws and regulations of jurisdictions outside the United States in which the Offered Shares are offered, if any.

(r) None of (i) the sale of the Offered Shares, (ii) the execution, delivery or fulfillment by the Company and the Selling Shareholder of the terms of, and the performance by the Company and the Selling Shareholder of its obligations under, the Underwriting Agreement nor (iii) the execution, delivery or fulfillment by the Abengoa Transaction Parties of the terms of, and the performance by the Company and the Abengoa Transaction Parties of their respective obligations under, the Transaction Documents will conflict with, result in a breach or violation of, constitute a change of control or other event giving rise to any right of acceleration or termination or other right under, constitute a Debt Repayment Triggering Event (as described below) under, or result in the imposition of any Lien upon any property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries pursuant to (A) the articles of association, charter or by-laws of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, the Selling Shareholder or any of the Abengoa Transaction Parties; (B) the terms of any concession agreement, indenture, contract, lease, mortgage, deed of trust, note agreement, loan agreement or other agreement, obligation, condition, covenant or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries, the Selling Shareholder or any of the Abengoa Transaction Parties is a party or bound or to which its or their property is subject; or (C) any statute, law, rule, regulation, judgment, license, permit, order or decree applicable to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, the Selling Shareholder or any of the Abengoa Transaction Parties of any court, regulatory body, administrative agency, governmental body, arbitrator or other authority having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its subsidiaries, the Selling Shareholder or any of the Abengoa Transaction Parties or any of its or their properties, except in the case of (B) or (C) for such breaches, violations, Liens, charges or encumbrances that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. A “ Debt Repayment Triggering Event ” means any event or condition which gives, or with the giving of notice or lapse of time would give, the holder of any note, debenture, or other evidence of indebtedness (or any person acting on such holder’s behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Company or any of its subsidiaries, the Selling Shareholder or the Abengoa Transaction Parties.

 

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(s) The Underwriting Agreement has been validly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and the Company has full right, power and authority to execute and deliver this Underwriting Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder; and all action required to be taken for the due and proper authorization, execution and delivery of this Underwriting Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, except as expressly set forth herein, has been duly and validly taken.

(t) There is no franchise, contract or other document of a character required to be described in the Registration Statement, Disclosure Package or Prospectus, or to be filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, which is not described or filed as required (and each Preliminary Prospectus contains in all material respects the same description of the foregoing matters contained in the Prospectus); and the statements in each Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus under the captions “Taxation,” “Business—Intellectual Property,” “Business—Legal Proceedings,” “Regulation,” “Related Party Transactions” and “Description of Share Capital”, in each case insofar as such statements describe legal matters, agreements, documents or proceedings discussed therein, are accurate and fair summaries of such legal matters, agreements, documents or proceedings.

(u) The Company has not entered into any contractual arrangement relating to the offer, sale, distribution or delivery of any Shares other than the Underwriting Agreement and the other arrangements described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto).

(v) The Shares are listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “ABY.”

(w) No holders of securities of the Company have rights to the registration of such securities under the Registration Statement; it being understood that the sale of the Option Shares has been registered under the Registration Statement.

(x) The annual combined financial statements and the consolidated condensed interim financial statements and the related notes and schedules of the Company and its subsidiaries included in the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Registration Statement fairly present in all material respects the combined or consolidated, as the case may be, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of the dates and for the periods indicated, comply as to form with the applicable accounting requirements of the Act and have been prepared in conformity with IFRS as issued by the IASB applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved. The selected financial data set forth under the captions “Summary Financial Information” and “Selected Financial Information” in each Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus fairly present in all material respects, on the basis stated in each Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, the information included therein. The selected financial data and any other financial data regarding the Company and its subsidiaries included in the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Registration Statement have been compiled on a basis consistent with the audited annual combined financial statements and the consolidated condensed interim financial statements of the Company and have been correctly extracted, derived or recalculated from the audited annual combined financial statements, the consolidated condensed interim financial statements or the accounting records of the Company.

 

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(y) The pro forma financial information included in the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Registration Statement fairly present in all material respects the information shown therein and include assumptions that provide a reasonable basis for presenting the significant effects directly attributable to the transactions and events described therein, the related pro forma adjustments give appropriate effect to those assumptions, and the pro forma adjustments reflect the proper application of those adjustments to the historical financial statement amounts in the pro forma financial statements included in the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Registration Statement. The pro forma financial information included in the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Registration Statement comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of Regulation S-X under the Act and the pro forma adjustments have been properly applied to the historical amounts in the compilation of that information. Such historical amounts have been accurately and directly extracted from the annual combined financial statements and the consolidated condensed interim financial statements of the Company and the audited or reviewed historical financial statements of the First Dropdown Assets prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Spain (Spanish GAAP) or other generally accepted accounting principles, which do not materially differ for the purposes of the historical financial statements of the First Dropdown Assets from IFRS-IASB.

(z) The estimated cash available for distribution and other forward-looking information set forth in each Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus under the captions “Cash Dividend Policy” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, such as dividend per share, among others, have been prepared and calculated after due, careful and proper inquiry and consideration by the Company, including in respect of the amount of distributable profits or reserves, each as defined under the U.K. Companies Act of the Company, and represent reasonable and fair expectations honestly held by the Company based on all relevant material information known to the Company as of the date of their use. All assumptions on which such estimates are based are reasonable. The Company reasonably expects, based on all relevant material information known to the Company as of the Execution Time, to have sufficient distributable profits or reserves, each as defined under the U.K. Companies Act, to declare dividends in the amounts set forth in each Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus under the caption “Cash Dividend Policy”. No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act) contained in the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus has been made or reaffirmed without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith.

(aa) The statements set forth in each Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources” accurately and fully describe all material trends, demands, commitments and events that the Company believes

 

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would materially affect liquidity and are reasonably likely to occur. The Company is not aware of any circumstances now existing or likely to arise that are likely to cause the Company not to have adequate working capital to finance its operations and the operations of its subsidiaries, in each case for a period of 12 months from the Effective Date. Taking into account the existing cash resources and other facilities available to the Company, the Company believes that the working capital available to the Company is sufficient for its present requirements and for at least the 12 months following the Effective Date. The cash flow and working capital projections on which the Company has based its statement regarding the sufficiency of its working capital have been properly prepared after due and careful enquiry and take into account all relevant material information concerning the Company. All assumptions on which such projections are based are reasonable, and there are no other material assumptions that should reasonably be taken into account in the preparation of such projections.

(bb) Since the date of the most recent financial statements included in the Disclosure Package, the Prospectus and the Registration Statement (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), there has been no material adverse effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), prospects, earnings, business or properties of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business (a “ Material Adverse Effect ”), except as set forth in or contemplated in the Disclosure Package, the Prospectus and the Registration Statement (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto).

(cc) The exchangeable preferred equity investment (the “ Preferred Stock ”) owned by the Company in Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding S.A. (“ ACBH ”) and described in “Business—Exchangeable Preferred Equity Investment in Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding” has been duly authorized and validly issued by ACBH, has the rights and privileges relating thereto described in “Business—Exchangeable Preferred Equity Investment in Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding” and is considered for all corporate, accounting and tax purposes as an equity investment instrument, and the statements in each Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus under the captions “Summary”, “Business—Exchangeable Preferred Equity Investment in Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding”, “Description of Share Capital—Rights Attached to our Shares—Brazil Dividend Policy”, insofar as such statements summarize terms of the Preferred Stock, are accurate and fair summaries of such Preferred Stock.

(dd) No action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries or the Abengoa Transaction Parties its or their property is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened that (i) could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the performance of this Underwriting Agreement or the Transaction Documents or the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby or (ii) could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, except as set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto).

 

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(ee) Each of the Company and its subsidiaries is Solvent. As used in this paragraph, the term “ Solvent ” means that (i) the present fair market value (or present fair saleable value) of the assets of the Company or any subsidiary is not less than the total amount required to pay the liabilities of the Company or such subsidiary on its total existing debts and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) as they become absolute and matured, (ii) in light of their current financial circumstances, each of the Company and the subsidiaries is able to realize upon its assets and pay its debts and other liabilities, contingent obligations and commitments as they mature and become due in the normal course of business, (iii) none of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is incurring debts or liabilities beyond its ability to pay as such debts and liabilities mature and (iv) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is engaged in any business or transaction, or proposes to engage in any business or transaction, for which its property would constitute unreasonably small capital.

(ff) Neither the Company nor any subsidiary is in violation or default of (i) any provision of its articles of association, charter or by-laws, (ii) the terms of any concession agreement, indenture, contract, lease, mortgage, deed of trust, note agreement, loan agreement or other agreement, obligation, condition, covenant or instrument to which it is a party or bound or to which its property is subject, or (iii) any statute, law, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree of any court, regulatory body, administrative agency, governmental body, arbitrator or other authority having jurisdiction over the Company or such subsidiary or any of its properties, as applicable, except, in the case of (ii) or (iii), for such violations or defaults that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(gg) Except as otherwise set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), there are no acquisitions or disposals of businesses or assets by the Company or its subsidiaries pending or currently being negotiated which would be or might reasonably be expected to be material in the context of the sale of the Offered Shares or which would require a public announcement to be made by the Company.

(hh) Except as otherwise set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has any material off-balance sheet financing.

(ii) Deloitte, S.L and Deloitte LLP., who have certified certain financial statements of the Company and delivered their respective reports with respect to certain audited financial statements and related notes and schedules included in the Disclosure Package, the Prospectus and the Registration Statement, are independent public accountants with respect to the Company within the meaning of the Act and the applicable published rules and regulations thereunder and the rules and regulations of the U.S. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board.

(jj) (i) No outstanding indebtedness of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has become due and payable before its stated maturity, nor has any security in respect of such indebtedness become enforceable by reason of default by the Company or any of its

 

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subsidiaries and no event has occurred or is, to the knowledge of the Company, pending that with the passage of time or the giving of notice or the fulfilment of any condition may result in any such indebtedness becoming so due and payable or any such security becoming enforceable; (ii) no person to whom any indebtedness of the Company or any of its subsidiaries which is payable on demand is owed has demanded or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened to demand repayment of, or to take steps to enforce any security for, such indebtedness; (iii) the amounts borrowed by the Company and each of its subsidiaries do not exceed any limitation on borrowing contained in the constitutive documents, any debenture or other deed or document binding upon such entity; (iv) any waivers received in respect of any indebtedness of the Company and each of its subsidiaries have been validly received and the Company and the relevant subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms thereof; and (v) (A) the borrowing facilities of the Company and each of its subsidiaries have been duly executed and are in full force and effect and (B) all undrawn amounts under such borrowing facilities are or will be capable of being drawn down in accordance with the terms of such borrowing facilities.

(kk) All indebtedness shown in the Company’s consolidated condensed statements of financial position as of September 30, 2014, and combined statements of financial position as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 and as of January 1, 2012 under the captions “long-term non-recourse project financing” and “short-term non-recourse project financing” or as otherwise defined as “Non-Recourse Debt” in each of the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (i) is non-recourse to the Company and (ii) has not been guaranteed by the Company.

(ll) No stamp, issuance, registration, capital, transfer or similar taxes or duties (including stamp duty reserve tax) including all related interest and penalties (“ Transfer Taxes ”) imposed by or on behalf of the U.K., Spain or the United States are payable by or on behalf of the Company or any Underwriter in connection with the purchase and sale of the Offered Shares, including, without limitation, (i) the execution and delivery of this Underwriting Agreement; (ii) the transactions prescribed by Section 3 of this Underwriting Agreement; (iii) the delivery of the Offered Shares in the manner contemplated by this Underwriting Agreement; or (iv) the sale and delivery by each such Underwriter of the Offered Shares in the manner prescribed by Section 4 of this Underwriting Agreement.

(mm) The Company and its subsidiaries have complied in all material respects with applicable requirements relating to the filing of tax returns that are required to be filed in all jurisdictions in which they are required so to file (or have duly requested and been granted extensions of the timing for filing) and have paid all taxes and duties required to be paid by any of them in all jurisdictions and have paid any related assessments, fines, interest or penalties except where the failure to file such returns and pay such taxes and duties and related assessments, fines, interest or penalties would not, in the aggregate, be material; and, except as otherwise disclosed in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, there is no tax deficiency that has been, or could reasonably be expected to be, asserted against the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets, except where such deficiency would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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(nn) The Company is entitled to receive payments of dividends and other distributions on the Preferred Stock without deduction or withholding for or on account of any tax; (ii) the charge to U.K. corporation tax on income does not apply to dividends or other distributions received by the Company from its subsidiaries; and (iii) to the extent that any subsidiary of the Company is, with respect to the Company, a CFC, the Company has a reasonable expectation that it will not be subject to a material CFC charge under section 371BC of the Taxation (International and Other Provisions) Act 2010 (“ TIOPA ”) in any accounting period (the terms “CFC” and “accounting period” in this paragraph to be read in accordance with section 371VA TIOPA and “CFC charge” as defined at section 371AA TIOPA).

(oo) No liability to tax which is material in the context of the offering of the Offered Shares has arisen or will arise to the Company or the First Dropdown Assets for tax purposes as a result of the acquisition of the First Dropdown Assets.

(pp) The Company is resident for tax purposes solely in the U.K.

(qq) Recognition in the annual combined financial statements and in the consolidated condensed interim financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries included in the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and Registration Statement of all deferred tax assets has been made in accordance with IFRS at the date of this Underwriting Agreement.

(rr) No material labor problem or dispute with the employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries exists or, to the best of the Company’s knowledge, is threatened or imminent, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its or its subsidiaries’ principal suppliers, contractors or customers, that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(ss) The Company and each of its subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized standing against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are customary in the businesses in which they are engaged; all policies of insurance insuring the Company or any of its subsidiaries or their respective businesses, assets, employees, officers and directors are in full force and effect; the Company and its subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms of such policies and instruments in all material respects; and there are no material claims by the Company or any of its subsidiaries under any such policy or instrument as to which any insurance company has in writing denied liability or defending under a reservation of rights clause; neither the Company nor any such subsidiary has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for; and neither the Company nor any such subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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(tt) Except as disclosed in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), (i) the Company is not currently prohibited, directly or indirectly, under any agreement or other instrument to which it is a party or is subject or under the current laws and regulations of England and Wales from paying, and no authorization, approval or consent of any governmental authority or agency of the U.K. or of any other jurisdiction is required in order for the Company to pay, dividends or other distributions, if and when declared by the Company to the holders of the Shares and (ii) all dividends and other distributions declared and payable on the Shares may be paid by the Company to the holders of Offered Shares (whether or not resident in the U.K. for tax purposes) in U.S. dollars or may be converted into foreign currency and freely transferred out of the U.K. and otherwise may be paid free and clear of any other tax, duty, withholding or deduction in the U.K.

(uu) No subsidiary of the Company is currently prohibited, directly or indirectly, from paying any dividends to the Company, from making any other distribution on such subsidiary’s capital stock or ownership interests, from repaying to the Company any loans or advances to such subsidiary from the Company, or from transferring any of such subsidiary’s property or assets to the Company or any other subsidiary of the Company, except (i) as described in or contemplated by the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto) or (ii) under the terms of any project financing document, including but not limited to any shareholders’ agreement, any power purchase agreement, any concession agreement or any similar document or any permits, licenses, authorizations or laws applicable to a subsidiary or a subsidiary’s property or assets.

(vv) The Company and its subsidiaries possess all licenses, certificates, permits and other authorizations issued by all applicable authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses except where the failure to so possess any such license, certificate, permit or other authorization would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and neither the Company nor any such subsidiary has received any written notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such license, certificate, authorization or permit which, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(ww) The concession agreements and power purchase agreements described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto) and entered into between the Company and/or its subsidiaries, on the one hand, and the relevant governmental or regulatory authority or other person, on the other hand (i) have been duly authorized, executed and delivered and constitute valid and legally binding agreements of the Company and/or such subsidiary, and none of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has received any notice of termination, revocation or modification with respect to any such concession agreements or power purchase agreements, as the case may be, except for any modification that is described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus or any termination, revocation or modification that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; (ii) to the extent such

 

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concessions or related projects are under construction, they will comply in all material respects with all applicable laws and regulations and with their respective concession or power purchase agreements, except for any non-compliance that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; and (iii) the financial and operating information included in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus with respect to such concessions and power purchase agreements has been properly prepared after due and careful enquiry and is accurate in all material respects.

(xx) The statistical, industry-related and market-related data included in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus are based on, or derived from, (i) sources that the Company believes to be reliable and accurate in all material respects, and such data agree in all material respects with the sources from which they are derived; or (ii) represent the Company’s good faith estimates that are made on the basis of data derived from such sources.

(yy) Neither the Company nor its subsidiaries nor the Selling Shareholder has sold or issued any securities that would be integrated with the offering of the Offered Shares pursuant to the Act or the interpretations thereof by the Commission.

(zz) The Company and each of its subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS as issued by the IASB and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company and its subsidiaries maintain a system of “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that complies with the requirements of the Exchange Act and have been designed by, or under the supervision of, management, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB. The Company and its subsidiaries’ internal controls over financial reporting are effective and the Company and its subsidiaries are not aware of any material weakness in their internal controls over financial reporting.

(aaa) The Company and its subsidiaries maintain “disclosure controls and procedures” (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act); such disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

(bbb) The statements set forth in each Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus under the caption “Related Party Transactions,” insofar as they purport to describe all material aspects of the commercial and contractual relationships between the Company and its subsidiaries, on the one hand, and its controlling shareholders, directors, officers and their respective affiliates, on the other hand, are, in each case, accurate descriptions in all material respects and fairly summarize the transactions and relationships

 

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purported to be described therein. There are no further transactions or agreements that would be required to be described in the Disclosure Package, the Prospectus or the Registration Statement under applicable laws that have not been so described. None of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has since January 1, 2011 or is currently engaged in any material transactions with its directors, officers, management, shareholders, or any other person, including persons formerly holding such positions, on terms that are not available from other parties on an arm’s-length basis.

(ccc) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its affiliates or any person acting on its or their behalf (other than the Underwriters, as to whom the Company makes no representation) has taken, or will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that would constitute or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under the Exchange Act or otherwise, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Offered Shares.

(ddd) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its affiliates has, directly or indirectly, in relation to the offering contemplated pursuant to this Underwriting Agreement or otherwise, done any act or engaged in any course of conduct in breach of Regulation M under the U.S. securities laws, or, to the knowledge of the Company, the equivalent provisions under the securities laws applicable in any other relevant jurisdiction nor, so far as the Company is aware, has any person acting on its behalf or on behalf of any of its affiliates (other than the Underwriters, as to whom the Company makes no representation) done any act or engaged in any course of conduct as described above.

(eee) Except as otherwise set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), the Company and its subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with applicable European Union, U.K., state, local and foreign law (including U.S. Federal and state law) and regulations relating to the protection of human health and safety, the environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants (“ Environmental Laws ”), (ii) have received and are in compliance with all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses and (iii) have not received written notice of any actual or potential liability under any environmental law, except where such non-compliance with Environmental Laws, failure to receive required permits, licenses or other approvals, or liability would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), neither the Company nor any of the subsidiaries has been named as a “potentially responsible party” under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended.

(fff) Each benefit, pension and compensation plan, agreement, policy and arrangement that is maintained, administered or contributed to by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their respective affiliates for current or former employees or directors

 

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of, or independent contractors with respect to, the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their respective affiliates, or with respect to which any of such entities could reasonably be expected to have any current, future or contingent liability or responsibility, has been maintained in compliance with its terms and requirements of any applicable statutes, orders, rules and regulations. The Company and each of its subsidiaries and each of their respective affiliates have complied with all applicable statutes, orders, rules and regulations in regard to such plans, agreements, policies and arrangements. The present value of all accrued benefits under each such plan, based on those assumptions used to fund such plan, as calculated by the Company’s actuaries, did not, as of the last annual valuation date prior to the date on which this representation is made, exceed the value of the assets of such plan allocable to such benefits by an amount which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The liabilities reflected on the relevant entity’s financial statements with respect to each such plan, agreement, policy and arrangement which is not required or intended to be funded accurately reflects the present value of all benefits earned or accrued or payments due under such plan, agreement, policy or arrangement determined using reasonable actuarial assumptions.

(ggg) In the ordinary course of its business, the Company periodically reviews the effect of Environmental Laws on the business, operations and properties of the Company and its subsidiaries, in the course of which it identifies and evaluates associated costs and liabilities (including, without limitation, any capital or operating expenditures required for clean-up, closure of properties or compliance with Environmental Laws, or any permit, license or approval, any related constraints on operating activities and any potential liabilities to third parties). On the basis of such review, the Company has reasonably concluded that such associated costs and liabilities would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, except as set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.

(hhh) None of the following events has occurred or exists: (i) a failure to fulfill the obligations, if any, under the minimum funding standards of Section 302 of the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ ERISA ”), and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder with respect to a Plan, determined without regard to any waiver of such obligations or extension of any amortization period; (ii) an audit or investigation by the Internal Revenue Service, the U.S. Department of Labor, the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation or any other Federal or state governmental agency or any foreign regulatory agency with respect to the employment or compensation of employees by any of the Company or any of its subsidiaries that could have a Material Adverse Effect; or (iii) any breach of any contractual obligation, or any violation of law or applicable qualification standards, with respect to the employment or compensation of employees by the Company or any of its subsidiaries that could have a Material Adverse Effect.

(iii) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has taken any action, nor have any other steps been taken or legal proceedings commenced or, so far as each of the Company and its subsidiaries is aware, threatened against the Company or any of its

 

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subsidiaries for the winding-up or dissolution or for any similar or analogous proceeding in any jurisdiction concerning the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or for the Company or any of its subsidiaries to enter into any arrangement or composition for the benefit of creditors, or for the appointment of a receiver, administrative receiver or examiner.

(jjj) There is and has been no failure on the part of the Company nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any of the Company’s directors or officers, in their capacities as such, to comply with any provision of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated in connection therewith (the “ Sarbanes-Oxley Act ”), including Section 402 relating to loans.

(kkk) Each of the Company and its subsidiaries that own operating facilities in the United States meets the requirements for, and has made the necessary filings with, or has been determined by, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (“ FERC ”) to be an exempt wholesale generator (“ EWG ”) within the meaning of Section 1262(6) of Public Utility Holding Company Act of 2005 (“ PUHCA ”). Each of the Company and its subsidiaries that is an EWG making wholesale sales not exempt from Section 205 of the Federal Power Act (“ FPA ”) is authorized by FERC pursuant to Section 205 of the FPA to sell electric power, including energy and capacity and certain ancillary services, at market-based rates and has received or applied for such waivers and blanket authorizations as are customarily granted by FERC to entities authorized to sell electric power at market-based rates, including, but not limited to, authorization to issue securities and assume obligations or liabilities pursuant to Section 204 of the FPA.

(lll) There are no pending FERC proceedings that have been docketed in FERC’s “eLibrary” system in which the EWG status, market-based rate authority or the FPA Section 204 authority of any of the Company and its subsidiaries that have such authority, is subject to withdrawal, revocation or material modification other than FERC rulemakings of general applicability.

(mmm) Any of the Company or its subsidiaries with EWG certifications or market-based rate authorizations under Section 205 of the FPA are in compliance in all material respects with the terms and conditions of all orders issued by FERC under Sections 203, 204 and 205 of the FPA.

(nnn) The Company is a “holding company” within the meaning of Section 1262(8) of PUHCA solely with respect to its ownership of one or more EWGs and, as such, is exempt from Section 1265 of PUHCA pursuant to Section 1266 of PUHCA and 18 C.F.R. § 366.3.

(ooo) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is aware of or has taken any action, directly or indirectly, that would result in a violation by such persons of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the “ FCPA ”) or of any other applicable law in any applicable jurisdiction which is broadly equivalent to the FCPA, including, without

 

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limitation, the Bribery Act 2010 of the U.K. (the “ Bribery Act ”), or which has as its objective the prevention of corruption, including, without limitation, making use of the mails or any means or instrumentality of interstate commerce corruptly in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay or authorization of the payment of any money, or other property, gift, promise to give, or authorization of the giving of anything of value to any “foreign official” (as such term is defined in the FCPA) or any foreign political party or official thereof or any candidate for foreign political office, in contravention of the FCPA; and the Company, its subsidiaries and, to the knowledge of the Company, its affiliates have conducted their businesses in compliance with the FCPA and any other applicable law in any applicable jurisdiction which is broadly equivalent to the FCPA, including, without limitation, the Bribery Act, or which has as its objective the prevention of corruption and have instituted and maintain policies and procedures designed to ensure, and which are reasonably expected to continue to ensure, continued compliance therewith.

(ppp) None of the Company, any of its subsidiaries nor, so far as the Company is aware, any director, officer, agent or employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or, to the best of the Company’s knowledge, any person acting on its or their behalf has: (i) used, or agreed to use, any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or unlawful expense relating to political activity; (ii) made, or agreed to make, any offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization of the payment of any money, or offer, gift, promise to give, or authorization of the giving of anything of value to any official or employee of any foreign or domestic government or public international organization (or person acting in an official capacity for or on behalf of any such government or organization) from, in each case, corporate funds or assets; or (iii) paid, or attempted to pay, any bribe, rebate, pay-off, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment.

(qqq) The operations of the Company and its subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements and the money laundering statutes and the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the “ Money Laundering Laws ”) and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened.

(rrr) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any of its subsidiaries (i) is currently subject to any sanctions administered imposed by the United States (including any sanctions administered or enforced by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of Treasury (“ OFAC ”) or (ii) will, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of this offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person in any manner that will result in a violation of any economic sanctions imposed by the United States (including any administered or enforced by OFAC, the U.S. Department of State, or the Bureau of Industry and Security of the U.S. Department of Commerce), the United Nations Security Council, the

 

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European Union, or the U.K. (including sanctions administered or controlled by Her Majesty’s Treasury) (collectively, “ Sanctions ” and such persons, “ Sanction Persons ”) by, or could result in the imposition of Sanctions against, any person (including any person participating in the offering, whether as underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise).

(sss) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, is a person that is, or is 50% or more owned or otherwise controlled by a person that is: (i) the subject of any Sanctions; or (ii) located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is, or whose government is, the subject of Sanctions that broadly prohibit dealings with that country or territory (currently, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan, and Syria) (collectively, “ Sanctioned Countries ” and each, a “ Sanctioned Country ”).

(ttt) The Company is not directly or indirectly concerned in, an agreement, arrangement, understanding or practice (whether or not legally binding) which is the subject of any investigation by any competent authority with jurisdiction over the Company or any of its subsidiaries in respect of any provision of any competition legislation, trade regulation or similar legislation in any applicable jurisdiction.

(uuu) The minute books and records of (i) the Company and its subsidiaries relating to proceedings of their respective shareholders, boards of directors and committees of the board of directors and (ii) of Abengoa relating to proceedings of its shareholders, boards of directors and committees of the board of directors to the extent the subject matter is any asset currently owned by the Company, made available to counsel for the Underwriters are the original minute books and records or are true, correct and complete copies thereof, with respect to all proceedings of said shareholders, boards of directors and committees since December 1, 2011 through the date hereof. In the event that definitive minutes have not been prepared with respect to any proceedings of such shareholders, boards of directors or committees, the Company has provided counsel for the Underwriters with originals or true, correct and complete copies of draft minutes or written agendas relating thereto, which drafts and agendas, if any, reflect all events that occurred in connection with such proceedings.

(vvv) The Company and its subsidiaries own or possess adequate licenses or have other rights to use, on reasonable terms, all patents, patent applications, trade and service marks, trade and service mark registrations, trade names, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets, technology, know-how and other intellectual property (collectively, the “ Intellectual Property ”) necessary for the conduct of the Company’s business as now conducted or as proposed in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus to be conducted. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), (i) there are no rights of third parties to any such Intellectual Property, except for customary reversionary rights of third-party licensors; (ii) there is no material infringement by third parties of any such Intellectual Property that is disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as owned by the Company or its subsidiaries; (iii) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others (A) challenging the Company’s rights in or to any such Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which

 

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would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; (B) challenging the validity or scope of any such Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; or (C) that the Company infringes or otherwise violates any patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret or other proprietary rights of others, and the Company is unaware of any other fact which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; and (iv) there is no prior art of which the Company is aware that may render any U.S. patent held by the Company invalid or any U.S. patent application held by the Company unpatentable which has not been disclosed to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

(www) Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), the Company does not have any material lending or other relationship with any bank or lending affiliate of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, HSBC Securities (USA) Inc. and Banco Santander, S.A.

(xxx) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor any of its or their properties or assets has any immunity from the jurisdiction of any court or from any legal process (whether through service or notice, attachment prior to judgment, attachment in aid of execution or otherwise) under the laws of any jurisdiction in which it has been incorporated or in which any of its property or assets are held.

(yyy) The Company does not believe that it was a passive foreign investment company within the meaning of Section 1297 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“ PFIC ”) for its prior taxable year and does not expect to be a PFIC for its current taxable year or in the foreseeable future.

(zzz) The Company is not an “investment company” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

(aaaa) Upon execution and delivery, this Underwriting Agreement will be in proper legal form under the laws of England and Wales for the enforcement hereof against the Company, and to ensure the legality, validity, enforceability, priority or admissibility in evidence of this Underwriting Agreement, it is not necessary that this Underwriting Agreement or any other document related hereto be filed, registered or recorded with or executed or notarized before any governmental or regulatory authority or agency of the U.K.

(bbbb) With the exception of Abengoa Transmision Sur S.A.’s senior notes due 2043, none of the Company nor its subsidiaries has any debt securities or preferred equity that is rated by any “nationally recognized statistical rating organization” (as that term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the Act).

(cccc) None of the transactions contemplated by this Underwriting Agreement will violate or result in a violation of Section 7 of the Exchange Act, or any regulation promulgated thereunder, including, without limitation, Regulations T, U, and X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and other relevant laws and regulations.

 

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(dddd) The Company is, and after giving effect to the offering and sale of the to the Offered Shares will be, a “foreign private issuer” (as such term is defined in the rules and regulations under the Act and the Exchange Act).

(eeee) The Company has duly filed with the Commission all reports required to be filed by it pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. The Company has made any and all disclosure, filing or submission to the Commission required to be made by it pursuant to Section 13(p) of the Exchange Act or any of the rules or regulations promulgated under or pursuant to Section 13(p) of the Exchange Act.

Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company and delivered to the Representatives or counsel for the Underwriters in connection with the offering of the Offered Shares shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company, as to matters covered thereby, to each Underwriter.

(ii) The Selling Shareholder represents and warrants to, and agrees with, each Underwriter that:

(a) The Selling Shareholder has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a limited company and in good standing under the laws of England and Wales.

(b) The Underwriting Agreement has been validly authorized, executed and delivered by the Selling Shareholder and the Selling Shareholder has full right, power and authority to execute and deliver this Underwriting Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder; and all action required to be taken for the due and proper authorization, execution and delivery of this Underwriting Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, except as expressly set forth herein, has been duly and validly taken.

(c) The Selling Shareholder is the beneficial owner of the Offered Shares to be sold by it hereunder free and clear of all Liens, and has full power and authority to sell its interest in the Offered Shares, and, assuming that each Underwriter acquires its interest in the Offered Shares it has purchased from such Selling Shareholder without notice of any adverse claim (within the meaning of Section 8-105 of the New York Uniform Commercial Code (“ UCC ”)), each Underwriter that has purchased such Offered Shares delivered on the Closing Date to Cede & Co. or such other nominee as may be designated by The Depository Trust Company (“ DTC ”) or other securities intermediary by making payment therefor as provided herein, and that has had such Offered Shares credited to the securities account or accounts of such Underwriters maintained with DTC or such other securities intermediary will have acquired a security entitlement (within the meaning of Section 8-102(a)(17) of the UCC) to such Offered Shares purchased by such Underwriter, and no action based on an adverse claim (within the meaning of Section 8-105 of the UCC) may be asserted against such Underwriter with respect to such Offered Shares.

(d) As of the date hereof, as of the Closing Date and as of the Option Closing Date, if any, the sale of the Offered Shares, by the Selling Shareholder is not and will not be prompted by any material information concerning the Company which is not set forth in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus.

 

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(e) The Selling Shareholder has not taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that would constitute or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under the Exchange Act or otherwise, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares.

(f) On the Closing Date and on the Option Closing Date, if any, the Selling Shareholder will not have any registration or other similar rights to have any equity or debt securities registered for sale by the Company under the Registration Statement or included in the offering contemplated by this Underwriting Agreement, other than those rights that have been disclosed in the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus.

(g) No consent, approval, authorization or order of any court or governmental agency or body is required for the consummation by the Selling Shareholder of the transactions contemplated herein, except such as may have been obtained under the Act and such as may be required under the blue sky laws of any jurisdiction in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Shares by the Underwriters and such other approvals as have been obtained.

(h) Neither the sale of the Offered Shares being sold by the Selling Shareholder, nor the consummation of any other of the transactions herein contemplated by the Selling Shareholder or the fulfillment of the terms hereof by the Selling Shareholder will conflict with, result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under (i) the articles of association, the charter or by-laws of the Selling Shareholder, (ii) the terms of any concession, indenture or other agreement or instrument to which the Selling Shareholder is a party or bound or to which its property is subject, or (iii) any statute, law, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree of any court, regulatory body, administrative agency, governmental body, arbitrator or other authority having jurisdiction over the Selling Shareholder or any of its property, as applicable, except, in the case of (ii) or (iii), for such violations or defaults that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(i) The Selling Shareholder shall not, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds received from the sale of the Offered Shares in violation of the laws and regulations referred to in Sections 1(i)(ooo) to (sss).

(j) No action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Selling Shareholder or its property is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Selling Shareholder, threatened that (i) could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the performance of this Underwriting Agreement or the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated hereby or (ii) could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, except as set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto).

 

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Any certificate signed by any officer of the Selling Shareholder and delivered to the Representatives or counsel for the Underwriters in connection with the offering of the Shares shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Selling Shareholder, as to matters covered thereby, to each Underwriter.

2. Purchase and Sale. (a) Subject to the terms and conditions and in reliance upon the representations and warranties set forth in this Underwriting Agreement, the Selling Shareholder agrees, on the Closing Date, to enter into the transactions prescribed by Section 3 hereof, and each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to pay to the Selling Shareholder, at a purchase price of $[ ] per Share (the “ Purchase Price ”), the amount of the Underwritten Shares set forth opposite such Underwriter’s name in Schedule I to this Underwriting Agreement. In connection with the offering, each Underwriter and any controlling entities and/or any of its affiliates acting as an investor for its own account may take up Underwritten Shares and in that capacity may retain, purchase or sell for its own account such Underwritten Shares and any securities of the Company or related investments and may offer or sell such securities or other investments otherwise than in connection with the offering. Accordingly, references herein or in the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus to the Underwritten Shares being offered or placed should be read as including any offering or placement of such Underwritten Shares to the Underwriters and any relevant affiliate acting in such capacity. The Underwriters do not intend to disclose the extent of any such investment or transactions otherwise than in accordance with any legal or regulatory obligation to do so.

(b) Subject to the terms and conditions and in reliance upon the representations and warranties set forth in this Underwriting Agreement, the Selling Shareholder hereby grants an option to the several Underwriters for the delivery of up to [ ] Option Shares in the manner prescribed by Section 3 hereof, severally and not jointly, at the Purchase Price per share less an amount per share equal to any dividends or distributions declared by the Company and payable on the Underwritten Shares but not payable on the Option Shares (the “ Option ”). The Option may be exercised by the Representatives, on behalf of the Underwriters, in whole or in part at any time on or before the 30th day after the date of the Prospectus upon written or telegraphic notice by the Representatives to the Selling Shareholder setting forth the number of shares of the Option Shares as to which the several Underwriters are exercising the Option and the date and time on which such Option Shares are to be sold and paid for (any such date and time of delivery and payment, an “ Option Closing Date ”). The maximum number of Option Shares which the Selling Shareholder agrees to deliver pursuant to this Section 2(b) hereof is set forth in Schedule II hereto. If any Option Shares are to be purchased, the number of Option Shares to be purchased by each Underwriter shall be the same percentage of the total number of shares of the Option Shares to be purchased by the several Underwriters as such Underwriter is purchasing of the Underwritten Shares (or such number as increased as set forth in Section 9 hereof), subject to such adjustments as you in your absolute discretion shall make to eliminate any fractional shares.

(c) All sums payable by the Company and the Selling Shareholder under this Underwriting Agreement shall be paid without set-off or counterclaim, and free and clear of and without deduction or withholding for or on account of any present or future taxes, levies,

 

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imposts, duties, fees, assessments or other charges of whatever nature and all interest, penalties or similar liabilities with respect thereto, unless such deduction or withholding is required by law. If the Company or the Selling Shareholder is required by law to deduct or withhold for or on account of tax from a payment made under this Underwriting Agreement, the Company and/or the Selling Shareholder, as applicable, shall pay such additional amounts as may be necessary so that the net amount received by the recipient of the payment is equal to the amount the recipient would have received if such deduction or withholding had not been so required.

(d) If the recipient of a payment made under this Underwriting Agreement determines that it has received a credit for or refund of any tax payable by it by reason of any deduction or withholding for or on account of tax in respect of which an additional amount has been paid pursuant to Section 2(c) above, then it shall reimburse to the other party such part of such additional amounts as the recipient of the payment determines will leave it (after such reimbursement) in no better and no worse position than it would have been if the other party had not been required to make such deduction or withholding. Nothing in Section 2(c) or (d) shall oblige a recipient to disclose to any person its tax affairs or any information it reasonably considers confidential, or shall interfere with the right of the recipient to arrange its tax affairs in whatever manner it thinks fit, or shall require any recipient to take any action to determine whether any tax credit or refund has been obtained.

(e) Where the Company or, as the case may be, the Selling Shareholder is obliged to pay any fee, commission or other sum to the Representatives (on behalf of the Underwriters) or to any Underwriter or other indemnified party pursuant to this Underwriting Agreement or in connection with the offer of the Offered Shares, and any amount in respect of VAT is properly charged on it, the Company or the Selling Shareholder (whichever is required to make the payment) shall also pay to the recipient an amount equal to the VAT payable on receipt of a valid VAT invoice.

(f) Where, pursuant to this Underwriting Agreement, a sum is paid or reimbursed to the Representatives (on behalf of the Underwriters) or to any Underwriter (for the purposes of this Section 2(f) only, each a payee), the Company or, as the case may be, the Selling Shareholder shall also pay to such payee in respect of VAT:

(i) to the extent the sum represents a reimbursement of a cost, charge or expense (except where (ii) below applies), such amount as equals any VAT charged to the payee (including where an amount in respect of VAT arises under a reverse charge mechanism) in respect of that cost, charge or expense and which the payee states is not recoverable by it by repayment or credit, that statement to be conclusive save in the case of manifest error; and

(ii) where any payment or reimbursement is in respect of or indemnification for costs, charges or expenses incurred by the payee as agent for the Company or, as the case may be, the Selling Shareholder, and except where section 47(2A) or section 47(3) of the UK Value Added

 

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Tax Act 1994 (or equivalent provisions in any other jurisdiction) applies, such amount as equals the amount included in the costs, charges and expenses in respect of VAT, provided that in such a case the payee will use reasonable endeavours to procure that the actual supplier of the goods and services which the payee received as agent issues its own VAT invoice directly to the Company or, as the case may be, the Selling Shareholder.

3. Delivery and Payment . (a) Delivery of and payment for the Underwritten Shares and the Option Shares (if the option provided for in Section 2(b) hereof shall have been exercised on or before the third Business Day immediately preceding the Closing Date) shall be made at [10:00] a.m., New York City time, on [ ], 2015, or at such time on such later date not more than three Business Days after the foregoing date as the Representatives shall designate, which date and time may be postponed by agreement between the Representatives and the Company or as provided in Section 9 hereof (such date and time of delivery and payment for the Offered Shares being herein called the “ Closing Date ”).

(b) Subject to and in accordance with the terms of this agreement, the Selling Shareholder agrees to (i) procure that GTU Ops Inc. (the “ CS Depositary Nominee ”) will transfer the Underwritten Shares to Cede & Co. (as nominee for DTC) and (ii) procure that the respective accounts of the Underwriters on the books of DTC are credited with the Underwritten Shares. In consideration for the transactions outlined above, the several Underwriters through the Representatives agree to transfer the purchase price to or upon the order of the Selling Shareholder, by wire transfer payable in same-day funds to an account specified by the Selling Shareholder.

(c) If the Option provided for in Section 2(b) hereof is exercised after the third Business Day immediately preceding the Closing Date, the Selling Shareholder will deliver the Option Shares to the Representatives, in accordance with the same settlement and delivery mechanism provided for in respect of the Underwritten Shares under Section 3(a) hereof, at 388 Greenwich Street, New York, New York, on the Option Closing Date specified by the Representatives (which shall be within three Business Days after exercise of said option) for the respective accounts of the several Underwriters, against payment by the several Underwriters through the Representatives of the purchase price thereof to or upon the order of the Selling Shareholder by wire transfer payable in same-day funds to an account specified by the Selling Shareholder. If the Option Closing Date occurs after the Closing Date, the Selling Shareholder will deliver to the Representatives on the Option Closing Date, and the obligation of the Underwriters to purchase the Option Shares shall be conditioned upon receipt of, supplemental opinions, certificates and letters confirming as of such date the opinions, certificates and letters delivered on the Closing Date pursuant to Section 6 hereof.

(d) The Selling Shareholder undertakes to ensure that prior to the Closing Date, Computershare Trust Company, N.A. (the “ CS Depositary ”) will issue it with depositary receipts evidencing its ownership of the Offered Shares. The Selling Shareholder also undertakes to ensure that the share register of the Company is updated to reflect the transfer of legal ownership of the Offered Shares to the CS Depositary Nominee.

 

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4. Offering by Underwriters . It is understood that the several Underwriters propose to offer the Offered Shares for sale to the public as set forth in the Prospectus. Any transfer or delivery of Offered Shares shall only be made through the facilities of DTC and any agreement for the transfer of any Offered Shares shall only be made in respect of Offered Shares held within the facilities of DTC in accordance with the settlement and delivery mechanisms provided for in Section 3(a) above.

5. Agreements.

(i) The Company and the Selling Shareholder jointly and severally agree with the several Underwriters that:

(a) Prior to the termination of the offering of the Offered Shares, the Company will not file any amendment of the Registration Statement or supplement to the Prospectus or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement unless the Company has furnished you a copy for your review prior to filing and will not file any such proposed amendment or supplement to which you reasonably object. The Company will cause the Prospectus, properly completed, and any supplement thereto to be filed in a form approved by the Representatives with the Commission pursuant to the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) within the time period prescribed and will provide evidence satisfactory to the Representatives of such timely filing. The Company will promptly advise the Representatives (i) when the Prospectus, and any supplement thereto, shall have been filed (if required) with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) or when any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement shall have been filed with the Commission; (ii) when, prior to termination of the offering of the Offered Shares, any amendment to the Registration Statement shall have been filed or become effective; (iii) of any request by the Commission or its staff for any amendment of the Registration Statement, or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, or for any supplement to the Prospectus or for any additional information; (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any notice objecting to their use or the institution or threatening of any proceeding for that purpose; and (v) of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Offered Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the institution or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose. The Company will use its reasonable best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order or the occurrence of any such suspension or objection to the use of the Registration Statement and, upon such issuance, occurrence or notice of objection, to obtain as soon as possible the withdrawal of such stop order or relief from such occurrence or objection, including, if necessary, by filing an amendment to the Registration Statement or a new registration statement and using its reasonable best efforts to have such amendment or new registration statement declared effective as soon as practicable.

(b) If, at any time prior to the filing of the Prospectus pursuant to Rule 424(b), any event occurs as a result of which the Disclosure Package would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under which they were made or the circumstances then prevailing not misleading, the Company will (i) notify promptly the Representatives so that any use of the Disclosure Package may cease until it is amended or supplemented; (ii) amend or supplement the Disclosure Package to correct such statement or omission; and (iii) supply any amendment or supplement to you in such quantities as you may reasonably request.

 

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(c) If during any time when a prospectus relating to the Offered Shares is required to be delivered under the Act (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172) any event occurs as a result of which the Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under which they were made or the circumstances then prevailing not misleading, or if it shall be necessary to amend the Registration Statement or supplement the Prospectus to comply with the Act or the rules thereunder, the Company promptly will (i) notify the Representatives of any such event; (ii) prepare and file with the Commission, subject to the second sentence of paragraph (a) of this Section 5, an amendment or supplement which will correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance; and (iii) supply any amended or supplemented Prospectus to you in such quantities as you may reasonably request.

(d) As soon as practicable, the Company will make generally available to its security holders and to the Representatives an earnings statement or statements of the Company and its subsidiaries which will satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Act and Rule 158 under the Act.

(e) The Company will furnish to the Representatives and counsel for the Underwriters, without charge, upon request, signed copies of the Registration Statement (including exhibits thereto) and to each other Underwriter a copy of the Registration Statement (without exhibits thereto) and, so long as delivery of a prospectus by an Underwriter or dealer may be required by the Act (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172) as many copies of each Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and any supplement thereto as the Representatives may reasonably request.

(f) The Company will use its reasonable best efforts to arrange, if necessary, for the qualification of the Offered Shares for sale under (or obtain exemptions from the application of) the laws of such jurisdictions as the Representatives may reasonably designate and will maintain such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Offered Shares; provided that in no event shall the Company be obligated to qualify to do business in any jurisdiction where it is not now so qualified or to take any action that would subject it to service of process in suits, other than those arising out of the offering or sale of the Offered Shares, in any jurisdiction where it is not now so subject. The Company will promptly advise the Representatives of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Offered Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose.

(g) The Company will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the Offered Shares by the Selling Shareholder.

 

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(h) The Company will comply with all applicable securities and other applicable laws, rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the Sarbanes Oxley Act, and will use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Company’s directors and officers, in their capacities as such, to comply with such laws, rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the provisions of the Sarbanes Oxley Act.

(i) If the Representatives, in their sole discretion, agree to release or waive the restrictions set forth in the Lock-Up Agreements described in Section 6(r) hereof for the Company, the Selling Shareholder, an officer or director of the Company and provide the Company with notice of the impending release or waiver at least three Business Days before the effective date of the release or waiver, the Company agrees to announce the impending release or waiver by a press release in a form substantially satisfactory to the Representatives through a major news service at least two Business Days before the effective date of the release or waiver.

(j) The Company and the Selling Shareholder will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that would constitute or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under the Exchange Act or otherwise, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Offered Shares.

(k) The Selling Shareholder agrees to pay the costs and expenses relating to the following matters: (i) the preparation, printing or reproduction and filing with the Commission of the Registration Statement (including financial statements and exhibits thereto), each Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and each amendment or supplement to any of them; (ii) the printing (or reproduction) and delivery (including postage, air freight charges and charges for counting and packaging) of such copies of the Registration Statement, each Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and all amendments or supplements to any of them, as may, in each case, be reasonably requested for use in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares; (iii) the preparation, printing, authentication, issuance and delivery of certificates for the Shares, including any Transfer Taxes payable by it in accordance with Section 5(ii)(d); (iv) the printing (or reproduction) and delivery of this Agreement, any blue sky memorandum and all other agreements or documents printed (or reproduced) and delivered in connection with the offering of the Offered Shares; (v) any registration or qualification of the Shares for offer and sale under the securities or blue sky laws of the several states (including filing fees and the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel for the Underwriters relating to such registration and qualification); (vi) any filings required to be made with FINRA (including filing fees and the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel for the Underwriters relating to such filings); (vii) the transportation and other expenses incurred by or on behalf of Company representatives in connection with presentations to prospective purchasers of the Offered Shares; (viii) the fees and expenses of the Company’s accountants and the fees and expenses of counsel (including local and special counsel) for the Company and the Selling Shareholder; (ix) the fees and expenses of counsel for the Underwriters (including Canadian counsel); and (x) all other costs and expenses incurred by the Company or the Selling Shareholder or incident to the performance by the Company and the Selling Shareholder of their obligations hereunder. The

 

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Underwriters shall pay their own expenses in connection with the offering, other than the fees and disbursements of their counsel. Additionally, the Underwriters agree to reimburse the Selling Shareholder for certain of its expenses in connection with the offering up to an aggregate amount of $[ ].

(l) The Company agrees that, unless it has or shall have obtained the prior written consent of the Representatives, and each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees with the Company that, unless it has or shall have obtained, as the case may be, the prior written consent of the Company, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Offered Shares that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute a “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405) required to be filed by the Company with the Commission or retained by the Company under Rule 433; provided that the prior written consent of the parties hereto shall be deemed to have been given in respect of the Free Writing Prospectuses included in Schedule II hereto and any electronic road show. Any such free writing prospectus consented to by the Representatives or the Company is hereinafter referred to as a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.” The Company agrees that (x) it has treated and will treat, as the case may be, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and (y) it has complied and will comply, as the case may be, with the requirements of Rules 164 and 433 applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing with the Commission, legending and record keeping.

(m) The Company and the Selling Shareholder shall not distribute any offering materials in connection with the offering of the Offered Shares other than the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, and pricing information or other materials, if any, consented to in advance by the Representatives.

(n) The Company will notify promptly the Representatives if the Company ceases to be an Emerging Growth Company at any time prior to the later of (a) completion of the distribution of the Offered Shares within the meaning of the Act and (b) completion of the restricted period contained in the lock-up letter executed by the Company and referred to in Section 6(r) hereof.

(o) If at any time following the distribution of any Written Testing-the-Waters Communication, any event occurs as a result of which such Written Testing-the-Waters Communication would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under which they were made at such time not misleading, the Company will (i) notify promptly the Representatives so that use of the Written Testing-the-Waters Communication may cease until it is amended or supplemented; (ii) amend or supplement the Written Testing-the-Waters Communication to correct such statement or omission; and (iii) supply any amendment or supplement to the Representatives in such quantities as may be reasonably requested.

(p) The Company will use its reasonable best efforts to maintain the listing of the Shares (including the Offered Shares) on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

 

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(q) The Company intends to calculate earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. Federal income tax principles.

(r) The Company shall undertake the actions set forth in the MOU only after analyzing and addressing all implications for the Company and its shareholders and taking into account, among other things, any adverse tax consequences. The Company and the Selling Shareholder shall not, during the period in which the MOU is in effect, implement any transaction that would result in the Selling Shareholder owning less than 51% of the Company’s shares by number or vote unless the Company reasonably determines, based on the advice from a U.S. advisor of recognized standing with respect to U.S. federal income tax matters, that it is more likely than not that the Company will not become a PFIC solely as a result of the implementation of any such transaction.

(s) Neither the Company, the Selling Shareholder, nor any affiliate of either of them, shall, directly or indirectly, issue, offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of (or enter into any transaction which is designed to, or might reasonably be expected to, result in the disposition of (whether by actual disposition or effective economic disposition due to cash settlement or otherwise)) Shares, or take any other action with respect to Shares or otherwise, which would conflict with, result in a breach or violation of, constitute a change of control or other event giving rise to any right of acceleration or termination or other right under, constitute a Debt Repayment Triggering Event under, or result in the imposition of any Lien upon any property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries pursuant to, the terms of any concession agreement, power purchase agreement, indenture, contract, lease, mortgage, deed of trust, note agreement, loan agreement or other agreement, obligation, condition, covenant or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their affiliates, the Selling Shareholder or any of its affiliates or the Abengoa Transaction Parities is party or bound or to which its or their property is subject, except, in each case, (i) after giving effect to any waiver, amendment or consent thereto or (ii) that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or materially adversely affect the Underwriters’ ability to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Underwriting Agreement.

(ii) The Selling Shareholder agrees with the several Underwriters that:

(a) The Selling Shareholder will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that would constitute or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under the Exchange Act or otherwise, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares.

(b) The Selling Shareholder represents that it has not prepared or had prepared on its behalf or used or referred to, and agrees that it will not prepare or have prepared on its behalf or use or refer to, any Free Writing Prospectus, and has not distributed and will not distribute any written materials in connection with the offer or sale of the Shares.

(c) The Selling Shareholder agrees to pay its own costs and expenses relating to the offering.

(d) Without prejudice to Section 5(i)(k), the Selling Shareholder undertakes with respect to the Offered Shares to pay and bear any Transfer Tax and promptly to account to

 

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the relevant tax authority for the same, and otherwise to indemnify the Underwriters against any Transfer Tax, in each case to the extent that such Transfer Tax arises in connection with the purchase and sale of the Offered Shares pursuant to this Underwriting Agreement, including (without limitation): (i) the transactions prescribed by Section 3; (ii) the delivery of the Offered Shares in the manner prescribed by this Underwriting Agreement; and (iii) the sale and delivery by each such Underwriter of the Offered Shares in the manner prescribed by Section 4 of this Underwriting Agreement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, no other provision of this Underwriting Agreement shall require either the Selling Shareholder to reimburse or indemnify the Underwriters for any Transfer Taxes falling within the ambit of this Section 5(ii)(d).

6. Conditions to the Obligations of the Underwriters . The obligations of the Underwriters to purchase the Underwritten Shares and the Option Shares, as the case may be, shall be subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company and the Selling Shareholder contained in this Underwriting Agreement as of the Execution Time, the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date, if any, pursuant to Section 3 hereof, to the accuracy of the statements of the Company and the Selling Shareholder made in any certificates pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by the Company and the Selling Shareholder of their obligations under this Underwriting Agreement and to the following additional conditions:

(a) The Prospectus, and any supplement thereto, shall have been filed in the manner and within the time period required by Rule 424(b); any material required to be filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act shall have been filed with the Commission within the applicable time periods prescribed for such filings by Rule 433; and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any notice objecting to their use shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been instituted or threatened.

(b) The Selling Shareholder shall have requested and caused Linklaters LLP, counsel for the Company and the Selling Shareholder with respect to the laws of England and Wales, to have furnished prior to the Closing Date to the Representatives their opinion or opinions, as the case may be, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Representatives to the effect set forth in Exhibit A.

(c) The Selling Shareholder shall have requested and caused Linklaters LLP, counsel for the Company and the Selling Shareholder with respect to U.S. Federal, New York state and Delaware law, to have furnished prior to the Closing Date to the Representatives their opinion or opinions, as the case may be, each dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Representatives to the effect set forth in Exhibit B-1 and B-2.

(d) The Selling Shareholder shall have requested and caused Linklaters LLP, counsel for the Company and the Selling Shareholder with respect to U.K. tax law, to have furnished prior to the Closing Date and to the Representatives their opinion or opinions, as the case may be, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Representatives to the effect set forth in Exhibit C.

 

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(e) The Selling Shareholder shall have requested and caused Linklaters S.L.P, counsel for the Company with respect to Spanish law, to have furnished prior to the Closing Date to the Representatives their opinion or opinions, as the case may be, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Representatives to the effect set forth in Exhibit D.

(f) The Selling Shareholder shall have requested and caused Santamarina y Steta, counsel for the Company with respect to Mexican law, to have furnished prior to the Closing Date to the Representatives their opinion or opinions, as the case may be, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Representatives to the effect set forth in Exhibit E.

(g) The Selling Shareholder shall have requested and caused Miranda & Amado Abogados, counsel for the Company with respect to Peruvian law, to have furnished prior to the Closing Date to the Representatives their opinion or opinions, as the case may be, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Representatives to the effect set forth in Exhibit F.

(h) The Selling Shareholder shall have requested and caused SFME Advogados, counsel for the Company with respect to Brazilian law, to have furnished prior to the Closing Date to the Representatives their opinion or opinions, as the case may be, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Representatives to the effect set forth in Exhibit G.

(i) The Selling Shareholder shall have requested and caused in-house counsel for the Company with respect to Arizona and California law and U.S. Federal Law, to have furnished prior to the Closing Date to the Representatives their opinion or opinions, as the case may be, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Representatives to the effect set forth in Exhibit H.

(j) The Representatives shall have received prior to the Closing Date from Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, U.S. counsel for the Underwriters, such U.S. law opinion or opinions, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Representatives, with respect to the issuance and sale of the Offered Shares, the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package, the Prospectus (together with any supplement thereto) and other related matters as the Representatives may reasonably require, and the Company and the Selling Shareholder shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as they reasonably request for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon such matters.

(k) The Representatives shall have received prior to the Closing Date from Davis Polk & Wardwell London LLP, U.K. counsel for the Underwriters, such U.K. law opinion or opinions, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Representatives, with respect to the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package, the Prospectus (together with any supplement thereto) and other related matters as the Representatives may reasonably require, and the Company and the Selling Shareholder shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as they reasonably request for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon such matters.

(l) The Company shall have furnished prior to the Closing Date to the Representatives a certificate of the Company, executed by a Director, substantially in the form

 

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of Exhibit I, of the resolutions passed by the General Meeting of the Company and by the Board of Directors authorizing, among other things, the filing of the Registration Statement and the execution by the Company of this Underwriting Agreement.

(m) The Company shall have furnished prior to the Closing Date to the Representatives a certificate of the Company, signed by the Chief Executive Officer and the principal financial or accounting officer of the Company, substantially in the form of Exhibit J, dated the Closing Date, to the effect that the signers of such certificate have carefully examined the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package, the Prospectus, and any amendment or supplement thereto, as well as each electronic road show used in connection with the offering contemplated hereby, and the Underwriting Agreement and that:

(i) the representations and warranties of the Company in the Underwriting Agreement are true and correct on and as of the Closing Date with the same effect as if made on the Closing Date and the Company has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to the Closing Date;

(ii) no stop order suspending the effectiveness or use of the Registration Statement, nor any notice objecting to its use, has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened; and

(iii) since the date of the most recent financial statements included in the Disclosure Package, the Prospectus and the Registration Statement (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), there has been no Material Adverse Effect, except as set forth in or contemplated in the Disclosure Package, the Prospectus and the Registration Statement (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto).

(n) The Selling Shareholder shall have furnished to the Representatives a certificate of the Selling Shareholder, executed by the Chairman of the Board or the President and the principal financial or accounting officer of the Selling Shareholder, substantially in the form of Exhibit K, dated the Closing Date, to the effect that the representations and warranties of the Selling Shareholder in this Underwriting Agreement are true and correct in all material respects on and as of the Closing Date to the same effect as if made on the Closing Date.

(o) The Company shall have furnished at the Execution Time to the Representatives a certificate of the Company, executed by the Chief Financial Officer and the Principal Accounting Officer of the Company, substantially in the form of Exhibit L, with respect to certain financial and other information contained in the Prospectus, to the effect that:

(i) the signatory has responsibility for the Company’s financial and accounting matters and is familiar with the accounting, operations, controls and records systems, including the internal control over the financial reporting, of the Company’s group (the “ Company Records ”); and

 

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(ii) the signatory has read and supervised the compilation and review of the financial, operating and other data identified by a “circle” on the selected pages from the Preliminary Prospectus attached thereto as Appendix 1 and the selected pages from the Prospectus attached thereto as Appendix 2 (together, the “ Identified Information ”). The Identified Information is derived from the Company Records and other reliable sources. The signatory has performed, or has supervised and had relevant members of her or his staff perform procedures and adequate controls to verify the accuracy of the Identified Information against the Company Records and other reliable sources. Based on this review, to the best of the signatory’s knowledge, after due and careful inquiry, such Identified Information is correct, complete and accurate and not misleading in any material respect.

(p) The Company shall have requested and caused Deloitte, S.L. to have furnished to the Representatives letters, at the Execution Time, dated as of the Execution Time, and as of the Closing Date (the latter which shall have a cutoff date as of the date hereof), in form and substance satisfactory to the Representatives.

(q) Subsequent to the Execution Time or, if earlier, the dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus (in each case, exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), there shall not have been (i) any change or decrease specified in the letter or letters referred to in paragraph (r) of this Section 6 or (ii) any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), earnings, business or properties of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, except as set forth in or contemplated in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto) the effect of which, in any case referred to in clause (i) or (ii) above, is, in the judgment of the Representatives, so material and adverse as to make it impractical or inadvisable to proceed with the offering or delivery of the Offered Shares as contemplated by the Registration Statement (exclusive of any amendment thereof), the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto).

(r) Prior to the Execution Time, the Company shall have furnished to the Representatives a letter (each such letter, a “ Lock-Up Agreement ”), addressed to the Representatives, substantially in the form of Exhibits M-1, M-2 and M-3 hereto, from each of the following persons: the Company, the Selling Shareholder, each other Abengoa entity holding Shares of the Company (if any), Mr. Manuel Sanchez Ortega, Mr. Santiago Seage, Mr. Eduard Soler, Mr. Manuel Silvan, Mr. Emiliano Garcia, Mr. Antonio Merino, Mr. David Esteban, Ms. Irene M. Hernandez , Mr. William B. Richardson, Mr. Christopher Standlee, Mrs. Maria Esteruelas, Mr. Eduardo Kausel, Mr. Daniel Villalba, Mr. Jack Robinson, Mr. Enrique Alarcon and Mr. Juan del Hoyo (such persons and entities, collectively, the “ Lock-Up Agreement Signatories ”).

(s) Prior to the Execution Time, the Transaction Documents shall have been executed and the Company shall have provided the Underwriters execution copies thereof.

(t) Prior to the Closing Time, the Company and the Selling Shareholder shall have furnished to the Representatives such further information, certificates and documents as the Representatives may reasonably request.

 

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If any of the conditions specified in this Section 6 shall not have been fulfilled (or waived by the Representatives in the name and on behalf of the Underwriters) when and as provided in this Underwriting Agreement, or if any of the opinions and certificates mentioned above or elsewhere in this Underwriting Agreement shall not be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Representatives and counsel for the Underwriters, this Underwriting Agreement and all obligations of the Underwriters hereunder may be terminated at, or at any time prior to, the Closing Date by the Representatives. Notice of such termination shall be given to the Company and the Selling Shareholder in writing or by telephone or facsimile confirmed in writing.

The documents required to be delivered by this Section 6 shall be delivered at the office of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, at Paseo de la Castellana 41, Madrid 28046, Spain, on the Closing Date.

7. Reimbursement of Underwriters’ Expenses . If the sale of the Offered Shares provided for in this Underwriting Agreement is not consummated because any condition to the obligations of the Underwriters set forth in Section 6 hereof is not satisfied, because of any termination pursuant to Section 10 hereof or because of any refusal, inability or failure on the part of the Company or the Selling Shareholder to perform any agreement in this Underwriting Agreement or comply with any provision hereof other than by reason of a default by any of the Underwriters, the Selling Shareholder will reimburse the Underwriters severally through the Representatives on demand for all reasonable and documented expenses (including all reasonable fees and disbursements of U.S., U.K. and Canadian counsel) that shall have been incurred by them in connection with the proposed purchase and sale of the Offered Shares.

8. Indemnification and Contribution . (a) The Company and the Selling Shareholder jointly and severally agree to indemnify and hold harmless (on an after tax basis) each Underwriter, the directors, officers, employees and agents of each Underwriter and each person who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act and each affiliate of any Underwriter within the meaning of the Act against any and all losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which they or any of them may become subject under the Act, the Exchange Act or other U.S. Federal or state statutory law or regulation, at common law, under any non-U.S. law or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement as originally filed or in any amendment thereof, or in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Disclosure Package, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or any Written Testing-the-Waters Communication, or in any Prospectus, or in any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, or any road show presentation of the Company, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and agrees to reimburse each such indemnified party, as incurred, for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by it in connection with investigating or defending

 

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any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; provided , however , that the Company and the Selling Shareholder will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon any such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made therein in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of any Underwriter through the Representatives specifically for inclusion therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by or on behalf of any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in Section 8(c). This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Company or the Selling Shareholder may otherwise have.

(b) The Selling Shareholder agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who signs the Registration Statement, each Underwriter, the directors, officers, employees and agents of each Underwriter and each person who controls the Company or any Underwriter within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act, to the same extent as the foregoing indemnity from the Company to each Underwriter, but only with reference to written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of the Selling Shareholder specifically for inclusion in the documents referred to in the foregoing indemnity. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Selling Shareholder may otherwise have.

(c) Each Underwriter severally and not jointly agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who signs the Registration Statement, and each person who controls the Company within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act, and the Selling Shareholder and each person who controls the Selling Shareholder within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act to the same extent as the foregoing indemnity from the Company and the Selling Shareholder to each Underwriter, but only with reference to written information relating to such Underwriter furnished to the Company by or on behalf of such Underwriter through the Representatives specifically for inclusion in the documents referred to in the foregoing indemnity. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which any Underwriter may otherwise have. The Company and the Selling Shareholder acknowledge that the statements set forth (i) in the next-to-last paragraph of the cover page regarding delivery of the Shares and, under the caption “Underwriting”, (ii) the list of Underwriters and their respective participation in the sale of the Offer Shares, (iii) the sentence related to concessions and reallowances, and (iv) the paragraphs related to short sales, stabilization, and syndicate covering transactions in the “Underwriting” section in each Preliminary Prospectus, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus constitute the only information furnished in writing by or on behalf of the several Underwriters for inclusion in the Registration Statement, each Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus.

(d) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 8 of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under this Section 8, notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the failure to so notify the indemnifying party (i) will not relieve the indemnifying party from liability under paragraph (a), (b) or (c)

 

37


above unless and to the extent it did not otherwise learn of such action and such failure results in the forfeiture by the indemnifying party of substantial rights and defenses and (ii) will not, in any event, relieve the indemnifying party from any obligations to any indemnified party other than the indemnification obligation provided in paragraph (a), (b) or (c) above. The indemnifying party shall be entitled to appoint counsel of the indemnifying party’s choice at the indemnifying party’s expense to represent the indemnified party in any action for which indemnification is sought (in which case the indemnifying party shall not thereafter be responsible for the fees and expenses of any separate counsel retained by the indemnified party or parties except as set forth below); provided , however , that such counsel shall be reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party. Notwithstanding the indemnifying party’s election to appoint counsel to represent the indemnified party in an action, the indemnified party shall have the right to employ separate counsel (including local counsel), and the indemnifying party shall bear the reasonable fees, costs and expenses of such separate counsel if (i) the use of counsel chosen by the indemnifying party to represent the indemnified party would present such counsel with a conflict of interest; (ii) the actual or potential defendants in, or targets of, any such action include both the indemnified party and the indemnifying party and the indemnified party shall have reasonably concluded that there may be legal defenses available to it and/or other indemnified parties which are different from or additional to those available to the indemnifying party; (iii) the indemnifying party shall not have employed counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party to represent the indemnified party within a reasonable time after notice of the institution of such action; (iv) the indemnifying party shall authorize the indemnified party to employ separate counsel at the expense of the indemnifying party; (v) an Underwriter (in respect of a claim against it or any of its indemnified parties) gives notice to an indemnifying party that its insurers require it not to allow such participation or assumption of (or continued participation in or assumption of) the defense of the action; or (vi) in the reasonable judgment of an indemnified party its position and interests would be adversely affected by the indemnifying party’s participation in or assumption of (or continued participation in or assumption of) the defense of such action. It is understood and agreed that the indemnifying party shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one separate firm (in addition to any local and/or regulatory counsel) for all indemnified parties, and that all such fees and expenses shall be paid or reimbursed as they are incurred. An indemnifying party will not, without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any pending or threatened claim, action, suit or proceeding in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties to such claim or action) unless such settlement, compromise or consent (i) includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such claim, action, suit or proceeding, and (ii) does not include any statement as to an admission of fault, culpability or failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party.

(e) In the event that the indemnity provided in paragraph (a), (b) or (c) of this Section 8 is unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party for any reason, the Company and the Selling Shareholder, jointly and severally, and the Underwriters severally agree to contribute to the aggregate losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including legal or

 

38


other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with investigating or defending the same) (collectively, “ Losses ”) to which the Company, the Selling Shareholder and one or more of the Underwriters may be subject in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company and the Selling Shareholder on the one hand and by the Underwriters on the other from the offering of the Offered Shares; provided , however , that in no case shall any Underwriter (except as may be provided in any agreement among underwriters relating to the offering of the Offered Shares) be responsible for any amount in excess of the underwriting discount or commission applicable to the Offered Shares purchased by such Underwriter hereunder. If the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is unavailable for any reason, the Company and the Selling Shareholder, jointly and severally, and the Underwriters severally shall contribute in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company and the Selling Shareholder on the one hand and of the Underwriters on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such Losses as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. Benefits received by the Company and the Selling Shareholder shall be deemed to be equal to the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by it, and benefits received by the Underwriters shall be deemed to be equal to the total underwriting discounts and commissions, in each case as set forth on the cover page of the Prospectus. Relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any untrue or any alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information provided by the Company or the Selling Shareholder on the one hand or the Underwriters on the other, the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such untrue statement or omission. The Company, the Selling Shareholder and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution were determined by pro rata allocation or any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above. Notwithstanding the provisions of this paragraph (d), no person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes of this Section 8, each person who controls an Underwriter within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act and each director, officer, employee and agent of an Underwriter shall have the same rights to contribution as such Underwriter, and each person who controls the Company within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act, each officer of the Company who shall have signed the Registration Statement and each director of the Company shall have the same rights to contribution as the Company, subject in each case to the applicable terms and conditions of this paragraph (d).

9. Default by an Underwriter . If any one or more Underwriters shall fail to purchase and pay for any of the Offered Shares agreed to be purchased by such Underwriter or Underwriters hereunder and such failure to purchase shall constitute a default in the performance of its or their obligations under this Underwriting Agreement, the remaining Underwriters shall be obligated severally to take up and pay for (in the respective proportions which the amount of Offered Shares set forth opposite their names in Schedule I hereto bears to the aggregate amount of Offered Shares set forth opposite the names of all the remaining Underwriters) the Offered Shares which the defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase;

 

39


provided , however , that in the event that the aggregate amount of Offered Shares which the defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase shall exceed 10% of the aggregate amount of Offered Shares set forth in Schedule I hereto, the remaining Underwriters shall have the right to purchase all, but shall not be under any obligation to purchase any, of the Offered Shares and if such non-defaulting Underwriters do not purchase all the Offered Shares this Underwriting Agreement will terminate without liability to any non-defaulting Underwriter, the Selling Shareholder or the Company. In the event of a default by any Underwriter as set forth in this Section 9, the Closing Date shall be postponed for such period, not exceeding five Business Days, as the Representatives shall determine in order that any required changes in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or in any other documents or arrangements may be effected. Nothing contained in this Underwriting Agreement shall relieve any defaulting Underwriter of its liability, if any, to the Company, the Selling Shareholder and any non-defaulting Underwriter for damages occasioned by its default hereunder.

10. Termination .

(a) This Underwriting Agreement shall be subject to termination of the Representatives, by notice given to the Company prior to delivery and payment of the Offered Shares, if, in the judgment of the Representatives, at any time prior to such time there shall have occurred any of the following: (i) since the time of execution of this Underwriting Agreement or the earlier respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus (in each case, exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto), there has been a material adverse change, or any development reasonably likely to result in a prospective material adverse change, in the business, properties, management, financial condition or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, considered as a single business enterprise and whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, the effect of which change or development is, in the judgment of the Representatives, so material and adverse as to make it impractical or inadvisable to proceed with the offering or the delivery of the Offered Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in each Preliminary Prospectus, the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus; (ii) a general banking moratorium has been declared by European Union, Spanish, U.K., U.S. Federal or New York State authorities or there is a material disruption in commercial banking or securities settlement, payment or clearance services in the European Union, Spain, the U.K., the United States or New York State; (iii) there has occurred a suspension or material limitation in trading in the Company’s Shares or securities generally on, or minimum or maximum prices shall have been established in, any of the Spanish Stock Exchanges, the London Stock Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange or the NASDAQ Global Select Market; or (iv) there has occurred (A) any change or any development involving a prospective change in the national or international financial, political or economic conditions, any financial markets or any currency exchange rates or controls, (B) an outbreak or escalation of hostilities or acts of terrorism or a declaration of a national emergency or war, or (C) any other calamity or crisis, if the effect of any such event specified in this Section 10(a)(iv), individually or together with any other such event, in the judgment of the Representatives, is so material and adverse as to make it impractical or inadvisable to proceed with the offering or the delivery of the Offered Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendment or supplement thereto).

 

40


(b) The Representatives may terminate this Underwriting Agreement, by notice to the Company, in the following circumstances: (i) any judicial or administrative authority suspends or revokes the offer of the Offered Shares prior to the Closing Date or (ii) any of the conditions set forth in Section 6 hereof shall not have been met by the Closing Date.

(c) In the event of termination of this Underwriting Agreement pursuant to this Section 10, all offers of the Offered Shares will be automatically terminated and all offers to purchase and all purchase orders related to the offering shall be cancelled, and the Company shall have no obligation to deliver the Offered Shares and the Underwriters shall have no obligation to purchase the Offered Shares.

11. Representations and Indemnities to Survive . The respective agreements, representations, warranties, indemnities and other statements of the Company or its officers, of the Selling Shareholder and of the Underwriters set forth in or made pursuant to this Underwriting Agreement will remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter, the Selling Shareholder or the Company or any of the officers, directors, employees, agents or controlling persons referred to in Section 8 hereof, and will survive delivery of and payment for the Offered Shares. The provisions of Sections 7, 8, 11, 16, 17 and 18 hereof shall survive the termination or cancellation of this Underwriting Agreement.

12. Notices . All communications hereunder will be in writing and effective only on receipt, and, (i) if sent to the Representatives, will be delivered and telefaxed to Citigroup Global Markets Inc. General Counsel (facsimile: (212) 816 7912) and confirmed to the General Counsel; and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, at One Bryant Park, New York, New York 10036, facsimile: (646) 855 3074, Attention: Syndicate Department with a copy to facsimile: (212) 230 8730, Attention: ECM Legal, (ii) if sent to the Company, will be delivered and telefaxed to Abengoa Yield plc, Great House West, GW1, 17 th floor, Great West Road, Brentford, United Kingdom, TW8 9DF or, if sent to the Selling Shareholder, will be delivered and telefaxed to it at the address set forth in Schedule II hereto.

13. Successors . This Underwriting Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective successors and the officers and directors, employees, agents and controlling persons referred to in Section 8 hereof, and no other person will have any right or obligation hereunder.

14. No Fiduciary Duty . The Company and the Selling Shareholder hereby acknowledge that (i) the purchase and sale of the Offered Shares pursuant to this Underwriting Agreement is an arm’s-length commercial transaction between the Company and the Selling Shareholder, on the one hand, and the Underwriters and any affiliate through which they may be acting, on the other, (ii) the Underwriters are acting as principal and not as an agent or fiduciary of the Company or the Selling Shareholder and (iii) the Company’s engagement of the Underwriters in connection with the offering and the process leading up to the offering is as

 

41


independent contractors and not in any other capacity. Furthermore, the Company and the Selling Shareholder agree that it is solely responsible for making its own judgments in connection with the offering (irrespective of whether any of the Underwriters has advised or is currently advising the Company or the Selling Shareholder on related or other matters). The Company and the Selling Shareholder agree that it will not claim that the Underwriters have rendered advisory services of any nature or respect, or owe an agency, fiduciary or similar duty to the Company or the Selling Shareholder, in connection with such transaction or the process leading thereto. Each of the Company and the Selling Shareholder has consulted its own legal and financial advisors to the extent it deemed appropriate, and any review by the Representatives and the other Underwriters of the Company, the offering, the terms of the Offered Shares and other matters relating thereto will be performed solely for the benefit of the Representatives and Underwriters and shall not be on behalf of the Company, the Selling Shareholder or any other person.

15. Integration . This Underwriting Agreement supersedes all prior agreements and understandings (whether written or oral) between the Company, the Selling Shareholder and the Underwriters, or any of them, with respect to the subject matter hereof.

16. Applicable Law . This Underwriting Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts made and to be performed within the State of New York.

17. Waiver of Jury Trial . The Company, the Selling Shareholder and the Underwriters hereby irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Underwriting Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.

18. Jurisdiction . The Company and the Selling Shareholder hereby agree that any suit, action or proceeding against the Company or the Selling Shareholder brought by any Underwriter, the directors, officers, employees and agents of any Underwriter, or by any person who controls any Underwriter, arising out of or based upon this Underwriting Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby may be instituted in any New York Court, and waives any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding, and irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any suit, action or proceeding. Each of the Company and the Selling Shareholder has appointed Abengoa Solar LLC as its authorized agent (the “ Authorized Agent ”) upon whom process may be served in any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon this Underwriting Agreement or the transactions contemplated herein which may be instituted in any New York Court, by any Underwriter, the directors, officers, employees and agents of any Underwriter, or by any person who controls any Underwriter, and expressly accepts the non-exclusive jurisdiction of any such court in respect of any such suit, action or proceeding. Each of the Company and the Selling Shareholder hereby represents and warrants that the Authorized Agent has accepted such appointment and has agreed to act as said agent for service of process, and the Company agrees to take any and all action, including the filing of any and all documents that may be necessary to continue such appointment in full force and effect as aforesaid. Service of process upon the Authorized Agent shall be deemed, in every respect, effective service of process upon the Company or the Selling Shareholder, as the case may be.

 

42


The provisions of this Section 18 shall survive any termination of this Underwriting Agreement, in whole or in part.

19. Waiver of Immunity . To the extent that the Company has or hereafter may acquire any immunity (sovereign or otherwise) from any legal action, suit or proceeding, from jurisdiction of any court or from set-off or any legal process (whether service or notice, attachment in aid or otherwise) with respect to itself or any of its property, the Company hereby irrevocably waives and agrees not to plead or claim such immunity in respect of its obligations under this Underwriting Agreement.

20. Currency . Each reference in this Underwriting Agreement to U.S. Dollars (the “ relevant currency ”) is of the essence. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the obligations of the Company in respect of any amount due under this Underwriting Agreement will, notwithstanding any payment in any other currency (whether pursuant to a judgment or otherwise), be discharged only to the extent of the amount in the relevant currency that the party entitled to receive such payment may, in accordance with its normal procedures, purchase with the sum paid in such other currency (after any premium and costs of exchange) on the Business Day immediately following the day on which such party receives such payment. If the amount in the relevant currency that may be so purchased for any reason falls short of the amount originally due, the Company making such payment will pay such additional amounts, in the relevant currency, as may be necessary to compensate for the shortfall. Any obligation of any of the Company not discharged by such payment will, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, be due as a separate and independent obligation and, until discharged as provided herein, will continue in full force and effect.

21. Counterparts . This Underwriting Agreement may be signed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same agreement.

22. Headings . The section headings used in this Underwriting Agreement are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

23. Definitions . The terms which follow, when used in this Underwriting Agreement, shall have the meanings indicated:

Act ” shall mean the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

Business Day ” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions or trust companies are authorized or obligated by law to close in New York City.

 

43


Commission ” shall mean the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

Disclosure Package ” shall mean (i) the Preliminary Prospectus that is generally distributed to investors and used to offer the Offered Shares, (ii) the Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, identified in Schedule III hereto, and (iii) any other Free Writing Prospectus that the parties hereto shall hereafter expressly agree in writing to treat as part of the Disclosure Package.

Effective Date ” shall mean each date and time that the Registration Statement, any post-effective amendment or amendments thereto and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement became or becomes effective.

Exchange Act ” shall mean the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

Execution Time ” shall mean the date and time that this Underwriting Agreement is executed and delivered by the parties hereto.

Free Writing Prospectus ” shall mean a free writing prospectus, as defined in Rule 405.

IFRS ” shall mean International Financial Reporting Standards.

IFRS as issued by the IASB ” shall mean IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

Issuer Free Writing Prospectus ” shall mean an issuer free writing prospectus, as defined in Rule 433.

New York Court ” shall mean any U.S. Federal or State court located in the State of New York, County of New York.

Preliminary Prospectus ” shall mean any preliminary prospectus referred to in Section 1(a) hereof and any preliminary prospectus included in the Registration Statement at the Effective Date that omits Rule 430A Information.

Prospectus ” shall mean the prospectus relating to the Offered Shares that is first filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) after the Execution Time.

Registration Statement ” shall mean the registration statement (file number 333- 200848) of the Company on Form F-1, including exhibits and financial statements and any prospectus supplement relating to the Offered Shares that is filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) and deemed part of such registration statement pursuant to Rule 430A, as amended at the Execution Time and, in the event any post-effective amendment thereto or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement becomes effective prior to the Closing Date, shall also mean such registration statement as so amended or such Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, as the case may be.

 

44


Representatives ” shall mean the addressees of this Underwriting Agreement.

Rule 158 ,” “ Rule 172 ,” “ Rule 405 ,” “ Rule 424 ,” “ Rule 430A, ” “ Rule 433 ” and “ Rule 462 ” refer to such rules under the Act.

Rule 430A Information ” shall mean information with respect to the Offered Shares and the offering thereof permitted to be omitted from the Registration Statement when it becomes effective pursuant to Rule 430A.

Rule 462(b) Registration Statement ” shall mean a registration statement and any amendments thereto filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) relating to the offering covered by the registration statement referred to in Section 1(a) hereof.

Underwriting Agreement ” shall mean this Underwriting Agreement relating to the sale of the Offered Shares by the Selling Shareholder to the Underwriters.

VAT ” shall mean (a) within the European Union, such taxation as may be levied in accordance with (but subject to derogation from) the Directive of the Council of the European Union on the common system of value added tax (2006/112/EEC); and (b) outside the European Union, any other taxation substantially similar to the common system of value added tax referred to in (a) of this definition.

If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return to us the enclosed duplicate hereof, whereupon this letter and your acceptance shall represent a binding agreement among the Company, the Selling Shareholder and the several Underwriters.

 

45


Very truly yours,
ABENGOA YIELD PLC
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:


Very truly yours,
ABENGOA CONCESSIONS INVESTMENTS LIMITED
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:


The foregoing Underwriting Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted as of the date first above written.
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
By:  

 

Name:   [ ]
Title:   [ ]
For itself and the other several Underwriters named in Schedule I to the foregoing Underwriting Agreement


The foregoing Underwriting Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted as of the date first above written.
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated
By:  

 

Name:   [ ]
Title:   [ ]
For itself and the other several Underwriters named in Schedule I to the foregoing Underwriting Agreement


SCHEDULE I

 

Underwriters

   Number of
Underwritten
Shares
 

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

     [

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith

                      Incorporated

     [

HSBC Securities (USA) Inc.

     [

Banco Santander, S.A.

     [
  

 

 

 

Total

     [


SCHEDULE II

 

Selling Shareholder

   Number of Option
Shares
 

Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited

Great West House, GW1, 17th Floor, Great West Road,

Brentford, TW8 9DF, United Kingdom

(Facsimile: [ ])

     [
  

 

 

 

Total

     [


SCHEDULE III

Schedule of Free Writing Prospectuses included in the Disclosure Package


SCHEDULE IV

Transaction Documents

 

    Asset Transfer Agreement between Abengoa Yield plc and Abengoa, S.A. dated September 22, 2014.

 

    Usufruct over the Shares of the company Carpio Solar Inversiones, S.A. among CSP Equity Investment, S.a.r.l., Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S.A., Carpio Solar Inversiones, S.A., Abengoa Concessions Infrastructures, S.L.U. and Abengoa Solar España, S.A. dated November 18, 2014.

 

    Assignment of Loan to the Sponsors Agreement among Abengoa Concessions Infrastructures, S.L.U., Abengoa Solar España, S.A. and Solar Processes, S.A. dated December 4, 2014 (in respect of the December 5, 2011 loan).

 

    Assignment Agreement of Intercompany Loan among Abengoa Yield Plc, Abengoa Solar España, S.A. and Carpio Solar Inversiones, S.A. dated November 18, 2014.

 

    Assignment Agreement of Subordinated Debt Loan among Abengoa Yield Plc, Abengoa Solar España, S.A. and Sanlúcar Solar, S.A. dated December 4, 2014 (in respect of April 14, 2005 loan).

 

    Assignment Agreement of Subordinated Debt Loan among Abengoa Yield Plc, Abengoa Solar España, S.A. and Sanlúcar Solar, S.A. dated December 4, 2014 (in respect of February 15, 2012 loan).

 

    Assignment Agreement of Subordinated Debt Loan among Abengoa Yield Plc, Abengoa Solar España, S.A. and Solar Processes, S.A. dated December 4, 2014.

 

    Share Sale and Purchase Agreement among Abengoa Solar España, S.A., Asa Environment & Energy Holding AG and Abengoa Concessions Infrastructures, S.L.U. dated December 4, 2014.

 

    Stock Sale and Purchase Agreement among Abengoa Solar España, S.A., Instalaciones Inabensa S.A. and Abengoa Concessions Infrastructures, S.L.U. dated December 4, 2014.

 

    Assignment of Loan to the Sponsors Agreement among Abengoa Concessions Infrastructures, S.L.U., Abengoa Solar España, S.A. and Solar Processes, S.A. dated December 4, 2014 (in respect of the May 10, 2012 loan).

 

    Assignment of Participative Loan Agreement among Abengoa Concessions Infrastructures, S.L.U., Abengoa Solar España, S.A. and Sanlúcar Solar, S.A. dated December 4, 2014.


    Assignment Agreement of Intercompany Participative Loan among Abengoa Concessions Infrastructures, S.L.U., Abengoa Solar España, S.A. and Carpio Solar Inversiones, S.A. dated November 18, 2014.

 

    Share Purchase Agreement among Instalaciones Inabensa, S.A., Enertey, S.A., Banitod S.A. and Abengoa Concessions Infrastructures, S.L.U. dated December 29, 2014.


SCHEDULE V

Transaction Documents

 

    Amended and restated Right of First Offer Agreement between Abengoa Yield plc and Abengoa, S.A. dated December 9, 2014.

 

    Call Option Agreement between Abengoa Yield plc and Abengoa, S.A. dated December 9, 2014.

 

    Governance Memorandum of Understanding between Abengoa Yield plc and Abengoa, S.A. dated December 9, 2014.

 

    Parent Support Agreement among Abengoa Yield plc, Abengoa Concessoes Brasil Holding S.A. and Abengoa, S.A. dated December 9, 2014.


SCHEDULE VI

List of Subsidiaries

Abengoa Cogeneración Tabasco, S. de R.L. de C.V.

Abengoa Concessions Infrastructures, S.L.

Abengoa Concessions Perú, S.A.

Abengoa Solar US Holdings Inc.

Abengoa Solar Holdings USA Inc.

Abengoa Transmisión Norte, S.A.

Abengoa Transmisión Sur, S.A.

ACT Holding S.A. de C.V.

ASO Holdings Company LLC

Arizona Solar One LLC

Banitod S.A.

Cadonal S.A.

Mojave Solar Holdings LLC

Mojave Solar LLC

Palmatir, S.A.

Palmucho, S.A.

Solaben Electricidad Dos, S.A.

Solaben Electricidad Tres, S.A.

Sanlúcar Solar, S.A.

Solar Processes, S.A.

Solacor Electricidad Uno, S.A.

Solacor Electricidad Dos, S.A.

Transmisora Mejillones, S.A.

Transmisora Baquedano, S.A.


EXHIBIT M-1

[Letterhead of Abengoa Yield Plc]

Abengoa Yield Plc

Ordinary Shares

January [ ], 2015

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

388 Greenwich Street

New York, New York 10013

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated

One Bryant Park

New York, New York 10036

As Representatives of the several Underwriters

Ladies and Gentlemen:

This letter is being delivered to you in connection with the Underwriting Agreement (the “ Underwriting Agreement ”) to be entered into among Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited, a limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “ Selling Shareholder ”), Abengoa Yield plc, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “ Company ”) and you as Representatives of the Underwriters named therein, relating to an underwritten public offering by the Selling Shareholder of certain ordinary shares, $0.10 nominal value per share (the “ Shares ”) of the Company. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the Underwriting Agreement.

In order to induce you and the other Underwriters to enter into the Underwriting Agreement, the undersigned will not, without the prior written consent of the Representatives, offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge, or otherwise dispose of, (or enter into any transaction which is designed to, or might reasonably be expected to, result in the disposition (whether by actual disposition or effective economic disposition due to cash settlement or otherwise) by the Company or any affiliate of the Company or any person in privity with the Company or any affiliate of the Company) directly or indirectly, including the filing (or participation in the filing) of a registration statement with the Commission in respect of, or establish or increase a put equivalent position or liquidate or decrease a call equivalent position within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act, any Shares, or any securities convertible into, or exercisable, or exchangeable for, Shares, or publicly announce an intention to effect any such transaction, for a period of 60 days from the date of this letter (such period, the “ Restricted Period ”), provided, however, that the Company may issue and sell Shares pursuant to any employee stock option plan, stock ownership plan or dividend reinvestment plan of the Company in effect at the date hereof, including, without limitation, pursuant to the filing by the Company of any registration statement on Form S-8 with the Commission relating to the offering of securities pursuant to the terms of such incentive or similar plans.

 

M-1-1


EXHIBIT M-1

 

If for any reason the Underwriting Agreement is not entered into by February 11, 2015, the agreement set forth above shall be terminated on such date. Further, if for any reason the Underwriting Agreement shall be terminated prior to the Closing Date (as defined in the Underwriting Agreement), the agreement set forth above shall likewise be terminated.

 

Yours very truly,
ABENGOA YIELD PLC
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:

 

M-1-2


EXHIBIT M-2

[Letterhead of Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited]

Abengoa Yield Plc

Ordinary Shares

January [ ], 2015

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

388 Greenwich Street

New York, New York 10013

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated

One Bryant Park

New York, New York 10036

As Representatives of the several Underwriters

Ladies and Gentlemen:

This letter is being delivered to you in connection with the Underwriting Agreement (the “ Underwriting Agreement ”) to be entered into among Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited, a limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “ Selling Shareholder ”), Abengoa Yield plc, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “ Company ”) and you as Representatives of the Underwriters named therein, relating to an underwritten public offering by the Selling Shareholder of certain ordinary shares, $0.10 nominal value per share (the “ Shares ”) of the Company. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the Underwriting Agreement.

In order to induce you and the other Underwriters to enter into the Underwriting Agreement, the undersigned will not, without the prior written consent of the Representatives, offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge, or otherwise dispose of, (or enter into any transaction which is designed to, or might reasonably be expected to, result in the disposition (whether by actual disposition or effective economic disposition due to cash settlement or otherwise) by the Selling Shareholder or any affiliate of the Selling Shareholder or any person in privity with the Selling Shareholder or any affiliate of the Selling Shareholder) directly or indirectly, including the filing (or participation in the filing) of a registration statement with the Commission in respect of, or establish or increase a put equivalent position or liquidate or decrease a call equivalent position within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act, any Shares, or any securities convertible into, or exercisable, or exchangeable for, Shares, or publicly announce an intention to effect any such transaction, for a period of 90 days from the date of this letter (such period, the “ Restricted Period ”), provided, however, that the Selling Shareholder may sell the Shares being sold pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement.

 

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EXHIBIT M-2

 

If for any reason the Underwriting Agreement is not entered into by February 11, 2015, the agreement set forth above shall be terminated on such date. Further, if for any reason the Underwriting Agreement shall be terminated prior to the Closing Date (as defined in the Underwriting Agreement), the agreement set forth above shall likewise be terminated.

 

Yours very truly,
ABENGOA CONCESSIONS INVESTMENTS LIMITED
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:

 

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EXHIBIT M-3

[Letterhead of officer or director of Abengoa Yield Plc]

Abengoa Yield Plc

Ordinary Shares

January [ ], 2015

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

388 Greenwich Street

New York, New York 10013

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated

One Bryant Park

New York, New York 10036

As Representatives of the several Underwriters

Ladies and Gentlemen:

This letter is being delivered to you in connection with the Underwriting Agreement (the “ Underwriting Agreement ”) to be entered into among Abengoa Concessions Investments Limited, a limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “ Selling Shareholder ”), Abengoa Yield plc, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “ Company ”) and you as Representatives of the Underwriters named therein, relating to an underwritten public offering by the Selling Shareholder of certain ordinary shares, $0.10 nominal value per share (the “ Shares ”) of the Company. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the Underwriting Agreement.

In order to induce you and the other Underwriters to enter into the Underwriting Agreement, the undersigned will not, without the prior written consent of the Representatives, offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge, or otherwise dispose of (or enter into any transaction which is designed to, or might reasonably be expected to, result in the disposition (whether by actual disposition or effective economic disposition due to cash settlement or otherwise) by the undersigned or any affiliate of the undersigned or any person in privity with the undersigned or any affiliate of the undersigned) directly or indirectly, including the filing (or participation in the filing) of a registration statement with the Commission in respect of, or establish or increase a put equivalent position or liquidate or decrease a call equivalent position within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act, any Shares or any securities convertible into, or exercisable, or exchangeable for Shares, or publicly announce an intention to effect any such transaction, for a period of 90 days from the date of this letter (such period, the “ Restricted Period ”), other than transfers of Shares or any securities convertible into, or exercisable, or exchangeable for Shares (A) as a bona fide gift or gifts, including as a result of the operation of law or estate or intestate succession, (B) if the undersigned is a natural person, to (i) a member of the immediate family of the undersigned (for purposes of this letter, “immediate family” shall mean any relationship by blood, marriage, or adoption,

 

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EXHIBIT M-3

 

not more remote than first cousin), (ii) any trust for the direct or indirect benefit of the undersigned or the immediate family of the undersigned or (iii) a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity of which the undersigned and the immediate family of the undersigned are the direct or indirect legal and beneficial owners of all the outstanding equity securities or similar interests of such corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity; (C) if the undersigned is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity, to (i) any trust or other entity for the direct or indirect benefit of the undersigned or any affiliate, wholly-owned subsidiary, limited partner, member or stockholder of the undersigned or (ii) a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity of which the undersigned and any affiliate, wholly-owned subsidiary, limited partner, member or stockholder of the undersigned are the direct or indirect legal and beneficial owners of all the outstanding equity securities or similar interests of such corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity; (D) to partners, members or shareholders of the undersigned; and (E) to the undersigned’s affiliates or to any investment fund or other entity controlled or managed by the undersigned; provided that in the case of any transfer or distribution pursuant to clause (A), (B), (C), (D) or (E), each donee or distributee shall execute and deliver to the Representatives a lock-up letter in the form of this letter.

If the undersigned is an officer or director of the Company, the undersigned further agrees that the foregoing provisions shall be equally applicable to any issuer-directed Shares the undersigned may purchase in the offering.

If for any reason the Underwriting Agreement is not entered into by February 11, 2015, the agreement set forth above shall be terminated on such date. Further, if for any reason the Underwriting Agreement shall be terminated prior to the Closing Date (as defined in the Underwriting Agreement), the agreement set forth above shall likewise be terminated.

 

Yours very truly,
[Signature of officer or director]
[Name and address of officer or director]

 

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Exhibit 21.1

List Of Subsidiaries Of Abengoa Yield Plc

 

Subsidiary

  

Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization

Abengoa Cogeneración Tabasco, S. de R.L. de C.V.

  

Mexico

Abengoa Concessions Infrastructures, S.L.

  

Spain

Abengoa Concessions Perú, S.A.

  

Peru

Abengoa Solar US Holdings Inc.

  

Delaware

Abengoa Solar Holdings USA Inc.

  

Delaware

Abengoa Transmisión Norte, S.A.

  

Peru

Abengoa Transmisión Sur, S.A.

  

Peru

ACT Holding S.A. de C.V.

  

Mexico

ASO Holdings Company LLC

  

Delaware

Arizona Solar One LLC

  

Delaware

Mojave Solar Holdings LLC

  

Delaware

Mojave Solar LLC

  

Delaware

Banitod S.A.

  

Uruguay

Cadonal S.A.

  

Uruguay

Palmatir, S.A.

  

Uruguay

Palmucho, S.A.

  

Chile

Solaben Electricidad Dos, S.A.

  

Spain

Solaben Electricidad Tres, S.A.

  

Spain

Transmisora Mejillones, S.A.

  

Chile

Transmisora Baquedano, S.A.

  

Chile

Sanlúcar Solar, S.A.

  

Spain

Solar Processes, S.A.

  

Spain

Solacor Electricidad Uno, S.A.

  

Spain

Solacor Electricidad Dos, S.A.

  

Spain

Exhibit 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the use in this Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form F-1 of our report dated February 28, 2014, (which report expresses an unqualified opinion and contains an explanatory paragraph in relation to 1) the basis of preparation of the combined financial statements as a combination of the historical accounts of companies that compose the Abengoa Concessions Businesses (which is the accounting predecessor of Abengoa Yield plc) that include expense allocations for certain corporate functions historically provided by Abengoa, S.A. which may not be reflective of the actual expense which would have been incurred had the Abengoa Concessions Businesses operated as a separate entity apart from Abengoa, S.A. and 2) the adoption of IFRS 10 for all years presented in the combined financial statements) relating to the combined financial statements of Abengoa Yield plc appearing in the Prospectus, which is part of this Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement.

/s/ Deloitte, S.L.

Seville, Spain

January 12, 2015

Exhibit 23.2

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the use in this Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form F-1 of our report dated April 1, 2014, relating to the financial statement of Abengoa Yield plc (formerly Abengoa Yield Limited) appearing in the Prospectus, which is a part of such Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement.

We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Prospectus.

/s/ DELOITTE LLP

London, United Kingdom

January 12, 2015