UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 8-K

 

 

CURRENT REPORT

PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported): May 11, 2016

 

 

ADVERUM BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   001-36579   20-5258327

(State or Other Jurisdiction

of Incorporation)

 

(Commission

File No.)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

1035 O’Brien Drive, Suite A

Menlo Park, CA 94025

(Address of principal executive offices, including Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (650) 272-6269

 

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

 

¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

 

¨ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a–12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a–12)

 

¨ Pre-commencement communication pursuant to Rule 14d–2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d–2(b))

 

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e–4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e–4(c))

 

 

 


Item 1.01 Entry into a Material Agreement

On May 11, 2016 (the “ Closing Date ”), Adverum Biotechnologies, Inc., formerly known as Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc. (the “ Company ”), completed its previously announced acquisition of all the outstanding shares of Annapurna Therapeutics SAS, a French simplified joint stock company (“ Annapurna ”), in accordance with the terms of the acquisition agreement (the “ Agreement ”) dated as of January 29, 2016, as amended on April 6, 2016, by and among the Company, Annapurna, the shareholders (the “ Contributors ”) of Annapurna and Shareholder Representative Services LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, acting as the representative of the Contributors (such acquisition, together with the other transactions contemplated by the Agreement, the “ Transaction ”).

As a condition to the closing of the Transaction, on the Closing Date, the Company amended and restated its Amended and Restated Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of April 16, 2014, and each Contributor became a party to such Second Amended and Restated Investor Rights Agreement (the “ Investor Rights Agreement ”). Pursuant to the Investor Rights Agreement, the Contributors and the other stockholders of the Company party thereto have, among other things, certain demand and “piggyback” registration rights under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”) with respect to their registrable shares, subject to certain limitations. “Registrable shares” for purposes of the Investor Rights Agreement constitutes shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “ Company Common Stock ”), that were issued previously upon conversion of convertible preferred stock of the Company, as part of the Stock Issuance (as defined in Item 2.01 below) in connection with the Transaction, or as a stock dividend or exchange for any of the foregoing shares, in each case, excluding any shares (i) sold by any person to the public, (ii) sold in a private transaction in which the transferor’s rights under the Investor Rights Agreement are not assigned or (iii) that are transferable without volume limitations pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act.

The registration rights of holders of registrable securities will terminate upon the earlier of August 5, 2017 and at such time as such holder holds less than 1% of the outstanding Company Common Stock and all registrable shares held by such holder and its affiliates may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 during any 90-day period without limitation.

The Investor Rights Agreement will terminate upon the earlier of August 5, 2017 and a consolidation or merger of the Company with or into any other entity or person in which the shares of our capital stock immediately prior to such transaction do not represent a majority of the voting power of the surviving entity.

The foregoing description of the Investor Rights Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Investor Rights Agreement, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 4.1 hereto and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 2.01 Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets.

As disclosed under Item 1.01 above, on the Closing Date, the Company completed its previously announced acquisition of all the outstanding shares of Annapurna and, as a result, Annapurna is now a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.

Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, on the Closing Date, the Company issued 14,087,246 shares (the “ New Shares ”) of Company Common Stock to the Contributors in exchange for all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Annapurna (the “ Stock Issuance ). The outstanding options or other rights to purchase capital stock of Annapurna were converted into options relating to shares of the Company Common Stock (the “ Company Options ”).


As previously disclosed, the Company’s stockholders approved the Stock Issuance at the Company’s 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on May 10, 2016.

The foregoing description of the Agreement and the Transaction does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Agreement and Amendment No. 1 to the Agreement, copies of which are filed as Exhibits 2.1 and 2.2 hereto, respectively, and are incorporated herein by reference.

Upon completion of the Transaction, the Company changed its name to “Adverum Biotechnologies, Inc.”. The Company’s shares of common stock listed on The NASDAQ Global Market, previously trading through the close of business on Wednesday, May 11, 2016 under the ticker symbol “AAVL,” will commence trading on The NASDAQ Global Market under the ticker symbol “ADVM” on Thursday, May 12, 2016. The Company’s common stock has a new CUSIP number, 00773U108.

A copy of the press release announcing the completion of the Transaction and the change of the Company’s corporate name is attached as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 3.02 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities.

On the Closing Date, pursuant to the Agreement, the Company issued the New Shares to the Contributors in connection with the closing of the Transaction. The sale and issuance of the New Shares were not registered under the Securities Act in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, since, among other things, the sale and issuance of the New Shares did not involve a public offering and were acquired by the Contributors not with a view to the distribution thereof.

The certificates representing the New Shares contain a legend to the effect that such shares are not registered under the Securities Act and may not be sold or transferred except pursuant to a registration statement which has become effective under the Securities Act or pursuant to an exemption from such registration.

The New Shares are subject to further restrictions on transfer contained in the Investor Rights Agreement.

Additional information pertaining to the Stock Issuance and the Transaction is contained in Item 2.01 and incorporated herein by reference.

Item 3.03 Material Modification to Rights of Security Holders

Reference is made to the description set forth under Item 1.01 above with respect to the Investor Rights Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference.


Item 5.02 Departure of Directors or Principal Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Principal Officers

(c) Effective on the Closing Date, the Company’s board of directors appointed Amber Salzman, Ph.D., as President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company, Carlo Russo, M.D., as Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer of the Company, Mehdi Gasmi, Ph.D., the Company’s current interim Chief Scientific Officer, as Chief Technology Officer of the Company, and Samuel B. Barone, M.D., the Company’s current Chief Medical Officer, as Senior Vice President, Clinical Development of the Company. Paul B. Cleveland, the Company’s current President, Chief Executive Officer and interim Chief Financial Officer, will continue in his positions as Chief Executive Officer and interim Chief Financial Officer of the Company and as a member of the Company’s board of directors.

Amber Salzman, Ph.D.

Biographical information regarding Dr. Salzman and a description of her offer letter and change in control and severance agreement with the Company were previously disclosed in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 1, 2016, and such disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.

In connection with the Transaction, Dr. Salzman received 629,766 shares of Company Common Stock in exchange for her Annapurna capital stock. There are no other transactions between Dr. Salzman and the Company requiring disclosure under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K.

Pursuant to the terms of her offer letter, upon the Closing Date, the Company granted Dr. Salzman Company Options to purchase 218,000 shares of Company Common Stock (the “ Salzman Option ”), pursuant to the inducement grant exception under NASDAQ Rule 5635(c)(4), as an inducement that is material to Dr. Salzman in connection with her employment with the Company. The Salzman Option will have a per share exercise price equal to the closing sales price of the Company Common Stock on NASDAQ on the Closing Date. The Salzman Option will vest as to 25% of the total shares subject to the Salzman Option on the first anniversary of the Closing Date, and as to 1/48 of the total shares subject to the Salzman Option each month thereafter, so that the Salzman Option will be fully vested and exercisable as of the fourth anniversary of the Closing Date. The foregoing description of the Salzman Option is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the form of inducement stock option agreement for Drs. Salzman and Russo, a copy of which is filed hereto as Exhibit 10.3.

Carlo Russo, M.D.

In accordance with the Agreement, Dr. Russo and the Company entered into an at-will employment agreement on January 29, 2016 (the “ Russo Offer Letter ”), which became effective upon his appointment as Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer on the Closing Date. Under the terms of the Russo Offer Letter, Dr. Russo will receive an annual base salary of $440,000 and will be eligible for an annual target bonus equal to 40% of his base salary earned during the bonus year based on the attainment of certain individual and corporate performance objectives to be determined by the Company’s board of directors.

In addition, pursuant to the terms of the Russo Offer Letter, upon the Closing Date, the Company granted Dr. Russo Company Options to purchase 66,000 shares of Company Common Stock (the “ Russo Option ”), pursuant to the inducement grant exception under NASDAQ Rule 5635(c)(4), as an inducement that is material to Dr. Russo in connection with his employment with the Company. The Russo Option will have a per share exercise price equal to the closing sales price of the Company Common Stock on NASDAQ on the Closing Date. The Russo Option will vest as to 25% of the total shares subject to the Russo Option on the first anniversary of the Closing Date, and as to 1/48 of the total shares subject to the Russo Option each month thereafter, so that the Russo Option will be fully vested and exercisable as of the fourth anniversary of the Closing Date.


The Company entered into its standard proprietary information and invention assignment agreement with Dr. Russo.

Concurrently with the execution of the Russo Offer Letter, the Company and Dr. Russo entered into a Change in Control and Severance Agreement (the “ Russo Severance Agreement ”), which became effective upon Dr. Russo’s appointment as an officer of the Company on the Closing Date. Pursuant to the Russo Severance Agreement, in the event of a termination without Cause or a Constructive Termination (each as defined in the Russo Severance Agreement) more than three months prior to a Change in Control (as defined in the Russo Severance Agreement) or more than twelve months after a Change in Control, Dr. Russo will be entitled to (i) nine months of base salary and (ii) up to nine months of continued healthcare coverage. In the event of a termination without Cause or a Constructive Termination, in each case, within the period commencing three months prior to a Change in Control and ending twelve months following a Change in Control, Dr. Russo will be entitled to (i) an amount equal to the sum of (x) his base salary and (y) his target annual bonus for the year in which such termination occurs, payable in a lump sum, (ii) up to twelve months of continued healthcare coverage and (iii) the accelerated vesting of all of his outstanding equity awards. The benefits described above are conditioned upon Dr. Russo executing and not revoking a release of claims against the Company.

The foregoing descriptions of the Russo Offer Letter and Russo Severance Agreement are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of such agreements, copies of which are filed hereto as Exhibits 10.1 and 10.2, respectively. The foregoing description of the Russo Option is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the form of inducement stock option agreement for Drs. Salzman and Russo, a copy of which is filed hereto as Exhibit 10.3.

Biographical information regarding Dr. Russo is included in the Company’s definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A (the “ Proxy Statement ”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 7, 2016, and is incorporated herein by reference.

There are no family relationships between Dr. Russo and any director or executive officer of the Company, or any person nominated or chosen by the Company to become a director or executive officer. There are no arrangements or understandings between Dr. Russo and any other persons pursuant to which he was selected to serve as Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer of the Company following the Closing Date, other than the Agreement. There are no transactions with the Company in which Dr. Russo has a direct or indirect material interest requiring disclosure under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K.

(d) Under the Agreement, Annapurna was given the right to appoint three directors to the Company’s board of directors upon the Closing Date. On May 10, 2016, in accordance with the terms of the Agreement, the Company’s board of directors increased the size of the board of directors from five to seven directors and appointed Thomas Woiwode, Ph.D. as a Class I director of the Company, Dr. Salzman as a Class II director of the Company and Mitchell H. Finer, Ph.D. as a Class III director of the Company, in each case to be effective on the Closing Date. In addition, effective on the Closing Date, the Company’s board of directors appointed Dr. Woiwode to serve on the Company’s audit committee.

There are no arrangements or understandings between Drs. Salzman, Woiwode and Finer and any other person pursuant to which they were elected as directors, other than the Agreement.


Information concerning Dr. Salzman’s related party transactions is set forth in section 5.02(c) above, and is incorporated by reference into this section 5.02(d).

Dr. Woiwode is a managing director of Versant Ventures IV, LLC, the general partner of Versant Capital IV (Switzerland) GmbH (“ Versant Capital ”). In connection with the Transaction, Versant Capital and its affiliates collectively received 7,003,893 shares of Company Common Stock in exchange for their Annapurna capital stock. There are no other transactions between Dr. Woiwode or Versant Capital or its affiliates, on the one hand, and the Company, on the other hand, requiring disclosure under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K.

There are no transactions between Dr. Finer and the Company requiring disclosure under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K.

Item 5.03. Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year .

On the Closing Date, the Company filed a certificate of amendment (the “ Certificate of Amendment ”) to its amended and restated certificate of incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware to change its corporate name to “Adverum Biotechnologies, Inc.” The Certificate of Amendment became effective upon filing.

In addition, on the Closing Date, an amendment to the Company’s bylaws (the “ Amended and Restated Bylaws ”) became effective, which amendment made conforming changes to the text of the Company’s bylaws to reflect the change of the name of the Company to “Adverum Biotechnologies, Inc.”

Copies of the Certificate of Amendment and Amended and Restated Bylaws are filed as Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and are incorporated herein by reference.

Item 8.01. Other Events.

On May 12, 2016, the Company announced the closing of the Transaction and the change of its corporate name. A copy of the press release is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 and is incorporated by reference herein.

Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(a) Financial Statements of Business Acquired . The financial statements of Annapurna required by Rule 3-05 of Regulation S-X in connection with the Transaction were previously included in the Proxy Statement. Pursuant to the General Instruction B.3 of Form 8-K, no additional financial statements of Annapurna are required to be filed.

(b) Pro Forma Financial Information . The pro forma financial information required by Article 11 of Regulation S-X in connection with the Transaction were previously included in the Proxy Statement. Pursuant to General Instruction B.3 of Form 8-K, no additional pro forma financial statements are required to be filed.


(d) Exhibits

 

Exhibit No.

  

Description

2.1    Acquisition Agreement, dated as of January 29, 2016, by and among Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc., Annapurna Therapeutics SAS, the Contributors, and Shareholder Representative Services LLC as the Contributors’ Representative (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 1, 2016).
2.2    Amendment No. 1 to the Acquisition Agreement, dated as of April 6, 2016 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 7, 2016).
3.1    Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on May 11, 2016
3.2    Amended and Restated Bylaws of Adverum Biotechnologies, Inc.
4.1    Second Amended and Restated Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of May 11, 2016, by and among Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc. and certain of its stockholders.
10.1    Offer Letter, dated January 29, 2016, by and between Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc. and Carlo Russo.
10.2    Change in Control and Severance Agreement, dated January 29, 2016, by and between Carlo Russo and Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc.
10.3    Form of Inducement Stock Option Agreement for Drs. Salzman and Russo
99.1    Press Release, dated May 12, 2016.


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

Date: May 12, 2016    

ADVERUM BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.

      By:  

/s/ Paul B. Cleveland

        Paul B. Cleveland, Chief Executive Officer


EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit No.

  

Description

2.1    Acquisition Agreement, dated as of January 29, 2016, by and among Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc., Annapurna Therapeutics SAS, the Contributors, and Shareholder Representative Services LLC as the Contributors’ Representative (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 1, 2016).
2.2    Amendment No. 1 to the Acquisition Agreement, dated as of April 6, 2016 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 7, 2016).
3.1    Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on May 11 ,2016
3.2    Amended and Restated Bylaws of Adverum Biotechnologies, Inc.
4.1    Second Amended and Restated Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of May 11, 2016, by and among Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc. and certain of its stockholders.
10.1    Offer Letter, dated January 29, 2016, by and between Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc. and Carlo Russo.
10.2    Change in Control and Severance Agreement, dated January 29, 2016, by and between Carlo Russo and Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc.
10.3    Form of Inducement Stock Option Agreement for Drs. Salzman and Russo
99.1    Press Release, dated May 12, 2016.

Exhibit 3.1

CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT

OF

AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “Corporation”), hereby certifies as follows:

FIRST: The name of Corporation is Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc. and the original certificate of incorporation of the Corporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on July 17, 2006, an amended and restated certificate of incorporation of the Corporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on August 27, 2010, amendments to the amended and restated certificate of incorporation of the Corporation were filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on March 5, 2013 and November 8, 2013, and amended and restated certificates of incorporation of the Corporation were filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on April 15, 2014 and August 5, 2014 (as amended, the “Certificate of Incorporation”).

SECOND: This Certificate of Amendment, which further amends the provisions of the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation, has been duly adopted by resolution of the Board of Directors of the Corporation in accordance with Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware .

THIRD: Article I of the Certificate of Incorporation is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:

ARTICLE I

The name of the corporation is Adverum Biotechnologies, Inc. (the “ Corporation ”).

FOURTH: All other provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation shall remain in full force and effect.

FIFTH: This Certificate of Amendment and the amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation effected hereby shall be effective immediately upon filing of the Certificate of Amendment with the Secretary of State of Delaware.

(Signature follows)


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the Corporation has caused this Certificate of Amendment to be signed by its Chief Executive Officer on this 11th day of May, 2016.

 

AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

/s/ Paul B. Cleveland

  Name: Paul B. Cleveland
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 3.2

AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS OF

ADVERUM BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.

(a Delaware corporation)

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

ARTICLE I - CORPORATE OFFICES

     1   

1.1

  REGISTERED OFFICE      1   

1.2

  OTHER OFFICES      1   

ARTICLE II - MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

     1   

2.1

  PLACE OF MEETINGS      1   

2.2

  ANNUAL MEETING      1   

2.3

  SPECIAL MEETING      1   

2.4

  ADVANCE NOTICE PROCEDURES FOR BUSINESS BROUGHT BEFORE A MEETING      2   

2.5

  ADVANCE NOTICE PROCEDURES FOR NOMINATIONS OF DIRECTORS      4   

2.6

  NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS      7   

2.7

  MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE; AFFIDAVIT OF NOTICE      7   

2.8

  QUORUM      7   

2.9

  ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE      7   

2.10

  CONDUCT OF BUSINESS      7   

2.11

  VOTING      7   

2.12

  STOCKHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING      8   

2.13

  RECORD DATE FOR STOCKHOLDER NOTICE; VOTING; GIVING CONSENTS      8   

2.14

  PROXIES      8   

2.15

  LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE      8   

2.16

  INSPECTORS OF ELECTION      9   

ARTICLE III - DIRECTORS

     9   

3.1

  POWERS      9   

3.2

  NUMBER OF DIRECTORS      9   

3.3

  ELECTION, QUALIFICATION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS      10   

3.4

  RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES      10   

3.5

  PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE      10   

3.6

  REGULAR MEETINGS      10   

3.7

  SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE      10   

3.8

  QUORUM      11   

3.9

  BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING      11   

3.10

  FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS      11   

3.11

  REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS      11   

ARTICLE IV - COMMITTEES

     12   

4.1

  COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS      12   

4.2

  COMMITTEE MINUTES      12   

4.3

  MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES      12   


         Page  

ARTICLE V - OFFICERS

     12   

5.1

  OFFICERS      12   

5.2

  APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS      13   

5.3

  SUBORDINATE OFFICERS      13   

5.4

  REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS      13   

5.5

  VACANCIES IN OFFICES      13   

5.6

  REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER CORPORATIONS      13   

5.7

  AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS      13   

ARTICLE VI - RECORDS AND REPORTS

     13   

6.1

  MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF RECORDS      13   

6.2

  INSPECTION BY DIRECTORS      14   

ARTICLE VII - GENERAL MATTERS

     14   

7.1

  EXECUTION OF CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS      14   

7.2

  STOCK CERTIFICATES; PARTLY PAID SHARES      14   

7.3

  SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES      14   

7.4

  LOST CERTIFICATES      15   

7.5

  CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS      15   

7.6

  DIVIDENDS      15   

7.7

  FISCAL YEAR      15   

7.8

  SEAL      15   

7.9

  TRANSFER OF STOCK      15   

7.10

  STOCK TRANSFER AGREEMENTS      16   

7.11

  REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS      16   

7.12

  WAIVER OF NOTICE      16   

7.13

  FORUM FOR ADJUDICATION OF DISPUTES      16   

ARTICLE VIII - NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION

     16   

8.1

  NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION      16   

8.2

  DEFINITION OF ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION      17   

ARTICLE IX - INDEMNIFICATION

     17   

9.1

  INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS      17   

9.2

  INDEMNIFICATION OF OTHERS      17   

9.3

  PREPAYMENT OF EXPENSES      18   

9.4

  DETERMINATION; CLAIM      18   

9.5

  NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS      18   

9.6

  INSURANCE      18   

9.7

  OTHER INDEMNIFICATION      18   

9.8

  CONTINUATION OF INDEMNIFICATION      18   

9.9

  AMENDMENT OR REPEAL      18   

 

ARTICLE X - AMENDMENTS    19  


AMENDED AND RESTATED

BYLAWS OF

ADVERUM BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.

 

 

ARTICLE I - CORPORATE OFFICES

1.1 REGISTERED OFFICE.

The registered office of Adverum Biotechnologies, Inc. (the “ Corporation ”) shall be fixed in the Corporation’s certificate of incorporation, as the same may be amended from time to time (the “ certificate of incorporation ”).

1.2 OTHER OFFICES.

The Corporation’s board of directors (the “ Board ”) may at any time establish other offices at any place or places where the Corporation is qualified to do business.

ARTICLE II - MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

2.1 PLACE OF MEETINGS.

Meetings of stockholders shall be held at any place, within or outside the State of Delaware, designated by the Board. The Board may, in its sole discretion, determine that a meeting of stockholders shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication as authorized by Section 211(a)(2) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “ DGCL ”). In the absence of any such designation or determination, stockholders’ meetings shall be held at the Corporation’s principal executive office.

2.2 ANNUAL MEETING.

The Board shall designate the date and time of the annual meeting. At the annual meeting, directors shall be elected and other proper business properly brought before the meeting in accordance with Section 2.4 may be transacted.

2.3 SPECIAL MEETING.

A special meeting of the stockholders may be called at any time by the Secretary of the Corporation at the direction of the Board, pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the entire Board, but such special meetings may not be called by any other person or persons.

 

1


No business may be transacted at such special meeting other than the business specified in such notice to stockholders. Nothing contained in this paragraph of this Section 2.3 shall be construed as limiting, fixing, or affecting the time when a meeting of stockholders called by action of the Board may be held.

2.4 ADVANCE NOTICE PROCEDURES FOR BUSINESS BROUGHT BEFORE A MEETING.

(i) At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (a) specified in a notice of meeting given by or at the direction of the Board, (b) if not specified in a notice of meeting, otherwise brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board or the chairperson of the Board, or (c) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder present in person who (A)(1) was a beneficial owner of shares of the Corporation both at the time of giving the notice provided for in this Section 2.4 and at the time of the meeting, (2) is entitled to vote at the meeting and (3) has complied with this Section 2.4 in all applicable respects, or (B) properly made such proposal in accordance with Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (as so amended and inclusive of such rules and regulations, the “ Exchange Act ”). The foregoing clause (c) shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to propose business to be brought before an annual meeting of the stockholders. The only matters that may be brought before a special meeting are the matters specified in the notice of meeting given by or at the direction of the person calling the meeting pursuant to Section 2.3 of these bylaws, and stockholders shall not be permitted to propose business to be brought before a special meeting of the stockholders. For purposes of this Section 2.4, “present in person” shall mean that the stockholder proposing that the business be brought before the annual meeting of the Corporation, or, if the proposing stockholder is not an individual, a qualified representative of such proposing stockholder, appear at such annual meeting. A “qualified representative” of such proposing stockholder shall be, if such proposing stockholder is (x) a general or limited partnership, any general partner or person who functions as a general partner of the general or limited partnership or who controls the general or limited partnership, (y) a corporation or a limited liability company, any officer or person who functions as an officer of the corporation or limited liability company or any officer, director, general partner or person who functions as an officer, director or general partner of any entity ultimately in control of the corporation or limited liability company or (z) a trust, any trustee of such trust. Stockholders seeking to nominate persons for election to the Board must comply with Section 2.5 of these bylaws, and this Section 2.4 shall not be applicable to nominations except as expressly provided in Section 2.5 of these bylaws.

(ii) Without qualification, for business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must (a) provide Timely Notice (as defined below) thereof in writing and in proper form to the Secretary of the Corporation and (b) provide any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in the forms required by this Section 2.4. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to, or mailed and received at, the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than ninety (90) days nor more than one hundred twenty (120) days prior to the one-year anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however , that if the date of the annual meeting is more than thirty (30) days before or more than sixty (60) days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered, or mailed and received, not later than the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such annual meeting or, if later, the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public disclosure of the date of such annual meeting was first made (such notice within such time periods, “ Timely Notice ”). In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of Timely Notice as described above.

(iii) To be in proper form for purposes of this Section 2.4, a stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth:

(a) As to each Proposing Person (as defined below), (A) the name and address of such Proposing Person (including, if applicable, the name and address that appear on the Corporation’s books and records); and (B) the class or series and number of shares of the Corporation that are, directly or indirectly, owned of record or beneficially owned (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) by such Proposing Person, except that such Proposing Person shall in all events be deemed to beneficially own any shares of any class or series of the Corporation as to which such Proposing Person has a right to acquire beneficial ownership at any time in the future (the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (A) and (B) are referred to as “ Stockholder Information ”);

 

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(b) As to each Proposing Person, (A) the full notional amount of any securities that, directly or indirectly, underlie any “derivative security” (as such term is defined in Rule 16a-1(c) under the Exchange Act) that constitutes a “call equivalent position” (as such term is defined in Rule 16a-1(b) under the Exchange Act) (“ Synthetic Equity Position ”) and that is, directly or indirectly, held or maintained by such Proposing Person with respect to any shares of any class or series of shares of the Corporation; provided that, for the purposes of the definition of “Synthetic Equity Position,” the term “derivative security” shall also include any security or instrument that would not otherwise constitute a “derivative security” as a result of any feature that would make any conversion, exercise or similar right or privilege of such security or instrument becoming determinable only at some future date or upon the happening of a future occurrence, in which case the determination of the amount of securities into which such security or instrument would be convertible or exercisable shall be made assuming that such security or instrument is immediately convertible or exercisable at the time of such determination; and, provided , further , that any Proposing Person satisfying the requirements of Rule 13d-1(b)(1) under the Exchange Act (other than a Proposing Person that so satisfies Rule 13d-1(b)(1) under the Exchange Act solely by reason of Rule 13d-1(b)(1)(ii)(E)) shall not be deemed to hold or maintain the notional amount of any securities that underlie a Synthetic Equity Position held by such Proposing Person as a hedge with respect to a bona fide derivatives trade or position of such Proposing Person arising in the ordinary course of such Proposing Person’s business as a derivatives dealer, (B) any rights to dividends on the shares of any class or series of shares of the Corporation owned beneficially by such Proposing Person that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the Corporation, (C)(x) if such Proposing Person is (i) a general or limited partnership, syndicate or other group, the identity of each general partner and each person who functions as a general partner of the general or limited partnership, each member of the syndicate or group and each person controlling the general partner or member, (ii) a corporation or a limited liability company, the identity of each officer and each person who functions as an officer of the corporation or limited liability company, each person controlling the corporation or limited liability company and each officer, director, general partner and person who functions as an officer, director or general partner of any entity ultimately in control of the corporation or limited liability company or (iii) a trust, any trustee of such trust (each such person or persons set forth in the preceding clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), a “ Responsible Person ”), any fiduciary duties owed by such Responsible Person to the equity holders or other beneficiaries of such Proposing Person and any material interests or relationships of such Responsible Person that are not shared generally by other record or beneficial holders of the shares of any class or series of the Corporation and that reasonably could have influenced the decision of such Proposing Person to propose such business to be brought before the meeting, and (y) if such Proposing Person is a natural person, any material interests or relationships of such natural person that are not shared generally by other record or beneficial holders of the shares of any class or series of the Corporation and that reasonably could have influenced the decision of such Proposing Person to propose such business to be brought before the meeting, (D) any material shares or any Synthetic Equity Position in any principal competitor of the Corporation in any principal industry of the Corporation held by such Proposing Persons, (E) a summary of any material discussions regarding the business proposed to be brought before the meeting (x) between or among any of the Proposing Persons or (y) between or among any Proposing Person and any other record or beneficial holder of the shares of any class or series of the Corporation (including their names), (F) any material pending or threatened legal proceeding in which such Proposing Person is a party or material participant involving the Corporation or any of its officers or directors, or any affiliate of the Corporation, (G) any other material relationship between such Proposing Person, on the one hand, and the Corporation, any affiliate of the Corporation or any principal competitor of the Corporation, on the other hand, (H) any direct or indirect material interest in any material contract or agreement of such Proposing Person with the Corporation, any affiliate of the Corporation or any principal competitor of the Corporation (including, in any such case, any employment agreement, collective bargaining agreement or consulting agreement) and (I) any other information relating to such Proposing Person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies or consents by such Proposing Person in support of the business proposed to be brought before the meeting pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act (the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (A) through (I) are referred to as “ Disclosable Interests ”); provided , however , that Disclosable Interests shall not include any such disclosures with respect to the ordinary course business activities of any broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee who is a Proposing Person solely as a result of being the stockholder directed to prepare and submit the notice required by these bylaws on behalf of a beneficial owner; and

(c) As to each item of business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting, (A) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting and any material interest in such business of each Proposing Person, (B) the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend the bylaws of the Corporation, the language of the proposed amendment),

 

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(C) a reasonably detailed description of all agreements, arrangements and understandings between or among any of the Proposing Persons or between or among any Proposing Person and any other person or entity (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business by such stockholder and (D) any other information relating to such item of business that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies in support of the business proposed to be brought before the meeting pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act; provided , however , that the disclosures required by this Section 2.4(iii) shall not include any disclosures with respect to any broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee who is a Proposing Person solely as a result of being the stockholder directed to prepare and submit the notice required by these bylaws on behalf of a beneficial owner.

(iv) For purposes of this Section 2.4, the term “ Proposing Person ” shall mean (a) the stockholder providing the notice of business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting, (b) the beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different, on whose behalf the notice of the business proposed to be brought before the annual meeting is made and (c) any participant (as defined in paragraphs (a)(ii)-(vi) of Instruction 3 to Item 4 of Schedule 14A) with such stockholder in such solicitation or associate (within the meaning of Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act for the purposes of these bylaws) of such stockholder or beneficial owner.

(v) A Proposing Person shall update and supplement its notice to the Corporation of its intent to propose business at an annual meeting, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this Section 2.4 shall be true and correct as of the record date for notice of the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for notice of the meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of such record date), and not later than eight (8) business days prior to the date for the meeting or, if practicable, any adjournment or postponement thereof (and, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to the date to which the meeting has been adjourned or postponed) (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof).

(vi) Notwithstanding anything in these bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at an annual meeting that is not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with this Section 2.4. The presiding officer of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine that the business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with this Section 2.4, and if he or she should so determine, he or she shall so declare to the meeting and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted.

(vii) This Section 2.4 is expressly intended to apply to any business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting of stockholders, other than any proposal made in accordance with Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act and included in the Corporation’s proxy statement. In addition to the requirements of this Section 2.4 with respect to any business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting, each Proposing Person shall comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act with respect to any such business. Nothing in this Section 2.4 shall be deemed to affect the rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.

(viii) For purposes of these bylaws, “ public disclosure ” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by a national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Sections 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

2.5 ADVANCE NOTICE PROCEDURES FOR NOMINATIONS OF DIRECTORS.

(i) Nominations of any person for election to the Board at an annual meeting or at a special meeting (but only if the election of directors is a matter specified in the notice of meeting given by or at the direction of the person calling such special meeting) may be made at such meeting only (a) by or at the direction of the Board, including by any committee or persons authorized to do so by the Board or these bylaws, or (b) by a stockholder present in person (A) who was a beneficial owner of shares of the Corporation both at the time of giving the notice provided for in this Section 2.5 and at the time of the meeting, (B) is entitled to vote at the meeting and (C) has complied with this Section 2.5 as to such notice and nomination. The foregoing clause (b) shall be the exclusive means for a

 

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stockholder to make any nomination of a person or persons for election to the Board at an annual meeting or special meeting. For purposes of this Section 2.5, “present in person” shall mean that the stockholder proposing that the business be brought before the meeting of the Corporation, or, if the proposing stockholder is not an individual, a qualified representative of such stockholder, appear at such meeting. A “qualified representative” of such proposing stockholder shall be, if such proposing stockholder is (x) a general or limited partnership, any general partner or person who functions as a general partner of the general or limited partnership or who controls the general or limited partnership, (y) a corporation or a limited liability company, any officer or person who functions as an officer of the corporation or limited liability company or any officer, director, general partner or person who functions as an officer, director or general partner of any entity ultimately in control of the corporation or limited liability company or (z) a trust, any trustee of such trust.

(ii) Without qualification, for a stockholder to make any nomination of a person or persons for election to the Board at an annual meeting, the stockholder must (a) provide Timely Notice (as defined in Section 2.4(ii) of these bylaws) thereof in writing and in proper form to the Secretary of the Corporation, (b) provide the information with respect to such stockholder and its proposed nominee as required by this Section 2.5, and (c) provide any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in the forms required by this Section 2.5. Without qualification, if the election of directors is a matter specified in the notice of meeting given by or at the direction of the person calling such special meeting, then for a stockholder to make any nomination of a person or persons for election to the Board at a special meeting, the stockholder must (a) provide timely notice thereof in writing and in proper form to the Secretary of the Corporation at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, (b) provide the information with respect to such stockholder and its proposed nominee as required by this Section 2.5, and (c) provide any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in the forms required by this Section 2.5. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice for nominations to be made at a special meeting must be delivered to, or mailed and received at, the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such special meeting and not later than the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such special meeting or, if later, the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public disclosure (as defined in Section 2.4(ix) of these bylaws) of the date of such special meeting was first made. In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or special meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.

(iii) To be in proper form for purposes of this Section 2.5, a stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth:

(a) As to each Nominating Person (as defined below), the Stockholder Information (as defined in Section 2.4(iii)(a) of these bylaws) except that for purposes of this Section 2.5, the term “Nominating Person” shall be substituted for the term “Proposing Person” in all places it appears in Section 2.4(iii)(a);

(b) As to each Nominating Person, any Disclosable Interests (as defined in Section 2.4(iii)(b), except that for purposes of this Section 2.5 the term “Nominating Person” shall be substituted for the term “Proposing Person” in all places it appears in Section 2.4(iii)(b) and the disclosure with respect to the business to be brought before the meeting in Section 2.4(iii)(b) shall be made with respect to the election of directors at the meeting);

(c) As to each person whom a Nominating Person proposes to nominate for election as a director, (A) all information with respect to such proposed nominee that would be required to be set forth in a stockholder’s notice pursuant to this Section 2.5 if such proposed nominee were a Nominating Person, (B) all information relating to such proposed nominee that is required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14(a) under the Exchange Act (including such proposed nominee’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected), (C) a description of any direct or indirect material interest in any material contract or agreement between or among any Nominating Person, on the one hand, and each proposed nominee or his or her respective associates or any other participants in such solicitation, on the other hand, including, without limitation, all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 under Regulation S-K if such Nominating Person were the “registrant” for purposes of such rule and the proposed nominee were a director or executive officer of such registrant (the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (A) through (C) are referred to as “ Nominee Information ”), and (D) a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement as provided in Section 2.5(vi); and

 

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(d) The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information (A) as may reasonably be required by the Corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director of the Corporation in accordance with the Corporation’s Corporate Governance Guidelines or (B) that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence or lack of independence of such proposed nominee.

(iv) For purposes of this Section 2.5, the term “ Nominating Person ” shall mean (a) the stockholder providing the notice of the nomination proposed to be made at the meeting, (b) the beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different, on whose behalf the notice of the nomination proposed to be made at the meeting is made and (c) any associate of such stockholder or beneficial owner or any other participant in such solicitation.

(v) A stockholder providing notice of any nomination proposed to be made at a meeting shall further update and supplement such notice, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this Section 2.5 shall be true and correct as of the record date for notice of the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for notice of the meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of such record date), and not later than eight (8) business days prior to the date for the meeting or, if practicable, any adjournment or postponement thereof (and, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to the date to which the meeting has been adjourned or postponed) (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof).

(vi) To be eligible to be a nominee for election as a director of the Corporation at an annual or special meeting, the proposed nominee must be nominated in the manner prescribed in Section 2.5 and must deliver (in accordance with the time period prescribed for delivery in a notice to such proposed nominee given by or on behalf of the Board), to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, (a) a completed written questionnaire (in a form provided by the Corporation) with respect to the background, qualifications, stock ownership and independence of such proposed nominee and (b) a written representation and agreement (in form provided by the Corporation) that such proposed nominee (A) is not and, if elected as a director during his or her term of office, will not become a party to (1) any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given and will not give any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such proposed nominee, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a “ Voting Commitment ”) or (2) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such proposed nominee’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with such proposed nominee’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (B) is not, and will not become a party to, any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation or reimbursement for service as a director and (C) if elected as a director of the Corporation, will comply with all applicable corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality, stock ownership and trading and other policies and guidelines of the Corporation applicable to directors and in effect during such person’s term in office as a director (and, if requested by any proposed nominee, the Secretary of the Corporation shall provide to such proposed nominee all such policies and guidelines then in effect).

(vii) In addition to the requirements of this Section 2.5 with respect to any nomination proposed to be made at a meeting, each Proposing Person shall comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act with respect to any such nominations.

(viii) No proposed nominee shall be eligible for nomination as a director of the Corporation unless such proposed nominee and the Nominating Person seeking to place such proposed nominee’s name in nomination have complied with this Section 2.5, as applicable. The presiding officer at the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine that a nomination was not properly made in accordance with this Section 2.5, and if he or she should so determine, he or she shall so declare such determination to the meeting, the defective nomination shall be disregarded and any ballots cast for the proposed nominee in question (but in the case of any form of ballot listing other qualified nominees, only the ballots case for the nominee in question) shall be void and of no force or effect.

 

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2.6 NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS.

Unless otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the notice of any meeting of stockholders shall be sent or otherwise given in accordance with either Section 2.7 or Section 8.1 of these bylaws not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting. The notice shall specify the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called.

2.7 MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE; AFFIDAVIT OF NOTICE.

Notice of any meeting of stockholders shall be deemed given:

(i) if mailed, when deposited in the U.S. mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at his or her address as it appears on the Corporation’s records; or

(ii) if electronically transmitted as provided in Section 8.1 of these bylaws.

An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Corporation or of the transfer agent or any other agent of the Corporation that the notice has been given by mail or by a form of electronic transmission, as applicable, shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.

2.8 QUORUM.

Unless otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the holders of a majority in voting power of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, present in person, or by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at all meetings of the stockholders. If, however, a quorum is not present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, then either (i) the chairperson of the meeting or (ii) a majority in voting power of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person, or by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time in the manner provided in Section 2.9 of these bylaws until a quorum is present or represented. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present or represented, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed.

2.9 ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE.

When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, unless these bylaws otherwise require, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting, the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.

2.10 CONDUCT OF BUSINESS.

The chairperson of any meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of business and the procedure at the meeting, including such regulation of the manner of voting and the conduct of business.

2.11 VOTING.

The stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.13 of these bylaws, subject to Section 217 (relating to voting rights of fiduciaries, pledgors and joint owners of stock) and Section 218 (relating to voting trusts and other voting agreements) of the DGCL.

Except as may be otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, each stockholder shall be entitled to one (1) vote for each share of capital stock held by such stockholder.

 

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At all duly called or convened meetings of stockholders, at which a quorum is present, for the election of directors, a plurality of the votes cast shall be sufficient to elect a director. Except as otherwise provided by the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws, the rules or regulations of any stock exchange applicable to the Corporation, or applicable law or pursuant to any regulation applicable to the Corporation or its securities, all other elections and questions presented to the stockholders at a duly called or convened meeting, at which a quorum is present, shall be decided by the majority of the votes cast affirmatively or negatively (excluding abstentions and broker non-votes) and shall be valid and binding upon the Corporation.

2.12 STOCKHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING.

Subject to the rights of the holders of the shares of any series of Preferred Stock or any other class of stock or series thereof having a preference over the Common Stock as to dividends or upon liquidation, any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation and may not be effected by any consent in writing by such stockholders.

2.13 RECORD DATE FOR STOCKHOLDER NOTICE; VOTING; GIVING CONSENTS.

In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix, in advance, a record date, which record date shall not precede the date on which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted and which shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other such action.

If the Board does not so fix a record date:

(i) The record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held.

(ii) The record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board adopts the resolution relating thereto.

A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however , that the Board may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

2.14 PROXIES.

Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy authorized by an instrument in writing or by a transmission permitted by law filed in accordance with the procedure established for the meeting, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three (3) years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. The revocability of a proxy that states on its face that it is irrevocable shall be governed by the provisions of Section 212 of the DGCL. A proxy may be in the form of a telegram, cablegram or other means of electronic transmission which sets forth or is submitted with information from which it can be determined that the telegram, cablegram or other means of electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder.

2.15 LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE.

The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. The Corporation shall not be required to include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information on such list. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose

 

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germane to the meeting for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting: (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (ii) during ordinary business hours, at the Corporation’s principal executive office. In the event that the Corporation determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the Corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the Corporation. If the meeting is to be held at a place, then the list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is to be held solely by means of remote communication, then the list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting. Such list shall presumptively determine the identity of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and the number of shares held by each of them.

2.16 INSPECTORS OF ELECTION.

Before any meeting of stockholders, the Board shall appoint an inspector or inspectors of election to act at the meeting or its adjournment and make a written report thereof. The number of inspectors shall be either one (1) or three (3). If any person appointed as inspector fails to appear or fails or refuses to act, then the chairperson of the meeting may, and upon the request of any stockholder or a stockholder’s proxy shall, appoint a person to fill that vacancy.

Such inspectors shall:

(i) determine the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, the number of shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, and the authenticity, validity, and effect of proxies;

(ii) receive votes or ballots;

(iii) hear and determine all challenges and questions in any way arising in connection with the right to vote;

(iv) count and tabulate all votes;

 

(v) determine when the polls shall close;

(vi) determine the result; and

(vii) do any other acts that may be proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all stockholders.

The inspectors of election shall perform their duties impartially, in good faith, to the best of their ability and as expeditiously as is practical. If there are three (3) inspectors of election, the decision, act or certificate of a majority is effective in all respects as the decision, act or certificate of all. Any report or certificate made by the inspectors of election is prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.

ARTICLE III - DIRECTORS

3.1 POWERS.

Subject to the provisions of the DGCL and any limitations in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws relating to action required to be approved by the stockholders or by the outstanding shares, the business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed and all corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the direction of the Board.

3.2 NUMBER OF DIRECTORS.

The authorized number of directors shall be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board, provided the Board shall consist of at least one (1) member. No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director before that director’s term of office expires.

 

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3.3 ELECTION, QUALIFICATION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS.

Except as provided in Section 3.4 of these bylaws, each director, including a director elected to fill a vacancy, shall hold office until the expiration of the term for which elected and until such director’s successor is elected and qualified or until such director’s earlier death, resignation or removal. Directors need not be stockholders unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws. The certificate of incorporation or these bylaws may prescribe other qualifications for directors.

If so provided in the certificate of incorporation, the directors of the Corporation shall be divided into three (3) classes.

3.4 RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES.

Any director may resign at any time upon notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation. When one or more directors so resigns and the resignation is effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective, and each director so chosen shall hold office as provided in this section in the filling of other vacancies.

Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors shall, unless the Board determines by resolution that any such vacancies or newly created directorships shall be filled by stockholders, be filled only by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. Any director elected in accordance with the preceding sentence shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the director for which the vacancy was created or occurred and until such director’s successor shall have been elected and qualified. A vacancy in the Board shall be deemed to exist under these bylaws in the case of the death, removal or resignation of any director.

3.5 PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE.

The Board may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or outside the State of Delaware.

Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, members of the Board, or any committee designated by the Board, may participate in a meeting of the Board, or any committee, by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting pursuant to this bylaw shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.

3.6 REGULAR MEETINGS.

Regular meetings of the Board may be held without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the Board.

3.7 SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE.

Special meetings of the Board for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the chairperson of the Board, the chief executive officer, the president, the secretary or a majority of the authorized number of directors.

Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be:

 

(i) delivered personally by hand, by courier or by telephone;

(ii) sent by United States first-class mail, postage prepaid;

(iii) sent by facsimile; or

 

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(iv) sent by electronic mail,

directed to each director at that director’s address, telephone number, facsimile number or electronic mail address, as the case may be, as shown on the Corporation’s records.

If the notice is (i) delivered personally by hand, by courier or by telephone, (ii) sent by facsimile or (iii) sent by electronic mail, it shall be delivered or sent at least twenty-four (24) hours before the time of the holding of the meeting. If the notice is sent by U.S. mail, it shall be deposited in the U.S. mail at least four (4) days before the time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice may be communicated to the director. The notice need not specify the place of the meeting (if the meeting is to be held at the Corporation’s principal executive office) nor the purpose of the meeting.

3.8 QUORUM.

At all meetings of the Board, a majority of the authorized number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. The vote of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws. If a quorum is not present at any meeting of the Board, then the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present.

A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of directors, if any action taken is approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for that meeting.

3.9 BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING.

Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.

3.10 FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS.

Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the Board shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors.

3.11 REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS.

Except as otherwise provided by the DGCL, the Board of Directors or any individual director may be removed from office at any time (i) with cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all the then outstanding shares of voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at an election of directors (the “ Voting Stock ”) or (ii) without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least sixty six and two thirds percent (66-2/3%) of the voting power of all the then outstanding shares of the Voting Stock.

No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director prior to the expiration of such director’s term of office.

 

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ARTICLE IV - COMMITTEES

4.1 COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS.

The Board may designate one (1) or more committees, each committee to consist of one (1) or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board may designate one (1) or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board or in these bylaws, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority to (i) approve or adopt, or recommend to the stockholders, any action or matter expressly required by the DGCL to be submitted to stockholders for approval, or (ii) adopt, amend or repeal any bylaw of the Corporation.

4.2 COMMITTEE MINUTES.

Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the Board when required.

4.3 MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES.

Meetings and actions of committees shall be governed by, and held and taken in accordance with, the provisions of:

(i) Section 3.5 (place of meetings and meetings by telephone);

(ii) Section 3.6 (regular meetings);

(iii) Section 3.7 (special meetings and notice);

(iv) Section 3.8 (quorum);

(v) Section 7.12 (waiver of notice); and

(vi) Section 3.9 (action without a meeting),

with such changes in the context of those bylaws as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the Board and its members. However :

(i) the time of regular meetings of committees may be determined either by resolution of the Board or by resolution of the committee;

(ii) special meetings of committees may also be called by resolution of the Board; and

(iii) notice of special meetings of committees shall also be given to all alternate members, who shall have the right to attend all meetings of the committee. The Board may adopt rules for the government of any committee not inconsistent with the provisions of these bylaws.

ARTICLE V - OFFICERS

5.1 OFFICERS.

The officers of the Corporation shall be a president and a secretary. The Corporation may also have, at the discretion of the Board, a chairperson of the Board, a vice chairperson of the Board, a chief executive officer, a chief financial officer or treasurer, one (1) or more vice presidents, one (1) or more assistant vice presidents, one (1) or more assistant treasurers, one (1) or more assistant secretaries, and any such other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of these bylaws. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.

 

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5.2 APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS.

The Board shall appoint the officers of the Corporation, except such officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.3 of these bylaws, subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment.

5.3 SUBORDINATE OFFICERS.

The Board may appoint, or empower the chief executive officer or, in the absence of a chief executive officer, the president, to appoint, such other officers and agents as the business of the Corporation may require. Each of such officers and agents shall hold office for such period, have such authority, and perform such duties as are provided in these bylaws or as the Board may from time to time determine.

5.4 REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS.

Subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment, any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by an affirmative vote of the majority of the Board at any regular or special meeting of the Board or, except in the case of an officer chosen by the Board, by any officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the Board.

Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Corporation. Any resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of that notice or at any later time specified in that notice. Unless otherwise specified in the notice of resignation, the acceptance of the resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the Corporation under any contract to which the officer is a party.

5.5 VACANCIES IN OFFICES.

Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation shall be filled by the Board or as provided in Section 5.2.

5.6 REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER CORPORATIONS.

The chairperson of the Board, the president, any vice president, the treasurer, the secretary or assistant secretary of the Corporation, or any other person authorized by the Board or the president or a vice president, is authorized to vote, represent and exercise on behalf of the Corporation all rights incident to any and all shares of any other corporation or corporations standing in the name of the Corporation. The authority granted herein may be exercised either by such person directly or by any other person authorized to do so by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by such person having the authority.

5.7 AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS.

All officers of the Corporation shall respectively have such authority and perform such duties in the management of the business of the Corporation as may be designated from time to time by the Board or the stockholders and, to the extent not so provided, as generally pertain to their respective offices, subject to the control of the Board.

ARTICLE VI - RECORDS AND REPORTS

6.1 MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF RECORDS.

The Corporation shall, either at its principal executive office or at such place or places as designated by the Board, keep a record of its stockholders listing their names and addresses and the number and class of shares held by each stockholder, a copy of these bylaws as amended to date, accounting books and other records.

Any stockholder of record, in person or by attorney or other agent, shall, upon written demand under oath stating the purpose thereof, have the right during the usual hours for business to inspect for any proper purpose the Corporation’s stock ledger, a list of its stockholders, and its other books and records and to make copies or extracts therefrom. A proper purpose shall mean a purpose reasonably related to such person’s interest as a stockholder. In every instance where an attorney or other agent is the person who seeks the right to inspection, the demand under oath shall be accompanied by a power of attorney or such other writing that authorizes the attorney or other agent so to act on behalf of the stockholder. The demand under oath shall be directed to the Corporation at its registered office in Delaware or at its principal executive office.

 

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6.2 INSPECTION BY DIRECTORS.

Any director shall have the right to examine the Corporation’s stock ledger, a list of its stockholders, and its other books and records for a purpose reasonably related to his or her position as a director. The Court of Chancery is hereby vested with the exclusive jurisdiction to determine whether a director is entitled to the inspection sought. The Court may summarily order the Corporation to permit the director to inspect any and all books and records, the stock ledger, and the stock list and to make copies or extracts therefrom. The Court may, in its discretion, prescribe any limitations or conditions with reference to the inspection, or award such other and further relief as the Court may deem just and proper.

ARTICLE VII - GENERAL MATTERS

7.1 EXECUTION OF CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS.

The Board, except as otherwise provided in these bylaws, may authorize any officer or officers, or agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation; such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized or ratified by the Board or within the agency power of an officer, no officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the Corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for any amount.

7.2 STOCK CERTIFICATES; PARTLY PAID SHARES.

The shares of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates or shall be uncertificated. Certificates for the shares of stock, if any, shall be in such form as is consistent with the certificate of incorporation and applicable law. Every holder of stock represented by a certificate shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by the chairperson or vice-chairperson of the Board, or the president or vice-president, and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer, or the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Corporation representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he or she were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

The Corporation may issue the whole or any part of its shares as partly paid and subject to call for the remainder of the consideration to be paid therefor. Upon the face or back of each stock certificate issued to represent any such partly paid shares, upon the books and records of the Corporation in the case of uncertificated partly paid shares, the total amount of the consideration to be paid therefor and the amount paid thereon shall be stated. Upon the declaration of any dividend on fully paid shares, the Corporation shall declare a dividend upon partly paid shares of the same class, but only upon the basis of the percentage of the consideration actually paid thereon.

7.3 SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES.

If the Corporation is authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, then the powers, the designations, the preferences and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate that the Corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock; provided, however , that, except as otherwise provided in Section 202 of the DGCL, in lieu of the foregoing requirements, there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate that the Corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock a statement that the Corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, the designations, the preferences and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights.

 

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7.4 LOST CERTIFICATES.

Except as provided in this Section 7.4, no new certificates for shares shall be issued to replace a previously issued certificate unless the latter is surrendered to the Corporation and cancelled at the same time. The Corporation may issue a new certificate of stock or uncertificated shares in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the Corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner’s legal representative, to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.

7.5 CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS.

Unless the context requires otherwise, the general provisions, rules of construction and definitions in the DGCL shall govern the construction of these bylaws. Without limiting the generality of this provision, the singular number includes the plural, the plural number includes the singular, and the term “person” includes both a corporation and a natural person.

7.6 DIVIDENDS.

The Board, subject to any restrictions contained in either (i) the DGCL or (ii) the certificate of incorporation, may declare and pay dividends upon the shares of its capital stock. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property or in shares of the Corporation’s capital stock.

The Board may set apart out of any of the funds of the Corporation available for dividends a reserve or reserves for any proper purpose and may abolish any such reserve. Such purposes shall include but not be limited to equalizing dividends, repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, and meeting contingencies.

7.7 FISCAL YEAR.

The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the Board and may be changed by the Board.

7.8 SEAL.

The Corporation may adopt a corporate seal, which shall be adopted and which may be altered by the Board. The Corporation may use the corporate seal by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or in any other manner reproduced.

7.9 TRANSFER OF STOCK.

Shares of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by law and in these bylaws. Shares of stock of the Corporation shall be transferred on the books of the Corporation only by the holder of record thereof or by such holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing, upon surrender to the Corporation of the certificate or certificates representing such shares endorsed by the appropriate person or persons (or by delivery of duly executed instructions with respect to uncertificated shares), with such evidence of the authenticity of such endorsement or execution, transfer, authorization and other matters as the Corporation may reasonably require, and accompanied by all necessary stock transfer stamps. No transfer of stock shall be valid as against the Corporation for any purpose until it shall have been entered in the stock records of the Corporation by an entry showing the names of the persons from and to whom it was transferred.

 

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7.10 STOCK TRANSFER AGREEMENTS.

The Corporation shall have power to enter into and perform any agreement with any number of stockholders of any one or more classes of stock of the Corporation to restrict the transfer of shares of stock of the Corporation of any one or more classes owned by such stockholders in any manner not prohibited by the DGCL.

7.11 REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS.

The Corporation:

(i) shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends and to vote as such owner;

(ii) shall be entitled to hold liable for calls and assessments the person registered on its books as the owner of shares; and

(iii) shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of another person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware.

7.12 WAIVER OF NOTICE.

Whenever notice is required to be given under any provision of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, a written waiver, signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders need be specified in any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.

7.13 FORUM FOR ADJUDICATION OF DISPUTES.

Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine shall be the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, in all cases subject to the court’s having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants.

ARTICLE VIII - NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION

8.1 NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION.

Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders pursuant to the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any notice to stockholders given by the Corporation under any provision of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the Corporation. Any such consent shall be deemed revoked if:

(i) the Corporation is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two (2) consecutive notices given by the Corporation in accordance with such consent; and

(ii) such inability becomes known to the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Corporation or to the transfer agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice.

 

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However, the inadvertent failure to treat such inability as a revocation shall not invalidate any meeting or other action.

Any notice given pursuant to the preceding paragraph shall be deemed given:

 

  (i) if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice;

 

  (ii) if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice;

 

  (iii) if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the stockholder of such specific posting, upon the later of (A) such posting and (B) the giving of such separate notice; and

 

  (iv) if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder.

An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary or of the transfer agent or other agent of the Corporation that the notice has been given by a form of electronic transmission shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.

8.2 DEFINITION OF ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION.

An “electronic transmission” means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process.

ARTICLE IX - INDEMNIFICATION

9.1 INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.

The Corporation shall indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended, any director or officer of the Corporation who was or is made or is threatened to be made a party or is otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “ Proceeding ”) by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person for whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or non-profit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against all liability and loss suffered and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any such Proceeding. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, except as otherwise provided in Section 9.4, the Corporation shall be required to indemnify a person in connection with a Proceeding initiated by such person only if the Proceeding was authorized in the specific case by the Board.

9.2 INDEMNIFICATION OF OTHERS.

The Corporation shall have the power to indemnify and hold harmless, to the extent permitted by applicable law as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended, any employee or agent of the Corporation who was or is made or is threatened to be made a party or is otherwise involved in any Proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person for whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or non-profit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against all liability and loss suffered and expenses reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any such Proceeding.

 

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9.3 PREPAYMENT OF EXPENSES.

The Corporation shall to the fullest extent not prohibited by applicable law pay the expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by any officer or director of the Corporation, and may pay the expenses incurred by any employee or agent of the Corporation, in defending any Proceeding in advance of its final disposition; provided, however , that, to the extent required by law, such payment of expenses in advance of the final disposition of the Proceeding shall be made only upon receipt of an undertaking by the person to repay all amounts advanced if it should be ultimately determined that the person is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article IX or otherwise.

9.4 DETERMINATION; CLAIM.

If a claim for indemnification (following the final disposition of such Proceeding) or advancement of expenses under this Article IX is not paid in full within sixty (60) days after a written claim therefor has been received by the Corporation the claimant may file suit to recover the unpaid amount of such claim and, if successful in whole or in part, shall be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such claim to the fullest extent permitted by law. In any such action the Corporation shall have the burden of proving that the claimant was not entitled to the requested indemnification or payment of expenses under applicable law.

9.5 NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS.

The rights conferred on any person by this Article IX shall not be exclusive of any other rights which such person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.

9.6 INSURANCE.

The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust enterprise or non-profit entity against any liability asserted against him or her and incurred by him or her in any such capacity, or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify him or her against such liability under the provisions of the DGCL.

9.7 OTHER INDEMNIFICATION.

The Corporation’s obligation, if any, to indemnify or advance expenses to any person who was or is serving at its request as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or non-profit entity shall be reduced by any amount such person may collect as indemnification or advancement of expenses from such other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or non-profit enterprise.

9.8 CONTINUATION OF INDEMNIFICATION.

The rights to indemnification and to prepayment of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article IX shall continue notwithstanding that the person has ceased to be a director or officer of the Corporation and shall inure to the benefit of the estate, heirs, executors, administrators, legatees and distributees of such person.

9.9 AMENDMENT OR REPEAL.

The provisions of this Article IX shall constitute a contract between the Corporation, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, each individual who serves or has served as a director or officer of the Corporation (whether before or after the adoption of these bylaws), in consideration of such person’s performance of such services, and pursuant to this Article IX the Corporation intends to be legally bound to each such current or former director or officer of the Corporation. With respect to current and former directors and officers of the Corporation, the rights conferred under this Article IX are present contractual rights and such rights are fully vested, and shall be deemed to have vested fully, immediately upon adoption of theses bylaws. With respect to any directors or officers of the Corporation who commence service following adoption of these bylaws, the rights conferred under this provision shall be present contractual rights and such rights shall fully vest, and be deemed to have vested fully, immediately upon such director or officer commencing service as a director or officer of the Corporation. Any repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article IX shall not adversely affect any right or protection (i) hereunder of any person in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to the time of such repeal or modification or (ii) under any agreement providing for indemnification or advancement of expenses to an officer or director of the Corporation in effect prior to the time of such repeal or modification.

 

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ARTICLE X - AMENDMENTS

Subject to the limitations set forth in Section 9.9 of these bylaws or the provisions of the certificate of incorporation, the Board is expressly empowered to adopt, amend or repeal the bylaws of the Corporation. Any adoption, amendment or repeal of the bylaws of the Corporation by the Board shall require the approval of a majority of the authorized number of directors. The stockholders also shall have power to adopt, amend or repeal the bylaws of the Corporation; provided, however , that, in addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of stock of the Corporation required by law or by the certificate of incorporation, such action by stockholders shall require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66-2/3%) of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at an election of directors.

 

 

ADVERUM BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT OF BYLAWS

 

 

The undersigned hereby certifies that he or she is the duly elected, qualified, and acting Secretary of Adverum Biotechnologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and that the foregoing bylaws, comprising 23 pages, were amended and restated on May 11, 2016 by the Corporation’s board of directors.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has hereunto set his or her hand this 11th day of May, 2016.

 

/s/ Jennifer Cheng

Jennifer Cheng, Ph.D., J.D.
Secretary

 

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Exhibit 4.1

AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.

SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT

THIS SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT (the “ Agreement ”) is entered into as of May 11, 2016, by and among Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”) and the investors listed on Exhibit A hereto, referred to hereinafter as the “ Investors ” and each individually as an “ Investor .”

RECITALS

WHEREAS, the Company and certain of the Stockholders have previously entered into that certain Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of September 7, 2010, as amended and restated by that certain Amended and Restated Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of April 16, 2014, by and among the Company and the parties thereto (the “ Prior Agreement ”), for the purpose of setting forth the terms and conditions pursuant to which certain Investors may cause the Company to register shares of Common Stock issuable to the Investors and certain other matters as set forth therein;

WHEREAS, the Company, Annapurna Therapeutics SAS, a French simplified joint stock company ( société par actions simplifiée ) (“ Annapurna ”), and those other persons parties thereto (the “ New Holders ”) have entered into that certain Acquisition Agreement, dated as of January 29, 2016 (as amended, the “ Acquisition Agreement ”), pursuant to which the Company acquired all outstanding shares of Annapurna in exchange for a number of newly issued shares of Common Stock specified in the Acquisition Agreement (the “ Acquisition Transaction ”);

WHEREAS, as an inducement for, and as a condition to, the Acquisition Transaction, the Company and the New Holders desire to deem each of the New Holders as an Investor, a Holder and a party hereunder, and to amend and restate the Prior Agreement in its entirety as set forth herein;

WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 5.10 of the Prior Agreement, the New Holders may become a party to this Agreement and be deemed as an Investor and a Holder in connection with the Acquisition Transaction in accordance with Section 4.6(c) of the Prior Agreement;

WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 5.5 of the Prior Agreement, the Prior Agreement may be amended or modified, and the obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders (as defined in the Prior Agreement) under the Prior Agreement may be waived, only upon the written consent of the Company and (i) the holders of at least a majority of the then-outstanding Series A Preferred Stock (as defined in the Prior Agreement) and (ii) the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding Series B Preferred Stock (as defined in the Prior Agreement) (the “ Prior Agreement Amendment Requirement ”); and

WHEREAS, no shares of Series A Preferred Stock and no shares of Series B Preferred Stock are outstanding as of the date of this Agreement, and the execution of this Agreement by the Company and the New Holders satisfies the Prior Agreement Amendment Requirement.


NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of these premises and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. GENERAL.

 

  1.1. Definitions. As used in this Agreement the following terms shall have the following respective meanings:

 

  (a) Acquisition ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation as in effect as of the date hereof.

 

  (b) Additional Holders ” means all individuals set forth on Exhibit B .

 

  (c) Affiliate ” means any person or entity who or which, directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the relevant Holder, including, without limitation, any general partner, managing partner, manager, member, officer or director of such Holder or any venture capital fund now or hereafter existing that is controlled by one or more general partners or managing members of, shares the same management or advisory company with, or is otherwise affiliated with, such Holder; provided , however , that “Affiliate” with respect to those Holders that are advisory clients of Fidelity or T. Rowe Price shall include other funds and accounts managed by Fidelity or T. Rowe Price, respectively.

 

  (d) Common Stock ” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share.

 

  (e) Exchange Act ” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

  (f) Fidelity ” means Fidelity Management & Research Company and any successor or affiliated investment advisor to the Fidelity Investors.

 

  (g) Fidelity Investors ” means the Investors that are advisory clients of Fidelity with respect to holdings of shares in the Company. For the sake of clarity, as of the date hereof the Fidelity Investors marked with an asterisk on Exhibit A attached hereto.

 

  (h) Form S-3 ” means such form under the Securities Act as in effect on the date hereof or any successor or similar short-form registration statement under the Securities Act subsequently adopted by the SEC that permits inclusion or incorporation of substantial information by reference to other documents filed by the Company with the SEC.

 

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  (i) Holder ” means any record or beneficial owner of Registrable Securities that have not been sold to the public or any assignee of record of such Registrable Securities in accordance with Section 2.9 hereof.

 

  (j) Preferred Stock ” means shares of the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock.

 

  (k) Register ,” “ registered ,” and “ registration ” refer to a registration effected by preparing and filing a registration statement in compliance with the Securities Act, and the declaration or ordering of effectiveness of such registration statement by the SEC.

 

  (l) Registrable Securities ” means (i) shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of the Preferred Stock prior to the date hereof, (ii) shares of Common Stock issued to the New Holders pursuant to the Acquisition Transaction, and (iii) any shares of Common Stock issued as (or issuable upon the conversion or exercise of any warrant, right or other security that is issued as) a dividend or other distribution with respect to, or in exchange for or in replacement of, such shares of Common Stock described in clauses (i) and (ii). Notwithstanding the foregoing, Registrable Securities shall not include any securities (x) sold by any person to the public either pursuant to a registration statement or Rule 144, (y) sold in a private transaction in which the transferor’s rights under Section 2 of this Agreement are not assigned, or (z) that are transferable without volume limitations pursuant to Rule 144.

 

  (m) Registration Expenses ” means all expenses incurred by the Company in complying with Sections 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 hereof, including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees, printing expenses, fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, reasonable fees and disbursements not to exceed twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) of a single special counsel for the Holders, blue sky fees and expenses and the expense of any special audits incident to or required by any such registration (but excluding the compensation of regular employees of the Company which shall be paid in any event by the Company).

 

  (n) Rule 144 ” means Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act.

 

  (o) SEC ” or “ Commission ” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

  (p) Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

  (q) Selling Expenses ” means all underwriting discounts and selling commissions applicable to any sale of Registrable Securities.

 

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  (r) Special Registration Statement ” means (i) any registration statement on Form S-8 or any similar form relating to any employee benefit plan, (ii) with respect to any corporate reorganization or transaction under Rule 145 of the Securities Act, any registration statement on Form S-4 or any similar form related to the issuance or resale of securities issued in such a transaction, or (iii) any registration statement related to securities issued upon conversion of debt securities.

 

  (s) T. Rowe Price ” means T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. and any successor or affiliated investment advisor to the T. Rowe Price Investors.

 

  (t) T. Rowe Price Investors ” means the Investors that are advisory clients of T. Rowe Price with respect to holdings of shares in the Company. For the sake of clarity, the T. Rowe Price Investors as of the date hereof are marked with an asterisk on Exhibit A attached hereto.

SECTION 2. REGISTRATION; RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER.

 

  2.1. Restrictions on Transfer.

 

  (a) Each Holder agrees not to transfer or make any disposition of all or any portion of its Registrable Securities unless and until:

 

  (i) there is then in effect a registration statement under the Securities Act covering such proposed transfer or disposition and such transfer or disposition is made in accordance with such registration statement; or

 

  (ii) (A) the transferee has agreed in writing to be bound by the terms of this Agreement, (B) such Holder shall have notified the Company of the proposed disposition, and (C) if reasonably requested by the Company, such Holder shall have furnished the Company with an opinion of counsel, reasonably satisfactory to the Company (it being understood that internal securities counsel of T. Rowe Price shall be deemed acceptable for transfers by the T. Rowe Price Investors and internal securities counsel of Fidelity shall be deemed acceptable for transfers by the Fidelity Investors), that such transfer or disposition will not require registration of such transfer or disposed Registrable Securities under the Securities Act. It is agreed that the Company will not require opinions of counsel for transactions made pursuant to Rule 144, except in unusual circumstances as determined in good faith by the Company. The Company will not require any transferee of any transfer or disposition made pursuant to Rule 144 to be bound by the terms of this Agreement if the shares of Common Stock so transferred do not remain Registrable Securities hereunder following such transfer (and clause (A) above shall not apply to such transfer or disposition).

 

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  (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a) above, no such restriction shall apply to a transfer by a Holder (i) that is a partnership transferring to its partners or former partners in accordance with partnership interests, (ii) that is a corporation transferring to a wholly owned subsidiary or a parent corporation that owns all of the capital stock of the Holder, (iii) that is a limited liability company transferring to its members or former members in accordance with their interest in the limited liability company, (iv) that is an individual transferring to such individual Holder’s family member or trust for the benefit of such individual Holder, (v) pursuant to a merger or reorganization of a U.S. registered mutual fund, (vi) by a T. Rowe Price Investor to any entity managed by its registered investment advisor, or (vii) by a Fidelity Investor to any entity managed by its registered investment advisor; provided that, in each case, the transferee shall agree in writing to be subject to the terms of this Agreement to the same extent as if such transferee were an original Holder hereunder.

 

  (c) Each certificate representing Registrable Securities shall be stamped or otherwise imprinted, and, in the case of Registrable Securities held in book-entry or other electronic form, the account at which such Registrable Securities are held shall be designated, with legends substantially similar to the following (in addition to any legend required under applicable state securities laws):

THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “ ACT ”), AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED OR HYPOTHECATED UNLESS AND UNTIL REGISTERED UNDER THE ACT OR UNLESS THE COMPANY HAS RECEIVED AN OPINION OF COUNSEL SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY AND ITS COUNSEL THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED.

THE SALE, PLEDGE, HYPOTHECATION OR TRANSFER OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE IS SUBJECT TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF A CERTAIN INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT BY AND BETWEEN THE STOCKHOLDER AND THE COMPANY. COPIES OF SUCH AGREEMENT MAY BE OBTAINED UPON WRITTEN REQUEST TO THE SECRETARY OF THE COMPANY.

 

  (d)

The Company shall be obligated to (i) remove such legend from any Registrable Securities or accounts in which such securities are held, as applicable, and (ii) reissue promptly unlegended Registrable Securities as necessary at the request of any Holder thereof, in each case, in connection with a sale of Registrable Securities by a Holder pursuant to Rule 144 and the Holder shall have obtained an opinion of counsel (which counsel may be counsel to the Company) reasonably acceptable to the Company (it

 

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  being understood that internal securities counsel of T. Rowe Price shall be deemed acceptable for requests by the T. Rowe Price Investors and it being understood that internal securities counsel of Fidelity shall be deemed acceptable for requests by the Fidelity Investors) to the effect that the Registrable Securities proposed to be disposed of may lawfully be so disposed pursuant to Rule 144 without registration, qualification and legend; provided that the second legend listed above shall be removed only at such time as the Holder of such Registrable Securities is no longer subject to any restrictions hereunder or in connection with a transfer or disposition in which the shares of Common Stock so transferred do not remain Registrable Securities hereunder following such transfer.

 

  (e) Any legend endorsed on an instrument pursuant to applicable state securities laws and the stop-transfer instructions with respect to such securities shall be removed upon receipt by the Company of an order of the appropriate blue sky authority authorizing such removal or upon delivery of opinion of counsel reasonably acceptable to the Company (it being understood that internal securities counsel of the T. Rowe Price shall be deemed acceptable with respect to the T. Rowe Price Investors) to the effect that such legend may be removed.

 

  2.2. Demand Registration.

 

  (a) Subject to the conditions of this Section 2.2, if the Company shall receive a written request from the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities (the “ Initiating Holders ”) that the Company file a registration statement under the Securities Act covering the registration of at least a majority of the Registrable Securities then outstanding (or a lesser percent if the anticipated aggregate offering price, net of underwriting discounts and commissions, would exceed $10,000,000), then the Company shall, within thirty (30) days of the receipt thereof, give written notice of such request to all Holders, and subject to the limitations of this Section 2.2, effect, as expeditiously as reasonably possible, the registration under the Securities Act of all Registrable Securities that all Holders request to be registered. Any registration statement filed by the Company pursuant to this Section 2.2 shall be on Form S-3 whenever the Company is qualified to use such form.

 

  (b)

If the Initiating Holders intend to distribute the Registrable Securities covered by their request by means of an underwritten offering, they shall so advise the Company as a part of their request made pursuant to this Section 2.2 or any request pursuant to Section 2.4, and the Company shall include such information in the written notice referred to in Section 2.2(a) or Section 2.4(a), as applicable. In such event, the right of any Holder to include its Registrable Securities in such registration shall be conditioned upon such Holder’s participation in such underwriting and the inclusion of such Holder’s Registrable Securities in the underwritten offering to the

 

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  extent provided herein. All Holders proposing to distribute their Registrable Securities through such underwritten offering shall enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the underwriter or underwriters selected for such underwriting by the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities held by all Initiating Holders (which underwriter or underwriters shall be reasonably acceptable to the Company). Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 2.2 or Section 2.4, if the underwriter advises the Company that marketing factors require a limitation of the number of securities to be offered in the applicable underwritten offering (including Registrable Securities), then the Company shall so advise all Holders of Registrable Securities that would otherwise be offered in such underwritten offering, and the number of Registrable Securities that may be included in such underwritten offering shall be allocated to the Holders of such Registrable Securities on a pro rata basis based on the number of Registrable Securities held by all such Holders (including the Initiating Holders). Any Registrable Securities excluded or withdrawn from such underwritten offering shall be withdrawn from the registration.

 

  (c) The Company shall not be required to effect a registration pursuant to this Section 2.2:

 

  (i) after the Company has effected two (2) registrations pursuant to this Section 2.2, and such registrations have been declared or ordered effective;

 

  (ii) during the period starting with the date of filing of, and ending on the date one hundred eighty (180) days following the effective date of the registration statement pertaining to a public offering, other than pursuant to a Special Registration Statement; provided that the Company makes reasonable good faith efforts to cause such registration statement to become effective;

 

  (iii) if within thirty (30) days of receipt of a written request from Initiating Holders pursuant to Section 2.2(a), the Company gives notice to the Holders of the Company’s intention to file a registration statement for a public offering, other than pursuant to a Special Registration Statement within ninety (90) days;

 

  (iv) if the Company shall furnish to Holders requesting a registration statement pursuant to this Section 2.2 a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board stating that in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company, it would be seriously detrimental to the Company and its stockholders for such registration statement to be effected at such time, in which event the Company shall have the right to defer such filing for a period of not more than one hundred twenty (120) days after receipt of the request of the Initiating Holders; provided that such right to delay a request shall be exercised by the Company not more than twice in any twelve (12) month period;

 

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  (v) if the Initiating Holders propose to dispose of Registrable Securities that may be immediately registered on Form S-3 pursuant to a request made pursuant to Section 2.4 below; or

 

  (vi) in any particular jurisdiction in which the Company would be required to qualify to do business or to execute a general consent to service of process in effecting such registration, qualification or compliance.

 

  2.3. Piggyback Registrations. The Company shall notify all Holders and Additional Holders in writing at least fifteen (15) days prior to the filing of any registration statement under the Securities Act for purposes of a public offering of securities of the Company (including, but not limited to, registration statements relating to secondary offerings of securities of the Company, but excluding Special Registration Statements) and will afford each such Holder or Additional Holder an opportunity to include in such registration statement all or part of such Registrable Securities held by such Holder or Additional Holder. Each Holder or Additional Holder desiring to include in any such registration statement all or any part of the Registrable Securities held by it shall, within fifteen (15) days after the above-described notice from the Company, so notify the Company in writing. Such notice shall state the intended method of disposition of the Registrable Securities by such Holder or Additional Holder. If a Holder or Additional Holder decides not to include all of its Registrable Securities in any registration statement thereafter filed by the Company, such Holder or Additional Holder shall nevertheless continue to have the right to include any Registrable Securities in any subsequent registration statement or registration statements as may be filed by the Company with respect to offerings of its securities, all upon the terms and conditions set forth herein. For purposes of this Section 2.3 only, the shares of Common Stock set forth opposite each Additional Holder’s name on Exhibit B shall be deemed Registrable Securities.

 

  (a)

Underwriting . If the registration statement for which the Company gives notice under this Section 2.3 is for an underwritten offering, the Company shall so advise the Holders and Additional Holders of Registrable Securities. In such event, the right of any such Holder or Additional Holder to include Registrable Securities in a registration pursuant to this Section 2.3 shall be conditioned upon such Holder or Additional Holder’s participation in such underwritten offering and the inclusion of such Holder or Additional Holder’s Registrable Securities in such underwritten offering to the extent provided herein. All Holders or Additional Holders proposing to distribute their Registrable Securities through such underwritten offering shall enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the underwriter or underwriters selected for such

 

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  underwriting by the Company. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, if the underwriter determines in good faith that marketing factors require a limitation of the number of securities to be offered in such underwritten offering, the number of securities that may be included in the underwritten offering shall be allocated, (i)  first , to the Company; (ii)  second , to the Holders on a pro rata basis based on the total number of Registrable Securities held by the Holders; (iii)  third , to the Additional Holders on a pro rata basis based on the total number of Registrable Securities held by the Additional Holders; and (iv)  fourth , to any stockholder of the Company (other than a Holder) on a pro rata basis. If any Holder or Additional Holder disapproves of the terms of any such underwritten offering, such Holder or Additional Holder may elect to withdraw therefrom by written notice to the Company and the underwriter, delivered at least ten (10) business days prior to the effective date of the registration statement. Any Registrable Securities excluded or withdrawn from such underwriting shall be excluded and withdrawn from the registration. For any Holder or Additional Holder that is a partnership, limited liability company or corporation, the partners, retired partners, members, retired members and stockholders of such Holder or Additional Holder, or the estates and family members of any such partners, retired partners, members and retired members, and any trusts for the benefit of any of the foregoing person shall be deemed to be a single Holder or Additional Holder, as applicable, and any pro rata reduction with respect to such Holder or Additional Holder shall be based upon the aggregate amount of Registrable Securities entitled to registration rights under this Agreement that are owned by all entities and individuals included in such Holder or Additional Holder, as defined in this sentence. The T. Rowe Price Investors and Fidelity Investors, respectively, shall each be deemed to be a single “Holder,” for purpose of any pro rata reduction under this Section 2.2(a) and any such pro rata reduction with respect to any such “Holder” shall be based upon the aggregate amount of Registrable Securities entitled to registration rights under this Agreement that are owned by all entities and individuals included in such “Holder,” as defined in this sentence.

 

  (b) Right to Terminate Registration . The Company shall have the right to terminate or withdraw any registration initiated by it under this Section 2.3 whether or not any Holder or Additional Holder has elected to include their Registrable Securities in such registration, and shall promptly notify any Holder or Additional Holder that has elected to include their Registrable Securities in such registration of such termination or withdrawal. The Registration Expenses of such withdrawn registration shall be borne by the Company in accordance with Section 2.5 hereof.

 

  2.4. Form S-3 Registration. In case the Company shall receive from any Holder or Holders of Registrable Securities a written request or requests that the Company effect a registration on Form S-3 and any related qualification or compliance with respect to all or a part of the Registrable Securities owned by such Holder or Holders, the Company shall:

 

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  (a) promptly give written notice of the proposed registration, and any related qualification or compliance, to all other Holders of Registrable Securities; and

 

  (b) as soon as practicable, effect such registration and all such qualifications and compliances as may be so requested and as would permit or facilitate the sale and distribution of all or such portion of such Holder’s or Holders’ Registrable Securities as are specified in such request, together with all or such portion of the Registrable Securities of any other Holder or Holders joining in such request as are specified in a written request given within fifteen (15) days after receipt of such written notice from the Company; provided , however , that the Company shall not be obligated to effect any such registration, qualification or compliance pursuant to this Section 2.4:

 

  (i) if Form S-3 is not available to the Company for such offering by the Holders, or

 

  (ii) if the Holders, together with the holders of any other securities of the Company entitled to inclusion in such registration, propose to sell Registrable Securities and such other securities (if any) at an aggregate price to the public of less than one million dollars ($1,000,000), or

 

  (iii) if within thirty (30) days of receipt of a written request from any Holder or Holders pursuant to this Section 2.4, the Company gives notice to such Holder or Holders of the Company’s intention to make a public offering within ninety (90) days, other than pursuant to a Special Registration Statement;

 

  (iv) if the Company shall furnish to the Holders a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company stating that in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company, it would be seriously detrimental to the Company and its stockholders for such Form S-3 registration to be effected at such time, in which event the Company shall have the right to defer the filing of the Form S-3 registration statement for a period of not more than one hundred twenty (120) days after receipt of the request of the Holder or Holders under this Section 2.4; provided that such right to delay a request shall be exercised by the Company not more than twice in any twelve (12) month period, or

 

  (v) if the Company has already effected two (2) registrations on Form S-3 for the Holders pursuant to this Section 2.4, or

 

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  (vi) in any particular jurisdiction in which the Company would be required to qualify to do business or to execute a general consent to service of process in effecting such registration, qualification or compliance.

 

  (c) Subject to the foregoing, the Company shall file a Form S-3 registration statement covering the Registrable Securities and other securities so requested to be registered as soon as practicable after receipt of the requests of the Holders. Registrations effected pursuant to this Section 2.4 shall not be counted as demands for registration or registrations effected pursuant to Section 2.2. All Registration Expenses incurred in connection with registrations requested pursuant to this Section 2.4 after the first two (2) registrations shall be paid by the selling Holders pro rata in proportion to the number of Registrable Securities to be sold by each such Holder in any such registration.

 

  2.5. Expenses of Registration. Except as specifically provided herein, all Registration Expenses incurred in connection with any registration, qualification or compliance pursuant to Section 2.2, 2.3 or 2.4 herein shall be borne by the Company. All Selling Expenses incurred in connection with any registrations hereunder, shall be borne by the holders of the securities so registered pro rata on the basis of the number of shares so registered. The Company shall not, however, be required to pay for expenses of any registration proceeding begun pursuant to Section 2.2 or 2.4, the request of which has been subsequently withdrawn by the Initiating Holders, unless (a) the withdrawal is based upon material adverse information concerning the Company of which the Initiating Holders were not aware at the time of such request or (b) the Holders of a majority of Registrable Securities agree to deem such registration to have been effected as of the date of such withdrawal for purposes of determining whether the Company shall be obligated pursuant to Section 2.2(c)(i) or 2.4(b)(v), as applicable, to undertake any subsequent registration, in which event such right shall be forfeited by all Holders. If the Holders are required to pay the Registration Expenses, such expenses shall be borne by the holders of securities (including Registrable Securities) requesting such registration in proportion to the number of securities for which registration was requested. If the Company is required to pay the Registration Expenses of a withdrawn offering pursuant to clause (a) above, then such registration shall not be deemed to have been effected for purposes of determining whether the Company shall be obligated pursuant to Section 2.2(c)(i) or 2.4(b)(v), as applicable, to undertake any subsequent registration.

 

  2.6. Obligations of the Company. Whenever required to effect the registration of any Registrable Securities, the Company shall, as expeditiously as reasonably possible:

 

  (a)

prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement with respect to such Registrable Securities and use all reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to become effective, and, upon the request of the

 

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  Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities registered thereunder, keep such registration statement effective for up to thirty (30) days (to be measured from the expiration of any lockup period related to such registration, if applicable) or, if earlier, until the Holder or Holders have completed the distribution related thereto; provided , however , that at any time, upon written notice to the participating Holders and for a period not to exceed sixty (60) days thereafter (the “ Suspension Period ”), the Company may delay the filing or effectiveness of any registration statement or suspend the use or effectiveness of any registration statement (and the Initiating Holders hereby agree not to offer or sell any Registrable Securities pursuant to such registration statement during the Suspension Period) if the Company reasonably believes that there is or may be in existence material nonpublic information or events involving the Company, the failure of which to be disclosed in the prospectus included in the registration statement could result in a Violation (as defined below). In the event that the Company shall exercise its right to delay or suspend the filing or effectiveness of a registration hereunder, the applicable time period during which the registration statement is to remain effective shall be extended by a period of time equal to the duration of the Suspension Period. The Company may extend the Suspension Period for an additional consecutive sixty (60) days with the consent of the holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities registered under the applicable registration statement, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. If so directed by the Company, all Holders registering Registrable Securities under such registration statement shall (i) not offer to sell any Registrable Securities pursuant to the registration statement during the period in which the delay or suspension is in effect after receiving notice of such delay or suspension; and (ii) use their best efforts to deliver to the Company (at the Company’s expense) all copies, other than permanent file copies then in such Holders’ possession, of the prospectus relating to such Registrable Securities current at the time of receipt of such notice. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be required to file, cause to become effective or maintain the effectiveness of any registration statement other than a registration statement on Form S-3 that contemplates a distribution of securities on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act.

 

  (b) Prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and supplements to such registration statement and the prospectus used in connection with such registration statement as may be necessary to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the disposition of all securities covered by such registration statement for the period set forth in Section 2.6(a) above.

 

  (c) Furnish to the Holders such number of copies of a prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, and such other documents as they may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of Registrable Securities owned by them.

 

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  (d) Use its reasonable efforts to register and qualify the securities covered by such registration statement under such other securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as shall be reasonably requested by the Holders; provided that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith or as a condition thereto to qualify to do business or to file a general consent to service of process in any such states or jurisdictions.

 

  (e) In the event of any underwritten public offering, enter into and perform its obligations under an underwriting agreement, in usual and customary form, with the managing underwriter(s) of such offering. Each Holder participating in such underwriting shall also enter into and perform its obligations under such underwriting agreement.

 

  (f) Notify each Holder of Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement at any time when a prospectus relating thereto is required to be delivered under the Securities Act of the happening of any event as a result of which the prospectus included in such registration statement, as then in effect, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances then existing. The Company will use reasonable efforts to amend or supplement such prospectus in order to cause such prospectus not to include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances then existing.

 

  (g) Use its reasonable efforts to furnish, on the date that such Registrable Securities are delivered to the underwriters for sale, if such securities are being sold through underwriters, (i) an opinion, dated as of such date, of the counsel representing the Company for the purposes of such registration, in form and substance as is customarily given to underwriters in an underwritten public offering, addressed to the underwriters, if any, and (ii) a letter, dated as of such date, from the independent certified public accountants of the Company, in form and substance as is customarily given by independent certified public accountants to underwriters in an underwritten public offering addressed to the underwriters.

 

  (h) Comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the Commission, and make available to its security holders, as soon as reasonably practicable, an earnings statement covering the period of at least twelve (12) months, but not more than eighteen (18) months, beginning with the first month after the effective date of the registration statement, which earnings statement shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 thereunder (or any comparable successor provisions).

 

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  2.7. Delay of Registration; Furnishing Information.

 

  (a) No Holder shall have any right to obtain or seek an injunction restraining or otherwise delaying any such registration as the result of any controversy that might arise with respect to the interpretation or implementation of this Section 2.

 

  (b) It shall be a condition precedent to the obligations of the Company to take any action pursuant to Section 2.2, 2.3 or 2.4 that the selling Holders shall furnish to the Company such information regarding themselves, the Registrable Securities held by them and the intended method of disposition of such securities as shall be required to effect the registration of their Registrable Securities.

 

  (c) The Company shall have no obligation with respect to any registration requested pursuant to Section 2.2 or Section 2.4 if the number of shares or the anticipated aggregate offering price of the Registrable Securities to be included in the registration does not equal or exceed the number of shares or the anticipated aggregate offering price required to originally trigger the Company’s obligation to initiate such registration as specified in Section 2.2 or Section 2.4, whichever is applicable.

 

  2.8. Indemnification. In the event any Registrable Securities are included in a registration statement under Sections 2.2, 2.3 or 2.4:

 

  (a)

To the extent permitted by law, the Company will indemnify and hold harmless each Holder, the partners, members, officers and directors of each Holder, any underwriter (as defined in the Securities Act) for such Holder and each person, if any, who controls such Holder or underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, against any losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (joint or several) to which they may become subject under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or other federal or state law, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any of the following statements, omissions or violations (collectively a “ Violation ”) by the Company: (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in such registration statement or incorporated reference therein, including any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained therein or any amendments or supplements thereto, (ii) the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein, or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or (iii) any violation or alleged violation by the Company of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, any state securities law or any rule or regulation promulgated under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any state

 

14


  securities law in connection with the offering covered by such registration statement; and the Company will reimburse each such Holder, partner, member, officer, director, underwriter or controlling person for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; provided however , that the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 2.8(a) shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action if such settlement is effected without the consent of the Company, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, nor shall the Company be liable in any such case for any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action to the extent that it arises out of or is based upon a Violation which occurs in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished expressly for use in connection with such registration by such Holder, partner, member, officer, director, underwriter or controlling person of such Holder or underwriter.

 

  (b)

To the extent permitted by law, each Holder severally and not jointly, will, if Registrable Securities held by such Holder are included in the securities as to which such registration qualifications or compliance is being effected, indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of its directors, its officers and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, any underwriter and any other Holder selling securities under such registration statement or any of such other Holder’s partners, directors or officers or any person who controls such Holder, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (joint or several) to which the Company or any such director, officer, controlling person, underwriter or other such Holder, or partner, director, officer or controlling person of such other Holder may become subject under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or other federal or state law, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereto) arise out of or are based upon any of the following statements: (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in such registration statement or incorporated reference therein, including any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained therein or any amendments or supplements thereto, (ii) the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein, or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or (iii) any violation or alleged violation by the Company of the Securities Act (collectively, a “ Holder Violation ”), in each case to the extent (and only to the extent) that such Holder Violation occurs in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished by such Holder under an instrument duly executed by such Holder and stated to be specifically for use in connection with such registration; and each such Holder will reimburse any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company or any such director, officer, controlling person, underwriter or other Holder, or partner, officer, director or controlling person of such

 

15


  other Holder in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action if it is judicially determined that there was such a Holder Violation; provided , however , that the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 2.8(b) shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action if such settlement is effected without the consent of the Holder, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; provided , further , that in no event shall any indemnity under this Section 2.8 exceed the net proceeds from the offering received by such Holder when combined with any amounts contributed under Section 2.8(d) by such Holder.

 

  (c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 2.8 of notice of the commencement of any action (including any governmental action), such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against any indemnifying party under this Section 2.8, deliver to the indemnifying party a written notice of the commencement thereof and the indemnifying party shall have the right to participate in, and, to the extent the indemnifying party so desires, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly noticed, to assume the defense thereof with counsel mutually satisfactory to the parties; provided , however , that an indemnified party shall have the right to retain its own counsel, with the fees and expenses thereof to be paid by the indemnifying party, if representation of such indemnified party by the counsel retained by the indemnifying party would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between such indemnified party and any other party represented by such counsel in such proceeding. The failure to deliver written notice to the indemnifying party within a reasonable time of the commencement of any such action shall relieve such indemnifying party of any liability to the indemnified party under this Section 2.8 to the extent, and only to the extent, prejudicial to its ability to defend such action, but the omission so to deliver written notice to the indemnifying party will not relieve it of any liability that it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under this Section 2.8.

 

  (d)

If the indemnification provided for in this Section 2.8 is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be unavailable to an indemnified party with respect to any losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to herein, the indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party thereunder, shall to the extent permitted by applicable law contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such loss, claim, damage or liability in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party on the one hand and of the indemnified party on the other in connection with the Violation(s) or Holder Violation(s), as the case may be, that resulted in such loss, claim, damage or liability, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the indemnifying party and of the indemnified party shall be determined by a court of law by reference to, among other things,

 

16


  whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the indemnifying party or by the indemnified party and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission; provided that in no event shall any contribution by a Holder hereunder exceed the proceeds from the offering received by such Holder.

 

  (e) The obligations of the Company and Holders under this Section 2.8 shall survive completion of any offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to a registration statement and, with respect to liability arising from an offering to which this Section 2.8 would apply that is covered by a registration statement filed before termination of this Agreement, such termination. No indemnifying party, in the defense of any such claim or litigation, shall, except with the consent of each indemnified party, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement which does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such Indemnified Party of a release from all liability in respect to such claim or litigation.

 

  2.9. Assignment of Registration Rights. The rights to cause the Company to register Registrable Securities pursuant to this Section 2 may be assigned by a Holder to a transferee or assignee of Registrable Securities (for so long as such securities remain Registrable Securities) that (a) is a subsidiary, parent, general partner, limited partner, retired partner, member or retired member, or stockholder of a Holder that is a corporation, partnership or limited liability company, (b) is a Holder’s family member or trust for the benefit of an individual Holder, (c) acquires at least 25,000 shares of Registrable Securities (as adjusted for stock splits and combinations), or (d) pursuant to a transfer permitted under Section 2.1(a) or (b) above; provided , however , (i) the transferor shall, within ten (10) days after such transfer, furnish to the Company written notice of the name and address of such transferee or assignee and the securities with respect to which such registration rights are being assigned, and (ii) such transferee shall agree to be subject to all restrictions set forth in this Agreement.

 

  2.10. Limitation on Subsequent Registration Rights. After the date of this Agreement, the Company shall not, without the prior written consent of a majority of the Holders of then-outstanding Registrable Securities, enter into any agreement with any holder or prospective holder of any securities of the Company that would grant such holder rights to demand the registration of shares of the Company’s capital stock, or to include such shares in a registration statement that would reduce the number of shares includable by the Holders.

 

  2.11.

Lockup Agreement. Each Holder hereby agrees that, if requested by the managing underwriter(s) of an underwritten public offering, such Holder shall enter into lock-up agreements with such managing underwriter(s) that provides for restrictions on such Holder’s ability to sell, transfer, make any short sale of,

 

17


  grant any option for the purchase of, or enter into any hedging or similar transaction with the same economic effect as a sale, any Common Stock (or other securities) of the Company held by such Holder immediately before the effective date of the registration statement for such underwritten public offering during a period lasting no longer than 90 days following the date of the final prospectus for such underwritten public offering, except as otherwise agreed to by the managing underwriter(s) and except for sales made as part of such underwritten public offering and such other exceptions for dispositions and other transfers as may be agreed upon by such Holder and the managing underwriter(s) in connection with such underwritten public offering. The obligations described in this Section 2.11 shall not apply to any Special Registration Statements.

 

  2.12. Agreement to Furnish Information. Each Holder agrees to execute and deliver such other agreements as may be reasonably requested by the Company or the underwriters that are consistent with the Holder’s obligations under Section 2.11 or that are necessary to give further effect thereto. In addition, if requested by the Company or the representative of the underwriters of any underwritten public offering of Common Stock (or other securities) of the Company, each Holder shall provide, within ten (10) days of such request, such information as may be reasonably required by the Company or such representative in connection with the completion of any public offering of the Company’s securities pursuant to a registration statement filed under the Securities Act. The obligations described in Section 2.11 and this Section 2.13 shall not apply to a Special Registration Statement. The Company may impose stop-transfer instructions with respect to the shares of Common Stock (or other securities) subject to the foregoing restriction until the end of said day period. Each Holder agrees that any transferee of any Registrable Securities shall be bound by Section 2.11 and this Section 2.13. The underwriters of the Company’s stock are intended third party beneficiaries of Section 2.11 and shall have the right, power and authority to enforce the provisions of Section 2.11 as though they were a party hereto.

 

  2.13. Rule 144 Reporting. With a view to making available to the Holders the benefits of certain rules and regulations of the SEC which may permit the sale of the Registrable Securities to the public without registration, the Company agrees to use its best efforts to:

 

  (a) Make and keep public information available, as those terms are understood and defined in SEC Rule 144 or any similar or analogous rule promulgated under the Securities Act;

 

  (b) File with the SEC, in a timely manner, all reports and other documents required of the Company under the Exchange Act; and

 

  (c) So long as a Holder owns any Registrable Securities, furnish to such Holder forthwith upon request: a written statement by the Company as to its compliance with the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act; a copy of the most recent annual or quarterly report of the Company filed with the Commission; and such other reports and documents as a Holder may reasonably request in connection with availing itself of any rule or regulation of the SEC allowing it to sell any such Registrable Securities without registration.

 

18


  2.14. Termination of Registration Rights. The right of any Holder to request registration or inclusion of Registrable Securities in any registration pursuant to Section 2.2, Section 2.3, or Section 2.4 hereof shall terminate upon the earlier of: (i) August 5, 2017; or (ii) such time as such Holder, as reflected on the Company’s list of stockholders, holds less than 1% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock and all Registrable Securities of the Company held by and issuable to such Holder (and its Affiliates) may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 during any ninety (90) day period without limitation. Upon such termination, such shares shall cease to be Registrable Securities hereunder for all purposes.

SECTION 3. COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY.

 

  3.1. Confidentiality of Records. Each Investor agrees to use the same degree of care as such Investor uses to protect its own confidential information to keep confidential any information furnished to such Investor hereof that the Company identifies as being confidential or proprietary (so long as such information is not in the public domain), except that such Investor may disclose such proprietary or confidential information (a) to any registered investment advisor, partner, limited partner, prospective partner or limited partner, subsidiary or parent of such Investor as long as such registered investment advisor, partner, limited partner, prospective partner or limited partner, subsidiary or parent is advised of and agrees or has agreed to be bound by the confidentiality provisions of this Section 3.1 or comparable restrictions; (b) at such time as it enters the public domain through no fault of such Investor; (c) that is communicated to it free of any obligation of confidentiality; (d) that is developed by Investor or its agents independently of and without reference to any confidential information communicated by the Company; or (d) as required by applicable law. For the sake of clarity, nothing contained in this Section 3.1 shall in any way restrict or impair the obligations of T. Rowe Price or Fidelity, to report the investment of its respective advisory clients (as Investors) in the Company in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, without any requirement of prior notice to the Company.

 

  3.2. Directors’ Liability and Indemnification. The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws shall provide (a) for elimination of the liability of director to the maximum extent permitted by law and (b) for indemnification of directors for acts on behalf of the Company to the maximum extent permitted by law.

 

  3.3. Publicity. The Company shall not use the name or trademarks of (a) T. Rowe Price or the T. Rowe Price Investors or (b) Fidelity or the Fidelity Investors without the prior review and written consent of T. Rowe Price or Fidelity, respectively.

 

19


SECTION 4. MISCELLANEOUS.

 

  4.1. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed under the laws of the State of California in all respects as such laws are applied to agreements among California residents entered into and to be performed entirely within California, without reference to conflicts of laws or principles thereof. The parties agree that any action brought by either party under or in relation to this Agreement, including without limitation to interpret or enforce any provision of this Agreement, shall be brought in, and each party agrees to and does hereby submit to the jurisdiction and venue of, any state or federal court located in the County of Santa Clara, California. THE PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT HEREBY WAIVE, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THEIR RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY WITH RESPECT TO DISPUTES ARISING UNDER THIS AGREEMENT AND THE RELATED AGREEMENTS AND CONSENT TO A BENCH TRIAL WITH THE APPROPRIATE JUDGE ACTING AS THE FINDER OF FACT.

 

  4.2. Successors and Assigns. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, the provisions hereof shall inure to the benefit of, and be binding upon, the parties hereto and their respective successors, assigns, heirs, executors, and administrators and shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by each person who shall be a holder of Registrable Securities from time to time; provided , however , that prior to the receipt by the Company of adequate written notice of the transfer of any Registrable Securities specifying the full name and address of the transferee, the Company may deem and treat the person listed as the holder of such securities in its records as the absolute owner and holder of such securities for all purposes, including the payment of dividends or any redemption price.

 

  4.3. Entire Agreement. This Agreement, the Exhibits and Schedules hereto and the other documents delivered pursuant thereto constitute the full and entire understanding and agreement between the parties with regard to the subjects hereof and no party shall be liable or bound to any other in any manner by any oral or written representations, warranties, covenants and agreements except as specifically set forth herein and therein. Each party expressly represents and warrants that it is not relying on any oral or written representations, warranties, covenants or agreements outside of this Agreement. The Prior Agreement is hereby amended in its entirety and restated herein, and all provisions of, rights granted and covenants made in the Prior Agreement are hereby waived, released and superseded in their entirety and shall have no further force or effect.

 

  4.4. Severability. In the event one or more of the provisions of this Agreement should, for any reason, be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality, or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this Agreement, and this Agreement shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein.

 

20


  4.5. Amendment and Waiver.

 

  (a) Except as otherwise expressly provided, this Agreement may be amended or modified, and the obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders under this Agreement may be waived, only upon the written consent of the Company and the Holders of at least a majority of the then-outstanding Registrable Securities.

 

  (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, any amendment, modification or waiver that adversely affects the rights of an Investor in a manner that is materially different than the effect on the rights of the other Investors shall also require the written consent of such adversely affected Investor.

 

  (c) For the purposes of determining the number of Holders or Investors entitled to vote or exercise any rights hereunder, the Company shall be entitled to rely solely on the list of record holders of its Common Stock as maintained by or on behalf of the Company.

 

  4.6. Delays or Omissions. It is agreed that no delay or omission to exercise any right, power, or remedy accruing to any party, upon any breach, default or noncompliance by another party under this Agreement shall impair any such right, power, or remedy, nor shall it be construed to be a waiver of any such breach, default or noncompliance, or any acquiescence therein, or of any similar breach, default or noncompliance thereafter occurring. It is further agreed that any waiver, permit, consent, or approval of any kind or character on any party’s part of any breach, default or noncompliance under the Agreement or any waiver on such party’s part of any provisions or conditions of this Agreement must be in writing and shall be effective only to the extent specifically set forth in such writing. All remedies, either under this Agreement, by law, or otherwise afforded to any party, shall be cumulative and not alternative.

 

  4.7. Notices. All notices required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed effectively given: (a) upon personal delivery to the party to be notified, (b) when sent by confirmed electronic mail or facsimile if sent during normal business hours of the recipient; if not, then on the next business day, (c) five (5) days after having been sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or (d) one (1) day after deposit with a nationally recognized overnight courier, specifying next day delivery, with written verification of receipt. All communications shall be sent to the party to be notified at the address as set forth on the signature pages hereof or Exhibit A hereto or at such other address or electronic mail address as such party may designate by ten (10) days advance written notice to the other parties hereto.

 

21


  4.8. Attorneys’ Fees. In the event that any suit or action is instituted under or in relation to this Agreement, including without limitation to enforce any provision in this Agreement, the prevailing party in such dispute shall be entitled to recover from the losing party all fees, costs and expenses of enforcing any right of such prevailing party under or with respect to this Agreement, including without limitation, such reasonable fees and expenses of attorneys and accountants, which shall include, without limitation, all fees, costs and expenses of appeals.

 

  4.9. Titles and Subtitles. The titles of the sections and subsections of this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and are not to be considered in construing this Agreement.

 

  4.10. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one instrument.

 

  4.11. Aggregation of Stock. All shares of Registrable Securities held or acquired by entities or persons that are Affiliates of each other shall be aggregated together for the purpose of determining the availability of any rights under this Agreement.

 

  4.12. Pronouns. All pronouns contained herein, and any variations thereof, shall be deemed to refer to the masculine, feminine or neutral, singular or plural, as to the identity of the parties hereto may require.

 

  4.13. Termination. This Agreement shall terminate and be of no further force or effect upon the earlier of (i) an Acquisition; or (ii) August 5, 2017.

 

  4.14. Specific Performance. In addition to any and all other remedies that may be available at law in the event of any breach of this Agreement, each Investor shall be entitled to seek specific performance of the agreements and obligations of the Company hereunder and to such other injunction or other equitable relief as may be granted by a court of competent jurisdiction, without having to prove actual damages or that monetary damages would be inadequate.

[THIS SPACE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

 

22


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT as of the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof.

 

COMPANY:
AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

/s/ Paul B. Cleveland

  Name:   Paul B. Cleveland
  Title:   President & Chief Executive Officer
Address:   1035 O’Brien Drive
    Menlo Park, CA 94025
    Attention: Chief Executive Officer


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT as of the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof.

 

COMPANY:
AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

 

  Name:  
  Title:  
Address:   1035 O’Brien Drive
    Menlo Park, CA 94025
    Attention: Chief Executive Officer
NEW INVESTORS:
AMBER SALZMAN

/s/ Amber Salzman


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT as of the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof.

 

COMPANY:
AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

 

  Name:  
  Title:  
Address:   1035 O’Brien Drive
    Menlo Park, CA 94025
    Attention: Chief Executive Officer
NEW INVESTORS:
INSERM TRANSFERT INITIATIVE SAS
By:  

/s/ Francois Thomas

  Name:   Francois Thomas
  Title:   President & Managing Partner


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT as of the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof.

 

COMPANY:
AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

 

  Name:  
  Title:  
Address:   1035 O’Brien Drive
    Menlo Park, CA 94025
    Attention: Chief Executive Officer
NEW INVESTORS:
HÉLÈNE PUCCIO

/s/ Hélène Puccio


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT as of the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof.

 

COMPANY:
AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

 

  Name:  
  Title:  
Address:   1035 O’Brien Drive
    Menlo Park, CA 94025
    Attention: Chief Executive Officer
   
NEW INVESTORS:
DECHERT LLP
By:  

/s/ Corey Smith

  Name:   Corey Smith
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT as of the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof.

 

COMPANY:
AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

 

  Name:  
  Title:  
Address:   1035 O’Brien Drive
    Menlo Park, CA 94025
    Attention: Chief Executive Officer
NEW INVESTORS:
RONALD CRYSTAL

/s/ Ronald Crystal


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT as of the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof.

 

COMPANY:
AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

 

  Name:  
  Title:  
Address:   1035 O’Brien Drive
    Menlo Park, CA 94025
    Attention: Chief Executive Officer
NEW INVESTORS:
VERSANT SIDE FUND IV, L.P.
By:   Versant Ventures IV, LLC
  its General Partner
  By:  

/s/ Robin L. Praeger

   

Name:

  Robin L. Praeger
   

Title:

  Managing Director


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT as of the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof.

 

COMPANY:
AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

 

  Name:    
  Title:    
Address:   1035 O’Brien Drive
    Menlo Park, CA 94025
    Attention: Chief Executive Officer
NEW INVESTORS:
VERSANT VENTURE CAPITAL IV, L.P.
By:   Versant Ventures IV, LLC
  its General Partner
  By:  

/s/ Robin L. Praeger

    Name:   Robin L. Praeger
    Title:   Managing Director


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT as of the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof.

 

COMPANY:
AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

 

 

Name:

Title:

   
Address:   1035 O’Brien Drive
    Menlo Park, CA 94025
    Attention: Chief Executive Officer
NEW INVESTORS:
FPCI FONDS BIOTHÉRAPIES
INNOVANTES ET MALADIES RARES
By:   BPIFRANCE INVESTISSEMENT SAS
  By:  

/s/ Laurent Arthaud

    Name:   Laurent Arthaud
    Title:   Managing Director
      BPIFRANCE INVESTISSEMENT


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT as of the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof.

 

COMPANY:
AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

 

 

Name:

Title:

   
Address:   1035 O’Brien Drive
    Menlo Park, CA 94025
    Attention: Chief Executive Officer
NEW INVESTORS:
VERSANT CAPITAL IV
(SWITZERLAND) GMBH
By:  

/s/ Thomas Woiwode

  Name:   Thomas Woiwode
  Title:   Director


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT as of the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof.

 

COMPANY:
AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:
Address: 1035 O’Brien Drive

Menlo Park, CA 94025

Attention: Chief Executive Officer

NEW INVESTORS:
VIRGINIE BONNAMAIN

/s/ Virginie Bonnamain


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTOR RIGHTS AGREEMENT as of the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof.

 

COMPANY:
AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:
Address: 1035 O’Brien Drive

Menlo Park, CA 94025

Attention: Chief Executive Officer

NEW INVESTORS:
MATTHIEU COUTET

/s/ Matthieu Coutet

Exhibit 10.1

 

LOGO   

1035 O’Brien Drive, Menlo Park, CA 94025

Tel +1-650-272-6269 | Fax +1-650-362-1908

January 29, 2016

Carlo Russo, M.D.

Re: Employment Terms for Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer

Dear Carlo,

In connection with the acquisition (the “Acquisition”) of all outstanding shares of Annapurna Therapeutics SAS (the “Target”) by Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc. (the “Company”), this letter agreement (the “Agreement”) memorializes the employment terms for your employment with the Company in the position of Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer of the Company. These terms will become effective on the closing of the Acquisition (the “Closing Date”). In the event the Acquisition is not consummated, this Agreement shall be of no force or effect. Your first day of work as Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer will be the Closing Date.

Effective as of the Closing Date, your employment terms will be as follows:

 

1. Duties; Reporting Relationship; Office Location.

In the position of Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer, you will serve in an executive capacity and will be required to perform the duties of Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer as commonly associated with this position, and other duties commensurate with such position as may be assigned to you by the President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company from time to time. You will report directly to the President and Chief Operating Officer, and will work at the Company’s offices located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

 

2. Compensation and Benefits.

Your base salary will be Four Hundred and Forty Thousand Dollars ($440,000) annually, subject to payroll deductions and all required withholdings, representing full-time employment with the Company. Your salary will be paid in accordance with the Company’s standard payroll schedule.

In addition, for each calendar year starting with 2016 you will be eligible to earn an annual performance bonus with a target bonus amount equal to forty percent (40%) of your salary earned during the bonus year, provided that you are actively employed from the Closing Date through and including the date of bonus grants. Your annual bonus will be calculated based on attainment of individual goals (including corporate and personal objectives) to be determined by the Board. Bonus payments will be in the form of cash and will be granted entirely at the discretion of the Board. Any cash bonus payments will be less payroll deductions and all required withholdings.


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You will be eligible to participate in the Company’s general employee benefits in accordance with the terms, conditions and limitations of the benefit plans to the extent such plans have been established by the Company.

 

3. Stock Options.

In addition to the compensation and benefits described above, the Company will grant you, upon the Closing Date, a stock option which, when combined with the Rollover Options (as defined below) will give you options to purchase an aggregate of two percent (2%) of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock (based on basic shares outstanding as measured immediately following the consummation of the Acquisition), with the new option grant provided in this Section 3 having a per share exercise price equal to the closing sales price of the Company’s common stock on the Closing Date and providing that the new option shall vest with respect to 25% of the total option shares on the first anniversary of the Closing Date, and 1/48 th of the total option shares shall vest each month thereafter so that all of the shares subject to the new option are vested and exercisable on the fourth anniversary of the Closing Date. The Company shall file a registration statement on Form S-8 on or prior to the first anniversary of the Closing Date, registering the offer of the shares of the Company’s common stock subject to the foregoing stock option. For purposes of calculating the number of options required to give you options to purchase an aggregate of two percent (2%) of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock (as described above), the option grant described in this Section 3 shall be combined with the options to purchase Company common stock which you will receive pursuant to the rollover of your stock options in Target pursuant to the Acquisition agreement (the “Rollover Options”). For good and valuable consideration, you agree that any acceleration of the Rollover Options (either alone or in combination with another event) which may have occurred in connection with the Acquisition and the other transactions contemplated by the Acquisition agreement is hereby waived, it being further agreed that any such acceleration shall apply in the event of a change in control transaction involving the Company following the consummation of the Acquisition.

 

4. Confidentiality and Proprietary Information Obligations.

 

  (a) Company Policies and Proprietary Information Agreement. You will be required to sign the Employee Proprietary Information and Inventions Assignment Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Proprietary Information Agreement”).

 

  (b)

Adverse or Outside Business Activities. Throughout your employment with the Company, you may engage in civic, academic teaching and lectures, and not-for-profit activities and up to two for-profit boards so long as such activities do not interfere with the performance of your duties hereunder or present a conflict of interest with the Company. You may not engage in other employment or undertake any other commercial business activities unless you obtain the prior written consent of the Board. The Company may rescind its consent to your


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  service as a director of all other corporations or participation in other business or public activities, if the Company, in its sole discretion, determines that such activities compromise or threaten to compromise the Company’s reputational or business interests or conflict with your duties to the Company. In addition, throughout the term of your employment with the Company, you agree not to, directly or indirectly, without the prior written consent of the Company, own, manage, operate, join, control, finance or participate in the ownership, management, operation, control or financing of, or be connected as an officer, director, executive, partner, employee, principal, agent, representative, consultant, licensor, licensee or otherwise with, any business or enterprise engaged in any business which is competitive with or which is reasonably anticipated to be competitive with the Company’s business; provided, however, that you may purchase or otherwise acquire up to (but not more than) one percent (1%) of any class of securities of any enterprise (but without participating in the activities of such enterprise) if such securities are listed on any national or regional securities exchange. You hereby represent and warrant that you have disclosed previously to the Board all other employment or other commercial business activities that you already undertake, or intend to undertake (to the extent currently known by you), during your period of employment with the Company.

 

5. Change in Control and Severance Agreement.

Concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, you and the Company shall enter into the Change in Control and Severance Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Severance Agreement”).

 

6. No Conflicts.

By signing this Agreement you hereby represent to the Company that, except as previously disclosed to the Company: (a) your employment with the Company is not prohibited under any employment agreement or other contractual arrangement; and (b) you do not know of any conflicts which would restrict your employment with the Company. You hereby represent that you have disclosed to the Company any contract you have signed that may restrict your activities on behalf of the Company, and that you are presently in compliance with such contracts, if any.

 

7. At Will Employment.

Your employment relationship with the Company will be an “at-will” arrangement. This means that either you or the Company may terminate your employment at any time, with or without cause, and with or without advance notice. This “at-will” employment relationship cannot be changed except in a written agreement approved by the Company and signed by you and by a duly authorized officer of the Company.


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8. Miscellaneous.

As required by law, your employment is contingent upon satisfactory proof of your identity and legal authorization to work in the United States. Additionally, this offer is contingent upon your completion of the employment application, verification of your references, satisfactory completion of a pre-employment background check (all of which will be completed by the Company prior to the Closing Date) and execution of the Employee Confidentiality and Invention Assignment Agreement and the Acknowledgment of Business Ethics and Conduct Guide and Company Policies.

Except as specifically set forth in the subsequent paragraph, this Agreement, together with your Proprietary Information Agreement, forms the complete and exclusive statement of your employment agreement with the Company. The employment terms in this Agreement supersede any other agreements or promises made to you by anyone, whether oral or written, concerning your employment terms. Without limitation of your rights under the Severance Agreement, the Company will have the right to reassign you, to change your compensation, or to terminate your employment at any time, with or without cause or advance notice. This Agreement will bind the heirs, personal representatives, successors and assigns of both you and the Company, and inure to the benefit of both you and the Company, their heirs, successors and assigns. If any provision of this Agreement is determined to be invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, this determination shall not affect any other provision of this Agreement and the provision in question shall be modified so as to be rendered enforceable in a manner consistent with the intent of the parties insofar as possible under applicable law. This Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of California without regard to conflicts of law principles. Any ambiguity in this Agreement shall not be construed against either party as the drafter. Any waiver of a breach of this Agreement, or rights hereunder, shall be in writing and shall not be deemed to be a waiver of any successive breach or rights hereunder. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, which shall be deemed to be part of one original, and facsimile signatures shall be equivalent to original signatures.

Notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, following the Closing Date you shall remain entitled to the transaction bonus of One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000) awarded to you by the board of directors of Target (which, to the extent unpaid at the Closing Date, the Company will cause to be paid within five (5) business days of the Closing Date).

[Signature page immediately follows]


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Please sign and date this letter and return it to me by the close of business on Friday, January 29, 2016, in order to confirm your employment terms as set forth above.

We look forward to a productive and enjoyable work relationship with you.

 

Sincerely,
Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc.:

/s/ Paul B. Cleveland

Name: Paul B. Cleveland
Title: President & Chief Executive Officer
Understood and Accepted:

/s/ Carlo Russo

Carlo Russo, M.D.

Date: January 29, 2016


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EXHIBIT A

EMPLOYEE CONFIDENTIALITY AND INVENTION ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT


Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc.

EMPLOYEE CONFIDENTIALITY AND INVENTION ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT

In partial consideration and as a condition of my employment by AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, (the “ Company ”), and effective as of the date that my employment by the Company first commenced as set forth below, I, the undersigned, agree as follows:

1. NONDISCLOSURE OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.

1.1. Confidential Information . During the term of my employment, I may receive and otherwise be exposed to confidential and proprietary information relating to the Company’s business, strategies, designs and technologies, or to proprietary or confidential information relating to the Company’s suppliers, customers or business partners. Such confidential and proprietary information may include but not be limited to confidential or proprietary information supplied to me with the legend “Confidential” or “Proprietary,” or equivalent, and any of the following types of information, whether or not marked as confidential or proprietary: (i) information regarding physical or chemical or biological materials (such as, but not limited to, reagents, gene sequences, nucleic acids, cell lines, media, antibodies, compounds, c-DNAs, antisense nucleotides, proteins and vectors) and techniques for their handling and use; (ii) information regarding ideas, technology and processes (such as, but not limited to, assays, techniques, sketches, schematics, drawings, works of authorship, models, designs, inventions, know-how, technical documentation, equipment, algorithms, software programs, software source documents, formulae); (iii) information concerning or resulting from research and development projects and other projects (such as, but not limited to, preclinical and clinical data, design details and specifications, engineering information, and works in process); (iv) business and financial information (such as, but not limited to, current, future, and proposed products and services, financial information and models, information relating to procurement requirements, purchasing, manufacturing, customer lists, product plans, product ideas, business strategies, marketing or business plans, financial or personnel matters, investors, employees, business and contractual relationships, business forecasts, sales and merchandising, and information regarding third parties, suppliers, customers, employees, investors or facilities); (v) Inventions (as defined below), and (iv) information, derivatives, improvements or enhancements created using the foregoing information. (all of the above collectively referred to as “ Confidential Information ”). I understand that Confidential Information shall not include information that (a) is in the public domain at the time of disclosure or enters the public domain following disclosure through no fault of mine, (b) is already in my possession prior to disclosure hereunder (as reflected by my written records), or (c) is required to be disclosed pursuant to an order of any competent court or government agency or rules of a securities exchange.

1.2. Duties . I acknowledge the confidential and secret character of the Confidential Information, and agree that the Confidential Information is the sole, exclusive and extremely valuable property of Company. Accordingly, I agree not to use the Confidential Information except in the performance of my authorized duties as an employee of Company, and not to disclose all or any part of the Confidential Information in any form to any third party, either during or after the term of my employment, without the prior written consent of the Company on a case-by-case basis. Appropriate prior written consent will be determined as follows: (i) if I am

 

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not an executive officer of the Company, then consent may be obtained from an executive officer of the Company, or (ii) if I am an executive officer of the Company, then from the Board of Directors of the Company. Upon termination of my employment, I agree to cease using and to return to Company all whole and partial copies and derivatives of the Confidential Information, whether in my possession or under my direct or indirect control, provided that I am entitled to retain my personal copies of (i) my compensation records, (ii) materials distributed to shareholders generally and (iii) this Agreement.

2. PROPERTY OF THE COMPANY . All notes, memoranda, reports, drawings, blueprints, manuals, materials, data, emails and other papers and records of every kind which shall come into my possession at any time after the commencement of my employment with the Company, relating to any Inventions (as defined below) or Confidential Information, shall be the sole and exclusive property of the Company. This property shall be surrendered to the Company upon termination of my employment with the Company, or upon request by the Company, at any other time either during or after the termination of such employment. I further agree that in the event of termination of my employment with the Company I will execute a Termination Certificate substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A.

3. INVENTIONS .

3.1. Disclosure . I shall disclose promptly in writing to an officer or to attorneys of the Company in accordance with the Company’s policies and procedures any idea, invention, work of authorship, whether patentable or unpatentable, copyrightable or uncopyrightable, including, but not limited to, any documentation, formula, design, device, code, improvement, method, process, discovery, concept, development, machine or contribution, techniques, formulas, formulations, data, programs, organisms, plasmids, cosmids, bacteriophages, expression vectors, cells, cell lines, tissues, materials, substrates, media, delivery methods or transfection methods, assays, compounds, peptides, proteins, DNA, RNA, and their constructs, and sequence, genomic, and structural information relating thereto, crystals, optically active materials, ceramics, metals, metal oxides, and organic and inorganic chemical, biological and other material and their progeny, clones and derivatives and salt forms (any of the foregoing items hereinafter referred to as an “ Invention ”) I may conceive, make, develop or work on, in whole or in part, solely or jointly with others, during the term of my employment with the Company. The disclosure required by this Section applies (a) during the period of my employment with the Company and for one year thereafter; (b) with respect to all Inventions whether or not they are conceived, made, developed or worked on by me during my regular hours of employment with the Company; (c) whether or not the Invention was made at the suggestion of the Company; (d) whether or not the Invention was reduced to drawings, written description, documentation, models or other tangible form; and (e) whether or not the Invention is related to the general line of business engaged in by the Company. The Company agrees that it will take reasonable precautions to keep Inventions disclosed to it pursuant to this Section 3.1 in confidence and shall not use any Inventions for its own advantage unless those Inventions are assigned or assignable to the Company pursuant to Section 3.2 or otherwise.

 

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3.2. Assignment of Inventions to Company; Exemption of Certain Inventions . I hereby assign to the Company, and agree to assign automatically without requirement of further writing when first reduced to practice or recorded in a tangible medium, without royalty or any other further consideration, my entire right, title and interest in and to all Inventions and all intellectual property rights therein that (i) relate to the subject matters related to my employment and exist as of the date of this Agreement, for which I do not have an obligation to assign to any third party or (ii) I conceive, make, develop or work on during the period of my employment with the Company and for one year thereafter, except those Inventions that I develop entirely on my own time after the date of this Agreement without using the Company’s equipment, supplies, facilities or Confidential Information, unless those Inventions either (a) relate at the time of conception or reduction to practice of the Invention to the Company’s business, or actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development of the Company; or (b) result from or are related to any work performed by me for the Company, in which case I agree that any such Inventions shall also be automatically assigned to the Company. I acknowledge and agree that the Company has hereby notified me that the assignment provided for in Section 3.2(ii) does not apply to any Invention which qualifies fully for exemption from assignment under the provisions of Section 2870 of the California Labor Code, a copy of which is attached as Exhibit B. I also acknowledge and agree that nothing in this Section 3.2 above limits the assignment of any other rights in or to Confidential Information or other technology or intellectual property of the Company other than Inventions.

3.3. Records . I will make and maintain adequate and current written records of all Inventions covered by Section 3.1. These records shall be and remain the property of the Company.

3.4. Patents and Other Rights . Subject to Section 3.2, I will assist the Company in obtaining, maintaining and enforcing patents, invention assignments and copyright assignments, and other proprietary rights in connection with any Invention covered by Section 3.1, and otherwise will assist the Company as reasonably required by the Company to perfect in the Company the rights, title and other interests in my work product granted to the Company under this Agreement. Reasonable costs related to such assistance, if required, will be paid by the Company. I further agree that my obligations under this Section 3.4 shall continue beyond the termination of my employment with the Company, but if I am called upon to render such assistance after the termination of such employment, I shall be entitled to a fair and reasonable rate of compensation for such assistance. I shall, in addition, be entitled to reimbursement of any expenses incurred at the request of the Company relating to such assistance after the term of my employment. I hereby agree to waive any moral rights I may have in any copyrightable work I create on behalf of the Company. If the Company is unable for any reason, after reasonable effort, to secure my signature on any document needed in connection with the actions specified above, I hereby irrevocably designate and appoint the Company and its duly authorized officers and agents as my agent and attorney in fact, which appointment is coupled with an interest, to act for and in my behalf to execute, verify and file any such documents and to do all other lawfully permitted acts to further the purposes of this Section 3.4 with the same legal force and effect as if executed by me.

3.5. Prior Contracts and Inventions; Information Belonging to Third Parties . I represent and warrant that, except as set forth on Exhibit C hereto, there are no other contracts to assign Inventions that are now in existence between any other person or entity and me. I further represent that (a) I am not obligated under any consulting, employment or other agreement which would affect the Company’s rights or my duties under this Agreement, (b) there is no action,

 

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investigation, or proceeding pending or threatened, or any basis therefor known to me involving my prior employment or any consultancy or the use of any information or techniques alleged to be proprietary to any former employer, and (c) the performance of my duties as an employee of the Company will not breach, or constitute a default under any agreement to which I am bound, including, without limitation, any agreement limiting the use or disclosure of proprietary information acquired in confidence prior to engagement by the Company. I will not, in connection with my employment by the Company, use or disclose to the Company any confidential, trade secret or other proprietary information of any previous employer or other person to which I am not lawfully entitled. As a matter of record, I attach as Exhibit C of this Agreement a brief description of all Inventions made or conceived by me prior to my employment with the Company which I desire to be excluded from this Agreement (“ Background Technology ”). I hereby grant Company a non-exclusive, royalty-free, perpetual and irrevocable, worldwide right to use and sublicense the use of Background Technology for the purpose of developing, marketing, selling and supporting Company technology, products and services, either directly or through multiple tiers of distribution, but not for the purpose of marketing Background Technology separately from Company products or services.

4. NON-COMPETITION . During the term of my employment by the Company, I will not without the prior written approval of (i) an executive officer of the Company, in the event that I am not an executive officer of the Company, and (ii) the Board of Directors of the Company, in the event that I am an executive officer of the Company, (a) engage in any other professional employment or consulting, or (b) directly or indirectly participate in or assist any business which is a current or potential supplier, customer or competitor of the Company.

5. NON-SOLICITATION . During the term of my employment with the Company and for a period of one (1) year thereafter, I will not solicit or encourage, or cause others to solicit or encourage, any employees of the Company to terminate their employment with the Company. During the term of my employment with the Company, I will not solicit the business of any customer or client of the Company on my own behalf or on behalf of any person or entity other than the Company.

6. MISCELLANEOUS . The parties’ rights and obligations under this Agreement will bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors, heirs, executors, and administrators and permitted assigns. I will not assign this Agreement or its obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Company and any such purported assignment without consent shall be null and void from the beginning. This Agreement constitutes the parties’ final, exclusive and complete understanding and agreement with respect to the subject matter hereof, and supersede all prior and contemporaneous understandings and agreements relating to its subject matter. This Agreement may not be waived, modified or amended unless mutually agreed upon in writing by both parties. In the event any provision of this Agreement is found to be legally unenforceable, such unenforceability shall not prevent enforcement of any other provision of the Agreement. I acknowledge that the Company will suffer substantial damages not readily ascertainable or compensable in terms of money in the event of the breach of any of my obligations under this Agreement. I therefore agree that the Company shall be entitled (without limitation of any other rights or remedies otherwise available to the Company) to obtain an injunction from any court of competent jurisdiction prohibiting the continuance or recurrence of any breach of this Agreement. The rights and obligations of the parties under this Agreement shall be governed in

 

4


all respects by the laws of the State of California exclusively, without regard to conflict of law provisions. I agree that upon Company’s request, all disputes arising hereunder shall be adjudicated in the state and federal courts having jurisdiction over disputes arising in San Francisco, California, and I hereby agree to consent to the personal jurisdiction of such courts. Any notices required or permitted hereunder shall be given to the appropriate party at the address specified above or at such other address as the party shall specify in writing. Such notice shall be deemed given upon personal delivery, or sent by certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, three (3) days after the date of mailing. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original and all of which together shall be deemed to be one and the same instrument. This Agreement supersedes and replaces the Confidential Information and Invention Assignment Agreement previously entered into between you and Annapurna Therapeutics SAS.

 

5


I HAVE READ THIS AGREEMENT CAREFULLY AND I UNDERSTAND AND ACCEPT THE OBLIGATIONS WHICH IT IMPOSES UPON ME WITHOUT RESERVATION. NO PROMISES OR REPRESENTATIONS HAVE BEEN MADE TO ME TO INDUCE ME TO SIGN THIS AGREEMENT. I SIGN THIS AGREEMENT VOLUNTARILY AND FREELY, IN DUPLICATE, WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT THE COMPANY WILL RETAIN ONE COUNTERPART AND THE OTHER COUNTERPART WILL BE RETAINED BY ME.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have executed this document as of the 29th day of January, 2016.

 

/s/ Carlo Russo

Employee

AGREED AND ACKNOWLEDGED:

 

Avalanche Biotechnologies
By: /s/ Paul B. Cleveland                                    
Name: Paul B. Cleveland
Title: President & Chief Executive Officer

 

6


EXHIBIT A

TO

EMPLOYEE CONFIDENTIALITY AND INVENTION ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT

Termination Certificate

I, the undersigned, hereby certify that I do not have in my possession, nor have I failed to return, any documents or materials relating to the business of Company or its affiliates (the “Company”), or copies thereof, including, without limitation, any item of Confidential Information listed in Section 3 of the Company’s Employee Confidentiality And Inventions Assignment Agreement (the “Agreement”) to which I am a party.

I further certify that I have complied with all of the terms of the Agreement signed by me, including the reporting of any Inventions (as defined in the Agreement) covered by the Agreement.

I further agree that in compliance with the Agreement, I will preserve as confidential any information relating to the Company or any of it business partners, clients, consultants or licensees which has been disclosed to me in confidence during the course of my employment by the Company unless authorized in writing to do so (i) by an executive officer of the Company, in the event that I am not an executive officer of the Company, or (ii) by the Board of Directors of the Company, in the event that I am an executive officer of the Company.

 

Date:                                       

 

  (Employee’s Signature)
 

 

  (Printed or Typed Name of Employee)


EXHIBIT B

TO

EMPLOYEE CONFIDENTIALITY AND INVENTION ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT

California Labor Code

California Labor Code § 2870 . Application of provision providing that employee shall assign or offer to assign rights in invention to employer .

 

  (a) Any provision in an employment agreement which provides that an employee shall assign, or offer to assign, any of his or her rights in an invention to his or her employer shall not apply to an invention that the employee developed entirely on his or her own time without using the employer’s equipment, supplies, facilities, or trade secret information except for those inventions that either:

 

  (1) Relate at the time of conception or reduction to practice of the invention to the employer’s business, or actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development of the employer; or

 

  (2) Result from any work performed by the employee for the employer.

 

  (b) To the extent a provision in an employment agreement purports to require an employee to assign an invention otherwise excluded from being required to be assigned under subdivision (a), the provision is against the public policy of this state and is unenforceable.


EXHIBIT C

TO

EMPLOYEE CONFIDENTIALITY AND INVENTION ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT

(List here prior contracts to assign Inventions that are now in existence between any other person or entity and you.)

(List here previous Inventions which you desire to have specifically excluded from the operation of this Agreement. Continue on reverse side if necessary.


EXHIBIT B

CHANGE IN CONTROL AND SEVERANCE AGREEMENT

Exhibit 10.2

AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CHANGE IN CONTROL AND SEVERANCE AGREEMENT

This Change in Control and Severance Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made and entered into by and between Carlo Russo (“Executive”) and Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc. (the “Company”), effective as of the latest date set forth by the signatures of the parties hereto below (the “Effective Date”).

R E C I T A L S

A. Executive and the Company are entering into the Offer Letter, dated as of the Effective Date (the “Offer Letter”), concurrently with the execution of this Agreement.

B. It is expected that the Company from time to time will consider the possibility of an acquisition by another company or other change in control. The Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) recognizes that such consideration as well as the possibility of an involuntary termination or reduction in responsibility can be a distraction to Executive and can cause Executive to consider alternative employment opportunities. The Board has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders to assure that the Company will have the continued dedication and objectivity of Executive, notwithstanding the possibility, threat or occurrence of such an event.

C. The Board believes that it is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders to provide Executive with an incentive to continue Executive’s employment and to motivate Executive to maximize the value of the Company upon a Change in Control (as defined below) for the benefit of its stockholders.

D. The Board believes that it is imperative to provide Executive with severance benefits upon certain terminations of Executive’s service to the Company that enhance Executive’s financial security and provide incentive and encouragement to Executive to remain with the Company notwithstanding the possibility of such an event.

D. Certain capitalized terms used in this Agreement are defined in Section 7 below.

The parties hereto agree as follows:

1. Term of Agreement . This Agreement shall become effective as of the Closing Date (as defined in the Offer Letter) and terminate upon the date that all obligations of the parties hereto with respect to this Agreement have been satisfied.

2. At-Will Employment . The Company and Executive acknowledge that Executive’s employment is and shall continue to be “at-will,” as defined under applicable law. If Executive’s employment terminates for any reason, Executive shall not be entitled to any payments, benefits, damages, awards or compensation other than as provided by this Agreement.


3. Covered Termination Other Than During a Change in Control Period . If Executive experiences a Covered Termination other than during a Change in Control Period, and if Executive delivers to the Company a general release of all claims against the Company and its affiliates that becomes effective and irrevocable within sixty (60) days, or such shorter period of time specified by the Company, following such Covered Termination (a “Release of Claims”), then in addition to any accrued but unpaid salary, bonus, vacation and expense reimbursement payable in accordance with applicable law, the Company shall provide Executive with the following:

(a) Severance . Executive shall be entitled to receive an amount equal to nine (9) months of Executive’s Base Salary, payable in substantially equal installments in accordance with the Company’s normal payroll policies, less applicable withholdings; provided, however , that no payments under this Section 3(a) shall be made prior to the first payroll date occurring on or after the sixtieth (60th) day following the date of the Covered Termination (such payroll date, the “ First Payroll Date ”), and any amounts otherwise payable prior to the First Payroll Date shall be paid on the First Payroll Date without interest thereon.

(b) Continued Healthcare . If Executive elects to receive continued healthcare coverage pursuant to the provisions of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985, as amended (“COBRA”), the Company shall directly pay, or reimburse Executive for, the premium for Executive and Executive’s covered dependents through the earlier of (i) the nine (9)-month anniversary of the date of Executive’s termination of employment and (ii) the date Executive and Executive’s covered dependents, if any, become eligible for healthcare coverage under another employer’s plan(s). Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) if any plan pursuant to which such benefits are provided is not, or ceases prior to the expiration of the period of continuation coverage to be, exempt from the application of Section 409A of the Code under Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(a)(5), or (ii) the Company is otherwise unable to continue to cover Executive under its group health plans without penalty under applicable law (including without limitation, Section 2716 of the Public Health Service Act), then, in either case, an amount equal to each remaining Company subsidy shall thereafter be paid to Executive in substantially equal monthly installments. After the Company ceases to pay premiums pursuant to this Section 3(b), Executive may, if eligible, elect to continue healthcare coverage at Executive’s expense in accordance the provisions of COBRA.

4. Covered Termination During a Change in Control Period . If Executive experiences a Covered Termination during a Change in Control Period, and if Executive delivers to the Company a Release of Claims that becomes effective and irrevocable within sixty (60) days, or such shorter period of time specified by the Company, following such Covered Termination, then in addition to any accrued but unpaid salary, bonus, vacation and expense reimbursement payable in accordance with applicable law, the Company shall provide Executive with the following:

(a) Severance . Executive shall be entitled to receive an amount equal to the sum of: (i) Executive’s Base Salary and (ii) target annual bonus for the year in which Executive’s termination occurs. Such amount shall be payable in a cash lump sum, less applicable withholdings, on the sixtieth (60th) day after the date of the Covered Termination.

 

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(b) Equity Awards . Each outstanding equity award, including, without limitation, each stock option and restricted stock award, held by Executive shall automatically become vested and, if applicable, exercisable and any forfeiture restrictions or rights of repurchase thereon shall immediately lapse, in each case, with respect to one-hundred percent (100%) of the unvested shares of Company common stock subject to such equity award.

(c) Continued Healthcare . If Executive elects to receive continued healthcare coverage pursuant to the provisions of COBRA, the Company shall directly pay, or reimburse Executive for, the premium for Executive and Executive’s covered dependents through the earlier of (i) the first anniversary of the date of Executive’s termination of employment and (ii) the date Executive and Executive’s covered dependents, if any, become eligible for healthcare coverage under another employer’s plan(s). Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) if any plan pursuant to which such benefits are provided is not, or ceases prior to the expiration of the period of continuation coverage to be, exempt from the application of Section 409A of the Code under Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(a)(5), or (ii) the Company is otherwise unable to continue to cover Executive under its group health plans without penalty under applicable law (including without limitation, Section 2716 of the Public Health Service Act), then, in either case, an amount equal to each remaining Company subsidy shall thereafter be paid to Executive in substantially equal monthly installments. After the Company ceases to pay premiums pursuant to this Section 4(c), Executive may, if eligible, elect to continue healthcare coverage at Executive’s expense in accordance the provisions of COBRA.

5. Other Terminations . If Executive’s service with the Company is terminated by the Company or by Executive for any or no reason other than as a Covered Termination, then Executive shall not be entitled to any benefits hereunder other than accrued but unpaid salary, bonus, vacation and expense reimbursement in accordance with applicable law and to elect any continued healthcare coverage as may be required under COBRA or similar state law.

6. Limitation on Payments . Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if any payment or distribution Executive would receive pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise (“Payment”) would (a) constitute a “parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and (b) but for this sentence, be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code (the “Excise Tax”), then such Payment shall either be (i) delivered in full, or (ii) delivered as to such lesser extent which would result in no portion of such Payment being subject to the Excise Tax, whichever of the foregoing amounts, taking into account the applicable federal, state and local income taxes and the Excise Tax, results in the receipt by Executive on an after-tax basis, of the largest payment, notwithstanding that all or some portion the Payment may be taxable under Section 4999 of the Code. The accounting firm engaged by the Company for general audit purposes as of the day prior to the effective date of the Change in Control shall perform the foregoing calculations. The Company shall bear all expenses with respect to the determinations by such accounting firm required to be made hereunder. The accounting firm shall provide its calculations to the Company and Executive within fifteen (15) calendar days after the date on which Executive’s right to a Payment is triggered (if requested at that time by the Company or Executive) or such other time as requested by the Company or Executive. Any good faith determinations of the accounting firm made hereunder shall be final, binding and conclusive upon the Company and Executive. Any reduction in payments and/or benefits pursuant to this Section 6 will occur in the following order: (1) reduction of cash payments; (2) cancellation of accelerated vesting of equity awards other than stock options; (3) cancellation of accelerated vesting of stock options; and (4) reduction of other benefits payable to Executive.

 

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7. Definition of Terms . The following terms referred to in this Agreement shall have the following meanings:

(a) Base Salary . “Base Salary” means Executive’s annual base salary in effect immediately prior to Executive’s termination (disregarding any reduction in base salary that would give rise to Executive’s right to a Constructive Termination).

(b) Cause . “Cause” will be determined in the sole discretion of the Board and will mean misconduct, including: (i) conviction of any felony or any crime involving moral turpitude or dishonesty; (ii) willful and material breach of Executive’s duties that has not been cured within 30 days after written notice from the Board; (iii) intentional and material damage to the Company’s property; or (iv) material breach of the Confidential Information Agreement (as defined below).

(c) Change in Control . “Change in Control” shall mean the occurrence, in a single transaction or in a series of related transactions, of any one or more of the following events:

(i) A transaction or series of transactions (other than an offering of Common Stock to the general public through a registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission) whereby any “person” or related “group” of “persons” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) (other than the Company, any of its subsidiaries, an employee benefit plan maintained by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or a “person” that, prior to such transaction, directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Company) directly or indirectly acquires beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of securities of the Company possessing more than 50% of the total combined voting power of the Company’s securities outstanding immediately after such acquisition; or

(ii) During any period of two consecutive years, individuals who, at the beginning of such period, constitute the Board together with any new director(s) (other than a director designated by a person who shall have entered into an agreement with the Company to effect a transaction described in Section 7(c)(i) or 7(c)(iii)) whose election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the two-year period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute a majority thereof; or

(iii) The consummation by the Company (whether directly involving the Company or indirectly involving the Company through one or more intermediaries) of (x) a merger, consolidation, reorganization, or business combination or (y) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets in any single transaction or series of related transactions or (z) the acquisition of assets or stock of another entity, in each case other than a transaction: (A) which results in the Company’s voting securities outstanding immediately before the transaction continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities

 

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of the Company or the person that, as a result of the transaction, controls, directly or indirectly, the Company or owns, directly or indirectly, all or substantially all of the Company’s assets or otherwise succeeds to the business of the Company (the Company or such person, the “Successor Entity”)) directly or indirectly, at least a majority of the combined voting power of the Successor Entity’s outstanding voting securities immediately after the transaction, and (B) after which no person or group beneficially owns voting securities representing 50% or more of the combined voting power of the Successor Entity; provided, however, that no person or group shall be treated for purposes of this clause (B) as beneficially owning 50% or more of the combined voting power of the Successor Entity solely as a result of the voting power held in the Company prior to the consummation of the transaction; or

(iv) The Company’s stockholders approve a liquidation or dissolution of the Company.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall a transaction constitute a Change in Control unless such transaction also constitutes a “change in control event” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code and the Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder.

(d) Change in Control Period . “Change in Control Period” means the period of time beginning three (3) months prior to and ending twelve (12) months following a Change in Control.

(e) Constructive Termination . “Constructive Termination” means any of the following actions taken without Cause by the Company or a successor corporation or entity without Executive’s consent: (i) substantial reduction of Executive’s rate of compensation; (ii) material reduction in Executive’s duties, provided, however, that a change in job position (including a change in title) shall not be deemed a “material reduction” unless Executive’s new duties are substantially reduced from the prior duties; (iii) failure or refusal of a successor to the Company to assume the Company’s obligations under this Agreement in the event of a Change in Control; (iv) relocation of Executive’s principal place of employment or service to a place greater than 50 miles from the Executive’s then current principal place of employment or service; (v) the requirement to increase the amount of time per week that Executive provides services to the Company or (vi) the requirement that the Executive cease other employment or consulting engagements, unless such employment and/or consulting engagement results in a direct conflict with the Company’s business. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a resignation shall not constitute a “Constructive Termination” unless the event or condition giving rise to such resignation continues more than thirty (30) days following Executive’s written notice of such condition provided to the Company within ninety (90) days of the first occurrence of such event or condition and such resignation is effective within thirty (30) days following the end of such notice period.

(f) Covered Termination . “Covered Termination” shall mean Executive’s Constructive Termination or the termination of Executive’s employment by the Company other than for Cause.

 

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8. Successors .

(a) Company’s Successors . Any successor to the Company (whether direct or indirect and whether by purchase, merger, consolidation, liquidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the Company’s business and/or assets shall assume the obligations under this Agreement and agree expressly to perform the obligations under this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent as the Company would be required to perform such obligations in the absence of a succession. For all purposes under this Agreement, the term “Company” shall include any successor to the Company’s business and/or assets which executes and delivers the assumption agreement described in this Section 8(a) or which becomes bound by the terms of this Agreement by operation of law.

(b) Executive’s Successors . The terms of this Agreement and all rights of Executive hereunder shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, Executive’s personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributees, devisees and legatees.

9. Notices . Notices and all other communications contemplated by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when personally delivered or one day following mailing via Federal Express or similar overnight courier service. In the case of Executive, mailed notices shall be addressed to Executive at Executive’s home address that the Company has on file for Executive. In the case of the Company, mailed notices shall be addressed to its corporate headquarters, and all notices shall be directed to the attention of its Senior Vice President, Legal and Corporate Development.

10. Confidentiality; Non-Solicitation .

(a) Confidentiality . While Executive is employed by the Company, and thereafter, Executive shall not directly or indirectly disclose or make available to any person, firm, corporation, association or other entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, any Confidential Information (as defined below). Upon termination of Executive’s employment with the Company, all Confidential Information in Executive’s possession that is in written or other tangible form (together with all copies or duplicates thereof, including computer files) shall be returned to the Company and shall not be retained by Executive or furnished to any third party, in any form except as provided herein; provided, however, that Executive shall not be obligated to treat as confidential, or return to the Company copies of any Confidential Information that (i) was publicly known at the time of disclosure to Executive, (ii) becomes publicly known or available thereafter other than by any means in violation of this Agreement or any other duty owed to the Company by any person or entity, or (iii) is lawfully disclosed to Executive by a third party. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Confidential Information” shall mean information disclosed to Executive or known by Executive as a consequence of or through his or her relationship with the Company, about the customers, employees, business methods, public relations methods, organization, procedures or finances, including, without limitation, information of or relating to customer lists, of the Company and its affiliates. In addition, Executive shall continue to be subject to the Employee Proprietary Information and Inventions Assignment Agreement entered into between Executive and the Company (the “Confidential Information Agreement”).

 

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(b) Non-Solicitation . In addition to each Executive’s obligations under the Confidential Information Agreement, Executive shall not for a period of two (2) years following Executive’s termination of employment for any reason, either on Executive’s own account or jointly with or as a manager, agent, officer, employee, consultant, partner, joint venturer, owner or stockholder or otherwise on behalf of any other person, firm or corporation, directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit away from the Company any of its officers or employees or offer employment to any person who is an officer or employee of the Company; provided, however, that a general advertisement to which an employee of the Company responds shall in no event be deemed to result in a breach of this Section 10(b). Executive also agrees not to harass or disparage the Company or its employees, clients, directors or agents or divert or attempt to divert any actual or potential business of the Company.

(c) Survival of Provisions . The provisions of this Section 10 shall survive the termination or expiration of the applicable Executive’s employment with the Company and shall be fully enforceable thereafter. If it is determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in any state that any restriction in this Section 10 is excessive in duration or scope or is unreasonable or unenforceable under the laws of that state, it is the intention of the parties that such restriction may be modified or amended by the court to render it enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by the law of that state.

11. Dispute Resolution . To ensure the timely and economical resolution of disputes that arise in connection with this Agreement, Executive and the Company agree that any and all disputes, claims, or causes of action arising from or relating to the enforcement, breach, performance or interpretation of this Agreement, Executive’s employment, or the termination of Executive’s employment, shall be resolved to the fullest extent permitted by law by final, binding and confidential arbitration, by a single arbitrator, in San Mateo County, California, conducted by Judicial Arbitration and Mediation Services, Inc. (“JAMS”) under the applicable JAMS employment rules. By agreeing to this arbitration procedure, both Executive and the Company waive the right to resolve any such dispute through a trial by jury or judge or administrative proceeding . The arbitrator shall: (i) have the authority to compel adequate discovery for the resolution of the dispute and to award such relief as would otherwise be permitted by law; and (ii) issue a written arbitration decision, to include the arbitrator’s essential findings and conclusions and a statement of the award. The arbitrator shall be authorized to award any or all remedies that Executive or the Company would be entitled to seek in a court of law. The Company shall pay all JAMS’ arbitration fees in excess of the amount of court fees that would be required if the dispute were decided in a court of law. Nothing in this Agreement is intended to prevent either Executive or the Company from obtaining injunctive relief in court to prevent irreparable harm pending the conclusion of any such arbitration. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Executive and the Company each have the right to resolve any issue or dispute over intellectual property rights by Court action instead of arbitration.

 

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12. Miscellaneous Provisions .

(a) Section 409A .

(i) Separation from Service . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in this Agreement, no amount deemed deferred compensation subject to Section 409A of the Code shall be payable pursuant to Sections 3 or 4 unless Executive’s termination of employment constitutes a “separation from service” with the Company within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code and the Department of Treasury regulations and other guidance promulgated thereunder (“Separation from Service”) and, except as provided under Section 12(a)(ii) of this Agreement, any such amount shall not be paid, or in the case of installments, commence payment, until the sixtieth (60 th ) day following Executive’s Separation from Service. Any installment payments that would have been made to Executive during the sixty (60) day period immediately following Executive’s Separation from Service but for the preceding sentence shall be paid to Executive on the sixtieth (60 th ) day following Executive’s Separation from Service and the remaining payments shall be made as provided in this Agreement.

(ii) Specified Employee . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in this Agreement, if Executive is deemed at the time of his or her separation from service to be a “specified employee” for purposes of Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Code, to the extent delayed commencement of any portion of the benefits to which Executive is entitled under this Agreement is required in order to avoid a prohibited distribution under Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Code, such portion of Executive’s benefits shall not be provided to Executive prior to the earlier of (a) the expiration of the six (6)-month period measured from the date of the Executive’s Separation from Service or (b) the date of Executive’s death. Upon the first business day following the expiration of the applicable Code Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) period, all payments deferred pursuant to this Section 12(a)(ii) shall be paid in a lump sum to Executive, and any remaining payments due under this Agreement shall be paid as otherwise provided herein.

(iii) Expense Reimbursements . To the extent that any reimbursements payable pursuant to this Agreement are subject to the provisions of Section 409A of the Code, any such reimbursements payable to Executive pursuant to this Agreement shall be paid to Executive no later than December 31 of the year following the year in which the expense was incurred, the amount of expenses reimbursed in one year shall not affect the amount eligible for reimbursement in any subsequent year, and Executive’s right to reimbursement under this Agreement will not be subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit.

(b) Waiver . No provision of this Agreement shall be modified, waived or discharged unless the modification, waiver or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by Executive and by an authorized officer of the Company (other than Executive). No waiver by either party of any breach of, or of compliance with, any condition or provision of this Agreement by the other party shall be considered a waiver of any other condition or provision or of the same condition or provision at another time.

(c) Whole Agreement . This Agreement, the Offer Letter and the Confidential Information Agreement represent the entire understanding of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior arrangements and understandings regarding same, including, without limitation, any accelerated vesting provisions of any stock option agreement between the Company and Executive.

(d) Choice of Law . The validity, interpretation, construction and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of California.

 

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(e) Severability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision hereof, which shall remain in full force and effect.

(f) Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument.

( Signature page follows )

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties has executed this Agreement, in the case of the Company by its duly authorized officer, as of the day and year set forth below.

 

AVALANCHE

BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.

By:  

/s/ Paul B. Cleveland

Name:   Paul B. Cleveland
Title:   President & Chief Executive Officer
Date: January 29, 2016
EXECUTIVE

/s/ Carlo Russo

Date: January 29, 2016

 

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Exhibit 10.3

AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.

INDUCEMENT AWARD

STOCK OPTION GRANT NOTICE

Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation, (the “ Company ”), hereby grants to the holder listed below (“ Participant ”) an option to purchase the number of shares of the Company’s common stock (“ Stock ”) set forth below (the “ Option ”). This Option is subject to all of the terms and conditions set forth herein, as well as in the Stock Option Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “ Stock Option Agreement ”), which is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Participant:    [________]
Grant Date:    [________]
Vesting Commencement Date:    [________]
Exercise Price per Share:    $[________]
Total Exercise Price:    [________]

Total Number of Shares

Subject to the Option:

   [________]
Expiration Date:    [________]
Vesting Schedule:    Subject to Participant’s continued service with the Company on the applicable vesting dates, 25% of the total option shares shall vest on the first anniversary of the Vesting Commencement Date, and 1/48 of the total option shares shall vest each month thereafter so that all of the shares subject to the option are vested and exercisable on the fourth anniversary of the Vesting Commencement Date.
Type of Option:   

Non-Qualified

Stock Option


By his or her signature and the Company’s signature below, Participant agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Stock Option Agreement and this Grant Notice. Participant has reviewed the Stock Option Agreement and this Grant Notice in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Grant Notice and fully understands all provisions of this Grant Notice and the Stock Option Agreement. Participant hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Administrator upon any questions arising under this Grant Notice or the Stock Option Agreement.

 

AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.:    PARTICIPANT:
By:  

 

   By:   

 

Print Name:  

 

   Print Name:   

 

Title:  

 

     
Address:  

 

   Address:   

 

 

 

     

 


EXHIBIT A

TO INDUCEMENT AWARD

STOCK OPTION GRANT NOTICE

AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC. STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT

Pursuant to the Stock Option Grant Notice (the “ Grant Notice ”) to which this Stock Option Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) is attached, Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), has granted to Participant an Option to purchase the number of shares of Stock indicated in the Grant Notice.

WHEREAS, Participant is a new Employee who has not previously served as an Employee or Director of the Company; and

WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) has determined that Participant shall be granted the Option as an inducement material to Participant entering into employment with the Company.

ARTICLE 1.

GENERAL

1.1. Defined Terms . Wherever the following terms are used in this Agreement they shall have the meanings specified below, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Capitalized terms not specifically defined herein shall have the meanings specified in the Grant Notice.

1.2. Administrator . The Option shall be administered by the Board, the Committee and/or their delegates (the “ Administrator ”). To the extent desirable to qualify transactions hereunder as exempt under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act (“ Rule 16b-3 ”), the Option shall be granted by the entire Board or a Committee of two or more “non-employee directors” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3. In order to comply with any applicable Nasdaq or other stock exchange listing requirements, the Option shall be granted by the Committee or a majority of the Company’s Independent Directors and will be administered in a manner that complies with such requirements. Except to the extent prohibited by Applicable Law, the Administrator may delegate to one or more individuals the day-to-day administration of the Option. Such delegation may be revoked at any time.

ARTICLE 2.

GRANT OF OPTION

2.1. Grant of Option . In consideration of Participant’s entering into employment with or service to the Company or any Affiliate and for other good and valuable consideration, effective as of the Grant Date set forth in the Grant Notice (the “ Grant Date ”), the Company irrevocably grants to Participant the Option to purchase any part or all of an aggregate of the number of shares of Stock set forth in the Grant Notice, upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, subject to adjustments as provided in Section 5.13 hereof.


2.2. Exercise Price; Prohibition on Repricing .

(a) The exercise price of the shares of Stock subject to the Option shall be as set forth in the Grant Notice, without commission or other charge; provided , however , that the price per share of the shares of Stock subject to the Option shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a share of Stock on the Grant Date.

(b) Subject to Section 5.13 hereof, the Administrator shall not, without the approval of the stockholders of the Company, (i) authorize the amendment of the Option to reduce its price per Share, or (ii) cancel the Option in exchange for cash or another award when the Option price per Share exceeds the Fair Market Value of the underlying shares of Stock.

2.3. Consideration to the Company . In consideration of the grant of the Option by the Company, Participant agrees to render faithful and efficient services to the Company or any Affiliate. Nothing in this Agreement shall confer upon Participant any right to continue in the employ or service of the Company or any Affiliate or shall interfere with or restrict in any way the rights of the Company and its Affiliates, which rights are hereby expressly reserved, to discharge or terminate the services of Participant at any time for any reason whatsoever, with or without cause, except to the extent expressly provided otherwise in a written agreement between the Company or an Affiliate and Participant.

ARTICLE 3.

PERIOD OF EXERCISABILITY

3.1. Commencement of Exercisability .

(a) Subject to Sections 3.2, 3.3, 5.11 and 5.17 hereof, the Option shall become vested and exercisable in such amounts and at such times as are set forth in the Grant Notice.

(b) No portion of the Option which has not become vested and exercisable at the date of Participant’s Termination of Service shall thereafter become vested and exercisable, except as may be otherwise provided by the Administrator or as set forth in a written agreement between the Company and Participant.

(c) Notwithstanding Sections 3.1(a) hereof and the Grant Notice, but subject to Section 3.1(b) hereof, in the event of a Change in Control the Option shall be treated pursuant to Section Section 5.13 hereof.

3.2. Duration of Exercisability . The installments provided for in the vesting schedule set forth in the Grant Notice are cumulative. Each such installment which becomes vested and exercisable pursuant to the vesting schedule set forth in the Grant Notice shall remain vested and exercisable until it becomes unexercisable under Section 3.3 hereof.

3.3. Expiration of Option . The Option may not be exercised to any extent by anyone after the first to occur of the following events:

(a) The Expiration Date set forth in the Grant Notice, which shall in no event be more than ten (10) years from the Grant Date;


(b) The expiration of three (3) months from the date of Participant’s Termination of Service, unless such termination occurs by reason of Participant’s death or disability; or

(c) The expiration of one (1) year from the date of Participant’s Termination of Service by reason of Participant’s death or disability.

3.4. Tax Withholding . The Company or any Affiliate shall have the authority and the right to deduct or withhold, or require Participant to remit to the Company, an amount sufficient to satisfy federal, state, local and foreign taxes (including Participant’s FICA or employment tax obligation) required by law to be withheld with respect to any taxable event concerning Participant arising as a result of this Agreement. The Administrator may in its sole discretion and in satisfaction of the foregoing requirement allow Participant to satisfy such obligations by any payment means described in Section 4.4 hereof, including, without limitation, by allowing Participant to elect to have the Company withhold shares of Stock otherwise issuable under this Agreement (or allow the surrender of shares of Stock). The number of shares of Stock which may be so withheld or surrendered shall be limited to the number of shares of Stock which have a Fair Market Value on the date of withholding or repurchase equal to the aggregate amount of such liabilities based on the minimum statutory withholding rates for federal, state, local and foreign income tax and payroll tax purposes that are applicable to such supplemental taxable income. The Administrator shall determine the fair market value of the shares of Stock, consistent with applicable provisions of the Code, for tax withholding obligations due in connection with a broker-assisted cashless option exercise involving the sale of shares of Stock to pay the Option exercise price or any tax withholding obligation.

3.5. Tax Indemnity .

(a) Participant agrees to indemnify and keep indemnified the Company, any Affiliate and Participant’s employing company, if different, from and against any liability for or obligation to pay any Tax Liability (a “ Tax Liability ” being any liability for income tax, withholding tax and any other employment related taxes or social security contributions in any jurisdiction) that is attributable to (1) the grant or exercise of, or any benefit derived by Participant from, the Option, (2) the acquisition by Participant of the Stock on exercise of the Option or (3) the disposal of any Stock.

(b) The Option cannot be exercised until Participant has made such arrangements as the Company may require for the satisfaction of any Tax Liability that may arise in connection with the exercise of the Option and/or the acquisition of the Stock by Participant. The Company shall not be required to issue, allot or transfer Stock until Participant has satisfied this obligation.

(c) Participant hereby acknowledges that the Company (i) makes no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax Liabilities in connection with any aspect of the Option and (ii) does not commit to and is under no obligation to structure the terms of the grant or any aspect of the Option, to reduce or eliminate Participant’s liability for Tax Liabilities or achieve any particular tax result. Furthermore, if Participant becomes subject to tax in more than one jurisdiction between the Grant Date of the Option, and the date of any relevant taxable event, Participant acknowledges that the Company may be required to withhold or account for Tax Liabilities in more than one jurisdiction.


ARTICLE 4.

EXERCISE OF OPTION

4.1. Person Eligible to Exercise . Except as provided in Section 5.3 hereof, during the lifetime of Participant, only Participant may exercise the Option or any portion thereof, unless it has been disposed of pursuant to a DRO. After the death of Participant, any exercisable portion of the Option may, prior to the time when the Option becomes unexercisable under Section 3.3 hereof, be exercised by the deceased Participant’s personal representative or by any person empowered to do so under the deceased Participant’s will or under the then Applicable Laws of descent and distribution.

4.2. Partial Exercise . Any exercisable portion of the Option or the entire Option, if then wholly exercisable, may be exercised in whole or in part at any time prior to the time when the Option or portion thereof becomes unexercisable under Section 3.3 hereof. However, the Option shall not be exercisable with respect to fractional shares of Stock.

4.3. Manner of Exercise . The Option, or any exercisable portion thereof, may be exercised solely by delivery to the Secretary of the Company (or any third party administrator or other person or entity designated by the Company; for the avoidance of doubt, delivery shall include electronic delivery), during regular business hours, of all of the following prior to the time when the Option or such portion thereof becomes unexercisable under Section 3.3 hereof:

(a) An exercise notice in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B, stating that the Option or portion thereof is thereby exercised, such notice complying with all applicable rules established by the Administrator. The notice shall be signed by Participant or other person then entitled to exercise the Option or such portion of the Option;

(b) The receipt by the Company of full payment for the shares of Stock with respect to which the Option or portion thereof is exercised, including payment of any applicable withholding tax, which shall be made by deduction from other compensation payable to Participant or in such other form of consideration permitted under Section 4.4 hereof that is acceptable to the Company;

(c) Any other written representations or documents as may be required in the Administrator’s sole discretion to evidence compliance with the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any other Applicable Law, rule or regulation; and

(d) In the event the Option or portion thereof shall be exercised pursuant to Section 4.1 hereof by any person or persons other than Participant, appropriate proof of the right of such person or persons to exercise the Option.

Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, the Company shall have the right to specify all conditions of the manner of exercise, which conditions may vary by country and which may be subject to change from time to time.

4.4. Method of Payment . Payment of the exercise price shall be by any of the following, or a combination thereof, at the election of Participant:


(a) Cash or check;

(b) With the consent of the Administrator, surrender of shares of Stock (including, without limitation, shares of Stock otherwise issuable upon exercise of the Option) held for such period of time as may be required by the Administrator in order to avoid adverse accounting consequences and having a Fair Market Value on the date of delivery equal to the aggregate exercise price of the Option or exercised portion thereof; or

(c) Other legal consideration acceptable to the Administrator (including, without limitation, through the delivery of a notice that Participant has placed a market sell order with a broker with respect to shares of Stock then issuable upon exercise of the Option, and that the broker has been directed to pay a sufficient portion of the net proceeds of the sale to the Company in satisfaction of the Option exercise price; provided that payment of such proceeds is then made to the Company at such time as may be required by the Company, but in any event not later than the settlement of such sale).

 

4.5. Conditions to Issuance of Stock .

The shares of Stock deliverable upon the exercise of the Option, or any portion thereof, may be either previously authorized but unissued shares of Stock or issued shares of Stock which have then been reacquired by the Company. Such shares of Stock shall be fully paid and nonassessable. The Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any shares of Stock purchased upon the exercise of the Option or portion thereof prior to fulfillment of all of the following conditions:

(a) The admission of such shares of Stock to listing on all stock exchanges on which such Stock is then listed;

(b) The completion of any registration or other qualification of such shares of Stock under any state or federal law or under rulings or regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission or of any other governmental regulatory body, which the Administrator shall, in its absolute discretion, deem necessary or advisable;

(c) The obtaining of any approval or other clearance from any state or federal governmental agency which the Administrator shall, in its absolute discretion, determine to be necessary or advisable;

(d) The receipt by the Company of full payment for such shares of Stock, including payment of any applicable withholding tax, which may be in one or more of the forms of consideration permitted under Section 4.4 hereof;

(e) The lapse of such reasonable period of time following the exercise of the Option as the Administrator may from time to time establish for reasons of administrative convenience.

(f) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any certificates or make any book entries evidencing shares of Stock pursuant to the exercise of the Option, unless and until the Board or the Committee has determined, with advice of counsel, that the issuance of such shares is in compliance with all


Applicable Law, and the shares of Stock are covered by an effective registration statement or applicable exemption from registration. In addition to the terms and conditions provided herein, the Board or the Committee may require that Participant make such reasonable covenants, agreements, and representations as the Board or the Committee, in its discretion, deems advisable in order to comply with Applicable Law;

(g) All share certificates delivered pursuant to this Agreement and all shares of Stock issued pursuant to book entry procedures are subject to any stop-transfer orders and other restrictions as the Administrator deems necessary or advisable to comply with Applicable Law. The Administrator may place legends on any share certificate or book entry to reference restrictions applicable to the shares of Stock;

(h) The Administrator shall have the right to require Participant to comply with any timing or other restrictions with respect to the settlement, distribution or exercise of the Option, including a window-period limitation, as may be imposed in the sole discretion of the Administrator;

(i) No fractional shares of Stock shall be issued and the Administrator shall determine, in its sole discretion, whether cash shall be given in lieu of fractional shares or whether such fractional shares shall be eliminated by rounding down; and

(j) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, unless otherwise determined by the Administrator or required by any Applicable Law, the Company shall not deliver to Participant certificates evidencing shares of Stock issued in connection with the Option and instead such shares of Stock shall be recorded in the books of the Company (or, as applicable, its transfer agent or stock plan administrator).

4.6. Rights as Stockholder . The holder of the Option shall not be, nor have any of the rights or privileges of, a stockholder of the Company, including, without limitation, voting rights and rights to dividends, in respect of any shares of Stock purchasable upon the exercise of any part of the Option unless and until such shares of Stock shall have been issued by the Company and held of record by such holder (as evidenced by the appropriate entry on the books of the Company or of a duly authorized transfer agent of the Company). No adjustment will be made for a dividend or other right for which the record date is prior to the date the shares of Stock are issued, except as provided in Section 5.13 hereof.

ARTICLE 5.

OTHER PROVISIONS

5.1. Administration . The Administrator shall have the power to interpret this Agreement and to adopt such rules for the administration and interpretation of this Agreement as are consistent herewith and to interpret, amend or revoke any such rules. All actions taken and all interpretations and determinations made by the Administrator in good faith shall be final and binding upon Participant, the Company and all other interested persons. No member of the Committee or the Board shall be personally liable for any action, determination or interpretation made in good faith with respect to this Agreement or the Option.

 

5.2. Whole Shares . The Option may only be exercised for whole shares of Stock.


5.3. Option Not Transferable .

(a) Subject to Section 4.1 hereof, the Option may not be sold, pledged, assigned or transferred in any manner other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution or, subject to the consent of the Administrator, pursuant to a DRO, unless and until the Option has been exercised and the shares of Stock underlying the Option have been issued, and all restrictions applicable to such shares of Stock have lapsed. Neither the Option nor any interest or right therein shall be liable for the debts, contracts or engagements of Participant or his or her successors in interest or shall be subject to disposition by transfer, alienation, anticipation, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, assignment or any other means whether such disposition be voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law by judgment, levy, attachment, garnishment or any other legal or equitable proceedings (including bankruptcy) unless and until the Option has been exercised, and any attempted disposition thereof prior to exercise shall be null and void and of no effect, except to the extent that such disposition is permitted by the preceding sentence.

(b) During the lifetime of Participant, only Participant may exercise the Option (or any portion thereof), unless it has been disposed of pursuant to a DRO; after the death of Participant, any exercisable portion of the Option may, prior to the time when such portion becomes unexercisable under this Agreement, be exercised by Participant’s personal representative or by any person empowered to do so under the deceased Participant’s will or under the then-Applicable Laws of descent and distribution.

(c) Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement, Participant may, in the manner determined by the Administrator, designate a beneficiary to exercise the rights of Participant and to receive any distribution with respect to the Option upon Participant’s death. A beneficiary, legal guardian, legal representative, or other person claiming any rights is subject to all terms and conditions of this Agreement, except to the extent this Agreement otherwise provides, and to any additional restrictions deemed necessary or appropriate by the Administrator. If Participant is married or a domestic partner in a domestic partnership qualified under Applicable Law and resides in a community property state, a designation of a person other than Participant’s spouse or domestic partner, as applicable, as his or her beneficiary with respect to more than 50% of Participant’s interest in the Option shall not be effective without the prior written consent of Participant’s spouse or domestic partner. If no beneficiary has been designated or survives Participant, payment shall be made to the person entitled thereto pursuant to Participant’s will or the laws of descent and distribution. Subject to the foregoing, a beneficiary designation may be changed or revoked by Participant at any time provided the change or revocation is filed with the Administrator prior to Participant’s death.

5.4. Tax Consultation . Participant understands that Participant may suffer adverse tax consequences as a result of the grant, vesting and/or exercise of the Option, and/or with the purchase or disposition of the shares of Stock subject to the Option. Participant represents that Participant has consulted with any tax consultants Participant deems advisable in connection with the purchase or disposition of such shares of Stock and that Participant is not relying on the Company for any tax advice.


5.5. Binding Agreement . Subject to the limitation on the transferability of the Option contained herein, this Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the heirs, legatees, legal representatives, successors and assigns of the parties hereto.

5.6. Adjustments Upon Specified Events . The Administrator may accelerate the vesting of the Option in such circumstances as it, in its sole discretion, may determine. In addition, upon the occurrence of certain events relating to the Stock contemplated by Section 5.13 hereof (including, without limitation, an extraordinary cash dividend on such Stock), the Administrator shall make such adjustments the Administrator deems appropriate in the number of shares of Stock subject to the Option, the exercise price of the Option and the kind of securities that may be issued upon exercise of the Option. Participant acknowledges that the Option is subject to adjustment, modification and termination in certain events as provided in this Agreement and Section 5.13 hereof.

5.7. Notices . Any notice to be given under the terms of this Agreement to the Company shall be addressed to the Company in care of the Secretary of the Company at the Company’s principal office, and any notice to be given to Participant shall be addressed to Participant at Participant’s last address reflected on the Company’s records. By a notice given pursuant to this Section 5.7, either party may hereafter designate a different address for notices to be given to that party. Any notice which is required to be given to Participant shall, if Participant is then deceased, be given to the person entitled to exercise his or her Option pursuant to Section 4.1 hereof by written notice under this Section 5.7. Any notice shall be deemed duly given when sent via email or when sent by certified mail (return receipt requested) and deposited (with postage prepaid) in a post office or branch post office regularly maintained by the United States Postal Service.

5.8. Titles . Titles are provided herein for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Agreement.

5.9. Governing Law . The laws of the State of Delaware shall govern the interpretation, validity, administration, enforcement and performance of the terms of this Agreement regardless of the law that might be applied under principles of conflicts of laws.

5.10. Conformity to Securities Laws . Participant acknowledges that this Agreement is intended to conform to the extent necessary with all provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and any and all Applicable Law and regulations and rules promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder, and state securities laws and regulations. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, this Agreement shall be administered, and the Option is granted and may be exercised, only in such a manner as to conform to such Applicable Law. To the extent permitted by Applicable Law, this Agreement shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to conform to such Applicable Law.

5.11. Amendment, Suspension and Termination . This Agreement may be wholly or partially amended or otherwise modified, suspended or terminated at any time or from time to time by the Administrator or the Board; provided, however, that, except as may otherwise be provided by this Agreement, no amendment, modification, suspension or termination of this Agreement shall adversely affect the Option in any material way without the prior written consent of Participant.


5.12. Successors and Assigns . The Company may assign any of its rights under this Agreement to single or multiple assignees, and this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the successors and assigns of the Company. Subject to the restrictions on transfer herein set forth in Section 5.3 hereof, this Agreement shall be binding upon Participant and his or her heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.

5.13. Changes in Stock Stock or Assets of the Company, Acquisition or Liquidation of the Company and Other Corporate Events .

(a) In the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination or exchange of shares, merger, consolidation or other distribution (other than normal cash dividends) of Company assets to stockholders, or any other change affecting the shares of Stock or the share price of the Stock other than an Equity Restructuring, the Administrator may make equitable adjustments, if any, to reflect such change with respect to (i) the number and kind of shares of Stock (or other securities or property) subject to the Option and (ii) the exercise price per share for the Option.

(b) In the event of any transaction or event described in Section 5.13 hereof or any unusual or nonrecurring transactions or events affecting the Company, any Affiliate of the Company, or the financial statements of the Company or any Affiliate, or of changes in Applicable Law, the Administrator, in its sole discretion, and on such terms and conditions as it deems appropriate, either by the terms of the Option or by action taken prior to the occurrence of such transaction or event and either automatically or upon Participant’s request, is hereby authorized to take any one or more of the following actions whenever the Administrator determines that such action is appropriate in order to prevent dilution or enlargement of the benefits or potential benefits intended to be made with respect to the Option, to facilitate such transactions or events or to give effect to such changes in laws, regulations or principles:

(i) To provide for either (A) termination of the Option in exchange for an amount of cash and/or other property, if any, equal to the amount that would have been attained upon the exercise of the Option or realization of Participant’s rights (and, for the avoidance of doubt, if as of the date of the occurrence of the transaction or event described in this Section 5.13 the Administrator determines in good faith that no amount would have been attained upon the exercise of the Option or realization of Participant’s rights, then the Option may be terminated by the Company without payment) or (B) the replacement of the Option with other rights or property selected by the Administrator in its sole discretion having an aggregate value not exceeding the amount that could have been attained upon the exercise of the Option or realization of Participant’s rights had the Option been currently exercisable or payable or fully vested;

(ii) To provide that the Option be assumed by the successor or survivor corporation, or a parent or subsidiary thereof, or shall be substituted for by similar options, rights or awards covering the stock of the successor or survivor corporation, or a parent or subsidiary thereof, with appropriate adjustments as to the number and kind of shares and prices;

(iii) To make adjustments in the number and type of shares of the Stock (or other securities or property) subject to the Option, and/or in the terms and conditions of (including the exercise price), the Option;


(iv) To provide that the Option shall be exercisable or payable or fully vested with respect to all shares of Stock covered thereby, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement; and

(v) To provide that the Option cannot vest, be exercised or become payable after such event.

(c) In connection with the occurrence of any Equity Restructuring, and notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Sections 5.13(a) and 5.13(b) hereof, the number and type of securities subject to the Option and the exercise price thereof shall be equitably adjusted. The adjustments provided under this Section 5.13(c) shall be nondiscretionary and shall be final and binding on Participant and the Company.

(d) Change in Control .

(i) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, in the event of a Change in Control, the Option shall be assumed or an equivalent award substituted by the successor corporation or a parent or subsidiary of the successor corporation, in each case, as determined by the Administrator.

(ii) In the event that the successor corporation in a Change in Control and its parents and subsidiaries refuse to assume or substitute for the Option in accordance with Section 5.13(d)(i) hereof, the Option shall become fully vested and, as applicable, exercisable and shall be deemed exercised, immediately prior to the consummation of such transaction, and all forfeiture restrictions on the Option shall lapse at such time. If the Option vests and, as applicable, is exercised in lieu of assumption or substitution in connection with a Change in Control, the Administrator shall notify Participant of such vesting and any applicable exercise period, and the Option shall terminate upon the Change in Control. For the avoidance of doubt, if the value of the Option that is terminated in connection with this Section 5.13(d)(ii) is zero or negative at the time of such Change in Control, such Option shall be terminated upon the Change in Control without payment of consideration therefor.

(e) No adjustment or action described in this Section 5.13 shall be authorized to the extent such adjustment or action would result in short-swing profits liability under Section 16 of the Exchange Act or violate the exemptive conditions of Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act unless the Administrator determines that the Option is not to comply with such exemptive conditions.

(f) The existence of this Agreement and the Option shall not affect or restrict in any way the right or power of the Company or the stockholders of the Company to make or authorize any adjustment, recapitalization, reorganization or other change in the Company’s capital structure or its business, any merger or consolidation of the Company, any issue of stock or of options, warrants or rights to purchase stock or of bonds, debentures, preferred or prior preference stocks whose rights are superior to or affect the Stock or the rights thereof or which are convertible into or exchangeable for Stock, or the dissolution or liquidation of the Company, or any sale or transfer of all or any part of its assets or business, or any other corporate act or proceeding, whether of a similar character or otherwise.


(g) In the event of any pending stock dividend, stock split, combination or exchange of shares, merger, consolidation or other distribution (other than normal cash dividends) of Company assets to stockholders, or any other change affecting the shares of Stock or the share price of the Stock including any Equity Restructuring, for reasons of administrative convenience, the Company in its sole discretion may refuse to permit the exercise of the Option during a period of thirty (30) days prior to the consummation of any such transaction.

5.14. Limitations Applicable to Section 16 Persons . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, if Participant is subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, the Option and this Agreement shall be subject to any additional limitations set forth in any applicable exemptive rule under Section 16 of the Exchange Act (including any amendment to Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act) that are requirements for the application of such exemptive rule. To the extent permitted by Applicable Law, this Agreement shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to conform to such applicable exemptive rule.

5.15. Not a Contract of Service Relationship . Nothing in this Agreement shall confer upon Participant any right to continue to serve as an employee or other service provider of the Company or any of its Affiliates or interfere with or restrict in any way with the right of the Company or any of its Affiliates, which rights are hereby expressly reserved, to discharge or to terminate for any reason whatsoever, with or without cause, the services of Participant’s at any time.

5.16. Entire Agreement . The Grant Notice, this Agreement (including all Exhibits thereto) and the Change in Control and Severance Agreement entered into between the Company and Participant, dated January 29, 2016, constitute the entire agreement of the parties and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof.

5.17. Section 409A . This Option is not intended to constitute “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (together with any Department of Treasury regulations and other interpretive guidance issued thereunder, including, without limitation, any such regulations or other guidance that may be issued after the date hereof, “ Section 409A ”). However, notwithstanding any other provision of the Grant Notice or this Agreement (or any Exhibits hereto), if at any time the Administrator determines that the Option (or any portion thereof) may be subject to Section 409A, the Administrator shall have the right in its sole discretion (without any obligation to do so or to indemnify Participant or any other person for failure to do so) to adopt such amendments to the Grant Notice or this Agreement (or any Exhibits hereto), or adopt other policies and procedures (including amendments, policies and procedures with retroactive effect), or take any other actions, as the Administrator determines are necessary or appropriate either for the Option to be exempt from the application of Section 409A or to comply with the requirements of Section 409A.

5.18. Limitation on Participant’s Rights . This Agreement creates only a contractual obligation on the part of the Company as to amounts payable and shall not be construed as creating a trust . Participant shall have only the rights of a general unsecured creditor of the Company with respect to amounts credited and benefits payable, if any, with respect to the Option, and rights no greater than the right to receive the Stock as a general unsecured creditor with respect to options, as and when exercised pursuant to the terms hereof.


5.19. Consent to Personal Data Use . Participant acknowledges and agrees that the Company is permitted to collect, hold, store, process, modify, transfer, lock or delete certain personal (and sensitive) data in any medium about Participant (i.e., name, home address, telephone number, e-mail address, date of birth, tax identification number and payroll information) as a part of its personnel and other business records for the exclusive purpose of tracking stock option grants, processing stock option exercises and subsequent share transfers and sales, arranging for appropriate tax reporting and withholding and regulatory tracking and reporting purposes and the Company may disclose such information to third parties in the event that such disclosure is in the Company’s view required for the proper tracking of stock option grants, processing stock option exercises and subsequent share transfers and sales, arranging for appropriate tax reporting and withholding and regulatory tracking. For these purposes, this personal data will be transferred to other locations, including locations outside of the European Union and in so-called insecure third-party countries that do not guarantee the data privacy protection level of the European Union.

5.20. Claw-Back Provisions . The Option (including any proceeds, gains or other economic benefit actually or constructively received by Participant upon any receipt or exercise of the Option or upon the receipt or resale of any shares of Stock underlying the Option) shall be subject to the provisions of any claw-back policy implemented by the Company, including, without limitation, any claw-back policy adopted to comply with the requirements of Applicable Law, including, without limitation, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and any rules or regulations promulgated thereunder, to the extent set forth in such claw-back policy.

 

5.21. Definitions .

(a) “ Affiliate ” shall mean any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company.

(b) “ Applicable Law ” shall mean any applicable law, including, without limitation, (i) provisions of the Code, the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and any rules or regulations thereunder; (ii) corporate, securities, tax or other laws, statutes, rules, requirements or regulations, whether federal, state, local or foreign; and (iii) rules of any securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the shares of Stock are listed, quoted or traded.

(c) “ Change in Control ” shall mean the occurrence, in a single transaction or in a series of related transactions, of any one or more of the following events:

(i) A transaction or series of transactions (other than an offering of Stock to the general public through a registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission) whereby any “person” or related “group” of “persons” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act) (other than the Company, any of its subsidiaries, an employee benefit plan maintained by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or a “person” that, prior to such transaction, directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Company) directly or indirectly acquires beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of securities of the Company possessing more than 50% of the total combined voting power of the Company’s securities outstanding immediately after such acquisition; or


(ii) During any period of two consecutive years, individuals who, at the beginning of such period, constitute the Board together with any new Director(s) (other than a Director designated by a person who shall have entered into an agreement with the Company to effect a transaction described in Section 5.21(c)(i) or 5.21(c)(iii)) whose election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds of the Directors then still in office who either were Directors at the beginning of the two-year period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute a majority thereof; or

(iii) The consummation by the Company (whether directly involving the Company or indirectly involving the Company through one or more intermediaries) of (x) a merger, consolidation, reorganization, or business combination or (y) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets in any single transaction or series of related transactions or (z) the acquisition of assets or stock of another entity, in each case other than a transaction:

(A) which results in the Company’s voting securities outstanding immediately before the transaction continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the Company or the person that, as a result of the transaction, controls, directly or indirectly, the Company or owns, directly or indirectly, all or substantially all of the Company’s assets or otherwise succeeds to the business of the Company (the Company or such person, the “ Successor Entity ”)) directly or indirectly, at least a majority of the combined voting power of the Successor Entity’s outstanding voting securities immediately after the transaction, and

(B) after which no person or group beneficially owns voting securities representing 50% or more of the combined voting power of the Successor Entity; provided, however, that no person or group shall be treated for purposes of this Section 5.21(c)(iii)(B) as beneficially owning 50% or more of the combined voting power of the Successor Entity solely as a result of the voting power held in the Company prior to the consummation of the transaction; or

(iv) The Company’s stockholders approve a liquidation or dissolution of the Company.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Change in Control constitutes a payment event with respect to any portion of the Option that provides for the deferral of compensation and is subject to Section 409A of the Code, the transaction or event described in subsection (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) with respect to the Option (or portion thereof) must also constitute a “change in control event,” as defined in Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-3(i)(5) to the extent required by Section 409A.


The Committee shall have full and final authority, which shall be exercised in its discretion, to determine conclusively whether a Change in Control of the Company has occurred pursuant to the above definition, and the date of the occurrence of such Change in Control and any incidental matters relating thereto; provided that any exercise of authority is in conjunction with a determination of whether a Change in Control is a “change in control event” as defined in Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-3(i)(5) shall be consistent with such regulation.

(d) “ Code ” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, together with the regulations and official guidance promulgated thereunder, whether issued prior or subsequent to the grant of the Option.

(e) “ Committee ” shall mean the Compensation Committee of the Board, a subcommittee of the Compensation Committee of the Board or another committee or subcommittee of the Board.

(f) “ Consultant ” shall mean any consultant or advisor engaged to provide services to the Company or any Affiliate who qualifies as a consultant or advisor under the applicable rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission for registration of shares on a Form S-8 Registration Statement or any successor Form thereto.

(g) “ Director ” shall mean a member of the Board, as constituted from time to time.

(h) “ DRO ” shall mean a “domestic relations order” as defined by the Code or Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, or the rules thereunder.

(i) “ Employee ” shall mean any officer or other employee (as determined in accordance with Section 3401(c) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder) of the Company or any Affiliate.

(j) “ Equity Restructuring ” shall mean a nonreciprocal transaction between the Company and its stockholders, such as a stock dividend, stock split, spin-off, rights offering or recapitalization through a large, nonrecurring cash dividend, that affects the number or kind of shares of Stock (or other securities of the Company) or the share price of Stock (or other securities) and causes a change in the per share value of the Stock underlying the Option.

(k) “ Exchange Act ” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time.

(l) “ Fair Market Value ” shall mean, as of any given date, the value of a share of Stock determined as follows:

If the Stock is (i) listed on any established securities exchange (such as the New York Stock Exchange, the NASDAQ Global Market and the NASDAQ Global Select Market), (ii) listed on any national market system or (iii) listed, quoted or traded on any automated quotation system, its Fair Market Value shall be the closing sales price for a share of Stock as quoted on such exchange or system for such date or, if there is no closing sales price for a share of Stock on the date in question, the closing sales price for a share of Stock on the last preceding date for which such quotation exists, as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Administrator deems reliable;


If the Stock is not listed on an established securities exchange, national market system or automated quotation system, but the Stock is regularly quoted by a recognized securities dealer, its Fair Market Value shall be the mean of the high bid and low asked prices for such date or, if there are no high bid and low asked prices for a share of Stock on such date, the high bid and low asked prices for a share of Stock on the last preceding date for which such information exists, as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Administrator deems reliable; or

If the Stock is neither listed on an established securities exchange, national market system or automated quotation system nor regularly quoted by a recognized securities dealer, its Fair Market Value shall be established by the Administrator in good faith.

(m) “ Independent Director ” means a member of the Board who is an “independent director” within the meaning of Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605.

(n) “ Parent ” shall mean any entity (other than the Company), whether domestic or foreign, in an unbroken chain of entities ending with the Company if each of the entities other than the Company beneficially owns, at the time of the determination, securities or interests representing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of securities or interests in one of the other entities in such chain.

(o) “ Securities Act ” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

(p) “ Subsidiary ” shall mean any entity (other than the Company), whether domestic or foreign, in an unbroken chain of entities beginning with the Company if each of the entities other than the last entity in the unbroken chain beneficially owns, at the time of the determination, securities or interests representing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of securities or interests in one of the other entities in such chain.

(q) “ Termination of Service ” shall mean:

As to a Consultant, the time when the engagement of Participant as a Consultant to the Company or an Affiliate is terminated for any reason, with or without cause, including, without limitation, by resignation, discharge, death or retirement, but excluding terminations where the Consultant simultaneously commences or remains in employment or service with the Company or any Affiliate.

As to a Non-Employee Director, the time when Participant who is a Non-Employee Director ceases to be a Director for any reason, including, without limitation, a termination by resignation, failure to be elected, death or retirement, but excluding terminations where Participant simultaneously commences or remains in employment or service with the Company or any Affiliate.


As to an Employee, the time when the employee-employer relationship between Participant and the Company or any Affiliate is terminated for any reason, including, without limitation, a termination by resignation, discharge, death, disability or retirement; but excluding terminations where Participant simultaneously commences or remains in employment or service with the Company or any Affiliate.

The Administrator, in its sole discretion, shall determine the effect of all matters and questions relating to Terminations of Service, including, without limitation, the question of whether a Termination of Service resulted from a discharge for cause and all questions of whether particular leaves of absence constitute a Termination of Service. For purposes of this Agreement, Participant’s employee-employer relationship or consultancy relations shall be deemed to be terminated in the event that the Affiliate employing or contracting with Participant ceases to remain an Affiliate following any merger, sale of stock or other corporate transaction or event (including, without limitation, a spin-off).

* * * * *


EXHIBIT B

INDUCEMENT AWARD

STOCK OPTION GRANT NOTICE

NOTICE OF EXERCISE

Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc.

1035 O’Brien Drive, Suite A

Menlo Park, CA 94025

Ladies and Gentlemen:

1. Exercise of Option. Effective upon delivery of full payment (or election of payment by shares) of the Exercise Price per Share (the “Exercise Price”) and any required tax withholdings, the undersigned Participant hereby elects to exercise the Participant’s option (“ Option ”), granted on              , to purchase              whole shares (the “ Exercised Shares ”) of shares of Stock under and pursuant to the Inducement Award Stock Option Grant Notice (including Exhibits thereto) (the “ Agreement ”) between the Participant and Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc. (the “ Company ”) dated              . Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Notice of Exercise (the “ Exercise Notice ”) shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Agreement.

2. Delivery of Payment of Exercise Price. The Participant is paying for the Exercised Shares (check as applicable):

 

  ¨ with the consent of the Administrator, by surrender of shares of Stock held for such period of time as may be required by the Administrator in order to avoid adverse accounting consequences and having a Fair Market Value on the date of delivery equal to the aggregate Exercise Price of the Exercised Shares; or

 

  ¨ by delivering with this Exercise Notice cash and/or a certified or cashier’s check payable to the Company in the amount of $                      ; and/or

 

  ¨ with the consent of the Administrator, by delivering with this Exercise Notice                      shares of Stock that are owned by the Participant and endorsed for transfer to the Company and that have an aggregate Fair Market Value on the date of exercise equal to the portion of the aggregate Exercise Price being covered thereby (if not prohibited by any contractual arrangement otherwise); and/or

 

  ¨ Participant has placed a market sell order with a broker with respect to shares of Stock issuable upon exercise of the Option, and the broker has been directed to pay a sufficient portion of the net proceeds of the sale to the Company in satisfaction of the aggregate Exercise Price, with payment of such proceeds made to the Company at such time as may be required by the Company, but in any event not later than the settlement of such sale.

3. Delivery of Payment of Taxes . The Participant is paying the local, state and federal withholding taxes and/or all other taxes that the Company has advised are due by reason of this exercise of the Option, in the amount of $                      (check as applicable):


  ¨ with the consent of the Administrator, by surrender of shares of Stock held for such period of time as may be required by the Administrator in order to avoid adverse accounting consequences and having a Fair Market Value on the date of delivery equal to the aggregate Exercise Price of the Exercised Shares; or

 

  ¨ by delivering with this Exercise Notice cash and/or a certified or cashier’s check payable to the Company in the amount of $                      ; and/or

 

  ¨ with the consent of the Administrator, by delivering with this Exercise Notice              shares of Stock that are owned by the Participant and endorsed for transfer to the Company and that have an aggregate Fair Market Value on the date of exercise equal to the portion of the aggregate Exercise Price being covered thereby (if not prohibited by any contractual arrangement otherwise); and/or

 

  ¨ Participant has placed a market sell order with a broker with respect to shares of Stock issuable upon exercise of the Option, and the broker has been directed to pay a sufficient portion of the net proceeds of the sale to the Company in satisfaction of the aggregate Exercise Price, with payment of such proceeds made to the Company at such time as may be required by the Company, but in any event not later than the settlement of such sale.

4. Registration of Shares . Please register the Exercised Shares (check one):

 

  ¨ in the Participant’s name only;

 

  ¨ as community property in the names of the Participant and the Participant’s spouse (                      ); or

 

  ¨ in the names of the Participant and the Participant’s spouse (                      ), as joint tenants with right of survivorship.

5. Representations of the Participant. The Participant acknowledges that the Participant has received, read, and understood the Agreement and this Exercise Notice and agrees to abide by and be bound by their terms and conditions.

6. Rights as Stockholder. Until the issuance of the Exercised Shares, no right to vote or receive dividends or any other rights as a stockholder shall exist with respect to the Exercised Shares, notwithstanding the exercise of the Option. The Exercised Shares shall be issued to the Participant as soon as practicable after the Option is exercised. No adjustment shall be made for a dividend or other right for which the record date is prior to the date of issuance, except as provided in Section 5.13 of the Agreement.

7. Tax Consultation. The Participant understands that the Participant may suffer adverse tax consequences as a result of the Participant’s purchase or disposition of the Exercised Shares. The Participant represents that the Participant has consulted with any tax consultants the Participant deems advisable in connection with the purchase or disposition of the Exercised Shares and that the Participant is not relying on the Company for any tax advice.

8. Governing Law. This Exercise Notice shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to principles of conflicts of law.


9. Entire Agreement. The Agreement is incorporated herein by reference. This Exercise Notice and the Agreement constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and the Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof, and may not be modified adversely to the Participant’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and the Participant.

[Signatures appear on next page.]


Submitted by:     Accepted by:
    AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC.

 

   

 

Name:     By:
    Title:

 

   
Social Security Number    
Address :     Address :

 

   

1035 O’Brien Drive, Suite A

 

   

Menlo Park, CA 94025

 

   

 

Date Signed     Date Received

Exhibit 99.1

AVALANCHE BIOTECHNOLOGIES CLOSES TRANSACTION WITH ANNAPURNA THERAPEUTICS AND CHANGES NAME TO ADVERUM BIOTECHNOLOGIES

—New Trading Symbol (NASDAQ: ADVM) Effective May 12, 2016—

- New Management Team and Additional Board Members in Place-

MENLO PARK, Calif., May 12, 2016 – Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc. (Nasdaq: AAVL) today announced the closing of the previously announced transaction with Annapurna Therapeutics. The combined company has been renamed Adverum Biotechnologies, Inc. and its common stock will begin trading on Nasdaq under the symbol ADVM as of the open of market today. Adverum will focus on developing novel medicines to treat patients who have rare diseases, or diseases of the eye, and have limited or burdensome treatment options.

As previously announced, Paul Cleveland is the chief executive officer of Adverum, Dr. Amber Salzman has been named president and chief operating officer, Dr. Carlo Russo now serves as executive vice president and chief medical officer, and Dr. Mehdi Gasmi is now the company’s chief technology officer. Additionally, Dr. Salzman, Dr. Mitchell Finer, managing director at MPM Capital, and Dr. Thomas Woiwode, managing director at Versant Ventures are now members of Adverum’s board of directors. They join current board members Dr. Mark Blumenkranz (chairman), Paul Cleveland, Dr. Steven Schwartz and John McLaughlin.

“We are pleased to see our vision of combining Avalanche’s capabilities in vector optimization, process development, manufacturing and assay development with Annapurna’s development expertise and promising gene therapy programs come to fruition,” said Paul Cleveland, CEO of Adverum Biotechnologies. “We believe this combination will provide Adverum with the strength to develop therapies for patients in need, and enable us to create significant value for our shareholders.”

He added, “The new management team is focused on applying our extensive clinical development expertise to advance the company’s gene therapy programs into the clinic. We intend on dosing our first patients for A1AT deficiency by the end of this year and for HAE in 2017 with the goal of generating meaningful human clinical data in the next 24 months.”

Following the issuance of Adverum common stock in connection with the transaction, the combined company has approximately 41.2 million shares of common stock outstanding. As previously announced, pre-transaction Avalanche stockholders own approximately 62.5% of the combined company and Annapurna shareholders own approximately 37.5% of the combined company (as calculated on a treasury stock method basis as of January 28, 2016).

In connection with the closing of the transaction, Avalanche granted Dr. Salzman a stock option to purchase 218,000 shares of the company’s common stock and Dr. Russo a stock option to purchase 66,000 shares of the company’s common stock. The grants, which will be issued outside of Avalanche’s 2014 Equity Incentive Award Plan, were approved by Avalanche’s Board of Directors pursuant to the inducement grant exception under NASDAQ Rule 5635(c)(4), as inducement that are material to Drs. Salzman and Russo’s entering into employment with the


company. The options will have a per share exercise price equal to the closing sales price of Avalanche’s common stock on NASDAQ on May 11, 2016, the grant date. The options will vest as to 25 percent of the total shares subject to the options on the first anniversary of the grant date, and as to 1/48 of the total shares subject to the option each month thereafter, subject to Dr. Salzman or Dr. Russo’s, as applicable, continued service with Avalanche through each vesting date.

Upcoming Milestones

 

    Provide update on wet AMD program in Q2 2016

 

    Initiate enrollment of first-in-human trial of ANN-001 for A1AT deficiency in H2 2016

 

    Provide clinical development guidance on ANN-003 timeline for Friedreich’s Ataxia in H2 2016

 

    Initiate enrollment of first-in-human trial of ANN-002 for hereditary angioedema in 2017

About Adverum Biotechnologies, Inc.

Adverum is a gene therapy company committed to discovering and developing novel medicines that can offer life-changing benefits to patients living with rare diseases or diseases of the eye, who currently have limited or burdensome treatment options .  Adverum has a robust pipeline and is leveraging its next-generation adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based directed evolution platform to generate product candidates designed to provide durable efficacy by inducing sustained expression of a therapeutic protein. Our focus on the patient is supported by clinical development expertise and core capabilities in vector optimization, process development, manufacturing, and assay development. For more information, please visit www.adverumbio.com

Forward-Looking Statements

Statements contained in this press release regarding matters that are not historical facts are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding Adverum’s plans, potential opportunities, expectations, projections, goals, objectives, milestones, strategies, product pipeline, the sufficiency of its resources to fund the advancement of any development program or the completion of any clinical trials, and the safety, efficacy, and projected development timeline and commercial potential of products under development, all of which are based on certain assumptions made by us on current conditions, expected future developments and other factors we believe are appropriate in the circumstances.. Adverum may not consummate any plans or product development goals in a timely manner, or at all, or otherwise carry out the intentions or meet the expectations or projections disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Actual results and the timing of events could differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements as a result of various risks and uncertainties, which include, without limitation, risks and uncertainties associated with the ability to project future cash utilization and reserves needed for contingent future


liabilities and business operations, the availability of sufficient resources for Adverum’s operations and to conduct or continue planned development programs and planned clinical trials and the ability to successfully develop any of its product candidates. Risks and uncertainties facing Adverum are described more fully in Adverum’s periodic reports filed with the SEC. All forward-looking statements contained in this press release speak only as of the date on which they were made. Adverum undertakes no obligation to update such statements to reflect events that occur or circumstances that exist after the date on which they were made.

###

Contacts

For Adverum:

Lauren Glaser

(650) 656-9347

lglaser@adverumbio.com