As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 17, 2016
Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-11
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
Under
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
110 E. 59 th Street
New York, NY 10022
(212) 938-5000
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of the registrants principal executive offices)
Michael Lehrman
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
110 E. 59th Street
New York, NY 10022
(212) 938-5000
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copies to:
Judith D. Fryer, Esq.
Joseph A. Herz, Esq.
Greenberg Traurig, LLP
200 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10166
(212) 801-9200
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to public: As soon as practicable after the effectiveness of the registration statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, check the following box: x
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check One):
Large accelerated filer | ¨ | Accelerated filer | ¨ | |||
Non-accelerated filer | x (Do not check if smaller reporting company) | Smaller Reporting Company | ¨ |
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Title of Shares to be Registered |
Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price (2) |
Amount of Registration Fee |
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Primary Offering, Class A, Class T and Class I Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share (1) (3) |
$1,000,000,000 | $115,900 | ||
Distribution Reinvestment Plan, Class A, Class T and Class I Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share (1) (4) |
$250,000,000 | $28,975 | ||
Total Class A, Class T and Class I Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share |
$1,250,000,000 | $144,875 | ||
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(1) | The registrant reserves the right to reallocate shares of common stock being offered between the primary offering and the distribution reinvestment plan. |
(2) | Estimated solely for the purpose of determining the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457. |
(3) | Represents shares issuable pursuant to the registrants primary offering. |
(4) | Represents shares issuable pursuant to the registrants distribution reinvestment plan. |
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment that specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the SEC and various states is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS DATED OCTOBER 17, 2016
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.
$1,250,000,000 Maximum Offering
$2,000,000 Minimum Offering
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. is a newly organized Maryland corporation that intends to qualify as a real estate investment trust (REIT) beginning with the taxable year ending December 31, 2017. We are externally managed by our advisor, Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of our sponsor, Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC. Our advisor and our sponsor are affiliated with Cantor Fitzgerald, L.P. (Cantor), a diversified organization specializing in financial services and real estate services and finance for institutional customers operating in the global financial and commercial real estate markets. We expect to use substantially all of the net proceeds from this offering to invest in and manage a diversified portfolio of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets. We intend to invest primarily in the acquisition of single-tenant net leased commercial properties located in the United States, United Kingdom and other European countries. We may also originate and invest in loans related to net leased commercial properties and invest in commercial real estate related securities.
We are offering up to $1,000,000,000 in shares of common stock to the public in our primary offering. We are offering shares of three classes of our common stock: Class A, Class T and Class I common stock, which we refer to individually as Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares, and collectively as our common stock. Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares have different upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees, and Class T Shares have an ongoing distribution fee. We will determine our net asset value (NAV) as of the end of each quarter commencing with the first quarter during which the minimum offering requirement is satisfied. Until we commence valuations, the per share purchase price for shares of our common stock in our primary offering will be $26.32 per Class A Share, $25.52 per Class T Share and $25.00 per Class I Share. Thereafter, our board of directors will adjust the offering prices of each class of shares such that the purchase price per share for each class will generally equal the NAV per share as of the most recent valuation date, as determined on a quarterly basis, plus applicable upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees, less applicable support from our sponsor of a portion of selling commissions and dealer manager fees. We may offer shares at a price that we believe reflects the NAV per share of such stock more appropriately than the prior quarter s NAV per share in cases where we believe there has been a material change (positive or negative) to our NAV per share since the end of the prior quarter. The new offering price for each share class will be effective five business days after such share price is disclosed by us. We are also offering up to $250,000,000 in shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. We reserve the right to reallocate the shares we are offering among the classes of common stock and between the primary offering and our distribution reinvestment plan. We currently expect to offer shares of common stock in our primary offering for two years from the date of this prospectus unless extended by our board of directors.
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. See Risk Factors beginning on page 27 to read about risks you should consider before buying shares of our common stock. These risks include the following:
| We have no operating history and very limited assets. This is a blind pool offering and we have not identified any specific investments to acquire. |
| After the first quarterly valuation of our assets is undertaken, the purchase and repurchase price for shares of our common stock will be based on our NAV and will not be based on any public trading market. There can be no assurance that either NAV or the offering price will be an accurate reflection of the fair market value of our assets and liabilities and, following the purchase of properties or other assets, likely will not represent the amount of net proceeds that would result if we were liquidated or dissolved or the amount you would receive upon the sale of your shares. |
| Our organizational documents do not restrict us from paying distributions from any source and do not restrict the amount of distributions we may pay from any source, including offering proceeds. If we pay distributions from sources other than our cash flows from operations, we will have less funds available for investment, borrowings and sales of assets, the overall return to our stockholders may be reduced and subsequent investors will experience dilution. Our distributions, particularly during the period before we have substantially invested the net proceeds from this offering, may exceed our earnings, which would represent a return of capital for tax purposes. |
| No public market currently exists for our shares, and we have no plans to list our shares on an exchange. Unless and until there is a public market for our shares you will have difficulty selling your shares. If you are able to sell your shares, you would likely have to sell them at a substantial loss. |
| The amount and timing of distributions we may pay in the future is uncertain. There is no guarantee of any return and you may lose a part or all of your investment in us. |
| We are not required to pursue or effect a liquidity event within a specified time period or at all. |
| We will pay substantial fees to and reimburse expenses of our advisor and its affiliates. These fees increase your risk of loss. |
| All of our executive officers, some of our directors and other key real estate professionals are also officers, directors, managers and key professionals of our advisor, our dealer manager and other entities affiliated with Cantor, which we refer to as the Cantor Companies. As a result, they will face conflicts of interest, including significant conflicts created by our advisors compensation arrangements with us and other Cantor-advised programs and investors. |
| If we raise substantially less than the maximum offering, we may not be able to invest in a diverse portfolio of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets. |
| We depend on our advisor to select our investments and conduct our operations. Our advisor is a newly-formed entity with no operating history. Therefore, there is no assurance our advisor will be successful. |
| Disruptions in the financial markets and stagnate economic conditions could adversely affect our ability to implement our business strategy and generate returns to you. |
| Our investments will be subject to the risks typically associated with real estate. |
| We expect to make foreign investments and will be susceptible to changes in currency exchange rates, adverse political or economic developments, lack of uniform accounting standards and changes in foreign laws. |
We will not sell any shares unless we raise gross offering proceeds of $2,000,000 by . Persons affiliated with us may purchase our shares in order to satisfy the minimum offering requirements. Pending satisfaction of this condition, all subscription payments will be placed in an account held by the escrow agent, UMB Bank, N.A., in trust for our subscribers benefit, pending release to us. If we do not satisfy the minimum offering requirement, we will promptly return all funds in the escrow account (including interest) and we will stop offering shares. In the event we satisfy the minimum offering requirements, all interest will be paid to us.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Attorney General of the State of New York nor any other state securities regulator has approved or disapproved of our common stock, determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete or passed on or endorsed the merits of this offering. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
This investment involves a high degree of risk. You should purchase these securities only if you can afford a complete loss of your investment. The use of projections or forecasts in this offering is prohibited. No one is permitted to make any oral or written predictions about the cash benefits or tax consequences you will receive from your investment.
Less | Plus | |||||||||||||||||||
Price
to Public (1) |
Selling
Commissions (2) |
Dealer
Manager Fee (2) |
Sponsor
Support (2)(4) |
Net Proceeds (3) | ||||||||||||||||
Primary Offering |
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Per Share of Class A Common Stock |
$ | 26.32 | $ | 1.58 | $ | 0.79 | $ | 1.05 | $ | 25.00 | ||||||||||
Per Share of Class T Common Stock |
$ | 25.52 | $ | 0.77 | $ | 0.77 | $ | 1.02 | $ | 25.00 | ||||||||||
Per Share of Class I Common Stock |
$ | 25.00 | $ | | $ | 0.38 | $ | 0.38 | $ | 25.00 | ||||||||||
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Total Minimum |
$ | 2,000,000 | $ | 78,000 | $ | 57,000 | $ | 75,000 | $ | 1,940,000 | ||||||||||
Total Maximum |
$ | 1,000,000,000 | $ | 39,000,000 | $ | 28,500,000 | $ | 37,500,000 | $ | 970,000,000 | ||||||||||
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Distribution Reinvestment Plan |
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Total Maximum |
$ | 250,000,000 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 250,000,000 | ||||||||||
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Total Maximum Offering |
$ | 1,250,000,000 | $ | 39,000,000 | $ | 28,500,000 | $ | 37,500,000 | $ | 1,220,000,000 | ||||||||||
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(1) | We reserve the right to reallocate the shares of common stock being offered between the primary offering and our distribution reinvestment plan. The price per share shown will apply until we commence valuations. Thereafter, shares of each class will be issued at a price per share generally equal to the prior quarters NAV per share for such class of shares, plus applicable upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees, less applicable sponsor support. |
(2) | Discounts are available for some categories of investors . Reductions in commissions and fees will result in corresponding reductions in the purchase price. Total Maximum amounts assume that 40%, 50% and 10% of the shares sold are Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares, respectively. In addition, these amounts do not include the 1.0% distribution fee payable on Class T Shares purchased in the primary offering, which constitutes underwriting compensation. The total amount of all items of underwriting compensation, from whatever source, payable to underwriters, broker dealers, or affiliates thereof will not exceed an amount equal to 10% of the gross proceeds raised in the primary offering. See Plan of Distribution. |
(3) | Net proceeds are calculated before deducting issuer costs other than selling commissions and dealer manager fees. These issuer costs are expected to consist of, among others, expenses of our organization, legal, bona fide out-of-pocket itemized due diligence expenses, accounting, printing, filing fees, transfer agent costs, postage, escrow fees, data processing fees, advertising and sales literature and other offering-related expenses. |
(4) | Our sponsor has agreed to pay a portion of the underwriting compensation in an amount up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds, consisting of (i) a portion of the selling commissions in the amount of 1.0%, and all of the dealer manager fee in the amount of 3.0%, of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class A Shares and Class T Shares and (ii) all of the dealer manager fee in the amount of 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class I Shares, in each case subject to a reimbursement under certain circumstances. Our sponsor has agreed that under no circumstances may proceeds from this offering be used to pay the sponsor support reimbursement. See Management Compensation. |
Our dealer manager, Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., which is affiliated with our sponsor and our advisor, is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of shares but will use its best efforts to sell the shares offered. The minimum permitted purchase is $2,500. We currently expect to offer shares of common stock in our primary offering two years from the date of this prospectus, unless extended by our board of directors for up to an additional one year or beyond, as permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission. If we decide to extend the primary offering period, we will provide that information in a prospectus supplement. We may continue to offer shares under our distribution reinvestment plan after the primary offering terminates until we have sold $250,000,000 in shares through the reinvestment of distributions. In many states, we will need to renew the registration statement or file a new registration statement annually to continue the offering. We may terminate this offering at any time.
We are an emerging growth company under the federal securities laws and will be subject to reduced public company reporting requirements.
The date of this prospectus is [ ● ].
The shares we are offering through this prospectus are suitable only as a long-term investment for persons of adequate financial means and who have no need for liquidity in this investment. Because there is no public market for our shares, you will have difficulty selling your shares.
In consideration of these factors, we have established suitability standards for investors in this offering and subsequent purchasers of our shares. These suitability standards require that a purchaser of shares have either:
| a net worth of at least $250,000; or |
| gross annual income of at least $70,000 and a net worth of at least $70,000. |
The states listed below have established suitability requirements that are in addition to ours and investors in these states are directed to the following special suitability standards:
| Alabama Alabama investors must represent that, in addition to meeting our suitability standards listed above, they have a liquid net worth of at least ten times their investment in us and our affiliates. |
| California A California investor must have a net worth of at least $350,000 or, in the alternative, an annual gross income of at least $70,000 and a net worth of $150,000, and the total investment in our offering may not exceed 10% of the investors net worth. |
| Idaho Investors who reside in the state of Idaho must have either: (i) a liquid net worth of $85,000 and annual income of $85,000 or (ii) a liquid net worth of $300,000. Additionally, an Idahos investors total investment in us shall not exceed 10% of his or her liquid net worth. Liquid net worth is defined for purposes of this investment as that portion of net worth consisting of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. |
| Iowa In addition to our suitability requirements, an Iowa investor must have either: (i) a minimum net worth of $350,000 (exclusive of home, auto and furnishings); or (ii) a minimum annual gross income of $70,000 and a net worth of $100,000 (exclusive of home, auto and furnishings). In addition, an investors total investment in our shares or any of our affiliates, and the shares of any other non-exchange-traded REIT, cannot exceed 10% of the Iowa residents liquid net worth. Liquid net worth for purposes of this investment shall consist of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. |
| Kansas It is recommended by the Office of the Kansas Securities Commissioner that Kansas investors not invest, in the aggregate, more than 10% of their liquid net worth in this and other non-traded real estate investment trusts. Liquid net worth is defined as that portion of net worth which consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. |
| Kentucky A Kentucky investors aggregate investment in our offering may not exceed 10% of the investors net worth. |
| Maine The Maine Office of Securities recommends that an investors aggregate investment in this offering and similar direct participation investments not exceed 10% of the investors liquid net worth. For this purpose, liquid net worth is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. |
| Massachusetts Massachusetts investors may not invest, in the aggregate, more than 10% of their liquid net worth in this and similar direct participation investments. |
| Missouri A Missouri investors aggregate investment in our offering may not exceed 10% of the investors liquid net worth. |
| Nebraska Nebraska investors must (i) have either (a) an annual gross income of at least $100,000 and a net worth of at least $100,000, or (b) a net worth of at least $350,000; and (ii) limit their investment in us and in the securities of other non-publicly traded REITs to 10% of such investors net worth (exclusive of home, home furnishings, and automobiles). Investors who are accredited investors within the meaning of the federal securities laws are not subject to the foregoing investment concentration limit. |
| Nevada A Nevada investors aggregate investment in us must not exceed 10% of the investors net worth (exclusive of home, furnishings and automobiles). |
| New Jersey New Jersey investors must have either, (a) a minimum liquid net worth of at least $100,000 and a minimum annual gross income of not less than $85,000, or (b) a minimum liquid net worth of at least $350,000. For these purposes, liquid net worth is defined as that portion of net worth (total assets exclusive of home, home furnishings, and automobiles, minus total liabilities) that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. In addition, a New Jersey investors investment in us, our affiliates, and other non-publicly traded direct investment programs (including real estate investment trusts, business development companies, oil and gas programs, equipment leasing programs and commodity pools, but excluding unregistered, federally and state exempt private offerings) may not exceed ten percent (10%) of his or her liquid net worth. |
| New Mexico A New Mexico investors aggregate investment in our offering, the offerings of our affiliates and the offerings of other non-traded REITs may not exceed 10% of the investors liquid net worth. |
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| North Dakota North Dakota residents must represent that, in addition to the suitability standards listed above, they have a net worth of at least ten times their investment in us. |
| Oregon An Oregon investors aggregate investment in us may not exceed 10% of the investors liquid net worth. |
| Pennsylvania A Pennsylvania investors aggregate investment in our offering may not exceed 10% of the investors net worth |
| Tennessee In addition to our suitability requirements, Tennessee residents investment must not exceed ten percent (10%) of their liquid net worth (excluding the value of an investors home, furnishings and automobiles). |
| Vermont In addition to the suitability standards described above, non-accredited Vermont investors may not purchase an amount in this offering that exceeds 10% of the investors liquid net worth. For these purposes, liquid net worth is defined as an investors total assets (not including home, home furnishings, or automobiles) minus total liabilities. |
For purposes of determining the suitability of an investor, net worth (total assets minus total liabilities) in all cases should be calculated excluding the value of an investors home, home furnishings and automobiles. Liquid net worth is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. In the case of sales to fiduciary accounts (such as individual retirement accounts, or IRAs, Keogh Plans or pension or profit-sharing plans), these suitability standards must be met by the fiduciary account, by the person who directly or indirectly supplied the funds for the purchase of the shares if such person is the fiduciary or by the beneficiary of the account.
Our sponsor, those selling shares on our behalf and participating broker-dealers and registered investment advisors recommending the purchase of shares in this offering must make every reasonable effort to determine that the purchase of shares in this offering is a suitable and appropriate investment for each stockholder based on information provided by the stockholder regarding the stockholders financial situation and investment objectives. See Plan of Distribution Suitability Standards for a detailed discussion of the determinations regarding suitability that we require.
Investors who meet the suitability standards described herein may purchase shares of our common stock. See Suitability Standards and Plan of Distribution for the suitability standards. Investors seeking to purchase shares of our common stock should proceed as follows:
| Read this entire prospectus and any appendices and supplements accompanying this prospectus. |
| Complete the execution copy of the applicable subscription agreement. A specimen copy of the subscription agreement, including instructions for completing it, is included in this prospectus as Appendix A. Each subscription agreement includes representations covering, among other things, suitability. |
| Deliver a check for the full purchase price of the shares of our common stock being subscribed for along with the completed subscription agreement to the soliciting broker dealer. Initially, your check should be made payable to UMB Bank, N.A., as escrow agent for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., or UMB Bank, N.A., as escrow agent for Rodin Global Property Trust. After we meet the minimum offering requirements, your check should be made payable to Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. or Rodin Global Property Trust. |
By executing the subscription agreement and paying the total purchase price for the shares of our common stock subscribed for, each investor agrees to accept the terms of the subscription agreement and attests that the investor meets the minimum income and net worth standards as described in this prospectus. Subscriptions will be effective only upon our acceptance, and we reserve the right to reject any subscription in whole or in part. Subscriptions will be accepted or rejected within 30 days of receipt by us and, if rejected, all funds shall be returned to subscribers without interest and without deduction for any expenses within 10 business days from the date the subscription is rejected, or as soon thereafter as practicable. We are not permitted to accept a subscription for shares of our common stock until at least five business days after the date you receive the final prospectus, as declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission, which we refer to as the SEC, as supplemented and amended. If we accept your subscription, our transfer agent will mail you a confirmation.
An approved trustee must process and forward to us subscriptions made through individual retirement accounts, or IRAs, Keogh plans and 401(k) plans. In the case of investments through IRAs, Keogh plans and 401(k) plans, we will send the confirmation and notice of our acceptance to the trustee.
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APPENDIX A: FORM OF SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT WITH INSTRUCTIONS |
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The market data and information included in this prospectus in the section titled Market Opportunity is comprised of the market study prepared for us by Rosen Consulting Group, or RCG, a national commercial real estate advisory company in September 2016. We have paid RCG a fee for such services. Such information is included herein in reliance on RCGs authority as an expert on such matters. See Experts. The company believes the data prepared by RCG is reliable, but it has not independently verified this information. Any forecasts prepared by RCG are based on data (including third party data), models and experience of various professionals, and are based on various assumptions, all of which are subject to change without notice. There is no assurance that any of the forecasts will be achieved.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THIS OFFERING
What is Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.?
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. is a newly organized Maryland corporation that intends to qualify as a real estate investment trust (REIT) beginning with the taxable year ending December 31, 2017. We are externally managed by Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of our sponsor, Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC. We are a commercial real estate company formed to invest in and manage a diversified portfolio of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets. We intend to invest primarily in the acquisition of single-tenant net leased commercial properties located in the United States, United Kingdom and other European countries. We may also originate and invest in loans related to net leased commercial properties and invest in commercial real estate related securities.
We were incorporated in the State of Maryland on February 2, 2016 under the name Rodin Global Access Property Trust, Inc. On September 12, 2016, we changed our name to Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. We have not yet made any investments. Because we have not yet identified any specific assets to originate or acquire, we are considered to be a blind pool.
We plan to own substantially all of our assets and conduct our operations through Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP, which we refer to as our operating partnership in this prospectus. We are the sole general partner and limited partner of the operating partnership and our sponsors wholly owned subsidiary, Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC, is the sole special unit holder of the operating partnership. Except where the context suggests otherwise, the terms we, us, our and our company refer to Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, including the operating partnership and its subsidiaries, and all assets held through such subsidiaries.
Our external advisor, Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC, which we refer to as our advisor in this prospectus, will conduct our operations and manage our portfolio of investments. We have no paid employees. Our advisor is affiliated with Cantor, a diversified organization specializing in financial services and real estate services and finance for institutional customers operating in the global financial and commercial real estate markets. We believe that our affiliation with Cantor provides us with unique insight and in-depth knowledge of global financial markets and local real estate dynamics. In addition, we believe our advisors affiliation with Newmark will provide us with access to potential investment opportunities, many of which we believe will not be available to our competitors.
Our office is located at 110 E. 59 th Street, New York, NY 10022. Our telephone number is (212) 938-5000, and our web site address is www. rodinglobalpropertytrust .com .
What is a REIT?
In general, a REIT is an entity that:
| combines the capital of many investors to acquire or provide financing for real estate and real estate-related investments; |
| allows individual investors to invest in a professionally managed, large-scale, diversified portfolio of real estate-related investments; |
| pays distributions to investors of at least 90% of its annual REIT taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding net capital gain); and |
| avoids the double taxation treatment of income that normally results from investments in a corporation because a REIT is not generally subject to federal corporate income taxes on that portion of its income distributed to its stockholders, provided certain income tax requirements are satisfied. |
Under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Internal Revenue Code), REITs are subject to numerous organizational and operational requirements. If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any year after electing REIT status, our income will be taxed at regular corporate rates, and we may be precluded from qualifying for treatment as a REIT for the four-year period following the year in which we fail to qualify. Even if we qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we may still be subject to state and local taxes on our income and property and to federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed income. We are not currently qualified as a REIT. However, we intend to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with the taxable year ending December 31, 2017.
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What is an UPREIT?
We plan to own substantially all of our assets and conduct our operations, directly or indirectly, through a limited partnership called Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP, or our operating partnership. We refer to partnership interests and special partnership interests in our operating partnership, respectively, as common units and special units. We are the sole general partner and limited partner of the operating partnership and our sponsors wholly owned subsidiary, Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC, is the sole special unit holder of the operating partnership. Because we conduct substantially all of our operations through an operating partnership, we are organized as an umbrella partnership real estate investment trust, or UPREIT.
What kind of offering is this?
We are offering up to $1,250,000,000 in shares of common stock on a best efforts basis. We are offering $1,000,000,000 in shares in our primary offering . We will not sell any shares unless we have raised gross offering proceeds of $2,000,000 by the date that is one year from the date of this prospectus. We refer to this threshold as the minimum offering requirement. Commencing with the first quarter during which the minimum offering requirement is satisfied, our board of directors will determine our NAV for each class of our shares as of the end of each such quarter. We expect such determination ordinarily will be made within 45 days after each such completed fiscal quarter. Until we commence quarterly valuations of our assets, we will sell our shares on a continuous basis at a price of $26.32 per Class A Share, $25.52 per Class T Share and $25.00 per Class I Share. Thereafter, our board of directors will adjust the offering prices of each class of shares such that the purchase price per share for each class will generally equal the NAV per share as of the most recent valuation date, as determined on a quarterly basis, plus applicable upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees, less applicable sponsor support. We expect that we will ordinarily publish any adjustment to the NAV and the corresponding adjustments to the offering prices of our shares on or around the 45 th day following each completed fiscal quarter. We may offer shares at a price that we believe reflects the NAV per share of such stock more appropriately than the prior quarters NAV per share in cases where we believe there has been a material change (positive or negative) to our NAV per share since the end of the prior quarter. The new offering price for each share class will become effective five business days after such share price is disclosed by us. Our investors who have not received notification of acceptance of their subscription agreements prior to our publication of the new offering prices may withdraw their purchase request during the five business day period immediately prior to the effectiveness of the new purchase price by notifying the transfer agent, through their financial intermediary or directly on our toll-free, automated telephone line, 855-9-CANTOR. The purchase price per share to be paid by each investor will be equal to the price that is in effect on the date that his or her completed subscription agreement has been accepted by our dealer manager. Volume discounts are available to investors who purchase in a single transaction more than (i) $500,000 in Class A Shares or (ii) $1.0 million in Class T Shares. Discounts are also available for investors who purchase shares through certain distribution channels. We are offering up to $250,000,000 in shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan at an initial purchase price equal to $25.00 per Class A, Class T and Class I Share and the then current NAV per share of such class of shares once we commence valuations. We reserve the right to reallocate the shares we are offering among our classes of common stock and between the primary offering and our distribution reinvestment plan.
How will your NAV per share be calculated?
Our NAV will be calculated quarterly based on the net asset values of our investments (including securities investments), the addition of any other assets (such as cash on hand) and the deduction of any liabilities. With the approval of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, we will engage an independent valuation firm (the Independent Valuation Firm) to serve as our independent valuation firm with respect to the quarterly valuation of our assets and liabilities and to calculate our NAV. Periodic real property appraisals will serve as the foundation of the Independent Valuation Firms valuation. The valuations of our properties will be updated quarterly, based on the most recent annual third-party appraisals and current market data and other relevant information, with review and confirmation for reasonableness by our advisor. Our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, may replace the Independent Valuation Firm with another third party or retain another third-party firm to calculate the NAV for each of our share classes, if it is deemed appropriate to do so. The advisor is responsible for reviewing and confirming our NAV, and overseeing the process around the calculation of our NAV, in each case, as performed by the Independent Valuation Firm.
See Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Procedures for more information regarding the calculation of our NAV per share of each class and how our properties and real estate-related securities will be valued.
How does a best efforts offering work?
When shares are offered on a best efforts basis, the dealer manager is required to use only its best efforts to sell the shares and it has no firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of the shares. Therefore, we may sell substantially less than the all of the shares that we are offering.
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What is the difference between the Class A, Class T and Class I Shares Being Offered?
We are offering to the public three classes of shares of our common stock, Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares. The differences between each class relate to the offering price per share, upfront commissions and other underwriting compensation payable in respect of such class as further described below:
| Class A Shares have higher front-end fees in the form of selling commissions compared to Class T Shares. These fees are paid at the time of the purchase of the Class A Shares in the primary offering. There are no distribution fees paid on Class A Shares. |
| Class T Shares have lower front-end fees paid at the time of the purchase of the Class T Shares in the primary offering compared to Class A Shares. Subject to, among other things, the 10% limit on underwriting compensation, we also will pay an ongoing distribution fee in an amount equal to 1.0% per annum of the then current primary offering price per Class T Share (or, in certain cases, the amount of our NAV per share) payable on a monthly basis. This fee is not paid on Class A Shares and will result in the per share distributions on Class T Shares being less than the per share distributions on Class A Shares or Class I Shares. There is no assurance that we will pay distributions in any particular amount, if at all. |
| Class I Shares have the lowest front-end fees with no selling commissions, a lower dealer manager fee than Class A Shares and Class T Shares in the amount of 1.5% and no distribution fee. |
Our Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares are available for different categories of investors. Class A Shares and Class T Shares are available to the general public. Class I Shares are available for purchase in this offering only (1) by institutional accounts as defined by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, Rule 4512(c), (2) through bank-sponsored collective trusts and bank-sponsored common trusts, (3) by retirement plans (including a trustee or custodian under any deferred compensation or pension or profit sharing plan or payroll deduction IRA established for the benefit of the employees of any company), foundations or endowments, (4) through certain financial intermediaries that are not otherwise registered with or as a broker-dealer and that direct clients to trade with a broker-dealer that offers Class I Shares, (5) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act as a fiduciary for its clients or customers, (6) by our sponsor, our advisor, our executive officers and directors, as well as officers and employees of our sponsor and our advisor and our sponsors and advisors affiliates and their respective immediate family members and (7) by any other categories of purchasers described in the section titled Plan of Distribution or that we name in an amendment or supplement to this prospectus.
If you are eligible to purchase any of the classes of shares, then in most cases you should consider, among other things, the amount of your investment, the length of time you intend to hold the shares, the selling commission and fees attributable to each class of shares and whether you qualify for any selling commission discounts if you elect to purchase Class A Shares or Class T Shares. Before making your investment decision, please consult with your financial advisor regarding your account type and the classes of common stock you may be eligible to purchase.
Our sponsor has agreed to pay a portion of the underwriting compensation in an amount up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds, consisting of (i) a portion of the selling commissions in the amount of 1.0%, and all of the dealer manager fees in the amount of 3.0%, of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class A Shares and Class T Shares and (ii) all of the dealer manager fee in the amount of 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class I Shares, in each case subject to a reimbursement under certain circumstances. See Description of Shares and Plan of Distribution for a discussion of the differences between our Class A, Class T and Class I Shares.
The following summarizes the differences in fees and selling commissions among the classes of our common stock.
Class A | Class T | Class I | ||||||||||
Initial Offering Price (1) |
$ | 26.32 | $ | 25.52 | $ | 25.00 | ||||||
Sponsor Support of Selling Commissions and Dealer
|
4.0 | % | 4.0 | % | 1.5 | % | ||||||
Selling Commission (3 ) |
(6.0 | )% | (3.0 | )% | | |||||||
Dealer Manager Fee (3 ) |
(3.0 | )% | (3.0 | )% | (1.5 | )% | ||||||
Distribution Fee (4 ) |
| (1.0 | )% ( 4 ) | |
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(1) | The price per share shown will apply until we commence quarterly valuations. Thereafter, shares of each class will be issued at a price per share generally equal to the prior quarters NAV per share for such class of shares, plus applicable upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees, less applicable sponsor support. |
(2) | Our sponsor has agreed to pay a portion of the underwriting compensation in an amount up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds, consisting of (i) a portion of the selling commissions in the amount of 1.0%, and all of the dealer manager fees in the amount of 3.0%, of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class A Shares and Class T Shares and (ii) all of the dealer manager fee in the amount of 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class I Shares, in each case subject to a reimbursement under certain circumstances. Our sponsor has agreed that under no circumstances may proceeds from this offering be used to pay any reimbursement for the sponsor support. See Management Compensation. |
(3) | Before giving effect to sponsor support payment of selling commissions and dealer manager fees. |
(4) | The distribution fee is calculated on outstanding Class T Shares issued in the primary offering in an amount equal to 1.0% per annum of the gross offering price per share (or, if we are no longer offering shares in a public offering, the most recently published per share NAV of Class T Shares). We will cease paying distribution fees with respect to each Class T Share on the earliest to occur of the following: (i) a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange; (ii) such Class T Share is no longer outstanding; (iii) our dealer managers determination that total underwriting compensation from all sources, including dealer manager fees, selling commissions (including sponsor support of 4.0% of selling commissions and dealer manager fees), distribution fees and any other underwriting compensation paid to participating broker dealers with respect to all Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares would be in excess of 10% of the gross proceeds of the primary portion of this offering; or (iv) the end of the month in which the transfer agent, on our behalf, determines that total underwriting compensation with respect to the Class T primary shares held by a stockholder within his or her particular account, including dealer manager fees, selling commissions (including sponsor support of 4.0% of selling commissions and dealer manager fees), and distribution fees, would be in excess of 10% of the total gross offering price at the time of the investment in the Class T Shares held in such account. We cannot predict if or when this will occur. All Class T Shares will automatically convert into Class A Shares upon a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange. With respect to item (iv) above, all of the Class T Shares held in a stockholders account will automatically convert into Class A Shares as of the last calendar day of the month in which the transfer agent determines that the 10% limit on a particular account is reached. With respect to the conversion of Class T Shares into Class A Shares, each Class T Share will convert into a number of Class A Shares based on the respective net asset value per share for each class. Stockholders will receive notice that their Class T Shares have been converted into Class A Shares in accordance with industry practice at that time, which we expect to be either a transaction confirmation from the transfer agent, notification from the transfer agent or notification through the next account statement following the conversion. We currently expect that the conversion will be on a one-for-one basis, as we expect the net asset value per share of each Class A Share and Class T Share to be the same, except in the unlikely event that the distribution fees payable by us exceed the amount otherwise available for distribution to holders of Class T Shares in a particular period (prior to the deduction of the distribution fees), in which case the excess will be accrued as a reduction to the net asset value per share of each Class T Share. Although we cannot predict the length of time over which this fee will be paid due to potential changes in the estimated net asset value of our Class T Shares, this fee would be paid over approximately 4 years from the date of purchase, assuming a constant per share offering price or estimated net asset value, as applicable, of $25.52 per Class T Share. See Description of Shares. |
The fees and expenses listed above will be payable on a class-specific basis. The per share amount of distributions on Class A Shares and Class I Shares will differ from Class T Shares because of different class-specific expenses. Specifically, distributions paid with respect to all Class T Shares, including those issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, will be lower than those paid with respect to Class A Shares and Class I Shares because the amount available for distributions on all Class T Shares will be reduced by the amount of distribution fees payable with respect to the Class T Shares issued in the primary offering. See Questions and Answers About this Offering and Description of Shares for more information concerning the differences between the Class A Shares and the Class T Shares.
What is the sponsor support of certain selling commissions and the dealer manager fees?
Our sponsor has agreed to pay a portion of the underwriting compensation in an amount up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds, consisting of (i) a portion of the selling commissions in the amount of 1.0%, and all of the dealer manager fees in the amount of 3.0%, of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class A Shares and Class T Shares and (ii) all of the dealer manager fee in the amount of 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class I Shares, in each case subject to a reimbursement under certain circumstances. This will result in a reduction in the total selling commissions and dealer manager fees that we will pay in connection with the primary offering. Cantor has agreed to provide funding to the sponsor for the payment of a portion of the underwriting compensation as well as to purchase shares pursuant to the distribution support agreement, referred to as sponsor support. Our sponsor has agreed that under no circumstances may proceeds from this offering be used to pay the sponsor support reimbursement. See Management Compensation.
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How will you use the proceeds raised in this offering?
We expect to use substantially all of the net proceeds from our primary offering of $1,000,000,000 in shares to invest in and manage a diversified portfolio of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets. After giving effect to sponsor payment of a portion of selling commissions and dealer manager fees in the amount of up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering, depending primarily upon the number of shares we sell in our primary offering and assuming that 40%, 50% and 10% of the shares sold in the primary offering are Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares, respectively, and all shares are sold at the initial price of $26.32 per Class A Share, $25.52 per Class T Share and $25.00 per Class I Share, we estimate that we will use between 96.0% (assuming no shares available pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan are sold) and 96.6% (assuming all shares available to our distribution reinvestment plan are sold) of the gross proceeds from the primary offering for investments, assuming in each case that we raise the maximum offering amount. We will use the remainder of the gross proceeds from the primary offering to pay offering expenses, including selling commissions dealer manager fees and issuer organization and offering costs. Our cash flow from operations may be insufficient to fully fund distributions to our stockholders, particularly during the period before we have substantially invested the net proceeds from this offering. Therefore, some or all of our distributions may be paid from other sources, such as proceeds from our borrowings, proceeds from this offering, cash advances by our advisor, cash resulting from a waiver or deferral of fees and/or proceeds from the sale of assets. We have not placed a cap on the amount of our distributions that may be paid from proceeds from this offering or any of these other sources. Distributions paid from sources other than current or accumulated earnings and profits may constitute a return of capital. Until we invest the proceeds of this offering in income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets, we may invest in short-term, highly liquid or other authorized investments. Such short-term investments will not earn as high of a return as we expect to earn on our real estate-related investments, and we may not be able to invest the proceeds in real estate-related investments promptly.
We expect to use substantially all of the net proceeds from the sale of shares under our distribution reinvestment plan for general corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, the repurchase of shares under our share repurchase program.
What is the role of the board of directors?
We operate under the direction of our board of directors, the members of which are accountable to us and our stockholders as fiduciaries. Prior to the time we commence this offering, we expect to have five members of our board of directors, three of whom will be independent of us, our advisor and our respective affiliates. Our charter provides that a majority of our directors must be independent of us, our advisor and our respective affiliates except for a period of 60 days after the death, resignation or removal of an independent director pending the election of his or her successor. Our directors are elected annually by the stockholders.
Who is your advisor and what will the advisor do?
Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC is our advisor. Our advisor will manage our day-to-day operations and our portfolio of real estate-related investments on our behalf, all subject to the supervision of our board of directors. Our advisor has a highly experienced management team of investment professionals with experience ranging from 25 to 27 years acquiring, originating, managing and/or distributing investments consistent with our strategy. The management team includes executives with significant investment, operational and management experience in real estate related investments. Our advisor and its team of real estate professionals and those of its affiliates will be responsible for most of the decisions regarding the selection, negotiation, financing and disposition of investments. Our advisor also has the authority to make all of the decisions regarding our investments, subject to the limitations in our charter and the direction and oversight of our board of directors. Our advisor will also provide asset-management, marketing, investor-relations and other administrative services on our behalf.
What are the potential conflicts of interest that will be faced by your advisor and its affiliates?
Our advisor and its affiliates will experience conflicts of interest in connection with the management of our business. Our advisor is an indirect subsidiary of Cantor and is organized to provide asset management and other services to us. Cantor also controls CCRE, BGC (which includes Newmark) and a number of other financial services businesses, including our dealer manager. Our executive officers and certain of our directors are also officers, directors and managers of our advisors and its affiliates and in some cases, other Cantor Companies. See Conflicts of Interest.
What is the experience of your sponsor?
Our sponsor is a newly-formed Delaware limited liability company and an affiliate of Cantor. Founded in 1945, Cantor is a diversified organization specializing in financial services and real estate services and finance for institutional customers operating in the global financial and commercial real estate markets. We believe that our affiliation with Cantor provides us with unique insight and in-depth knowledge of global financial markets and local real estate dynamics. In addition, we believe our advisors affiliation with Newmark will provide us with access to potential investment opportunities, many of which we believe will not be available to our competitors.
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How many investments do you currently own?
We currently do not own any investments and have very limited assets. Because we have not yet identified any specific assets to acquire, we are considered to be a blind pool. As significant investments become probable, we will supplement this prospectus to provide information regarding the likely investment. We will also supplement this prospectus to provide information regarding material changes to our portfolio, including the closing of significant asset originations or acquisitions.
Will the distributions I receive be taxable as ordinary income?
Yes and No. Generally, distributions that you receive, including distributions that are reinvested pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, will be taxed as ordinary income to the extent they are from current or accumulated earnings and profits. Participants in our distribution reinvestment plan will also be treated for tax purposes as having received an additional distribution to the extent that they purchase shares under the distribution reinvestment plan at a discount to fair market value, if any. As a result, participants in our distribution reinvestment plan may have tax liability with respect to their share of our taxable income, but they will not receive cash distributions to pay such liability.
To the extent any portion of your distribution is not from current or accumulated earnings and profits, it will not be subject to tax immediately; it will be considered a return of capital for tax purposes and will reduce the tax basis of your investment (and potentially result in taxable gain). Distributions that constitute a return of capital, in effect, defer a portion of your tax until your investment is sold or we are liquidated, at which time you will be taxed at capital gains rates. However, because each investors tax considerations are different, we suggest that you consult with your tax advisor.
How long will this offering last?
We currently expect to offer shares of common stock in our primary offering for two years from the date of this prospectus; however, if we have not sold all primary shares registered in this offering by that time, our board of directors may determine to continue the primary offering for up to an additional one year or beyond as permitted by SEC rules. We may continue to offer shares under our distribution reinvestment plan after the primary offering terminates until we have sold $250,000,000 in shares through the reinvestment of distributions. In many states, we will need to renew the registration statement or file a new registration statement annually to continue the offering. We may terminate this offering at any time.
If our board of directors determines that it is in our best interest, we may conduct a follow-on public offering upon the termination of this offering; however, we do not currently intend to commence any such follow-on public offering. Our charter does not restrict our ability to conduct offerings in the future.
Who can buy shares?
An investment in our shares is only suitable for persons who have adequate financial means and who will not need immediate liquidity from their investment. Residents of most states may buy shares in this offering provided that they have either (i) a net worth of at least $70,000 and an annual gross income of at least $70,000 or (ii) a net worth of at least $250,000. For the purpose of determining suitability, net worth does not include an investors home, home furnishings or personal automobiles. Certain states have more stringent suitability requirements. See Suitability Standards.
Who might benefit from an investment in our shares?
An investment in our shares may be beneficial for you if you meet the minimum suitability standards described in this prospectus, seek to diversify your personal portfolio with a REIT investment focused on income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets, seek to preserve capital, seek to receive regular income, seek to obtain the benefits of the potential growth in the value of our investments and are able to hold your investment for a time period consistent with our liquidity strategy. On the other hand, we caution persons who require immediate liquidity or guaranteed income, or who seek a short-term investment, that an investment in our shares will not meet those needs.
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What are the major risks associated with an investment in our shares of common stock?
We have no operating history and our advisor, whom we will depend on to select our investments and conduct our operations, is also a newly-formed company. Because this is a blind-pool offering, we have not identified any investments to acquire and you will not have the opportunity to evaluate our investments before we make them. After the first quarterly valuation of our assets is completed, the purchase and repurchase price for shares of our common stock will be based on our NAV and will not be based on any public trading market. Neither NAV nor the offering price may be an accurate reflection of the fair market value of our assets and liabilities and likely will not represent the amount of net proceeds that would result if we were liquidated or dissolved or the amount you would receive upon the sale of your shares. Our organizational documents do not restrict us from paying distributions from any source and do not restrict the amount of distributions we may pay from any source, including offering proceeds. If we pay distributions from sources other than our cash flows from operations, we will have less funds available for investment, borrowings and the overall return to our stockholders may be reduced and subsequent investors will experience dilution. No public market currently exists for our shares, and we have no plans to list our shares on an exchange. Unless and until there is a public market for our shares you will have difficulty selling your shares. The amount and timing of distributions we may pay in the future is uncertain. There is no guarantee of any return and you may lose a part or all of your investment in us. We are not required to pursue or effect a liquidity event within a specified time period or at all. You should carefully review the Risk Factors section of this prospectus which contains a detailed discussion of the material risks that you should consider before you invest in shares of our common stock.
Is there any minimum investment required?
Yes. We require a minimum investment of $2,500. After you have satisfied the minimum investment requirement, any additional purchases must be in increments of at least $100. The investment minimum for subsequent purchases does not apply to shares purchased pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan.
Are there any special restrictions on the ownership or transfer of shares?
Yes. Our charter contains restrictions on the ownership of our shares that prevent any one person from owning more than 9.8% in value of the aggregate of our outstanding shares of stock or more than 9.8% in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the aggregate of our outstanding shares of common stock unless exempted (prospectively or retroactively) by our board of directors. These restrictions are designed to enable us to comply with ownership restrictions imposed on REITs by the Internal Revenue Code.
Our charter also limits your ability to sell your shares. Subsequent purchasers, i.e., potential purchasers of your shares, may also be required to meet the net worth or income standards, and unless you are transferring all of your shares, you may not transfer your shares in a manner that causes you or your transferee to own fewer than the number of shares required to meet the minimum purchase requirements, except for the following transfers without consideration: transfer by gift, transfer by inheritance, intrafamily transfer, dissolutions, transfers to affiliates and transfers by operation of law.
May I make an investment through my IRA, SEP or other tax-deferred account?
Yes. You may make an investment through your individual retirement account (IRA), a simplified employee pension (SEP) plan or other tax-deferred account. In making these investment decisions, you should consider, at a minimum, (i) whether the investment is in accordance with the documents and instruments governing your IRA, plan or other account, (ii) whether the investment satisfies the fiduciary requirements associated with your IRA, plan or other account, (iii) whether the investment will generate UBTI to your IRA, plan or other account, (iv) whether there is sufficient liquidity for such investment under your IRA, plan or other account, (v) the need to value the assets of your IRA, plan or other account annually or more frequently, and (vi) whether the investment would constitute a prohibited transaction under applicable law.
Will I be notified of how my investment is doing?
Yes, we will provide you with periodic updates on the performance of your investment in us, including:
| an annual report; |
| supplements to the prospectus, provided quarterly during the primary offering; and |
| three quarterly financial reports. |
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We will provide this information to you via one or more of the following methods, in our discretion and with your consent, if necessary:
| U.S. mail or other courier; |
| facsimile; |
| electronic delivery; or |
| posting on our website at www. rodinglobalpropertytrust .com . |
When will I get my detailed tax information?
Your Form 1099-DIV tax information, if required, will be mailed by January 31 of each year.
Who can help answer my questions about the offering?
If you have more questions about the offering, or if you would like additional copies of this prospectus, you should contact your registered representative or contact:
Cantor Fitzgerald & Co.
110 E. 59th Street
New York, NY 10022
Telephone: 855-9-CANTOR
www. rodinglobalpropertytrust .com
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This prospectus summary summarizes information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. Because it is a summary, it may not contain all the information that is important to you. To fully understand this offering, you should carefully read this entire prospectus, including the Risk Factors. Except where the context suggests otherwise, the terms company, we, us, our, and the Company refer to Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation, and its subsidiaries; advisor refers to Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, our external advisor; sponsor refers to Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company; Parent or Cantor refers to Cantor Fitzgerald, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership; and dealer manager refers to Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., a New York general partnership.
Our Company
We are a commercial real estate company formed to invest in and manage a diversified portfolio of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets. We intend to invest primarily in the acquisition of single-tenant net leased commercial properties located in the United States, United Kingdom and other European countries. We may also originate and invest in loans related to net leased commercial properties and invest in commercial real estate related securities.
We have no employees. We have retained Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC, our advisor, to manage our affairs on a day-to-day basis. Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. serves as the dealer manager of the Offering. The advisor and dealer manager are under common control with Cantor, the parent of Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC, our sponsor, as a result of which they are related parties and each of them has received or will receive compensation and fees for services related to the offering, the investment and management of our assets, our operations and potential liquidity event for our company.
In connection with the performance of its duties, we believe that our advisor will benefit from the resources, relationships and expertise of its ultimate parent, Cantor Fitzgerald, L.P. Cantor is a diversified organization specializing in financial services and real estate services and finance for institutional customers operating in the global financial and commercial real estate markets. Over the past 70 years, Cantor has successfully built a well-capitalized business across multiple and growing business lines with numerous market-leading financial services products and commercial real estate businesses. Cantor operates through four business lines: Capital Markets and Investment Banking; Inter-Dealer Brokerage; Real Estate Brokerage and Finance; and Private Equity. Cantors Real Estate Brokerage and Finance business principally consists of commercial real estate brokerage and finance services, conducted by Newmark Grubb Knight Frank (Newmark) and Cantor Commercial Real Estate (CCRE). Newmark offers a range of services, including leasing and corporate advisory, property management and investment sales to real estate tenants, owners, investors and developers. CCRE originates and securitizes commercial mortgage loans collateralized by diverse commercial real estate assets throughout the United States. Newmark is a division of BGC Partners, Inc. (BGC), which is a subsidiary of Cantor and is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol BGCP. Cantor owns a controlling interest in BGC. CCRE is a joint venture with certain institutional investors sponsored and managed by Cantor. As of December 31, 2015, Cantor had approximately 10,000 employees operating in most major financial centers throughout the world.
We believe that the commercial real estate investment experience of our advisors senior management team along with their access to investment opportunities, when combined with our affiliation with Cantor, will benefit us in meeting our investment objectives.
Our Strengths
We believe that our strengths include (i) our affiliation with Cantor, including its capital markets expertise and research capabilities (ii) our advisor personnels extensive real estate related expertise, (iii) our advisors extensive sourcing capabilities, (iv) our advisors experienced management team, and (v) our sponsors commitment to support distributions and to pay certain selling commissions and dealer manager fees.
Our Affiliation with Cantor Our affiliation with Cantor provides us with unique insight and in-depth knowledge of global financial markets and local real estate dynamics. In addition, we believe our advisors affiliation with Newmark will provide us with access to potential investment opportunities, many of which we believe will not be available to our competitors.
Cantor is a diversified organization specializing in financial services and real estate services and finance for institutional customers operating in the global financial and commercial real estate markets. Cantors major business lines include Capital Markets and Investment Banking and Real Estate Brokerage and Finance.
Through our advisor, we can draw on Cantors established expertise within the global capital markets, providing us with a unique perspective on fixed income trends, pricing, and liquidity. Cantors Capital Markets and Investment Banking business is
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focused on serving institutional customers, including insurance companies, asset managers, Fortune 500 companies, middle market companies, investment advisors, regional broker-dealers, small and mid-sized banks, hedge funds, REITs and specialty investment firms. This business operates primarily through Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., which is one of only 23 primary dealers permitted to trade U.S. government securities directly with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Cantors Investment Banking division underwrites public and private offerings of equity and debt securities and provides financial advisory services to clients in connection with mergers and acquisitions, restructurings and other transactions. Cantors capital markets expertise includes a focus on commercial real estate.
Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., acted as a co-lead manager or co-manager on the issuance of 44 fixed rate Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities offerings totaling approximately $50 billion between April 1, 2011, and December 31, 2015, representing approximately 22% of total domestic fixed rate CMBS securitizations during the same period. Additionally, Cantor is a leader in at-the-market (ATM) follow-on equity offerings, including having filed over 85 REIT ATM programs with an aggregate value of over $15 billion over the past 10 years. Further, Cantors capital markets expertise includes a focus on corporate credit, where it transacted over $180 billion of corporate debt securities in 2014.
Both Newmark and Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. publish proprietary research and analyses related to REITs and other public companies, real estate property types and global markets, as well as overall economic trends and outlooks. This research monitors leading and lagging indicators, tracks and analyzes demand drivers, cyclical patterns and industry trends affecting real estate.
As of December 31, 2015, Newmark operated from over 100 offices across the United States as shown on the map below.
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Extensive Real Estate Expertise Our advisors executives possess a unique combination of real estate and corporate credit evaluation and investment expertise and, throughout their careers, have collectively acquired, originated, structured and/or managed over $100 billion of real estate investments consistent with our investment strategy and over numerous real estate cycles.
Significant Sourcing Capabilities Our advisor is led by an experienced management team of investment professionals who possess longstanding relationships with real estate owners and developers, tenants, institutional private equity firms, brokerage professionals and other commercial real estate industry participants. Additionally, through our advisor, we can draw on Newmarks industry expertise. We expect the combination of Newmarks sourcing capabilities combined with the experience and relationships of our advisors and its affiliates personnel, will provide us with an ongoing source of investment opportunities, many of which we believe will not be available to our competitors.
Experienced Management Team Our advisor is managed by an experienced team of investment professionals with institutional real estate and finance experience ranging from 25 to 27 years at major financial institutions. Members of this management team have led teams of global investment professionals in executing investment strategies consistent with our investment strategy. See Management The Advisor for biographical information regarding these individuals.
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Sponsor Support
Distribution Support Commitment Our sponsor has agreed to purchase up to an aggregate of $5.0 million of our Class I Shares of common stock (which will include any shares our sponsor may purchase in order to satisfy the minimum offering) at the then current offering price per Class I Share net of dealer manager fees until [ , 2017] to the extent cash distributions to our stockholders for any calendar quarter exceed MFFO for such quarter. Our sponsor will purchase shares following the end of each quarter for an aggregate purchase price equal to the amount by which the cash distributions paid to stockholders exceed modified funds from operations, or MFFO, for such quarter. Notwithstanding the obligations pursuant to the distribution support agreement, we are not required to pay distributions to our stockholders. For more information regarding our sponsor share purchase support arrangement and our distribution policy, please see Description of SharesDistributions.
Support of Certain Selling Commissions and Dealer Manager Fees Our sponsor has agreed to pay a portion of the underwriting compensation in an amount up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds, consisting of (i) a portion of the selling commissions in the amount of 1.0%, and all of the dealer manager fees in the amount of 3.0%, of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class A Shares and Class T Shares and (ii) all of the dealer manager fee in the amount of 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class I Shares, in each case subject to a reimbursement under certain circumstances. This will result in a reduction in the total selling commissions and dealer manager fees that we will pay in connection with the primary offering and therefore increase the estimated amount we will have available for investments. See Management Compensation.
Our Target Assets
The real estate assets in which we intend to invest will include the following:
| Equity Investments: Primarily acquire properties leased to a single-tenant on a long-term net lease basis, whereby the tenant is substantially responsible for all of the costs associated with operating and maintaining the property such as repairs and maintenance, insurance, taxes, utilities, and capital expenditures for the duration of the lease. We may also acquire properties that are subject to short-term net leases or are multi-tenanted. Properties will be purchased directly or through a joint venture ownership structure and located primarily in the United States, United Kingdom and other European countries; |
| Preferred Equity, Loans and Other Subordinated Interests: Invest in or originate preferred equity or mezzanine loans related to properties net leased to a single-tenant on a long-term basis. We may also invest in preferred equity or mezzanine loans related to properties that are subject to short-term net leases or are multi-tenanted. Mezzanine loans are made to the owners of a mortgage borrower and secured by a pledge of equity interests in the mortgage borrower. Preferred equity investments are subordinate to any mortgage and mezzanine loan, but senior to the owners common equity; |
| Real Estate-Related Securities: Invest in real estate securities which may take the form of (i) CMBS or structured notes that are collateralized by pools of real estate debt instruments, often first mortgage loans, (ii) REIT debt, (iii) REIT preferred stock, (iv) REIT common shares or (v) equity interests in private companies that own real estate assets. |
Although we do not have targeted investment allocations for any of the asset classes described above, we expect that a majority of our investments will be related to properties leased to tenants under long-term net leases. Net leases generally require the tenant to pay substantially all of the costs associated with operating and maintaining the property such as repairs and maintenance, insurance, taxes, utilities, and capital expenditures. We generally consider leases having a remaining term of ten years or more to be long-term leases, and those with a shorter term to be short-term leases.
The allocation of our capital among our target assets will depend on prevailing market conditions at the time we invest and may change over time in response to prevailing market conditions, including with respect to interest rates and general economic and market conditions. In addition, in the future we may invest in assets other than our target assets, in each case subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes and our exclusion from regulation under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act.
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Class A, Class T and Class I Shares of Common Stock
We are offering to the public three classes of shares of our common stock: Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares. The following summarizes the fees and selling commissions associated with Class A, Class T and Class I Shares.
Class A | Class T | Class I | ||||||||||
Initial Offering Price (1) |
$ | 26.32 | $ | 25.52 | $ | 25.00 | ||||||
Sponsor Support of Selling Commissions and Dealer Manager Fees ( 2 ) |
4.0 | % | 4.0 | % | 1.5 | % | ||||||
Selling Commission ( 3 ) |
(6.0 | )% | (3.0 | )% | | |||||||
Dealer Manager Fee (3) |
(3.0 | )% | (3.0 | )% | (1.5 | )% | ||||||
Distribution Fee (4) |
| (1.0 | )% ( 4 ) | |
(1) | The price per share shown will apply until we commence quarterly valuations. Thereafter, shares of each class will be issued at a price per share generally equal to the prior quarters NAV per share for such class, plus applicable upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees, less applicable sponsor support. |
(2) | Our sponsor has agreed to pay a portion of the underwriting compensation in an amount up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds, consisting of (i) a portion of the selling commissions in the amount of 1.0%, and all of the dealer manager fees in the amount of 3.0%, of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class A Shares and Class T Shares and (ii) all of the dealer manager fee in the amount of 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class I Shares, in each case subject to a reimbursement under certain circumstances. Our sponsor has agreed that under no circumstances may proceeds from this offering be used to pay any reimbursement for the sponsor support. See Management Compensation. |
(3) | Before giving effect to sponsor support payment of selling commissions and dealer manager fees. |
(4) | The distribution fee is calculated on outstanding Class T Shares issued in the primary offering in an amount equal to 1.0% per annum of the gross offering price per share (or, if we are no longer offering shares in a public offering, the most recently published per share NAV of Class T Shares). We will cease paying distribution fees with respect to each Class T Share on the earliest to occur of the following: (i) a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange; (ii) such Class T Share is no longer outstanding; (iii) our dealer managers determination that total underwriting compensation from all sources, including dealer manager fees, selling commissions (including sponsor support of 4.0% of selling commissions and dealer manager fees), distribution fees and any other underwriting compensation paid to participating broker dealers with respect to all Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares would be in excess of 10% of the gross proceeds of the primary portion of this offering; or (iv) the end of the month in which the transfer agent, on our behalf, determines that total underwriting compensation with respect to the Class T primary shares held by a stockholder within his or her particular account, including dealer manager fees, selling commissions (including the sponsor support of 4.0% of selling commissions and dealer manager fees), and distribution fees, would be in excess of 10% of the total gross offering price at the time of the investment in the Class T Shares held in such account. We cannot predict if or when this will occur. All Class T Shares will automatically convert into Class A Shares upon a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange. With respect to item (iv) above, all of the Class T Shares held in a stockholders account will automatically convert into Class A Shares as of the last calendar day of the month in which the transfer agent determines that the 10% limit on a particular account is reached. With respect to the conversion of Class T Shares into Class A Shares, each Class T Share will convert into a number of Class A Shares based on the respective net asset value per share for each class. Stockholders will receive notice that their Class T Shares have been converted into Class A Shares in accordance with industry practice at that time, which we expect to be either a transaction confirmation from the transfer agent, notification from the transfer agent or notification through the next account statement following the conversion. We currently expect that the conversion will be on a one-for-one basis, as we expect the net asset value per share of each Class A Share and Class T Share to be the same, except in the unlikely event that the distribution fees payable by us exceed the amount otherwise available for distribution to holders of Class T Shares in a particular period (prior to the deduction of the distribution fees), in which case the excess will be accrued as a reduction to the net asset value per share of each Class T Share. Although we cannot predict the length of time over which this fee will be paid due to potential changes in the estimated net asset value of our Class T Shares, this fee would be paid over approximately 4 years from the date of purchase, assuming a constant per share offering price or estimated net asset value, as applicable, of $25.52 per Class T Share. See Description of Shares. |
Our Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares are available for different categories of investors. Class A Shares and Class T Shares are available to the general public. Class I Shares are available for purchase in this offering only (1) by institutional accounts as defined by FINRA Rule 4512(c), (2) through bank-sponsored collective trusts and bank-sponsored common trusts, (3) by retirement plans (including a trustee or custodian under any deferred compensation or pension or profit sharing plan or payroll deduction IRA established for the benefit of the employees of any company), foundations or endowments, (4) through certain financial intermediaries that are not otherwise registered with or as a broker-dealer and that direct clients to trade with a broker-dealer that offers Class I Shares, (5) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act as a fiduciary for its clients or customers, (6) our executive officers and directors, as well as officers and employees of our sponsor and our advisor and our sponsors and advisors affiliates and their respective immediate family members and (7) by any other categories of purchasers as described in the section titled Plan of Distribution or that we name in an amendment or supplement to this prospectus. If you are eligible to purchase any of the
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classes of shares, you should consider, among other things, the amount of your investment, the length of time you intend to hold the shares, the selling commission and fees attributable to each class of shares and whether you qualify for any selling commission discounts if you elect to purchase Class A Shares. Before making your investment decision, please consult with your financial advisor regarding your account type and the classes of common stock you may be eligible to purchase.
The fees and expenses listed above will be payable on a class-specific basis. The per share amount of distributions on Class A Shares and Class I Shares will differ from Class T Shares because of different class-specific expenses. Specifically, distributions paid with respect to all Class T Shares, including those issued pursuant to our DRP, will be lower than those paid with respect to Class A Shares and Class I Shares because the amount available for distributions on all Class T Shares will be reduced by the amount of distribution fees payable with respect to the Class T Shares issued in the primary offering. See Questions and Answers About this Offering and Description of Shares for more information concerning the differences between the Class A Shares and the Class T Shares.
Investment Objectives
We are focused on acquiring a real estate investment portfolio with a total return profile intended to provide current income and the potential for capital appreciation. To that end, our primary investment objectives are:
| to preserve and return your capital contribution; |
| to provide regular cash distributions; and |
| to realize potential growth in the value of our investments. |
We may return all or a portion of your capital contribution in connection with the sale of the company or the assets we will acquire or upon maturity or payoff of our investments. Alternatively, you may be able to obtain a return of all or a portion of your capital contribution in connection with the sale of your shares. However, no public trading market for our shares currently exists or may ever exist, and you may not be able to sell your shares.
Summary Risk Factors
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully review the Risk Factors section of this prospectus beginning on page 27, which contains a detailed discussion of the material risks that you should consider before you invest in our common stock. Some of the more significant risks relating to an investment in our shares include:
| We have no operating history and very limited assets. This is a blind pool offering and we have not identified any specific investments to acquire. |
| After the first quarterly valuation of our assets is undertaken, the purchase and repurchase price for shares of our common stock will be based on our NAV and will not be based on any public trading market. There can be no assurance that either NAV or the offering price will be an accurate reflection of the fair market value of our assets and liabilities and, following the purchase of properties or other assets, likely will not represent the amount of net proceeds that would result if we were liquidated or dissolved or the amount you would receive upon the sale of your shares. |
| Our organizational documents do not restrict us from paying distributions from any source and do not restrict the amount of distributions we may pay from any source, including offering proceeds. If we pay distributions from sources other than our cash flows from operations, we will have less funds available for investment, borrowings and sales of assets, the overall return to our stockholders may be reduced and subsequent investors will experience dilution. Our distributions, particularly during the period before we have substantially invested the net proceeds from this offering, may exceed our earnings, which would represent a return of capital for tax purposes. A return of capital is a return of your investment rather than a return of earnings or gains and will be made after deductions of fees and expenses payable in connection with our offering. |
| No public market currently exists for our shares, and we have no plans to list our shares on an exchange. Unless and until there is a public market for our shares you will have difficulty selling your shares. If you are able to sell your shares, you would likely have to sell them at a substantial loss. |
| The amount and timing of distributions we may pay in the future is uncertain. There is no guarantee of any return and you may lose a part or all of your investment in us. |
| We will pay substantial fees to and reimburse expenses of our advisor and its affiliates. These fees increase your risk of loss. |
| All of our executive officers, some of our directors and other key real estate professionals are also officers, directors, managers and key professionals of our advisor, our dealer manager and other affiliated Cantor Companies. As a result, they will face conflicts of interest, including significant conflicts created by our advisors compensation arrangements with us and other Cantor-advised programs and investors. |
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| If we raise substantially less than the maximum offering, we may not be able to invest in a diverse portfolio of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets and the value of your investment may vary more widely with the performance of specific assets. |
| We depend on our advisor to select our investments and conduct our operations. Our advisor is a newly-formed entity with no operating history. Therefore, there is no assurance our advisor will be successful. |
| You may be more likely to sustain a loss on your investment because our sponsor may not have as strong an economic incentive to avoid losses as do some sponsors who have made larger equity investments in their companies. |
| Disruptions in the financial markets and stagnate economic conditions could adversely affect our ability to implement our business strategy and generate returns to you. |
| Our investments will be subject to the risks typically associated with real estate. |
| We may make foreign investments and will be susceptible to changes in currency exchange rates, adverse political or economic developments, lack of uniform accounting standards and changes in foreign laws. |
Compensation to Our Advisor and its Affiliates
Our advisor and its affiliates will receive compensation and reimbursement for services relating to this offering and the investment and management of our assets. The most significant items of compensation are included in the table below. Selling commissions and dealer manager fees may vary for different categories of purchasers. This table assumes that we sell all shares at the highest possible selling commissions and dealer manager fees (with no discounts to any categories of purchasers). No selling commissions or dealer manager fees are payable on shares sold through our distribution reinvestment plan. The allocation of amounts among the Class A Shares, the Class T Shares and the Class I Shares assumes that 40% of the shares of common stock sold in the primary offering are Class A Shares, 50% of the shares of common stock sold in the primary offering are Class T Shares and 10% of the shares of common stock sold in the primary offering are Class I Shares. Certain fees and expense reimbursements will be paid by us while other fees and expense reimbursements will be paid by third parties, including our sponsor. Our sponsor has agreed to pay a portion of the underwriting compensation in an amount up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds, consisting of (i) a portion of the selling commissions in the amount of 1.0%, and all of the dealer manager fees in the amount of 3.0%, of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class A Shares and Class T Shares and (ii) all of the dealer manager fee in the amount of 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class I Shares, in each case subject to a reimbursement under certain circumstances.
Form of Compensation and Recipient |
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount for Minimum/Maximum Offering |
||
Organization and Offering Stage | ||||
Selling Commissions Dealer Manager |
Class A Shares Up to 1.0% of gross offering proceeds paid by our sponsor and up to 5.0% of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class A Shares in the primary offering (for a total of up to 6.0%); all or a portion of such selling commissions may be reallowed to participating broker dealers.
Class T Shares Up to 1.0% of gross offering proceeds paid by our sponsor and up to 2.0% of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class T Shares in the primary offering (for a total of up to 3.0%); all or a portion of such selling commissions may be reallowed to participating broker dealers.
Class I Shares No selling commissions will be payable with respect to Class I Shares. |
$ 78,000 ($ 48,000 for the Class A Shares, $30,000 for the Class T Shares and $0 for the Class I Shares, respectively)/ $39,000,000 ($24,000,000 for the Class A Shares, $15,000,000 for the Class T Shares and $0 for the Class I Shares, respectively) | ||
Dealer Manager Fees Dealer Manager |
Class A Shares Up to 3.0% of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class A Shares in the primary offering, all of which will be paid by our sponsor; a portion of such dealer manager fee may be reallowed to participating broker dealers as a marketing fee. |
$ 57,000 ($24,000 for the Class A Shares, $30,000 for the Class T Shares and $ 3,000 for the Class I Shares, respectively)/ |
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Form of Compensation and Recipient |
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount for Minimum/Maximum Offering |
||
Class T Shares Up to 3.0% of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class T Shares in the primary offering, all of which will be paid by our sponsor; a portion of such dealer manager fees may be reallowed to participating broker dealers as a marketing fee.
Class I Shares Up to 1.5% of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class I Shares in the primary offering, all of which will be paid by our sponsor; a portion of such dealer manager fees may be reallowed to participating broker dealers as a marketing fee. |
$28,500,000 ($12,000,000 for the Class A Shares, $15,000,000 for the Class T Shares and $1,500,000 for the Class I Shares, respectively) | |||
Other Organization and Offering Expenses Advisor or its Affiliates |
We will reimburse our advisor and its affiliates for organization and offering costs it incurs on our behalf but only to the extent that the reimbursement does not cause the selling commissions, the dealer manager fees and the other organization and offering expenses borne by us to exceed 15.0% of gross offering proceeds as of the date of the reimbursement. If we raise the maximum offering amount in the primary offering and under the distribution reinvestment plan, we estimate organization and offering expenses (other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee), in the aggregate, to be $12,500,000 or 1% of gross offering proceeds. These organization and offering costs include all costs (other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) to be paid by us in connection with the offering, including our legal, accounting, printing, mailing and filing fees, charges of our transfer agent, charges of our advisor for administrative services related to the issuance of shares in this offering, reimbursement of bona fide due diligence expenses of broker-dealers, and reimbursement of our advisor for costs in connection with preparing supplemental sales materials. We will reimburse our advisor for such costs ratably over the 36 months following the first anniversary of the date on which we satisfy the minimum offering requirement; provided that we will not be obligated to pay any amounts that as a result of such payment would cause the aggregate payments for organization and offering costs paid by the advisor to exceed 1% of gross offering proceeds as of such payment date. For purposes of calculating our NAV, the organization and offering costs paid by our advisor through the first anniversary of the date on which we satisfy the minimum offering will not be recognized in our financial statements until the reimbursement obligation is established or reflected in our NAV until we reimburse the advisor for these costs. | $12,500,000 | ||
Acquisition and Development Stage | ||||
Acquisition Expenses Advisor or its Affiliates | We do not intend to pay our advisor any acquisition fees in connection with making investments. We will, however, provide reimbursement of customary acquisition expenses (including expenses relating to potential investments that we do not close), such as legal fees and expenses (including fees of in-house counsel of affiliates and other affiliated service providers that provide resources to us), costs of due diligence (including, as necessary, updated appraisals, surveys and environmental site assessments), travel and communication expenses, accounting fees and expenses and other closing costs and miscellaneous expenses relating to the acquisition or origination of our investments. While most of the acquisition expenses are expected to be paid to third parties, a portion of the out-of-pocket acquisition expenses may be paid or reimbursed to the advisor or its affiliates. | Actual amounts are dependent upon actual expenses incurred and, therefore, cannot be determined at this time. | ||
Operational Stage | ||||
Distribution Fee Dealer Manager | With respect to our Class T Shares only, we will pay our dealer manager a distribution fee, all or a portion of which may be reallowed by the dealer manager to participating broker dealers, that accrues daily and is calculated on outstanding Class T Shares issued in the primary offering in an amount equal to 1.0% per annum of (i) the gross offering price per Class T Share in the primary offering, or (ii) if we are no longer offering shares in a public | $5,000,000 annually, assuming sale of $500,000,000 of Class T Shares, subject to the 10% limit on underwriting compensation. We estimate |
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Form of Compensation and Recipient |
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount for Minimum/Maximum Offering |
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offering, the most recently published per share NAV of Class T Shares . The distribution fee will be payable monthly in arrears and will be paid on a continuous basis from year to year.
We will cease paying distribution fees with respect to each Class T Share on the earliest to occur of the following: (i) a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange; (ii) such Class T Share is no longer being outstanding; (iii) the dealer managers determination that total underwriting compensation from all sources, including dealer manager fees, sales commissions, distribution fees and any other underwriting compensation paid with respect to all Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares would be in excess of 10% of the gross proceeds of our primary offering; or (iv) the end of the month in which the transfer agent, on our behalf, determines that total underwriting compensation with respect to the Class T primary shares held by a stockholder within his or her particular account, including dealer manager fees, sales commissions, and distribution fees, would be in excess of 10% of the total gross offering price at the time of the investment in the primary Class T Shares held in such account. See Description of Shares.
We will not pay any distribution fees on shares sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. The amount available for distributions on all Class T Shares will be reduced by the amount of distribution fees payable with respect to the Class T Shares issued in the primary offering such that all Class T Shares will receive the same per share distributions. |
that a maximum of $20,000,000 in such fees will be paid over the life of the company; some or all fees may be reallowed. | |||
Asset Management Fee Advisor or its Affiliates |
A monthly fee equal to one-twelfth of 1.25% of the cost of our investments at the end of each month; provided that, if our board of directors has determined an estimated net asset value per share, then, with respect to the investments included in the board of directors determination, the asset management fees will be equal to one-twelfth of 1.25% per month of the most recently determined value of such investments at the end of each month.
In the case of investments made through joint ventures, the asset management fee will be determined based on our proportionate share of the underlying investment. |
Actual amounts are dependent upon the total equity and debt capital we raise, the cost of our investments and the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. | ||
Other Operating Expenses Advisor or its Affiliates |
We will reimburse our advisors costs of providing administrative services, subject to the limitation that we generally will not reimburse our advisor for any amount by which our total operating expenses at the end of the four preceding fiscal quarters exceeds the greater of (i) 2% of average invested assets (as defined in our advisory agreement) and (ii) 25% of net income other than any additions to reserves for depreciation, bad debts or other similar non-cash reserves and excluding any gain from the sale of investments for that period. After the end of any fiscal quarter for which our total operating expenses exceed this 2%/25% limitation for the four fiscal quarters then ended, if our independent directors exercise their right to conclude that this excess was justified, this fact will be disclosed in writing to the holders of our shares of common stock within 60 days. If our independent directors do not determine such excess expenses are justified, our advisor is required to reimburse us, at the end of the four preceding fiscal quarters, by the amount that our aggregate annual total operating expenses paid or incurred exceed this 2%/25% limitation.
|
Actual amounts are dependent upon the total equity and debt capital we raise, the cost of our investments and the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. | ||
Additionally, we will reimburse our advisor for personnel costs in connection with other services; however, we will not reimburse our advisor for (a) personnel costs in connection with the services for which our advisor earns disposition fees, or (b) the salaries and benefits of our named executive officers. |
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Form of Compensation and Recipient |
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount for Minimum/Maximum Offering |
||
Property Management and Oversight Fees Advisor or its Affiliates | If the advisor or an affiliate is a property manager with respect to a particular property, we will pay our property manager property management fees of 1.5% of gross revenues received for management of our properties located in the United States and 2.0% of gross revenues received for management of our properties located outside of the United States. For services in overseeing property management services provided by any person or entity that is not an affiliate of our property manager, we will pay our property manager an oversight fee equal to 1.0% of the gross revenues of the property managed. Our property manager will not be paid an oversight fee if we contract with a third party to provide property management services for fees greater than (i) 1.5% of gross revenues received for management of our properties located in the United States or (ii) 2.0% of gross revenues received for management of our properties located outside of the United States. | Actual amounts are dependent upon the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. | ||
Leasing Commissions Advisor or its Affiliates |
Customary leasing fees if our advisor or an affiliate is our primary leasing agent. Such fees will be paid in an amount that is usual and customary in that geographic area for that type of property. | Actual amounts are dependent upon the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. | ||
Refinancing Coordination Fee Advisor or its Affiliates | If our advisor provides services in connection with the refinancing of any debt that we obtain and use to finance properties or other permitted investments, or refinancing of any debt that is assumed, directly or indirectly, in connection with the acquisition of properties or other permitted investments, we will pay the advisor a refinancing coordination fee equal to 0.75% of the amount available or outstanding under such refinancing or assumed debt. Refinancing shall also include restructuring, workouts or other recapitalization of any debt. | Actual amounts are dependent upon the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. | ||
Liquidation/Listing Stage | ||||
Disposition Fees Advisor or its Affiliates | For substantial assistance in connection with the sale of investments and based on the services provided, as determined by our independent directors, we will pay a disposition fee in an amount equal to 2.0% of the contract sales price of each real property or other investment sold; provided, however, in no event may the disposition fee paid to our advisor or its affiliates, when added to the real estate commissions paid to unaffiliated third parties, exceed the lesser of the competitive real estate commission or an amount equal to 6% of the contract sales price. If we take ownership of a property as a result of a workout or foreclosure of a debt investment, we will pay a disposition fee upon the sale of such property. | Actual amounts are dependent upon the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. | ||
We will not pay a disposition fee upon the maturity, prepayment, workout, modification or extension of a debt investment unless there is a corresponding fee paid by the borrower, in which case the disposition fee will be the lesser of: (i) 1.0% of the principal amount of the debt prior to such transaction; or (ii) the amount of the fee paid by the borrower in connection with such transaction | ||||
Reimbursement of certain offering expenses to our Sponsor | Our sponsor will pay a portion of selling commissions and all of the dealer manager fees, up to a total of 4% of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares, incurred in connection with this offering. We will reimburse such expenses (i) immediately prior to or upon the occurrence of a liquidity event, including (A) the listing of our common stock on a national securities exchange or (B) a merger, consolidation or a sale of substantially all of our assets or any similar transaction or any | $ 75,000/$ 37,500,000 (Assuming 100% of the shares sold are Class A Shares and Class T Shares, the maximum reimbursement of offering expenses to our sponsor will be $40,000,000) |
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transaction pursuant to which a majority of our board of directors then in office are replaced or removed, or (ii) upon the termination of the advisory agreement by us or by the advisor. In each such case, we only will reimburse the sponsor after (i) we have fully invested the proceeds from this offering and (ii) our stockholders have received, or are deemed to have received, in the aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to their invested capital plus a 6% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such invested capital. | ||||
Special Units Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC |
Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC, an affiliate of our advisor, was issued special units upon its initial investment of $1,000 in our operating partnership and as part of the overall consideration for the services to be provided by our advisor and its affiliates .
Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC, as the holder of the special units, will be entitled to a payment if it redeems its special units in the circumstances described below. The special units may be redeemed upon: (x) the listing of our common stock on a national securities exchange; (y) a merger, consolidation or a sale of substantially all of our assets or any similar transaction or any transaction pursuant to which a majority of our board of directors then in office are replaced or removed; or (z) the occurrence of certain events that result in the termination or non-renewal of our advisory agreement, in each case for an amount that Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC would have been entitled to receive had our operating partnership disposed of all of its assets at the enterprise valuation as of the date of the event triggering the redemption. If the event triggering the redemption is: (i) a listing of our shares on a national securities exchange, the enterprise valuation will be calculated based on the average share price of our shares for a specified period; (ii) a merger, consolidation or a sale of substantially all of our assets or any similar transaction or any transaction pursuant to which a majority of our board of directors then in office are replaced or removed, the enterprise valuation will be based on the value of the consideration received or to be received by us or our stockholders on a per share basis; or (iii) an underwritten public offering, the enterprise value will be based on the valuation of the shares as determined by the initial public offering price in such offering. If the triggering event is the termination or non-renewal of our advisory agreement other than for cause, the enterprise valuation will be calculated based on an appraisal or valuation of our assets. In each of such cases, the Special Unit Holder will be entitled to 15% of the remaining consideration that would be deemed to have been distributed to the holders of the shares of common stock after such holders have received in the aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to their invested capital plus a 6% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such invested capital. |
Actual amounts are dependent upon the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. | ||
In addition, prior to any such redemption, Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC as the holder of special units, may be entitled to receive distributions equal to 15% of our net cash flows, whether from continuing operations, the repayment of loans, the disposition of assets or otherwise, but only after (i) our stockholders have received in the aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to their invested capital plus a 6% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such invested capital and (ii) our sponsor or its affiliates have received reimbursement for the payment of certain selling commissions and dealer manager fees.
The 6.0% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on invested capital is calculated by multiplying 6% by the product of the average amount of invested capital and the number of years over which the invested capital has been invested. For this purpose, invested capital means the amount calculated by multiplying the total number of shares purchased by our stockholders by the issue price at such time of such purchase, less |
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distributions attributable to net sales proceeds and amounts paid by us to repurchase shares under our share repurchase program. Depending on various factors, including the date on which shares of our stock are purchased and the price paid for such shares, an individual may receive more or less than the 6% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on their net contributions prior to the commencement of distributions to the holder of the special units. |
Conflicts of Interest
Our advisor and its affiliates will experience conflicts of interest in connection with the management of our business. Our advisor is an indirect subsidiary of Cantor and is organized to provide asset management and other services to us. Cantor also controls CCRE, BGC (which includes Newmark) and a number of other financial services businesses, including our dealer manager (collectively the Cantor Companies). Our executive officers and certain of our directors are also officers, directors and managers of our advisor and its affiliates and in some cases, other Cantor Companies. Some of the material conflicts that our advisor and its affiliates will face include the following:
| The team of professionals at our advisor and its affiliates must determine which investment opportunities to recommend to us and any programs Cantor affiliates may sponsor in the future; |
| The team of professionals at our advisor and its affiliates will have to allocate their time between us and other Cantor Companies, programs and activities in which they are involved; |
| Our advisor and its affiliates will receive fees in connection with transactions involving the management, refinancing and sale of our assets regardless of the quality of the asset acquired or the services provided to us; |
| Our advisor and its affiliates, including our dealer manager, will receive fees in connection with our offerings of equity securities; |
| The negotiations of the advisory agreement and the dealer manager agreement (including the substantial fees our advisor and its affiliates will receive thereunder) will not be at arms length; |
| Our advisor may terminate the advisory agreement without penalty upon 60 days written notice and, upon termination of the advisory agreement by our advisor, Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC, as the holder of special units, may be entitled to have the special units redeemed as of the termination date if our stockholders have received, or are deemed to receive, in the aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to its total invested capital plus a 6.0% cumulative non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such aggregate invested capital. The amount of the payment will be based on an appraisal or valuation of our assets as of the termination date. This potential obligation would reduce the overall return to stockholders to the extent such return exceeds 6.0%; and |
| Our advisor and its affiliates may structure the terms of joint ventures between us and other Cantor Companies. |
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Our Structure
The following chart indicates the relationship among us, our advisor and certain of its affiliates.
(1) | CF Group Management, Inc. is the managing general partner of Cantor Fitzgerald, L.P. Mr. Howard W. Lutnick controls Cantor Fitzgerald, L.P. through his ownership of CF Group Management, Inc. Cantor Fitzgerald, L.P. indirectly owns Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. |
(2) | We will initially own a capital interest in the operating partnership consisting of general and limited partnership interests. We are the sole general partner of the operating partnership and, therefore, our board of directors has ultimate oversight and policy-making authority with respect to our operating partnership. Our board of directors has retained our advisor which will be responsible for coordinating the management of our day-to-day operations and the management of our operating partnership subject to the terms of the advisory agreement. |
(3) | Our dealer manager is owned by an entity that is under common control with Cantor. |
(4) | The special units will entitle Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC to receive certain operating partnership distributions. See Management Compensation. |
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Estimated Use of Proceeds
After giving effect to sponsor payment of a portion of the selling commissions and dealer manager fees in the total amount of 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class A Shares , Class T Shares and Class I Shares and depending primarily upon the number of shares of each class we sell in our offering and assuming that 40% of the proceeds are from the sale of Class A Shares, 50% of the proceeds are from the sale of Class T Shares and 10% of the proceeds are from the sale of Class I Shares, we estimate that approximately 96.6% (assuming all shares available under our distribution reinvestment plan are sold) and approximately 96.0% (assuming no shares available under our distribution reinvestment plan are sold) of our gross offering proceeds will be available for investments, including related acquisition expenses. We have assumed what percentage of shares of each class will be sold based on discussions with our dealer manager but there can be no assurance as to how many shares of each class will be sold. We will use the remainder of the offering proceeds to pay offering costs, including selling commissions, dealer manager fees and issuer organization and offering costs.
Distributions
We intend to accrue and pay cash distributions on a monthly basis beginning no later than the first calendar quarter after the quarter in which we make our first investment. We expect to authorize and declare distributions based on daily record dates that will be aggregated and paid on a monthly basis in order for investors to generally begin receiving distributions immediately upon our acceptance of their subscription. Once we commence paying distributions, we expect to continue paying distributions unless our results of operations, our general financial condition, general economic conditions or other factors inhibit us from doing so. The timing and amount of cash distributions will be determined by our board of directors, in its discretion, and may vary from time to time. In addition to cash distributions, our board of directors may authorize special stock dividends. Distributions will be made on all classes of our common stock at the same time. Distribution amounts paid with respect to Class T Shares will be lower than those paid with respect to Class A Shares and Class I Shares because distributions paid with respect to Class T Shares will be reduced by the payment of the distribution fees.
To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must make aggregate annual distributions to our stockholders of at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (which is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP). If we meet the REIT qualification requirements, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax on the income that we distribute to our stockholders each year. See Federal Income Tax Considerations Taxation of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. Annual Distribution Requirements. In general, we anticipate making distributions to our stockholders of at least 100% of our REIT taxable income so that none of our income is subject to federal income tax. Our board of directors may authorize distributions in excess of those required for us to maintain REIT status depending on our financial condition and such other factors as our board of directors deems relevant.
Generally, our policy is to pay distributions from cash flow from operations. However, our organizational documents permit us to pay distributions to our stockholders from any source, including from borrowings, sale of assets and from offering proceeds or we may make distributions in the form of taxable stock dividends. We have not established a cap on the use of proceeds to fund distributions.
In order to provide additional cash to pay distributions on shares purchased in our primary offering before we have acquired a substantial portfolio of income producing investments, our sponsor has agreed pursuant to the terms of a distribution support agreement in certain circumstances where our cash distributions exceed MFFO, to purchase up to $5.0 million of Class I Shares (which will include any shares our sponsor may purchase in order to satisfy the minimum offering) at the then current offering price per Class I Share net of dealer manager fees to satisfy the minimum offering amount and to provide additional cash to support distributions to you. The sale of these shares will result in the dilution of the ownership interests of our public stockholders. Class I Shares purchased by our sponsor pursuant to the distribution support agreement will be eligible to receive all distributions payable by us with respect to Class I Shares. Upon termination or expiration of the distribution support agreement, we may not have sufficient cash available to pay distributions at the rate we had paid during preceding periods or at all. If we pay distributions from sources other than our cash flow from operations, we will have less cash available for investments, we may have to reduce our distribution rate, our net asset value may be negatively impacted and your overall return may be reduced.
We define MFFO in accordance with the definition established by the Investment Program Association, or IPA. Our computation of MFFO may not be comparable to other REITs that do not calculate MFFO using the current IPA definition. MFFO is calculated using funds from operations, or FFO. We expect to compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, as net income or loss (computed in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP), excluding gains or losses from sales of depreciable properties, the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, real estate-related depreciation and amortization, impairment charges on depreciable property owned directly or indirectly and after adjustments for unconsolidated/uncombined partnerships and joint ventures. FFO, as defined by NAREIT, is a computation made by analysts and investors to measure a real estate companys cash flow generated by operations. Our computation of FFO may not be comparable to other REITs that do not calculate FFO in accordance with the current NAREIT definition. MFFO excludes from FFO the following items:
| acquisition fees and expenses; |
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| straight-line rent and amortization of above or below intangible lease assets and liabilities; |
| amortization of discounts, premiums and fees on debt investments; |
| non-recurring impairment of real estate-related investments; |
| realized gains (losses) from the early extinguishment of debt; |
| realized gains (losses) on the extinguishment or sales of hedges, foreign exchange, securities and other derivative holdings except where the trading of such instruments is a fundamental attribute of our business; |
| unrealized gains (losses) from fair value adjustments on real estate securities, including CMBS and other securities, interest rate swaps and other derivatives not deemed hedges and foreign exchange holdings; |
| unrealized gains (losses) from the consolidation from, or deconsolidation to, equity accounting; |
| adjustments related to contingent purchase price obligations; and |
| adjustments for consolidated and unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures calculated to reflect MFFO on the same basis as above. |
FFO and MFFO should not be considered as an alternative to net income (determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP) as an indication of performance. In addition, FFO and MFFO do not represent cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP and are not a measure of liquidity. FFO and MFFO should be considered in conjunction with reported net income and cash flows from operations computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP, as presented in the financial statements.
Distribution Reinvestment Plan
You may participate in our distribution reinvestment plan by checking the appropriate box on the subscription agreement or by filling out an enrollment form we will provide to you at your request.
We are offering up to $250,000,000 in shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan at an initial purchase price equal to $25.00 per Class A, Class T and Class I Share and the then current NAV share for such class of shares once we establish NAV. We reserve the right to reallocate the shares we are offering among our classes of common stock and between the primary offering and our distribution reinvestment plan. We will not pay any selling commissions, dealer manager fees or distribution fees on shares sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. The amount available for distributions on all Class T Shares will be reduced by the amount of distribution fees payable with respect to the Class T Shares issued in the primary offering. All Class T Shares will receive the same per share distributions. We may amend or terminate the distribution reinvestment plan for any reason at any time upon 30 days notice to the participants. We may provide notice by including such information (a) in a Current Report on Form 8-K or in our annual or quarterly reports, all publicly filed with the SEC or (b) in a separate mailing to the participants.
Share Repurchase Program
After you have held your shares for at least one year, you may be able to have your shares repurchased by us pursuant to our share repurchase program. However, our share repurchase program includes numerous restrictions that limit our stockholders ability to sell their shares.
We will repurchase shares at a price equal to, or at a discount from, NAV per share of the share class being repurchased as follows:
Holding Period |
Repurchase Price
as a Percentage of NAV |
|||
Less than 1 year |
No Repurchase Allowed | |||
1 year |
96 | % | ||
2 years |
97 | % | ||
3 years |
98 | % | ||
4 years |
99 | % | ||
5 years and longer |
100 | % |
We will repurchase shares on the last business day of each quarter. The program administrator must receive your written request for repurchase at least five business days before that date in order for us to repurchase your shares that quarter. If we cannot repurchase all shares presented for repurchase in any month, we will honor repurchase requests on a pro
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rata basis. In the event that you present all of your shares, there would be no holding period requirement for shares purchased pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan.
If we did not completely satisfy a stockholders repurchase request at the repurchase date because the program administrator did not receive the request in time or because of the restrictions on the number of shares we could repurchase under the program, we would treat the unsatisfied portion of the repurchase request as a request for repurchase at the next repurchase date funds are available for repurchase unless the stockholder withdrew his or her request before the next date for repurchases. Any stockholder could withdraw a repurchase request upon written notice to the program administrator if such notice were received by us at least five business days before the date for repurchases.
The terms of our share repurchase program are more generous with respect to redemptions sought upon a stockholders death, qualifying disability or determination of incompetence:
| There is no one-year holding requirement; and |
| Subject to certain conditions, shares that are repurchased in connection with the death or disability of a stockholder will be repurchased at a purchase price equal to the price paid to acquire such shares from us; provided, that, the repurchase price cannot exceed the then-current offering price and the repurchase price will be reduced as may be necessary to equal the then-current offering price of such class of shares. |
In order for a determination of disability or incompetence to entitle a stockholder to these special repurchase terms, the determination of disability or incompetence must be made by the government entities specified in the share repurchase program.
The share repurchase program contains numerous other restrictions on your ability to sell your shares to us. Unless our board of directors determines otherwise, the funds available for repurchases in each quarter will be limited to the funds received from the distribution reinvestment plan in the prior quarter. Our board of directors has complete discretion to determine whether all of such funds from the prior quarters distribution reinvestment plan will be applied to repurchases in the following quarter, whether such funds are needed for other purposes or whether additional funds from other sources may be used for repurchases. Further, during any calendar year, we may repurchase no more than 5% of the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the prior calendar year. We also have no obligation to repurchase shares if the redemption would violate the restrictions on distributions under Maryland law, which prohibits distributions that would cause a corporation to fail to meet statutory tests of solvency. We may amend, suspend or terminate the program for any reason upon 10 business days notice.
Leverage
We expect that once we have fully invested the proceeds of this offering, our debt financing and other liabilities will be approximately 50% of the cost of our tangible assets (before deducting depreciation, reserves for bad debts or other non-cash reserves), although it may exceed this level during our offering stage. Our charter limits our total liabilities to 300% of the cost of our net assets, which we expect to approximate 75% of the cost of our tangible assets (before deducting depreciation, reserves for bad debt or other non-cash reserves); however, we may exceed that limit if a majority of our independent directors approves each borrowing in excess of our charter limitation and we disclose such borrowing to our stockholders in our next quarterly report with an explanation of the justification for the excess borrowing. There is no limitation on the amount we may borrow for the purchase of any single asset.
Liquidity
Subject to then existing market conditions, we expect to consider alternatives for providing liquidity to our stockholders beginning five to seven years from the completion of our offering stage; however, there is no definitive date by which we must do so. We will consider our offering stage complete when we are no longer publicly offering equity securities in a continuous offering, whether through our offering or follow-on public offerings. For this purpose, we do not consider a public offering of equity securities to include offerings on behalf of selling stockholders or offerings related to a distribution reinvestment plan, employee benefit plan or the redemption of interests in our operating partnership. While we expect to seek a liquidity transaction in this time frame, there can be no assurance that a suitable transaction will be available or that market conditions for a transaction will be favorable during that time frame. Our board of directors has the discretion to consider a liquidity transaction at any time. A liquidity transaction could consist of a sale or partial sale of our assets, a sale or merger of our company, a listing of our shares on a national securities exchange or a similar transaction. Some types of liquidity transactions require, after approval by our board of directors, approval of our stockholders. We do not have a stated term, as we believe setting a finite date for a possible, but uncertain future liquidity transaction may result in actions that are not necessarily in the best interest of our company or within the expectations of our stockholders. In the event that we determine not to pursue a liquidity transaction, you may need to retain your shares for an indefinite period of time.
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Investment Company Act Considerations
We intend to conduct our operations and operations of our subsidiaries so that none of us will be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuers total assets (exclusive of U.S. Government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, which we refer to as the 40% test. Excluded from the term investment securities, among other things, are U.S. Government securities and securities issued by majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exclusion from the definition of investment company set forth in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.
We will conduct our businesses primarily through our operating partnership, a wholly-owned subsidiary, and expect to establish other direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiaries to carry out specific activities. We expect the focus of our business will involve investments in real estate, buildings, and other assets that can be referred to as sticks and bricks and therefore we will not be an investment company under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act. We also may invest in other real estate investments such as real estate-related securities, and will otherwise be considered to be in the real estate business. Both we and the operating partnership intend to conduct our operations so that we comply with the limit imposed by the 40% test and neither will be primarily engaged in or hold itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Therefore, we expect that we and the operating partnership will not be subject to registration or regulation as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. The securities issued to the operating partnership by its wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries, which subsidiaries are neither investment companies nor companies excluded from the definition of investment company by Sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act, as well as any securities of any of our direct subsidiaries, which direct subsidiaries are neither investment companies nor companies excluded from the definition of investment company by Sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act, are not investment securities for the purpose of the 40% test.
We may in the future organize special purpose subsidiaries of the operating partnership that will rely on Section 3(c)(7) for their Investment Company Act exclusion and, therefore, the operating partnerships interest in each of these subsidiaries would constitute an investment security for purposes of determining whether the operating partnership satisfies the 40% test. However, as stated above, we expect that even in such a situation most of our other majority-owned subsidiaries will not meet the definition of investment company or rely on exclusions under either Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act. Consequently, we expect that our interests in these subsidiaries (which we expect will constitute a substantial majority of our assets) will not constitute investment securities, and we expect to be able to conduct our operations so that we are not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, even if some special purpose subsidiaries do rely on Section 3(c)(7).
One or more of our subsidiaries or subsidiaries of the operating partnership may seek to qualify for an exclusion from registration as an investment company under the Investment Company Act pursuant to other provisions of the Investment Company Act, such as Section 3(c)(5)(C) which is available for entities primarily engaged in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate. This exclusion, as interpreted by the staff of the SEC, generally requires that at least 55% of such a subsidiarys portfolio be comprised of qualifying interests, and at least 80% of the total asset portfolio must be comprised of qualifying interests and real estate-related interests (and no more than 20% comprised of miscellaneous assets that are neither qualifying interests nor real estate-related interests). We expect our subsidiaries to rely on guidance published by the SEC or the staff of the SEC or on our own analyses of guidance published with respect to other types of assets to determine which assets are qualifying interests and real estate-related interests.
In August 2011, the SEC solicited public comment on a wide range of issues relating to Section 3(c)(5)(C), including the nature of the assets that qualify for purposes of the exclusion and whether mortgage REITs should be regulated in a manner similar to investment companies. There can be no assurance that the laws and regulations governing the Investment Company Act status of REITs (and/or their subsidiaries), including the guidance of the SEC or its staff regarding this exclusion, will not change in a manner that adversely affects our operations. To the extent that the SEC or its staff publishes new or different guidance with respect to these matters, we may be required to adjust our strategy accordingly. Any additional guidance could provide additional flexibility to us, or it could further inhibit our ability to pursue the strategies we have chosen.
We will monitor our holdings and those of our subsidiaries to ensure continuing and ongoing compliance with these tests, and we will be responsible for making the determinations and calculations required to confirm our compliance with these tests. If the SEC does not agree with our determinations, we may be required to adjust our activities, those of the operating partnership, or other subsidiaries.
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Qualification for these exclusions could affect our ability to acquire or hold investments, or could require us to dispose of investments that we might prefer to retain in order to remain qualified for such exclusions. Changes in current policies by the SEC and its staff could also require that we alter our business activities for this purpose. If we or our subsidiaries fail to maintain an exclusion from the Investment Company Act, we could, among other things, be required either to (i) change the manner in which we conduct our operations to avoid being required to register as an investment company, (ii) effect sales of our assets in a manner that, or at a time when, we would not otherwise choose to do so, or (iii) register as an investment company, any of which would negatively affect the value of shares of our common stock, the sustainability of our business model, and our ability to make distributions. See Risk Factors for a discussion of certain risks associated with the Investment Company Act.
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An investment in our common stock involves various risks and uncertainties. You should carefully consider the following risk factors in conjunction with the other information contained in this prospectus before purchasing our common stock. The risks discussed in this prospectus could adversely affect our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition. This could cause the value of our common stock to decline and could cause you to lose all or part of your investment. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face but do represent those risks and uncertainties that we believe are material to us. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also harm our business.
Risks Related to an Investment in Us
We are a newly formed company with no operating history which makes our future performance difficult to predict.
We are a newly formed company with no operating history. We were incorporated in the State of Maryland on February 2, 2016. As of the date of this prospectus, we have not made any investments and have very limited assets. Moreover, if our capital resources are insufficient to support our operations, we will not be successful.
You should consider our prospects in light of the risks, uncertainties and difficulties frequently encountered by companies that are, like us, in their early stage of development. To be successful in this market, we or our advisor must, among other things:
| identify and acquire or originate investments that further our investment strategies; |
| respond to competition for our targeted investments, as well as for potential investors in us; and |
| capitalize our business operations with sufficient debt and equity. |
We cannot guarantee that we will succeed in achieving these goals, and our failure to do so could cause you to lose all or a portion of your investment.
Because this is a blind-pool offering, you will not have the opportunity to evaluate our investments before we make them, which makes your investment in us more speculative.
We will seek to invest substantially all of the net proceeds from the primary offering after the payment of fees and expenses in income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets. Because we have not yet made any investments or identified any investments that we may make, we are not able to provide you with any information to assist you in evaluating the merits of any specific investments that we may make, except for investments that may be described in supplements to this prospectus. Because you will be unable to evaluate the economic merit of assets before we invest in them, you will have to rely entirely on the ability of our advisor to select suitable and successful investment opportunities. We cannot predict our actual allocation of assets at this time because such allocation will also be dependent, in part, upon the amount of financing we are able to obtain, if any, with respect to each asset class in which we invest. Furthermore, our board of directors will have broad discretion in implementing policies regarding tenant or mortgagor creditworthiness and you will not have the opportunity to evaluate potential tenants, managers or borrowers. These factors increase the speculative nature of an investment in us.
If we pay cash distributions from sources other than our cash flow from operations, we will have less funds available for investments and your overall return may be reduced.
Our organizational documents do not restrict us from paying distributions from any source and do not restrict the amount of distributions we may pay from any source, including proceeds from this offering or the proceeds from the issuance of securities in the future, other third party borrowings, advances from our advisor or sponsor or from our advisors deferral or waiver of its fees under the advisory agreement. Distributions paid from sources other than current or accumulated earnings and profits may constitute a return of capital. From time to time, particularly during the period before we have substantially invested the net proceeds from this offering, we may generate taxable income greater than our taxable income for financial reporting purposes, or our taxable income may be greater than our cash flow available for distribution to stockholders. In these situations we may make distributions in excess of our cash flow from operations, investment activities and strategic financings to satisfy the REIT distribution requirement. In such an event, we would look first to other third party borrowings to fund these distributions. If we fund distributions from financings, the net proceeds from this offering or sources other than our cash flow from operations, we will have less funds available for investment in income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets and your overall return may be reduced. In addition, if the aggregate amount of cash we distribute to stockholders in any given year exceeds the amount of our taxable income generated during the year, the excess amount will either be (1) a return of capital or (2) a gain from the sale or exchange of property to the extent that a stockholders basis in our common stock equals or is reduced to zero as the result of our current or prior year distributions. Such distributions may effectively
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dilute or reduce the value of the stockholders remaining interest in our companys net asset value. For further information regarding the tax consequences in the event we make distributions other than from cash flow from operations, see Federal Income Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of StockholdersTaxation of Taxable Domestic Stockholders.
Pursuant to a distribution support agreement, in certain circumstances where our cash distributions exceed MFFO, our sponsor will purchase up to $5.0 million of Class I Shares (which will include any shares our sponsor may purchase in order to satisfy the minimum offering) at the then current offering price per Class I Share net of dealer manager fees to provide additional cash to support distributions to you. The sale of these shares will result in the dilution of the ownership interests of our public stockholders. Upon termination or expiration of the distribution support agreement, we may not have sufficient cash available to pay distributions at the rate we had paid during preceding periods or at all. If we pay distributions from sources other than our cash flow from operations, we will have less cash available for investments, we may have to reduce our distribution rate, our net asset value may be negatively impacted and your overall return may be reduced.
Because no public trading market for your shares currently exists, it will be difficult for you to sell your shares and, if you are able to sell your shares, you will likely sell them at a substantial discount to the offering price.
There is no public market for our shares and we currently have no plans to list our shares on a national securities exchange. Until our shares are listed, if ever, it will be difficult for you to sell your shares. In addition, our charter prohibits the ownership of more than 9.8% in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our outstanding common stock, unless exempted (prospectively or retroactively) by our board of directors, which may discourage large investors from purchasing your shares. In its sole discretion, our board of directors could amend, suspend or terminate our share repurchase program upon 10 business days notice. Further, the share repurchase program includes numerous restrictions that will severely limit your ability to sell your shares. We describe these restrictions in more detail under Description of SharesShare Repurchase Program. Therefore, it will be difficult for you to sell your shares promptly or at all. If you are able to sell your shares, you would likely have to sell them at a substantial discount to their public offering price. It is also likely that your shares would not be accepted as the primary collateral for a loan. Because of the illiquid nature of our shares, you should purchase our shares only as a long-term investment and be prepared to hold them for an indefinite period of time.
The availability and timing of distributions to our stockholders is uncertain and cannot be assured.
There is no assurance that distributions will be authorized and paid. We cannot assure you that we will have sufficient cash to pay distributions to you or that the amount of any such distributions will increase over time. In addition, the distribution fees payable with respect to Class T Shares issued in the primary offering will reduce the amount of funds available for distribution with respect to all Class T Shares (including Class T Shares issued pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan). Should we fail for any reason to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, we would not qualify for the favorable tax treatment accorded to REITs absent qualifying remedial action.
If we raise substantial offering proceeds in a short period of time, we may not be able to invest all of our offering proceeds promptly, which may cause our distributions and your investment returns to be lower than they otherwise would be.
The more shares we sell in our offering, the greater our challenge will be to invest all of our net offering proceeds. The large size of our offering increases the risk of delays in investing our net proceeds promptly and on attractive terms. Pending investment, the net proceeds of our offering may be invested in permitted temporary investments, which include short-term United States government securities, bank certificates of deposit and other short-term liquid investments. The rate of return on these investments, which affects the amount of cash available to make distributions to stockholders, has fluctuated in recent years and most likely will be less than the return obtainable from the type of investments in the real estate industry we seek to acquire or originate. Therefore, delays we encounter in the selection, due diligence and acquisition or origination of investments would likely limit our ability to pay distributions to you and lower your overall returns.
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After the first quarterly valuation of our assets is completed, the purchase and repurchase price for shares of our common stock will be based on our NAV and will not be based on any public trading market. Neither NAV nor the offering price may be an accurate reflection of the fair market value of our assets and liabilities and likely will not represent the amount of net proceeds that would result if we were liquidated or dissolved or the amount you would receive upon the sale of your shares .
The NAV per share and the primary offering price per share of each class of shares may not be an accurate reflection of the fair value of our assets and liabilities in accordance with GAAP, may not reflect the price at which we would be able to sell all or substantially all of our assets or the outstanding shares of our common stock in an arms length transaction, may not represent the value that our stockholders could realize upon a sale of our company or upon the liquidation of our assets and settlement of our liabilities, and may not be indicative of the price at which shares of our common stock would trade if they were listed on a national securities exchange. In addition, such values may not be the equivalent of the disclosure of a market price by an open-ended real estate fund.
See Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Procedures for a description of our policy with respect to valuations of our common stock. Any methodologies used to determine an estimated value per share may be based upon assumptions, estimates and judgments that may not be accurate or complete, such that, if different property-specific and general real estate and capital market assumptions, estimates and judgments were used, it could result in an NAV per share that is significantly different.
The SEC has approved an amendment to National Association of Securities Dealers, or NASD, Conduct Rule 2340, which became effective on April 11, 2016 and sets forth the obligations of FINRA members to provide per share values in customer account statements calculated in a certain manner. Because we will use a portion of the proceeds from this offering to pay sales commissions, dealer manager fees and organization and offering expenses, which will reduce the amount of funds available for investment, unless our aggregate investments increase in value to compensate for these up-front fees and expenses, it is likely that the value shown on your account statement will be lower than the purchase price paid by you in this offering.
Valuations and appraisals of our properties, real estate-related assets and real estate-related liabilities are estimates of value and may not necessarily correspond to realizable value.
The valuation methodologies used to value our properties and certain real estate-related assets involve subjective judgments regarding such factors as comparable sales, rental revenue and operating expense data, the capitalization or discount rate, and projections of future rent and expenses based on appropriate analysis. In addition, we generally do not undertake to mark to market our debt investments or real estate-related liabilities, but rather these assets and liabilities are usually included in our determination of NAV at an amount determined in accordance with GAAP. As a result, valuations and appraisals of our properties, real estate-related assets and real estate-related liabilities are only estimates of current market value. Ultimate realization of the value of an asset or liability depends to a great extent on economic and other conditions beyond our control and the control of the Independent Valuation Firm and other parties involved in the valuation of our assets and liabilities. Further, these valuations may not necessarily represent the price at which an asset or liability would sell, because market prices of assets and liabilities can only be determined by negotiation between a willing buyer and seller. Valuations used for determining our NAV also are generally made without consideration of the expenses that would be incurred in connection with disposing of assets and liabilities. Therefore, the valuations of our properties, our investments in real estate-related assets and our liabilities may not correspond to the timely realizable value upon a sale of those assets and liabilities. Our NAV does not currently represent enterprise value and may not accurately reflect the actual prices at which our assets could be liquidated on any given day, the value a third party would pay for all or substantially all of our shares, or the price that our shares would trade at on a national stock exchange. There will be no retroactive adjustment in the valuation of such assets or liabilities, the price of our shares of common stock, or the price we paid to repurchase shares of our common stock to the extent such valuations prove to not accurately reflect the true estimate of value and are not a precise measure of realizable value. Because, after we commence valuations, the price you will pay for Class A Shares, Class T Shares or Class I Shares, and the price at which your shares may be repurchased by us pursuant to our share repurchase program, will be based on our estimated NAV per share, you may pay more than realizable value or receive less than realizable value for your investment.
In order to disclose a quarterly NAV, we are reliant on the parties that we engage for that purpose, in particular the Independent Valuation Firm and the appraisers that we will hire to value and appraise our real estate portfolio.
In order to disclose a quarterly NAV, our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, has adopted valuation procedures and will cause us to engage independent third parties, such as the Independent Valuation Firm, to value our assets and liabilities and to calculate our NAV on a quarterly basis, and independent appraisal firms, to provide periodic appraisals with respect to our properties. We may also engage other independent third parties to value other assets or liabilities. Our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, may replace the Independent Valuation Firm with another third party or retain another third-party firm to calculate the NAV for each of our share classes, if it is deemed appropriate to do so. Although our board of directors, with the assistance of the advisor, oversees all of these parties and the reasonableness of their work product, we will not independently verify our NAV or the components thereof, such as the
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appraised values of our properties. Our managements assessment of the market values of our properties may also differ from the appraised values of our properties as determined by the Independent Valuation Firm. If the parties engaged by us to determine our quarterly NAV are unable or unwilling to perform their obligations to us, our NAV could be inaccurate or unavailable, and we could decide to suspend this offering and our share redemption program.
Our NAV is not subject to GAAP, will not be independently audited and will involve subjective judgments by the Independent Valuation Firm and other parties involved in valuing our assets and liabilities.
Our valuation procedures and our NAV are not subject to GAAP and will not be subject to independent audit. Our NAV may differ from equity (net assets) reflected on our audited financial statements, even if we are required to adopt a fair value basis of accounting for GAAP financial statement purposes. Additionally, we are dependent on our Advisor to be reasonably aware of material events specific to our properties (such as tenant disputes, damage, litigation and environmental issues) that may cause the value of a property to change materially and to promptly notify the Independent Valuation Firm so that the information may be reflected in the calculation of our NAV. In addition, the implementation and coordination of our valuation procedures include certain subjective judgments of our advisor, such as whether the Independent Valuation Firm should be notified of events specific to our properties that could affect their valuations, as well as of the Independent Valuation Firm and other parties we engage, as to whether adjustments to asset and liability valuations are appropriate. Accordingly, you must rely entirely on our board of directors to adopt appropriate valuation procedures and on the Independent Valuation Firm and other parties we engage in order to arrive at our NAV, which may not correspond to realizable value upon a sale of our assets.
Our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, may adopt changes to the valuation procedures.
Each year our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, will review the appropriateness of our valuation procedures and may, at any time, adopt changes to the valuation procedures. For example, we generally do not undertake to mark to market our real estate-related liabilities, but rather these liabilities are usually included in our determination of NAV at an amount determined in accordance with GAAP. As a result, the realizable value of specific debt investments and real property assets encumbered by debt that are used in the calculation of our NAV may be higher or lower than the value that would be derived if such property-related liabilities were marked to market. In some cases such difference may be significant. We also do not currently include any enterprise value or real estate acquisition costs in our assets calculated for purposes of our NAV. If we acquire real property assets as a portfolio, we may pay a premium over the amount that we would pay for the assets individually. Other public REITs may use different methodologies or assumptions to determine their NAV. As a result, it is important that you pay particular attention to the specific methodologies and assumptions we use to calculate our NAV. Our board of directors may change these or other aspects of our valuation procedures, which changes may have an adverse effect on our NAV and the price at which shares may be repurchased under our share repurchase program. See Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Procedures for more details regarding our valuation methodologies, assumptions and procedures.
Our NAV per share may materially change from quarter to quarter if the valuations of our properties materially change from prior valuations or the actual operating results materially differ from what we originally budgeted.
It is possible that the annual appraisals of our properties may not be spread evenly throughout the year and may differ from the most recent quarterly valuation. As such, when these appraisals are reflected in our Independent Valuation Firms valuation of our real estate portfolio, there may be a material change in our NAV per share for each class of our common stock. Property valuation changes can occur for a variety reasons, such as local real estate market conditions, the financial condition of our tenants, or lease expirations. For example, we will regularly face lease expirations across our portfolio, and as we move further away from lease commencement toward the end of a lease term, the valuation of the underlying property will be expected to drop depending on the likelihood of a renewal or a new lease on similar terms. Such a valuation drop can be particularly significant when closer to a lease expiration, especially for single tenant buildings or where an individual tenant occupies a large portion of a building. We are at the greatest risk of these valuation changes during periods in which we have a large number of lease expirations as well as when the lease of a significant tenant is closer to expiration. Similarly, if a tenant will have an option in the future to purchase one of our properties from us at a price that is less than the current valuation of the property, then if the value of the property exceeds the option price, the valuation will be expected to decline and begin to approach the purchase price as the date of the option approaches. In addition, actual operating results may differ from what we originally budgeted, which may cause a material increase or decrease in the NAV per share amounts. We accrue estimated income and expenses on a quarterly basis based on annual budgets as adjusted from time to time to reflect changes in the business throughout the year. On a periodic basis, we adjust the income and expense accruals we estimated to reflect the income and expenses actually earned and incurred. We will not retroactively adjust the NAV per share of each class for any adjustments. Therefore, because actual results from operations may be better or worse than what we previously budgeted, the adjustment to reflect actual operating results may cause the NAV per share for each class of our common stock to increase or decrease.
The offering prices will change on a quarterly basis and investors will purchase shares at the offering price that is effective at the time their completed subscription agreement is accepted by our dealer manager.
The offering prices for our classes of shares will change on a quarterly basis and investors will need to determine the price by checking our website at www.rodinglobalpropertytrust.com or reading a supplement to our prospectus. Investors will purchase shares at the offering price that is effective at the time that his or her completed subscription agreement has been accepted by our dealer manager. As a result, the offering price may change prior to the acceptance of such subscription by our dealer manager from the price that was effective at the time such investor submitted his or her subscription agreement. In these situations, an investor will be purchasing the shares at the newly changed offering price. See Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation ProceduresDetermination of Offering Prices.
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The U.S. Department of Labor has issued rules that will amend the definition of fiduciary under ERISA and the Code, which could affect the marketing of investments in our shares.
The U.S. Department of Labor has issued rules that will amend the definition of fiduciary under ERISA and the Code. The rules will broaden the definition of fiduciary and make a number of changes to the prohibited transaction exemptions relating to investments by employee benefit plans subject to Title I of ERISA or retirement plans or accounts subject to Section 4975 of the Code (including IRAs). These rules could have a significant effect on the marketing of investments in our shares to such plans or accounts.
Organization and offering costs as a percentage of gross offering proceeds of this offering will be higher if we raise less than the maximum offering amount.
We will reimburse our advisor, our dealer manager and their affiliates for organization and offering costs they incur on our behalf. If we raise less than the maximum offering amount, our organizational and offering costs as a percentage of gross offering proceeds will increase from our estimate and the percentage of offering proceeds available for investment would decrease accordingly. To the extent that our other organizational and offering expenses are greater than anticipated, the amount of offering proceeds available for investment will be reduced, which may have an adverse effect on our results of operations and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
Our stockholders will experience dilution.
If you purchase shares of our common stock in our offering, you will incur immediate dilution equal to the costs of the offering we incur in selling such shares. This means that investors who purchase our shares of common stock will pay a price per share that exceeds the amount available to us to invest in assets.
In addition, our stockholders do not have preemptive rights. After your purchase in this offering, our board may elect to (i) sell additional shares in this or future public offerings, including through the distribution reinvestment plan, (ii) issue equity interests in private offerings, (iii) issue shares to our advisor, or its successors or assigns, in payment of an outstanding fee obligation or (iv) issue shares of our common stock to sellers of assets we acquire in connection with an exchange of limited partnership interests of the operating partnership. To the extent we issue additional equity interests after your purchase in this offering, whether in a primary offering, the distribution reinvestment plan or otherwise, your percentage ownership interest in us will be diluted. In addition, depending upon the terms and pricing of any additional offerings, the use of the proceeds and the value of our investments, you may also experience dilution in the book value and fair value of your shares and in the earnings and distributions per share. Furthermore, you may experience a dilution in the value of your shares depending on the terms and pricing of any share issuances (including the shares being sold in our offering) and the value of our assets at the time of issuance.
Our ability to implement our investment strategy is dependent, in part, upon the ability of our dealer manager to successfully conduct this offering, which makes an investment in us more speculative.
We have retained Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., an affiliate of our sponsor and our advisor, to conduct this offering as our dealer manager. Our dealer manager has not previously acted as a dealer manager for this type of offering or raised proceeds through a similar distribution system. The success of this offering, and our ability to implement our business strategy, is dependent upon the ability of our dealer manager to build and maintain a network of broker-dealers to sell our shares to their clients. If our dealer manager is not successful in establishing, operating and managing this network of broker-dealers, our ability to raise proceeds through this offering will be limited and we may not have adequate capital to implement our investment strategy. In addition, if our dealer manager has difficulties selling our shares of common stock, the amount of proceeds we raise in our offering may be substantially less than the amount we would need to create a diversified portfolio of investments, which could result in less diversification in terms of the type, number and sized of investments that we make. If we are unsuccessful in implementing our investment strategy, you could lose all or a part of your investment.
Our sponsor and its affiliates have not sponsored prior real estate investment programs that otherwise would be required to be disclosed under applicable rules and regulations of the SEC, which means that you will be unable to assess their prior performance with other investment programs.
Our sponsor and its affiliates have not sponsored prior real estate investment programs that otherwise would be required to be disclosed under applicable rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, this prospectus does not contain any information concerning prior performance of our sponsor and its affiliates, which means that you will be unable to assess any results from their prior activities before deciding whether to purchase our shares of common stock.
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The loss of or the inability to obtain key real estate professionals at our advisor and key employees at our dealer manager could delay or hinder implementation of our investment strategies, which could limit our ability to make distributions and decrease the value of your investment.
Our success depends upon the contributions of Messrs. Lehrman, Carpenter and Bisgay . Our advisor does not have an employment agreement with any of these key personnel and we cannot guarantee that all, or any particular one, will remain affiliated with us and/or advisor. If any of these persons were to cease their association with us, whether because they are internalized into other Cantor sponsored programs, or otherwise, our operating results could suffer. We do not intend to maintain key person life insurance on any person. We believe that our future success depends, in large part, upon our advisors and its affiliates ability to attract and retain highly skilled managerial, operational and marketing professionals. There is competition for such professionals , and our advisor and its affiliates may be unsuccessful in attracting and retaining such skilled individuals. If we lose or are unable to obtain the services of highly skilled professionals our ability to implement our investment strategies could be delayed or hindered, and the value of your investment may decline.
We may not meet the minimum offering requirements for our offering, therefore, you may not have access to your funds for one year from the date of this prospectus.
If the minimum offering requirements, including the requirement that we raise gross offering proceeds of at least $2 million, are not met within one year from the date of this prospectus, our offering will terminate. Subscribers who have delivered their funds into escrow, with UMB Bank, N.A., acting as escrow agent, will not have access to those funds until such time. In addition, the interest rate on the funds delivered into escrow may be less than the rate of return you could have achieved from an alternative investment.
In addition, our sponsor or one of its affiliates may purchase shares of our common stock in order to satisfy the minimum offering amount. As such, the satisfaction of the minimum offering amount should not be viewed as an indication of success of our offering and it may not result in our raising sufficient funds to have a diversified portfolio.
If we internalize our management functions, your interests in us could be diluted and we could incur other significant costs associated with being self-managed.
Our board of directors may decide in the future to internalize our management functions. If we do so, we may elect to negotiate to acquire assets of our advisor and/or to directly employ the personnel of our sponsor or its affiliates that our advisor utilizes to perform services on its behalf for us.
Additionally, while we would no longer bear the costs of the various fees and expenses we expect to pay to our advisor under our advisory agreement and to our sub-advisor under the sub-advisory agreement, our additional direct expenses would include general and administrative costs, including certain legal, accounting and other expenses related to corporate governance, SEC reporting and compliance matters that otherwise would be borne by our advisor. We would also be required to employ personnel and would be subject to potential liabilities commonly faced by employers, such as workers disability and compensation claims, potential labor disputes and other employee-related liabilities and grievances as well as incur the compensation and benefits costs of our officers and other employees and consultants that will be paid by our advisor or its affiliates. We may issue equity awards to officers, employees and consultants of our advisor or its affiliates in connection with an internalization transaction, which awards would decrease net income and MFFO and may further dilute your investment. We cannot reasonably estimate the amount of fees to our advisor we would save or the costs we would incur if we became self-managed. If the expenses we assume as a result of an internalization are higher than the expenses we avoid paying to our advisor, our net income and MFFO would be lower as a result of the internalization than it otherwise would have been, potentially decreasing the amount of cash available to distribute to you and the value of your shares.
Internalization transactions involving the acquisition of advisors affiliated with entity sponsors have also, in some cases, been the subject of litigation. Even if these claims are without merit, we could be forced to spend significant amounts of money defending claims which would reduce the amount of funds available for us to invest and cash available to pay distributions.
If we internalize our management functions, we could have difficulty integrating these functions as a stand-alone entity. Currently, our advisor and/or its affiliates perform portfolio management and general and administrative functions, including accounting and financial reporting, for multiple entities. These personnel have substantial know-how and experience which provides us with economies of scale. We may fail to properly identify the appropriate mix of personnel and capital needs to operate as a stand-alone entity. Certain key employees may not become employees of our advisor or sub-advisor but may instead remain employees of our sponsors or their affiliates. An inability to manage an internalization transaction effectively could result in our incurring excess costs and suffering deficiencies in our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting. Such deficiencies could cause us to incur additional costs and our managements attention could be diverted from most effectively managing our investments.
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Our rights and the rights of our stockholders to recover claims against our independent directors are limited, which could reduce your and our recovery against our independent directors if they negligently cause us to incur losses.
Maryland law provides that a director has no liability in that capacity if he performs his duties in good faith, in a manner he reasonably believes to be in our best interests and with the care that an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances. Our charter provides that no independent director shall be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages and that we will generally indemnify them for losses unless they are grossly negligent or engage in willful misconduct. As a result, you and we may have more limited rights against our independent directors than might otherwise exist under common law, which could reduce your and our recovery from these persons if they act in a negligent manner. In addition, we may be obligated to fund the defense costs incurred by our independent directors (as well as by our other directors, officers, employees (if we ever have employees) and agents) in some cases, which would decrease the cash otherwise available for distribution to you.
Our board of directors may change our investment policies generally and at the individual investment level without stockholder approval, which could alter the nature of your investment.
Our charter requires that our independent directors review our investment policies at least annually to determine that the policies we are following are in the best interests of the stockholders. In addition to our investment policies, we also may change our stated strategy for any particular investment. These policies may change over time. The methods of implementing our investment policies also may vary, as new investment techniques are developed. Our investment policies, the methods for their implementation, and our other strategies, policies and procedures may be altered by our board of directors without the approval of our stockholders except to the extent that the policies are set forth in our charter. As a result, the nature of your investment could change without your consent.
We will provide investors with information using FFO and MFFO, which are non-GAAP financial measures that may not be meaningful for comparing the performances of different REITs and that have certain other limitations.
We will provide investors with information using FFO and MFFO, which are non-GAAP measures, as additional measures of our operating performance. We expect to compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by NAREIT. We expect that we will compute MFFO in accordance with the definition established by the IPA. However, our computation of FFO and MFFO may not be comparable to other REITs that do not calculate FFO or MFFO using these definitions without further adjustments. For more information concerning our computation of FFO and MFFO, see Description of Shares Distributions.
FFO and MFFO should be considered in conjunction with reported net income and cash flows from operations computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP, as presented in the financial statements. Neither FFO nor MFFO is equivalent to net income or cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, as an indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity.
Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest
Our advisor and its affiliates, including all of our executive officers and some of our directors and other key real estate professionals, will face conflicts of interest caused by their compensation arrangements with us, which could result in actions that are not in the best interests of our stockholders.
Our executive officers and the key investment professionals relied upon by our advisor are also officers, directors, and managers of certain other Cantor Companies. Our advisor and its affiliates will receive substantial fees from us. These fees could influence our advisors advice to us as well as the judgment of affiliates of our advisor. Among other matters, these compensation arrangements could affect their judgment with respect to:
| the continuation, renewal or enforcement of our agreements with our advisor and its affiliates, including the advisory agreement and the dealer manager agreement; |
| offerings of equity by us, which entitle our dealer manager to dealer-manager fees and will likely entitle our advisor to increased asset management fees; |
| sales of investments, which entitle our advisor to disposition fees and possible subordinated incentive fees; |
| acquisitions of investments and originations of loans, which entitle our advisor to asset management fees and, in the case of acquisitions of investments from other Cantor Companies or affiliates, might entitle affiliates of our advisor to disposition fees and other fees in connection with its services for the seller; |
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| borrowings to acquire investments and to originate loans, which borrowings will increase the asset management fees payable to our advisor; |
| whether and when we seek to list our common stock on a national securities exchange, which listing could entitle an affiliate of our advisor to have their special units redeemed; and |
| whether and when we seek to sell the company or its assets, which sale could entitle an affiliate of our advisor to a disposition fee and/or have their special units redeemed. |
The fees our advisor receives in connection with transactions involving the acquisition or origination of an asset are based on the cost of the investment, and not based on the quality of the investment or the quality of the services rendered to us. This may influence our advisor to recommend riskier transactions to us.
We may compete with other Cantor Companies for investment opportunities for our company, which could negatively impact our ability to locate suitable investments.
Our investment strategy may overlap with some of the strategies of other Cantor Companies. CCRE is primarily in the business of originating and securitizing whole mortgage loans secured by commercial real estate. Opportunities to originate or acquire such loans by CCRE may be competitive with some of our potential investments. Although BGC (which includes Newmark) does not currently acquire properties or interests in real estate properties or originate or acquire loans, in the course of Newmarks business, it may generate fees from the referral of such loan opportunities to third parties. Members of BGCs and CCREs day to day management teams are generally different than our investment professionals. However, both lines of business are under common control with us. CCRE and BGC and their respective subsidiaries are not restricted from competing with our business, whether by originating or acquiring loans that might be suitable for origination or acquisition by us, or by referring loan opportunities to third parties in exchange for fees. CCRE and BGC are not required to refer any such opportunities to us. Our advisor and its affiliates face conflicts of interest relating to performing services on our behalf and allocating investment opportunities to us, and such conflicts may not be resolved in our favor, meaning we could acquire less attractive assets, which could limit our ability to make distributions and reduce your overall investment return.
Our affiliation with Cantor and the relationships of our executive officers, sponsor and advisor may not lead to investment opportunities for us.
There can be no assurance that our affiliation with affiliates of our sponsor or the relationships of our executive officers, sponsor and advisor will result in investment opportunities or service relationships for us on favorable terms, if at all. If we are unable to generate attractive investment opportunities, we will have fewer investments and our ability to pay you distributions will be limited. In addition, certain of our affiliates may be constrained by approvals and/or obligations with respect to third-party investors and as a result may not be able to provide services to us.
Our advisor will face conflicts of interest relating to joint ventures that we may form with affiliates of our advisor, which conflicts could result in a disproportionate benefit to the other venture partners at our expense.
If approved by a majority of our independent directors, we may enter into joint venture agreements with other Cantor Companies or affiliated entities for the acquisition, development or improvement of properties or other investments. Our advisor and its affiliates, the advisors to the other Cantor Companies and the investment advisers to institutional investors in real estate and real estate-related assets, have some of the same executive officers, directors and other key real estate professionals, and these persons will face conflicts of interest in determining which program or investor should enter into any particular joint venture agreement. These persons may also face a conflict in structuring the terms of the relationship between our interests and the interests of the Cantor-affiliated co-venturer and in managing the joint venture. Any joint venture agreement or transaction between us and a Cantor-affiliated co-venturer will not have the benefit of arms-length negotiation of the type normally conducted between unrelated co-venturers. The Cantor-affiliated co-venturer may have economic or business interests or goals that are or may become inconsistent with our business interests or goals. As a result, these co-venturers may benefit to our and your detriment.
The fees we pay to our advisor and its affiliates in connection with our offering and in connection with the management of our investments were not determined on an arms length basis; therefore, we do not have the benefit of arms length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.
The fees to be paid to our advisor, our dealer manager and other affiliates for services they provide for us were not determined on an arms length basis. As a result, the fees have been determined without the benefit of arms length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties and may be in excess of amounts that we would otherwise pay to third parties for such services.
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Our advisor faces conflicts of interest relating to incentive compensation and sponsor support structure, which could result in actions that are not necessarily in the long-term best interests of our stockholders.
Under our advisory agreement, our advisor will be entitled to fees and other amounts that may result in our advisor recommending actions that maximize these amounts even if the actions are not in our best interest. Further, because our advisor does not maintain a significant equity interest in us and is entitled to receive substantial minimum compensation regardless of performance, our advisors interests are not wholly aligned with those of our stockholders. In that regard, our advisor could be motivated to recommend riskier or more speculative investments in order for us to generate the specified levels of performance or sales proceeds that would entitle our advisor to incentive compensation. In addition, our advisors entitlement to fees upon the sale of our investments and to participate in net sales proceeds could result in our advisor recommending sales of our investments at the earliest possible time at which sales of investments would produce the level of return that would entitle our advisor to compensation relating to such sales, even if continued ownership of those investments might be in our best long-term interest. Upon termination of our advisory agreement for any reason, including for cause, our advisor will be paid all accrued and unpaid fees and expense reimbursements earned prior to the date of termination. In addition, unless the advisory agreement was terminated for cause, the special unit holder may be entitled to a one-time payment upon redemption of the special units (based on an appraisal or valuation of our portfolio) in the event that the special unit holder would have been entitled to a subordinated distribution had the portfolio been liquidated on the termination date. In addition, our sponsor will be entitled to reimbursement for its payment of certain selling commissions made on our behalf. To avoid paying these fees, our independent directors may decide against terminating the advisory agreement prior to our listing of our shares of common stock or disposition of our investments even if termination of the advisory agreement would be in our best interest. In addition, the requirement to pay the fee to our advisor upon our advisors termination could cause us to make different investment or disposition decisions than we would otherwise make in order to satisfy our obligation to pay the fee to our advisor.
Our advisor, the real estate professionals assembled by our advisor, their affiliates and our officers will face competing demands on their time and this may cause our operations and your investment to suffer.
We rely on our advisor and the real estate professionals our advisor has assembled, including Messrs. Lehrman, Carpenter and Bisgay, for the day-to-day operation of our business. Messrs. Lehrman, Carpenter and Bisgay are also executive officers or managers of certain other Cantor Companies and affiliates. As a result of their interests in other Cantor Companies and affiliates, their obligations to other investors and the fact that they engage in and they will continue to engage in other business activities on behalf of themselves and others, Messrs. Lehrman, Carpenter and Bisgay will face conflicts of interest in allocating their time among us, our advisor and its affiliates, other Cantor Companies as well as other business activities in which they are involved. During times of intense activity in other programs and ventures, these individuals may devote less time and fewer resources to our business than are desirable. As a result, the returns on our investments, and the value of your investment, may decline.
Our executive officers and our advisors and its affiliates key investment professionals who perform services for us perform services for other entities to whom they may also owe duties that will conflict with their duties to us.
Our executive officers and our advisors and its affiliates key investment professionals provide services for multiple Cantor Companies. As a result, they owe duties to each of these entities, their members and limited partners and investors, which duties may from time-to-time conflict with the fiduciary duties that they owe to us and stockholders. In addition, our sponsor may grant equity interests in our advisor and the special unit holder, to certain management personnel performing services for our advisor. The loyalties of these individuals to other entities and investors could result in action or inaction that is detrimental to our business, which could harm the implementation of our business strategy and our investment opportunities. If we do not successfully implement our business strategy, we may be unable to generate the cash needed to make distributions to stockholders and to maintain or increase the value of our assets.
Because other real estate programs may be offered through our dealer manager concurrently with our offering, our dealer manager may face potential conflicts of interest arising from competition among us and these other programs for investors and investment capital, and such conflicts may not be resolved in our favor.
Our dealer manager may also act as the dealer manager for the public and private offerings of other programs sponsored by our sponsor, other Cantor Companies or unaffiliated sponsors. In addition, future programs sponsored by our sponsor, other Cantor Companies or unaffiliated sponsors may seek to raise capital through public offerings conducted concurrently with our offering. As a result, our dealer manager may face conflicts of interest arising from potential competition with these other programs for investors and investment capital. Our sponsor will generally seek to avoid simultaneous offerings by programs that have a substantially similar mix of investment characteristics, including targeted investment types and strategies. Nevertheless, there may be periods during which one or more programs sponsored by our sponsor will be raising capital and may compete with us for investment capital. Such conflicts may not be resolved in our favor and you will not have the opportunity to evaluate the manner in which these conflicts of interest are resolved before or after making your investment.
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Risks Related to This Offering and Our Corporate Structure
Our charter limits the number of shares a person may own, which may discourage a takeover that could otherwise result in a premium price to our stockholders.
Our charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our directors to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT. To help us comply with the REIT ownership requirements of the Internal Revenue Code, our charter prohibits a person from directly or constructively owning more than 9.8% in value of our outstanding stock or more than 9.8% in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our outstanding common stock, unless exempted (prospectively or retroactively) by our board of directors. This restriction may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us, including an extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale of all or substantially all of our assets) that might provide a premium price for holders of our common stock.
Our charter permits our board of directors to issue stock with terms that may subordinate the rights of our common stockholders or discourage a third party from acquiring us in a manner that could result in a premium price to our stockholders.
Our board of directors may classify or reclassify any unissued common stock or preferred stock into other classes or series of stock and establish the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of redemption of any such stock. Thus, our board of directors could authorize the issuance of preferred stock with priority as to distributions and amounts payable upon liquidation over the rights of the holders of our common stock. Such preferred stock could also have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us, including an extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale of all or substantially all of our assets) that might provide a premium price to holders of our common stock.
Maintenance of our Investment Company Act exemption imposes limits on our operations.
Neither we nor our operating partnership nor any of the subsidiaries of our operating partnership intend to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. We intend to make investments and conduct our operations so that we are not required to register as an investment company. If we were obligated to register as an investment company, we would have to comply with a variety of substantive requirements under the Investment Company Act that impose, among other things:
| limitations on capital structure; |
| restrictions on specified investments; |
| prohibitions on transactions with affiliates; and |
| compliance with reporting, recordkeeping, voting, proxy disclosure and other rules and regulations that would significantly increase our operating expenses. |
Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuers total assets (exclusive of U. S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, which we refer to as the 40% test. Excluded from the term investment securities, among other things, are securities issued by majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exclusion from the definition of investment company set forth in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act (non-investment companies) .
Because we are a holding company that conducts its businesses through subsidiaries, the securities issued by our subsidiaries that rely on the exclusion from the definition of investment company in Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act, together with any other investment securities we may own directly, may not have a combined value in excess of 40% of the value of our total assets on an unconsolidated basis. This requirement limits the types of businesses in which we may engage through these joint venture partnerships and subsidiaries. For the purposes of the 40% test, however, we take the position that general partnership interests in joint ventures structured as general partnerships are not considered securities at all and thus are not investment securities. We must monitor our holdings and those of our operating partnership to ensure that the value of their investment securities does not exceed 40% of their respective total assets (exclusive of U. S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. Through our operating partnerships subsidiaries, we and our operating partnership will be primarily engaged in the non-investment company businesses of these subsidiaries, namely the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate.
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One or more of our subsidiaries or subsidiaries of the operating partnership may seek to rely on the exclusion from the definition of an investment company under Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, which is available for entities primarily engaged in [the business of] purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate. This exclusion generally requires that at least 55% of a subsidiarys portfolio be comprised of qualifying interests and at least 80% of its portfolio must be comprised of qualifying interests and real estate- type interests (and no more than 20% comprised of miscellaneous assets).
Although we do not intend to be an investment company by virtue of the application of the 40% test discussed above, we, the operating partnership and/or our direct or indirect subsidiaries may seek to rely upon the exclusion from the definition of investment company provided by Section 3(c)(6) of the Investment Company Act, which is available for holding company-type entities primarily engaged, directly or through majority-owned subsidiaries, in one or more of the business described in [Sections 3(c)(3), 3(c)(4) and 3(c)(5), including Section 3(c)(5)(C), of the Investment Company Act] In the context of a parent holding company conducting its business through its subsidiaries relying upon the Section 3(c)(5)(C) exclusion, we interpret primarily engaged element of the 3(c)(6) exclusion to require that at least 55% of the parent companys assets to be employed in, and that at least 55% of the parent companys income to be derived from, the parent companys majority- and wholly-owned subsidiaries that qualify for the 3(c)(5)(C) exclusion.
Qualification for an exclusion from registration under the Investment Company Act will limit our ability to acquire or sell certain assets and also could restrict the time at which we may acquire or sell assets. For purposes of the exclusions provided by Sections 3(c)(5)(C), we will classify our investments based in large measure on no-action letters issued by the SEC staff and other SEC interpretive guidance and, in the absence of SEC guidance, on our view of what constitutes a qualifying interest and a real estate-type interest. For purposes of the Section 3(c)(6) exclusion, we will make determinations of whether or not a parent holding company is primarily engaged in the Section 3(c)(3), 3(c)(4) and 3(c)(5), including Section 3(c)(5)(C), businesses of its majority- and wholly-owned subsidiaries based in large measure on no-action letters issued by the SEC staff and other SEC interpretive guidance and, in the absence of SEC guidance, on our view thereof. These no-action positions were and are issued in accordance with factual situations that may be substantially different from the factual situations we may face and a number of these no-action positions related to Section 3(c)(5)(C) were issued more than twenty years ago. In August 2011, the SEC issued a concept release in which it asked for comments on various aspects of Section 3(c)(5)(C) and accordingly, the SEC or its staff may issue further guidance in the future. Future revisions to the Investment Company Act or further guidance from the SEC or its staff may force us to re-evaluate our portfolio and our investment strategy. See Prospectus Summary Investment Company Act Considerations.
The loss of our Investment Company Act exemption could require us to register as an investment company or substantially change the way we conduct our business, either of which may have an adverse effect on us and the market price of our common stock.
On August 31, 2011, the SEC published a concept release (Release No. 29778, File No. S7-34-11, Companies Engaged in the Business of Acquiring Mortgages and Mortgage Related Instruments ), pursuant to which it is reviewing whether certain companies that invest in mortgage-backed securities and rely on the exclusion from registration under Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, related to such investment activity (which may include one or more of our direct subsidiaries), should continue to be allowed to rely on such an exclusion from registration. If the SEC or its staff takes action with respect to this exclusion, these changes could mean that certain of our subsidiaries could no longer rely on the Section 3(c)(5)(C) exclusion and would have to rely on Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7), which would mean that our investment in those subsidiaries would be investment securities. This could result in our failure to maintain our exclusion from registration as an investment company.
If we fail to maintain an exclusion from registration as an investment company, either because of SEC interpretational changes or otherwise, we could, among other things, be required either: (i) to substantially change the manner in which we conduct our operations to avoid being required to register as an investment company; or (ii) to register as an investment company, either of which could have an adverse effect on us and the market price of our common stock. If we are required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, we would become subject to substantial regulation with respect to our capital structure (including our ability to use leverage), management, operations, transactions with affiliated persons (as defined in the Investment Company Act), portfolio composition, including restrictions with respect to diversification and industry concentration and other matters.
You will have limited control over changes in our policies and operations, which increases the uncertainty and risks you face as a stockholder.
Our board of directors determines our major policies, including our policies regarding financing, growth, debt capitalization, REIT qualification and distributions. Our board of directors may amend or revise these and other policies without a vote of the stockholders. Under Maryland General Corporation Law and our charter, our stockholders have a right to vote only on the following limited matters:
| the election or removal of directors; |
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| the amendment of our charter, except that our board of directors may amend our charter without stockholder approval to (a) increase or decrease the aggregate number of our shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we have the authority to issue, (b) effect certain reverse stock splits, and (c) change our name or the name or other designation or the par value of any class or series of our stock and the aggregate par value of our stock; |
| our liquidation or dissolution; |
| our conversion; |
| statutory share exchanges; |
| certain reorganizations of our company, as provided in our charter; and |
| certain mergers, consolidations or sales or other dispositions of all or substantially all our assets, as provided in our charter. |
Our boards broad discretion in setting policies and our stockholders inability to exert control over those policies increases the uncertainty and risks you face as a stockholder.
If we do not successfully implement a liquidity transaction, you may have to hold your investment for an indefinite period.
Our charter does not require our board of directors to pursue a transaction providing liquidity to you. If our board of directors determines to pursue a liquidity transaction, we would be under no obligation to conclude the process within a set time. If we adopt a plan of liquidation and/or sale, the timing of the sale of assets will depend on real estate and financial markets, economic conditions in areas in which our investments are located and federal income tax effects on you that may prevail in the future. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to liquidate all of our assets on favorable terms, if at all. In addition, we are not restricted from effecting a liquidity transaction with a company affiliated with Cantor, which may result in certain conflicts of interest. After we adopt a plan of liquidation and/or sale, we would likely remain in existence until all our investments are liquidated. If we do not pursue a liquidity transaction or delay such a transaction due to market conditions, our common stock may continue to be illiquid and you may, for an indefinite period of time, be unable to convert your shares to cash easily, if at all, and could suffer losses on your investment in our shares.
You may be more likely to sustain a loss on your investment because our sponsor may not have as strong an economic incentive to avoid losses as do some sponsors who have made significant equity investments in their companies.
Our sponsor has only invested $200,001 in us through the purchase of 8,180 Class A Shares at $24.45 per share. Therefore, if we are successful in raising enough proceeds to reimburse our sponsor for our significant organization and offering expenses, our sponsor will have little exposure to loss in the value of our shares. Without this exposure, our investors may be at a greater risk of loss because our sponsor does not have as much to lose from a decrease in the value of our shares as do certain other sponsors who make more significant equity investments in their companies.
You may not be able to sell your shares under our share repurchase program and, if you are able to sell your shares under the program, you may not be able to recover fully the amount of your investment in our shares.
Our share repurchase program includes numerous restrictions that limit your ability to sell your shares. You must hold your shares for at least one year in order to participate in the share repurchase program, except for redemptions sought upon a stockholders death, qualifying disability or determination of incompetence. We limit the number of shares repurchased pursuant to the share repurchase program as follows: (i) during any calendar year, we may repurchase no more than 5% of the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the prior calendar year and (ii) unless our board of directors determines otherwise, the funds available for repurchase in each quarter will be limited to the funds received from the distribution reinvestment plan in the prior quarter. Further, we have no obligation to repurchase shares if the repurchase would violate the restrictions on distributions under Maryland law, which prohibits distributions that would cause a corporation to fail to meet statutory tests of solvency. These limits may prevent us from accommodating all repurchase requests made in any year. Our board is free to amend, suspend or terminate the share repurchase program upon 10 business days notice. See Description of Shares Share Repurchase Program for more information about the program. The restrictions of our share repurchase program will severely limit your ability to sell your shares should you require liquidity and will limit your ability to recover the value you invest in us.
Because the dealer manager is one of our affiliates, you will not have the benefit of an independent due diligence review of us, the absence of which increases the risks and uncertainty you face as a stockholder.
Our dealer manager, Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., is one of our affiliates. Because our dealer manager is an affiliate, its due diligence review and investigation of us and the prospectus cannot be considered to be an independent review. Therefore, you do not have the benefit of an independent review and investigation of this offering of the type normally performed by an unaffiliated, independent underwriter in a public securities offering.
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Payment of fees to our advisor and its affiliates will reduce cash available for investment and distribution and increases the risk that you will not be able to recover the amount of your investment in our shares.
Our advisor and its affiliates will perform services for us in connection with the selection, acquisition, origination, management, and administration of our investments. We will pay them substantial fees for these services, which will result in immediate dilution to the value of your investment and will reduce the amount of cash available for investment or distribution to stockholders. Compensation to be paid to our advisor may be increased, subject to approval by our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, and the other limitations in our advisory agreement and charter, which would further dilute your investment and reduce the amount of cash available for investment or distribution to stockholders. Depending primarily upon the number of shares of each class we sell in our primary offering and assuming that 40% of the proceeds are from the sale of Class A Shares at a price of $ 26.32 per Class A Share in our primary offering and $ 25.00 per Class A Share in our distribution reinvestment plan, 50% of the proceeds are from the sale of Class T Shares at a price of $ 25.52 per Class T Share in our primary offering and $ 25.00 per Class T Share in our distribution reinvestment plan and 10% of the proceeds are from the sale of Class I Shares at a price of $ 25.00 per Class I Share in our primary offering and $ 25.00 per Class I Share in our distribution reinvestment plan, we estimate that we will use 96.6% (assuming the full payment of sponsor support and all shares available pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan are sold) of the gross proceeds from the primary offering for investments.
These fees increase the risk that the amount available for distribution to common stockholders upon a liquidation of our portfolio would be less than the purchase price of the shares in this offering. These substantial fees and other payments also increase the risk that you will not be able to resell your shares at a profit, even if our shares are listed on a national securities exchange. For a discussion of our fee arrangement with our advisor and its affiliates, see Management Compensation.
Failure to procure adequate capital and funding would negatively impact our results and may, in turn, negatively affect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
We will depend upon the availability of adequate funding and capital for our operations. The failure to secure acceptable financing could reduce our taxable income, as our investments would no longer generate the same level of net income due to the lack of funding or increase in funding costs. A reduction in our net income could reduce our liquidity and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. We cannot assure you that any, or sufficient, funding or capital will be available to us in the future on terms that are acceptable to us. Therefore, in the event that we cannot obtain sufficient funding on acceptable terms, there may be a negative impact on our ability to make distributions.
Our charter includes a provision that may discourage a stockholder from launching a tender offer for our shares.
Our charter provides that any tender offer made by a person, including any mini-tender offer, must comply with most provisions of Regulation 14D of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The offeror must provide our company notice of such tender offer at least 10 business days before initiating the tender offer. If the offeror does not comply with these requirements, no person may transfer any shares held by such person to the offeror without first offering the shares to us at the tender offer price offered in such tender offer. In addition, the noncomplying offeror person shall be responsible for all of our companys expenses in connection with that offerors noncompliance. This provision of our charter may discourage a person from initiating a tender offer for our shares and prevent you from receiving a premium price for your shares in such a transaction.
Risks Related to Investments in Real Estate
Our investments will be subject to the risks typically associated with real estate.
We intend to invest in a diverse portfolio of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets. Each of these investments will be subject to the risks typically associated with real estate. The value of real estate may be adversely affected by a number of risks, including:
| natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes and floods; |
| acts of war or terrorism, including the consequences of terrorist attacks, such as those that occurred on September 11, 2001; |
| adverse changes in national and local economic and real estate conditions; |
| an oversupply of (or a reduction in demand for) space in the areas where particular properties are located and the attractiveness of particular properties to prospective tenants; |
| changes in governmental laws and regulations, fiscal policies and zoning ordinances and the related costs of compliance therewith and the potential for liability under applicable laws; |
| costs of remediation and liabilities associated with environmental conditions affecting properties; |
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| the potential for uninsured or underinsured property losses; and |
| periods of high interest rates and tight money supply. |
The value of each property is affected significantly by its ability to generate cash flow and net income, which in turn depends on the amount of rental or other income that can be generated net of expenses required to be incurred with respect to the property. Many expenditures associated with properties (such as operating expenses and capital expenditures) cannot be reduced when there is a reduction in income from the properties. These factors may have a material adverse effect on our ability to pay expenses on properties that are not triple net leased, on the ability of our tenants to pay their rent and of our borrowers to pay their loans, as well as on the value that we can realize from other real estate-related assets we originate, own or acquire.
We intend to invest primarily in commercial real estate related assets; therefore, our results will be affected by factors that affect the commercial real estate industry, including volatility in economic conditions and fluctuations in interest rates.
Our operating results are subject to risks generally incident to the ownership of commercial real estate, including:
| volatility in general economic conditions; |
| changes in supply of or demand for similar or competing properties in a geographic area; |
| changes in interest rates and availability of permanent mortgage funds that may render the sale of a property difficult or unattractive; |
| the illiquidity of real estate investments generally; |
| changes in tax, real estate, environmental and zoning laws; and |
| periods of high interest rates and tight money supply. |
For these and other reasons, we cannot assure you that we will be profitable or that we will realize growth in the value of our commercial real estate properties.
We may have difficulty selling or re-leasing our properties, and this lack of liquidity may limit our ability to quickly change our portfolio in response to changes in economic or other conditions.
Real estate investments generally have less liquidity compared to other financial assets and this lack of liquidity may limit our ability to quickly change our portfolio in response to changes in economic or other conditions. The leases we may enter into or acquire may be for properties that are specially suited to the particular needs of our tenant. With these properties, if the current lease is terminated or not renewed, we may be required to renovate the property or to make rent concessions in order to lease the property to another tenant. In addition, if we are forced to sell the property, we may have difficulty selling it to a party other than the tenant due to the special purpose for which the property may have been designed. These and other limitations may affect our ability to sell properties without adversely affecting returns to our stockholders.
The commercial real estate industry has been and may continue to be adversely affected by economic conditions in the United States and the global financial markets generally.
Our business and operations are dependent on the commercial real estate industry generally, which in turn is dependent upon broad economic conditions in the United States and abroad. The U.S. economy is continuing to experience relatively slow growth even though the broader markets are experiencing stress. A worsening of economic conditions would likely have a negative impact on the commercial real estate industry generally and on our business and operations specifically. Additionally, disruptions in the global economy, whether as a result of recent economic conditions in China and the Euro-zone, regional conflict or otherwise, may also have a negative impact on the commercial real estate market domestically. Adverse conditions in the commercial real estate industry could harm our business and financial condition by, among other factors, reducing the value of our existing assets, limiting our access to debt and equity capital, harming our ability to originate new commercial real estate debt and otherwise negatively impacting our operations.
Properties that have vacancies for a significant period of time could be difficult to sell, which could diminish the return on your investment.
A property may incur vacancies either by the continued default of tenants under their leases or the expiration of tenant leases. If vacancies continue for a long period of time, we may suffer reduced revenues resulting in less cash to be distributed to stockholders. In addition, because properties market values depend principally upon the value of the properties leases, the resale value of properties with prolonged vacancies could suffer, which could further reduce your return.
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Our inability to sell a property when we desire to do so could adversely impact our ability to pay cash distributions to you.
The real estate market is affected by many factors, such as general economic conditions, availability of financing, interest rates and other factors, including supply and demand, that are beyond our control. We cannot predict whether we will be able to sell any property for the price or on the terms set by us, or whether any price or other terms offered by a prospective purchaser would be acceptable to us. We cannot predict the length of time needed to find a willing purchaser and to close the sale of a property.
We may be required to expend funds to correct defects or to make improvements before a property can be sold. We cannot assure you that we will have funds available to correct such defects or to make such improvements.
Moreover, in acquiring a property, we may agree to restrictions that prohibit the sale of that property for a period of time or impose other restrictions, such as a limitation on the amount of debt that can be placed or repaid on that property. These provisions would restrict our ability to sell a property.
We may not be able to sell our properties at a price equal to, or greater than, the price for which we purchased such property, which may lead to a decrease in the value of our assets.
Our leases may not contain rental increases over time. Therefore, the value of the property to a potential purchaser may not increase over time, which may restrict our ability to sell a property, or if we are able to sell such property, may lead to a sale price less than the price that we paid to purchase the property.
Our success is materially dependent upon the financial stability of our tenants.
We intend to invest primarily in direct equity, joint venture equity, preferred equity, and mezzanine loans related to properties that are net leased to single tenant occupants on a long term basis, and therefore the success of our investments is materially dependent on the financial stability of these tenants. Lease payment defaults by tenants could negatively impact our net income and reduce the amounts available for distributions to our stockholders. A default of a tenant on its lease payment to us could cause us to lose the revenue from the property and require us to find an alternative source of revenue to meet any mortgage payment and prevent a foreclosure if the property is subject to a mortgage. In the event of a default, we may experience delays in enforcing our rights as landlord and may incur substantial costs in protecting our investment and re-leasing our property. If a lease is terminated, there is no assurance that we will be able to re-lease the property for the rent previously received or sell the property without incurring a loss. A failure by any of our tenants to meet their obligations to us could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and on our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
We will depend on tenants for our revenue, and therefore our revenue will be dependent on the success and economic viability of our tenants. Our reliance on single or significant tenants in certain buildings may decrease our ability to lease vacated space.
We expect that rental income from real property will, directly or indirectly, constitute a significant portion of our income. Delays in collecting accounts receivable from tenants could adversely affect our cash flows and financial condition. In addition, the inability of a single major tenant or a number of smaller tenants to meet their rental obligations would adversely affect our income. Therefore, our financial success will be indirectly dependent on the success of the businesses operated by the tenants in our properties or in the properties securing loans we may own. The weakening of the financial condition of or the bankruptcy or insolvency of a significant tenant or a number of smaller tenants and vacancies caused by defaults of tenants or the expiration of leases, may adversely affect our operations and our ability to pay distributions.
Generally, under U.S. bankruptcy law, a debtor tenant has 120 days to exercise the option of assuming or rejecting the obligations under any unexpired lease for nonresidential real property, which period may be extended once by the bankruptcy court. If the tenant assumes its lease, the tenant must cure all defaults under the lease and may be required to provide adequate assurance of its future performance under the lease. If the tenant rejects the lease, we will have a claim against the tenants bankruptcy estate. Although rent owing for the period between filing for bankruptcy and rejection of the lease may be afforded administrative expense priority and paid in full, pre-bankruptcy arrears and amounts owing under the remaining term of the lease will be afforded general unsecured claim status (absent collateral securing the claim). Moreover, amounts owing under the remaining term of the lease will be capped. Other than equity and subordinated claims, general unsecured claims are the last claims paid in a bankruptcy and therefore funds may not be available to pay such claims in full. In addition, while the specifics of the bankruptcy laws of international jurisdictions may differ from the U.S. bankruptcy laws described herein, the bankruptcy or insolvency of a significant tenant or a number of smaller tenants at any of the international properties we may acquire, may similarly adversely impact our operations and our ability to pay distributions.
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We expect for the significant portion of our properties to be leased to a single or significant tenant and, accordingly, may be suited to the particular or unique needs of such tenant. We may have difficulty replacing such a tenant if the floor plan of the vacant space limits the types of businesses that can use the space without major renovation. In addition, the resale value of the property could be diminished because the market value of a particular property will depend principally upon the value of the leases of such property.
Leases with retail properties tenants may restrict us from re-leasing space.
We may invest in retail properties. Most leases with retail tenants contain provisions giving the particular tenant the exclusive right to sell particular types of merchandise or provide specific types of services within the particular retail center. These provisions may limit the number and types of prospective tenants interested in leasing space in a particular retail property.
We may invest in healthcare properties. Adverse trends in healthcare provider operations may negatively affect our lease revenues and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
We may invest in healthcare properties. The healthcare industry currently is experiencing changes in the demand for and methods of delivering healthcare services; changes in third party reimbursement policies; significant unused capacity in certain areas, which has created substantial competition for patients among healthcare providers in those areas; continuing pressure by private and governmental payors to reduce payments to providers of services; and increased scrutiny of billing, referral and other practices by federal and state authorities. These factors may adversely affect the economic performance of some or all of our tenants and, in turn, our lease revenues and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
We or our borrowers may be unable to renew leases, lease vacant space or re-lease space as leases expire, which could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to satisfy our debt service obligations.
We cannot assure you that leases will be renewed or that properties will be re-leased at rental rates equal to or above existing rental rates or that substantial rent abatements, tenant improvements, early termination rights or tenant-favorable renewal options will not be offered to attract new tenants or retain existing tenants. If the rental rates at properties decrease, existing tenants do not renew their leases or do not re-lease a significant portion of available space and space for which leases will expire, our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash flow available to pay debt service and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders and to satisfy our principal and interest obligations would be adversely affected. Moreover, the resale value of properties could be diminished because the market value of properties depends upon the value of the leases associated with the properties.
Adverse changes in general economic conditions can adversely affect our business.
Our success is dependent upon economic conditions in the U.S. generally, and in the geographic areas internationally in which our investments are located. Adverse changes in national economic conditions or in the economic conditions of the international regions in which we conduct substantial business likely would have an adverse effect on real estate values and, accordingly, our financial performance, and our ability to pay distributions.
We may recognize substantial impairment charges on our properties.
We may incur substantial impairment charges, which we are required to recognize whenever we sell a property for less than its carrying value or we determine that the carrying amount of the property is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value (or, for direct financing leases, that the unguaranteed residual value of the underlying property has declined). By their nature, the timing or extent of impairment charges are not predictable. Impairment charges reduce our net income, although they do not necessarily affect our cash flow from operations.
We have no established investment criteria limiting the geographic or industry concentration of our investments. If our investments are concentrated in an area or asset class that experiences adverse economic conditions, our investments may lose value and we may experience losses.
Properties that we acquire may be concentrated in a geographic location or in a particular asset class and certain of our investments may be secured by a single property or properties in one geographic location or asset class. These investments carry the risks associated with significant geographical or industry concentration. We have not established and do not plan to establish any investment criteria to limit our exposure to these risks for future investments. As a result, our properties or properties underlying our investments may be overly concentrated in certain geographic areas or industries and we may experience losses as a result. A worsening of economic conditions, a natural disaster or civil disruptions in a geographic area in which our investments may be concentrated or economic upheaval with respect to a particular asset class, could have an adverse effect on our business, including impairing the value of our properties or of our collateral or reducing the demand for new financings and limiting the ability of borrowers to pay financed amounts.
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We have no established investment criteria limiting the size of each investment we make. If we have an investment that represents a material percentage of our assets and that investment experiences a loss, the value of your investment in us could be significantly diminished.
We are not limited in the size of any single investment we may make and certain of our investments may represent a significant percentage of our assets. We may be unable to raise significant capital and invest in a diverse portfolio of assets which would increase our asset concentration risk. Any such investment may carry the risk associated with a significant asset concentration. Should any investment representing a material percentage of our assets, experience a loss on all or a portion of the investment, we could experience a material adverse effect, which would result in the value of your investment in us being diminished.
Liability for uninsured losses could adversely affect our financial condition.
Losses from disaster-type occurrences (such as wars, terrorist activities, floods or earthquakes) may be either uninsurable or not insurable on economically viable terms. Should an uninsured loss or a loss in excess of the limits of our insurance occur, we could lose our capital investment and/or anticipated profits and cash flow from one or more investments, which in turn could cause the value of the shares and distributions to our stockholders to be reduced.
Our joint venture partners could take actions that decrease the value of an investment to us and lower your overall return.
We may enter into joint ventures with one or more of our affiliates or third parties to make investments. We may also make investments in partnerships or other co-ownership arrangements or participations. Such investments may involve risks not otherwise present with other methods of investment, including, for example, the following risks:
| that our co-venturer or partner in an investment could become insolvent or bankrupt; |
| that such co-venturer or partner may at any time have economic or business interests or goals that are or that become inconsistent with our business interests or goals; or |
| that such co-venturer or partner may be in a position to take action contrary to our instructions or requests or contrary to our policies or objectives. |
Any of the above might subject us to liabilities and thus reduce our returns on our investment with that co-venturer or partner.
Because we may invest in properties, or make investments related to properties, located outside the U.S., we are exposed to additional risks.
We may invest in properties, or make investments related to properties, located outside the U.S. These investments may be affected by factors particular to the laws of the jurisdiction in which the property is located. These investments may expose us to risks that are different from and in addition to those commonly found in the U.S., including:
| changing governmental rules and policies; |
| enactment of laws relating to the foreign ownership of property and laws relating to the ability of foreign entities to remove invested capital or profits earned from activities within the country to the U.S.; |
| expropriation of investments; |
| legal systems under which our ability to enforce contractual rights and remedies may be more limited than would be the case under U.S. law; |
| difficulty in conforming obligations in other countries and the burden of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws, which may be more stringent than U.S. laws, including tax requirements and land use, zoning, and environmental laws, as well as changes in such laws; |
| adverse market conditions caused by changes in national or local economic or political conditions; |
| tax requirements vary by country and we may be subject to additional taxes as a result of our international investments; |
| changes in relative interest rates; |
| changes in the availability, cost and terms of mortgage funds resulting from varying national economic policies; |
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| changes in real estate and other tax rates and other operating expenses in particular countries; |
| changes in land use and zoning laws; |
| more stringent environmental laws or changes in such laws; and |
| restrictions and/or significant costs in repatriating cash and cash equivalents held in foreign bank accounts. |
In addition, the lack of publicly available information in certain jurisdictions in accordance with GAAP could impair our ability to analyze transactions and may cause us to forego an investment opportunity.
It may also impair our ability to receive timely and accurate financial information from tenants necessary to meet our reporting obligations to financial institutions or governmental or regulatory agencies.
Also, we may engage third-party asset managers in international jurisdictions to monitor compliance with legal requirements and lending agreements with respect to properties we own. Failure to comply with applicable requirements may expose us or our operating subsidiaries to additional liabilities.
Investments in properties or other real estate investments outside the United States subject us to foreign currency risks, which may adversely affect distributions and our REIT status.
Revenues generated from any properties or other real estate investments we acquire or ventures we enter into relating to transactions involving assets located in markets outside the United States likely will be denominated in the local currency. Therefore, any investments we make outside the United States may subject us to foreign currency risk due to potential fluctuations in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. As a result, changes in exchange rates of any such foreign currency to U.S. dollars may affect our revenues, operating margins and distributions and may also affect the book value of our assets and the amount of stockholders equity.
Changes in foreign currency exchange rates used to value a REITs foreign assets may be considered changes in the value of the REITs assets. These changes may adversely affect our status as a REIT. Further, bank accounts in foreign currency which are not considered cash or cash equivalents may adversely affect our status as a REIT.
Inflation in foreign countries, along with government measures to curb inflation, may have an adverse effect on our investments.
Certain countries have in the past experienced extremely high rates of inflation. Inflation, along with governmental measures to curb inflation, coupled with public speculation about possible future governmental measures to be adopted, has had significant negative effects on these international economies in the past and this could occur again in the future. The introduction of governmental policies to curb inflation can have an adverse effect on our business. High inflation in the countries where we purchase real estate or make other investments could increase our expenses and we may not be able to pass these increased costs on to our tenants.
Concerns regarding market perceptions concerning the instability of foreign currencies could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financing.
Concerns persist regarding the debt burden of certain countries and their ability to meet future financial obligations, including the overall stability of the euro and the suitability of the euro as a single currency given the diverse economic and political circumstances in individual Eurozone countries. These concerns could lead to the re-introduction of individual currencies in one or more Eurozone countries, or, in more extreme circumstances, the possible dissolution of the euro currency entirely. Should the euro dissolve entirely, the legal and contractual consequences for holders of euro-denominated obligations would be determined by laws in effect at such time. Any potential negative developments regarding the instability of foreign currencies, or market perceptions concerning these and related issues, could materially adversely affect the value of assets, including any euro-denominated assets and obligations we may acquire.
If we enter into long-term leases with tenants, those leases may not result in market rental rates over time, which could adversely affect our revenues and ability to make distributions to you.
We expect that the majority of our leases will be long-term operating leases. Long-term leases, as well as leases with renewal options that specify a maximum rent increase, may not allow for market-based or significant increases in rental payments during the term of the lease. If we do not accurately judge the potential for increases in market rental rates when negotiating these long-term leases, we may have no ability to terminate those leases or to adjust the rent to then-prevailing market rates. These circumstances could negatively impact our operating results and affect our ability to make distributions to you.
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Highly leveraged tenants may have a higher possibility of filing for bankruptcy or insolvency.
Highly leveraged tenants that experience downturns in their operating results due to adverse changes to their business or economic conditions may have a higher possibility of filing for bankruptcy or insolvency. In bankruptcy or insolvency, a tenant may have the option of vacating a property instead of paying rent. Until such a property is released from bankruptcy, our revenues may be reduced and could cause us to reduce distributions to stockholders.
We may incur costs to finish build-to-suit properties.
We may acquire undeveloped land or partially developed buildings for the purpose of owning to-be-built facilities for a prospective tenant. The primary risks of a build-to-suit project are potential for failing to meet an agreed-upon delivery schedule and cost overruns, which may among other things, cause the total project costs to exceed the original budget. In some cases, the prospective tenant will bear these risks. However, in other instances we may be required to bear these risks, which means that we may have to advance funds to cover cost-overruns that we would not be able to recover through increased rent payments or that we may experience delays in the project that delay commencement of rent. We will attempt to minimize these risks through guaranteed maximum price contracts, review of contractor financials and completed plans and specifications prior to commencement of construction. The incurrence of the costs described above or any non-occupancy by the tenant upon completion may reduce the projects and our portfolios returns or result in losses to us.
Our operating results may be negatively affected by potential development and construction delays and resultant increased costs and risks.
We may use proceeds from this offering to acquire properties upon which we will construct improvements. If we engage in development or construction projects, we will be subject to uncertainties associated with re-zoning for development, environmental concerns of governmental entities and/or community groups, and our builders ability to build in conformity with plans, specifications, budgeted costs, and timetables. If a builder fails to perform, we may resort to legal action to rescind the purchase or the construction contract or to compel performance. A builders performance may also be affected or delayed by conditions beyond the builders control. Delays in completion of construction could also give tenants the right to terminate preconstruction leases. We may incur additional risks if we make periodic progress payments or other advances to builders before they complete construction. These and other such factors can result in increased costs of a project or loss of our investment. We also must rely on rental income and expense projections and estimates of the fair market value of property upon completion of construction when agreeing upon a price at the time we acquire the property. If our projections are inaccurate, we may pay too much for a property, and our return on our investment could suffer.
Lease agreements may have specific provisions that create risks to our business and may adversely affect us.
Our lease agreements are regulated by local, municipal, state and federal laws, which may grant certain rights to tenants, such as the compulsory renewal of their lease by filing lease renewal actions when certain legal conditions are met. A lease renewal action may represent two principal risks for us: if we planned to vacate a given unit in order to change or adapt an assets mix of tenants, the tenant could remain in that unit by filing a lease renewal action and interfere with our strategy; and if we desired to increase the lease price for a specific unit, this increase may need to be approved in the course of a lease renewal action, and the final value could be decided at the discretion of a judge. We would then be subject to the courts interpretation and decision, and could be forced to accept an even lower price for the lease of the unit. The compulsory renewal of our lease agreements and/or the judicial review of our lease prices may adversely affect our cash flow and our operating results.
Certain of our lease agreements may not be triple net leases, under which the lessee undertakes to pay all the expenses of maintaining the leased property, including insurance, taxes, utilities and repairs. We will be exposed to higher maintenance, taxes, and property management expenses with respect to all of our leases that are not triple net.
Environmentally hazardous conditions may adversely affect our operating results.
Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, a current or previous owner or operator of property may be liable for the cost of removing or remediating hazardous or toxic substances on such property. Such laws often impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. Even if more than one person may have been responsible for the contamination, each person covered by the environmental laws may be held responsible for all of the clean-up costs incurred. In addition, third parties may sue the owner or operator of a site for damages based on personal injury, natural resources or property damage or other costs, including investigation and clean-up costs, resulting from the environmental contamination. The presence of hazardous or toxic substances on one of our properties, or the failure to properly remediate a contaminated property, could give rise to a lien in favor of the government for costs it may incur to address the contamination, or otherwise adversely affect our ability
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to sell or lease the property or borrow using the property as collateral. Environmental laws also may impose restrictions on the manner in which property may be used or businesses may be operated. A property owner who violates environmental laws may be subject to sanctions which may be enforced by governmental agencies or, in certain circumstances, private parties. In connection with the acquisition and ownership of our properties, we may be exposed to such costs. The cost of defending against environmental claims, of compliance with environmental regulatory requirements or of remediating any contaminated property could materially adversely affect our business, assets or results of operations and, consequently, amounts available for distribution to our stockholders.
Environmental laws in the U.S. also require that owners or operators of buildings containing asbestos properly manage and maintain the asbestos, adequately inform or train those who may come into contact with asbestos and undertake special precautions, including removal or other abatement, in the event that asbestos is disturbed during building renovation or demolition. These laws may impose fines and penalties on building owners or operators who fail to comply with these requirements and may allow third parties to seek recovery from owners or operators for personal injury associated with exposure to asbestos. Some of our properties may contain asbestos-containing building materials.
We may invest in properties historically used for industrial, manufacturing and commercial purposes. Some of these properties may contain at the time of our investment, or may have contained prior to our investment, underground storage tanks for the storage of petroleum products and other hazardous or toxic substances. All of these operations create a potential for the release of petroleum products or other hazardous or toxic substances. Some of the properties that we acquire may be adjacent to or near other properties that have contained or then currently contain underground storage tanks used to store petroleum products or other hazardous or toxic substances. In addition, certain of the properties that we acquire may be on or adjacent to or near other properties upon which others, including former owners or tenants of our properties, have engaged, or may in the future engage, in activities that may release petroleum products or other hazardous or toxic substances.
From time to time, we may acquire properties, or interests in properties, with known adverse environmental conditions. In such an instance, we will underwrite the costs of environmental investigation, clean-up and monitoring into the cost. Further, in connection with property dispositions, we may agree to remain responsible for, and to bear the cost of, remediating or monitoring certain environmental conditions on the properties.
All of our properties will have been subject to a Phase I or similar environmental assessment by independent environmental consultants prior to or in connection with our acquisition of such properties. Phase I assessments are intended to discover and evaluate information regarding the environmental condition of the surveyed property and surrounding properties. Phase I assessments generally include a historical review, a public records review, an investigation of the surveyed site and surrounding properties, and preparation and issuance of a written report, but do not include soil sampling or subsurface investigations and typically do not include an asbestos survey. Nonetheless, an environmental liability that would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations taken as a whole, may exist at the time of acquisition or may arise in the future, with respect to any properties that we acquire. Material environmental conditions, liabilities or compliance concerns may arise after an environmental assessment has been completed. Moreover, it is possible that (i) future laws, ordinances or regulations may impose a material environmental liability or (ii) the then current environmental condition of the properties that we acquire may be affected by tenants, by the condition of land or operations in the vicinity of such properties (such as releases from underground storage tanks), or by third parties unrelated to us.
Costs of complying with environmental laws and regulations may adversely affect our income and the cash available for any distributions.
All property and the operations conducted on property are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and human health and safety. Tenants ability to operate and to generate income to pay their lease obligations may be affected by permitting and compliance obligations arising under such laws and regulations. Some of these laws and regulations may impose joint and several liability on tenants, owners or operators for the costs to investigate or remediate contaminated properties, regardless of fault or whether the acts causing the contamination were legal. Leasing properties to tenants that engage in industrial, manufacturing, and commercial activities will cause us to be subject to the risk of liabilities under environmental laws and regulations. In addition, the presence of hazardous or toxic substances, or the failure to properly remediate these substances, may adversely affect our ability to sell, rent or pledge such property as collateral for future borrowings.
Some of these laws and regulations have been amended so as to require compliance with new or more stringent standards as of future dates. Compliance with new or more stringent laws or regulations or stricter interpretation of existing laws may require us to incur material expenditures. Future laws, ordinances or regulations may impose material environmental liability. Additionally, our tenants operations, the existing condition of land when we buy it, operations in the vicinity of our properties, such as the presence of underground storage tanks, or activities of unrelated third parties may affect our properties. In addition, there are various local, state and federal fire, health, life-safety and similar regulations with which we may be required to comply and which may subject us to liability in the form of fines or damages for noncompliance. Any material expenditures, fines or damages we must pay will reduce our ability to make distributions.
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In addition, changes in these laws and governmental regulations, or their interpretation by agencies or the courts, could occur.
The costs associated with complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act may reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to you.
Investment in properties may also be subject to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended. Under this act, all places of public accommodation are required to comply with federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. The act has separate compliance requirements for public accommodations and commercial facilities that generally require that buildings and services be made accessible and available to people with disabilities. The acts requirements could require us to remove access barriers and could result in the imposition of injunctive relief, monetary penalties or, in some cases, an award of damages. Any monies we use to comply with the act will reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to you.
We may not have funding for future tenant improvements which may adversely affect the value of our assets, our results of operations and returns to you.
If a tenant at one of our properties does not renew its lease or otherwise vacates its space in one of our buildings, it is likely that, in order to attract one or more new tenants, we will be required to expend substantial funds to construct new tenant improvements in the vacated space. Substantially all of the net proceeds from this offering will be used to acquire property, debt and other investments, and we do not anticipate that we will maintain permanent working capital reserves. We do not currently have an identified funding source to provide funds which may be required in the future for tenant improvements and tenant refurbishments in order to attract new tenants. If we do not establish sufficient reserves for working capital or obtain adequate secured financing to supply necessary funds for capital improvements or similar expenses, we may be required to defer necessary or desirable improvements to our properties. If we defer such improvements, the applicable properties may decline in value, and it may be more difficult for us to attract or retain tenants to such properties or the amount of rent we can charge at such properties may decrease. There can be no assurance that we will have any sources of funding available to us for repair or reconstruction of damaged property in the future.
Our properties are subject to property and other taxes that may increase in the future, which could adversely affect our cash flow.
The properties that we acquire will be subject to real and personal property and other taxes that may increase as tax rates change and as the properties are assessed or reassessed by taxing authorities. Certain of our leases may provide that the property taxes, or increases therein, are charged to the lessees as an expense related to the properties that they occupy while other leases will generally provide that we are responsible for such taxes. In any case, as the owner of the properties, we are ultimately responsible for payment of the taxes to the applicable governmental authorities. If property taxes increase, our tenants may be unable to make the required tax payments, ultimately requiring us to pay the taxes even if otherwise stated under the terms of the lease. If we fail to pay any such taxes, the applicable taxing authorities may place a lien on the property and the property may be subject to a tax sale. In addition, we will generally be responsible for property taxes related to any vacant space.
We depend on the availability of public utilities and services, especially for water and electric power. Any reduction, interruption or cancellation of these services may adversely affect us.
Public utilities, especially those that provide water and electric power, are fundamental for the sound operation of our assets. The delayed delivery or any material reduction or prolonged interruption of these services could allow certain tenants to terminate their leases or result in an increase in our costs, as we may be forced to use backup generators, which also could be insufficient to fully operate our facilities and could result in our inability to provide services. Accordingly, any interruption or limitation in the provision of these essential services may adversely affect us.
Our operating expenses may increase in the future and to the extent such increases cannot be passed on to our tenants, our cash flow and our operating results would decrease.
Operating expenses, such as expenses for property and other taxes, fuel, utilities, labor, building materials and insurance are not fixed and may increase in the future. Furthermore, we may not be able to pass these increases on to our tenants. To the extent such increases cannot be passed on to our tenants, any such increases would cause our cash flow and our operating results to decrease.
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We face competition for the investments we make.
In raising funds for investment, we face competition from other funds with similar investment objectives that seek to raise funds from investors through publicly registered, non-traded funds, publicly-traded funds and private funds. This competition, as well as any change in the attractiveness to investors of an investment in the types of assets to be held by us, relative to other types of investments, could adversely affect our ability to raise funds for future investments. We face competition for the acquisition of commercial properties and real estate-related assets from insurance companies, credit companies, pension funds, private individuals, investment companies and other REITs. We also face competition from institutions that provide or arrange for other types of commercial financing through private or public offerings of equity or debt or traditional bank financings. These institutions may accept greater risk or lower returns, allowing them to offer more attractive terms to prospective tenants. In addition, our advisors evaluation of the acceptability of rates of return on our behalf will be affected by our relative cost of capital. Thus, to the extent our fee structure and cost of fundraising is higher than our competitors, we may be limited in the amount of new acquisitions we are able to make.
Valuations that we obtain may include leases in place on the property being appraised, and if the leases terminate, the value of the property may become significantly lower.
The valuations that we obtain on our properties may be based on the value of the properties when the properties are leased. If the leases on the properties terminate, the value of the properties may fall significantly below the appraised value.
Risks Related to Our Commercial Real Estate Debt and Securities
The commercial real estate debt we originate and invest in and the commercial real estate loans underlying the commercial real estate securities we invest in could be subject to delinquency, foreclosure and loss, which could result in losses to us.
Commercial real estate loans are secured by commercial real estate and are subject to risks of delinquency, foreclosure, loss and bankruptcy of the borrower, all of which are and will continue to be prevalent if the overall economic environment does not continue to improve. The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by commercial real estate is typically dependent primarily upon the successful operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income of the property is reduced or is not increased, depending on the borrowers business plan, the borrowers ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Net operating income of a property can be affected by, each of the following factors, among other things:
| macroeconomic and local economic conditions; |
| tenant mix; |
| success of tenant businesses; |
| property management decisions; |
| property location and condition; |
| property operating costs, including insurance premiums, real estate taxes and maintenance costs; |
| competition from comparable types of properties; |
| effects on a particular industry applicable to the property, such as hotel vacancy rates; |
| changes in governmental rules, regulations and fiscal policies, including environmental legislation; |
| changes in laws that increase operating expenses or limit rents that may be charged; |
| any need to address environmental contamination at the property; |
| the occurrence of any uninsured casualty at the property; |
| changes in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or specific industry segments; |
| declines in regional or local real estate values; |
| branding, marketing and operational strategies; |
| declines in regional or local rental or occupancy rates; |
| increases in interest rates; |
| real estate tax rates and other operating expenses; |
| acts of God; |
| social unrest and civil disturbances; |
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| terrorism; and |
| increases in costs associated with renovation and/or construction. |
Any one or a combination of these factors may cause a borrower to default on a loan or to declare bankruptcy. If a default or bankruptcy occurs and the underlying asset value is less than the loan amount, we will suffer a loss.
In the event of any default under a commercial real estate loan held directly by us, we will bear a risk of loss of principal or accrued interest to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the commercial real estate loan, which could have a material adverse effect on our cash flow from operations. In the event of a default by a borrower on a non-recourse commercial real estate loan, we will only have recourse to the underlying asset (including any escrowed funds and reserves) collateralizing the commercial real estate loan. If a borrower defaults on one of our commercial real estate investments and the underlying property collateralizing the commercial real estate debt is insufficient to satisfy the outstanding balance of the debt, we may suffer a loss of principal or interest. In addition, even if we have recourse to a borrowers assets, we may not have full recourse to such assets in the event of a borrower bankruptcy as the loan to such borrower will be deemed to be secured only to the extent of the value of the mortgaged property at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy court) and the lien securing the loan will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent the lien is unenforceable under state law. We are also exposed to these risks though the commercial real estate loans underlying commercial real estate loan underlying a commercial real estate security we hold may result in us not recovering a portion or all of our investment in such commercial real estate security.
The B Notes in which we may invest may be subject to additional risks relating to the privately negotiated structure and terms of the transaction, which may result in losses to us.
We may invest in B Notes. A B Note is a mortgage loan typically (i) secured by a first mortgage on a single large commercial property or group of related properties and (ii) subordinated to an A Note secured by the same first mortgage on the same collateral. As a result, if a borrower defaults, there may not be sufficient funds remaining for B Note holders after payment to the A Note holders. Since each transaction is privately negotiated, B Notes can vary in their structural characteristics and risks. For example, the rights of holders of B Notes to control the process following a borrower default may be limited in certain investments. We cannot predict the terms of each B Note investment. Further, B Notes typically are secured by a single property, and so reflect the increased risks associated with a single property compared to a pool of properties.
The mezzanine loans which we may originate or in which we may invest would involve greater risks of loss than senior loans secured by the same properties.
We may originate or invest in mezzanine loans that take the form of subordinated loans secured by a pledge of the ownership interests of the entity owning the real property or an entity that owns (directly or indirectly) the interest in the entity owning the real property. These types of investments may involve a higher degree of risk than long-term senior mortgage lending secured by income-producing real property because the investment may become unsecured as a result of foreclosure by the senior lender. In the event of a bankruptcy of the entity providing the pledge of its ownership interests as security, we may not have full recourse to the assets of such entity, or the assets of the entity may not be sufficient to satisfy our mezzanine loan. If a borrower defaults on our mezzanine loan or debt senior to our loan, or in the event of a borrower bankruptcy, our mezzanine loan will be satisfied only after the senior debt. As a result, we may not recover some or all of our investment. In addition, mezzanine loans may have higher loan-to-value ratios than conventional mortgage loans, resulting in less equity in the real property and increasing the risk of loss of principal.
Transitional mortgage loans may involve a greater risk of loss than conventional mortgage loans.
We may provide transitional mortgage loans secured by mortgages on properties to borrowers who are typically seeking short-term capital to be used in an acquisition, development or refinancing of real estate. The borrower may have identified an undervalued asset that has been undermanaged or is located in a recovering market. If the market in which the asset is located fails to recover according to the borrowers projections, or if the borrower fails to improve the quality of the assets management or the value of the asset, the borrower may not receive a sufficient return on the asset to satisfy the transitional mortgage loan, and we may not recover some or all of our investment.
In addition, owners usually borrow funds under a conventional mortgage loan to repay a transitional mortgage loan. We may, therefore, be dependent on a borrowers ability to obtain permanent financing to repay our transitional mortgage loan, which could depend on market conditions and other factors. Transitional mortgage loans are also subject to risks of borrower defaults, bankruptcies, fraud, losses and special hazard losses that are not covered by standard hazard insurance. In the event of any default under transitional mortgage loans held by us, we bear the risk of loss of principal and nonpayment of interest and fees to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the mortgage collateral and the principal amount of the transitional mortgage loan. To the extent we suffer such losses with respect to our investments in transitional mortgage loans, the value of our company and of our common stock may be adversely affected.
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Investment in non-conforming and non-investment grade loans may involve increased risk of loss.
Loans we may acquire or originate may not conform to conventional loan criteria applied by traditional lenders and may not be rated or may be rated as non-investment grade. Non-investment grade ratings for these loans typically result from the overall leverage of the loans, the lack of a strong operating history for the properties underlying the loans, the borrowers credit history, the properties underlying cash flow or other factors. As a result, non-conforming and non-investment grade loans we acquire or originate may have a higher risk of default and loss than conventional loans. Any loss we incur may reduce distributions to stockholders and adversely affect the value of our common stock.
Our investments in subordinated loans and subordinated commercial mortgage-backed securities may be subject to losses.
We may acquire or originate subordinated loans and may invest in subordinated commercial mortgage-backed securities. In the event a borrower defaults on a subordinated loan and lacks sufficient assets to satisfy our loan, we may suffer a loss of principal or interest. In the event a borrower declares bankruptcy, we may not have full recourse to the assets of the borrower, or the assets of the borrower may not be sufficient to satisfy the loan. If a borrower defaults on our loan or on debt senior to our loan, or in the event of a borrower bankruptcy, our loan will be satisfied only after the senior debt is paid in full. Where debt senior to our loan exists, the presence of intercreditor arrangements may limit our ability to amend our loan documents, assign our loans, accept prepayments, exercise our remedies (through standstill periods), and control decisions made in bankruptcy proceedings relating to borrowers.
In general, losses on a mortgage loan included in a securitization will be borne first by the equity holder of the property, then by a cash reserve fund or letter of credit, if any, and then by the first loss subordinated security holder. In the event of default and the exhaustion of any equity support, reserve fund, letter of credit and any classes of securities junior to those in which we invest, we may not be able to recover all of our investment in the securities we purchase. In addition, if the underlying mortgage portfolio has been overvalued by the originator, or if the values subsequently decline and, as a result, less collateral is available to satisfy interest and principal payments due on the related residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, the securities in which we invest may effectively become the first loss position behind the more senior securities, which may result in significant losses to us.
Construction loans involve a high risk of loss if we are unsuccessful in raising the unfunded portion of the loan or if a borrower otherwise fails to complete the construction of a project.
We may invest in construction loans. If we are unsuccessful in raising the unfunded portion of a construction loan, there could be adverse consequences associated with the loan, including a loss of the value of the property securing the loan if the construction is not completed and the borrower is unable to raise funds to complete it from other sources; a borrower claim against us for failure to perform under the loan documents; increased costs to the borrower that the borrower is unable to pay; a bankruptcy filing by the borrower; and abandonment by the borrower of the collateral for the loan. The occurrence of such events may have a negative impact on our results of operations. Other loan types may also include unfunded future obligations that could present similar risks.
Risks of cost overruns and non-completion of the construction or renovation of the properties underlying loans we make or acquire may materially and adversely affect our investment.
The renovation, refurbishment or expansion by a borrower under a mortgaged property involves risks of cost overruns and non-completion. Costs of construction or improvements to bring a property up to standards established for the market position intended for that property may exceed original estimates, possibly making a project uneconomical. Other risks may include environmental risks and the possibility of construction, rehabilitation and subsequent leasing of the property not being completed on schedule. If such construction or renovation is not completed in a timely manner, or if it costs more than expected, the borrower may experience a prolonged impairment of net operating income and may not be able to make payments on our investment.
Investments that are not United States government insured involve risk of loss.
We expect to originate and acquire uninsured loans and assets as part of our investment strategy. Such loans and assets may include mortgage loans and mezzanine loans. While holding such interests, we are subject to risks of borrower defaults, bankruptcies, fraud, losses and special hazard losses that are not covered by standard hazard insurance. In the event of any default under loans, we bear the risk of loss of principal and nonpayment of interest and fees to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal amount of the loan. To the extent we suffer such losses with respect to our investments in such loans, the value of our company and the price of our common stock may be adversely affected.
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The commercial mortgage-backed securities in which we may invest are subject to the risks of the mortgage securities market as a whole and risks of the securitization process.
The value of commercial mortgage-backed securities may change due to shifts in the markets perception of issuers and regulatory or tax changes adversely affecting the mortgage securities market as a whole. Commercial mortgage-backed securities are also subject to several risks created through the securitization process. Subordinate commercial mortgage-backed securities are paid interest only to the extent that there are funds available to make payments. To the extent the collateral pool includes delinquent loans, there is a risk that the interest payment on subordinate residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities will not be fully paid. Subordinate residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities are also subject to greater credit risk than those residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities that are more highly rated.
Interest rate fluctuations could increase our financing costs and reduce our ability to generate income on our investments, either of which could lead to a significant decrease in our results of operations and cash flows and the market value of our investments.
Our primary interest rate exposures will relate to the yield on our investments and the financing cost of our debt, as well as our interest rate swaps that we utilize for hedging purposes. Changes in interest rates will affect our net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income we earn on our interest-earning investments and the interest expense we incur in financing these investments. Interest rate fluctuations resulting in our interest expense exceeding interest income would result in operating losses for us. Changes in the level of interest rates also may affect our ability to invest in investments, the value of our investments and our ability to realize gains from the disposition of investments. Changes in interest rates may also affect borrower default rates.
To the extent that our financing costs will be determined by reference to floating rates, such as LIBOR or a Treasury index, plus a margin, the amount of such costs will depend on a variety of factors, including, without limitation, (a) for collateralized debt, the value and liquidity of the collateral, and for non-collateralized debt, our credit, (b) the level and movement of interest rates, and (c) general market conditions and liquidity. In a period of rising interest rates, our interest expense on floating rate debt would increase, while any additional interest income we earn on our floating rate investments may not compensate for such increase in interest expense. At the same time, the interest income we earn on our fixed-rate investments would not change, the duration and weighted average life of our fixed-rate investments would increase and the market value of our fixed-rate investments would decrease. Similarly, in a period of declining interest rates, our interest income on floating-rate investments would decrease, while any decrease in the interest we are charged on our floating-rate debt may not compensate for such decrease in interest income and interest we are charged on our fixed-rate debt would not change. Any such scenario could materially and adversely affect us.
Our operating results will depend, in part, on differences between the income earned on our investments, net of credit losses, and our financing costs. For any period during which our investments are not match-funded, the income earned on such investments may respond more slowly to interest rate fluctuations than the cost of our borrowings. Consequently, changes in interest rates, particularly short-term interest rates, may immediately and significantly decrease our results of operations and cash flows and the market value of our investments.
Prepayments can adversely affect the yields on our investments.
In the case of residential mortgage loans, there are seldom any restrictions on borrowers abilities to prepay their loans. Homeowners tend to prepay mortgage loans faster when interest rates decline. Consequently, owners of the loans may reinvest the money received from the prepayments at the lower prevailing interest rates. Conversely, homeowners tend not to prepay mortgage loans when interest rates increase. Consequently, owners of the loans are unable to reinvest money that would have otherwise been received from prepayments at the higher prevailing interest rates. This volatility in prepayment rates may affect our ability to maintain targeted amounts of leverage to the extent that we have a portfolio of residential mortgage-backed security (RMBS) and may result in reduced earnings or losses for us and negatively affect the cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
The yield of our other assets may be affected by the rate of prepayments. Prepayments on debt instruments, where permitted under the debt documents, are influenced by changes in current interest rates and a variety of economic, geographic and other factors beyond our control, and consequently, such prepayment rates cannot be predicted with certainty. If we are unable to invest the proceeds of any prepayments we receive in assets with at least an equivalent yield, the yield on our portfolio will decline. In addition, we may acquire assets at a discount or premium and if the asset does not repay when expected, our anticipated yield may be impacted. Under certain interest rate and prepayment scenarios we may fail to recoup fully our cost of acquisition of certain investments.
If credit spreads widen before we obtain long-term financing for our assets, the value of our assets may suffer.
We will price our assets based on our assumptions about future credit spreads for financing of those assets. We expect to obtain longer-term financing for our assets using structured financing techniques in the future. In such financings, interest rates are typically set at a spread over a certain benchmark, such as the yield on United States Treasury obligations, swaps, or LIBOR. If the spread that borrowers will pay over the benchmark widens and the rates we charge on our assets to be securitized are not increased accordingly, our income may be reduced or we may suffer losses.
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Our investments in debt securities and preferred and common equity securities will be subject to the specific risks relating to the particular issuer of the securities and may involve greater risk of loss than secured debt financings.
Our investments in debt securities and preferred and common equity securities will involve special risks relating to the particular issuer of the securities, including the financial condition and business outlook of the issuer. Issuers that are REITs and other real estate companies are subject to the inherent risks associated with real estate and real estate-related investments discussed in this prospectus. Issuers that are debt finance companies are subject to the inherent risks associated with structured financing investments also discussed in this prospectus. Furthermore, debt securities and preferred and common equity securities may involve greater risk of loss than secured debt financings due to a variety of factors, including that such investments are generally unsecured and may also be subordinated to other obligations of the issuer. As a result, investments in debt securities and preferred and common equity securities are subject to risks of (i) limited liquidity in the secondary trading market, (ii) substantial market price volatility resulting from changes in prevailing interest rates, (iii) subordination to the senior claims of banks and other lenders to the issuer, (iv) the operation of mandatory sinking fund or call/redemption provisions during periods of declining interest rates that could cause the issuer to reinvest redemption proceeds in lower yielding assets, (v) the possibility that earnings of the issuer may be insufficient to meet its debt service and distribution obligations and (vi) the declining creditworthiness and potential for insolvency of the issuer during periods of rising interest rates and economic downturn. These risks may adversely affect the value of outstanding debt securities and preferred and common equity securities and the ability of the issuers thereof to make principal, interest and/or distribution payments to us.
Our dependence on the management of other entities in which we invest may adversely affect our business.
We will not control the management, investment decisions or operations of the companies in which we may invest. Management of those enterprises may decide to change the nature of their assets, or management may otherwise change in a manner that is not satisfactory to us. We will have no ability to affect these management decisions and we may have only limited ability to dispose of our investments.
Many of our investments will be illiquid and we may not be able to vary our portfolio in response to changes in economic and other conditions.
Certain of the securities that we may purchase in connection with privately negotiated transactions will not be registered under the relevant securities laws, resulting in a prohibition against their transfer, sale, pledge or other disposition except in a transaction that is exempt from the registration requirements of, or is otherwise in accordance with, those laws. Some of the residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities that we may purchase may be traded in private, unregistered transactions and are therefore subject to restrictions on resale or otherwise have no established trading market. The mezzanine loans we may purchase will be particularly illiquid investments due to their short life, their unsuitability for securitization and the greater difficulty of recoupment in the event of a borrowers default. As a result, our ability to vary our portfolio in response to changes in economic and other conditions may be relatively limited.
Some of our investments will be carried at an estimated fair value and we will be required to disclose the fair value of other investments quarterly. The estimated fair value will be determined by us and, as a result, there may be uncertainty as to the value of these investments.
Some of our investments will be in the form of securities that are recorded at fair value but that have limited liquidity or are not publicly traded. In addition, we must disclose the fair value of our investments in loans each quarter. Such estimates are inherently uncertain. The fair value of securities and other investments, including loans that have limited liquidity or are not publicly traded, may not be readily determinable. We will estimate the fair value of these investments on a quarterly basis. Because such valuations are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on numerous estimates, our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these securities existed. The value of our common stock could be adversely affected if our determinations regarding the fair value of these investments are materially higher than the values that we ultimately realize upon their disposal.
Our due diligence may not reveal all of a borrowers liabilities and may not reveal other weaknesses in its business.
Before making a loan to a borrower or acquiring debt or equity securities of a company, we will assess the strength and skills of such entitys management and other factors that we believe are material to the performance of the investment. In making the assessment and otherwise conducting customary due diligence, we will rely on the resources available to us and, in some cases, an investigation by third parties. This process is particularly important and subjective with respect to newly organized or private entities because there may be little or no information publicly available about the entities. There can be no assurance that our due diligence processes will uncover all relevant facts or that any investment will be successful.
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We may depend on debtors for our revenue, and, accordingly, our revenue and our ability to make distributions to you will be dependent upon the success and economic viability of such debtors.
The success of our investments in income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets materially depend on the financial stability of the debtors underlying such investments. The inability of a single major debtor or a number of smaller debtors to meet their payment obligations could result in reduced revenue or losses.
Delays in restructuring or liquidating non-performing debt-related securities could reduce the return on your investment.
Debt-related securities may become non-performing after acquisition for a wide variety of reasons. In addition, we may acquire non-performing debt-related investments. Such non-performing debt-related investments may require a substantial amount of workout negotiations and/or restructuring, which may entail, among other things, a substantial reduction in the interest rate and a substantial write-down of such loan or asset. However, even if a restructuring is successfully accomplished, upon maturity of such debt-related security, the borrower under the security may not be able to negotiate replacement takeout financing to repay the principal amount of the securities owed to us. We may find it necessary or desirable to foreclose on some of the collateral securing one or more of our investments. Intercreditor provisions may substantially interfere with our ability to do so. Even if foreclosure is an option, the foreclosure process can be lengthy and expensive as discussed above.
If we foreclose on the collateral that will secure our investments in loans receivable, we may incur significant liabilities for deferred repairs and maintenance, property taxes and other expenses, which would reduce cash available for distribution to stockholders.
Some of the properties we may acquire in foreclosure proceedings may face competition from newer, more updated properties. In addition, the overall condition of these properties may have been neglected prior to the time we would foreclose on them. In order to remain competitive, increase occupancy at these properties and/or make them more attractive to potential tenants and purchasers, we may have to make significant capital improvements and/or incur deferred maintenance costs with respect to these properties. Also, if we acquire properties through foreclosure, we will be responsible for property taxes and other expenses which will require more capital resources than if we held a secured interest in these properties. To the extent we have to make significant capital expenditures with respect to these properties, we will have less cash available to fund distributions and investor returns may be reduced.
Failure to obtain or maintain required approvals and/or state licenses necessary to operate our mortgage-related activities may adversely impact our investment strategy.
We may in the future be required to obtain various other approvals and/or licenses from federal or state governmental authorities, government sponsored entities or similar bodies in connection with some or all of our mortgage-related activities. There is no assurance that we can obtain any or all of the approvals and licenses that we desire or that we will avoid experiencing significant delays in seeking such approvals and licenses. Furthermore, we will be subject to various disclosures and other requirements to obtain and maintain these approvals and licenses, and there is no assurance that we will satisfy those requirements. Our failure to obtain or maintain licenses will restrict our options and ability to engage in desired activities, and could subject us to fines, suspensions, terminations and various other adverse actions if it is determined that we have engaged without the requisite approvals or licenses in activities that require an approval or license, which could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
Risks Related to Our Financing Strategy
We will incur debt to finance our operations, which may subject us to an increased risk of loss.
We will incur debt to finance our operations. The leverage we employ will vary depending on our ability to obtain credit facilities, the loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios of our assets, the yield on our assets, the targeted leveraged return we expect from our investment portfolio and our ability to meet ongoing covenants related to our asset mix and financial performance. Our return on our investments and cash available for distribution to our stockholders may be reduced to the extent that changes in market conditions cause the cost of our financing to increase relative to the income that we can derive from the assets we acquire.
Debt service payments will reduce the net income available for distributions to our stockholders. Moreover, we may not be able to meet our debt service obligations and, to the extent that we cannot, we risk the loss of some or all of our assets to foreclosure or sale to satisfy our debt obligations. Our charter or bylaws do not restrict the form of indebtedness we may incur.
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Hedging against interest rate exposure may adversely affect our earnings, limit our gains or result in losses, which could adversely affect cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
We may enter into interest rate swap agreements or pursue other interest rate hedging strategies. Our hedging activity will vary in scope based on the level of interest rates, the type of portfolio investments held, and other changing market conditions. Interest rate hedging may fail to protect or could adversely affect us because, among other things:
| interest rate hedging can be expensive, particularly during periods of rising and volatile interest rates; |
| available interest rate hedging may not correspond directly with the interest rate risk for which protection is sought; |
| the duration of the hedge may not match the duration of the related liability or asset; |
| the amount of income that a REIT may earn from hedging transactions to offset interest rate losses is limited by federal tax provisions governing REITs; |
| the credit quality of the party owing money on the hedge may be downgraded to such an extent that it impairs our ability to sell or assign our side of the hedging transaction; |
| the party owing money in the hedging transaction may default on its obligation to pay; and |
| we may purchase a hedge that turns out not to be necessary, i.e., a hedge that is out of the money. |
Any hedging activity we engage in may adversely affect our earnings, which could adversely affect cash available for distribution to our stockholders. Therefore, while we may enter into such transactions to seek to reduce interest rate risks, unanticipated changes in interest rates may result in poorer overall investment performance than if we had not engaged in any such hedging transactions. In addition, the degree of correlation between price movements of the instruments used in a hedging strategy and price movements in the portfolio positions being hedged or liabilities being hedged may vary materially. Moreover, for a variety of reasons, we may not seek to establish a perfect correlation between such hedging instruments and the portfolio holdings being hedged. Any such imperfect correlation may prevent us from achieving the intended accounting treatment and may expose us to risk of loss.
Hedging instruments often are not traded on regulated exchanges, guaranteed by an exchange or its clearing house, or regulated by any U.S. or foreign governmental authorities and involve risks and costs.
The cost of using hedging instruments increases as the period covered by the instrument increases and during periods of rising and volatile interest rates. We may increase our hedging activity and thus increase our hedging costs during periods when interest rates are volatile or rising and hedging costs have increased. In addition, hedging instruments involve risk since they often are not traded on regulated exchanges, guaranteed by an exchange or its clearing house, or regulated by any U.S. or foreign governmental authorities. Consequently, there are no requirements with respect to record keeping, financial responsibility or segregation of customer funds and positions. Furthermore, the enforceability of agreements underlying derivative transactions may depend on compliance with applicable statutory, commodity and other regulatory requirements and, depending on the identity of the counterparty, applicable international requirements. The business failure of a hedging counterparty with whom we enter into a hedging transaction will most likely result in a default. Default by a party with whom we enter into a hedging transaction may result in the loss of unrealized profits and force us to cover our resale commitments, if any, at the then current market price. Although generally we will seek to reserve the right to terminate our hedging positions, it may not always be possible to dispose of or close out a hedging position without the consent of the hedging counterparty, and we may not be able to enter into an offsetting contract in order to cover our risk. We cannot be certain that a liquid secondary market will exist for hedging instruments purchased or sold, and we may be required to maintain a position until exercise or expiration, which could result in losses.
The direct or indirect effects of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act, or the Dodd-Frank Act, enacted in July 2010 for the purpose of stabilizing or reforming the financial markets, may have an adverse effect on our interest rate hedging activities.
In July 2010, the Dodd-Frank Act became law in the United States. Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act provides for significantly increased regulation of and restrictions on derivatives markets and transactions that could affect our interest rate hedging or other risk management activities, including: (i) regulatory reporting for swaps; (ii) mandated clearing through central counterparties and execution through regulated exchanges or electronic facilities for certain swaps; and (iii) margin and collateral requirements. Although the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission has not yet finalized certain requirements, many other requirements have taken effect, such as swap reporting, the mandatory clearing of certain interest rate swaps and credit default swaps and the mandatory trading of certain swaps on swap execution facilities or exchanges. While the full impact of the Dodd-Frank Act on our interest rate hedging activities cannot be assessed until implementing rules and regulations are adopted and market practice develops, the requirements of Title VII may affect our ability to enter into hedging or other risk management transactions, may increase our costs of entering into such transactions, and may result in us entering into such transactions on less favorable terms than prior to effectiveness of the Dodd-Frank Act and the rules promulgated thereunder. The occurrence of any of the foregoing events may have an adverse effect on our business.
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Our use of borrowings to partially fund acquisitions and improvements on properties could result in foreclosures and unexpected debt service expenses upon refinancing, both of which could have an adverse impact on our operations and cash flow.
We intend to rely in part on borrowings under credit facilities and other external sources of financing to fund the costs of new investments, capital expenditures and other items. Accordingly, we are subject to the risks that our cash flow will not be sufficient to cover required debt service payments and that we will be unable to meet other covenants or requirements of our borrowings.
If we cannot meet our required obligations under our borrowings, our property or commercial real estate debt and securities could be foreclosed upon by, or otherwise transferred to, our lender, with a consequent loss of income and asset value to us. Additionally, we may be required to refinance our debt subject to lump sum or balloon payment maturities on terms less favorable than the original loan or at a time we would otherwise prefer to not refinance such debt. A refinancing on such terms or at such times could increase our debt service payments, which would decrease the amount of cash we would have available for operations, new investments and distribution payments and may cause us to determine to sell one or more investments at a time when we would not otherwise do so.
We have broad authority to incur borrowings and high levels of borrowings could hinder our ability to make distributions and could decrease the value of your investment.
We expect that in most instances, we will make real estate investments by using either existing or new borrowings. In addition, we may incur mortgage notes and pledge all or some of our real estate investments as security for that debt to obtain funds to acquire additional real estate investments. We may borrow if we need funds to satisfy the REIT tax qualification requirement that we distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income to our stockholders. We also may borrow if we otherwise deem it necessary or advisable to assure that we maintain our qualification as a REIT.
Our charter does not limit us from utilizing financing until our borrowings exceed 300% of our net assets, which is generally expected to approximate 75% of the aggregate cost of our real estate investments and other assets, plus cash, before deducting loan loss reserves, other non-cash reserves and depreciation. Further, we can incur financings in excess of this limitation with the approval of a majority of our independent directors. High leverage levels could cause us to incur higher interest charges and higher debt service payments and the agreements governing our borrowings may also include restrictive covenants. These factors could limit the amount of cash we have available to distribute to you or invest in our business and could result in a decline in the value of your investment.
If there is a shortfall between the revenues from our real estate investments and the cash flow needed to service our borrowings, then the amount available for distributions to stockholders may be reduced. In addition, incurring mortgage debt increases the risk of loss since defaults on indebtedness secured by a property may result in lenders initiating foreclosure actions. In that case, we could lose the investment securing our borrowings that is in default, thus reducing the value of your investment. We may give full or partial guarantees to lenders of our borrowings to the entities that own our investments. When we provide a guaranty on behalf of an entity that owns one of our investments, we will be responsible to the lender for satisfaction of the debt if it is not paid by such entity. If any mortgages contain cross-collateralization or cross-default provisions, a default on a single investment could affect multiple investments. If any of our investments are foreclosed upon due to a default, our ability to pay cash distributions to our stockholders will be adversely affected which could result in our losing our REIT status and would result in a decrease in the value of your investment.
Lenders may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations, which could limit our ability to make distributions to you.
When providing financing, a lender may impose restrictions on us that affect our distribution and operating policies and our ability to incur additional borrowings. Financing agreements that we may enter into may contain covenants that limit our ability to further incur borrowings, restrict distributions to you or that prohibit us from discontinuing insurance coverage or replacing our advisor. These or other limitations would decrease our operating flexibility and our ability to achieve our operating objectives, including making distributions to you.
We may not be able to access financing sources on attractive terms, if at all, which could adversely affect our ability to execute our business plan.
We will require significant outside capital to fund and grow our business. Our business may be adversely affected by disruptions in the debt and equity capital markets and institutional lending market, including the lack of access to capital or prohibitively high costs of obtaining or replacing capital. A primary source of liquidity for companies in the real estate industry has been and will continue to be the
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debt and equity capital markets. Access to the capital markets and other sources of liquidity was severely disrupted during the credit crisis and, despite recent improvements, the markets could suffer another severe downturn and another liquidity crisis could emerge. Based on the current conditions, we do not know whether any sources of capital will be available to us in the future on terms that are acceptable to us, if at all. If we cannot obtain sufficient debt and equity capital on acceptable terms, our business and our ability to operate could be severely impacted.
Increases in interest rates could increase the amount of our payments on our borrowings and adversely affect our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
We expect that we will incur borrowings in the future. To the extent that we incur variable rate borrowings, increases in interest rates would increase our interest costs, which could reduce our cash flow and our ability to pay distributions to you. In addition, if we need to repay existing borrowings during periods of rising interest rates, we could be required to liquidate one or more of our investments at times that may not permit realization of the maximum return on such investments.
Federal Income Tax Risks
If we fail to qualify as a REIT, our operations and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders would be adversely impacted.
We intend to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with the taxable year ending on December 31, 2017. We have received the opinion of our U.S. federal income tax counsel, Greenberg Traurig, LLP, in connection with this offering and with respect to our qualification as a REIT, although we do not intend to request a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service as to our REIT status. The opinion of Greenberg Traurig, LLP represents only the view of our counsel based on our counsels review and analysis of existing law and on certain representations as to factual matters and covenants made by us, including representations relating to the values of our assets and the sources of our income and is not binding on the Internal Revenue Service or any court. Greenberg Traurig, LLP has no obligation to advise us or the holders of our common stock of any subsequent change in the matters stated, represented or assumed in its opinion or of any subsequent change in applicable law. Furthermore, both the validity of the opinion of Greenberg Traurig, LLP and our qualification as a REIT will depend on our satisfaction of numerous requirements (some on an annual and quarterly basis) established under highly technical and complex provisions of the Code, for which there are only limited judicial or administrative interpretations, and involves the determination of various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control. The complexity of these provisions and of the applicable income tax regulations that have been promulgated under the Code is greater in the case of a REIT that holds its assets through a partnership, as we do. Moreover, no assurance can be given that legislation, new regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions will not change the tax laws with respect to qualification as a REIT or the U.S. federal income tax consequences of that qualification.
If we were to fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year:
| we would not be allowed to deduct our distributions to our stockholders when computing our taxable income; |
| we would be subject to federal income tax (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) on our taxable income at regular corporate rates; |
| we would be disqualified from being taxed as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification was lost, unless entitled to relief under certain statutory provisions; |
| our cash available for distribution would be reduced and we would have less cash to distribute to our stockholders; and |
| we might be required to borrow additional funds or sell some of our assets in order to pay corporate tax obligations we may incur as a result of our disqualification. |
See Federal Income Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.
You may have current tax liability on distributions you elect to reinvest in our common stock.
If you participate in our distribution reinvestment plan, you will be deemed to have received, and for income tax purposes will be taxed on, the amount reinvested in shares of our common stock to the extent the amount reinvested was not a tax-free return of capital. In addition, you will be treated for tax purposes as having received an additional distribution to the extent the shares are purchased at a discount to fair market value, if any. As a result, unless you are a tax-exempt entity, you may have to use funds from other sources to pay your tax liability on the value of the shares of common stock received. See Description of Shares Distribution Reinvestment Plan Tax Consequences of Participation.
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Even if we qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we may be subject to other tax liabilities that reduce our cash flow and our ability to make distributions to you.
Even if we qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we may be subject to some federal, state and local taxes on our income or property. For example:
| In order to qualify as a REIT, we must distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income to our stockholders (which is determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net capital gain). To the extent that we satisfy the distribution requirement but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to federal corporate income tax on the undistributed income. |
| We will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which distributions we pay in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income, 95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from prior years. |
| If we elect to treat property that we acquire in connection with a foreclosure of a mortgage loan or certain leasehold terminations as foreclosure property, we may avoid the 100% tax on the gain from a resale of that property but the income from the sale or operation of that property may be subject to corporate income tax at the highest applicable rate. |
| If we sell an asset, other than foreclosure property, that we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, our gain would be subject to the 100% prohibited transaction tax unless such sale were made by one of our taxable REIT subsidiaries. |
Our investments in debt instruments may cause us to recognize taxable income in excess of cash received related to that income for federal income tax purposes even though no cash payments have been received on the debt instruments.
It is expected that we may acquire debt instruments in the secondary market for less than their face amount. The amount of such discount will generally be treated as market discount for federal income tax purposes. We may acquire distressed debt investments that are subsequently modified by agreement with the borrower. If the amendments to the outstanding debt are significant modifications under the applicable Treasury regulations, the modified debt may be considered to have been reissued to us in a debt-for-debt exchange with the borrower. This deemed reissuance may prevent the modified debt from qualifying as a good REIT asset if the underlying security has declined in value, and could cause us to recognize taxable income in excess of cash received related to that income.
In general, we will be required to accrue original issue discount on a debt instrument as taxable income in accordance with applicable federal income tax rules even though no cash payments may be received on such debt instrument.
In the event a borrower with respect to a particular debt instrument encounters financial difficulty rendering it unable to pay stated interest as due, we may nonetheless be required to continue to recognize the unpaid interest as taxable income. Similarly, we may be required to accrue interest income with respect to subordinate residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities at the stated rate regardless of when their corresponding cash payments are received.
As a result of these factors, there is a significant risk that we may recognize substantial taxable income in excess of cash available for distribution. In that event, we may need to borrow funds or take other action to satisfy the REIT distribution requirements for the taxable year in which we recognize taxable income in excess of cash received related to that income is recognized.
REIT distribution requirements could adversely affect our ability to execute our business plan.
We generally must distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, subject to certain adjustments and excluding any net capital gain, in order for federal corporate income tax not to apply to earnings that we distribute. To the extent that we satisfy this distribution requirement, but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to federal corporate income tax on our undistributed REIT taxable income. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax if the actual amount that we pay out to our stockholders in a calendar year is less than a minimum amount specified under federal tax laws. We intend to make distributions to our stockholders to comply with the REIT requirements of the Internal Revenue Code.
From time to time, we may generate taxable income greater than our taxable income for financial reporting purposes, or our taxable income may be greater than our cash flow available for distribution to stockholders (for example, where a borrower defers the payment of interest in cash pursuant to a contractual right or otherwise).
If we do not have other funds available in these situations we could be required to borrow funds, sell investments at disadvantageous prices or find another alternative source of funds to make distributions sufficient to enable us to pay out enough of our taxable income to
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satisfy the REIT distribution requirements and to avoid corporate income tax and the 4% excise tax in a particular year. These alternatives could increase our costs or reduce our equity. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our ability to operate solely on the basis of maximizing profits.
To maintain our REIT status, we may be forced to forego otherwise attractive business or investment opportunities, which may delay or hinder our ability to meet our investment objectives and reduce your overall return.
To qualify as a REIT, we must satisfy certain tests on an ongoing basis concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, nature of our assets and the amounts we distribute to our stockholders. We may be required to make distributions to stockholders at times when it would be more advantageous to reinvest cash in our business or when we do not have funds readily available for distribution. Compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our ability to operate solely on the basis of maximizing profits and the value of your investment.
Potential characterization of distributions or gain on sale may be treated as unrelated business taxable income to tax-exempt investors.
If (i) all or a portion of our assets are subject to the rules relating to taxable mortgage pools, (ii) we are a pension-held REIT, (iii) a tax-exempt stockholder has incurred debt to purchase or hold our common stock, or (iv) the residual Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduit interests, or REMICs, we buy (if any) generate excess inclusion income, then a portion of the distributions to and, in the case of a stockholder described in clause (iii), gains realized on the sale of common stock by such tax-exempt stockholder may be subject to federal income tax as unrelated business taxable income under the Internal Revenue Code. See Federal Income Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.Taxable Mortgage Pools and Excess Inclusion Income.
The taxable mortgage pool rules may increase the taxes that we or our stockholders incur and may limit the manner in which we conduct securitizations or financing arrangements.
We may be deemed to be ourselves or make investments in entities that own or are themselves deemed to be taxable mortgage pools. As a REIT, provided that we own 100% of the equity interests in a taxable mortgage pool, we generally would not be adversely affected by the characterization of the securitization as a taxable mortgage pool. Certain categories of stockholders, however, such as foreign stockholders eligible for treaty or other benefits, stockholders with net operating losses, and certain tax-exempt stockholders that are subject to unrelated business income tax, could be subject to increased taxes on a portion of their dividend income from us that is attributable to the taxable mortgage pool. In addition, to the extent that our stock is owned by tax-exempt disqualified organizations, such as certain government-related entities that are not subject to tax on unrelated business income, we will incur a corporate-level tax on a portion of our income from the taxable mortgage pool. In that case, we are authorized to reduce and intend to reduce the amount of our distributions to any disqualified organization whose stock ownership gave rise to the tax by the amount of such tax paid by us that is attributable to such stockholders ownership.
Similarly, certain of our securitizations or other borrowings could be considered to result in the creation of a taxable mortgage pool for federal income tax purposes. We intend to structure our securitization and financing arrangements as to not create a taxable mortgage pool. However, if we have borrowings with two or more maturities and (i) those borrowings are secured by mortgages or residential or commercial mortgage-backed securities and (ii) the payments made on the borrowings are related to the payments received on the underlying assets, then the borrowings and the pool of mortgages or residential or commercial mortgage-backed securities to which such borrowings relate may be classified as a taxable mortgage pool under the Internal Revenue Code. If any part of our investments were to be treated as a taxable mortgage pool, then our REIT status would not be impaired, provided we own 100% of such entity, but a portion of the taxable income we recognize may be characterized as excess inclusion income and allocated among our stockholders to the extent of and generally in proportion to the distributions we make to each stockholder. Any excess inclusion income would:
| not be allowed to be offset by a stockholders net operating losses; |
| be subject to a tax as unrelated business income if a stockholder were a tax-exempt stockholder; |
| be subject to the application of federal income tax withholding at the maximum rate (without reduction for any otherwise applicable income tax treaty) with respect to amounts allocable to foreign stockholders; and |
| be taxable (at the highest corporate tax rate) to us, rather than to you, to the extent the excess inclusion income relates to stock held by disqualified organizations (generally, tax-exempt companies not subject to tax on unrelated business income, including governmental organizations). |
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The failure of a mezzanine loan to qualify as a real estate asset could adversely affect our ability to qualify as a REIT.
The Internal Revenue Service has issued Revenue Procedure 2003-65, which provides a safe harbor pursuant to which a mezzanine loan that is secured by interests in a pass-through entity will be treated by the Internal Revenue Service as a real estate asset for purposes of the REIT tests, and interest derived from such loan will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the REIT 75% income test. Although the Revenue Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law. We intend to make investments in loans secured by interests in pass-through entities in a manner that complies with the various requirements applicable to our qualification as a REIT. To the extent, however, that any such loans do not satisfy all of the requirements for reliance on the safe harbor set forth in the Revenue Procedure, there can be no assurance that the Internal Revenue Service will not challenge the tax treatment of such loans, which could jeopardize our ability to qualify as a REIT.
The tax on prohibited transactions will limit our ability to engage in transactions, including certain methods of securitizing mortgage loans, that would be treated as sales for federal income tax purposes.
A REITs net income from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% tax. In general, prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions of assets, other than foreclosure property, deemed held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. We might be subject to this tax if we were to dispose of or securitize loans in a manner that was treated as a sale of the loans for federal income tax purposes. Therefore, in order to avoid the prohibited transactions tax, we may choose not to engage in certain sales of loans at the REIT level, and may limit the structures we utilize for our securitization transactions, even though the sales or structures might otherwise be beneficial to us.
It may be possible to reduce the impact of the prohibited transaction tax by conducting certain activities through taxable REIT subsidiaries. However, to the extent that we engage in such activities through taxable REIT subsidiaries, the income associated with such activities may be subject to full corporate income tax.
Complying with REIT requirements may force us to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.
To qualify as a REIT, we must ensure that at the end of each calendar quarter, at least 75% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash items, government securities and qualified REIT real estate assets, including certain mortgage loans and residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities. The remainder of our investment in securities (other than government securities and qualified real estate assets) generally cannot include more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer or more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. In addition, in general, no more than 5% of the value of our assets (other than government securities and qualified real estate assets) can consist of the securities of any one issuer, and no more than 25% (20% after December 31, 2017) of the value of our total assets can be represented by securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. See Federal Income Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. If we fail to comply with these requirements at the end of any calendar quarter, we must correct the failure within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter or qualify for certain statutory relief provisions to avoid losing our REIT qualification and suffering adverse tax consequences. As a result, we may be required to liquidate from our portfolio otherwise attractive investments. These actions could have the effect of reducing our income and amounts available for distribution to our stockholders.
Liquidation of assets may jeopardize our REIT qualification.
To qualify as a REIT, we must comply with requirements regarding our assets and our sources of income. If we are compelled to liquidate our investments to repay obligations to our lenders, we may be unable to comply with these requirements, ultimately jeopardizing our qualification as a REIT, or we may be subject to a 100% tax on any resultant gain if we sell assets that are treated as dealer property or inventory.
Characterization of any repurchase agreements we enter into to finance our investments as sales for tax purposes rather than as secured lending transactions would adversely affect our ability to qualify as a REIT.
We may enter into repurchase agreements with a variety of counterparties to achieve our desired amount of leverage for the assets in which we invest. When we enter into a repurchase agreement, we generally sell assets to our counterparty to the agreement and receive cash from the counterparty. The counterparty is obligated to resell the assets back to us at the end of the term of the transaction. We believe that for federal income tax purposes we will be treated as the owner of the assets that are the subject of repurchase agreements and that the repurchase agreements will be treated as secured lending transactions notwithstanding that such agreement may transfer record ownership of the assets to the counterparty during the term of the agreement. It is possible, however, that the Internal Revenue Service could successfully assert that we did not own these assets during the term of the repurchase agreements, in which case we could fail to qualify as a REIT if tax ownership of these assets was necessary for us to meet the income and/or asset tests discussed in Federal Income Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.
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Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge effectively.
The REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code may limit our ability to hedge our assets and operations. Under these provisions, any income that we generate from transactions intended to hedge our interest rate, inflation and/or currency risks will be excluded from gross income for purposes of the REIT 75% and 95% gross income tests if the instrument hedges (i) interest rate risk on liabilities incurred to carry or acquire real estate or (ii) risk of currency fluctuations with respect to any item of income or gain that would be qualifying income under the REIT 75% or 95% gross income tests, and such instrument is properly identified under applicable Treasury Regulations. Income from hedging transactions that do not meet these requirements will generally constitute nonqualifying income for purposes of both the REIT 75% and 95% gross income tests. See Federal Income Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of Rodin Income Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.Derivatives and Hedging Transactions. As a result of these rules, we may have to limit our use of hedging techniques that might otherwise be advantageous, which could result in greater risks associated with interest rate or other changes than we would otherwise incur.
Ownership limitations may restrict change of control or business combination opportunities in which you might receive a premium for their shares.
In order for us to qualify as a REIT, no more than 50% in value of our outstanding capital stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals during the last half of any calendar year. Individuals for this purpose include natural persons, and some entities such as private foundations. To preserve our REIT qualification, our charter generally prohibits any person from directly or indirectly owning more than 9.8% in value of our outstanding stock or more than 9.8% in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our outstanding common stock. This ownership limitation could have the effect of discouraging a takeover or other transaction in which holders of our common stock might receive a premium for their shares over the then prevailing market price or which holders might believe to be otherwise in their best interests.
Our ownership of and relationship with our taxable REIT subsidiaries will be limited and a failure to comply with the limits would jeopardize our REIT status and may result in the application of a 100% excise tax.
A REIT may own up to 100% of the stock of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. A taxable REIT subsidiary may earn income that would not be qualifying income if earned directly by the parent REIT. Both the subsidiary and the REIT must jointly elect to treat the subsidiary as a taxable REIT subsidiary. A corporation of which a taxable REIT subsidiary directly or indirectly owns more than 35% of the voting power or value of the stock will automatically be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary. Overall, no more than 25% (20% after December 31, 2017) of the value of a REITs assets may consist of stock or securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. A domestic taxable REIT subsidiary will pay federal, state and local income tax at regular corporate rates on any income that it earns. In addition, the taxable REIT subsidiary rules limit the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a taxable REIT subsidiary to its parent REIT to assure that the taxable REIT subsidiary is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. The rules also impose a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a taxable REIT subsidiary and its parent REIT that are not conducted on an arms-length basis. We cannot assure you that we will be able to comply with the 25% value limitation on ownership of taxable REIT subsidiary stock and securities on an ongoing basis so as to maintain REIT status or to avoid application of the 100% excise tax imposed on certain non-arms length transactions.
We may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes.
At any time, the federal income tax laws or regulations governing REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws or regulations may be amended. We cannot predict when or if any new federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, or any amendment to any existing federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, will be adopted, promulgated or become effective and any such law, regulation or interpretation may take effect retroactively. We and our stockholders could be adversely affected by any such change in, or any new, federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation.
Dividends payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates.
Legislation enacted in 2003 and modified in 2005, 2010 and 2013 generally reduces the maximum tax rate for dividends payable to certain shareholders who are domestic individuals, trusts and estates to 20%. Dividends payable by REITs, however, are generally not eligible for the reduced rates. Although this legislation does not adversely affect the taxation of REITs or dividends paid by REITs, the more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate dividends could cause investors who are individuals, trusts or estates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in stock of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the value of the stock of REITs, including our common stock.
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Retirement Plan Risks
If the fiduciary of an employee benefit plan subject to ERISA (such as a profit sharing, Section 401(k) or pension plan) or an owner of a retirement arrangement subject to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code (such as an IRA) fails to meet the fiduciary and other standards under ERISA or the Internal Revenue Code as a result of an investment in our stock, the fiduciary could be subject to penalties and other sanctions.
There are special considerations that apply to employee benefit plans subject to ERISA (such as profit sharing, Section 401(k) or pension plans) and other retirement plans or accounts subject to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code (such as an IRA) that are investing in our shares. Fiduciaries and IRA owners investing the assets of such a plan or account in our common stock should satisfy themselves that:
| the investment is consistent with their fiduciary and other obligations under ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code; |
| the investment is made in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the plan or IRA, including the plans or accounts investment policy; |
| the investment satisfies the prudence and diversification requirements of Sections 404(a)(1)(B) and 404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA and other applicable provisions of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code; |
| the investment in our shares, for which no public market currently exists, is consistent with the liquidity needs of the plan or IRA; |
| the investment will not produce an unacceptable amount of unrelated business taxable income for the plan or IRA; |
| our stockholders will be able to comply with the requirements under ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code to value the assets of the plan or IRA annually; and |
| the investment will not constitute a prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code. |
With respect to the annual valuation requirements described above, upon satisfaction of the minimum offering requirement, we will provide an NAV per share for each class of our stock on a quarterly basis. We can make no claim whether such NAV per share will or will not satisfy the applicable annual valuation requirements under ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code. The Department of Labor or the Internal Revenue Service may determine that a plan fiduciary or an IRA custodian is required to take further steps to determine the value of our common stock. In the absence of an appropriate determination of value, a plan fiduciary or an IRA custodian may be subject to damages, penalties or other sanctions.
Failure to satisfy the fiduciary standards of conduct and other applicable requirements of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code may result in the imposition of civil and criminal penalties and could subject the fiduciary to claims for damages or for equitable remedies, including liability for investment losses. In addition, if an investment in our shares constitutes a prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Internal Revenue Code, the fiduciary or IRA owner who authorized or directed the investment may be subject to the imposition of excise taxes with respect to the amount invested. In addition, the investment transaction must be undone. In the case of a prohibited transaction involving an IRA owner, the IRA may be disqualified as a tax-exempt account and all of the assets of the IRA may be deemed distributed and subjected to tax. ERISA plan fiduciaries and IRA owners should consult with counsel before making an investment in our common stock.
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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements about our business, including, in particular, statements about our plans, strategies and objectives. You can generally identify forward-looking statements by our use of forward-looking terminology such as may, will, expect, intend, anticipate, estimate, believe, continue or other similar words. You should not rely on these forward-looking statements because the matters they describe are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other unpredictable factors, many of which are beyond our control. Our actual results, performance and achievements may be materially different from that expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.
You should carefully review the Risk Factors section of this prospectus for a discussion of the risks and uncertainties that we believe are material to our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition. Except as otherwise required by federal securities laws, we do not undertake to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
These factors include, but are not limited to the following:
| our ability to successfully raise capital in our offering; |
| our dependence on the resources and personnel of our advisor, our sponsor and their affiliates, including our advisors ability to source and close on attractive investment opportunities on our behalf; |
| the performance of our advisor and our sponsor; |
| our ability to deploy capital quickly and successfully and achieve a diversified portfolio consistent with our target asset classes; |
| our ability to access financing for our investments; |
| our liquidity; |
| our ability to make distributions to our stockholders, including from sources other than cash flow from operations; |
| the effect of paying distributions to our stockholders from sources other than cash flow provided by operations; |
| the lack of a public trading market for our shares; |
| the impact of economic conditions on our tenants, borrowers and others who we depend on to make payments to us; |
| our advisors ability to attract and retain sufficient personnel to support our growth and operations; |
| our limited operating history; |
| difficulties in economic conditions generally and the real estate, debt, and securities markets specifically; |
| changes in our business or investment strategy; |
| environmental compliance costs and liabilities; |
| any failure in our advisors due diligence to identify all relevant facts in our underwriting process or otherwise; |
| the impact of market and other conditions influencing the availability of equity versus debt investments and performance of our investments relative to our expectations and the impact on our actual return on invested equity, as well as the cash provided by these investments; |
| defaults on or non-renewal of leases by tenants, lease renewals at lower than expected rent, or failure to lease properties at all or on favorable rents and terms; |
| the degree and nature of our competition; |
| risks associated with using debt to fund our business activities, including re-financing and interest rate risks; |
| illiquidity of investments in our portfolio; |
| our ability to finance our transactions; |
| the effectiveness of our risk management systems; |
| availability of opportunities, including our advisors ability to source and close on income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets; |
| our ability to realize current and expected returns over the life of our investments; |
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| our ability to maintain effective internal controls; |
| regulatory requirements with respect to our business, as well as the related cost of compliance; |
| our ability to qualify and maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes and limitations imposed on our business by our status as a REIT; |
| changes in laws or regulations governing various aspects of our business and non-traded REITs generally, including, but not limited to, changes implemented by the Department of Labor or FINRA and changes to laws governing the taxation of REITs; |
| our ability to maintain our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act; |
| general volatility in domestic and international capital markets and economies; |
| effect of regulatory actions, litigation and contractual claims against us and our affiliates, including the potential settlement and litigation of such claims; |
| the impact of any conflicts arising among us and our sponsor and its affiliates; |
| the adequacy of our cash reserves and working capital; |
| increases in interest rates, operating costs, or greater than expected capital expenditures; |
| the timing of cash flows, if any, from our investments; and |
| other risks associated with investing in our targeted investments. |
The foregoing list of factors is not exhaustive. Factors that could have a material adverse effect on our operations and future prospects are set forth in Risk Factors in this prospectus beginning on page 27. The factors set forth in the Risk Factors section and described elsewhere in this prospectus could cause our actual results to differ significantly from those contained in any forward-looking statement contained in this prospectus.
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The amounts listed in the tables below represent our current estimates concerning the use of the offering proceeds. Because these are estimates, they may not accurately reflect the actual receipt or application of the offering proceeds. The first scenario assumes we sell the minimum of $2,000,000 in shares of common stock in this offering, the second scenario assumes that we sell the maximum of $1,000,000,000 in shares of common stock in this offering, not including shares sold under our distribution reinvestment plan, and the third scenario assumes that we sell the maximum of $1,000,000,000 in shares of common stock in this offering, plus the maximum of $250,000,000 in shares of common stock sold under our distribution reinvestment plan, with all three scenarios contemplating 40% of our offering proceeds are from the sale of Class A Shares, 50% of our offering proceeds are from the sale of Class T Shares and 10% of our offering proceeds are from the sale of Class I Shares.
After giving effect to the payment by the sponsor of a portion of selling commissions and dealer manager fees in the amount of up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering, depending primarily upon the number of shares we sell in our primary offering and assuming all shares are sold at the initial price of $26.32 per Class A Share, $25.52 per Class T Share and $25.00 per Class I Share, we estimate that we will use between 96.0% (assuming no shares available pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan are sold) and 96.6% (assuming all shares available to our distribution reinvestment plan are sold) of the gross proceeds from the primary offering for investments. We will use the remainder of the gross proceeds from the primary offering to pay offering expenses, including selling commissions, dealer manager fees and issuer organization and offering costs . However, our organizational documents do not restrict us from paying distributions from any source and do not restrict the amount of distributions we may pay from any source, including offering proceeds. Distributions paid from sources other than current or accumulated earnings and profits may constitute a return of capital. Raising less than the maximum offering amount or selling a different combination of Class A, Class T and Class I Shares would change the amount of fees, commissions and costs presented in the tables below.
Pursuant to a distribution support agreement, in certain circumstances where our cash distributions exceed MFFO, our sponsor will purchase up to $5.0 million of Class I Shares (which will include any shares our sponsor may purchase in order to satisfy the minimum offering) at the then current offering price per Class I Share net of dealer manager fees to provide additional cash to support distributions to you. The sale of these shares will result in the dilution of the ownership interests of our public stockholders. Upon termination or expiration of the distribution support agreement, we may not have sufficient cash available to pay distributions at the rate we had paid during preceding periods or at all. If we pay distributions from sources other than our cash flow from operations, we will have less cash available for investments, we may have to reduce our distribution rate, our net asset value may be negatively impacted and your overall return may be reduced.
We expect to use substantially all of the net proceeds from the sale of shares under our distribution reinvestment plan for general corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, the repurchase of shares under our share repurchase program. We cannot predict with any certainty how much, if any, distribution reinvestment plan proceeds will be available for specific purposes. To the extent proceeds from our distribution reinvestment plan are used for investments, sales under our distribution reinvestment plan will result in greater fee income for our advisor because of asset management fees. See Management Compensation.
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The following table presents information regarding the use of proceeds raised in this offering with respect to Class A Shares.
(2) | Assumes we sell the minimum of $800,000 in Class A Shares in our primary offering, which represents 40% of the total shares to be sold in the minimum offering, but issue no Class A Shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan and that no discounts or waivers of fees described under the Plan of Distribution section of this prospectus are applicable. |
(3) | Assumes we sell the maximum of $400,000,000 in Class A Shares in our primary offering, which represents 40% of the total shares to be sold in the maximum offering, but issue no Class A Shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan and that no discounts or waivers of fees described under the Plan of Distribution section of this prospectus are applicable. |
(4) | Assumes we sell the maximum of $400,000,000 in Class A Shares in our primary offering, which represents 40% of the total shares to be sold in the maximum offering, issue $100,000,000 in Class A Shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan and that no discounts or waivers of fees described under the Plan of Distribution section of this prospectus are applicable. |
(5) | Includes all expenses (other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) to be paid by us in connection with the offering, including our legal, accounting, printing, mailing and filing fees, charges of our transfer agent, charges of our advisor for administrative services related to the issuance of shares in this offering, reimbursement of the bona fide due diligence expenses of broker-dealers and amounts to reimburse our advisor for costs in connection with preparing supplemental sales materials. |
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(6 ) | Until required in connection with investment in income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets, substantially all of the net proceeds of the offering and, thereafter, our working capital reserves, may be invested in short-term, highly liquid investments, including government obligations, bank certificates of deposit, short-term debt obligations and interest-bearing accounts or other authorized investments as determined by our board of directors. Amount available for investment from the primary offering may also include anticipated capital improvement expenditures and tenant leasing costs. |
(7) | We will also incur customary acquisition expenses in connection with the acquisition and/or origination (or attempted acquisition and/or origination) of our investments. Customary acquisition expenses include legal fees and expenses (including fees of in-house counsel that are not employees or affiliates of the advisor), costs of due diligence, travel and communication expenses, accounting fees and expenses and other closing costs and miscellaneous expenses relating to the acquisition of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets. Actual amounts will be dependent upon actual expenses incurred and, therefore, cannot be determined at this time. |
The following table presents information regarding the use of proceeds raised in this offering with respect to Class T Shares:
(2) | Assumes we sell the minimum of $1,000,000 in Class T Shares in our primary offering, which represents 50% of the total shares to be sold in the minimum offering, but issue no Class T Shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan and that no discounts or waiver of fees described under the Plan of Distribution section of this prospectus are applicable. |
(3) | Assumes we sell the maximum of $500,000,000 in Class T Shares in our primary offering, which represents 50% of the total shares to be sold in the maximum offering, but issue no Class T Shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan and that no discounts or waiver of fees described under the Plan of Distribution section of this prospectus are applicable. |
(4) |
Assumes we sell the maximum of $500,000,000 in Class T Shares in our primary offering, which represents 50% of the total shares to be sold in the maximum offering, issue $125,000,000 in Class T Shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan and that no discounts or waiver of fees described under the Plan of Distribution section of this prospectus are applicable. |
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(5) | In addition to the selling commissions and dealer manager fees, we will pay our dealer manager distribution fees in an annual amount equal to 1.0% of the gross offering price per share (or, if we are no longer offering shares in a public offering, the most recently published per share NAV of Class T Shares ) calculated on outstanding Class T Shares purchased in our primary offering. The distribution fee will accrue daily and be paid monthly in arrears. The distribution fees are ongoing fees that are not paid at the time of purchase. We will not pay any distribution fees on shares sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. We will cease paying distribution fees with respect to each Class T Share on the earliest to occur of the following: (i) a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange; (ii) such Class T Share is no longer being outstanding; (iii) the dealer managers determination that total underwriting compensation from all sources, including dealer manager fees, selling commissions (including sponsor support of 1.0% of selling commissions and all of dealer manager fees), distribution fees and any other underwriting compensation paid to participating broker dealers with respect to all Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares would be in excess of 10% of the gross proceeds of our primary offering; or (iv) the end of the month in which the transfer agent, on our behalf, determines that total underwriting compensation with respect to the Class T Shares held by a stockholder within his or her particular account, including dealer manager fees, sales commissions, and distribution fees, would be in excess of 10% of the total gross offering price at the time of the investment in the primary Class T Shares held in such account. We cannot predict if or when this will occur. All Class T Shares will automatically convert into Class A Shares upon a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange. With respect to item (iv) above, all of the Class T Shares held in a stockholders account will automatically convert into Class A Shares as of the last calendar day of the month in which the transfer agent determines that the 10% limit on a particular Class T Share account was reached. With respect to the conversion of Class T Shares into Class A Shares, each Class T Share will convert into an equivalent number of Class A Shares based on the respective net asset value per share for each class. We currently expect that the conversion will be on a one-for-one basis, as we expect the net asset value per share of each Class A Share and Class T Share to be the same, except in the unlikely event that the distribution fees payable by us exceed the amount otherwise available for distribution to holders of Class T Shares in a particular period (prior to the deduction of the distribution fees), in which case the excess will be accrued as a reduction to the net asset value per share of each Class T Share. Although we cannot predict the length of time over which this fee will be paid due to potential changes in the estimated net asset value of our Class T Shares, this fee would be paid over approximately 4 years from the date of purchase, assuming a constant per share offering price or estimated net asset value, as applicable, of $ 25.52 per Class T Share. See Description of Shares. If $1.0 billion in shares (consisting of $400 million in Class A Shares, at $ 26.32 per share, $500 million in Class T Shares, at $ 25.52 per share and $100 million in Class I Shares, at $ 25.00 per share) is sold in this offering, then the maximum amount of distribution fees payable to our dealer manager is estimated to be $20 million, before the 10% underwriting compensation limit is reached. The distributions fees are not intended to be a principal use of offering proceeds and are not included in the above table. |
(6) | Includes all expenses (other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) to be paid by us in connection with the offering, including our legal, accounting, printing, mailing and filing fees, charges of our transfer agent, charges of our advisor for administrative services related to the issuance of shares in this offering, reimbursement of the bona fide due diligence expenses of broker-dealers and amounts to reimburse our advisor for costs in connection with preparing supplemental sales materials. |
(7) | Until required in connection with investment in income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets, substantially all of the net proceeds of the offering and, thereafter, our working capital reserves, may be invested in short-term, highly liquid investments, including government obligations, bank certificates of deposit, short-term debt obligations and interest-bearing accounts or other authorized investments as determined by our board of directors. Amount available for investment from the primary offering may also include anticipated capital improvement expenditures and tenant leasing costs. |
(8) | See note 7 to the table above regarding the estimated use of proceeds with respect to Class A Shares . |
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The following table presents information regarding the use of proceeds raised in this offering with respect to Class I Shares:
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(6) | Until required in connection with investment in income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets, substantially all of the net proceeds of the offering and, thereafter, our working capital reserves, may be invested in short-term, highly liquid investments, including government obligations, bank certificates of deposit, short-term debt obligations and interest-bearing accounts or other authorized investments as determined by our board of directors. Amount available for investment from the primary offering may also include anticipated capital improvement expenditures and tenant leasing costs. |
(7) | See note 7 to the table above regarding the estimated use of proceeds with respect to Class A Shares . |
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Board of Directors
We operate under the direction of our board of directors, the members of which are accountable to us and our stockholders as fiduciaries. The board is responsible for the management and control of our affairs. The board has retained our advisor to manage our day-to-day operations and our portfolio of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets, subject to the boards supervision.
Our charter and bylaws provide that the number of our directors may be established by a majority of our board of directors but may not be fewer than three. Our charter also provides that a majority of our directors must be independent of us, our advisor and our respective affiliates except for a period of 60 days after the death, resignation or removal of an independent director pending the election of his or her successor. Prior to commencement of this offering, we expect to name three independent directors to our board of directors. An independent director is a person who is not one of our officers or employees or an officer or employee of our advisor or its affiliates, has not been so for the previous two years and meets the other requirements set forth in our charter. Our independent directors also meet the director independence standards of the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. At the first meeting of our board of directors consisting of a majority of independent directors, our charter will be reviewed and approved by a vote of our board of directors as required by the North American Securities Administrators Associations Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts, as revised and adopted on May 7, 2007, or the NASAA REIT Guidelines.
Each director will serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his successor has been duly elected and qualified. The presence in person or by proxy of stockholders entitled to cast 50% of all the votes entitled to be cast at any stockholder meeting constitutes a quorum. With respect to the election of directors, each candidate nominated for election to the board of directors must receive a majority of the votes present, in person or by proxy, in order to be elected. Therefore, if a nominee receives fewer for votes than withhold votes in an election, then the nominee will not be elected.
Although our board of directors may increase or decrease the number of directors, a decrease may not have the effect of shortening the term of any incumbent director. Any director may resign at any time or may be removed with or without cause by the stockholders upon the affirmative vote of at least a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of directors. The notice of any special meeting called to remove a director will indicate that the purpose, or one of the purposes, of the meeting is to determine if the director shall be removed.
Unless otherwise provided by Maryland law, the board of directors is responsible for selecting its own nominees and recommending them for election by the stockholders. A vacancy created by an increase in the number of directors or the death, resignation, adjudicated incompetence or other incapacity of a director or a vacancy following the removal of a director may be filled only by a vote of a majority of the remaining directors and, in the case of an independent director, the director must also be nominated by the remaining independent directors.
Our directors are accountable to us and our stockholders as fiduciaries. This means that our directors must perform their duties in good faith and in a manner each director believes to be in our and our stockholders best interests. Further, our directors must act with such care as an ordinarily, prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances, including exercising reasonable inquiry when taking actions. However, our directors and executive officers are not required to devote all of their time to our business and must only devote such time to our affairs as their duties may require. We do not expect that our directors will be required to devote a substantial portion of their time to us in discharging their duties.
In addition to meetings of the various committees of the board, which committees we describe below, we expect our directors to hold at least four regular board meetings each year. Our board has the authority to fix the compensation of all officers that it selects and may pay compensation to directors for services rendered to us in any other capacity although we expect our audit committee would act on these matters.
Our general investment and borrowing policies are set forth in this prospectus. Our directors may establish further written policies on investments and borrowings and will monitor our administrative procedures, investment operations and performance to ensure that our executive officers and advisor follow these policies and that these policies continue to be in the best interests of our stockholders. Unless modified by our directors, we will follow the policies on investments and borrowings set forth in this prospectus.
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Committees of the Board of Directors
Our board of directors may delegate many of its powers to one or more committees. Our charter requires that each committee consist of at least a majority of independent directors, and we expect our board will have an audit committee prior to commencement of this offering that will consist solely of independent directors.
Audit Committee
Our board of directors will establish an audit committee that consists solely of independent directors. The audit committee will assist the board in overseeing:
| our accounting and financial reporting processes; |
| the integrity and audits of our financial statements; |
| our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; |
| the qualifications and independence of our independent auditors; and |
| the performance of our internal and independent auditors. |
The audit committee will also select the independent public accountants to audit our annual financial statements, review with the independent public accountants the plans and results of the audit engagement and consider and approve the audit and non-audit services and fees provided by the independent public accountants.
Executive Officers and Directors
As of the date of this prospectus, our directors and executive officers and their positions and offices are as follows:
Name* | Age | Positions | ||||
Michael Lehrman |
51 | Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer | ||||
Kenneth Carpenter |
49 | President | ||||
Steve Bisgay |
48 | Director, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer | ||||
Independent Director Nominee** | ||||||
Independent Director Nominee** | ||||||
Independent Director Nominee** |
* | The address of each executive officer and director listed is 110 E. 59th Street, New York, NY 10022. |
** | To be identified by amendment. |
Michael Lehrman . Mr. Lehrman has served as our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer since January 2016. Mr. Lehrman also has served as the Chief Executive Officer of our advisor since February 2016. He was a co-founder of CCRE, and from April 2014 to January 2016, he served Co-Chief Executive Officer of CCRE. He previously served as Global Head of Real Estate at BGC from January 2011 until April 2014 during which he was involved in the acquisition and integration of various commercial real estate services businesses by BGC including Grubb & Ellis and Newmark & Co. In 2015, Mr. Lehrman was ranked #1 (along with another CCRE executive) in Mortgage Observers annual 50 Most Important People in Commercial Real Estate Finance. Prior to joining Cantor in 2009 as Executive Managing Director and Global Head of Real Estate, Mr. Lehrman was a Managing Director at Credit Suisse, and Co-Head of the Credit Suisse Real Estate Direct Group where he led teams responsible for more than $100 billion in North American real estate loan origination and more than $30 billion of high yield real estate debt and equity distribution. Mr. Lehrman is a graduate of Columbia Business School where he received an MBA in both Real Estate and Finance, New York University where he received a diploma in Real Estate, and Carnegie Mellon University where he received Bachelor of Science degrees in both Industrial Management and Managerial Economics.
We believe that Mr. Lehrmans extensive experience in the real estate and finance industries supports his appointment to our board of directors.
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Kenneth Carpenter. Mr. Carpenter has served as our President since February 2016. In addition, Mr. Carpenter also has served as President of our advisor since February 2016. Mr. Carpenter also has served as a Managing Director of Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. since October 2014. Mr. Carpenter served as a Managing Director of CCRE from January 2013 until October 2014. Over his 17-year real estate career, Mr. Carpenter was responsible for the acquisition, financing, and management of over $6 billion of net lease properties across multiple economic cycles, $2.5 billion of which were direct property acquisitions. Mr. Carpenters real estate property acquisition experience includes office, industrial, healthcare, retail, and special use property totaling over 15 million square feet. Mr. Carpenters management experience includes leading a team of over 50 finance and investment professionals based in the U.S., Europe, and India. Prior to joining CCRE, Mr. Carpenter served as a consultant for Tannery Brook Partners, a commercial real estate advisory, financing, and asset management firm where he advised real estate private equity buyers and high net worth individuals on various net-lease and corporate property acquisitions and financings from October 2011 to December 2012. Prior to Tannery Brook , Mr. Carpenter was with Cortview Capital from July 2011 until September 2011 where he, and the principals of Tannery Brook, were responsible for establishing a commercial real estate finance platform. Prior to Cortview, Mr. Carpenter was Managing Director, Head of Americas for Deutsche Banks Asset Finance and Leasing group where he had overall responsibility for the strategy and execution of the groups advisory, financing, and principal investing activities (debt and equity) across targeted asset classes. Prior to joining Deutsche Bank in 2009, Mr. Carpenter spent nine years at Wachovia (later Wells Fargo) rising to Managing Director, Global Head of Structured Asset Finance. At Wachovia, Mr. Carpenter acquired, structured, and financed over $5 billion of net-lease real estate through sale/leasebacks, corporate term loans, and synthetic leases including over $2.1 billion of property acquisitions. Prior to joining First Union (later Wachovia), he was a Vice President with Deutsche Bank in their CMBS group where he originated corporate sale/leaseback and other real estate based financing transactions and structured credit tenant lease (CTL) private placements and securitizations. Prior to Deutsche Bank, Mr. Carpenter was a member of the investment banking group at NationsBank providing strategic advisory services and financing solutions, including syndicated bank debt, subordinated debt, and mergers and acquisitions, to middle market corporations. Mr. Carpenter received a Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Science from Rochester Institute of Technology and holds a Master of Business Administration from the Babcock Graduate School of Management at Wake Forest University.
Steve Bisgay . Mr. Bisgay has been our director since May 2016 and Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary since February 2016. Mr. Bisgay also has served as the Chief Financial Officer of our advisor since February 2016. In addition, Mr. Bisgay also has served as Chief Financial Officer of Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. since February 2015 and is responsible for all financial operations, including accounting, finance, regulatory reporting, treasury and financial planning and analysis, as well as credit and market risk management. Mr. Bisgay has more than 25 years of experience in the securities and financial services industry. Prior to joining Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., Mr. Bisgay was the Chief Financial Officer of KCG Holdings from July 2013 to September 2014. Before his appointment as Chief Financial Officer, he served as Knight Capital Group, Inc.s Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer from October 2012 to July 2013, and Chief Financial Officer from August 2007 to July 2013. Prior to these positions, Mr. Bisgay served as Senior Manager at PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. He has also served on the Board of Managers of Direct Edge Holdings LLC, until its merger with BATS Global Markets, Inc. Mr. Bisgay is a Certified Public Accountant and holds a B.S. in Accounting from Binghamton University (S.U.N.Y.) and an M.B.A. from Columbia University. He also is registered with FINRA and holds a Series 27 Financial Operations Principal License.
We believe that Mr. Bisgays extensive experience in the financial services industry supports his appointment to our board of directors.
Compensation of Directors
We will compensate each of our independent directors with an annual retainer of $[●]. In addition, we will pay independent directors for attending board and committee meetings as follows:
| $[●] in cash for each board meeting attended. |
| $[●] in cash for each committee meeting attended, except that the audit chairman of the committee is paid $[●] for each meeting attended. |
| $[●] in cash for each teleconference meeting of the board. |
| $[●] in cash for each teleconference meeting of any committee, except that the chairman of the audit committee is paid $[●] for each teleconference meeting of the committee. |
All directors will receive reimbursement of reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance at meetings of the board of directors. If a director is also one of our officers, we will not pay any compensation for services rendered as a director.
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We intend to adopt an independent director compensation plan, which operates as a sub-plan of our long-term incentive plan, as described below. Under the independent director compensation plan and subject to such plans conditions and restrictions, each of our current independent directors will automatically receive an initial grant of [●] shares of restricted common stock, when and if we raise at least $2,000,000 in gross offering proceeds. Each independent director who subsequently joins our board of directors will receive [●] shares of restricted stock upon election or appointment to our board of directors and may be entitled to receive awards in the future under our long-term incentive plan, although we do not currently intend to grant any such awards. In addition, on the date following an independent director s re-election to our board of directors, he or she will receive [●] shares of restricted stock or such number of shares that would be equal in value to $[●]. Restricted stock will generally vest over two years following the grant date; provided, however, that restricted stock will become fully vested on the earlier occurrence of: (i) the termination of the independent directors service as a director due to his or her death or disability; or (ii) a change in our control.
Long-Term Incentive Plan
We plan to adopt a long-term incentive plan, which we will use to attract and retain qualified directors, officers, employees, if any, and consultants. Our long-term incentive plan offers these individuals an opportunity to participate in our growth through awards in the form of, or based on, our common stock. We currently intend to issue awards only to our independent directors under our long-term incentive plan (which awards will be granted under the sub-plan as discussed above under Compensation of Directors).
Our long-term incentive plan will authorize the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, deferred stock units, performance awards, dividend equivalents, limited partnership interests in our operating partnership, or any other right relating to our common stock or cash; provided that our long-term incentive plan prohibits the issuance of stock appreciation rights and dividend equivalent rights unless and until our shares of common stock are listed on a national securities exchange. As required by the NASAA REIT guidelines, the maximum number of shares of our common stock that may be issued upon the exercise or grant of an award under our long-term incentive plan will not exceed in the aggregate, an amount equal to 10% of the outstanding shares of our common stock on the date of grant of any such awards. Any stock options or stock appreciation rights granted under our long-term incentive plan will have an exercise price or base price that is not less than the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. The exercise price or base price may not be reduced, directly or indirectly, or indirectly by cancellation and regrant, without the prior approval of our stockholders.
An option is a right to purchase shares of our common stock at a specified price during specified times. A stock appreciation right is a right to receive a payment equal to the difference between the fair market value of a share of our common stock as of the date of exercise over the base value determined by our board of directors, or a committee of our board of directors. Restricted stock means a right to receive shares of our common stock that is subject to certain restrictions and to risk of forfeiture. A restricted stock unit is a right to receive shares of our common stock (or the equivalent value in cash or other property if our board of directors or the committee so provides) in the future, which right is subject to certain restrictions and to risk of forfeiture. A deferred stock unit is similar to a restricted stock unit, except that the right is not subject to risk of forfeiture. A dividend equivalent is a right to receive a payment equal to dividends with respect to all or a portion of the number of shares subject to an award. Payment of awards under the long-term incentive plan may be made in cash, shares of our common stock, or any other form of property as the committee shall determine.
Our board of directors, or a committee of our board of directors, will administer our long-term incentive plan with sole authority to determine all of the terms and conditions of the awards, including whether the grant, vesting or settlement of awards may be subject to the attainment of one or more performance goals, and to make all other decisions and determinations that may be required to administer the plan. As described above under Compensation of Directors, our board of directors has adopted a sub-plan to provide for regular grants of restricted stock to our independent directors.
No awards may be granted under either plan if the grant or vesting of the awards would jeopardize our status as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code or otherwise violate the ownership and transfer restrictions imposed under our charter. Unless otherwise determined by our board of directors or the committee, no unexercised or restricted award granted under our long-term incentive plan is transferable except through the laws of descent and distribution.
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We plan to have authorized and reserved an aggregate maximum of [●] shares of our common stock for issuance under our long-term incentive plan. Any class of stock may be issued in the discretion of our board of directors. However, unless and until our board of directors determines otherwise, all stock issued under our long-term incentive plan will consist of common stock. If an award is cancelled, terminates, expires, is forfeited or lapses for any reason, any unissued or forfeited shares will again be available for issuance under the long-term incentive plan. Shares subject to awards settled in cash, or withheld to satisfy minimum tax requirements also will again be available for issuance under the long-term incentive plan. If the full number of shares subject to an award is not issued upon exercise of an option or a stock appreciation right, such as by reason of a net-settlement of an award, only the actual number of shares issued will be considered for purposes of determining the number of shares remaining available for issuance under the long-term incentive plan. Certain substitute awards do not count against shares otherwise available for awards under the long-term incentive plan.
In the event of a nonreciprocal transaction between our company and our stockholders that causes the per share value of our common stock to change (including, without limitation, any stock dividend, stock split, spin-off, rights offering or large nonrecurring cash dividend), the share authorization limits under our long-term incentive plan will be adjusted proportionately and our board of directors must make such adjustments to our long-term incentive plan and awards as it deems necessary, in its sole discretion, to prevent dilution or enlargement of rights immediately resulting from such transaction. In the event of a stock split, a stock dividend or a combination or consolidation of the outstanding shares of common stock into a lesser number of shares, the authorization limits under our long-term incentive plan will automatically be adjusted proportionately and the shares then subject to each award will automatically be adjusted proportionately without any change in the aggregate purchase price.
Upon the occurrence or in anticipation of any corporate event or transaction involving us (including, without limitations, any merger, reorganization, recapitalization, combination or exchange of shares), the committee may, in its sole discretion, provide (i) that awards will be settled in cash rather than shares of our common stock, (ii) that awards will become immediately vested and exercisable and expire after a designated period of time to the extent not exercised, (iii) that awards will be assumed by another party to a transaction or otherwise be equitably converted or substituted in connection with such transaction, (iv) that outstanding awards may be settled by payment in cash or cash equivalents equal to the excess of the fair market value of the underlying shares of common stock over the exercise price of the award, (v) that performance targets and performance periods for performance awards will be modified, or (vi) any combination of the foregoing. The committees determination need not be uniform and may be different for different participants whether or not similarly situated.
Our long-term incentive plan will automatically expire on the tenth anniversary of the date on which it was approved by our board of directors and stockholders, unless extended or earlier terminated by our board of directors. Our board of directors may terminate our long-term incentive plan at any time. The expiration or other termination of our long-term incentive plan will have no adverse impact on any award previously granted under our long-term incentive plan. Our board of directors or the committee may amend our long-term incentive plan at any time, but no amendment will adversely affect any award previously granted without the consent of the participant affected thereby. No amendment to our long-term incentive plan will be effective without the approval of our stockholders if such approval is required by any law, policy or regulation applicable to our long-term incentive plan or the listing or other requirements of any stock exchange on which shares of our common stock are listed or traded.
Limited Liability and Indemnification of Directors, Officers, Employees and Other Agents
Our charter generally limits the liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders for monetary damages and requires us to indemnify and advance expenses to our directors, our officers, our advisor and its affiliates for losses they may incur by reason of their service in that capacity subject to the limitations set forth under Maryland law or our charter.
Maryland law permits a corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the liability of directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages, except for liability resulting from actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment and which is material to the cause of action.
The Maryland General Corporation Law requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made or threatened to be made a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. The Maryland General Corporation Law permits directors and officers to be indemnified against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred in connection with a proceeding unless the following can be established:
| an act or omission of the director or officer was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding, and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; |
| the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or |
| with respect to any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe his or her act or omission was unlawful. |
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A court may order indemnification if it determines that the director or officer is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification, even though the director or officer did not meet the prescribed standard of conduct or was adjudged liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received. However, indemnification for an adverse judgment in a suit by the corporation or in its right, or for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, is limited to expenses.
The Maryland General Corporation Law permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon receipt of a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.
However, in addition to the above limitations of the Maryland General Corporation Law, our charter provides that our directors, our advisor and its affiliates may be indemnified for losses or liability suffered by them or held harmless for losses or liability suffered by us only if all of the following conditions are met:
| the party seeking indemnification has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in our best interests; |
| the party seeking indemnification was acting on our behalf or performing services for us; |
| in the case of an independent director, the liability or loss was not the result of gross negligence or willful misconduct by the independent director; |
| in the case of a non-independent director, our advisor or one of its affiliates, the liability or loss was not the result of negligence or misconduct by the party seeking indemnification; and |
| the indemnification is recoverable only out of our net assets and not from the common stockholders. |
The SEC takes the position that indemnification against liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 is against public policy and unenforceable. Furthermore, our charter prohibits the indemnification of our directors, our advisor, its affiliates or any person acting as a broker-dealer for liabilities arising from or out of a violation of state or federal securities laws, unless one or more of the following conditions are met:
| there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged material securities law violations; |
| such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction; or |
| a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which the securities were offered as to indemnification for violations of securities laws. |
Our charter further provides that the advancement of funds to our directors and to our advisor and its affiliates for reasonable legal expenses and other costs incurred in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding for which indemnification is being sought is permissible only if all of the following conditions are satisfied: the proceeding relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on our behalf; the legal proceeding was initiated by a third party who is not a common stockholder or, if by a common stockholder acting in his or her capacity as such, a court of competent jurisdiction approves such advancement; and the person seeking the advancement provides us with written affirmation of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and a written agreement to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by us, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to indemnification.
We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. Pursuant to the terms of these indemnification agreements, we will indemnify and advance expenses and costs incurred by our directors and executive officers in connection with any claims, suits or proceedings brought against such directors and executive officers as a result of their service. However, our indemnification obligation is subject to the limitations set forth in the indemnification agreements and in our charter. We have also purchased and maintain insurance on behalf of all of our directors and officers against liability asserted against or incurred by them in their official capacities with us, whether or not we are required or have the power to indemnify them against the same liability.
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The Advisor
Our advisor is Rodin Global Property Advisors , LLC. Our advisor is a limited liability company that was formed in the State of Delaware on February 11, 2016. As our advisor, Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC has contractual and fiduciary responsibilities to us and our stockholders.
The officers of our advisor are as follows:
Name | Age | Positions | ||||
Michael Lehrman |
51 | Chief Executive Officer | ||||
Kenneth Carpenter |
49 | President | ||||
Steve Bisgay |
48 | Chief Financial Officer |
The backgrounds of Messrs. Lehrman, Carpenter and Bisgay are described above in the Management Executive Officers and Directors .
The Advisory Agreement
Under the terms of the advisory agreement, our advisor will use its best efforts to present to us investment opportunities that provide a continuing and suitable investment program for us consistent with our investment policies and objectives as adopted by our board of directors. Pursuant to the advisory agreement, our advisor will manage our day-to-day operations (subject to the authority of our board of directors and officers) and perform other duties, including, but not limited to, the following:
| finding, presenting and recommending investment opportunities to us consistent with our investment policies and objectives; |
| making investment decisions for us, subject to the limitations in our charter and the direction and oversight of our board of directors; |
| assisting our board of directors in developing, overseeing, implementing and coordinating our quarterly NAV procedures; |
| providing information about our properties and other assets and liabilities to the Independent Valuation Firm and other parties involved in determining our quarterly NAV; |
| structuring the terms and conditions of our investments, sales and joint ventures; |
| acquiring investments on our behalf in compliance with our investment objectives and policies; |
| reviewing and analyzing the operating and capital budgets of properties we may acquire and properties underlying our investments; |
| sourcing and structuring our property acquisitions and loan originations; |
| arranging for financing and refinancing of investments; |
| entering into leases and service contracts for our real properties; |
| entering into service contracts for our loans; |
| supervising and evaluating each property managers and loan servicers performance; |
| assisting us in obtaining insurance; |
| generating an annual budget for us; |
| reviewing and analyzing financial information for each of our assets and the overall portfolio; |
| arranging for the disposition of properties on our behalf in compliance with our investment objectives and policies; |
| formulating and overseeing the implementation of strategies for the administration, promotion, management, financing and refinancing, marketing, servicing and disposition of our investments; |
| performing investor-relations services; |
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| maintaining our accounting and other records and assisting us in filing all reports required to be filed with the SEC, the Internal Revenue Service and other regulatory agencies; |
| selecting, and, on our behalf, engaging and conducting business with such persons as our advisor deems necessary to the proper performance of its obligations under our advisory agreement, including but not limited to consultants, accountants, technical advisors, attorneys, brokers, underwriters, corporate fiduciaries, escrow agents, depositaries, custodians, agents for collection, insurers, insurance agents, developers, construction companies and any and all persons acting in any other capacity deemed by our advisor necessary or desirable for the performance of any of the services under our advisory agreement; and |
| performing any other services reasonably requested by us. See Management Compensation for a detailed discussion of the fees payable to our advisor under the advisory agreement. We also describe in that section our obligation to reimburse our advisor and our sponsor for certain organization and offering expenses, the costs of providing services to us (other than for the employee costs in connection with services for which it earns disposition fees, though we may reimburse the advisor for travel and communication expenses) and payments made by our advisor for amounts it pays in connection with the selection, acquisition or origination of an investment, whether or not we ultimately acquire or originate the investment. In the event that there is an increase in the compensation payable to our advisor or its affiliates following approval by our independent directors and subject to the other limitation in our advisory agreement and charter, we will disclose such increase in a current report, to the extent that such disclosure would be required pursuant to such report, or in a periodic report, and in a supplement, if the change occurred during the offering period. We do not need stockholder approval to increase compensation payable to our advisor or its affiliates. |
The advisory agreement has a one-year term but may be renewed for an unlimited number of successive one year periods upon the mutual consent of our advisor and us. It is the duty of our board of directors to evaluate the performance of our advisor before renewing our advisory agreement. The criteria used in these evaluations will be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of our board of directors in which the evaluations occur.
Our advisory agreement may be terminated:
| immediately by us for cause, or upon the bankruptcy of our advisor; |
| without cause or penalty by us or our advisor upon 60-days written notice; or |
| with good reason by our advisor upon 60-days written notice. |
Good reason is defined in our advisory agreement to mean either any failure by us to obtain a satisfactory agreement from any successor to assume and agree to perform our obligations under our advisory agreement or any material breach of our advisory agreement of any nature whatsoever by us or our operating partnership. Cause is defined in our advisory agreement to mean fraud, criminal conduct, willful misconduct, gross negligence or breach of fiduciary duty by our advisor or a material breach of our advisory agreement by our advisor, which has not been cured within 30 days of such breach.
In the event of the termination of our advisory agreement, our advisor will cooperate with us and take all reasonable steps to assist in making an orderly transition of the advisory function. Our board of directors shall determine whether any succeeding advisor possesses sufficient qualifications to perform the advisory function and to justify the compensation it would receive from us.
Upon termination of our advisory agreement, our advisor will be paid all accrued and unpaid fees and expense reimbursements earned prior to the date of termination and an affiliate of our advisor, as the holder of special units, may be entitled to have the special units redeemed as of the termination date if our stockholders have received, or are deemed to receive, in the aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to its total invested capital plus a 6.0% cumulative non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such aggregate invested capital.
The amount of the payment will be based on an appraisal or valuation of our assets as of the termination date. This potential obligation would reduce the overall return to stockholders to the extent such return exceeds 6.0%. In addition, we will reimburse our sponsor for certain offering related expenses (i) immediately prior to or upon the occurrence of a liquidity event but only after our stockholders have received, or are deemed to have received, in the aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to their invested capital plus a 6.0% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such invested capital, or (ii) upon the termination of the advisory agreement by us or by the advisor. For more information regarding the terms of the advisory agreement, see Management Compensation.
We anticipate that our board of directors will consider a long-term management agreement with our advisor or its affiliate upon a listing, if any, of our securities on a national securities exchange. Any such long-term management agreement would require the approval of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, prior to our entering into such agreement.
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Our advisor and its affiliates engage in other business ventures, and, as a result, they do not dedicate their resources exclusively to our business. However, pursuant to the advisory agreement, our advisor must devote sufficient resources to our business to discharge its obligations to us. Our advisor may assign the advisory agreement to an affiliate upon our approval. We may assign or transfer the advisory agreement to a successor entity. Compensation to be paid to our advisor may be increased, subject to approval by our independent directors and the other limitations in our advisory agreement and our charter, without stockholder approval.
Property Management Agreements
If the advisor or an affiliate is a property manager with respect to a particular property, we will pay our property manager property management fees of 1.5% of gross revenues received for management of our properties located in the United States and 2.0% of gross revenues received for management of our properties located outside of the United States. Our property manager may pay some or all of these fees to third parties with whom it subcontracts to perform property management services. For services in overseeing property management services provided by any person or entity that is not an affiliate of our property manager, we will pay our property manager an oversight fee equal to 1.0% of the gross revenues of the property managed. Our property manager will not be paid an oversight fee if we contract with a third party to provide property management services for fees greater than (i) 1.5% of gross revenues received for management of our properties located in the United States or (ii) 2.0% of gross revenues received for management of our properties located outside of the United States.
In addition, we may pay our property manager or its designees a leasing fee in an amount equal to the fee customarily charged by others rendering similar services in the same geographic area. All costs and expenses incurred by our property manager on our behalf in fulfilling its duties to us under the property management agreements are to be paid out of an account that is fully funded by us.
We anticipate that the property management agreements with our property manager will have terms of one year and shall be automatically extended for additional one-year periods unless we or our property manager give 60 days prior written notice of such partys intention to terminate the property management agreement. Under the property management agreements, our property manager is not prevented from engaging in other activities or business ventures, whether or not such other activities or business ventures are in competition with us or our business, including, without limitation, property management services for other parties, including other REITs, or for other programs advised, sponsored or organized by our sponsor or its affiliates. See Conflicts of Interests.
Initial Investment by Our Sponsor
Our sponsor has invested $200,001 in us through the purchase of 8,180 Class A Shares at $24.45 per share. Our sponsor may not sell any of these shares during the period it serves as our sponsor. Although nothing prohibits our sponsor or its affiliates from acquiring additional shares of our common stock. Neither our advisor nor our sponsor currently has any options or warrants to acquire any of our shares. Our sponsor has agreed to abstain from voting any shares it acquires in any vote for the election of directors or any vote regarding the approval or termination of any contract with our sponsor or any of its affiliates.
In the event the advisory agreement is terminated, the shares owned by our sponsor would not be automatically redeemed. Our sponsor would, however, be able to participate in the share repurchase program, subject to all of the restrictions of the share repurchase program applicable to all other common stockholders.
Certain Prior Experience
Cantor and our Advisor
Our advisor has a highly experienced management team of investment professionals with experience ranging from 25 to 27 years sourcing and structuring net lease and sale-leaseback investment and financing transactions. As of December 31, 2015, affiliates of our advisor, led by Mr. Carpenter, our President, have acquired or, through various joint ventures, have invested in 58 net lease properties totaling approximately 1 million square feet and approximately $375 million of value. See Executive Officers and Directors.
Cantor Commercial Real Estate
CCRE, which was launched in 2010 by and is operated by an affiliate of our sponsor , is a commercial real estate finance business which is engaged in the origination and securitization of commercial mortgage loans collateralized by commercial real estate and multifamily units in the United States. CCREs business model is based on the ability to promptly distribute loans through the capital markets via securitizations, government-sponsored loan distribution programs, syndications and whole loan sales, while selling or retaining servicing rights to certain of these loans. CCRE is a joint venture with certain institutional investors sponsored and managed by Cantor.
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CCRE operates one of the largest commercial mortgage loan origination platforms in the United States with approximately 300 commercial real estate and finance professionals. As of December 31, 2015, CCRE, including its Berkeley Point subsidiary, had originated approximately 2,500 commercial mortgage loans totaling approximately $43 billion, including more than $2 billion of loans secured by net lease real estate. Mr. Lehrman, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, was a Co-founder of CCRE and served as Co-Chief Executive Officer from April 2014 to January 2016. See Executive Officers and Directors. In 2015 and 2016, due primarily to industry conditions, CCREs non-agency CMBS securitization volume was below historical levels, although CCREs agency securitization volume was above historical levels.
Other Affiliates
Our Sponsor
Our sponsor is a newly-formed Delaware limited liability company and an affiliate of Cantor.
Dealer Manager
We have retained Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., an affiliate of our advisor, to conduct this offering. Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. provides wholesaling, sales, promotional and marketing assistance services to us in connection with the distribution of the shares offered pursuant to this prospectus.
Our Parent
Our advisors parent company, Cantor, is a diversified organization specializing in financial services and real estate services and finance for institutional customers operating in the global financial and commercial real estate markets. Over the past 70 years, Cantor has successfully built a well-capitalized business across multiple and growing business lines with numerous market-leading financial services products and commercial real estate businesses. Cantor has been at the forefront of financial and technological innovation in its industries, developing new markets and providing service to thousands of customers globally. Cantor is led by a core senior management team, with significant experience in the financial services and real estate services industries. Howard W. Lutnick, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, has been with Cantor since 1983. Mr. Lutnick controls Cantor through his ownership of its managing general partner. As of December 31, 2015, Cantor and its affiliates had approximately 10,000 employees located domestically and internationally. Its principal offices are located at 499 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022.
Cantor operates primarily through four business lines, Capital Markets and Investment Banking; Inter-Dealer Brokerage; Private Equity; and Real Estate Brokerage and Finance.
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Cantor Business Lines
Real Estate Brokerage and Finance
The Real Estate Brokerage and Finance business principally consists of commercial real estate brokerage services, conducted by Newmark , and commercial real estate finance activity, conducted by CCRE.
Newmark is a full-service commercial real estate services platform offering commercial real estate tenants, owners, investors and developers a range of services, including investment sales, leasing, corporate advisory and consulting (including through its Global Corporate Services Division), project management, and property and facilities management. Newmark was created through various acquisitions by BGC since 2011, including Newmark & Company Real Estate, the assets of Grubb & Ellis Company, Denver-based Frederick Ross, Philadelphia-based Smith Mack, Northern California-based Cornish & Carey, Apartment Realty Advisors, Computerized Facility Integration and others. Outside of the Americas, Newmark has an association with London-based Knight Frank, a leading independent, global real estate consultancy firm that provides real estate services in more than 250 locations across Europe, the Middle East, Asia, Australia and Africa. Newmark is a division of BGC, which is a subsidiary of Cantor and is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol BGCP. Cantor owns a controlling interest in BGC. We anticipate entering into a master services agreement with Newmark pursuant to which Newmark will provide us with the various services, including brokerage services.
Formed in 2010, CCRE is a real estate finance company that originates, securitizes and services fixed and floating-rate commercial mortgages collateralized by diverse commercial real estate assets located in the United States. CCRE operates one of the largest commercial mortgage loan origination platforms in the United States with approximately 300 commercial real estate and finance professionals. In April 2014, CCRE acquired Berkeley Point Financial LLC, which is engaged in the origination, funding, sale and servicing of multi-family mortgage loans within the U.S. Berkeley Point is approved to participate in a number of loan origination, sale and servicing programs operated by government sponsored entities (GSEs), including the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), and Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), as well as the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. As of December 31, 2015, CCRE and Berkeley Point had originated approximately 2,500 commercial mortgage loans totaling approximately $43 billion and acted as a sponsor and mortgage loan seller on 57 fixed-rate and floating-rate commercial mortgage-backed securitization transactions since its inception in 2010. Additionally, as of December 31, 2015, CCRE and Berkeley Point serviced over 3,300 commercial real estate loans totaling approximately $50 billion. CCRE is a joint venture with certain institutional investors sponsored and managed by Cantor.
Cantors business lines also include Cantor Fitzgerald Investors , LLC ( CFI ), which develops and sponsors real estate investment products. In 2014, an affiliate of CFI that is wholly-owned by Cantor acquired Resolution Recovery Partners Manager LLC, which manages an opportunistic investment fund, RRP, focused on commercial real estate investments, including value-add properties and performing, sub-performing and non-performing loans. RRP invests independently, alongside financial institutions and operating partners in acquiring commercial real estate mortgage loans and real estate assets all backed by real estate property. RRPs investments are managed to build and create value for RRPs investors through asset management and special servicing disciplines focused on timely and optimized asset resolution strategies. In late 2014, Cantor further expanded its presence in real estate alternative investment management by investing in , syndicating and managing portfolios of net-lease commercial real estate. In early 2016, Cantor established Cantor Fitzgerald Capital, a division of Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., led by senior executives with extensive capital raising experience within the alternative investment sector.
Financial Services and Other
The Financial Services business is focused on serving institutional customers, including insurance companies, asset managers, Fortune 500 companies, middle market companies, investment advisors, regional broker-dealers, small and mid-sized banks, hedge funds, REITs and specialty investment firms. They do this predominantly by leveraging a customer-focused, distribution-based model that provides services to customers for numerous financial instruments, including U.S. government and agency securities, mortgage backed securities, corporate bonds, equities, exchange traded funds (ETFs), interest rate swaps, foreign currency exchange contracts, futures and options. Financial Services operates primarily through (i) Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., which is one of only 23 primary dealers permitted to
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trade U.S. government securities directly with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and (ii) BGC Partners, Inc. (NASDAQ:BGCP), a leading global brokerage company servicing the financial and real estate markets. Financial Services consists mainly of the following activities:
| Inter-Dealer Brokerage (IDB) IDB operates in the over-the-counter (OTC) and bond markets and acts as a counter party and an intermediary between major dealers, facilitating inter-dealer trades. IDB specializes in a broad range of products, including fixed income securities, real estate securities, interest rate swaps, foreign exchange, equities, equity derivatives, credit derivatives, commodities, futures and structured products. IDB also provides a wide range of services, including trade execution, broker-dealer services, clearing, processing, information, and other back-office services to a broad range of financial and non-financial institutions. IDBs integrated platform is designed to provide flexibility to customers with regard to price discovery, execution and processing of transactions, and enables them to use voice, hybrid, or in many markets, fully electronic transaction services in connection with transactions executed either over-the-counter (OTC) or through an exchange. Customers include many of the worlds largest banks, broker-dealers, investment banks, trading firms, hedge funds, governments, corporations, property owners, real estate developers and investment firms. |
| Debt Capital Markets (DCM) DCM provides services in a wide array of fixed income securities and engages in U.S. government and agency securities financing activities; additionally, through its structured products group, DCM provides tailored solutions to meet its customers specific needs. Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., acted as a co-lead manager or co-manager on the issuance of 44 fixed rate Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities offerings totaling approximately $50 billion between April 1, 2011, and December 31, 2015, representing approximately 22% of total domestic fixed rate CMBS securitizations during the same period. |
| Equity Capital Markets (ECM) ECM activities include over-the-counter and listed equities and options trading, ETFs, equity derivatives, portfolio trading and equity research, including coverage of REITs and other public companies. |
| Investment Banking (Investment Banking) The Investment Banking business underwrites public and private offerings of equity/equity-linked and debt securities, arranges leveraged and asset-backed financing and provides financial advisory services to clients in connection with mergers and acquisitions, restructurings and other transactions. Cantor is a leader in at-the-market (ATM) offerings, a cost efficient and low-profile equity financing option for public companies to raise incremental capital over time. |
| Other Cantor businesses include Cantor Prime Services, Asset Management, Wealth Management and Private Equity. |
Cantor Prime Services is a comprehensive brokerage service platform, which emphasizes client services, consisting of both equity and fixed income execution capabilities, and offers multiple financing options to clients. Cantor Prime Services also serves as a securities clearing intermediary of fixed income and equities transactions.
Cantor Fitzgerald Asset Management (CFAM) includes Fintan Partners, a leading multi-strategy fixed income fund of funds manager.
Cantor Fitzgerald Wealth Partners (CFWP) is an investment advisory business providing discretionary and non-discretionary portfolio management services as well as financial planning and consulting services. As of December 31, 2015, CFAM and CFWP had approximately $10.5 billion of combined assets under management or advisement.
Private Equity - The Private Equity business invests predominately Cantor capital in distribution- and intermediary-related businesses that we believe enable Cantor to leverage its business knowledge, relationships, brand and established platform.
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Although we have executive officers who will manage our operations, we have no paid employees. Our advisor, Rodin Global Property Advisors , LLC, and the real estate professionals at our advisor will manage our day-to-day affairs and our portfolio of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets. The following table summarizes all of the compensation and fees that we will pay to our dealer manager and our advisor and its affiliates, including amounts to reimburse their costs in providing services. Unless otherwise noted below, all of the compensation included in the table will be paid by us. Selling commissions and dealer manager fees may vary for different categories of purchasers as described under Plan of Distribution. This table assumes that we sell all shares at the highest possible selling commissions and dealer manager fees (with no discounts to any categories of purchasers). No selling commissions or dealer manager fees are payable on shares sold through our distribution reinvestment plan. The allocation of amounts among the Class A Shares, the Class T Shares and the Class I Shares assumes that 40% of the shares of common stock sold in the primary offering are Class A Shares, 50% of the shares of common stock sold in the primary offering are Class T Shares and 10% of the shares of common stock sold in the primary offering are Class I Shares. Certain fees and expense reimbursements will be paid by us while other fees and expense reimbursements will be paid by third parties, including our sponsor. Our sponsor has agreed to pay a portion of the underwriting compensation in an amount up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds, consisting of (i) a portion of the selling commissions in the amount of 1.0%, and all of the dealer manager fees in the amount of 3.0%, of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class A Shares and Class T Shares and (ii) all of the dealer manager fee in the amount of 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class I Shares, in each case subject to a reimbursement under certain circumstances.
Form of Compensation and Recipient |
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount for Minimum/Maximum Offering (1) |
||
Organization and Offering Stage | ||||
Selling Commissions Dealer Manager (2) |
Class A Shares Up to 1.0 % of gross offering proceeds paid by our sponsor and up to 5.0 % of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class A Shares in the primary offering (for a total of up to 6.0 %); all or a portion of such selling commissions may be reallowed to participating broker dealers.
Class T Shares Up to 1.0% of gross offering proceeds paid by our sponsor and up to 2.0 % of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class T Shares in the primary offering, (for a total of up to 3.0%) ; all or a portion of such selling commissions may be reallowed to participating broker dealers.
Class I Shares No selling commissions will be payable with respect to Class I Shares. |
$
78,000
($
48,000
for the Class A Shares, $30,000 for the Class T Shares and $0 for the Class I
Shares
, respectively)/
$39,000,000 ($24,000,000 for the Class A Shares, $15,000,000 for the Class T Shares and $0 for the Class I Shares, respectively) |
||
Dealer Manager Fees Dealer Manager(2) |
Class A Shares Up to 3.0% of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class A Shares in the primary offering , all of which will be paid by our sponsor ; a portion of such dealer manager fee may be reallowed to participating broker dealers as a marketing fee.
Class T Shares Up to 3.0% of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class T Shares in the primary offering , all of which will be paid by our sponsor ; a portion of such dealer manager fees may be reallowed to participating broker dealers as a marketing fee.
Class I Shares Up to 1.5 % of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class I Shares in the primary offering , all of which will be paid by our sponsor ; a portion of such dealer manager fees may be reallowed to participating broker dealers as a marketing fee. |
$
57,000
($24,000 for the Class A Shares, $30,000 for the Class T Shares and $
3,000
for the Class I
Shares
, respectively)/
$28,500,000 ($12,000,000 for the Class A Shares, $15,000,000 for the Class T Shares and $ 1,500,000 for the Class I Shares, respectively) |
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Form of Compensation and Recipient |
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount for Minimum/Maximum Offering (1) |
||
Other Organization and Offering Expenses Advisor or its Affiliates (3)(4) | We will reimburse our advisor and its affiliates for organization and offering costs it incurs on our behalf but only to the extent that the reimbursement does not cause the selling commissions, the dealer manager fee and the other organization and offering expenses borne by us to exceed 15.0% of gross offering proceeds as of the date of the reimbursement. If we raise the maximum offering amount in the primary offering and under the distribution reinvestment plan, we estimate organization and offering expenses (other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee), in the aggregate, to be $12,500,000 or 1% of gross offering proceeds. These organization and offering costs include all costs (other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) to be paid by us in connection with the offering, including our legal, accounting, printing, mailing and filing fees, charges of our transfer agent, charges of our advisor for administrative services related to the issuance of shares in this offering, reimbursement of bona fide due diligence expenses of broker-dealers, and reimbursement of our advisor for costs in connection with preparing supplemental sales materials. We will reimburse our advisor for such costs ratably over the 36 months following the first anniversary of the date on which we satisfy the minimum offering requirement; provided that we will not be obligated to pay any amounts that as a result of such payment would cause the aggregate payments for organization and offering costs paid by the advisor to exceed 1% of gross offering proceeds as of such payment date. For purposes of calculating our NAV, the organization and offering costs paid by our advisor through the first anniversary of the date on which we satisfy the minimum offering will not be recognized in our financial statements until the reimbursement obligation is established or reflected in our NAV until we reimburse the advisor for these costs. | $12,500,000 | ||
Acquisition and Development Stage | ||||
Acquisition Expenses Advisor or its Affiliates | We do not intend to pay our advisor any acquisition fees in connection with making investments. We will, however, provide reimbursement of customary acquisition expenses (including expenses relating to potential investments that we do not close), such as legal fees and expenses (including fees of in-house counsel of affiliates and other affiliated service providers that provide resources to us), costs of due diligence (including, as necessary, updated appraisals, surveys and environmental site assessments), travel and communication expenses, accounting fees and expenses and other closing costs and miscellaneous expenses relating to the acquisition or origination of our investments. While most of the acquisition expenses are expected to be paid to third parties, a portion of the out-of-pocket acquisition expenses may be paid or reimbursed to the advisor or its affiliates. | Actual amounts are dependent upon actual expenses incurred and, therefore, cannot be determined at this time. | ||
Operational Stage | ||||
Distribution Fee Dealer Manager ( 5) |
With respect to our Class T Shares only, we will pay our dealer manager a distribution fee, all or a portion of which may be reallowed by the dealer manager to participating broker dealers, that accrues daily and is calculated on outstanding Class T Shares issued in the primary offering in an amount equal to 1.0% per annum of (i) the gross offering price per Class T Share in the primary offering, or (ii) if we are no longer offering shares in a public offering, the most recently published per share NAV of Class T Shares. The distribution fee will be payable monthly in arrears and will be paid on a continuous basis from year to year.
We will cease paying distribution fees with respect to each Class T Share on the earliest to occur of the following: (i) a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange; (ii) such Class T Share is no longer being outstanding; (iii) the dealer managers determination that total underwriting compensation from all sources, including dealer manager fees, sales commissions, distribution fees and any other underwriting compensation paid with respect to all Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares would be in excess of 10% of the gross proceeds of our primary offering; or (iv) the end of the month in which the transfer agent, on our behalf, determines that total underwriting compensation with respect to the Class T primary shares held by a stockholder within his or her particular account, including dealer manager fees, sales commissions, and distribution |
$5,000,000 annually, assuming sale of $500,000,000 of Class T Shares, subject to the 10% limit on underwriting compensation. We estimate that a maximum of $20,000,000 in such fees will be paid over the life of the company; some or all fees may be reallowed. |
84
Form of Compensation and Recipient |
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount for Minimum/Maximum Offering (1) |
||
fees, would be in excess of 10% of the total gross offering price at the time of the investment in the primary Class T Shares held in such account. See Description of Shares.
We will not pay any distribution fees on shares sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. The amount available for distributions on all Class T Shares will be reduced by the amount of distribution fees payable with respect to the Class T Shares issued in the primary offering such that all Class T Shares will receive the same per share distributions. |
||||
Asset Management Advisor or its Affiliates Fees(4)(6) |
A monthly fee equal to one-twelfth of 1.25% of the cost of our investments at the end of each month; provided that, if our board of directors has determined an estimated net asset value per share, then, with respect to the investments included in the board of directors determination, the asset management fees will be equal to one-twelfth of 1.25% per month of the most recently determined value of such investments at the end of each month.
In the case of investments made through joint ventures, the asset management fee will be determined based on our proportionate share of the underlying investment. |
Actual amounts are dependent upon the total equity and debt capital we raise, the cost of our investments and the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. | ||
Other Operating Expenses Advisor or its Affiliates (6) |
We will reimburse our advisors costs of providing administrative services, subject to the limitation that we generally will not reimburse our advisor for any amount by which our total operating expenses at the end of the four preceding fiscal quarters exceeds the greater of (i) 2% of average invested assets (as defined in our advisory agreement) and (ii) 25% of net income other than any additions to reserves for depreciation, bad debts or other similar non-cash reserves and excluding any gain from the sale of investments for that period. After the end of any fiscal quarter for which our total operating expenses exceed this 2%/25% limitation for the four fiscal quarters then ended, if our independent directors exercise their right to conclude that this excess was justified, this fact will be disclosed in writing to the holders of our shares of common stock within 60 days. If our independent directors do not determine such excess expenses are justified, our advisor is required to reimburse us, at the end of the four preceding fiscal quarters, by the amount that our aggregate annual total operating expenses paid or incurred exceed this 2%/25% limitation.
Additionally, we will reimburse our advisor for personnel costs in connection with other services; however, we will not reimburse our advisor for (a) personnel costs in connection with the services for which our advisor earns disposition fees, or (b) the salaries and benefits of our named executive officers. |
Actual amounts are dependent upon the total equity and debt capital we raise, the cost of our investments and the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. | ||
Property Management and Oversight Fees Advisor or its Affiliates (4)(7) | If the advisor or an affiliate is a property manager with respect to a particular property, we will pay our property manager property management fees of 1.5% of gross revenues received for management of our properties located in the United States and 2.0% of gross revenues received for management of our properties located outside of the United States. For services in overseeing property management services provided by any person or entity that is not an affiliate of our property manager, we will pay our property manager an oversight fee equal to 1.0% of the gross revenues of the property managed. Our property manager will not be paid an oversight fee if we contract with a third party to provide property management services for fees greater than (i) 1.5% of gross revenues received for management of our properties located in the United States or (ii) 2.0% of gross revenues received for management of our properties located outside of the United States. | Actual amounts are dependent upon the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. |
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Form of Compensation and Recipient |
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount for Minimum/Maximum Offering (1) |
||
Leasing Commissions Advisor or its Affiliates (4)( 7) | Customary leasing fees if our advisor or an affiliate is our primary leasing agent. Such fees will be paid in an amount that is usual and customary in that geographic area for that type of property. | Actual amounts are dependent upon the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. | ||
Refinancing Coordination Fee Advisor or its Affiliates (4) | If our advisor provides services in connection with the refinancing of any debt that we obtain and use to finance properties or other permitted investments, or refinancing of any debt that is assumed, directly or indirectly, in connection with the acquisition of properties or other permitted investments, we will pay the advisor a refinancing coordination fee equal to 0.75% of the amount available or outstanding under such refinancing or assumed debt. Refinancing shall also include restructuring, workouts or other recapitalization of any debt. | Actual amounts are dependent upon the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. | ||
Liquidation/Listing Stage | ||||
Disposition Fees Advisor or its Affiliates (4)(8) |
For substantial assistance in connection with the sale of investments and based on the services provided, as determined by our independent directors, we will pay a disposition fee in an amount equal to 2.0% of the contract sales price of each real property or other investment sold; provided, however, in no event may the disposition fee paid to our advisor or its affiliates, when added to the real estate commissions paid to unaffiliated third parties, exceed the lesser of the competitive real estate commission or an amount equal to 6% of the contract sales price. If we take ownership of a property as a result of a workout or foreclosure of a debt investment, we will pay a disposition fee upon the sale of such property.
We will not pay a disposition fee upon the maturity, prepayment, workout, modification or extension of a debt investment unless there is a corresponding fee paid by the borrower, in which case the disposition fee will be the lesser of: (i) 1.0% of the principal amount of the debt prior to such transaction; or (ii) the amount of the fee paid by the borrower in connection with such transaction. |
Actual amounts are dependent upon the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. | ||
Reimbursement of certain offering expenses to our Sponsor | Our sponsor will pay a portion of selling commissions and all of the dealer manager fees, up to a total of 4% of gross offering proceeds from the sale of Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares, incurred in connection with this offering. We will reimburse such expenses (i) immediately prior to or upon the occurrence of a liquidity event, including (A) the listing of our common stock on a national securities exchange or (B) a merger, consolidation or a sale of substantially all of our assets or any similar transaction or any transaction pursuant to which a majority of our board of directors then in office are replaced or removed, or (ii) upon the termination of the advisory agreement by us or by the advisor. In each such case, we only will reimburse the sponsor after (i) we have fully invested the proceeds from this offering and (ii) our stockholders have received, or are deemed to have received, in the aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to their invested capital plus a 6% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such invested capital. | $ 75,000/$37,500,000 (Assuming 100% of the shares sold are Class A Shares and Class T Shares, the maximum reimbursement of offering expenses to our sponsor will be $40,000,000) | ||
Special Units Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC (9) | Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC, an affiliate of our advisor, was issued special units upon its initial investment of $1,000 in our operating partnership and as part of the overall consideration for the services to be provided by our advisor and its affiliates. | Actual amounts are dependent upon the results of our operations; we cannot determine these amounts at the present time. |
86
Form of Compensation and Recipient |
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount for Minimum/Maximum Offering (1) |
||
Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC, as the holder of the special units, will be entitled to a payment if it redeems its special units in the circumstances described below. The special units may be redeemed upon: (x) the listing of our common stock on a national securities exchange; (y) a merger, consolidation or a sale of substantially all of our assets or any similar transaction or any transaction pursuant to which a majority of our board of directors then in office are replaced or removed; or (z) the occurrence of certain events that result in the termination or non-renewal of our advisory agreement, in each case for an amount that Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC would have been entitled to receive had our operating partnership disposed of all of its assets at the enterprise valuation as of the date of the event triggering the redemption. If the event triggering the redemption is: (i) a listing of our shares on a national securities exchange, the enterprise valuation will be calculated based on the average share price of our shares for a specified period; (ii) a merger, consolidation or a sale of substantially all of our assets or any similar transaction or any transaction pursuant to which a majority of our board of directors then in office are replaced or removed, the enterprise valuation will be based on the value of the consideration received or to be received by us or our stockholders on a per share basis; or (iii) an underwritten public offering, the enterprise value will be based on the valuation of the shares as determined by the initial public offering price in such offering. If the triggering event is the termination or non-renewal of our advisory agreement other than for cause, the enterprise valuation will be calculated based on an appraisal or valuation of our assets. In each of such cases, the Special Unit Holder will be entitled to 15% of the remaining consideration that would be deemed to have been distributed to the holders of the shares of common stock after such holders have received in the aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to their invested capital plus a 6% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such invested capital.
In addition, prior to any such redemption, Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC as the holder of special units, may be entitled to receive distributions equal to 15% of our net cash flows, whether from continuing operations, the repayment of loans, the disposition of assets or otherwise, but only after (i) our stockholders have received in the aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to their invested capital plus a 6% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such invested capital and (ii) our sponsor or its affiliates have received reimbursement for the payment of certain selling commissions and dealer manager fees.
The 6.0% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on invested capital is calculated by multiplying 6% by the product of the average amount of invested capital and the number of years over which the invested capital has been invested. For this purpose, invested capital means the amount calculated by multiplying the total number of shares purchased by our stockholders by the issue price at such time of such purchase, less distributions attributable to net sales proceeds and amounts paid by us to repurchase shares under our share repurchase program. Depending on various factors, including the date on which shares of our stock are |
87
Form of Compensation and Recipient |
Determination of Amount |
Estimated Amount for Minimum/Maximum Offering (1) |
||
purchased and the price paid for such shares, an individual may receive more or less than the 6.0% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on their net contributions prior to the commencement of distributions to the holder of the special units. |
(1) | The estimated minimum and maximum dollar amounts are based on the sale of the minimum of $2,000,000 and the maximum of $1,000,000,000 to the public in the primary offering. In addition, the estimated maximum dollar amounts are based on the current compensation structure under the advisory agreement. Compensation to be paid to our advisor may be increased, subject to approval by our independent directors and the other limitations in our advisory agreement and our charter, without stockholder approval. |
(2) | All or a portion of the selling commissions and/or dealer manager fees will not be charged with regard to Class A Shares and Class T Shares sold to certain categories of purchasers. See Plan of Distribution. |
(3) | We will reimburse our advisor or its affiliates for the unreimbursed portion and future organization and offering costs it may incur on our behalf, but only to the extent that the reimbursement would not cause the total amount of selling commissions, dealer manager fees and other organization and offering costs borne by us to exceed 15% of gross proceeds from our offering. |
(4) | Our advisor in its sole discretion may defer any fee payable to it under the advisory agreement or accept, in lieu of cash, shares of our common stock. These fees may consist of charges of our advisor for administrative services related to the issuance of shares in this offering, asset management fees and disposition fees. All or any portion of such fees not taken may be deferred without interest and paid when the advisor determines. |
(5) | The estimated aggregate maximum distribution fee assumes that (i) we sell the maximum offering amount of $1.0 billion in shares (consisting of $400 million in Class A Shares, at $26.32 per share, $500 million in Class T Shares, at $25.52 per share, and $100 million in Class I Shares, at $25.00 per share) and therefore, the maximum amount of underwriting compensation from all sources is $100 million, which is 10.0% of the maximum amount of gross offering proceeds, and (ii) all other underwriting compensation other than the distribution fee, will equal $67.5 million, which consists of the maximum selling commissions and dealer manager fees payable in connection with the purchase of shares in our primary offering (of which $36 million, $30 million and $1.5 million is attributable to the Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares, respectively), as set forth in the Plan of Distribution section of this prospectus. |
(6) | On the earlier of four fiscal quarters after (i) we make our first investment or (ii) six months after commencement of this public offering our advisor must reimburse us the amount by which our aggregate total operating expenses for the four fiscal quarters then ended exceed the greater of 2% of our average invested assets or 25% of our net income, unless the audit committee has determined that such excess expenses were justified based on unusual and non-recurring factors. Average invested assets means the average monthly book value of our assets during the 12-month period before deducting depreciation, bad debts or other non-cash reserves. Total operating expenses means all expenses paid or incurred by us, as determined under GAAP, that are in any way related to our operation, including asset management fees, but excluding (a) the expenses of raising capital such as organization and offering expenses, legal, audit, accounting, underwriting, brokerage, listing, registration and other fees, printing and other such expenses and taxes incurred in connection with the issuance, distribution, transfer, registration and stock exchange listing of our stock; (b) interest payments; (c) taxes; (d) non-cash expenditures such as depreciation, amortization and bad debt reserves; (e) incentive fees; and (f) acquisition fees, acquisition expenses (including expenses relating to potential investments that we do not close), disposition fees on the sale of real property and other expenses connected with the acquisition, origination, disposition and ownership of real estate interests, loans or other property (other than disposition fees on the sale of assets other than real property), such as the costs of foreclosure, insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance, repair and improvement of property. |
(7) | Such fees must be approved by a majority of our independent directors as being fair and reasonable and on terms and conditions not less favorable than those available from unaffiliated third parties. |
(8) | Although we are most likely to pay disposition fees to our advisor or an affiliate in the event of our liquidation, these fees may also be incurred during our operational stage. Our charter limits the maximum amount of the disposition fees payable to the advisor and its affiliates to 3.0% of the contract sales price. |
To the extent this disposition fee is paid upon the sale of any assets other than real property, it will count against the limit on total operating expenses described in note 7 above. In no event will disposition fees exceed an amount which, when added to the fees paid to unaffiliated parties in connection with a qualifying sale of assets, equals the lesser of a competitive real estate commission or 6.0% of the sales price of the assets.
(9) |
Upon the termination of our advisory agreement for cause, we will redeem the special units in exchange for a one-time cash payment of $1.00. Except for this payment of $1.00 and as described in Management Compensation, Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC, as the holder of special units, shall not be entitled to receive any redemption or other repayment from us or our operating partnership, including any participation in the monthly distributions we intend to make to our stockholders. |
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In the event of a termination of our advisory agreement for cause, the special unit holder will not be entitled to 15% of the remaining consideration that would be deemed to have been distributed to the holders of the shares of common stock after such holders have received in the aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to their invested capital plus a 6% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such invested capital.
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The following table shows, as of the date of this prospectus, the amount of our common stock beneficially owned (unless otherwise indicated) by (1) any person who is known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, (2) our directors, (3) our executive officers, and (4) all of our directors and executive officers as a group.
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner |
Amount and Nature of
Beneficial Ownership |
Percentage | ||||||
Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC 1 2 |
8,180 | 100 | % | |||||
Michael Lehrman, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer 1 |
| | ||||||
Kenneth Carpenter, President 1 |
| | ||||||
Steve Bisgay, Director, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer 1 |
| | ||||||
Independent Director Nominee |
| | ||||||
Independent Director Nominee |
| | ||||||
Independent Director Nominee |
| | ||||||
All directors and executive officers as a group |
| |
(1) | The address of this beneficial owner is c/o Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. 110 E. 59th Street, New York, NY 10022. |
(2) | Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC is indirectly owned by Cantor Fitzgerald, L.P. CF Group Management, Inc. is the managing general partner of Cantor Fitzgerald, L.P. Mr. Lutnick controls Cantor Fitzgerald, L.P. through his ownership of CF Group Management, Inc. |
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Our advisor faces conflicts of interest relating to performing services on our behalf and such conflicts may not be resolved in our favor, meaning that we could acquire less attractive assets, which could limit our ability to make distributions and reduce your overall investment return. We discuss these conflicts below and conclude this section with a discussion of the corporate governance measures we have adopted to mitigate some of the risks posed by these conflicts.
Our advisor is an indirect subsidiary of Cantor and is organized to provide asset management and other services to us. Cantor controls CCRE, BGC (which includes Newmark) and a number of other financial services businesses, including our dealer manager (collectively, the Cantor Companies).
We rely on the investment professionals of our advisor and certain of its affiliates to identify suitable investment opportunities for our company. Our investment strategy may overlap with some of the strategies of other Cantor Companies . CCRE is primarily in the business of originating and securitizing whole mortgage loans secured by commercial real estate. Opportunities to originate or acquire such loans by CCRE could be considered competitive with some assets we may invest in. BGC, through its real estate services business, Newmark, does not currently acquire properties or interests in real estate properties or originate or acquire loans. However, in the course of Newmarks business, it may generate fees from the referral of such loan opportunities to third parties. The persons comprising BGCs and CCREs day to day management are generally different than our investment professionals. However, both lines of business are affiliates and under common control with us. CCRE and BGC or other Cantor Companies are not restricted from competing with our business, whether by originating or acquiring loans that might be suitable for origination or acquisition by us, or by referring loan opportunities to third parties in exchange for fees. In addition, CCRE and BGC are not required to refer such opportunities to us.
Our Affiliates Interests in Our Sponsor and Its Affiliates
General
Our executive officers and certain of our directors are also officers, directors and managers of our advisor and its affiliates and in some cases, other Cantor Companies. These persons may have legal obligations with respect to those entities that are similar to their obligations to us. Other Cantor Companies, including, but not limited to CCRE and BGC (Newmark), may be involved in other real estate-related programs and acquire for their own account real estate-related investments that may be suitable for us. Our directors and affiliates are not restricted from engaging for their own account in business activities of the type conducted by us. In addition, our sponsor may grant equity interests in our advisor and the special unit holder to certain personnel performing services for our advisor and our dealer manager.
Allocation of Our Affiliates Time
We rely on key executive officers and employees of our advisor and its affiliates, including Messrs. Lehrman, Carpenter and Bisgay for the day-to-day operation of our business. Messrs. Lehrman, Carpenter and Bisgay are also executive officers of other Cantor Companies. As a result of their interests in other Cantor Companies, their obligations to other investors and the fact that they engage in and they will continue to engage in other business activities on behalf of themselves and others, Messrs. Lehrman, Carpenter and Bisgay face conflicts of interest in allocating their time among us, our advisor and other Cantor Companies and other business activities in which they are involved. However, we believe that our advisor and its affiliates have sufficient resources and personnel to fully discharge their responsibilities to us.
Receipt of Fees and Other Compensation by our Advisor and its Affiliates
Our advisor and its affiliates will receive substantial fees from us, which fees will not be negotiated at arms length. These fees could influence our advisors advice to us as well as the judgment of the personnel of the advisor and its affiliates who perform services for us. Among other matters, these compensation arrangements could affect their judgment with respect to:
| the continuation, renewal or enforcement of our agreements with our advisor and its affiliates, including our advisory agreement and the dealer manager agreement; |
| public offerings of equity by us, which entitle our dealer manager to dealer manager fees and will likely entitle our advisor to increased asset management fees; |
| originations of loans and acquisitions of investments at higher purchase prices, which entitle our advisor to higher asset management fees regardless of the quality or performance of the investment or loan and, in the case of acquisitions of investments from other Cantor Companies, might entitle affiliates of our advisor to disposition fees in connection with services for the seller; |
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| sales of investments, which entitle our advisor to disposition fees; |
| borrowings up to or in excess of our stated borrowing policy to originate and acquire investments, which borrowings will increase the asset management fees payable to our advisor; |
| whether and when we seek to list our common stock on a national securities exchange; |
| whether we seek to internalize our management, which may entail acquiring assets (such as office space, furnishings and technology costs) and other key professionals of our sponsor who are performing services for us on behalf of our advisor for consideration that would be negotiated at that time and may result in these professionals receiving more compensation from us than they currently receive from our sponsor; and |
| whether and when we seek to sell our company or its assets. |
As holder of the special units, Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC, an affiliate of our advisor, may be entitled to certain distributions subject to our stockholders receiving a return equal to their total invested capital plus a 6.0% cumulative non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such aggregate invested capital. This may influence our advisors and its affiliates key professionals to recommend riskier transactions to us. Additionally, after the termination of our primary offering, our advisor has agreed to reimburse us to the extent total organization and offering costs borne by us exceed 15% of the gross proceeds raised in our offering. As a result, our advisor may decide to extend our offering to avoid or delay the reimbursement of these expenses. See Management Compensation.
Affiliated Dealer Manager
Since our dealer manager is an affiliate of our advisor and our sponsor, you will not have the benefit of an independent due diligence review and investigation of the type normally performed by an independent dealer manager in connection with our offering of securities. See Plan of Distribution.
Our dealer manager may seek to raise capital through public offerings conducted concurrently with our offering. As a result, our dealer manager may face conflicts of interest arising from potential competition with these other programs for investors and investment capital.
Certain Conflict Resolution Measures
In order to reduce or eliminate certain potential conflicts of interest, our charter contains restrictions and conflict resolution procedures relating to transactions we enter into with our sponsor, our advisor, our directors or their respective affiliates. In addition to these charter provisions, our board of directors has also adopted a conflicts of interest policy, which provides additional limitations, consistent with our charter, on our ability to enter these types of transactions in order to further reduce the potential for conflicts inherent in transactions with affiliates. The following describes these restrictions and conflict resolution procedures in our charter and in our conflicts of interest policy.
Charter Provisions Relating to Conflicts of Interest
Advisor Compensation. Our independent directors will determine from time-to-time, but at least annually, that our total fees and expenses are reasonable in light of our investment performance, net assets, net income and the fees and expenses of other comparable REITs. In addition, our independent directors will evaluate at least annually whether the compensation that we contract to pay to our advisor and its affiliates is reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of services performed and whether such compensation is within the limits prescribed by the charter. Our independent directors will supervise the performance of our advisor and its affiliates and the compensation we pay to them to determine whether the provisions of our advisory agreement are being carried out. This evaluation will be based on the following factors as well as any other factors they deem relevant:
| the amount of the fees and any other compensation, including equity-based compensation, paid to our advisor and its affiliates in relation to the size, composition and performance of the assets; |
| the success of our advisor in generating appropriate investment opportunities; |
| the rates charged to other companies, including other REITs, by advisors performing similar services; |
| additional revenues realized by our advisor and its affiliates through their relationship with us, including whether we pay them or they are paid by others with whom we do business; |
| the quality and extent of service and advice furnished by our advisor and its affiliates; |
| the performance of our investment portfolio; and |
| the quality of our portfolio relative to the investments generated by our advisor and its affiliates for their own account and for their other clients. |
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The findings of our board of directors with respect to these evaluations will be recorded in the minutes of the meetings of our board of directors.
Under our charter, we can only pay our advisor or one of its affiliates a disposition fee in connection with the sale of an investment, including partial sales and syndications, if it provides a substantial amount of the services in the effort to sell the investment, as determined by a majority of our independent directors and the commission does not exceed up to 3% of the contract sales price of the property. Moreover, our charter also provides that the commission, when added to all other disposition fees paid to unaffiliated parties in connection with the sale, may not exceed the lesser of a competitive real estate commission or 6% of the sales price of the property. We do not intend to sell or lease assets to our sponsor, our advisor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates. However, if we do sell an asset to an affiliate, our organizational documents would not prohibit us from paying our advisor a disposition fee. Before we sold or leased an asset to our sponsor, our advisor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates, our charter would require that a majority of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction, conclude that the transaction is fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions no less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
Our charter also limits the amount of acquisition fees and expenses we can incur to a total of 6% of the contract purchase price for the asset or, in the case of debt that we originate, 6% of the funds advanced. This limit may only be exceeded if a majority of our board of directors (including a majority of our independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction approves the fees and expenses and finds the transaction to be commercially competitive, fair and reasonable to us .
In addition, under our operating partnerships partnership agreement, Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC, an affiliate of our advisor, is entitled to receive distributions equal to 15% of net cash flow and to have the special units redeemed for the amount it would have been entitled to receive had the operating partnership disposed of all of its assets at the enterprise valuation as of the date of the events triggering the redemption upon: (i) the listing of our common stock on a national securities exchange; or (ii) the occurrence of certain events that result in the termination or non-renewal of our advisory agreement, only if (i) the stockholders first receive a return of our invested capital and 6% per year cumulative, non-compounded return and (ii) our sponsor has received reimbursement for the payment of our selling commissions.
Term of Advisory Agreement. Each contract for the services of our advisor may not exceed one year, although there is no limit on the number of times that we may retain a particular advisor. Our charter provides that a majority of our independent directors may terminate our advisory agreement with our advisor without cause or penalty on 60-days written notice. Our advisor may terminate our advisory agreement with or without good reason on 60-days written notice. Upon termination of the advisory agreement, our sponsor may be entitled to the reimbursement of the selling commissions paid on our behalf. See Management Compensation. In addition, upon termination of our advisory agreement, Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC, an affiliate of our advisor, will be entitled to receive a one-time payment in connection with the redemption of its special units. For a more detailed discussion of the special units, see the sections entitled ManagementThe Advisory Agreement and Management CompensationSpecial Units Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC of this prospectus.
Our Acquisitions. We will not purchase or lease assets in which our sponsor, our advisor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates has an interest without a determination by a majority of our board of directors (including a majority of our independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction that such transaction is fair and reasonable to us and at a price to us no greater than the cost of the asset to our sponsor, our advisor, our director or the affiliated seller or lessor, unless there is substantial justification for the excess amount and such excess is reasonable. In no event may we acquire any such asset at an amount in excess of its current appraised value. Our charter provides that the consideration we pay for real property will ordinarily be based on the fair market value of the property. In cases in which a majority of the independent directors on the board of directors or such duly authorized committee so determine, and in all cases in which real property is acquired from our sponsor, our advisor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates, the fair market value shall be determined by an independent appraiser selected by our independent directors not otherwise interested in the transaction.
Mortgage Loans Involving Affiliates. Our charter prohibits us from investing in or making loans in which the borrower is our sponsor, our advisor, our directors or any of their affiliates, except for loans to wholly owned subsidiaries and mortgage loans for which an independent appraiser appraises the underlying property. We must keep the appraisal for at least five years and make it available for inspection and duplication by any of our stockholders. In addition, a mortgagees or owners title insurance policy or commitment as to the priority of the mortgage or the condition of the title must be obtained. Our charter prohibits us from making or investing in any mortgage loans that are subordinate to any mortgage or equity interest of our sponsor, our advisor, our directors or any of our affiliates. We currently anticipate that our independent directors will establish criteria and parameters for certain affiliated mortgage loan transactions. If such criteria and parameters are established and approved by our independent directors, our independent directors may determine to pre-approve mortgage transactions with affiliates satisfying such criteria and parameters.
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Joint Ventures or Participations with Affiliates of the Advisor. Subject to approval by our board of directors and the separate approval of our independent directors, we may enter into joint ventures, participations or other arrangements with affiliates of our advisor to acquire debt and other investments. In conjunction with such prospective agreements, our advisor and its affiliates may have conflicts of interest in determining which of such entities should enter into any particular agreements. Our affiliated partners may have economic or business interests or goals which are or that may become inconsistent with our business interests or goals. In addition, should any such arrangements be consummated, our advisor may face a conflict in structuring the terms of the relationship between our interests and the interest of the affiliated partner, in managing the arrangement and in resolving any conflicts or exercising any rights in connection with the arrangements. Since our advisor will make various decisions on our behalf, agreements and transactions between our advisors affiliates and us as partners with respect to any such venture will not have the benefit of arms length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties. Our advisor or its affiliates may receive various fees for providing services to the joint venture, including but not limited to an asset management fee, with respect to the proportionate interest in the properties held by our joint venture partners. In evaluating investments and other management strategies, the opportunity to earn these fees may lead our advisor to place undue emphasis on criteria relating to its compensation at the expense of other criteria, such as preservation of capital, in order to achieve higher short-term compensation. We may enter into ventures with our sponsor, our advisor, our directors or any of their affiliates for the acquisition of investments or co-investments, but only if: (i) a majority of our directors, including a majority of the independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction approve the transaction as being fair and reasonable to us; and (ii) the investment by us and our sponsor, our advisor, such directors or such affiliate are on terms and conditions that are no less favorable than those that would be available to unaffiliated parties. If we enter into a joint venture with any of our affiliates, the fees payable to our advisor by us would be based on our share of the investment.
Other Transactions Involving Affiliates. A majority of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction must conclude that all other transactions between us and our sponsor, our advisor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates are fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
Lack of Separate Representation. Greenberg Traurig, LLP has acted as special U.S. federal income tax counsel to us in connection with our offering and is counsel to us, our operating partnership, our dealer manager and our advisor in connection with our offering and may in the future act as counsel for each such company. Greenberg Traurig, LLP also may in the future serve as counsel to certain affiliates of our advisor in matters unrelated to our offering. There is a possibility that in the future the interests of the various parties may become adverse. In the event that a dispute were to arise between us, our operating partnership, our dealer manager, our advisor, or any of their affiliates, separate counsel for such parties would be retained as and when appropriate.
Limitation on Operating Expenses. We reimburse our advisor quarterly for total operating expenses, based upon a calculation for the four preceding fiscal quarters, not to exceed the greater of 2% of our average invested assets or 25% of our net income, unless our independent directors have determined that such excess expenses were justified based on unusual and non-recurring factors. In each case in which such a determination is made, our stockholders will receive written disclosure of the determination, together with an explanation of the factors considered in making the determination, within 60 days after the quarter in which the excess is approved. Average invested assets means the average monthly book value of our assets during a specified period before deducting depreciation, loan loss reserves or other similar non-cash reserves. Total operating expenses means all costs and expenses paid or incurred by us, as determined under U.S. GAAP, that are in any way related to our operation, including asset management fees, but excluding: (i) the expenses of raising capital such as organization and offering costs, legal, audit, accounting, underwriting, brokerage, listing, registration and other fees, printing and other such expenses and taxes incurred in connection with the issuance, distribution, transfer, registration and stock exchange listing of our stock; (ii) interest payments; (iii) taxes; (iv) non-cash expenses such as depreciation, amortization and bad debt reserves; (v) incentive fees; (vi) acquisition fees and acquisition expenses; (vii) real estate commission on the sale of real property; and (viii) other fees and expenses connected with the acquisition, financing, disposition, management and ownership of real estate interests, loans or other property (such as the costs of foreclosure, insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance, repair and improvement of property).
Issuance of Options and Warrants to Certain Affiliates. We will not issue options or warrants to purchase our common stock to our advisor, our directors, our sponsor or any of their affiliates, except on the same terms as such options or warrants are sold to the general public. We may issue options or warrants to persons other than our advisor, our directors, our sponsor and their affiliates, but not at an exercise price less than the fair market value of the underlying securities on the date of grant and not for consideration (which may include services) that in the judgment of our board of directors has a market value less than the value of such option or warrant on the date of grant. Any options or warrants we issue to our advisor, our directors, our sponsor or any of their affiliates shall not exceed an amount equal to 10% of the outstanding shares of our common stock on the date of grant.
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Repurchase of Our Shares. Our charter prohibits us from paying a fee to our sponsor, our advisor or our directors or any of their affiliates in connection with our repurchase of our common stock.
Loans. We will not make any loans to our sponsor, our advisor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates unless the loans are mortgage loans and an appraisal is obtained from an independent appraiser concerning the underlying property or unless the loans are to one of our wholly owned subsidiaries. In addition, we will not borrow from our sponsor, our advisor, any of our directors or any of their affiliates unless a majority of our board of directors (including a majority of independent directors) not otherwise interested in such transaction approves the transaction as being fair, competitive and commercially reasonable and no less favorable to us than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties. These restrictions on loans only apply to advances of cash that are commonly viewed as loans, as determined by our board of directors. By way of example only, the prohibition on loans would not restrict advances of cash for legal expenses or other costs incurred as a result of any legal action for which indemnification is being sought nor would the prohibition limit our ability to advance reimbursable expenses incurred by directors or officers or our advisor or its affiliates.
Reports to Stockholders. Our charter requires that we prepare an annual report and deliver it to our common stockholders within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year. Our board of directors is required to take reasonable steps to ensure that the annual report complies with our charter provisions. Among the matters that must be included in the annual report or included in a proxy statement delivered with the annual report are:
| financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP that are audited and reported on by independent certified public accountants; |
| the ratio of the costs of raising capital during the year to the capital raised; |
| the aggregate amount of advisory fees and the aggregate amount of other fees paid to our advisor and any affiliates of our advisor by us or third parties doing business with us during the year; |
| our total operating expenses for the year stated as a percentage of our average invested assets and as a percentage of our net income; |
| a report from our independent directors that our policies are in the best interests of our common stockholders and the basis for such determination; and |
| a separately stated, full disclosure of all material terms, factors and circumstances surrounding any and all transactions involving us and our advisor, a director or any affiliate thereof during the year, which disclosure has been examined and commented upon in the report by our independent directors with regard to the fairness of such transactions. |
Voting of Shares Owned by Affiliates. Our advisor, our directors and their affiliates may not vote their shares of common stock regarding: (i) the removal of any of them; or (ii) any transaction between them and us. In determining the requisite percentage in interest of shares necessary to approve a matter on which our advisor, our directors and their affiliates may not vote, any shares owned by them will not be included.
Allocation of Investment Opportunities. We rely on the investment professionals of our advisor and certain of its affiliates to identify suitable investment opportunities for our company. Our investment strategy may be similar to that of, and may overlap with, the investment strategies of other Cantor Companies. Therefore, some investment opportunities that are suitable for us may also be suitable for other Cantor Companies .
Our advisor and its affiliates may allocate to us all investment opportunities which they identify and which are consistent with our guidelines. In the future, our advisor and its affiliates will allocate investment opportunities to us and other companies our sponsor may sponsor based on factors which may include, without limitation, the following:
| investment objectives, strategy and criteria; |
| cash requirements; |
| effect of the investment on the diversification of the portfolio, including by geography, size of investment, type of investment and risk of investment; |
| leverage policy and the availability of financing for the investment by each entity; |
| anticipated cash flow of the asset to be acquired; |
| income tax effects of the purchase; |
| the size of the investment; |
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| the amount of funds available; |
| cost of capital; |
| risk return profiles; |
| targeted distribution rates; |
| anticipated future pipeline of suitable investments; |
| the expected holding period of the investment and the remaining term of the purchasing entity, if applicable; and |
| affiliate and/or related party considerations. |
The decision of how any potential investment should be allocated among us and other Cantor Companies for which such investment may be most suitable may, in many cases, be a matter of highly subjective judgment which will be made by Cantor in its sole discretion. Our advisor will be required to provide information to our board of directors to enable our board of directors, including the independent directors, to determine whether procedures regarding the allocation of investment opportunities are being fairly applied.
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INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND CRITERIA
General
We expect to use substantially all of the net proceeds from this offering to invest in and manage a diversified portfolio of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets. We intend to invest primarily in the acquisition of single-tenant net leased commercial properties located in the United States, United Kingdom and other European countries. We may also originate and invest in loans related to net leased commercial properties and invest in commercial real estate related securities. Our funds will be invested in accordance with our charter, which will place numerous limitations on us with respect to the manner in which we may invest (see Charter-imposed Investment Limitations).
We are focused on acquiring a real estate investment portfolio with a total return profile intended to provide current income and the potential for capital appreciation. To that end, our primary investment objectives are:
| to preserve and return your capital contribution; |
| to provide regular cash distributions; and |
| to realize potential growth in the value of our investments. |
We may return all or a portion of your capital contribution in connection with the sale of the company or the assets we will acquire or upon maturity of payoff of our investments. Alternatively, you may be able to obtain a return of all or a portion of your capital contribution in connection with the sale of your shares. No public trading market for our shares currently exists.
We expect to focus on investing in developed markets throughout the United States, United Kingdom and other European countries, although we may also invest a portion of the proceeds of this offering outside of these areas. We believe that an allocation to international investments will contribute meaningfully to the diversification of our portfolio, the ability for us to identify favorable income-generating investments and the potential for achieving returns consistent with our objectives. We believe that investment opportunities to achieve our objectives currently exist within the United States and globally. We believe that our strategy to acquire properties on a global basis will provide for a well-diversified portfolio that may generate returns consistent with our investment objectives.
Our board may revise our investment policies, which we describe in more detail below, without the approval of our stockholders. Our independent directors will review our investment policies at least annually to determine whether our policies are in the best interests of our stockholders. Our charter requires that the independent directors include the basis for this determination in our minutes and in an annual report delivered to our stockholders. Any material changes to our investment policies will be disclosed in our next required periodic report following the approval of such changes by our board of directors.
Our Strengths
We believe that our strengths include (i) our affiliation with Cantor, including its capital markets expertise and research capabilities, (ii) our advisor personnels extensive real estate related expertise, (iii) our advisors extensive sourcing capabilities, (iv) our advisors experienced management team and (v) our sponsors commitment to support distributions and to pay certain selling commissions and dealer manager fees.
Our Affiliation with Cantor Our affiliation with Cantor provides us with unique insight and in-depth knowledge of global financial markets and local real estate dynamics . In addition, we believe our advisor s affiliation with Newmark will provide us with access to potential investment opportunities, many of which we believe will not be available to our competitors.
Cantor is a diversified organization specializing in financial services and in real estate services and finance for institutional customers operating in the global financial and commercial real estate markets. Cantors major business lines include Capital Markets and Investment Banking and Real Estate Brokerage and Finance.
Through our advisor, we can draw on Cantors established expertise within the global capital markets, providing us with a unique perspective on fixed income trends, pricing, and liquidity. Cantors Capital Markets and Investment Banking business is focused on serving institutional customers, including insurance companies, asset managers, Fortune 500 companies, middle market companies, investment advisors, regional broker-dealers, small and mid-sized banks, hedge funds, REITs and specialty investment firms. This business operates primarily through, Cantor Fitzgerald & Co, which is one of only 23 Primary Dealers permitted to
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trade U.S. government securities directly with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Cantors Investment Banking division underwrites public and private offerings of equity and debt securities and provides financial advisory services to clients in connection with mergers and acquisitions, restructurings and other transactions. Cantors capital markets expertise includes a focus on commercial real estate:
Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., acted as co-lead manager or co-manager on the issuance of 44 fixed rate Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities offerings totaling approximately $50 billion between April 1, 2011, and December 31, 2015, representing approximately 22% of total domestic fixed rate CMBS securitizations during the same period. Additionally, Cantor is a leader in at-the-market (ATM) follow-on equity offerings, including having filed over 85 REIT ATM programs with an aggregate value of over $15 billion over the past 10 years. Further, Cantors capital markets expertise includes a focus on corporate credit, where it transacted over $180 billion of corporate debt securities in 2014.
Both Newmark and Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. publish proprietary research and analyses related to REITs and other public companies, real estate property types and global markets, as well as overall economic trends and outlooks. This research monitors leading and lagging indicators, tracks and analyzes demand drivers, cyclical patterns and industry trends affecting real estate.
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As of December 31, 2015, Newmark operated from over 120 offices across the United States as shown on the map below.
Extensive Real Estate Expertise Our advisors executives possess a unique combination of real estate and corporate credit evaluation and investment expertise and, throughout their careers, have collectively acquired, originated, structured and/or managed over $100 billion of real estate investments consistent with our investment strategy and over numerous real estate cycles.
Significant Sourcing Capabilities Our advisor is led by an experienced management team of investment professionals who possess longstanding relationships with real estate owners and developers, tenants, institutional private equity firms, brokerage professionals and other commercial real estate industry participants. Additionally, through our advisor, we can draw on Newmarks industry expertise. We expect the combination of Newmarks sourcing capabilities combined with the experience and relationships of our advisors and its affiliates personnel, will provide us with an ongoing source of investment opportunities, many of which we believe will not be available to our competitors.
Experienced Management Team Our advisor is managed by an experienced team of investment professionals with institutional real estate and finance experience ranging from 25 to 27 years at major financial institutions. Members of this management team have led teams of global investment professionals in executing investment strategies consistent with our investment strategy. See ManagementThe Advisor for biographical information regarding these individuals.
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Sponsor Support
Distribution Support Commitment Our sponsor has agreed to purchase up to an aggregate of $5.0 million of our Class I Shares of common stock (which will include any shares our sponsor may purchase in order to satisfy the minimum offering) at the then current offering price per Class I Share net of dealer manager fees until [ , 2017] to the extent cash distributions to our stockholders for any calendar quarter exceed MFFO for such quarter. Our sponsor our certain of its affiliates will purchase shares following the end of each quarter for a purchase price equal to the amount by which the cash distributions paid to stockholders exceed MFFO for such quarter. Notwithstanding the obligations pursuant to the distribution support agreement, we are not required to pay distributions to our stockholders. For more information regarding our sponsor share purchase support arrangement and our distribution policy, please see Description of SharesDistributions.
Support of certain Selling Commissions and Dealer Manager Fees Our sponsor has agreed to pay a portion of the underwriting compensation in an amount up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds, consisting of (i) a portion of the selling commissions in the amount of 1.0%, and all of the dealer manager fees in the amount of 3.0%, of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class A Shares and Class T Shares and (ii) all of the dealer manager fee in the amount of 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class I Shares, in each case subject to a reimbursement under certain circumstances. This will result in a reduction in the total selling commissions and dealer manager fees that we will pay in connection with the primary offering and therefore increase the estimated amount we will have available for investments. See Management Compensation.
Target Asset Types
The assets in which we intend to invest will include the following:
| Equity Investments: Primarily acquire properties leased to a single-tenant on a long-term net lease basis, whereby the tenant is substantially responsible for all of the costs associated with operating and maintaining the property such as repairs and maintenance, insurance, taxes, utilities, and capital expenditures for the duration of the lease. We may also acquire properties that are subject to short-term net leases or are multi-tenanted. Properties will be purchased directly or through a joint venture ownership structure and located primarily in the United States, United Kingdom and other European countries; |
| Preferred Equity, Loans and Other Subordinated Interests: Invest in or originate preferred equity or mezzanine loans related to properties net leased to a single-tenant on a long-term basis. We may also invest in preferred equity or mezzanine loans related to properties that are subject to short-term net leases or are multi-tenanted. Mezzanine loans are made to the owners of a mortgage borrower and secured by a pledge of equity interests in the mortgage borrower. Preferred equity investments are subordinate to any mortgage and mezzanine loan, but senior to the owners common equity; |
| Real Estate-Related Securities: Invest in real estate securities which may take the form of (i) CMBS or structured notes that are collateralized by pools of real estate debt instruments, often first mortgage loans, (ii) REIT debt, (iii) REIT preferred stock, (iv) REIT common shares or (v) equity interests in private companies that own real estate assets. |
Although we do not have targeted investment allocations for any of the asset classes described above, we expect that a majority of our investments will be related to properties leased to tenants under long-term net leases. Net leases generally require the tenant to pay substantially all of the costs associated with operating and maintaining the property such as repairs and maintenance, insurance, taxes, utilities, and capital expenditures. We generally consider leases having a remaining term of ten years or more to be long-term leases, and those with a shorter term to be short-term leases.
The allocation of our capital among our target assets will depend on prevailing market conditions at the time we invest and may change over time in response to prevailing market conditions, including the current interest rate environment and general economic conditions. In addition, in the future we may invest in assets other than our target assets, in each case subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes and our exclusion from regulation under the Investment Company Act.
While we aim to diversify our portfolio, we are not required to meet any diversification standards and have no specific policies or restrictions regarding the geographic areas where we make investments, the industries in which our tenants may conduct business or on the percentage of our capital that we may invest in a particular asset type. If we only raise the minimum offering proceeds we will not be able to satisfy the diversification strategy.
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We will allocate capital to various real estate equity and debt investments with a total return focus to meet our objectives. We will employ underwriting and due diligence processes with respect to each investment while also analyzing the impact of certain potential downside scenarios.
Real Estate Properties
We intend to primarily acquire a diversified portfolio of properties located in the United States, United Kingdom and other European countries that are net leased to single tenant occupants on a long term basis. We may also invest in properties that are subject to short-term net leases or multi-tenanted. Some acquisitions may include sale-leaseback transactions involving single tenant net leased commercial properties acquired directly from the tenant and subject to a newly executed lease.
We intend to focus on acquisitions of net lease properties in the industrial, healthcare, office, special use and retail sectors.
Industrial
Industrial properties are generally categorized as warehouse/distribution centers, research and development facilities, flex space or manufacturing. The performance of industrial properties is typically dependent on the proximity to economic centers and the movement of global trade and goods. We intend to target industrial locations and uses that are operationally significant to the tenants operations or are located in markets with key transportation interconnectivity and demand drivers. We will also seek properties with fungible layouts, ability for expansion and features competitive within the market.
Healthcare
Healthcare properties are generally categorized as medical office, clinics, outpatient centers, and other properties leased to healthcare-related tenants. Healthcare properties typically have high barriers to entry due to a specialized build-out specifically for healthcare use. We intend to invest in properties with a use affiliated with healthcare providers or a location in close proximity to healthcare systems. We believe opportunities exist in the healthcare market due to an aging U.S. and European population and an increased demand for medical services and facilities.
Office
Office properties are generally categorized based upon location and quality. Buildings may be located in Central Business Districts (CBDs) or suburbs. Buildings are also classified by general quality and size, ranging from Class A properties, which are generally large-scale buildings of the highest-quality to Class C buildings which are of lower quality. We intend to focus on high quality, functional buildings well located within their markets with sufficient leasing depth that can attract both single and multi-tenant users. We will seek office buildings that have competitive amenities within their sub-market with contractual rents that are achievable in a re-leasing scenario. For any renewal or re-tenanting, we intend to execute longer than average leases to amortize capital costs.
Special Use
Special use properties may include data centers, land, government, municipal, or university related properties, among others. Special use properties typically have long lease terms and high tenant retention due to asset criticality and specialty build-out. Generally, specialty real estate is a critical component to the tenants business operations.
Retail
Retail properties are generally categorized as enclosed and outdoor shopping malls, anchored-retail centers, strip centers, and stand-alone retail properties. We intend to invest in stand-alone, necessity based retail properties such as pharmacies and other similar property types that are well located with demonstrated demand characteristics.
Preferred Equity, Loans and Other Subordinated Interests
In addition to direct investments in properties, we may invest in or originate preferred equity or mezzanine loans related to properties net leased to a single-tenant on a long-term basis.
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Preferred Equity. Preferred equity is a type of loan secured by the partner interests in an entity that owns property or real estate related investments. These investments are generally senior with respect to distributions, redemption rights and rights at liquidation to the entitys common equity. For accepting increased credit risk, investors in preferred equity are compensated with fixed (or floating) payments and may also participate in capital appreciation. Upon a default, there is a change of control event and the limited partner assumes control of the entity. Upon an event of default by a general and limited partner, they may lose their rights with regard to operational input and become a passive investor. Rights of preferred equity holders are usually governed by partnership agreements that determine who has control over decision making, and when those rights may be revoked, and typically include a cash flow waterfall that allocates any distributions of income or principal into and out of the entity.
Mezzanine Loans. Mezzanine loans are secured by one or more direct or indirect ownership interests in an entity that directly or indirectly owns commercial real estate and generally finance the acquisition, refinancing, rehabilitation or construction of commercial real estate. Mezzanine loans may be either short or long term and may be fixed or floating rate. We may acquire or originate mezzanine loans backed by properties that fit our investment strategy. We may own such mezzanine loans directly or we may hold a participation in a mezzanine loan or a sub-participation in a mezzanine loan. These loans are predominantly current-pay loans (although there may be a portion of the interest that accrues) and may provide for participation in the value or cash flow appreciation of the underlying property.
Real Estate-Related Securities
We may also invest in equity and debt securities issued by companies that are engaged in real estate-related businesses including REITs, which may take the form of (i) CMBS or structured notes that are collateralized by pools of real estate debt instruments, often first mortgage loans, (ii) REIT debt, (iii) REIT preferred stock, (iv) REIT common shares or (v) equity interests in private companies that own real estate assets.
CMBS . CMBS are securities that are collateralized by, or evidence ownership interests in, a single commercial mortgage loan or a partial or entire pool of mortgage loans secured by commercial properties. CMBS are generally pass-through certificates that represent beneficial ownership interests in common law trusts whose assets consist of defined portfolios of one or more commercial mortgage loans. They are typically issued in multiple tranches whereby the more senior classes are entitled to priority distributions of specified principal and interest payments from the trusts underlying assets. The senior classes are often securities which, if rated, would have ratings ranging from low investment grade BBB to higher investment grades A, AA or AAA. The junior, subordinated classes typically would include one or more non-investment grade classes which, if rated, would have ratings below investment grade BBB. Losses and other shortfalls from expected amounts to be received on the mortgage pool are borne first by the most subordinate classes, which receive payments only after the more senior classes have received all principal and/or interest to which they are entitled. We may invest in senior or subordinated, investment grade or non-investment grade CMBS, as well as unrated CMBS.
Structured Notes . Structured notes are multiple class debt notes, secured by pools of assets, such as CMBS, mezzanine loans and unsecured REIT debt. Like typical securitization structures, in a structured note, the assets are pledged to a trustee for the benefit of the holders of the bonds. Structured notes often have reinvestment periods that typically last for five years, during which time, proceeds from the sale of a collateral asset may be invested in substitute collateral. Upon termination of the reinvestment period, the static pool functions very similarly to a CMBS securitization where repayment of principal allows for redemption of bonds sequentially. These notes may be rated investment grade, non-investment grade or not rated.
Securities of Real Estate Entities . We may also choose to acquire common stock, preferred stock and/or senior secured or unsecured debt of publicly traded or private REITs that acquire and hold real estate. In addition, we may invest in equity securities (including common and preferred stock, as well as limited partnership or other interests) of private companies that own real estate assets, including for the purpose of exercising control over such entities. We may acquire all or substantially all of the securities or assets of companies engaged in real estate-related activities where such investment would be consistent with our investment policies and our status as a REIT.
Other Possible Investments
Although we expect that most of our investments will be of the types described above, we may make other investments in real estate related assets that we believe are in our best interests. Although we can purchase any type of real estate related assets, our charter does limit certain types of investments. See Investment Limitations.
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Development and Construction of Properties
We do not plan to acquire undeveloped land, develop new real estate, or substantially re-develop existing real estate. However, we may pursue build-to-suit and refit-to-suit development projects for single tenants who enter into long-term leases with us prior to our commencing the development project.
Underwriting Process
In analyzing potential investment opportunities, we review all aspects of a transaction, including the credit worthiness of the tenant or borrower and the underlying real estate fundamentals to determine whether a potential acquisition satisfies our acquisition criteria. We are not specifically limited in the number or size of properties we may acquire or the percentage of our assets that we may invest in a single property or investment.
Although we expect to invest primarily in real estate, our portfolio may also include other real estate-related investments, such as mezzanine loans, preferred equity and real-estate related securities. The criteria that our advisor will use in making such investments on our behalf is substantially the same as those involved in acquiring properties for our portfolio.
We may consider the following aspects of each real estate property transaction:
Tenant Evaluation
We evaluate each potential tenant for its creditworthiness, typically considering factors such as management experience; industry position and fundamentals; operating history; and capital structure, as well as other factors that may be relevant to a particular investment. In certain cases, the creditworthiness of a tenant may be a more significant factor than the value of the underlying real estate, particularly if the underlying property is specifically suited to the operating needs of the tenant; however, in certain situations where the real estate is attractively valued, the creditworthiness of the tenant will be analyzed, but may be a secondary consideration.
Certain potential tenants and corporate guarantors of potential tenants may carry credit ratings determined by industry credit rating services, generally Standard & Poors, Moodys, or Fitch. Such potential tenants or guarantors may or may not be rated investment-grade by the credit rating services. We will evaluate the reports produced by these services and any other relevant financial data we collect from potential tenants or guarantors. To the extent we determine a tenant to be creditworthy even though it does not hold an investment-grade credit rating, we do so based on our determination through financial analysis and credit research, that a tenant should have the financial wherewithal to honor its obligations under its lease with us. Relevant financial data may include income statements and balance sheets for the current year and for prior periods, net worth or cash flow statements and other information we deem relevant.
We will execute new tenant leases and tenant lease renewals, expansions and extensions with terms dictated by the type and use of the properties, current submarket and competitive property conditions, and the creditworthiness of each particular tenant. We plan to monitor ongoing tenant creditworthiness generally on a quarterly and annual basis, or from-time-to-time as events may warrant. Ongoing reviews may consist of the following as applicable (i) review of SEC filings, including financial statements, (ii) review of earnings conference calls, (iii) review of relevant tenant provided information as may be provided pursuant to the leases, and (iv) monitoring any changes to credit ratings and review of new or updated credit reports. Additionally, we plan to review industry outlooks where tenant concentrations create exposure to such industries.
Diversification
We will attempt to diversify our portfolio to avoid dependence on any one particular tenant, asset type, property type, geographic location or tenant industry. Additionally, to the extent reasonably possible, we intend to manage our portfolio over time to avoid excessive lease expirations in any given year. By diversifying our portfolio, we seek to reduce the adverse effect of a downturn in any of these characteristics.
Property Evaluation
We will generally review the condition of properties prior to acquisition. We will generally conduct, or require the seller to conduct, an environmental site assessment and property condition assessment in an attempt to identify potential environmental liabilities or capital expenditure requirements associated with a property. If potential environmental or future capital expenditure liabilities are identified, we may require the identified issues be resolved by the seller prior to acquisition or, in the case of a sale-leaseback transaction, we may require the tenant to contractually assume responsibility for resolving identified issues post-closing and indemnify us against any potential claims, losses or expenses arising from such matters.
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Market and Submarket Evaluation
Our market evaluation process generally includes a review of several metrics, including review of the submarket comparable sale and lease transactions and the overall performance of the submarket. We may also consider the demographics, employment trends, and population dynamics when analyzing a submarket. Additionally, we may review the submarkets supply and demand balance as well as the vacancy and new development trends.
Transaction Provisions that Enhance and Protect Value
We will attempt to include provisions in our leases (or acquire properties with lease provisions) that require our consent to specified activities, require the tenant to provide indemnification protections, or require the tenant to satisfy specific operating tests. These provisions may help protect our investment from changes in the operating and financial characteristics of a tenant that may affect its ability to satisfy its obligations to us or reduce the value of our investment. We may also seek to enhance the likelihood of a tenants lease obligations being satisfied through a guaranty of obligations from the tenants corporate parent or a letter of credit. This credit enhancement, if obtained, provides us with additional financial security. However, in markets where competition for net lease transactions is strong, some or all of these provisions may be difficult to negotiate. Additionally, in some circumstances, tenants may require a right to purchase the property leased by the tenant. The option purchase price is generally the greater of the contract purchase price and the fair market value of the property at the time the option is exercised.
Acquisition Structure
We will generally acquire fee interests in properties (a fee interest is the absolute, legal possession and ownership of land, property, or rights), although other methods of acquiring a property, including acquiring leasehold interests (a leasehold interest is a right to enjoy the exclusive possession and use of an asset or property for a stated definite period as created by a written lease), may be utilized if we deem it to be advantageous. For example, we may acquire properties through a joint venture or an acquisition of substantially all of the interests of an entity that owns the real property. We also may make preferred equity investments in an entity that owns real property or loans backed by real property.
Our advisor or their affiliates may purchase properties in their own name, assume loans in connection with the purchase and temporarily hold title to the properties for the purpose of facilitating acquisition or financing by us or any other purpose related to our business.
Description of Leases
The terms and conditions of any lease we enter into with our tenants may vary substantially from those we describe in this prospectus and will be on terms customary for the type of property, geographical area and prevailing market trends.
In general, the leases we enter into or acquire will be net leases. Net leases generally obligate the tenant to pay some or all operating expenses and capital expenditures during the lease term. Operating expenses typically include repairs and maintenance, insurance, taxes and utilities. We also generally seek to include provisions in our leases (or seek or acquire properties with leases) that increase the amount of base rent payable at various points during the lease term. The terms and conditions of any leases we enter into (or leases associated with properties we acquire) may vary substantially from those described.
Tenant Improvements
We anticipate that any tenant improvements required at the time of acquisition will be funded from our offering proceeds. However, if at such time a tenant in one of our properties does not renew its lease or otherwise vacates its space in one of our buildings, it is likely that, in order to attract new tenants, we may be required to expend funds for tenant improvements and tenant refurbishments to the vacated space. We would generally expect to fund those improvements with offering proceeds, through third-party financings or working capital.
Investment Decisions and Asset Management
Our advisor has the authority to make decisions regarding our investments, subject to the limitations in our charter and the direction and oversight of our board of directors. Our independent directors will review our investment policies at least annually to determine whether our investment policies continue to be in the best interests of our common stockholders.
Our advisor believes that successful investment requires the implementation of strategies that permit favorable purchases and originations, effective asset management and timely disposition of those assets. As such, our advisor has developed a disciplined investment approach that combines the experience of its team of real estate professionals with a structure that emphasizes thorough
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market research, stringent underwriting standards and a robust analysis of the risks of each investment. Our investment approach also includes active management of each asset acquired. Our advisor believes that active management is necessary to preserve and create value. Our advisor will consider an exit strategy for each investment we make. Our advisor may from time-to-time evaluate the exit strategy of each asset in response to the performance of the individual asset, market conditions and our overall portfolio objectives to determine the optimal time to hold the asset.
Our advisor will work with its team of real estate professionals in the identification, origination, acquisition and management of our investments. Throughout their careers, our advisors senior real estate professionals have experienced multiple market cycles and have the expertise gained through hands-on experience in acquisitions, financings, loan originations, loan workouts, asset management, dispositions, development, leasing and property and portfolio management.
To execute our advisors disciplined investment approach, a team of our advisors real estate professionals takes responsibility for the business plan of each investment. The following practices summarize our advisors investment approach:
| National Market Research The investment team extensively researches the acquisition or origination and underwriting of each transaction, utilizing both real time market data and the transactional knowledge and experience of our advisors network of professionals. |
| Underwriting Discipline Only those assets meeting our investment criteria will be accepted for inclusion in our portfolio. In an effort to keep an asset in compliance with those standards, the underwriting team remains involved through the investment life cycle of the asset and consults with the other professionals responsible for the asset. This team of experts reviews and develops comprehensive reports for each asset throughout the holding period. |
| Risk Management Risk management is a fundamental component of our advisors portfolio construction and investment management process. Portfolio diversification by investment type, investment size and investment risk is critical to controlling risk. Our advisors management continuously reviews the operating performance of investments and provides the oversight necessary to detect and resolve issues as they arise. |
| Asset Management Prior to the purchase of an individual asset or portfolio, our advisor and its affiliates asset managers work closely with the acquisition and underwriting teams to assess the business strategy and confirm the underwriting package contains appropriate market and operating performance information. This is a forecast of the action items to be taken and the capital needed to achieve the anticipated returns. Our advisor reviews asset business strategies quarterly to anticipate changes or opportunities in the market during a given phase of a market cycle. In addition, our advisor will evaluate each potential tenant for its creditworthiness in accordance with our underwriting guidelines. |
Joint Venture Investments
We may enter into joint ventures, partnerships and other co-ownership arrangements (including preferred equity investments) or participations for the purpose of making investments. In determining whether to invest in a particular joint venture, our advisor will evaluate the assets that such joint venture owns or is being formed to own under the same criteria described elsewhere in this prospectus for the selection of our investments.
Our advisor will also evaluate the potential joint venture partner as to its financial condition, operating capabilities and integrity. We may enter into joint ventures with third parties and affiliates, however, we may only enter into joint ventures with our advisor, any of or directors or any of their affiliates if a majority of the board of directors (including a majority of our independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction concludes that the transaction is fair and reasonable to us and determines that our investment is on terms substantially similar to the terms of third parties making comparable investments.
We have not established the specific terms we will require in the joint venture agreements we may enter. Instead, we will establish the terms with respect to any particular joint venture agreement on a case-by-case basis after we have considered all of the facts that are relevant, such as the nature and attributes of our other potential joint venture partners, the proposed structure of the joint venture, the nature of the operations, the liabilities and assets associated with the proposed joint venture and the size of our interest when compared to the interests owned by other partners in the venture. With respect to any joint venture we enter, we expect to consider the following types of concerns and safeguards:
| Our ability to manage and control the joint venture. We will consider whether we should obtain certain approval rights in joint ventures we do not control. For proposed joint ventures in which we are to share control with another entity, we will consider the procedures to address decisions in the event of an impasse. |
| Our ability to exit a joint venture. We consider requiring buy/sell rights, redemption rights or forced liquidation rights. |
| Our ability to control transfers of interests held by other partners to the venture. We will consider requiring consent provisions, a right of first refusal and/or forced redemption rights in connection with transfers. |
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Financing Strategy and Policies
We may borrow at the corporate or asset level. We will generally seek to place both debt obligations to lenders and tenants rental obligations to us in the same currency. This will enable us to hedge a portion of our currency risk. We, through the subsidiaries we form to make investments, generally will seek to borrow on a non-recourse basis, in amounts that we believe will maximize the return to our stockholders. The use of non-recourse financing may allow us to improve returns to our stockholders and to limit our exposure on any investment to the amount invested. Non-recourse indebtedness means the indebtedness of the borrower or its subsidiaries that is secured only by the assets to which such indebtedness relates without recourse to the borrower or any of its subsidiaries, other than in case of customary carve-outs for which the borrower or its affiliates acts as guarantor in connection with such indebtedness, such as fraud, misappropriation, misapplication of funds, environmental conditions and material misrepresentation. Since non-recourse financing generally restricts the lenders claim on the assets of the borrower, the lender generally may only take back the asset securing the debt, which protects our other assets. In some cases, particularly with respect to non-U.S. investments, the lenders may require that they have recourse to other assets owned by a subsidiary borrower, in addition to the asset securing the debt. Such recourse generally would not extend to assets of our other subsidiaries.
We expect that once we have fully invested the proceeds of this offering, our debt financing and other liabilities will be approximately 50% of the cost of our tangible assets (before deducting depreciation or other non-cash reserves), although it may exceed this level during our offering stage. There is no limitation on the amount we may borrow for any single investment. Our charter limits our borrowing to 300% of our net assets (which approximates 75% of the cost of our assets) unless any excess borrowing is approved by a majority of our independent directors and is disclosed to our stockholders in our next quarterly report along with justification for the excess.
It is expected that, by operating on a leveraged basis, we will have more funds available and, therefore, will make more investments and be in a better position to improve the returns to our stockholders than would otherwise be possible without such leverage. This is expected to result in a more diversified portfolio. Our advisor will use its best efforts to obtain financing on the most favorable terms available to us.
We may refinance properties or defease loans during the term of a loan when a decline in interest rates makes it profitable to prepay an existing loan, when an existing loan matures or if an attractive investment becomes available and the proceeds from the refinancing can be used to purchase such investment. The benefits of the refinancing may include an increased cash flow resulting from reduced debt service requirements, an increase in distributions from proceeds of the refinancing, if any, and/or an increase in property ownership if some refinancing proceeds are reinvested in real estate. The prepayment of loans may require us to pay a yield maintenance premium or defeasance costs to the lender in order to pay off a loan prior to its maturity.
We may enter into borrowing arrangements such as secured or unsecured credit lines, warehouse facilities, repurchase agreements or other types of financing arrangements. We may also issue corporate debt securities, subject to the limitations in our charter. Some of these arrangements may be recourse to us or may be secured by our assets. Many of these arrangements would likely require us to meet financial and non-financial covenants. Some of these borrowings may be short term and may require that we meet margin requirements.
We may borrow funds or purchase properties from our advisor or its affiliates if doing so is consistent with our investment objectives and policies and if other conditions are met. We may borrow funds from our advisor or its affiliates to provide the debt portion of a particular investment or to facilitate refinancings if, in the judgment of our board, it is in our best interest to do so.
These short-term loans may be fully or partially amortized, may provide for the payment of interest only during the term of the loan or may provide for the payment of principal and interest only upon maturity. In addition, these loans may be secured by a first or subordinate mortgage on the asset to be invested in or by a pledge of or security interest in the offering proceeds that are being held in escrow which are to be received from the sale of our shares.
Our charter currently provides that we will not borrow funds from our directors, our advisor or any of their respective affiliates unless the transaction is approved by a majority of the directors, including a majority of the independent directors, who are not interested in the transaction as being fair, competitive and commercially reasonable and not less favorable than those prevailing for loans between unaffiliated third parties under the same circumstances.
Operating Policies
Credit Risk Management . For certain of our assets, we may be exposed to various levels of credit risk depending on the nature of our underlying assets and the nature and level of credit enhancements supporting our assets. Our advisor and our executive officers will
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review and monitor credit risk and other risks of loss associated with each investment. In addition, we will seek to diversify our portfolio of assets to avoid undue geographic, issuer, industry and certain other types of concentrations. Our board of directors will monitor the overall portfolio risk and levels of provision for loss.
Interest Rate Risk Management . To the extent consistent with maintaining our qualification as a REIT, for our loan investments, we will follow an interest rate risk management policy intended to mitigate the negative effects of major interest rate changes. When possible and economically viable, we intend to minimize our interest rate risk from borrowings by attempting to structure the key terms of our borrowings to generally correspond to the term of our assets and/or through hedging activities. In addition, for our property assets, we may borrow at fixed rates or variable rates and, in some cases, with the ability to convert variable rates to fixed rates. We may also enter into derivative financial instruments such as interest rate swaps and caps in order to mitigate our interest rate risk on a related financial instrument. We will not enter into derivative or interest rate transactions for speculative purposes.
Hedging Activities . We may engage in hedging transactions to protect our investment portfolio from interest rate fluctuations, currency risks and other changes in market conditions. These transactions may include interest rate and currency swaps, the purchase or sale of interest rate and currency collars, caps or floors, options, mortgage derivatives and other hedging instruments. These instruments may be used to hedge as much of the interest rate and currency risk as we determine is in the best interest of our stockholders, given the cost of such hedges and the need to maintain our qualification as a REIT. We may from time to time enter into interest rate swap agreements to offset the potential adverse effects of rising interest rates under certain short-term repurchase agreements. We may elect to bear a level of interest rate or currency risk that could otherwise be hedged when we believe, based on all relevant facts, that bearing such risk is advisable.
Equity Capital Policies . Our board of directors may amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of authorized shares of stock or the number of authorized shares of stock of any class or series without stockholder approval. After your purchase in this offering, our board may elect to (i) sell additional shares in this or future public offerings, including through the distribution reinvestment plan, (ii) issue equity interests in private offerings, (iii) issue shares to our advisor, or its successors or assigns, in payment of an outstanding fee obligation or (iv) issue shares of our common stock to sellers of assets we acquire in connection with an exchange of limited partnership interests of the operating partnership. In addition, our sponsor may be obligated to buy additional shares under the distribution support agreement. To the extent we issue additional equity interests after your purchase in this offering, whether in a primary offering, through the distribution reinvestment plan or otherwise, your percentage ownership interest in us will be diluted. In addition, depending upon the terms and pricing of any additional offerings, the use of the proceeds and the value of our investments, you may also experience dilution in the book value and fair value of your shares and in the earnings and distributions per share.
Disposition Policies
We generally acquire assets with an expectation of holding them for an extended period. However, circumstances may arise that could result in the earlier sale of some assets. The period that we will hold our other investments in real estate assets will vary depending on the type of asset, interest rates and other factors. Our advisor will consider an exit strategy for each investment we make. Our advisor will periodically perform an analysis on each asset in order to determine the optimal hold period of the asset. Asset types and economic and market conditions may influence us to hold our investments for different periods of time. We may sell an asset before the end of the expected holding period if we believe that market conditions have maximized its value to us or the sale of the asset would otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders, including management of our corporate liquidity. The determination of whether a particular asset should be sold or otherwise disposed of will be made after consideration of relevant factors, including prevailing and projected economic conditions, current tenant rolls and tenant creditworthiness, whether we could apply the proceeds from the sale of the asset to make other investments, whether disposition of the asset would increase cash flow, and whether the sale of the asset would be a prohibited transaction under the Internal Revenue Code or otherwise impact our status as a REIT. The selling price of a property that is net leased will be determined in large part by the amount of rent payable under the lease. If a tenant has a repurchase option at a formula price, we may be limited in realizing any appreciation. In connection with our sales of properties, we may lend the purchaser all or a portion of the purchase price. In these instances, our taxable income may exceed the cash received in the sale.
Charter-imposed Investment Limitations
Our charter places the following limitations on us with respect to the manner in which we may invest our funds or issue securities. Pursuant to our charter, we may not:
| incur debt such that it would cause our liabilities to exceed 300% of the cost of our net assets, which we expect to approximate 75% of the aggregate cost of tangible assets owned by us (before deducting depreciation, reserves for bad debts or other non-cash reserves), unless approved by a majority of the independent directors; |
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| invest more than 10% of our total assets in unimproved property or mortgage loans secured only by unimproved property, which we define as property not acquired for the purpose of producing rental or other operating income or on which there is no development or construction in progress or planned to commence within one year; |
| make or invest in mortgage loans unless an appraisal is available concerning the underlying property, except for those mortgage loans insured or guaranteed by a government or government agency; |
| make or invest in mortgage loans, including construction loans, on any one property if the aggregate amount of all mortgage loans on such property would exceed an amount equal to 85% of the appraised value of such property as determined by appraisal, unless substantial justification exists for exceeding such limit because of the presence of other underwriting criteria; |
| invest in indebtedness or make loans secured by a mortgage on real property that is subordinate to the lien or other indebtedness of our sponsor, our advisor, a director or any of our affiliates; |
| make an investment if the related acquisition fees and expenses are not reasonable or exceed 6.0% of the contract purchase price for the asset or, in the case of a loan we originate, 6.0% of the funds advanced, provided that in either case the investment may be made if a majority of the board of directors (including a majority of our independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction approves such fees and expenses and determines that the transaction is commercially competitive, fair and reasonable to us; |
| acquire equity securities unless a majority of the board of directors (including a majority of our independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction approves such investment as being fair, competitive and commercially reasonable, provided that investments in equity securities in publicly traded entities that are otherwise approved by a majority of the board of directors (including a majority of our independent directors) shall be deemed fair, competitive and commercially reasonable if we acquire the equity securities through a trade that is effected in a recognized securities market (a publicly traded entity shall mean any entity having securities listed on a national securities exchange or included for quotation on an interdealer quotation system) and provided further that this limitation does not apply to (i) acquisitions effected through the purchase of all of the equity securities of an existing entity or (ii) the investment in wholly owned subsidiaries of ours; |
| invest in real estate contracts of sale, otherwise known as land sale contracts, unless the contract is in recordable form and is appropriately recorded in the chain of title; |
| invest in commodities or commodity futures contracts, except for futures contracts when used solely for the purpose of hedging in connection with our ordinary business of investing in real estate assets and mortgages; |
| issue equity securities on a deferred payment basis or other similar arrangement; |
| issue debt securities in the absence of adequate cash flow to cover debt service unless the historical debt service coverage (in the most recently completed fiscal year), as adjusted for known changes, is sufficient to service that higher level of debt as determined by the board of directors or a duly authorized executive officer; |
| issue equity securities that are assessable after we have received the consideration for which our board of directors authorized their issuance; |
| invest in the securities of any entity holding investments or engaging in activities prohibited by our charter; or |
| issue equity securities which the REIT is obligated to repurchase, which restriction has no effect on our share repurchase program or the ability of our operating partnership to issue redeemable partnership interests. |
In addition, our charter includes many other investment limitations in connection with conflict-of-interest transactions, which limitations are described above under Conflicts of Interest. Our charter also includes restrictions on roll-up transactions, which are described under Description of Shares below.
Investment Company Act Limitations
We intend to conduct our operations so that neither we, nor our operating partnership, nor a subsidiary will be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuers total assets (exclusive of U.S. Government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, which we refer to as the 40% test. Excluded from the term investment securities, among other things, are U.S. Government securities and securities issued by majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exclusion from the definition of investment company set forth in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.
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We are organized as a holding company that conducts its businesses primarily through the operating partnership and our direct or indirect wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries. We and the operating partnership do not and will not hold ourselves out as investment companies. We expect the focus of our business will involve investments in real estate, buildings, and other assets that can be referred to as sticks and bricks and therefore we will not be an investment company under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act. We also may invest in other real estate investments such as real estate-related securities, and will otherwise be considered to be in the real estate business. Both we and the operating partnership intend to conduct our operations so that we comply with the limits imposed by the 40% test. The securities issued to our operating partnership by any wholly owned or majority-owned subsidiaries that we may form in the future that are excluded from the definition of investment company based on Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act, together with any other investment securities the operating partnership may itself own, may not have a value in excess of 40% of the value of the operating partnerships total assets on an unconsolidated basis. We will monitor our holdings to ensure continuing and ongoing compliance with this test. In addition, we believe neither we nor the operating partnership nor any subsidiary will be considered an investment company under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act because none will engage primarily or hold itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Rather, through the operating partnerships wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries, we and the operating partnership will be primarily engaged in the non-investment company businesses of these subsidiaries.
The determination of whether an entity is a majority-owned subsidiary of its immediate parent company is made by us. The Investment Company Act defines a majority-owned subsidiary of a person as a company 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of which are owned by such person. The Investment Company Act further defines voting securities as any security presently entitling the owner or holder thereof to vote for the election of directors of a company. We treat companies in which we own at least 50% of the outstanding voting securities as majority-owned subsidiaries for purposes of the 40% test. We have not requested the SEC to approve our treatment of any company as a majority-owned subsidiary and the SEC has not done so. If the SEC were to disagree with our treatment of one or more companies as majority-owned subsidiaries, we might need to adjust our strategy and our assets in order to continue to pass the 40% test. Any such adjustment in our strategy could have a material adverse effect on us.
We may in the future organize special purpose subsidiaries of the operating partnership that will rely on Section 3(c)(7) for their Investment Company Act exclusion and, therefore, the operating partnerships interest in each of these subsidiaries would constitute an investment security for purposes of determining whether the operating partnership satisfies the 40% test. However, we expect that most of our other majority-owned subsidiaries will not meet the definition of investment company or rely on exclusions under either Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act. Consequently, we expect that our interests in these subsidiaries (which we expect will constitute a substantial majority of our assets) will not constitute investment securities. Consequently, we expect to be able to conduct our operations so that we are not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
One or more of our current or to-be-formed subsidiaries may seek to qualify for an exclusion from registration as an investment company under the Investment Company Act pursuant to Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, which is available for entities primarily engaged in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate. This exclusion, as interpreted by the staff of the SEC, generally requires that at least 55% of our subsidiaries portfolios must be comprised of qualifying interests and at least 80% of each of their total portfolios of assets must be comprised of a combination of qualifying interests and other real estate type interests (as such terms have been interpreted by the staff of the SEC under the Investment Company Act), and no more than 20% may be comprised of assets that are neither qualifying interests nor real estate type interests. Qualifying interests for this purpose include certain mortgage loans and other assets such as certain B notes and tier one mezzanine loans, which the SEC staff in various no-action letters has determined may be treated as qualifying interests for the purposes of the Section 3(c)(5)(C) exclusion. We intend to treat as real estate type interests any securities of companies primarily engaged in real estate businesses that are not within the scope of SEC positions and/or interpretations regarding qualifying interests and that are not, themselves, indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of the operating partnership. Although we intend to monitor our portfolio periodically and prior to each investment acquisition or disposition, there can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain this exclusion from registration for each of our subsidiaries.
In addition, we, the operating partnership and/or our subsidiaries may rely upon other exclusions, including the exclusion provided by Section 3(c)(6) of the Investment Company Act (which excludes from the definition of investment company, among other things, parent entities whose primary business is conducted through majority-owned subsidiaries relying upon the exclusion provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C), discussed above), from the definition of an investment company and the registration requirements under the Investment Company Act.
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Qualification for exclusion from the definition of investment company or other exception or exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act could limit our ability to make certain investments. For example, these restrictions could limit the ability of a subsidiary seeking to rely on the exclusion provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act to invest in securities that the SEC has not deemed qualifying interests.
However, there can be no assurance that the laws and regulations governing the Investment Company Act status of REITs (and/or their subsidiaries), including actions by the SEC or the SEC staff providing more specific or different guidance regarding these exclusions, will not change in a manner that adversely affects our operations. For example, on August 31, 2011, the SEC issued a concept release requesting comments regarding a number of matters relating to the exclusion provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, including the nature of assets that qualify for purposes of the exclusion and whether mortgage REITs should be regulated in a manner similar to investment companies. To the extent that the SEC or the SEC staff provides more specific guidance regarding any of the matters bearing upon such exceptions, exemptions, or exclusions, or other exclusions from the definition of investment company under the Investment Company Act upon which we may rely, we may be required to change the way we conduct our business or adjust our strategy or the activities of our subsidiaries accordingly. Any additional guidance from the SEC staff could provide additional flexibility to us, or it could further inhibit our ability to pursue the strategies we have chosen.
If we fail to qualify for an exception from registration as an investment company or an exclusion from the definition of an investment company, our ability to use leverage and other business strategies would be substantially reduced, and our business will be materially and adversely affected if we fail to qualify for an exception or exclusion from regulation under the Investment Company Act. If we did become an investment company, we might be required to revise some of our current policies to comply with the Investment Company Act. This would require us to incur the expense and delay of holding a stockholder meeting to vote on proposals for such changes. Please see Risk FactorsInvestment Company RisksWe are not registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, and therefore we will not be subject to the requirements imposed on an investment company by the Investment Company Act which may limit or otherwise affect our investment choices. Please also see Risk FactorsInvestment Company RisksIf the Company or the Operating Partnership is required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, the additional expenses and operational limitations associated with such registration may reduce your investment return or impair our ability to conduct our business as planned.
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Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this Market Opportunity section is comprised of the market study prepared by Rosen Consulting Group, or RCG, a national commercial real estate advisory company in September 2016. Forecasts prepared by RCG are based on data (including third-party data), models and experience of various professionals, and are based on various assumptions, all of which are subject to change without notice. There is no assurance any of the forecasts will be achieved. We believe the data utilized by RCG that is contained in this section is reliable, but we have not independently verified this information. The statements contained in this section are based on current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on us and speak only as of the date of such statements.
Current Market Conditions
The commercial real estate market has steadily recovered from the recent recession. The economic expansion of the past few years provided a boost to demand for most commercial real estate property sectors. While new construction accelerated, particularly for multifamily product, occupancy rates and achievable rents increased for commercial real estate in many markets across the country. We expect that the improved operating conditions will continue to drive commercial real estate investment activity.
The moderate level of job creation continued throughout the past several years. Through July 2016, national employment increased by 1.3 million jobs. In 2015, national employment expanded by more than 2.7 million jobs, an increase of nearly 2.0%. From 2011 to 2015, more than 12.3 million jobs were created across the country. The improved business climate drove corporate expansions and absorption of commercial real estate space, while improved job prospects led many households to unbundle from shared living situations and occupy rental apartments as evidenced by approximately 1.2 million new household formations in 2015, according to data from the Census Bureau and RCG.
Household Formation
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Unemployment Rate by Country
Note: IMF uses estimates for later years and varies by country
Investment volume accelerated in recent years and should remain elevated through the near term. Aggregate commercial real estate transaction volume increased to $545.4 billion in 2015, an increase of 26.1% from the previous year, according to Real Capital Analytics. In the first half of 2016, economic volatility helped to moderate real estate acquisition activity to an annualized $448.4 billion. From 2012 to 2015, transaction volume increased at a steady pace, averaging approximately 24% per year. The initial recovery in investment volume focused on core assets in primary markets, but broadened in the past several quarters with increased activity in secondary and tertiary markets. We believe that commercial real estate investment activity should continue to improve through the near term as commercial real estate operating conditions remain favorable.
Commercial Real Estate Transaction Volume
Operating conditions continued to improve for most commercial real estate sectors. With tenants occupying additional space or apartment units, the average rent continued to increase. The average rent increased for most commercial property sectors since 2012, led by the apartment sector where the average rent began to recover in 2010. Tenant demand has steadily risen in cities throughout the country and the absorption of vacant space continues to drive moderate rent growth.
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Change in Asking Rent
The average cap rate continued to decrease, reflecting improved operating conditions and higher asset values. Since the peak following the recent recession, the average cap rate for most real estate sectors decreased substantially, with the cap rate compression contributing to strong real estate investment returns in recent years. We believe that the combination of positive operating conditions and low cap rates reflecting a high level of investment activity may be indicative of the attractiveness of investment in commercial real estate debt.
Cap Rates
The improving commercial real estate investment volume combined with strengthened operating conditions have positively impacted commercial real estate investment returns. By the second quarter of 2016, the National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries, or NCREIF, property index increased by 10.6% year-over-year. From 2010 through 2015, the NCREIF index returns averaged 12.3% per year. We currently expect that favorable commercial real estate returns will continue to drive commercial real estate investment, leading to strong demand for debt capital, although there can be no assurance that this will be the case.
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NCREIF Index Returns
Net Lease Real Estate
Net lease real estate is a uniquely structured investment that minimizes involvement by the property owner for typical property management responsibilities. In net leased properties, tenants typically assume the majority or all of the expense of property taxes, insurance, maintenance, sometimes including capital expenditures, and utilities, in addition to paying rent. For mission critical and other corporate locations, typical net leases can have initial terms of ten years, and sometimes longer, with multiple options to extend the lease. Comparatively, multitenant commercial real estate properties under gross leases often have average lease terms between five and ten years with shorter or fewer options to extend. The long-term leases in net lease assets can eliminate or minimize costs associated with re-tenanting a property. The lengthy lease terms combined with rent structure can provide a stable net income to an owner and minimize the effects of inflation on operating expenses and economic downturns on property investments, but there can be no assurance that this will be the case.
Beyond the minimal operating expenses and potential for stable income stream, net lease real estate occupied by credit tenants is similar to a corporate bond. The tenant rent payments are contractually established in the lease, including escalations during the initial term and/or during subsequent renewal periods. The net lease real estate investor may also be better able to assess the risk of a particular tenant through a corporate credit history or rating, similar to the process in which a corporate bond investor may be able to assess the creditworthiness of the issuer. However, unlike a bond, should a tenant enter bankruptcy, the tenant may continue to pay rent during the corporate restructuring process whereas it may default on debt obligations. Furthermore, if the tenant relocates or permanently goes out of business, the real estate asset holds some value, and possibly a substantial value depending upon the location and quality of the property. Finally, the tax benefits currently afforded real estate investors flows through to the owner of the property, and not the tenant, which further benefits the owner of net lease real estate.
Size of the Net Lease Market
Ownership of net lease real estate remains fragmented and the size of the market is constantly evolving. The universe of net lease properties changes as owner/occupiers sell or buy buildings and occupiers lease space. While the exact size of the net lease market is difficult to determine, as a proxy for the potential size of the net lease market, RCG estimates that real estate owned by corporate owner/occupiers ranges in value between $1.5 trillion and more than $2.0 trillion. Additionally, as corporate occupiers open new locations, including retail storefronts, distribution centers and corporate offices, the pool of net lease properties can expand. Highlighting this expansionary trend, in the most recent fiscal years, respectively, national pharmacies opened approximately 300 new stores, national auto parts retailers opened more than 500 locations, and national dollar stores opened nearly 1,300 new stores, each potentially increasing the pool of investable net lease properties. The large amount of property owned and occupied by corporate tenants, combined with the ability for these firms to monetize real assets to fund business operations, may indicate that there is a substantial investable pool of net lease properties.
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Access to debt capital for corporate entities vary based on fluctuations in financial market activity. Following the recent recession, corporate access to debt was severely limited and corporate bond issuance fell by nearly two-thirds in 2008 from the prior three-year average, and remains 36% lower than the pre-recession peak. While some of the limitations on corporate financing have eased, access to capital may still be limited for some firms and a large share of companies continue to monetize owned real estate assets through sale-leaseback transactions. Even as interest rates are low currently, the regulatory environment for commercial bank lending and somewhat restrictive conditions for other forms of corporate finance may persist. These financing constraints for businesses should drive more firms to conduct sale-leasebacks of mission critical facilities. As these firms monetize assets, the investable universe of net lease real estate may continue to expand, although there can be no assurance that this will be the case.
Corporate Bond Issuance
The contractual in-place rents of net lease real estate typically provide greater stability of rental income than multitenant real estate investments. During the recent recession, the average rent in net lease properties performed better than other real estate sectors, reflecting the potential stability provided by net lease real estate investments.
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The unique characteristics of net lease real estate, namely the fixed rental income, extended lease terms and minimal property management requirements, may allow investors to minimize volatility and vacancy risk associated with other commercial real estate investments. The stability, when combined with high quality assets occupied by headquarters or mission critical locations of credit quality tenants, can lead to attractive real estate investments through market cycles.
Similar to the difficulties in assessing the absolute size of the investable universe of net lease real estate, it is difficult to assess the aggregate volume of investment in net lease real estate assets. As a proxy, transaction volume of properties occupied by a single tenant can be a useful indicator of activity as a large share of these properties are net lease assets. In the first half of 2016, single tenant transaction volume reached nearly $22 billion. In the last two years, activity totaled more than $103.3 billion. The income stability combined with expected appreciation of underlying asset values continued to drive a high level of investment in the net lease real estate segment.
Single Tenant Transaction Volume
Relative to sovereign and corporate bond yields, the spread to single tenant cap rates remained relatively high even as the average cap rate fell in recent years. In the most recent months the spread to bond yields widened greater than the long-term average as bond yields fell. By July 2016, the single tenant cap rate spread to the 10-year Treasury yield widened to 486 basis points, compared to the long-term average since 2001 of 407 basis points. Similarly, the cap rate spread to BBB corporate bond yields increased to 248 basis points, wider than the average since 2001 of 172 basis points. As single tenant cap rates are indicative of trends in the net lease segment, we believe that net lease properties may provide opportunities for more stable income than some corporate bonds while priced at higher spreads.
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Single Tenant Cap Rate Spread to 10-Year Treasury Bond
Single Tenant Cap Rate Spread to BBB Corporate Bond
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NET ASSET VALUE CALCULATION AND VALUATION PROCEDURES
Valuation Procedures
Our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, has adopted valuation procedures that contain a comprehensive set of methodologies to be used in connection with the calculation of our NAV. The overarching principle of these procedures is to produce an NAV that represents a fair and accurate estimate of the value of our assets or the price that would be received for our assets in an arms-length transaction between market participants, less our liabilities. As a public company, we are required to issue financial statements generally based on historical cost in accordance with GAAP. To calculate our NAV for the purpose of establishing a purchase and redemption price for our shares, we have adopted a model, as explained below, which adjusts the value of certain of our assets from historical cost to fair value. As a result, our NAV may differ from our financial statements. When the fair value of our assets is calculated for the purposes of determining our NAV per share, the calculation is done using the fair value methodologies detailed within the FASB Accounting Standards Codification under Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. However, our valuation procedures and our NAV are not subject to GAAP and will not be subject to independent audit. Our NAV may differ from equity reflected on our audited financial statements, even if we are required to adopt a fair value basis of accounting for GAAP financial statement purposes in the future. In addition, NAV is not a measure used under GAAP and the valuations of and certain adjustments made to our assets and liabilities used in the determination of NAV will differ from GAAP. You should not consider NAV to be equivalent to stockholders equity or any other GAAP measure. We believe our NAV calculation methodologies are consistent with standard industry practices and have been designed to be in accord with the recommendations of the Investment Program Association, a trade association for non-listed direct investment vehicles (the IPA), in the IPA Practice Guideline 2013-1, Valuations of Publicly Registered Non-Listed REITs, which was adopted by the IPA effective May 1, 2013, although other public REITs may use different methodologies or assumptions to determine NAV.
Independent Valuation Firm
With the approval of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, we will engage the Independent Valuation Firm to serve as our independent valuation firm with respect to the quarterly valuation of our assets and liabilities and the calculation of our NAV. The compensation we pay to the Independent Valuation Firm will not be based on the results of their calculation of NAV. Our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, may replace the Independent Valuation Firm or retain another third-party firm to calculate the NAV for each of our share classes, if it is deemed appropriate to do so. We will promptly disclose any changes to the identity or role of the Independent Valuation Firm in this prospectus and in reports we publicly file with the SEC. While our Independent Valuation Firm is responsible for reviewing our property valuations and assisting with the NAV calculation, our Independent Valuation Firm is not responsible for the determination of our NAV. Our board of directors is ultimately responsible for the final determination of our NAV.
The Independent Valuation Firm will discharge its responsibilities in accordance with our valuation procedures described below and under the oversight of our board of directors. Our board of directors will not be involved in the day to day valuation of our assets and liabilities, but will periodically receive and review such information about the valuation of our assets and liabilities as it deems necessary to exercise its oversight responsibility.
Our Independent Valuation Firm and its affiliates may from time to time in the future perform other commercial real estate and financial advisory services for our advisor and its related parties, or in transactions related to the properties that are the subjects of the valuations being performed for us, or otherwise, so long as such other services do not adversely affect the independence of the applicable appraiser as certified in the applicable appraisal report.
Real Property Portfolio Valuation
Quarterly Valuation Process
The real property portfolio valuation, which will be the largest component of our NAV calculation, will be provided to us by the Independent Valuation Firm on a quarterly basis. The foundation for this valuation will be periodic appraisals, as discussed further below. However, on a quarterly basis, the Independent Valuation Firm will adjust a real propertys valuation, as necessary, based on known events that have a material impact on the most recent value (adjustments for non-material events may also be made). For example, an unexpected termination or renewal of a material lease, a material change in vacancies, an unanticipated structural or environmental event at a property or material capital market events, among others, may cause the value of a property to change materially. Using information derived from a propertys most recent appraisal, the Independent Valuation Firm will determine the appropriate adjustment to be made to the estimated value of the property based on the material event and changes to underlying property fundamentals. The Independent Valuation Firm will collect all reasonably available material information that it deems relevant in valuing our real estate portfolio. The Independent Valuation Firm will rely in part on property-level information provided by the advisor, including (i) historical and projected operating revenues and expenses of the property; (ii) lease agreements on the property; and (iii) information regarding recent or planned capital expenditures. Upon becoming aware of the occurrence of a material event impacting property-level information, the advisor will promptly notify the Independent Valuation Firm. Any adjustment to the valuation of a property will be performed as soon as possible after a determination that a material change with respect to such property has occurred and the financial effects of such change are quantifiable by the Independent Valuation Firm. However, rapidly changing market conditions or material
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events may not be immediately reflected in our quarterly NAV. The resulting potential disparity in our NAV may inure to the benefit of redeeming stockholders or non-redeeming stockholders and new purchasers of our common stock, depending on whether our published NAV per share for such class is higher or lower than the adjusted value of our NAV after material events have been considered. Any such quarterly adjustments will be estimates of the market impact of material events to the appraised value of the property, based on assumptions and judgments that may or may not prove to be correct, and may also be based on limited information readily available at that time. As part of the oversight by our board of directors, on a periodic basis the Independent Valuation Firm will provide our board of directors with reports on its valuation activity.
We expect the primary methodology used to value properties will be the income approach, whereby value is derived by determining the present value of an assets stream of future cash flows (for example, discounted cash flow analysis). Consistent with industry practices, the income approach incorporates subjective judgments regarding comparable rental and operating expense data, the capitalization or discount rate, and projections of future rent and expenses based on appropriate evidence. Other methodologies that may also be used to value properties include sales comparisons and replacement cost approaches. Because the property valuations will involve significant professional judgment in the application of both observable and unobservable attributes, the calculated value of our real property assets may differ from their actual realizable value or future appraised value. Because the valuations performed by the Independent Valuation Firm involve subjective judgments and do not reflect transaction costs associated with property dispositions, our quarterly real estate portfolio valuation may not reflect the liquidation value or net realizable value of our properties.
Each individual appraisal report for our assets (discussed further below) will be addressed solely to our company to assist the Independent Valuation Firm in providing our quarterly real property portfolio valuation. Our Independent Valuation Firms valuation reports will not be addressed to the public and may not be relied upon by any other person to establish an estimated value of our common stock and will not constitute a recommendation to any person to purchase or sell any shares of our common stock. In preparing its valuation reports, our Independent Valuation Firm will not solicit third-party indications of interest for our common stock in connection with possible purchases thereof or the acquisition of all or any part of our company.
In conducting its investigation and analyses, our Independent Valuation Firm will take into account customary and accepted financial and commercial procedures and considerations as it deems relevant, which may include, without limitation, the review of documents, materials and information relevant to valuing the property that are provided by us or our advisor. Although our Independent Valuation Firm may review information supplied or otherwise made available by us or our advisor for reasonableness, it will assume and rely upon the accuracy and completeness of all such information and of all information supplied or otherwise made available to it by any other party and will not undertake any duty or responsibility to verify independently any of such information. With respect to operating or financial forecasts and other information and data to be provided to or otherwise to be reviewed by or discussed with our Independent Valuation Firm, our Independent Valuation Firm will assume that such forecasts and other information and data were reasonably prepared in good faith on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments of our management, board of directors and our advisor, and will rely upon us to advise our Independent Valuation Firm promptly if any material information previously provided becomes inaccurate or was required to be updated during the period of its review.
In performing its analyses, our Independent Valuation Firm will make numerous other assumptions with respect to industry performance, general business, economic and regulatory conditions and other matters, many of which are beyond its control and our control, as well as certain factual matters. For example, unless specifically informed to the contrary, our Independent Valuation Firm will assume that we have clear and marketable title to each real estate property valued, that no title defects exist, that improvements were made in accordance with law, that no hazardous materials are present or were present previously, that no deed restrictions exist, and that no changes to zoning ordinances or regulations governing use, density or shape are pending or being considered. Furthermore, our Independent Valuation Firms analysis, opinions and conclusions will necessarily be based upon market, economic, financial and other circumstances and conditions existing at or prior to the valuation, and any material change in such circumstances and conditions may affect our Independent Valuation Firms analysis and conclusions. Our Independent Valuation Firms appraisal reports may contain other assumptions, qualifications and limitations set forth in the respective appraisal reports that qualify the analysis, opinions and conclusions set forth therein.
The analyses to be performed by our Independent Valuation Firm will not address the market value of our common stock. Furthermore, the prices at which our real estate properties may actually be sold could differ from our Independent Valuation Firms analyses. Consequently, the analyses contained in our Independent Valuation Firms individual valuation reports should not be viewed as being determinative of the value of our common stock.
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Property Appraisals
Periodic real property appraisals will serve as the foundation of the Independent Valuation Firms quarterly real property portfolio valuation. Our real properties consolidated under GAAP will be appraised approximately once every 12 calendar months, and in no event will more than 12 full calendar months pass between appraisals of our real properties consolidated under GAAP. In order to provide for an efficient and orderly appraisal process, we will seek to have approximately 1/4th of the portfolio appraised each quarter, although we may have more or less appraised in a quarter. The acquisition price of newly acquired properties will serve as our appraised value and thereafter will be part of the appraisal cycle described above such that they are appraised no more than 12 full calendar months after acquisition.
Appraisals will be performed in accordance with the Code of Ethics and the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practices, or USPAP, the real estate appraisal industry standards created by The Appraisal Foundation. Each appraisal must be reviewed, approved and signed by an individual with the professional designation of MAI (Member of the Appraisal Institute). The Independent Valuation Firm will be involved with the appraisal process, but we currently expect to engage other independent valuation firms (Appraisal Firms) to provide appraisals for our properties. Appraisal Firms will be chosen from a list of firms pre-approved by our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, based on their qualifications. The Independent Valuation Firm will confirm the reasonableness of the appraisal before reflecting any valuation change in its quarterly valuation of our real property portfolio. Real estate appraisals will be reported on a free-and-clear basis (for example no mortgage), irrespective of any property-level financing that may be in place.
Portfolio Assets, Joint Ventures and Developments
Properties purchased or operated as a portfolio or held in a joint venture that acquires properties over time may be valued as a single asset, which may result in a different value than if they were valued as individual assets. Investments in joint ventures that hold properties will be valued by the Independent Valuation Firm in a manner that is consistent with the procedures described above and approved by our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, with the agreed approach taking into account the size of our investment in the joint venture, the assets owned by the joint venture, the terms of the joint venture including any promotional interests, minority discount and control, if applicable, and other relevant factors. Development assets, if any, will be valued at cost plus capital expenditures and will join the appraisal cycle upon the earlier of stabilization or 24 months from substantial completion.
Valuation of Real Estate-Related Assets
Real estate-related assets that we own or may acquire include, among other things, debt and equity interests backed principally by real estate, such as preferred equity, mezzanine loans and real estate-related securities, including CMBS or structured notes that are collateralized by pools of real estate debt investments, REIT debt, REIT preferred stock, REIT common shares or equity interests in private companies that own real estate assets. In general, the value of real estate-related assets will be determined in accordance with GAAP and adjusted upon the occurrence of a material event, or in the case of liquid securities, quarterly, as applicable, thereafter, according to the procedures specified below. Pursuant to our valuation procedures, our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, will approve the pricing sources of our real estate-related assets. In general, these sources will be third parties other than our advisor. However, we may utilize the advisor as a pricing source if the asset is immaterial or there are no other pricing sources reasonably available, and provided that our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, must approve the initial valuation performed by our advisor and any subsequent significant adjustments made by our advisor. The third-party pricing source may, under certain circumstances, be our Independent Valuation Firm, subject to their acceptance of the additional engagement.
Preferred Equity and Mezzanine Loans
Individual investments in preferred equity and mezzanine loans will generally be included in our determination of NAV at an amount determined in accordance with GAAP and adjusted as necessary to reflect impairments.
Private Real Estate-Related Assets
Investments in privately placed debt instruments and securities of real estate-related operating businesses (other than joint ventures), such as real estate development or management companies, will be valued at cost and thereafter will be revalued as determined in good faith by the pricing source. In evaluating the value of our interests in certain commingled investment vehicles (such as private real estate funds), values periodically assigned to such interests by the respective issuers or broker-dealers may be relied upon.
Publicly Traded Real Estate-Related Assets
Publicly traded debt and equity real estate-related securities (such as REIT bonds) that are not restricted as to salability or transferability will be valued quarterly on the basis of publicly available information. Generally, to the extent the
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information is available, such securities will be valued at the last trade of such securities that was executed at or prior to closing on the valuation day or, in the absence of such trade, the last bid price. The value of publicly traded debt and equity real estate-related securities that are restricted as to salability or transferability may be adjusted by the pricing source for a liquidity discount. In determining the amount of such discount, consideration will be given to the nature and length of such restriction and the relative volatility of the market price of the security.
Valuation of Liquid Non-Real Estate-Related Assets
Liquid non-real estate-related assets include credit rated government and corporate debt securities, publicly traded equity securities and cash and cash equivalents. Liquid non-real estate-related assets will be valued quarterly on the basis of publicly available information.
Valuation of Real Estate-Related Liabilities
Our real estate-related liabilities consist of financing for our portfolio of assets. These liabilities will generally be included in our determination of NAV in accordance with GAAP, however if the loan amount exceeds the value of the underlying real property and the loan is otherwise a non-recourse loan, we will assume a value of zero for purposes of the real property and the loan in the determination of our NAV. Related costs and expenses will be amortized over the life of the loan. We will allocate the financing costs and expenses incurred with obtaining multiple loans that are not directly related to any single loan among the applicable loans, generally pro rata based on the amount of proceeds from each loan.
NAV and NAV Per Share Calculation
We are offering to the public three classes of shares of our common stock: Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares. Our NAV will be calculated for each of these classes by the Independent Valuation Firm. Our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, may replace the Independent Valuation Firm with another third party or retain another third-party firm to calculate the NAV for each of our share classes, if it is deemed appropriate to do so. The advisor is responsible for reviewing and confirming our NAV, and overseeing the process around the calculation of our NAV, in each case, as performed by the third-party firm.
Each class will have an undivided interest in our assets and liabilities, other than class-specific distribution fees. In accordance with the valuation guidelines, the Independent Valuation Firm will calculate our NAV per share for each class as of the last business day of each quarter commencing with the first quarter during which the minimum offering requirement is satisfied, using a process that reflects several components (each as described above), including the estimated fair value of (1) each of our properties based in part upon individual appraisal reports provided periodically by Appraisal Firms and reviewed by our Independent Valuation Firm, as finally determined and updated quarterly by our advisor, with review and confirmation for reasonableness by our Independent Valuation Firm, (2) our other real estate-related assets and (3) our other assets and liabilities, including accruals of our operating revenues and expenses. The contingent reimbursement of sponsor support will not be recorded as a liability until such time as it becomes an obligation that can be reasonably estimated and that the likelihood of any such reimbursement payment is probable. Because distribution fees allocable to a specific class of shares will only be included in the NAV calculation for Class T Shares, the NAV per share for Class T Shares may differ from Class A Shares and Class I Shares.
Prior to the commencement of valuations, NAV for each class of shares will be equal to the net proceeds received by us from purchases of shares during the period before the minimum offering requirement is satisfied in each respective class, less our liabilities. Thereafter, commencing with the first quarter during which the minimum offering requirement is satisfied, at the end of each quarter, before taking into consideration additional issuances of shares of capital stock, repurchases or class-specific expense accruals for that quarter, any change in our aggregate NAV (whether an increase or decrease) will be allocated among each class of shares based on each classs relative percentage of the previous aggregate NAV. The NAV calculation will be available generally within 45 calendar days after the end of the applicable quarter. Changes in our quarterly NAV will include, without limitation, accruals of our net portfolio income, interest expense, the asset management fee, distributions, unrealized/realized gains and losses on assets, any applicable organization and offering costs and any expense reimbursements. The net portfolio income will be calculated and accrued on the basis of data extracted from (1) the quarterly budget for each property and at the Operating Partnership level, (2) material non-recurring events, including, but not limited to, capital expenditures, prepayment penalties, assumption fees, tenant buyouts, lease termination fees and tenant turnover with respect to our properties when our advisor becomes aware of such events and the relevant information is available and (3) material property acquisitions and dispositions occurring during the quarter. On an ongoing basis, our advisor will adjust the accruals to reflect actual operating results and the outstanding receivable, payable and other account balances resulting from the accumulation of quarterly accruals for which financial information is available.
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Our advisor has agreed to advance all of our organization and offering expenses on our behalf (other than selling commissions, dealer manager fees and distribution fees) through the first anniversary of the date on which the minimum offering requirement is satisfied. We will reimburse our advisor for such costs ratably over the 36 months following the first anniversary of the date on which we satisfy the minimum offering requirement; provided that we will not be obligated to pay any amounts that as a result of such payment would cause the aggregate payments for organization and offering costs paid by the advisor to exceed 1% of gross offering proceeds as of such payment date. For purposes of calculating our NAV, the organization and offering costs paid by our advisor through the first anniversary of the date on which we satisfy the minimum offering will not be recognized in our financial statements until the reimbursement obligation is established or reflected in our NAV until we reimburse the advisor for these costs.
Following the aggregation of the net asset values of our investments, the addition of any other assets (such as cash on hand), the deduction of any other liabilities and the allocation of income and expenses, the third-party firm assisting with NAV calculation will incorporate any class-specific adjustments to our NAV, including additional issuances and repurchases of our common stock and accruals of class-specific distribution fees. At the close of business on the date that is one business day after each record date for any declared distribution, which we refer to as the distribution adjustment date, our NAV for each class will be reduced to reflect the accrual of our liability to pay any distribution to our stockholders of record of each class as of the record date. NAV per share for each class is calculated by dividing such classs NAV at the end of each quarter by the number of shares outstanding for that class at the end of such quarter.
Oversight by our Board of Directors
All parties engaged by us in the calculation of our NAV, including the advisor, will be subject to the oversight of our board of directors. As part of this process, our advisor will review the estimates of the values of our real property portfolio and real estate-related assets for consistency with our valuation guidelines and the overall reasonableness of the valuation conclusions, and inform our board of directors of its conclusions. Although our Independent Valuation Firm or other pricing sources may consider any comments received from us or our advisor to their individual valuations, the final estimated values of our assets and liabilities will be determined by the Independent Valuation Firm.
Our Independent Valuation Firm will be available to meet with our board of directors to review valuation information, as well as our valuation guidelines and the operation and results of the valuation process generally. Our board of directors will have the right to engage additional valuation firms and pricing sources to review the valuation process or valuations, if deemed appropriate.
Review of and Changes to Our Valuation Procedures
Each year our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, will review the appropriateness of our valuation procedures. With respect to the valuation of our properties, the Independent Valuation Firm will provide the board of directors with periodic valuation reports. From time to time our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, may adopt changes to the valuation procedures if it (1) determines that such changes are likely to result in a more accurate reflection of NAV or a more efficient or less costly procedure for the determination of NAV without having a material adverse effect on the accuracy of such determination or (2) otherwise reasonably believes a change is appropriate for the determination of NAV. We will publicly announce material changes to our valuation procedures or the identity or role of the Independent Valuation Firm.
Limitations on the Calculation of NAV
The overarching principle of our NAV calculation procedures is to produce a NAV that represents a fair and accurate estimate of the value of our assets or the price that would be received for our assets in an arms-length transaction between market participants, less our liabilities. However, the largest component of our NAV consists of real property investments and, as with any real estate valuation protocol, each property valuation will be based on a number of judgments, assumptions or opinions about future events that may or may not prove to be correct. The use of different judgments, assumptions or opinions would likely result in a different estimate of the value of our real property investments. Although the methodologies contained in the valuation procedures will be designed to operate reliably within a wide variety of circumstances, it is possible that in certain unanticipated situations or after the occurrence of certain extraordinary events (such as a terrorist attack or an act of nature), our ability to implement and coordinate our NAV procedures may be impaired or delayed, including in circumstances where there is a delay in accessing or receiving information from vendors or other reporting agents. Our board of directors may suspend the offering and the redemption program if it determines that the calculation of NAV may be materially incorrect or there is a condition that restricts the valuation of a material portion of our assets.
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Determination of Offering Prices
Until we commence quarterly valuations of our assets, we will sell our shares on a continuous basis at a price of $26.32 per Class A Share, $25.52 per Class T Share and $25.00 per Class I Share. Thereafter, our board of directors will adjust the offering prices of each class of shares such that the purchase price per share for each class will generally equal the NAV per share as of the most recent valuation date, as determined on a quarterly basis, plus applicable upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees, less applicable sponsor support. We may offer shares at a price that we believe reflects the NAV per share of such stock more appropriately than the prior quarters NAV per share in cases where we believe there has been a material change (positive or negative) to our NAV per share since the end of the prior quarter. We expect that we will ordinarily publish any adjustment to the NAV and the corresponding adjustments to the offering prices of our shares on or around the 45 th day following each completed fiscal quarter. The new offering price for each share class will become effective five business days after such share price is disclosed by us. Our investors who have not received notification of acceptance of their subscription agreements prior to our publication of the new offering prices may withdraw their purchase request during the five business day period immediately prior to the effectiveness of the new purchase price by notifying the transfer agent, through their financial intermediary or directly on our toll-free, automated telephone line, 855-9-CANTOR. The purchase price per share to be paid by each investor will be equal to the price that is in effect on the date that his or her completed subscription agreement has been accepted by our dealer manager.
General
We are a newly organized Maryland corporation that intends to qualify as a REIT beginning with the taxable year that will end December 31, 2017. We are a commercial real estate company formed to invest in and manage a diversified portfolio of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets. We intend to invest primarily in the acquisition of single-tenant net leased commercial properties located in the United States, United Kingdom and other European countries. We may also originate and invest in loans related to net leased commercial properties and invest in commercial real estate related securities.
As of the date of this prospectus, we have not commenced operations nor have we identified any investments in which there is a reasonable probability that we will invest.
Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC is our advisor. Our advisor will manage our day-to-day operations and our portfolio of investments. Our advisor also has the authority to make all of the decisions regarding our investments, subject to any limitations in our charter and the direction and oversight of our board of directors. Our advisor will also provide asset-management, marketing, investor-relations and other administrative services on our behalf.
We intend to make an election to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, beginning with the taxable year ending December 31, 2017. If we qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent we distribute qualifying dividends to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year after electing REIT status, we will be subject to federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for four years following the year in which our qualification is denied. Such an event could materially and adversely affect our net income and cash available for distribution. However, we believe that we will be organized and will operate in a manner that will enable us to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes beginning with our taxable year ending December 31, 2017, and we intend to continue to operate so as to remain qualified as a REIT for federal income tax purposes thereafter.
Competitive Market Factors
We face competition for the acquisition of commercial properties and real estate-related assets from insurance companies, credit companies, pension funds, private individuals, investment companies and other REITs. We also face competition from institutions that provide or arrange for other types of commercial financing through private or public offerings of equity or debt or traditional bank financings. These institutions may accept greater risk or lower returns, allowing them to offer more attractive terms to prospective tenants. In addition, our advisors evaluation of the acceptability of rates of return on our behalf will be affected by our relative cost of capital. Thus, to the extent our fee structure and cost of fundraising is higher than our competitors, we may be limited in the amount of new acquisitions we are able to make.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We are dependent upon the net proceeds from this offering to conduct our proposed operations. We will obtain the capital required to purchase real estate and real estate-related investments and conduct our operations from the proceeds of this offering and any future offerings we may conduct, from secured or unsecured financings from banks and other lenders and from any undistributed funds from our operations. As of the date of this prospectus, we have not made any investments and we have very limited assets. For information regarding the anticipated use of proceeds from this offering, see Estimated Use of Proceeds.
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If we are unable to raise substantial funds in the offering, we will make fewer investments resulting in less diversification in terms of the type, number and size of investments we make and the value of an investment in us will fluctuate with the performance of the specific assets we acquire. Further, we will have certain fixed operating expenses, including certain expenses as a REIT, regardless of whether we are able to raise substantial funds in this offering. Our inability to raise substantial funds would increase our fixed operating expenses as a percentage of gross income, reducing our net income and limiting our ability to make distributions.
We currently have no outstanding debt. Once we have fully invested the proceeds of this offering, we expect that our debt financing and other liabilities will be approximately 50% of the cost of our tangible assets (before deducting depreciation or other non-cash reserves), although it may exceed this level during our offering stage. Our charter limits us from incurring debt if our borrowings would exceed 75% of the cost of our tangible assets (before deducting depreciation or other non-cash reserves), though we may exceed this limit under certain circumstances.
In addition to making investments in accordance with our investment objectives, we expect to use our capital resources to make certain payments to our advisor and the dealer manager. During our organization and offering stage, these payments will include payments to the dealer manager for selling commissions and the dealer manager fees and payments to the dealer manager and our advisor for reimbursement of certain organization and offering expenses. The total organization and offering expenses, including selling commissions, our dealer manager fees and reimbursement of other organization and offering expenses, will not exceed 15% of the gross proceeds of this offering, including proceeds from sales of shares under our distribution reinvestment plan. During our acquisition and development stage, we expect to make payments to our advisor in connection with the management of our assets and costs incurred by our advisor in providing services to us. For a discussion of the compensation to be paid to our advisor and the dealer manager, see Management Compensation. The advisory agreement has a one-year term but may be renewed for an unlimited number of successive one-year periods upon the mutual consent of our advisor and our audit committee.
We intend to elect to be taxed as a REIT and to operate as a REIT beginning with our taxable year ending December 31, 2017. To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we will be required to make aggregate annual distributions to our stockholders of at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding net capital gain). Our board of directors may authorize distributions in excess of those required for us to maintain REIT status depending on our financial condition and such other factors as our board of directors deems relevant. We have not established a minimum distribution level.
Emerging Growth Company
We are and we will remain an emerging growth company, as defined in the JOBS Act, until the earliest to occur of (i) the last day of the fiscal year during which our total annual gross revenues equal or exceed $1 billion (subject to adjustment for inflation); (ii) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our initial public offering; (iii) the date on which we have, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt; or (iv) the date on which we are deemed a large accelerated filer under the Exchange Act. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. Additionally, we are eligible to take advantage of certain other exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We have chosen to opt out of that extended transition period and as a result we will comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for non-emerging growth companies. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that our decision to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards is irrevocable. Otherwise, we have not yet made a decision whether to take advantage of any or all of the exemptions available to us under the JOBS Act.
Results of Operations
We were formed on February 2, 2016 and, as of the date of this prospectus, we have not commenced active real estate operations. We are a commercial real estate company formed to invest in and manage a diversified portfolio of income-producing commercial properties and other real estate-related assets. We intend to invest primarily in the acquisition of single-tenant net leased commercial properties located in the United States, United Kingdom and other European countries. We may also originate and invest in loans related to net leased commercial properties and invest in commercial real estate related securities.
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Critical Accounting Policies
Below is a discussion of the accounting policies that management believes will be critical once we commence operations in that they involve significant management judgments and assumptions, require estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain and because they are important for understanding and evaluating our reported financial results.
Principles of Consolidation
Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of us, our operating partnership and our consolidated subsidiaries. We consolidate variable interest entities, or VIEs, where we are the primary beneficiary and voting interest entities which are generally majority owned or otherwise controlled by us. All significant intercompany balances are eliminated in consolidation.
Variable Interest Entities
A VIE is an entity that lacks one or more of the characteristics of a voting interest entity. A VIE is defined as an entity in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. The determination of whether an entity is a VIE includes both a qualitative and quantitative analysis. We base the qualitative analysis on our review of the design of the entity, its organizational structure including decision-making ability and relevant financial agreements and the quantitative analysis on the forecasted cash flow of the entity. We reassess the initial evaluation of an entity as a VIE upon the occurrence of certain reconsideration events. A VIE must be consolidated only by its primary beneficiary, which is defined as the party who, along with its affiliates and agents has both the: (i) power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIEs economic performance; and (ii) obligation to absorb the losses of the VIE or the right to receive the benefits from the VIE, which could be significant to the VIE. We determine whether we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE by considering qualitative and quantitative factors, including, but not limited to: which activities most significantly impact the VIEs economic performance and which party controls such activities; the amount and characteristics of its investment; the obligation or likelihood for us or other interests to provide financial support; consideration of the VIEs purpose and design, including the risks the VIE was designed to create and pass through to its variable interest holders and the similarity with and significance to our business activities and the other interests. We reassess the determination of whether we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE each reporting period. Significant judgments related to these determinations include estimates about the current and future fair value and performance of investments held by these VIEs and general market conditions.
Voting Interest Entities
A voting interest entity is an entity in which the total equity investment at risk is sufficient to enable it to finance its activities independently and the equity holders have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact its economic performance, the obligation to absorb the losses of the entity and the right to receive the residual returns of the entity. The usual condition for a controlling financial interest in a voting interest entity is ownership of a majority voting interest. If we have a majority voting interest in a voting interest entity, the entity will generally be consolidated. We do not consolidate a voting interest entity if there are substantive participating rights by other parties and/or kick-out rights by a single party.
We perform on-going reassessments of whether entities previously evaluated under the voting interest framework have become VIEs, based on certain events, and therefore subject to the VIE consolidation framework.
Accounting for Investments
Operating Real Estate
Operating real estate is carried at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. We follow the purchase method for an acquisition of operating real estate, where the purchase price is allocated to tangible assets such as land, building, tenant and land improvements and other identified intangibles. Major replacements and betterments which improve or extend the life of the asset are capitalized and depreciated over their useful life. Ordinary repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Operating real estate is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Costs directly related to an acquisition deemed to be a business combination are expensed in earnings.
Real Estate Debt Investments
Real Estate debt investments are generally intended to be held to maturity and, accordingly, are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan fees, premium, discount and unfunded commitments. Real Estate debt investments that are deemed to be impaired are carried at amortized cost less a loan loss reserve, if deemed appropriate. Real Estate debt investments where we do not have the intent to hold the loan for the foreseeable future or until its expected payoff are classified as held for sale and recorded at the lower of cost or estimated value.
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Real Estate Securities
We classify our real estate securities investments as available for sale on the acquisition date, which are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains (losses) are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income, or OCI. However, we may elect the fair value option for certain of our available for sale securities, and as a result, any unrealized gains (losses) on such securities are recorded in earnings.
Investments in Unconsolidated Ventures
Non-controlling, unconsolidated ownership interests in an entity may be accounted for using the equity method, at fair value or the cost method.
Under the equity method, the investment is adjusted each period for capital contributions and distributions and its share of the entitys net income (loss). Capital contributions, distributions and net income (loss) of such entities are recorded in accordance with the terms of the governing documents. An allocation of net income (loss) may differ from the stated ownership percentage interest in such entity as a result of preferred returns and allocation formulas, if any, as described in such governing documents. Equity method investments are recognized using a cost accumulation model in which the investment is recognized based on the cost to the investor, which includes acquisition fees. Acquisition fees incurred directly in connection with the investment in a joint venture are capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the underlying joint venture assets.
We may account for an investment in an unconsolidated entity at fair value by electing the fair value option. We record the change in fair value for our share of the projected future cash flow of such investments from one period to another in earnings. Any change in fair value attributed to market related assumptions is considered unrealized gain (loss).
We may account for an investment that does not qualify for equity method accounting or for which the fair value option was not elected using the cost method if we determine the investment is insignificant to the unconsolidated entity. Under the cost method, equity in earnings is recorded as dividends are received to the extent they are not considered a return of capital, which is recorded as a reduction of cost of the investment.
Fair Value Option
The fair value option provides an election that allows a company to irrevocably elect fair value for certain financial assets and liabilities on an instrument-by-instrument basis at initial recognition. We will generally not elect the fair value option for our assets and liabilities. However, we may elect to apply the fair value option for certain investments. Any change in fair value for assets and liabilities for which the election is made is recognized in earnings.
Fair Value Measurement
The fair value of financial instruments is categorized based on the priority of the inputs to the valuation technique and categorized into a three-level fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). If the inputs used to measure the financial instruments fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument. Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets are categorized based on the inputs to the valuation techniques as follows:
Level 1. | Quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market. | |
Level 2. |
Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on the following:
a) Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets.
b) Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in non-active markets.
c) Pricing models whose inputs are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. |
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d) Pricing models whose inputs are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. | ||
Level 3. | Prices or valuation techniques based on inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. |
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Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Management determines that prices are representative of fair value and assigns the appropriate level in the fair value hierarchy through a review of available data, including observable and unobservable inputs, recent transactions, as well as our knowledge and experience of the market.
Revenue Recognition
Operating Real Estate
Rental and other income from operating real estate is derived from leasing of space to various types of tenants. The leases are for fixed terms of varying length and generally provide for annual rentals and expense reimbursements to be paid in monthly installments. Rental income from leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective leases.
Real Estate Debt Investments
Interest income is recognized on an accrual basis and any related premium, discount, origination costs and fees are amortized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method. The amortization is reflected as an adjustment to interest income in earnings. The amortization of a premium or accretion of a discount is discontinued if such loan is reclassified to held for sale.
Credit Losses and Impairment on Investments
Operating Real Estate
Our real estate portfolio is reviewed on a periodic basis, to assess whether there are any indicators that the value of our operating real estate may be impaired or that its carrying value may not be recoverable. A propertys value is considered impaired if managements estimate of the aggregate expected future undiscounted cash flow generated by the property is less than the carrying value. In conducting this review, management considers U.S. macroeconomic factors, real estate sector conditions and asset specific and other factors. To the extent an impairment has occurred, the loss is measured as the excess of the carrying value of the property over the estimated fair value and recorded in impairment on operating real estate in our consolidated statements of operations. An allowance for a doubtful account for a tenant receivable is established based on a periodic review of aged receivables resulting from estimated losses due to the inability of tenants to make required rent and other payments contractually due. Additionally, we establish, on a current basis, an allowance for future tenant credit losses on unbilled rent receivable based on an evaluation of the collectability of such amounts.
Real Estate Debt Investments
Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will not be able to collect principal and interest amounts due according to the contractual terms. We assess the credit quality of the portfolio and adequacy of loan loss reserves on a periodic basis. Significant judgment of management is required in this analysis. We consider the estimated net recoverable value of the loan as well as other factors, including but not limited to the fair value of any collateral, the amount and the status of any senior debt, the quality and financial condition of the borrower and the competitive situation of the area where the underlying collateral is located. Because this determination is based on projections of future economic events, which are inherently subjective, the amount ultimately realized may differ materially from the carrying value as of the balance sheet date. If upon completion of the assessment, the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral is less than the net carrying value of the loan, a loan loss reserve is recorded with a corresponding charge to provision for loan losses. The loan loss reserve for each loan is maintained at a level that is determined to be adequate by management to absorb probable losses.
Income recognition is suspended for a loan at the earlier of the date at which payments become 90-days past due or when, in the opinion of management, a full recovery of income and principal becomes doubtful. When the ultimate collectability of the principal of an
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impaired loan is in doubt, all payments are applied to principal under the cost recovery method. When the ultimate collectability of the principal of an impaired loan is not in doubt, contractual interest is recorded as interest income when received, under the cash basis method until an accrual is resumed when the loan becomes contractually current and performance is demonstrated to be resumed. A loan is written off when it is no longer realizable and/or legally discharged.
Real Estate Securities
Real Estate securities for which the fair value option is elected are not evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment, or OTTI, as any change in fair value is recorded in earnings.
Real Estate securities for which the fair value option is not elected are evaluated for OTTI periodically. Impairment of a security is considered to be other-than-temporary when: (i) the holder has the intent to sell the impaired security; (ii) it is more likely than not the holder will be required to sell the security; or (iii) the holder does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost of the security. When a security has been deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired due to (i) or (ii), the security is written down to its fair value and an OTTI is recognized in earnings. In the case of (iii), the security is written down to its fair value and the amount of OTTI is then bifurcated into: (a) the amount related to expected credit losses; and (b) the amount related to fair value adjustments in excess of expected credit losses. The portion of OTTI related to expected credit losses is recognized in earnings. The remaining OTTI related to the valuation adjustment is recognized as a component of accumulated OCI. Once the OTTI is recorded, this becomes the new amortized cost basis, and the difference between the expected cash flows and the new amortized cost basis is accreted through interest income. Real Estate securities which are not high-credit quality are considered to have an OTTI if the security has an unrealized loss and there has been an adverse change in expected cash flow. The amount of OTTI is then bifurcated as discussed above.
Income Taxes
We expect to elect to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and intend to operate as such beginning with our taxable year ending December 31, 2017. We expect to have little or no taxable income prior to electing REIT status. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income to our stockholders (which is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP). As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent we distribute qualifying dividends to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants us relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially and adversely affect our net income and net cash available for distribution to stockholders. However, we intend to organize and operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT.
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FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our common stock. The law firm of Greenberg Traurig, LLP acting as our tax counsel will review this summary. For purposes of this section under the heading Federal Income Tax Considerations, references to Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., we, our and us mean only Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. and not its subsidiaries or other lower-tier entities, except as otherwise indicated. This summary is based upon the Internal Revenue Code, the regulations promulgated by the U.S. Treasury Department, rulings and other administrative pronouncements issued by the Internal Revenue Service, and judicial decisions, all as currently in effect, and all of which are subject to differing interpretations or to change, possibly with retroactive effect. No assurance can be given that the Internal Revenue Service would not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to any of the tax consequences described below. We have not sought and do not currently expect to seek an advance ruling from the Internal Revenue Service regarding any matter discussed in this prospectus. The summary is also based upon the assumption that we will operate Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliated entities in accordance with their applicable organizational documents. This summary is for general information only and does not purport to discuss all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be important to a particular investor in light of its investment or tax circumstances or to investors subject to special tax rules, such as:
| financial institutions; |
| insurance companies; |
| broker-dealers; |
| regulated investment companies; |
| partnerships and trusts; |
| persons who hold our stock on behalf of other persons as nominees; |
| persons who receive our stock through the exercise of employee stock options (if we ever have employees) or otherwise as compensation; |
| persons holding our stock as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion transaction, constructive ownership transaction, synthetic security or other integrated investment; |
| S corporations; |
and, except to the extent discussed below:
| tax-exempt organizations; and |
| foreign investors. |
This summary assumes that investors will hold their common stock as a capital asset, which generally means as property held for investment.
The federal income tax treatment of holders of our common stock depends in some instances on determinations of fact and interpretations of complex provisions of U.S. federal income tax law for which no clear precedent or authority may be available. In addition, the tax consequences to any particular stockholder of holding our common stock will depend on the stockholders particular tax circumstances. For example, a stockholder that is a partnership or trust that has issued an equity interest to certain types of tax-exempt organizations may be subject to a special entity-level tax if we make distributions attributable to excess inclusion income. See Taxation of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. Taxable Mortgage Pools and Excess Inclusion Income. A similar tax may be payable by persons who hold our stock as nominees on behalf of tax-exempt organizations. You are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the federal, state, local and foreign income and other tax consequences to you in light of your particular investment or tax circumstances of acquiring, holding, exchanging, or otherwise disposing of our common stock.
Taxation of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.
We expect to elect to be taxed as a REIT commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2017. We believe that we have been organized and expect to operate in such a manner as to qualify for taxation as a REIT.
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The law firm of Greenberg Traurig, LLP, acting as our tax counsel in connection with this offering, will render an opinion that we have been organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, and that our proposed method of operation will enable us to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT for our taxable year ending December 31, 2017. It must be emphasized that the opinion of Greenberg Traurig, LLP will be based on various assumptions relating to our organization and operation and conditioned upon fact-based representations and covenants made by our management regarding our organization, assets, and income, and the past, present and future conduct of our business operations. While we intend to operate so that we will qualify as a REIT, given the highly complex nature of the rules governing REITs, the ongoing importance of factual determinations, and the possibility of future changes in our circumstances, no assurance can be given by Greenberg Traurig, LLP or by us that we will qualify as a REIT for any particular year. The opinion will be expressed as of the date issued and will not cover subsequent periods. Counsel will have no obligation to advise us or our stockholders of any subsequent change in the matters stated, represented or assumed, or of any subsequent change in the applicable law. You should be aware that opinions of counsel are not binding on the Internal Revenue Service, and no assurance can be given that the Internal Revenue Service will not challenge the conclusions set forth in such opinions.
Qualification and taxation as a REIT depends on our ability to meet on a continuing basis, through actual operating results, distribution levels, and diversity of stock and asset ownership, various qualification requirements imposed upon REITs by the Internal Revenue Code, the compliance with which will not be reviewed by Greenberg Traurig, LLP. Our ability to qualify as a REIT also requires that we satisfy certain asset tests, some of which depend upon the fair market values of assets that we own directly or indirectly. Such values may not be susceptible to a precise determination. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the actual results of our operations for any taxable year will satisfy such requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT.
Taxation of REITs in General
As indicated above, our qualification and taxation as a REIT depends upon our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, various qualification requirements imposed upon REITs by the Internal Revenue Code. The material qualification requirements are summarized below under Requirements for QualificationGeneral. While we intend to operate so that we qualify as a REIT, no assurance can be given that the Internal Revenue Service will not challenge our qualification, or that we will be able to operate in accordance with the REIT requirements in the future. See Failure to Qualify.
Provided that we qualify as a REIT, generally we will be entitled to a deduction for distributions that we pay to our stockholders and therefore will not be subject to federal corporate income tax on our taxable income that is currently distributed to our stockholders. This treatment substantially eliminates the double taxation at the corporate and stockholder levels that generally results from investment in a corporation. In general, the income that we generate is taxed only at the stockholder level upon distribution to our stockholders.
Certain domestic stockholders that are individuals, trusts or estates are taxed on corporate distributions at a maximum rate of 20%. With limited exceptions, however, distributions from us or from other entities that are taxed as REITs are generally not eligible for this rate and will continue to be taxed at rates applicable to ordinary income. See Taxation of StockholdersTaxation of Taxable Domestic StockholdersDistributions.
Any net operating losses and other tax attributes generally do not pass through to our stockholders, subject to special rules for certain items such as the capital gains that we recognize. See Taxation of Stockholders.
If we qualify as a REIT, we will nonetheless be subject to federal tax in the following circumstances:
| We will be taxed at regular corporate rates on any undistributed taxable income, including undistributed net capital gains. |
| We may be subject to the alternative minimum tax on our items of tax preference, including any deductions of net operating losses. |
| If we have net income from prohibited transactions, which are, in general, sales or other dispositions of inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, other than foreclosure property, such income will be subject to a 100% tax. See Prohibited Transactions and Foreclosure Property below. |
| If we elect to treat property that we acquire in connection with a foreclosure of a mortgage loan or certain leasehold terminations as foreclosure property, we may thereby avoid the 100% tax on gain from a resale of that property (if the sale would otherwise constitute a prohibited transaction), but the income from the sale or operation of the property may be subject to corporate income tax at the highest applicable rate (currently 35%). |
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| If we derive excess inclusion income from an interest in certain mortgage loan securitization structures (i.e., a taxable mortgage pool or a residual interest in a real estate mortgage investment conduit, or REMIC), we could be subject to corporate level federal income tax at a 35% rate to the extent that such income is allocable to specified types of tax-exempt stockholders known as disqualified organizations that are not subject to unrelated business income tax. See Taxable Mortgage Pools and Excess Inclusion Income below. Disqualified organizations are any organization described in Section 860E (e)(5) of the Internal Revenue Code, including: (i) the United States; (ii) any state or political subdivision of the United States; (iii) any foreign government; and (iv) certain other organizations. |
| If we should fail to satisfy the 75% gross income test or the 95% gross income test, as discussed below, but nonetheless maintain our qualification as a REIT because we satisfy other requirements, we will be subject to a 100% tax on an amount based on the magnitude of the failure, as adjusted to reflect the profit margin associated with our gross income. |
| If we should violate the asset tests (other than certain de minimis violations) or other requirements applicable to REITs, as described below, and yet maintain our qualification as a REIT because there is reasonable cause for the failure and other applicable requirements are met, we may be subject to an excise tax. In that case, the amount of the excise tax will be at least $50,000 per failure, and, in the case of certain asset test failures, will be determined as the amount of net income generated by the assets in question multiplied by the highest corporate tax rate (currently 35%) if that amount exceeds $50,000 per failure. |
| If we should fail to distribute during each calendar year at least the sum of (a) 85% of our REIT ordinary income for such year, (b) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for such year, and (c) any undistributed taxable income from prior periods, we would be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the excess of the required distribution over the sum of (i) the amounts that we actually distributed and (ii) the amounts we retained and upon which we paid income tax at the corporate level. |
| We may be required to pay monetary penalties to the Internal Revenue Service in certain circumstances, including if we fail to meet record keeping requirements intended to monitor our compliance with rules relating to the composition of a REITs stockholders, as described below in Requirements for QualificationGeneral. |
| A 100% tax may be imposed on transactions between us and a TRS (as described below) that do not reflect arms-length terms. |
| If we acquire appreciated assets from a corporation that is not a REIT (i.e., a corporation taxable under subchapter C of the Internal Revenue Code) in a transaction in which the adjusted tax basis of the assets in our hands is determined by reference to the adjusted tax basis of the assets in the hands of the subchapter C corporation, we may be subject to tax on such appreciation at the highest corporate income tax rate then applicable if we subsequently recognize gain on a disposition of any such assets during the 5-year period following their acquisition from the subchapter C corporation. |
| The earnings of our subsidiaries, including any subsidiary we may elect to treat as a TRS (as described below), are subject to federal corporate income tax to the extent that such subsidiaries are subchapter C corporations. |
In addition, we and our subsidiaries may be subject to a variety of taxes, including payroll taxes and state and local and foreign income, property and other taxes on our assets and operations. We could also be subject to tax in situations and on transactions not presently contemplated.
Requirements for QualificationGeneral
The Internal Revenue Code defines a REIT as a corporation, trust or association:
(i) | that is managed by one or more trustees or directors; |
(ii) | the beneficial ownership of which is evidenced by transferable shares, or by transferable certificates of beneficial interest; |
(iii) | that would be taxable as a domestic corporation but for its election to be subject to tax as a REIT; |
(iv) | that is neither a financial institution nor an insurance company subject to specific provisions of the Internal Revenue Code; |
(v) | the beneficial ownership of which is held by 100 or more persons; |
(vi) | in which, during the last half of each taxable year, not more than 50% in value of the outstanding stock is owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code to include specified tax-exempt entities); |
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(vii) | that elects to be taxed as a REIT, or has made such election for a previous taxable year, and satisfies all relevant filing and other administrative requirements that must be met to elect and maintain REIT qualification; and |
(viii) | that meets other tests described below, including with respect to the nature of its income and assets. |
The Internal Revenue Code provides that conditions (i) through (iv) must be met during the entire taxable year, and that condition (v) must be met during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year. Conditions (iv) and (v) need not be met during a corporations initial tax year as a REIT. Our charter provides restrictions regarding the ownership and transfer of our shares, which are intended to assist us in satisfying the share ownership requirements described in conditions (iv) and (v) above.
We believe that we will issue in this offering common stock with sufficient diversity of ownership to satisfy conditions (v) and (vi). In addition, our charter restricts the ownership and transfer of our stock so that we should continue to satisfy these requirements. The provisions of our charter restricting the ownership and transfer of our common stock are described in Description of SharesRestriction on Ownership of Shares.
To monitor compliance with the share ownership requirements, we generally are required to maintain records regarding the actual ownership of our shares. To do so, we must demand written statements each year from the record holders of significant percentages of our stock pursuant to which the record holders must disclose the actual owners of the shares (i.e., the persons required to include our distributions in their gross income). We must maintain a list of those persons failing or refusing to comply with this demand as part of our records. We could be subject to monetary penalties if we fail to comply with these record-keeping requirements. If you fail or refuse to comply with the demands, you will be required by Treasury regulations to submit a statement with your tax return disclosing your actual ownership of our shares and other information.
In addition, a corporation generally may not elect to become a REIT unless its taxable year is the calendar year. We have adopted December 31 as our year-end, and thereby satisfy this requirement.
The Internal Revenue Code provides relief from violations of the REIT gross income requirements, as described below under Income Tests, in cases where a violation is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect, and other requirements are met, including the payment of a penalty tax that is based upon the magnitude of the violation. In addition, certain provisions of the Internal Revenue Code extend similar relief in the case of certain violations of the REIT asset requirements (see Asset Tests below) and other REIT requirements, again provided that the violation is due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect, and other conditions are met, including the payment of a penalty tax. If we fail to satisfy any of the various REIT requirements, there can be no assurance that these relief provisions would be available to enable us to maintain our qualification as a REIT, and, if such relief provisions are available, the amount of any resultant penalty tax could be substantial.
Effect of Subsidiary Entities
Ownership of Partnership Interests . An unincorporated domestic entity, such as a partnership, limited liability company, or trust, that has a single owner generally is not treated as an entity separate from its parent for federal income tax purposes. An unincorporated domestic entity with two or more owners generally is treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. If we are a partner in an entity that is treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, Treasury regulations provide that we are deemed to own our proportionate share of the partnerships assets, and to earn our proportionate share of the partnerships income, for purposes of the asset and gross income tests applicable to REITs. Our proportionate share of a partnerships assets and income is based on our capital interest in the partnership (except that for purposes of the 10% value test, our proportionate share of the partnerships assets is based on our proportionate interest in the equity and certain debt securities issued by the partnership). In addition, the assets and gross income of the partnership are deemed to retain the same character in our hands. Thus, our proportionate share of the assets and items of income of any of our subsidiary partnerships will be treated as our assets and items of income for purposes of applying the REIT requirements. For any period of time that we own 100% of our operating partnership, all of the operating partnerships assets and income will be deemed to be ours for federal income tax purposes.
Disregarded Subsidiaries . If we own a corporate subsidiary that is a qualified REIT subsidiary, that subsidiary is generally disregarded for federal income tax purposes, and all of the subsidiarys assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit are treated as our assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit, including for purposes of the gross income and asset tests applicable to REITs. A qualified REIT subsidiary is any corporation, other than a TRS (as described below), that is directly or indirectly wholly owned by a REIT. Thus, in applying the requirements described herein, any qualified REIT subsidiary that we own will be ignored, and all assets, liabilities, and items of income, deduction and credit of such subsidiary will be treated as our assets, liabilities, and items of income, deduction and credit. If we own 100% of the equity interests in a CDO issuer or other securitization vehicle that is treated as a corporation for tax purposes, that CDO issuer or other securitization vehicle would be a qualified REIT subsidiary, unless we
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and the CDO issuer or other securitization vehicle jointly elect to treat the CDO issuer or other securitization vehicle as a TRS. It is anticipated that CDO financings we enter into, if any, will be treated as qualified REIT subsidiaries. Other entities that are wholly owned by us, including single member limited liability companies that have not elected to be taxed as corporations for federal income tax purposes, are also generally disregarded as separate entities for federal income tax purposes, including for purposes of the REIT income and asset tests. Disregarded subsidiaries, along with any partnerships in which we hold an equity interest, are sometimes referred to herein as pass-through subsidiaries.
In the event that a disregarded subsidiary of ours ceases to be wholly ownedfor example, if any equity interest in the subsidiary is acquired by a person other than us or another disregarded subsidiary of oursthe subsidiarys separate existence would no longer be disregarded for federal income tax purposes. Instead, the subsidiary would have multiple owners and would be treated as either a partnership or a taxable corporation. Such an event could, depending on the circumstances, adversely affect our ability to satisfy the various asset and gross income requirements applicable to REITs, including the requirement that REITs generally may not own, directly or indirectly, more than 10% of the securities of another corporation. See Asset Tests and Income Tests.
Taxable Corporate Subsidiaries . In the future we may jointly elect with any of our subsidiary corporations, whether or not wholly owned, to treat such subsidiary corporations as taxable REIT subsidiaries, or TRSs. A REIT is permitted to own up to 100% of the stock of one or more TRSs. A domestic TRS is a fully taxable corporation that may earn income that would not be qualifying income if earned directly by the parent REIT. The subsidiary and the REIT must jointly elect to treat the subsidiary as a TRS. A corporation with respect to which a TRS directly or indirectly owns more than 35% of the voting power or value of the stock will automatically be treated as a TRS. We generally may not own more than 10% of the securities of a taxable corporation, as measured by voting power or value, unless we and such corporation elect to treat such corporation as a TRS. Overall, no more than 25% (20% after December 31, 2017) of the value of a REITs assets may consist of stock or securities of one or more TRSs.
The separate existence of a TRS or other taxable corporation is not ignored for federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, a TRS or other taxable corporation generally would be subject to corporate income tax on its earnings, which may reduce the cash flow that we and our subsidiaries generate in the aggregate, and may reduce our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
We are not treated as holding the assets of a TRS or other taxable subsidiary corporation or as receiving any income that the subsidiary earns. Rather, the stock issued by a taxable subsidiary to us is an asset in our hands, and we treat the distributions paid to us from such taxable subsidiary, if any, as income. This treatment can affect our income and asset test calculations, as described below. Because we do not include the assets and income of TRSs or other taxable subsidiary corporations in determining our compliance with the REIT requirements, we may use such entities to undertake indirectly activities that the REIT rules might otherwise preclude us from doing directly or through pass-through subsidiaries. For example, we may use TRSs or other taxable subsidiary corporations to conduct activities that give rise to certain categories of income such as management fees or activities that would be treated in our hands as prohibited transactions.
Certain restrictions imposed on TRSs are intended to ensure that such entities will be subject to appropriate levels of U.S. federal income taxation. First, a TRS with a debt-equity ratio in excess of 1.5 to 1 may not deduct interest payments made in any year to an affiliated REIT to the extent that such payments exceed, generally, 50% of the TRSs adjusted taxable income for that year (although the TRS may carry forward to, and deduct in, a succeeding year the disallowed interest amount if the 50% test is satisfied in that year). In addition, if amounts are paid to a REIT or deducted by a TRS due to transactions between the REIT and a TRS that exceed the amount that would be paid to or deducted by a party in an arms-length transaction, the REIT generally will be subject to an excise tax equal to 100% of such excess. We intend to scrutinize all of our transactions with any of our subsidiaries that are treated as a TRS in an effort to ensure that we do not become subject to this excise tax; however, we cannot assure you that we will be successful in avoiding this excise tax.
We may own TRSs that are organized outside of the United States. For example, we may hold certain investments and instruments through TRSs to the extent that direct ownership by us could jeopardize our compliance with the REIT qualification requirements, and we may make TRS elections with respect to certain offshore issuers of CDOs and/or other instruments to the extent that we do not own 100% of the offshore issuers equity. Special rules apply in the case of income earned by a taxable subsidiary corporation that is organized outside of the United States. Depending upon the nature of the subsidiarys income, the parent REIT may be required to include in its taxable income an amount equal to its share of the subsidiarys income, without regard to whether, or when, such income is distributed by the subsidiary. See Income Tests below. A TRS that is organized outside of the United States may, depending upon the nature of its operations, be subject to little or no federal income tax. There is a specific exemption from federal income tax for non-U.S. corporations that restrict their activities in the United States to trading stock and securities (or any activity closely related thereto) for their own account, whether such trading (or such other activity) is conducted by the corporation or its employees through a resident broker, commission agent, custodian or other agent. We currently expect that any offshore TRSs will rely on that exemption or otherwise operate in a manner so that they will generally not be subject to federal income tax on their net income at the entity level.
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Income Tests
In order to qualify as a REIT, we must satisfy two gross income requirements on an annual basis. First, at least 75% of our gross income for each taxable year, excluding gross income from sales of inventory or dealer property in prohibited transactions, generally must be derived from investments relating to real property or mortgages on real property, including interest income derived from mortgage loans secured by real property (including certain types of residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities), rents from real property, distributions received from other REITs, gains from the sale of real estate assets, and any amount includible in gross income with respect to a regular or residual interest in a REMIC, unless less than 95% of the REMICs assets are real estate assets, in which case only a proportionate amount of such income will qualify, as well as specified income from temporary investments. Second, at least 95% of our gross income in each taxable year, excluding gross income from prohibited transactions and certain hedging transactions, must be derived from some combination of such income from investments in real property (i.e., income that qualifies under the 75% income test described above), as well as other distributions, interest, and gain from the sale or disposition of stock or securities, which need not have any relation to real property.
Gross income from the sale of inventory property is excluded from both the numerator and the denominator in both income tests. Income and gain from hedging transactions that we enter into to hedge indebtedness incurred or to be incurred to acquire or carry real estate assets will generally be excluded from both the numerator and the denominator for purposes of both gross income tests. We intend to monitor the amount of our non-qualifying income and manage our investment portfolio to comply at all times with the gross income tests but we cannot assure you that we will be successful in this effort.
The term interest, as defined for purposes of both gross income tests, generally excludes any amount that is based in whole or in part on the income or profits of any person. However, interest generally includes the following: (i) an amount that is based on a fixed percentage or percentages of gross receipts or sales and (ii) an amount that is based on the income or profits of a borrower where the borrower derives substantially all of its income from the real property securing the debt by leasing substantially all of its interest in the property, but only to the extent that the amounts received by the borrower would be qualifying rents from real property if received directly by a REIT.
If a loan contains a provision that entitles a REIT to a percentage of the borrowers gain upon the sale of the real property securing the loan or a percentage of the appreciation in the propertys value as of a specific date, income attributable to that loan provision will be treated as gain from the sale of the property securing the loan, which generally is qualifying income for purposes of both gross income tests.
Interest on debt secured by a mortgage on real property or on interests in real property is generally qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test. However, if the highest principal amount of a loan outstanding during a taxable year exceeds the sum of the fair market value of the real property securing the loan as of the date the REIT agreed to originate or acquire the loan plus an additional amount equal to the value of the personal property securing such loan provided that the value of the personal property does not exceed 15% of the combined value of such real and personal property, a portion of the interest income from such loan will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test, but will be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test. Note that a significant modification of a debt instrument will result in a new debt instrument that requires new tests of the value of the underlying real estate. The portion of the interest income that will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test will be equal to the portion of the principal amount of the loan that is not secured by real property and personal property provided that the value of the personal property does not exceed 15% of the combined value of such real and personal property (i.e., the amount by which the loan exceeds the value of the real estate and qualifying personal property that is security for the loan).
Interest, including original issue discount or market discount, that we accrue on our real estate-related investments generally will be qualifying income for purposes of both gross income tests. However, some of our investments may not be secured by mortgages on real property or interests in real property. Our interest income from those investments will be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test but not the 75% gross income test. In addition, as discussed above, if the fair market value of the real estate securing any of our investments is less than the principal amount of the underlying loan as of a certain testing date, a portion of the income from that investment may be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test but not the 75% gross income test.
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To the extent that the terms of a loan provide for contingent interest that is based on the cash proceeds realized upon the sale of the property securing the loan (a shared appreciation provision), income attributable to the participation feature will be treated as gain from sale of the underlying property, which generally will be qualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests provided that the real property is not held as inventory or dealer property or primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. To the extent that we derive interest income from a mortgage loan or income from the rental of real property (discussed below) where all or a portion of the amount of interest or rental income payable is contingent, such income generally will qualify for purposes of the gross income tests only if it is based upon the gross receipts or sales and not on the net income or profits of the borrower or lessee. This limitation does not apply, however, where the borrower or lessee leases substantially all of its interest in the property to tenants or subtenants to the extent that the rental income derived by the borrower or lessee, as the case may be, would qualify as rents from real property had we earned the income directly.
We and our subsidiaries may invest in mezzanine loans, which are loans secured by equity interests in an entity that directly or indirectly owns real property, rather than by a direct mortgage of the real property. The Internal Revenue Service has issued Revenue Procedure 2003-65, which provides a safe harbor applicable to mezzanine loans. Under the Revenue Procedure, if a mezzanine loan meets each of the requirements contained in the Revenue Procedure, (i) the mezzanine loan will be treated by the Internal Revenue Service as a real estate asset for purposes of the asset tests described below, and (ii) interest derived from the mezzanine loan will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% income test. Although the Revenue Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law. We intend to structure any investments in mezzanine loans in a manner that generally complies with the various requirements applicable to our qualification as a REIT. However, the extent that any of our mezzanine loans do not meet all of the requirements for reliance on the safe harbor set forth in the Revenue Procedure, there can be no assurance that the Internal Revenue Service will not challenge the tax treatment of these loans.
We and our subsidiaries may also invest in real estate mortgage investment conduits, or REMICs, and we may invest in other types of residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities. See below under Asset Tests for a discussion of the effect of such investments on our qualification as a REIT.
We may also hold certain participation interests, including B Notes, in mortgage loans and mezzanine loans originated by other lenders. B Notes are interests in underlying loans created by virtue of participations or similar agreements to which the originator of the loans is a party, along with one or more participants. The borrower on the underlying loans is typically not a party to the participation agreement. The performance of this investment depends upon the performance of the underlying loans and, if the underlying borrower defaults, the participant typically has no recourse against the originator of the loans. The originator often retains a senior position in the underlying loans and grants junior participations that absorb losses first in the event of a default by the borrower. We generally expect to treat our participation interests as qualifying real estate assets for purposes of the REIT asset tests described below and interest that we derive from such investments as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% income test. The appropriate treatment of participation interests for federal income tax purposes is not entirely certain, however, and no assurance can be given that the Internal Revenue Service will not challenge our treatment of our participation interests. In the event of a determination that such participation interests do not qualify as real estate assets, or that the income that we derive from such participation interests does not qualify as mortgage interest for purposes of the REIT asset and income tests, we could be subject to a penalty tax, or could fail to qualify as a REIT. See Taxation of REITs in General, Requirements for QualificationGeneral, Asset Tests and Failure to Qualify.
We may acquire debt instruments in the secondary market for less than their face amount. The amount of such discount will generally be treated as market discount for federal income tax purposes. We may acquire distressed debt investments that are subsequently modified by agreement with the borrower. If the amendments to the outstanding debt are significant modifications under the applicable Treasury regulations, the modified debt may be considered to have been reissued to us in a debt-for-debt exchange with the borrower. This deemed reissuance may prevent the modified debt from qualifying as a good REIT asset if the underlying security has declined in value, and may result in phantom income.
In general, we will be required to accrue original issue discount on a debt instrument as taxable income in accordance with applicable federal income tax rules even though no cash payments may be received on such debt instrument. With respect to market discount, although generally we are not required to accrue the discount annually as taxable income (absent an election to do so), interest payments with respect to any debt incurred to purchase the investment may not be deductible and a portion of any gain realized on the operating partnerships disposition of the debt instrument may be treated as ordinary income rather than capital gain.
If we eventually collect less on a debt instrument than the amount we paid for it plus the market discount we had previously reported as income, there would potentially be an ordinary bad debt deduction (rather than capital loss) but this is not free from doubt, and may depend on the characteristics of the underlying obligation, and the amount of cash we collect on maturity, etc. Our ability to benefit from that bad debt deduction (or capital loss) would depend on our having taxable income (or capital gain) in that later taxable year. REITs may not carry back net operating losses, so this possible income early, loss later phenomenon could adversely affect us and our shareholders if it were persistent and in significant amounts.
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Finally, in the event that any debt instruments acquired by us are delinquent as to mandatory principal and interest payments, or in the event a borrower with respect to a particular debt instrument acquired by the operating partnership encounters financial difficulty rendering it unable to pay stated interest as due, we may nonetheless be required to continue to recognize the unpaid interest as taxable income. Similarly, we may be required to accrue interest income with respect to subordinate residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities at the stated rate regardless of whether corresponding cash payments are received.
Due to each of these potential timing differences between income recognition or expense deduction and cash receipts or disbursements, there is a risk that we may recognize substantial taxable income in excess of cash available for distribution. In that event, we may need to borrow funds or take other action to satisfy the REIT distribution requirements for the taxable year in which this phantom income is recognized. See Annual Distribution Requirements.
Rents received by us will qualify as rents from real property in satisfying the gross income requirements described above only if several conditions are met. If rent is partly attributable to personal property leased in connection with a lease of real property, the portion of the rent that is attributable to the personal property will not qualify as rents from real property unless it constitutes 15% or less of the total rent received under the lease. In addition, the amount of rent must not be based in whole or in part on the income or profits of any person. Amounts received as rent, however, generally will not be excluded from rents from real property solely by reason of being based on fixed percentages of gross receipts or sales. Moreover, for rents received to qualify as rents from real property, we generally must not operate or manage the property or furnish or render services to the tenants of such property, other than through an independent contractor from which we derive no revenue. We are permitted, however, to perform services that are usually or customarily rendered in connection with the rental of space for occupancy only and which are not otherwise considered rendered to the occupant of the property. In addition, we may directly or indirectly provide noncustomary services to tenants of our properties without disqualifying all of the rent from the property if the payments for such services do not exceed 1% of the total gross income from the properties. For purposes of this test, we are deemed to have received income from such non-customary services in an amount at least 150% of the direct cost of providing the services. Moreover, we are generally permitted to provide services to tenants or others through a TRS without disqualifying the rental income received from tenants for purposes of the income tests. Also, rental income will qualify as rents from real property only to the extent that we do not directly or constructively hold a 10% or greater interest, as measured by vote or value, in the lessees equity.
We may directly or indirectly receive distributions from TRSs or other corporations that are not REITs or qualified REIT subsidiaries. These distributions generally are treated as dividend income to the extent of the earnings and profits of the distributing corporation. Such distributions will generally constitute qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test, but not for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Any distributions that we receive from a REIT, however, will be qualifying income for purposes of both the 95% and 75% income tests.
We may receive various fees in connection with our operations relating to the origination or purchase of whole loans secured by first mortgages and other loans secured by real property. The fees will generally be qualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests if they are received in consideration for entering into an agreement to make a loan secured by real property and the fees are not determined by income and profits. Other fees generally are not qualifying income for purposes of either gross income test and will not be favorably counted for purposes of either gross income test. Any fees earned by any TRS will not be included for purposes of the gross income tests. We and our subsidiaries may enter into hedging transactions with respect to one or more of our assets or liabilities. Hedging transactions could take a variety of forms, including interest rate swap agreements, interest rate cap agreements, options, futures contracts, forward rate agreements or similar financial instruments. Except to the extent provided by Treasury regulations, any income from a hedging transaction we entered into (i) in the normal course of our business primarily to manage risk of interest rate, inflation and/or currency fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be made, or ordinary obligations incurred or to be incurred, to acquire or carry real estate assets, which is clearly identified as specified in Treasury regulations before the closing of the day on which it was acquired, originated, or entered into, including gain from the sale or disposition of such a transaction, or (ii) primarily to manage risk of currency fluctuations with respect to any item of income or gain that would be qualifying income under the 75% or 95% income tests which is clearly identified as such before the closing of the day on which it was acquired, originated, or entered to, will not constitute gross income for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income tests. To the extent that we enter into other types of hedging transactions, the income from those transactions is likely to be treated as non-qualifying income for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income tests. We intend to structure any hedging transactions in a manner that does not jeopardize our qualification as a REIT.
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Our foreign investments might generate foreign currency gains and losses. Real estate foreign exchange gain is excluded from gross income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests. Real estate foreign exchange gain is foreign currency gain which is attributable to (i) any item of income or gain qualifying for the 75% gross income test, (ii) our acquisition or ownership of obligations secured by mortgages on real property or interests in real property; or (iii) our becoming or being the obligor under obligations secured by mortgages on real property or on interests in real property. Real estate foreign exchange gain also includes Section 987 gain attributable to a qualified business unit (QBU) of the REIT if the QBU itself meets the 75% income test for the taxable year, and meets the 75% asset test at the close of each quarter of the REIT that has directly or indirectly held the QBU.
Passive foreign exchange gain is another type of currency gain. This type of gain is excluded for purposes of the 95% income test but is included in gross income and treated as non-qualifying income (to the extent that it is not real estate foreign exchange gain), for purposes of the 75% income test. Passive foreign exchange gain includes all real estate foreign exchange gain, and in addition includes foreign currency gain which is attributable to (i) any item of income or gain which qualifies for the 95% gross income test, (ii) the acquisition or ownership of obligations, (iii) becoming or being the obligor under obligations, and (iv) any other foreign currency gain as determined by the Secretary of the Treasury.
If we fail to satisfy one or both of the 75% or 95% gross income tests for any taxable year, we may still qualify as a REIT for such year if we are entitled to relief under applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. These relief provisions will be generally available if (i) our failure to meet these tests was due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect and (ii) following our identification of the failure to meet the 75% or 95% gross income test for any taxable year, we file a schedule with the Internal Revenue Service setting forth each item of our gross income for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income test for such taxable year in accordance with Treasury regulations yet to be issued. It is not possible to state whether we would be entitled to the benefit of these relief provisions in all circumstances. If these relief provisions are inapplicable to a particular set of circumstances, we will not qualify as a REIT. As discussed above under Taxation of REITs in General, even where these relief provisions apply, the Internal Revenue Code imposes a tax based upon the amount by which we fail to satisfy the particular gross income test.
Asset Tests
At the close of each calendar quarter, we must also satisfy four tests relating to the nature of our assets. First, at least 75% of the value of our total assets must be represented by some combination of real estate assets, cash, cash items, U.S. government securities, and, under some circumstances, stock or debt instruments purchased with new capital. For this purpose, real estate assets include interests in real property, such as land, buildings, leasehold interests in real property, stock of other corporations that qualify as REITs, and some kinds of residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities and mortgage loans. Assets that do not qualify for purposes of the 75% test are subject to the additional asset tests described below.
Second, the value of any one issuers securities that we own may not exceed 5% of the value of our total assets.
Third, we may not own more than 10% of any one issuers outstanding securities, as measured by either voting power or value. The 5% and 10% asset tests do not apply to securities of TRSs and qualified REIT subsidiaries and the 10% asset test does not apply to straight debt having specified characteristics and to certain other securities described below. Solely for purposes of the 10% asset test, the determination of our interest in the assets of a partnership or limited liability company in which we own an interest will be based on our proportionate interest in any securities issued by the partnership or limited liability company, excluding for this purpose certain securities described in the Internal Revenue Code. Fourth, the aggregate value of all securities of taxable REIT subsidiaries that we hold may not exceed 25% (20% after December 31, 2017) of the value of our total assets.
Any regular or residual interest that we own in a REMIC will generally qualify as real estate assets. However, if less than 95% of the assets of a REMIC consist of assets that qualify as real estate assets, then we will be treated as holding directly our proportionate share of the assets of such REMIC for purposes of the asset tests.
We believe that most of the real estate-related securities that we expect to hold will be qualifying interests for purposes of the 75% asset test. However, our investment in other asset-backed securities, bank loans and other instruments that are not secured by mortgages on real property, if any, will not be qualifying interests for purposes of the 75% asset test.
Notwithstanding the general rule, as noted above, that for purposes of the REIT income and asset tests we are treated as owning our proportionate share of the underlying assets of a subsidiary partnership, if we hold indebtedness issued by a partnership, the indebtedness will be subject to, and may cause a violation of, the asset tests unless the indebtedness is a qualifying mortgage asset or other conditions are met. Similarly, although stock of another REIT is a qualifying interest for purposes of the REIT asset tests, any non-mortgage debt that is issued by another REIT may not so qualify (such debt, however, will not be treated as securities for purposes of the 10% asset test, as explained below).
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Certain relief provisions are available to REITs to satisfy the asset requirements or to maintain REIT qualification notwithstanding certain violations of the asset and other requirements. One such provision allows a REIT which fails one or more of the asset requirements to nevertheless maintain its REIT qualification if (i) the REIT provides the Internal Revenue Service with a description of each asset causing the failure, (ii) the failure is due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect, (iii) the REIT pays a tax equal to the greater of (a) $50,000 per failure, and (b) the product of the net income generated by the assets that caused the failure multiplied by the highest applicable corporate tax rate (currently 35%), and (iv) the REIT either disposes of the assets causing the failure within six months after the last day of the quarter in which it identifies the failure, or otherwise satisfies the relevant asset tests within that time frame.
In the case of de minimis violations of the 10% and 5% asset tests, a REIT may maintain its qualification despite a violation of such requirements if (i) the value of the assets causing the violation does not exceed the lesser of 1% of the REITs total assets and $10,000,000, and (ii) the REIT either disposes of the assets causing the failure within six months after the last day of the quarter in which it identifies the failure, or the relevant tests are otherwise satisfied within that time frame.
Certain securities will not cause a violation of the 10% asset test described above. Such securities include instruments that constitute straight debt, which includes, among other things, securities having certain contingency features. A security does not qualify as straight debt where a REIT (or a controlled TRS of the REIT) owns other securities of the same issuer which do not qualify as straight debt, unless the value of those other securities constitute, in the aggregate, 1% or less of the total value of that issuers outstanding securities. In addition to straight debt, the Internal Revenue Code provides that certain other securities will not violate the 10% asset test. Such securities include (i) any loan made to an individual or an estate, (ii) certain rental agreements pursuant to which one or more payments are to be made in subsequent years (other than agreements between a REIT and certain persons related to the REIT under attribution rules), (iii) any obligation to pay rents from real property, (iv) securities issued by governmental entities that are not dependent in whole or in part on the profits of (or payments made by) a non-governmental entity, (v) any security (including debt securities) issued by another REIT, and (vi) any debt instrument issued by a partnership if the partnerships income is of a nature that it would satisfy the 75% gross income test described above under Income Tests. In applying the 10% asset test, a debt security issued by a partnership is not taken into account to the extent, if any, of the REITs proportionate interest in the equity and certain debt securities issued by that partnership.
Any interests that we hold in a REMIC will generally qualify as real estate assets and income derived from REMIC interests will generally be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the REIT income tests described above. If less than 95% of the assets of a REMIC are real estate assets, however, then only a proportionate part of our interest in the REMIC and income derived from the interest qualifies for purposes of the REIT asset and income tests. If we hold a residual interest in a REMIC from which we derive excess inclusion income, we will be required to either distribute the excess inclusion income or pay tax on it (or a combination of the two), even though we may not receive the income in cash. To the extent that distributed excess inclusion income is allocable to a particular stockholder, the income (i) would not be allowed to be offset by any net operating losses otherwise available to the stockholder, (ii) would be subject to tax as unrelated business taxable income in the hands of most types of stockholders that are otherwise generally exempt from federal income tax, and (iii) would result in the application of U.S. federal income tax withholding at the maximum rate (30%), without reduction of any otherwise applicable income tax treaty, to the extent allocable to most types of foreign stockholders. Moreover, any excess inclusion income that we receive that is allocable to specified categories of tax-exempt investors which are not subject to unrelated business income tax, such as government entities, may be subject to corporate-level income tax in our hands, whether or not it is distributed. See Taxable Mortgage Pools and Excess Inclusion Income.
To the extent that we hold mortgage participations or CMBS that do not represent REMIC interests, such assets may not qualify as real estate assets, and the income generated from them might not qualify for purposes of either or both of the REIT income tests, depending upon the circumstances and the specific structure of the investment.
We believe that our holdings of securities and other assets will comply with the foregoing REIT asset requirements, and we intend to monitor compliance on an ongoing basis. Certain mezzanine loans we make or acquire may qualify for the safe harbor in Revenue Procedure 2003-65 pursuant to which certain loans secured by a first priority security interest in ownership interests in a partnership or limited liability company will be treated as qualifying interests for purposes of the 75% real estate asset test and the 10% vote or value test. See Income Tests. We may make some mezzanine loans that do not qualify for that safe harbor and that do not qualify as straight debt securities or for one of the other exclusions from the definition of securities for purposes of the 10% value test. We intend to make such investments in such a manner as not to fail the asset tests described above.
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No independent appraisals will be obtained to support our conclusions as to the value of our total assets or the value of any particular security or securities. Moreover, values of some assets, including instruments issued in securitization transactions, may not be susceptible to a precise determination, and values are subject to change in the future. Furthermore, the proper classification of an instrument as debt or equity for federal income tax purposes may be uncertain in some circumstances, which could affect the application of the REIT asset requirements. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Internal Revenue Service will not contend that our interests in our subsidiaries or in the securities of other issuers will not cause a violation of the REIT asset tests.
If we should fail to satisfy the asset tests at the end of a calendar quarter, such a failure would not cause us to lose our REIT qualification if we (i) satisfied the asset tests at the close of the preceding calendar quarter and (ii) the discrepancy between the value of our assets and the asset requirements was not wholly or partly caused by an acquisition of non-qualifying interests, but instead arose from changes in the market value of our assets. If the condition described in (ii) were not satisfied, we still could avoid disqualification by eliminating any discrepancy within 30 days after the close of the calendar quarter in which it arose or by making use of relief provisions described below.
Annual Distribution Requirements
In order to qualify as a REIT, we are required to make distributions, other than capital gain distributions, to our stockholders in an amount at least equal to:
(i) | the sum of |
(a) | 90% of our REIT taxable income, computed without regard to our net capital gains and the dividends paid deduction, and |
(b) | 90% of our net income, if any, (after tax) from foreclosure property (as described below), minus |
(ii) | the sum of specified items of non-cash income. |
In addition, if we were to recognize built-in-gain (as defined below) on the disposition of any assets acquired from a C corporation in a transaction in which our basis in the assets was determined by reference to the C corporations basis (for instance, if the assets were acquired in a tax-free reorganization), we would be required to distribute at least 90% of the built-in-gain recognized net of the tax we would pay on such gain. Built-in-gain is the excess of (i) the fair market value of an asset (measured at the time of acquisition) over (ii) the basis of the asset (measured at the time of acquisition).
We generally must make these distributions in the taxable year to which they relate, or in the following taxable year if either (i) declared before we timely file our tax return for the year and if paid with or before the first regular distribution payment after such declaration; or (ii) declared in October, November or December of the taxable year, payable to stockholders of record on a specified day in any such month, and actually paid before the end of January of the following year. The distributions under clause (i) are taxable to the holders of our common stock in the year in which paid, and the distributions in clause (ii) are treated as paid on December 31 of the prior taxable year. In both instances, these distributions relate to our prior taxable year for purposes of the 90% distribution requirement.
To the extent that we distribute at least 90%, but less than 100%, of our REIT taxable income, as adjusted, we will be subject to tax at ordinary corporate tax rates on the retained portion. We may elect to retain, rather than distribute, our net long-term capital gains and pay tax on such gains. In this case, we could elect for our stockholders to include their proportionate shares of such undistributed long-term capital gains in income, and to receive a corresponding credit for their share of the tax that we paid. Our stockholders would then increase their adjusted basis of their stock by the difference between (i) the amounts of capital gain distributions that we designated and that they include in their taxable income, minus (ii) the tax that we paid on their behalf with respect to that income.
To the extent that we have available net operating losses carried forward from prior tax years, such losses may reduce the amount of distributions that we must make in order to comply with the REIT distribution requirements. Such losses, however, will generally not affect the character, in the hands of our stockholders, of any distributions that are actually made as ordinary dividends or capital gains. See Taxation of StockholdersTaxation of Taxable Domestic StockholdersDistributions.
If we should fail to distribute during each calendar year at least the sum of (i) 85% of our REIT ordinary income for such year, (ii) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for such year, and (iii) any undistributed taxable income from prior periods, we would be subject to a non-deductible 4% excise tax on the excess of such required distribution over the sum of (x) the amounts actually distributed, plus (y) the amounts of income we retained and on which we have paid corporate income tax.
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It is possible that, from time to time, we may not have sufficient cash to meet the distribution requirements due to timing differences between (i) our actual receipt of cash, including receipt of distributions from our subsidiaries, and (ii) our inclusion of items in income for federal income tax purposes. Other potential sources of non-cash taxable income include:
| residual interests in REMICs or taxable mortgage pools; |
| loans or residential or commercial mortgage-backed securities held as assets that are issued at a discount and require the accrual of taxable economic interest in advance of receipt in cash; and |
| loans on which the borrower is permitted to defer cash payments of interest, and distressed loans on which we may be required to accrue taxable interest income even though the borrower is unable to make current servicing payments in cash. |
In the event that such timing differences occur, in order to meet the distribution requirements, it might be necessary for us to arrange for short-term, or possibly long-term, borrowings, or to pay distributions in the form of taxable in-kind distributions of property.
We may be able to rectify a failure to meet the distribution requirements for a year by paying deficiency dividends to stockholders in a later year, which may be included in our deduction for distributions paid for the earlier year. In this case, we may be able to avoid losing REIT qualification or being taxed on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends. We will be required to pay interest and a penalty based on the amount of any deduction taken for deficiency dividends.
Failure to Qualify
If we fail to satisfy one or more requirements for REIT qualification other than the gross income or asset tests, we could avoid disqualification if our failure is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect and we pay a penalty of $50,000 for each such failure. Relief provisions are available for failures of the gross income tests and asset tests, as described above in Income Tests and Asset Tests.
If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any taxable year, and the relief provisions described above do not apply, we would be subject to tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax, on our taxable income at regular corporate rates. We cannot deduct distributions to stockholders in any year in which we are not a REIT, nor would we be required to make distributions in such a year. In this situation, to the extent of current and accumulated earnings and profits, distributions to certain domestic stockholders that are individuals, trusts and estates will generally be taxable at capital gains rates. In addition, subject to the limitations of the Internal Revenue Code, corporate distributees may be eligible for the dividends received deduction. Unless we are entitled to relief under specific statutory provisions, we would also be disqualified from re-electing to be taxed as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which we lost qualification. It is not possible to state whether, in all circumstances, we would be entitled to this statutory relief.
Prohibited Transactions
Net income that we derive from a prohibited transaction is subject to a 100% tax. The term prohibited transaction generally includes a sale or other disposition of property (other than foreclosure property, as discussed below) that is held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business. We intend to conduct our operations so that no asset that we own (or are treated as owning) will be treated as, or as having been, held for sale to customers, and that a sale of any such asset will not be treated as having been in the ordinary course of our business. Whether property is held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business depends on the particular facts and circumstances. No assurance can be given that any property that we sell will not be treated as property held for sale to customers, or that we can comply with certain safe-harbor provisions of the Internal Revenue Code that would prevent such treatment. The 100% tax does not apply to gains from the sale of property that is held through a TRS or other taxable corporation, although such income will potentially be subject to tax in the hands of the corporation at regular corporate rates, nor does the tax apply to sales that qualify for a safe harbor as described in Section 857(b)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code.
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Foreclosure Property
Foreclosure property is real property and any personal property incident to such real property (i) that we acquire as the result of having bid on the property at foreclosure, or having otherwise reduced the property to ownership or possession by agreement or process of law, after a default (or upon imminent default) on a lease of the property or a mortgage loan held by us and secured by the property, (ii) for which we acquired the related loan or lease at a time when default was not imminent or anticipated, and (iii) with respect to which we made a proper election to treat the property as foreclosure property. We generally will be subject to tax at the maximum corporate rate (currently 35%) on any net income from foreclosure property, including any gain from the disposition of the foreclosure property, other than income that would otherwise be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Any gain from the sale of property for which a foreclosure property election has been made will not be subject to the 100% tax on gains from prohibited transactions described above, even if the property would otherwise constitute inventory or dealer property. To the extent that we receive any income from foreclosure property that does not qualify for purposes of the 75% gross income test, we intend to make an election to treat the related property as foreclosure property.
Derivatives and Hedging Transactions
We and our subsidiaries may enter into hedging transactions with respect to interest rate and exchange rate and exposure on one or more of our assets or liabilities. Hedging transactions could take a variety of forms, including the use of derivative instruments such as interest rate and exchange rate swap agreements, interest rate and exchange rate cap agreements, options, futures contracts, forward rate agreements or similar financial instruments. Except to the extent provided by Treasury regulations, any income from a hedging transaction we entered into (i) in the normal course of our business primarily to manage risk of interest rate, inflation and/or currency fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be made, or ordinary obligations incurred or to be incurred, to acquire or carry real estate assets, which is clearly identified as specified in Treasury regulations before the closing of the day on which it was acquired, originated, or entered into, including gain from the sale or disposition of such a transaction, or (ii) primarily to manage risk of currency fluctuations with respect to any item of income or gain that would be qualifying income under the 75% or 95% income tests which is clearly identified as such before the closing of the day on which it was acquired, originated, or entered into, will not constitute gross income for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income tests. To the extent that we enter into other types of hedging transactions, the income from those transactions is likely to be treated as non-qualifying income for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income tests. We intend to structure any hedging transactions in a manner that does not jeopardize our qualification as a REIT. We may conduct some or all of our hedging activities through our TRS or other corporate entity, the income from which may be subject to federal income tax, rather than by participating in the arrangements directly or through pass-through subsidiaries. No assurance can be given, however, that our hedging activities will not give rise to income that does not qualify for purposes of either or both of the REIT gross income tests, or that our hedging activities will not adversely affect our ability to satisfy the REIT qualification requirements.
Taxable Mortgage Pools and Excess Inclusion Income
An entity, or a portion of an entity, may be classified as a taxable mortgage pool, or TMP, under the Internal Revenue Code if:
| substantially all of its assets consist of debt obligations or interests in debt obligations; |
| more than 50% of those debt obligations are real estate mortgages or interests in real estate mortgages as of specified testing dates; |
| the entity has issued debt obligations (liabilities) that have two or more maturities; and |
| the payments required to be made by the entity on its debt obligations (liabilities) bear a relationship to the payments to be received by the entity on the debt obligations that it holds as assets. |
Under regulations issued by the U.S. Treasury Department, if less than 80% of the assets of an entity (or a portion of an entity) consist of debt obligations, these debt obligations are considered not to comprise substantially all of its assets, and therefore the entity would not be treated as a TMP. Our financing and securitization arrangements may give rise to TMPs with the consequences as described below.
Where an entity, or a portion of an entity, is classified as a TMP, it is generally treated as a taxable corporation for federal income tax purposes. In the case of a REIT, or a portion of a REIT, or a disregarded subsidiary of a REIT, that is a TMP, however, special rules apply. The TMP is not treated as a corporation that is subject to corporate income tax, and the TMP classification does not directly affect the tax qualification of the REIT. Rather, the consequences of the TMP classification would, in general, except as described below, be limited to the stockholders of the REIT.
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A portion of the REITs income from the TMP, which might be noncash accrued income, could be treated as excess inclusion income. Section 860E(c) of the Internal Revenue Code defines the term excess inclusion with respect to a residual interest in a REMIC. The Internal Revenue Service, however, has yet to issue guidance on the computation of excess inclusion income on equity interests in a TMP held by a REIT. Generally, however, excess inclusion income with respect to our investment in any TMP and any taxable year will equal the excess of (i) the amount of income we accrue on our investment in the TMP over (ii) the amount of income we would have accrued if our investment were a debt instrument having an issue price equal to the fair market value of our investment on the day we acquired it and a yield to maturity equal to 120% of the long-term applicable federal rate in effect on the date we acquired our interest. The term applicable federal rate refers to rates that are based on weighted average yields for treasury securities and are published monthly by the Internal Revenue Service for use in various tax calculations. If we undertake securitization transactions that are TMPs, the amount of excess inclusion income we recognize in any taxable year could represent a significant portion of our total taxable income for that year. Under recently issued Internal Revenue Service guidance, the REITs excess inclusion income, including any excess inclusion income from a residual interest in a REMIC, must be allocated among its stockholders in proportion to distributions paid. We are required to notify our stockholders of the amount of excess inclusion income allocated to them. A stockholders share of our excess inclusion income:
| cannot be offset by any net operating losses otherwise available to the stockholder; |
| is subject to tax as unrelated business taxable income in the hands of most types of stockholders that are otherwise generally exempt from federal income tax; and |
| results in the application of U.S. federal income tax withholding at the maximum rate (30%), without reduction for any otherwise applicable income tax treaty or other exemption, to the extent allocable to most types of foreign stockholders. |
See Taxation of Stockholders. To the extent that excess inclusion income is allocated from a TMP to a tax-exempt stockholder of a REIT that is not subject to unrelated business income tax (such as a government entity), the REIT will be subject to tax on this income at the highest applicable corporate tax rate (currently 35%). In this case, we are authorized to reduce and intend to reduce distributions to such stockholders by the amount of such tax paid by the REIT that is attributable to such stockholders ownership. Treasury regulations provide that such a reduction in distributions does not give rise to a preferential dividend that could adversely affect the REITs compliance with its distribution requirements. See Annual Distribution Requirements. The manner in which excess inclusion income is calculated, or would be allocated to stockholders, including allocations among shares of different classes of stock, remains unclear under current law. As required by Internal Revenue Service guidance, we intend to make such determinations using a reasonable method. Tax-exempt investors, foreign investors and taxpayers with net operating losses should carefully consider the tax consequences described above, and are urged to consult their tax advisors.
If a subsidiary partnership of ours that we do not wholly own, directly or through one or more disregarded entities, were a TMP, the foregoing rules would not apply. Rather, the partnership that is a TMP would be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes and potentially could be subject to corporate income tax or withholding tax. In addition, this characterization would alter our income and asset test calculations and could adversely affect our compliance with those requirements. We intend to monitor the structure of any TMPs (including whether a TRS election might be made in respect of any such TMP) in which we have an interest to ensure that they will not adversely affect our qualification as a REIT.
Taxation of Stockholders
Taxation of Taxable Domestic Stockholders
Distributions . So long as we qualify as a REIT, the distributions that we make to our taxable domestic stockholders out of current or accumulated earnings and profits that we do not designate as capital gain distributions will generally be taken into account by stockholders as ordinary income and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporations. With limited exceptions, our distributions are not eligible for taxation at the preferential income tax rates for qualified distributions received by certain domestic stockholders that are individuals, trusts and estates from taxable C corporations. Such stockholders, however, are taxed at the preferential rates on distributions designated by and received from REITs to the extent that the distributions are attributable to:
| income retained by the REIT in the prior taxable year on which the REIT was subject to corporate level income tax (less the amount of tax); |
| distributions received by the REIT from TRSs or other taxable C corporations; or |
| income in the prior taxable year from the sales of built-in gain property acquired by the REIT from C corporations in carryover basis transactions (less the amount of corporate tax on such income). |
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Distributions that we designate as capital gain dividends will generally be taxed to our stockholders as long-term capital gains, to the extent that such distributions do not exceed our actual net capital gain for the taxable year, without regard to the period for which the stockholder that receives such distribution has held its stock. We may elect to retain and pay taxes on some or all of our net long-term capital gains, in which case provisions of the Internal Revenue Code will treat our stockholders as having received, solely for tax purposes, our undistributed capital gains, and the stockholders will receive a corresponding credit for taxes that we paid on such undistributed capital gains. See Taxation of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. Annual Distribution Requirements. Corporate stockholders may be required to treat up to 20% of some capital gain distributions as ordinary income. Long-term capital gains are generally taxable at maximum federal rates of 20% in the case of stockholders that are individuals, trusts and estates, and 35% in the case of stockholders that are corporations. Capital gains attributable to the sale of depreciable real property held for more than 12 months are subject to a 25% maximum federal income tax rate for taxpayers who are taxed as individuals, to the extent of previously claimed depreciation deductions.
Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will generally represent a return of capital and will not be taxable to a stockholder to the extent that the amount of such distributions do not exceed the adjusted basis of the stockholders shares in respect of which the distributions were made. Rather, the distribution will reduce the adjusted basis of the stockholders shares. To the extent that such distributions exceed the adjusted basis of a stockholders shares, the stockholder generally must include such distributions in income as long-term capital gain, or short-term capital gain if the shares have been held for one year or less. In addition, any distribution that we declare in October, November or December of any year and that is payable to a stockholder of record on a specified date in any such month will be treated as both paid by us and received by the stockholder on December 31 of such year, provided that we actually pay the distribution before the end of January of the following calendar year.
To the extent that we have available net operating losses and capital losses carried forward from prior tax years, such losses may reduce the amount of distributions that we must make in order to comply with the REIT distribution requirements. See Taxation of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.Annual Distribution Requirements. Such losses, however, are not passed through to stockholders and do not offset income of stockholders from other sources, nor would such losses affect the character of any distributions that we make, which are generally subject to tax in the hands of stockholders to the extent that we have current or accumulated earnings and profits.
If excess inclusion income from a taxable mortgage pool or REMIC residual interest is allocated to any stockholder, that income will be taxable in the hands of the stockholder and would not be offset by any net operating losses of the stockholder that would otherwise be available. See Taxation of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. Taxable Mortgage Pools and Excess Inclusion Income. As required by Internal Revenue Service guidance, we intend to notify our stockholders if a portion of a distribution paid by us is attributable to excess inclusion income.
Dispositions of Our Stock . In general, capital gains recognized by individuals, trusts and estates upon the sale or disposition of our stock will be subject to a maximum federal income tax rate of 20% if the stock is held for more than one year, and will be taxed at ordinary income rates if the stock is held for one year or less. Gains recognized by stockholders that are corporations are subject to federal income tax at a maximum rate of 35%, whether or not such gains are classified as long-term capital gains. Capital losses recognized by a stockholder upon the disposition of our stock that was held for more than one year at the time of disposition will be considered long-term capital losses, and are generally available only to offset capital gain income of the stockholder but not ordinary income (except in the case of individuals, who may offset up to $3,000 of ordinary income each year). In addition, any loss upon a sale or exchange of shares of our stock by a stockholder who has held the shares for six months or less, after applying holding period rules, will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of distributions that we make that are required to be treated by the stockholder as long-term capital gain.
If an investor recognizes a loss upon a subsequent disposition of our stock or other securities in an amount that exceeds a prescribed threshold, it is possible that the provisions of Treasury regulations involving reportable transactions could apply, with a resulting requirement to separately disclose the loss-generating transaction to the Internal Revenue Service. These regulations, though directed towards tax shelters, are broadly written and apply to transactions that would not typically be considered tax shelters. The Internal Revenue Code imposes significant penalties for failure to comply with these requirements. You should consult your tax advisor concerning any possible disclosure obligation with respect to the receipt or disposition of our stock or securities or transactions that we might undertake directly or indirectly. Moreover, you should be aware that we and other participants in the transactions in which we are involved (including their advisors) might be subject to disclosure or other requirements pursuant to these regulations.
Passive Activity Losses and Investment Interest Limitations . Distributions that we make and gain arising from the sale or exchange by a domestic stockholder of our stock will not be treated as passive activity income. As a result, stockholders will not be able to apply any passive losses against income or gain relating to our stock. To the extent that distributions we make do not constitute a return of capital, they will be treated as investment income for purposes of computing the investment interest limitation.
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Medicare Contribution Tax . For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012, U.S. stockholders who are individuals, estates or certain trusts will generally be required to pay a 3.8% Medicare tax on their net investment income (including dividends and gains from the disposition of our stock), or in the case of estates and trusts on their net investment income that is not distributed, in each case to the extent that their total adjusted income exceeds applicable thresholds.
Taxation of Foreign Stockholders
The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income and estate tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our stock applicable to non-U.S. holders. A non-U.S. holder is any person other than:
| a citizen or resident of the United States; |
| a corporation (or entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States, or of any state thereof, or the District of Columbia; |
| an estate, the income of which is includable in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of its source; or |
| a trust if a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust and one or more U.S. fiduciaries have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust. |
If a partnership, including for this purpose any entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, holds our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. An investor that is a partnership and the partners in such partnership should consult their tax advisors about the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our common stock.
The following discussion is based on current law, and is for general information only. It addresses only selected, and not all, aspects of U.S. federal income and estate taxation.
Ordinary Dividends . The portion of distributions received by non-U.S. holders (i) that is payable out of our earnings and profits, (ii) which is not attributable to our capital gains and (iii) which is not effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. holder, will be subject to U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30%, unless reduced or eliminated by treaty. Reduced treaty rates and other exemptions are not available to the extent that income is attributable to excess inclusion income allocable to the foreign stockholder. Accordingly, we will withhold at a rate of 30% on any portion of a distribution that is paid to a non-U.S. holder and attributable to that holders share of our excess inclusion income. See Taxation of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.Taxable Mortgage Pools and Excess Inclusion Income. As required by Internal Revenue Service guidance, we intend to notify our stockholders if a portion of a distribution paid by us is attributable to excess inclusion income.
In general, non-U.S. holders will not be considered to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business solely as a result of their ownership of our stock. In cases where the dividend income from a non-U.S. holders investment in our stock is, or is treated as, effectively connected with the non-U.S. holders conduct of a U.S. trade or business, the non-U.S. holder generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at graduated rates, in the same manner as domestic stockholders are taxed with respect to such distributions. Such income must generally be reported on a U.S. income tax return filed by or on behalf of the non-U.S. holder. The income may also be subject to the 30% branch profits tax in the case of a non-U.S. holder that is a corporation.
Non-Dividend Distributions . Unless our stock constitutes a U.S. real property interest (a USRPI), distributions that we make that are not out of our earnings and profits will not be subject to U.S. income tax. If we cannot determine at the time a distribution is made whether or not the distribution will exceed current and accumulated earnings and profits, the distribution will be subject to withholding at the rate applicable to ordinary dividends. The non-U.S. holder may seek a refund from the Internal Revenue Service of any amounts withheld if it is subsequently determined that the distribution was, in fact, in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits. If our stock constitutes a USRPI, as described below, distributions that we make to a non-U.S. holder that is not a qualified foreign pension plan in excess of the sum of (a) the stockholders proportionate share of our earnings and profits, plus (b) the stockholders basis in its stock, will be taxed under the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980, or FIRPTA, at the rate of tax, including any applicable capital gains rates, that would apply to a domestic stockholder of the same type (e.g., an individual or a corporation, as the case may be), and the collection of the tax will be enforced by a refundable withholding at a rate of 15% of the amount by which the distribution exceeds the stockholders share of our earnings and profits.
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Capital Gain Distributions . Under FIRPTA, a distribution that we make to a non-U.S. holder that is not a qualified foreign pension plan, to the extent attributable to gains from dispositions of USRPIs that we held directly or through pass-through subsidiaries, or USRPI capital gains, will, except as described below, be considered effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. holder and will be subject to U.S. income tax at the rates applicable to U.S. individuals or corporations, without regard to whether we designate the distribution as a capital gain distribution. See above under Taxation of Foreign StockholdersOrdinary Dividends, for a discussion of the consequences of income that is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. In addition, we will be required to withhold tax equal to 35% of the amount of distributions to the extent the distributions constitute USRPI capital gains. Distributions subject to FIRPTA may also be subject to a 30% branch profits tax in the hands of a non-U.S. holder that is a corporation which is not a qualified foreign pension plan. A distribution is not a USRPI capital gain if we held an interest in the underlying asset solely as a creditor. Capital gain distributions received by a non-U.S. holder that is not a qualified foreign pension plan that are attributable to dispositions of our assets other than USRPIs are not subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax, unless (i) the gain is effectively connected with the non-U.S. holders U.S. trade or business, in which case the non-U.S. holder would be subject to the same treatment as U.S. holders with respect to such gain, or (ii) the non-U.S. holder is a nonresident alien individual who was present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a tax home in the United States, in which case the non-U.S. holder will incur a 30% tax on his or her capital gains.
A capital gain distribution that would otherwise have been treated as a USRPI capital gain will not be so treated or be subject to FIRPTA, and generally will not be treated as income that is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business, and if (i) the capital gain distribution is received with respect to a class of stock that is regularly traded on an established securities market located in the United States, and (ii) the recipient non-U.S. holder does not own more than 10% of that class of stock at any time during the year ending on the date on which the capital gain distribution is received. At the time you purchase shares in this offering, our shares will not be publicly traded and we can give you no assurance that our shares will ever be publicly traded on an established securities market. Therefore, these rules will not apply to our capital gain distributions.
Dispositions of Our Stock . Unless our stock constitutes a USRPI, a sale of our stock by a non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. taxation under FIRPTA. Our stock will not be treated as a USRPI if less than 50% of our assets throughout a prescribed testing period consist of interests in real property located within the United States, excluding, for this purpose, interests in real property solely in a capacity as a creditor.
Even if the foregoing 50% test is not met, our stock nonetheless will not constitute a USRPI if we are a domestically-controlled qualified investment entity. A domestically-controlled qualified investment entity includes a REIT, less than 50% of value of which is held directly or indirectly by non-U.S. holders at all times during a specified testing period. We believe that we will be a domestically-controlled qualified investment entity, and that a sale of our stock should not be subject to taxation under FIRPTA. If our stock constitutes a USRPI and we do not constitute a domestically controlled qualified investment entity, but our stock becomes regularly traded, as defined by applicable Treasury Regulations, on an established securities market, a non-U.S. holders sale of our stock nonetheless would not be subject to tax under FIRPTA as a sale of a USRPI, provided that the selling non-U.S. holder held 10% or less of the outstanding stock at all times during a specified testing period. However, as mentioned above, we can give you no assurance that our shares will ever be publicly traded on an established securities market.
If gain on the sale of our stock were subject to taxation under FIRPTA, the non-U.S. holder would be required to file a U.S. federal income tax return and would be subject to the same treatment as a U.S. stockholder with respect to such gain, subject to applicable alternative minimum tax and a special alternative minimum tax in the case of non-resident alien individuals, and the purchaser of the stock could be required to withhold 15% of the purchase price and remit such amount to the Internal Revenue Service.
Gain from the sale of our stock that would not otherwise be subject to FIRPTA will nonetheless be taxable in the United States to a non-U.S. holder in two cases: (i) if the non-U.S. holders investment in our stock is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business conducted by such non-U.S. holder, the non-U.S. holder will be subject to the same treatment as a U.S. stockholder with respect to such gain, or (ii) if the non-U.S. holder is a nonresident alien individual who was present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a tax home in the United States, the nonresident alien individual will be subject to a 30% tax on the individuals capital gain. In addition, even if we are a domestically controlled qualified investment entity, upon disposition of our stock, a non-U.S. holder may be treated as having gain from the sale or exchange of a USRPI if the non-U.S. holder (i) disposes of our common stock within a 30-day period preceding the ex-dividend date of a distribution, any portion of which, but for the disposition, would have been treated as gain from the sale or exchange of a USRPI and (ii) acquires, or enters into a contract or option to acquire, other shares of our common stock within 30 days after such ex-dividend date.
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Estate Tax . If our stock is owned or treated as owned by an individual who is not a citizen or resident (as specially defined for U.S. federal estate tax purposes) of the United States at the time of such individuals death, the stock will be includable in the individuals gross estate for U.S. federal estate tax purposes, unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise, and may therefore be subject to U.S. federal estate tax.
Information Reporting Requirements and Backup Withholding for Non-U.S. Stockholders. Payments of dividends or of proceeds from the disposition of stock made to a non-U.S. holder may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding unless such holder establishes an exemption, for example, by properly certifying its non-U.S. status on an Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or another appropriate version of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8. Notwithstanding the foregoing, backup withholding and information reporting may apply if either we have, or our paying agent has actual knowledge or reason to know, that a non-U.S. holder is a United States person. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, the United States income tax liability of persons subject to backup withholding will be reduced by the amount of tax withheld. If withholding results in an overpayment of taxes, a refund or credit may be obtained, provided that the required information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.
New Legislation Relating to Foreign Accounts. The Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act (the HIRE Act), which was enacted in 2010, imposes a 30% withholding tax on certain types of payments made to foreign financial institutions and certain other non-U.S. entities unless certain due diligence, reporting, withholding, and certification obligations requirements are satisfied. The portion of the HIRE Act that provides for this withholding tax and related provisions is known as the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act or FATCA.
On January 17, 2013, final regulations under FATCA were published. As a general matter, FATCA imposes a 30% withholding tax on dividends on, and gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of, our shares if paid to a foreign entity unless either (i) the foreign entity is a foreign financial institution that undertakes certain due diligence, reporting, withholding, and certification obligations, (ii) the foreign entity is not a foreign financial institution and identifies certain of its U.S. investors, or (iii) the foreign entity otherwise is excepted under FATCA. Under delayed effective dates provided for in the final regulations, the required withholding does not begin until January 1, 2014 with respect to dividends on our shares and January 1, 2017 with respect to gross proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our shares.
If withholding is required under FATCA on a payment related to our stock, investors that otherwise would not be subject to withholding (or that otherwise would be entitled to a reduced rate of withholding) generally will be required to seek a refund or credit from the IRS to obtain the benefit of such exemption or reduction (provided that such benefit is available). We will not pay any additional amounts in respect of amounts withheld under FATCA. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect of FATCA in their particular circumstances.
Taxation of Tax-Exempt Stockholders
Tax-exempt entities, including qualified employee pension and profit sharing trusts and individual retirement accounts, generally are exempt from federal income taxation. However, they may be subject to taxation on their unrelated business taxable income, or UBTI. While some investments in real estate may generate UBTI, the Internal Revenue Service has ruled that dividend distributions from a REIT to a tax-exempt entity do not constitute UBTI. Based on that ruling, and provided that (i) a tax-exempt stockholder has not held our stock as debt financed property within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code (i.e., where the acquisition or holding of the property is financed through a borrowing by the tax-exempt stockholder), and (ii) our stock is not otherwise used in an unrelated trade or business, distributions that we make and income from the sale of our stock generally should not give rise to UBTI to a tax-exempt stockholder.
To the extent, however, that we are (or a part of us, or a disregarded subsidiary of ours, is) deemed to be a TMP, or if we hold residual interests in a REMIC, a portion of the distributions paid to a tax-exempt stockholder that is allocable to excess inclusion income may be treated as UBTI. We anticipate that our investments may generate excess inclusion income.
If excess inclusion income is allocable to some categories of tax-exempt stockholders that are not subject to UBTI, such as governmental investors, we will be subject to corporate level tax on such income, and, in that case, we are authorized to reduce and intend to reduce the amount of distributions to those stockholders whose ownership gave rise to the tax. See Taxation of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.Taxable Mortgage Pools and Excess Inclusion Income. As required by Internal Revenue Service guidance, we intend to notify our stockholders if a portion of a distribution paid by us is attributable to excess inclusion income.
Tax-exempt stockholders that are social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts, and qualified group legal services plans exempt from federal income taxation under Sections 501(c)(7), (c)(9), (c)(17) and (c)(20) of the Internal Revenue Code are subject to different UBTI rules, which generally require such stockholders to characterize distributions that we make as UBTI.
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In certain circumstances, a pension trust that owns more than 10% of our stock (by value) could be required to treat a percentage of its distributions as UBTI, if we are a pension-held REIT. We will not be a pension-held REIT unless either (i) one pension trust owns more than 25% of the value of our stock, or (ii) a group of pension trusts, each individually holding more than 10% of the value of our stock, collectively owns more than 50% of our stock. Certain restrictions on ownership and transfer of our stock should generally prevent a tax-exempt entity from owning more than 10% of the value of our stock and should generally prevent us from becoming a pension-held REIT.
Tax-exempt stockholders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the federal, state, local and foreign income and other tax consequences of owning our stock.
Foreign Investments
Taxes and similar impositions paid by us or our subsidiaries in foreign jurisdictions may not be passed through to, or used by, our stockholders as a foreign tax credit or otherwise. Such taxes and impositions will, however, generally be deductible by us against our taxable income. See Risk FactorsFederal Income Tax Risks.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
We will report to our domestic stockholders and the Internal Revenue Service the amount of dividends paid during each calendar year and the amount of any tax withheld. Under the backup withholding rules, a domestic stockholder may be subject to backup withholding with respect to dividends paid unless the holder is a corporation or comes within other exempt categories and, when required, demonstrates this fact or provides a taxpayer identification number or social security number, certifies as to no loss of exemption from backup withholding and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. A domestic stockholder that does not provide his or her correct taxpayer identification number or social security number may also be subject to penalties imposed by the Internal Revenue Service. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. In addition, we may be required to withhold a portion of a capital gain distribution to any domestic stockholder who fails to certify its non-foreign status.
We must report annually to the Internal Revenue Service and to each non-U.S. stockholder the amount of dividends paid to such holder and the tax withheld with respect to such dividends, regardless of whether withholding was required. Copies of the information returns reporting such dividends and withholding may also be made available to the tax authorities in the country in which the non-U.S. stockholder resides under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty. A non-U.S. stockholder may be subject to backup withholding unless applicable certification requirements are met.
Payment of the proceeds of a sale of our common stock within the U.S. is subject to both backup withholding and information reporting unless the beneficial owner certifies under penalties of perjury that it is a non-U.S. stockholder (and the payor does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the beneficial owner is a U.S. person) or the holder otherwise establishes an exemption. Payment of the proceeds of a sale of our common stock conducted through certain U.S. related financial intermediaries is subject to information reporting (but not backup withholding) unless the financial intermediary has documentary evidence in its records that the beneficial owner is a non-U.S. stockholder and specified conditions are met or an exemption is otherwise established. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against such holders U.S. federal income tax liability provided the required information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.
Other Tax Considerations
Legislative or Other Actions Affecting REITs
The rules dealing with federal income taxation are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process and by the Internal Revenue Service and the U.S. Treasury Department. Changes to the federal tax laws and interpretations thereof could adversely affect an investment in our stock.
State, Local and Foreign Taxes
We and our subsidiaries and stockholders may be subject to state, local or foreign taxation in various jurisdictions including those in which we or they transact business, own property or reside. We may own real property assets located in numerous jurisdictions, and may be required to file tax returns in some or all of those jurisdictions. Our state, local or foreign tax treatment and that of our stockholders may not conform to the federal income tax treatment discussed above. We may own foreign real estate assets and pay foreign property taxes, and dispositions of foreign property or operations involving, or investments in, foreign real estate assets may give rise to foreign income or other tax liability in amounts that could be substantial. Any foreign taxes that we incur do not pass through to stockholders as a credit against their U.S. federal income tax liability. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the application and effect of state, local and foreign income and other tax laws on an investment in our stock.
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The following is a summary of some considerations associated with an investment in our shares by a qualified employee pension benefit plan or an individual retirement account (IRA). This summary is based on provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) and the Internal Revenue Code, each as amended through the date of this prospectus, and the relevant regulations, opinions and other authority issued by the Department of Labor and the Internal Revenue Service. We cannot assure you that there will not be adverse tax or labor decisions or legislative, regulatory or administrative changes that would significantly modify the statements expressed herein. Any such changes may apply to transactions entered into prior to the date of their enactment.
Each fiduciary of an employee pension benefit plan subject to ERISA (such as a profit sharing, Section 401(k) or pension plan) or any other retirement plan or account subject to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code, such as an IRA, seeking to invest plan assets in our shares must consider, taking into account the facts and circumstances of each such plan or IRA (Benefit Plan), among other matters:
| whether the investment is consistent with the applicable provisions of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code; |
| whether, under the facts and circumstances pertaining to the Benefit Plan in question, the fiduciarys responsibility to the plan has been satisfied; |
| whether the investment will produce an unacceptable amount of unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) to the Benefit Plan (see Federal Income Tax Considerations Taxation of Stockholders Taxation of Tax-Exempt Stockholders); and |
| the need to value the assets of the Benefit Plan annually. |
Under ERISA, a plan fiduciarys responsibilities include the following duties:
| to act solely in the interest of plan participants and beneficiaries and for the exclusive purpose of providing benefits to them, as well as defraying reasonable expenses of plan administration; |
| to invest plan assets prudently; |
| to diversify the investments of the plan, unless it is clearly prudent not to do so; |
| to ensure sufficient liquidity for the plan; |
| to ensure that plan investments are made in accordance with plan documents; and |
| to consider whether an investment would constitute or give rise to a prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Internal Revenue Code. |
ERISA also requires that, with certain exceptions, the assets of an employee benefit plan be held in trust and that the trustee, or a duly authorized named fiduciary or investment manager, have exclusive authority and discretion to manage and control the assets of the plan.
Prohibited Transactions
Generally, both ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code prohibit Benefit Plans from engaging in certain transactions involving plan assets with specified parties, such as sales or exchanges or leasing of property, loans or other extensions of credit, furnishing goods or services, or transfers to, or use of, plan assets. The specified parties are referred to as parties-in-interest under ERISA and as disqualified persons under the Internal Revenue Code. These definitions generally include both parties owning threshold percentage interests in an investment entity and persons providing services to the Benefit Plan, as well as employer sponsors of the Benefit Plan, fiduciaries and other individuals or entities affiliated with the foregoing. For this purpose, a person generally is a fiduciary with respect to a Benefit Plan if, among other things, the person has discretionary authority or control with respect to plan assets or provides investment advice for a fee with respect to plan assets. Under Department of Labor regulations, a person shall be deemed to be providing investment advice if that person renders advice as to the advisability of investing in our shares, and that person regularly provides investment advice to the Benefit Plan pursuant to a mutual agreement or understanding that such advice will serve as the primary basis for investment decisions, and that the advice will be individualized for the Benefit Plan based on its particular needs. Thus, if we are deemed to hold plan assets, our management could be characterized as fiduciaries with respect to such assets, and each would be deemed to be a party-in-interest under ERISA and a disqualified person under the Internal Revenue Code with respect to investing Benefit Plans. Whether or not we are deemed to hold plan assets, if we or our affiliates are affiliated with a Benefit Plan investor, we might be a disqualified person or party-in-interest with respect to such Benefit Plan investor, resulting in a prohibited transaction merely upon investment by such Benefit Plan in our shares.
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Plan Asset Considerations
In order to determine whether an investment in our shares by a Benefit Plan creates or gives rise to the potential for either prohibited transactions or a commingling of assets as referred to above, a fiduciary must consider whether an investment in our shares will cause our assets to be treated as assets of the investing Benefit Plan. Section 3(42) of ERISA defines the term plan assets to mean plan assets as defined in regulations (the Plan Assets Regulation) promulgated by the Department of Labor. These regulations provide guidelines as to whether, and under what circumstances, the underlying assets of an entity will be deemed to constitute assets of a Benefit Plan when the plan invests in that entity. Under the Plan Assets Regulation, the assets of an entity in which a Benefit Plan makes an equity investment will generally be deemed to be assets of the Benefit Plan, unless one of the exceptions to this general rule applies.
In the event that our underlying assets were treated as the assets of investing Benefit Plans, our management would be treated as fiduciaries with respect to each Benefit Plan stockholder and an investment in our shares might constitute an ineffective delegation of fiduciary responsibility to Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC, our advisor, and expose the fiduciary of the Benefit Plan to co-fiduciary liability under ERISA for any breach by our advisor of the fiduciary duties mandated under ERISA. Further, if our assets are deemed to be plan assets, an investment by an IRA in our shares might be deemed to result in an impermissible commingling of IRA assets with other property.
If our advisor or its affiliates were treated as fiduciaries with respect to Benefit Plan stockholders, the prohibited transaction restrictions of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code would apply to any transaction involving our assets. These restrictions could, for example, require that we avoid transactions with persons that are affiliated with or related to us or our affiliates or require that we restructure our activities in order to obtain an administrative exemption from the prohibited transaction restrictions. Alternatively, we might have to provide Benefit Plan stockholders with the opportunity to sell their shares to us or we might dissolve.
If a prohibited transaction were to occur, the Internal Revenue Code imposes an excise tax equal to 15% of the amount involved and authorizes the Internal Revenue Service to impose an additional 100% excise tax if the prohibited transaction is not corrected in a timely manner. These taxes would be imposed on any disqualified person who participates in the prohibited transaction. In addition, our advisor and possibly other fiduciaries of Benefit Plan stockholders subject to ERISA who permitted the prohibited transaction to occur or who otherwise breached their fiduciary responsibilities (or a non-fiduciary participating in a prohibited transaction) could be required to restore to the Benefit Plan any profits they realized as a result of the transaction or breach and make good to the Benefit Plan any losses incurred by the Benefit Plan as a result of the transaction or breach. With respect to an IRA that invests in our shares, the occurrence of a prohibited transaction involving the individual who established the IRA, or his or her beneficiary, would cause the IRA to lose its tax-exempt status under Section 408(e)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code.
The Plan Assets Regulation provides that the underlying assets of an entity such as a REIT will be treated as assets of a Benefit Plan investing therein unless the entity satisfies one of the exceptions to the general rule. We believe that we will satisfy one or more of the exceptions.
Exception for Publicly-Offered Securities. If a Benefit Plan acquires publicly-offered securities, the assets of the issuer of the securities will not be deemed to be plan assets under the Plan Assets Regulation. A publicly-offered security must be:
| sold as part of a public offering registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and be part of a class of securities registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within a specified time period; |
| part of a class of securities that is owned by 100 or more persons who are independent of the issuer and one another; and |
| freely transferable. |
Our shares are being sold as part of an offering of securities to the public pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933 and are part of a class that will be registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 within the specified period. In addition, we anticipate having in excess of 100 independent stockholders; however, having 100 independent stockholders is not a condition to our selling shares in this offering.
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Whether a security is freely transferable depends upon the particular facts and circumstances. The Plan Assets Regulation provides several examples of restrictions on transferability that, absent unusual circumstances, will not prevent the rights of ownership in question from being considered freely transferable if the minimum investment is $10,000 or less. Where the minimum investment in a public offering of securities is $10,000 or less, the presence of the following restrictions on transfer will not ordinarily affect a determination that such securities are freely transferable:
| any restriction on, or prohibition against, any transfer or assignment that would either result in a termination or reclassification of the entity for federal or state tax purposes or that would violate any state or federal statute, regulation, court order, judicial decree or rule of law; |
| any requirement that not less than a minimum number of shares or units of such security be transferred or assigned by any investor, provided that such requirement does not prevent transfer of all of the then remaining shares or units held by an investor; |
| any prohibition against transfer or assignment of such security or rights in respect thereof to an ineligible or unsuitable investor; and |
| any requirement that reasonable transfer or administrative fees be paid in connection with a transfer or assignment. |
Our structure has been established with the intent to satisfy the freely transferable requirement set forth in the Plan Assets Regulation with respect to our shares, although there is no assurance that our shares will meet such requirement. Our shares are subject to certain restrictions on transfer intended to ensure that we continue to qualify for federal income tax treatment as a REIT and to comply with state securities laws and regulations with respect to investor suitability. The minimum investment in our shares is less than $10,000; thus, these restrictions should not cause the shares to be deemed not freely transferable.
If our common stock is held by 100 or more independent stockholders, and assuming that no other facts and circumstances other than those referred to in the preceding paragraphs exist that restrict transferability of shares of our common stock and the offering takes place as described in this prospectus, shares of our common stock should constitute publicly-offered securities and, accordingly, we believe that our underlying assets should not be considered plan assets under the Plan Assets Regulation.
Exception for Insignificant Participation by Benefit Plan Investors. The Plan Assets Regulation provides that the assets of an entity will not be deemed to be the assets of a Benefit Plan if equity participation in the entity by employee benefit plans, including Benefit Plans, is not significant. The Plan Assets Regulation provides that equity participation in an entity by Benefit Plan investors is significant if at any time 25% or more of the value of any class of equity interest is held by Benefit Plan investors. The term Benefit Plan investors is defined for this purpose under ERISA Section 3(42) and includes any employee benefit plan subject to Part 4 of Subtitle B of Title I of ERISA, any plan subject Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code, and any entity whose underlying assets include plan assets by reasons of a plans investment in such entity. In calculating the value of a class of equity interests, the value of any equity interests held by us or any of our affiliates must be excluded. It is not clear whether we will qualify for this exception since we do expect to have equity participation by Benefit Plan investors that may be in excess of 25%, which would be deemed to be significant, as defined above.
Other Prohibited Transactions
Regardless of whether the shares qualify for the publicly-offered securities exception of the Plan Assets Regulation, a prohibited transaction could occur if we, our advisor, any selected broker-dealer or any of their affiliates is a fiduciary (within the meaning of Section 3(21) of ERISA) with respect to any Benefit Plan purchasing our shares. Accordingly, unless an administrative or statutory exemption applies, shares should not be purchased by a Benefit Plan with respect to which any of the above persons is a fiduciary.
Annual Valuation
A fiduciary of an employee benefit plan subject to ERISA is required to determine annually the fair market value of each asset of the plan as of the end of the plans fiscal year and to file a report reflecting that value with the Department of Labor. When the fair market value of any particular asset is not available, the fiduciary is required to make a good faith determination of that assets fair market value, assuming an orderly liquidation at the time the determination is made. In addition, a trustee or custodian of an IRA must provide an IRA participant with a statement of the value of the IRA each year. Failure to satisfy these requirements may result in penalties, damages or other sanctions.
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Unless and until our shares are listed on a national securities exchange, we do not expect that a public market for our shares will develop. To date, neither the Internal Revenue Service nor the Department of Labor has promulgated regulations specifying how a plan fiduciary or IRA custodian should determine the fair market value of shares when the fair market value of such shares is not determined in the marketplace.
When determining the estimated value of our shares of each class on each valuation date , the estimated value of our shares of each class may be based upon a number of assumptions that may not be accurate or complete. The valuations are estimates and consequently should not necessarily be viewed as an accurate reflection of the fair value of our investments nor will they necessarily represent the amount of net proceeds that would result from an immediate sale of our assets.
The foregoing requirements of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code are complex and subject to change. Plan fiduciaries and the beneficial owners of IRAs are urged to consult with their own advisors regarding an investment in our shares.
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Our charter authorizes the issuance of 450,000,000 shares of capital stock, of which 400,000,000 shares are designated as common stock with a par value of $0.01 per share, including 160,000,000 shares classified as Class A Shares, 200,000,000 shares classified as Class T Shares and 40,000,000 classified as Class I Shares, and 50,000,000 shares are designated as preferred stock with a par value of $0.01 per share. In addition, our board of directors may amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of authorized shares of stock or the number of authorized shares of stock of any class or series. As of August 31, 2016, 8,180 Class A Shares are issued and outstanding, and no Class T Shares, Class I Shares or shares of preferred stock are issued and outstanding. Our board of directors may classify or reclassify any unissued shares of our stock from time-to-time into one or more classes or series; provided, however, that the voting rights per share (other than any publicly held share) sold in a private offering shall not exceed the voting rights which bear the same relationship to the voting rights of publicly held shares as the consideration paid to us for each privately offered share bears to the book value of each outstanding publicly held share.
Common Stock
Subject to the restrictions on transfer and ownership of shares of stock contained in our charter and except as may otherwise be specified in our charter, the holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters submitted to a stockholder vote, including the election of our directors. Our charter does not provide for cumulative voting in the election of our directors. Therefore, the holders of a majority of our outstanding common stock can elect our entire board of directors. Except as our charter may provide with respect to any class or series of preferred stock that we may issue in the future, the holders of our common stock will possess exclusive voting power.
Holders of our common stock will be entitled to receive such distributions as authorized from time to time by our board of directors and declared by us out of legally available funds, subject to any preferential rights of any preferred stock that we issue in the future. In any liquidation, each outstanding share of common stock entitles its holder to share (based on the percentage of shares held) in the assets that remain after we pay our liabilities and any preferential distributions owed to preferred stockholders. Holders of shares of our common stock will not have preemptive rights, which means that you will not have an automatic option to purchase any new shares that we issue, nor will holders of our shares of common stock have any preference, conversion, exchange, sinking fund or redemption rights. Holders of shares of our common stock will not have any appraisal rights unless our board of directors, upon such terms and conditions as may be specified by the board of directors, determines that appraisal rights apply, with respect to all or any classes or series of stock, to one or more transactions occurring after the date of such determination in connection with which holders of shares of our common stock would otherwise be entitled to exercise appraisal rights. Our common stock shall be non-assessable by us upon our receipt of the consideration for which our board of directors authorized its issuance. Stockholders are not liable for our acts or obligations.
Our board of directors has authorized the issuance of shares of our stock without certificates. We expect that, until our shares are listed on a national securities exchange, we will not issue shares in certificated form. Information regarding restrictions on the transferability of our shares that, under Maryland law, would otherwise have been required to appear on our stock certificates will instead be furnished to stockholders upon request and without charge. These requests should be delivered or mailed to:
| Regular mail: Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., PO Box 219206, Kansas City, MO 64121-9206. |
| Overnight mail: Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., c/o DST Systems, Inc., 430 W. 7 th Street, STE 219206, Kansas City, MO 64105. |
| Telephone: 855-9-CANTOR. |
We maintain a stock ledger that contains the name and address of each stockholder and the number of shares that the stockholder holds. With respect to uncertificated stock, we will continue to treat the stockholder registered on our stock ledger as the owner of the shares until the new owner delivers a properly executed form to us, which form we will provide to any registered holder upon request.
Class A Shares
Each Class A Share will be subject to a selling commission of 6.0 % of the price per share and a dealer manager fee of 3.0% of the price per share. Our sponsor has agreed to pay a portion of the underwriting compensation in an amount up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds, consisting of a portion of the selling commissions in the amount of 1.0%, and all of the dealer manager fees in the amount of 3.0%, of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class A Shares , subject to a reimbursement under certain circumstances . See Management Compensation Reimbursement of Certain Offering Expenses to Our Sponsor for additional information regarding the reimbursement. Certain purchasers of Class A Shares may be eligible for volume or other discounts. See Plan of Distribution for additional information. Class A Shares are available for purchase to the general public.
There are no distribution fees payable with respect to the Class A Shares.
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Class T Shares
Each Class T Share will be subject to a selling commission of 3.0% of the price per share and a dealer manager fee of 3.0% of the price per share. Our sponsor has agreed to pay a portion of the underwriting compensation in an amount up to 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds, consisting of a portion of the selling commissions in the amount of 1.0%, and all of the dealer manager fees in the amount of 3.0%, of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class T Shares subject to a reimbursement under certain circumstances . Certain purchasers of Class T Shares may be eligible for volume or other discounts. See Management Compensation Reimbursement of Certain Offering Expenses to Our Sponsor for additional information regarding the reimbursement. Class T Shares are available for purchase to the general public.
In addition, we will pay our dealer manager an ongoing distribution fee, which accrues daily and is calculated on outstanding Class T Shares issued in the primary offering in an amount equal to 1.0% per annum of (i) the current gross offering price per Class T Share, or (ii) if we are no longer offering shares in a public offering, the most recently published per share NAV of Class T Shares . The ongoing distribution fees with respect to Class T Shares are deferred and paid on a monthly basis continuously from year to year. We will not pay any selling commissions, dealer manager fees or distribution fees on shares sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. The amount available for distributions on all Class T Shares will be reduced by the amount of distribution fees payable with respect to the Class T Shares issued in the primary offering. All Class T Shares will receive the same per share distributions.
We will cease paying distribution fees with respect to each Class T Share, including any Class T Shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, on the earliest to occur of the following: (i) a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange; (ii) such Class T Share no longer being outstanding; (iii) the dealer managers determination that total underwriting compensation from all sources, including dealer manager fees, sales commissions (including sponsor support of 1.0 % of selling commissions and all of the dealer manager fees ), distribution fees and any other underwriting compensation paid to participating broker dealers with respect to all Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares would be in excess of 10% of the gross proceeds of the primary portion of this offering; or (iv) the end of the month in which the transfer agent, on our behalf, determines that total underwriting compensation, including dealer manager fees, sales commissions (including sponsor support of 4.0% of selling commissions and dealer manager fees), distribution fees and any other underwriting compensation paid to participating broker dealers with respect to the Class T Shares held by a stockholder within his or her particular account would be in excess of 10% of the total gross investment amount at the time of purchase of the primary Class T Shares held in such account. We cannot predict if or when this will occur. All Class T Shares will automatically convert into Class A Shares upon a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange. With respect to item (iv) above, all of the Class T Shares held in a stockholders account will automatically convert into Class A Shares as of the last calendar day of the month in which the transfer agent determines that the 10% limit on a particular Class T Share account was reached. With respect to the conversion of Class T Shares into Class A Shares, each Class T Share will convert into an equivalent number of Class A Shares based on the respective net asset value per share for each class. We currently expect that the conversion will be on a one-for-one basis, as we expect the net asset value per share of each Class A Share and Class T Share to be the same, except in the unlikely event that the distribution fees payable by us exceed the amount otherwise available for distribution to holders of Class T Shares in a particular period (prior to the deduction of the distribution fees), in which case the excess will be accrued as a reduction to the net asset value per share of each Class T Share. In the case of a Class T Share purchased in the primary offering at a price equal to $ 25.52, the maximum distribution fee that may be paid on that Class T Share, depending on other underwriting expenses, will be equal to approximately $ 1.02 per share, assuming a constant per share offering price or NAV per share , as applicable, of $ 25.52 per Class T Share. Although we cannot predict the length of time over which the distribution fee will be paid due to potential changes in the estimated net asset value of our Class T Shares, this fee would be paid over approximately 4 years from the date of purchase, assuming a constant per share offering price or estimated net asset value, as applicable, of $ 25.52 per Class T Share. If a stockholders account includes Class T Shares and the stockholder makes a subsequent purchase of Class T Shares in the primary offering in the same stockholder account, the total underwriting compensation limit will be based on the total number of primary offering Class T Shares in the account and the distribution fees will be calculated on all of the primary offering Class T Shares in the account, such that the conversion of the Class T Shares from the initial purchase will be delayed and the accrual of the distribution fees and the conversion of the Class T Shares with respect to the subsequent purchase will happen on a more accelerated basis than would have been the case if the stockholder had made the subsequent purchase in a separate account. Stockholders may elect to make subsequent purchases in a separate account.
The per share amount of distributions on Class A Shares and Class I Shares will differ from Class T Shares because of different class-specific expenses. Specifically, distribution amounts paid with respect to all Class T Shares will be lower than those paid with respect to Class A Shares and Class I Shares because the amount available for distributions on all Class T Shares will be reduced by the amount of distribution fees payable with respect to the Class T Shares issued in the primary offering.
In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, merger, dissolution or winding up of us, or any liquidating distribution of our assets, then such assets, or the proceeds therefrom, will be distributed between the holders of Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares in proportion to the respective NAV per share for each class until the NAV per share for each class has been paid. We will calculate the NAV per share as a whole for all Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares and then will determine any differences
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attributable to each class. Class T Shares may have a different NAV per share than Class A Shares and Class I Shares because Class T Shares are subject to the distribution fee . Each holder of shares of a particular class of common stock will be entitled to receive, proportionately with each other holder of shares of such class, that portion of the aggregate assets available for distribution to such class as the number of outstanding shares of the class held by such holder bears to the total number of outstanding shares of such class then outstanding.
Class I Shares
Each Class I Share will be subject to a dealer manager fee of 1.5 % of the price per share. Our sponsor has agreed to pay all of the dealer manager fees in the amount of 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds in the primary offering for Class I Shares subject to a reimbursement under certain circumstances. There are no selling commissions or distribution fees payable with respect to the Class I Shares.
Class I Shares are available for purchase in this offering only (1) by institutional accounts as defined by FINRA Rule 4512(c), (2) through bank-sponsored collective trusts and bank-sponsored common trusts, (3) by retirement plans (including a trustee or custodian under any deferred compensation or pension or profit sharing plan or payroll deduction IRA established for the benefit of the employees of any company), foundations or endowments, (4) through certain financial intermediaries that are not otherwise registered with or as a broker-dealer and that direct clients to trade with a broker-dealer that offers Class I Shares, (5) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act as a fiduciary for its clients or customers, (6) by our sponsor, our advisor, our executive officers and directors, as well as officers and employees of our sponsor and our advisor and our sponsors and advisors affiliates and their respective immediate family members and (7) by any other categories of purchasers described in the section titled Plan of Distribution or that we name in an amendment or supplement to this prospectus. If you are eligible to purchase any of the classes of shares, you should consider, among other things, the amount of your investment, the length of time you intend to hold the shares, the selling commission and fees attributable to each class of shares and whether you qualify for any selling commission discounts if you elect to purchase Class A Shares. Before making your investment decision, please consult with your financial advisor regarding your account type and the classes of common stock you may be eligible to purchase.
Preferred Stock
Our charter authorizes our board of directors to designate and issue one or more classes or series of preferred stock without approval of our common stockholders. Our board of directors may determine the preferences, conversion and other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption of each class or series of preferred stock so issued, which may be more beneficial than the rights, preferences and privileges attributable to our common stock. The issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control. Our board of directors has no present plans to issue preferred stock but may do so at any time in the future without stockholder approval.
Meetings and Special Voting Requirements
An annual meeting of our stockholders will be held each year, at least 30 days after delivery of our annual report. Special meetings of stockholders may be called by a majority of our directors, a majority of our independent directors, our chairman of the board, our chief executive officer and our president and must be called by our secretary to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of stockholders upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast at least 10% of the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at the special meeting. Upon receipt of a written request of such stockholders stating the purpose of the special meeting, our secretary will provide all of our stockholders written notice of the meeting and the purpose of such meeting within ten days after receipt of such request. The meeting must be held not less than 15 days or more than 60 days after the distribution of the notice of the meeting, at a time and place specified in the request, or if none is specified, at a time and place convenient to stockholders. The presence in person or by proxy of stockholders entitled to cast 50% of all the votes entitled to be cast at any stockholder meeting constitutes a quorum. Unless otherwise provided by the Maryland General Corporation Law or our charter, the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes cast is necessary to take stockholder action. With respect to the election of directors, each candidate nominated for election to the board of directors must receive a majority of the votes present, in person or by proxy, in order to be elected. Therefore, if a nominee receives fewer for votes than withhold votes in an election, then the nominee will not be elected.
Under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation generally cannot dissolve, amend its charter, merge, convert, sell all or substantially all of its assets, engage in a share exchange or engage in similar transactions outside the ordinary course of business, unless approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast at least two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. However, a Maryland corporation may provide in its charter for approval of these matters by a lesser percentage, but not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our charter provides for approval of these matters by a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.
The term of our advisory agreement with our advisor will end after one year but may be renewed for an unlimited number of successive one-year periods upon the mutual consent of our advisor and us. Our independent directors will annually review our advisory agreement
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with our advisor. While the stockholders do not have the ability to vote to replace our advisor or to select a new advisor, stockholders do have the ability, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of directors, to remove a director from our board.
Advance Notice for Stockholder Nominations for Directors and Proposals of New Business
Our bylaws provide that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of individuals for election to our board of directors and the proposal of business to be considered by stockholders may be made only (i) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of our board of directors or (iii) by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record at the record date set by our board of directors for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, at the time of giving the advance notice required by our bylaws and at the time of the meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated or on any such other business and who has complied with the advance notice procedures of our bylaws. With respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in our notice of the meeting may be brought before the meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to our board of directors at a special meeting may be made only (i) by or at the direction of our board of directors or (ii) provided that the special meeting has been called in accordance with our bylaws for the purpose of electing directors, by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record at the record date set by our board of directors for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, at the time of giving the advance notice required by our bylaws and at the time of the meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated and who has complied with the advance notice provisions of our bylaws. Failure to comply with the notice provisions will make stockholders unable to nominate directors or propose new business.
Restriction on Ownership of Shares
Ownership Limit
To maintain our REIT qualification, not more than 50% in value of our outstanding shares may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (including certain entities treated as individuals under the Internal Revenue Code) during the last half of each taxable year. In addition, at least 100 persons who are independent of us and each other must beneficially own our outstanding shares for at least 335 days per 12-month taxable year or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year. Each of the two requirements specified in the two preceding sentences shall not apply to any period prior to the second year for which we elect to be taxed as a REIT. We may prohibit certain acquisitions and transfers of shares so as to ensure our continued qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code. However, we cannot assure you that this prohibition will be effective.
To help ensure that we meet these tests, our charter prohibits any person or group of persons from acquiring, directly or indirectly, beneficial ownership of more than 9.8% in value of the aggregate of our outstanding shares of stock or more than 9.8% in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the aggregate of our outstanding shares of common stock unless exempted (prospectively or retroactively) by our board of directors. Our board of directors may waive this ownership limit with respect to a particular person if the board receives evidence, including certain representations and undertakings required by our charter, that ownership in excess of the limit will not jeopardize our REIT status. For purposes of this provision, we treat corporations, partnerships and other entities as single persons.
Any attempted transfer of our shares that, if effective, would result in our stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons will be null and void and the proposed transferee will acquire no rights in such stock. Any attempted transfer of our stock which, if effective, would result in violation of the ownership limit discussed above or in our being closely held under Section 856(h) of the Internal Revenue Code or otherwise failing to qualify as a REIT will cause the number of shares causing the violation (rounded up to the nearest whole share) to be automatically transferred to a trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more charitable beneficiaries. The prohibited transferee will not acquire any rights in the shares. The automatic transfer will be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the attempted transfer. We will designate a trustee of the trust that will not be affiliated with us or the prohibited transferee. We will also name one or more charitable organizations as a beneficiary of the share trust.
Shares held in trust will remain issued and outstanding shares and will be entitled to the same rights and privileges as all other shares of the same class or series. The prohibited transferee will not benefit economically from any of the shares held in trust, will not have any rights to dividends or distributions and will not have the right to vote or any other rights attributable to the shares held in the trust. The trustee will receive all dividends and other distributions on the shares held in trust and will hold such dividends or other distributions in trust for the benefit of the charitable beneficiary. The trustee may vote any shares held in trust and, subject to Maryland law, will have the authority (i) to rescind as void any vote cast by the proposed transferee prior to our discovery that the shares have been transferred to the trust and (ii) to recast the vote in accordance with the desires of the trustee acting for the benefit of the charitable beneficiary. However, if we have already taken irreversible corporate action, then the trustee will not have the authority to rescind and recast the vote.
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Within 20 days of receiving notice from us that shares have been transferred to the trust for the charitable beneficiary, the trustee will sell those shares to a person designated by the trustee whose ownership of the shares will not violate the above restrictions. Upon the sale, the interest of the charitable beneficiary in the shares sold will terminate and the trustee will distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the prohibited transferee and to the charitable beneficiary as follows. The prohibited transferee will receive the lesser of (i) the price paid by the prohibited transferee for the shares or, if the prohibited transferee did not give value for the shares in connection with the event causing the shares to be held in the trust ( e.g. , a gift, devise or other similar transaction), the market price (as defined in our charter) of the shares on the day of the event causing the shares to be held in the trust and (ii) the price received by the trustee from the sale or other disposition of the shares. The trustee may reduce the amount payable to the prohibited transferee by the amount of dividends and other distributions which have been paid to the prohibited transferee and are owed by the prohibited transferee to the trustee. Any net sale proceeds in excess of the amount payable to the prohibited transferee will be paid immediately to the charitable beneficiary. If, prior to our discovery that shares have been transferred to the trust, the shares are sold by the prohibited transferee, then (i) the shares shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the trust and (ii) to the extent that the prohibited transferee received an amount for the shares that exceeds the amount he was entitled to receive, the excess shall be paid to the trustee upon demand.
In addition, shares held in the trust for the charitable beneficiary will be deemed to have been offered for sale to us, or our designee, at a price per share equal to the lesser of (i) the price per share in the transaction that resulted in the transfer to the trust (or, in the case of a devise or gift, the market price at the time of the devise or gift) and (ii) the market price on the date we, or our designee, accept the offer. We will have the right to accept the offer until the trustee has sold the shares. Upon a sale to us, the interest of the charitable beneficiary in the shares sold will terminate and the trustee will distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the prohibited transferee. We may reduce the amount payable to the prohibited transferee by the amount of dividends and other distributions which have been paid to the prohibited transferee and are owed by the prohibited transferee to the trustee. We may pay the amount of such reduction to the trustee for the benefit of the charitable beneficiary.
Any person who acquires or attempts to acquire shares in violation of the foregoing restrictions or who would have owned the shares that were transferred to any such trust must give us immediate written notice of such event, and any person who proposes or attempts to acquire or receive shares in violation of the foregoing restrictions must give us at least 15 days written notice prior to such transaction. In both cases, such persons shall provide to us such other information as we may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such transfer on our status as a REIT.
The foregoing restrictions will continue to apply until our board of directors determines it is no longer in our best interest to continue to qualify as a REIT or that compliance is no longer required for REIT qualification. The ownership limit does not apply to any underwriter in an offering of our shares or to a person or persons exempted (prospectively or retroactively) from the ownership limit by our board of directors based upon appropriate assurances, including certain representations and undertakings required by our charter, that our qualification as a REIT would not be jeopardized.
Within 30 days after the end of each taxable year, every owner of more than 5% of our outstanding stock will be asked to deliver to us a statement setting forth the number of shares owned directly or indirectly by such person and a description of how such person holds the shares. Each such owner shall also provide us with such additional information as we may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of his or her beneficial ownership on our status as a REIT and to ensure compliance with our ownership limit.
These restrictions could delay, defer or prevent a transaction or change in control of our company that might involve a premium price for our shares of common stock or otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders.
Suitability Standards and Minimum Purchase Requirements
State securities laws and our charter require that purchasers of our common stock meet standards regarding (i) net worth or income and (ii) minimum purchase amounts. These standards are described above at Suitability Standards immediately following the cover page of this prospectus and below at Plan of Distribution Minimum Purchase Requirements. Subsequent purchasers, i.e., potential purchasers of your shares, must also meet the net worth or income standards, and unless you are transferring all of your shares, you may not transfer our shares in a manner that causes you or your transferee to own fewer than the number of shares required to meet the minimum purchase requirements, except for the following transfers without consideration: transfers by gift, transfers by inheritance, intrafamily transfers, family dissolutions, transfers to affiliates and transfers by operation of law. These suitability and minimum purchase requirements are applicable until our shares of common stock are listed on a national securities exchange, and these requirements may make it more difficult for you to sell your shares.
Distributions
We intend to accrue and pay cash distributions monthly beginning no later than the first calendar quarter after the quarter in which we make our first investment. Our charter also permits us to pay distributions using shares of our common stock in the sole discretion of our board of directors. We expect to authorize and declare distributions based on daily record dates that will be aggregated and paid on a monthly basis in order for investors to generally begin receiving distributions immediately upon our acceptance of their subscription.
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Distributions will be made on all classes of our common stock at the same time. The per share amount of distributions on Class A, Class T and Class I Shares will likely differ because of the different class-specific expenses. Specifically, the distribution fees payable with respect to Class T Shares are likely to cause the amount of funds available for distributions with respect to Class T Shares to be lower than the amount of funds available for distributions with respect to Class A and Class I Shares.
We are required to make distributions sufficient to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. Generally, income distributed will not be taxable to us under the Internal Revenue Code if we distribute at least 90% of our taxable income each year (computed without regard to the distributions paid deduction and our net capital gain). Distributions will be authorized at the discretion of our board of directors, in accordance with our income, cash flow and general financial condition. Our board of directors discretion will be directed, in substantial part, by its obligation to cause us to comply with the REIT requirements. Because we may receive income from interest or rents at various times during our fiscal year and because we may need cash flow from operations during a particular period to repurchase shares of our common stock, our ability to make distributions may be negatively impacted and, distributions may not reflect our income earned in that particular distribution period and may be made in advance of actual receipt of funds in an attempt to make distributions relatively uniform. We are authorized to borrow money, issue new securities or sell assets to make distributions. There are no restrictions on the ability of our operating partnership to transfer funds to us.
In addition to cash distributions, our board of directors may authorize special stock dividends or special distributions of other securities. We are not prohibited from distributing such other securities in lieu of making cash distributions to stockholders provided that the securities distributed to stockholders are readily marketable. The receipt of marketable securities in lieu of cash distributions may cause stockholders to incur transaction expenses in liquidating the securities. We do not have any current intention to list the shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange, nor is it expected that a public market for the shares of common stock will develop.
Generally, our policy is to pay distributions from cash flow from operations. However, we can give no assurance that we will pay distributions solely from our cash flow from operations in the future, especially during the period when we are raising capital and have not yet acquired a substantial portfolio of investments. Our organizational documents permit us to pay distributions to our stockholders from any source, including from borrowings, sale of assets and from offering proceeds or we may make distributions in the form of taxable stock dividends. We have not established a cap on the use of proceeds to fund distributions.
Under the terms of our distribution support agreement, if the cash distributions we pay for any calendar quarter exceed our MFFO for such quarter, our sponsor may purchase Class I Shares following the end of such calendar quarter for a purchase price equal to the amount by which the distributions paid on such shares exceed our MFFO for such quarter. In such instance, we may be paying distributions from proceeds of the shares purchased by our sponsor or its affiliates, not from cash flow from our operations. Class I Shares purchased by our sponsor pursuant to the distribution support agreement will be eligible to receive all distributions payable by us with respect to Class I Shares.
We define MFFO in accordance with the definition established by the IPA. Our computation of MFFO may not be comparable to other REITs that do not calculate MFFO using the current IPA definition. MFFO is calculated using FFO. We expect to compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by NAREIT, as net income or loss (computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP), excluding gains or losses from sales of depreciable properties, the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, real estate-related depreciation and amortization, impairment charges on depreciable property owned directly or indirectly and after adjustments for unconsolidated/uncombined partnerships and joint ventures. FFO, as defined by NAREIT, is a computation made by analysts and investors to measure a real estate companys cash flow generated by operations. Our computation of FFO may not be comparable to other REITs that do not calculate FFO in accordance with the current NAREIT definition. MFFO excludes from FFO the following items:
| acquisition fees and expenses; |
| straight-line rent and amortization of above or below intangible lease assets and liabilities; |
| amortization of discounts, premiums and fees on debt investments; |
| non-recurring impairment of real estate-related investments; |
| realized gains (losses) from the early extinguishment of debt; |
| realized gains (losses) on the extinguishment or sales of hedges, foreign exchange, securities and other derivative holdings except where the trading of such instruments is a fundamental attribute of our business; |
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| unrealized gains (losses) from fair value adjustments on real estate securities, including CMBS and other securities, interest rate swaps and other derivatives not deemed hedges and foreign exchange holdings; |
| unrealized gains (losses) from the consolidation from, or deconsolidation to, equity accounting; |
| adjustments related to contingent purchase price obligations; and |
| adjustments for consolidated and unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures calculated to reflect MFFO on the same basis as above. |
FFO and MFFO should not be considered as an alternative to net income (determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP) as an indication of performance. In addition, FFO and MFFO do not represent cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP and are not a measure of liquidity. FFO and MFFO should be considered in conjunction with reported net income and cash flows from operations computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP, as presented in the financial statements.
The purchase of shares will increase our sponsors and/or certain of its affiliates ownership percentage of our common stock, thereby causing dilution of the ownership percentage of our public stockholders.
We have not established a minimum distribution level, and our charter does not require that we make distributions to our stockholders.
Inspection of Books and Records
As a part of our books and records, we will maintain at our principal office an alphabetical list of the names of our common stockholders, along with their addresses and telephone numbers and the number of shares of common stock held by each of them. We will update this stockholder list at least quarterly and it will be available for inspection at our principal office by a common stockholder or his or her designated agent upon request of the stockholder. We will also mail this list to any common stockholder within 10 days of receipt of his or her request. A copy of the stockholder list will be printed in alphabetical order, on white paper, and in a readily readable type size (in no event smaller than 10-point type). We may impose a reasonable charge for expenses incurred in reproducing such list. Stockholders, however, may not sell or use this list for commercial purposes. The purposes for which stockholders may request this list include matters relating to their voting rights and the exercise of their rights under federal proxy laws.
If our advisor or our board of directors neglects or refuses to exhibit, produce or mail a copy of the stockholder list as requested, our advisor and/ or board, as the case may be, shall be liable to the common stockholder requesting the list for the costs, including attorneys fees, incurred by that stockholder for compelling the production of the stockholder list and any actual damages suffered by any common stockholder for the neglect or refusal to produce the list. It shall be a defense that the actual purpose and reason for the requests for inspection or for a copy of the stockholder list is not for a proper purpose but is instead for the purpose of securing such list of stockholders or other information for the purpose of selling such list or copies thereof, or of using the same for a commercial purpose other than in the interest of the applicant as a stockholder relative to the affairs of our company. We may require that the stockholder requesting the stockholder list represent that the request is not for a commercial purpose unrelated to the stockholders interest in our company. The remedies provided by our charter to stockholders requesting copies of the stockholder list are in addition to, and do not in any way limit, other remedies available to stockholders under federal law, or the law of any state.
In addition, pursuant to our charter, any stockholder and any designated representative thereof shall be permitted access to our corporate records to which such stockholder is entitled under applicable law at all reasonable times, and may inspect and copy any of them for a reasonable charge. Under Maryland law, stockholders are entitled to inspect and copy only our bylaws, minutes of stockholder proceedings, annual statements of affairs, voting trust agreements and statements of stock and securities issued by us during the period specified by the requesting stockholder, which period may not be longer than 12 months prior to the date of the stockholders request. Requests to inspect and/or copy our corporate records must be made in writing to our address as set forth in the section of this prospectus titled Additional Information. It is the policy of our board of directors to comply with all proper requests for access to our corporate records in conformity with our charter and Maryland law.
Business Combinations
Under the Maryland General Corporation Law, business combinations between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or the interested stockholders affiliate are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. For this purpose, the term business combination includes mergers, consolidations, share exchanges, asset transfers and issuances or reclassifications of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined for this purpose as: (i) any person who beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of the voting power of the corporations outstanding voting stock; or (ii) an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial
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owner, directly or indirectly, of 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding stock of the corporation. A person is not an interested stockholder under the statute if the board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which he otherwise would have become an interested stockholder. However, in approving a transaction, the board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the board.
After the five-year prohibition, any business combination between the corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least: (i) 80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding voting stock of the corporation; and (ii) two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation other than shares held by the interested stockholder or its affiliate with whom the business combination is to be effected, or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder.
These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if the corporations common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under the Maryland General Corporation Law, for their shares in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares.
None of these provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law will apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by the board of directors of the corporation prior to the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. We have opted out of these provisions by resolution of our board of directors provided that the business combination is first approved by our board of directors. However, our board of directors may, by resolution, opt in to the business combination statute in the future.
Control Share Acquisitions
The Maryland General Corporation Law provides that control shares of a Maryland corporation acquired in a control share acquisition have no voting rights except to the extent approved by a vote of stockholders entitled to cast two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Shares owned by the acquirer, an officer of the corporation or an employee of the corporation who is also a director of the corporation are excluded from the vote on whether to accord voting rights to the control shares. Control shares are voting shares that, if aggregated with all other shares owned by the acquirer or with respect to which the acquirer has the right to vote or to direct the voting of, other than solely by virtue of revocable proxy, would entitle the acquirer to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting power:
| one-tenth or more but less than one-third; |
| one-third or more but less than a majority; or |
| a majority or more of all voting power. |
Control shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval. Except as otherwise specified in the statute, a control share acquisition means the acquisition of issued and outstanding control shares.
Once a person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition has undertaken to pay expenses and has satisfied other required conditions, the person may compel the board of directors to call a special meeting of stockholders to be held within 50 days of the demand to consider the voting rights of the shares. If no request for a meeting is made, the corporation may itself present the question at any stockholders meeting.
If voting rights are not approved for the control shares at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement for the control shares as required by the statute, the corporation may redeem any or all of the control shares for their fair value, except for control shares for which voting rights have previously been approved. Fair value is to be determined for this purpose without regard to the absence of voting rights for the control shares, and is to be determined as of the date of any meeting of stockholders at which the voting rights for control shares are considered and not approved or, if no such meeting is held, as of the date of the last control share acquisition.
If voting rights for control shares are approved at a stockholders meeting and the acquirer becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, all other stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares as determined for purposes of these appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid in the control share acquisition. Some of the limitations and restrictions otherwise applicable to the exercise of dissenters rights do not apply in the context of a control share acquisition.
The control share acquisition statute does not apply to shares acquired in a merger, consolidation or share exchange if the corporation is a party to the transaction or to acquisitions approved or exempted by the charter or bylaws of the corporation.
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Our bylaws contain a provision exempting from the control share acquisition statute any and all acquisitions by any person of our stock. There can be no assurance that this provision will not be amended or eliminated at any time in the future.
Subtitle 8
Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the Maryland General Corporation Law permits a Maryland corporation with a class of equity securities registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and at least three independent directors to elect to be subject, by provision in its charter or bylaws or a resolution of its board of directors and notwithstanding any contrary provision in the charter or bylaws, to any or all of five provisions:
| a classified board, |
| a two-thirds vote requirement for removing a director, |
| a requirement that the number of directors be fixed only by vote of the directors, |
| a requirement that a vacancy on the board be filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred, and |
| a majority requirement for the calling of a stockholder-requested special meeting of stockholders. |
In our charter, we have elected that vacancies on our board of directors be filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred. Through provisions in our charter and bylaws unrelated to Subtitle 8, we already vest in our board of directors the exclusive power to fix the number of directorships, provided that the number is not fewer than three.
Tender Offers
Our charter provides that any tender offer made by a person, including any mini-tender offer, must comply with certain notice and disclosure requirements. These procedural requirements with respect to tender offers apply to any widespread solicitation for shares of our stock at firm prices for a limited time period.
In order for a person to conduct a tender offer to one of our stockholders, our charter requires that the person comply with Regulation 14D of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and give us notice of such tender offer at least 10 business days before initiating the tender offer. Pursuant to our charter, Regulation 14D would also require any person initiating a tender offer to provide:
| Specific disclosure to stockholders focusing on the terms of the offer and information about the bidder; |
| The ability to allow stockholders to withdraw tendered shares while the offer remains open; |
| The right to have tendered shares accepted on a pro rata basis throughout the term of the offer if the offer is for less than all of our shares; and |
| That all stockholders of the subject class of shares be treated equally. |
In addition to the foregoing, there are certain ramifications to persons who attempt to conduct a noncompliant tender offer. If any person initiates a tender offer without complying with the provisions set forth above, no stockholder may transfer any shares held by such stockholder to the noncomplying offeror without first offering the shares to us at the tender offer price offered in such tender offer. The noncomplying person shall also be responsible for all of our expenses in connection with that persons noncompliance.
Distribution Reinvestment Plan
We have adopted a distribution reinvestment plan pursuant to which you may elect to have your dividends and other distributions attributable to the class of shares you own automatically reinvested in additional shares of the same class. The following discussion summarizes the principal terms of this plan. Appendix B to this prospectus contains the full text of our distribution reinvestment plan as is currently in effect.
Eligibility
All of our common stockholders are eligible to participate in our distribution reinvestment plan; however, we may elect to deny your participation in the distribution reinvestment plan if you reside in a jurisdiction or foreign country where, in our judgment, the burden or expense of compliance with applicable securities laws makes your participation impracticable or inadvisable.
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At any time prior to the listing of our shares on a national stock exchange, you must cease participation in our distribution reinvestment plan if you no longer meet the suitability standards or cannot make the other investor representations set forth in the then-current prospectus or in the subscription agreement. Participants must agree to notify us promptly when they no longer meet these standards. See the Suitability Standards section of this prospectus (immediately following the cover page) and the form of subscription agreement attached hereto as Appendix A.
Election to Participate
You may elect to participate in the distribution reinvestment plan by completing the subscription agreement or other approved enrollment form available from the dealer manager or a participating broker-dealer. Your participation in the distribution reinvestment plan will begin with the next distribution made after receipt of your enrollment form. You can choose to have all or a portion of your distributions reinvested through the distribution reinvestment plan. You may also change the percentage of your distributions that will be reinvested at any time by completing a new enrollment form or other form provided for that purpose. You must make any election to increase your level of participation through your participating broker-dealer or the dealer manager.
Stock Purchases
Shares will be purchased under the distribution reinvestment plan on the distribution payment dates. The purchase of fractional shares is a permissible and the likely result of the reinvestment of distributions under the distribution reinvestment plan.
Until we establish NAV per share of each class of shares, distributions will be reinvested in additional shares at $25.00 per Class A Share, Class T Share and Class I Share. Once NAV is established, distributions will be reinvested in additional shares at the then current NAV per share for such class of shares . We reserve the right to reallocate the shares we are offering among our classes of common stock and between the primary offering and our distribution reinvestment plan. We will not pay any selling commissions, dealer manager fees or distribution fees on shares sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. The amount available for distributions on all Class T Shares will be reduced by the amount of distribution fees payable with respect to the Class T Shares issued in the primary offering. We may amend, suspend or terminate the distribution reinvestment plan for any reason at any time upon 10 business days notice to the participants. We may provide notice by including such information (a) in a Current Report on Form 8-K or in our annual or quarterly reports, all publicly filed with the SEC or (b) in a separate mailing to the participants.
Account Statements
You or your designee will receive a confirmation of your purchases under the distribution reinvestment plan monthly. Your confirmation will disclose the following information:
| each distribution reinvested for your account during the period; |
| the date of the reinvestment; |
| the number and price of the shares purchased by you; and |
| the total number of shares in your account. |
In addition, within 90 days after the end of each calendar year, we will provide you with an individualized report on your investment, including the purchase dates, purchase price, number of shares owned and the amount of distributions made in the prior year. We will also provide to all participants in the plan, without charge, all supplements to and updated versions of this prospectus, as required under applicable securities laws.
Fees and Commissions and Use of Proceeds
We will not pay any selling commissions, dealer manager fees or distribution fees on shares sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. The amount available for distributions on all Class T Shares will be reduced by the amount of distribution fees payable with respect to the Class T Shares issued in the primary offering. We expect to use the net proceeds from the sale of shares under our distribution reinvestment plan for general corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, the following:
| the repurchase of shares under our share repurchase program; |
| reserves required by any financings of our investments; |
| future funding obligations under any real estate loan receivable we acquire; |
| acquisition or origination of assets; |
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| the repayment of debt; and |
| expenses relating to our investments, including acquisition of properties, making capital and tenant improvements or paying leasing costs and commissions related to real property, purchasing a loan senior to ours to protect our junior position in the event of a default by the borrower on the senior loan, or making protective advances to preserve collateral securing a loan. |
We cannot predict with any certainty how much, if any, distribution reinvestment plan proceeds will be available for specific purposes.
Voting
You may vote all shares, including fractional shares, that you acquire through the distribution reinvestment plan.
Tax Consequences of Participation
If you elect to participate in the distribution reinvestment plan and are subject to federal income taxation, you will incur a tax liability for distributions allocated to you even though you have elected not to receive the distributions in cash but rather to have the distributions withheld and reinvested pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan. Specifically, you will be treated as if you have received the distribution from us in cash and then applied such distribution to the purchase of additional shares. In addition, to the extent you purchase shares through our distribution reinvestment plan at a discount to their fair market value, you will be treated for tax purposes as receiving an additional distribution equal to the amount of the discount. You will be taxed on the amount of such distribution as a dividend to the extent such distribution is from current or accumulated earnings and profits, unless we have designated all or a portion of the distribution as a capital gain distribution. See Federal Income Tax Considerations Taxation of Stockholders. We will withhold 28% of the amount of dividends or distributions paid if you fail to furnish a valid taxpayer identification number, fail to properly report interest or distributions or fail to certify that you are not subject to withholding.
Termination of Participation
Once enrolled, you may continue to purchase shares under our distribution reinvestment plan until we have sold all of the shares registered in this offering, have terminated this offering or have terminated the distribution reinvestment plan. You may terminate your participation in the distribution reinvestment plan at any time by providing us with written notice. For your termination to be effective for a particular distribution, we must have received your notice of termination at least four business days prior to the last business day prior to the payment date for the distribution. Any transfer of your shares will effect a termination of the participation of those shares in the distribution reinvestment plan. We will terminate your participation in the distribution reinvestment plan to the extent that a reinvestment of your distributions would cause you to violate the ownership limit contained in our charter, unless you have obtained an exemption from the ownership limit from our board of directors.
Amendment, Suspension or Termination of Plan
We may amend, suspend or terminate the distribution reinvestment plan for any reason at any time upon 10 business days notice to the participants. We may provide notice by including such information (a) in a Current Report on Form 8-K or in our annual or quarterly reports, all publicly filed with the SEC or (b) in a separate mailing to the participants.
Share Repurchase Program
Our board of directors has adopted a share repurchase program that may enable you to sell your shares of common stock to us in limited circumstances. However, our share repurchase program includes numerous restrictions that limit our stockholders ability to sell their shares.
There are several limitations on our ability to repurchase shares under the program:
| Unless the shares are being repurchased in connection with a stockholders death, qualifying disability or determination of incompetence, we may not repurchase shares unless the stockholder has held the shares for one year. |
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| Unless our board of directors determines otherwise, the funds available for repurchases in each month will be limited to the funds received from the distribution reinvestment plan in the prior quarter. Our board of directors has complete discretion to determine whether all of such funds from the prior quarters distribution reinvestment plan will be applied to repurchases in the following quarter, whether such funds are needed for other purposes or whether additional funds from other sources may be used for repurchases. |
| During any calendar year, we may repurchase no more than 5% of the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the prior calendar year. |
| We have no obligation to repurchase shares if the repurchase would violate the restrictions on distributions under Maryland law, which prohibits distributions that would cause a corporation to fail to meet statutory tests of solvency. |
We will repurchase shares at a price equal to, or at a discount from, NAV per share of the share class being repurchased as follows:
Holding Period |
Repurchase Price
as a Percentage of NAV |
|||
Less than 1 year |
No Repurchase Allowed | |||
1 year |
96 | % | ||
2 years |
97 | % | ||
3 years |
98 | % | ||
4 years |
99 | % | ||
5 years and longer |
100 | % |
We will repurchase shares on the last business day of each quarter. The program administrator must receive your written request for redemption at least five business days before that date in order for us to repurchase your shares that quarter. If we cannot repurchase all shares presented for repurchase in any quarter, we will honor repurchase requests on a pro rata basis. In the event that you present all of your shares, there would be no holding period requirement for shares purchased pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan.
If we did not completely satisfy a stockholders repurchase request at the repurchase date because the program administrator did not receive the request in time or because of the restrictions on the number of shares we could repurchase under the program, we would treat the unsatisfied portion of the repurchase request as a request for repurchase at the next repurchase date funds are available for repurchase unless the stockholder withdrew his or her request before the next date for repurchase. Any stockholder could withdraw a repurchase request upon written notice to the program administrator if such notice were received by us at least five business days before the date for repurchases.
The terms of our share repurchase program are more generous with respect to repurchases sought upon a stockholders death, qualifying disability or determination of incompetence :
| There is no one-year holding requirement; and |
| Except as noted below, shares that are repurchased in connection with the death or disability of a stockholder will be repurchased at a purchase price equal to the price paid to acquire such shares from us; provided, that, the redemption price cannot exceed the then-current offering price and the repurchase price will be reduced as may be necessary to equal the then-current offering price of such class of shares. |
In order for a disability to entitle a stockholder to the special repurchase terms described above (a qualifying disability), (i) the stockholder would have to receive a determination of disability based upon a physical or mental condition or impairment arising after the date the stockholder acquired the shares to be repurchased, and (ii) such determination of disability would have to be made by the governmental agency responsible for reviewing the disability retirement benefits that the stockholder could be eligible to receive (the applicable governmental agency). The applicable governmental agencies would be limited to the following: (i) if the stockholder paid Social Security taxes and, therefore, could be eligible to receive Social Security disability benefits, then the applicable governmental agency would be the Social Security Administration or the agency charged with responsibility for administering Social Security disability benefits at that time if other than the Social Security Administration; (ii) if the stockholder did not pay Social Security benefits and, therefore, could not be eligible to receive Social Security disability benefits, but the stockholder could be eligible to receive disability benefits under the Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS), then the applicable governmental agency would be the U.S.
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Office of Personnel Management or the agency charged with responsibility for administering CSRS benefits at that time if other than the Office of Personnel Management; or (iii) if the stockholder did not pay Social Security taxes and therefore could not be eligible to receive Social Security benefits but suffered a disability that resulted in the stockholders discharge from military service under conditions that were other than dishonorable and, therefore, could be eligible to receive military disability benefits, then the applicable governmental agency would be the Department of Veterans Affairs or the agency charged with the responsibility for administering military disability benefits at that time if other than the Department of Veterans Affairs.
Disability determinations by governmental agencies for purposes other than those listed above, including but not limited to workers compensation insurance, administration or enforcement of the Rehabilitation Act or Americans with Disabilities Act, or waiver of insurance premiums would not entitle a stockholder to the special repurchase terms described above. Repurchase requests following an award by the applicable governmental agency of disability benefits would have to be accompanied by: (i) the investors initial application for disability benefits and (ii) a Social Security Administration Notice of Award, a U.S. Office of Personnel Management determination of disability under CSRS, a Department of Veterans Affairs record of disability-related discharge or such other documentation issued by the applicable governmental agency that we would deem acceptable and would demonstrate an award of the disability benefits.
We understand that the following disabilities do not entitle a worker to Social Security disability benefits:
| disabilities occurring after the legal retirement age; and |
| disabilities that do not render a worker incapable of performing substantial gainful activity. |
Therefore, such disabilities would not qualify for the special repurchase terms, except in the limited circumstances when the investor would be awarded disability benefits by the other applicable governmental agencies described above.
In order for a determination of incompetence or incapacitation (a determination of incompetence) to entitle a stockholder to the special repurchase terms, a state or federal court located in the United States must declare, determine or find the stockholder to be (i) mentally incompetent to enter into a contract, to prepare a will or to make medical decisions or (ii) mentally incapacitated. In both cases such determination must be made by the court after the date the stockholder acquired the shares to be repurchased. A determination of incompetence or incapacitation by any other person or entity, or for any purpose other than those listed above, will not entitle a stockholder to the special repurchase terms. Repurchase requests following a determination of incompetence must be accompanied by the court order, determination or certificate declaring the stockholder incompetent or incapacitated.
In its sole discretion, our board of directors may amend, suspend or terminate the program without stockholder approval upon 10 business days written notice. We may provide notice by including such information (a) in a Current Report on Form 8-K or in our annual or quarterly reports, all publicly filed with the SEC or (b) in a separate mailing to the stockholders. During this offering, we would also include this information in a prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement, as required under federal securities laws.
Our share repurchase program only provides stockholders a limited ability for shares to be repurchased for cash until a secondary market develops for our shares, at which time the program would terminate. No such market presently exists, and we cannot assure you that any market for your shares will ever develop.
Qualifying stockholders who desire to present their shares for repurchase would have to give written notice to us by completing a redemption request form and returning it as follows:
| Regular mail: Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., PO Box 219206, Kansas City, MO 64121-9206. |
| Overnight mail: Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., c/o DST Systems, Inc., 430 W. 7 th Street, STE 219206, Kansas City, MO 64105. |
Repurchase request forms are available by contacting your financial advisor or by calling 855-9-CANTOR.
Registrar and Transfer Agent
We have engaged DST Systems Inc., to serve as the registrar and transfer agent for our common stock.
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Restrictions on Roll-Up Transactions
A Roll-up Transaction is a transaction involving the acquisition, merger, conversion or consolidation, directly or indirectly, of us and the issuance of securities of an entity that is created or would survive after the successful completion of a Roll-up Transaction, which we refer to as a Roll-up Entity. This term does not include:
| a transaction involving securities of our company that have been for at least 12 months listed on a national securities exchange; or |
| a transaction involving only our conversion into a trust or association if, as a consequence of the transaction, there will be no significant adverse change in the voting rights of our common stockholders, the term of our existence, the compensation to our advisor or our investment objectives. |
In connection with any proposed Roll-up Transaction, an appraisal of all our assets will be obtained from a competent independent appraiser. Our assets will be appraised on a consistent basis, and the appraisal will be based on an evaluation of all relevant information and will indicate the value of our assets as of a date immediately preceding the announcement of the proposed Roll-up Transaction. If the appraisal will be included in a prospectus used to offer the securities of a Roll-Up Entity, the appraisal will be filed with the SEC and, if applicable, the states in which registration of such securities is sought, as an exhibit to the registration statement for the offering. The appraisal will assume an orderly liquidation of assets over a 12-month period. The terms of the engagement of the independent appraiser will clearly state that the engagement is for our benefit and the benefit of our stockholders. A summary of the appraisal, indicating all material assumptions underlying the appraisal, will be included in a report to our stockholders in connection with any proposed Roll-up Transaction.
In connection with a proposed Roll-up Transaction, the person sponsoring the Roll-up Transaction must offer to our common stockholders who vote no on the proposal the choice of:
(1) | accepting the securities of the Roll-up Entity offered in the proposed Roll-up Transaction; or |
(2) | one of the following: |
(A) | remaining as common stockholders of us and preserving their interests in us on the same terms and conditions as existed previously; or |
(B) | receiving cash in an amount equal to the stockholders pro rata share of the appraised value of our net assets. |
We are prohibited from participating in any proposed Roll-up Transaction:
| that would result in our common stockholders having democracy rights in a Roll-up Entity that are less than those provided in our charter and bylaws with respect to the election and removal of directors and the other voting rights of our common stockholders, annual reports, annual and special meetings of common stockholders, the amendment of our charter and our dissolution; |
| that includes provisions that would operate to materially impede or frustrate the accumulation of shares by any purchaser of the securities of the Roll-up Entity, except to the minimum extent necessary to preserve the tax status of the Roll-up Entity, or that would limit the ability of an investor to exercise the voting rights of its securities of the Roll-up Entity on the basis of the number of shares of common stock that such investor had held in us; |
| in which investors rights of access to the records of the Roll-up Entity would be less than those provided in our charter and described in the section of this prospectus entitled Description of Shares Meetings and Special Voting Requirements; or |
| in which any of the costs of the Roll-up Transaction would be borne by us if the Roll-up Transaction is rejected by our common stockholders. |
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THE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
General
Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP which we refer to as the operating partnership, is a newly formed Delaware limited partnership. We expect to own substantially all of our assets and conduct our operations through the operating partnership. We are the sole general partner of the operating partnership and a limited partner of our operating partnership. As the sole general partner, we have the exclusive power to manage and conduct the business of the operating partnership.
At such time as we have made our first investment in real estate, as we accept subscriptions for shares in this offering, we will transfer substantially all of the net proceeds of the offering to our operating partnership as a capital contribution in exchange for units of limited partnership interest. The operating partnership will be deemed to have simultaneously paid the selling commissions and other costs associated with the offering.
As a result of this structure, we will be considered an UPREIT, or an umbrella partnership real estate investment trust. An UPREIT is a structure that REITs often use to acquire real property from sellers on a tax-deferred basis because the sellers can generally accept partnership units and defer taxable gain otherwise required to be recognized by them upon the disposition of their properties. Such sellers may also desire to achieve diversity in their investment and other benefits afforded to stockholders in a REIT. For purposes of satisfying the asset and income tests for qualification as a REIT, the REITs proportionate share of the assets and income of the operating partnership will be deemed to be assets and income of the REIT.
If we ever decide to acquire properties in exchange for units of limited partnership interest in the operating partnership, we expect to amend and restate the partnership agreement to provide substantially as set forth below.
Capital Contributions
Our operating partnership has classes of common units that correspond to our classes of common stock: Class A common units, Class T common units and Class I common units. Such common units will have economic terms that vary based upon the class of shares issued. In connection with any and all issuances of our Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares of common stock, we will make capital contributions to the operating partnership of the proceeds therefrom in exchange for common units of the same class as the applicable shares with respect to which offering proceeds have been received, provided that if the proceeds actually received and contributed by us are less than the gross proceeds of such issuance as a result of any underwriters discount, commissions, placement fees or other expenses paid or incurred in connection with such issuance, then we shall make a capital contribution of such net proceeds to the operating partnership but will receive additional common units with a value equal to the aggregate amount of the gross proceeds of such issuance. Upon any such capital contribution by us, our capital account will be increased by the actual amount of our capital contribution.
We are authorized to cause our operating partnership to issue additional common units for less than fair market value if we conclude in good faith that such issuance is in the best interests of us and our operating partnership. Our operating partnership may issue preferred partnership units to us if we issue shares of preferred stock and contribute the net proceeds from the issuance thereof to our operating partnership or in connection with acquisitions of property or otherwise, which could have priority over the common units with respect to distributions from our operating partnership, including the common units owned by us.
As sole general partner of our operating partnership, we have the ability to cause our operating partnership to issue additional limited partnership interests. These additional interests may be issued to institutional and other large investors that may prefer to make an investment directly in our operating partnership and may include preferred limited partnership interests or other interests subject to different distribution and allocation arrangements, fees and redemption arrangements.
If our operating partnership requires additional funds at any time in excess of capital contributions made by us, or from borrowings, we may: (i) cause the operating partnership to obtain such funds from outside borrowings; or (ii) elect for us or for any of our affiliates to provide such additional funds to the operating partnership through loans or otherwise.
Operations
The partnership agreement requires that our operating partnership be operated in a manner that will enable us to: (i) satisfy the requirements for being classified as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, unless we otherwise cease to qualify as a REIT; (ii) avoid any federal income or excise tax liability (other than any federal income tax liability associated with our retained capital gains); and (iii) ensure that our operating partnership will not be classified as a publicly traded partnership for purposes of Section 7704 of the Internal Revenue Code, which classification could result in our operating partnership being taxed as a corporation, rather than as a partnership.
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Distributions and Allocations of Profits and Losses
The partnership agreement generally provides that, except as provided below with respect to the special units and except upon liquidation of our operating partnership, our operating partnership will distribute cash to the partners of our operating partnership in accordance with their relative partnership units, on a quarterly basis (or, at our election, more or less frequently), in amounts determined by us as general partner. Upon the liquidation of our operating partnership, after payment of debts and obligations and any redemption of special units, any remaining assets of our operating partnership will be distributed in accordance with each partners positive capital account balance.
The holder of the special units will be entitled to distributions from our operating partnership equal to 15.0% of distributions after the other partners, including us, have received in the aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to their capital contributions plus a 6.0% cumulative non-compounded annual pre-tax return thereon. Depending on various factors, including the date on which shares of our common stock are purchased and the price paid for such shares of common stock, a stockholder may receive more or less than the 6.0% cumulative non-compounded annual pre-tax return on their net contributions described above prior to the commencement of distributions to the owner of the special units.
Upon liquidation of the operating partnership, after payment of, or adequate provision for, debts and obligations of the operating partnership, including partner loans, any remaining assets of the operating partnership would be distributed to its partners in accordance with their respective positive capital account balances.
Rights, Obligations and Powers of the General Partner
We are the sole general partner of the operating partnership. As sole general partner, we generally have complete and exclusive discretion to manage and control the operating partnerships business and to make all decisions affecting its assets. Under the partnership agreement, we have the authority to:
| acquire, purchase, own, manage and dispose of loans, securities, real property and any other assets; |
| construct buildings and make other improvements on owned or leased properties; |
| authorize, issue, sell, redeem or otherwise purchase any debt or other securities; |
| borrow or loan money; |
| originate loans; |
| make or revoke any tax election; |
| maintain insurance coverage in amounts and types as we determine is necessary; |
| retain employees or other service providers; |
| form or acquire interests in joint ventures; and |
| merge, consolidate or combine the operating partnership with another entity. |
Under the partnership agreement, the operating partnership pays all of the administrative and operating costs and expenses it incurs in acquiring or originating and operating and managing investments. The operating partnership would also pay all of our administrative costs and expenses and such expenses would be treated as expenses of the operating partnership. Such expenses would include:
| all expenses relating to our organization and continuity of existence; |
| all expenses relating to the public offering and registration of our securities; |
| all expenses associated with the preparation and filing of our periodic reports under federal, state or local laws or regulations; |
| all expenses associated with our compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations; and |
| all of our other operating or administrative costs incurred in the ordinary course of business. |
The only costs and expenses we could incur that the operating partnership would not reimburse would be costs and expenses relating to assets we may own outside of the operating partnership. We would pay the expenses relating to such assets directly.
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Exchange Rights
Our partnership agreement provides for exchange rights. The limited partners of the operating partnership have the right to cause the operating partnership to redeem their units of limited partnership interest for cash equal to the value of an equivalent number of our shares, or, at our option, we could purchase their units of limited partnership interest for cash or by issuing one share of our common stock for each unit redeemed. Limited partners, however, would not be able to exercise this exchange right if and to the extent that the delivery of our shares upon such exercise would:
| result in any person owning shares in excess of the ownership limit in our charter (unless exempted prospectively or retroactively by our board of directors); |
| result in our shares being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons; |
| result in our shares being closely held within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Internal Revenue Code; or |
| cause us to own 10% or more of the ownership interests in a tenant within the meaning of Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code. |
Furthermore, limited partners could exercise their exchange rights only after their units of limited partnership interest had been outstanding for one year. A limited partner could not deliver more than two exchange notices each calendar year and would not be able to exercise an exchange right for less than 1,000 units of limited partnership interest, unless such limited partner held less than 1,000 units. In that case, he would be required to exercise his exchange right for all of his units.
Change in General Partner
We are generally not able to withdraw as the general partner of the operating partnership or transfer our general partnership interest in the operating partnership (unless we transferred our interest to a wholly owned subsidiary). The principal exception to this would be if we merged with another entity and (i) the holders of a majority of partnership units (including those we held) approved the transaction; (ii) the limited partners received or had the right to receive an amount of cash, securities or other property equal in value to the amount they would have received if they had exercised their exchange rights immediately before such transaction; (iii) we were the surviving entity and our stockholders did not receive cash, securities or other property in the transaction; or (iv) the successor entity contributed substantially all of its assets to the operating partnership in return for an interest in the operating partnership and agreed to assume all obligations of the general partner of the operating partnership. If we voluntarily sought protection under bankruptcy or state insolvency laws, or if we were involuntarily placed under such protection for more than 90 days, we would be deemed to be automatically removed as the general partner. Otherwise, the limited partners would not have the right to remove us as general partner.
Transferability of Interests
With certain exceptions, the limited partners are not able to transfer their interests in the operating partnership, in whole or in part, without our written consent as the general partner.
Amendment of Limited Partnership Agreement
Amendments to the partnership agreement require the consent of the holders of a majority of the partnership units including the partnership units we and our affiliates held. Additionally, we, as general partner, are required to approve any amendment. Certain amendments have to be approved by a majority of the units held by third-party limited partners.
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General
We are publicly offering a maximum of $1,000,000,000 in shares of our common stock, in any combination of Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares, on a best efforts basis through Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., our dealer manager. Because this is a best efforts offering, our dealer manager must use only its best efforts to sell the shares and has no firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of our shares. Commencing with the first quarter during which the minimum offering requirement is satisfied, our board of directors will determine our NAV for each class of our shares. We expect such determination will ordinarily be made within 45 days after each such completed fiscal quarter. Until we commence quarterly valuations of our assets, we will sell our shares on a continuous basis at a price of $26.32 per Class A Share, $25.52 per Class T Share and $25.00 per Class I Share. Thereafter, our board of directors will adjust the offering prices of each class of shares such that the purchase price per share for each class will generally equal the NAV per share as of the most recent valuation date, as determined on a quarterly basis, plus applicable upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees, less applicable sponsor support. We expect that we will ordinarily publish any adjustment to the NAV and the corresponding adjustments to the offering prices of our shares on or around the 45 th day following each completed fiscal quarter. We may offer shares at a price that we believe reflects the NAV per share of such stock more appropriately than the prior quarters NAV per share in cases where we believe there has been a material change (positive or negative) to our NAV per share since the end of the prior quarter. Promptly following any adjustment to the offering prices per share, we will file a prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement with the SEC disclosing the adjusted offering prices and the effective date of such adjusted offering prices, and we will also post the updated information on our website at www.rodinglobalpropertytrust.com . The new offering price for each share class will become effective five business days after such share price is disclosed by us. If the new offering price per share for any of the classes of our shares being offered by this prospectus represents more than a 20% change in the per share offering price of our shares from the most recent offering price per share, we will file an amendment to the registration statement with the SEC. We will attempt to file the amendment on or before such time in order to avoid interruptions in the continuous offering; however, there can be no assurance that our continuous offering will not be suspended while the SEC reviews any such amendment and until it is declared effective. Our investors who have not received notification of acceptance of their subscription agreements prior to our publication of the new offering prices may withdraw their purchase request during the five business day period immediately prior to the effectiveness of the new purchase price by notifying the transfer agent, through their financial intermediary or directly on our toll-free, automated telephone line, 855-9-CANTOR. The purchase price per share to be paid by each investor will be equal to the price that is in effect on the date that his or her completed subscription agreement has been accepted by our dealer manager.
We are offering up to $250,000,000 in shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan at an initial purchase price equal to $25.00 per Class A Share, Class T Share and Class I Share and the then current NAV per share of such class of shares once we commence valuations. Our board of directors arbitrarily determined the initial selling prices of the shares of common stock, consistent with certain other comparable real estate investment programs in the market, and such prices bear no relationship to our book or asset values, or to any other established criteria for valuing the shares of common stock to be issued. We reserve the right to reallocate the shares we are offering among our share classes and the primary offering and our distribution reinvestment plan. This offering will commence as of the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. If we do not sell at least $2,000,000 in shares of our common stock before one year from the date of this prospectus, this offering will terminate and your funds will be promptly returned with interest and without deduction. Our Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares are available for different categories of investors. Class A Shares and Class T Shares are available for purchase to the general public. Class I Shares are available for purchase in this offering only (1) by institutional accounts as defined by FINRA Rule 4512(c), (2) through bank-sponsored collective trusts and bank-sponsored common trusts, (3) by retirement plans (including a trustee or custodian under any deferred compensation or pension or profit sharing plan or payroll deduction IRA established for the benefit of the employees of any company), foundations or endowments, (4) through certain financial intermediaries that are not otherwise registered with or as a broker-dealer and that direct clients to trade with a broker-dealer that offers Class I Shares, (5) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act as a fiduciary for its clients or customers, (6) by our sponsor, our advisor, our executive officers and directors, as well as officers and employees of our sponsor and our advisor and our sponsors and advisors affiliates and their respective immediate family members and (7) by any other categories of purchasers described in Compensation of Dealer Manager and Participating Broker-Dealers below or that we name in an amendment or supplement to this prospectus. If you are eligible to purchase any of the classes of shares, you should consider, among other things, the amount of your investment, the length of time you intend to hold the shares, the selling commission and fees attributable to each class of shares and whether you qualify for any selling commission discounts if you elect to purchase Class A Shares. Before making your investment decision, please consult with your financial advisor regarding your account type and the classes of common stock you may be eligible to purchase.
We currently expect to offer shares of common stock in our primary offering until two years from the date of this prospectus, unless extended by our board of directors; however, if we have not sold all primary shares registered in this offering by [● ] , we may continue the primary offering an additional one year beyond if our board of directors determines it is in the best interests of our stockholders to continue raising additional capital. We may continue to offer shares under our distribution reinvestment plan after the primary offering terminates until we have sold $250,000,000 in shares through the reinvestment of distributions. We may terminate this offering at any time.
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Compensation of Dealer Manager and Participating Broker-Dealers
Except as provided below, our dealer manager will receive selling commissions of 6.0% of the gross offering proceeds for Class A Shares sold in our primary offering and 3.0% of the gross offering proceeds for Class T Shares sold in our primary offering. The dealer manager will receive 3.0% of the gross offering proceeds for Class A Shares and Class T Shares and 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds for Class I Shares as compensation for acting as the dealer manager. With respect to the selling commissions payable to our dealer manager for the Class A Shares and the Class T Shares sold in the primary offering, our sponsor will pay an amount equal to 1.0% of the gross offering proceeds to the dealer manager and the balance of the selling commissions will be funded with offering proceeds. Our sponsor will pay all of the dealer manager fees to the dealer manager in the amount of 3.0% of the gross offering proceeds for Class A Shares and Class T Shares and in the amount of 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds for Class I Shares. This will result in a reduction in the total selling commissions and dealer manager fees that we will pay in connection with the primary offering. Our sponsor and its affiliates have agreed that under no circumstances may proceeds from this offering be used to pay the sponsor support reimbursement, which will be paid to the sponsor under certain circumstances. See Management Compensation. We will not pay any selling commissions or dealer manager fees for shares sold under our distribution reinvestment plan. We will also reimburse the dealer manager for invoiced due diligence expenses and may reimburse the dealer manager for its underwriting expenses, as described below.
We expect the dealer manager to authorize other broker-dealers that are members of FINRA, which we refer to as participating broker-dealers, to sell our shares. Except as provided below, our dealer manager, in its sole discretion, will reallow all or a portion of its selling commissions attributable to a participating broker-dealer.
If an investor purchases Class I Shares in our primary offering through a registered investment advisor with whom the investor has agreed to pay compensation for investment advisory services or other financial or investment advice and if in connection with such purchase the investor must also pay a broker-dealer for custodial or other services relating to holding the shares in the investors account, we will reduce the aggregate purchase price of the investors shares by the amount of the annual custodial or other fees paid to the broker-dealer in an amount up to $250. Each investor will receive only one reduction in purchase price for such fees and this reduction in the purchase price of our shares is only available for the investors initial investment in our common stock. The investor must include the Request for Broker Dealer Custodial Fee Reimbursement Form with his or her subscription agreement to have the purchase price of the investors initial investment in shares reduced by the amount of his or her annual custodial fee.
The dealer manager, in its sole discretion, may reallow a portion of the dealer manager fees for Class A Shares and Class T Shares to any participating broker-dealer, based upon consideration of projected volume of sales, the amount of marketing assistance and level of marketing support provided by such participating-broker dealer in the past and the level of marketing support to be provided in this offering.
Distribution Fees (Class T Shares Only)
With respect to Class T Shares only, we will pay our dealer manager a distribution fee as additional compensation for selling shares in the offering and for ongoing stockholder services, all or a portion of which may be reallowed to participating broker-dealers in the dealer managers sole discretion. We will pay a distribution fee on all Class T Shares issued pursuant to our primary offering. The distribution fee will accrue daily and be paid monthly. We will pay a distribution fee of 1.0% per annum of (i) the current gross offering price per Class T Share in the primary offering or (ii) if we are no longer offering shares in a public offering, the estimated per share value of Class T Shares, if any has been disclosed. In the event the offering price or the estimated value per share changes, the distribution fee will change immediately with respect to all outstanding Class T Shares, and will be calculated based on the new gross offering price or estimated per share value, without regard to the actual price at which a particular Class T Share was issued. We will cease paying distribution fees with respect to each Class T Share, including any Class T Shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, on the earliest to occur of the following: (i) a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange; (ii) such Class T Share no longer being outstanding; (iii) the dealer managers determination that total underwriting compensation from all sources, including dealer manager fees, sales commissions (including the sponsor support of 3.0% of dealer manager fees), selling commissions (including the sponsor support of 1.0% of selling commissions), distribution fees and any other underwriting compensation paid to participating broker dealers with respect to all Class A, Class T Shares and Class I Shares would be in excess of 10% of the gross proceeds of the primary portion of this offering; or (iv) the end of the month in which the transfer agent, on our behalf, determines that total underwriting compensation, including dealer manager fees (including the sponsor support of 3.0% of dealer manager fees), sales commissions (including the sponsor support of 1.0% of selling commissions), distribution fees and any other underwriting compensation paid to participating broker dealers with respect to the Class T Shares held by a stockholder within his or her particular account would be in excess of 10% of the total gross investment amount at the time of purchase of the primary Class T Shares held in such account. We cannot predict if or when this will occur. All Class T Shares will automatically convert into Class A Shares upon a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange. With respect to item (iv) above, all of the Class T Shares held in a stockholders account will automatically convert into Class A Shares as of the last calendar day of the month in which the transfer agent determines that 10% limit on a particular Class T Share account was reached. Stockholders will receive notice that their
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Class T Shares have been converted into Class A Shares in accordance with industry practice at that time, which we expect to be either a transaction confirmation from the transfer agent, notification from the transfer agent or notification through the next account statement following the conversion. With respect to the conversion of Class T Shares into Class A Shares, each Class T Share will convert into an equivalent number of Class A Shares based on the respective net asset value per share for each class. In the case of a Class T Share purchased in the primary offering at a price equal to $25.52, the maximum distribution fee that may be paid on that Class T Share, depending on other underwriting expenses, will be equal to approximately $1.02 per share, assuming a constant per share offering price or NAV per share, as applicable, of $25.52 per Class T Share. Although we cannot predict the length of time over which this fee will be paid due to potential changes in the estimated net asset value of our Class T Shares, this fee would be paid over approximately 4 years from the date of purchase, assuming a constant per share offering price or estimated net asset value, as applicable, of $25.52 per Class T Share. If a stockholders account includes Class T Shares and the stockholder makes a subsequent purchase of Class T Shares in the primary offering in the same stockholder account, the total underwriting compensation limit will be based on the total number of primary offering Class T Shares in the account and the distribution fees will be calculated on all of the primary offering Class T Shares in the account, such that the conversion of the Class T Shares from the initial purchase will be delayed and the accrual of the distribution fees and the conversion of the Class T Shares with respect to the subsequent purchase will happen on a more accelerated basis than would have been the case if the stockholder had made the subsequent purchase in a separate account. Stockholders may elect to make subsequent purchases in a separate account. Whether a stockholder elects to purchase additional primary shares in the same account or in separate accounts will not change the aggregate amount of distribution fees paid with respect to a stockholders shares, but will affect the timing of such payments. We currently expect that the conversion will be on a one-for-one basis, as we expect the net asset value per share of each Class A Share, Class T Share and Class I Share to be the same, except in the unlikely event that the distribution fees payable by us exceed the amount otherwise available for distribution to holders of Class T Shares in a particular period (prior to the deduction of the distribution fees), in which case the excess will be accrued as a reduction to the net asset value per share of each Class T Share.
Other Compensation
Our dealer manager will incur expenses in connection with the distribution of the offering, including reimbursement of certain of the expenses incurred by participating broker-dealers. The expenses incurred by our dealer manager may include without limitation, reasonable travel and lodging expenses related to wholesaling activities, legal expenses and salaries and bonuses of certain employees of the Dealer Manager while participating in this offering. Our dealer manager also may provide permissible forms of non-cash compensation pursuant to FINRA Rule 2310(c) to its registered representatives and to participating broker-dealers, such as: an occasional meal, a ticket to a sporting event or the theater, or comparable entertainment which is neither so frequent nor so extensive as to raise any question of propriety and is not preconditioned on achievement of a sales target; costs and expenses of attending training and education meetings and participating broker-dealer sponsored conferences; and gifts that do not exceed on aggregate of $100 per person and are not conditioned on achievement of a sales target. The value of such items of non-cash compensation will be considered underwriting compensation. We will directly pay or reimburse our dealer manager for certain reasonable costs and expenses incident to the offering if, when added to all of the other underwriting compensation being paid in connection with this offering, such expenses would not cause total underwriting compensation to exceed 10.0% of the gross proceeds of the primary offering as of the termination of the offering, as required by the rules of FINRA. To the extent we do not pay or reimburse our dealer manager for these expenses, they will be paid from the portion of the dealer manager fees and selling commissions retained by our dealer manager from the sale of shares in this offering.
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To show the maximum amount of dealer manager and participating broker-dealer compensation that we may pay in this offering, this table assumes that all shares are sold through distribution channels associated with the highest possible selling commissions and dealer manager fees.
Dealer Manager and
Participating Broker-Dealer Compensation
Total
Compensation (1)(4) |
% of Primary
Offering Gross Proceeds |
|||||||
Class A Shares |
||||||||
Selling Commissions (maximum) |
$ | 24,000,000 | (2) | 6.0 | % | |||
Paid from offering proceeds |
$ | 20,000,000 | 5.0 | % | ||||
Paid from sponsor support |
$ | 4,000,000 | 1.0 | % | ||||
Dealer Manager Fees (maximum) |
$ | 12,000,000 | (2) | 3.0 | % | |||
Paid from offering proceeds |
| 0.0 | % | |||||
Paid from sponsor support |
$ | 12,000,000 | 3.0 | % | ||||
Class T Shares |
||||||||
Selling Commissions (maximum) |
$ | 15,000,000 | (2) | 3.0 | % | |||
Paid from offering proceeds |
$ | 10,000,000 | 2.0 | % | ||||
Paid from sponsor support |
$ | 5,000,000 | 1.0 | % | ||||
Dealer Manager Fees (maximum) |
$ | 15,000,000 | (2) | 3.0 | % | |||
Paid from offering proceeds |
| 0.0 | % | |||||
Paid from sponsor support |
$ | 15,000,000 | 3.0 | % | ||||
Distribution Fee |
$ | 20,000,000 | (3) | 1.0 | % (3) | |||
Class I Shares |
||||||||
Selling Commissions (maximum) |
| 0.0 | % | |||||
Dealer Manager Fees (maximum) |
$ | 1,500,000 | (2) | 1.5 | % | |||
Paid from offering proceeds |
| 0.0 | % | |||||
Paid from sponsor support |
$ | 1,500,000 | 1.5 | % |
(1) | The total compensation assumes that 40%, 50% and 10% of the shares sold in the primary offering are Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares, respectively. |
(2) | With respect to the selling commissions payable to our dealer manager with respect to the Class A Shares and the Class T Shares sold in the primary offering, our sponsor will pay an amount equal to 1.0% of the gross offering proceeds to the dealer manager and the balance of the selling commissions will be funded with offering proceeds. Our sponsor will pay all of the dealer manager fees to the dealer manager in the amount of 3.0% of the gross offering proceeds for Class A Shares and Class T Shares and in the amount of 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds for Class I Shares. This will result in a reduction in the total selling commissions and dealer manager fees that we will pay in connection with the primary offering. |
(3) |
The distribution fees are ongoing fees that are not paid at the time of purchase. We will cease paying distribution fees with respect to each Class T Share on the earliest to occur of the following: (i) a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange; (ii) such Class T Share is no longer outstanding; (iii) our dealer managers determination that total underwriting compensation from all sources, including dealer manager fees, (including the sponsor support of 3.0% of dealer manager fees), selling commissions (including the sponsor support of 1.0% of selling commissions), distribution fees and any other underwriting compensation paid to participating broker dealers with respect to all Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares would be in excess of 10% of the gross proceeds of our primary offering; or (iv) the end of the month in which total underwriting compensation, including dealer manager fees (including the sponsor support of 3.0% of dealer manager fees), selling commissions (including the sponsor support of 1.0% of selling commissions), and distribution fees with respect to the Class T Shares held by a stockholder within his or her particular account would be in excess of 10% of the total gross offering price at the time of the investment in the Class T Shares held in such account. We cannot predict if or when this will occur. All Class T Shares will automatically convert into Class A Shares upon a listing of shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange. With respect to item (iv) above, all of the Class T Shares held in a stockholders account will automatically convert into |
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Class A Shares as of the last calendar day of the month in which the 10% limit on a particular account is reached. With respect to the conversion of Class T Shares into Class A Shares, each Class T Share will convert into an amount of Class A Shares based on the respective net asset value per share for each class. If $1.0 billion in shares (consisting of $400 million in Class A Shares, at $26.32 per share, $500 million in Class T Shares, at $25.52 per share and $100 million in Class I Shares, at $25.00 per share) is sold in this offering, then the maximum amount of distribution fees payable to our dealer manager is estimated to be $20 million, before the 10% underwriting compensation limit is reached. |
(4) | As described above under Other Compensation, we will directly pay or reimburse our dealer manager for certain additional underwriting expenses incident to this offering if, when added to all of the other underwriting compensation being paid in connection with this offering, such expenses are permitted to be reimbursed pursuant to the rules of FINRA. |
Subject to the cap on organization and offering expenses described below, we will also reimburse the dealer manager for reimbursements it may make to broker-dealers for bona fide invoiced due diligence expenses or, in certain circumstances, pay bona fide invoiced due diligence expenses directly.
Under the rules of FINRA, total underwriting compensation in this offering from any source, including selling commissions, the dealer manager fee, distribution fees and the underwriting expenses reimbursable by us (excluding reimbursement for bona fide invoiced due diligence expenses), may not exceed 10% of the gross offering proceeds of our primary offering. In addition to the limits on underwriting compensation, FINRA and many states also limit our total organization and offering expenses to 15% of gross offering proceeds.
We will reimburse our dealer manager for all items of underwriting compensation discussed in this prospectus for our primary initial public offering, as amended and supplemented, to the extent that this prospectus, as amended and supplemented, indicates such items will be paid by us, provided that within 30 days after the end of the month in which this primary initial public offering terminates, our dealer manager will reimburse us to the extent that our reimbursements cause total underwriting compensation for this primary initial public offering to exceed 10% of the gross offering proceeds from this primary initial public offering.
We reimburse our advisor or its affiliates for the unreimbursed portion and future organization and offering costs it may incur on our behalf, but only to the extent that the reimbursement would not cause the total amount of selling commissions, dealer manager fees and other organization and offering costs borne by us to exceed 15% of gross proceeds from our offering. However, we expect the total organization and offering expenses of our primary offering to be approximately 1.0% of the gross offering proceeds from the primary offering, and the total organization and offering expenses of our distribution reinvestment plan to be approximately 1.0% of the gross offering proceeds from the distribution reinvestment plan, assuming we raise the maximum offering amount and no shares are reallocated from our distribution reinvestment plan to our primary offering.
To the extent permitted by law and our charter, we will indemnify the participating broker-dealers and the dealer manager against some civil liabilities, including certain liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933 and liabilities arising from breaches of our representations and warranties contained in the dealer manager agreement. See Management Limited Liability and Indemnification of Directors, Officers, Employees and Other Agents.
Our dealer manager has agreed to sell up to 5% of the Class I Shares offered hereby in our primary offering to persons to be identified by us at a discount from the offering price. We intend to use this friends and family program to sell Class I Shares to certain investors identified by us, including investors who have a prior business relationship with our sponsor, such as real estate brokers, joint venture partners and their employees, company executives, surveyors, attorneys and similar individuals, and others to the extent consistent with applicable laws and regulations at the then current offering price per Class I Share net of dealer manager fees. The dealer manager fees will be waived in connection with such sales. The net proceeds to us from such sales made net of dealer manager fees will be substantially the same as the net proceeds we receive from other sales of Class I Shares.
Our executive officers and directors, as well as officers and employees of our sponsor, our advisor and our sponsors and advisors affiliates and their respective immediate family members, at their option, also may purchase Class I Shares offered hereby in our primary offering at the then current offering price per Class I Share net of dealer manager fees, in which case they have advised us that they will hold such shares as stockholders for investment and not for distribution. The dealer manager fees will be waived in connection with such sales. There is no limit on the amount of shares that may be sold to such purchasers and such sales may be used to satisfy the minimum offering amount. In addition, the dealer manager fees may be waived if we sell Class I Shares to participating broker-dealers, their retirement plans, their representatives and the family members, IRAs and qualified plans of their representatives. For purposes of these discounts, we consider an immediate family member to be a spouse, parent, child, sibling, mother- or father-in-law, son- or daughter-in- law or brother- or sister-in-law. The net proceeds to us from such sales made net of dealer manager fees will be the same as the net proceeds we receive from other sales of Class I Shares.
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Volume Discounts
We are offering volume discounts to investors who purchase in a single transaction more than (i) $500,000 of Class A Shares or (ii) $1.0 million of Class T Shares in our primary offering. The selling commissions we will pay in respect of purchases in excess of $500,000 for Class A Shares and $1.0 million for Class T Shares will be reduced with respect to the dollar volume of the purchase in excess of that amount within the applicable volume discount range or ranges. The net proceeds to us from a sale eligible for a volume discount will be the same, but the selling commissions we pay will be reduced. Because the dealer manager may, in its sole discretion, reallow all or a portion of its selling commissions to participating broker-dealers, the amount of selling commissions participating broker-dealers receive for such sales may be reduced.
The following table shows the discounted price per Class A Share and the reduced selling commissions payable for volume sales of our shares.
Dollar Volume Shares Purchased |
Selling
Commissions (Based on $26.32 Price Per Class A Share) |
Price Per
Share to Investor |
||||||||||||||
$ | 0 | to | $ | 500,000 | 6 | % | $ | 26.32 | ||||||||
$ | 500,001 | to | $ | 1,000,000 | 5 | % | $ | 26.04 | ||||||||
$ | 1,000,001 | to | $ | 3,000,000 | 4 | % | $ | 25.77 | ||||||||
$ | 3,000,001 | to | $ | 5,000,000 | 3 | % | $ | 25.52 |
We will apply the reduced selling price on a marginal basis. All commission rates and dealer manager fees are calculated assuming a price per Class A Share of $26.32 and prior to the application of any volume discount. For example, a purchase of 100,000 Class A Shares in a single transaction would result in a purchase price of $2,592,783 ($25.93 per share), after giving effect to the applicable discounts to the amount of the purchase in excess of $500,000 and $1,000,000, rather than a purchase price of $2,632,000, which would be the price if a volume discount had not been applied to the sale.
The following table shows the discounted price per Class T Share and the reduced selling commissions payable for volume sales of our shares.
Dollar Volume Shares Purchased |
Selling
Commissions (Based on $25.52 Price Per Class T Share) |
Price Per
Share to Investor |
||||||||||||||
$ | 0 | to | $ | 1,000,000 | 3 | % | $ | 25.52 | ||||||||
$ | 1,000,001 | to | $ | 2,500,000 | 2 | % | $ | 25.25 | ||||||||
$ | 2,500,001 | to | $ | 5,000,000 | 1 | % | $ | 25.00 |
We will apply the reduced selling price on a marginal basis. All commission rates and dealer manager fees are calculated assuming a price per Class T Share of $25.52 and prior to the application of any volume discount. For example, a purchase of 100,000 Class T Shares in a single transaction would result in a purchase price of $2,534,992 ($25.35 per share), after giving effect to the applicable discounts to the amount of the purchase in excess of $1,000,000 and $2,500,000, rather than a purchase price of $2,552,000, which would be the price if a volume discount had not been applied to the sale.
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In addition, in order to encourage purchases of shares of our common stock in excess of $5,000,000, the dealer manager may, in its sole discretion, agree with an investor to reduce (i) the sales commission with respect to all Class A Shares purchased by the investor to as low as $0.53 per share (2% of the primary offering price) and (ii) the sales commission with respect to all Class T Shares purchased by the investor to as low as $0.26 per Class T Share (1% of the primary offering price). Assuming a primary offering price of $26.32 per Class A Share and $25.52 per Class T Share, if an investor acquired in excess of $5,000,000 of Class A Shares or Class T Shares, the investor could pay as little as $25.25 per Class A Share or $25.00 per Class T Share purchased in excess of $5,000,000. The net proceeds to us would not be affected by such commission and fee reductions.
Only Class A Shares and Class T Shares purchased in our primary offering are eligible for volume discounts. Shares purchased through our distribution reinvestment plan will not be eligible for a volume discount nor will such shares count toward the threshold limits listed above that qualify an investor for the different discount levels.
Volume discounts for California residents will be available in accordance with the foregoing table of uniform discount levels. However, with respect to California residents, no discounts will be allowed to any group of purchasers and no subscriptions may be aggregated as part of a combined order for purposes of determining the dollar amount of shares purchased.
Subscription Procedures
To purchase shares in this offering, you must complete and sign a subscription agreement (in the form attached to this prospectus as Appendix A) for a specific number of shares and pay for the shares at the time of your subscription. Initially, you should make your check payable to UMB Bank, N.A., as escrow agent for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. After we meet the minimum offering requirements, your check should be made payable to Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. or Rodin Global Property Trust. Subscriptions are effective only upon our acceptance, and we reserve the right to reject any subscription in whole or in part. Subscription payments are deposited into a special account in our name until such time as we have accepted or rejected the subscriptions. We accept or reject subscriptions within 30 days of our receipt of such subscriptions and, if rejected, we return all funds to the rejected subscribers within 10 business days. If accepted, the funds are transferred into our general account. You will receive a confirmation of your purchase. We generally admit stockholders on a daily basis.
You are required to represent in the subscription agreement that you have received a copy of the final prospectus. In order to ensure that you have had sufficient time to review the final prospectus, we will not accept your subscription until at least five business days after your receipt of the final prospectus.
Suitability Standards
Our sponsor, those selling shares on our behalf and participating broker-dealers and registered investment advisors recommending the purchase of shares in this offering have the responsibility to make every reasonable effort to determine that your purchase of shares in this offering is a suitable and appropriate investment for you based on information provided by you regarding your financial situation and investment objectives. In making this determination, these persons have the responsibility to ascertain that you:
| meet the minimum income and net worth standards set forth under Suitability Standards immediately following the cover page of this prospectus; |
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| can reasonably benefit from an investment in our shares based on your overall investment objectives and portfolio structure; |
| are able to bear the economic risk of the investment based on your overall financial situation; |
| are in a financial position appropriate to enable you to realize to a significant extent the benefits described in this prospectus of an investment in our shares; and |
| have apparent understanding of: |
| the fundamental risks of the investment; |
| the risk that you may lose your entire investment; |
| the lack of liquidity of our shares; |
| the restrictions on transferability of our shares; and |
| the tax consequences of your investment. |
Relevant information for this purpose will include at least your age, investment objectives, investment experience, income, net worth, financial situation and other investments as well as any other pertinent factors. Our sponsor, those selling shares on our behalf and participating broker-dealers and registered investment advisors recommending the purchase of shares in this offering must maintain, for a six-year period, records of the information used to determine that an investment in shares is suitable and appropriate for you.
Until our shares of common stock are listed on a national securities exchange, subsequent purchasers, i.e., potential purchasers of your shares, must also meet the net worth or income standards.
Minimum Purchase Requirements
You must initially invest at least $2,500 in our shares to be eligible to participate in this offering. In order to satisfy this minimum purchase requirement, unless otherwise prohibited by state law, a husband and wife may jointly contribute funds from their separate IRAs, provided that each such contribution is made in increments of $100. You should note that an investment in our shares will not, in itself, create a retirement plan and that, in order to create a retirement plan, you must comply with all applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code.
If you have satisfied the applicable minimum purchase requirement, any additional purchase must be in amounts of at least $100. The investment minimum for subsequent purchases does not apply to shares purchased pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan.
Unless you are transferring all of your shares of common stock, you may not transfer your shares in a manner that causes you or your transferee to own fewer than the number of shares required to meet the minimum purchase requirements, except for the following transfers without consideration: transfers by gift, transfers by inheritance, intrafamily transfers, family dissolutions, transfers to affiliates and transfers by operation of law. These minimum purchase requirements are applicable until our shares of common stock are listed on a national securities exchange, and these requirements may make it more difficult for you to sell your shares.
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In addition to this prospectus, we may utilize additional sales materials in connection with the offering of the shares, although only when accompanied by or preceded by the delivery of this prospectus. The supplemental sales material will not contain all of the information material to an investment decision and should only be reviewed after reading this prospectus. These supplemental sales materials may include information relating to our offering, brochures, articles and publications concerning real estate.
In certain jurisdictions, some or all of such sales material may not be available. In addition, the sales material may contain certain quotes from various publications without obtaining the consent of the author or the publication for use of the quoted material in the sales material.
We are offering shares only by means of this prospectus. Although the information contained in our supplemental sales materials will not conflict with any of the information contained in this prospectus, the supplemental materials do not purport to be complete and should not be considered a part of or as incorporated by reference in this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
The validity of the shares of our common stock being offered hereby will be been passed upon for us by Venable LLP. Greenberg Traurig, LLP will review the statements relating to certain federal income tax matters under the caption Federal Income Tax Considerations and will pass upon our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.
The consolidated balance sheet of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. as of June 30, 2016 and February 12, 2016, appearing in this Prospectus and Registration Statement, has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon appearing elsewhere herein, and is included in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
Unless otherwise indicated, market data included in this prospectus in the section titled Market Opportunity is derived from a market study prepared for us by Rosen Consulting Group, a nationally recognized real estate consulting firm, and is included in this prospectus in reliance on Rosen Consulting Groups authority as an expert in such matters.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed a registration statement on Form S-11 with the SEC with respect to the shares of our common stock to be issued in this offering. This prospectus is a part of that registration statement and, as permitted by SEC rules, does not include all of the information you can find in the registration statement or the exhibits to the registration statement. For additional information relating to us, we refer you to the registration statement and the exhibits to the registration statement. Statements contained in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract or document are necessarily summaries of such contract or document and in each instance, if we have filed the contract or document as an exhibit to the registration statement, we refer you to the copy of the contract or document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement.
We will file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. We intend to furnish our stockholders with annual reports containing consolidated financial statements certified by an independent public accounting firm. The registration statement is, and any of these future filings with the SEC will be, available to the public over the Internet at the SECs web site at http://www.sec.gov . You may read and copy any filed document at the SECs public reference room in Washington, D.C. at 100 F. Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. Please call the SEC at (800) SEC-0330 for further information about the public reference room.
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INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
F-1 | ||||
F-2 | ||||
F-3 |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Rodin Global Access Property Trust, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Rodin Global Access Property Trust, Inc. as of June 30, 2016 and February 12, 2016. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Rodin Global Access Property Trust, Inc. at June 30, 2016 and February 12, 2016, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
New York, New York
July 19, 2016
F-1
Rodin Global Access Property Trust, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Assets |
June 30,
2016 |
February 12,
2016 |
||||||
Cash |
$ | 201,001 | $ | 201,001 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total assets |
$ | 201,001 | $ | 201,001 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Equity |
||||||||
Rodin Global Access Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders Equity Common stock, $0.01 par value; 300,000 shares authorized; 8,180 shares issued |
82 | 82 | ||||||
Additional paid-in-capital |
199,919 | 199,919 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Rodin Global Access Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders Equity |
200,001 | 200,001 | ||||||
Non-controlling interests |
1,000 | 1,000 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total equity |
$ | 201,001 | $ | 201,001 | ||||
|
|
|
|
See notes to the consolidated balance sheet.
F-2
Rodin Global Access Property Trust, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Balance Sheet
1. Organization
Rodin Global Access Property Trust, Inc. (the Company) was formed on February 2, 2016 as a Maryland corporation that intends to qualify as a real estate investment trust (REIT). The Company is 100% owned by Cantor Real Estate Investment Management, LLC (the Sponsor). The Companys consolidated balance sheet includes Rodin Global Access Property Trust Operating Partnership, L.P. (the Operating Partnership). Substantially all of the Companys business is expected to be conducted through the Operating Partnership, a Delaware partnership formed on February 11, 2016. The Company is the sole general and limited partner of the Operating Partnership. A wholly owned subsidiary of the Sponsor, Rodin Global Access Property Trust Op Holdings, LLC (the OP), has invested $1,000 in the Operating Partnership and has been issued a special class of limited partnership units, which is recorded as non-controlling interests on the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2016.
The Company intends to invest primarily in direct equity, joint venture equity, preferred equity, and mezzanine loans related to properties located primarily in the United States, U.K. and Europe that are net leased to single tenant occupants on a long term basis (generally longer than ten years remaining on the lease). The Company may also invest in assets related to properties that are partially leased, multi-tenanted, or subject to short-term net leases, among others. The Company may also invest in equity and debt securities issued by companies that are engaged in real estate-related businesses including REITs.
The Company will be externally managed by Cantor Global Property Advisors, LLC (the Advisor), a Delaware limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Sponsor. The Sponsor is a wholly owned subsidiary of CFIM Holdings, LLC. CFIM Holdings, LLC is a wholly owned subsidiary of Cantor Fitzgerald, L.P. (CFLP). As of June 30, 2016, the Company had not commenced operations. The Company has selected December 31 st as its fiscal year end.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated balance sheet is presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The consolidated balance sheet includes the accounts of the Company and its subsidiary in which the Company has a controlling interest.
Use of Estimates
Management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of the assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Management believes that the estimates utilized in preparing the consolidated balance sheet are reasonable. Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgment and available information. As such, actual results could differ materially from the estimates included in the consolidated balance sheet.
Cash
The Company considers cash held at depository institutions to be cash. Cash may at times exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation deposit insurance limit of $250,000 per institution.
Organization and Offering Costs
As of June 30, 2016, the Advisor has incurred costs of $606,402 related to, both, the organization of the Company and preparation of the registration statement pertaining to the public offering of the Companys stock. As of February 12, 2016, the Advisor had not incurred costs related to organization and offering on behalf of the Company. Currently, it is not the legal obligation of the Company to reimburse the Advisor for the costs incurred. The Company intends to enter into an agreement with the Advisor commensurate with the S-11 Registration Statement becoming effective whereby the Advisor will be entitled to receive reimbursement for such costs. As of June, 30, 2016, no such Advisor agreement has been executed. Therefore, as of June 30, 2016, no liability has been recorded on the consolidated balance sheet of the Company related to the costs incurred to date by the Advisor.
F-3
3. Income Taxes
The Company intends to elect to be taxed as a REIT and to comply with the related provisions under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, commencing with the taxable year ended December 31 of the year in which the Company satisfies the minimum offering requirement. Accordingly, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax to the extent of its distributions to stockholders and as long as certain asset, income and share ownership tests are met. The Company expects to have little or no taxable income prior to electing REIT status. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must annually distribute at least 90.0% of its REIT taxable income to its stockholders and meet certain other requirements. Under certain circumstances, federal income and excise taxes may be due on its undistributed taxable income. The Company may also be subject to certain state, local and franchise taxes. If the Company fails to meet these requirements, it will be subject to U.S. federal income tax, which could have a material adverse impact on its results of operations and amounts available for distributions to its stockholders.
4. Related Party Transactions
Subject to certain restrictions and limitations, the Advisor will be responsible for managing the Companys affairs on a day-to-day basis and for identifying, originating, acquiring and managing investments on behalf of the Company. For such services, to the extent permitted by law and regulations, the Advisor will receive fees and reimbursements from the Company. As of June 30, 2016 and February 12, 2016, the Advisory Agreement between the Company and the Advisor has not been finalized or executed.
5. Equity
Stockholders Equity
The Company is authorized to issue 300,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.01 per share. As of June 30, 2016 and February 12, 2016, there were 8,180 shares of common stock issued at a price of $24.45, which provided additional paid in capital of $199,919.
Non-controlling interests
The OP has invested $1,000 in the Operating Partnership and has been issued a special class of limited partnership units, which is recorded as non-controlling interests on the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2016 and February 12, 2016.
Below is a summary of the Stockholders Equity:
Controlling
Interest |
Noncontrolling
Interest in Subsidiaries |
Stockholders
Equity |
||||||||||
Balance at February 12, 2016 |
$ | 200,001 | $ | 1,000 | $ | 201,001 | ||||||
Net Income |
| | | |||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2016 |
$ | 200,001 | $ | 1,000 | $ | 201,001 |
6. Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the consolidated balance sheet was issued. There have been no other material subsequent events that would require recognition in this consolidated balance sheet or disclosure in the notes to the consolidated balance sheet.
F-4
Investor Instructions | Rodin Global Property Trust |
Please follow these instructions carefully. Failure to do so could result in the rejection of your subscription.
1. | SUBSCRIPTION AMOUNT |
PLEASE NOTE : Money Orders, Travelers Checks, Starter Checks, Foreign Checks, Counter Checks, Third-Party Checks or Cash cannot be accepted.
A minimum initial investment of $2,500 is required. All investments in Cantorsponsored REIT products count towards the $2,500 minimum. This does not affect the suitability standards applicable to investors in this offering. In no event shall any investment be less than $100. Until we have raised the minimum offering amount, you should make your check payable to UMB Bank, N.A., as escrow agent for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. Once we have raised $2,000,000 in the offering, including investments from persons who are affiliated with us, our sponsors or our advisor you should make your check payable to Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.
2. | SHARE CLASS SELECTION |
Please consult with your financial representative and check the appropriate box to indicate the class of shares you intend to purchase.
3. | ACCOUNT TYPE |
Please check the appropriate box to indicate the account type of the subscription and provide the requested documents, if applicable.
4. | ACCOUNT INFORMATION |
PLEASE NOTE : You must include a permanent street address even if your mailing address is a P.O. Box. If the investment is to be held by joint owners, you must provide the requested investor information for each joint owner.
Enter the name(s), mailing address(es), telephone number(s), and dates(s) of birth of the registered owner(s) of the investment. Partnerships, corporations and other organizations should include the name of an individual to whom correspondence should be addressed. Non-resident aliens must also supply IRS Form W-8BEN.
All investors must complete the space provided for taxpayer identification number or social security number. By signing in Section 8, you are certifying that the taxpayer identification number or social security number you have provided in Section 4 of the Subscription Agreement is correct.
Please print the exact name(s) in which the shares of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. to be acquired are to be registered. Include the trust/entity name, if applicable. If the account is an Individual Retirement Account (IRA) or custodial held account, include the names and taxpayer identification numbers of both the investor and the custodian or administrator.
You may elect to have your account documents, such as investor and proxy statements, tax forms, annual reports and other investor communications made available to you electronically. If you elect this option, you: (i) must provide a valid e-mail address in Section 3 of the Subscription Agreement; (ii) agree that you have the appropriate hardware and software to receive e-mail notifications and view PDF documents; (iii) understand you may incur certain costs associated with downloading and printing investor documents; and (iv) understand that electronic delivery also involves risks related to system or network outages that could impair your timely receipt of or access to your documents. Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. may choose to send one or more items to you in paper form despite your consent to electronic delivery. You may also request a paper copy of any particular investor document. Your consent will be effective until you revoke it by either changing your delivery preference online at [website] and logging into the site using the Investor Login option or by contacting Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. at [phone#].
5. | CUSTODIAN/THIRD PARTY ADMINISTRATOR INFORMATION |
Complete Section 4 if the registered owner of the investment will be a Custodian Plan. The Custodian/Administrator of the plan must sign page four of the Subscription Agreement.
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6. | DISTRIBUTION INFORMATION |
PLEASE NOTE : If you elect to participate in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan, you must agree that if at any time you fail to meet the minimum income and net worth standards or cannot make the other investor representations or warranties set forth in the Prospectus or the Subscription Agreement relating to such investment, you will promptly notify Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. in writing of that fact.
Complete Section 6 to enroll in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan, to elect to receive distributions by direct deposit and/or to elect to receive distributions by check. If you elect direct deposit into your checking or savings account (not available for brokerage accounts), you must attach a voided check with this completed Subscription Agreement. You can choose to have all or a portion of your distributions reinvested through the Distribution Reinvestment Plan. You must indicate the percentage of your distribution to be applied to each option selected and the sum of the allocations must equal 100%. If you do not complete Section 6, distributions will be paid to the registered owner at the address in Section 4, or for custodial held accounts, to the address listed in Section 5 of the Subscription Agreement. Custodial account distributions to a third party require custodian approval.
7. | BROKER-DEALER AND REGISTERED REPRESENTATIVE INFORMATION |
PLEASE NOTE : The Broker-Dealer or Registered Investment Adviser must complete Section 7 of the Subscription Agreement. To be listed as agent/firm of record, a selling agreement must be executed between Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. and the broker dealer/RIA. All fields are mandatory.
8. | SUBSCRIBER SIGNATURES |
Please separately initial each of the representations in Section 8, as applicable. Except in the case of fiduciary accounts, you may not grant any person a power of attorney to make such representations on your behalf.
Please refer to the Prospectus under Suitability Standards to verify that you meet the minimum suitability standards that are imposed by the state of your primary residence.
By signing the Subscription Agreement, you agree to provide the information in Section 8 and confirm that this information is true and correct. If we are unable to verify your identity or that of another person authorized to act on your behalf or if we believe we have identified potential criminal activity , we reserve the right to take action as we deem appropriate, including, but not limited to, closing your account or refusing to open your account.
9. | FINANCIAL REPRESENTATIVE SIGNATURES |
PLEASE NOTE : The Broker-Dealer or Registered Investment Advisor must sign Section 9 to complete the subscription.
Required Representations: By signing Section 9, the registered representative of the Broker-Dealer or Registered Investment Advisor confirms on behalf of the Broker-Dealer that he or she has:
| reasonable grounds to believe that the information and representations concerning the investor identified herein are true, correct and complete in all respects; |
| discussed the investors prospective purchase of shares with such investor; |
| advised the investor of all pertinent facts with regard to the lack of liquidity and marketability of the shares and other fundamental risks related to the investment in the shares, the restrictions on the transfer of the shares and the risk that the investor could lose his or her entire investment in the shares; |
| delivered to the investor the Prospectus required to be delivered in connection with this subscription; |
| reasonable grounds to believe that the investor is purchasing these shares for the account referenced in Section 3; and |
| reasonable grounds to believe that the purchase of shares is a suitable investment for such investor, such investor meets the suitability standards applicable to the investor set forth in the Prospectus and that such investor is in a financial position to enable the investor to realize the benefits of such an investment and to suffer any loss that may occur with respect thereto. |
A-2
In addition, the registered representative of the Broker-Dealer or Registered Investment Advisor represents that he or she and the Broker-Dealer, (1) are duly licensed and may lawfully offer and sell the shares in the state where the investment was made and in the state designated as the investors legal residence in Section 3 of the Subscription Agreement; and (2) agree to maintain records of the information used to determine that an investment in shares is suitable and appropriate for the investor for a period of six years.
Until we have raised the applicable minimum offering amount (see Section 1), the Subscription Agreement, together with a check for the full purchase price, should be delivered by your Broker-Dealer or Registered Investment Advisor, as applicable, to the UMB Bank, N.A.s address below.
Regular Mail or Overnight Delivery: | UMB Bank, N.A.,, as Escrow Agent for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | |
[Address | ||
X | ||
X | ||
Attention: X phone#] |
Once the applicable minimum offering amount has been raised (see Section 1) , the Subscription Agreement, together with a check for the full purchase price, should be delivered or mailed by your Broker-Dealer or Registered Investment Advisor, as applicable, to:
Regular Mail | Overnight Delivery | |
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | |
[c/o X | [c/o X | |
Address | Address | |
X] | X] |
[phone#]
After escrow, payments may be wired to: (Subscription Agreements may be faxed or sent to the address above.)
UMB Bank, N.A., | Account name: | |
Address | Cantor Real Estate Advisors LLC, as Trustee for | |
X | Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | |
X | [Account #: XXXXXXXXXX] | |
ABA# XXXXXXXXX] | ||
DOCUMENT FAX ACCEPTABLEFAX FORM TO [fax#] |
Rodin Global Property Trust Investor Instructions | ||
4/14 | 7016-A |
A-3
Form of Subscription Agreement | Rodin Global Property Trust |
1. | SUBSCRIPTION AMOUNT |
State of Sale: |
Amount of Subscription: | |||||||
Minimum investment is $2,500. |
¨ Shares are being purchased net of commissions. | |||||||
Money Orders, Travelers Checks, Starter Checks, Foreign Checks, Counter Checks, Third-Party Checks or Cash cannot be accepted. |
2. | SHARE CLASS SELECTION (required) |
¨ |
Share Class A |
¨ |
Share Class T |
¨ |
Share Class I |
3. ACCOUNT TYPE |
(Check ONE box only) |
¨ | Individual (If applicable, attach TOD form) | ¨ | S-Corporation 2 | ¨ | 401K | |||||||
¨ | Joint Tenant 1 (If applicable, attach TOD form) | ¨ | C-Corporation 2 | ¨ | Traditional (Individual) IRA | |||||||
¨ | Tenants in Common 1 | ¨ | Partnership 2 | ¨ | Simple IRA | |||||||
¨ | Community Property 1 | ¨ | Pension Plan 2 | ¨ | SEP IRA | |||||||
¨ | UGMA: State of ¨ | ¨ | Profit Sharing Plan 2 | ¨ | ROTH IRA | |||||||
¨ | UTMA: State of ¨ | ¨ | KEOGH Plan 2 | ¨ | Beneficial IRA as Beneficiary for: | |||||||
¨ | Trust 2,3 | ¨ | Other 2 | |||||||||
(Name of Deceased Owner) |
(1) All parties must sign. (2) Please attach pages of trust/plan document (or corporate/entity resolution) which lists the name of trust/plan/entity, trustees/officers or authorized signatories, signatures and date. (3) The Certification of Investment Powers for Trust Accounts form may be completed in lieu of providing trust documents. You may request a copy of this form by calling [phone#].
4. ACCOUNT INFORMATION |
(SSN OR TIN REQUIRED) |
Investor/Trustee 1 Name |
SSN/TIN | DOB |
Investor/Trustee 2 Name |
SSN/TIN | DOB |
¨ Please complete if registration of shares is different than above:
|
||||
Account Registration | ||||
Taxable ID | ||||
Legal Address | City | |||||||||
State | Zip Code | |||||||||
Mailing Address | City | |||||||||
State | Zip Code | |||||||||
(If same as above, please write same) | ||||||||||
Phone (Day) | ||||||||||
Phone (Evening) |
A-4
¨ US Citizen ¨ US Citizen residing outside the US ¨ Foreign citizen, country* |
¨ Check here if you are subject to backup withholding. (Please attach a copy of the withholding notice.) Sign here if you would like to receive investor communications electronically. Electronic delivery of investor communications is optional.** |
Signature of Investor | Date |
* | A U.S. Social Security number or Taxpayer Identification Number is required for all entities and authorized signers to open an account. Nonresident Aliens must supply a completed and signed original IRS Form W-8BEN. |
** | By checking this box, Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. will make certain investor communications available on its website at [website] and notify you via e-mail when such documents are available. Investor communications that may be delivered electronically include account statements, tax forms, annual reports, proxy statements and other investor communications. By electing electronic delivery, you: (i) agree that you have provided a valid e-mail address in this Section 3; (ii) agree that you have the appropriate hardware and software to receive e-mail notifications and view PDF documents; (iii) understand you may incur certain costs associated with downloading and printing investor documents; and (iv) understand that electronic delivery also involves risks related to system or network outages that could impair your timely receipt of or access to your documents. Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. may choose to send one or more items to you in paper form despite your consent to electronic delivery. You may also request a paper copy of any particular investor document. Your consent will be effective until you revoke it by either changing your delivery preference online at [website], and logging into the site using the Investor Login option or by contacting Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. at [phone#]. |
A-5
5. | CUSTODIAN/THIRD PARTY ADMINISTRATOR INFORMATION |
Custodian/Administrator Name |
Custodian/Administrator Address 1 |
Custodian/Administrator Address 2 |
Custodian/Administrator City | State | Zip Code |
Custodian/Administrator Phone No. |
Custodian/Administrator Tax ID |
Investors Account No. with Custodian/Administrator |
By executing this Subscription Agreement, the Custodian/Administrator certifies to the Company that the shares purchased pursuant to this Subscription Agreement are held for the benefit of the investor named in section 4 of this Subscription Agreement (the Beneficial Owner). The Custodian/Administrator agrees to notify the Company promptly, but in any event within 30 days of any change in the names of the Beneficial Owner or the number of shares for which the Custodian/Administrator holds shares. The Custodian/Administrator confirms that the Company is entitled to rely on these representations for purposes of determining the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at each annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Company until delivery by the Custodian/Administrator to the Company of a written statement revoking such representations (provided, however, that any such revocation delivered after the record date or the closing of the stock transfer books of the Company in respect of any annual or special meeting of stockholders, but on or prior to the date of such annual or special meeting of stockholders shall not be effective until after the holding of such annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Company). Each Beneficial Owner (and not the Custodian/Administrator) will then be deemed the holder of record for the shares of common stock for purposes of determining the stockholders holding common stock entitled to notice of or to vote at each annual or special meeting of stockholders. |
6. | DISTRIBUTION INFORMATION (CHOOSE ONE OR MORE OF THE FOLLOWING OPTIONS) |
If you select more than one option you must indicate the percentage of your distribution to be applied to each option and the sum of the allocations must equal 100%. Without custodial approval, cash distributions will be paid directly to the custodian for all custodial accounts. | % of distribution |
¨ I prefer to participate in the Dividend Reinvestment Plan, as described in the Prospectus. |
¨ Send distributions via check to investors home address (not available without custodial approval, if applicable) |
¨ Send distributions via check to alternate payee listed below (not available without custodial approval, if applicable) |
Name |
Address |
City | State | Zip Code |
Account No. |
¨ Direct Deposit (Attach Voided Check) I authorize Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., or its agent (collectively, Rodin) to deposit my distributions in the checking or savings (not available for brokerage accounts) account identified below. This authority will remain in force until I notify Rodin in writing to cancel it. In the event that Rodin deposits funds erroneously into my account, Rodin is authorized to debit my account for an amount not to exceed the amount of the erroneous deposit (not available without custodial approval, if applicable) . |
% of distribution |
|
Financial Institution Name |
¨ Checking | ¨ Savings |
ABA/Routing No. |
Account No. |
A-6
7. | BROKER-DEALER AND REGISTERED REPRESENTATIVE INFORMATION |
Selling Agreement must be executed with Cantor Fitzgerald to be listed as agent/firm of record.
Broker-Dealer Name |
Representative Name |
Rep. No. |
Representatives Company Name |
Branch ID |
Representatives Address |
Reps City |
State | Zip Code |
Reps Phone No. |
Fax No. |
Reps E-mail Address |
REGISTERED INVESTMENT ADVISER (RIA): All sales of shares of common stock must be made through a Broker-Dealer. If a RIA has introduced a sale, the sale must be conducted through (i) the RIA in its capacity as a Registered Representative, if applicable; (ii) a Registered Representative of a Broker-Dealer that is affiliated with the RIA, if applicable; or (iii) if neither (i) or (ii) is applicable, an unaffiliated Broker-Dealer.
Rodin Global Property Trust Subscription Agreement
A-7
8. | SUBSCRIBER SIGNATURES |
TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER CONFIRMATION (REQUIRED): The investor signing below, under penalties of perjury, certifies that (i) the number shown on this Subscription Agreement is his or her correct Taxpayer Identification Number (or he or she is waiting for a number to be issued to him or her ), (ii) he or she is not subject to backup withholding either because he or she has not been notified by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that he or she is subject to backup withholding as a result of a failure to report all interest or distributions, or the IRS has notified him or her that he or she is no longer subject to backup withholding and (iii) he or she is a U.S. Citizen unless otherwise indicated in Section 4. NOTE: CLAUSE (ii) IN THIS CERTIFICATION SHOULD BE CROSSED OUT IF THE WITHHOLDING BOX HAS BEEN CHECKED IN THE INVESTOR INFORMATION SECTION.
Please separately initial each of the representations below, if applicable. Except in the case of fiduciary accounts, you may not grant any person a power of attorney to make such representations on your behalf. For the purposes of this Section 8, net worth in all cases should be calculated excluding the value of an investors home, home furnishings and automobiles and liquid net worth is defined as that portion of an investors net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable investments. In order to induce Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. to accept this subscription, I hereby represent and warrant to you as follows:
Owner | Joint Owner | |||||
Initials | Initials | |||||
(a) | I have received the final Prospectus of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., as amended and supplemented as of the date hereof, at least five business days before signing this Subscription Agreement. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(b) | I have (i) a minimum net worth (exclusive of home, home furnishings and personal automobiles) of at least $250,000 or (ii) a minimum net worth (as previously described) of at least $70,000 and a minimum annual gross income of at least $70,000, and, if applicable, I meet the higher net worth and gross income requirements imposed by my state of primary residence as set forth under Suitability Standards in the Prospectus. I will not purchase additional shares unless I meet the applicable suitability requirements set forth in the Prospectus at the time of purchase. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(c) | I acknowledge that this is a long term investment and there is no public market for the shares purchased. Thus, my investment in these shares is not liquid. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(d) | I am purchasing the shares for the account referenced in this Subscription Agreement. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(e) | I acknowledge I will not be admitted as a stockholder until my investment has been accepted. The acceptance process includes, but is not limited to, reviewing this Subscription Agreement for completeness and signatures, conducting an Anti-Money Laundering check as required by the USA Patriot Act and payment of the full purchase price of the shares. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(f) | If I am an Alabama resident, I acknowledge that I have a liquid net worth of at least ten times my investment in Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. and our affiliates. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(g) | If I am a California resident, I acknowledge that I have (i) either (a) a net worth of at least $350,000 or (b) a gross annual income of at least $70,000 and a net worth of at least $150,000, and (ii) a net worth of at least ten times my investment in Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(h) | If I am an Idaho resident, I acknowledge that I have either: (i) a liquid net worth of $85,000 and annual income of $85,000 or (ii) a liquid net worth of $300,000. Additionally, I acknowledge that I have a liquid net worth of at least ten times my investment in Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. Liquid net worth is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable investments. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(i) | If I am an Iowa resident, I acknowledge that I have (i) either (a) a net worth of at least $350,000 or (b) a gross annual income of at least $70,000 and a net worth of at least $100,000, and (ii) a liquid net worth of at least ten times my investment in Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., its affiliates, and other similar programs. Liquid net worth is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable investments. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(j) | If I am a Kansas resident, I acknowledge it is recommended by the Office of the Kansas Securities Commissioner that Kansas investors not invest, in the aggregate, more than 10% of their liquid net worth in this and other non-traded real estate investment trusts. Liquid net worth is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable investments. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(k) | If I am a Kentucky resident, I acknowledge that I have a net worth of at least ten times my investment in Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(l) | If I am a Maine resident, I acknowledge that it is recommended by the Maine Office of Securities that Maine investors not invest more than 10% of their liquid net worth in this and similar direct participation investments. Liquid net worth is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(m) | If I am a Massachusetts resident, I acknowledge it is recommended by the Massachusetts Securities Division that Massachusetts investors not invest more than 10% of their liquid net worth in this and similar direct participation investments. | ¨ | ¨ |
A-8
Owner | Joint Owner | |||||
Initials | Initials | |||||
(n) | If I am a Missouri resident, I acknowledge that I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in this offering. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(o) | If I am a Nebraska resident, I acknowledge that I (i) have either (a) an annual gross income of at least $100,000 and a net worth of at least $100,000, or (b) a net worth of at least $350,000; and (ii) unless I am an accredited investor under federal securities laws, have a net worth (exclusive of home, home furnishings, and automobiles) of at least ten times my investment in Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. and securities of other similar programs. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(p) | If I am a Nevada resident, I acknowledge that I have a net worth (exclusive of home, home furnishings and automobiles) of at least 10 times my investment in Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(q) | If I am a New Jersey investor, I acknowledge that I must have either, (a) a minimum liquid net worth of at least $100,000 and a minimum annual gross income of not less than $85,000, or (b) a minimum liquid net worth of at least $350,000. For these purposes, liquid net worth is defined as that portion of net worth (total assets exclusive of home, home furnishings, and automobiles, minus total liabilities) that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. In addition, my investment in Rodin Income Trust, Inc., its affiliates, and other non-publicly traded direct investment programs (including real estate investment trusts, business development companies, oil and gas programs, equipment leasing programs and commodity pools, but excluding unregistered, federally and state exempt private offerings) may not exceed ten percent (10%) of my liquid net worth. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(r) | If I am a New Mexico resident, I acknowledge that I have a liquid net worth of at least 10% my investment in Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., its affiliates, and other similar programs. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(s) | If I am a North Dakota resident, I acknowledge that I have a net worth of at least 10% my investment in Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(t) | If I am an Oregon resident, I acknowledge that I have a liquid net worth of at least 10% my investment in Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(u) | If I am a Pennsylvania resident, I acknowledge that I may not invest more than 10% of my net worth in this offering. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(v) | If I am a Tennessee resident, I acknowledge that I have a liquid net worth (exclusive of home, home furnishings and automobiles) of at least 10% my investment in Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | ¨ | ¨ | |||
(w) | If I am a Vermont resident, I acknowledge that I am either an accredited investor or have a liquid net worth (exclusive of home, home furnishings and automobiles) of at least 10% my investment in Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | ¨ | ¨ |
The Internal Revenue Service does not require your consent to any provision of this document other than the certifications required to avoid backup withholding. If custodial held account, Administrator or Custodian must sign.
Signature of Investor | Date |
Signature of Joint Investor or, for Custodial Held Accounts, of Custodian or Administrator |
Date |
Investors will receive confirmations of their purchases upon acceptance of their subscriptions.
Rodin Global Property Trust Subscription Agreement
A-9
9. | FINANCIAL REPRESENTATIVE SIGNATURES |
The investors financial advisor must sign below to complete the order. The financial advisor hereby warrants that he is duly licensed and may lawfully offer and sell the shares of common stock in the state where the sale was made and in the state designated as the investors legal residence. The financial advisor agrees to maintain records of the information used to determine that an investment in the shares is suitable and appropriate for the investor for a period of six years. The undersigned confirms by their signatures that they (i) have reasonable grounds to believe that the information and representations concerning the investor identified in this Subscription Agreement are true, correct and complete in all respects; (ii) discussed such investors prospective purchase of shares with such investor; (iii) advised such investor of all pertinent facts with regard to the lack of liquidity and marketability of the shares and other fundamental risks related to the investment in the shares, the restrictions on the transfer of the shares and the risk that the investor could lose his or her entire investment in the shares; (iv) delivered to such investor the Prospectus required to be delivered in connection with this subscription; (v) have reasonable grounds to believe that the investor is purchasing these shares for his or her own account; and (vi) have reasonable grounds to believe that the purchase of shares is a suitable investment for such investor, that such investor meets the suitability standards applicable to such investor set forth in the Prospectus, and that such investor is in a financial position to enable such investor to realize the benefits of such an investment and to suffer any loss that may occur with respect thereto.
I understand this Subscription Agreement is for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.
Signature of Financial Representative | Date |
Branch Manager Signature (If required by Broker/Dealer) |
Date |
PLEASE NOTE: Until we have raised the minimum offering amount, you should make your check payable to UMB Bank, N.A., as escrow agent for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. Once we have raised $2,000,000 in the offering, including investments from persons who are affiliated with us, our sponsors or our advisor you should make your check payable to Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.
|
Until we have raised the applicable minimum offering amount (see above) , the Subscription Agreement, together with a check for the full purchase price, should be delivered by your Broker-Dealer or Registered Investment Advisor, as applicable, to the [Escrow Agent] address below.
Regular Mail or Overnight Delivery
UMB Bank, N.A., as Escrow Agent for
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.
[Address
X
X
Attention: X]
[phone#]
Once the applicable minimum offering amount has been raised (above) , the Subscription Agreement, together with a check for the full purchase price, should be delivered or mailed by your Broker-Dealer or Registered Investment Advisor, as applicable, to:
Regular Mail | Overnight Delivery | |
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. | |
[c/o X | [c/o X | |
Address | Address | |
X] | X] |
[phone#]
After escrow, payments may be wired to: (Subscription Agreements may be faxed or sent to the address above.)
UMB Bank, N.A., Address X X ABA# XXXXXXXXX] |
Account name: Cantor Real Estate Advisors LLC, as Trustee for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. [Account #: XXXXXXXXXX] |
DOCUMENT FAX ACCEPTABLE FAX FORM TO [fax#]
Rodin Global Property Trust Subscription Agreement | ||
4/14 | 7015-A |
A-10
DISTRIBUTION REINVESTMENT PLAN
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the Company ), has adopted a Distribution Reinvestment Plan (the DRP ), the terms and conditions of which are set forth below. Capitalized terms shall have the same meaning as set forth in the Companys charter unless otherwise defined herein.
1. Participants . Participants are holders of the Shares who elect to participate in the DRP.
2. Distribution Reinvestment . Exclusive of dividends and other distributions that the Companys board of directors designates as ineligible for reinvestment through this DRP, the Company will apply that portion (as designated by a Participant) of the dividends and other distributions ( Distributions ) declared and paid in respect of a Participants shares of Common Stock (the Shares ) to the purchase of additional Shares for such Participant. To the extent required by state securities laws, such shares will be sold through the broker-dealer and/or dealer manager through whom the Company sold the underlying shares to which the Distributions relate unless the Participant makes a new election through a different distribution channel. The Company will not pay selling commissions on Shares purchased in the DRP. The Shares purchased pursuant to the DRP shall be of the same share class as the shares with respect to which the Participant is receiving cash distributions to be reinvested in the DRP.
3. Procedures for Participation . Qualifying stockholders may elect to become Participants by completing and executing the Subscription Agreement, an enrollment form or any other Company-approved authorization form as may be available from the Company, the dealer manager or participating broker-dealers. To increase their participation, Participants must complete a new enrollment form and, to the extent required by state securities laws, make the election through the dealer manager or the Participants broker-dealer, as applicable. Participation in the DRP will begin with the next Distribution payable after receipt of a Participants Subscription Agreement, enrollment form or other Company-approved authorization form. Shares will be purchased under the DRP on the date that the Company makes a Distribution.
4. Purchase of Shares . Until the Company establishes an estimated value per share of each class of Shares , Participants will acquire Shares at $25.00 Per Share. Once the Company establishes an estimated value per share of each class of Shares, Participants will acquire Shares at a price per share equal to the then-current NAV per Share for such class of Shares. Participants in the Plan may also purchase fractional Shares so that 100% of the Distributions will be used to acquire Shares. However, a Participant will not be able to acquire shares under the DRP to the extent such purchase would cause it to exceed limits set forth in the Companys charter, as amended.
5. Taxation of Distributions . The reinvestment of Distributions in the DRP does not relieve Participants of any taxes that may be payable as a result of those Distributions and their reinvestment pursuant to the terms of this DRP.
6. Share Certificates . The Shares issuable under the DRP shall be uncertificated until the board of directors determines otherwise.
7. Voting of DRP Shares . In connection with any matter requiring the vote of the Companys stockholders, each Participant will be entitled to vote all Shares acquired by the Participant through the DRP.
8. Reports . Within 90 days after the end of the calendar year, the Company shall provide each Participant with (i) an individualized report on the Participants investment, including the purchase date(s), purchase price and number of shares owned, as well as the amount of Distributions received during the prior year; and (ii) all material information regarding the DRP and the effect of reinvesting dividends, including the tax consequences thereof. The Company shall provide such information reasonably requested by the dealer manager or a participating broker-dealer, in order for the dealer manager or participating broker-dealer to meet its obligations to deliver written notification to Participants of the information required by Rule 10b-10(b) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
9. Termination by Participant . A Participant may terminate participation in the DRP at any time by delivering to the Company a written notice. To be effective for any Distribution, such notice must be received by the Company at least four business days prior to the last business day prior to the payment of such Distribution. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, if the Company announces a new estimated value per Share, then a Participant shall have no less than two business days after the date of such announcement to notify the Company in writing of Participants termination of participation in the DRP and Participants termination will be effective for the next date shares are purchased under the DRP. Any transfer of shares by a Participant will terminate participation in the DRP with respect to the transferred shares. Upon termination of DRP participation, Distributions will be distributed to the stockholder in cash.
B-1
10. Amendment, Suspension or Termination of DRP by the Company . The Company may amend, suspend or terminate the DRP for any reason upon ten days notice to the Participants. The Company may provide notice by including such information (a) in a Current Report on Form 8-K or in its annual or quarterly reports, all publicly filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission or (b) in a separate mailing to the participants.
11. Liability of the Company . The Company shall not be liable for any act done in good faith, or for any good faith omission to act.
12. Governing Law . The DRP shall be governed by the laws of the State of Maryland.
B-2
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.
Maximum Offering of
$1,250,000,000 in Shares of
Class A, Class T and Class I
Common Stock
PROSPECTUS
Cantor Fitzgerald & Co.
Until , 20 , all dealers that effect transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in our offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the obligation of the dealers to deliver a prospectus when acting as participating broker-dealers.
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No dealer, salesperson or other individual has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations that are not contained in this prospectus. If any such information or statements are given or made, you should not rely upon such information or representation. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell any securities other than those to which this prospectus relates, or an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, to any person in any jurisdiction where such an offer or solicitation would be unlawful. This prospectus speaks as of the date set forth above. You should not assume that the delivery of this prospectus or that any sale made pursuant to this prospectus implies that the information contained in this prospectus will remain fully accurate and correct as of any time subsequent to the date of this prospectus.
[ ● ], 2016
PART II. INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 31. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The following table sets forth the costs and expenses payable by Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. (the Company) in connection with the distribution of the securities being registered, other than selling commissions , the dealer manager fee and distribution fees . All amounts are estimated except the SEC registration fee and the FINRA filing fee.
Item |
Amount | |||
SEC registration fee |
$ | 144,875 | ||
FINRA filing fee |
188,000 | |||
Legal fees and expenses |
3,000,000 | |||
Blue sky fees and expenses |
350,000 | |||
Accounting fees and expenses |
1,250,000 | |||
Sales and advertising expenses |
1,750,000 | |||
Printing |
2,731,000 | |||
Transfer agent and escrow agent fees and expenses |
1,886,125 | |||
Due diligence expenses |
1,200,000 | |||
Total |
$ | 12,500,000 |
Item 32. Sales to Special Parties
The Companys directors and officers and, to the extent consistent with applicable laws and regulations, the employees of Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC and affiliated entities, business associates and others purchasing pursuant to the Companys friends and family program, will be allowed to purchase Class I Shares in the Companys primary offering at a discount from the public offering price. The purchase price for such shares will be the then current offering price per Class I Share net of dealer manager fees . The net proceeds to the Company from such sales made net of commissions will be substantially the same as the net proceeds the Company receives from other sales of shares in the primary offering.
Item 33. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
Sale to Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC
In connection with the Companys organization, in February 2016, it issued 8,180 Class A Shares to Cantor Fitzgerald Investors , LLC at a purchase price of $24.45 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $200,001. The Company issued these shares in a private transaction exempt from the registration requirements pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 (the Act).
Item 34. Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Subject to the limitations set forth below, the Company has included in its charter a provision limiting the liability of its directors and officers to the Company and its stockholders for money damages. Under Maryland law, such exculpation is not permitted for any liability resulting from (a) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or (b) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action.
Subject to the limitations set forth below, the charter also provides that the Company shall indemnify and advance expenses to a director, an officer or the advisor or any of its affiliates against any and all losses or liabilities reasonably incurred by them in connection with or by reason of any act or omission performed or omitted to be performed on behalf of the Company in such capacity.
The Maryland General Corporation Law requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which the Companys charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made or threatened to be made a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. The Maryland General Corporation Law permits directors and officers to be indemnified against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred in connection with a proceeding unless the following can be established: (i) an act or omission of the director or officer was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding, and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; (ii) the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or (iii) with respect to any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe his or her act or omission was unlawful.
A court may order indemnification if it determines that the director or officer is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification, even though the director or officer did not meet the prescribed standard of conduct or was adjudged liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received. However, indemnification for an adverse judgment in a suit by the corporation or in its right, or for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, is limited to expenses.
The Maryland General Corporation Law permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon receipt of a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.
However, in addition to the above limitations of the Maryland General Corporation Law, the Companys charter provides that, the Company shall not indemnify a director, the advisor or any of the advisors affiliates (each an Indemnitee) for any liability or loss suffered by an Indemnitee, nor shall it hold an Indemnitee harmless for any liability or loss suffered by the Company, unless all of the following conditions are met: (i) an Indemnitee has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interests of the Company; (ii) the Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Company; (iii) such liability or loss was not the result of (A) negligence or misconduct by the Indemnitee, excluding an Independent Director, or (B) gross negligence or willful misconduct by an Independent Director; and (iv) such indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of the Companys net assets and not from its common stockholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Indemnitee shall not be indemnified by the Company for any losses, liability or expenses arising from or out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws by such party unless one or more of the following conditions are met: (i) there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged material securities law violations as to the particular Indemnitee; (ii) such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as to the particular Indemnitee; and (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against a particular Indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which securities of the Company were offered or sold as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.
The charter provides that the advancement of Company funds to an Indemnitee for legal expenses and other costs incurred as a result of any legal action for which indemnification is being sought is permissible only if all of the following conditions are satisfied: (i) the legal action relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of the Company; (ii) the legal action is initiated by a third party who is not a common stockholder or the legal action is initiated by a common stockholder acting in his or her capacity as such and a court of competent jurisdiction specifically approves such advancement; and (iii) the Indemnitee provides the Company with written affirmation of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and a written agreement to repay the advanced funds to the Company, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if the Indemnitee is found not to be entitled to indemnification.
It is the position of the SEC that indemnification of directors and officers for liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy and is unenforceable pursuant to Section 14 of the Securities Act.
II-2
The Company has entered into indemnification agreements with each of its directors and executive officers. Pursuant to the terms of these indemnification agreements, the Company will indemnify and advance expenses and costs incurred by its directors and executive officers in connection with any claims, suits or proceedings brought against such directors and executive officers as a result of their service. However, the Companys indemnification obligation is subject to the limitations set forth in the indemnification agreements and in its charter. The Company has also purchased and maintains insurance on behalf of all of its directors and executive officers against liability asserted against or incurred by them in their official capacities with the Company, whether or not the Company is required or has the power to indemnify them against the same liability.
Item 35. Treatment of Proceeds from Stock Being Registered
Not applicable.
Item 36. Financial Statements and Exhibits
(a) | Financial Statements . See Index to Consolidated Balance Sheet and Prior Performance Tables. |
(b) | Exhibits . |
The following exhibits are filed as part of this registration statement or incorporated into this registration statement by reference:
Exhibit Number |
Description |
|
1.1 | Form of Dealer Manager Agreement | |
1.2 | Form of Selected Dealer Agreement | |
3.1 | Form of Articles of Amendment and Restatement | |
3.2 | Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws | |
4.1 | Form of Subscription Agreement, included as Appendix A to the prospectus | |
4.2 | Form of Distribution Reinvestment Plan, included as Appendix B to the prospectus | |
5.1 | Opinion of Venable LLP as to the legality of the securities being registered* | |
8.1 | Opinion of Greenberg Traurig, LLP regarding certain federal income tax considerations* | |
10.1 | Form of Escrow Agreement* | |
10.2 | Form of Advisory Agreement | |
10.3 | Form of Limited Partnership Agreement of Operating Partnership | |
10.4 | Form of Distribution Support Agreement* | |
10.5 | Rodin Income Trust, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan* | |
10.6 | Rodin Income Trust, Inc. Independent Directors Compensation Plan* | |
10.7 | Form of Indemnification Agreement* | |
10.8 | Form of Reimbursement Agreement* | |
21.1 | Subsidiaries of the Company* | |
23.1 | Consent of Venable LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)* |
II-3
Exhibit Number |
Description |
|
23.2 | Consent of Greenberg Traurig, LLP (included in Exhibit 8.1)* | |
23.3 | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP | |
23.4 | Consent of Rosen Consulting Group | |
24.1 | Power of Attorney (included on signature page of registration statement)* |
* | To be filed by amendment. |
Item 37. Undertakings
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) | to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: |
(i) | to include any prospectuses required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act; |
(ii) | to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement; notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the Calculation of Registration Fee table in the effective registration statement; and |
(iii) | to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement; |
(2) | that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein and our offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; |
(3) | that for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser: |
(i) | if the registrant is relying on Rule 430B: |
(A) | Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and |
(B) | Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; or |
(ii) | if the registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use. |
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(4) | to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered that remain unsold at the termination of our offering; |
(5) | that all post-effective amendments will comply with the applicable forms, rules and regulations of the SEC in effect at the time such post-effective amendments are filed; |
(6) | that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, in a primary offering of securities of the registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser: |
(i) | any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the registrant relating to our offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; |
(ii) | any free writing prospectus relating to our offering prepared by or on behalf of the registrant or used or referred to by the registrant; |
(iii) | the portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to our offering containing material information about the registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the registrant; and |
(iv) | any other communication that is an offer in our offering made by the registrant to the purchaser; |
(7) | to send to each stockholder, at least on an annual basis, a detailed statement of any transactions with the registrants advisor or its affiliates and of fees, commissions, compensations and other benefits paid or accrued to the advisor or its affiliates, for the fiscal year completed, showing the amount paid or accrued to each recipient and the services performed; |
(8) | to provide to the stockholders the financial statements required by Form 10-K for the first full fiscal year of operations; |
(9) | to file a sticker supplement pursuant to Rule 424(c) under the Securities Act during the distribution period describing each significant property not identified in the prospectus at such time as there arises a reasonable probability that such property will be acquired and to consolidate all such stickers into a post-effective amendment filed at least once every three months, with the information contained in such amendment provided simultaneously to the existing stockholders. Each sticker supplement shall disclose all compensation and fees received by the advisor and its affiliates in connection with any such acquisition. The post-effective amendment shall include or incorporate by reference audited financial statements in the format described in Rule 3-14 of Regulation S-X that have been filed or should have been filed on Form 8-K for all significant properties acquired during the distribution period; |
(10) | to file after the distribution period a current report on Form 8-K containing the financial statements and any additional information required by Rule 3-14 of Regulation S-X, for each significant property acquired and to provide the information contained in such report to the existing stockholders at least once each quarter after the distribution period of the offering has ended; and |
(11) | insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any such action, suit, or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-11 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, State of New York, on the 17 th day of October, 2016.
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST, INC. |
||
By: |
/s/ Michael Lehrman |
|
Michael Lehrman | ||
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
Name |
Title |
Date |
||
/s/ Michael Lehrman |
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
October 17, 2016 | ||
Michael Lehrman | ||||
/s/ Steve Bisgay |
Director and Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer) |
October 17, 2016 | ||
Steve Bisgay |
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number |
Description |
|
1.1 | Form of Dealer Manager Agreement | |
1.2 | Form of Selected Dealer Agreement | |
3.1 | Form of Articles of Amendment and Restatement | |
3.2 | Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws | |
4.1 | Form of Subscription Agreement, included as Appendix A to the prospectus | |
4.2 | Form of Distribution Reinvestment Plan, included as Appendix B to the prospectus | |
5.1 | Opinion of Venable LLP as to the legality of the securities being registered* | |
8.1 | Opinion of Greenberg Traurig, LLP regarding certain federal income tax considerations* | |
10.1 | Form of Escrow Agreement* | |
10.2 | Form of Advisory Agreement | |
10.3 | Form of Limited Partnership Agreement of Operating Partnership | |
10.4 | Form of Distribution Support Agreement* | |
10.5 | Rodin Income Trust, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan* | |
10.6 | Rodin Income Trust, Inc. Independent Directors Compensation Plan* | |
10.7 | Form of Indemnification Agreement* | |
10.8 | Form of Reimbursement Agreement* | |
21.1 | Subsidiaries of the Company* | |
23.1 | Consent of Venable LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)* | |
23.2 | Consent of Greenberg Traurig, LLP (included in Exhibit 8.1)* | |
23.3 | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP | |
23.4 | Consent of Rosen Consulting Group | |
24.1 | Power of Attorney (included on signature page of registration statement) * |
* | To be filed by amendment. |
Exhibit 1.1
[LOGO]
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
Up to $1,250,000,000 in Shares of Common Stock
FORM OF DEALER MANAGER AGREEMENT
This Dealer Manager Agreement (the Agreement) is made and entered into as of the day of , 2016 between Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. , a Maryland corporation (the Company), Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC , a Delaware limited liability company (the Sponsor), and Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. , a New York general partnership (the Dealer Manager).
Whereas, on [], 2016, the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-11 (such registration statement and any prospectus contained therein, as they may be amended, including any pre-effective amendments, post-effective amendments or other supplements to such registration statement or such prospectus after the effective date of registration, being respectively referred to herein as the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, respectively, as more fully defined below) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) for the registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act) of an offering (the Offering) of up to $1,250,000,000 in any combination of Class A shares (the Class A Shares), Class T shares (the Class T Shares) and Class I shares (the Class I Shares) of its common stock, $0.01 par value per share (the Class A Shares, the Class T Shares and Class I Shares collectively, the Shares);
Whereas, the Offering is comprised of $1,000,000,000 of Shares that will be issued and sold to the public (the Primary Offering) and $250,000,000 of Shares that will be offered pursuant to the Companys distribution reinvestment plan (the DRP) (subject to the Companys right to reallocate such Share amounts, as described in the Prospectus);
Whereas, in connection with the Offering, the minimum initial purchase by any one person shall be $2,500 in Shares (except as otherwise indicated in the Prospectus) and at least $2,000,000 in Shares must be sold in the Offering (the Minimum Offering) before one year from the date of the Prospectus; and
Whereas, the Company desires to retain the Dealer Manager to use its best efforts to sell the Shares and to manage the sale by other participating broker dealers (the Dealers) of the Shares and Dealer Manager desires to serve as the Dealer Manager for the Company for the sale of the Shares upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and in the Registration Statement.
Now, therefore, in consideration of the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth and for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, it is agreed between the Company, the Sponsor and the Dealer Manager as follows:
1. | Representations and Warranties of the Company : |
The Company represents and warrants to the Dealer Manager and the Sponsor that:
a. Registration Statement and Prospectus . The Company has filed a Registration Statement on Form S-11 (Registration Statement No. 333-[]) and the related Prospectus with the SEC in accordance with applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations (the Rules and Regulations) of the SEC promulgated thereunder, covering the Shares. Said Registration Statement, which includes a preliminary prospectus, was initially filed with the SEC on [], 2016. Copies of such Registration Statement and each amendment thereto have been or will be delivered to the Dealer Manager. The Registration Statement (including financial statements, exhibits and all other documents related thereto that are filed as a part thereof or incorporated therein) and Prospectus contained therein, as finally amended and revised at the effective date of the Registration Statement (including at the effective date of any post-effective amendment thereto), are respectively referred to herein as the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, except that if the Prospectus filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act shall differ from the Prospectus, the term Prospectus shall also include the Prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b). Every contract or document required by the Securities Act or Rules and Regulations to be filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement has been and will be so filed with the SEC.
b. The Company . The Company is and will be at all times during the Offering duly and validly organized and formed as a corporation under the laws of the state of Maryland, with the power and authority to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus.
c. Compliance with the Securities Act . At the time the Registration Statement becomes effective and at the time that any post-effective amendment thereto becomes effective, the Registration Statement and Prospectus will comply with the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations and at the time the Registration Statement becomes effective and at the time that any post-effective amendment thereto becomes effective and during the Offering the Registration Statement and Prospectus will not contain any untrue statements of material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading; provided , however , that the foregoing provisions of this Section 1(c) will not apply to statements contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement or Prospectus that are made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Company in writing by the Dealer Manager or any of the Dealers specifically for inclusion in the Registration Statement or Prospectus.
d. Use of Proceeds . The Company intends to use the funds received from the sale of the Shares as set forth in the Prospectus.
e. Absence of Further Consents and Approvals . No consent, approval, authorization or other order of any governmental authority is required in connection with the execution or delivery by the Company of this Agreement or the issuance and sale by the Company of the Shares, except such as may be required under the Securities Act or applicable state securities laws.
f. No Order of Suspension . No order preventing or suspending the use of a Prospectus has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose are pending, threatened or, to the knowledge of the Company, contemplated by the SEC; and to the knowledge of the Company, no order suspending the offering of the Shares in any jurisdiction has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or threatened or are contemplated.
g. No Pending Actions . There are no actions, suits or proceedings pending or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company at law or in equity or before or by any Federal or state commission, regulatory body or administrative agency or other governmental body, domestic or foreign, which will have a material adverse effect on the business or property of the Company.
h. Absence of Conflict or Default . The execution and delivery of this Agreement, the consummation of the transactions herein contemplated and compliance with the terms of this Agreement by the Company will not conflict with or constitute a default under (i) any of its organizational documents, (ii) any, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, or lease to which the Company is a party or by which it may be bound, or to which any of the property or assets of the Company is subject, or (iii) any rule, regulation, writ, injunction or decree of any government, governmental instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its assets, properties or operations, except in the case of clause (ii) and (iii) for such conflicts or defaults that would not individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), business, properties or results of operations of the Partnership.
i. Requisite Authority . The Company has all necessary power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to perform the transactions contemplated hereby, except to the extent that the enforceability of the indemnity and/or contribution provisions contained in Section 7 of this Agreement may be limited under applicable securities laws and to the extent that the enforceability of this Agreement may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws that affect creditors rights generally or by equitable principles relating to the availability of remedies.
j. Authorization of Agreement . This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company, and assuming due authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Sponsor and the Dealer Manager, will constitute a valid and legally binding agreement of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that the enforceability of the indemnity and/or contribution provisions contained in Section 7 of this Agreement may be limited under applicable securities laws and to the extent that the enforceability of this Agreement may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws that affect creditors rights generally or by equitable principles relating to the availability of remedies.
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k. Authorization of Shares . At the time of the issuance of the Shares, the Shares will have been duly authorized and validly issued, and upon payment therefor, will be fully paid and nonassessable and will conform to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus; no holder thereof will be subject to personal liability for the obligations of the Company solely by reason of being such a holder; such Shares are not subject to the preemptive rights of any shareholder of the Company; and all action required to be taken for the authorization, issue and sale of such Shares has been validly and sufficiently taken.
l. Taxes . The Company has filed all Federal, state and foreign income tax returns, which have been required to be filed, on or before the due date (taking into account all extensions of time to file) and has paid or provided for the payment of all taxes indicated by said returns and all assessments received by the Company to the extent that such taxes or assessments have become due.
m. Financial Statements . The financial statements of the Company included in the Prospectus present fairly in all material respects the financial position of the Company as of the date indicated and the results of its operations for the periods specified; said financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis.
n. Investment Company Act . The Company does not intend to conduct its business so as to be an investment company as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder, and it will exercise reasonable diligence to ensure that it does not become an investment company within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
o. Qualification as a Real Estate Investment Trust . The Company intends to satisfy the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), for qualification of the Company as a real estate investment trust and, to the knowledge of the Company, there currently exists no circumstance that will prevent the Company from complying with such requirements as contemplated in the Prospectus. The Company intends to operate the business of the Company so as to comply with such requirements to elect status as a real estate investment trust at such time as it so qualifies.
p. Due Diligence Materials . To the knowledge of the Company, all materials provided by the Company or any of its affiliates to the Dealer, including materials provided to the Dealer in connection with its due diligence investigation relating to the Offering, were materially accurate as of the date provided.
q. Authorized Sales Materials . Any and all supplemental sales materials, sales literature, advertising and other material as shall have been previously approved by the Company or an authorized agent of the Company in writing and all appropriate regulatory agencies (the Authorized Sales Materials) prepared by the Company and any of its affiliates (excluding the Dealer Manager) specifically for use in connection with the Offering, when used in conjunction with the Prospectus, did not at the time provided for use, and, as to later provided materials, will not at the time provided for use, include any untrue statement of a material fact nor did they at the time provided for use, or, as to later provided materials, will they, omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when read in conjunction with the Prospectus, not misleading. If at any time any event occurs which is known to the Company as a result of which such Authorized Sales Materials when used in conjunction with the Prospectus would include an untrue statement of a material fact or, in view of the circumstances under which they were made, omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, the Company will promptly notify the Dealer Manager thereof.
2. | Covenants of the Company . |
The Company covenants and agrees with the Dealer Manager during the full term of this Agreement that:
a. Furnishing Materials . It will, at no expense to the Dealer Manager, furnish the Dealer Manager with such number of printed copies of the Registration Statement, including all amendments and exhibits thereto, as the Dealer Manager may reasonably request. It will similarly furnish to the Dealer Manager and others designated by the Dealer Manager as many copies of the following documents as the Dealer Manager may reasonably request: (i) the Prospectus in final form and every form of supplemental or amended prospectus; (ii) this Agreement; and (iii) any other Authorized Sales Materials.
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b. Qualification of Shares . It will furnish such proper information and execute and file such documents as may be necessary for the Company to qualify the Shares for offer and sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as the Dealer Manager may reasonably designate and will file and make in each year such statements and reports as may be required. The Company will furnish to the Dealer Manager a copy of such papers filed by the Company in connection with any such qualification.
c. Effectiveness of Registration; Stop Orders . It will: (i) use its best efforts to cause the Registration Statement to become effective; (ii) furnish copies of any proposed amendment or supplement of the Registration Statement or Prospectus to the Dealer Manager; (iii) file every amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus that may be required by the SEC; (iv) use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any order by the SEC, any state regulatory authority or any other regulatory authority which suspends the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, prevents the use of the Prospectus, or otherwise prevents or suspends the Offering; and (v) if at any time the SEC, any state regulatory authority or any other regulatory authority shall issue any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, it will use its best efforts to obtain the lifting of such order at the earliest possible time. The Company has complied and will comply with all applicable state and federal laws, rules and regulations applicable to the Offering and the sale of Shares, as well as the laws of any other applicable jurisdiction.
d. Amendments and Supplements . If at any time when a Prospectus is required to be delivered under the Securities Act any event occurs as a result of which, in the opinion of either the Company or the Dealer Manager, the Prospectus or any other prospectus then in effect would include an untrue statement of a material fact or, in view of the circumstances under which they were made, omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, the Company will promptly notify the Dealer Manager thereof (unless the information shall have been received from the Dealer Manager) and will effect the preparation of an amended or supplemental prospectus which will correct such statement or omission. The Company will then promptly prepare such amended or supplemental prospectus or prospectuses as may be necessary to comply with the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act.
3. Representations and Warranties of the Sponsor .
The Sponsor represents and warrants to the Company and the Dealer Manager that:
a. The Company . The Sponsor is a limited liability company duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with all requisite power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to carry out its obligations hereunder.
b. Authorization of Agreement . This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Sponsor, and assuming due authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the Dealer Manager, will constitute a valid and legally binding agreement of the Sponsor enforceable against the Sponsor in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that the enforceability of the indemnity and/or contribution provisions contained in Section 7 of this Agreement may be limited under applicable securities laws and to the extent that the enforceability of this Agreement may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws that affect creditors rights generally or by equitable principles relating to the availability of remedies.
c. No Pending Actions . There are no actions, suits or proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of the Sponsor, threatened against the Sponsor at law or in equity or before or by any Federal or state commission, regulatory body or administrative agency or other governmental body, domestic or foreign, which could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the business or property of the Sponsor and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
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4. | Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Dealer Manager . |
The Dealer Manager represents and warrants to the Company and the Sponsor that:
a. The Company . The Dealer Manager is a general partnership duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of New York, with all requisite power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to carry out its obligations hereunder.
b. Authorization of Agreement . This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Dealer Manager, and assuming due authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the Sponsor, will constitute a valid and legally binding agreement of the Dealer Manager enforceable against the Dealer Manager in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that the enforceability of the indemnity and/or contribution provisions contained in Section 7 of this Agreement may be limited under applicable securities laws and to the extent that the enforceability of this Agreement may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws that affect creditors rights generally or by equitable principles relating to the availability of remedies.
c. Absence of Conflict or Default . The execution and delivery of this Agreement, the consummation of the transactions herein contemplated and compliance with the terms of this Agreement by the Dealer Manager will not conflict with or constitute a default under (i) its organizational documents, (ii) any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or lease to which the Dealer Manager is a party or by which it may be bound, or to which any of the property or assets of the Dealer Manager is subject, or (iii) any rule, regulation, writ, injunction or decree of any government, governmental instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Dealer Manager or its assets, properties or operations, except in the case of clause (ii) or (iii) for such conflicts or defaults that would not individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, business, properties or results of operations of the Dealer Manager.
d. Broker Dealer Registration; FINRA Membership . The Dealer Manager is, and during the term of this Agreement will be, duly registered as a broker-dealer pursuant to the provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), a member in good standing of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (FINRA), and a broker or dealer duly registered as such in those states and other jurisdictions where the Dealer Manager is required to be registered in order to participate in the distribution of Shares in the Offering. Moreover, the Dealer Managers employees and representatives that will act under this Agreement have all required licenses and registrations to act under this Agreement.
e. Anti-Money Laundering . The Dealer Manager has, to the extent required, established and implemented anti-money laundering compliance programs in accordance with applicable law, including applicable FINRA rules, SEC rules and the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 and will require that its Dealers establish such programs, reasonably expected to detect and cause the reporting of suspicious transactions in connection with the sale of Shares of the Company.
f. Disclosure . As of the date of this Agreement, the Dealer Manager has not furnished any information to the Company expressly for use in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus, the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto. If, during the term of this Agreement, the Dealer Manager delivers any information to the Company in writing expressly for use in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus, the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, then any such information shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
5. | Appointment, Obligations and Compensation of Dealer Manager . |
a. Appointment of Dealer Manager; Best Efforts . The Company hereby appoints the Dealer Manager as its agent and principal distributor for the purpose of selling for cash to the public up to the maximum amount of Shares set forth in the Prospectus (subject to the Companys right of reallocation, as described in the Prospectus) through Dealers, all of whom shall be members of FINRA, or registered investment advisers or bank trust departments who are paid no commission or as otherwise described in the Prospectus. The Dealer Manager may not sell Shares for cash directly to its own clients and customers except to institutional investors approved by the Company at the public offering price or customers of registered investment advisers or bank trust departments, subject to the terms and conditions
5
stated in the Prospectus. The Dealer Manager hereby accepts such agency and distributorship and agrees to use its best efforts to sell the Shares on said terms and conditions. With respect to the Dealer Managers participation in the distribution of the Shares in the Offering, the Dealer Manager agrees to comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Rules and Regulations, the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and all other state or federal laws, rules and regulations applicable to the Offering and the sale of Shares, all applicable state securities or blue sky laws and regulations, and the rules of FINRA applicable to the Offering, from time to time in effect, including, without limitation, FINRA Rules 2090, 2111, 2310, 5110 and 5141, and Rules 2420 and 2440 of the NASD Conduct Rules (or any such rules successor FINRA Rule).
b. Commencement of Sales; Termination . Promptly after the effective date of the Registration Statement, the Dealer Manager and the Dealers shall commence the offering of the Shares for cash to the public in jurisdictions in which the Shares are registered or qualified for sale or in which such offering is otherwise permitted. The Dealer Manager and the Dealers will suspend or terminate offering the Shares upon request of the Company at any time and will resume offering the Shares upon subsequent request of the Company.
c. Suitability . The Dealer Manager, in its agreements with Dealers, shall require that each Dealer offer Shares only to persons who meet the financial qualifications set forth in the Prospectus or in any suitability letter or memorandum sent to it by the Company and only make offers to persons in the states in which it is advised in writing that the Shares are qualified for sale or that such qualification is not required. In offering Shares, the Dealer Manager, in its agreements with Dealers, will require that each Dealer comply, with the provisions of all applicable rules and regulations relating to suitability of investors, including, without limitation, applicable FINRA rules and the provisions of Article III.C. of the Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts of the North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc., effective May 7, 2007, as amended (the NASAA REIT Guidelines).
d. Offering Price . The Dealer Manager and all Dealers will offer and sell the Shares for cash at the offering price set forth in the Prospectus, subject to volume discounts and other discounts for Shares described in the Plan of Distribution section of the Prospectus and except as otherwise provided in the DRP.
e. Commissions, Fees, and Expense Reimbursements . Subject to volume discounts and other discounts for Shares and special circumstances described in the Plan of Distribution section of the Prospectus, as compensation for the services rendered by the Dealer Manager, the Dealer Manager will be paid (i) with respect to the Class A Shares, a selling commission in the amount of six percent (6.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Class A Shares sold in the Primary Offering, plus a dealer manager fee in the amount of three percent (3.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Class A Shares sold in the Primary Offering, (ii) with respect to the Class T Shares, a selling commission in the amount of three percent (3.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Class T Shares sold in the Primary Offering, plus a dealer manager fee equal to three percent (3.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Class T Shares sold in the Primary Offering and (iii) with respect to the Class I Shares, a dealer manager fee equal to one and a half percent (1.5%) of the gross proceeds of the Class I Shares. No selling commission will be paid for sales of any Class I Shares. With respect to the Class A Shares, the Sponsor shall pay a portion of the selling commission payable to the Dealer Manager in an amount equal to one percent (1.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Class A Shares sold in the Primary Offering and the dealer manager fee payable to the Dealer Manager in an amount equal to three percent (3.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Class A Shares sold in the Primary Offering. The Company shall, subject to the volume discounts and other discounts for Class A Shares and special circumstances described in the Plan of Distribution section of the Prospectus, pay the balance of the selling commission in an amount equal to up to three percent (3.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Class A Shares sold in the Primary Offering. If the total selling commission payable to the Dealer Manager with respect to a sale of Class A Shares is equal to or less than one percent (1.0%), due to volume or other discounts described in Section 5(f) of this Agreement, the Sponsor shall pay the entire selling commission payable to the Dealer Manager with respect to such sale. With respect to the Class T Shares, the Sponsor shall pay a portion of the selling commission payable to the Dealer Manager in an amount equal to one percent (1.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Class T Shares sold in the Primary Offering and the dealer manager fee payable to the Dealer Manager in an amount equal to three percent (3.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Class T Shares sold in the Primary Offering. The Company shall, subject to the volume discounts and other discounts for Class T Shares and special circumstances described in the Plan of Distribution section of the Prospectus, pay the balance of the selling commission in an amount equal to up to two percent (2.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Class T Shares sold in the Primary Offering. If the total selling commission payable to the Dealer Manager with respect to a sale of Class T Shares is equal to or less than one percent (1.0%), due to volume or other discounts described in Section 5(f) of this Agreement, the Sponsor shall pay the entire selling commission payable to the Dealer Manager with respect to such sale. With respect to the Class I Shares, the Sponsor shall pay the dealer manager fee in an amount equal to one and a half percent (1.5%) of the gross proceeds of the Class I Shares sold in the Primary Offering.
In addition, with respect to each Class T Share, the Company agrees that it will pay to the Dealer Manager a distribution fee (the Distribution Fee), which accrues daily and is calculated on outstanding Class T Shares issued in the Primary Offering in an amount equal to one percent (1.0%) per annum of (i) the current gross offering price per Class T Share in the Primary Offering, or (ii) if the Company is no longer offering primary shares in a public offering, the most recently published per
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share NAV of Class T Shares, if any has been disclosed. In the event the offering price or the most recently published per share NAV of Class T Shares changes, the Distribution Fee will change immediately with respect to all outstanding Class T Shares, and will be calculated based on the new gross offering price or per share NAV, without regard to the actual price at which a particular Class T Share was issued. The Company will pay the Distribution Fee to the Dealer Manager monthly in arrears on a continuous basis from year to year. The Dealer Manager will cease receiving Distribution Fees with respect to each Class T Share, including any Class T Shares issued pursuant to the DRP, upon the earliest to occur of the following: (i) a listing of the Companys common shares on a national securities exchange, (ii) such Class T Share no longer being outstanding, (iii) the Dealer Managers determination that total underwriting compensation from all sources, including dealer manager fees, selling commissions, Distribution Fees and any other amounts paid to participating Dealers that would be deemed underwriting compensation pursuant to FINRA Rule 2310, with respect to all Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares would be in excess of 10% of the gross proceeds of the primary portion of the Offering; or (iv) the end of the month in which total underwriting compensation, including dealer manager fees, sales commissions, and Distribution Fees with respect to the Class T Shares held by a stockholder within his or her particular account would be in excess of 10% of the total gross investment amount at the time of purchase of the primary Class T Shares held in such account.
The Dealer Manager may, in its sole discretion, reallow or advance all or a portion of the selling commissions, the dealer manager fees and the Distribution Fee to the Dealers who sold the Shares giving rise to such commissions and fees to the extent the Selected Dealer Agreement with such Dealer provides for such a reallowance; provided , however , that upon the date when the Dealer Manager is notified that the Dealer who sold the Class T Shares giving rise to the Distribution Fees is no longer the broker dealer of record with respect to such Class T Shares, then such Dealers entitlement to the Distribution Fees related to such Class T Shares shall cease, and the Dealer shall not receive the Distribution Fees for any portion of the month in which the Dealer is not the broker dealer of record on the last day of the month; provided , however , if the change in the broker dealer of record with respect to such Class T Shares is made in connection with a change in the registration of record for such Class T Shares on the Companys books and records (including, but not limited to, a re-registration due to a sale or a transfer or a change in the form of ownership of the account), then the Dealer shall be entitled to a pro rata portion of the Distribution Fees related to such Class T Shares for the portion of the month for which the Dealer was the broker dealer of record. Thereafter, such Distribution Fees may be reallowed by the Dealer Manager in its sole discretion to the then-current broker dealer of record of the Class T Shares if any such broker dealer of record has been designated (the Servicing Broker Dealer); provided, that, such reallowance shall only be paid to the extent such Servicing Broker Dealer has entered into a Selected Dealer Agreement or similar agreement with the Dealer Manager (the Servicing Agreement) and such Selected Dealer Agreement or Servicing Agreement with the Servicing Broker Dealer provides for such reallowance. The Dealer Manager may pay to such Dealers and Servicing Broker Dealers up to 100% of the aggregate Distribution Fees payable by the Company to the Dealer Manager. The Company will not pay the Dealer Manager a Distribution Fee with respect to Class A Shares or Class I Shares.
The Company shall directly pay or reimburse the Dealer Manager as provided in the Prospectus for certain reasonable costs and expenses incident to the Offering if, when added to all of the other underwriting compensation being paid in connection with the Offering, such expenses would not cause total underwriting compensation to exceed 10.0% of the gross proceeds of the Primary Offering as of the termination of the Offering, as required by the rules of FINRA. These expenses may include, without limitation, reasonable travel and lodging expenses related to wholesaling activities, legal expenses, salaries and bonuses of certain employees of the Dealer Manager while participating in this offering and permissible forms of non-cash compensation pursuant to FINRA Rule 2310(c) paid to the Dealer Managers registered representatives. Any expenses reimbursed pursuant to this Section 5(e) will be reimbursed to the Dealer Manager within thirty (30) days of the Dealer Managers presentation of a detailed and itemized invoice or receipt or such other documentation as the Company may deem acceptable for such expenses to the Company.
The terms of any reallowance of selling commissions, dealer manager fees, and Distribution Fees shall be set forth in the Selected Dealer Agreement or Servicing Agreement entered into with the Dealers or Servicing Broker Dealers, as applicable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no selling commissions, Distribution Fees, or amounts whatsoever will be paid to the Dealer Manager under this Section 5(e) unless or until completion of the Minimum Offering. Until the Minimum Offering is reached, proceeds from the sale of Shares will be held in escrow and, if the Minimum Offering is not reached, will be returned to the investors in accordance with the terms of the Prospectus. Further, no selling commissions, Distribution Fees, dealer manager fees, or other amounts will be paid to the Dealer Manager under this provision unless or until subscriptions for the purchase of Shares have been accepted by the Company. The Company and the Sponsor will not be liable or responsible to any Dealer or Servicing Broker Dealer for direct payment of selling commissions, Distribution Fees or any reallowance of the dealer manager fees to such Dealer or Servicing Broker Dealer, it being the sole and exclusive responsibility of the Dealer Manager for payment
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of selling commissions, Distribution Fees or any reallowance of the dealer manager fees and to Dealers and Servicing Broker Dealers. The Dealer Manager shall not be obligated to pay selling commissions, Distribution Fees or any reallowance of the dealer manager fees to Dealers and Servicing Broker Dealers until such time as the Dealer Manager is in receipt of such amounts from the Company or the Sponsor, as applicable.
f. Volume and Other Discounts . Notwithstanding the foregoing, Class I Shares may be sold to (i) officers, including executive officers and directors of the Company and their immediate family members, (ii) officers and employees of the Sponsor, the Companys advisor or other affiliates and their immediate family members, and (iii) investors identified by the Company as described in the Prospectus, including investors who have a prior business relationship with the Sponsor, such as real estate brokers, joint venture partners and their employees, company executives, surveyors, attorneys and similar individuals, and others to the extent consistent with applicable laws and regulations, at the then current offering price per Class I Share net of dealer manager fees, as provided in the Plan of Distribution section of the Prospectus. In addition, as provided in the Plan of Distribution section of the Prospectus, Dealers, including their retirement plans, their representatives and their immediate family members, IRAs and qualified plans of their representatives, may purchase Class I Shares at a price net of the selling commissions otherwise payable with respect to such Shares. In addition, volume discounts will be available to investors who purchase in a single transaction more than (i) $500,000 of Class A Shares, or (ii) $1,000,000 of Class T Shares, in the primary offering, which will reduce the selling commission and purchase price per Share, pursuant to the volume discount table and related terms set forth in the Plan of Distribution section of the Prospectus.
g. Permissible Materials . The Dealer Manager shall use and distribute in conjunction with the offer and sale of any Shares only the Prospectus (as it may be supplemented or amended from time-to-time) and Authorized Sales Materials.
h. Offering Jurisdictions . The Dealer Manager and the Dealers shall cause Shares to be offered and sold only in such jurisdictions where the Dealer Manager and the respective Dealer are licensed to do so. In addition, the Dealer Manager shall cause Shares to be offered and sold only in those jurisdictions specified in writing by the Company where the offering and sale of its Shares have been authorized by appropriate regulatory authorities and such list of jurisdictions shall be updated by the Company as additional states are added.
i. Escrow Agreement . The Dealer Manager agrees to be bound by the terms of the Escrow Agreement executed as of [ ], 2016, by UMB Bank, N.A., as Escrow Agent, the Dealer Manager and the Company.
j. Submission of Orders . The Dealer Manager, in its agreements with Dealers, shall require each Dealer to:
(i) except as set forth below, instruct those persons who purchase Shares to make their checks payable to or wire transfer directed to UMB Bank, N.A., as Escrow Agent for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.;
(ii) after the Company meets the Minimum Offering requirement of $2,000,000, instruct subscribers to make their checks payable to or to send wire transfers for the account of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.;
(iii) return any check not conforming to the foregoing instructions directly to such subscriber not later than the end of the next business day following its receipt; provided that checks received by the Dealer which conform to the foregoing instructions shall be transmitted for deposit in accordance with the procedures in paragraphs (iv) through (vi) below;
(iv) where, pursuant to a Dealers internal supervisory procedures, internal supervisory review is conducted at the same location at which subscription documents and checks are initially received from subscribers, transmit checks by the end of the next business day following receipt of the subscription documents and the check by the Dealer to the escrow agent or, after the Minimum Offering has been achieved, to the Company or to such other account or agent as directed by the Company;
(v) where, pursuant to a Dealers internal supervisory procedures, final internal supervisory review is conducted at a different location (the Final Review Office), transmit subscription documents and checks to the Final Review Office by the end of the next business day following receipt of the subscription documents and check by the Dealer. The Final Review Office will transmit such subscription documents and checks by the end of the next business day following receipt by the Final Review Office to the escrow agent or, after the Minimum Offering has been achieved, to the Company or to such other account or agent as directed by the Company; and
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(vi) deliver checks and completed subscription documents required to be sent to the escrow agent pursuant to this Section 5(j) via overnight courier to UMB Bank, N.A., as Escrow Agent for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., Attention: [].
k. Payment . Except as otherwise provided herein, the selling commissions and dealer manager fees specified in Section 5(e) of this Agreement for the sale of any Shares shall be payable in cash by the Company no later than seven (7) days after the investor subscribing for the Shares is admitted as a stockholder of the Company. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, in the event that the Company pays any selling commissions or fees to the Dealer Manager for a sale of one or more Shares and the subscription is subsequently rescinded as to one or more of the Shares covered by such subscription, the Company shall decrease the next payment of commissions or other compensation otherwise payable to the Dealer Manager by the Company under this Agreement by an amount equal to the selling commissions or fees paid to the Dealer Manager for the sale of the Shares as to which the subscription is rescinded. In the event that no payment of selling commissions or other compensation is due to the Dealer Manager after such rescinded subscription occurs, the Dealer Manager shall pay the amount specified in the preceding sentence to the Company within seven (7) days following receipt of notice by the Dealer Manager from the Company stating the amount owed as a result of rescinded subscriptions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no selling commissions, dealer manager fees, Distribution Fees or amounts whatsoever will be paid to the Dealer Manager pursuant to this Agreement unless or until the Minimum Offering has been reached and funds held in escrow have been released. If the Minimum Offering is not reached within the time period specified in the Escrow Agreement, investments will be promptly returned to investors in accordance with the Prospectus.
6. | Issuance of Confirmations to Purchasers . |
The Company hereby agrees and assumes the duty to confirm on its behalf and on behalf of Dealers who sell the Shares all orders for purchase of Shares accepted by the Company. Such confirmations will comply with the rules of the SEC and FINRA, and will comply with applicable laws of such other jurisdictions to the extent the Company is advised of such laws in writing by the Dealer Manager.
7. | Indemnification . |
a. The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless the Dealer Manager, its officers, directors, owners, managers, members, partners, employees, agents, attorneys and accountants, and each person, if any, who controls the Dealer Manager within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act (collectively, the Dealer Manager Indemnified Persons) and each Dealer, its officers, directors, owners, managers, members, partners, employees, agents, attorneys and accountants, and each person, if any, who controls such Dealer within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act (collectively, the Dealer Indemnified Persons and, together with the Dealer Manager Indemnified Persons, the Broker Dealer Indemnified Persons) from and against any losses, claims, damages, expenses or liabilities, joint or several, to which such Broker Dealer Indemnified Persons may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, expenses or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon: (a) a breach or alleged breach by the Company of any of its representations, warranties or covenants in this Agreement; (b) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in (i) the Registration Statement (including the Prospectus as a part thereof) or any post-effective amendment thereto, (ii) the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, (iii) any Authorized Sales Materials or (iv) any blue sky application or other document executed by the Company or on its behalf specifically for the purpose of qualifying any or all of the Shares for sale under the securities laws of any jurisdiction or based upon written information furnished by the Company under the securities laws thereof (any such application, document or information being hereinafter called a Blue Sky Application); (c) the omission or alleged omission to state in (i) the Registration Statement (including the Prospectus as a part thereof) or any post-effective amendment thereto, (ii) the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, (iii) any Authorized Sales Materials or (iv) any Blue Sky Application a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or (d) any verbal or written representation made by the Company, its representatives or agents in violation of the Securities Act or any other applicable federal or state securities law. The Company shall reimburse each Broker Dealer Indemnified Person for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Broker Dealer Indemnified Person in connection
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with investigating or defending such loss, claim, damage, liability or action. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be liable: (x) to any Dealer Manager Indemnified Person in any such case (1) to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage, expense or liability arises out of, or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of the Dealer Manager specifically for use with reference to the Dealer Manager in the preparation of the Registration Statement or any such post-effective amendment thereof, the Prospectus or any such amendment thereof or supplement thereto, any Authorized Sales Materials or any such Blue Sky Application or (2) it is determined that the loss, claim, damage, expense, liability or action results directly and primarily from the willful misconduct, fraudulent act or gross negligence of the Dealer Manager; or (y) to any Dealer Indemnified Person in any such case (1) to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage, expense or liability arises out of, or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of any Dealer specifically for use with reference to such Dealer in the preparation of the Registration Statement or any such post-effective amendment thereof, the Prospectus or any such amendment thereof or supplement thereto, any Authorized Sales Materials or any such Blue Sky Application or (2) it is determined that the loss, claim, damage, expense, liability or action results from the willful misconduct, fraudulent act or gross negligence of the Dealer. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may not indemnify or hold harmless the Dealer Manager, any Dealer or any of their affiliates in any manner that would be inconsistent with the provisions to Article II.G of the NASAA REIT Guidelines. In particular, but without limitation, the Company may not indemnify or hold harmless the Dealer Manager, any Dealer or any of their affiliates for liabilities arising from or out of a violation of state or Federal securities laws, unless one or more of the following conditions are met:
(i) There has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged securities law violations;
(ii) Such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction; or
(iii) A court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which the securities were offered as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.
b. The Dealer Manager shall indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each officer and director of the Company, the Companys employees, agents, attorneys and accountants, and each person or firm which has signed the Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act (collectively, the Company Indemnified Persons), from and against any losses, claims, damages, expenses or liabilities to which any of the Company Indemnified Persons may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, expenses or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon: (a) a breach or alleged breach by the Dealer Manager of any of its representations, warranties or covenants in this Agreement; (b) any untrue statement of a material fact contained in (i) the Registration Statement (including the Prospectus as a part thereof) or any post-effective amendment thereto, (ii) the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, (iii) any Authorized Sales Materials or (iv) any Blue Sky Application, or (c) the omission to state in (i) the Registration Statement (including the Prospectus as a part thereof) or any post-effective amendment thereto, (ii) the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, (iii) any Authorized Sales Materials or (iv) any Blue Sky Application a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading, in each such case under clauses (b) or (c) hereof to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of the Dealer Manager specifically for use with reference to the Dealer Manager in the preparation of the Registration Statement or any such post-effective amendment thereof, the Prospectus or any such amendment thereof or supplement thereto, any Authorized Sales Materials or any such Blue Sky Application and shall reimburse each Company Indemnified Person for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Company Indemnified Person in connection with investigating or defending such loss, claim, damage, liability or action. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Dealer Manager may otherwise have. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, in no event shall the Dealer Manager be required or obliged to contribute or provide indemnification in excess of the net proceeds from the sale of the Shares in the Offering that have been actually received and retained by the Dealer Manager.
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c. Each Dealer severally shall indemnify and hold harmless the Company, the Dealer Manager, the Sponsor and each of their respective directors (including any persons named in the Registration Statement with his consent, as about to become a director), each of their respective officers who has signed the Registration Statement, each of their respective managers, members, partners, employees, agents, attorneys and accountants, and each person, if any, who controls the Company, the Dealer Manager, or the Sponsor within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act (collectively, the Sponsor Indemnified Persons) from and against any losses, claims, damages, expenses or liabilities to which the Sponsor Indemnified Persons may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, expenses or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon: (a) a breach or alleged breach by the Dealer of any of its representations, warranties or covenants in the Selected Dealer Agreement, (b) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in (i) the Registration Statement (including the Prospectus as a part thereof) or any post-effective amendment thereto, (ii) the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, (iii) any Authorized Sales Materials or (iv) any Blue Sky Application, or (c) the omission to state in (i) the Registration Statement (including the Prospectus as a part thereof) or any post-effective amendment thereto, (ii) the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, (iii) any Authorized Sales Materials or (iv) any Blue Sky Application a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading, in each such case under clauses (b) or (c) hereof to the extent, but only to the extent that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company or the Dealer Manager by or on behalf of such Dealer specifically for use with reference to such Dealer in the preparation of the Registration Statement or any such post-effective amendment thereof, the Prospectus or any such amendment thereof or supplement thereto, any Authorized Sales Materials or any such Blue Sky Application, or (c) any failure to deliver to any investor the Prospectus and all supplements thereto and any amended prospectus, or (d) any use by the Dealer its employees, representatives or agents of sales materials in connection with the Offering other than Authorized Sales Materials, (e) any verbal or written representation made by the Dealer, its employees, representatives or agents in violation of the Securities Act or any other applicable federal or state securities law, (f) any sale in violation of or failure by Dealer to perform its obligations as set forth in Section IX of the Selected Dealer Agreement, or (g) any failure to comply with applicable rules of FINRA, federal or state securities laws or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the NASAA REIT Guidelines, or any other state or federal laws and regulations applicable to the Offering or the activities of the Dealer in connection with the Offering, and will reimburse each Sponsor Indemnified Person for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Sponsor Indemnified Person in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which such Dealer may otherwise have.
d. Promptly after receipt by a person to whom the rights to indemnification provided for in Sections 7(a), (b) and (c) of this Agreement would by their terms be available (collectively, the Indemnified Parties and each, an Indemnified Party) under this Section 7 of notice of the commencement of any action, such Indemnified Party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the Company, the Dealer Manager or the Dealers, to the extent any of them is an indemnifying party with respect to an Indemnified Party (each to such extent, an Indemnifying Party) under this Section 7, notify in writing the Indemnifying Party of the commencement thereof; the omission so to notify the Indemnifying Party will relieve it from liability under this Section 7 only in the event and to the extent the failure to provide such notice actually and materially and adversely affects the ability to defend such action. In case any such action is brought against any Indemnified Party, and it notifies an Indemnifying Party of the commencement thereof, the Indemnifying Party will be entitled, to the extent it may wish, jointly with any other Indemnifying Party similarly notified, to participate in the defense thereof, with separate counsel. Such participation shall not relieve such Indemnifying Party of the obligation to reimburse the Indemnified Party for reasonable legal and other expenses (subject to paragraph (e) of this Section 7) incurred by such Indemnified Party in defending itself, except for such expenses incurred after the Indemnifying Party has deposited funds sufficient to effect the settlement, with prejudice, of the claim in respect of which indemnity is sought. Any such Indemnifying Party shall not be liable to any such Indemnified Party and shall not be required to contribute or provide indemnification on account of any settlement of any claim or action effected without the consent of such Indemnifying Party; provided, that, if an Indemnified Party shall have requested an Indemnifying Party to reimburse the Indemnified Party for fees and expenses of counsel pursuant to Section 7(e), any such Indemnifying Party shall be liable for any settlement of any claim or action effected without its written consent if (1) such settlement is entered into more than forty-five (45) days after receipt by such Indemnifying Party of the aforesaid request, (2) such Indemnifying Party shall have received notice of the terms of such settlement at least thirty (30) days prior to such settlement being entered into and (3) such Indemnifying Party shall not have reimbursed such Indemnified Party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement.
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e. The Indemnifying Party shall pay all legal fees and expenses of the Indemnified Party in the defense of such claims or actions; provided, however, that the Indemnifying Party shall not be obliged to pay legal expenses and fees to more than one law firm (as well as local counsel) in connection with the defense of similar claims arising out of the same alleged acts or omissions giving rise to such claims notwithstanding that such actions or claims are alleged or brought by one or more parties against more than one Indemnified Party. If such claims or actions are alleged or brought against more than one Indemnified Party, then the Indemnifying Party shall only be obliged to reimburse the expenses and fees of the one law firm (as well as local counsel) that has been selected by a majority of the indemnified parties against which such action is finally brought; and in the event a majority of such indemnified parties is unable to agree on which law firm for which expenses or fees will be reimbursable by the Indemnifying Party, then payment shall be made to the first law firm of record representing an Indemnified Party against the action or claim. Such law firm shall be paid only to the extent of services performed by such law firm and no reimbursement shall be payable to such law firm on account of legal services performed by another law firm.
f. No Indemnifying Party shall, without the prior written consent of each Indemnified Party, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or threatened claim, action or proceeding relating to the matters contemplated by this Section 7 (whether or not any indemnified party is a party thereto), unless such settlement, compromise or consent (1) includes an unconditional release of each Indemnified Party, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Party, from all liability arising out of such litigation, investigation, proceeding or claim and (2) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any Indemnified Party.
g. In order to provide for just and equitable contribution in circumstances in which the indemnification provided for in the foregoing paragraphs of this Section 7 is applicable in accordance with its terms but for any reason is held to be unavailable from the Indemnifying Parties, the Indemnifying Parties will contribute to the total losses, claims, liabilities, expenses and damages (including any investigative, legal and other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or any claim asserted, but after deducting any contribution received by any Indemnified Party from persons other than the Indemnifying Parties, such as persons who control the Indemnified Party within the meaning of the Securities Act and officers and directors of the Indemnified Party, who also may be liable for contribution) to which the Indemnifying Parties may be subject in such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Indemnifying Parties on the one hand and the Indemnified Parties on the other hand. The relative benefits received by the Indemnified Parties on the one hand and the Indemnifying Parties on the other hand shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the sale of the Shares (before deducting expenses) that have been actually received and retained by such parties. If, but only if, the allocation provided by the foregoing sentence is not permitted by applicable law, the allocation of contribution shall be made in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in the foregoing sentence but also the relative fault of the Indemnified Parties, on the one hand, and the Indemnifying Parties, on the other hand, with respect to the statements or omission that resulted in such loss, claim, liability, expense or damage, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations with respect to such offering. Such relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Indemnified Parties or the Indemnifying Parties, the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company, the Dealer Manager and the Dealers agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 7(g) were to be determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to herein. The amount paid or payable by an Indemnified Party as a result of the loss, claim, liability, expense, or damage, or action in respect thereof, referred to above in this Section 7(g) shall be deemed to include, for the purpose of this Section 7(g), any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Indemnified Party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim to the extent consistent with this Section 7. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 7(g), the Dealer Manager shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the net proceeds from the sale of the Shares in the Offering that have been actually received and retained by the Dealer Manager pursuant to this Agreement and no person found guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) will be entitled to
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contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes of this Section 7(g), any person who controls a party to this Agreement within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any respective officers, directors, owners, managers, members, partners, employees, agents, attorneys and accountants of a party to this Agreement, will have the same rights to contribution as that party, subject in each case to the provisions hereof. Any party entitled to contribution, promptly after receipt of notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim for contribution may be made under this Section 7(g), will notify any such party or parties from whom contribution may be sought, but the omission to so notify will not relieve that party or parties from whom contribution may be sought from any other obligation it or they may have under this Section 7(g) except to the extent that the failure to so notify such other party actually and materially prejudiced the substantive rights or defenses of the party from whom contribution is sought. Except for a settlement entered into pursuant to the last sentence of Section 7(d) or Section 7(f) hereof, no party will be liable for contribution with respect to any action or claim settled without its written consent if such consent is required pursuant to Section 7(d) or Section 7(f) hereof.
h. The indemnity agreements contained in this Section 7 shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of (1) any investigation made by or on behalf of any Dealer, or any person controlling any Dealer or by or on behalf of the Company, the Dealer Manager or any officer or director thereof, or by or on behalf of any person controlling the Company or the Dealer Manager, (2) delivery of any Shares and payment therefor, and (3) any termination of this Agreement. A successor of any Dealer or of any of the parties to this Agreement, as the case may be, shall be entitled to the benefits of the indemnity agreements contained in this Section 7.
8. | Survival of Provisions . |
The respective agreements, representations and warranties of the Company and the Dealer Manager set forth in this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of (a) any termination of this Agreement, (b) any investigation made by or on behalf of the Dealer Manager or any Dealer or any person controlling the Dealer Manager or any Dealer or by or on behalf of the Company or any person controlling the Company, and (c) the acceptance of any payment for the Shares.
9. | Applicable Law; Venue . |
This Agreement was executed and delivered in, and its validity, interpretation and construction shall be governed by, the laws of the State of New York; provided , however , that causes of action for violations of Federal or state securities laws shall not be governed by this Section. Venue for any action brought hereunder shall lie exclusively in New York, New York.
10. | Severability . |
If any portion of this Agreement shall be held invalid or inoperative, then so far as is reasonable and possible the remainder of this Agreement shall be considered valid and operative and effect shall be given to the intent manifested by the portion held invalid or inoperative.
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11. | Delay Not a Waiver . |
Neither the failure nor any delay on the part of any party to this Agreement to exercise any right, remedy, power, or privilege under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall a waiver of any right, remedy, power, or privilege with respect to any occurrence be construed as a waiver of such right, remedy, power, or privilege with respect to any subsequent occurrence.
12. | Counterparts . |
This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts. Each counterpart, when executed and delivered, shall be an original contract, but all counterparts, when taken together, shall constitute one and the same Agreement.
13. | Third-Party Beneficiaries; Successors; and Amendment. |
a. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Dealer Manager, the Company and the Sponsor and their respective successors. Nothing in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give to any other person any right, remedy or claim, except as otherwise specifically provided herein. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the Dealers to the extent set forth in Section 7 hereof.
b. | This Agreement may be amended by the written agreement of the Dealer Manager, the Sponsor and the Company. |
14. | Term and Termination . |
In any case, if not sooner terminated, this Agreement shall expire at the close of business on the effective date that the Offering is terminated. This Agreement may be terminated by either party (a) immediately upon notice to the other party in the event that the other party shall have materially failed to comply with any material provision of this Agreement or if any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements of such party contained herein shall not have been materially complied with and such failure to comply is not cured within ten (10) days after the date of such occurrence or (b) on 60 days written notice. In any event, this Agreement shall be deemed suspended during any period for which the Dealer Managers license or registration to act as a broker dealer shall be revoked or suspended by any federal, self-regulatory or state agency.
In addition, the Dealer Manager, upon the expiration or termination of this Agreement, shall (a) promptly deposit any and all funds in its possession which were received from investors for the sale of Shares into the appropriate escrow account or, if the Minimum Offering has been reached, into such other account as the Company may designate; and (b) promptly deliver to the Company all records and documents in its possession which relate to the Offering which are not designated as dealer copies. The Dealer Manager, at its sole expense, may make and retain copies of all such records and documents required to be retained by the Dealer Manager pursuant to (i) Federal and state securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder, (ii) the applicable rules of FINRA and (iii) the NASAA REIT Guidelines, but shall keep all such information confidential; provided, that, nothing contained in this Agreement shall prevent the Dealer Manager from disclosing any such information to any regulatory authority asserting jurisdiction over the Dealer Manager. The Dealer Manager shall use its reasonable best efforts to cooperate with the Company to accomplish any orderly transfer of management of the Offering to a party designated by the Company. Upon expiration or termination of this Agreement, the Company shall pay to the Dealer Manager all earned but unpaid compensation and reimbursement for all incurred, accountable compensation to which the Dealer Manager is or becomes entitled under Section 5 of this Agreement, including but not limited to any Distribution Fees, pursuant to the requirements of that Section 5 at such times as such amounts become payable pursuant to the terms of such Section 5 without acceleration; provided , however , that if the Minimum Offering is not reached prior to such expiration or termination, the Company shall not pay any such compensation and reimbursements to the Dealer Manager.
15. | Definitions . |
Any terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Prospectus.
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16. | Notices . |
All notices, approvals, requests, and authorizations that are required hereunder to be in writing shall be duly given and deemed to be delivered when delivered in person, by courier, or by over-night delivery service, or deposited in the United States mail, properly addressed and stamped with the required postage, to the intended recipient, as set forth below.
To the Dealer Manager: |
Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. 110 E. 59th Street New York, NY 10022 Attn: [●] |
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To the Company: |
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. 110 E. 59th Street New York, NY 10022 Attn: [●] |
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With a copy to: Judith D. Fryer Greenberg Traurig, LLP 200 Park Avenue New York City, New York 10166 |
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To the Sponsor: |
Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC 110 E. 59th Street New York, NY 10022 Attn: [●] With a copy to: Judith D. Fryer Greenberg Traurig, LLP 200 Park Avenue New York City, New York 10166 |
Any party may change its address specified above by giving the other party notice of such change in accordance with this Section.
[Signature page follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have each duly executed this Dealer Manager Agreement as of the day and year set forth above.
COMPANY: | ||
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST, INC. |
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By: | ||
DEALER MANAGER: | ||
CANTOR FITZGERALD & CO. | ||
By: | ||
SPONSOR: | ||
CANTOR FITZGERALD INVESTORS, LLC | ||
By: | ||
By: |
16
Exhibit 1.2
[LOGO]
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
Up to $1,250,000,000 in Shares of Common Stock
FORM OF SELECTED DEALER AGREEMENT
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., as the dealer manager (the Dealer Manager) for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. (the Company), a Maryland corporation that intends to qualify to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, invites you (the Dealer) to participate in the distribution of Class A shares (the Class A Shares), Class T shares (the Class T Shares) and Class I shares (the Class I Shares) of common stock, $0.01 par value per share (the Class A Shares, the Class T Shares and Class I Shares collectively, the Shares) of the Company subject to the following terms:
I. | Dealer Manager Agreement |
The Dealer Manager has entered into the Dealer Manager Agreement (the Dealer Manager Agreement) with the Company and Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Sponsor) dated , 2016, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A. The terms of the Dealer Manager Agreement relating to the Dealer are incorporated herein by reference as if set forth verbatim. By your acceptance of this Agreement, you will become one of the Dealers referred to in such Dealer Manager Agreement, as well as a third-party beneficiary of the Dealer Manager Agreement as set forth in Section 14 thereof, and, in particular, will be entitled and subject to the indemnification provisions contained in Section 7 of such Dealer Manager Agreement wherein the Dealers severally agree to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, the Dealer Manager, the Sponsor and each officer and director thereof, and each person, if any, who controls the Company, the Dealer Manager, or the Sponsor within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act). Except as otherwise specifically stated herein, capitalized terms used in this Agreement not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings given them in the Dealer Manager Agreement. The Shares are to be offered solely through broker dealers who are members of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (FINRA).
The Dealer hereby agrees to use its best efforts to sell the Shares for cash on the terms and conditions stated in the Prospectus. The Dealer shall indicate on Schedule 1 to this Agreement whether the Dealer has elected to use its best efforts to sell Class A Shares, Class T Shares or both classes of Shares. Nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed or construed to make the Dealer an employee, agent, representative or partner of the Dealer Manager or of the Company, and the Dealer is not authorized to act for the Dealer Manager or the Company or to make any representations on their behalf except as set forth in the Prospectus and such other supplemental sales materials, sales literature, advertising and other material as shall have been previously approved by the Company or an authorized agent of the Company in writing and all appropriate regulatory agencies (the Authorized Sales Materials).
The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) the Registration Statement, including the Prospectus, for the registration of the offering of the Shares under the Securities Act. Such Registration Statement has been declared effective by the Commission, or will be declared effective prior to commencement of the offering. The offering of the Shares has also been qualified in all fifty states of the United States, Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia, or will be so qualified prior to commencement of the offering in any such jurisdiction. The Dealer Manager will provide the Dealer as many copies of the Prospectus as the Dealer may from time to time reasonably request.
II. | Submission of Orders |
Except as set forth below, those persons who purchase Shares shall be instructed by the Dealer to make their checks payable to or wire transfer directed to UMB Bank, N.A., as Escrow Agent for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. After the Company meets the Minimum Offering requirement of $2,000,000, subscribers will be instructed by the Dealer to make their checks payable to or to send wire transfers for the account of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. Any Dealer receiving a check not conforming to the foregoing instructions shall return such check directly to such subscriber not later than the end of the next business day following its receipt. Checks received by the Dealer which conform to the foregoing instructions shall be transmitted for deposit in accordance with the following procedures.
Where, pursuant to a Dealers internal supervisory procedures, internal supervisory review is conducted at the same location at which subscription documents and checks are initially received from subscribers, checks will be transmitted by the end of the next business day following receipt of the subscription documents and the check by the Dealer to the escrow agent or, after the Minimum Offering has been achieved, to the Company or to such other account or agent as directed by the Company.
Where, pursuant to a Dealers internal supervisory procedures, final internal supervisory review is conducted at a different location (the Final Review Office), subscription documents and checks will be transmitted to the Final Review Office by the end of the next business day following receipt of the subscription documents and check by the Dealer. The Final Review Office will transmit such subscription documents and checks by the end of the next business day following receipt by the Final Review Office to the escrow agent or, after the Minimum Offering has been achieved, to the Company or to such other account or agent as directed by the Company.
The Dealer agrees to be bound by the terms of the Escrow Agreement executed as of , 2016, by UMB Bank, N.A., as Escrow Agent, the Dealer Manager and the Company. Dealers shall deliver checks and completed subscription documents required to be sent to the escrow agent pursuant to this Section II via overnight courier to UMB Bank, N.A., as Escrow Agent for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., Attention: [●].
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III. | Pricing |
Shares shall be offered to the public at the offering price per Class A Share, per Class T Share and per Class I Share set forth in the Prospectus and the price shall be payable in cash, subject to volume discounts and other discounts for Shares described in the Plan of Distribution section of the Prospectus and the Companys right to adjust the offering price. Shares shall be offered pursuant to the DRP for the purchase price set forth in the Prospectus and the DRP, subject to the terms and pricing information provided in the Prospectus and the DRP, including the Companys right to reallocate Share amounts between the Primary Offering and the DRP Offering and to adjust the offering price. Any adjustments to the offering price shall be disclosed in the Prospectus. Except as otherwise indicated in the Prospectus or in any letter or memorandum sent to the Dealer by the Company or the Dealer Manager, subscribers must initially purchase $2,500 in Shares. After investors have satisfied the minimum purchase requirement, minimum additional purchases must be in increments of $100, except for purchases made pursuant to the DRIP. The Shares are nonassessable. The Dealer hereby agrees to place any order for the full purchase price.
IV. | Dealers Commissions and Expense Reimbursements |
Subject to volume discounts and other discounts described in the Plan of Distribution section of the Prospectus, the Dealers selling commission shall be an amount equal to (i) six percent (6.0%) of the gross offering proceeds from the sale of the Class A Shares and (ii) three percent (3.0%) of the gross offering proceeds from the sale of the Class T Shares, in each case sold in the Primary Offering by the Dealer and accepted and confirmed by the Company, which commission will be paid to the Dealer Manager and, in the Dealer Managers sole discretion, all or a portion of the commission may be reallowed to the Dealer. In addition, the Dealer Manager may, in its sole discretion, reallow a portion of the dealer manager fees paid to it by the Company for the sale of Class A Shares and Class T Shares to Dealer as a marketing fee, based upon the Dealer Managers consideration of projected volume of sales, the amount of marketing assistance and level of marketing support provided by such participating-broker dealer in the past and the level of marketing support to be provided in this offering. The amount of the selling commission and marketing fee to be reallowed to the Dealer is set forth on Schedule 1 to this Agreement. The Dealer Manager also may pay, in its sole discretion, out of a portion of its dealer manager fee or selling commission, reimbursements of distribution and marketing-related costs and expenses of the Dealer, which may include permissible forms of non-cash compensation pursuant to FINRA Rule 2310(c) such as: an occasional meal, a ticket to a sporting event or the theater, or comparable entertainment which is neither so frequent nor so extensive as to raise any question of propriety and is not preconditioned on achievement of a sales target; costs and expenses of attending training and education meetings and Dealer-sponsored conferences; and gifts that do not exceed on aggregate of $100 per person and are not conditioned on achievement of a sales target. For these purposes, a sale of Shares shall occur if and only if a transaction has closed with a securities purchaser pursuant to all applicable offering and subscription documents and the Company has thereafter distributed the selling commission to the Dealer Manager in connection with such transaction. The Dealer acknowledges and agrees that no selling commissions or dealer manager fees will be paid in respect of the sale of any Shares pursuant to the DRP and no selling commission will be paid in respect of the sale of any Class I Shares.
In addition, as set forth in the Prospectus, the Dealer Manager may reallow all or a portion of the Distribution Fee (as defined in the Dealer Manager Agreement) to the Dealer in the Dealer Managers sole discretion; provided, however, that the Dealers right, if any, to receive Distribution Fees with respect to each Class T Share shall cease upon the earliest to occur of the following: (i) a listing of the Companys common shares on a national securities exchange,
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(ii) such Class T Share no longer being outstanding, (iii) the Dealer Managers determination that total underwriting compensation from all sources, including dealer manager fees, selling commissions, Distribution Fees and any other amounts paid to participating broker dealers that would be deemed underwriting compensation pursuant to FINRA Rule 2310, with respect to all Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares would be in excess of 10% of the gross proceeds of the Primary Offering; or (iv) the end of the month in which total underwriting compensation, including dealer manager fees, selling commissions, and Distribution Fees with respect to the Class T Shares held by a stockholder within his or her particular account would be in excess of 10% of the stockholders total gross investment amount at the time of purchase of the primary Class T Shares held in such account. The amount of the Distribution Fee to be reallowed to the Dealer is set forth on Schedule 1 to this Agreement.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Dealer Manager is notified that the Dealer is no longer the broker dealer of record with respect to Class T Shares sold by the Dealer, then the Dealers entitlement to the Distribution Fees related to such Class T Shares shall cease, and the Dealer shall not receive the Distribution Fees for any portion of the month in which the Dealer is not the broker dealer of record on the last day of the month; provided , however , if the change in the broker dealer of record with respect to such Class T Shares is made in connection with a change in the registration of record for such Class T Shares on the Companys books and records (including, but not limited to, a re-registration due to a sale or a transfer or a change in the form of ownership of the account), then the Dealer shall be entitled to a pro rata portion of the Distribution Fees related to such Class T Shares for the portion of the month for which the Dealer was the broker dealer of record. Thereafter, such Distribution Fees may be reallowed by the Dealer Manager, in its sole discretion, to the then-current broker dealer of record of the Class T Shares if any such broker dealer of record has been designated (the Servicing Broker Dealer); provided, that, such reallowance shall only be paid to the extent such Servicing Broker Dealer has entered into a Selected Dealer Agreement or similar agreement with the Dealer Manager (the Servicing Agreement) and such Selected Dealer Agreement or Servicing Agreement with the Servicing Broker Dealer provides for such reallowance. In this regard, all determinations will be made by the Dealer Manager in its sole discretion. The Dealer agrees to promptly notify the Dealer Manager upon becoming aware that it is no longer the broker dealer of record with respect to any or all of the Class T Shares sold by the Dealer.
The Dealer shall be responsible for implementing the volume discounts for Class A Shares and Class T Shares described in the Plan of Distribution section of the Prospectus. It is the sole responsibility of the Dealer to determine whether a particular purchase by a subscriber qualifies for a volume discount to the Dealers selling commission and to confirm that the appropriate volume discount was accorded to the subscriber based on the Dealers review of the transaction confirmation issued by the Company. Requests to combine purchase orders of Class A Shares and Class T Shares as a part of one combined order for the purpose of qualifying for discounts as described in the Plan of Distribution section of the Prospectus must be made in writing by the Dealer, and any resulting reduction in selling commissions will be prorated among the separate subscribers.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no selling commissions, Distribution Fees, dealer manager fees, or amounts whatsoever will be paid to the Dealer Manager unless or until completion of the Minimum Offering. Until the Minimum Offering is reached, proceeds from the sale of Shares will be held in escrow and, if the Minimum Offering is not reached, will be returned to the
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investors in accordance with the terms of the Prospectus. Further, no selling commissions, dealer manager fees, Distribution Fees or other amounts will be paid to the Dealer Manager and reallowed to the Dealer under this provision unless subscriptions for the purchase of Shares have been accepted by the Company. The Company and the Sponsor will not be liable or responsible to any Dealer or Servicing Broker Dealer for direct payment or any reallowance of selling commissions, Distribution Fees or dealer manager fees to such Dealer or Servicing Broker Dealer, it being the sole and exclusive responsibility of the Dealer Manager for any payment or reallowance of selling commissions, Distribution Fees or dealer manager fees to Dealers and Servicing Broker Dealers. The Dealer hereby waives any and all rights to receive any reallowance of selling commissions, Distribution Fees or dealer manager fees and any other payments due until such time as the Dealer Manager is in receipt of such payments from the Company or the Sponsor, as applicable. The Dealer affirms that the Dealer Managers liability for any reallowance of selling commissions, Distribution Fees, or dealer manager fees payable to the Dealer is limited solely to the selling commissions, Distribution Fees, and dealer manager fees associated with the Dealers sale of Shares and actually received by the Dealer Manager from the Company or the Sponsor, as applicable. The parties hereby agree that the compensation to be paid to Dealer pursuant to this Section IV is not in excess of the usual and customary distributors or sellers commissions received in the sale of securities similar to the Shares and that the Dealers interest in the Offering is limited to such selling commissions and other payments from the Dealer Manager and the Dealers indemnity referred to in Section 7 of the Dealer Manager Agreement.
V. | Payment of Commissions |
Payments of selling commissions and any other fees due to the Dealer pursuant to this Agreement will be made by the Dealer Manager to the Dealer. Selling commissions and such other fees due to the Dealer pursuant to this Agreement will be paid to the Dealer within 30 days after their receipt by the Dealer Manager.
The Dealer, in its sole discretion, may authorize the Dealer Manager to deposit selling commissions and any other payments due to it pursuant to this Agreement directly to its bank account. If the Dealer so elects, the Dealer shall provide such deposit authorization and instructions in Schedule 2 to this Agreement.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, in the event that the Dealer Manager has reallowed any selling commissions or fees to the Dealer for a sale of one or more Shares and the subscription is rescinded as to one or more of the Shares covered by such subscription, the Dealer shall decrease the next reallowance of selling commissions or payment of other compensation otherwise payable to the Dealer by the Dealer Manager under this Agreement by an amount equal to the selling commissions or fees paid to the Dealer for the sale of the Shares as to which the subscription is rescinded. In the event that no reallowance of selling commissions or payment of other compensation is due to the Dealer Manager after such rescinded subscription occurs, the Dealer shall pay the amount specified in the preceding sentence to the Dealer Manager within seven (7) days following receipt of notice by the Dealer from the Dealer Manager stating the amount owed as a result of rescinded subscriptions.
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VI. | Right to Reject Orders or Cancel Sales |
All orders, whether initial or additional, are subject to acceptance by and shall only become effective upon confirmation by the Company, which reserves the right to reject any order. Orders not accompanied by an executed Subscription Agreement and the required check or wire transfer in payment for the Shares may be rejected. Issuance and delivery of the Shares will be made only after actual receipt of payment therefor. If any check is not paid upon presentment, or if the Company is not in actual receipt of clearinghouse funds or cash, certified or cashiers check or the equivalent in payment for the Shares within 15 days of sale, the Company reserves the right to cancel the sale without notice. In the event an order is rejected, canceled or rescinded for any reason, the Dealer agrees to return to the Dealer Manager any commission theretofore paid with respect to such order.
VII. | Prospectus and Authorized Sales Materials; Compliance with Laws |
The Dealer is not authorized or permitted to give and will not give any information or make any representation concerning the Shares except as set forth in the Prospectus and any Authorized Sales Materials. The Dealer Manager will supply the Dealer with reasonable quantities of the Prospectus, any supplements thereto and any amended Prospectus, as well as any Authorized Sales Materials, for delivery to investors, and the Dealer will deliver a copy of the Prospectus and all supplements thereto and any amended Prospectus to each investor to whom an offer is made prior to or simultaneously with the first solicitation of an offer to sell the Shares to an investor. The Dealer agrees that it will not send or give any supplement to the Prospectus or any Authorized Sales Materials to an investor unless it has previously sent or given a Prospectus and all previous supplements thereto and any amended Prospectus to that investor or has simultaneously sent or given a Prospectus and all previous supplements thereto and any amended Prospectus with such supplement to the Prospectus or Authorized Sales Materials. The Dealer agrees that it will not show or give to any investor or prospective investor or reproduce any material or writing which is supplied to it by the Dealer Manager and marked dealer only or otherwise bearing a legend denoting that it is not to be used in connection with the sale of Shares to members of the public. The Dealer agrees that it will not use in connection with the offer or sale of Shares any material or writing which relates to another company supplied to it by the Company or the Dealer Manager bearing a legend which states that such material may not be used in connection with the offer or sale of any securities other than the company to which it relates. The Dealer agrees that it will itself mail or otherwise deliver all final Prospectuses required for compliance with the provisions of Rule 15c2-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). Regardless of the termination of this Agreement, the Dealer will deliver a Prospectus in transactions in the Shares for a period of 90 days from the effective date of the Registration Statement or such longer period as may be required by the Exchange Act.
On becoming a Dealer, and in offering and selling Shares, the Dealer agrees to comply with all the applicable requirements imposed upon it under (a) the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated under both such acts, (b) all applicable state securities laws and regulations as from time to time in effect, (c) any other state and Federal
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laws and regulations applicable to the Offering, the sale of Shares or the activities of the Dealer pursuant to this Agreement, including without limitation the privacy standards and requirements of state and Federal laws, including the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (the GLBA), and the laws governing money laundering abatement and anti-terrorist financing efforts, including the applicable rules of the Commission and FINRA, the Bank Secrecy Act, as amended, the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, and regulations administered by the Office of Foreign Asset Control at the Department of the Treasury; and (d) this Agreement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented. Notwithstanding the termination of this Agreement or the payment of any amount to the Dealer, the Dealer agrees to pay the Dealers proportionate share of any claim, demand or liability asserted against the Dealer and the other Dealers on the basis that such Dealers or any of them constitute an association, unincorporated business or other separate entity, including in each case such Dealers proportionate share of any expenses incurred in defending against any such claim, demand or liability.
VIII. | License and FINRA Membership; No Pending Actions |
The Dealers acceptance of this Agreement constitutes a representation to the Company and the Dealer Manager that the Dealer is a properly registered or licensed broker dealer, duly authorized to sell Shares under Federal and state securities laws and regulations and in all states where it offers or sells Shares, and that it is a member in good standing of FINRA. This Agreement shall automatically terminate if the Dealer ceases to be a member in good standing of FINRA. The Dealer agrees to notify the Dealer Manager immediately if the Dealer ceases to be a member in good standing of FINRA. In addition, each of the Dealer Manager and the Dealer hereby agrees to abide by the Conduct Rules of FINRA, including FINRA Rules 2090, 2111, 2310, 5110 and 5141, and to comply with Rules 2420 and 2440 of the Conduct Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (or any such rules successor FINRA Rule).
The Dealers acceptance of this Agreement constitutes a representation to the Company and the Dealer Manager that there is no action, suit, proceeding, legal claim or investigation pending, or to the knowledge of the Dealer, threatened or contemplated before or by any Federal or state commission, arbitrator, court, regulatory body or administrative agency or other governmental body or agency, domestic or foreign, at law or in equity, against or affecting the Dealer, which would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on the Dealers ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement or on the Dealers business, prospects, operations, condition (financial or otherwise), industry reputation or results of operations (a Material Adverse Effect). The Dealer covenants and agrees during the term of this Agreement to promptly notify the Dealer Manager of any such actual, threatened or contemplated action, suit, proceeding, legal claim or investigation which would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
The Dealers acceptance of this Agreement constitutes a further representation to the Company and the Dealer Manager that to the knowledge of the Dealer, there are no events or incidents that would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect and the Dealer covenants and agrees during the term of this Agreement to promptly notify the Dealer Manager of any such event or incident which would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
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IX. | Limitation of Offer; Suitability |
The Dealer will offer Shares only to persons who meet the financial qualifications set forth in the Prospectus or in any suitability letter or memorandum sent to it by the Company or the Dealer Manager and will only make offers to persons in the states in which it is advised in writing by the Dealer Manager that the Shares are qualified for sale or that such qualification is not required.
In offering Shares, the Dealer shall determine that the purchase of the Shares is a suitable and appropriate investment for each purchaser of the Shares solicited by the Dealer. The Dealer acknowledges and agrees that the Dealer Manager does not have any customers and that with respect to each purchaser of Shares solicited by the Dealer, it shall be the sole obligation of the Dealer, and not the Dealer Manager, to comply with the suitability and other requirements imposed by the Prospectus, the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, applicable Blue Sky laws, and all applicable FINRA rules, including the NASD Conduct Rules set forth in the FINRA Manual, as well as all other applicable rules and regulations relating to suitability of investors and prospectus delivery requirements, including without limitation, the provisions of Article III.C. and Article III.E.1. of the NASAA REIT Guidelines. Nothing contained in this Selected Dealer Agreement shall be construed to impose upon the Company or the Dealer Manager the responsibility of assuring that prospective investors meet the suitability standards in accordance with the terms and provisions of the Prospectus. The Dealer shall not purchase any Shares for a discretionary account without obtaining the prior written approval of the Dealers customer. The Dealer agrees to comply with the recordkeeping requirements imposed by (a) federal and state securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder, (b) the applicable rules of FINRA and (c) the NASAA REIT Guidelines, including the requirement to maintain records (the Suitability Records) of the information used to determine that an investment in Shares is suitable and appropriate for each subscriber for a period of six years from the date of the sale of the Shares. The Dealer further agrees to make the Suitability Records available to the Dealer Manager and the Company upon request and to make them available to representatives of the Commission and FINRA and applicable state securities administrators upon the Dealers receipt of a subpoena or other appropriate document request from such agency.
X. | Disclosure Review; Confidentiality of Information |
The Dealer agrees that it shall have reasonable grounds to believe, based on the information made available to it through the Prospectus or other materials, that all material facts are adequately and accurately disclosed in the Prospectus and provide a reasonable basis for evaluating the Shares. In making this determination, the Dealer shall evaluate items of compensation, physical properties, tax aspects, financial stability and experience of the sponsor, conflicts of interest and risk factors; and appraisals and other pertinent reports. If the Dealer relies upon the results of any inquiry conducted by another member or members of FINRA, the Dealer shall have reasonable grounds to believe that such inquiry was conducted with due care, that the member or members conducting or directing the inquiry consented to the disclosure of the results of the inquiry and that the person who participated in or conducted the inquiry is not the Dealer Manager or a sponsor or an affiliate of the sponsor of the Company.
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It is anticipated that the Dealer and the Dealers home office diligence personnel and other agents of the Dealer that are conducting a due diligence inquiry on behalf of the Dealer (collectively, the Diligence Personnel) either have previously or will in the future have access to certain Confidential Information (defined below) pertaining to the Company, the Dealer Manager, the Sponsor, or their respective affiliates. For purposes hereof, Confidential Information shall mean and include: (a) trade secrets concerning the business and affairs of Company, the Dealer Manager, the Sponsor, or their respective affiliates; (b) confidential data, know-how, current and planned research and development, current and planned methods and processes, marketing lists or strategies, slide presentations, business plans, however documented, belonging to Company, the Dealer Manager, the Sponsor, or their respective affiliates; (c) information concerning the business and affairs of Company, the Dealer Manager, the Sponsor, or their respective affiliates including, without limitation, historical financial statements, financial projections and budgets, models, budgets, plans, and market studies, however documented; (d) any information marked or designated ConfidentialFor Due Diligence Purposes Only; and (e) any notes, analysis, compilations, studies, summaries and other material containing or based, in whole or in part, on any information included in the foregoing. The Dealer agrees to keep, and to cause its Diligence Personnel to keep, all such Confidential Information strictly confidential and to not use, distribute or copy the same except in connection with the Dealers due diligence inquiry and in no event in connection with the sale of Shares. The Dealer agrees to not disclose, and to cause its Diligence Personnel not to disclose, such Confidential Information to the public, or the Dealers sales staff or financial advisors, or to any other third party. The Dealer further agrees to use all reasonable precautions necessary to preserve the confidentiality of such Confidential Information, including, but not limited to (a) limiting access to such information to persons who have a need to know such information only for the purpose of the Dealers due diligence inquiry and (b) informing each recipient of such Confidential Information of the Dealers confidentiality obligation. The Dealer acknowledges that Dealer or its Diligence Personnel may previously have received Confidential Information in connection with preliminary due diligence on the Company, and agrees that the foregoing restrictions shall apply to any such previously received Confidential Information. The Dealer acknowledges that Dealer or its Diligence Personnel may in the future receive Confidential Information either in individual or collective meetings or telephone calls with the Company, or at general Forums sponsored by the Company, and agrees that the foregoing restrictions shall apply to any Confidential Information received in the future through any source or medium. The Dealer acknowledges the restrictions and limitations of Regulation F-D promulgated by the Commission and agrees that the foregoing restrictions are necessary and appropriate in order for the Company to comply therewith. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Confidential Information may be disclosed (a) if approved in writing for disclosure by the Company or the Dealer Manager, as applicable, (b) pursuant to a subpoena or as required by law, or (c) as required by regulation, rule, order or request of any governing or self-regulatory organization (including the Commission or FINRA), provided that the Dealer shall notify the Dealer Manager in advance if practicable under the circumstances of any attempt to obtain Confidential Information pursuant to provisions (b) and (c).
XI. | Dealers Compliance with Anti-Money Laundering Rules and Regulations |
The Dealer acknowledges that investors who purchase Shares through the Dealer are customers of the Dealer and not the Dealer Manager. The Dealer hereby represents that has complied and will comply with Section 326 of the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 and the implementing rules and
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regulations promulgated thereunder (the PATRIOT Act) in connection with broker/dealers anti-money laundering obligations (the AML Rules). The Dealer hereby represents that it has adopted and implemented, and will maintain a written anti-money laundering compliance program (AML Program) including, without limitation, anti-money laundering policies and procedures relating to customer identification as required by the PATRIOT Act and the implementing rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. In accordance with these applicable laws and regulations and its AML Program, the Dealer agrees to verify the identity of its new customers; to maintain customer records; to check the names of new customers against government watch lists, including the Office of Foreign Asset Controls (OFAC) list of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons. Additionally, Dealer will monitor account activity to identify patterns of unusual size or volume, geographic factors and any other red flags described in the PATRIOT Act as potential signals of money laundering or terrorist financing. The Dealer will submit to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network any required suspicious activity reports about such activity and further will disclose such activity to applicable federal and state law enforcement when required by law. The Dealer further understands that, while the Dealer Manager is required to establish and implement an AML Program in accordance with the AML Rules, the Dealer cannot rely on the Dealer Managers AML Program for purposes of the Dealers compliance with the AML Rules. The Dealer agrees to notify the Dealer Manager immediately if the Dealer is subject to a FINRA disclosure event or fine from FINRA related to its AML Program.
XII. | Privacy |
The Dealer agrees to abide by and comply in all respects with (a) the privacy standards and requirements of the GLBA and applicable regulations promulgated thereunder, (b) the privacy standards and requirements of any other applicable federal or state law, including the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) and (c) its own internal privacy policies and procedures, each as may be amended from time to time.
The parties hereto acknowledge that from time to time, the Dealer may share with the Company and the Company may share with the Dealer nonpublic personal information (as defined under the GLBA) of customers of the Dealer. This nonpublic personal information may include, but is not limited to a customers name, address, telephone number, social security number, account information and personal financial information. The Dealer shall only be granted access to such nonpublic personal information of each of its customers that pertains to the period or periods during which the Dealer served as the broker dealer of record for such customers account. The Dealer, the Dealer Manager and the Company shall not disclose nonpublic personal information of any customers who have opted out of such disclosures, except (a) to service providers (when necessary and as permitted under the GLBA), (b) to carry out the purposes for which one party discloses such nonpublic personal information to another party under this Agreement (when necessary and as permitted under the GLBA) or (c) as otherwise required by applicable law. Any nonpublic personal information that one party receives from another party shall be subject to the limitations on usage described in this Section XII. Except as expressly permitted under the FCRA, the Dealer agrees that it shall not disclose any information that would be considered a consumer report under the FCRA.
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The Dealer shall be responsible for determining which customers have opted out of the disclosure of nonpublic personal information by periodically reviewing and, if necessary, retrieving a list of such customers (the List) to identify customers that have exercised their opt-out rights. In the event the Dealer, the Dealer Manager or the Company expects to use or disclose nonpublic personal information of any customer for purposes other than as set forth in this Section XII, it must first consult the List to determine whether the affected customer has exercised his or her opt-out rights. The use or disclosure of any nonpublic personal information of any customer that is identified on the List as having opted out of such disclosures, except as set forth in this Section XII, shall be prohibited.
The Dealer shall implement reasonable measures designed (a) to assure the security and confidentiality of nonpublic personal information of all customers; (b) to protect such information against any anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of such information; (c) to protect against unauthorized access to, or use of, such information that could result in material harm to any customer; (d) to protect against unauthorized disclosure of such information to unaffiliated third parties; and (e) to otherwise ensure its compliance with all applicable privacy standards and requirements of federal or state law (including, but not limited to, the GLBA), and any other applicable legal or regulatory requirements. The Dealer further agrees to cause all its agents, representatives, affiliates, subcontractors, or any other party to whom the Dealer provides access to or discloses nonpublic personal information of customers to implement appropriate measures designed to meet the objectives set forth in this Section XII.
XIII. | Dealers Undertaking to Not Facilitate a Secondary Market in the Shares |
The Dealer acknowledges that there is no public trading market for the Shares and that there are limits on the ownership, transferability and redemption of the Shares, which significantly limit the liquidity of an investment in the Shares. The Dealer also acknowledges that the Companys Share Repurchase Program (the Program) provides only a limited opportunity for investors to have their Shares redeemed by the Company and that the Companys board of directors may, in its sole discretion, amend, suspend, or terminate the Program at any time in accordance with the terms of the Program. The Dealer further acknowledges that the Company is obligated to immediately terminate the Program if the Shares are listed on a national securities exchange or if a secondary market in the Shares is otherwise established. The Dealer hereby agrees that so long as the Company is offering Shares under a registration statement filed with the Commission (including any follow-on offering of the Shares) and the Company has not listed the Shares on a national securities exchange, the Dealer will not engage in any action or transaction that would facilitate or otherwise create the appearance of a secondary market in the Shares without the prior written approval of the Dealer Manager.
XIV. | Termination |
The Dealer will suspend or terminate its offer and sale of Shares upon the request of the Company or the Dealer Manager at any time and will resume its offer and sale of Shares hereunder upon subsequent request of the Company or the Dealer Manager. Any party may terminate this Agreement by written notice. Such termination shall be effective 48 hours after the mailing of such notice. This Agreement is the entire agreement of the parties and supersedes all prior agreements, if any, between the parties hereto.
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This Agreement may be amended at any time by the Dealer Manager by written notice to the Dealer, and any such amendment shall be deemed accepted by the Dealer upon placing an order for sale of Shares after the Dealer has received such notice.
The respective agreements and obligations of the Dealer Manager and the Dealer set forth in Sections IV, VI, VII, X and XII through XVII of this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement.
XV. | Notice |
All notices, approvals, requests, authorizations, directions or other communications under this Agreement shall be given in writing and shall be deemed to be delivered when delivered in person, by courier, or by over-night delivery service, or within three days when deposited in the United States mail, properly addressed and stamped with the required postage, registered or certified mail, return receipt requested as follows:
If to the Dealer Manager: |
Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. 110 E. 59th Street New York, NY 10022 Attn: [●] |
|
If to the Dealer: |
When mailed to the address specified by the Dealer herein. |
XVI. | Attorneys Fees and Applicable Law |
In any action to enforce the provisions of this Agreement or to secure damages for its breach, the prevailing party shall recover its costs and reasonable attorneys fees. This Agreement shall be construed under the laws of the State of New York and shall take effect when signed by the
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Dealer and countersigned by the Dealer Manager. Venue for any action (including arbitration) brought hereunder shall lie exclusively in New York, New York.
THE DEALER MANAGER: |
CANTOR FITZGERALD & CO. |
|
Date: |
13
We have read the foregoing Agreement and we hereby accept and agree to the terms and conditions therein set forth. We hereby represent that the attached list of jurisdictions in which we are registered or licensed as a broker or dealer and are fully authorized to sell securities is true and correct, and we agree to advise you of any change in such list during the term of this Agreement.
1. | Identity of Selected Dealer |
Company Name: |
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Type of entity: |
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(Corporation, Partnership or Proprietorship) |
Organized in the State of: |
Licensed as broker dealer all States: Yes No |
If no, list all States licensed as broker dealer: | ||
Tax ID #: |
2. | Person To Receive Notices Delivered Pursuant To Section XVI: |
Name: |
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Company: |
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Address: |
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City, State and Zip: |
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Telephone: |
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Fax: |
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Email: |
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AGREED TO AND ACCEPTED BY THE DEALER:
(Dealers Firm Name) | ||||
By: |
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Signature | ||||
Name: |
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Title: |
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Date: |
15
SCHEDULE 1
TO
SELECTED DEALER AGREEMENT WITH
CANTOR FITZGERALD & CO.
NAME OF ISSUER : RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
NAME OF DEALER: | ||
SCHEDULE 1 TO AGREEMENT DATED: |
Check each applicable box below:
¨ | Check this box if the Dealer is electing to sell Class A Shares. |
¨ | Check this box if the Dealer is electing to sell Class T Shares. |
¨ | Check this box if the Dealer is electing to sell Class I Shares. |
Except as otherwise specifically stated herein, capitalized terms used in this Schedule not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings given them in the Selected Dealer Agreement (the Agreement) between Dealer and the Dealer Manager of which this Schedule is a part.
Selling Commission Reallowance (applicable ONLY if the Dealer sells Class A and T Shares)
The following reflects the selling commission reallowance as agreed upon between the Dealer Manager and the Dealer in connection with sales of Class A Shares and Class T Shares by the Dealer, excluding Shares issued under the Companys distribution reinvestment plan.
Subject to the terms of the Agreement, including without limitation Sections IV, V and VI of the Agreement, the Dealer Manager shall reallow to the Dealer from the selling commissions it receives from the Company selling commissions in the following amounts:
% of the gross proceeds from the sale of the Class A Shares by the Dealer
% of the gross proceeds from the sale of the Class T Shares by the Dealer
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Schedule, the Dealer affirms that the Dealer Managers liability for payment of the selling commissions to the Dealer is limited solely to the selling commissions actually received by the Dealer Manager from the Company associated with the Dealers sale of Class A Shares and Class T Shares.
Marketing Fee Reallowance
The following reflects the marketing fee reallowance as agreed upon between the Dealer Manager and the Dealer in connection with sales of Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares by the Dealer, excluding Shares issued under the Companys distribution reinvestment plan.
Subject to the terms of the Agreement, including without limitation Sections IV, V and VI of the Agreement, the Dealer Manager shall reallow to the Dealer from the dealer manager fees it receives from the Company marketing fees in the following amounts:
% of the gross proceeds from the sale of the Class A Shares by the Dealer
% of the gross proceeds from the sale of the Class T Shares by the Dealer
% of the gross proceeds from the sale of the Class I Shares by the Dealer
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Schedule, the Dealer affirms that the Dealer Managers liability for payment of the marketing fees to the Dealer is limited solely to the dealer manager fees actually received by the Dealer Manager from the Company associated with the Dealers sale of Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares.
Distribution Fee Reallowance (applicable ONLY if the Dealer sells Class T Shares)
The following reflects the Distribution Fee reallowance as agreed upon between the Dealer Manager and the Dealer in connection with sales of Class T Shares by the Dealer, excluding Shares issued under the Companys distribution reinvestment plan.
Subject to the terms of the Agreement, including without limitation Sections IV, V and VI of the Agreement, the Dealer Manager shall reallow to the Dealer % of the Distribution Fees received by the Dealer Manager with respect to Class T Shares sold by the Dealer until such time as the Dealer has received aggregate Distribution Fees with respect to such Class T Shares equal to % of the total gross investment amount at the time of purchase of such Class T shares. The Dealer Manager will pay the Distribution Fee to the Dealer monthly in arrears. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Schedule, the Dealer affirms that the Dealer Managers liability for payment of the Distribution Fee to the Dealer is limited solely to the Distribution Fees actually received by the Dealer Manager from the Company associated with the Dealers sale of Class T Shares.
DEALER:
_________________________________________ (Print Name of Dealer) |
||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: | ||
Date: |
SCHEDULE 2
TO
SELECTED DEALER AGREEMENT WITH
CANTOR FITZGERALD & CO.
NAME OF ISSUER : RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
NAME OF DEALER:
SCHEDULE 2 TO AGREEMENT DATED:
The Dealer hereby authorizes the Dealer Manager or its agent to deposit selling commissions, dealer manager fee reallowances, distribution fees and any other payments due to it pursuant to the Selected Dealer Agreement to its bank account specified below. This authority will remain in force until the Dealer notifies the Dealer Manager in writing to cancel it. In the event that the Dealer Manager deposits funds erroneously into the Dealers account, the Dealer Manager is authorized to debit the account with no prior notice to the Dealer for an amount not to exceed the amount of the erroneous deposit.
Bank Name:
Bank Address:
Bank Routing Number:
Account Number:
DEALER:
________________________________________ |
||
(Print Name of Dealer) | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: | ||
Date: |
Exhibit 3.1
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
FORM OF ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT
FIRST : Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the Corporation), desires to amend and restate its charter as currently in effect and as hereinafter amended.
SECOND : The following provisions are all the provisions of the charter currently in effect and as hereinafter amended:
ARTICLE I
NAME
The name of the corporation (which is hereinafter called the Corporation) is:
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc.
ARTICLE II
PURPOSES AND POWERS
The purposes for which the Corporation is formed are to engage in any lawful act or activity (including, without limitation or obligation, engaging in business as a real estate investment trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or any successor statute (the Code)) for which corporations may be organized under the general laws of the State of Maryland as now or hereafter in force.
ARTICLE III
PRINCIPAL OFFICE IN STATE AND RESIDENT AGENT
The address of the principal office of the Corporation in the State of Maryland is c/o CSC-Lawyers Incorporating Service Company, 7 Saint Paul Street, Suite 820, Baltimore, Maryland 21202. The name and address of the resident agent of the Corporation are CSC-Lawyers Incorporating Service Company, 7 Saint Paul Street, Suite 820, Baltimore, Maryland 21202. The resident agent is a Maryland corporation.
ARTICLE IV
DEFINITIONS
As used in the Charter, the following terms shall have the following meanings unless the context otherwise requires:
Acquisition Expenses . The term Acquisition Expenses shall mean any and all expenses, excluding Acquisition Fees incurred by the Corporation, the Operating Partnership, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates, in connection with the selection, evaluation, acquisition, origination or development of any Investments, whether or not acquired or originated, as applicable, including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses, travel and communications expenses, costs of appraisals, surveys and environmental site assessments, nonrefundable option payments on property or other investments not acquired, accounting fees and expenses, title insurance premiums and the costs of performing due diligence.
Acquisition Fee . The term Acquisition Fee shall mean any and all fees and commissions, exclusive of Acquisition Expenses, paid by any Person to any other Person (including any fees or commissions paid by or to any Affiliate of the Corporation or the Advisor) in connection with originating, making or investing in Investments or the purchase, development or construction of a Property, including real estate commissions, selection fees, Development Fees, Construction Fees, nonrecurring management fees, loan fees, points or any other fees of a similar nature. Excluded shall be Development Fees and Construction Fees paid to any Person not affiliated with the Sponsor in connection with the actual development and construction of a project.
Advisor or Advisors . The term Advisor or Advisors shall mean the Person or Persons, if any, appointed, employed or contracted with by the Corporation pursuant to Section 8.1 hereof and responsible for directing or performing the day-to-day business affairs of the Corporation, including any Person to whom the Advisor subcontracts all or substantially all of such functions.
Advisory Agreement . The term Advisory Agreement shall mean the agreement between the Corporation and the Advisor pursuant to which the Advisor will direct or perform the day-to-day business affairs of the Corporation.
Affiliate or Affiliated . The term Affiliate or Affiliated shall mean, with respect to any Person, (i) any Person directly or indirectly owning, controlling or holding, with the power to vote, ten percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of such other Person; (ii) any Person ten percent or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled or held, with the power to vote, by such other Person; (iii) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such other Person; (iv) any executive officer, director, trustee or general partner of such other Person; and (v) any legal entity for which such Person acts as an executive officer, director, trustee or general partner. An entity shall not be deemed to control or be under common control with a program sponsored by the Sponsor unless (A) the entity owns ten percent or more of the voting equity interests of such program or (B) a majority of the Board (or equivalent governing body) of such program is composed of Affiliates of the entity.
Aggregate Share Ownership Limit . The term Aggregate Share Ownership Limit shall mean 9.8% in value of the aggregate of the outstanding Shares, or such other percentage determined by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 6.1.8 of the Charter.
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Asset . The term Asset shall mean any Property or Investment owned by the Corporation, directly or indirectly through one or more of its Affiliates, and any other investment made by the Corporation, directly or indirectly through one or more of its Affiliates.
Average Invested Assets . The term Average Invested Assets shall mean, for a specified period, the average of the aggregate book value of the Assets invested, directly or indirectly, in Investments before reserves for depreciation, bad debts or other similar non-cash reserves, computed by taking the average of such values at the end of each month during such period.
Beneficial Ownership . The term Beneficial Ownership shall mean ownership of Shares by a Person, whether the interest in Shares is held directly or indirectly (including by a nominee), and shall include interests that would be treated as owned through the application of Section 544 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(h)(1)(B) of the Code. The terms Beneficial Owner, Beneficially Owns and Beneficially Owned shall have the correlative meanings.
Board or Board of Directors . The term Board or Board of Directors shall mean the Board of Directors of the Corporation.
Business Day . The term Business Day shall mean any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions in New York City are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.
Bylaws . The term Bylaws shall mean the Bylaws of the Corporation, as amended from time to time.
Charitable Beneficiary . The term Charitable Beneficiary shall mean one or more beneficiaries of the Charitable Trust as determined pursuant to Section 6.2.6, provided that each such organization must be described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code.
Charitable Trust . The term Charitable Trust shall mean any trust provided for in Section 6.2.1.
Charitable Trustee . The term Charitable Trustee shall mean the Person unaffiliated with the Corporation and a Prohibited Owner, that is appointed by the Corporation to serve as Trustee of the Charitable Trust.
Charter . The term Charter shall mean the charter of the Corporation.
Class A Common Shares . The term Class A Common Shares shall have the meaning as provided in Article V herein.
Class I Common Shares . The term Class I Common Shares shall have the meaning as provided in Article V herein.
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Class T Common Shares . The term Class T Common Shares shall have the meaning as provided in Article V herein.
Code . The term Code shall have the meaning as provided in Article II herein.
Commencement of the Initial Public Offering . The term Commencement of the Initial Public Offering shall mean the date that the Securities and Exchange Commission declares effective the registration statement filed under the Securities Act for the Initial Public Offering.
Common Share Ownership Limit . The term Common Share Ownership Limit shall mean 9.8% (in value or in number of Common Shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the aggregate of the outstanding Common Shares, or such other percentage determined by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 6.1.8 of the Charter.
Common Shares . The term Common Shares shall have the meaning as provided in Section 5.1 herein.
Competitive Real Estate Commission . The term Competitive Real Estate Commission shall mean a real estate or brokerage commission paid for the purchase or sale of a Property that is reasonable, customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the Property.
Construction Fee . The term Construction Fee shall mean a fee or other remuneration for acting as general contractor and/or construction manager to construct improvements, supervise and coordinate projects or provide major repairs or rehabilitations on a Property.
Constructive Ownership . The term Constructive Ownership shall mean ownership of Shares by a Person, whether the interest in Shares is held directly or indirectly (including by a nominee), and shall include interests that would be treated as owned through the application of Section 318(a) of the Code, as modified by Section 856(d)(5) of the Code. The terms Constructive Owner, Constructively Owns and Constructively Owned shall have the correlative meanings.
Contract Purchase Price . The term Contract Purchase Price shall mean the amount actually paid or allocated in respect of the purchase, development, construction or improvement of a Property or the amount of funds advanced with respect to a Loan, or the amount actually paid or allocated in respect of the purchase of other Assets, in each case exclusive of Acquisition Fees and Acquisition Expenses.
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Corporation . The term Corporation shall have the meaning as provided in Article I herein.
Dealer Manager . The term Dealer Manager shall mean Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. or such other Person selected by the Board to act as the dealer manager for an Offering.
Dealer Manager Fee . The term Dealer Manager Fee shall mean the dealer manager fee payable to the Dealer Manager for serving as the dealer manager for an Offering and reallowable to Soliciting Dealers with respect to Shares sold by them, as described in the Corporations Prospectus.
Development Fee . The term Development Fee shall mean a fee for the packaging of a Property, including the negotiation and approval of plans, and any assistance in obtaining zoning and necessary variances and financing for a specific Property, either initially or at a later date.
Director . The term Director shall have the meaning as provided in Section 7.1 herein.
Distribution Fee . The term Distribution Fee shall mean the distribution fee payable to the Dealer Manager as additional compensation for serving as the dealer manager for an Offering and reallowable to Soliciting Dealers with respect to Class T Common Shares sold by them, as described in the Corporations Prospectus.
Distributions . The term Distributions shall mean any distributions (as such term is defined in Section 2-301 of the MGCL), pursuant to Section 5.5 hereof, by the Corporation to owners of Shares, including distributions that may constitute a return of capital for federal income tax purposes.
Excepted Holder . The term Excepted Holder shall mean a Stockholder for whom an Excepted Holder Limit is created by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 6.1.7.
Excepted Holder Limit . The term Excepted Holder Limit shall mean, provided that the affected Excepted Holder agrees to comply with the requirements established by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 6.1.7 and subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 6.1.8, the percentage limit established by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 6.1.7.
Excess Amount . The term Excess Amount shall have the meaning as provided in Section 8.10 herein.
Exchange Act . The term Exchange Act shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto.
Gross Proceeds . The term Gross Proceeds shall mean the aggregate purchase price of all Shares sold for the account of the Corporation through an Offering, without deduction for Selling Commissions, volume discounts, any marketing support and due diligence expense reimbursement or Organization and Offering Expenses. For the purpose of computing
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Gross Proceeds, the purchase price of any Share for which reduced Selling Commissions are paid to the Dealer Manager or a Soliciting Dealer (where net proceeds to the Corporation are not reduced) shall be deemed to be the full amount of the offering price per Share pursuant to the Prospectus for such Offering without reduction.
Indemnitee . The term Indemnitee shall have the meaning as provided in Section 12.2(b) herein.
Independent Appraiser . The term Independent Appraiser shall mean a Person with no material current or prior business or personal relationship with the Advisor or the Directors and who is engaged to a substantial extent in the business of rendering opinions regarding the value of Real Property and/or other Assets of the type held by the Corporation. Membership in a nationally recognized appraisal society such as the American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers or the Society of Real Estate Appraisers shall be conclusive evidence of being engaged to a substantial extent in the business of rendering opinions regarding the value of Real Property.
Independent Director . The term Independent Director shall mean a Director who is not on the date of determination, and within the last two years from the date of determination has not been, directly or indirectly associated with the Sponsor or the Advisor by virtue of (i) ownership of an interest in the Sponsor, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates, (ii) employment by the Sponsor, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates, (iii) service as an officer or director of the Sponsor, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates, (iv) performance of services, other than as a Director, for the Corporation, (v) service as a director or trustee of more than three REITs organized by the Sponsor or advised by the Advisor or (vi) maintenance of a material business or professional relationship with the Sponsor, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates. A business or professional relationship is considered material if the aggregate gross income derived by the Director from the Sponsor, the Advisor and their Affiliates exceeds five percent of either the Directors annual gross income during either of the last two years or the Directors net worth on a fair market value basis. An indirect association with the Sponsor or the Advisor shall include circumstances in which a Directors spouse, parent, child, sibling, mother- or father-in-law, son- or daughter-in-law or brother- or sister-in-law is or has been associated with the Sponsor, the Advisor, any of their Affiliates or the Corporation.
Initial Date . The term Initial Date shall mean the date on which Shares are first issued in the Initial Public Offering; provided, however, that following any Restriction Termination Date, the term Initial Date shall mean the date on which the Corporation files, and the SDAT accepts for record, a Certificate of Notice setting forth the determination of the Board of Directors that it is in the best interests of the Corporation to attempt to qualify or requalify as a REIT.
Initial Investment . The term Initial Investment shall mean that portion of the initial capitalization of the Corporation contributed by the Sponsor or its Affiliates pursuant to Section II.A. of the NASAA REIT Guidelines.
Initial Public Offering . The term Initial Public Offering shall mean the first Offering pursuant to an effective registration statement filed under the Securities Act.
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Invested Capital . The term Invested Capital shall mean the amount calculated by multiplying the total number of Shares purchased by Stockholders by the issue price at the time of such purchase, reduced by the portion of any Distribution that is attributable to Net Sales Proceeds and by any amounts paid by the Corporation to repurchase Shares pursuant to the Corporations plan for the repurchase of Shares.
Investments . The term Investments shall mean all investments by the Corporation or the Operating Partnership in Properties, Loans and all other investments (other than short-term investments acquired for purposes of cash management) in which the Corporation or the Operating Partnership may acquire an interest, either directly or indirectly, including through ownership interests in a Joint Venture, pursuant to its Charter, Bylaws and the investment objectives and policies adopted by the Board from time to time.
Joint Ventures . The term Joint Ventures shall mean those joint venture, limited liability company, partnership or other entity arrangements in which the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries is a co-venturer, member or partner established to acquire or hold Investments.
Leverage . The term Leverage shall mean the aggregate amount of indebtedness of the Corporation for money borrowed (including purchase money mortgage loans) outstanding at any time, both secured and unsecured.
Listing . The term Listing shall mean the listing of Common Shares on a national securities exchange. Upon such Listing, the Common Shares shall be deemed Listed.
Loans. The term Loans means mortgage loans and other types of debt financing investments made by the Corporation or the Operating Partnership, either directly or indirectly, including through ownership interests in a Joint Venture, including, without limitation, mezzanine loans, B-Notes, bridge loans, convertible debt, wraparound mortgage loans, construction mortgage loans, loans on leasehold interests, and participations in such loans.
Market Price . The term Market Price on any date shall mean, with respect to any class or series of outstanding Shares, the Closing Price for such Shares on such date. The Closing Price on any date shall mean the last sale price for such Shares, regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, for such Shares, in either case as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed or admitted to trading on the NYSE or, if such Shares are not listed or admitted to trading on the NYSE, as reported on the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed on the principal national securities exchange on which such Shares are listed or admitted to trading or, if such Shares are not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last quoted price or, if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the principal automated quotation system that may then be in use or, if such Shares are not quoted by any such system, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market in such Shares selected by the Board of Directors or, in the event that no trading price is available for such Shares, the net asset value of such Shares, as most recently disclosed by the Corporation.
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MGCL . The term MGCL shall mean the Maryland General Corporation Law, as amended from time to time.
NASAA REIT Guidelines . The term NASAA REIT Guidelines shall mean the Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts published by the North American Securities Administrators Association on May 7, 2007.
Net Asset Value Per Class A Common Share . The term Net Asset Value Per Class A Common Share shall mean the net asset value of the Corporation allocable to the Class A Common Shares, determined as described in the Corporations Prospectus, divided by the number of outstanding Class A Common Shares.
Net Asset Value Per Class I Common Share . The term Net Asset Value Per Class I Common Share shall mean the net asset value of the Corporation allocable to the Class I Common Shares, determined as described in the Corporations Prospectus, divided by the number of outstanding Class I Common Shares.
Net Asset Value Per Class T Common Share . The term Net Asset Value Per Class T Common Share shall mean the net asset value of the Corporation allocable to the Class T Common Shares, determined as described in the Corporations Prospectus, divided by the number of outstanding Class T Common Shares.
Net Assets . The term Net Assets shall mean the total Assets (other than intangibles) at cost, before deducting depreciation, reserves for bad debts or other non-cash reserves, less total liabilities, calculated quarterly by the Corporation on a basis consistently applied.
Net Income . The term Net Income shall mean for any period, the Corporations total revenues applicable to such period, less the total expenses applicable to such period other than additions to reserves for depreciation, bad debts or other similar non-cash reserves and excluding any gain from the sale of the Assets.
Net Sales Proceeds . The term Net Sales Proceeds shall mean in the case of a transaction described in clause (i)(A) of the definition of Sale, the proceeds of any such transaction less the amount of selling expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Corporation, including all real estate commissions, closing costs and legal fees and expenses. In the case of a transaction described in clause (i)(B) of the definition of Sale, Net Sales Proceeds means the proceeds of any such transaction less the amount of selling expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Corporation, including any legal fees and expenses and other selling expenses incurred in connection with such transaction. In the case of a transaction described in clause (i)(C) of the definition of Sale, Net Sales Proceeds means the proceeds of any such transaction actually distributed to the Corporation or the Operating Partnership from the Joint Venture less the amount of any selling expenses, including legal fees and expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Corporation (other than those paid by the Joint Venture). In the case of a transaction or series of transactions described in clause (i)(D) of the definition of Sale, Net Sales Proceeds means the proceeds of any such transaction (including the aggregate of all payments under an Investment or
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in satisfaction thereof other than regularly scheduled interest payments) less the amount of selling expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Corporation, including all commissions, closing costs and legal fees and expenses. In the case of a transaction described in clause (i)(E) of the definition of Sale, Net Sales Proceeds means the proceeds of any such transaction less the amount of selling expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Corporation, including any legal fees and expenses and other selling expenses incurred in connection with such transaction. In the case of a transaction described in clause (ii) of the definition of Sale, Net Sales Proceeds means the proceeds of such transaction or series of transactions less all amounts generated thereby which are reinvested in one or more Assets within 180 days thereafter and less the amount of any real estate commissions, closing costs, legal fees and expenses and other selling expenses incurred by or allocated to the Corporation or the Operating Partnership in connection with such transaction or series of transactions. Net Sales Proceeds shall also include any amounts that the Corporation determines, in its discretion, to be economically equivalent to proceeds of a Sale. Net Sales Proceeds shall not include any reserves established by the Corporation in its sole discretion.
Non-Compliant Tender Offer . The term Non-Compliant Tender Offer shall have the meaning as provided in Section 11.7 herein.
NYSE . The term NYSE shall mean the New York Stock Exchange.
Offering . The term Offering shall mean any offering and sale of Shares.
Operating Partnership . The term Operating Partnership shall mean Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP, a Delaware limited partnership formed to own and operate Investments on behalf of the Corporation.
Organization and Offering Expenses . The term Organization and Offering Expenses shall mean any and all costs and expenses incurred by the Corporation and to be paid from the Assets in connection with the formation of the Corporation and the qualification and registration of an Offering, and the marketing and distribution of Shares, including, without limitation, total underwriting and brokerage discounts and commissions (including fees of the underwriters attorneys), expenses for printing, preparing and amending registration statements or supplementing prospectuses, mailing and distributing costs, salaries of employees while engaged in sales activity, telephone and other telecommunications costs, all advertising and marketing expenses (including the costs related to investor and broker-dealer sales meetings), charges of transfer agents, registrars, trustees, escrow holders, depositories and experts and fees, expenses and taxes related to the filing, registration and qualification of the sale of the Shares under federal and state laws, including taxes and fees and accountants and attorneys fees, bona-fide due diligence expenses of broker-dealers and expenses incurred by the Advisor for administrative services related to the issuance of the Shares.
Person . The term Person shall mean an individual, corporation, partnership, estate, trust (including a trust qualified under Sections 401(a) or 501(c)(17) of the Code), a portion of a trust permanently set aside for or to be used exclusively for the purposes described in Section 642(c) of the Code, association, private foundation within the meaning of
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Section 509(a) of the Code, joint stock company or other entity and also includes a group as that term is used for purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act and a group to which an Excepted Holder Limit applies.
Preferred Shares . The term Preferred Shares shall have the meaning as provided in Section 5.1 herein.
Prohibited Owner . The term Prohibited Owner shall mean, with respect to any purported Transfer, any Person who, but for the provisions of Article VI herein, would Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares in violation of Section 6.1.1, and, if appropriate in the context, shall also mean any Person who would have been the record owner of Shares that the Prohibited Owner would have so owned.
Property or Properties . The term Property or Properties shall mean, as the context requires, any, or all, respectively, of the Real Property acquired by the Corporation or the Operating Partnership, directly or indirectly through joint venture arrangements or other partnership or investment interests.
Prospectus . The term Prospectus shall mean the same as that term is defined in Section 2(10) of the Securities Act, including a preliminary prospectus, an offering circular as described in Rule 256 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Act or, in the case of an intrastate offering, any document by whatever name known, utilized for the purpose of offering and selling Securities to the public.
Real Property . The term Real Property shall mean land, rights in land (including leasehold interests) and any buildings, structures, improvements, furnishings, fixtures and equipment located on or used in connection with land and rights or interests in land.
Reinvestment Plan . The term Reinvestment Plan shall have the meaning as provided in Section 5.10 herein.
REIT . The term REIT shall mean a corporation, trust, association or other legal entity (other than a real estate syndication) that is engaged primarily in investing in equity interests in real estate (including fee ownership and leasehold interests) or in loans secured by real estate or both, which such entity satisfies the requirements set forth in the REIT Provisions of the Code.
REIT Provisions of the Code . The term REIT Provisions of the Code shall mean Sections 856 through 860 of the Code and any successor or other provisions of the Code relating to real estate investment trusts (including provisions as to the attribution of ownership of beneficial interests therein) and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
Restriction Termination Date . The term Restriction Termination Date shall mean the first day after any Initial Date on which the Corporation files, and the SDAT accepts for record, a Certificate of Notice setting forth the determination of the Board of Directors that it is no longer in the best interests of the Corporation to attempt to, or continue to, qualify as a REIT or that compliance with the restrictions and limitations on Beneficial Ownership, Constructive Ownership and Transfers of Shares set forth herein is no longer required in order for the Corporation to qualify as a REIT.
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Roll-Up Entity . The term Roll-Up Entity shall mean a partnership, real estate investment trust, corporation, trust or similar entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of a proposed Roll-Up Transaction.
Roll-Up Transaction . The term Roll-Up Transaction shall mean a transaction involving the acquisition, merger, conversion or consolidation either directly or indirectly of the Corporation and the issuance of securities of a Roll-Up Entity to the holders of Common Shares. Such term does not include:
(a) a transaction involving securities of the Corporation that have been listed on a national securities exchange for at least twelve months; or
(b) a transaction involving the conversion to corporate, trust or association form of only the Corporation, if, as a consequence of the transaction, there will be no significant adverse change in any of the following:
(i) voting rights of the holders of Common Shares;
(ii) the term of existence of the Corporation;
(iii) Sponsor or Advisor compensation; or
(iv) the Corporations investment objectives.
Sale or Sales . The term Sale or Sales shall mean (i) any transaction or series of transactions whereby: (A) the Corporation or the Operating Partnership, directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition), sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any Investment or portion thereof, including the lease of any Property consisting of a building only, and including any event with respect to any Investment which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards, and including the issuance by one of the Corporations subsidiaries of any asset backed securities or collateralized debt obligations as part of a securitization transaction; (B) the Corporation or the Operating Partnership, directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition), sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of all or substantially all of the interest of the Corporation or the Operating Partnership in any Joint Venture in which it is a co-venturer or partner; (C) any Joint Venture in which the Corporation or the Operating Partnership is a co-venturer or partner directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any Investment or portion thereof, including any event with respect to any Investment which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards, and including the issuance by such a Joint Venture or one of its subsidiaries of any asset backed securities or collateralized debt obligations as part of a securitization transaction; or (D) the Corporation directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition), sells, grants, conveys or relinquishes its interest in any Investment or portion thereof, including any payments thereunder or in satisfaction thereof (other than regularly scheduled interest payments) or any
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amounts owed pursuant to such Investment, and including any event with respect to any Investment which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or similar awards; or (E) the Corporation directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any other Asset not previously described in this definition or any portion thereof, but (ii) not including any transaction or series of transactions specified in clause (i) (A) through (E) above in which the proceeds of such transaction or series of transactions are reinvested by the Corporation in one or more Assets within 180 days thereafter.
SDAT . The term SDAT shall have the meaning as provided in Section 5.4 herein.
Securities . The term Securities shall mean any of the following issued by the Corporation, as the text requires: Shares, any other stock, shares or other evidences of equity or beneficial or other interests, voting trust certificates, bonds, debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness, secured or unsecured, convertible, subordinated or otherwise, or in general any instruments commonly known as securities or any certificates of interest, shares or participations in, temporary or interim certificates for, receipts for, guarantees of or warrants, options or rights to subscribe to, purchase or acquire any of the foregoing.
Securities Act . The term Securities Act shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto. Reference to any provision of the Securities Act shall mean such provision as in effect from time to time, as the same may be amended, and any successor provision thereto, as interpreted by any applicable regulations as in effect from time to time.
Selling Commissions . The term Selling Commissions shall mean any and all commissions payable to underwriters, dealer managers or other broker-dealers in connection with the sale of Shares, including, without limitation, commissions payable to the Dealer Manager.
Shares . The term Shares shall mean shares of stock of the Corporation of any class or series, including Common Shares or Preferred Shares.
Soliciting Dealers . The term Soliciting Dealers shall mean those broker-dealers that are members of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., or that are exempt from broker-dealer registration, and that, in either case, enter into participating broker or other agreements with the Dealer Manager to sell Shares.
Special Units . The term Special Units means a separate series of partnership interests issued by the Operating Partnership pursuant to the partnership agreement of Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP.
Sponsor . The term Sponsor shall mean any Person which (i) is directly or indirectly instrumental in organizing, wholly or in part, the Corporation, (ii) will control, manage or participate in the management of the Corporation, (iii) takes the initiative, directly or indirectly, in founding or organizing the Corporation, either alone or in conjunction with one or
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more other Persons, (iv) receives a material participation in the Corporation in connection with the founding or organizing of the business of the Corporation, in consideration of services or property, or both services and property, (v) has a substantial number of relationships and contacts with the Corporation, (vi) possesses significant rights to control Properties, (vii) receives fees for providing services to the Corporation which are paid on a basis that is not customary in the industry or (viii) provides goods or services to the Corporation on a basis which was not negotiated at arms-length with the Corporation. Sponsor does not include any Person whose only relationship with the Corporation is that of an independent property manager and whose only compensation is as such, or wholly independent third parties such as attorneys, accountants and underwriters whose only compensation is for professional services.
Stockholder List . The term Stockholder List shall have the meaning as provided in Section 11.5 herein.
Stockholders . The term Stockholders shall mean the holders of record of the Shares as maintained in the books and records of the Corporation or its transfer agent.
Termination Date . The term Termination Date shall mean the date of termination of the Advisory Agreement.
Total Operating Expenses . The term Total Operating Expenses shall mean all costs and expenses paid or incurred by the Corporation, as determined under generally accepted accounting principles, that are in any way related to the operation of the Corporation or to corporate business, including advisory fees, but excluding (i) the expenses of raising capital such as Organization and Offering Expenses, legal, audit, accounting, underwriting, brokerage, listing, registration and other fees, printing and other such expenses and taxes incurred in connection with the issuance, distribution, transfer, registration and Listing of the Shares, (ii) interest payments, (iii) taxes, (iv) non-cash expenditures such as depreciation, amortization and bad debt reserves, (v) incentive fees paid in compliance with the NASAA REIT Guidelines, (vi) Acquisition Fees and Acquisition Expenses, (vii) real estate commissions on the Sale of Property and (viii) other fees and expenses connected with the acquisition, disposition, management and ownership of real estate interests, mortgage loans or other property (including the costs of foreclosure, insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance, repair and improvement of property).
Total Stockholder-Level Underwriting Compensation . The term Total Stockholder-Level Underwriting Compensation shall mean all Dealer Manager Fees, Selling Commissions, Distribution Fees and other items deemed underwriting compensation pursuant to Rule 2310 of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. paid to the Dealer Manager or to Soliciting Dealers with respect to the Class T Common Shares held in a particular Stockholders account.
Transfer . The term Transfer shall mean any issuance, sale, transfer, gift, assignment, devise or other disposition, as well as any other event that causes any Person to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of Shares or the right to vote or receive dividends on Shares, or any agreement to take any such actions or cause any such events, including (i) the granting or exercise of any option (or any disposition of any option), (ii) any
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disposition of any securities or rights convertible into or exchangeable for Shares or any interest in Shares or any exercise of any such conversion or exchange right and (iii) Transfers of interests in other entities that result in changes in Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of Shares; in each case, whether voluntary or involuntary, whether owned of record, Constructively Owned or Beneficially Owned and whether by operation of law or otherwise. The terms Transferring and Transferred shall have the correlative meanings.
2%/25% Guidelines . The term 2%/25% Guidelines shall have the meaning as provided in Section 8.10 herein.
Unimproved Real Property . The term Unimproved Real Property shall mean Property in which the Corporation has an equity interest that was not acquired for the purpose of producing rental or other operating income, that has no development or construction in process and for which no development or construction is planned, in good faith, to commence within one year.
ARTICLE V
STOCK
Section 5.1 Authorized Shares . The Corporation has authority to issue 450,000,000 Shares, consisting of 400,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share (Common Shares), of which 160,000,000 are classified as Class A Common Stock (the Class A Common Shares), 200,000,000 are classified as Class T Common Stock (the Class T Common Shares) and 40,000,000 are classified as Class I Common Stock (the Class I Common Shares), and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share (Preferred Shares). The aggregate par value of all authorized Shares having par value is $4,500,000. All Shares shall be fully paid and nonassessable when issued. If Shares of one class are classified or reclassified into Shares of another class pursuant to this Article V, the number of authorized Shares of the former class shall be automatically decreased and the number of Shares of the latter class shall be automatically increased, in each case by the number of Shares so classified or reclassified, so that the aggregate number of Shares of all classes that the Corporation has authority to issue shall not be more than the total number of Shares set forth in the first sentence of this paragraph. The Board of Directors, with the approval of a majority of the entire Board and without any action by the Stockholders, may amend the Charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of Shares or the number of Shares of any class or series that the Corporation has authority to issue.
Section 5.2 Common Shares .
Section 5.2.1 Common Shares Subject to Terms of Preferred Shares . The Common Shares shall be subject to the express terms of any series of Preferred Shares.
Section 5.2.2 Description . Subject to the provisions of Article VI and except as may otherwise be specified in the Charter, each Common Share shall entitle the holder thereof to one vote per share on all matters upon which Stockholders are entitled to vote pursuant to Section 11.2 hereof. The Board may classify or reclassify any unissued Common Shares from
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time to time into one or more classes or series of Shares. Except as otherwise set forth in the Charter, the Class A Common Shares, Class T Common Shares and Class I Common Shares shall have identical preferences, rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other Distributions, qualifications, and terms and conditions of redemption.
Section 5.2.3 Rights Upon Liquidation . In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, merger, dissolution or winding up, or any Distribution of the Assets, the aggregate Assets available for Distribution to holders of the Common Shares shall be determined in accordance with applicable law. The holder of each Class A Common Share shall be entitled to be paid, out of the assets of the Corporation that are legally available for distribution to the Stockholders, a liquidation payment equal to the Net Asset Value Per Class A Common Share; the holder of each Class T Common Share shall be entitled to be paid, out of the assets of the Corporation that are legally available for distribution to the Stockholders, a liquidation payment equal to the Net Asset Value Per Class T Common Share; and the holder of each Class I Common Share shall be entitled to be paid, out of the assets of the Corporation that are legally available for distribution to the Stockholders, a liquidation payment equal to the Net Asset Value Per Class I Common Share; provided, however, that if the available assets of the Corporation are insufficient to pay in full the above described liquidation payments, then such assets, or the proceeds thereof, shall be distributed among the holders of the Class A Common Shares, the Class T Common Shares and the Class I Common Shares ratably in the same proportion as the respective amounts that would be payable on such Class A Common Shares, Class T Common Shares and Class I Common Shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full.
Section 5.2.4 Voting Rights . Except as may be provided otherwise in the Charter, and subject to the express terms of any series of Preferred Shares, the holders of the Common Shares shall have the exclusive right to vote on all matters (as to which a common stockholder shall be entitled to vote pursuant to applicable law) at all meetings of the Stockholders.
Section 5.2.5 Conversion of Class T Common Shares .
(a) Upon Listing of the Class A Common Shares, each Class T Common Share shall automatically and without any action on the part of the holder thereof convert into a number of Class A Common Shares equal to a fraction, the numerator of which is the Net Asset Value Per Class T Common Share and the denominator of which is the Net Asset Value Per Class A Common Share.
(b) As of the last calendar day of the month in which the Corporations transfer agent, on the Corporations behalf, determines that Total Stockholder-Level Underwriting Compensation paid with respect to the Class T Common Shares held by a Stockholder within such Stockholders account would be in excess of ten percent of the total gross investment amount at the time of purchase of such Class T Common Shares (not including Class T Common Shares sold pursuant to a Reinvestment Plan), each Class T Common Share held in the applicable Stockholders account shall automatically and without any action on the part of the holder thereof convert into a number of Class A Common Shares equal to a fraction, the numerator of which is the Net Asset Value Per Class T Common Share and the denominator of which is the Net Asset Value Per Class A Common Share.
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Section 5.3 Preferred Shares . The Board may classify any unissued Preferred Shares and reclassify any previously classified but unissued Preferred Shares of any series from time to time, into one or more classes or series of Shares.
Section 5.4 Classified or Reclassified Shares . Prior to issuance of classified or reclassified Shares of any class or series, the Board by resolution shall: (a) designate that class or series to distinguish it from all other classes and series of Shares; (b) specify the number of Shares to be included in the class or series; (c) set or change, subject to the provisions of Article VI and subject to the express terms of any class or series of Shares outstanding at the time, the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other Distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption for each class or series; and (d) cause the Corporation to file articles supplementary with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland (SDAT). Any of the terms of any class or series of Shares set or changed pursuant to clause (c) of this Section 5.4 may be made dependent upon facts or events ascertainable outside the Charter (including determinations by the Board or other facts or events within the control of the Corporation) and may vary among holders thereof, provided that the manner in which such facts, events or variations shall operate upon the terms of such class or series of Shares is clearly and expressly set forth in the articles supplementary or other charter document.
Section 5.5 Distributions . The Board of Directors may from time to time authorize the Corporation to declare and pay to Stockholders such dividends or other Distributions in cash or other assets of the Corporation or in securities of the Corporation, including in Shares of one class payable to holders of Shares of another class, or from any other source as the Board of Directors in its discretion shall determine. The Board of Directors shall endeavor to authorize the Corporation to declare and pay such dividends and other Distributions as shall be necessary for the Corporation to qualify as a REIT under the Code; provided, however, Stockholders shall have no right to any dividend or other Distribution unless and until authorized by the Board and declared by the Corporation. The exercise of the powers and rights of the Board of Directors pursuant to this Section 5.5 shall be subject to the provisions of any class or series of Shares at the time outstanding. The receipt by any Person in whose name any Shares are registered on the records of the Corporation or by his or her duly authorized agent shall be a sufficient discharge for all dividends or other Distributions payable or deliverable in respect of such Shares and from all liability to see to the application thereof. Distributions in kind shall not be permitted, except for distributions of readily marketable securities, distributions of beneficial interests in a liquidating trust established for the dissolution of the Corporation and the liquidation of its assets in accordance with the terms of the Charter or distributions in which (a) the Board advises each Stockholder of the risks associated with direct ownership of the property, (b) the Board offers each Stockholder the election of receiving such in-kind distributions and (c) in-kind distributions are made only to those Stockholders that accept such offer.
Section 5.6 Charter and Bylaws . The rights of all Stockholders and the terms of all Shares are subject to the provisions of the Charter and the Bylaws.
Section 5.7 No Issuance of Share Certificates . Unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, the Corporation shall not issue stock certificates. A Stockholders
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investment shall be recorded on the books of the Corporation. To transfer his or her Shares, a Stockholder shall submit an executed form to the Corporation, which form shall be provided by the Corporation upon request. Such transfer will also be recorded on the books of the Corporation. Upon issuance or transfer of Shares, the Corporation will provide the Stockholder with information concerning his or her rights with regard to such Shares, as required by the Bylaws and the MGCL or other applicable law.
Section 5.8 Suitability of Stockholders . Upon the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering and until Listing, the following provisions shall apply:
Section 5.8.1 Investor Suitability Standards . Subject to suitability standards established by individual states, to become a Stockholder, if such prospective Stockholder is an individual (including an individual beneficiary of a purchasing individual retirement account), or if the prospective Stockholder is a fiduciary (such as a trustee of a trust or corporate pension or profit sharing plan, or other tax-exempt organization, or a custodian under a Uniform Gifts to Minors Act), such individual or fiduciary, as the case may be, must represent to the Corporation, among other requirements as the Corporation may require from time to time:
(a) that such individual (or, in the case of a fiduciary, that the fiduciary account or the donor who directly or indirectly supplies the funds to purchase the Shares) has a minimum annual gross income of $70,000 and a net worth (excluding home, furnishings and automobiles) of not less than $70,000; or
(b) that such individual (or, in the case of a fiduciary, that the fiduciary account or the donor who directly or indirectly supplies the funds to purchase the Shares) has a net worth (excluding home, furnishings and automobiles) of not less than $250,000.
Section 5.8.2 Determination of Suitability of Sale . The Sponsor and each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Corporation shall make every reasonable effort to determine that the purchase of Common Shares by a Stockholder is a suitable and appropriate investment for such Stockholder. In making this determination, the Sponsor or each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Corporation shall ascertain that the prospective Stockholder: (a) meets the minimum income and net worth standards established for the Corporation; (b) can reasonably benefit from the Corporation based on the prospective Stockholders overall investment objectives and portfolio structure; (c) is able to bear the economic risk of the investment based on the prospective Stockholders overall financial situation; and (d) has apparent understanding of (i) the fundamental risks of the investment; (ii) the risk that the Stockholder may lose the entire investment; (iii) the lack of liquidity of the Common Shares; (iv) the restrictions on transferability of the Common Shares; and (v) the tax consequences of the investment.
The Sponsor or each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Corporation shall make this determination with respect to each prospective Stockholder on the basis of information it has obtained from such prospective Stockholder. Relevant information for this purpose will include at least the age, investment objectives, investment experiences, income, net worth, financial situation and other investments of the prospective Stockholder, as well as any other pertinent factors.
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The Sponsor or each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Corporation shall maintain records of the information used to determine that an investment in Common Shares is suitable and appropriate for a Stockholder. The Sponsor or each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Corporation shall maintain these records for at least six years.
Section 5.8.3 Minimum Investment and Transfer . Subject to certain individual state requirements and except with respect to the issuance of Common Shares under the Reinvestment Plan, no initial sale or transfer of Common Shares of less than $2,500, or such other amount as determined by the Board, will be permitted.
Section 5.9 Repurchase of Shares . The Board may establish, from time to time, a program or programs by which the Corporation voluntarily repurchases Shares from its Stockholders; provided, however, that such repurchase does not impair the capital or operations of the Corporation. Neither the Sponsor, the Advisor, any member of the Board or any Affiliate thereof may receive any fees arising out of the repurchase of Shares by the Corporation.
Section 5.10 Distribution Reinvestment Plans . The Board may establish, from time to time, a Distribution reinvestment plan or plans (each, a Reinvestment Plan). Under any such Reinvestment Plan, (a) all material information regarding Distributions to the Stockholders and the effect of reinvesting such Distributions, including the tax consequences thereof, shall be provided to the Stockholders not less often than annually, and (b) each Stockholder participating in such Reinvestment Plan shall have a reasonable opportunity to withdraw from the Reinvestment Plan not less often than annually after receipt of the information required in clause (a) above.
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ARTICLE VI
RESTRICTION ON TRANSFER AND OWNERSHIP OF SHARES
Section 6.1 Shares .
Section 6.1.1 Ownership Limitations . During the period commencing on the Initial Date and prior to the Restriction Termination Date, but subject to Section 6.3:
(a) Basic Restrictions .
(i) (1) No Person, other than an Excepted Holder, shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares in excess of the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit, (2) no Person, other than an Excepted Holder, shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Common Shares in excess of the Common Share Ownership Limit and (3) no Excepted Holder shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares in excess of the Excepted Holder Limit for such Excepted Holder.
(ii) No Person shall Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares to the extent that such Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of Shares would result in the Corporation being closely held within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code (without regard to whether the ownership interest is held during the last half of a taxable year), or otherwise failing to qualify as a REIT (including, but not limited to, Beneficial or Constructive Ownership that would result in the Corporation owning (actually or Constructively) an interest in a tenant that is described in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code if the income derived by the Corporation from such tenant would cause the Corporation to fail to satisfy any of the gross income requirements of Section 856(c) of the Code).
(iii) Any Transfer of Shares that, if effective, would result in Shares being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 Persons (determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code) shall be void ab initio , and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Shares.
(b) Transfer in Trust . If any Transfer of Shares occurs which, if effective, would result in any Person Beneficially Owning or Constructively Owning Shares in violation of Section 6.1.1(a)(i) or (ii),
(i) then that number of Shares the Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of which otherwise would cause such Person to violate Section 6.1.1(a)(i) or (ii) (rounded up to the nearest whole share) shall be automatically Transferred to a Charitable Trust for the benefit of a Charitable Beneficiary, as described in Section 6.2, effective as of the close of business on the Business Day prior to the date of such Transfer, and such Person shall acquire no rights in such Shares; or
(ii) if the Transfer to the Charitable Trust described in clause (i) of this sentence would not be effective for any reason to prevent the violation of Section 6.1.1(a)(i) or (ii), then the Transfer of that number of Shares that otherwise would cause any Person to violate Section 6.1.1(a)(i) or (ii) shall be void ab initio , and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Shares.
To the extent that, upon a transfer of Shares pursuant to this Section 6.1.1(b), a violation of any provision of this Article VI would nonetheless be continuing (for example where the ownership of Shares by a single Charitable Trust would violate the 100 stockholder requirement applicable to REITs), then Shares shall be transferred to that number of Charitable Trusts, each having a distinct Charitable Trustee and a Charitable Beneficiary or Beneficiaries that are distinct from those of each other Charitable Trust, such that there is no violation of any provision of this Article VI.
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Section 6.1.2 Remedies for Breach . If the Board of Directors or its designee (including any duly authorized committee of the Board) shall at any time determine that a Transfer or other event has taken place that results in a violation of Section 6.1.1 or that a Person intends to acquire or has attempted to acquire Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of any Shares in violation of Section 6.1.1 (whether or not such violation is intended), the Board of Directors or its designee shall take such action as it deems advisable to refuse to give effect to or to prevent such Transfer or other event, including, without limitation, causing the Corporation to redeem Shares, refusing to give effect to such Transfer on the books of the Corporation or instituting proceedings to enjoin such Transfer or other event; provided, however, that any Transfers or attempted Transfers or other events in violation of Section 6.1.1 shall automatically result in the Transfer to the Charitable Trust described above, and, where applicable, such Transfer (or other event) shall be void ab initio as provided above irrespective of any action (or non-action) by the Board of Directors or its designee.
Section 6.1.3 Notice of Restricted Transfer . Any Person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of Shares that will or may violate Section 6.1.1(a), or any Person who would have owned Shares that resulted in a Transfer to the Charitable Trust pursuant to the provisions of Section 6.1.1(b), shall immediately give written notice to the Corporation of such event, or in the case of such a proposed or attempted transaction, give at least 15 days prior written notice, and shall provide to the Corporation such other information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Transfer on the Corporations status as a REIT.
Section 6.1.4 Owners Required To Provide Information . From the Initial Date and prior to the Restriction Termination Date:
(a) every owner of more than five percent (or such lower percentage as required by the Code or the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder) of the outstanding Shares, within 30 days after the end of each taxable year, shall give written notice to the Corporation stating the name and address of such owner, the number of Shares Beneficially Owned and a description of the manner in which such Shares are held. Each such owner shall provide to the Corporation such additional information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Beneficial Ownership on the Corporations status as a REIT and to ensure compliance with the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit, the Common Share Ownership Limit and the other restrictions set forth herein; and
(b) each Person who is a Beneficial or Constructive Owner of Shares and each Person (including the Stockholder of record) who is holding Shares for a Beneficial or Constructive Owner shall provide to the Corporation such information as the Corporation may request, in order to determine the Corporations status as a REIT and to comply with requirements of any taxing authority or governmental authority or to determine such compliance.
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Section 6.1.5 Remedies Not Limited . Subject to Section 7.10 of the Charter, nothing contained in this Section 6.1 shall limit the authority of the Board of Directors to take such other action as it deems necessary or advisable to protect the Corporation and the interests of its Stockholders in preserving the Corporations status as a REIT.
Section 6.1.6 Ambiguity . In the case of an ambiguity in the application of any of the provisions of this Section 6.1, Section 6.2 or any definition contained in Article IV, the Board of Directors may determine the application of the provisions of this Section 6.1 or Section 6.2 with respect to any situation based on the facts known to it. In the event Section 6.1 or 6.2 requires an action by the Board of Directors and the Charter fails to provide specific guidance with respect to such action, the Board of Directors may determine the action to be taken so long as such action is not contrary to the provisions of Article IV or Sections 6.1 or 6.2. Absent a decision to the contrary by the Board of Directors (which the Board may make in its sole and absolute discretion), if a Person would have (but for the remedies set forth in Section 6.1.2) acquired Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of Shares in violation of Section 6.1.1, such remedies (as applicable) shall apply first to the Shares which, but for such remedies, would have been Beneficially Owned or Constructively Owned (but not actually owned) by such Person, pro rata among the Persons who actually own such Shares based upon the relative number of the Shares held by each such Person.
Section 6.1.7 Exceptions .
(a) Subject to Section 6.1.1(a)(ii), the Board of Directors may exempt (prospectively or retroactively) a Person from the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit and the Common Share Ownership Limit, as the case may be, and may establish or increase an Excepted Holder Limit for such Person if the Board obtains such representations, undertakings and agreements from such Person as the Board of Directors, upon the advice of legal counsel, determines necessary in order to prevent such an exemption or such establishment or increase of an Excepted Holder Limit from jeopardizing the Corporations status as a REIT. Such representations, undertakings and agreements may include:
(i) representations and undertakings from such Person as are reasonably necessary for the Board to ascertain that no individuals Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of such Shares will violate Section 6.1.1(a)(ii);
(ii) representations and undertakings from such Person as are reasonably necessary for the Board to ascertain that such Person does not and represents that it will not own, actually or Constructively, an interest in a tenant of the Corporation (or a tenant of any entity owned or controlled by the Corporation) that would cause the Corporation to own, actually or Constructively, more than a 9.9% interest (as set forth in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code) in such tenant (for this purpose, a tenant from whom the Corporation (or an entity owned or controlled by the Corporation) derives (and is expected to continue to derive) a sufficiently small amount of revenue such that, in the judgment of the Board of Directors, rent from such tenant would not adversely affect the Corporations ability to qualify as a REIT, shall not be treated as a tenant of the Corporation); and
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(iii) the agreement by such Person that any violation or attempted violation of such representations or undertakings (or other action which is contrary to the restrictions contained in Sections 6.1.1 through 6.1.6) will result in such Shares being automatically Transferred to a Charitable Trust in accordance with Sections 6.1.1(b) and 6.2.
(b) Prior to granting any exception pursuant to Section 6.1.7(a), the Board of Directors may require a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service, or an opinion of counsel, in either case in form and substance satisfactory to the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to determine or ensure the Corporations status as a REIT. Notwithstanding the receipt of any ruling or opinion, the Board of Directors may impose such conditions or restrictions as it deems appropriate in connection with granting such exception.
(c) Subject to Section 6.1.1(a)(ii), an underwriter which participates in a public offering or a private placement of Shares (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Shares) may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Shares) in excess of the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit, the Common Share Ownership Limit or both such limits, but only to the extent necessary to facilitate such public offering or private placement.
(d) The Board of Directors may only reduce the Excepted Holder Limit for an Excepted Holder: (i) with the written consent of such Excepted Holder at any time, or (ii) pursuant to the terms and conditions of the agreements and undertakings entered into with such Excepted Holder in connection with the establishment of the Excepted Holder Limit for that Excepted Holder. No Excepted Holder Limit shall be reduced to a percentage that is less than the Common Share Ownership Limit.
Section 6.1.8 Increase or Decrease in Aggregate Share Ownership and Common Share Ownership Limits . Subject to Section 6.1.1(a)(ii), the Board of Directors may from time to time increase or decrease the Common Share Ownership Limit and the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit for one or more Persons and increase or decrease the Common Share Ownership Limit and the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit for all other Persons. No decreased Common Share Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Share Ownership Limit will be effective for any Person whose percentage of ownership in Shares is in excess of such decreased Common Share Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Share Ownership Limit, as applicable, until such time as such Persons percentage of ownership in Shares equals or falls below the decreased Common Share Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Share Ownership Limit, but any further acquisition of Shares in excess of such percentage ownership of Shares will be in violation of the Common Share Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Share Ownership Limit and, provided further, that the new Common Share Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Share Ownership Limit would not allow five or fewer Persons to Beneficially Own more than 49.9% in value of the outstanding Shares.
Section 6.1.9 Legend . Any certificate representing Shares shall bear substantially the following legend:
The Shares represented by this certificate are subject to restrictions on Beneficial and Constructive Ownership and Transfer for the
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purpose, among others, of the Corporations maintenance of its status as a real estate investment trust (a REIT) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code). Subject to certain further restrictions and except as expressly provided in the Corporations charter, (i) no Person may Beneficially or Constructively Own Common Shares in excess of 9.8% (in value or number of Common Shares) of the outstanding Common Shares unless such Person is an Excepted Holder (in which case the Excepted Holder Limit shall be applicable); (ii) no Person may Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares in excess of 9.8% of the value of the total outstanding Shares, unless such Person is an Excepted Holder (in which case the Excepted Holder Limit shall be applicable); (iii) no Person may Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares that would result in the Corporation being closely held under Section 856(h) of the Code or otherwise cause the Corporation to fail to qualify as a REIT; and (iv) any Transfer of Shares that, if effective, would result in Shares being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 Persons (as determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code) shall be void ab initio , and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Shares. Any Person who Beneficially or Constructively Owns or attempts to Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares which cause or will cause a Person to Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares in excess or in violation of the above limitations must immediately notify the Corporation in writing (or, in the case of an attempted transaction, give at least 15 days prior written notice). If any of the restrictions on Transfer or ownership as set forth in (i), (ii) or (iii) above are violated, the Shares in excess or in violation of the above limitations will be automatically Transferred to a Charitable Trust for the benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries. In addition, the Corporation may redeem Shares upon the terms and conditions specified by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion if the Board of Directors determines that ownership or a Transfer or other event may violate the restrictions described above. Furthermore, upon the occurrence of certain events, attempted Transfers in violation of the restrictions described in (i), (ii) or (iii) above may be void ab initio . All capitalized terms in this legend have the meanings defined in the Corporations charter, as the same may be amended from time to time, a copy of which, including the restrictions on Transfer and ownership, will be furnished to each holder of Shares on request and without charge. Requests for such a copy may be directed to the Secretary of the Corporation at its principal office.
Instead of the foregoing legend, the certificate may state that the Corporation will furnish a full statement about certain restrictions on transferability to a Stockholder on request and without charge. In the case of uncertificated Shares, the Corporation will send the holder of such Shares, on request and without charge, a written statement of the information otherwise required on certificates.
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Section 6.2 Transfer of Shares in Trust .
Section 6.2.1 Ownership in Trust . Upon any purported Transfer or other event described in Section 6.1.1(b) that would result in a Transfer of Shares to a Charitable Trust, such Shares shall be deemed to have been Transferred to the Charitable Trustee as trustee of a Charitable Trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries. Such Transfer to the Charitable Trustee shall be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the Business Day prior to the purported Transfer or other event that results in the Transfer to the Charitable Trust pursuant to Section 6.1.1(b). The Charitable Trustee shall be appointed by the Corporation and shall be a Person unaffiliated with the Corporation and any Prohibited Owner. Each Charitable Beneficiary shall be designated by the Corporation as provided in Section 6.2.6.
Section 6.2.2 Status of Shares Held by the Charitable Trustee . Shares held by the Charitable Trustee shall continue to be issued and outstanding Shares. The Prohibited Owner shall have no rights in the Shares held by the Charitable Trustee. The Prohibited Owner shall not benefit economically from ownership of any Shares held in trust by the Charitable Trustee, shall have no rights to dividends or other Distributions and shall not possess any rights to vote or other rights attributable to the Shares held in the Charitable Trust.
Section 6.2.3 Dividend and Voting Rights . The Charitable Trustee shall have all voting rights and rights to dividends or other Distributions with respect to Shares held in the Charitable Trust, which rights shall be exercised for the exclusive benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary. Any dividend or other Distribution paid prior to the discovery by the Corporation that Shares have been Transferred to the Charitable Trustee shall be paid by the recipient of such dividend or other Distribution to the Charitable Trustee upon demand and any dividend or other Distribution authorized but unpaid shall be paid when due to the Charitable Trustee. Any dividends or other Distributions so paid over to the Charitable Trustee shall be held in trust for the Charitable Beneficiary. The Prohibited Owner shall have no voting rights with respect to Shares held in the Charitable Trust and, subject to Maryland law, effective as of the date that Shares have been Transferred to the Charitable Trustee, the Charitable Trustee shall have the authority (at the Charitable Trustees sole discretion) (a) to rescind as void any vote cast by a Prohibited Owner prior to the discovery by the Corporation that Shares have been Transferred to the Charitable Trustee and (b) to recast such vote in accordance with the desires of the Charitable Trustee acting for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary; provided, however, that if the Corporation has already taken irreversible corporate action, then the Charitable Trustee shall not have the authority to rescind and recast such vote. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article VI, until the Corporation has received notification that Shares have been Transferred into a Charitable Trust, the Corporation shall be entitled to rely on its share transfer and other Stockholder records for purposes of preparing lists of Stockholders entitled to vote at meetings, determining the validity and authority of proxies and otherwise conducting votes and determining the other rights of Stockholders.
Section 6.2.4 Sale of Shares by Charitable Trustee . Within 20 days of receiving notice from the Corporation that Shares have been Transferred to the Charitable Trust,
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the Charitable Trustee shall sell the Shares held in the Charitable Trust to a Person, designated by the Charitable Trustee, whose ownership of the Shares will not violate the ownership limitations set forth in Section 6.1.1(a). Upon such sale, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the Shares sold shall terminate and the Charitable Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner and to the Charitable Beneficiary as provided in this Section 6.2.4. The Prohibited Owner shall receive the lesser of (a) the price paid by the Prohibited Owner for the Shares or, if the Prohibited Owner did not give value for the Shares in connection with the event causing the Shares to be held in the Charitable Trust ( e.g. , in the case of a gift, devise or other such transaction), the Market Price of the Shares on the day of the event causing the Shares to be held in the Charitable Trust and (b) the price per share received by the Charitable Trustee (net of any commissions and other expenses of sale) from the sale or other disposition of the Shares held in the Charitable Trust. The Charitable Trustee may reduce the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner by the amount of dividends and other Distributions which have been paid to the Prohibited Owner and are owed by the Prohibited Owner to the Charitable Trustee pursuant to Section 6.2.3 of this Article VI. Any net sales proceeds in excess of the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner shall be immediately paid to the Charitable Beneficiary. If, prior to the discovery by the Corporation that Shares have been Transferred to the Charitable Trustee, such Shares are sold by a Prohibited Owner, then (i) such Shares shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the Charitable Trust and (ii) to the extent that the Prohibited Owner received an amount for such Shares that exceeds the amount that such Prohibited Owner was entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 6.2.4, such excess shall be paid to the Charitable Trustee upon demand.
Section 6.2.5 Purchase Right in Shares Transferred to the Charitable Trustee . Shares Transferred to the Charitable Trustee shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to the Corporation, or its designee, at a price per Share equal to the lesser of (a) the price per Share in the transaction that resulted in such Transfer to the Charitable Trust (or, in the case of a devise or gift, the Market Price at the time of such devise or gift) and (b) the Market Price on the date the Corporation, or its designee, accepts such offer. The Corporation shall have the right to accept such offer until the Charitable Trustee has sold the Shares held in the Charitable Trust pursuant to Section 6.2.4. Upon such a sale to the Corporation, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the Shares sold shall terminate and the Charitable Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner. The Corporation may reduce the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner by the amount of dividends and other Distributions which have been paid to the Prohibited Owner and are owed by the Prohibited Owner to the Charitable Trustee pursuant to Section 6.2.3 of this Article VI. The Corporation may pay the amount of such reduction to the Charitable Trustee for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary.
Section 6.2.6 Designation of Charitable Beneficiaries . By written notice to the Charitable Trustee, the Corporation shall designate one or more nonprofit organizations to be the Charitable Beneficiary of the interest in the Charitable Trust such that (a) Shares held in the Charitable Trust would not violate the restrictions set forth in Section 6.1.1(a) in the hands of such Charitable Beneficiary and (b) each such organization must be described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code.
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Section 6.3 NYSE Transactions . Nothing in this Article VI shall preclude the settlement of any transaction entered into through the facilities of the NYSE or any other national securities exchange or automated inter-dealer quotation system. The fact that the settlement of any transaction occurs shall not negate the effect of any other provision of this Article VI and any transferee in such a transaction shall be subject to all of the provisions and limitations set forth in this Article VI.
Section 6.4 Enforcement . The Corporation is authorized specifically to seek equitable relief, including injunctive relief, to enforce the provisions of this Article VI.
Section 6.5 Non-Waiver . No delay or failure on the part of the Corporation or the Board of Directors in exercising any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver of any right of the Corporation or the Board of Directors, as the case may be, except to the extent specifically waived in writing.
ARTICLE VII
PROVISIONS FOR DEFINING, LIMITING
AND REGULATING CERTAIN POWERS OF THE
CORPORATION AND OF THE STOCKHOLDERS AND DIRECTORS
Section 7.1 Number of Directors . The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed under the direction of the Board of Directors. The number of Directors of the Corporation (the Directors) shall be five which number may be increased or decreased from time to time pursuant to the Bylaws; provided, however, that, upon Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the total number of Directors shall not be fewer than three. Upon Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, a majority of the Board will be Independent Directors except for a period of up to 60 days after the death, removal or resignation of an Independent Director pending the election of such Independent Directors successor. The names of the Directors who shall serve until the first annual meeting of Stockholders and until their successors are duly elected and qualify are:
Michael Lehrman
Steve Bisgay
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
These Directors may increase the number of Directors and fill any vacancy, whether resulting from an increase in the number of Directors or otherwise, on the Board of Directors prior to the first annual meeting of Stockholders in the manner provided in the Bylaws.
The Corporation elects, at such time as it becomes eligible to make the election provided for under Section 3-804(c) of the MGCL, that, except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms of any class or series of Preferred Shares, any and all vacancies on the Board of Directors may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining Directors in office, even if the remaining Directors do not constitute a quorum, and
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any Director elected to fill a vacancy shall serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which such vacancy occurred and until a successor is elected and qualifies. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, Independent Directors shall nominate replacements for vacancies among the Independent Directors positions.
Section 7.2 Experience . Each Director, other than Independent Directors, shall have at least three years of relevant experience demonstrating the knowledge and experience required to successfully acquire and manage the type of assets being acquired by the Corporation. At least one of the Independent Directors shall have three years of relevant real estate experience.
Section 7.3 Committees . The Board may establish such committees as it deems appropriate, in its discretion, provided that the majority of the members of each committee are Independent Directors.
Section 7.4 Term . Except as may otherwise be provided in the terms of any Preferred Shares issued by the Corporation with respect to the termination after less than one year of the term of office of any Director elected by the holders of such Preferred Shares, each Director shall hold office for one year, until the next annual meeting of Stockholders and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualifies. Directors may be elected to an unlimited number of successive terms.
Section 7.5 Fiduciary Obligations . The Directors serve in a fiduciary capacity to the Corporation and have a fiduciary duty to the Stockholders, including a specific fiduciary duty to supervise the relationship of the Corporation with the Advisor.
Section 7.6 Extraordinary Actions . Notwithstanding any provision of law permitting or requiring any action to be taken or approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of Shares entitled to cast a greater number of votes, any such action shall be effective and valid if declared advisable by the Board of Directors and taken or approved by the affirmative vote of holders of Shares entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.
Section 7.7 Authorization by Board of Stock Issuance . The Board of Directors may authorize the issuance from time to time of Shares of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, or securities or rights convertible into Shares of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, for such consideration as the Board of Directors may deem advisable (including as compensation for the Independent Directors or without consideration in the case of a stock split or stock dividend), subject to such restrictions or limitations, if any, as may be set forth in the Charter or the Bylaws. The issuance of Preferred Shares shall also be approved by a majority of Independent Directors not otherwise interested in the transaction, who shall have access at the Corporations expense to the Corporations legal counsel or to independent legal counsel.
Section 7.8 Preemptive Rights and Appraisal Rights . Except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms of classified or reclassified Shares pursuant to Section 5.4 or as may otherwise be provided by contract approved by the Board of Directors, no holder of Shares shall, as such holder, have any preemptive right to purchase or subscribe for any additional Shares or any other Security which the Corporation may issue or
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sell. Holders of Shares shall not be entitled to exercise any rights of an objecting stockholder provided for under Title 3, Subtitle 2 of the MGCL or any successor statute unless the Board of Directors, upon such terms and conditions as may be specified by the Board of Directors, shall determine that such rights apply, with respect to all or any classes or series of Shares, to one or more transactions occurring after the date of such determination in connection with which holders of such Shares would otherwise be entitled to exercise such rights.
Section 7.9 Determinations by Board . The determination as to any of the following matters, made by or pursuant to the direction of the Board of Directors consistent with the Charter, shall be final and conclusive and shall be binding upon the Corporation and every holder of Shares: the amount of the Net Income for any period and the amount of assets at any time legally available for the payment of dividends, redemption of Shares or the payment of other Distributions on Shares; the amount of paid-in surplus, Net Assets, other surplus, annual or other cash flow, funds from operations, net profit, Net Assets in excess of capital, undivided profits or excess of profits over losses on Sales of Assets; the amount, purpose, time of creation, increase or decrease, alteration or cancellation of any reserves or charges and the propriety thereof (whether or not any obligation or liability for which such reserves or charges shall have been created shall have been paid or discharged); any interpretation or resolution of any ambiguity with respect to any provision of the Charter (including any of the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers or rights, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other Distributions, qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption of any shares of any class or series of Shares) or of the Bylaws; the fair value, or any sale, bid or asked price to be applied in determining the fair value, of any Asset owned or held by the Corporation or any Shares; the number of Shares of any class of the Corporation; any matter relating to the acquisition, holding and disposition of any Assets by the Corporation; any interpretation of the terms and conditions of one or more agreements with any Person; the application of any provision of the Charter in the case of any ambiguity, including, without limitation: (i) any provision of the definitions of any of the following: Affiliate, Independent Director and Sponsor, (ii) which amounts paid to the Advisor or its Affiliates are property-level expenses connected with the ownership of real estate interests, loans or other property, (iii) which expenses are excluded from the definition of Total Operating Expenses and (iv) whether expenses qualify as Organization and Offering Expenses; any conflict between the MGCL and the provisions set forth in the NASAA REIT Guidelines; or any other matter relating to the business and affairs of the Corporation or required or permitted by applicable law, the Charter or Bylaws or otherwise to be determined by the Board of Directors; provided, however, that any determination by the Board of Directors as to any of the preceding matters shall not render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination and no Director shall be liable for making or failing to make such a determination; and provided, further, that to the extent the Board determines that the MGCL conflicts with the provisions set forth in the NASAA REIT Guidelines, the NASAA REIT Guidelines control to the extent any provisions of the MGCL are not mandatory.
Section 7.10 REIT Qualification . If the Corporation elects to qualify for federal income tax treatment as a REIT, the Board of Directors shall use its reasonable best efforts to take such actions as are necessary or appropriate to preserve the status of the Corporation as a REIT; however, if the Board of Directors determines that it is no longer in the best interests of the Corporation to attempt to, or continue to qualify as a REIT, the Board of Directors may revoke or otherwise terminate the Corporations REIT election pursuant to Section 856(g) of the Code. The Board of Directors also may determine that compliance with any restriction or limitation on stock ownership and Transfers set forth in Article VI is no longer required for REIT qualification.
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Section 7.11 Removal of Directors . Subject to the rights of holders of one or more classes or series of Preferred Shares to elect or remove one or more Directors, any Director, or the entire Board of Directors, may be removed from office at any time, but only by the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of Directors.
Section 7.12 Board Action with Respect to Certain Matters . A majority of the Independent Directors must approve any Board action to which the following sections of the NASAA REIT Guidelines apply: II.A., II.C., II.F., II.G., IV.A., IV.B., IV.C., IV.D., IV.E., IV.F., IV.G., V.E., V.H., V.J., VI.A., VI.B.4, and VI.G.
ARTICLE VIII
ADVISOR
Section 8.1 Appointment and Initial Investment of Advisor . The Board is responsible for setting the general policies of the Corporation and for the general supervision of its business conducted by officers, agents, employees, advisors or independent contractors of the Corporation. However, the Board is not required personally to conduct the business of the Corporation, and it may (but need not) appoint, employ or contract with any Person (including a Person Affiliated with any Director) as an Advisor and may grant or delegate such authority to the Advisor as the Board may, in its sole discretion, deem necessary or desirable. The term of retention of any Advisor shall not exceed one year, although there is no limit to the number of times that a particular Advisor may be retained. The Advisor or its Affiliates have made an Initial Investment of $200,001 in the Corporation. The Advisor or any such Affiliate may not sell the Initial Investment while the Advisor or its Affiliate remains a Sponsor but may transfer the Initial Investment to other Affiliates.
Section 8.2 Supervision of Advisor . The Board shall review and evaluate the qualifications of the Advisor before entering into, and shall evaluate the performance of the Advisor before renewing, an Advisory Agreement, and the criteria used in such evaluation shall be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of the Board. The Board may exercise broad discretion in allowing the Advisor to administer and regulate the operations of the Corporation, to act as agent for the Corporation, to execute documents on behalf of the Corporation and to make executive decisions that conform to general policies and principles established by the Board. The Board shall monitor the Advisor to assure that the administrative procedures, operations and programs of the Corporation are in the best interests of the Stockholders and are fulfilled. The Independent Directors are responsible for reviewing the fees and expenses of the Corporation at least annually or with sufficient frequency to determine that the expenses incurred are reasonable in light of the investment performance of the Corporation, its Net Assets, its Net Income and the fees and expenses of other comparable unaffiliated REITs. Each such determination shall be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of the Board. The Independent Directors also will be responsible for reviewing, from time to time and at least annually, the
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performance of the Advisor and determining that compensation to be paid to the Advisor is reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of services performed and that such compensation is within the limits prescribed by the Charter. The Independent Directors shall also supervise the performance of the Advisor and the compensation paid to the Advisor by the Corporation in order to determine that the provisions of the Advisory Agreement are being carried out. Specifically, the Independent Directors will consider factors such as (a) the amount of the fee paid to the Advisor in relation to the size, composition and performance of the Assets, (b) the success of the Advisor in generating opportunities that meet the investment objectives of the Corporation, (c) rates charged to other REITs and to investors other than REITs by advisors performing the same or similar services, (d) additional revenues realized by the Advisor and its Affiliates through their relationship with the Corporation, including loan administration, underwriting or broker commissions, servicing, engineering, inspection and other fees, whether paid by the Corporation or by others with whom the Corporation does business, (e) the quality and extent of service and advice furnished by the Advisor, (f) the performance of the Assets, including income, conservation or appreciation of capital, frequency of problem investments and competence in dealing with distress situations, and (g) the quality of the Assets relative to the investments generated by the Advisor for its own account. The Independent Directors may also consider all other factors that they deem relevant, and the findings of the Independent Directors on each of the factors considered shall be recorded in the minutes of the Board. The Board shall determine whether any successor Advisor possesses sufficient qualifications to perform the advisory function for the Corporation and whether the compensation provided for in its contract with the Corporation is justified.
Section 8.3 Fiduciary Obligations . The Advisor shall have a fiduciary responsibility and duty to the Corporation and to the Stockholders.
Section 8.4 Affiliation and Functions . The Board, by resolution or in the Bylaws, may provide guidelines, provisions or requirements concerning the affiliation and functions of the Advisor.
Section 8.5 Termination . A majority of the Independent Directors may terminate the Advisory Agreement on 60 days written notice without cause or penalty, and, in such event, the Advisor will cooperate with the Corporation in making an orderly transition of the advisory function.
Section 8.6 Disposition Fee on Sale of Property . If the Advisor or a Director or Sponsor or any Affiliate thereof provides a substantial amount of services in an effort to sell one or more Properties, that Person may receive an amount up to three percent of the sales price of such Property or Properties; provided, however, that the amount paid when added to all other commissions paid to non-Affiliates in connection with such Sale shall not exceed the lesser of the Competitive Real Estate Commission or an amount equal to six percent of the sales price of such Property or Properties.
Section 8.7 Special Units .
(a) The Advisor or an Affiliate thereof has been issued Special Units constituting a separate series of partnership interests in the Operating Partnership. The holders of
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the Special Units will be entitled to distributions from the Operating Partnership in an amount equal to 15% of the distributions, including from sales, refinancing and other sources after the Stockholders, in the aggregate, have received or are deemed to have received cumulative distributions equal to 100% of their total Invested Capital, plus a 6% cumulative, non-compounded, annual pre-tax return thereon.
(b) The Special Units may be redeemed upon (i) a Listing, (ii) a merger, consolidation or sale of substantially all of the assets held directly or indirectly by the Company, or any similar transaction, (iii) any transaction pursuant to which a majority of the Directors then in office are replaced or removed which is not otherwise described in (ii) above, or (iv) non-renewal or a termination of the Advisory Agreement by the Company or by the Advisor with good reason and other than in connection with (i), (ii) and (iii) above. If the event triggering the redemption is: (i) above, the redemption price will be calculated based on the average share price of the Corporations Shares for a specified period; (ii) above, the redemption price will be based on the value of consideration received or to be received by the Corporation or its Stockholders on a per share basis; (iii) above, the redemption price will be based on the valuation of the Shares as determined by the Initial Public Offering price in such Offering; or (iv) above, the redemption price will be calculated based on an appraisal or valuation of the Corporations Assets.
Section 8.8 Organization and Offering Expenses Limitation . The Corporation shall reimburse the Advisor and its Affiliates for Organization and Offering Expenses incurred by the Advisor or its Affiliates; provided, however, that the total amount of all Organization and Offering Expenses shall be reasonable and shall in no event exceed 15% of the Gross Proceeds of each Offering.
Section 8.9 Acquisition Fees . The Corporation may pay the Advisor and its Affiliates fees for the review and evaluation of potential investments in Assets; provided, however, that the total of all Acquisition Fees and Acquisition Expenses shall be reasonable, and shall not exceed an amount equal to six percent of the Contract Purchase Price or, in the case of a Loan, six percent of the funds advanced; and provided, further, that a majority of the Directors (including a majority of the Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction may approve fees and expenses in excess of this limit if they determine the transaction to be commercially competitive, fair and reasonable to the Corporation.
Section 8.10 Reimbursement for Total Operating Expenses . The Corporation may reimburse the Advisor, at the end of each fiscal quarter, for Total Operating Expenses incurred by the Advisor; provided, however that the Corporation shall not reimburse the Advisor at the end of any fiscal quarter for Total Operating Expenses that, in the four consecutive fiscal quarters then ended, exceed the greater of two percent of Average Invested Assets or 25% of Net Income (the 2%/25% Guidelines) for such year. The Independent Directors shall have the responsibility of limiting Total Operating Expenses to amounts that do not exceed the 2%/25% Guidelines unless they have made a finding that, based on such unusual and non-recurring factors that they deem sufficient, a higher level of expenses (an Excess Amount) is justified. Within 60 days after the end of any fiscal quarter of the Corporation for which there is an Excess Amount which the Independent Directors conclude was justified and reimbursable to the Advisor, there shall be sent to the holders of Common Shares a written disclosure of such fact, together with an explanation of the factors the Independent Directors considered in determining
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that such Excess Amount was justified. Any such finding and the reasons in support thereof shall be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of the Board. In the event that the Independent Directors do not determine that excess expenses are justified, the Advisor shall reimburse the Corporation the amount by which the expenses exceeded the 2%/25% Guidelines.
Section 8.11 Reimbursement Limitation . The Corporation shall not reimburse the Advisor or its Affiliates for services for which the Advisor or its Affiliates are entitled to compensation in the form of a separate fee.
ARTICLE IX
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND LIMITATIONS
Section 9.1 Review of Investment Policies . The Independent Directors shall review the investment policies of the Corporation with sufficient frequency (and, upon Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, not less often than annually) to determine that the policies being followed by the Corporation are in the best interests of its Stockholders. Each such determination and the basis therefor shall be set forth in the minutes of the meetings of the Board.
Section 9.2 Certain Permitted Investments .
(a) The Corporation may invest in Assets.
(b) The Corporation may invest in Joint Ventures with the Sponsor, the Advisor, one or more Directors or any Affiliate, only if a majority of Directors (including a majority of Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction approve such investment as being fair and reasonable to the Corporation and on substantially the same terms and conditions as those received by the other joint venturers.
(c) Subject to any limitations in Section 9.3, the Corporation may invest in equity securities, provided that if such equity securities are not listed on a national securities exchange or traded in an over-the-counter market, such investment shall be permitted only if a majority of Directors (including a majority of Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction approve such investment as being fair, competitive and commercially reasonable.
Section 9.3 Investment Limitations . In addition to other investment restrictions imposed by the Board from time to time, consistent with the Corporations objective of qualifying as a REIT, the following shall apply to the Corporations investments:
(a) Not more than ten percent of the Corporations total assets shall be invested in Unimproved Real Property or mortgage loans on Unimproved Real Property.
(b) The Corporation shall not invest in commodities or commodity future contracts. This limitation is not intended to apply to futures contracts, when used solely for hedging purposes in connection with the Corporations ordinary business of investing in real estate assets and mortgages.
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(c) The Corporation shall not invest in or make any mortgage loans unless an appraisal is obtained concerning the underlying property except for those loans insured or guaranteed by a government or government agency. In cases in which a majority of Independent Directors so determine, and in all cases in which the transaction is with the Advisor, the Sponsor, any Director or any Affiliate thereof, such appraisal of the underlying property must be obtained from an Independent Appraiser. Such appraisal shall be maintained in the Corporations records for at least five years and shall be available for inspection and duplication by any holder of Common Shares for a reasonable charge. In addition to the appraisal, a mortgagees or owners title insurance policy or commitment as to the priority of the mortgage or condition of the title must be obtained.
(d) The Corporation shall not make or invest in any mortgage loan, including a construction loan, on any one property if the aggregate amount of all mortgage loans outstanding on the property, including the loans of the Corporation, would exceed an amount equal to 85% of the appraised value of the property as determined by appraisal unless substantial justification exists because of the presence of other underwriting criteria. For purposes of this subsection, the aggregate amount of all mortgage loans outstanding on the property, including the loans of the Corporation shall include all interest (excluding contingent participation in income and/or appreciation in value of the mortgaged property), the current payment of which may be deferred pursuant to the terms of such loans, to the extent that deferred interest on each loan exceeds five percent per annum of the principal balance of the loan.
(e) The Corporation shall not invest in indebtedness or make loans secured by a mortgage on Real Property which is subordinate to the lien or other indebtedness of the Advisor, any Director, the Sponsor or any Affiliate of the Corporation.
(f) The Corporation shall not issue (i) equity Securities redeemable solely at the option of the holder (except that Stockholders may offer their Common Shares to the Corporation pursuant to any repurchase plan adopted by the Board on terms outlined in the Prospectus relating to any Offering, as such plan is thereafter amended in accordance with its terms); (ii) debt Securities unless the historical debt service coverage (in the most recently completed fiscal year) as adjusted for known changes is sufficient to properly service that higher level of debt, as determined by the Board of Directors or a duly authorized officer of the Corporation; (iii) equity Securities on a deferred payment basis or under similar arrangements; or (iv) options or warrants to the Advisor, the Directors, the Sponsor or any Affiliate thereof except on the same terms as such options or warrants, if any, are sold to the general public. Options or warrants may be issued to Persons other than the Advisor, the Directors, the Sponsor or any Affiliate thereof, but not at exercise prices less than the fair market value of the underlying Securities on the date of grant and not for consideration (which may include services) that in the judgment of the Independent Directors has a market value less than the value of such option or warrant on the date of grant. Options or warrants issuable to the Advisor, the Directors, the Sponsor or any Affiliate thereof shall not exceed ten percent of the outstanding Shares on the date of grant. The voting rights per Share (other than any publicly held Share) sold in a private offering shall not exceed the voting rights which bear the same relationship to the voting rights of a publicly held Share as the consideration paid to the Corporation for each privately offered Share bears to the book value of each outstanding publicly held Share.
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(g) A majority of the Directors or of the members of a duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors shall authorize the consideration to be paid for Real Property, ordinarily based on the fair market value of the Real Property. If a majority of the Independent Directors on the Board of Directors or such duly authorized committee determine, or if the Real Property is acquired from the Advisor, a Director, the Sponsor or their Affiliates, such fair market value shall be determined by a qualified Independent Appraiser selected by such Independent Directors.
(h) The aggregate Leverage shall be reasonable in relation to the Net Assets and shall be reviewed by the Board at least quarterly. The maximum amount of such Leverage in relation to Net Assets shall not exceed 300%. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Leverage may exceed such limit if any excess in borrowing over such level is approved by a majority of the Independent Directors. Any such excess borrowing shall be disclosed to Stockholders in the next quarterly report of the Corporation following such borrowing, along with justification for such excess.
(i) The Corporation will continually review its investment activity to attempt to ensure that it is not classified as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(j) The Corporation will not make any investment that the Corporation believes will be inconsistent with its objectives of qualifying and remaining qualified as a REIT unless and until the Board determines, in its sole discretion, that REIT qualification is not in the best interests of the Corporation.
(k) The Corporation shall not invest in real estate contracts of sale unless such contracts of sale are in recordable form and appropriately recorded in the chain of title.
(l) The Corporation shall not invest in the securities of any entity holding investments in and engaging in activities prohibited by this Charter.
ARTICLE X
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Section 10.1 Sales and Leases to the Corporation . The Corporation may purchase or lease an Asset or Assets from the Sponsor, the Advisor, a Director or any Affiliate thereof upon a finding by a majority of Directors (including a majority of Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction that such transaction is fair and reasonable to the Corporation and at a price to the Corporation no greater than the cost of the Asset to such Sponsor, Advisor, Director or Affiliate or, if the price to the Corporation is in excess of such cost, that substantial justification for such excess exists and such excess is reasonable. In no event shall the purchase price paid by the Corporation for any such Asset exceed the Assets current appraised value.
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Section 10.2 Sales and Leases to the Sponsor, Advisor, Directors or Affiliates . The Advisor, the Sponsor, a Director or any Affiliate thereof may purchase or lease Assets from the Corporation if a majority of Directors (including a majority of Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction determine that the transaction is fair and reasonable to the Corporation.
Section 10.3 Other Transactions .
(a) The Corporation shall not make loans to the Sponsor, the Advisor, a Director or any Affiliate thereof except loans pursuant to Section 9.3(c) hereof or loans to wholly owned subsidiaries of the Corporation. The Corporation may not borrow money from the Sponsor, the Advisor, a Director or any Affiliate thereof, unless approved by a majority of the Directors (including a majority of the Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in such transaction as fair, competitive, and commercially reasonable, and no less favorable to the Corporation than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties under the same circumstances.
(b) The Corporation shall not engage in any other transaction with the Sponsor, the Advisor, a Director or any Affiliate thereof unless a majority of the Directors (including a majority of the Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in such transaction approve such transaction as fair and reasonable to the Corporation and on terms and conditions no less favorable to the Corporation than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
ARTICLE XI
STOCKHOLDERS
Section 11.1 Meetings . The Directors, including the Independent Directors, shall take reasonable steps to insure that there shall be an annual meeting of the Stockholders, to be held on such date and at such time and place as shall be determined by or in the manner prescribed in the Bylaws, at which the Directors shall be elected and any other proper business may be conducted; provided that such annual meeting will be held upon reasonable notice and within a reasonable period (not less than 30 days) following delivery of the annual report. The holders of a majority of Shares entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at an annual meeting at which a quorum is present, may, without the necessity for concurrence by the Board, vote to elect the Directors. A quorum shall be the presence in person or by proxy of Stockholders entitled to cast at least 50% of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting on any matter. Special meetings of Stockholders may be called in the manner provided in the Bylaws, including by the chief executive officer, the president or the chairman of the board or by a majority of the Directors or a majority of the Independent Directors, and shall be called by the secretary of the Corporation to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of Stockholders upon the written request of the Stockholders entitled to cast not less than ten percent of all the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at such meeting. Notice of any special meeting of Stockholders shall be given as provided in the Bylaws. If the meeting is called by the secretary upon the written request of Stockholders as described in this Section 11.1, notice of the special meeting shall be sent to all Stockholders within ten days of the receipt of the written request and the special meeting shall be held at the time and place specified in the Stockholder request not less than 15 days nor more than 60 days after the delivery of the notice; provided,
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however, that if no time or place is so specified in the Stockholder request, at such time and place convenient to the Stockholders. If there are no Directors, the officers of the Corporation shall promptly call a special meeting of the Stockholders entitled to vote for the election of successor Directors. Any meeting may be adjourned and reconvened as the Board may determine or as otherwise provided in the Bylaws.
Section 11.2 Voting Rights of Stockholders . Subject to the provisions of any class or series of Shares then outstanding and the mandatory provisions of any applicable laws or regulations, the Stockholders shall be entitled to vote only on the following matters: (a) election or removal of Directors, without the necessity for concurrence by the Board, as provided in Sections 11.1, 7.4 and 7.11 hereof; (b) amendment of the Charter as provided in Article XIII hereof; (c) dissolution of the Corporation; (d) merger, conversion or consolidation of the Corporation into another entity, or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Corporations assets; and (e) such other matters with respect to which the Board of Directors has adopted a resolution declaring that a proposed action is advisable and directing that the matter be submitted to the Stockholders for approval or ratification. Without the approval of a majority of the Shares entitled to vote on the matter, the Board may not (i) amend the Charter to adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of the Stockholders; (ii) amend provisions of the Charter relating to Director qualifications, fiduciary duties, liability and indemnification, conflicts of interest, investment policies or investment restrictions; (iii) liquidate or dissolve the Corporation other than before the initial investment in Property; (iv) sell all or substantially all of the Corporations assets other than in the ordinary course of business or as otherwise permitted by law; or (v) cause the merger or similar reorganization of the Corporation except as permitted by law.
Section 11.3 Voting Limitations on Shares Held by the Advisor, Directors and Affiliates . With respect to Shares owned by the Advisor, any Director or any of their Affiliates, neither the Advisor, nor such Director, nor any of their Affiliates may vote or consent on matters submitted to the Stockholders regarding the removal of the Advisor, such Director or any of their Affiliates or any transaction between the Corporation and any of them. In determining the requisite percentage in interest of Shares necessary to approve a matter on which the Advisor, such Director and any of their Affiliates may not vote or consent, any Shares owned by any of them shall not be included.
Section 11.4 Right of Inspection . Any Stockholder and any designated representative thereof shall be permitted access to the records of the Corporation to which it is entitled under applicable law at all reasonable times, and may inspect and copy any of them for a reasonable charge. Inspection of the Corporations books and records by the office or agency administering the securities laws of a jurisdiction shall be provided upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours.
Section 11.5 Access to Stockholder List . An alphabetical list of the names, addresses and telephone numbers of the Stockholders, along with the number of Shares held by each of them (the Stockholder List), shall be maintained as part of the books and records of the Corporation and shall be available for inspection by any Stockholder or the Stockholders designated agent at the home office of the Corporation upon the request of the Stockholder. The Stockholder List shall be updated at least quarterly to reflect changes in the information
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contained therein. A copy of the Stockholder List shall be mailed to any Stockholder so requesting within ten days of receipt by the Corporation of the request. The copy of the Stockholder List shall be printed in alphabetical order, on white paper, and in a readily readable type size (in no event smaller than ten-point type). The Corporation may impose a reasonable charge for expenses incurred in reproduction pursuant to the Stockholder request. A Stockholder may request a copy of the Stockholder List in connection with matters relating to Stockholders voting rights and the exercise of Stockholder rights under federal proxy laws.
If the Advisor or the Board neglects or refuses to exhibit, produce or mail a copy of the Stockholder List as requested, the Advisor and/or the Board, as the case may be, shall be liable to any Stockholder requesting the Stockholder List for the costs, including reasonable attorneys fees, incurred by that Stockholder for compelling the production of the Stockholder List, and for actual damages suffered by any Stockholder by reason of such refusal or neglect. It shall be a defense that the actual purpose and reason for the requests for inspection or for a copy of the Stockholder List is to secure the Stockholder List or other information for the purpose of selling the Stockholder List or copies thereof, or of using the same for a commercial purpose other than in the interest of the applicant as a Stockholder relative to the affairs of the Corporation. The Corporation may require the Stockholder requesting the Stockholder List to represent that the Stockholder List is not requested for a commercial purpose unrelated to the Stockholders interest in the Corporation. The remedies provided hereunder to Stockholders requesting copies of the Stockholder List are in addition to, and shall not in any way limit, other remedies available to Stockholders under federal law or the laws of any state.
Section 11.6 Reports . For each fiscal year after the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the Directors, including the Independent Directors, shall take reasonable steps to insure that the Corporation shall cause to be prepared and mailed or delivered to each Stockholder as of a record date after the end of the fiscal year, within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which it relates, an annual report that shall include: (a) financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles which are audited and reported on by independent certified public accountants; (b) the ratio of the costs of raising capital during the period to the capital raised; (c) the aggregate amount of advisory fees and the aggregate amount of other fees paid to the Advisor and any Affiliate of the Advisor by the Corporation and including fees or charges paid to the Advisor and any Affiliate of the Advisor by third parties doing business with the Corporation; (d) the Total Operating Expenses of the Corporation, stated as a percentage of Average Invested Assets and as a percentage of its Net Income; (e) a report from the Independent Directors that the policies being followed by the Corporation are in the best interests of its Stockholders and the basis for such determination; and (f) separately stated, full disclosure of all material terms, factors and circumstances surrounding any and all transactions involving the Corporation, the Directors, the Advisors, the Sponsors and any Affiliate thereof occurring in the year for which the annual report is made, and the Independent Directors shall be specifically charged with a duty to examine and comment in the report on the fairness of such transactions.
Section 11.7 Tender Offers . If any Person makes a tender offer, including, without limitation, a mini-tender offer, such Person must comply with all of the provisions set forth in Regulation 14D of the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, disclosure and notice requirements, that would be applicable if the tender offer was for more than five percent of the
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outstanding Shares; provided, however, that, unless otherwise required by the Exchange Act, such documents are not required to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, any such Person must provide notice to the Corporation at least ten business days prior to initiating any such tender offer. No Stockholder may Transfer any Shares held by such Stockholder to any Person who initiates a tender offer without complying with the provisions set forth above (a Non-Compliant Tender Offer) unless such Stockholder shall have first offered such Shares to the Corporation at the tender offer price offered in such Non-Compliant Tender Offer. In addition, any Person who makes a Non-Compliant Tender Offer shall be responsible for all expenses incurred by the Corporation in connection with the enforcement of the provisions of this Section 11.7, including, without limitation, expenses incurred in connection with the review of all documents related to such tender offer. In addition to the remedies provided herein, the Corporation may seek injunctive relief, including, without limitation, a temporary or permanent restraining order, in connection with any Non-Compliant Tender Offer. This Section 11.7 shall be of no force or effect with respect to any Shares that are then Listed.
ARTICLE XII
LIABILITY LIMITATION AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 12.1 Limitation of Stockholder Liability . No Stockholder shall be liable for any debt, claim, demand, judgment or obligation of any kind of, against or with respect to the Corporation by reason of his being a Stockholder, nor shall any Stockholder be subject to any personal liability whatsoever, in tort, contract or otherwise, to any Person in connection with the Assets or the affairs of the Corporation by reason of his being a Stockholder.
Section 12.2 Limitation of Director and Officer Liability .
(a) Subject to any limitations set forth under Maryland law or in paragraph (b), no Director or officer of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or its Stockholders for money damages. Neither the amendment nor repeal of this Section 12.2(a), nor the adoption or amendment of any other provision of the Charter or Bylaws inconsistent with this Section 12.2(a), shall apply to or affect in any respect the applicability of the preceding sentence with respect to any act or failure to act which occurred prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption.
(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in paragraph (a) above, the Corporation shall not provide that a Director, the Advisor or any Affiliate of the Advisor (the Indemnitee) be held harmless for any loss or liability suffered by the Corporation, unless all of the following conditions are met:
(i) The Indemnitee has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interests of the Corporation.
(ii) The Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Corporation.
(iii) Such liability or loss was not the result of (A) negligence or misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is a Director (other than an Independent Director), the Advisor or an Affiliate of the Advisor or (B) gross negligence or willful misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is an Independent Director.
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(iv) Such agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of Net Assets and not from the Stockholders.
Section 12.3 Indemnification .
(a) Subject to any limitations set forth under Maryland law or in paragraph (b) or (c) below, the Corporation shall indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to (i) any individual who is a present or former Director or officer of the Corporation and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity, (ii) any individual who, while a Director or officer of the Corporation and at the request of the Corporation, serves or has served as a director, officer, partner, member, manager or trustee of another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity or (iii) the Advisor or any of its Affiliates acting as an agent of the Corporation. The rights to indemnification and advance of expenses provided to a Director or officer hereby shall vest immediately upon election of such Director or officer. The Corporation may, with the approval of the Board of Directors or any duly authorized committee thereof, provide such indemnification and advance for expenses to a Person who served a predecessor of the Corporation in any of the capacities described in (i) or (ii) above and to any employee or agent of the Corporation or a predecessor of the Corporation. The Board may take such action as is necessary to carry out this Section 12.3(a). No amendment of the Charter or repeal of any of its provisions shall limit or eliminate the right of indemnification provided hereunder with respect to acts or omissions occurring prior to such amendment or repeal.
(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in paragraph (a) above, the Corporation shall not provide for indemnification of an Indemnitee for any liability or loss suffered by such Indemnitee, unless all of the following conditions are met:
(i) The Indemnitee has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interests of the Corporation.
(ii) The Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Corporation.
(iii) Such liability or loss was not the result of (A) negligence or misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is a Director (other than an Independent Director), the Advisor or an Affiliate of the Advisor or (B) gross negligence or willful misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is an Independent Director.
(iv) Such indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of Net Assets and not from the Stockholders.
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(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in paragraph (a) above, the Corporation shall not provide indemnification to an Indemnitee for any loss, liability or expense arising from or out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws by such party unless one or more of the following conditions are met: (i) there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged material securities law violations as to the Indemnitee; (ii) such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as to the Indemnitee; or (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the Indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the Securities and Exchange Commission and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which Securities were offered or sold as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.
Section 12.4 Payment of Expenses . The Corporation may pay or reimburse reasonable legal expenses and other costs incurred by an Indemnitee in advance of final disposition of a proceeding only if all of the following are satisfied: (a) the proceeding relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of the Corporation, (b) the Indemnitee provides the Corporation with written affirmation of the Indemnitees good faith belief that the Indemnitee has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the Corporation as authorized by Section 12.3 hereof, (c) the legal proceeding was initiated by a third party who is not a Stockholder or, if by a Stockholder of the Corporation acting in his or her capacity as such, a court of competent jurisdiction approves such advancement, and (d) the Indemnitee provides the Corporation with a written agreement to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the Corporation, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined that the Indemnitee did not comply with the requisite standard of conduct and is not entitled to indemnification.
Section 12.5 Express Exculpatory Clauses in Instruments . Neither the Stockholders nor the Directors, officers, employees or agents of the Corporation shall be liable under any written instrument creating an obligation of the Corporation by reason of their being Stockholders, Directors, officers, employees or agents of the Corporation, and all Persons shall look solely to the Corporations assets for the payment of any claim under or for the performance of that instrument. The omission of the foregoing exculpatory language from any instrument shall not affect the validity or enforceability of such instrument and shall not render any Stockholder, Director, officer, employee or agent liable thereunder to any third party, nor shall the Directors or any officer, employee or agent of the Corporation be liable to anyone as a result of such omission.
ARTICLE XIII
AMENDMENTS
The Corporation reserves the right from time to time to make any amendment to the Charter, now or hereafter authorized by law, including any amendment altering the terms or contract rights, as expressly set forth in the Charter, of any Shares. All rights and powers conferred by the Charter on Stockholders, Directors and officers are granted subject to this reservation. Except for those amendments permitted to be made without Stockholder approval
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under Maryland law or by specific provision in the Charter, any amendment to the Charter shall be valid only if approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes entitled to be cast on the matter, including without limitation, (a) any amendment which would adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of the Stockholders and (b) any amendment to Sections 7.2, 7.5 and 7.11 of Article VII, Article IX, Article X, Article XII and Article XIV hereof and this Article XIII (or any other amendment of the Charter that would have the effect of amending such sections).
ARTICLE XIV
ROLL-UP TRANSACTIONS
In connection with any proposed Roll-Up Transaction, an appraisal of all of the Corporations assets shall be obtained from a competent Independent Appraiser. If the appraisal will be included in a prospectus used to offer the securities of a Roll-Up Entity, the appraisal shall be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the states as an exhibit to the registration statement for the offering. The Corporations assets shall be appraised on a consistent basis, and the appraisal shall be based on the evaluation of all relevant information and shall indicate the value of the assets as of a date immediately prior to the announcement of the proposed Roll-Up Transaction. The appraisal shall assume an orderly liquidation of the assets over a twelve-month period. The terms of the engagement of the Independent Appraiser shall clearly state that the engagement is for the benefit of the Corporation and the Stockholders. A summary of the appraisal, indicating all material assumptions underlying the appraisal, shall be included in a report to Stockholders in connection with a proposed Roll-Up Transaction. In connection with a proposed Roll-Up Transaction, the Person sponsoring the Roll-Up Transaction shall offer to holders of Common Shares who vote against the proposed Roll-Up Transaction the choice of:
(a) accepting the securities of a Roll-Up Entity offered in the proposed Roll-Up Transaction; or
(b) one of the following:
(i) remaining as Stockholders and preserving their interests therein on the same terms and conditions as existed previously; or
(ii) receiving cash in an amount equal to the Stockholders pro rata share of the appraised value of the Net Assets.
The Corporation is prohibited from participating in any proposed Roll-Up Transaction:
(a) that would result in the holders of Common Shares having democracy rights in a Roll-Up Entity that are less than the rights provided for in Sections 11.1, 11.2, 11.6 and 12.1 hereof;
(b) that includes provisions that would operate as a material impediment to, or frustration of, the accumulation of Shares by any purchaser of the securities of
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the Roll-Up Entity (except to the minimum extent necessary to preserve the tax status of the Roll-Up Entity), or which would limit the ability of an investor to exercise the voting rights of its securities of the Roll-Up Entity on the basis of the number of Shares held by that investor;
(c) in which investors rights to access of records of the Roll-Up Entity will be less than those described in Sections 11.4 and 11.5 hereof; or
(d) in which any of the costs of the Roll-Up Transaction would be borne by the Corporation if the Roll-Up Transaction is rejected by the holders of Common Shares.
THIRD : The amendment and restatement of the charter of the Corporation as hereinabove set forth has been duly advised by the Board of Directors and approved by the stockholders of the Corporation as required by law.
FOURTH : The current address of the principal office of the Corporation is as set forth in Article III of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.
FIFTH : The name and address of the Corporations current resident agent is as set forth in Article III of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.
SIXTH : The number of directors of the Corporation and the names of those currently in office are as set forth in Article VII of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.
SEVENTH: The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation had authority to issue immediately prior to the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter of the Corporation was 300,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, all of which were classified as Class A Common Stock. The aggregate par value of all shares of stock having par value was $3,000.
EIGHTH : The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation has authority to issue pursuant to the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter of the Corporation is 450,000,000, consisting of 400,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of which 160,000,000 are classified as Class A Common Stock, 200,000,000 are classified as Class T Common Stock and 40,000,000 are classified as Class I Common Stock, and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. The aggregate par value of all authorized shares of stock having par value is $4,500,000.
NINTH : The undersigned acknowledges these Articles of Amendment and Restatement to be the corporate act of the Corporation and as to all matters or facts required to be verified under oath, the undersigned acknowledges that to the best of his knowledge, information and belief, these matters and facts are true in all material respects and that this statement is made under the penalties for perjury.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused these Articles of Amendment and Restatement to be signed in its name and on its behalf by its Chief Executive Officer and attested to by its Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer on this day of , 2016.
ATTEST: | RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST, | |||||||||
INC. | ||||||||||
|
|
(SEAL) | ||||||||
Name: | Steve Bisgay | Name: | Michael Lehrman | |||||||
Title: | Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer | Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
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Exhibit 3.2
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
FORM OF AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1. PRINCIPAL OFFICE . The principal office of the Corporation in the State of Maryland shall be located at such place as the Board of Directors may designate.
Section 2. ADDITIONAL OFFICES . The Corporation may have additional offices, including a principal executive office, at such places as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
Section 1. PLACE . All meetings of stockholders shall be held at the principal executive office of the Corporation or at such other place as shall be set in accordance with these Bylaws and stated in the notice of the meeting.
Section 2. ANNUAL MEETING . An annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors and the transaction of any business within the powers of the Corporation shall be held on the date and at the time and place set by the Board of Directors, beginning in the year 2017.
Section 3. SPECIAL MEETINGS . The president, the chief executive officer, the chairman of the board, a majority of the Board of Directors or a majority of the Independent Directors (as defined in the charter of the Corporation (the Charter)) may call a special meeting of the stockholders. Any such special meeting of stockholders shall be held on the date and at the time and place set by the president, the chief executive officer, the chairman of the board, the Board of Directors or the Independent Directors, whoever has called the meeting. A special meeting of stockholders shall also be called by the secretary of the Corporation to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of stockholders upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast not less than ten percent of all the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at such meeting. The written request must state the purpose of such meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on at such meeting. Within ten days after receipt of such written request, either in person or by mail, the secretary of the Corporation shall provide all stockholders with written notice, either in person or by mail, of such meeting and the purpose of such meeting. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, such meeting shall be held not less than 15 days nor more than 60 days after the secretarys delivery of such notice. Subject to the foregoing sentence, such meeting shall be held at the time and place specified in the stockholder request; provided, however, that if none is so specified, such meeting shall be held at a time and place convenient to the stockholders.
Section 4. NOTICE . Except as provided otherwise in Section 3 of this Article II, not less than ten nor more than 90 days before each meeting of stockholders, the secretary shall give to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting and to each stockholder not entitled to vote who is entitled to notice of the meeting notice in writing or by electronic transmission stating the time and place of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting or as otherwise may be required by any applicable statute, the purpose for which the meeting is called, by mail, electronic mail or other electronic means, by presenting it to such stockholder personally, by leaving it at the stockholders residence or usual place of business or by any other means permitted by Maryland law. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail addressed to the stockholder at the stockholders address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage thereon prepaid. If transmitted electronically, such notice shall be deemed to be given when transmitted to the stockholder by an electronic transmission to any address or number of the stockholder at which the stockholder receives electronic transmissions. The Corporation may give a single notice to all stockholders who share an address, which single notice shall be effective as to any stockholder at such address, unless such stockholder objects in writing to receiving such single notice or revokes in writing a prior consent to receiving such single notice. Failure to give notice of any meeting to one or more stockholders, or any irregularity in such notice, shall not affect the validity of any meeting fixed in accordance with this Article II or the validity of any proceedings at any such meeting.
Subject to Section 11(a) of this Article II, any business of the Corporation may be transacted at an annual meeting of stockholders without being specifically designated in the notice, except such business as is required by any statute to be stated in such notice. No business shall be transacted at a special meeting of stockholders except as specifically designated in the notice. The Corporation may postpone or cancel a meeting of stockholders by making a public announcement (as defined in Section 11(c)(3) of this Article II) of such postponement or cancellation prior to the meeting. Notice of the date, time and place to which the meeting is postponed shall be given not less than ten days prior to such date and otherwise in the manner set forth in this Section 4.
Section 5. ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT . Every meeting of stockholders shall be conducted by an individual appointed by the Board of Directors to be chairman of the meeting or, in the absence of such appointment or appointed individual, by the chairman of the board or, in the case of a vacancy in the office or absence of the chairman of the board, by one of the following officers present at the meeting in the following order: the vice chairman of the board, if there is one, the chief executive officer, the president, the vice presidents in their order of rank and within each rank, in their order of seniority, the secretary or, in the absence of such officers, a chairman chosen by the stockholders by the vote of a majority of the votes cast by stockholders present in person or by proxy. The secretary or, in the secretarys absence, an assistant secretary or, in the absence of both the secretary and assistant secretaries, an individual appointed by the Board of Directors or, in the absence of such appointment, an individual appointed by the chairman of the meeting shall act as secretary. In the event that the secretary presides at a meeting of the stockholders, an assistant secretary or, in the absence of all assistant secretaries, an individual appointed by the Board of Directors or the chairman of the meeting shall record the minutes of the meeting. The order of business and all other matters of procedure at any meeting of stockholders shall be determined by the chairman of
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the meeting. The chairman of the meeting may prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and take such action as, in the discretion of the chairman and without any action by the stockholders, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting, including, without limitation, (a) restricting admission to the time set for the commencement of the meeting; (b) limiting attendance at the meeting to stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized proxies and such other individuals as the chairman of the meeting may determine; (c) limiting participation at the meeting on any matter to stockholders of record of the Corporation entitled to vote on such matter, their duly authorized proxies and other such individuals as the chairman of the meeting may determine; (d) limiting the time allotted to questions or comments; (e) determining when and for how long the polls should be opened and when the polls should be closed; (f) maintaining order and security at the meeting; (g) removing any stockholder or any other individual who refuses to comply with meeting procedures, rules or guidelines as set forth by the chairman of the meeting; (h) concluding a meeting or recessing or adjourning the meeting to a later date and time and at a place announced at the meeting; and (i) complying with any state and local laws and regulations concerning safety and security. Unless otherwise determined by the chairman of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.
Section 6. QUORUM . At any meeting of stockholders, the presence in person or by proxy of stockholders entitled to cast at least 50% of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting on any matter shall constitute a quorum; but this section shall not affect any requirement under any statute or the Charter for the vote necessary for the approval of any matter. If such quorum is not established at any meeting of the stockholders, the chairman of the meeting may adjourn the meeting sine die or from time to time to a date not more than 120 days after the original record date without notice other than announcement at the meeting. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally convened.
The stockholders present either in person or by proxy, at a meeting which has been duly called and at which a quorum has been established, may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal from the meeting of enough stockholders to leave fewer than would be required to establish a quorum.
Section 7. VOTING . The holders of a majority of the shares of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at an annual meeting at which a quorum is present may, without the necessity for concurrence by the Board of Directors, vote to elect a director. Each share may be voted for as many individuals as there are directors to be elected and for whose election the share is entitled to be voted. A majority of the votes cast at a meeting of stockholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to approve any other matter which may properly come before the meeting, unless more than a majority of the votes cast is required by statute or by the Charter. Unless otherwise provided by statute or by the Charter, each outstanding share of stock, regardless of class, shall be entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of stockholders. Voting on any question or in any election may be viva voce unless the chairman of the meeting shall order that voting be by ballot or otherwise.
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Section 8. PROXIES . A holder of record of shares of stock of the Corporation may cast votes in person or by proxy executed by the stockholder or by the stockholders duly authorized agent in any manner permitted by law. Such proxy or evidence of authorization of such proxy shall be filed with the secretary of the Corporation before or at the meeting. No proxy shall be valid more than eleven months after its date unless otherwise provided in the proxy.
Section 9. VOTING OF STOCK BY CERTAIN HOLDERS . Stock of the Corporation registered in the name of a corporation, partnership, trust, limited liability company or other entity, if entitled to be voted, may be voted by the president or a vice president, general partner, trustee or managing member thereof, as the case may be, or a proxy appointed by any of the foregoing individuals, unless some other person who has been appointed to vote such stock pursuant to a bylaw or a resolution of the governing body of such corporation or other entity or agreement of the partners of a partnership presents a certified copy of such bylaw, resolution or agreement, in which case such person may vote such stock. Any trustee or other fiduciary may vote stock registered in the name of such person in the capacity of trustee or fiduciary, either in person or by proxy.
Shares of stock of the Corporation directly or indirectly owned by it shall not be voted at any meeting and shall not be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares entitled to be voted at any given time, unless they are held by it in a fiduciary capacity, in which case they may be voted and shall be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares at any given time.
The Board of Directors may adopt by resolution a procedure by which a stockholder may certify in writing to the Corporation that any shares of stock registered in the name of the stockholder are held for the account of a specified person other than the stockholder. The resolution shall set forth the class of stockholders who may make the certification, the purpose for which the certification may be made, the form of certification and the information to be contained in it; if the certification is with respect to a record date, the time after the record date within which the certification must be received by the Corporation; and any other provisions with respect to the procedure which the Board of Directors considers necessary or desirable. On receipt by the secretary of the Corporation of such certification, the person specified in the certification shall be regarded as, for the purposes set forth in the certification, the holder of record of the specified stock in place of the stockholder who makes the certification.
Section 10. INSPECTORS . The Board of Directors or the chairman of the meeting may appoint, before or at the meeting, one or more inspectors for the meeting and any successor to the inspector. The inspectors, if any, shall (a) determine the number of shares of stock represented at the meeting, in person or by proxy, and the validity and effect of proxies, (b) receive and tabulate all votes, ballots or consents, (c) report such tabulation to the chairman of the meeting, (d) hear and determine all challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, and (e) do such acts as are proper to fairly conduct the election or vote. Each such report shall be in writing and signed by the inspector or by a majority of them if there is more than one inspector acting at such meeting. If there is more than one inspector, the report of a majority shall be the report of the inspectors. The report of the inspector or inspectors on the number of shares represented at the meeting and the results of the voting shall be prima facie evidence thereof.
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Section 11. ADVANCE NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDER NOMINEES FOR DIRECTOR AND OTHER STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS .
(a) Annual Meetings of Stockholders .
(1) Nominations of individuals for election to the Board of Directors and the proposal of other business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders (i) pursuant to the Corporations notice of meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (iii) by any stockholder of the Corporation who was a stockholder of record at the record date set by the Board of Directors for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting, at the time of giving of notice by the stockholder as provided for in this Section 11(a) and at the time of the annual meeting (and any postponement or adjournment thereof), who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated or on any such other business and who has complied with this Section 11(a).
(2) For any nomination or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (iii) of paragraph (a)(1) of this Section 11, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the secretary of the Corporation and any such other business must otherwise be a proper matter for action by the stockholders. To be timely, a stockholders notice shall set forth all information required under this Section 11 and shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not earlier than the 150 th day nor later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the 120 th day prior to the first anniversary of the date of the proxy statement (as defined in Section 11(c)(3) of this Article II) for the preceding years annual meeting; provided, however, that in connection with the Corporations first annual meeting or in the event that the date of the annual meeting is advanced or delayed by more than 30 days from the first anniversary of the date of the preceding years annual meeting, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the 150 th day prior to the date of such annual meeting and not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the later of the 120 th day prior to the date of such annual meeting, as originally convened, or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made. The public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of an annual meeting shall not commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholders notice as described above.
(3) Such stockholders notice shall set forth:
(i) as to each individual whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director (each, a Proposed Nominee), all information relating to the Proposed Nominee that would be required to be disclosed in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the election of the Proposed Nominee as a director in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or would otherwise be required in connection with such solicitation, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor provision) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), and the rules thereunder;
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(ii) as to any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a description of such business, the stockholders reasons for proposing such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person (as defined below), individually or in the aggregate, including any anticipated benefit to the stockholder or the Stockholder Associated Person therefrom;
(iii) as to the stockholder giving the notice, any Proposed Nominee and any Stockholder Associated Person,
(A) the class, series and number of all shares of stock or other securities of the Corporation (collectively, the Company Securities), if any, which are owned (beneficially or of record) by such stockholder, Proposed Nominee or Stockholder Associated Person and the date on which each such Company Security was acquired and the investment intent of such acquisition and
(B) the nominee holder for, and number of, any Company Securities owned beneficially but not of record by such stockholder, Proposed Nominee or Stockholder Associated Person;
(iv) as to the stockholder giving the notice, any Stockholder Associated Person with an interest or ownership referred to in clauses (ii) or (iii) of this paragraph (3) of this Section 11(a) and any Proposed Nominee,
(A) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Corporations stock ledger, and the current name and business address, if different, of each such Stockholder Associated Person and any Proposed Nominee and
(B) the investment strategy or objective, if any, of such stockholder and each such Stockholder Associated Person who is not an individual and a copy of the prospectus, offering memorandum or similar document, if any, provided to investors or potential investors in such stockholder and each such Stockholder Associated Person; and
(v) to the extent known by the stockholder giving the notice, the name and address of any other stockholder supporting the Proposed Nominee or the proposal of other business.
(4) Such stockholders notice shall, with respect to any Proposed Nominee, be accompanied by a written undertaking executed by the Proposed Nominee (i) that such Proposed Nominee (a) is not, and will not become a party to, any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed to the Corporation and (b) will serve as a director of the Corporation if elected; and (ii) attaching a completed Proposed Nominee questionnaire (which questionnaire shall be provided by the Corporation, upon request by the stockholder providing the notice, and shall include all information relating to the Proposed
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Nominee that would be required to be disclosed in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the election of the Proposed Nominee as a director in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or would otherwise be required in connection with such solicitation, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder, or would be required pursuant to the rules of any national securities exchange on which any securities of the Corporation are listed or over-the-counter market on which any securities of the Corporation are traded).
(5) Notwithstanding anything in this subsection (a) of this Section 11 to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors is increased, and there is no public announcement of such action at least 130 days prior to the first anniversary of the date of the proxy statement (as defined in Section 11(c)(3) of this Article II) for the preceding years annual meeting, a stockholders notice required by this Section 11(a) shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the tenth day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.
(6) For purposes of this Section 11, Stockholder Associated Person of any stockholder shall mean (i) any person acting in concert with such stockholder, (ii) any beneficial owner of shares of stock of the Corporation owned of record or beneficially by such stockholder (other than a stockholder that is a depositary) and (iii) any person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such stockholder or such Stockholder Associated Person.
(b) Special Meetings of Stockholders . Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporations notice of meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected only (i) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (ii) provided that the special meeting has been called in accordance with Section 3 of this Article II for the purpose of electing directors, by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the record date set by the Board of Directors for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to vote at the special meeting, at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 11 and at the time of the special meeting (and any postponement or adjournment thereof), who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated and who has complied with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 11. In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more individuals to the Board of Directors, any stockholder may nominate an individual or individuals (as the case may be) for election as a director as specified in the Corporations notice of meeting, if the stockholders notice, containing the information required by paragraph (a)(3) of this Section 11, is delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not earlier than the 120 th day prior to such special meeting and not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time on the later of the 90 th day prior to such special meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. The public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of a special meeting shall not commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholders notice as described above.
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(c) General .
(1) If information submitted pursuant to this Section 11 by any stockholder proposing a nominee for election as a director or any proposal for other business at a meeting of stockholders shall be inaccurate in any material respect, such information may be deemed not to have been provided in accordance with this Section 11. Any such stockholder shall notify the Corporation of any inaccuracy or change (within two business days of becoming aware of such inaccuracy or change) in any such information. Upon written request by the secretary or the Board of Directors, any such stockholder shall provide, within five business days of delivery of such request (or such other period as may be specified in such request), (i) written verification, satisfactory, in the discretion of the Board of Directors or any authorized officer of the Corporation, to demonstrate the accuracy of any information submitted by the stockholder pursuant to this Section 11 and (ii) a written update of any information (including, if requested by the Corporation, written confirmation by such stockholder that it continues to intend to bring such nomination or other business proposal before the meeting) submitted by the stockholder pursuant to this Section 11 as of an earlier date. If a stockholder fails to provide such written verification or written update within such period, the information as to which written verification or a written update was requested may be deemed not to have been provided in accordance with this Section 11.
(2) Only such individuals who are nominated in accordance with this Section 11 shall be eligible for election by stockholders as directors, and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with this Section 11. The chairman of the meeting shall have the power to determine whether a nomination or any other business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with this Section 11.
(3) For purposes of this Section 11, the date of the proxy statement shall have the same meaning as the date of the companys proxy statement released to shareholders as used in Rule 14a-8(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act, as interpreted by the Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time. Public announcement shall mean disclosure (i) in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press, Business Wire, PR Newswire or other widely circulated news or wire service or (ii) in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act.
(4) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 11, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of state law and of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 11. Nothing in this Section 11 shall be deemed to affect any right of a stockholder to request inclusion of a proposal in, or the right of the Corporation to omit a proposal from, the Corporations proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act. Nothing in this Section 11 shall require disclosure of revocable proxies received
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by the stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person pursuant to a solicitation of proxies after the filing of an effective Schedule 14A by such stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person under Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act.
Section 12. CONTROL SHARE ACQUISITION ACT . Notwithstanding any other provision of the Charter or these Bylaws, Title 3, Subtitle 7 of the Maryland General Corporation Law, or any successor statute (the MGCL), shall not apply to any acquisition by any person of shares of stock of the Corporation. This section may be repealed, in whole or in part, at any time, whether before or after an acquisition of control shares and, upon such repeal, may, to the extent provided by any successor bylaw, apply to any prior or subsequent control share acquisition.
ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS
Section 1. GENERAL POWERS . The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed under the direction of its Board of Directors.
Section 2. NUMBER, TENURE AND RESIGNATION . At any regular meeting or at any special meeting called for that purpose, a majority of the entire Board of Directors may establish, increase or decrease the number of directors, provided that the number thereof shall never be less than the minimum number required by the MGCL (or, upon the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering (as defined in the Charter), three), and further provided that the tenure of office of a director shall not be affected by any decrease in the number of directors. Any director of the Corporation may resign at any time by delivering his or her resignation to the Board of Directors, the chairman of the board or the secretary. Any resignation shall take effect immediately upon its receipt or at such later time specified in the resignation. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective unless otherwise stated in the resignation.
Section 3. ANNUAL AND REGULAR MEETINGS . An annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held immediately after and at the same place as the annual meeting of stockholders, no notice other than this Bylaw being necessary. In the event such meeting is not so held, the meeting may be held at such time and place as shall be specified in a notice given as hereinafter provided for special meetings of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may provide, by resolution, the time and place for the holding of regular meetings of the Board of Directors without other notice than such resolution.
Section 4. SPECIAL MEETINGS . Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by or at the request of the chairman of the board, the chief executive officer, the president or a majority of the directors then in office. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the Board of Directors may fix any place as the place for holding any special meeting of the Board of Directors called by them. The Board of Directors may provide, by resolution, the time and place for the holding of special meetings of the Board of Directors without other notice than such resolution.
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Section 5. NOTICE . Notice of any special meeting of the Board of Directors shall be delivered personally or by telephone, electronic mail, facsimile transmission, courier or United States mail to each director at his or her business or residence address. Notice by personal delivery, telephone, electronic mail or facsimile transmission shall be given at least 24 hours prior to the meeting. Notice by courier shall be given at least two days prior to the meeting. Notice by United States mail shall be given at least three business days prior to the meeting. Telephone notice shall be deemed to be given when the director or his or her agent is personally given such notice in a telephone call to which the director or his or her agent is a party. Electronic mail notice shall be deemed to be given upon transmission of the message to the electronic mail address given to the Corporation by the director. Facsimile transmission notice shall be deemed to be given upon completion of the transmission of the message to the number given to the Corporation by the director and receipt of a completed answer-back indicating receipt. Notice by courier shall be deemed to be given when deposited with or delivered to a courier properly addressed. Notice by United States mail shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail properly addressed, with postage thereon prepaid. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any annual, regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors need be stated in the notice, unless specifically required by statute or these Bylaws.
Section 6. QUORUM . A majority of the directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board of Directors, provided that, if less than a majority of such directors is present at such meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice, and provided further that if, pursuant to applicable law, the Charter or these Bylaws, the vote of a majority or other percentage of a specified group of directors is required for action, a quorum must also include a majority or such other percentage of such group.
The directors present at a meeting which has been duly called and at which a quorum has been established may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal from the meeting of enough directors to leave fewer than required to establish a quorum.
Section 7. VOTING . The action of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the action of the Board of Directors, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by applicable law, the Charter or these Bylaws. If enough directors have withdrawn from a meeting to leave fewer than required to establish a quorum but the meeting is not adjourned, the action of the majority of that number of directors necessary to constitute a quorum at such meeting shall be the action of the Board of Directors, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by applicable law, the Charter or these Bylaws.
Section 8. ORGANIZATION . At each meeting of the Board of Directors, the chairman of the board or, in the absence of the chairman, the vice chairman of the board, if any, shall act as chairman of the meeting. In the absence of both the chairman and vice chairman of the board, the chief executive officer or, in the absence of the chief executive officer, the president or, in the absence of the president, a director chosen by a majority of the directors
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present shall act as chairman of the meeting. The secretary or, in his or her absence, an assistant secretary of the Corporation or, in the absence of the secretary and all assistant secretaries, an individual appointed by the chairman of the meeting shall act as secretary of the meeting.
Section 9. TELEPHONE MEETINGS . Directors may participate in a meeting by means of a conference telephone or other communications equipment if all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time. Participation in a meeting by these means shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
Section 10. CONSENT BY DIRECTORS WITHOUT A MEETING . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting, if a consent in writing or by electronic transmission to such action is given by each director and is filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors.
Section 11. VACANCIES . If for any reason any or all of the directors cease to be directors, such event shall not terminate the Corporation or affect these Bylaws or the powers of the remaining directors hereunder. Until such time as the Corporation becomes subject to Section 3-804(c) of the MGCL, any vacancy on the Board of Directors for any cause other than an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority of the remaining directors, even if such majority is less than a quorum; any vacancy in the number of directors created by an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority vote of the entire Board of Directors; and any individual so elected as director shall serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is elected and qualifies. At such time as the Corporation becomes subject to Section 3-804(c) of the MGCL and except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms of any class or series of preferred stock, any vacancy on the Board of Directors may be filled only by a majority of the remaining directors, even if the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum, and any director elected to fill a vacancy shall serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred and until a successor is elected and qualifies. Independent Directors shall nominate replacements for vacancies among the Independent Directors positions.
Section 12. COMPENSATION . Directors shall not receive any stated salary for their services as directors but, by resolution of the Board of Directors, may receive compensation per year and/or per meeting and/or per visit to real property or other facilities owned or leased by the Corporation and for any service or activity they performed or engaged in as directors, including under an incentive plan approved by the Board of Directors. Directors may be reimbursed for expenses of attendance, if any, at each annual, regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof and for their expenses, if any, in connection with each property visit and any other service or activity they perform or engage in as directors; but nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any directors from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.
Section 13. RELIANCE . Each director and officer of the Corporation shall, in the performance of his or her duties with respect to the Corporation, be entitled to rely on any information, opinion, report or statement, including any financial statement or other financial data, prepared or presented by an officer or employee of the Corporation whom the director or
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officer reasonably believes to be reliable and competent in the matters presented, by a lawyer, certified public accountant or other person, as to a matter which the director or officer reasonably believes to be within the persons professional or expert competence, or, with respect to a director, by a committee of the Board of Directors on which the director does not serve, as to a matter within its designated authority, if the director reasonably believes the committee to merit confidence.
Section 14. CERTAIN RIGHTS OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS . A director, officer, employee or agent shall have no responsibility to devote his or her full time to the affairs of the Corporation. Any director, officer, employee or agent, in his or her personal capacity or in a capacity as an affiliate, employee, or agent of any other person, or otherwise, may have business interests and engage in business activities similar to, in addition to or in competition with those of or relating to the Corporation.
Section 15. RATIFICATION . The Board of Directors or the stockholders may ratify any action or inaction by the Corporation or its officers to the extent that the Board of Directors or the stockholders could have originally authorized the matter and, if so ratified, such action or inaction shall have the same force and effect as if originally duly authorized, and such ratification shall be binding upon the Corporation and its stockholders. Any action or inaction questioned in any proceeding on the ground of lack of authority, defective or irregular execution, adverse interest of a director, officer or stockholder, non-disclosure, miscomputation, the application of improper principles or practices of accounting, or otherwise, may be ratified, before or after judgment, by the Board of Directors or by the stockholders, and such ratification shall constitute a bar to any claim or execution of any judgment in respect of such questioned action or inaction.
Section 16. EMERGENCY PROVISIONS . Notwithstanding any other provision in the Charter or these Bylaws, this Section 16 shall apply during the existence of any catastrophe, or other similar emergency condition, as a result of which a quorum of the Board of Directors under Article III of these Bylaws cannot readily be obtained (an Emergency). During any Emergency, unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, (a) a meeting of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof may be called by any director or officer by any means feasible under the circumstances; (b) notice of any meeting of the Board of Directors during such an Emergency may be given less than 24 hours prior to the meeting to as many directors and by such means as may be feasible at the time, including publication, television or radio; and (c) the number of directors necessary to constitute a quorum shall be one-third of the entire Board of Directors.
ARTICLE IV
COMMITTEES
Section 1. NUMBER, TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS . The Board of Directors may appoint from among its members committees, composed of one or more directors, to serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. A majority of the members of each committee shall be Independent Directors. In the absence of any member of any such committee, the members thereof present at any meeting, whether or not they constitute a quorum, may appoint another director to act in the place of such absent member.
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Section 2. POWERS . The Board of Directors may delegate to committees appointed under Section 1 of this Article any of the powers of the Board of Directors, except as prohibited by law.
Section 3. MEETINGS . Notice of committee meetings shall be given in the same manner as notice for special meetings of the Board of Directors. A majority of the members of the committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the committee. The act of a majority of the committee members present at a meeting shall be the act of such committee. The Board of Directors may designate a chairman of any committee, and such chairman or, in the absence of a chairman, any two members of any committee (if there are at least two members of the committee) may fix the time and place of its meeting unless the Board shall otherwise provide.
Section 4. TELEPHONE MEETINGS . Members of a committee of the Board of Directors may participate in a meeting by means of a conference telephone or other communications equipment if all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time. Participation in a meeting by these means shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
Section 5. CONSENT BY COMMITTEES WITHOUT A MEETING . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of a committee of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting, if a consent in writing or by electronic transmission to such action is given by each member of the committee and is filed with the minutes of proceedings of such committee.
Section 6. VACANCIES . Subject to the provisions hereof, the Board of Directors shall have the power at any time to change the membership of any committee, to appoint the chair of any committee, to fill any vacancy, to designate an alternate member to replace any absent or disqualified member or to dissolve any such committee.
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
Section 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS . The officers of the Corporation shall include a president (or two or more co-presidents), a secretary and a treasurer and may include a chairman of the board, a vice chairman of the board, a chief executive officer, one or more vice presidents, a chief operating officer, a chief financial officer, one or more assistant secretaries and one or more assistant treasurers. In addition, the Board of Directors may from time to time elect such other officers with such powers and duties as it shall deem necessary or desirable. The officers of the Corporation shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors, except that the chief executive officer or president may from time to time appoint one or more vice presidents, assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers or other officers. Each officer shall serve until his or her successor is elected and qualifies or until his or her death, or his or her resignation or
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removal in the manner hereinafter provided. Any two or more offices except president and vice president may be held by the same person. Election of an officer or agent shall not of itself create contract rights between the Corporation and such officer or agent.
Section 2. REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION . Any officer or agent of the Corporation may be removed, with or without cause, by the Board of Directors if in its judgment the best interests of the Corporation would be served thereby, but such removal shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed. Any officer of the Corporation may resign at any time by delivering his or her resignation to the Board of Directors, the chairman of the board, the chief executive officer, the president or the secretary. Any resignation shall take effect immediately upon its receipt or at such later time specified in the resignation. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective unless otherwise stated in the resignation. Such resignation shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the Corporation.
Section 3. VACANCIES . A vacancy in any office may be filled by the Board of Directors for the balance of the term.
Section 4. CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD . The Board of Directors may designate from among its members a chairman of the board, who shall not, solely by reason of these Bylaws, be an officer of the Corporation. The Board of Directors may designate the chairman of the board as an executive or non-executive chairman. The chairman of the board shall preside over the meetings of the Board of Directors. The chairman of the board shall perform such other duties as may be assigned to him or her by these Bylaws or the Board of Directors.
Section 5. CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER . The Board of Directors may designate a chief executive officer. In the absence of such designation, the chairman of the board shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation. The chief executive officer shall have general responsibility for implementation of the policies of the Corporation, as determined by the Board of Directors, and for the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation. He or she may execute any deed, mortgage, bond, contract or other instrument, except in cases where the execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation or shall be required by law to be otherwise executed; and in general shall perform all duties incident to the office of chief executive officer and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.
Section 6. CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER . The Board of Directors may designate a chief operating officer. The chief operating officer shall have the responsibilities and duties as determined by the Board of Directors or the chief executive officer.
Section 7. CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER . The Board of Directors may designate a chief financial officer. The chief financial officer shall have the responsibilities and duties as determined by the Board of Directors or the chief executive officer.
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Section 8. PRESIDENT . In the absence of a chief executive officer, the president (or in the event there be two or more co-presidents, the co-presidents) shall in general supervise and control all of the business and affairs of the Corporation. In the absence of a designation of a chief operating officer by the Board of Directors, the president shall be the chief operating officer. He or she may execute any deed, mortgage, bond, contract or other instrument, except in cases where the execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation or shall be required by law to be otherwise executed; and in general shall perform all duties incident to the office of president and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.
Section 9. VICE PRESIDENTS . In the absence of the president or in the event of a vacancy in such office, the vice president (or in the event there be more than one vice president, the vice presidents in the order designated at the time of their election or, in the absence of any designation, then in the order of their election) shall perform the duties of the president and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the president; and shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to such vice president by the chief executive officer, the president or the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may designate one or more vice presidents as executive vice president, senior vice president, or vice president for particular areas of responsibility.
Section 10. SECRETARY . The secretary shall (a) keep the minutes of the proceedings of the stockholders, the Board of Directors and committees of the Board of Directors in one or more books provided for that purpose; (b) see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these Bylaws or as required by law; (c) be custodian of the corporate records and of the seal of the Corporation; (d) keep a register of the post office address of each stockholder which shall be furnished to the secretary by such stockholder; (e) have general charge of the stock transfer books of the Corporation; and (f) in general perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the chief executive officer, the president or the Board of Directors.
Section 11. TREASURER . The treasurer shall have the custody of the funds and securities of the Corporation, shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation, shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors and in general shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the chief executive officer, the president or the Board of Directors. In the absence of a designation of a chief financial officer by the Board of Directors, the treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of the Corporation.
The treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the president and Board of Directors, at the regular meetings of the Board of Directors or whenever it may so require, an account of all his or her transactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation.
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Section 12. ASSISTANT SECRETARIES AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS . The assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers, in general, shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to them by the secretary or treasurer, respectively, or by the chief executive officer, the president or the Board of Directors.
Section 13. COMPENSATION . The compensation of the officers shall be fixed from time to time by or under the authority of the Board of Directors and no officer shall be prevented from receiving such compensation by reason of the fact that he or she is also a director.
ARTICLE VI
CONTRACTS, CHECKS AND DEPOSITS
Section 1. CONTRACTS . The Board of Directors may authorize any officer or agent to enter into any contract or to execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Any agreement, deed, mortgage, lease or other document shall be valid and binding upon the Corporation when duly authorized or ratified by action of the Board of Directors and executed by an authorized person.
Section 2. CHECKS AND DRAFTS . All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or agent of the Corporation in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by the Board of Directors.
Section 3. DEPOSITS . All funds of the Corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited or invested from time to time to the credit of the Corporation as the Board of Directors, the chief executive officer, the president, the chief financial officer or any other officer designated by the Board of Directors may determine.
ARTICLE VII
STOCK
Section 1. CERTIFICATES . Except as may otherwise be provided by the Board of Directors, stockholders of the Corporation are not entitled to certificates representing the shares of stock held by them. In the event that the Corporation issues shares of stock represented by certificates, such certificates shall be in such form as prescribed by the Board of Directors or a duly authorized officer, shall contain the statements and information required by the MGCL and shall be signed by the officers of the Corporation in the manner permitted by the MGCL. In the event that the Corporation issues shares of stock without certificates, to the extent then required by the MGCL, the Corporation shall provide to the record holders of such shares a written statement of the information required by the MGCL to be included on stock certificates. There shall be no differences in the rights and obligations of stockholders based on whether or not their shares are represented by certificates.
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Section 2. TRANSFERS . All transfers of shares of stock shall be made on the books of the Corporation, by the holder of the shares, in person or by his or her attorney, in such manner as the Board of Directors or any officer of the Corporation may prescribe and, if such shares are certificated, upon surrender of certificates duly endorsed. The issuance of a new certificate upon the transfer of certificated shares is subject to the determination of the Board of Directors that such shares shall no longer be represented by certificates. Upon the transfer of any uncertificated shares, to the extent then required by the MGCL, the Corporation shall provide to the record holders of such shares a written statement of the information required by the MGCL to be included on stock certificates.
The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share of stock as the holder in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise expressly provided by the laws of the State of Maryland.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, transfers of shares of any class or series of stock will be subject in all respects to the Charter and all of the terms and conditions contained therein.
Section 3. REPLACEMENT CERTIFICATE . Any officer of the Corporation may direct a new certificate or certificates to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate to be lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated; provided, however, if such shares have ceased to be certificated, no new certificate shall be issued unless requested in writing by such stockholder and the Board of Directors has determined that such certificates may be issued. Unless otherwise determined by an officer of the Corporation, the owner of such lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated certificate or certificates, or his or her legal representative, shall be required, as a condition precedent to the issuance of a new certificate or certificates, to give the Corporation a bond in such sums as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation.
Section 4. FIXING OF RECORD DATE . The Board of Directors may set, in advance, a record date for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or determining stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or the allotment of any other rights, or in order to make a determination of stockholders for any other proper purpose. Such date, in any case, shall not be prior to the close of business on the day the record date is fixed and shall be not more than 90 days and, in the case of a meeting of stockholders, not less than ten days, before the date on which the meeting or particular action requiring such determination of stockholders of record is to be held or taken.
When a record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at any meeting of stockholders has been set as provided in this section, such record date shall continue to apply to the meeting if adjourned or postponed, except if the meeting is adjourned or postponed to a date more than 120 days after the record date originally fixed for the meeting, in which case a new record date for such meeting may be determined as set forth herein.
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Section 5. STOCK LEDGER . The Corporation shall maintain at its principal office or at the office of its counsel, accountants or transfer agent, an original or duplicate stock ledger containing the name and address of each stockholder and the number of shares of each class held by such stockholder.
Section 6. FRACTIONAL STOCK; ISSUANCE OF UNITS . The Board of Directors may authorize the Corporation to issue fractional stock or authorize the issuance of scrip, all on such terms and under such conditions as it may determine. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Charter or these Bylaws, the Board of Directors may authorize the issuance of units consisting of different securities of the Corporation. Any security issued in a unit shall have the same characteristics as any identical securities issued by the Corporation, except that the Board of Directors may provide that for a specified period securities of the Corporation issued in such unit may be transferred on the books of the Corporation only in such unit.
ARTICLE VIII
ACCOUNTING YEAR
The Board of Directors shall have the power, from time to time, to fix the fiscal year of the Corporation by a duly adopted resolution.
ARTICLE IX
DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 1. AUTHORIZATION . Dividends and other distributions upon the stock of the Corporation may be authorized by the Board of Directors and declared by the Corporation, subject to the provisions of law and the Charter. Dividends and other distributions may be paid in cash, property or stock of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of law and the Charter.
Section 2. CONTINGENCIES . Before payment of any dividends or other distributions, there may be set aside out of any assets of the Corporation available for dividends or other distributions such sum or sums as the Board of Directors may from time to time, in its absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve fund for contingencies, for equalizing dividends, for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation or for such other purpose as the Board of Directors shall determine, and the Board of Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve.
ARTICLE X
INVESTMENT POLICY
Subject to the provisions of the Charter, the Board of Directors may from time to time adopt, amend, revise or terminate any policy or policies with respect to investments by the Corporation as it shall deem appropriate in its sole discretion.
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ARTICLE XI
SEAL
Section 1. SEAL . The Board of Directors may authorize the adoption of a seal by the Corporation. The seal shall contain the name of the Corporation and the year of its incorporation and the words Incorporated Maryland. The Board of Directors may authorize one or more duplicate seals and provide for the custody thereof.
Section 2. AFFIXING SEAL . Whenever the Corporation is permitted or required to affix its seal to a document, it shall be sufficient to meet the requirements of any law, rule or regulation relating to a seal to place the word (SEAL) adjacent to the signature of the person authorized to execute the document on behalf of the Corporation.
ARTICLE XII
WAIVER OF NOTICE
Whenever any notice of a meeting is required to be given pursuant to the Charter or these Bylaws or pursuant to applicable law, a waiver thereof in writing or by electronic transmission, given by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice. Neither the business to be transacted at nor the purpose of any meeting need be set forth in the waiver of notice of such meeting, unless specifically required by statute. The attendance of any person at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where such person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting has not been lawfully called or convened.
ARTICLE XIII
AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS
The Board of Directors shall have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of these Bylaws and to make new Bylaws.
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Exhibit 10.2
FORM OF ADVISORY AGREEMENT
BY AND AMONG
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST, INC.,
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, LP,
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY ADVISORS, LLC
AND
CANTOR FITZGERALD INVESTORS, LLC
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS |
1 | |||||
ARTICLE 2 APPOINTMENT |
7 | |||||
ARTICLE 3 DUTIES OF THE ADVISOR |
8 | |||||
3.01 Offering Services |
8 | |||||
3.02 Acquisition Services |
9 | |||||
3.03 Asset Management Services |
9 | |||||
3.04 Accounting and Other Administrative Services |
10 | |||||
3.05 Stockholder Services |
11 | |||||
3.06 Financing Services |
11 | |||||
3.07 Disposition Services |
12 | |||||
ARTICLE 4 AUTHORITY OF ADVISOR |
12 | |||||
4.01 Powers of the Advisor |
12 | |||||
4.02 Approval by the Board |
12 | |||||
4.03 Modification or Revocation of Authority of Advisor |
12 | |||||
ARTICLE 5 BANK ACCOUNTS |
13 | |||||
ARTICLE 6 RECORDS AND ACCESS |
13 | |||||
ARTICLE 7 LIMITATION ON ACTIVITIES |
13 | |||||
ARTICLE 8 FEES |
14 | |||||
8.01 Asset Management Fees |
14 | |||||
8.02 Disposition Fees |
15 | |||||
8.03 Financing Coordination Fee |
15 | |||||
8.04 Operating Partnership Interests |
15 | |||||
8.05 Changes to Fee Structure |
16 | |||||
8.06 Payment in Shares |
16 | |||||
ARTICLE 9 EXPENSES |
16 | |||||
9.01 General |
16 | |||||
9.02 Timing of and Additional Limitations on Reimbursements |
17 | |||||
ARTICLE 10 OTHER SERVICES |
18 | |||||
ARTICLE 11 VOTING AGREEMENT |
18 |
i
ARTICLE 12 RELATIONSHIP OF ADVISOR AND COMPANY; OTHER ACTIVITIES OF THE ADVISOR |
19 | |||||
12.01 Relationship |
19 | |||||
12.02 Time Commitment |
19 | |||||
12.03 Investment Opportunities and Allocation |
19 | |||||
ARTICLE 13 THE RODIN NAME |
20 | |||||
ARTICLE 14 TERM AND TERMINATION OF THE AGREEMENT |
21 | |||||
14.01 Term |
21 | |||||
14.02 Termination by the Parties |
21 | |||||
14.03 Payments on Termination and Survival of Certain Rights and Obligations |
21 | |||||
ARTICLE 15 ASSIGNMENT |
22 | |||||
ARTICLE 16 INDEMNIFICATION AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY |
22 | |||||
16.01 Indemnification |
22 | |||||
16.02 Limitation on Indemnification |
23 | |||||
16.03 Limitation on Payment of Expenses |
23 | |||||
16.04 Indemnification by Advisor |
23 | |||||
ARTICLE 17 NON-SOLICITATION |
24 | |||||
ARTICLE 18 MISCELLANEOUS |
24 | |||||
18.01 Notices |
24 | |||||
18.02 Modification |
24 | |||||
18.03 Severability |
25 | |||||
18.04 Construction |
25 | |||||
18.05 Entire Agreement |
25 | |||||
18.06 Waiver |
25 | |||||
18.07 Interpretation |
25 | |||||
18.08 Headings |
25 | |||||
18.09 Counterparts |
25 |
ii
Exhibit 10.2
ADVISORY AGREEMENT
THIS ADVISORY AGREEMENT (this Agreement ), dated as of [ ], 2016 (the Effective Date ), is entered into by and among Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the Company ), Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (the Operating Partnership ), Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Advisor ) and, solely in connection with the obligations set forth in Section 13 , Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Sponsor ). Capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in Section 1 below.
W I T N E S S E T H
WHEREAS, the Company intends to qualify as a REIT and intends to invest its funds in investments permitted by the terms of Sections 856 through 860 of the Code;
WHEREAS, the Company is the general partner of the Operating Partnership and intends to conduct all of its business and make all or substantially all Investments through the Operating Partnership;
WHEREAS, the Company and the Operating Partnership desire to avail themselves of the knowledge, experience, sources of information, advice, assistance and certain facilities available to the Advisor and to have the Advisor undertake the duties and responsibilities set forth herein, on behalf of, and subject to the supervision of, the Board of the Company, all as provided herein; and
WHEREAS, the Advisor is willing to undertake to render such services, subject to the supervision of the Board, on the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1
DEFINITIONS
As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings specified below:
Acquisition Expenses means any and all expenses incurred by the Company, the Operating Partnership, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates in connection with the selection, evaluation, acquisition, origination or development of any Investments, whether or not acquired or originated, as applicable, including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses, travel and communications expenses, costs of appraisals, surveys and environmental site assessments, nonrefundable option payments on properties or other investments not acquired, accounting fees and expenses, title insurance premiums, and the costs of performing due diligence.
Advisor means: (i) Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company; or (ii) any successor advisor to the Company.
Affiliate or Affiliated means with respect to any Person: (i) any Person directly or indirectly owning, controlling or holding, with the power to vote, ten percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of such other Person; (ii) any Person ten percent or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled or held, with the power to vote, by such other Person; (iii) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such other Person; (iv) any executive officer, director, trustee or general partner of such other Person; and (v) any legal entity for which such Person acts as an executive officer, director, trustee or general partner. An entity shall not be deemed to control or be under common control with a program sponsored by the Sponsor unless (A) the entity owns ten percent or more of the voting equity interests of such program or (B) a majority of the Board (or equivalent governing body) of such program is composed of Affiliates of the entity.
Asset Management Fee means the fees payable to the Advisor pursuant to Section 8.01 .
Average Invested Assets means, for a specified period, the average of the aggregate book value of the assets of the Company invested, directly or indirectly, in Investments before reserves for depreciation or bad debts or other similar non-cash reserves, computed by taking the average of such values at the end of each month during such period.
Board means the board of directors of the Company, as of any particular time.
Bylaws means the bylaws of the Company, as amended from time to time.
Cause means with respect to the termination of this Agreement, fraud, criminal conduct, willful misconduct, gross negligence or breach of fiduciary duty by the Advisor, or a material breach of this Agreement by the Advisor, which has not been cured within thirty (30) days after written notice thereof.
Charter means the articles of incorporation of the Company, as amended from time to time.
Class A Shares means the Class A shares of the Companys common stock, par value $0.01 per share, offered pursuant to the Offering.
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Class I Shares means the Class I shares of the Companys common stock, par value $0.01 per share, offered pursuant to the Offering.
Class T Shares means the Class T shares of the Companys common stock, par value $0.01 per share, offered pursuant to the Offering.
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto. Reference to any provision of the Code shall mean such provision as in effect from time to time, as the same may be amended, and any successor provision thereto, as interpreted by any applicable regulations as in effect from time to time.
Company means Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Maryland.
Contract Sales Price means the total consideration received by the Company for the sale of an Investment.
Contract Purchase Price means the amount actually paid or allocated, pursuant to approval by the Board, in respect of the purchase, development, construction or improvement of a Property.
Cost of Investments means the sum of: (i) with respect to the acquisition or origination of a Property, Loan or other permitted investment to be wholly owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company, the amount actually paid or allocated to fund the acquisition, origination, development, construction or improvement of the Property, Loan or other permitted investment, inclusive of expenses associated with such Property, Loan or other permitted investment and the amount of any debt associated with, or used to fund the investment in, such Property, Loan or other permitted investment; and (ii) with respect to the acquisition or origination of a Property, Loan or other permitted investment through any Joint Venture, the portion of the amount actually paid or allocated to fund the acquisition, origination, development, construction or improvement of the Property, Loan or other permitted investment, inclusive of expenses associated with such Property, Loan or other permitted investment and expenses of the Joint Venture, plus the amount of any debt associated with, or used to fund the investment in, such Property, Loan or other permitted investment that is attributable to the Companys investment in such Joint Venture.
Dealer Manager means Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., a New York general partnership, or such other Person or entity selected by the Board to act as dealer manager for the Offering.
Disposition Fee means the fees payable to the Advisor pursuant to Section 8.02 .
Distribution means any distributions of money or other property by the Company to Stockholders, including distributions that may constitute a return of capital for federal income tax purposes.
Excess Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 9.02 .
Expense Year has the meaning set forth in Section 9.02 .
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FINRA means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.
GAAP means generally accepted accounting principles as in effect in the United States of America from time to time.
Good Reason means either: (i) any failure by the Company or the Operating Partnership to obtain a satisfactory agreement from any successor to the Company or the Operating Partnership to assume and agree to perform the Companys or the Operating Partnerships obligations under this Agreement; or (ii) any material breach of this Agreement of any nature whatsoever by the Company or the Operating Partnership.
Gross Proceeds means the aggregate purchase price of all Shares sold for the account of the Company through an Offering, without deduction for Organization and Offering Expenses, and not including Shares sold pursuant to the Companys distribution reinvestment plan.
Independent Directors has the meaning set forth in the Charter.
Independent Appraisers has the meaning set forth in the Charter.
Initial Public Offering means the initial public offering of Shares registered on Registration Statement No. 333-[ ] on Form S-11.
Investments means any investments by the Company or the Operating Partnership in Properties, Loans and all other permitted investments in which the Company or the Operating Partnership may acquire an interest, either directly or indirectly, including through ownership interests in a Joint Venture, pursuant to its Charter, Bylaws or operating partnership agreement, as applicable, and the investment objectives and policies adopted by the Board from time to time, other than short-term investments acquired for purposes of cash management.
Joint Venture means any joint venture, limited liability company, partnership or other entity arrangements in which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a co-venturer, member or partner established to acquire or hold Investments.
Listing means the listing of the Shares on a national securities exchange. Upon such Listing, the Shares shall be deemed Listed.
Loans means mortgage loans and other types of debt investments made by the Company or the Operating Partnership, either directly or indirectly, including through ownership interests in a Joint Venture, including, without limitation, mezzanine loans, B-Notes, bridge loans, convertible debt, wraparound mortgage loans, construction mortgage loans, loans on leasehold interests, and participations in such loans.
NASAA REIT Guidelines means the Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts published by the North American Securities Administrators Association as in effect on the Effective Date.
NAV means the Companys net asset value, calculated on a quarterly basis pursuant to the Companys Valuation Guidelines.
Net Income means, for any period, the Companys total revenues applicable to such period, less the total expenses applicable to such period excluding additions to reserves for depreciation, bad debts or other similar non-cash reserves; provided , however , Net Income for purposes of calculating total allowable Operating Expenses (as defined herein) shall exclude the gain from the sale of the Companys assets.
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Offering means any offering of Shares that is registered with the SEC, excluding Shares offered under any employee benefit plan.
Operating Expenses means all costs and expenses paid or incurred by the Company, as determined under GAAP, that in any way are related to the operation of the Company or its business, including asset management fees paid to the Advisor, but excluding: (i) the expenses of raising capital such as Organization and Offering Expenses, legal, audit, accounting, underwriting, brokerage, listing, registration, and other fees, printing and other such expenses and taxes incurred in connection with the issuance, distribution, transfer, registration and Listing; (ii) interest payments; (iii) taxes; (iv) non-cash expenditures such as depreciation, amortization, and bad debt reserves; (v) incentive fees paid in compliance with the NASAA REIT Guidelines; and (vi) acquisition fees, Acquisition Expenses, Disposition Fees on the sale of real property and other fees and expenses connected with the acquisition, financing, origination, disposition and ownership of real estate interests, loans or other property (other than Disposition Fees on the sale of assets other than real property), including the costs of foreclosure, insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance, repair, and improvement of property. The definition of Operating Expenses set forth above is intended to encompass only those expenses which are required to be treated as Total Operating Expenses under the NASAA REIT Guidelines. As a result, and notwithstanding the definition set forth above, any expense of the Company which is not part of Total Operating Expenses under the NASAA REIT Guidelines shall not be treated as part of Operating Expenses for purposes hereof.
Operating Partnership means Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP, a Delaware limited partnership formed to own and operate Investments on behalf of the Company.
Operating Partnership Agreement means the limited partnership agreement by and among the Company, the Sponsor and Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC, as amended.
OP Units means the units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership
Organization and Offering Expenses means any and all costs and expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Company and to be paid from the assets of the Company in connection with the formation of the Company and the qualification and registration of an Offering, and the marketing and distribution of Shares, including, without limitation, total underwriting and brokerage discounts and commissions (including fees of the underwritersattorneys), expenses for printing, preparing and amending registration statements or supplementing prospectuses, mailing and distributing costs, salaries of employees while engaged in sales activities, telephone and other telecommunications costs, all advertising and marketing expenses, charges of transfer agents, registrars, trustees, escrow holders, depositories and experts and fees, expenses and taxes related to the filing, registration and qualification of the sale of the Shares under federal and state laws, including taxes and fees and accountants and attorneys fees, bona-fide due diligence expenses of broker-dealers and expenses incurred by the Advisor for administrative services related to the issuance of the Shares.
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Person means an individual, corporation, partnership, estate, trust (including a trust qualified under Section 401(a) or 501(c)(17) of the Code), a portion of a trust permanently set aside for or to be used exclusively for the purposes described in Section 642(c) of the Code, association, private foundation within the meaning of Section 509(a) of the Code, joint stock company or other entity, or any government or any agency or political subdivision thereof, and also includes a group as that term is used for purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
Property means any real property or properties transferred or conveyed to the Company or the Operating Partnership, either directly or indirectly, including through ownership interests in a Joint Venture.
Property Manager means an entity that has been retained to perform and carry out property management services at one or more of the Properties, excluding persons, entities or independent contractors retained or hired to perform facility management or other services or tasks at a particular Property, the costs for which are passed through to and ultimately paid by the tenant at such Property.
Prospectus means the Companys final prospectus for any public offering within the meaning of Section 2(10) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Refinancing Coordination Fee has the meaning set forth in Section 8.03 .
Registration Statement means the registration statement filed by the Company with the SEC on Form S-11 (Reg. No. 333-[ ]), as amended from time to time, in connection with the Initial Public Offering.
REIT means a real estate investment trust under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code.
Sale means (i) any transaction or series of transactions whereby: (A) the Company or the Operating Partnership, directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition), sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any Investment or portion thereof, including the lease of any Property consisting of a building only, and including any event with respect to any Investment which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards, and including the issuance by one of the Companys subsidiaries of any asset backed securities or collateralized debt obligations as part of a securitization transaction; (B) the Company or the Operating Partnership, directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition), sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of all or substantially all of the interest of the Company or the Operating Partnership in any Joint Venture in which it is a co-venturer or partner; (C) any Joint Venture in which the Company or the Operating Partnership is a co-venturer or partner directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any Investment or portion thereof, including any event with respect to any Investment which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards, and including the issuance by such a Joint Venture or one of its
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subsidiaries of any asset backed securities or collateralized debt obligations as part of a securitization transaction; or (D) the Company directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition), sells, grants, conveys or relinquishes its interest in any Investment or portion thereof, including any payments thereunder or in satisfaction thereof (other than regularly scheduled interest payments) or any amounts owed pursuant to such Investment, and including any event with respect to any Investment which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or similar awards; or (E) the Company directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any other asset not previously described in this definition or any portion thereof, but (ii) not including any transaction or series of transactions specified in clause (i) (A) through (E) above in which the proceeds of such transaction or series of transactions are reinvested by the Company in one or more assets within 180 days thereafter.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
Securities means any Shares, any other stock, shares or other evidences of equity or beneficial or other interests, voting trust certificates, bonds, debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness, secured or unsecured, convertible, subordinated or otherwise, or in general any instruments commonly known as securities or any certificates of interest, shares or participations in, temporary or interim certificates for, receipts for, guarantees of, or warrants, options or rights to subscribe to, purchase or acquire, any of the foregoing.
Shares means collectively, the Class A Shares, Class T Shares and Class I Shares.
Special OP Units means the separate series of limited partnership interests issued in accordance with Section 8.03 .
Sponsor means Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
Stockholders means the registered holders of the Shares.
Termination Date means the date of termination of the Agreement determined in accordance with Article 14 hereof.
2%/25% Guidelines means the requirement pursuant to the NASAA REIT Guidelines that, in any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters, total Operating Expenses not exceed the greater of 2.0% of the Companys Average Invested Assets during such 12-month period or 25.0% of the Companys Net Income over the same 12-month period.
Valuation Guidelines means the valuation guidelines adopted by the Board, as amended from time to time.
ARTICLE 2
APPOINTMENT
The Company and the Operating Partnership hereby appoint the Advisor to serve as their advisor and asset manager subject to the terms and upon the conditions set forth in this Agreement, and the Advisor hereby accepts such appointment.
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ARTICLE 3
DUTIES OF THE ADVISOR
The Advisor is responsible for managing, operating, directing and supervising the operations and administration of the Company and its assets. The Advisor undertakes to use its commercially reasonable efforts to present to the Company and the Operating Partnership potential investment opportunities, to make investment decisions on behalf of the Company subject to the limitations in the Companys Charter, the direction and oversight of the Board and Section 4.03 hereof, and to provide the Company with a continuing and suitable investment program consistent with the investment objectives and policies of the Company as determined and adopted from time to time by the Board. Subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, including Article 4 hereof, and the continuing and exclusive authority of the Board over the management of the Company, the Advisor shall, either directly or by engaging an Affiliate or third party, perform the following duties at the request of the Company:
3.01 Offering Service s . The Advisor shall manage and supervise:
(i) Development of the Initial Public Offering and any subsequent or simultaneous Offering approved by the Board, including the determination of the specific terms of the securities to be offered by the Company, preparation of all offering and related documents, and obtaining all required regulatory approvals of such documents;
(ii) Along with the Dealer Manager, approval of the participating broker-dealers and negotiation of the related selling agreements;
(iii) Coordination of the due diligence process relating to participating broker-dealers and their review of the Registration Statement and other Offering and Company documents;
(iv) Preparation and approval of all marketing materials contemplated to be used by the Dealer Manager or others relating to the Offering;
(v) Along with the Dealer Manager, negotiation and coordination with the transfer agent for the receipt, collection, processing and acceptance of subscription agreements, commissions, and other administrative support functions;
(vi) Creation and implementation of various technology and electronic communications related to the Offering; and
(vii) All other services related to the Offering, other than services that (a) are to be performed by the Dealer Manager, (b) the Company elects to perform directly or (c) would require the Advisor to register as a broker-dealer with the SEC, FINRA or any state.
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3.02 Acquisition Services .
The Advisor shall:
(i) Serve as the Companys investment and financial advisor and obtain certain market research and economic and statistical data in connection with the Companys Investments and investment objectives and policies;
(ii) Subject to Article 4 hereof and the investment objectives and policies of the Company: (a) locate, analyze and select potential Investments; (b) structure and negotiate the terms and conditions of transactions pursuant to which the Investments will be made; and (c) acquire Investments on behalf of the Company;
(iii) Oversee the due diligence process related to prospective investments;
(iv) Prepare reports regarding prospective investments which include recommendations and supporting documentation necessary for the Board to evaluate the prospective investments;
(v) Obtain reports (which may be prepared by the Advisor or its Affiliates), where appropriate, concerning the value of prospective investments of the Company; and
(vi) Negotiate and execute approved Investments and other transactions.
3.03 Asset Management Services .
The Advisor shall:
(i) Investigate, select, and, on behalf of the Company, engage and conduct business with such Persons as the Advisor deems necessary to the proper performance of its obligations hereunder, including but not limited to consultants, accountants, lenders, technical advisors, attorneys, brokers, underwriters, corporate fiduciaries, escrow agents, depositaries, custodians, agents for collection, insurers, insurance agents, developers, construction companies, Property Managers and any and all Persons acting in any other capacity deemed by the Advisor necessary or desirable for the performance of any of the foregoing services;
(ii) Monitor applicable markets and obtain reports (which may be prepared by the Advisor or its Affiliates) where appropriate, concerning the value of Investments of the Company;
(iii) Monitor and evaluate the performance of Investments of the Company, provide daily management services to the Company and perform and supervise the various management and operational functions related to the Companys Investments;
(iv) Formulate and oversee the implementation of strategies for the administration, promotion, management, operation, maintenance, improvement, financing and refinancing, marketing, leasing and disposition of Investments on an overall portfolio basis;
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(v) Oversee the performance by the Property Managers of their duties, including collection and proper deposits of rental payments and payment of Property expenses and maintenance;
(vi) Conduct periodic on-site property visits to some or all (as the Advisor deems reasonably necessary) of the Properties to inspect the physical condition of the Properties and to evaluate the performance of the Property Managers;
(vii) Review, analyze and comment upon the operating budgets, capital budgets and leasing plans prepared and submitted by each Property Manager and aggregate these property budgets into the Companys overall budget;
(viii) Coordinate and manage relationships between the Company and any Joint Venture partners;
(ix) Provide financial and operational planning services and investment portfolio management functions;
(x) Assist the Board in the in development, oversight, implementation and coordination of the Companys NAV procedures;
(xi) Provide information in connection with the Companys Properties and Investments to the Independent Appraisers and other parties involved in determining the NAV and obtain market quotations or conduct fair valuation determinations concerning the value of Investments; and
(xii) Monitor each Independent Appraisers valuation process to ensure that it complies with the Valuation Guidelines.
3.04 Accounting and Other Administrative Services .
The Advisor shall:
(i) Manage and perform the various administrative functions necessary for the management of the day-to-day operations of the Company;
(ii) From time-to-time, or at any time reasonably requested by the Board, make reports to the Board on the Advisors performance of services to the Company under this Agreement;
(iii) Make reports to the Board, at least annually, of the allocation of Investments that have been allocated by the Sponsor to the Company and any other programs advised, sponsored or organized by the Sponsor or its Affiliates;
(iv) Coordinate with the Companys independent auditors to prepare and deliver to the Companys audit committee an annual report covering the Advisors compliance with certain material aspects of this Agreement;
(v) Provide or arrange for administrative services and items, legal and other services, office space, office furnishings, personnel and other overhead items necessary and incidental to the Companys business and operations;
(vi) Provide financial and operational planning services and portfolio management functions;
(vii) Maintain accounting data and any other information concerning the activities of the Company as shall be needed to prepare and file all periodic financial reports and returns required to be filed with the SEC and any other regulatory agency, including annual financial statements;
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(viii) Maintain all appropriate books and records of the Company;
(ix) Oversee tax and compliance services and risk management services and coordinate with appropriate third parties, including independent accountants and other consultants, on related tax matters;
(x) Supervise the performance of such ministerial and administrative functions as may be necessary in connection with the daily operations of the Company;
(xi) Provide the Company with all necessary cash management services;
(xii) Manage and coordinate with the transfer agent the distribution process and payments to Stockholders;
(xiii) Consult with the officers of the Company and the Board, and assist in evaluating and obtaining adequate insurance coverage based upon risk management determinations;
(xiv) Provide the officers of the Company and the Board with timely updates related to the overall regulatory environment affecting the Company, as well as managing compliance with such matters;
(xv) Consult with the officers of the Company and the Board relating to the corporate governance structure and appropriate policies and procedures related thereto; and
(xvi) Oversee all reporting, record keeping, internal controls and similar matters in a manner to allow the Company to comply with applicable law including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
3.05 Stockholder Services .
The Advisor shall:
(i) Manage communications with Stockholders, including answering phone calls, preparing and sending written and electronic reports and other communications; and
(ii) Establish technology infrastructure to assist in providing Stockholder support and service.
3.06 Financing Services .
The Advisor shall:
(i) Identify and evaluate potential financing and refinancing sources, engaging a third-party broker if necessary;
(ii) Negotiate terms, arrange and execute financing agreements;
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(iii) Manage relationships between the Company and its lenders; and
(iv) Monitor and oversee the service of the Companys debt facilities and other borrowings.
3.07 Disposition Services .
The Advisor shall:
(i) Consult with the Board and provide assistance with the evaluation and approval of potential asset dispositions, sales or other liquidity events; and
(ii) Structure and negotiate the terms and conditions of transactions pursuant to which Investments may be sold.
ARTICLE 4
AUTHORITY OF ADVISOR
4.01 Powers of the Advisor . Subject to the express limitations set forth in this Agreement, any restrictions imposed by law, rule or regulation and the continuing and exclusive authority of the Board over the management of the Company, the power to direct the management, operation and policies of the Company, including making, financing and disposing of Investments, and the performance of those services described in Article 3 hereof, shall be vested in the Advisor, which shall have the power by itself and shall be authorized and empowered on behalf and in the name of the Company to carry out any and all of the objectives and purposes of the Company and to perform all acts and enter into and perform all contracts and other undertakings that it may in its sole discretion deem necessary, advisable or incidental thereto to perform its obligations under this Agreement. The Advisor shall have the power to delegate all or any part of its rights and powers to manage and control the business and affairs of the Company to such officers, employees, Affiliates, agents and representatives of the Advisor or the Company as it may deem appropriate. Any authority delegated by the Advisor to any other Person shall be subject to the limitations on the rights and powers of the Advisor specifically set forth in this Agreement or the Charter.
4.02 Approval by the Board . Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Advisor may not take any action on behalf of the Company without the prior approval of the Board or duly authorized committees thereof if the Charter or Maryland General Corporation Law require the prior approval of the Board. If the Board or a committee of the Board must approve a proposed investment, financing or disposition or chooses to do so, the Advisor will deliver to the Board or committee, as applicable, all documents required by it to evaluate such investment, financing or disposition.
4.03 Modification or Revocation of Authority of Advisor . The Board may, at any time upon the giving of notice to the Advisor, modify or revoke the authority or approvals set forth in Article 3 and this Article 4 ; provided , however , that such modification or revocation shall be effective upon receipt by the Advisor and shall not be applicable to investment transactions to which the Advisor has committed the Company prior to the date of receipt by the Advisor of such notification.
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ARTICLE 5
BANK ACCOUNTS
The Advisor may establish and maintain one or more bank accounts in the name of the Company and the Operating Partnership and may collect and deposit into any such account or accounts, and disburse from any such account or accounts, any money on behalf of the Company or the Operating Partnership, under such terms and conditions as the Board may approve, provided that no funds shall be commingled with the funds of the Advisor. The Advisor shall from time to time render appropriate accountings of such collections and payments to the Board and the independent auditors of the Company.
ARTICLE 6
RECORDS AND ACCESS
The Advisor, in the conduct of its responsibilities to the Company, shall maintain, or cause to be maintained, adequate and separate books and records for the Companys operations in accordance with GAAP, which shall be supported by sufficient documentation to ascertain that such books and records are properly and accurately recorded. Such books and records shall be the property of the Company and shall be available for inspection by the Board and by counsel, auditors and other authorized agents of the Company, at any time or from time to time during normal business hours. The Advisor shall at all reasonable times have access to the books and records of the Company and the Operating Partnership.
ARTICLE 7
LIMITATION ON ACTIVITIES
Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement to the contrary, the Advisor shall not take any action that, in its sole judgment made in good faith, would: (i) adversely affect the ability of the Company to qualify or continue to qualify as a REIT under the Code unless the Board has determined that the Company will not seek or maintain REIT qualification for the Company; (ii) subject the Company to regulation under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended; (iii) violate any law, rule, regulation or statement of policy of any governmental body or agency having jurisdiction over the Company, its Shares or its other securities; (iv) require the Advisor to register as a broker-dealer with the SEC, FINRA or any state; or (v) violate the Charter or Bylaws. In the event an action that would violate (i) through (v) of the preceding sentence but such action has been ordered by the Board, the Advisor shall notify the Board of the Advisors judgment of the potential impact of such action and shall refrain from taking such action until it receives further clarification or instructions from the Board. In such event, the Advisor shall have no liability for acting in accordance with the specific instructions of the Board so given.
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ARTICLE 8
FEES
8.01 Asset Management Fees . The Company shall pay the Advisor or its Affiliates as compensation for the services described in Section 3.03 hereof a monthly fee (the Asset Management Fee ) in an amount equal to one-twelfth of 1.25% of the sum of the Cost of Investments (or in the case of Loans, the principal amount), less any principal repaid by borrowers on Loans or other debt-related investments (or the Companys proportionate share thereof in the case of an Investment made through a Joint Venture), as of the end of each month; provided that, if the Board determines an estimated net asset value per share, with respect to the Investments included in the Boards determination, the Asset Management Fee will be equal to one-twelfth of 1.25% of the most recently determined value of such Investment, as of the end of each month. For purposes of calculating the Asset Management Fee, the Cost of Investments for each Investment shall be prorated for the number of days during the applicable month that the Company owns such Investment. The Advisor shall submit a monthly invoice to the Company, accompanied by a computation of the Asset Management Fee for the applicable month. The Asset Management Fee shall generally be payable on the last day of the month that immediately follows the month in which such Asset Management Fee was earned, or the first business day
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following the last day of such month. However, payment of the Asset Management Fee may be deferred or waived, in whole or in part (or received in Shares) as to any transaction in the sole discretion of the Advisor. Any such deferred or waived Asset Management Fees shall be paid to the Advisor or its Affiliates without interest at such subsequent date as the Advisor shall request.
8.02 Disposition Fees.
(i) If the Advisor or any of its Affiliates provide a substantial amount of services, and based on the services, as determined by the Independent Directors, in connection with a Sale (except for the Sale of any Securities that are traded on a national securities exchange), the Advisor or such Affiliate shall receive a Disposition Fee in an amount of 2.0% of the Contract Sales Price of each Investment sold.
(ii) The Advisor shall also receive a Disposition Fee upon the maturity, prepayment, workout, modification or extension of a Loan or other debt-related investment if there is a corresponding fee paid by the borrower to the Company, in which event the Advisor shall receive the lesser of (i) 1.0% of the principal amount of the Loan or debt-related investment prior to such transaction or (ii) the amount of the fee paid by the borrower to the Company in connection with such transaction.
(iii) To the extent the Disposition Fee is paid upon the Sale of any assets other than real property, such amount shall count against the limit of Operating Expenses required to be treated as Total Operating Expenses under the NASAA REIT Guidelines. In addition, the payment of any Disposition Fees by the Company shall be subject to the limitations contained in the Companys Charter and in no event shall the Disposition Fee exceed an amount which, when added to the fees paid by the Company to unaffiliated parties in connection with a Sale, equals the lesser of a competitive real estate commission or 6.0% of the Contract Sales Price. The Advisor shall submit an invoice to the Company following the closing or closings of each disposition, accompanied by a computation of the Disposition Fee. Generally, the Disposition Fee payable to the Advisor shall be paid at the closing of the transaction upon receipt of the invoice by the Company; provided , however , that such Disposition Fee shall be paid to an Affiliate of the Advisor that is registered as a FINRA member broker-dealer if applicable laws or regulations prohibit such payment to be made to a Person that is not a FINRA member broker-dealer. However, payment of the Disposition Fee may be deferred or waived (or accepted in Shares), in whole or in part, as to any transaction in the sole discretion of the Advisor. Any such deferred or waived Disposition Fees shall be paid to the Advisor or its Affiliates without interest at such subsequent date as the Advisor shall request.
8.03 Refinancing Coordination Fee. If the Advisor or an Affiliate provide services in connection with the refinancing of any Loan the Company or the Operating Partnership directly or indirectly obtains, including refinancing of any assumed Loan, the Company shall pay a Refinancing Coordination Fee to the Advisor in an amount equal to 0.75% of the amount available or outstanding under any such Loan, including any assumed Loan. Refinancing shall include restructuring, workouts or other recapitalization of any Loan.
8.04 Operating Partnership Interests. An Affiliate of the Advisor has made a capital contribution of $1,000 to the Operating Partnership in exchange for Special OP Units. The
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Special OP Units shall be entitled to the distributions provided for, and shall be subject to redemption by the Operating Partnership, in accordance with the terms of the Operating Partnership Agreement. To the extent distributions to the Special OP Units are not paid from net sales proceeds, such amounts will count against the limit on Operating Expenses. In the event of termination of this Agreement by the Company for Cause, the Company shall redeem the Special OP Units in exchange for a one-time cash payment to the Advisors Affiliate of $1.00.
8.05 Changes to Fee Structure. In the event of Listing, the Company and the Advisor shall negotiate in good faith to establish a fee structure appropriate for a perpetual-life entity.
8.06 Payment in Shares. In the event the Advisor, in its sole discretion, elects to be paid any of the fees set forth in this Article 8 in Class I Shares (in lieu of cash payment), the number of Class I Shares shall be equal to (A) the cash amount of such fee; divided by (B) either (i) the then current offering price (or the most recent offering price if the Company is not engaged in the offering) of the Class I Shares net of dealer manager fees and selling commissions, or (ii) as of the date the Company publishes a NAV per share, the then-current NAV per share applicable to Class I Shares.
ARTICLE 9
EXPENSES
9.01 General. In addition to the compensation paid to the Advisor pursuant to Article 8 hereof, the Company shall pay directly or reimburse the Advisor or its Affiliates for all of the expenses paid or incurred by the Advisor or its Affiliates on behalf of the Company or in connection with the services provided to the Company pursuant to this Agreement, including, but not limited to:
(i) All Organization and Offering Expenses; provided , however , that the Advisor, or an Affiliate of the Advisor, shall be responsible for the payment of the Companys Organizational and Offering Expenses to the extent the total amount of such expenses exceeds 15.0% of Gross Proceeds from the Companys offering; provided that within 60 days after the end of the month in which an Offering terminates, the Advisor shall reimburse the Company to the extent the Company incurred Organization and Offering Expenses exceeding 15.0% of the Gross Proceeds raised in the completed Offering;
(ii) Acquisition Expenses incurred in connection with the selection and acquisition of Investments, including such expenses incurred related to assets pursued or considered but not ultimately acquired by the Company, provided that , notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the payment of Acquisition Expenses by the Company shall be subject to the limitations contained in the Companys Charter;
(iii) The actual out-of-pocket cost of goods and services used by the Company and obtained from entities not Affiliated with the Advisor;
(iv) Interest and other costs for borrowed money or securitization transactions, including discounts, points and other similar fees;
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(v) Taxes and assessments on income or Properties, taxes as an expense of doing business and any other taxes otherwise imposed on the Company and its business, assets or income;
(vi) Out-of-pocket costs associated with insurance required in connection with the business of the Company or by its officers and Board;
(vii) Expenses of managing, improving, developing, operating and selling Investments owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company, as well as expenses of other transactions relating to such Investments, including but not limited to prepayments, maturities, workouts and other settlements of Loans and other Investments;
(viii) All out-of-pocket expenses in connection with payments to the Board and meetings of the Board and Stockholders;
(ix) Personnel and related employment costs incurred by the Advisor or its Affiliates in performing the services described in Article 3 hereof, including but not limited to reasonable salaries and wages, benefits and overhead of all employees directly involved in the performance of such services, provided that no reimbursement shall be made for costs of such employees of the Advisor or its Affiliates to the extent that such employees (A) perform services for which the Advisor receives acquisition fees or Disposition Fees or (B) serve as executive officers of the Company;
(x) Out-of-pocket expenses of providing services for and maintaining communications with Stockholders, including the cost of preparation, printing, and mailing annual reports and other Stockholder reports, proxy statements and other reports required by governmental entities;
(xi) Audit, accounting and legal fees, and other fees for professional services relating to the operations of the Company and all such fees incurred at the request, or on behalf of, the Board or any other committee of the Board;
(xii) Out-of-pocket costs for the Company to comply with all applicable laws, regulations and ordinances;
(xiii) Expenses connected with payments of Distributions made or caused to be made by the Company to the Stockholders;
(xiv) Expenses of organizing, redomesticating, merging, liquidating or dissolving the Company or of amending the Charter or the Bylaws; and
(xv) All other out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred by the Advisor or its Affiliates in performing the Advisors duties hereunder.
9.02 Timing of and Additional Limitations on Reimbursements .
(i) Expenses incurred by the Advisor on behalf of the Company and reimbursable pursuant to this Article 9 shall be reimbursed no less than monthly to the
17
Advisor. The Advisor shall prepare a statement documenting the expenses of the Company during each quarter and shall deliver such statement to the Company within 45 days after the end of each quarter.
(ii) Commencing upon the earlier of the fourth fiscal quarter after (i) the Company makes an initial Investment or (ii) six months after commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the following limitation on Operating Expenses shall apply: the Company shall not reimburse the Advisor at the end of any fiscal quarter for Operating Expenses that in the four consecutive fiscal quarters then ended (the Expense Year ) exceed (the Excess Amount ) the greater of 2.0% of Average Invested Assets or 25.0% of Net Income (the 2%/25% Guidelines ) for such year unless the Board determines that such excess was justified, based on unusual and nonrecurring factors that the Board deems sufficient. If the Board does not approve such excess as being so justified, any Excess Amount paid to the Advisor during a fiscal quarter shall be repaid to the Company. If the Board determines such excess was justified, then, within 60 days after the end of any fiscal quarter of the Company for which total reimbursed Operating Expenses for the Expense Year exceed the 2%/25% Guidelines, the Advisor, at the direction of the Board, shall cause such fact to be disclosed to the Stockholders in writing (or the Company shall disclose such fact to the Stockholders in the next quarterly report of the Company or by filing a Current Report on Form 8-K with the SEC within 60 days of such quarter end), together with an explanation of the factors the Board considered in determining that such excess expenses were justified. The Company will ensure that such determination will be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of the Board. All figures used in the foregoing computation shall be determined in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis.
ARTICLE 10
OTHER SERVICES
Should: (i) the Operating Partnership request that the Advisor or any Affiliate or any manager, officer or employee of the Advisor or Affiliate render services for the Company other than as set forth in this Agreement; or (ii) there are changes to the regulatory environment in which the Advisor or Company operates that would increase significantly the level of services performed such that the costs and expenses borne by the Advisor for which the Advisor is not entitled to separate reimbursement for personnel and related employment direct costs and overhead under Article 9 of this Agreement would increase significantly, such services shall be separately compensated at such rates and in such amounts as are agreed by the Advisor and the Independent Directors, subject to the limitations contained in the Charter, and shall not be deemed to be services pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.
ARTICLE 11
VOTING AGREEMENT
The Advisor agrees that, with respect to any Shares now or hereinafter owned by it or its Affiliates, none of them will vote or consent on matters submitted to the Stockholders of the
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Company regarding: (i) the removal of the Advisor or any of its Affiliates as the Advisor; or (ii) any transaction between the Company and the Advisor or any of its Affiliates. This voting restriction shall survive until such time that the Advisor or any of its Affiliates is no longer serving as the Advisor.
ARTICLE 12
RELATIONSHIP OF ADVISOR AND COMPANY;
OTHER ACTIVITIES OF THE ADVISOR
12.01 Relationship . The Company and the Advisor are not partners or joint venturers with each other, and nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to make them such partners or joint venturers. Nothing herein contained shall prevent the Advisor from engaging in other activities, including, without limitation, the rendering of advice to other Persons (including other REITs) and the management of other programs advised, sponsored or organized by the Advisor or its Affiliates. Nor shall this Agreement limit or restrict the right of any manager, director, officer, employee or equityholder of the Advisor or its Affiliates to engage in any other business or to render services of any kind to any other Person. The Advisor may, with respect to any investment in which the Company is a participant, also render advice and service to each and every other participant therein. The Advisor shall promptly disclose to the Board the existence of any condition or circumstance, existing or anticipated, of which it has knowledge, that creates or could create a conflict of interest between the Advisors obligations to the Company and its obligations to or its interest in any other Person.
12.02 Time Commitment . The Advisor shall, and shall cause its Affiliates and their respective employees, officers and agents to, devote to the Company such time as shall be reasonably necessary to conduct the business and affairs of the Company in an appropriate manner consistent with the terms of this Agreement. The Company acknowledges that the Advisor and its Affiliates and their respective employees, officers and agents may also engage in activities unrelated to the Company and may provide services to Persons other than the Company or any of its Affiliates.
12.03 Investment Opportunities and Allocation . The Advisor shall be required to use commercially reasonable efforts to present a continuing and suitable investment program to the Company that is consistent with the investment policies and objectives of the Company, but neither the Advisor nor any Affiliate of the Advisor shall be obligated to present any particular Investment opportunity to the Company even if the opportunity is of a character that, if presented to the Company, could be taken by the Company. In the event an Investment opportunity is identified, the allocation procedures set forth under the caption Conflicts of InterestAllocation of Investment Opportunities in any Prospectus (as may be amended from time to time) shall govern the allocation of the opportunity among the Company, any of its Affiliates and any investment vehicles sponsored or managed by the Sponsor or any of their Affiliates.
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ARTICLE 13
THE RODIN NAME
The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Sponsor and its Affiliates have a proprietary interest in the name Rodin. Except upon the express prior written consent of Sponsor, on a case by case basis, which if given, may be withdrawn at any time in the sole discretion of Sponsor, the Company shall not (and shall cause its Affiliates and each of its and their partners, officers, directors, employees and agents, whether present or future (collectively, Personnel) not to): (i) use, apply for or register in any manner, form or jurisdiction whatsoever any of Sponsors or any of Sponsors Affiliates name(s), trade name(s), logo(s), trademark(s), service mark(s), business, trade or corporate name(s), Internet domain name(s), social media/username domain(s), or sub-domain name(s), in each case, whether registered or unregistered, or any variations, translations, or transliterations thereof, or any terms confusingly similar to any of the foregoing, including without limitation, the name Rodin (collectively, the Names and Marks), or (ii) sublicense the Names and Marks to any third party or grant any third party the right to use the Names and Marks.
The Company acknowledges and agrees (and shall cause its Personnel to acknowledge and agree) that: (i) Sponsor is and shall remain at all times the sole and exclusive owner of all right, title and interest in and to the Names and Marks and any and all proprietary rights therein and thereto, (ii) nothing contained herein creates, shall create, nor shall be construed as a grant of, any right, title or interest in or to any Names and Marks or any proprietary rights therein or thereto, (iii) all right, title and interest in and to the Names and Marks is expressly reserved by Sponsor, and (iv) the Company and its Personnel shall keep the Names and Marks free from all liens, mortgages, or other encumbrances.
The Company recognizes the value of the goodwill associated with the Names and Marks and the proprietary rights therein and thereto. Should Sponsor provide its written consent to use the Names and Marks, the Company agrees that (i) any use of the Names and Marks and any goodwill arising therefrom, shall inure solely to the benefit of Sponsor, (ii) it will use the Names and Marks only in accordance with and subject to Sponsors specification, direction and information, and (iii) it shall fully cooperate (and shall ensure that its Personnel fully cooperate) with Sponsor as reasonably required from time to time by Sponsor to perfect or otherwise secure all rights, title and interest in any and all Names and Marks.
Upon expiration or termination of this Agreement, or upon Sponsors withdrawal of any written consent by Sponsor to use the Names and Marks, or if at any time the Company ceases to retain the Advisor or one of its Affiliates to perform advisory services for the Company: (i) all rights granted to the Company under this Agreement shall immediately terminate and revert to Sponsor, (ii) the Company will immediately and permanently cease all use of the Names and Marks, (iii) the Company shall immediately change its name and the names of any of its subsidiaries to a name that does not contain the name Rodin or any other word or words that might, in the sole discretion of the Sponsor, be susceptible of indication of some form of relationship between the Company and the Sponsor or any of Sponsors Affiliates , and (iv) the Company shall promptly return to Sponsor or, at Sponsors option, destroy, at the Companys expense, all records and copies of technical, marketing, advertising, sales, and promotional
20
material in its possession bearing the Names and Marks. Consistent with the foregoing, it is specifically recognized that the Sponsor or one or more of its Affiliates has in the past and may in the future organize, sponsor or otherwise permit to exist other investment vehicles (including vehicles for investment in real estate loans, real estate-related debt securities and other real estate assets) and financial and service organizations having Rodin as a part of their name, all without the need for any consent (and without the right to object thereto) by the Company. The Sponsor shall govern the Companys use of the name Rodin and the Companys use of the Rodin name will be in strict accordance with any quality standards and specifications that may be established by Advisor and communicated to Company from time to time.
ARTICLE 14
TERM AND TERMINATION OF THE AGREEMENT
14.01 Term . This Agreement shall have an initial term of one year from the Effective Date and may be renewed for an unlimited number of successive one-year terms upon mutual consent of the parties. The Company (acting through the Independent Directors) will evaluate the performance of the Advisor annually before renewing this Agreement, and each such renewal shall be for a term of no more than one year. Any such renewal must be approved by the Independent Directors.
14.02 Termination by the Parties . This Agreement may be terminated:
(i) immediately by the Company or the Operating Partnership for Cause or upon the bankruptcy of the Advisor;
(ii) upon 60 days written notice without Cause and without penalty by a majority of the Independent Directors of the Company or the Advisor; or
(iii) upon 60 days written notice with Good Reason by the Advisor.
The provisions of Article 13 , Section 14.03 and Articles 16 through 18 of this Agreement shall survive termination of this Agreement.
14.03 Payments on Termination and Survival of Certain Rights and Obligations . Payments to the Advisor pursuant to this Section 14.03 shall be subject to the 2%/25% Guidelines to the extent applicable.
(i) After the Termination Date, the Advisor shall not be entitled to compensation for further services hereunder except it shall be entitled to receive from the Company or the Operating Partnership within 30 days after the effective date of such termination all unpaid reimbursements of expenses and all earned but unpaid fees payable to the Advisor prior to termination of this Agreement, subject to the 2%/25% Guidelines to the extent applicable.
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(ii) The Advisor shall promptly upon termination:
(a) pay over to the Company and the Operating Partnership all money collected and held for the account of the Company and the Operating Partnership pursuant to this Agreement, if any, after deducting any accrued compensation and reimbursement for its expenses to which it is then entitled;
(b) deliver to the Board a full accounting, including a statement showing all payments collected by it and a statement of all money held by it, covering the period following the date of the last accounting furnished to the Board;
(c) deliver to the Board all assets and documents of the Company then in the custody of the Advisor; and
(d) cooperate with the Company to provide an orderly transition of advisory functions.
ARTICLE 15
ASSIGNMENT
This Agreement may be assigned by the Advisor with the prior approval of a majority of the Board (and with respect to any assignment to an Affiliate, also with the prior approval of a majority of the Independent Directors). The Advisor may assign any rights to receive fees or other payments under this Agreement without obtaining the approval of the Board. This Agreement shall not be assigned by the Company or the Operating Partnership without the consent of the Advisor, except in the case of an assignment by the Company or the Operating Partnership to a corporation or other organization that is a successor to all of the assets, rights and obligations of the Company or the Operating Partnership, in which case such successor organization shall be bound hereunder and by the terms of said assignment in the same manner as the Company and the Operating Partnership are bound by this Agreement. Nothing herein shall be deemed to prohibit or otherwise restrict any transfers or additional issuances of equity interests in the Advisor nor shall any such transfer or issuance be deemed an assignment for purposes of this Article 15 .
ARTICLE 16
INDEMNIFICATION AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
16.01 Indemnification . Except as prohibited by the restrictions provided in this Section 16.01 , Section 16.02 and Section 16.03 , the Company and the Operating Partnership shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Advisor and its Affiliates, including their respective officers, directors, equity holders, partners and employees, from all liability, claims, damages or losses arising in the performance of their duties hereunder, and related expenses, including reasonable attorneys fees, to the extent such liability, claims, damages or losses and related expenses are not fully reimbursed by insurance. Any indemnification of the Advisor may be made only out of the net assets of the Company and not from Stockholders.
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not indemnify the Advisors or its Affiliates for any loss, liability or expense arising from or out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws by such party unless one or more of the following conditions are met: (i) there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged securities law violations as to the particular indemnitee; (ii) such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as to the particular indemnitee; or (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against a particular indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which securities of the Company were offered or sold as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.
16.02 Limitation on Indemnification . Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company and the Operating Partnership shall not provide for indemnification of the Advisor or its Affiliates for any liability or loss suffered by any of them, nor shall any of them be held harmless for any loss or liability suffered by the Company, unless all of the following conditions are met:
(i) The Advisor or its Affiliates have determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interests of the Company and the Operating Partnership.
(ii) The Advisor or its Affiliates were acting on behalf of or performing services for the Company or the Operating Partnership.
(iii) Such liability or loss was not the result of negligence or misconduct by the Advisor or its Affiliates.
(iv) Such indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of the Companys net assets and not from the Stockholders.
16.03 Limitation on Payment of Expenses . The Company shall pay or reimburse reasonable legal expenses and other costs incurred by the Advisors or its Affiliates in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding only if (in addition to the procedures required by the Maryland General Corporation Law, as amended from time to time) all of the following are satisfied: (a) the proceeding relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of the Company or the Operating Partnership, (b) the legal proceeding was initiated by a third party who is not a Stockholder or, if by a Stockholder acting in his or her capacity as such, a court of competent jurisdiction approves such advancement and (c) the Advisor or its Affiliates undertake to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the Company or the Operating Partnership, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined that the particular indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification.
16.04 Indemnification by Advisor . The Advisor shall indemnify and hold harmless the Company and the Operating Partnership from contract or other liability, claims, damages, taxes or losses and related expenses including attorneys fees, to the extent that such liability, claims, damages, taxes or losses and related expenses are not fully reimbursed by insurance and are incurred by reason of the Advisors bad faith, fraud, willful misconduct
23
or gross negligence; provided , however , that the Advisor shall not be held responsible for any action of the Board in following or declining to follow any advice or recommendation given by the Advisor.
ARTICLE 17
NON-SOLICITATION
During the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending one year following the Termination Date, the Company shall not, without the Advisors prior written consent, directly or indirectly; (i) solicit or encourage any person to leave the employment or other service of the Advisor or its Affiliates; or (ii) hire, on behalf of the Company or any other person or entity, any person who has left the employment within the one year period following the termination of that persons employment with the Advisor or its Affiliates. During the period commencing on the date hereof through and ending one year following the Termination Date, the Company will not, whether for its own account or for the account of any other Person, intentionally interfere with the relationship of the Advisor or its Affiliates with, or endeavor to entice away from the Advisor or its Affiliates, any person who during the term of the Agreement is, or during the preceding one-year period, was a tenant, co-investor, co-developer, joint venturer or other customer of the Advisor or its Affiliates.
ARTICLE 18
MISCELLANEOUS
18.01 Notices . Any notice, report or other communication required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing unless some other method of giving such notice, report or other communication is required by the Charter, the Bylaws or is accepted by the party to whom it is given, and shall be given by being delivered by hand or by overnight mail or other overnight delivery service to the addresses set forth herein:
To the Board, the Company or the Operating Partnership: |
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. 110 East 59 th Street [ ] th Floor New York, New York 10022 |
|
To the Advisor: |
Rodin Global Property Advisors, LLC 110 East 59 th Street [ ] th Floor New York, New York 10022 |
Either party may at any time give notice in writing to the other party of a change in its address for the purposes of this Section 18.01 .
18.02 Modification . This Agreement shall not be changed, modified, terminated or discharged, in whole or in part, except by an instrument in writing signed by both parties hereto, or their respective successors or permitted assigns.
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18.03 Severability . The provisions of this Agreement are independent of and severable from each other, and no provision shall be affected or rendered invalid or unenforceable by virtue of the fact that for any reason any other or others of them may be invalid or unenforceable in whole or in part.
18.04 Construction . The provisions of this Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
18.05 Entire Agreement . This Agreement contains the entire agreement and understanding between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof, and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements, understandings, inducements and conditions, express or implied, oral or written, of any nature whatsoever with respect to the subject matter hereof. The express terms hereof control and supersede any course of performance and/or usage of the trade inconsistent with any of the terms hereof. This Agreement may not be modified or amended other than by an agreement in writing.
18.06 Waiver . Neither the failure nor any delay on the part of a party to exercise any right, remedy, power or privilege under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege preclude any other or further exercise of the same or of any other right, remedy, power or privilege, nor shall any waiver of any right, remedy, power or privilege with respect to any occurrence be construed as a waiver of such right, remedy, power or privilege with respect to any other occurrence. No waiver shall be effective unless it is in writing and is signed by the party asserted to have granted such waiver.
18.07 Interpretation . Words used herein regardless of the number and gender specifically used, shall be deemed and construed to include any other number, singular or plural, and any other gender, masculine, feminine or neuter, as the context requires.
18.08 Headings . The titles of Articles and Sections contained in this Agreement are for convenience only, and they neither form a part of this Agreement nor are they to be used in the construction or interpretation hereof.
18.09 Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original as against any party whose signature appears thereon, and all of which shall together constitute one and the same instrument. This Agreement shall become binding when one or more counterparts hereof, individually or taken together, shall bear the signatures of all of the parties reflected hereon as the signatories.
[Signature page follows.]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the date and year first above written.
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST, INC. | ||
By: |
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Name: | ||
Title: | ||
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. | ||
By: |
Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., its General Partner |
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By: |
|
|
Name: | ||
Title | ||
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY ADVISORS, LLC |
||
By: |
|
|
Name: | ||
Title: |
Solely in connection with the obligations set forth in Section 13 : | ||
CANTOR FITZGERALD INVESTORS, LLC | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
[Signature Page to Advisory Agreement]
Exhibit 10.3
FORM OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
OF
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, LP
A DELAWARE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
[], 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AGREEMENT |
1 | |||||
ARTICLE 1 DEFINED TERMS |
1 | |||||
ARTICLE 2 PARTNERSHIP FORMATION AND IDENTIFICATION |
15 | |||||
2.1 |
Formation | 15 | ||||
2.2 |
Name, Office and Registered Agent | 15 | ||||
2.3 |
Term and Dissolution | 16 | ||||
2.4 |
Filing of Certificate and Perfection of Limited Partnership | 16 | ||||
ARTICLE 3 BUSINESS OF THE PARTNERSHIP |
17 | |||||
ARTICLE 4 CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND ACCOUNTS |
17 | |||||
4.1 |
Capital Contributions | 17 | ||||
4.2 |
Additional Capital Contributions and Issuances of Additional Partnership Units. | 17 | ||||
4.3 |
Additional Funding | 19 | ||||
4.4 |
LTIP Units | 20 | ||||
4.5 |
Conversion of LTIP Units | 22 | ||||
4.6 |
Capital Accounts | 24 | ||||
4.7 |
No Interest on Contributions | 25 | ||||
4.8 |
Return of Capital Contributions | 25 | ||||
4.9 |
No Third Party Beneficiary | 25 | ||||
4.10 |
Redemption and Exchanges of REIT Shares | 26 | ||||
ARTICLE 5 PROFITS AND LOSSES; DISTRIBUTIONS |
26 | |||||
5.1 |
Allocation of Profit and Loss | 26 | ||||
5.2 |
Distribution of Cash | 30 | ||||
5.3 |
REIT Distribution Requirements | 31 | ||||
5.4 |
No Right to Distributions in Kind | 32 | ||||
5.5 |
Limitations on Return of Capital Contributions | 32 | ||||
5.6 |
Distributions Upon Liquidation | 32 | ||||
5.7 |
Substantial Economic Effect | 32 | ||||
ARTICLE 6 RIGHTS, OBLIGATIONS AND POWERS OF THE GENERAL PARTNER |
32 | |||||
6.1 |
Management of the Partnership | 32 | ||||
6.2 |
Delegation of Authority | 35 | ||||
6.3 |
Indemnification and Exculpation of Indemnitees | 35 | ||||
6.4 |
Liability of the General Partner | 37 | ||||
6.5 |
Reimbursement of General Partner | 38 | ||||
6.6 |
Outside Activities | 38 |
i
6.7 |
Employment or Retention of Affiliates | 38 | ||||
6.8 |
General Partner Participation | 39 | ||||
6.9 |
Title to Partnership Assets | 39 | ||||
6.10 |
No Duplication of Fees or Expenses | 39 | ||||
ARTICLE 7 CHANGES IN GENERAL PARTNER |
40 | |||||
7.1 |
Transfer of the General Partners Units | 40 | ||||
7.2 |
Admission of a Substitute or Additional General Partner | 40 | ||||
7.3 |
Effect of Bankruptcy, Withdrawal, Death or Dissolution of a General Partner. | 41 | ||||
7.4 |
Removal of a General Partner | 41 | ||||
ARTICLE 8 RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE LIMITED PARTNERS |
42 | |||||
8.1 |
Management of the Partnership | 42 | ||||
8.2 |
Power of Attorney | 42 | ||||
8.3 |
Limitation on Liability of Limited Partners | 43 | ||||
8.4 |
Ownership by Limited Partner of Corporate General Partner or Affiliate | 43 | ||||
8.5 |
Limited Partner Right of Redemption | 43 | ||||
8.6 |
Redemption of Special Limited Partnership Units | 45 | ||||
ARTICLE 9 TRANSFERS OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP UNITS |
46 | |||||
9.1 |
Purchase for Investment | 46 | ||||
9.2 |
Restrictions on Transfer of Limited Partnership Units | 47 | ||||
9.3 |
Admission of Substitute Limited Partner | 48 | ||||
9.4 |
Rights of Assignees of Partnership Units | 49 | ||||
9.5 |
Effect of Bankruptcy, Death, Incompetence or Termination of a Limited Partner. | 49 | ||||
9.6 |
Joint Ownership of Units | 50 | ||||
ARTICLE 10 BOOKS AND RECORDS; ACCOUNTING; TAX MATTERS |
50 | |||||
10.1 |
Books and Records | 50 | ||||
10.2 |
Custody of Partnership Funds; Bank Accounts | 50 | ||||
10.3 |
Fiscal and Taxable Year | 51 | ||||
10.4 |
Annual Tax Information and Report | 51 | ||||
10.5 |
Tax Matters Partner; Tax Elections; Special Basis Adjustments | 51 | ||||
10.6 |
Reports to Limited Partners | 52 | ||||
ARTICLE 11 AMENDMENT OF AGREEMENT |
52 | |||||
ARTICLE 12 GENERAL PROVISIONS |
53 | |||||
12.1 |
Notices | 53 | ||||
12.2 |
Survival of Rights | 53 | ||||
12.3 |
Additional Documents | 53 |
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12.4 |
Severability | 53 | ||||
12.5 |
Entire Agreement | 53 | ||||
12.6 |
Pronouns and Plurals | 54 | ||||
12.7 |
Headings | 54 | ||||
12.8 |
Counterparts | 54 | ||||
12.9 |
Governing Law | 54 | ||||
EXHIBIT A CONTRIBUTIONS & INTERESTS |
A-1 | |||||
EXHIBIT B NOTICE OF EXERCISE OF REDEMPTION RIGHT |
B-1 | |||||
EXHIBIT C NOTICE OF ELECTION BY PARTNER TO CONVERT LTIP UNITS INTO LIMITED PARTNERSHIP UNITS |
C-1 | |||||
EXHIBIT D NOTICE OF ELECTION BY PARTNERSHIP TO FORCE CONVERSION OF LTIP UNITS INTO LIMITED PARTNERSHIP UNITS |
D-1 |
iii
FORM OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
OF
RODIN GLOBAL PROPERTY TRUST OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, LP
This Limited Partnership Agreement (this Agreement ) is entered into this [] day of [], 2016 between Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the General Partner ), and the Limited Partners set forth on Exhibit A attached hereto, as amended from time to time. Capitalized terms used herein but not otherwise defined shall have the meanings given to such terms in Article 1.
AGREEMENT
WHEREAS, the General Partner intends to qualify as a real estate investment trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
WHEREAS, Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP (the Partnership ), was formed on [], 2016 as a limited partnership under the laws of the State of Delaware, pursuant to a Certificate of Limited Partnership filed with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on [], 2016; and
WHEREAS, the General Partner desires to conduct its current and future business through the Partnership.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing, of the mutual covenants between the parties hereto, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree that the Agreement is hereby entered into and adopted in its entirety as follows:
ARTICLE 1
DEFINED TERMS
The following defined terms used in this Agreement shall have the meanings specified below:
Act means the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act, as it may be amended from time to time.
Additional Funds has the meaning provided in Section 4.3 hereof.
Adjusted Capital Account means, with respect to any Partner, the Capital Account of such Partner as of the end of each Partnership Year (i) increased by any amounts which such Partner is obligated to restore pursuant to any provision of this Agreement or is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c) and the penultimate sentences of Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(g)(5) and (ii) decreased by the items described in Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(5) and 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii) (d)(6). The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account is intended to comply with the provisions of Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Adjusted Capital Account Deficit means, with respect to any Partner, the deficit balance, if any, in such Partners Adjusted Capital Account as of the end of the relevant Partnership Year.
Adjustment Event has the meaning provided in Section 4.4(b) hereof.
Administrative Expenses means (i) all administrative and operating costs and expenses incurred by the Partnership, (ii) those administrative costs and expenses of the General Partner, including any salaries or other payments to directors, officers or employees of the General Partner, and any accounting and legal expenses of the General Partner, which expenses, the Partners have agreed, are expenses of the Partnership and not the General Partner, and (iii) to the extent not included in clause (ii) above, REIT Expenses; provided, however, that Administrative Expenses shall not include any administrative costs and expenses incurred by the General Partner that are attributable to Properties or partnership interests in a Subsidiary Partnership that are owned by the General Partner directly.
Advisor or Advisors means the Person or Persons, if any, appointed, employed or contracted with by the Partnership and responsible for directing or performing the day-to-day business affairs of the Partnership, including any Person to whom such Advisor subcontracts substantially all of such functions.
Advisory Agreement means the agreement between the General Partner, the Advisor and the other parties named therein pursuant to which the Advisor will direct or perform the day-to-day business affairs of the General Partner.
Affiliate or Affiliated means, with respect to any Person, (i) any Person directly or indirectly owning, controlling or holding, with the power to vote, ten percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of such other Person; (ii) any Person ten percent or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled or held, with the power to vote, by such other Person; (iii) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such other Person; (iv) any executive officer, director, trustee or general partner of such other Person; and (v) any legal entity for which such Person acts as an executive officer, director, trustee or general partner. An entity shall not be deemed to control or be under common control with a program sponsored by the Sponsor unless (A) the entity owns ten percent or more of the voting equity interests of such program or (B) a majority of the board of directors of the General Partner (or equivalent governing body) of such program is composed of Affiliates of the entity.
Aggregate Share Ownership Limit has the meaning provided in the Articles of Incorporation.
Agreed Value means (i) in the case of any Contributed Property, the fair market value of such property as of the time of its contribution to the Partnership, reduced by any liabilities either assumed by the Partnership upon such contribution or to which such property is subject when contributed; and (ii) in the case of any property distributed to a Partner by the Partnership,
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the Partnerships Carrying Value of such property at the time such property is distributed, reduced by any indebtedness either assumed by such Partner upon such distribution or to which such property is subject at the time of distribution as determined under Section 752 of the Code and the Regulations thereunder.
Agreement means this Limited Partnership Agreement, as amended, modified supplemented or restated from time to time, as the context requires.
Applicable Percentage has the meaning provided in Section 8.5(b) hereof.
Articles of Incorporation means the Articles of Incorporation of the General Partner, as amended or restated from time to time, filed with the Maryland State Department of Assessments and Taxation.
Capital Account has the meaning provided in Section 4.6 hereof.
Capital Account Limitation has the meaning provided in Section 4.5(b) hereof.
Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Partner, the amount of money and the Agreed Value of Contributed Property which such Partner contributes or is deemed to contribute to the Partnership pursuant to Section 4.1 or 4.2 hereof. Any reference to the Capital Contribution of a Partner shall include the Capital Contribution made by a predecessor holder of the Partnership Unit of such Partner.
Carrying Value means, with respect to any asset, the assets adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes, except as follows:
(i) The initial Carrying Value of any asset contributed to the Partnership shall be the gross fair market value of such asset, as agreed by the Contributing Partner and the General Partner.
(ii) The Carrying Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective gross fair market values, as determined by the General Partner using such reasonable method of valuation as it may adopt immediately prior to the following events:
(a) the acquisition of an additional interest in the Partnership by any new or existing Partner in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution or the provision of services to or for the benefit of the Partnership, if the General Partner reasonably determines that such adjustment is necessary or appropriate to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners in the Partnership;
(b) the distribution by the Partnership to a Partner of more than a de minimis amount of property as consideration for an interest in the Partnership, if the General Partner reasonably determines that such adjustment is necessary or appropriate to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners in the Partnership;
(c) the liquidation of the Partnership within the meaning of Regulations Section 1.704- 1(b)(2)(ii)(g);
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(d) the grant of an interest in the Partnership (other than a de minimis interest) as consideration for the provision of services to or for the benefit of the Partnership by an existing Partner acting in a partner capacity, or by a new Partner acting in a partner capacity or in anticipation of becoming a Partner of the Partnership, if the General Partner reasonably determines that such adjustment is necessary or appropriate to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners in the Partnership; and
(e) at such other times as the General Partner shall reasonably deem necessary or advisable if permitted by, or required to comply with, Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b) and 1.704-2.
(iii) The Carrying Value of a Partnership asset distributed to a Partner shall be the gross fair market value of such asset on the date of distribution, as agreed by the distributee and the General Partner.
(iv) The Carrying Values of Partnership assets shall be adjusted to reflect any adjustments to the adjusted basis of such assets pursuant to Code Section 734(b) or 743(b), but only to the extent that such adjustments are taken into account in determining Capital Accounts pursuant to Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m); provided, however, that Carrying Values shall not be adjusted pursuant to this clause (iv) to the extent that the General Partner reasonably determines that an adjustment pursuant to clause (ii) above is necessary or appropriate in connection with a transaction that would otherwise result in an adjustment pursuant to this clause (iv).
(v) If the Carrying Values of a Partnership asset has been determined or adjusted pursuant to clause (i), (ii), or (iv) above, such Carrying Values shall thereafter be adjusted by Depreciation.
Cash Amount means an amount of cash equal to the lesser of (i) the Value of the REIT Shares Amount on the date of receipt by the General Partner of a Notice of Redemption or (ii) the applicable Redemption Price determined by the General Partner.
Certificate means any instrument or document that is required under the laws of the State of Delaware, or any other jurisdiction in which the Partnership conducts business, to be signed and sworn to by the Partners of the Partnership (either by themselves or pursuant to the power-of-attorney granted to the General Partner in Section 8.2 hereof) and filed for recording in the appropriate public offices within the State of Delaware or such other jurisdiction to perfect or maintain the Partnership as a limited partnership, to effect the admission, withdrawal, or substitution of any Partner of the Partnership, or to protect the limited liability of the Limited Partners as limited partners under the laws of the State of Delaware or such other jurisdiction.
Class means a class of REIT Shares or Partnership Units, as the context may require.
Class A REIT Shares means the REIT Shares classified as Class A shares in the Articles of Incorporation.
Class A Unit means a Common Unit entitling the holder thereof to the rights of a holder of a Class A Unit as provided in this Agreement.
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Class I REIT Shares means the REIT Shares classified as Class I shares in the Articles of Incorporation.
Class I Unit means a Common Unit entitling the holder thereof to the rights of a holder of a Class I Unit as provided in this Agreement.
Class T REIT Shares means the REIT Shares classified as Class T shares in the Articles of Incorporation.
Class T Unit means a Common Unit entitling the holder thereof to the rights of a holder of a Class T Unit as provided in this Agreement.
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto. Reference to any particular provision of the Code shall mean such provision as in effect from time to time, as the same may be amended, and any successor provision thereto, as interpreted by any applicable regulations as in effect from time to time.
Commission means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
Common Share Ownership Limit has the meaning provided in the Articles of Incorporation.
Common Unit means a fractional, undivided share of the Partnership Interests of all Partners issued pursuant to Article 4 hereof, including Class A Units, Class I Units and Class T Units, but does not include, unless otherwise provided herein for specific purposes, any Preferred Unit, Special Limited Partnership Unit, or any other Partnership Unit specified in a Partnership Unit Designation as being other than a Common Unit; provided, however, that the General Partner Interest and the Limited Partner Interests shall have the differences in rights and privileges as specified in this Agreement.
Constituent Person has the meaning provided in Section 4.5 hereof.
Contributed Property means each property or other asset contributed to the Partnership, in such form as may be permitted by the Act, but excluding cash contributed or deemed contributed to the Partnership.
Conversion Date has the meaning provided in Section 4.5(c) hereof.
Conversion Factor means 1.0, provided that in the event that the General Partner (i) declares or pays a dividend on its outstanding REIT Shares wholly or partly in REIT Shares or makes a distribution to all holders of its outstanding REIT Shares wholly or partly in REIT Shares, (ii) subdivides its outstanding REIT Shares, or (iii) combines its outstanding REIT Shares into a smaller number of REIT Shares, the Conversion Factor shall be adjusted by multiplying the Conversion Factor by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of REIT Shares issued and outstanding on the record date for such dividend, distribution, subdivision or combination (assuming for such purposes that such dividend, distribution, subdivision or combination has occurred as of such time), and the denominator of which shall be the actual number of REIT Shares (determined without the above assumption) issued and
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outstanding on such date and, provided further, that in the event that an entity other than an Affiliate of the General Partner shall become General Partner pursuant to any merger, consolidation or combination of the General Partner with or into another entity (the Successor Entity ), the Conversion Factor shall be adjusted by multiplying the Conversion Factor by the number of shares of the Successor Entity into which one REIT Share is converted pursuant to such merger, consolidation or combination, determined as of the date of such merger, consolidation or combination. Any adjustment to the Conversion Factor shall become effective immediately after the effective date of such event retroactive to the record date, if any, for such event; provided, however, that if the General Partner receives a Notice of Redemption after the record date, but prior to the effective date of such dividend, distribution, subdivision or combination, the Conversion Factor shall be determined as if the General Partner had received the Notice of Redemption immediately prior to the record date for such dividend, distribution, subdivision or combination.
Conversion Notice means the Notice of Election by Partner to Convert LTIP Units into Limited Partnership Units substantially in the form attached as Exhibit C hereto.
Conversion Right has the meaning provided in Section 4.5(a) hereof.
Defaulting Limited Partner has the meaning provided in Section 5.2(c) hereof.
Depreciation means, for each fiscal year, an amount equal to the federal income tax depreciation, amortization, or other cost recovery deduction allowable with respect to an asset for such year, except that if the Carrying Value of an asset differs from its adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes at the beginning of such year or other period, Depreciation shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such beginning Carrying Value as the federal income tax depreciation, amortization, or other cost recovery deduction for such year bears to such beginning adjusted tax basis; provided, however, that if the federal income tax depreciation, amortization, or other cost recovery deduction for such year is zero, Depreciation shall be determined with reference to such beginning Carrying Value using any reasonable method selected by the General Partner.
Director means a member of the board of directors of the General Partner.
Distribution Fees shall have the meaning provided in the Companys Prospectus.
Economic Capital Account Balance has the meaning provided in Section 5.1(e) hereof.
Event of Bankruptcy as to any Person, means the filing of a petition for relief as to such Person as debtor or bankrupt under the Bankruptcy Code of 1978 or similar provision of law of any jurisdiction (except if such petition is contested by such Person and has been dismissed within 90 days); insolvency or bankruptcy of such Person as finally determined by a court proceeding; filing by such Person of a petition or application to accomplish the same or for the appointment of a receiver or a trustee for such Person or a substantial part of its assets; commencement of any proceedings relating to such Person as a debtor under any other reorganization, arrangement, insolvency, adjustment of debt or liquidation law of any jurisdiction, whether now in existence or hereinafter in effect, either by such Person or by another, provided that if such proceeding is commenced by another, such Person indicates its approval of such proceeding, consents thereto or acquiesces therein, or such proceeding is contested by such Person and has not been finally dismissed within 90 days.
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Excepted Holder Limit has the meaning provided in the Articles of Incorporation.
Exchanged REIT Shares has the meaning provided in Section 4.10(b) hereof.
Forced Conversion has the meaning provided in Section 4.5(d) hereof.
Forced Conversion Notice means the Notice of Election by Partnership to Force Conversion of LTIP Units Into Limited Partnership Units substantially in the form attached as Exhibit D hereto.
General Partner means Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation, and any Person who becomes a substitute or additional General Partner as provided herein, and any of their successors as General Partner.
General Partner Loan has the meaning provided in Section 5.2(c) hereof.
General Partner Interest means the entire Partnership Interest held by a General Partner hereof, which Partnership Interest may be expressed as a number of Common Units, Preferred Units or any other Partnership Units.
Indemnitee means (i) any Person made a party to a proceeding by reason of its status as the General Partner or a director, officer or employee of the General Partner or the Partnership, and (ii) such other Persons (including Affiliates of the General Partner or the Partnership) as the General Partner may designate from time to time, in its sole and absolute discretion.
Independent Directors means a Director who is not on the date of determination, and within the last two years from the date of determination has not been, directly or indirectly associated and has not been associated with the Sponsor of the General Partner or the Advisor by virtue of (i) ownership of an interest in the Sponsor, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates, other than the General Partner, (ii) employment by the Sponsor, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates, (iii) service as an officer or director of the Sponsor, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates, (iv) performance of services, other than as a Director, for the General Partner, (v) service as a director or trustee of more than REITs organized by the Sponsor or advised by the Advisor, or (vi) maintenance of a material business or professional relationship with the Sponsor, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates. A business or professional relationship is considered material if the aggregate gross income derived by the Director from the Sponsor, the Advisor and their Affiliates exceeds five percent of either the Directors annual gross income during either of the last two years or the Directors net worth on a fair market value basis. An indirect association with the Sponsor of the General Partner or the Advisor shall include circumstances in which a Directors spouse, parent, child, sibling, mother- or father-in-law, son- or daughter-in-law or brother- or sister-in-law is or has been associated with the Sponsor, the Advisor, any of their Affiliates or the General Partner.
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Investments means all investments by the Partnership in Properties, Loans and all other investments (other than short-term investments acquired for purposes of cash management) in which the Partnership may acquire an interest, either directly or indirectly, including through ownership interests in a Joint Venture, pursuant to the Articles of Incorporation, the bylaws of the General Partner or the investment objectives and policies adopted by the board of directors of the General Partner from time to time.
Joint Venture means those joint venture, limited liability company, partnership or other entity arrangements in which the Partnership is a co-venturer or general partner established to acquire or hold one or more Investments.
Junior Share means a share of capital stock of the General Partner now or hereafter authorized or reclassified that has dividend rights, or rights upon liquidation, winding up and dissolution, that are inferior or junior to the REIT Shares.
Limited Partner means any Person named as a Limited Partner on Exhibit A attached hereto (including, as applicable, the General Partner), as such exhibit may be amended and restated from time to time, and any Person who becomes a Substitute Limited Partner, in such Persons capacity as a Limited Partner in the Partnership.
Limited Partner Interest means a Partnership Interest of a Limited Partner in the Partnership representing a fractional part of the Partnership Interests of all Limited Partners and includes any and all benefits to which the holder of such a Partnership Interest may be entitled as provided in this Agreement, together with all obligations of such Person to comply with the terms and provisions of this Agreement. A Limited Partner Interest may be expressed as a number of Common Units, Preferred Units or other Partnership Units.
Limited Partnership Unit means a Limited Partnership Interest designated as a Common Unit.
Liquidating Capital Gains has the meaning provided in Section 5.1(e) hereof.
Listing means the listing of the REIT Shares on a national securities exchange. Upon such Listing, the REIT Shares shall be deemed Listed .
Loans means mortgage loans and other types of debt financing investments made by the Partnership, either directly or indirectly, including through ownership interests in a Joint Venture, including, without limitation, mezzanine loans, B-notes, bridge loans, convertible debt, wraparound mortgage loans, construction mortgage loans, loans on leasehold interests, and participations in such loans.
LTIP Unit means a Limited Partnership Interest which is designated as an LTIP Unit and which has the rights, preferences and other privileges designated in Section 4.4 hereof and elsewhere in this Agreement in respect of holders of LTIP Units. The allocation of LTIP Units among the Partners shall be set forth on Exhibit A , as may be amended from time to time.
LTIP Holder means a Partner that holds LTIP Units.
New Securities means (i) any rights, options, warrants, or convertible or exchangeable securities having the right to subscribe for or purchase REIT Shares or Preferred Shares, excluding Preferred Shares and Junior Shares or (ii) any debt issued by the General Partner that provides any of the rights described in (i).
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Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning provided in Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(1), and the amount of Nonrecourse Deductions for a Partnership Year shall be determined in accordance with the rules of Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).
Nonrecourse Liability has the meaning provided in Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(3).
Notice has the meaning provided in Section 10.5(d) hereof.
Notice of Redemption means the Notice of Exercise of Redemption Right substantially in the form attached as Exhibit B hereto.
Offering means any offering and sale of REIT Shares registered for sale to the public in accordance with applicable federal and state securities laws.
Partner means any General Partner or Limited Partner.
Partner Minimum Gain means an amount, with respect to each Partner Nonrecourse Debt, equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such Partner Nonrecourse Debt were treated as a Nonrecourse Liability, determined in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
Partner Nonrecourse Debt has the meaning provided in Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4).
Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means an amount, with respect to each Partner Nonrecourse Debt, equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such Partner Nonrecourse Debt were treated as a Nonrecourse Liability, determined in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
Partner Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning provided in Regulations Sections 1.704-2(i)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(2), and the amount of Partner Nonrecourse Deductions with respect to a Partner Nonrecourse Debt for a Partnership Year shall be determined in accordance with Regulations Sections 1.704-2(i)(2).
Partnership means Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP, a Delaware limited partnership.
Partnership Interest means an ownership interest in the Partnership held by either a Limited Partner or a General Partner and includes any and all benefits to which the holder of such a Partnership Interest may be entitled as provided in this Agreement, together with all obligations of such Person to comply with the terms and provisions of this Agreement. There may be one or more classes or series of Partnership Interests. A Partnership Interest may be expressed as a number of Common Units, Preferred Units or other Partnership Units.
Partnership Loan has the meaning provided in Section 5.2(c) hereof.
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Partnership Minimum Gain has the meaning provided in Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d), and the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain, as well as any net increase or decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain, for a Partnership Year shall be determined in accordance with the rules of Regulations Section 1.704-2(d).
Partnership Record Date means the record date established by the General Partner for the distribution of cash pursuant to Section 5.2 hereof, which record date generally shall be the same as the record date established by the General Partner for a distribution to its stockholders of some or all of its portion of the distribution.
Partnership Unit means a Common Unit, a Preferred Unit, a Special Limited Partnership Unit, an LTIP Unit or any other unit of a fractional, undivided share of the Partnership Interests that the General Partner has authorized pursuant to Article 4 hereof, including Class A Units, Class I Units and Class T Units; provided, however, that Partnership Units comprising a General Partner Interest or a Limited Partner Interest shall have the differences in rights and privileges as specified in this Agreement.
Partnership Unit Economic Balance has the meaning provided in Section 5.1(e) hereof.
Partnership Year means the fiscal year of the Partnership, which shall be the calendar year.
Percentage Interest means the percentage determined by dividing the number of Common Units of a Partner by the sum of the Common Units of all Partners.
Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, estate, trust (including a trust qualified under Sections 401(a) or 501(c) (17) of the Code), a portion of a trust permanently set aside for or to be used exclusively for the purposes described in Section 642(c) of the Code, association, private foundation within the meaning of Section 509(a) of the Code, joint stock company or other entity and also includes a group as that term is used for purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act and a group to which an Excepted Holder Limit applies.
Preferred Shares means a share of capital stock of the General Partner now or hereafter authorized or reclassified that has dividend rights, or rights upon liquidation, winding up and dissolution, that are superior or prior to REIT Shares.
Preferred Unit means a fractional, undivided share of the Partnership Interests that has distribution rights, or rights upon liquidation, winding up and dissolution, that are superior or prior to the Common Units that the General Partner has authorized pursuant to Section 4.2 hereof.
Profit and Loss means, for each Partnership Year or other applicable period, an amount equal to the Partnerships taxable income or loss for such Partnership Year, determined in accordance with Code Section 703(a) (for this purpose, all items of income, gain, loss, or deduction required to be stated separately pursuant to Code Section 703(a)(1) shall be included in taxable income or loss), with the following adjustments:
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(i) Any income of the Partnership that is exempt from federal income tax and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profit and Loss pursuant to this definition of Profit and Loss shall be added to such taxable income or loss;
(ii) Any expenditures of the Partnership described in Code Section 705(a)(2)(B) or treated as Code Section 705(a)(2)(B) expenditures pursuant to Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(i) and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profit or Loss pursuant to this definition of Profit and Loss shall be subtracted from such taxable income or loss;
(iii) In the event the Carrying Value of any Partnership asset is adjusted pursuant to subparagraphs (ii) or (iii) of the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of such adjustment shall be taken into account as gain or loss from the disposition of such asset for purposes of computing Profit and Loss;
(iv) Gain or loss resulting from any disposition of Partnership Property with respect to which gain or loss is recognized for federal income tax purposes shall be computed by reference to the Carrying Value of the property disposed of, notwithstanding that the adjusted tax basis of such property differs from its Carrying Value;
(v) In lieu of the depreciation, amortization, and other cost recovery deductions taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss, there shall be taken into account Depreciation for such Partnership Year or other period;
(vi) To the extent an adjustment to the adjusted tax basis of any Partnership asset pursuant to Code Section 734(b) or Section 743(b) is required pursuant to Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv) to be taken into account in determining Capital Accounts as a result of a distribution other than in liquidation of a Partners interest in the Partnership, the amount of such adjustment shall be treated as an item of gain (if the adjustment increases the basis of the asset) or loss (if the adjustment decreases the basis of the asset) from the disposition of the asset and shall be taken into account for purposes of computing Profit or Loss; and
(vii) Notwithstanding any other provision of this definition of Profit and Loss , any items that are specially allocated pursuant to Section 5.1(c), 5.1(d), or 5.1(e) hereof shall not be taken into account in computing Profits or Losses. The amounts of the items of Partnership income, gain, loss, or deduction available to be specially allocated pursuant to Sections 5.1(c) and 5.1(d) hereof shall be determined by applying rules analogous to those set forth in subparagraphs (i) through (vi) above.
Property or Properties means, as the context requires, any or all Real Property or properties acquired by the Partnership, either directly or indirectly, through Joint Venture arrangements or other partnership or investment interests.
Prospectus means the most recent prospectus relating to an Offering as such prospectus may be amended or supplemented from time to time.
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Qualifying Party means (a) a Person who is admitted to the Partnership pursuant to Section 4.2 or Section 4.4 and who is shown as such on the books and records of the Partnership, (b) a transferee in a permitted Transfer or (c) a Substitute Limited Partner succeeding to all or part of the Limited Partnership Unit of a Person that meets one of the foregoing criteria in (a) or (b).
Real Property means land, rights in land (including leasehold interests) and any buildings, structures improvements, furnishings fixtures and equipment located on or used in connection with land and rights in interests in land.
Recapture Income means any gain recognized by the Partnership (computed without regard to any adjustment required by Section 743 of the Code) upon the disposition of any property or asset of the Partnership, which gain is characterized as ordinary income because it represents the recapture of deductions previously taken with respect to such property or asset.
Received REIT Shares has the meaning provided in Section 8.7(b) hereof.
Redemption has the meaning provided in Section 8.5(a) hereof.
Redemption Price means the Value of the REIT Shares Amount on the date of receipt by the General Partner of a Notice of Redemption multiplied by any discount determined by the General Partner, including but not limited to, any discount based upon the combined number of years that the applicable Partner has held the Partnership Units offered for redemption.
Redemption Right has the meaning provided in Section 8.5(a) hereof.
Regulations means the Federal income tax regulations promulgated under the Code, as amended and as hereafter amended from time to time. Reference to any particular provision of the Regulations shall mean that provision of the Regulations on the date hereof and any successor provision of the Regulations.
REIT means a real estate investment trust under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code.
REIT Expenses means (i) costs and expenses relating to the formation and continuity of existence and operation of the General Partner and any Subsidiaries thereof (which Subsidiaries shall, for purposes hereof, be included within the definition of General Partner), including taxes, fees and assessments associated therewith, any and all costs, expenses or fees payable to any director, officer, or employee of the General Partner, (ii) costs and expenses relating to any public offering and registration of securities by the General Partner and all statements, reports, fees and expenses incidental thereto, including, without limitation, underwriting discounts and selling commissions applicable to any such offering of securities, and any costs and expenses associated with any claims made by any holders of such securities or any underwriters or placement agents thereof, (iii) costs and expenses associated with any repurchase of any securities by the General Partner, (iv) costs and expenses associated with the preparation and filing of any periodic or other reports and communications by the General Partner under federal, state or local laws or regulations, including filings with the Commission, (v) costs and expenses associated with compliance by the General Partner with laws, rules and regulations promulgated by any regulatory body, including the Commission and any securities exchange, (vi) costs and expenses associated with any 401(k) plan, incentive plan, bonus plan or other plan
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providing for compensation for the employees of the General Partner, (vii) costs and expenses incurred by the General Partner relating to any issuing or redemption of Partnership Units, and (viii) all other operating or administrative costs of the General Partner incurred in the ordinary course of its business on behalf of or in connection with the Partnership.
REIT Share means a common share of beneficial ownership in the General Partner (or successor entity, as the case may be), including Class A REIT Shares, Class I REIT Shares and Class T REIT Shares.
REIT Shares Amount means, with respect to Tendered Units of a Class, a number of REIT Shares of the corresponding REIT Share Class equal to the product of the number of Partnership Units of such Class offered for exchange by a Tendering Party, multiplied by the Conversion Factor as adjusted to and including the Specified Redemption Date; provided that in the event the General Partner issues to all holders of REIT Shares rights, options, warrants or convertible or exchangeable securities entitling the stockholders to subscribe for or purchase REIT Shares, or any other securities or property (collectively, the rights), and the rights have not expired at the Specified Redemption Date, then the REIT Shares Amount shall also include the rights issuable to a holder of the REIT Shares.
REIT Transaction has the meaning provided in Section 7.1(b) hereof.
Related Party means, with respect to any Person, any other Person whose ownership of shares of the General Partners capital stock would be attributed to the first such Person under Code Section 544 (as modified by Code Section 856(h)(1)(B)).
Restriction Notice has the meaning provided in Section 8.5(c)(vi) hereof.
Sale or Sales means (i) any transaction or series of transactions whereby: (A) the Partnership, directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition), sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any Investment or portion thereof, including the lease of any Property consisting of a building only, and including any event with respect to any Investment that gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards, and including the issuance by one of the Companys subsidiaries of any asset backed securities or collateralized debt obligations as part of a securitization transaction; (B) the Partnership, directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition), sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of all or substantially all of the interest of the Partnership in any Joint Venture in which it is a co-venturer or partner; (C) any Joint Venture in which the Partnership is a co-venturer or partner directly or indirectly (except as described in in other subsections of this definition), sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any Investment or portion thereof, including any event with respect to any Investment that gives rise to insurance proceeds or condemnation awards, and including the issuance by such a Joint Venture or one of its subsidiaries of any asset backed securities or collateralized debt obligations as part of a securitization transaction; (D) the Partnership directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, conveys or relinquishes its interest in any Investment or portion thereof, including any payments thereunder or in satisfaction thereof (other than regularly scheduled interest payments) or any amounts owed pursuant to such Investment, and including any event with
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respect to any Investment which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or similar awards; or (E) the Partnership directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any other Investments or Properties not previously described in this definition or any portion thereof, but (ii) not including any transaction or series of transactions specified in clause (i) (A) through (E) above in which the proceeds of such transaction or series of transactions are reinvested by the Partnership in one or more Assets within 180 days thereafter.
Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto. Reference to any provision of the Securities Act shall mean such provision as in effect from time to time, as the same may be amended, and any successor provision thereto, as interpreted by any applicable regulations as in effect from time to time.
Special Limited Partner means the holder of Special Limited Partnership Units.
Special Limited Partnership Unit means Partnership Units designated as Special Limited Partnership Units issued pursuant to Section 4.2(d) with the rights and obligations provided under this Agreement.
Specified Redemption Date means the first business day of the month that is at least sixty (60) business days after the receipt by the General Partner of a Notice of Redemption.
Sponsor means any Person which (i) is directly or indirectly instrumental in organizing, wholly or in part, the General Partner, (ii) will control, manage or participate in the management of the General Partner, (iii) takes the initiative, directly or indirectly, in founding or organizing the General Partner, either alone or in conjunction with one or more other Persons, (iv) receives a material participation in the General Partner in connection with the founding or organizing of the business of the General Partner, in consideration of services or property, or both services and property, (v) has a substantial number of relationships and contacts with the General Partner, (vi) possesses significant rights to control Properties, (vii) receives fees for providing services to the General Partner which are paid on a basis that is not customary in the industry or (vii) provides goods or services to the General Partner on a basis which was not negotiated at arms-length with the General Partner. Sponsor does not include any Person whose only relationship with the General Partner is that of an independent property manager and whose only compensation is as such, or wholly independent third parties such as attorneys, accountants and underwriters whose only compensation is for professional services.
Subsequent Liquidity Event has the meaning provided in Section 8.6(b) hereof.
Subsidiary means, with respect to any Person, any corporation or other entity of which a majority of (i) the voting power of the voting equity securities or (ii) the outstanding equity interests is owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person.
Subsidiary Partnership means any partnership of which the partnership interests therein are owned by the General Partner or a direct or indirect subsidiary of the General Partner.
Substitute Limited Partner means any Person admitted to the Partnership as a Limited Partner pursuant to Section 9.3 hereof.
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Tax Matters Partner has the meaning provided in Section 10.5(a) hereof.
Tendered Units has the meaning provided in Section 8.5(a) hereof.
Tendering Party has the meaning provided in Section 8.5(a) hereof.
Termination Event means the termination or nonrenewal of the Advisory Agreement (i) in connection with a merger, sale of assets or transaction involving the General Partner pursuant to which a majority of the Directors then in office are replaced or removed, (ii) by the Advisor for good reason (as defined in the Advisory Agreement) or (iii) by the General Partner other than for cause (as defined in the Advisory Agreement).
Transaction has the meaning provided in Section 4.5(g) hereof.
Transfer has the meaning provided in Section 9.2(a) hereof.
Unvested LTIP Units has the meaning provided in Section 4.4(d) hereof.
Value means for each Class of REIT Shares, the fair market value per share of that Class of REIT Shares, as determined by the General Partner in good faith taking into account (i) if REIT Shares of that Class are Listed, the average closing price per share for the previous thirty (30) business days, (ii) if REIT Shares of that Class are not Listed, the most recently published net asset value per share or share equivalent of REIT Shares of that Class, and (iii) if REIT Shares of that Class are not Listed or if no net asset value has been published for REIT Shares of that Class, such price per REIT Share of that Class as the management of the General Partner determines in good faith.
Vested LTIP Units has the meaning provided in Section 4.4(d) hereof.
Vesting Agreement means each or any, as the context implies, Long Term Incentive Plan (LTIP) Vesting Agreement entered into by a LTIP Holder upon acceptance of an award of LTIP Units.
ARTICLE 2
PARTNERSHIP FORMATION AND IDENTIFICATION
2.1 Formation.
The Partnership was formed as a limited partnership pursuant to the Act, and all other pertinent laws of the State of Delaware, for the purposes and upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.
2.2 Name, Office and Registered Agent.
The name of the Partnership is Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP. The specified office and place of business of the Partnership shall be [ ]. The General Partner may at any time change the location of such office, provided the General Partner gives notice to the Partners of any such change. The name and address of the Partnerships registered agent is [ , Delaware]. The sole duty of the registered agent as such is to forward to the Partnership any notice that is served on it as registered agent.
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2.3 Term and Dissolution.
(a) The term of the Partnership shall continue in full force and effect until dissolved upon the first to occur of any of the following events:
(i) the occurrence of an Event of Bankruptcy as to a General Partner or the dissolution, death, removal or withdrawal of a General Partner unless the business of the Partnership is continued pursuant to Section 7.3(b) hereof; provided that if a General Partner is on the date of such occurrence a partnership, the dissolution of such General Partner as a result of the dissolution, death, withdrawal, removal or Event of Bankruptcy of a partner in such partnership shall not be an event of dissolution of the Partnership if the business of such General Partner is continued by the remaining partner or partners, either alone or with additional partners, and such General Partner and such partners comply with any other applicable requirements of this Agreement;
(ii) the passage of ninety (90) days after the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Partnership (provided that if the Partnership receives an installment obligation as consideration for such sale or other disposition, the Partnership shall continue, unless sooner dissolved under the provisions of this Agreement, until such time as such note or notes are paid in full); or
(iii) the election by the General Partner that the Partnership should be dissolved.
(b) Upon dissolution of the Partnership (unless the business of the Partnership is continued pursuant to Section 7.3(b) hereof), the General Partner (or its trustee, receiver, successor or legal representative) shall amend or cancel any Certificate(s) and liquidate the Partnerships assets and apply and distribute the proceeds thereof in accordance with Section 5.6 hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the liquidating General Partner may either (i) defer liquidation of, or withhold from distribution for a reasonable time, any assets of the Partnership (including those necessary to satisfy the Partnerships debts and obligations), or (ii) distribute the assets to the Partners in kind.
2.4 Filing of Certificate and Perfection of Limited Partnership.
The General Partner shall execute, acknowledge, record and file at the expense of the Partnership, any and all amendments to the Certificate(s) and all requisite fictitious name statements and notices in such places and jurisdictions as may be necessary to cause the Partnership to be treated as a limited partnership under, and otherwise to comply with, the laws of each state or other jurisdiction in which the Partnership conducts business.
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ARTICLE 3
BUSINESS OF THE PARTNERSHIP
The purpose and nature of the business to be conducted by the Partnership is (i) to conduct any business that may be lawfully conducted by a limited partnership organized pursuant to the Act, provided, however, that such business shall be limited to and conducted in such a manner as to permit the General Partner at all times to qualify as a REIT, unless the General Partner otherwise ceases to qualify as a REIT, and in a manner such that the General Partner will not be subject to any taxes under Section 857 (except with regards to capital gains that the Partnership retains) or 4981 of the Code, or taxation as a corporation as a result of being classified as a publicly traded partnership pursuant to Section 7704 of the Code, (ii) to enter into any partnership, joint venture or other similar arrangement to engage in any of the foregoing or the ownership of interests in any entity engaged in any of the foregoing and (iii) to do anything necessary or incidental to the foregoing. In connection with the foregoing, and without limiting the General Partners right in its sole and absolute discretion to qualify or cease qualifying as a REIT, the Partners acknowledge that the General Partner intends to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes and that such qualification and the avoidance of income and excise taxes on the General Partner inures to the benefit of all the Partners and not solely to the General Partner. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Limited Partners agree that the General Partner may terminate its status as a REIT under the Code at any time to the full extent permitted under the Articles of Incorporation. The General Partner on behalf of the Partnership shall also be empowered to do any and all acts and things necessary or prudent to ensure that the Partnership will not be classified as a publicly traded partnership that is taxable as a corporation under Section 7704 of the Code.
ARTICLE 4
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND ACCOUNTS
4.1 Capital Contributions.
The Partners have heretofore made Capital Contributions to the Partnership. In addition, the Special Limited Partner made a Capital Contribution to the Partnership in exchange for Special Limited Partnership Units. Each Partner owns Partnership Units in the amount set forth for such Partner on Exhibit A and shall have a Percentage Interest in the Partnership as set forth in Exhibit A , as the same may be amended from time to time by the General Partner to the extent necessary to reflect accurately sales, exchanges or other Transfers, redemptions, Capital Contributions, the issuance of additional Partnership Units, or similar events having an effect on a Partners ownership of Partnership Units.
4.2 Additional Capital Contributions and Issuances of Additional Partnership Units.
Except as provided in this Section 4.2 or in Section 4.3 or applicable law, the Partners shall have no right or obligation to make any additional Capital Contributions or loans to the Partnership.
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(a) The General Partner is hereby authorized to cause the Partnership to issue additional Partnership Units for any Partnership purpose at any time or from time to time to the Partners (including the General Partner) or to other Persons for such consideration and on such terms and conditions as shall be established by the General Partner in its sole and absolute discretion, all without the approval of any Limited Partner. Any additional Partnership Units issued thereby may be issued in one or more Classes (including the Classes specified in this Agreement), or one or more series of any of such Classes, with such designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, powers and duties, all as shall be determined by the General Partner in its sole and absolute discretion and without the approval of any Limited Partner, subject to Delaware law, including, without limitation, (i) the allocations of items of Partnership income, gain, loss, deduction and credit to each such Class or series of Partnership Units; (ii) the right of each such Class or series of Partnership Units to share in Partnership distributions; and (iii) the rights of each such Class or series of Partnership Units upon dissolution and liquidation of the Partnership. Without limiting the foregoing, the General Partner is expressly authorized to cause the Partnership to issue Partnership Units for less than fair market value, so long as the General Partner concludes in good faith that such issuance is in the best interests of the General Partner and the Partnership. In the event that the Partnership issues additional Partnership Units pursuant to this Section 4.2(a), the General Partner shall make such revisions to this Agreement as it deems necessary to reflect the issuance of such additional Partnership Units.
(b) No additional Partnership Units shall be issued to the General Partner unless (i) the additional Partnership Units are issued to all Partners in proportion to their respective Percentage Interests with respect to the class of Partnership Units so issued; (ii) (a) the additional Partnership Units are (x) Partnership Units so issued in connection with an issuance of REIT Shares, or (y) Partnership Units issued in connection with an issuance of Preferred Shares, New Securities or other interests in the General Partner (other than REIT Shares), which Preferred Shares, New Securities or other interests have designations, preferences and other rights, terms and provisions that are substantially the same as the designations, preferences and other rights, terms and provisions of the additional Partnership Units issued to the General Partner (without limiting the foregoing, for example, the Partnership shall issue Partnership Interests consisting of Class A Units to the General Partner in connection with the issuance of Class A REIT Shares and shall issue Partnership Interests consisting of Class I Units to the General Partner in connection with the issuance of Class I REIT Shares and shall issue Partnership Interests consisting of Class T Units to the General Partner in connection with the issuance of Class T REIT Shares), and (b) the General Partner contributes to the Partnership the cash proceeds or other consideration received in connection with the issuance of such REIT Shares, Preferred Shares, New Securities or other interests in the General Partner, or (iii) the Additional Partnership Units are issued upon the conversion, redemption or exchange of debt, Partnership Units or other securities issued by the Partnership.
(c) The General Partner shall not issue any additional REIT Shares, Preferred Shares, Junior Shares or New Securities unless the General Partner contributes the cash proceeds or other consideration received from the issuance of such additional REIT Shares, Preferred Shares, Junior Shares or New Securities, as the case may be, and from the exercise of the rights contained in any such additional New Securities, to the Partnership in exchange for (x) in the case of an issuance of REIT Shares, Partnership Units (without limiting the foregoing, for example, the Partnership shall issue Partnership Interests consisting of Class A Units to the General Partner in connection with the issuance of Class A REIT Shares and shall issue
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Partnership Interests consisting of Class T Units to the General Partner in connection with the issuance of Class T REIT Shares), or (y) in the case of an issuance of Preferred Shares, Junior Shares or New Securities, Partnership Units with designations, preferences and other rights, terms and provisions that are substantially the same as the designations, preferences and other rights, terms and provisions of such Preferred Shares, Junior Shares or New Securities; provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner may issue REIT Shares, Preferred Shares, Junior Shares or New Securities (a) pursuant to Section 8.5(b) hereof, (b) pursuant to a dividend or distribution (including any stock split) of REIT Shares, Preferred Shares, Junior Shares, or New Securities to all of the holders of REIT Shares, Preferred Shares, Junior Shares or New Securities, as the case may be, (c) upon a conversion, redemption or exchange of Preferred Shares, (d) upon a conversion of Junior Shares into REIT Shares, (e) upon a conversion, redemption, exchange or exercise of New Securities, or (f) in connection with an acquisition of a property or other asset to be owned, directly or indirectly, by the General Partner if the General Partner determines that such acquisition is in the best interest of the Partnership. In the event of any issuance of additional REIT Shares, Preferred Shares, Junior Shares, or New Securities by the General Partner, and the contribution to the Partnership, by the General Partner, of the cash proceeds or other consideration received from such issuance, if the cash proceeds actually received by the General Partner are less than the gross proceeds of such issuance as a result of any underwriters discount or other expenses paid or incurred in connection with such issuance, then the General Partner shall be deemed to have made a Capital Contribution to the Partnership in the amount equal to the sum of the cash proceeds of such issuance plus the amount of such underwriters discount and other expenses paid by the General Partner (which discount and expense shall be treated as an expense for the benefit of the Partnership), and any such expenses shall be allocable solely to the Class of Partnership Units issued to the General Partner at such time.
(d) The Partnership issued Special Limited Partnership Units to an Affiliate of the Advisor in exchange for the cash contribution reflected on Exhibit A hereto and for services performed or to be performed for the Partnership and its Subsidiaries, and admitted such Person as the Special Limited Partner. The Special Limited Partner shall be entitled to certain distributions as provided in Section 5.2 and certain preferential allocations of items of income and gain under Section 5.1. The Special Limited Partnership Units will be subject to the transfer restrictions set forth in Article 9 and will be subject to redemption pursuant to Section 8.6.
4.3 Additional Funding.
If the General Partner determines that it is in the best interests of the Partnership to provide for additional Partnership funds ( Additional Funds ) for any Partnership purpose, the General Partner may (i) cause the Partnership to obtain such funds from outside borrowings or (ii) elect to have the General Partner or any of its Affiliates provide such Additional Funds to the Partnership through loans or otherwise, provided, however, that the Partnership may not borrow money from its Affiliates, unless a majority of the Directors of the General Partner (including a majority of Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in such transaction approve the transaction as being fair, competitive, and commercially reasonable and no less favorable to the Partnership than loans between unaffiliated parties under the same circumstances.
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4.4 LTIP Units.
(a) The General Partner may from time to time issue LTIP Units to Persons who provide services to the Partnership, for such consideration as the General Partner may determine to be appropriate, and admit such Persons as Limited Partners. Subject to the following provisions of this Section and the special provisions of Sections 4.5, 5.1(e), and 8.6, LTIP Units shall be treated as Limited Partnership Units, with all of the rights, privileges and obligations attendant thereto. For purposes of computing the Partners Percentage Interests, LTIP Units shall be treated as Common Units.
(b) The Partnership shall maintain at all times a one-to-one correspondence between LTIP Units and Limited Partnership Units for conversion, distribution and other purposes, including without limitation complying with the following procedures: If an Adjustment Event (as defined below) occurs, then the General Partner shall make a corresponding adjustment to the LTIP Units to maintain a one-for-one conversion and economic equivalence ratio between Limited Partnership Units and LTIP Units. The following shall be Adjustment Events: (A) the Partnership makes a distribution on all outstanding Limited Partnership Units, (B) the Partnership subdivides the outstanding Limited Partnership Units into a greater number of interests or combines the outstanding Limited Partnership Units into a smaller number of interests, or (C) the Partnership issues any Limited Partnership Units or General Partnership Units in exchange for its outstanding Limited Partnership Units by way or reclassification or recapitalization of its Limited Partnership Units. If more than one Adjustment Event occurs, the adjustment to the LTIP Units need be made only once using a single formula that takes into account each and every Adjustment Event as if all Adjustment Events occurred simultaneously. For the avoidance of doubt, the following shall not be Adjustment Events: (x) the issuance of Limited Partnership Units or General Partnership Units in a financing, reorganization, acquisition or other similar business transaction, (y) the issuance of Limited Partnership Units or General Partnership Units to any employee benefit or compensation plan or distribution reinvestment plan, or (z) the issuance of any Limited Partnership Units or General Partnership Units to the General Partner in respect of a capital contribution to the Partnership of proceeds from the sale of securities by the General Partner. If the Partnership takes an action affecting the Limited Partnership Units other than actions specifically described above as Adjustment Events and in the opinion of the General Partner such action would require an adjustment to the LTIP Units to maintain the one-to-one correspondence described above, the General Partner shall have the right to make such adjustment to the LTIP Units, to the extent permitted by law, in such manner and at such time as the General Partner, in its sole discretion, may determine to be appropriate under the circumstances. If an adjustment is made to the LTIP Units as herein provided the Partnership shall promptly file in the books and records of the Partnership an officers certificate setting forth such adjustment and a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment, which certificate shall be conclusive evidence of the correctness of such adjustment absent manifest error. Promptly after filing of such certificate, the Partnership shall mail a notice to each LTIP Holder setting forth the adjustment to its LTIP Units and the effective date of such adjustment.
(c) The LTIP Units shall rank pari passu with the Limited Partnership Units as to (i) the payment of regular and special periodic or other distributions and, (ii) provided that the Capital Accounts of the LTIP Units have been equalized with those of the Limited Partnership
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Units pursuant to the special allocations contemplated by Section 5.1(e), distributions of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up. As to the payment of distributions and as to distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, any class or series of Partnership Units which by its terms specifies that it shall rank junior to, on parity with, or senior to the Limited Partnership Units shall also rank junior to, or pari passu with, or senior to, as the case may be, the LTIP Units.
(d) LTIP Units shall be subject to the following special provisions:
(i) LTIP Units may, in the sole discretion of the General Partner, be issued subject to vesting, forfeiture and additional restrictions on transfer pursuant to the terms of a Vesting Agreement. The terms of any Vesting Agreement may be modified by the General Partner from time to time in its sole discretion, subject to any restrictions on amendment imposed by the relevant Vesting Agreement, if applicable. LTIP Units that have vested under the terms of a Vesting Agreement are referred to as Vested LTIP Units; all other LTIP Units shall be treated as Unvested LTIP Units . Subject to the terms of any Vesting Agreement, a LTIP Holder shall be entitled to Transfer its LTIP Units to the same extent, and subject to the same restrictions as holders of Limited Partnership Units are entitled to Transfer their Limited Partnership Units pursuant to Article 9.
(ii) Unless otherwise specified in the Vesting Agreement, upon the occurrence of any event specified in a Vesting Agreement as resulting in either the right of the Partnership or the General Partner to repurchase LTIP Units at a specified purchase price or some other forfeiture of any LTIP Units, then if the Partnership or the General Partner exercises such right to repurchase or forfeiture in accordance with the applicable Vesting Agreement, then the relevant LTIP Units shall immediately, and without further action, be treated as cancelled and no longer outstanding for any purpose. Unless otherwise specified in the Vesting Agreement, no consideration or other payment shall be due with respect to any LTIP Units that have been forfeited, other than any distributions declared with respect to a Partnership Record Date prior to the effective date of the forfeiture. In connection with any repurchase or forfeiture of LTIP Units, the balance of the portion of the Capital Account of the holder that is attributable to all of its LTIP Units shall be reduced by the amount, if any, by which it exceeds the target balance contemplated by Section 5.1(e), calculated with respect to the holders remaining LTIP Units, if any.
(iii) LTIP Units shall generally be treated as Limited Partnership Units for purposes of Article 5, but shall also be entitled to certain special allocations of gain under Section 5.1(e).
(iv) The Redemption Right provided to Limited Partners under Section 8.5 shall not apply with respect to LTIP Units unless and until they are converted to Limited Partnership Units as provided in Section 4.5.
(v) Any certificate evidencing an LTIP Unit shall bear an appropriate legend indicating that additional terms, conditions and restrictions on Transfer, including without limitation any Vesting Agreement, apply to the LTIP Unit.
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(vi) Vested LTIP Units are eligible to be converted into Limited Partnership Units under Section 4.5.
4.5 Conversion of LTIP Units.
(a) An LTIP Holder shall have the right (the Conversion Right ), at its option, at any time to convert all or a portion of its Vested LTIP Units into Limited Partnership Units; provided, however, that an LTIP Holder may not exercise the Conversion Right for fewer than one thousand (1,000) Vested LTIP Units or, if such LTIP Holder holds fewer than one thousand (1,000) Vested LTIP Units, all of the LTIP Holders Vested LTIP Units. LTIP Holders shall not have the right to convert Unvested LTIP Units into Limited Partnership Units until they become Vested LTIP Units; provided, however, that when a LTIP Holder is notified of the expected occurrence of an event that will cause its Unvested LTIP Units to become Vested LTIP Units, such Person may give the Partnership a Conversion Notice conditioned upon and effective as of the time of vesting, and such Conversion Notice, unless subsequently revoked by the LTIP Holder, shall be accepted by the Partnership subject to such condition. The General Partner shall have the right at any time to cause a conversion of Vested LTIP Units into Limited Partnership Units. In all cases, the conversion of any LTIP Units into Limited Partnership Units shall be subject to the conditions and procedures set forth in this Section 4.5.
(b) A holder of Vested LTIP Units may convert such interests into an equal number of fully paid and non-assessable Limited Partnership Units, giving effect to all adjustments (if any) made pursuant to Section 4.4(b). Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event may a holder of Vested LTIP Units convert an amount of Vested LTIP Units that exceeds (x) the Economic Capital Account Balance of such holder, to the extent attributable to its ownership of LTIP Units, divided by (y) the Partnership Unit Economic Balance, in each case as determined as of the effective date of conversion (the Capital Account Limitation ).
(c) In order to exercise its Conversion Right, a LTIP Holder shall deliver a notice (a Conversion Notice ) to the Partnership (with a copy to the General Partner) not less than 10 nor more than 60 days prior to a date (the Conversion Date ) specified in such Conversion Notice; provided, however, that if the General Partner has not given to the LTIP Holders notice of a proposed or upcoming Transaction (as defined below) at least thirty (30) days prior to the effective date of such Transaction, then the LTIP Holders shall have the right to deliver a Conversion Notice until the earlier of (x) the tenth (10 th ) day after such notice from the General Partner of a Transaction or (y) the third business day immediately preceding the effective date of such Transaction. A Conversion Notice shall be provided in the manner provided in Section 12.1. Each LTIP Holder covenants and agrees with the Partnership that all Vested LTIP Units to be converted pursuant to this Section 4.5 shall be free and clear of all liens. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, a LTIP Holder may deliver a Redemption Notice pursuant to Section 8.5 relating to those Limited Partnership Units that will be issued to such holder upon conversion of such LTIP Units into Limited Partnership Units in advance of the Conversion Date; provided, however, that the redemption of such Limited Partnership Units by the Partnership shall in no event take place until after the Conversion Date. For clarity, it is noted that the objective of this paragraph is to put an LTIP Holder in a position where, if he or she so wishes, the Limited Partnership Units into which its Vested LTIP Units will be converted can be redeemed by the Partnership simultaneously with such conversion, with the further
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consequence that, if the General Partner elects to assume the Partnerships redemption obligation with respect to such Limited Partnership Units under Section 8.5 by delivering to such holder REIT Shares rather than cash, then such holder can have REIT Shares issued to it simultaneously with the conversion of its Vested LTIP Units into Limited Partnership Units. The General Partner shall cooperate with an LTIP Holder to coordinate the timing of the different events described in the foregoing sentence.
(d) The Partnership, at any time at the election of the General Partner, may cause any number of Vested LTIP Units held by an LTIP Holder to be converted (a Forced Conversion ) into an equal number of Limited Partnership Units, giving effect to all adjustments (if any) made pursuant to Section 4.4(b); provided, that the Partnership may not cause a Forced Conversion of any LTIP Units that would not at the time be eligible for conversion at the option of such LTIP Holder pursuant to paragraph (b) above. In order to exercise its right of Forced Conversion, the Partnership shall deliver a notice (a Forced Conversion Notice ) to the applicable holder not less than 10 nor more than 60 days prior to the Conversion Date specified in such Forced Conversion Notice. A Forced Conversion Notice shall be provided in the manner provided in Section 12.1.
(e) A conversion of Vested LTIP Units for which a holder has given a Conversion Notice or the Partnership has given a Forced Conversion Notice shall occur automatically after the close of business on the applicable Conversion Date without any action on the part of such LTIP Holder, as of which time such LTIP Holder shall be credited on the books and records of the Partnership with the issuance as of the opening of business on the next day of an equal number of Limited Partnership Units issuable upon such conversion. After the conversion of LTIP Units as aforesaid, the Partnership shall deliver to such LTIP Holder, upon its written request, a certificate of the General Partner certifying its Limited Partnership Units and remaining LTIP Units, if any, immediately after such conversion.
(f) For purposes of making future allocations under Section 5.1(e) and applying the Capital Account Limitation, the portion of the Economic Capital Account balance of the applicable holder that is treated as attributable to its LTIP Units shall be reduced, as of the date of conversion, by the product of the number of LTIP Units converted and the Limited Partnership Unit Economic Balance.
(g) If the Partnership or the General Partner shall be a party to any transaction (including without limitation a merger, consolidation, interest exchange, self tender offer for all or substantially all Limited Partnership Units or other business combination or reorganization, or sale of all or substantially all of the Partnerships assets, but excluding any transaction which constitutes an Adjustment Event), in each case as a result of which Limited Partnership Units shall be exchanged for or converted into the right, or the holders of such interests shall otherwise be entitled, to receive cash, securities or other property or any combination thereof (each of the foregoing being referred to herein as a Transaction ), then the General Partner shall, immediately prior to the Transaction, exercise its right to cause a Forced Conversion with respect to the LTIP Units then eligible for conversion, taking into account any allocations that occur in connection with the Transaction or that would occur in connection with the Transaction if the assets of the Partnership were sold at the Transaction price or, if applicable, at a value determined by the General Partner in good faith using the value attributed to the Partnership Units in the context of the Transaction (in which case the Conversion Date shall be the effective date of the Transaction).
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In anticipation of such Forced Conversion and the consummation of the Transaction, the Partnership shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause each LTIP Holder to be afforded the right to receive in connection with such Transaction in consideration for the Limited Partnership Units into which its LTIP Units will be converted into the same kind and amount of cash, securities, and other property (or any combination thereof) receivable upon the consummation of such transaction by a holder of the same number of Limited Partnership Units, assuming such holder of Limited Partnership Units is not a Person with which the Partnership consolidated or into with the Partnership merged or which merged into the Partnership or to which such sale or transfer was made, as the case may be (a Constituent Person ), or an affiliate of a Constituent Person. In the event that holders of Limited Partnership Units have the opportunity to elect the form or type of consideration to be received upon consummation of the Transaction, prior to such Transaction the General Partner shall give prompt written notice to each LTIP Holder of such election and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to afford such holders the right to elect, by written notice to the General Partner, the form or type of consideration to be received upon conversion of the LTIP Units held by such holder into Limited Partnership Units in connection with such Transaction. If an LTIP Holder fails to make such an election, such LTIP Holder (and any of its transferees) shall receive upon conversion of the LTIP Units held by it (or by any of its transferees) the same kind and amount of consideration that a holder of Limited Partnership Units would receive if such holder of Limited Partnership Units failed to make such an election.
Subject to the rights of the Partnership and the General Partner under any Vesting Agreement, the Partnership shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the terms of the Transaction to be consistent with the provisions of this Section 4.5 and to enter into an agreement with the successor or purchasing entity, as the case may be, for the benefit of any LTIP Holders whose LTIP Units will not be converted into Limited Partnership Units in connection with the Transaction that will (i) contain provisions enabling the LTIP Holders with outstanding LTIP Units after such Transaction to convert their LTIP Units into securities as comparable as reasonably possible under the circumstances to Limited Partnership Units and (ii) preserve as far as reasonably possible under the circumstances the distribution, special allocation, conversion, and other rights set forth in the Agreement for the benefit of LTIP Holders.
4.6 Capital Accounts.
(a) The Partnership shall maintain for each Partner a separate Capital Account in accordance with the rules of Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). Each Partners Capital Account shall be increased by (i) the amount of such Partners Capital Contributions and (ii) Profit allocated to such Partner and all items of Partnership income and gain allocated to such Partner pursuant to Sections 5.1(c), 5.1(d) and 5.1(e) and decreased by (x) the amount of cash or Agreed Value of all actual and deemed distributions of cash or property made to such Partner pursuant to this Agreement and (y) Loss allocated to such Partner and all items of Partnership deduction and loss allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.1(c).
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(b) In the event any interest in the Partnership is Transferred in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the transferred interest.
(c) The provisions of the Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Regulations Section 1.704-1(b), and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such Regulations. In the event the General Partner shall determine that it is prudent to modify the manner in which the Capital Accounts, or any debits or credits thereto (including, without limitation, debits or credits relating to liabilities which are secured by contributed or distributed property or which are assumed by the Partnership, the General Partner, or the Limited Partners) are computed in order to comply with such Regulations, the General Partner may make such modification, provided that it is not likely to have a material effect on the amounts distributable to any Person upon the dissolution of the Partnership. The General Partner also shall (i) make any adjustments that are necessary or appropriate to maintain equality between the Capital Accounts of the Partners and the amount of Partnership capital reflected on the Partnerships balance sheet, as computed for book purposes, in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(g) and (ii) make appropriate modifications in the event that unanticipated events might otherwise cause this Agreement not to comply with Regulations Section 1.704-1(b) or 1.704-2.
4.7 No Interest on Contributions.
No Partner shall be entitled to interest on its Capital Contribution.
4.8 Return of Capital Contributions.
No Partner shall be entitled to withdraw any part of its Capital Contribution or its Capital Account or to receive any distribution from the Partnership, except as specifically provided in this Agreement. Except as otherwise provided herein, there shall be no obligation to return to any Partner or withdrawn Partner any part of such Partners Capital Contribution for so long as the Partnership continues in existence.
4.9 No Third Party Beneficiary.
No creditor or other third party having dealings with the Partnership shall have the right to enforce the right or obligation of any Partner to make Capital Contributions or loans or to pursue any other right or remedy hereunder or at law or in equity, it being understood and agreed that the provisions of this Agreement shall be solely for the benefit of, and may be enforced solely by, the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns. None of the rights or obligations of the Partners herein set forth to make Capital Contributions or loans to the Partnership shall be deemed an asset of the Partnership for any purpose by any creditor or other third party, nor may such rights or obligations be sold, transferred or assigned by the Partnership or pledged or encumbered by the Partnership to secure any debt or other obligation of the Partnership or of any of the Partners. In addition, it is the intent of the parties hereto that no distribution to any Limited Partner shall be deemed a return of money or other Property in violation of the Act. However, if any court of competent jurisdiction holds that, notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, any Limited Partner is obligated to return such money or
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Property, such obligation shall be the obligation of such Limited Partner and not of the General Partner. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, a deficit Capital Account of a Partner shall not be deemed to be a liability of such Partner nor an asset or Property of the Partnership.
4.10 Redemption and Exchanges of REIT Shares.
(a) Redemptions. If, at any time, any shares of capital stock of the General Partner are redeemed by the General Partner for cash, the Partnership shall, immediately prior to such redemption, redeem an equal number of equivalent Partnership Units (taking into account any relevant Conversion Factor for that Class of Partnership Units) held by the General Partner that have the same Class designation as the redeemed REIT Shares upon the same terms and for the same price per Partnership Unit as such Capital Shares are redeemed.
(b) Exchanges. If the General Partner exchanges any REIT Shares of any Class ( Exchanged REIT Shares ) for REIT Shares of a different Class ( Received REIT Shares ), then the General Partner shall, and shall cause the Partnership to, exchange a number of Partnership Units having the same Class designation as the Exchanged REIT Shares, as determined based on the application of the Conversion Factor for that Class of Partnership Units, for Partnership Units having the same Class designation as the Received REIT Shares on the same terms that the General Partner exchanged the Exchanged REIT Shares. The exchange of Partnership Units shall occur automatically after the close of business on the applicable date of the exchange of REIT Shares, as of which time the holder of Class of Partnership Units having the same designation as the Exchanged REIT Shares shall be credited on the books and records of the Partnership with the issuance, as of the opening of business on the next day, of the applicable number of Partnership Units having the same designation as the Received REIT Shares.
ARTICLE 5
PROFITS AND LOSSES; DISTRIBUTIONS
5.1 Allocation of Profit and Loss.
Profit and Loss of the Partnership shall be determined and allocated with respect to each Partnership Year as of the end of each such year, provided that the General Partner may in its discretion allocate Profit and Loss for a shorter period as of the end of such period (and, for purposes of this Article 5, references to the term Partnership Year may include such shorter periods).
(a) Profit.
After giving effect to the special allocations in Sections 5.1(c), 5.1(d) and 5.1(e), Profit of the Partnership for each Partnership Year or other applicable period of the Partnership shall be allocated to the Partners in the following order and priority:
(i) Profit shall be allocated to the General Partner, including, as applicable, with respect to Limited Partner Interests held by the General Partner, until the cumulative Profit allocated to the General Partner pursuant to this Section 5.1(a)(i) equals the cumulative Loss allocated to the General Partner pursuant to Section 5.1(b)(ii).
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(ii) Profit shall be allocated to the Partners (other than the Special Limited Partner) in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
(b) Loss.
After giving effect to the special allocations in Sections 5.1(c), 5.1(d), 5.1(e) and 5.1(h), Loss of the Partnership for each Partnership Year or other applicable period of the Partnership shall be allocated to the Partners in the following order and priority:
(i) Loss shall be allocated to the Partners (other than the Special Limited Partner) in accordance with their Percentage Interests, provided that Loss shall not be allocated to a Partner pursuant to this Section 5.1(b)(i) to the extent that such allocation would cause or increase an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit at the end of any fiscal year.
(ii) Loss shall be allocated to the General Partner.
(c) Special Allocations. The following regulatory allocations shall be made in the following order and priority:
(i) Minimum Gain Chargeback. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 5.1 of the Agreement, if there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain during any Partnership Year, each Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to such Partners share of the net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain, as determined under Regulations Section 1.704-2(g). Allocations pursuant to the previous sentence shall be made in proportion to the respective amounts required to be allocated to each Partner pursuant thereto. The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-2(f)(6). This Section 5.1(c)(i) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in Regulations Section 1.704-2(f) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(ii) Partner Minimum Gain Chargeback. Notwithstanding any other provision of Section 5.1 of this Agreement, if there is a net decrease in Partner Minimum Gain attributable to a Partner Nonrecourse Debt during any Partnership Year, each Partner who has a share of the Partner Minimum Gain attributable to such Partner Nonrecourse Debt, determined in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(5), shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to such Partners share of the net decrease in Partner Minimum Gain attributable to such Partner Nonrecourse Debt, determined in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(5). Allocations pursuant to the previous sentence shall be made in proportion to the respective amounts required to be allocated to each Partner pursuant thereto. The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(4). This Section 5.1(c)(ii) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirement in Regulations Section 1.704-2(i) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(iii) Qualified Income Offset. In the event any Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations or distributions described in Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(5), or 1.704-I(b)(2)(ii)(d)(6) and such Partner has an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit, items of Partnership income and gain (consisting of a pro rata
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portion of each item of Partnership income, including gross income and gain for the Partnership Year) shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate, to the extent required by the Regulations, its Adjusted Capital Account Deficit created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as quickly as possible. This Section 5.1(c)(iii) is intended to constitute a qualified income offset under Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(iv) No Excess Deficit. To the extent that any Partner has or would have, as a result of an allocation of Net Loss (or item thereof), an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit, such amount of Net Loss (or item thereof) shall be allocated to the other Partners in accordance with Section 5.1(b), but in a manner which will not produce an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit as to such Partners. To the extent such allocation would result in all Partners having Adjusted Capital Account Deficits, such Net Loss (or item thereof) shall be allocated to the General Partner.
(v) Nonrecourse Deductions. Nonrecourse Deductions for any Partnership Year shall be allocated to the Partners (other than the Special Limited Partner) in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests. If the General Partner determines in its good faith discretion that the Partnerships Nonrecourse Deductions must be allocated in a different ratio to satisfy the safe harbor requirements of the Regulations promulgated under Section 704(b) of the Code, the General Partner is authorized, upon notice to the Limited Partners, to revise the prescribed ratio for such Partnership Year to the numerically closest ratio which would satisfy such requirements.
(vi) Partner Nonrecourse Deductions. Any Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any Partnership Year shall be specially allocated to the Partner who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the Partner Nonrecourse Debt to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(4) and 1.704-2(i).
(vii) Code Section 754 Adjustments. To the extent an adjustment to the adjusted tax basis of any Partnership asset pursuant to Section 734(b) or 743(b) of the Code is required, pursuant to Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m), to be taken into account in determining Capital Accounts, the amount of such adjustment to the Capital Accounts shall be treated as an item of gain (if the adjustment increases the basis of the asset) or loss (if the adjustment decreases such basis), and such item of gain or loss shall be specially allocated to the Partners in a manner consistent with the manner in which their Capital Accounts are required to be adjusted pursuant to such section of the Regulations.
(d) Priority Allocations to the Special Limited Partner. Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 5.1(a) and 5.1(b) above, the Special Limited Partner shall be allocated on a priority basis items of income or gain, including, without limitation, items of gain from a Sale (including but not limited to net capital gain realized in connection with the adjustment to the Carrying Value of Partnership assets under Section 704(b) of the Code) on a cumulative basis pursuant to this Section 5.1(d) in an amount equal to the amount of distributions made (or in connection with a Sale or winding up or liquidation of the Partnership, to be made) to such Partner.
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(e) Special Allocations Regarding LTIP Units. Subject to the terms of any Partnership Units ranking senior to the LTIP Units with respect to return of capital or any preferential or priority return, any Liquidating Capital Gains shall first be allocated to the LTIP Holders until the Economic Capital Account Balances of such holders, to the extent attributable to their ownership of LTIP Units, are equal to (i) the Partnership Unit Economic Balance, multiplied by (ii) the number of LTIP Units; provided that no such Liquidating Capital Gains will be allocated with respect to any particular LTIP Unit unless and to the extent that the Partnership Unit Economic Balance exceeds the Partnership Unit Economic Balance in existence at the time such LTIP Unit was issued. For this purpose, Liquidating Capital Gains means net capital gains realized in connection with the actual or hypothetical sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Partnership, including but not limited to net capital gain realized in connection with an adjustment to the Carrying Value of the Partnership assets under Section 704(b) of the Code. The Economic Capital Account Balances of the LTIP Holders will be equal to their Capital Account balances, plus the amount of their shares of any Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain or Partnership Minimum Gain, in either case to the extent attributable to their ownership of LTIP Units. Similarly, the Partnership Unit Economic Balance shall mean (i) the Capital Account Balance of the General Partner, plus the amount of the General Partners share of any Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain or Partnership Minimum Gain, in either case to the extent attributable to the General Partners ownership of Partnership Units and computed on a hypothetical basis after taking into account all allocations through the date on which any allocation is made under this Section 5.1(e), divided by (ii) the number of General Partners Partnership Units. Any such allocations shall be made among the LTIP Holders in proportion to the amounts required to be allocated to each under this Section 5.1(e). The parties agree that the intent of this Section 5.1(e) is to make the Capital Account balance associated with each LTIP Unit to be economically equivalent to the Capital Account balance associated with the Partnership Units (on a per-Unit basis), but only if and to the extent the Capital Account balance associated with the General Partners Partnership Units has increased on a per-Unit basis since the issuance of the relevant LTIP Unit.
(f) Recapture Income. Any gain allocated to the Partners upon the sale or other taxable disposition of any Partnership asset shall, to the extent possible after taking into account other required allocations of gain pursuant to Section 5.1(c), be characterized as Recapture Income in the same proportions and to the same extent as such Partners have been allocated any deductions directly or indirectly giving rise to the treatment of such gains as Recapture Income.
(g) Allocations Between Transferor and Transferee. If a Partner transfers any part or all of its Partnership Unit or if Percentage Interests vary during a Partnership Year, the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, shall determine which method authorized under the Code and the Regulations shall be used to allocate the distributive shares.
(h) Special Allocations of Class-Specific Items. To the extent that any items of income, gain, loss or deduction of the General Partner are allocable to a specific Class or Classes of REIT Shares as provided in the Prospectus, including, without limitation, the Distribution Fees, such items, or an amount equal thereto, shall be specially allocated to the Class or Classes of Partnership Units corresponding to such Class or Classes of REIT Shares.
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(i) Allocations for Tax Purposes. All allocations for federal income tax purposes shall be consistent with all allocations in this Section 5.1, except as otherwise required by Section 704(c) of the Code and Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4). The General Partner shall have the authority to elect the method to be used by the Partnership for allocating items of income, gain, and expense as required by Section 704(c) of the Code including a method that may result in a Partner receiving a disproportionately larger share of the Partnership tax depreciation deductions, and such election shall be binding on all Partners.
(j) Revisions to Allocations to Reflect Issuance of Additional Partnership Units. In the event that the Partnership issues additional Partnership Units to the General Partner or any Additional Limited Partner pursuant to Article 4 hereof, the General Partner shall make such revisions to this Section 5.1 as it deems necessary to reflect the terms of the issuance of such additional Partnership Units, including making preferential allocations to classes of Partnership Units that are entitled thereto. Such revisions shall not require the consent or approval of any other Partner.
5.2 Distribution of Cash.
(a) The Partnership shall distribute cash on a quarterly (or, at the election of the General Partner, more frequent) basis, in an amount determined by the General Partner in its sole and absolute discretion, to the Partners who are Partners on the Partnership Record Date with respect to such quarter (or other distribution period) in accordance with Section 5.2(b).
(b) Except for distributions pursuant to Section 5.6 in connection with the dissolution and liquidation of the Partnership and subject to the provisions of Sections 5.2(c), 5.2(d), 5.3 and 5.5, all distributions of cash shall be made (i) first, 100% to the Partners (other than Special Limited Partner) in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests on the Partnership Record Date until the Partners (other than the Special Limited Partner) have received cumulative distributions under this Section 5.2(b) equal to the aggregate Capital Contributions made by the Partners (other than the Special Limited Partner) to the Partnership plus a cumulative, noncompounded pre-tax rate of return thereon of 6.00% per annum, determined by taking into account the dates on which all such Capital Contributions and distributions were made and (ii) second, (A) 85% to the Partners (other than the Special Limited Partner), in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests on the Partnership Record Date and (B) 15% to the Special Limited Partner. In applying this Section 5.2(b), and notwithstanding anything to the contrary above, the amount distributed per Class T Partnership Unit shall be reduced by the allocable share of the Distribution Fees payable by the General Partner with respect to the Class T REIT Shares with respect to such record date (or prior record dates to the extent the aggregate Distribution Fees payable with respect to the prior record dates exceeds the aggregate reduction in distributions with respect to such periods).
(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the General Partner is authorized to take any action that it determines to be necessary or appropriate to cause the Partnership to comply with any withholding requirements established under the Code or any other federal, state or local law including, without limitation, pursuant to Sections 1441, 1442, 1445, 1446, 1471, 1472 and 3406 of the Code. To the extent that the Partnership is required to withhold and pay over to any taxing authority any amount resulting from the allocation or
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distribution of income to any Partner or assignee (including by reason of Section 1446 of the Code), either (i) if the actual amount to be distributed to the Partner equals or exceeds the amount required to be withheld by the Partnership, the amount withheld shall be treated as a distribution of cash in the amount of such withholding to such Partner, or (ii) if the actual amount to be distributed to the Partner is less than the amount required to be withheld by the Partnership, the actual amount shall be treated as a distribution of cash in the amount of such withholding and the additional amount required to be withheld shall be treated as a loan (a Partnership Loan ) from the Partnership to the Partner on the day the Partnership pays over such amount to a taxing authority. A Partnership Loan shall be repaid through withholding by the Partnership with respect to subsequent distributions to the applicable Partner or assignee. In the event that a Limited Partner (a Defaulting Limited Partner ) fails to pay any amount owed to the Partnership with respect to the Partnership Loan within fifteen (15) days after demand for payment thereof is made by the Partnership on the Limited Partner, the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, may elect to make the payment to the Partnership on behalf of such Defaulting Limited Partner. In such event, on the date of payment, the General Partner shall be deemed to have extended a loan (a General Partner Loan ) to the Defaulting Limited Partner in the amount of the payment made by the General Partner and shall succeed to all rights and remedies of the Partnership against the Defaulting Limited Partner as to that amount. Without limitation, the General Partner shall have the right to receive any distributions that otherwise would be made by the Partnership to the Defaulting Limited Partner until such time as the General Partner Loan has been paid in full, and any such distributions so received by the General Partner shall be treated as having been received by the Defaulting Limited Partner and immediately paid to the General Partner.
Any amounts treated as a Partnership Loan or a General Partner Loan pursuant to this Section 5.2(c) shall bear interest at the lesser of (i) the base rate on corporate loans at large United States money center commercial banks, as published from time to time in The Wall Street Journal , or (ii) the maximum lawful rate of interest on such obligation, such interest to accrue from the date the Partnership or the General Partner, as applicable, is deemed to extend the loan until such loan is repaid in full.
(d) In the event that the Partnership issues additional Partnership Units to the General Partner or any Additional Limited Partner pursuant to Article 4 hereof, the General Partner shall make such revisions to this Section 5.2 as it deems necessary to reflect the issuance of such additional Partnership Units.
5.3 REIT Distribution Requirements.
The General Partner shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Partnership to distribute amounts sufficient to enable the General Partner to make stockholder distributions that will allow the General Partner to (i) meet its distribution requirement for qualification as a REIT as set forth in Section 857 of the Code and (ii) avoid any federal income or excise tax liability imposed by the Code.
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5.4 No Right to Distributions in Kind.
No Partner shall be entitled to demand Property other than cash in connection with any distributions by the Partnership.
5.5 Limitations on Return of Capital Contributions.
Notwithstanding any of the provisions of this Article 5, no Partner shall have the right to receive, and the General Partner shall not have the right to make, a distribution that includes a return of all or part of a Partners Capital Contributions, unless after giving effect to the return of a Capital Contribution, the sum of all Partnership liabilities, other than the liabilities to a Partner for the return of its Capital Contribution, does not exceed the fair market value of the Partnerships assets.
5.6 Distributions Upon Liquidation.
Upon liquidation of the Partnership, after payment of, or adequate provision for, debts and obligations of the Partnership, including any Partner loans, any remaining assets of the Partnership shall be distributed to all Partners in accordance with their Capital Accounts. To the extent deemed advisable by the General Partner, appropriate arrangements (including the use of a liquidating trust) may be made to assure that adequate funds are available to pay any contingent debts or obligations.
5.7 Substantial Economic Effect.
It is the intent of the Partners that the allocations of Profit and Loss under this Agreement have substantial economic effect (or be consistent with the Partners interests in the Partnership in the case of the allocation of losses attributable to nonrecourse debt) within the meaning of Section 704(b) of the Code as interpreted by the Regulations promulgated pursuant thereto. Article 5 and other relevant provisions of this Agreement shall be interpreted in a manner consistent with such intent.
ARTICLE 6
RIGHTS, OBLIGATIONS AND
POWERS OF THE GENERAL PARTNER
6.1 Management of the Partnership.
(a) Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, the General Partner shall have full, complete and exclusive discretion to manage and control the business of the Partnership for the purposes herein stated, and shall make all decisions affecting the business and assets of the Partnership. Subject to the restrictions specifically contained in this Agreement, the powers of the General Partner shall include, without limitation, the authority to take the following actions on behalf of the Partnership:
(i) to acquire, purchase, own, operate, lease and dispose of any Investments that the General Partner determines are necessary or appropriate or in the best interests of the business of the Partnership;
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(ii) to construct buildings and make other improvements on any owned or leased Properties that the General Partner determines necessary or appropriate or in the best interests of the business of the Partnership;
(iii) to authorize, issue, sell, redeem or otherwise purchase any Partnership Units or any securities (including secured and unsecured debt obligations of the Partnership, debt obligations of the Partnership convertible into any Class or series of Partnership Units, or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to any Partnership Units) of the Partnership;
(iv) to borrow or lend money for the Partnership, issue or receive evidences of indebtedness in connection therewith, refinance, increase the amount of, modify, amend or change the terms of, or extend the time for the payment of, any such indebtedness, and secure such indebtedness by mortgage, deed of trust, pledge or other lien on the Partnerships assets;
(v) to pay, either directly or by reimbursement, for all operating costs and general administrative expenses of the Partnership to third parties or to the General Partner or its Affiliates as set forth in this Agreement;
(vi) to guarantee or become a co-maker of indebtedness of the General Partner or any Subsidiary thereof, refinance, increase the amount of, modify, amend or change the terms of, or extend the time for the payment of, any such guarantee or indebtedness, and secure such guarantee or indebtedness by mortgage, deed of trust, pledge or other lien on the Partnerships assets;
(vii) to use assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, cash on hand) for any purpose consistent with this Agreement, including, without limitation, payment, either directly or by reimbursement, of all operating costs and general administrative expenses of the General Partner, the Partnership or any Subsidiary of either, to third parties or to the General Partner as set forth in this Agreement;
(viii) to lease all or any portion of any of the Partnerships assets, whether or not the terms of such leases extend beyond the termination date of the Partnership and whether or not any portion of the Partnerships assets so leased are to be occupied by the lessee, or, in turn, subleased in whole or in part to others, for such consideration and on such terms as the General Partner may determine;
(ix) to prosecute, defend, arbitrate, or compromise any and all claims or liabilities in favor of or against the Partnership, on such terms and in such manner as the General Partner may reasonably determine, and similarly to prosecute, settle or defend litigation with respect to the Partners, the Partnership, or the Partnerships assets;
(x) to file applications, communicate, and otherwise deal with any and all governmental agencies having jurisdiction over, or in any way affecting, the Partnerships assets or any other aspect of the Partnership business;
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(xi) to make or revoke any election permitted or required of the Partnership by any taxing authority;
(xii) to maintain such insurance coverage for public liability, fire and casualty, and any and all other insurance for the protection of the Partnership, for the conservation of Partnership assets, or for any other purpose convenient or beneficial to the Partnership, in such amounts and such types, as it shall determine from time to time;
(xiii) to determine whether or not to apply any insurance proceeds for any Property to the restoration of such Property or to distribute the same;
(xiv) to establish one or more divisions of the Partnership, to hire and dismiss employees of the Partnership or any division of the Partnership, and to retain legal counsel, accountants, consultants, real estate brokers, and such other persons, as the General Partner may deem necessary or appropriate in connection with the Partnership business and to pay therefor such remuneration as the General Partner may deem reasonable and proper;
(xv) to retain other services of any kind or nature in connection with the Partnership business, and to pay therefor such remuneration as the General Partner may deem reasonable and proper;
(xvi) to negotiate and conclude agreements on behalf of the Partnership with respect to any of the rights, powers and authority conferred upon the General Partner;
(xvii) to maintain accurate accounting records and to file promptly all federal, state and local income tax returns on behalf of the Partnership;
(xviii) to distribute Partnership cash or other Partnership assets in accordance with this Agreement;
(xix) to form or acquire an interest in, and contribute Property to, any further limited or general partnerships, joint ventures or other relationships that it deems desirable (including, without limitation, the acquisition of interests in, and the contributions of Property to, its Subsidiaries and any other Person in which it has an equity interest from time to time);
(xx) to establish Partnership reserves for working capital, capital expenditures, contingent liabilities, or any other valid Partnership purpose;
(xxi) to merge, consolidate or combine the Partnership with or into another Person;
(xxii) to do any and all acts and things necessary or prudent to ensure that the Partnership will not be classified as a publicly traded partnership that is taxable as a corporation under Section 7704 of the Code; and
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(xxiii) to take such other action, execute, acknowledge, swear to or deliver such other documents and instruments, and perform any and all other acts that the General Partner deems necessary or appropriate for the formation, continuation and conduct of the business and affairs of the Partnership (including, without limitation, all actions consistent with allowing the General Partner at all times to qualify as a REIT unless the General Partner voluntarily terminates its REIT status) and to possess and enjoy all of the rights and powers of a general partner as provided by the Act.
(b) Except as otherwise provided herein, to the extent the duties of the General Partner require expenditures of funds to be paid to third parties, the General Partner shall not have any obligations hereunder except to the extent that Partnership funds are reasonably available to it for the performance of such duties, and nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize or require the General Partner, in its capacity as such, to expend its individual funds for payment to third parties or to undertake any individual liability or obligation on behalf of the Partnership.
6.2 Delegation of Authority.
The General Partner may delegate any or all of its powers, rights and obligations hereunder, and may appoint, employ, contract or otherwise deal with any Person for the transaction of the business of the Partnership, which Person may, under supervision of the General Partner, perform any acts or services for the Partnership as the General Partner may approve.
6.3 Indemnification and Exculpation of Indemnitees.
(a) The Partnership shall indemnify an Indemnitee from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, settlements, and other amounts arising from any and all claims, demands, actions, suits or proceedings, civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, that relate to the operations of the Partnership as set forth in this Agreement in which any Indemnitee may be involved, or is threatened to be involved, as a party or otherwise, unless it is established that: (i) the act or omission of the Indemnitee was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and either was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; (ii) the Indemnitee actually received an improper personal benefit in money, Property or services; or (iii) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful. Any indemnification pursuant to this Section 6.3 shall be made only out of the assets of the Partnership.
(b) The Partnership shall reimburse an Indemnitee for reasonable expenses incurred by an Indemnitee who is a party to a proceeding in advance of the final disposition of the proceeding upon receipt by the Partnership of (i) a written affirmation by the Indemnitee of the Indemnitees good faith belief that the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the Partnership as authorized in this Section 6.3 has been met, and (ii) a written undertaking by or on behalf of the Indemnitee to repay the amount if it shall ultimately be determined that the standard of conduct has not been met.
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(c) The indemnification provided by this Section 6.3 shall be in addition to any other rights to which an Indemnitee or any other Person may be entitled under any agreement, pursuant to any vote of the Partners, as a matter of law or otherwise, and shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to serve in such capacity.
(d) The Partnership may purchase and maintain insurance, on behalf of the Indemnitees and such other Persons as the General Partner shall determine, against any liability that may be asserted against or expenses that may be incurred by such Person in connection with the Partnerships activities, regardless of whether the Partnership would have the power to indemnify such Person against such liability under the provisions of this Agreement.
(e) For purposes of this Section 6.3, the Partnership shall be deemed to have requested an Indemnitee to serve as fiduciary of an employee benefit plan whenever the performance by it of its duties to the Partnership also imposes duties on, or otherwise involves services by, it to the plan or participants or beneficiaries of the plan; excise taxes assessed on an Indemnitee with respect to an employee benefit plan pursuant to applicable law shall constitute fines within the meaning of this Section 6.3; and actions taken or omitted by the Indemnitee with respect to an employee benefit plan in the performance of its duties for a purpose reasonably believed by it to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of the plan shall be deemed to be for a purpose which is not opposed to the best interests of the Partnership.
(f) In no event may an Indemnitee subject the Limited Partners to personal liability by reason of the indemnification provisions set forth in this Agreement.
(g) An Indemnitee shall not be denied indemnification in whole or in part under this Section 6.3 because the Indemnitee had an interest in the transaction with respect to which the indemnification applies if the transaction was otherwise permitted by the terms of this Agreement.
(h) The provisions of this Section 6.3 are for the benefit of the Indemnitees, their heirs, successors, assigns and administrators and shall not be deemed to create any rights for the benefit of any other Persons.
(i) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Partnership may not indemnify or hold harmless an Indemnitee for any liability or loss unless all of the following conditions are met: (i) the Indemnitee has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interests of the Partnership; (ii) the Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Partnership; (iii) the liability or loss was not the result of (A) negligence or misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is a director of the General Partner (other than an Independent Director), the Advisor or an Affiliate of the Advisor or (B) gross negligence or willful misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is an Independent Director; and (iv) the indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of net assets of the Partnership. In addition, the Partnership shall not provide indemnification for any loss, liability or expense arising from or out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws by such party unless one or more of the following conditions are met: (i) there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged securities law violations as to the Indemnitee; (ii) such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as to the Indemnitee; or (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the Indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement
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and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the Commission and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which securities of the General Partner or the Partnership were offered or sold as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.
6.4 Liability of the General Partner.
(a) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, the General Partner shall not be liable for monetary damages to the Partnership or any Partners for losses sustained or liabilities incurred as a result of errors in judgment or of any act or omission if the General Partner acted in good faith. The General Partner shall not be in breach of any duty that the General Partner may owe to the Limited Partners or the Partnership or any other Persons under this Agreement or of any duty stated or implied by law or equity provided the General Partner, acting in good faith, abides by the terms of this Agreement.
The Limited Partners expressly acknowledge that the General Partner is acting on behalf of the Partnership, itself and its stockholders collectively, that the General Partner is under no obligation to consider the separate interests of the Limited Partners (including, without limitation, the tax consequences to Limited Partners or the tax consequences of some, but not all, of the Limited Partners) in deciding whether to cause the Partnership to take (or decline to take) any actions. In the event of a conflict between the interests of its stockholders on one hand and the Limited Partners on the other, the General Partner shall endeavor in good faith to resolve the conflict in a manner not adverse to either its stockholders or the Limited Partners; provided, however, that for so long as the General Partner directly owns a controlling interest in the Partnership, any such conflict that the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, determines cannot be resolved in a manner not adverse to either its stockholders or the Limited Partner shall be resolved in favor of the stockholders. The General Partner shall not be liable for monetary damages for losses sustained, liabilities incurred, or benefits not derived by Limited Partners in connection with such decisions, provided that the General Partner has acted in good faith.
(b) Subject to its obligations and duties as General Partner set forth in Section 6.1 hereof, the General Partner may exercise any of the powers granted to it under this Agreement and perform any of the duties imposed upon it hereunder either directly or by or through its agents. The General Partner shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any such agent appointed by it in good faith.
(c) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement or the Act, any action of the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or any decision of the General Partner to refrain from acting on behalf of the Partnership, undertaken in the good faith belief that such action or omission is necessary or advisable in order (i) to protect the ability of the General Partner to continue to qualify as a REIT or (ii) to prevent the General Partner from incurring any taxes under Section 857, Section 4981, or any other provision of the Code, is expressly authorized under this Agreement and is deemed approved by all of the Limited Partners.
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(d) Any amendment, modification or repeal of this Section 6.4 or any provision hereof shall be prospective only and shall not in any way affect the limitations on the General Partners liability to the Partnership and the Limited Partners under this Section 6.4 as in effect immediately prior to such amendment, modification or repeal with respect to matters occurring, in whole or in part, prior to such amendment, modification or repeal, regardless of when claims relating to such matters may arise or be asserted.
6.5 Reimbursement of General Partner.
(a) Except as provided in this Section 6.5 and elsewhere in this Agreement (including the provisions of Articles 5 and 6 regarding distributions, payments, and allocations to which it may be entitled), the General Partner shall not be compensated for its services as general partner of the Partnership.
(b) The General Partner shall be reimbursed on a monthly basis, or such other basis as the General Partner may determine in its sole and absolute discretion, for all Administrative Expenses incurred by the General Partner. Reimbursement of Administrative Expenses shall be treated as an expense of the Partnership and not as distributions of allocable income.
6.6 Outside Activities.
Subject to Section 6.8 hereof, the Articles of Incorporation and any agreements entered into by the General Partner or its Affiliates with the Partnership or a Subsidiary, any officer, director, employee, agent, trustee, Affiliate or stockholder of the General Partner, the General Partner shall be entitled to and may have business interests and engage in business activities in addition to those relating to the Partnership, including business interests and activities substantially similar or identical to those of the Partnership. None of the Partnership, Limited Partners or any other Person shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement or the partnership relationship established hereby in any such business ventures, interests or activities, and the General Partner shall have no obligation pursuant to this Agreement to offer any interest in any such business ventures, interests and activities to the Partnership or any Limited Partner, even if such opportunity is of a character which, if presented to the Partnership or any Limited Partner, could be taken by such Person.
6.7 Employment or Retention of Affiliates.
(a) Any Affiliate of the General Partner may be employed or retained by the Partnership and may otherwise deal with the Partnership (whether as a buyer, lessor, lessee, manager, furnisher of goods or services, broker, agent, lender or otherwise) and may receive from the Partnership any compensation, price, or other payment therefor which the General Partner determines to be fair and reasonable.
(b) The Partnership may lend or contribute to its Subsidiaries or other Persons in which it has an equity investment, and such Persons may borrow funds from the Partnership, on terms and conditions established in the sole and absolute discretion of the General Partner. The foregoing authority shall not create any right or benefit in favor of any Subsidiary or any other Person.
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(c) The Partnership may transfer assets to joint ventures, other partnerships, corporations or other business entities in which it is or thereby becomes a participant upon such terms and subject to such conditions as the General Partner deems are consistent with this Agreement, applicable law and the REIT status of the General Partner.
(d) Except as expressly permitted by this Agreement, neither the General Partner nor any of its Affiliates shall sell, transfer or convey any Property to, or purchase any Property from, the Partnership, directly or indirectly, except pursuant to transactions that are, in the General Partners sole discretion, on terms that are fair and reasonable to the Partnership.
6.8 General Partner Participation.
The General Partner agrees that all business activities of the General Partner, including activities pertaining to the acquisition, development or ownership of any Investment, shall be conducted through the Partnership, a Subsidiary, a Subsidiary Partnership or a taxable REIT subsidiary (within the meaning of Section 856(l) of the Code); provided, however, that the General Partner is allowed to hold cash and liquid investments to fund its expenses, including redemptions of shares of common stock of the General Partner.
6.9 Title to Partnership Assets.
Title to Partnership assets, whether real, personal or mixed and whether tangible or intangible, shall be deemed to be owned by the Partnership as an entity, and no Partner, individually or collectively, shall have any ownership interest in such Partnership assets or any portion thereof. Title to any or all of the Partnership assets may be held in the name of the Partnership, the General Partner or one or more nominees, as the General Partner may determine, including Affiliates of the General Partner. The General Partner hereby declares and warrants that any Partnership assets for which legal title is held in the name of the General Partner or any nominee or Affiliate of the General Partner shall be held by the General Partner for the use and benefit of the Partnership in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement; provided, however, that the General Partner shall use its best efforts to cause beneficial and record title to such assets to be vested in the Partnership as soon as reasonably practicable. All Partnership assets shall be recorded as the Property of the Partnership in its books and records, irrespective of the name in which legal title to such Partnership assets is held.
6.10 No Duplication of Fees or Expenses.
The Partnership may not incur or be responsible for any fee or expense (in connection with the Offering or otherwise) that would be duplicative of fees and expenses paid by the General Partner.
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ARTICLE 7
CHANGES IN GENERAL PARTNER
7.1 Transfer of the General Partners Units.
(a) The General Partner shall not transfer all or any portion of its Units or withdraw as General Partner except as provided in, or in connection with a transaction contemplated by, Section 7.1(b) or Section 7.1(c).
(b) Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.1(c) hereof, the General Partner shall not engage in any merger, consolidation or other combination with or into another Person or the sale of all or substantially all of its assets (other than in connection with a change in the General Partners state of incorporation or organizational form), in each case which results in a change of control of the General Partner (a REIT Transaction ), unless the consent of Limited Partners holding more than 50% of the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners (including, as applicable, Limited Partner Interests held by the General Partner) is obtained.
(c) Notwithstanding Section 7.1(a) or 7.1(b),
(i) a General Partner may transfer all or any portion of its General Partnership Units to (A) a wholly owned Subsidiary of such General Partner or (B) the owner of all of the ownership interests of such General Partner, and following a transfer of all of its General Partnership Units, may withdraw as General Partner; and
(ii) the General Partner may engage in a transaction not required to be submitted to the vote of the holders of its capital stock by law or by the rules of any national securities exchange on which any of the General Partners capital stock is listed.
7.2 Admission of a Substitute or Additional General Partner.
A Person shall be admitted as a substitute or additional General Partner of the Partnership only if the following terms and conditions are satisfied:
(a) the Person to be admitted as a substitute or additional General Partner shall have accepted and agreed to be bound by all the terms and provisions of this Agreement by executing a counterpart thereof and such other documents or instruments as may be required or appropriate in order to effect the admission of such Person as a General Partner, and a certificate evidencing the admission of such Person as a General Partner shall have been filed for recordation and all other actions required by Section 2.4 hereof in connection with such admission shall have been performed;
(b) if the Person to be admitted as a substitute or additional General Partner is a corporation or a partnership it shall have provided the Partnership with evidence satisfactory to counsel for the Partnership of such Persons authority to become a General Partner and to be bound by the terms and provisions of this Agreement; and
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(c) counsel for the Partnership shall have rendered an opinion (relying on such opinions from other counsel as may be necessary) that (x) the admission of the Person to be admitted as a substitute or additional General Partner is in conformity with the Act and (y) none of the actions taken in connection with the admission of such Person as a substitute or additional General Partner will cause (i) the Partnership to be classified other than as a partnership for federal tax purposes, or (ii) the loss of any Limited Partners limited liability.
7.3 Effect of Bankruptcy, Withdrawal, Death or Dissolution of a General Partner.
(a) Upon the occurrence of an Event of Bankruptcy as to the sole remaining General Partner (and its removal pursuant to Section 7.4(a) hereof) or the death, withdrawal, removal or dissolution of the sole remaining General Partner (except that, if the sole remaining General Partner is on the date of such occurrence a partnership, the withdrawal, death, dissolution, Event of Bankruptcy as to, or removal of a partner in, such partnership shall be deemed not to be a dissolution of such General Partner if the business of such General Partner is continued by the remaining partner or partners), the Partnership shall be dissolved and terminated unless the Partnership is continued pursuant to Section 7.3(b) hereof. The merger of the General Partner with or into any entity that is admitted as a substitute or successor General Partner pursuant to Section 7.2 hereof shall not be deemed to be the withdrawal, dissolution or removal of the General Partner.
(b) Following the occurrence of an Event of Bankruptcy as to the sole remaining General Partner (and its removal pursuant to Section 7.4(a) hereof) or the death, withdrawal, removal or dissolution of the sole remaining General Partner, the Limited Partners, within ninety (90) days after such occurrence, may elect to continue the business of the Partnership for the balance of the term specified in Section 2.4 hereof by selecting, subject to Section 7.2 hereof and any other provisions of this Agreement, a substitute General Partner by consent of a majority in interest of the Limited Partners. If the Limited Partners elect to continue the business of the Partnership and admit a substitute General Partner, the relationship with the Partners and of any Person who has acquired an interest of a Partner in the Partnership shall be governed by this Agreement.
7.4 Removal of a General Partner.
(a) Upon the occurrence of an Event of Bankruptcy as to, or the dissolution of, a General Partner, such General Partner shall be deemed to be removed automatically. The Limited Partners may not remove the General Partner, with or without cause.
(b) If a General Partner has been removed pursuant to this Section 7.4 and the Partnership is continued pursuant to Section 7.3 hereof, such General Partner shall promptly transfer and assign its General Partnership Units in the Partnership to the substitute General Partner approved by a majority in interest of the Limited Partners in accordance with Section 7.3(b) hereof and otherwise be admitted to the Partnership in accordance with Section 7.2 hereof. At the time of assignment, the removed General Partner shall be entitled to receive from the substitute General Partner the fair market value of the General Partnership Units of such removed General Partner as reduced by any damages caused to the Partnership by such General Partner. Such fair market value shall be determined by an appraiser mutually agreed upon by the General Partner and a majority in interest of the Limited Partners within ten (10) days following the removal of the General Partner. In the event that the parties are unable to
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agree upon an appraiser, the removed General Partner and a majority in interest of the Limited Partners each shall select an appraiser. Each such appraiser shall complete an appraisal of the fair market value of the removed General Partners General Partnership Units within thirty (30) days of the General Partners removal, and the fair market value of the removed General Partners General Partnership Unit shall be the average of the two appraisals; provided, however, that if the higher appraisal exceeds the lower appraisal by more than 20% of the amount of the lower appraisal, the two appraisers, no later than forty (40) days after the removal of the General Partner, shall select a third appraiser who shall complete an appraisal of the fair market value of the removed General Partners General Partnership Units no later than sixty (60) days after the removal of the General Partner. In such case, the fair market value of the removed General Partners General Partnership Units shall be the average of the two appraisals closest in value.
(c) The General Partnership Units of a removed General Partner, during the time after default until transfer under Section 7.4(b), shall be converted to that of a Limited Partner; provided, however, such removed General Partner shall not have any rights to participate in the management and affairs of the Partnership, and shall not be entitled to any portion of the income, expense, profit, gain or loss allocations or cash distributions allocable or payable, as the case may be, to the Limited Partners. Instead, such removed General Partner shall receive and be entitled only to retain distributions or allocations of such items that it would have been entitled to receive in its capacity as General Partner, until the transfer is effective pursuant to Section 7.4(b).
(d) All Partners shall have given and hereby do give such consents, shall take such actions and shall execute such documents as shall be legally necessary, desirable and sufficient to effect all the foregoing provisions of this Section.
ARTICLE 8
RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE LIMITED PARTNERS
8.1 Management of the Partnership.
The Limited Partners shall not participate in the management or control of Partnership business nor shall they transact any business for the Partnership, nor shall they have the power to sign for or bind the Partnership, such powers being vested solely and exclusively in the General Partner.
8.2 Power of Attorney.
Each Limited Partner hereby irrevocably appoints the General Partner its true and lawful attorney-in-fact, who may act for each Limited Partner and in its name, place and stead, and for its use and benefit, to sign, acknowledge, swear to, deliver, file or record, at the appropriate public offices, any and all documents, certificates, and instruments as may be deemed necessary or desirable by the General Partner to carry out fully the provisions of this Agreement and the Act in accordance with their terms, which power of attorney is coupled with an interest and shall survive the death, dissolution or legal incapacity of the Limited Partner, or the transfer by the Limited Partner of any part or all of its Partnership Units.
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8.3 Limitation on Liability of Limited Partners.
No Limited Partner shall be liable for any debts, liabilities, contracts or obligations of the Partnership. A Limited Partner shall be liable to the Partnership only to make payments of its Capital Contribution, if any, as and when due hereunder. After its Capital Contribution is fully paid, no Limited Partner shall, except as otherwise required by the Act, be required to make any further Capital Contributions or other payments or lend any funds to the Partnership.
8.4 Ownership by Limited Partner of Corporate General Partner or Affiliate.
No Limited Partner shall at any time, either directly or indirectly, own any stock or other interest in the General Partner or in any Affiliate thereof, if such ownership by itself or in conjunction with other stock or other interests owned by other Limited Partners would, in the opinion of counsel for the Partnership, jeopardize the classification of the Partnership as a partnership for federal tax purposes. The General Partner shall be entitled to make such reasonable inquiry of the Limited Partners as is required to establish compliance by the Limited Partners with the provisions of this Section.
8.5 Limited Partner Right of Redemption.
(a) Subject to Sections 8.5(b), 8.5(c), 8.5(d), 8.5(e) and 8.5(f) and the provisions of any agreements between the Partnership and one or more Limited Partners with respect to the Limited Partnership Units held by them, a Qualifying Party, but no other Limited Partner or Assignee, shall, after holding their Limited Partnership Units for at least one year, have the right (subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein) to require the Partnership to redeem (a Redemption ) all or a portion of such Limited Partnership Units (the Tendered Units ) held by such Limited Partner (a Redemption Right ) in exchange for REIT Shares having the same Class designation as the Partnership Units subject to the Redemption Right, issuable on, or the Cash Amount payable on, or a combination thereof having an equivalent value to the REIT Shares issuable on, or the Cash Amount payable on, the Specified Redemption Date, as determined by the General Partner in its sole discretion. Any Redemption Right shall be exercised pursuant to a Notice of Redemption delivered to the Partnership (with a copy to the General Partner) by the Limited Partner exercising the Redemption Right (the Tendering Party ). No Limited Partner may deliver more than two Notices of Redemption during each calendar year. A Limited Partner may not exercise the Redemption Right for less than 1,000 Limited Partnership Units or, if such Limited Partner holds less than 1,000 Limited Partnership Units, all of the Limited Partnership Units held by such Partner. The Tendering Party shall have no right, with respect to any Limited Partnership Units so redeemed, to receive any distribution paid with respect to Limited Partnership Units if the record date for such distribution is on or after the Specified Redemption Date.
(b) If the General Partner elects to redeem Tendered Units for REIT Shares having the same Class designation as the Tendered Units rather than cash, then the Partnership shall direct the General Partner to issue and deliver such REIT Shares to the Tendering Party pursuant to the terms set forth in this Section 8.5(b), in which case, (i) the General Partner, acting as a distinct legal entity, shall assume directly the obligation with respect thereto and shall satisfy the Tendering Partys exercise of its Redemption Right, and (ii) such transaction shall be treated,
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for federal income tax purposes, as a transfer by the Tendering Party of such Tendered Units to the General Partner in exchange for REIT Shares. The percentage of the Tendered Units tendered for Redemption by the Tendering Party for which the General Partner elects to issue REIT Shares (rather than cash) is referred to as the Applicable Percentage . In making such election to acquire Tendered Units, the Partnership shall act in a fair, equitable and reasonable manner that neither prefers one group or class of Limited Partners over another nor discriminates against a group or class of Limited Partners. If the Partnership elects to redeem any number of Tendered Units for REIT Shares having the same Class designation as the Tendered Units, rather than cash, on the Specified Redemption Date, the Tendering Party shall sell such number of the Tendered Units to the General Partner in exchange for a number of REIT Shares equal to the product of the REIT Shares Amount and the Applicable Percentage. The product of the Applicable Percentage and the REIT Shares Amount, if applicable, shall be delivered by the General Partner as duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and accessible REIT Shares having the same Class designation as the Tendered Units, free of any pledge, lien, encumbrance or restriction, other than the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit and other restrictions provided in the Article of Incorporation, the bylaws of the General Partner, the Securities Act and relevant state securities or blue sky laws. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 8.5(a) and this Section 8.5(b), the Tendering Parties shall have no rights under this Agreement that would otherwise be prohibited under the Articles of Incorporation.
(c) In connection with an exercise of Redemption Rights pursuant to this Section 8.5, the Tendering Party shall submit the following to the General Partner, in addition to the Notice of Redemption:
(i) A written affidavit, dated the same date as the Notice of Redemption, (a) disclosing the actual and constructive ownership, as determined for purposes of Code Sections 856(a)(6) and 856(h), of REIT Shares by (i) such Tendering Party and (ii) any Related Party and (b) representing that, after giving effect to the Redemption and assuming that the General Partner elects to exchange REIT Shares for all Tendered Units, neither the Tendering Party nor any Related Party will own REIT Shares in excess of the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit (or, if applicable the Excepted Holder Limit);
(ii) A written representation that neither the Tendering Party nor any Related Party has any intention to acquire any additional REIT Shares prior to the closing of the Redemption on the Specified Redemption Date;
(iii) An undertaking to certify, at and as a condition to the closing of the Redemption on the Specified Redemption Date, that either (a) the actual and constructive ownership of REIT Shares by the Tendering Party and any Related Party remain unchanged from that disclosed in the affidavit required by Section 8.5(c)(1) or (b) after giving effect to the Redemption, neither the Tendering Party nor any Related Party shall own REIT Shares in violation of the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit (or, if applicable, the Excepted Holder Limit); and
(iv) Any other documents as the General Partner may reasonably require in connection with the issuance of REIT Shares upon the exercise of the Redemption Right.
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(d) Any Cash Amount to be paid to a Tendering Party pursuant to this Section 8.5 shall be paid on the Specified Redemption Date; provided, however, that the General Partner may elect to cause the Specified Redemption Date to be delayed for up to an additional 180 days to the extent required for the General Partner to cause additional REIT Shares to be issued to provide financing to be used to make such payment of the Cash Amount. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner agrees to use its best efforts to cause the closing of the acquisition of Tendered Units hereunder to occur as quickly as reasonably possible.
(e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the General Partner shall restrict the ability of the Limited Partners to exercise their Redemption Rights to prevent, among other things, (a) any person from owning shares in excess of the Common Share Ownership Limit, the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit and the Excepted Holder Limit, (b) the General Partners common stock from being owned by less than 100 persons, (c) the General Partner from being closely held within the meaning of section 856(h) of the Code, and (c) to ensure that the Partnership does not constitute a publicly traded partnership under section 7704 of the Code. If and when the General Partner determines that imposing such restrictions is necessary, the General Partner shall give prompt written notice thereof (a Restriction Notice ) to each of the Limited Partners holding Partnership Units, which notice shall be accompanied by a copy of an opinion of counsel to the Partnership which states that, in the opinion of such counsel, restrictions are necessary in order to avoid having the Partnership be treated as a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation under section 7704 of the Code.
(f) A redemption fee may be charged in connection with an exercise of Redemption Rights pursuant to this Section 8.5.
8.6 Redemption of Special Limited Partnership Units.
Upon the earliest to occur of (a) the termination or nonrenewal of the Advisory Agreement for cause (as defined in the Advisory Agreement), (b) a Termination Event, (c) the Listing, or (d) a merger, consolidation or sale of substantially all of the General Partners assets or any similar transaction or any transaction pursuant to which a majority of the board of directors of the General Partner then in office are replaced or removed, the Special Limited Partnership Units will be redeemed.
(a) If the Advisory Agreement is terminated or not renewed by the General Partner for cause (as defined in the Advisory Agreement), all of the Special Limited Partnership Units shall be redeemed by the Partnership for a one-time cash payment of $1.00 within thirty (30) days after the termination or nonrenewal of the Advisory Agreement.
(b) Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Listing or a merger, consolidation or sale of substantially all of the General Partners assets or any similar transaction or any transaction pursuant to which a majority of the board of directors of the General Partner then in office are replaced or removed, the Special Limited Partnership Units shall be redeemed for an aggregate amount equal to the amount that would have been distributed to the Special Limited Partner under Section 5.2(b) if all assets of the Partnership had been sold for their fair market value and all liabilities of the Partnership had been satisfied in full according to their
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terms. Such redemption shall occur no later than thirty (30) days after the date of a Termination Event and no later than 240 days after the Listing. In determining the fair market value of the assets of the Partnership, (i) in connection with a Termination Event, the General Partner shall obtain an appraisal of the assets of the Partnership (excluding any assets which may be readily marked to market) except that if the Termination Event is the result of any of the events described under (iii) below, then the fair market value of the shares shall be determined under (iii) below, (ii) in connection with the Listing, the General Partner shall make such determination (a) taking into account, in the event of a Listing on a national securities exchange only, the market value of the General Partners listed shares based upon the average closing price, or average of bid and asked prices, as the case may be, during a period of thirty (30) days during which such shares are traded beginning one hundred and twenty (120) days after the Listing or (b) taking into account the value of the General Partners shares based upon the initial public offering price in the event of an underwritten public offering and (iii) in connection with a merger, consolidation or sale of substantially all of the General Partners assets or any similar transaction pursuant to which a majority of the members of the board of directors of the General Partner then in office are replaced or removed, the General Partners shall make such determination based on the value of the consideration received by the General Partner or its stockholders on a per share basis. Payment to the Special Limited Partner upon a Termination Event or a Listing shall be paid, at the Special Limited Partners discretion, in the form of (a) shares of the General Partners common stock or (b) a promissory note bearing interest at a rate deemed fair and reasonable by a majority of the Independent Directors. In the event the Special Limited Partner elects to receive shares of the General Partners common stock and the General Partners shares are not listed on a national securities exchange, at the option of the Special Limited Partner, the Special Limited Partner and the General Partner shall enter into an agreement whereby the General Partner shall register such shares of common stock with the Commission. However, any payments under a promissory note may not be made in connection with a Termination Event until either (a) the closing of asset sales that result in aggregate, cumulative distributions to the Partners (other than the Special Limited Partner) of the Partnership from operating income, sales proceeds and other sources in an amount equal to their Capital Contributions to the Partnership plus a 6.00% cumulative non-compounded annual pre-tax return thereon, or (b) a Listing (each a Subsequent Liquidity Event ). In addition, the principal amount of the promissory note issued in connection with a Termination Event will be subject to reduction as of the date of the Subsequent Liquidity Event by an amount that will ensure that, in connection with the Subsequent Liquidity Event, the Special Limited Partner does not receive in excess of 15% of the distributions that are made or are deemed to be made by the Partnership after the Partners (other than the Special Limited Partner) have received or are deemed to have received aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to their Capital Contributions to the Partnership plus a 6.00% cumulative non-compounded annual pre-tax return thereon.
ARTICLE 9
TRANSFERS OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP UNITS
9.1 Purchase for Investment.
(a) Each Limited Partner hereby represents and warrants to the General Partner and to the Partnership that the acquisition of its Partnership Units is made as a principal for its account for investment purposes only and not with a view to the resale or distribution of such Partnership Units.
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(b) Each Limited Partner agrees that he will not sell, assign or otherwise transfer its Partnership Units or any fraction thereof, whether voluntarily or by operation of law or at judicial sale or otherwise, to any Person who does not make the representations and warranties to the General Partner set forth in Section 9.1(a) above and similarly agree not to sell, assign or transfer such Partnership Units or fraction thereof to any Person who does not similarly represent, warrant and agree.
9.2 Restrictions on Transfer of Limited Partnership Units.
(a) Subject to the provisions of 9.2(b) and (c), no Limited Partner may offer, sell, assign, hypothecate, pledge or otherwise transfer all or any portion of its Limited Partnership Units, or any of such Limited Partners economic rights as a Limited Partner, whether voluntarily or by operation of law or at judicial sale or otherwise (collectively, a Transfer ) without the consent of the General Partner, which consent may be granted or withheld in its sole and absolute discretion. Any such purported transfer undertaken without such consent shall be considered to be null and void ab initio and shall not be given effect. The General Partner may require, as a condition of any Transfer to which it consents, that the transferor assume all costs incurred by the Partnership in connection therewith.
(b) No Limited Partner may withdraw from the Partnership other than as a result of a permitted transfer (i.e., a Transfer consented to as contemplated by clause (a) above or clause (c) below or a Transfer pursuant to Section 9.5 below) of all of its Partnership Units pursuant to this Article 9 or pursuant to a redemption of all of its Partnership Units pursuant to Section 8.5 or pursuant to the redemption of the Limited Partners Special Partnership Units pursuant to Section 8.6. Upon the permitted transfer or redemption of all of a Limited Partners Partnership Units, such Limited Partner shall cease to be a Limited Partner.
(c) Notwithstanding Section 9.2(a) and subject to Sections 9.2(d), (e) and (f) below, a Limited Partner may Transfer, without the consent of the General Partner, all or a portion of its Partnership Units to (i) a parent or parents spouse, natural or adopted descendant or descendants, spouse of such descendant, or brother or sister, or a trust created by such Limited Partner for the benefit of such Limited Partner and/or any such person(s), of which trust such Limited Partner or any such person(s) is a trustee, (ii) a corporation controlled by a Person or Persons named in (i) above, or (iii) if the Limited Partner is an entity, its beneficial owners.
(d) No Limited Partner may effect a Transfer of its Limited Partnership Units, in whole or in part, if, in the opinion of legal counsel for the Partnership, such proposed Transfer would require the registration of the Limited Partnership Units under the Securities Act or would otherwise violate any applicable federal or state securities or blue sky law (including investment suitability standards).
(e) No Transfer by a Limited Partner of its Partnership Units, in whole or in part, may be made to any Person if (i) in the opinion of the General Partner based on the advice of legal counsel for the Partnership, if appropriate, the transfer would result in the Partnerships
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being treated as an association taxable as a corporation (other than a qualified REIT subsidiary within the meaning of Section 856(i) of the Code), (ii) in the opinion of the General Partner based on the advice of legal counsel for the Partnership, if appropriate, it would adversely affect the ability of the General Partner to continue to qualify as a REIT or subject the General Partner to any additional taxes under Section 857 or Section 4981 of the Code, and (iii) such transfer is effectuated through an established securities market or a secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code.
(f) No transfer by a Limited Partner of any Partnership Units may be made to a lender to the Partnership or any Person who is related (within the meaning of Regulations Section 1.752-4(b)) to any lender to the Partnership whose loan constitutes a Nonrecourse Liability, without the consent of the General Partner, which may be withheld in its sole and absolute discretion, provided that as a condition to such consent the lender will be required to enter into an arrangement with the Partnership and the General Partner to exchange or redeem any Partnership Units in which a security interest is held for cash in an amount equal to such Partners Capital Account allocable (in the reasonable determination of the General Partner) to such exchanged or redeemed Partnership Units, simultaneously with the time at which such lender would be deemed to be a Partner in the Partnership for purposes of allocating liabilities to such lender under Section 752 of the Code.
(g) Any Transfer in contravention of any of the provisions of this Article 9 shall be void and ineffectual and shall not be binding upon, or recognized by, the Partnership.
(h) Prior to the consummation of any Transfer under this Article 9, the transferor and/or the transferee shall deliver to the General Partner such opinions, certificates and other documents as the General Partner shall request in connection with such Transfer.
9.3 Admission of Substitute Limited Partner.
(a) Subject to the other provisions of this Article 9, an assignee of the Limited Partnership Units of a Limited Partner (which shall be understood to include any purchaser, transferee, donee, or other recipient of any disposition of such Limited Partnership Units) shall be deemed admitted as a Limited Partner of the Partnership only with the consent of the General Partner and upon the satisfactory completion of the following:
(i) The assignee shall have accepted and agreed to be bound by the terms and provisions of this Agreement by executing a counterpart or an amendment thereof, including a revised Exhibit A , and such other documents or instruments as the General Partner may require in order to effect the admission of such Person as a Limited Partner.
(ii) To the extent required, an amended Certificate evidencing the admission of such Person as a Limited Partner shall have been signed, acknowledged and filed for record in accordance with the Act.
(iii) The assignee shall have delivered a letter containing the representation set forth in Section 9.1(a) hereof and the agreement set forth in Section 9.1(b) hereof.
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(iv) If the assignee is a corporation, partnership or trust, the assignee shall have provided the General Partner with evidence satisfactory to counsel for the Partnership of the assignees authority to become a Limited Partner under the terms and provisions of this Agreement.
(v) The assignee shall have executed a power of attorney containing the terms and provisions set forth in Section 8.2 hereof.
(vi) The assignee shall have paid all legal fees and other expenses of the Partnership and the General Partner and filing and publication costs in connection with its substitution as a Limited Partner.
(vii) The assignee has obtained the prior written consent of the General Partner to its admission as a Substitute Limited Partner, which consent may be given or denied in the exercise of the General Partners sole and absolute discretion.
(b) For the purpose of allocating Profits and Losses and distributing cash received by the Partnership, a Substitute Limited Partner shall be treated as having become, and appearing in the records of the Partnership as, a Partner upon the filing of the Certificate described in Section 9.3(a)(ii) hereof or, if no such filing is required, the later of the date specified in the transfer documents or the date on which the General Partner has received all necessary instruments of transfer and substitution.
(c) The General Partner shall cooperate with the Person seeking to become a Substitute Limited Partner by preparing the documentation required by this Section and making all official filings and publications. The Partnership shall take all such action as promptly as practicable after the satisfaction of the conditions in this Article 9 to the admission of such Person as a Limited Partner of the Partnership.
9.4 Rights of Assignees of Partnership Units.
(a) Subject to the provisions of Sections 9.1 and 9.2 hereof, except as required by operation of law, the Partnership shall not be obligated for any purposes whatsoever to recognize the assignment by any Limited Partner of its Partnership Units until the Partnership has received notice thereof.
(b) Any Person who is the assignee of all or any portion of a Limited Partners Limited Partnership Units, but does not become a Substitute Limited Partner and desires to make a further assignment of such Limited Partnership Units shall be subject to all the provisions of this Article 9 to the same extent and in the same manner as any Limited Partner desiring to make an assignment of its Limited Partnership Units.
9.5 Effect of Bankruptcy, Death, Incompetence or Termination of a Limited Partner.
The occurrence of an Event of Bankruptcy as to a Limited Partner, the death of a Limited Partner or a final adjudication that a Limited Partner is incompetent (which term shall include, but not be limited to, insanity) shall not cause the termination or dissolution of the Partnership, and the business of the Partnership shall continue if an order for relief in a bankruptcy
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proceeding is entered against a Limited Partner, the trustee or receiver of his estate or, if he dies, his executor, administrator or trustee, or, if he is finally adjudicated incompetent, his committee, guardian or conservator, shall have the rights of such Limited Partner for the purpose of settling or managing his estate property and such power as the bankrupt, deceased or incompetent Limited Partner possessed to assign all or any part of its Partnership Units and to join with the assignee in satisfying conditions precedent to the admission of the assignee as a Substitute Limited Partner.
9.6 Joint Ownership of Units.
A Partnership Unit may be acquired by two individuals as joint tenants with right of survivorship, provided that such individuals either are married or are related and share the same home as tenants in common. The written consent or vote of both owners of any such jointly held Partnership Unit shall be required to constitute the action of the owners of such Partnership Unit; provided, however, that the written consent of only one joint owner will be required if the Partnership has been provided with evidence satisfactory to the counsel for the Partnership that the actions of a single joint owner can bind both owners under the applicable laws of the state of residence of such joint owners. Upon the death of one owner of a Partnership Unit held in a joint tenancy with a right of survivorship, the Partnership Unit shall become owned solely by the survivor as a Limited Partner and not as an assignee. The Partnership need not recognize the death of one of the owners of a jointly-held Partnership Unit until it shall have received notice of such death. Upon notice to the General Partner from either owner, the General Partner shall cause the Partnership Unit to be divided into two equal Partnership Units, which shall thereafter be owned separately by each of the former owners.
ARTICLE 10
BOOKS AND RECORDS; ACCOUNTING; TAX MATTERS
10.1 Books and Records.
At all times during the continuance of the Partnership, the Partners shall keep or cause to be kept at the Partnerships specified office true and complete books of account in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, including: (a) a current list of the full name and last known business address of each Partner, (b) a copy of the Certificate of Limited Partnership and all Certificates of amendment thereto, (c) copies of the Partnerships federal, state and local income tax returns and reports, (d) copies of this Agreement and amendments thereto and any financial statements of the Partnership for the three most recent years and (e) all documents and information required under the Act. Any Partner or its duly authorized representative, upon paying the costs of collection, duplication and mailing, shall be entitled to inspect or copy such records during ordinary business hours.
10.2 Custody of Partnership Funds; Bank Accounts.
(a) All funds of the Partnership not otherwise invested shall be deposited in one or more accounts maintained in such banking or brokerage institutions as the General Partner shall determine, and withdrawals shall be made only on such signature or signatures as the General Partner may, from time to time, determine.
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(b) All deposits and other funds not needed in the operation of the business of the Partnership may be invested by the General Partner in investment grade instruments (or investment companies whose portfolio consists primarily thereof), government obligations, certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and municipal notes and bonds. The funds of the Partnership shall not be commingled with the funds of any other Person except for such commingling as may necessarily result from an investment in those investment companies permitted by this Section 10.2(b).
10.3 Fiscal and Taxable Year.
The fiscal and taxable year of the Partnership shall be the calendar year.
10.4 Annual Tax Information and Report.
Within seventy-five (75) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Partnership, the General Partner shall furnish to each person who was a Limited Partner at any time during such year the tax information necessary to file such Limited Partners individual tax returns as shall be reasonably required by law.
10.5 Tax Matters Partner; Tax Elections; Special Basis Adjustments.
(a) The General Partner shall be the Tax Matters Partner of the Partnership within the meaning of Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code. As Tax Matters Partner, the General Partner shall have the right and obligation to take all actions authorized and required, respectively, by the Code for the Tax Matters Partner. The General Partner shall have the right to retain professional assistance in respect of any audit of the Partnership by the Internal Revenue Service and all out-of-pocket expenses and fees incurred by the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership as Tax Matters Partner shall constitute Partnership expenses. In the event the General Partner receives notice of a final Partnership adjustment under Section 6223(a)(2) of the Code, the General Partner shall either (i) file a court petition for judicial review of such final adjustment within the period provided under Section 6226(a) of the Code, a copy of which petition shall be mailed to all Limited Partners on the date such petition is filed, or (ii) mail a written notice to all Limited Partners, within such period, that describes the General Partners reasons for determining not to file such a petition.
(b) All elections required or permitted to be made by the Partnership under the Code or any applicable state or local tax law shall be made by the General Partner in its sole and absolute discretion.
(c) In the event of a transfer of all or any part of the Partnership Units of any Partner, the Partnership, at the option of the General Partner, may elect pursuant to Section 754 of the Code to adjust the basis of the Partnerships assets. Each Partner will furnish the Partnership with all information necessary to give effect to such election.
(d) By executing this Agreement, each Partner authorizes and directs the Partnership to elect to have the Safe Harbor described in the proposed Revenue Procedure set forth in Internal Revenue Service Notice 2005-43 (the Notice ) apply to any interest in the Partnership transferred to a service provider by the Partnership on or after the effective date of
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such Revenue Procedure in connection with services provided to the Partnership. For purposes of making such Safe harbor election, the General Partner is hereby designated as the partner who has responsibility for federal income tax reporting by the Partnership and, accordingly, execution of such Safe Harbor election by the General Partner constitutes execution of a Safe Harbor Election in accordance with Section 3.03(1) of the Notice. The partnership and each Partner hereby agrees to comply with all requirements of the Safe Harbor described in the Notice, including the requirement that each Partner shall prepare and file all U.S. federal income tax returns reporting the income tax effects of each Safe Harbor Partnership Unit issued by the Partnership in a manner consistent with the requirements of the Notice. A Partners obligations to comply with the requirements of this Section 10.5(d) shall survive such Partners ceasing to be a Partner of the Partnership and/or the termination, dissolution, liquidation and winding up of the Partnership, and, for purposes of this Section 10.5(d), the Partnership shall be treated as continuing in existence. Each partner authorizes the General Partner to amend this Section 10.5(d) to the extent necessary to achieve substantially the same tax treatment with respect to any interest in the Partnership transferred to a service provider by the Partnership in connection with services provided to the Partnership as set forth in Section 4 of the Notice (e.g., to reflect changes from the rules set forth in the Notice in subsequent Internal Revenue Service guidance); provided that such amendment is not materially adverse to such Partner (as compared with the after-tax consequences that would result if the provisions of the Notice applied to all interests in the Partnership transferred to a service provider by the Partnership in connection with services provided to the Partnership). Each Limited Partner further agrees to execute any forms or documents reasonably necessary to effectuate any of the foregoing provisions of this Section 10.5(d).
10.6 Reports to Limited Partners.
(a) As soon as practicable after the close of each fiscal year, the General Partner shall cause to be mailed to each Limited Partner an annual report containing financial statements of the Partnership, or of the General Partner if such statements are prepared solely on a consolidated basis with the General Partner, for such fiscal year, presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The annual financial statements shall be audited by accountants selected by the General Partner.
(b) Any Partner shall further have the right to a private audit of the books and records of the Partnership at the expense of such Partner, provided such audit is made for Partnership purposes and is made during normal business hours.
ARTICLE 11
AMENDMENT OF AGREEMENT
The General Partners consent shall be required for any amendment to this Agreement. The General Partner, without the consent of the Limited Partners, may amend this Agreement in any respect; provided, however, that the following amendments shall require the consent of Limited Partners holding more than 50% of the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners:
(a) any amendment affecting the operation of the redemption right or conversion right set forth in Section 8.5 in a manner adverse to the Limited Partners;
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(b) any amendment that would adversely affect the rights of the Limited Partners to receive the distributions payable to them hereunder, other than with respect to the issuance of additional Partnership Units pursuant to Section 4.2 hereof;
(c) any amendment that would alter the Partnerships allocations of Profit and Loss to the Limited Partners, other than with respect to the issuance of additional Partnership Units pursuant to Section 4.2 hereof; or
(d) any amendment that would impose on the Limited Partners any obligation to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership.
ARTICLE 12
GENERAL PROVISIONS
12.1 Notices.
All communications required or permitted under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been given when delivered personally or upon deposit in the United States mail, registered, postage prepaid return receipt requested, to the Partners at the addresses set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto; provided, however, that any Partner may specify a different address by notifying the General Partner in writing of such different address. Notices to the Partnership shall be delivered at or mailed to its specified office.
12.2 Survival of Rights.
Subject to the provisions hereof limiting transfers, this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Partners and the Partnership and their respective legal representatives, successors, transferees and assigns.
12.3 Additional Documents.
Each Partner agrees to perform all further acts and execute, swear to, acknowledge and deliver all further documents which may be reasonable, necessary, appropriate or desirable to carry out the provisions of this Agreement or the Act.
12.4 Severability.
If any provision of this Agreement shall be declared illegal, invalid, or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, then such provision shall be deemed to be severable from this Agreement (to the extent permitted by law) and in any event such illegality, invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect the remainder hereof.
12.5 Entire Agreement.
This Agreement and exhibits attached hereto constitute the entire Agreement of the Partners and supersede all prior written agreements and prior and contemporaneous oral agreements, understandings and negotiations with respect to the subject matter hereof.
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12.6 Pronouns and Plurals.
When the context in which words are used in the Agreement indicates that such is the intent, words in the singular number shall include the plural and the masculine gender shall include the neuter or female gender as the context may require.
12.7 Headings.
The Article headings or sections in this Agreement are for convenience only and shall not be used in construing the scope of this Agreement or any particular Article.
12.8 Counterparts.
This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original copy and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument binding on all parties hereto, notwithstanding that all parties shall not have signed the same counterpart.
12.9 Governing Law.
This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware; provided, however, that any cause of action for violation of federal or state securities laws shall not be governed by this Section 12.9.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have hereunder affixed their signatures to this Limited Partnership Agreement, all as of the [] day of [], 2016
GENERAL PARTNER: |
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Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. |
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By: | ||
Name: |
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Title: |
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LIMITED PARTNER: |
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Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. |
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By: | ||
Name: |
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Title: |
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SPECIAL LIMITED PARTNER |
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Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC |
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By: Cantor Fitzgerald Investors, LLC | ||
By: | ||
Name: |
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Title: |
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EXHIBIT A
CONTRIBUTIONS & INTERESTS
As of [], 2016
Partner |
Address |
Cash
Contribution |
Partnership
Units |
Common Units |
Special
Limited Partnership Units |
Common
Percentage Interest |
Special
Percentage |
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Class A | Class I | Class T | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GENERAL PARTNER: |
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Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. |
110 East 59 th
Street, []th Floor
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$ | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] | | [ | ]% | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
LIMITED PARTNERS: |
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Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. |
110 East 59 th
Street, []th Floor
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$ | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] | | [ | ]% | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Rodin Global Property Trust OP Holdings, LLC (Special Limited Partner) |
110 East 59 th
Street, []th Floor
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$ | 1,000 | 100 | [] | [] | [] | 100 | | 100 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Totals |
$ | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] | 100 | 100 | % | 100 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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A-1
EXHIBIT B
NOTICE OF EXERCISE OF REDEMPTION RIGHT
In accordance with Section 8.5 of the Limited Partnership Agreement (the Agreement ) of Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP, the undersigned hereby irrevocably (i) presents for redemption Limited Partnership Units in Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP in accordance with the terms of the Agreement and the Redemption Right referred to in Section 8.5 thereof, (ii) surrenders such Limited Partnership Units and all right, title and interest therein, and (iii) directs that the Cash Amount or REIT Shares Amount (as defined in the Agreement) as determined by the General Partner deliverable upon exercise of the Redemption Right be delivered to the address specified below, and if REIT Shares (as defined in the Agreement) are to be delivered, such REIT Shares be registered or placed in the name(s) and at the address(es) specified below.
Dated: | ||||||||
(Name of Limited Partner) |
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(Signature of Limited Partner) |
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(Mailing Address) |
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(City) (State) (Zip Code) |
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Signature Guaranteed by: |
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If REIT Shares are to be issued, issue to: |
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Name: |
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Social Security or Tax I.D. |
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Number: |
B-1
EXHIBIT C
NOTICE OF ELECTION BY PARTNER TO CONVERT LTIP UNITS INTO LIMITED PARTNERSHIP UNITS
The undersigned LTIP Holder hereby irrevocably (i) elects to convert the number of LTIP Units in Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP (the Partnership ) set forth below into Limited Partnership Units in accordance with the terms of the Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Partnership, as amended; and (ii) directs that any cash in lieu of Limited Partnership Units that may be deliverable upon such conversion be delivered to the address specified below.
The undersigned hereby represents, warrants, and certifies that the undersigned (a) has title to such LTIP Units, free and clear of the rights or interests of any other person or entity other than the Partnership; (b) has the full right, power, and authority to cause the conversion of such LTIP Units as provided herein; and (c) has obtained the consent or approval of all persons or entities, if any, having the right to consent or approve such conversion.
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Name of Holder: |
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(Please Print: Exact Name as Registered with Partnership) |
Number of LTIP Units to be Converted: |
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Date of this Notice: |
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Signature of Holder: |
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(Sign Exact Name as Registered with Partnership) |
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(Street Address) |
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(City) (State) (Zip Code) |
Signature Guaranteed by: |
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C-1
EXHIBIT D
NOTICE OF ELECTION BY PARTNERSHIP TO FORCE CONVERSION OF
LTIP UNITS INTO LIMITED PARTNERSHIP UNITS
Rodin Global Property Trust Operating Partnership, LP (the Partnership ) hereby irrevocably elects to cause the number of LTIP Units held by the LTIP Holder set forth below to be converted into Limited Partnership Units in accordance with the terms of the Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Partnership, as amended.
Name of Holder: |
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(Please Print: Exact Name as Registered with Partnership) |
Number of LTIP Units to be Converted: |
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Date of this Notice: |
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D-1
Exhibit 23.3
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption Experts and to the use of our report dated July 19, 2016, in the Registration Statement (Form S-11 dated October 17, 2016) and related Prospectus of Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. for the registration of $1,250,000,000 in shares of its common stock.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP |
New York, New York |
October 17, 2016 |
Exhibit 23.4
CONSENT OF ROSEN CONSULTING GROUP
We hereby consent to the use of our name in the Registration Statement on Form S-11, to be filed by Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc., and the related Prospectus and any further amendments or supplements thereto (collectively, the Registration Statement) and the references to the Rosen Consulting Group Market Study prepared for Rodin Global Property Trust, Inc. wherever appearing in the Registration Statement, including, but not limited to the references to our company under the headings Market Opportunity and Experts in the Registration Statement.
Dated: October 17, 2016 | ||
ROSEN CONSULTING GROUP | ||
By: |
/s/ Randall Sakamoto |
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Name: Randall Sakamoto | ||
Title: Executive Vice President |